Medicine on the Midway Vol. 31 No.3. Bulletin of the Medical Alumni Association The University of ChicagoDivision of the Biological Sciences and The Pritzker School of Medicine,- ....".__.�'- 'r .'-....IICalendarTuesday, April 19Reception for alumni and spousesduring American College ofPhysicians Meeting in Dallas,Fairmont Hotel, 5: 30--7:00.Monday, May 9Reception for alumni and spousesof Chicago Lying-in Hospital dur­ing American College of Obstetri­cians and Gynecologists Meetingin Chicago, Hilton Hotel,5:00--7:00.Wednesday, May 2531 st Senior Scientific Session,Billings Hospital, P-117, 9:00--5 :00.Wednesday, June 8Medical Alumni Day: breakfasthonoring Century Club members,scientific program, awards lun­cheon, and evening banquet hon­oring graduates at Hyatt RegencyChicago.Reunion classes and chairmen:1937: Eli Borkon1947: Henry DeLeeuw1952: Benjamin Spargo1957: Francis Straus II1967: Andrew GriffinSunday, June 19Reception for alumni and spousesduring American Medical Associ­ation Meeting in San Francisco,5:30--7:00. Details at ConventionAlumni Registration area.Cover: A human nerve cell is the basic structural and functional unit of thenervous system. Researchers in the Department of Neurology are studyingthe nervous system, seeking clues to the causes of several debilitatingneurological diseases (see page 5).Medicine on the MidwayVolume 31, No.3 Winter 1977Bulletin of the Medical Alumni Association of The Uni­versity of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences andThe Pritzker School of Medicine.Copyright 1977 by the Medical Alumni AssociationThe University of ChicagoEditor: Jay Flood KistContributing Editor: James S. SweetPhotographers: Fabian Bachrach, Arthur Dubinsky,Susan Gurevitz, Bob Hemlock, Dick Katschke, Joe Pel­dun, Jr., and Mike ShieldsChairman Editorial Committee: Robert W. Wissler (' 48)Medical Alumni AssociationPresident: Asher J. Finkel (' 48)President-Elect: Charles P. McCartney ('43)Vice President: Joseph H. Skom (,52)Secretary: Francis H. Straus II (,57)Director: Katherine Wolcott WalkerCouncil MembersHoward L. Bresler ('57)Richard H. Evans ('59)Sumner C. Kraft ('55)Donald A. Rowley ('50)Randolph W. Seed ('60)Benjamin H. Spargo (,52)Otto Trippel (' 46) ContentsUretz Appointed Acting Dean and Vice President 4Neurology Group Tackles Nation's Leading Brain 5DisordersMedical Schools Face Spectre of Increasing 7Government InterventionStanford GoldblattProfile-The 1976 Entering Class 11Joseph CeithamlPaying the Tab for Medical School 13Perspectives of a Senior Medical Student 15David O. StaatsTumor Registry Detectives Keep Track of 18Cancer PatientsTeam Physician 19Bi Sci Council Elects New Members 21Photos 22News Briefs 23In Memoriam 28Departmental News 29Alumni News 33Divisional Alumni News 373U retz Appoi nted Acti ng Dean and Vice PresidentOn November 22, President John T. Wilson appointedRobert U retz as Acting Dean of the Division of theBiological Sciences and The Pritzker School of Medicineand Acting Vice President for the Medical Center. Mr.Uretz is the Ralph W. Gerard Professor in the Depart­ment of Biophysics and Theoretical Biology and in theCollege, Associate Vice President for the MedicalCenter, and Deputy Dean for Academic Affairs in theDivision and in the medical school.In a memorandum to the faculty of the Division, Pres­ident Wilson said "it is my expectation that the programsof the Division, the School and the Medical Center willproceed without interruption. Mr. Uretz has my com­plete confidence and full support in carrying out his re­sponsibilities. "Mr. Uretzs appointment follows the resignation ofDr. Daniel C. Tosteson, effective July I, to accept anappointment as dean of the Harvard Medical School. Dr.Tosteson, the Lowell T. Coggeshall Professor of Medi­cal Sciences in the Department of Pharmacological andPhysiological Sciences, is on leave-of-absence as Deanand Vice President as of November 22.A six-member search committee has been elected by the faculty of the Division of Biological Sciences to seekcandidates for Dean- Vice President. Members from theclinical sciences include Dr. Louis Cohen (,53), Profes­sor of Medicine; Dr. David B. Skinner, Chairman andDallas B. Phemister Professor of Surgery; and Dr. AlvinR. Tarlov (,56), Chairman and Professor of Medicine.Dr. Daniel X. Freedman, Chairman and Louis BlockProfessor of Psychiatry, is an alternate member. Rep­resentatives from the basic sciences include Dr. GodfreyS. Getz, Master of the Biological Sciences College Divi­sion, Associate Dean of the College, and AssociateDean of the division and the medical school; Dr. WernerH. Kirsten, Professor and Chairman of Pathology andProfessor of Pediatrics; and Dr. Donald F. Steiner (,56),A. N. Pritzker Professor and Chairman of Biochemistry,and Professor of Medicine and in the College. Dr. AlfredHeller (,60), Professor and Chairman of Pharmacologicaland Physiological Sciences, is an alternate member.Dr. Kirsten, chairman of the committee, which willmeet twice weekly, invites comments and recommenda­tions from interested alumni. "We want to give the bestadvice possible to the President," he says, "and will bedelighted to talk with members of the medical alumni."4Neurology Group TacklesNation's Leading BrainDisorders"The last thing that man will understand in nature is theperformance of his own brain."-Sir John Eccles, Nobel Prize-winner for his research onthe human brain.Though the complexities of the brain and of brain disor­ders are immense, researchers in the Department ofNeurology-one of the newest departments in theUniversity's Division of Biological Sciences-are op­timistic. Their findings are beginning to provide clues tothe causes of such brain disorders as Lou Gehrig's dis­ease, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy and myas­thenia gravis.Neurological research activities were described re­cently at the annual meeting of the University's BrainResearch Foundation, when members gathered to meetthe faculty of the new department, and to hear details ofbrain research programs.Dr. Barry G. Amason, Professor and Chairman of theDepartment of Neurology, introduced Drs. David P.Richman, Jack P. Antel, and Raymond Roos, AssistantProfessors in the Department. Each described his cur­rent research activities.Dr. Amason also discussed the research work of SaraSzuchet, Ph. D., Dr. Ewa Chelmicka-Schorr, and Dr.Jean-Paul Spire. Drs. Spire and Chelmicka-Schorr areAssistant Professors; Sara Szuchet holds a Senior Fel­lowship from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society andis a Research Associate (Associate Professor)."We look upon ourselves as a team," Dr. Amasonexplained. He believes that although each researcherThe cytofluorometer (cell sorter) analyzes individual cells by passing themthrough a laser beam. Dr. Barry Amasonshould study his own specific area of investigation, in­teraction among researchers improves the overall re­search effort.Myasthenia GravisElectric eels from the Amazon and cobra snakes fromTaiwan have aided Dr. Richman in his studies of myas­thenia gravis, a neurological disorder that affects musclefunction.The illness, which usually afflicts young adults or theelderly, is characterized by abnormal communicationsbetween nerve and muscle. A frustrating aspect of myas­thenia gravis is that the more a patient attempts to force amuscle to function, the more pronounced the abnormal­ity becomes.A chemical or receptor that receives the chemicalsignals by which nerves communicate with muscles isbelieved to be abnormal in patients with myastheniagravis. Dr. Richman and his associates wished to studypurified samples of this chemical to determine its in­volvement in the disease. Electric eels from the Amazonare a fantastic source of the chemical. The researchersfound they could purify the chemical or receptor for theirstudies by adding venom from the cobra snake. Cobravenom paralyzes the receptor much as it paralyzes vic­tims of snake bite."We have shown that· patients with myasthenia gravisreact to this purified receptor or chemical," he said."Therefore, they are probably also reacting to receptorswithin their own bodies." With Dr. Amason and JimPatrick, Ph.D., of California's Salk Institute, Dr. Rich­man found that the body's reaction against the chemicalis mediated by the immunologically active white bloodcells called lymphocytes.In related research activities, Dr. Richman is studyingadditional immunologic reactions of lymphocytes. In hisresearch he will use a machine, presently under construc­tion, called a cytofiuorometer or cell sorter.5Dr. David Richman operates a computer connected to the cell sorter."The machine will take blood cells and quickly passeach one through a laser beam," Dr. Richman said."The laser beam will be able to give us large amounts ofinformation about the function of each of these individualcells." The machine, attached to a computer, will be ableto analyze between 5-10,000 cells per m!nut.e. .Dr. Richman explained that the machine IS so precisethat it can "pick one cancer cell out of 100,000 cells goingby. We think it is a very promising tool and one which wehope to be able to bring to bear on the problems ofneurology.' ,Viruses and Neurologic DiseaseAre some brain disorders caused by viruses? Both Dr.Antel and Dr. Roos are investigating this possibility. Dr.Antel is studying a disease known as amyotrophic lateralsclerosis more commonly known as Lou Gehrig's dis­ease. Dr: Roos is investigating unconventional viral in­fections with long incubation periods and of long dura­tion. He is also exploring the relationship of viruses andbirth defects.Dr. Antel's research on Lou Gehrig's disease dem­onstrated that an individual's immune capability, thebody's defense mechanisms against bacteria or viruses,is to a large extent inherited. By analyzing the histocom­patibility antigens or HLA .system. of white blo�d, cel�s,he found evidence that patients with Lou Gehng s dis­ease have an altered susceptibility to virologic disease."It was of interest to us," he said, "that a small groupof patients with the disease that we studied had a differ­ent HLA pattern. That group with a more chronic formof the disease had a different HLA pattern from thosewith the classical disease." This discovery may explainthe differences in resistance factors for patients with LouGehrig's disease.. . .Discussing his research on aberrant Viral infections,Dr. Roos said, "The incubation period and clinicalcourse of the flu are very short. You feel miserable for afew days, and then recover. I am interested in acute viralinfections of the brain that have late effects-perhapsyears later-as well as in ongoing persistent viral infec­tions. "6 Researchers studying neurovirology have recentlyfound that viruses can be related to some chronic de­generative processes that were previously considered t?be of unknown origin. In four different human neurologi­cal disorders, it has been found that the diseases arecaused by persistent viral infections. Thes.e. four ?iso�­ders are: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, which IScaused by measles virus; progressive multif?calleukoencephalopathy, caused by a cancer-related virus ;and kuru and Creutzfeldt Jakob disease, both caused byagents that transmit the disorders to sub-human pri­mates.Viruses and Birth DefectsDr. Roos is also investigating viruses related to birthdefects. "We all know about rubella babies and how theymight be deaf, and about nervous system ab�ormalit!eswhich result from intrauterine infection Withcytomegalovirus," he said, "but our understanding ofthose diseases is really incomplete.""There are many birth defects, especially neurologicalones that are devastating," he said. "They leave no evi­dence of any inflammation; no signs of a virus beingthere. They demonstrate none of the 'footprints' wenormally see.".Researchers working with laboratory animals haveproduced acute viral infections in fetuses. Afte� th.eseanimals are born, with birth defects, there are no indica­tions of viruses within their nervous systems. As a result,researchers are beginning to suspect viruses as thecauses of many congenital neurological birth defects,even though traces of a virus cannot be found."It is discouraging to think that it might be verydifficult to really incriminate viruses," Dr. Roos said,"but then again I think having a handle on the causes ofsome of these diseases-with the possibility of develop­ing vaccinations in certain cases (measles, forexample)-is very encouraging.". .Another research project discussed by Dr. Antel is hisinvestigation of "suppressor" cells. Dr. Antel's theory isthat a particular group of cells, the suppressor cells, regu­late the immune system. He is measuring these cells �osee if their functions during neurological diseases are dif­ferent from their functions when other illnesses are pres­ent. Dr. Antel said that information from this study"would give us an idea of whether we should directtherapy toward augmenting the immune response, orwhether we should use agents which are capable ofdampening the immune response."Commenting on this research, Dr. Amason said, "Dr.Antel has succeeded in developing a method to measuresuppressor cell function in man and has shown that sup­pressor cell function varies quite strikingly from one ageto another." These findings aid researchers in under­standing why people get certain diseases at certain ages.Multiple Sclerosis"One of the major problems we have had in clinicalneurology over the years is the development of a relia�lediagnostic test for multiple sclerosis," Dr. Amason said.Promising work, however, is being done in this areaby Dr. Spire.Dr. Jean-Paul Spire tests the visual evoked response. Using a strobe light,he measures the time it takes a nerve impulse to reach the back of thehead.A visual-evoked response test, estimated to be at least90 percent reliable in diagnosing multiple sclerosis, hasbeen developed by Dr. Spire. After directing a nerveimpulse into the eye, he records the length of time it takesfor the impulse to arrive in the back of the head. Thismeasure of time helps to determine how intact the ner­vous system is. Dr. Amason said, "In certain diseases ofthe nervous system, particularly in multiple sclerosis, thetime it takes the impulse to reach the back of the head is markedly delayed ... even though the patient may haveno symptoms with relation to the visual system."In other research on multiple sclerosis, Ms. Szuchet isanalyzing the breakdown of myelin, the insulation arounda nerve. This breakdown of myelin is considered to bethe cause of multiple sclerosis. Ms. Szuchet is studyingthe possibility that the myelin breakdown is an immuneresponse against protein on the surface of the oligoden­drocyte cell, which helps to form the myelin."If we can find the protein," Dr. Amason said, "and ifwe can demonstrate sensitivity to it in multiple sclerosis,then our task is to see whether we can find a way todesensitize people to this material so that the diseasedoes not progress."Muscular DystrophyIn muscular dystrophy and other diseases in which thereis muscle breakdown, protease, a protein-splitting en­zyme, is responsible for degradation of the muscle tissue.Dr. Chelrnicka-Schorr is attempting to find chemicalsknown as protease inhibitors, that will block these par­ticular enzymes.Dr. Chelmicka-Schorr has found that mice develop aform of muscular dystrophy similar to that found in man.When mice are treated with enzymes which inhibit pro­tease, the breakdown of muscle is slowed, she has found.The mice do not get as sick as quickly, they live longer,and they are stronger.Dr. Amason said, "This suggests that it might be pos­sible to influence, if not the disease, at least the tempo ofprogression of the disease by the use of such chemicals. "Medical Schools Face Spectre of IncreasingGovernment InterventionStanford GoldblattIt is fascinating to trace the development of the role ofthe University of Chicago in governmental politics. Inthe early years it sought no role, and none was forcedupon it. It received the greatest gift which governmentcan give to an independent center of higher learning andresearch-it was left alone.The scientists who participated in the Manhattan Proj­ect sensed a new era after the war. From this podium in1947, Professor Hogness eloquently told of a number offaculty members who fought hard and successfully toinsure that peacetime atomic energy would be placedunder the control of a civilian agency.From that time on, federal programs to fund researchat private institutions have plunged the University intothe active politics of seeking and maintaining governmen­tal grants. The whole of our relationship with the Ar­gonne National Laboratory could provide a graduate course in federal administrative politics. Federal lawsand initiatives on the prevention of illegal discrimination,on the privacy of academic records, on medical care forthe aged and the poor, have drawn the University everyday closer into federal politics.At the state level, activity also continues to grow. Thenew era began with the much celebrated confrontationbetween Robert Hutchins and the infamous BroylesCommission in 1949. It is said that Laird Bell, in counsel­ing Hutchins prior to his appearance to answer chargesthat the University was teaching un-American subjects,suggested that members of the Illinois State Senate mightnot take kindly to the famous Hutchins caustic wit. Belloffered Hutchins $50 for each sarcastic remark thatHutchins didn't make, payment to be made upon writtenproof. Hutchins was brilliant; the day was saved. Bell'scosts, if any, remain a mystery.7Perhaps the most significant examples of political ac­tivity have been closer to home. The University hascome to have an intimate relationship with the city ofChicago and has often provided critical intellectual re­sources to benefit the city.When Hyde Park became the first federal urban re­newal area in 1954, the University of Chicago, undercontract from the city, prepared the formal plan. Later,members of the University, acting on behalf of the As­sociation of American Universities, framed Section 112of the Federal Housing Act of 1959. This section pro­vided that when a university spent money for campusexpansion in accordance with an approved city plan, thecity could claim federal matching funds as if the city hadspent the money on federally approved programs. In­vestments by the University for student housing andcampus expansion in Hyde Park-Kenwood and the cre­ation of the south campus provided $42,000,000 in federalmatching funds for the city of Chicago at no cost to thecity.The U ni versity of Chicago has been willing to protectitself and its ideals when threatened, willing to becomepolitically active when circumstances have made itnecessary. It has been an effective political force at thefederal, the state and the local level. It now faces threemajor problem areas which require interaction with gov­ernment within the universe of the Pritzker School ofMedicine and the Hospitals and Clinics. Unless we rec­ognize the critical nature of these challenges and preparefor a proper and measured response, the future of at leastthis important part of our University is gravelythreatened.Allow me to describe briefly these three formidablesets of problems. This is not the place nor am I the per­son to deal with any of them in depth. This can only be acall to arms.First, at the federal level there is the spectre of gov­ernment injecting itself into the core of academicfreedom-the right to establish admissions policies andcurriculum. In 1972 the federal government developed aprogram of capitation payments to medical schools tocombat the perceived "doctor shortage." Under thisstimulus several medical schools, ours included, in­creased their size. Last year Congress passed the HealthProfessions Educational Assistance Act which, amongother things, conditions eligibility for capitation on amost curious and disturbing basis.Each year several hundred American collegegraduates, unable to secure admission in domestic medi­cal schools, enter medical schools abroad. Schools inGuadalajara, Dublin and Heidelberg are popularchoices. Upon graduation they are treated as any otherforeign medical graduate. They must pass a rigorous en­trance exam to qualify for postgraduate education inU.S. hospitals. Many do not pass and because at leastone year of postgraduate study is required for a license inevery state, many of these students may not practice inthis country.In accordance with regulations not yet published,every medical school's eligibility for capitation grantswill be conditioned upon its reserving a number of posi­tions to be filled by transferring expatriate students.8 These students apparently must be admitted without re­gard to their ability to fulfill the specific academic en­trance requirements of the individual medical school.Here is an example of the federal government seeking toimplement an awkward solution to a perceived problemand blundering into the traditional domain of academicfreedom-the right to establish qualifications for admis­sions.Another provision of the same law attempts to gener­ate more postgraduate training in "primary care" areas:family care, pediatrics, and general internal medicine.Congress has determined that during the three yearsstarting in 1977 the nation's medical schools must pro­vide 35, 40 and then 50 percent of first -year residencyprograms in these medical areas. In a dazzling disregardfor logic, the law provides that if all of the nation's medi­cal schools, taken together, do not meet this standard,then each medical school must do so individually tomaintain its eligibility for capitation grants. In this situa­tion, the federal government is using the capitation pro­gram with the open intention of restricting academicfreedom to establish curriculum.As we measure our response to these threats to ourindependence we must remember that we shall receive$328,000 in federal capitation grants for this academicyear. The reduction from the 1974-75 figure of $788,000has resulted from reduced congressional appropriations.Yale, Stanford and Indiana University have indicatedthat they will forfeit capitation support rather than sur­render control over admissions and curriculum.The second area demanding our attention involves re­strictions by the state of Illinois on the reimbursementfor medical services provided to welfare patients. In 1965the federal Medicaid law provided funding for medicalcare for welfare recipients but left the responsibilities foradministration to the individual states. The states notonly disburse money (about half of which they must pro­vide themselves) but also determine the nature and rangeof the services for which they will reimburse.The cost of Medicaid was wildly underestimated.Much-heralded medical inflation has not been the onlycause. The number of those eligible for welfare paymentshas grown beyond all expectations, particularly duringthe recent recession. Further, many states have been ex­tremely generous in defining the services to be madeavailable to welfare recipients, and there is widespreadindication of substantial over-utilization of these ser­vices. Finally, levels of administrative efficiency in manystates have been very low.Some states have been more successful than others inhandling the financial burdens of Medicaid. Illinois hasbeen among the worst. The welfare patient volume hasbeen high, not only because of a high concentration ofurban poor, but also because of broad and laxly-definedstandards of eligibility. The administration of the pro­gram has been noteworthy for its inefficiency and its in­ability or unwillingness to purge wrongful and fraudulentpractices.Faced with a shortage of money, the state has takendrastic action. The level of cost reimbursement for allhospital services was frozen on October 6, 1975, by ad­ministrative order of the Illinois Department of PublicStanford GoldblattAid. After much public fuss, the state has agreed to pay70 percent of the costs not reimbursed by reason of thefreeze. Even with this partial thaw, the draconian actionby the state has reduced our revenues for the fiscal yearended June 30, 1976 by $360,000. The cost continues togrow. The most chilling aspect of this controversy is thatthe cost freeze was intended only as an interim step. Itspurpose was to provide time for the state to createmachinery to subject all aspects of cost reimbursement toreview for reasonableness and necessity. The prospect ofthe state analyzing operating efficiencies and even settingreimbursement rates now looms large. Several states arefar along in the review and control of expenditures andthe prospective establishment of rates.In the cost reimbursement freeze we share the problemwith all hospitals serving welfare patients. We have oneMedicaid problem uniquely our own: repayment for pro­fessional fees. We are the only medical center in Illinoiswith essentially all full-time doctors. The state has con­tinuously maintained that the cost of all of our doctors'salaries is included in our room cost and has steadfastlyresisted repayment for professional fees. We have re­ceived nothing for professional services renderedthrough 1973. A lawsuit has been filed to preserve ourclaim for over $3,500,000 in fees billed, but legal ques­tions involving state immunity on such matters cast gravedoubts on our chances for collection. Since 1974 we havebeen paid for professional fees on a compromise basisunder which we receive 70 percent of fees arbitrarily es­tablished by the lIIinois Department of Public Aid. This compromise is costly to us and the state continues toignore the fact that we establish our fees in accordancewith what is usual, customary and reasonable in ourcommunity, as required by the federal legislation.We face the continuing prospect of providing medicalservices to the welfare poor. Unless the state can gener­ate additional funds or more effectively control itsMedicaid program, we also must face the prospect of notbeing fully compensated for these services. ThorsteinVeblen used to deplore the fact that in California theytaxed the poor to send the rich to college. One wondershow he would react to a system which taxes the virtuousto send the improvident to the hospital. "lOur state gov­ernment has not only developed the bad habit of livingbeyond its means, it is now living beyond ours.The third major source for alarm comes from the N a­tional Health Planning and Resources Act of 1974.Under this federal act more than 200 geographic areashave been set up for the planning and coordination ofmedical resources. The goal of facilities planning is laud­able; the maldistribution of facilities and services hascaused terrible waste. There are thousands of emptybeds in the U.S. while certain areas of the country aresadly underprovided. Expensive procedures are un­necessarily duplicated. The impact on us-a research in­stitution, a teaching hospital, a referral care facility onthe south side of Chicago-is problematical.The city limits of Chicago now define our Health Ser­vice Area. After a bit of political scuffling the HealthSystems Agency for this area has been made a part of thecity government. It is now reasonable to expect that theactivities of the Health Systems Agency will not be in­consistent with the programs and goals of the mayor, orwhomever else will dominate the administration of thecity.In the short run the function of this agency will berestricted to reviewing applications for certificates ofneed for any capital expenditures in excess of$100,000 orfor technically innovative equipment. The Health Sys­tems Agency is further charged with creating a long­range health systems plan which will set goals andpriorities for the maintenance and creation of health carefacilities. We can expect that this agency will ultimatelybe used to implement all federal initiatives in the alloca­tion and use of medical care resources. For example, inthe event of national health insurance we can look to thenetwork of health systems agencies to administer costreimbursement and to monitor the efficiency of the entirehealth care industry.Although the presence of this new administrative bodydoes not immediately inconvenience us, we must recog­nize its potential and prepare to deal with it. The long­range plan which it will prepare must address itself towhat hospitals will give what treatment to which patients.To maintain our position as a major provider of tertiarymedical care, to avoid the prospect of becoming a CookCounty Hospital on the south side, to protect our'R. S. Morison, "Rights and Responsibilities: Redressing theUneasy Balance," The Hastings Center Report, Vol. 4, No.2(April 1974), p, 4.9affiliation with Michael Reese Hospital on a basis whichwill be mutually satisfactory, we must prepare ourselvesto help shape the long-range medical plan for the city ofChicago.There are several ways in which we can react to theseareas of present and potential incursion by governmentinto our traditional domain. One is to retreat. The broadrange of governmental activity would require retreat on amassive and total scale. We could determine that a pri­vate university should no longer operate a medical schoolor, at least, should not seek to operate a hospital. Suchdecisions would be both unrealistic and ill-advised.It is inconceivable that this University could excisesuch an integral organ as the medical school. Much of itsdistinguished reputation rests on the quality of the medi­cal school. Furthermore, the "pure science" componentof the Division of Biological Sciences would be im­measurably crippled without the faculty, students andapplied research supported by its clinical alter ego.Surely a medical school cannot exist without a hospi­tal. While legal separation of the hospitals and clinics isprobably possible, it would not enable us to avoid ourresponsibilities. Furthermore, the experiences of othersindicate that medical schools operating solely throughhospital affiliations have a set of problems which easilymight be judged equal to or worse than our own. We mustadmit that radical surgery would be only an in extremischoice.Another possible approach would be to hope for helpfrom outside. Perhaps some political deus ex machinawill understand our need for independence. Waiting fordeliverance is foolish. It is also not enough to rely onthose with whom we share some interests.Where we share interests with others in the capitationissue, we must add the great weight of our prestige to thebalance. Where the problems are uniquely ours, as inreimbursement for professional fees, we must act alone.On matters related to the Health Systems Agency, theremay be important differences in interests-both presentand potential-among those institutions to which wemight otherwise look for aid and support. To speak quitebluntly, in the circumstances where an agency of gov­ernment will be carving up the resources for the deliveryof medical care-funds, facilities and particularlypatients-we must act for our own interests with deci­siveness and vigor.That is really my message tonight. We cannot ignorethese problems. We cannot hope they will go away. Wecannot hope that others will fight our battles for us. Wemust leave our shelter and fight for ourselves. The stakesare high.First, we must develop an overall plan. We mustgather together the prodigious resources of this Univer­sity to evaluate the pressures, the dangers and the oppor­tunities which are most certainly growing in this crucialarea. We must use these resources to build a plan whichwill address itself not only to our specific needs but alsoto the broad social policy questions which are involved.Our special institution can make a significant contribu­tion to our nation and to our community by bringing for­ward innovative and thoughtful answers.10 We must have a specific University policy on ourwillingness to do without capitation grants. We must de­termine whether the amounts of the grants are worth al­lowing the federal government to establish admissionsstandards for expatriate medical transfers and to deter­mine the percentages of postgraduate training to be de­voted to primary care. If we wish to protect our rights toset admissions and curriculum policies we must prepareto replace or forego the funds.We should go beyond pressuring the state of Illinoisfor repayment for Medicaid services. We must have aUniversity position on the nature of the welfare-medicinesystem our state should have and can afford. We shouldalso determine the amount of welfare care which ourUniversity Hospitals and Clinics should provide undersuch a system. Perhaps there is a special opportunity forus to help in the creation of a rational plan for the statenow that we have a new and apparently open-mindedadm inistration.We must participate in the long-range planning formedical care delivery within the city of Chicago. Provid­ing expertise for the city is not a new role for us. Only bybeing part of the planning process can we act to insurethat our part of the overall system will be consistent withthe purposes for which we operate the hospitals andclinics.Next, we must aggressively pursue shorter-rangestrategies to accomplish the basic plan. We must developand maintain good lines of communication with appro­priate government officials. We must speak out in public,through all appropriate channels, to bring critical informa­tion to our various constituencies-s-our alumni, our spe­cial friends and the public at large. We must mobilizesupport to protect the University and the principleswhich it represents.Let me conclude by focusing on the role of trustees.We have some special obligations. First we have the crit­ical responsibility to educate ourselves. These aredifficult and tangled issues with broad-reaching socialpolicy and political aspects. In order to fulfill our dutieswe must study these issues and understand them. Wethen must offer our services in whatever way may bemost useful.A number of years ago Mr. Ben Heineman gave astirring speech on trusteeship. He pointed out all of themany important obligations of a trustee. We must nowadd the role of political activist to that imposing list.This great University is important to us. We must actto protect it when it is threatened. Our obligation is evengreater when the threat is not to our institution alone butalso to the principles on which it is based. It is appro­priate and necessary that we act resolutely to protect thefinancial integrity of our University and its ability to con­tinue in pursuit of the highest standards of research,scholarship and the best education for first-rate students.Stanford Goldblatt is a Trustee of the University, andChairman of the Hospitals and Clinics Committee of theBoard of Trustees. This speech, which he presented onJanuary 72 at the Trustees Dinner, was published in Vol­ume 77, NO.7 of The University of Chicago Record.Profile-The 1976 Entering ClassJoseph CeithamlFor the medical class entering in 1976, a total of 4,939applications were considered by the Committee on Ad­missions. The entering class of 104 students consists of15 women (two married) and 89 men (nine married). Ofthe 11 married students, one woman has two children andone man has one child. Seven members of the enteringclass were selected for the Medical Scientist TrainingProgram (MSTP) which leads to both the M.D. andPh.D. degrees in six calendar years. The MSTP traineesbegan their studies on campus in the Summer Quarter of1976. The other 97 students initiated their four-year pro­gram leading to the M.D. degree in the Autumn Quarterof 1976.Of the entering students, 100 held at least a bac­calaureate degree. Four had received Masters degreesand three held Ph.D. degrees (one each in biophysics,pharmacology, and medical physics). Included in theclass are one black, three with Spanish surnames, andfive American Oriental students, as well as six foreignstudents (three from Hong Kong and one each fromCanada, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela). See Table I.Despite the fact that four students entered with onlythree years of college preparation and three students hadPh.D. degrees, the difference in ages in the class is rela­tively narrow. The youngest member of the class is aTable I: Entering Medical Class, 1976EnteringClass ApplicantsSingle Men 80Married men 9Married men with children (1)Total men 89 3,865Single women 13Married women 2Married women with chil-dren (1)Total women 15 1,074Ph.D.'s 3American Oriental students 5Black students 1Foreign students 6Canada 1Hong Kong 3Saudi Arabia 1Venezuela 1Total students 104 4,939 20-year-old college graduate with a bachelor's degree,the oldest person in the class is a Ph. D., 29 years old atthe time he began his medical studies. The average age ofthe entering class is 22; 88 of the students were 22 yearsof age or younger at the time they began their medicalstudies. .Table I I shows 48 different colleges and universitiesrepresented in this year's entering class. As expected,Table II: Undergraduate College DistributionAlbion College, Michigan (2)Ball State University, Indiana (1)Brown University, Rhode Island (1)University of California, Davis (2)University of California, Irvine (2)California State University, Fresno (1)Calvin College, Michigan (1)Carleton College, Minnesota (4)Carroll College, Montana (2)University of Chicago (28)Christian Brothers College, Tennessee (1)Coe College, Iowa (1)Colorado State University (1)Connecticut College (1)Cornell College, Iowa (1),Cornell University (1) •Duke University (1)Franklin-Marshall College, Pennsylvania (1)Simon Fraser University, Canada (1)Grinnell College, Iowa (1)University of Illinois, Chicago (3)University of Illinois, Urbana (7)Indiana University (2)Kalamazoo College (1)University of Kansas (1) .Lawrence University, Wisconsin (2)Loyola University, Chicago (2)Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1)Michigan State University (1)University of Michigan (4)Muhlenberg College, Pennsylvania (1)University of North Carolina (1)Northwestern University (3)Notre Dame University (4)University of Oklahoma (1)University of Pennsylvania (1)Pomona College, California (1)Purdue University (1)Stanford University (1).State University of New York, Binghamton (1)State University of New York, Buffalo (1)State University of New York, Stony Brook (1)Swarthmore College (1)Tulane University (1)George Washington University (2)Washington University, Missouri (1)Wayne State University, Michigan (1)Yale University (3) _Number of Schools: 4811the University of Chicago provided the largest number ofstudents (28)' followed by the University of Illinois atUrbana (7). Carleton College, University of Michiganand the University of Notre Dame accounted, each, forfour; followed by the University of Illinois in Chicago,Northwestern University and Yale University (threeeach).T able III reveals the geographical distribution of the104 students by residence: Illinois, 36; New York, 12;Michigan, 9; California, 7; Minnesota, 3; Virginia, 3; theremaining students declared residence in 16 other states,Washington, D.C., and four foreign countries.The entering class presents the following academ iccredentials. The average cumulative grade point average(G PA) in all college studies was 3.75 on a scale where 4.0equals A and 3.0 equals B. On the whole, the class per­formed equally well in both the non-science and scienceareas in college. On the Medical College AdmissionsTest (MCAT), the entering class scored higher than anyof its predecessors. The average total MCAT score forthe class was 645, which falls between the 85th and 90thpercentile of all applicants to U.S. medical schools lastyear. This entering class performed especially well in theMCA T sub-tests in mathematical skills and in the pre­medical sciences, where the average scores of the classwere 706 and 677 respectively. These scores representthe 90th percentile of all U. S. applicants in the mathemat­ica skills sub-test and the 92nd percentile in the premedi­cal science sub-test.The academic disciplines in which the entering stu­dents had majored in college vary considerably. Most ofthe students majored in the sciences, specifically in biol­ogy (36 percent) and chemistry (24 percent). On the otherhand, eight percent of the class were not science majors.As seen in Table IV, most of the women were eitherbiology or chemistry majors, and only one female entrantwas not a science major in college.The policy of our Committee on Admissions is toevaluate each applicant on merit. Consequently, it is notTable III: Geographic Distributionof Entering ClassCalifornia 7 NebraskaColorado 2 New MexicoConnecticut 1 New York 12Florida 1 Ohio 1Illinois 36 Oklahoma 2Indiana 3 Pennsylvan ia 2Iowa 2 Texas 1Kansas 1 Virginia 3Maryland 2 Washington, D.C. 2Massachusetts 1 Wisconsin 2Michigan 9 Canada 1Minnesota 3 Hong Kong 3Missouri 1 Saudi ArabiaMontana 2 VenezuelaNumber of States: 23 + Washington, D.C.Number of foreign countries: 412 surprising that the family backgrounds of the students inthe entering class represent a broad spectrum. Ten mem­bers of the class came from families where one or bothparents had less than a high school education. Sixty stu­dents came from families where one or both parents arecollege graduates. It is of interest to note that eight stu­dents come from University of Chicago alumni families(seven fathers and three mothers); in two instances bothof the parents are alumni. Of the alumni fathers, three aregraduates of our medical school, and one received hisPh.D. degree here. One father and one mother fromthose among the alumni earned M.A. degrees, while theremaining alumni parents attended our undergraduateCollege.The occupations of the parents of our entering studentsinclude representatives of the professions, industry,business and labor. Among the fathers are 12 physicians,II businessmen, 8 lawyers, 7 executives, 6 engineers, 5salesmen, 3 dentists, 2 teachers, 2 chemists, 2 bankers, 2truck drivers and 2 carpenters. Among the other fathersare: a physicist, a mathematician, an accountant, a cityplanner, an architect, a farmer, a welder, and people inother professions and trades. Six of the fathers were re­tired, seven others were deceased.Of the mothers, slightly over one-half (55) identifiedthemselves as homemakers, while the remainder had ad­ditional careers. In this latter group are: 14 schoolTable IV: Academic Major DistributionMajor Men Women TotalAnthropology 0Behavioral Sciences 1 0Biochemistry 6 1 7Biology 1�. 5 40Biophysics . ). 0 2Chemistry ,,21.- 6 27Economics 1 1 2Engineering 2 0 2Engl ish 0Envi ron mentalHealth 1 0French Literature 1 0 1General Studies 1 0 1Health Sciences 1 0 1Mathematics .Q. 2 2Microbiology • 3: 0 3Natural Sciences �{ 0 1Physical Sciences J 0 1Physics � .')..' 1 6Physiology 1 ._ 0 1Preprofessional ,.4' ,Studies 0 4Psychology i 0 1Russian Language 0 1Zoology : 4·. 1 5,Totals 95* 17* 112**Seven men and two women carried double academicmajors.teachers, 5 registered nurses, 4 sales clerks, 3 sec­retaries, 3 real estate brokers, 3 social workers, 2 interiordesigners and 2 bank tellers. Also included among themothers are: a cook, a librarian, a systems analyst, awaitress, a business manager, a restauranteur, an officemanager, an office clerk, a nutritionist, a merchant, afactory worker and a cashier. The mother of one of theentering students was deceased.The 1976 entering medical class has now completed itsfirst academic quarter on campus and shows every evi- dence of being as good as the classes which have pre­ceded it. Members of our faculty join me in wishing allmembers of this entering class every success in theirmedical studies at the University of Chicago, to be fol­lowed by long, productive, and gratifying professionalcareers.joseph Ceithaml is Dean of Students in the Division of theBiological Sciences and The Pritzker School of Medicineand Professor in the Department of Biochemistry.Paying the Tab for Medical SchoolHow do medical students meet the heavy cost of adoctor's degree?Kim Williams, a sophomore in the University ofChicago Pritzker School of Medicine, earned some of themoney for his medical education last summer giving ten­nis lessons at the Lake Meadows Tennis Club, Chicago.He assisted Christopher Scott, the University's varsitytennis coach. Now that he has resumed his medicalstudies, Williams does not expect to spend much timeteaching tennis. After the first year, students in the Pritz­ker School attend school all year and do not have wholesummers free.Exploiting a personal talent, as Williams did, is oneway of earning money for an education. The late Dr.Morris Fishbein, who received his B.S. from the Univer­sity of Chicago in 1910 and his M.D. from the Universityof Chicago Rush Medical College in 1912, was secretaryto an English professor, and he indexed German thesesfor the Library while an undergraduate. At Rush he be­came secretary to Dr. Ludvik Hektoen, a famous pathologist, and assisted in post mortems in CookCounty morgue. (He was also a successful poker player,he says in his autobiography.) Dr. Jules Stein (Ph.B.,1915; M.D., Rush, 1921) led and booked dance bandswhile a student. (In 1924, he organized the Music Corpo­ration of America.) Dr. Leon O. Jacobson (M.D., 1939)judged 4-H Club cattle-raising contests and chaperonedvisiting high school students while he was a medical stu­dent at the University of Chicago.Each year three University of Chicago medical stu­dents live in the Drexel Home near the medical school,where they help care for the elderly residents in exchangefor room and board. A few also work nights in a localhospital in return for room and board.Last October, the 116 United States medical schoolsenrolled 15,349 new first-year students. Can "odd jobs"really pay for their M.D. studies, which normally takefour years?Tuition at the Pritzker School is $1,210 per quarter.Students are registered for three academic quarters ineach of the first two years and for four quarters in the lasttwo years.For nine months, it costs $1,000 for room and $1,175for board in Burton-Judson Hall, one of the nearby Uni­versity dormitories favored by medical students. Cloth­ing, books, incidentals, and recreation (if any) are extra,as are microscope rental, health insurance, and otherfees.Students, of course, do not have to live in the dormi­tory. Mark Snider, a sophomore, lives in a coach housebehind an old mansion in the nearby Kenwood area ofChicago. Rentals near the University are very "tight,"however.A small minority of Pritzker students-about one intwelve-have parents who can afford to pay the wholetab. But the vast majority of the students borrow appre­ciable amounts of money, says Joseph J. Ceithaml, Deanof Students in the University's Division of the BiologicalSciences and The Pritzker School of Medicine."Last year 360 of our 445 medical students requestedand received financial aid, " says Dean Ceithaml. "All ofthe financial aid awarded by our medical school is13granted on the basis of financial need, and wherever pos­sible students receive a combination of tuition awardsand loans. Students enrolled in the regular four-yearM.D. program of study received a total of $390,000 intuition awards and $310,000 in low-interest loans fromthe medical school last year. In addition, these studentsalso received a total of $500,000 in loans from outsidesources including state guaranteed and federally insuredbank loans."Students apply to banks for state (or U.S.) insuredstudent loans, and each student is limited to a total of$10,000 in loans during his four years in medical school.If the student's family earns less than $15,000 per year,his loan is interest-free during the time he is in medicalschool.Another source of loans is the medical school itself,with its Medical Alumni Loans, Health Profession LoanFunds, and various "named" loan funds at low or nointerest rates. Funds have also been established by pri­vate foundations and individuals. Students can borrowup to $2,000 in each of their first two years and up to$2,500 in their third and fourth years.The medical alumni funds were established bygraduates of the Pritzker School of Medicine and theformer University of Chicago Rush Medical College."There are a variety of funds that have originated fromour alumni," says Dean Ceithaml. "There is no greaterneed, as far as our students are concerned, than the needfor additional loan funds, due to the costs of living and ofeducation spiraling upward without cessation for the lastten years. Every year the need is greater, and it willcontinue. I am repeatedly gratified by the efforts of indi­vidual alumni and groups of medical alumni who haveestablished new loan funds, or contributed to existingones. Two new funds have been established within thelast year, one by the medical alumni of Northern Califor­nia and the other by the medical alumni of Colorado. Iwould hope that those alumni who have not contributedin the past would begin to do so now, because the need isso great." He estimates that next year the University'smedical students wi II need $125,000 over and above whatthe University was able to provide this year.Another source of financial assistance is through tui­tion awards, and awards ranging from $300 to full tuitioneach quarter are allocated to financially needy students.Minority group medical students are also eligible to applyfor $500 per year awards from the National MedicalFellowship Foundation, established to help minority stu­dents.Some students exchange a year or more of U.S. gov­ernment subsidy for equal numbers of years of service,after graduation, to the U.S. Public Health Service, or tothe Army, Air Force, or Navy medical services.Fellowships for medical research are also sources ofsupport for some students. These awards go to the M.D.students who are also working on a Ph. D. degree in arigorous six-year M.D.-Ph.D. program and who plan toenter academic medicine. Most of this money comesfrom the U.S. government in the form of so-called "train­ing grants .' , The Administration has tried in recent yearsto cut the training grant funds, especially for pre-doctoral14 students. A required "trade off" of later service to med­ical education or in an "under-doctored" area-orrepayment-was recently written into the Health Man­power Act.Beyond that, here are some of the things students maydo to get pocket money:They can work as "triage" clerks in the University'sMedical Center emergency room. "Triage" mean sortingout-the job involves quickly deciding which cases aretruly emergencies and should be seen at once.Fourth-year students can screen patients and takemedical histories in the Student Health Service at $5 anhour.Students can participate in medical experiments, forpay. �"Take a paid vacation right here at Billings Hospi­tal. Be a research subject-physiological studies of a newpsychotherapeutic compound. 72 hours-two consecu­tive weeks. $225, full study," reads one sign in the medi­cal students lounge. Others: "Blood donor for research,males, A+ or B+, $20,one pint." "Somatosensory evokedresponse, 20 minute test-$5-Painless current used oneach wrist." "Thyroid study, ages 4-30, to establishnormal thyroid function, you or child, $5 each." "$20 pertest, antiasthmatic activity of antihistamine drugs.""Dentist needs subjects for free dental work, state licen­sure boards-fillings, gum treatments, free.")Male students can supply sperm for research purposesin the University's Laboratory for ReproductiveBiochemistry and Immunology. Payment: $6 per dona­tion.Summer jobs: These can only be held during the"free" summer between the first and second years ofmedical school. Ten Pritzker students, for instance,helped physicians in rural and inner-city community hos­pitals last summer under a government-funded programwhose aim is to interest doctors in practicing in suchareas.Working spouses: Edna Cahill, wife of Dr. Patrick J.Cahill (M.D., 1976), helped edit the University ofChicago publication Research in Progress: The Biologi­cal Sciences (1976). In the meantime, she took graduatecourses herself and obtained a master's degree in socialservice administration (1976). Students' spouses, how­ever, can't always help. For instance, some medical stu­dents at the University are married to other medical stu­dents, and each needs all the help he or she can get.After receiving the M.D., the physician still has todevote at least a year to "postgraduate medical educa­tion" (residency). The hours are exceedingly long andthe duties arduous, but the new "house staff" memberearns a salary. Currently it amounts to about $12,000 fora first -year resident.So: today 's medical students are finding it difficult tofinance an increasingly expensive medical education, buttheir determination to finish their studies is evident. Thusfar, with the help of their school, banks, alumni, founda­tions, interested individuals, and their own ingenuity,University of Chicago students have been successful inmeeting the costs of their education. Through your con­tinuing support, tomorrow's students will have the sameopportunity.Perspectives of a Senior Medical StudentDavid O. StaatsExperiences with ColleaguesFinishing three years of medical school gives a perspec­tive on medical education. How easy it is to look at thefoibles of the underclassmen with the feeling of deja vu.Their failure to wash after attendance in the anatomylaboratory, their failure to resist grossness at the dinnertable, and their failure to remove the white coat uponleaving the hospital, descending the cafeteria line lookinglike Little Lord Fauntleroy-plays-doctor, are ones com­mitted by most. Worse than this is the tendency to bedeified prematurely, to put on supercilious airs and adopta pompous bearing. To them the story of the queue out­side the gates of heaven must be told. St. Peter tells theline that each must wait his tum, only to see an oldbearded man with white coat and black bag rush by andthrough the gates. St. Peter answers the clamorous voicesby saying that that was God, thinking he's a doctor.These demeanors take on a more pathetic aspect whenthe tune is sung, "There is no time for the things of theworld, for the task of becoming a physician proves tooarduous." Then the monastic way of life becomes bleak.The weighty tomes become unpalatable and hard to di­gest; melancholy supervenes. How good to hear DieZauberflote and listen to Taminos anguish before theWeissheitstempel at these times.To gauge one's cohorts is more difficult. In the midstof an exceedingly dull lecture, my eyes would drift overthe class from my perch in the back row. What aheterogeneous group we were! I wondered what passedthrough their minds, the perception, the integration, andthe summa. How would we look in our class portraityears from now? To whom would come fame or fortuneor untying the Gordian knot? How many of us would bemere technicians, how many enlightened? What was Idoing there?At these times of wondering, the figure drawings of theJohns Hopkins medical students brought relief. They arethe data from a longitudinal study of heart disease inwhich the Draw-a-Person test was administered to a de­cade of medical students. The diversity of subject matterand rendering demonstrated reassuringly the greatbreadth of tastes and temperaments which medicine ac­commodates and gave credence to the notion that some­where was my niche. To look beyond to the interns and residents practicingtheir craft gave one pause to reflect, "There too shall wefollow. " Even the attending physicians served to pointthe way. It seemed as if we were instars, shedding ourskins periodically. This was the vision of Oliver WendellHolmes when he said,Build thee more stately mansions, 0 my soul,As the swift seasons roll!Leave thy low-vaulted past!Let each new temple, nobler than the last,Shut thee from heaven with a dome more vast,Till thou at length art free,Leaving thine outgrown shell by life's unresting sea!Experience with PatientsAfter two years of waiting, being sent on the wards wasan epiphany. To probe the patient's most intimate ex­periences, to observe so intensely, to be confidant andcomforter-these are opportunities that few peoplerealize. This slice of life thrown in the face helped to easethe lack of free time.It is fairly easy to accept patients' irritability, anger,and frustration, for during sickness one is allowed to re­gress temporarily to a more infantile, dependent level. Toallow the patient this temporary regression and to restorehis dignity requires the perception, patience, and tactthat largely comprise the "bedside manner." These samequalities apply to dealings with other hospital personnel:to cheer up the languishing intern by being useful as wellas ornamental, to be polite and informative to the nursingstaff.Often it is more difficult to accept patients' gratitudewith equanimity than it is to accept their grouching, forpraises are more often given to the position than to theperson. For example, one evening a baby was born bycesarean section after a most difficult pregnancy. I hadwatched the delivery and now accompanied the nurseand infant to the nursery. While waiting for the elevator,the nurse called into the waiting room directly opposite.The family leapt from the room, joyfully thanked me, andshook my hand. If that moment can be dissected, therewas joy for the healthy infant, thanksgiving for themother safely through her ordeal, and laud for the doc-15tors who brought this about. The merits were not mine,and the paean was made toward medicine in general. Thedistinction between actor and character demands con­tinual attention.In general a physician is much like a boulder in themiddle of a river. Life passes by on all sides. Some of theriver brushes by the rock, and the two interact for a time;then the water passes downstream, fundamentally unal­tered.NaiveteLoss of naivete was generally a painful experience. Theworkings of the slit-lamp microscope were explained tous on the first day through the ophthalmology clinic togive us a clearer picture of the globe. That afternoon thefirst patient, accompanied by her mother, was a two­year-old girl to be evaluated for strabismus. Not yetknowing how to deal with children, I invested some timeto establish rapport and then began the examination. Ig­norant of which bank of switches operated the ophthal­moscope, I opted for my own. Turning off the lightsplunged the room into total darkness, and I groped myway on hands and knees toward the patient, who wasgiggling with glee. At that moment the resident came in,thinking that the junior student had been taking far toolong. What a sight she saw as the door opened!Being taught to interview patients marked anotherpoint in our development. We were to rummage up apatient and bring him into a room equipped for videotap­ing the interview. The thought of being filmed made mehighly nervous, and on top of this, I had a bad cold at thetime and could hardly speak. The gentleman was highlygarrulous and wandered off the track repeatedly. We hadbeen taught to phrase our questions in as bland a manneras possible to minimize our influencing the content of theresponses. The patient did most of the talking. In generalthe first question was, "How are you feeling today?"This launched my patient into a tirade against the nursingcare and the restrictions on his smoking. Instead of get­ting downto the facts, my carefully rehearsed nods of thehead and occasional" uh-huh" allowed him to go on for along time this way. When I asked him about the earlyphase of his arthritis, he told me how his swollen,inflamed joints forced him to change jobs. He elaboratedon this in great detail and then spoke of his travels inretirement. Whenever he wandered off the track like this,I followed him, and whenever he stayed on course, 1managed to divert him.When the interview was played back before the class,it was revealing to see how nervous I had been, playingwith my shoelaces and fidgeting with my coat buttons.Then too, there were the long awkward pauses when mymind went blank. It was from these mis-starts that prog­ress and self-confidence were built, and rough edgespolished. The lines of Robert Burns took on new mean­ing after such experiences:o wad some Power the giftie gie usTo see oursels as it hers see us!It wad frae monie a blunder free us,An' foolish notion:What airs in dress an' gait wad lea'e us,an' evn devotion!16 The MetamorphosisThe transition from studying to playing the role of aphysician may be painful, but the transition from roleplaying to being comes with less force and over a longperiod of time. It is a much more pleasant experience.Whether it is a change in appearance or bearing is hard tosay, but clerks in the store become more courteous,waiters more deferential. The head is turned to the call of"Doctor" from behind. Friends and relatives begin toask for medical advice, and recitation of medical knowl­edge reinforces the trends. At these times, limitationsbecome sharply etched, for one is both unsure and unableto treat.There is a special joy that comes in making the firstdiagnosis. It happened at one of the Saturday morningneurology sessions. A man was presented who had lossof hearing, ringing in his ears, swaying to one side, andloss of sensation in the cornea on that side. The cardmarked "cerebello-pontine angle tumor" flashed intomind in emblazoned letters, and strains of the Nunc Di­millis played as the suspicion was confirmed.With this metamorphosis came more responsibility andmore angst. Actions begat reactions, and the fear of los­ing a patient through negligence wore occasionallyheavy. When the cosmic burden became too heavy, itwas comforting to hear Strauss's Rosenkavalier andmuse that at the age of 25 one stood somewhere betweenOctavian and the Marschallin, old enough to be slightlyexperienced yet young enough to make further dis­coveries. As long as one stood there, there was hope forprogress. One did not pray for a slope of 5 but only thatthe derivative be continually positive.Physicians as PatientsHaving recently been hospitalized for two weeks in aresearch project taught me the invaluable lesson of seeingthe hospital through the patient's eyes. The unceasingdin, the comings and goings of the nursing shifts, theapprehension make hospitals poor havens for rest. Fearof the phlebotomist's sword has taught that even themost banal and innocuous procedure requires skill.Perhaps it is not enough to see at firsthand all the proce­dures intended for patients. Perhaps the barium enema,ordered so cavalierly with a stroke of the pen, should beadministered to all medical students.There is a trend among medical students to "acquire"diseases, especially in the preclinical years during thestudy of pathophysiology. Classically, eruption of thethird molars is feared to be cancer of the parotid glands.Pigmentations formerly called birth marks or moles be­come melanomas, and one can almost feel the metasta­sizing cells pulsing through the circulation. Every coldbecomes a virulent pneumonia, and every headache acranial neoplasm. Then as the true manifestations of dis­ease become known, the invalid stage draws to an end.Gradually the urge to diagnose and treat oneself takesover, and blood is sent for thyroid-function studies,throat swabs are sent for culture, and excreta are givenmore notice.There is experience with mental health also. The occa­sionally grueling nature of medical education has pro­duced symptoms of depression: a lack of interest, joy,and well-being; altered states of sleep and wakefulness.In these cases, colleagues become welcome therapists.A small but growing series of physicians as patientshas revealed several precepts. One is that a butcher doesnot eat hamburger. The patient-physician does not lan­guish in the halls between diagnostic examinations.Nubile hands are kept from him, sometimes with adverseresults, since attending physicians tend to be rusty inareas that the intern practices daily. Studies of the physi­cian as consumer show that his consumption of medicalservices is not fundamentally different from that of thelay public. Nonetheless, he makes an extraordinary pa­tient.InfluencesInfluences on the perspective of a medical student aremanifold. To arrive on a campus with the Morris Fish­bein Collection of rare medical books on display wasbreathtaking. To see the elephant folios of Vesalius exe­cuted in Titian's workshop was the best invitation to thestudy of anatomy imaginable and elevated the spiritabove the mundanity of the task. The essays of Osler andthe classic invitation to clinical medicine by Peabody be­come important and inspiring models.Ultimately, it was the diseases themselves that fasci­nated me most of all, much as Milton lavished more at­tention on Satan than on God in Paradise Lost, and LoKuan-Chung, compiler of The Romance of the ThreeKingdoms, took more pleasure in T'sao Tsao than in LiuPei. That the human body is susceptible to so many ills inso many forms defined the nature of health.ShamanismSitting Bull's umbilical cord, encased in a beaded bag, ison display at the Buffalo Bill Museum in Cody, Wyo­ming. Carried with him to ward off evil, it was part of hisbeing. In the same way, medical students cling to theirwhite coats, symbols of their respectability. Trophies areaccumulated-the spinal needle from the first successfullumbar puncture-like the necklace made from the trig­ger fingers of Custer's men in the same museum. Tourni­quets, sutures, and syringes accumulate from emptiedpockets, and crumpled laboratory slips attest to the in­creasing number of patients seen. Needle biopsies,fluids, and blood are all divined.Shamanistic aspects of medicine are two-fold: the de­ceitful and the pastoral. Most patients, even the highlyeducated, are tremendously uninformed about the work­ings of their bodies. They can be approached in eithermanner.The deceitful shaman need not account for any of hisprocedures, for the faith of his patients precludes theneed for any rationalization. He is deus and deus exmachina all in one. To his younger colleagues he dis­guises his lack of thought and concern with the magicalpower of his position. He is responsible for much of theunrest in medicine today, for it is largely the failure totreat men in an open manner that causes the consumer ofmedicine to balk; and the discovery among the ranks ofphysicians that the Wizard ofOz is a humbug, concernedmore with form than substance, has led to disquietude.The deceitful shaman is to be eschewed. The pastoral shaman accepts the magical responsibilityof his office and assuages fear, answers doubt, and com­forts, even though he cannot conquer disease and de­crepitude. He is the humanistic aspect of medicine andthat which forms a unity of physicians through the ages,for we remember physicians of the past not only for theiringenuity but for their character and integrity as well.Today's medicine will some day surely appear as provin­cial as that of the past may appear today. The touchstonewill always be not what physicians possessed but, rather,how they utilized.Medicine as a CraftAs much as the pathophysiologists emphasize thescientific foundations of medicine and therapeutics, thecraftsmanship in ars medica deserves emphasis. For in afashion not unlike the medieval guilds, the apprenticemedical student learns the Nine Ways of cannulation,catheterization, insufflation, intubation, injection, tubepassing, knot tying, and all the -centeses in graded fash­ion from his superiors, the journeymen house staff.Chemists, physicists, physiologists, and microbiologistsalso practice a craft; for manual skills and learned tech­niques playa crucial role in these disciplines. Technolog­ical advances have changed the nature of craftsmanshipin the natural sciences and made their application moreindirect, for it is often better to savvy interfacing andanalog-to-digital conversion than to follow hawk-eyedthe galvanometer's deflections.The embodiment of this craftsmanship is subtlety ofobservation. It was a great joy to read R. D. Judge: "...A physician who develops an appreciation for subtle dif­ferences in form, color, harmony, or cadence is learningsomething indispensable. Art, for him, is also a means ofeducating the senses. A man who is familiar with a gracenote will have little difficulty with a split-second sound."This gave justification to pursuing cultural events andoften came to mind while I was departing for a pianorecital. Gradually the pursuit of this craft became all en­compassing; the distinction between "in the hospital"and "out of the hospital" blurred, and the city became somany patients walking the streets. The hyperthyroids,the acromegalies, the arthritics, those in congestive heartfailure-all these faces began to jump out of the crowd.There was no small talk on the train; these conversationsbecame truncated medical interviews.These aberrations were transient, and in their wakefollowed a perception of the physician's unique craft: theability to put a distance between observation and feeling.For it is the mingling of caring and dispassion that consti­tutes the Oslerian aequinimitas. A physician must bebrave enough to kill yet humble enough to cure.David O. Staats received the M.D. degree from The Uni­versity of Chicago in 7976, and is now a resident in theDepartment of Medicine at Michael Reese Hospital. Thisessay, which will be published this Spring in Volume 20,No.3 of Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, was submit­ted as an entry in the first Perspectives Writing Award con­test for authors under 35 years of age.17Tumor Registry Detectives KeepTrack of Cancer Patients"You have to have a little bloodhound in you to work inthe University of Chicago's Registry of Neoplastic Dis­eases," says Mrs. Florence Lowenstein, supervisor ofthe medical center's registry.Mrs. Lowenstein and the other six registry staff mem­bers check up on the health of patients treated for cancerat the University of Chicago. Their activities are directedby Dr. Melvin L. Griem and the medical center's Regis­try Committee. Members of the committee include: Dr.Donald Ferguson, Dr. John Moohr, Dr. John Ultmannand Paul Meier.Information gathered by the registry aids University ofChicago researchers who evaluate the results of varioustypes of cancer treatment. Data contained in the registryalso aid researchers in analy zing the incidence of varioustypes of cancer."Each month, we follow up over 1 ,000 former pa­tients," says Mrs. Lowenstein. Medical informationon more than 32,000 University of Chicago cancer pa­tients is kept up-to-date in the registry.Listed in the registry is information on each patientabout the type of tumor found, the area of the body af­fected, and the treatment and medications the patientreceived. Registry information also indicates if a patientis now receiving therapy or medications and if thepatient's activities have been restricted because ofcancer. If a patient has died, the registrars record thecause of death."Diplomacy and tact are vital," says Mrs. Lowen­stein. "We remind patients of the importance of seeingtheir physician, and even offer to arrange appointmentsfor them."Most of the detective work in the registry is done bySharon Johnson and Ellen Eason. Their job is to locatepatients who may have moved since they were treated atthe University of Chicago Medical Center.If no forwarding address has been left, Ms. Johnsonand Ms. Eason consult telephone books from throughoutthe country in their attempts to find the patients. Theyhave been able to successfully contact and follow thehealth of more than 95 percent of the registry's patients.They have followed patients who have relocated to al­most every state, and to many foreign countries."Occasionally, foreign-born patients return to theirhomeland following their hospitalization," says Mrs.Lowenstein. "The American embassies in foreign coun­tries have helped us locate these patients."Ms. Eason says, "We have received letters reportingon foreign patients in Chinese, French and Spanish.Every year, one physician sends us a detailed letter inJapanese." Members of the faculty of the University ofChicago and medical center employees help the registrystaff to translate the letters.Not all patients are difficult to find, however. "Wehave had former patients call us to ask why we have not18 Registry staff members use telephone books from most major U.S. cities tohelp locate former patients. Ellen Eason (left) and Delora Merrell recordinformation on the health status of each patient.contacted them yet," says Mrs. Lowenstein. "Quiteoften, patients will drop by our office to tell us how theyare feeling." Former patients sometimes mail Christmascards, letters and photos to the registry staff, and fre­quently express gratitude for the care they received hereas patients.University researchers make at least one or two re­quests per week for statistical information, says Mrs.Lowenstein. Reports from the registry have includedsuch subjects as the survival rate of elderly patients whoundergo surgery for rectal cancer, and a ten-year study ofthe results of breast cancer treatment.In the early 1970's, University researchers suspectedthat children irradiated for acne, or for problems relatedto the tonsils or thymus in the 1940's and 1950's, weresusceptible to thyroid cancer twenty years later. "Theregistry was instrumental in locating data so that re­searchers could track down patients with possiblethyroid cancer," says Mrs. Lowenstein. Further, bykeeping detailed records on thyroid cancer patients, theUniversity was able to contact former patients to ask ifthey had received radiation therapy treatments as chil­dren. Responses from the former patients confirmed theresearchers' suspicions."We also record information in our registry on somepatients with benign tumors," says Mrs. Lowenstein."We then follow these patients to see if the benigntumors were an indication of a pre-malignancy.""For years," she says, "we collected information onpatients with benign bladder tumors. Now, it has beenfound that there is no such thing as a benign bladdertumor, for bladder tumors are either pre-cancerous orcancerous. " The registry can now check with patientsrecorded as having benign bladder tumors to follow theirhealth.Research studies by the American Cancer Societyhave often cited statistics from the Tumor Registry. Onerecent report showed that the five-year survival rate forpatients recovering from cancer of the colon-stage threewas sixty-nine percent at the University of Chicago. Thenational survival rate was only thirty-five percent.Accredited by the American College of Surgeons, theUniversity of Chicago Registry of Neoplastic Diseaseshas always been given the maximum three-year accredi­tation. The registry is considered one of the best in theworld, says Mrs. Lowenstein, and hospitals have fre­quently turned to the University for guidance in estab­lishing their registries."I suppose the thing I like best about my job is thatyou see results," she says. "If the data we ha ve collectedwere not used, then I would be bored. But I know it isused. And I know that it is rewarding for research."Recently Mrs. Lowenstein received a letter from aCanadian woman who had cancer surgery at the Univer­sity when she was 80 years old. In her letter, the womanenclosed a photo taken on her 102nd birthday. She wrotethat 22 years after her surgery, she was feeling well andwas enjoying an active life. "That kind of news is thebest reward for me," says Mrs. Lowenstein. Florence LowensteinTeam PhysicianWhen orthopedic surgeon Dr. David Stulberg arrived atthe University of Chicago last June, he learned that theDepartment of Physical Education and Athletics is inrenaissance; there is renewed interest in programs,facilities, and intercollegiate sports. With this renais­sance came a realization by those in the athletic depart­ment that they had a specific medical need. Formerlyactive in track himself, Dr. Stulberg took an interest inthe activities of the blossoming department and also sawthis need."They were getting organized for the fall season, andthere was a potential for specialized medical care andphysical therapy," says Dr. Stulberg. "There was not asystematic program of medical care for these athletes; aplayer had to go through student health or the emergencyroom with injuries that required opinions and decisionsthat general clinics were not prepared to give. In treatingan athlete, the question is, is there more than one way toheal an injury, and will one of these ways allow the ath­lete to continue to participate?"Dr. Stulberg offered to provide medical care for themale and female intercollegiate teams. He is on call 24hours a day, and offers a special clinic for athletes onThursday mornings. Either player, coach, or trainer can call him nights, weekends, at home, or anytime. "Iwanted to impress upon them the importance of getting tothe person who will give the correct care, immediately,"he says. "I am much happier to see an inconsequentialinjury than to risk the chance of missing a major one. "He adds that even if the injury is not orthopedic in na­ture, it is still faster for one person to act as a clearinghouse, calling in other specialists as needed.Not many 20-year-old athletes stop to consider theirprobable lifestyles at the age of 40 or 60, yet that is amajor factor in deciding how to treat athletic injuries."There are many ways to care for a given injury-say asprained ankle," says Dr. Stulberg. "The average guy onthe street might be instructed to rest the ankle completelyfor six weeks and it will completely heal in that time. Butmost athletes will not remain sidelined as long as sixweeks unless it is absolutely necessary. In the case of anankle sprain, an athlete usually can return to action muchsooner." Immediate gains often overshadow long-termconsequences, however, and the athlete who "plays withpain" at the age of 20 may find himself plagued by ar­thritis or tendinitis, long before he's ready to hang up hissneakers. The job of a team physician, says Dr. Stulberg,is to identify those long-term consequences and help a19player and coach arrive at a reasonable decision aboutthe athlete's playing status."We can say 'look, if you play tomorrow on that ankle,chances are very good that you will reinjure it,' " hesays. But the decision to play ultimately rests with aplayer and coach. This is where the team physician canbe of great assistance. "A coach needs to have access tosomeone who is experienced in athletics, so that he orshe can quickly get information on whether or not aninjured athlete can continue to play," he says. Thephysician's ability to answer this question depends on hisknowledge of sports; he can be confident in his judgmentwhen he knows exactly what he is seeing.The physician must determine whether an athlete'sparticipation would result in only discomfort, or in seri­ous consequences. "If you know you would get the sameend recovery whether or not the athlete returns to hissport, then it is reasonable to allow him to resume hisparticipation. This is where the judgment comes in."Dr. Stulberg works in conjunction with athletic train­ers for both men and women athletes. Although thetrainer is not responsible for assessing the degree of in­jury, he or she plays an important role in preventing in­jury, or assuring that an injured player receives promptattention. Athletic trainers work out conditioning pro­grams, tape athletes, and appraise coaches of the sorts ofactivities that are likely to be hazardous to their athletes.Trainers even oversee the diets of athletes under theircare. There is usually a trainer present at every game in ahigh-risk sport such as football, where the likelihood ofinjury is much greater. Dr. Stulberg himself attendedabout two-thirds of last fall's football games. The Medi­cal Center also offers informal training in first aid for theathletic staff.Both Dr. Stulberg and University of Chicago athletictrainer Cheryl Thomas agree that doctors and trainersmust educate coaches and athletes. With most sports,injuries are predictable-and preventable. "We havepretty good information that specific exercises can dras- Dr. David Stulberg evaluates an iniureo ankle.tically reduce the incidence of injury to a given area,"says Dr. Stulberg. "Coaches need to incorporate theseexercises into regular training schedules for the protec­tion of their athletes." The response of both coaches andathletes to Dr. Stulberg has been very supportive, anessential element for success."Until recently, athletic medicine was on 'the fringe'of medicine," says Dr. Stulberg, "something that formerathletes who became doctors went into. Now it is alegitimate area of serious interest." This interest cutsacross specialty lines, as neurosurgeons consider thesafety features of football helmets, and orthopedicsurgeons develop ski bindings. And now, at the Univer­sity of Chicago, amid the sports renaissance, there is ateam physician.Or. David Stulberg is Assistant Professor in the Departmentof Surgery (Orthopedics) and Co-Director of the CombinedMedical-Surgical-Arthritis Unit of the Medical Center, aswell as intercollegiate team physician. Cheryl Thomas is anathletic trainer for the University.50th Anniversary CelebrationMonday, November 14Convocation, luncheon, sym­posium, and civic dinner at HyattRegency Chicago.Tuesday, November 15Departmental programs, dedica­tion of Surgery-Brain ResearchPavilion, Phemister lecture,benefit performance by ChicagoSymphony Orchestra.Wednesday, November 16Departmental programs, WalterPalmer lecture.20Bi Sci Council Elects New MembersThe election of nine business, education and health careleaders to membership on the University's Council forthe Division of the Biological Sciences and PritzkerSchool of Medicine was announced by Chairman A.N.Pritzker at the Council's annual meeting on January 14.The Council, which is elected by the University's Boardof Trustees, is an advisory committee to the Board onUniversity hospitals and clinics, the medical school,medical research, and educational programs in thebiological sciences.Those elected to Council membership include:William O. Beers, Chairman of the Kraft Corporation.John J. Burns, Vice President for Research atHoffmann-LaRoche, Inc.Dr. Walter A. Compton, President, Chief ExecutiveOfficer, and Chairman of the Board of MilesLaboratories.Maurice Hilleman (Ph.D. '44), Director of Virus andCell Biology Research at Merck and Company.Dr. John R. Hogness (B.S. '43, M.D. '46), President ofthe University of Washington.Dr. Attallah Kappas (M.D. '50), Professor and SeniorPhysician at New York's Rockefeller University andProfessor of Medicine and Pharmacology at CornellUniversity Medical College.Albert L. Lehninger, Professor of Physiological Chemis­try at Johns Hopkins University.Dr. Paul A. Marks, Vice President for Health Sciencesat Columbia University'S College of Physicians andSurgeons.Howard M. Pack, President of Seatrain Lines, Inc.Frank W. Putnam, Professor of Molecular Biology andBiochemistry at Indiana University.Dr. Mitchell Rabkin, General Director of Beth IsraelHospital, and Associate Professor of Medicine at Har­vard Medical School.Robert A. Schoellhorn, President, Chief OperatingOfficer, and Director of Abbott Laboratories.Daniel J. Terra, President and Director of Lawter Chem­icals, Inc.Dr. Cornelius A. Vander Laan (B.S. '42, M.D. '44),Dermatologist in private practice in Worth, Illinois.At the annual meeting, Robert B. Uretz, Acting VicePresident for the Medical Center and Dean of the Divi- sion and the medical school, discussed the role of theCouncil, and cited examples of how individual membersserve the University. "As a whole," he said, "the Coun­cil is charged by the Board of Trustees to become famil­iar with and involved in the programs and plans of theUniversity'S Division of Biological Sciences, which in­cludes the Pritzker School of Medicine, the eight basicscience departments, and eleven hospitals and clinics.Members serve as advisors and consultants to the Deanand his faculty in matters of community and public in­terest. "Two days each year, members visit the University tomeet with faculty and staff, and once a year they gatherat the annual dinner to hear a non-University speakerdiscuss issues critical to medical education.Their greatest impact, said Dean Uretz, results whenthey employ their individual talents for both academicand resource development. For example:Four members serve on the Hospitals and ClinicsCommittee of the Board of Trustees.A California member is helping to plan, develop andfund a program aimed at strengthening medical carethrough institutional development and interrelations, andthrough medical education.Another member helped to recruit a chairman for theCommittee on Clinical Pharmacology, and helped theUniversity obtain the initial seed funds for developmentof our International Center for Clinical Pharmacology.This program, which includes extensive research, teach­ing and training elements, encourages interaction be­tween government, the pharmaceutical industry, and theUniversity.A Chicago member testified before the Senate FinanceCommittee in Washington on a bill which relates to thestate's ability to determine whether it can be sued underMedicaid, an issue which has significant implications forthe University.A fourth member arranged for insurance experts toreview our malpractice insurance program and options.A New York member paved the way for a Universityfaculty member to write and edit a monthly column onhealth affairs, entitled, "From the University ofChicago," for Family Health magazine.A member from Iowa mobilized alumni and friends tosupport the current Campaign for Chicago.These are but a few examples of how Council memberscan, and do, help the Division and the medical school byserving as a link between the U ni versity and variou s out­side communities.21122 23 Freshman Wine and Cheese Party: On November 3, membersof the freshman medical class, the faculty, and alumni met inthe Bergman Callery to (1) toast their new venture, and (2)enjoy relaxed conversation amid a recreated setting of theCompass Bar, where budding comedians performed improvisa­tions in the early 7950'5.Wyler Children's Hospital Tenth Anniversary: Faculty, stu­dents, and alumni attended a dinner-dance at Chicago's Am­bassador West Hotel on January 25 in honor of the occasion. (3)Or. Albert Dorfman (center), the Richard T. Crane Oistin­guised Service Professor in the Department of Pediatrics, con­gratulates Drs. F. Howell Wright and Mila I. Pierce, emeritusprofessors in the Department. As guests of honor, they werepresented copies of Dreams in Stone, a book of architecturalphotographs of University buildings. (4) Also honored wasemeritus professor Or. Donald E. Cassels (center). With Or.Cassels are two former students, Or. Andrew Criffin ('67) andOr. Anthony F. Cutilletta, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics.4News BriefsLuce Professorship EstablishedDr. Leon R. Kass has been appointedthe first Henry R. Luce Professor in theLiberal Arts of Human Biology in theUniversity's undergraduate College. Hewill teach courses in the philosophy ofbiology and medicine and their relationto human affairs. Kass, an alumnus ofthe University, was the Joseph P. Ken­nedy, Sr., Research Professor inBioethics at the Kennedy Institute andAssociate Professor of Neurology andPhilosophy at Georgetown University.Originally a specialist in bacterial en­zymology, he has more recently becomeactive in organizations concerned withthe social consequences of science andethical questions in medicine.The appointment was made by Presi­dent John T. Wilson, on the recommen­dation of Dr. Charles Oxnard, Dean ofthe College, and D. Gale Johnson, Pro­vost. The new named chair was estab­lished under a $225,000 grant to the Uni­versity from the Henry Luce Founda­tion, Inc., New York.A native of Chicago, Kass received aB.S. degree in biology with honors fromthe University in 1958, and an M.D. de­gree with honors from the University'sSchool of Medicine in 1962. He receiveda Ph.D. in biochemistry from HarvardUniversity in 1967. His faculty sponsorat Harvard was Konrad Bloch, formerUniversity of Chicago biochemist whowon the Nobel Prize in 1964.Dr. Kass served his internship inmedicine in 1962-63 at Beth Israel Hos­pital, Boston, and became a staff as­sociate, staff fellow and senior staff fel­low in the Laboratory of MolecularBiology in the National Institute of Ar­thritis and Metabolic Diseases. He wassurgeon in the U.S. Public Health Ser­vice, 1967-69. In 1970-72 he served asExecutive Secretary of the Committeeon the Life Sciences and Social Policy ofthe National Academy of Sciences­National Research Council, Washing­ton, D.C. In 1972-74 he was a tutor inSt. John's College, Annapolis, Mary­land, and in 1973-74 he conducted inde­pendent research on "Concepts of Or­ganism, Species, and Health-Ancientand Modern" under a grant from the Na­tional Endowment for the Humanities.He was appointed to his position atGeorgetown University in 1974.While at Harvard, he organized astudent-faculty discussion group on"Social Consequences of BiomedicalResearch," and in 1969 organized thefirst National Institutes of Health Sym­posium on the Social Consequences of Biomedical Research. He is a FoundingFellow and member of the Board of Di­rectors of the Institute of Society,Ethics, and the Life Sciences,Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, andhas been active in its affairs since 1969.Kass has served as a consultant onmedical ethics to the American MedicalAssociation, National Institute of ChildHealth and Human Development, andNational Endowment for the Hu­manities. He is author and coauthorof publications in professional journalson specialized aspects of bacterial en­zymology, and on various ethical ques­tions, including transplants, the statu­tory definition of death, human genetics,and prenatal diagnosis for the right tolive. His essay, "The Future of Man,the Organism: The New Biology," waspublished in many newspapers in 1974 aspart of the National Endowment for theHumanities sponsored program,"America and the Future of Man."Director of Surgical Pathology Lab Ap­pointedDr. Peter J. Dawson has been appointedProfessor in the Department of Pathol­ogy and Director of the Laboratory ofSurgical Pathology. He was formerlyprofessor of pathology and head of thedivision of surgical pathology and cytol­ogy at the University of Oregon MedicalSchool.A specialist in diagnostic surgicalpathology and blood diseases, Dawsonhas worked extensively with experimen­tal mouse leukemias caused by theFriend virus.The appointment, effective January 1,was made by President John T. Wilson,on the recommendation of D. GaleJohnson, Provost, and Robert Uretz,Acting Dean of the division and the med­ical school and Acting Vice President forthe Medical Center.A native of Staffordshire, England,Dr. Dawson received his B.A. degreewith honors in natural sciences fromCambridge University, where he alsoreceived his medical education. Heholds the M.B., B. Chir., and M.D. de­grees from Cambridge, and the D.C.P.degree from London University.He held training positions as housephysician at Royal Berkshire Hospital,Reading, England, and as house surgeonat Victoria Hospital for Children, Lon­don, and was demonstrator in pathologyat St. George's Hospital MedicalSchool, London, and registrar in morbidanatomy at the Royal Postgraduate Med­ical School, London.He served in the British regular armyas pathologist in the British Military Dr. Peter J. DawsonHospital, Hostert, Germany, and alsoserved in the territorial army and regulararmy reserve as senior specialist inpathology.He was assistant lecturer in morbidanatomy at the Royal Postgraduate Med­ical School, London, 1959-60, visitingassistant professor of pathology at theUniversity of California School ofMedicine, San Francisco, 1960-62, andlecturer in pathology at the Universityof Newcastle-upon- Tyne, England,1962-64.In 1964 he became associate professorof pathology at Oregon, becoming pro­fessor in 1967, and head of the division ofsurgical pathology and cytology in 1974.He is the author and coauthor of pub­lished studies on Hodgkin's disease, thepathology of lymph nodes, Friendleukemia virus, and the pathogenesis andtherapy of experimental mouseleukemias and lymphomas.Fitch Appointed Associate Dean forMedical/Graduate EducationDr. Frank W. Fitch ('53) has been ap­pointed Associate Dean for Medical andGraduate Education of the University'sDivision of Biological Sciences andPritzker School of Medicine. Dr. Fitch,honored in February as the University'sfirst Albert D. Lasker Professor in Med­ical Sciences, is presently Professor ofPathology and Chairman of the Uni­versity'S Committee on Immunology.In his new position, Dr. Fitch is re­sponsible for all M.D. and Ph.D. pro­grams within the Biological Sciences Di­vision of the University.New Proton Radiography FacilityDr. V. William Steward and his col­leagues will utilize a new proton beamfacility at the Fermi National Ac­celerator Laboratory to try to revealphotographically small tumors and other23pathological conditions in soft tissues ofthe body. It is believed to be the onlyproton radiography facility of its kind inthe world.Proton radiography, still highly experi­mental. shows promise of providing bet­ter and safer visualization of internalbody structures than is now achieved byx-rays.Steward is Research Associate (As­sociate Professor) in the Department ofSurgery (Neurosurgery). Associatedwith him in the project are Joseph Curry,Research Associate in Surgery, and An­dreas M. Koehler, acting director ofHarvard University's cyclotron labora­tory. The research is supported bygrants from the University of ChicagoCancer Research Foundation, the Divi­sion of the Biological Sciences and themedical school.Steward and Koehler began their col­laboration in the early 19705. They didtheir first work on the Harvard cyclo­tron, and moved to the Argonne Na­tional Laboratory in 1974. In both placesthey had very little access to the protonbeam. Now, says Steward, they willhave the use of diverted portions of theFerrn ilabs beam virtually 24 hours aday, seven days a week.Tests will be conducted of the beam'sability to produce radiographic images ofphysical test objects and pathologicstates of human tissue samples. If thetests are successful, the experimentersplan to ask permission to conduct humantests this spring. Until now, only one liv­ing patient has been studied using thisnew technique (Steward and Koehler,Science, March 2, 1973).Previous work by Steward andKoehler has already demonstrated thatbody soft tissue such as breast or braintissue can be visualized better on anequal dosage basis by protons than byx-ray.Physicists have known for many yearsthat protons offer better visualizationpossibilities than x-rays, but the medicalprofession has devoted its major effortsto improving x-r ay s. With the CAT(computerized axial tomography) scan­ner, x-rays have been brought to nearly100 percent of their detection efficiency.Despite the improved visualization abil­ity of the CAT scanner, it is commonpractice in about two-thirds of CAThead scans to inject contrast media in­travenously."We think we have the next possiblestage," says Steward.There have been other experiments inother parts of the country that attemptedto utilize carbon and tungsten ions andalpha particles as visualization aids, andit is believed the Soviet Union may soon24 also experiment with proton radiog­raphy. Steward thinks that if the methodproves practicable, small proton radiog­raphy particle accelerators costing littlemore than CAT scanners can be de­signed for tertiary hospital use.Amniotic Membrane Dressings for BurnWoundsGasoline in a can in the victim's garageexploded. He suffered deep third-degreebums over 80 percent of his body. Theremaining 20 percent of his skin surfacewas insufficient for skin grafts over theburned area. Surgeons in burn unitstoday have a new technique that helpssolve this problem: utilize membranesfrom the amniotic sac of women whohave just given birth as temporarydressings for part of the burned area.The technique was developed by Dr.Martin C. Robson of the University ofChicago and Dr. Thomas J. Krizek ofYale. Robson is Associate Professor inthe Department of Surgery, head of theSection of Plastic and ReconstructiveSurgery, and Director of the Universityof Chicago Bum Center. He has also de­veloped a ten-minute test for bacterial in­fection of bums.Details of the two new procedures de­veloped by Dr. Robson and his col­leagues are as follows:.Amniotic membrane dressing: Afterbirth of a baby, the amniotic sac be­comes part of the afterbirth and is cus­tomarily discarded; therefore there is aplentiful supply of amniotic sacs. Am­niotic membrane dressings decrease pro­tein and fluid loss and pain in burn vic­tims and permit better development ofblood vessels in deep bums than pigskindressings, which were previously used.Skin grafting is accomplished by re­moving the top layer of skin from thehealthy portion of a bum victim's bodyand grafting it to the carefully cleanedburn area. When new skin has grown inthe area from which the graft was taken,a new sheet of skin can be removed afterten to fourteen days and grafted in anarea protected by the temporary amniot­ic dressing. An alternative formerly wasto make a mesh of the healthy skin,which could then be expanded to covermuch larger burned areas. Use of themesh-type grafts resulted in disfiguringmesh-shaped scars.• The Robson test for bacterial infec­tion involves homogenization and otherspecial preparation of a representativetissue specimen from a burn for micro­scopic examination. If even a single or­ganism is seen on the slide, the bacterialcount is excessive. This test, used inover 7,000 cases, has proved 95 percentaccurate. Adjuvant Therapy for Colon and RectalCancerThe University has received a five-yearcontract to study the effectiveness of ad­juvant drug therapy following surgery incolon and rectal cancer. The contractfrom the National Cancer Institute in­volves a total award of $985,616.The "adjuvant therapy" approach,which has reduced death rates in othertypes of cancer, involves the combina­tion of immunotherapy, radiation andchemotherapy treatments to prevent therecurrence of cancer which has beentreated by surgery.Principal investigator of the programis Dr. Warren E. Enker, Assistant Pro­fessor in the Department of Surgery.Co-principal investigator is Dr. BernardLevin, Assistant Professor in Medicine(Gastroenterology) and Director of theGastrointestinal Oncology Clinic. Bothare members of the University's Gas­trointestinal Tumor Study Group,The problem in treating these cancersis to get off the "plateau" on whichmedical-surgical treatment of colon andrectal cancer has remained for the pastseveral decades. The major aim, saysEnker, is to find some method of treat­ment which will carry at least 50 percentimprovement of survival.There are about 100,000 new cases ofcolon and rectal cancer and 48,000deaths each year in the United States.The death rate of 19 per 100,000 maleshas changed little in the last 30 years andis second only to cancer of the lungamong deaths attributable to cancer."Survival rates following surgery havereached a plateau," say Enker andLevin. "There has been little change inthe five-year survival rate of patients op­erated upon for curative purposes.Tumors which have already penetratedthe full thickness of the bowel wall, par­ticularly when lymph nodes are found tobe positive, have a greater than 50 per­cent chance of recurring despite radicaloperation, ultimately causing thepatient's demise."This study is part of a nationwide ef­fort conducted by the GastrointestinalTumor Study Group of the NationalCancer Institute. The colorectal canceradjuvant therapy program is conductedin cooperation with research teams at theMayo Clinic, Roswell Park MemorialInstitute, Harvard, U .C.L.A., MountSinai Hospital, New York, Georgetownand the University of Miami. Clinical re­sults will be reported to the NCI CentralStatistical Office, under contract to theNCI Division of Cancer Treatment.The effort to improve treatment of ad­vanced colon and rectal cancer involvesan interdisciplinary team at the Univer-sity, including Dr. Jeannie J. Kinzie,Assistant Professor in the Departmentof Radiology; Dr. Robert H. Riddell,Assistant Professor in Pathology; Dr.Harvey M. Golomb, Assistant Profes­sor in Medicine (Hematology/Oncology);resource personnel from the Depart­ments of Medicine and Surgery; medicaland surgical nurse oncologists, and amedical social worker.Recent experience has demonstratedthat at the time of operation, most locallyadvanced solid tumors are already dis­seminated in an unrecognizable residualform that is beyond the scope of cure ordetection by operation.In addition to surgery, adjuvanttherapy (immunotherapy, radiationtherapy, or chemotherapy) is a neces­sary adjunct to eradicate the residualtumors, say Enker and Levin. Treatmentwill begin at the earliest possible timeafter the operation when the most effec­tive therapy can be applied to the re­sidual tumor.The tumors will be "staged" accord­ing to the so-called modified Dukesclassification by which the stages in thespread of colon and rectal cancers areidentified.The University's program in "Adju­vant Therapy of Adenocarcinoma of theColon Following Clinically Curative Re­section" will attempt to increase the"cure" rate among cases in which thecancer has spread to the full thickness ofthe bowel wall and nearby lymph nodes,in which there are no other documentedsites of spread.The study will employ various stagesof treatment, involving radiation, im­munotherapy, and different combina­tions of drugs. The different treatmentplans were developed by colon and rec­tal cancer specialists working with theNational Cancer Institute.Among the chemotherapy drugs to betested are 5-FU (5-fluorouracil) andmethyl CCNU, which have been shownto have significant activity in advancedcolorectal cancer. The principal im­munotherapy agent being tested is MER,the methanol extraction residue of BCG(Bacille Calmette-Guerin). MER is apowerful nonspecific immunostimulantwith dramatic immunotherapeutic ef­fects.The outlook for rectal cancer is lessfavorable than for colon cancer, sayEnker and Levin. While radiotherapyand chemotherapy have proved useful inpatient management, no single agent hasyet satisfactorily prolonged survival.Water Use in IsraelIsrael, a country acutely short of water,can teach the U. S. and other nations Edward Carbermuch about the more effective use ofwater, says Edward D. Garber, a Uni­versity of Chicago geneticist who hasspent a number of summers at HebrewUniversity in Jerusalem, under the aus­pices of the U.s.-Israel Binational Sci­ence Foundation.The U.S.-Israeli organization utilizesseed money-income from an endowedfund that was established by equal con­tributions from the U.S. and Israeligovernments-to solve problems ofmutual interest. Similar binationalscientific organizations of Japanese,French and other nationalities work withU.S. scientists under U.S. programs ofinternational scientific cooperation.Garber, Professor in the Departmentof Biology, the Committees on Geneticsand Evolutionary Biology, and in theCollege, is currently helping the Israelistry to find a way to grow prawns, a smalllobster-like crustacean, in ponds.The Israelis want to export prawns toEuropeans, who consider them a deli­cacy. Most prawns come from theCaribbean or Southeast Asia. They re­quire water-and will be adapted to theappropriate Israeli climate by breeding.The goal is to develop a variety ofprawn that will flourish, after tens ofthousands of them are grown from eggsin tanks filled with brackish water. Thetrouble is that although one prawn looksjust like another, there are genetic differ­ences between different varieties ofprawn. Garber can detect these differ­ences using a process called elec­trophoresis. He removes a small amountof muscle that the prawn can do without,homogenizes it, and identifies its variousproteins and enzymes by observing theirmovement under the influence of a directcurrent, on a plastic base. Each protein has a different charge and responds dif­ferently to the current.The U.S. will soon become as acutelyaware of its desperate need for water asit now is of its need for oil, says Garber.U.S. industry has been using water inever-growing amounts in recent years, incompetition with private citizens.Virtually every usable U.S. dam sitealready has its dam. The next task is tofind better ways to use water. As an ex­ample, Israelis drop irrigation waterfrom pipes. Each pipe has holes in itfrom which the water drops at set inter­vals. Crops are planted so that they growdirectly under the holes, thus preservingthe water.Another project on which Garberworked was breeding hybrid carp as aprotein source for people. The carp aregrown in ponds, different varieties in dif­ferent ponds. The different varieties arecross-bred to produce a maximum yield.However, sea gulls from the nearbyMediterranean eat carp. They mayswoop down on carp in one pond andaccidentally drop them in another pond,mixing up the varieties of carp. Whenbreeding carp, it is necessary to knowwhich variety you are using. An elec­trophoresis test, using blood, was de­veloped for carp proteins.The carp have been "taught" to feedthemselves by activating a mechanicalfeeder which delivers small pellets offood to them on demand.The Israelis make ponds by bulldozingthe land. The carp ponds are built at anelevation, above nearby irrigated fields.When the carp are ready to harvest, thewater is let out by a sluice gate and recy­cled for use in irrigation.Another Garber collaboration in Is­rael was on developing yeast as a proteinsource. His genetic research specialtiesat the University are fungal genetics andcytogenetics.Graduate Student Wins Young Inves­tigator AwardRick V. Hay, an M.D.-Ph.D. candi­date in pathology at the Pritzker Schoolof Medicine, was awarded the 1976Louis M. Katz Basic Science ResearchPrize for Young Investigators by theAmerican Heart Association's Councilon Basic Sciences on November 16. Hewas selected a finalist earlier for his re­search resulting in a better understand­ing of messenger RN A, the genet ic ma­terial which plays an important role indetermining the composition of lipopro­teins. On November 15 he presented amanuscript, entitled" Partial purificationand characterization of messengerribonucleic acid coding for the biosyn-25thesis of rat plasma low density lipopro­tein," at the Association's annual meet­ing.Plasma lipoproteins are the major res­ervoirs of cholesterol and other fats inthe bloodstream. Since reported re­search indicates that high cholesterollevels are associated with heart diseasessuch as atherosclerosis and coronaryheart disease, a clear picture of produc­tion and breakdown of lipoproteins isvery important. Understanding the vari­ous steps in lipoprotein production mayhave eventual application in the treat­ment of those diseases to which lipopro­tein abnormalities contribute, includingheart disease and diabetes.A 1971 graduate of the University,Hay is a member of Phi Beta Kappa andof Sigma Xi. He is conducting his re­search under the direction of Dr. God­frey S. Getz, Professor of Pathology,Biochemistry, and in the College.Another University researcher, Dr.Anthony Cutilletta, was chosen one ofthe three finalists for the award. Cutil­letta, Professor of Pediatrics, was citedfor his research concerning cardiac func­tion and enlargement of the heart in ratswith high blood pressure.Temporal Bone BankLate last year the University of ChicagoTemporal Bone Bank observed its 45thyear in existence. Dr. John R. Lindsay,who started it in 1931, st ill comes inevery day to study temporal bone speci­mens, which contain the middle earmechanism, to try to learn more aboutdeafness and vertigo. The bank includesabout 600 temporal bones in jars. Verythin cross sections of bones are mountedon slides for study.Lindsay is the Thomas D. Jones Pro­fessor of Surgery (Otolaryngology) andfrom 1929 to 1966 was Chief of the Sec­tion of Otolaryngology. He joined theUniversity's medical faculty in 1928, theyear after Billings Hospital was opened."I got my start in this work by spendingsix months at one of the best temporalbone collections in Europe under Pro­fessor F. R. Nager in Zurich, going overhis famous collection," says Lindsay. "Istarted the University of Chicago tem­poral bone bank when I came back at theend of 1931."He has trained many top U.S. earsurgeons, nearly everyone of whomlater studied Nager's collection also.Most of the few other good U. S. tem­poral bone banks were started by formerstudents of Lindsay. or by students ofstudents of Lindsay. He is author orcoauthor of over 150 articles and haswritten chapters in textbooks on hearingproblems. He continues to publish re-26 search articles on studies he made of the45-year-old collection."It's the envy of other medicalschools," comments Dr. Ralph N aun­ton, Professor and Chief of Otolaryngol­ogy at the University. "It has been oneof the best known collections in theUnited States for many years."Temporal bone studies have led to bet­ter understanding of several inner eardiseases, including middle ear infections,otosclerosis, Meniere's disease, acoustictrauma, and inherited deafness. Of par­ticular interest is deafness in early child­hood and such problems of the aging aspresbycusis (loss of ability to discrimi­nate among or hear sounds). "It still hasnot been possible to obtain specimensfor the intensive study of all types of eardisease," says Lindsay. "Even much ofthe physiology of the ear is still t erruincognita. It's a very complexmechanism. "The University'S temporal bone bankis essential for the proper training of earsurgeons. The slides are also availableon loan to other medical schools. Onlyabout one-fourth of the medical schoolsin the United States have even rudimen­tary temporal bone banks. It costs sev­eral hundred dollars to prepare, study,and store slide sections of a temporalbone, including salaries for technicalhelp. Preferably they should be donatedby people with long-standing hearingproblems, whose clinical records areavailable. The Deafness ResearchFoundation has helped raise funds tomaintain the collection over the years.Long-term contributors to the supportof Lindsay's work on temporal boneshave been the American Otological So­ciety, as well as other individual donors.New Focus on Musculoskeletal CancerUnder the pioneering guidance of Dr.Dallas B. Phemister in the 1930s andlater with the continued support and in­terest of Dr. Howard Hatcher, the Uni-Dr. Catherine L. Dobson ('32) admires a plaquecommemorating the Dobson Prize, which isawarded each June to the non-PhD. studentwho gives the best presentation of a researchpaper at the Senior Scientific Session. versity of Chicago became an earlyleader in clinical and pathological workin musculoskeletal neoplasms, primarilygrowths in the body's bones and soft tis­sues.It was once a major referral and treat­ment center for osteosarcomas, the pro­totype of a malignant bone tumor, andother malignant bone and soft tissuetumors. In fact it treated 80 percent of allsuch tumors in the area. Unfortunately,these early traditions have been lost inmore recent times, and such artifacts asa world-renowned pathology collectionlay under dust, uncategorized, and scat­tered around the Medical Center.Fortunately Dr. Michael Allan Simon,an Assistant Professor in the Depart­ment of Surgery (Orthopedics), plans tochange that."I would like to help the Universityregain its past position as a major re­gional referral center for musculoskeletalneoplasms," he says. '" would also liketo see the reinstitution of an orthopedicpathology laboratory, which is integralto the teaching of physicians and thecompilation of clinical and research data."This modus operandi helped trainnumerous academicians and programchairmen in the past and produced alarge quantity of important data. ln thefuture, after reorganization of the previ­ous Phemister-Hatcher collection andthe addition of new case material, a na­tional correlative orthopedic pathologycourse will be planned under the aus­pices of the University."Simon's work will not be made anyeasier by the rarity of the diseases inwhich he is interested. The rate of oc­currence for osteosarcoma is about threeper million per year, with an equalnumber of other primary bone tumors.Because patients in the University areahave in recent times been referred to theMayo Clinic or Children's MemorialHospital, Simon saw only six patientswith this type of tumor in his first 12months at the University.He points out that the frequency ofthese diseases is so low that very fewphysicians have any experience in work­ing with the patients, and explainsfurther that a competent practitioner inthis area must have sufficient experiencein surgery, pathology, and patient care.Even when dealing with orthopedicsurgeons, Simon finds that they, in gen­eral, are trained to be concerned primar­ily with restoring function to the ex­tremities and with patient rehabilitation.Orthopedic oncologists, he explains,must learn to take care of the cancerfirst. This concern must prevail overfunction or inadequate treatment mayensue. Orthopedic oncologists must alsofamiliarize themselves with advances inother fields of cancer treatment and feelcomfortable working with others in amultidisciplinary approach to cancer.Not all of the news in this area is bad.Up until the early 1970s, a young personwith an osteosarcoma had about a one infive chance of survival, about 20 percent.Now, if chemotherapy is used before thecancer metastasizes to the chest, theearly figures for survival double or triple.Simon sees his current role really asthree roles. With the University provid­ing the "historical backdrop" for hiswork, he wants to continue as a re­searcher, clinician, and educator."Dr. Hatcher, who pursued his workhere, wrote only a few papers in hiswhole life," Simon points out, "but hetrained ten orthopedic surgery programchairmen and two national orthopedicacademy presidents. The result of thisindividual's role as an educator was tomake the University of Chicago thecenter for orthopedic pathology and or­thopedic surgical training for a genera­tion. "Medical Student Saves Drowning ManDean Rider, third-year medical student,was vacationing in the Hawaiian Islands,relaxing on a sunny beach, when henoticed a lifeguard running full speeddown the beach toward a body that hadwashed up on shore. Without hesitation,Rider immediately began giving cardio­pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to thevictim. As a result of his efforts, the manwho was drowning is alive today.He learned the CPR technique in a re­quired second-year medical school" LifeSupport" course taught by Dr. DonaldBenson ('50), Professor and Chairman ofthe Department of Anesthesiology, andDr. James O. Elam, Professor in theDepartments of Anesthesiology and Ob­stetrics and Gynecology. "Our intentionin teaching medical students," says Ben­son, "is to teach the rudiments ofemergency life support, or CPR, first,and then extend this with three or fourdefinitive measures that they can use,especially drugs."Rider says the technique was "drilledinto us" by the instructors, which en­abled him to react quickly. "In this situ­ation it was a matter of seconds, notminutes. There was no time to think ofwhat should I do now, or what did theysay in class," he says. Benson stressesthat the ultimate success of CPR lies ingetting to the victim rapidly with theemergency technique.When Rider reached the victim, a43-year-old California visitor, there wereno signs of reflexes and no gagging."The man was completely unrespon- sive ," he says. "I wasn't going to wasteany time so I worked a good ten minuteson the man before getting any re­sponse." He worked with a lifeguardwho did the breathing for the victimwhile Rider massaged the heart. Theyemployed the technique for about 45minutes before a resuscitation unit ar­rived. After the 45 minutes of CPR, theman was breathing on his own and wassomewhat responsive. The unit thentransported the victim to the nearesthospital, 30 miles distant.Rider had previously employed CPR acouple of times, but this was in surgery,and it was differerent because he was not"captain of the ship." "Although] wasin on those other two efforts, I didn't feelthe responsibility I felt on the beachwhen it was just me and the beach boy,and I had to direct the beach boy'sbreathing work. There was no one elseto do it."Dr. Lloyd Roth RetiresDr. Lloyd J. Roth, a member of the fac­ulty of the Department of Pharmacolog­ical and Physiological Sciences for thelast quarter century, retired recently asProfessor in the department and in theCollege. He is now Professor Emeritus inthe Department.Dr. Roth joined the University's De­partment of Pharmacology as an Assis­tant Professor in 1952, the same year hereceived his M.D. degree from the Uni­versity. He became Associate Professorin 1956 and Professor in 1960; from 1957to 1972 he was Chairman of the Depart­ment.A native of Iowa, Dr. Roth receivedhis B.S. degree in pharmacy from theUniversity of Iowa in 1935. Followingthat, he majored in chemistry at Colum­bia University, where he received hisM.A. in 1940 and his Ph.D. in 1942.During World War II, he spent two anda half years working on the ManhattanProject in Los Alamos, New Mexico,where he was a chemist in the researchlaboratories under the direction ofJ. Robert Oppenheimer. Following hisdischarge in 1946, he joined the faculty ofthe State University of Iowa as assistantprofessor of pharmaceutical chemistry.During his career, Dr. Roth has beeninvolved in research in enzymology,radiochemistry, synthetic chemistry, thepharmacology of drugs in tuberculosisand in the central nervous system, andautoradiography. He is currently study­ing the distribution of drugs of abuse inthe brain and the relationship of this dis­tribution to brain function. He uses anovel technique that combines au­toradiography with fluorescence spec­troscopy to examine the relationship be- Dr. Lloyd Rothtween mood-modifying drugs and a vari­ety of neuroendocrine substances. Hehas published more than 150 researchpublications on these and other topics.Dr. Roth has served as consultant toand member of several scientific advisorycommittees: he was consultant to the LosAlamos Scientific Laboratories from1948-52, and again in 1972; consultant tothe Atomic Energy Commission duringthe second International Atoms forPeace Conference, 1957-58; member ofthe World Health Organization ExpertAdvisory Panel on International Phar­macopeia and Pharmaceutical Prepa­rations, 1960; member of the NationalInstitute of Mental Health (NIMH)Psychopharmacological ChemistryPanel, the Psychopharmacology Ser­vice Center, 1962-64; chairman ofthe NIMH Subcommittee on BiologicalSciences Mental Health Training Com­mittee, 1968; and member of the Ad HocTraining Review Committee of the Divi­sion of Narcotic Addiction and DrugAbuse, 1972 to the present.Dr. Roth is a member of the followinghonorary societies: Phi Lambda Upsilon,Rho Chi, and Sigma Xi. In 1972, he waselected a corresponding member of theGerman Pharmacology Society.Erman Biology Center Under RenovationThe University's Ida B. and WalterErman Biology Center is undergoing ex­tensive remodeling, due to be completedin Spring 1977. The remodeling repre­sents part of an effort to relocate De­partment of Biology faculty and studentswith like interests closer together, saysHewson H. Swift, Chairman and Distin-27guished Service Professor in Biology,and Professor in Pathology, the College,and the Committee on Genetics. Ermanand the adjacent Zoology Building willlargely house cell biology and geneticsfaculty and students.The developmental biology group,which was formerly in Zoology, has re­cently moved to the sixth floor of theCummings Life Science Center. Mostecology and evolutionary biology facultyand students will be in WhitmanLaboratory, the Charles Reid BarnesLaboratory, and the W. C. AlleeLaboratory of Animal Behavior.The remodeling of Erman is beingfinanced by a gift to the University bythe late Walter Erman. Other, later re­modeling in Erman, the Zoology Build­ing, and the Research Institutes will befinanced by a grant from the Common­wealth Fund for the University's newprogram in arts and sciences basic tohuman biology and medicine.The relocation of the developmentalbiologists to Cummings was financed bya grant from the National Cancer Insti­tute to the University as part of the fund­ing for the Center and by private funds,including a $250,000 donation from theGoldblatt Brothers Employees NathanGoldblatt Cancer Research Fund.The Erman Building was formerlyknown as the Botany Building. At onetime its present attic area was agreenhouse. The former Departments ofBotany and Zoology merged to form theDepartment of Biology in 1968.Multiple Sclerosis Research ProjectsThe University has received grants total­ing $122,353 from the National MultipleSclerosis Society for two researchprojects. The grants, made possible by agift to the Society by Mr. and Mrs. RayA. Kroc of Chicago, are known as theRay and Joan Kroc Grants for Researchon the Symptomatic Treatment of Mul­tiple Sclerosis.Dr. Barry Amason, Professor andChairman in the Department of Neurol­ogy, is Principal Investigator under thegrants. The first grant, of $92,353 for 39months, will support his efforts to de­ve lop methods to help bladder manage­ment in multiple sclerosis patients.Specialists in the Department ofNeurology, working with patients beingtreated in the University's MultipleSclerosis Clinic, will try to develop sim­pler and more effective artificial devicesfor controlling the urinary sphinctermuscle, which relaxes to permit the flowof urine out of the body. The researchersalso will evaluate self-catheterizationwith and without the use of medications28 such as probanthine, which eliminatesuninhibited contractions, and ephedrine,which increases the tone of bladder out­let muscles. Dr. Harry W. Schoenberg,Professor of Surgery (Urology) is alsoinvolved in investigations of methods tomanage the neurogenic bladder.The second grant, for $30,000 for 18months, will support a clinical study todetermine the value, if any, of stimula­tion delivered by means of electrical im­pulses to a variety of sites over the spinalcord of multiple sclerosis patients.In MemoriamCharles E. Olmsted, 1908-1976Charles E. Olmsted, Professor Emeritusof Biology, died in Boulder, Colorado onNovember 20. Olmsted, 68, a plantecologist, was Chairman of theUniversity's Department of Botany be­fore it became part of the Department ofBiology in 1969. A memorial service washeld at Bond Chapel on January 12.He was known for his studies ofphotoperiodism-how different plantsrespond to differing total daily hours ofsunlight-and of the succession of vari­ous species of grass, shrubs, and trees asvegetation reestablishes itself in denudedareas. A particular interest was the ecol­ogy and physiology of grasses in shiftingsand dunes.Olmsted was active in the Save theDunes Council. which was instrumentalin establishing the Indiana Dunes Na­tional Lake Shore in Indiana. He alsohelped establish the Grand Mere Re­serve and Bog Complex near Stevens­ville, Michigan as a nature preserve.Both the Indiana dunes and Grand Mereare areas in which pioneering scientificstudies of ecology were conducted.Also active in establishing parks andnature preserves as open land areas inthe Chicago metropolitan area anddownstate, Olmsted was a board memberof the Open Lands Project of Metropoli­tan Chicago, the Lake Michigan Federa­tion, the Chicago Academy of Sciences,the Illinois Nature Preserve Commis­sion, the Illinois State Board of NaturalResources and Conservation, and theDefenders of Wildlife. He was an ad­visor to the U.S. National Park Service,and in 1975 was a Fulbright SeniorScholar in Australia, acting as consultantto the development of programs in en­vironmental education and conservation.A native of Colorado, Mr. Olmstedwas a 1929 graduate of the University ofNebraska. He then served as assistantbotanist at the University of Oklahoma,from which he received the M.S. degree Dr. Charles E. Olmstedin 1931. In 1931-32 he was appointed abiologist at Yale, where he was namedSterling Fellow, 1932-33. He was subse­quently appointed botanist at the Uni­versity of Chicago, where he was a Coul­ter Fellow, 1933-34. In 1936 he receivedthe Ph.D. degree in botany from Yale.Olmsted joined the University ofChicago faculty as Instructor in the De­partment of Botany in 1934, becomingAssistant Professor, 1941, AssociateProfessor, 1945, Professor, 1948, andChairman, 1953. He joined the newly­organized Department of Biology in 1969as Professor, and became ProfessorEmeritus in 1973.During World War II he served sev­eral years as a civilian code instructor inthe U.S. Naval Training School at theUniversity of Chicago.At various times he served on thesummer faculties of the Universities ofWyoming, Southern California, andAuckland, New Zealand.He was vice-president and chairmanof Section G (Botanical Sciences) of theAmerican Association for theAdvance­ment of Science in 1966, and was a fel­low and member of the A.A.A.S Com­mittee on Science Education in 1962-65.He was president of the Ecological Soci­ety of America in 1959-60, and amember of the Advisory Panel on En­vironmental Biology of the National Sci­ence Foundation in 1960-63.Olmsted was the former editor ofEcology and the Botanical Gazette. Hewas author and coauthor of researchpublications on vegetation and soil rela­tionships, factors controlling the struc­ture of forests, and the physiologicalecology of grasses and grassland. Hewas best known among biologists for hisstudies of photoperiodism, its relation­ship to the distribution of range grasses,and how it is genetically determined.Olmsted is survived by his wife,Hazel, and by two children, Charles Ill,a doctoral candidate at the University ofColorado, and Joanna, a biology profes­sor at the University of Rochester.Memorial contributions may be madeto the Charles E. Olmsted MemorialFund, which will be used to aid graduatestudents in plant ecology. They may besent to Hewson Swift, Department ofBiology, The University of Chicago,1103 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois,60637.Kurt Rossmann, 1926-1976Kurt Rossmann, Professor and Head ofthe Section of Radiological Sciences inthe Department of Radiology, and Di­rector of the University of ChicagoCenter of Radiologic Image Research,died last October 16 in the University'sMedical Center. He was 50 years old. Amemorial service was held on November5 at the University's Bond Chapel.Rossmann was an internationallyknown specialist in improving radiologi­cal imaging to make x-rays and other im­aging systems better diagnostic tools,and was coauthor of more than 90 arti­cles and book chapters relating to radiol­ogy and diagnostic image quality.A naturalized citizen of the UnitedStates, Rossmann was born in Berlin.He received the B.S. degree from theUniversity of Dayton, 1951, and theM.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Ohio StateUniversity in 1954 and 1958. While astudent, he held various research posi­tions at Dayton and Ohio State.From 1958 to 1967, he was associatedwith the Eastman Kodak Company, assenior development engineer, 1958-59;senior research physicist, 1959-64; re­search associate, 1964-67; chairman ofthe radiography long-range planningcommittee, Research Laboratories,1965-67; and assistant head of theRadiography Laboratory, 1965-67.He joined the University in 1967 asProfessor and Director of the Section ofRadiological Sciences in the Departmentof Radiology, and at the time of his deathwas also a Professor in the University'sFranklin McLean Memorial ResearchInstitute.He was an honorary fellow of theAmerican College of Radiology and heldmany other positions of distinction, in­cluding service on the Executive Com­mittee of the University of ChicagoCancer Research Center, the Advisory Board of the Harvard Medical SchoolCenter for Research and DiagnosticRadiology, and the Task Force on Qual­ity of Radiographic Imagery of theAmerican College of Radiology.He was a member of the InternationalCommission of Radiation Units andMeasurements, the Committee on thePhysics of Diagnostic Radiology of theAmerican Association of Physicists inMedicine, the Japanese Society of Radi­ation Image Formation, the Los AlamosMeson Physics Facility Users Group,the editorial board of l n v e st i g at iveRadiology, and consultant to the Bureauof Radiological Health of the Depart­ment of Health, Education, and Welfare.Survivors include Rossmann's wife,the former Helen Arlene Brown, anddaughter, Lynn, of Hinsdale, Illinois,and his mother, Mrs. Theodore Ross­mann, and sister, Mrs. Philip Burnside,both of Delaware, Ohio.An educational fund to commemorateDr. Rossmann has been established.Donations, specified for the Kurt Ross­mann Educational Fund, can be sent tothe Medical Alumni Association of TheUniversity of Chicago, 1025 East 57thStreet, Chicago, Illinois, 60637.Alumni Deaths, II. Paul Forgrave , St. Joseph, Mis­souri, December 29, 1975, age 90., 11. James Patterson, Portland,Maine, May 20, 1976, age 96.'12.John H. Linson, Newport Beach,California, July 18, 1976, age 90., 12. Irving F. Stein, Glencoe, Illinois,October 13, 1976, age 90.'14. William F. Brinkman, Pocahon­tas, Iowa, September 11, 1976, age 90., 16. Earl K. Hallock, Freeport, NewYork, August 20, 1976, age 88., 16. Claude W. Mitchell, SilverSpring, Maryland, July 31,1976, age 87.'19. Loren W. Avery, Chicago, Il­linois, November 12, 1976, age 83., 19. Blair Holcomb, Portland,Oregon, March 14, 1976, age 80.'19. J. Reno Numbers, Boise, Idaho,February 18, 1974, age 82.'21. Albert A. DeGroat, Birmingham,Michigan, November 6, 1976, age 79.'21. H. T. French, Hanover, NewHampshire, August 18, 1976, age 87.'21. Willard L. Veirs, Urbana, Illinois,May 3, 1976, age 82.'24. George J. Rukstinat , Chicago, Il­linois, November 18, 1976, age 76.'26. P. G. Spelbring , Eau Claire, Wis­consin, April 8, 1976, age 80.'28. William E. Prescott, i-..Birmingham, Alabama, February 29,1976, age 71. '28. J. Stanley Reifsneider, Sedona,Arizona, October 4, 1976, age 75.'32. Vernon R. DeYoung, Chicago, Il­linois, January 25, 1977, age 71.'32. Rudolph Osgood, Nortun, Mas­sachusetts, August 27, 1976, age 75.'33. Harry T. Southworth, Jr.,Prescott, Arizona, July 30, 1976, age 72.'34. S. Robert Lantiere, Tacoma,Washington, March 5, 1976, age 70.'36. Walter A. Schimmel, St. SimonsIsland, Georgia, May 25, 1976, age 73.'37. Morris A. Granoff, New Haven,Connecticut, August 23, 1976, age 62.'37. Milton H. Sax, Duluth, Min­nesota, September 20, 1976, age 66.'38. Donald Boersma, Grand Rapids,Michigan, September 3, 1976, age 65.'42. Paul F. Christenson, San Diego,California, May 15, 1976, age 60.'61. Charles W. Urschel, Mobile, Ala­bama, February 27, 1977, age 41.Former Staff and FacultySol J. Be n e n s oh n (Obstetrics andGynecology, Intern, '34-'35), Chicago,Illinois, January 26, 1977, age 69.Harold J. Evans (Radiology, Resi­dent, '51-'54), Canton, Ohio, August 27,1973, age 75.Edgar S. Gordon (Medicine, Intern,'33-'34), Madison, Wisconsin, May 26,1975, age 70.Departmental NewsAnatomyAppointment:Robert P. Becker, Ph.D.-Instructor.Promotion:Leonard B. Radinsky, Ph.D.-Pro­fessor.Stuart Altmann, Professor in the De­partments of Biology and Anatomy, waselected president of the Animal BehaviorSociety, a national scientific group in­terested in behavioral biology.James A. Hopson, Associate Professorin the Department of Anatomy, Com­mittee on Evolutionary Biology and theCollege, was named co-editor ofPaleobiology.AnesthesiologyAppointment:Dr. Roberta O. Co-Instructor­Trainee.Promotions:Dr. Jung Soon Han-Assistant Pro­fessor.Dr. Tamding Tempo-Assistant Pro­fessor.29Ben May laboratoryPromot ion:Ronald G. Harvey (Ph.D. '60)-Pro­fessor.Dr. Josef Fried, the Louis Block Profes­sor in the Departments of Chemistry andBiochemistry and the Ben May Labora­tory for Cancer Research, led a group ofU.S. steroid chemists and biochemistswho visited the People's Republic ofChina in October. The group, sponsoredby the National Academy of Sciences,visited academic institutions in Kweilen,Kwangshow, and Shanghai. They wereguests at a banquet in Peking given byChou Per-yuan, vice chairman of theScientific and Technical Association ofthe People's Republic.BiologyAppointment:Randall Alberte, Ph.D.-AssistantProfessor.Promotion:Leigh Van Valen, Ph.D.-Professor.Biophysics and Theoretical BiologyThe Department of Biophysics andTheoretical Biology on January 28sponsored a seminar in the CummingsLife Science Center. Dr. Gerald Hazel­bauer of the University of Uppsala,Sweden, spoke on "Chemoreception inE. coli."Nicholas R. Cozzarelli, Associate Pro­fessor, Departments of Biochemistry,Biophysics and Theoretical Biology,spoke on "Making New Combinationsof Genes in the Test Tube" during theAnnual Science Open House at the Uni­versity of Chicago campus, October 30.Anthony Robertson, Research Associate(Associate Professor), presented a lec­ture on "Cell Signals and Slime Mold"at the same seminar.Emergency MedicineSeveral members of the Department ofEmergency Medicine received appoint­ments to committees of the IllinoisChapter of the American College ofEmergency Physicians.Education Committees:Dr. Robert J. Rothstein, Resident inthe Department, elected Chairman.Dr. Frank J. Baker, Assistant Profes­sor and Associate Director in the De­partment, elected Ex Officio member.Dr. George L. Sternbach, AssistantProfessor in the Department, electedmember.Ethics. Health Finances. Insurance.and Public Policy:Dr. Marshall B. Segal, Associate Pro­fessor in the Department, electedChairman.30 Dr. Beverly J. Fauman, AssistantProfessor in the Department and Direc­tor of Psychiatric Emergencies, electedmember.Scientific Assembly:Dr. Frank J. Baker, elected member.Dr. Robert J. Rothstein, electedmember.Ad Hoc Committee on Awards:Dr. Frank J. Baker, elected member.Ad Hoc Committee on Structure andReorganization:Dr. Frank]. Baker, elected member.la RabidaPromotion:Dr. Elsa J. Roe-Assistant Professor.MedicineAppointments:Dr. Ghulam J. Dhar-Research As­sociate (Assistant Professor).Dr. David A. Karlin ('70)-ln­structor.Dr. Harischandra Karunaratne-In­structor (Cardiology).Promotions:Dr. James L. Boyer-Professor.Dr. Nicholas Gross (Ph.D. '70)­Associate Professor.Dr. Sumner C. Kraft (,55), Professor inthe Department of Medicine, presentedmedical grand rounds at St. Vincent'sHospital, Indianapolis, in December.He spoke on "Local and SystemicComplications of Ulcerative Colitis"and" Immunologic Aspects of Gastroin­testinal Diseases."Dr. William Lester ('41), Professor inthe Department of Medicine, spoke on"Update of Tuberculosis" as a part ofacontinuing medical education program atthe South Chicago Community Hospitallast December.At the same program, Dr. John D.Madden, Professor, Secretary, and Di­rector of Clinical Services in the De­partments of Pediatrics and Obstetricsand Gynecology, spoke on "NewbornInfections," and Dr. Leon Resnekov,joint Director of the Cardiology Section,Director of SCOR in Ischemic HeartDisease, and Professor in the Depart­ment of Medicine, spoke on "RefractoryCongestive Heart Failure."Dr. John W. Rippon, Associate Pro­fessor in Medicine (Dermatology), Re­search Associate (Associate Professor)in Microbiology and Biology, and Direc­tor of the Mycology Service Laboratory,was recently elected a Fellow in theAmerican Academy of Microbiology.Dr. Alvin Tarlov ('56), Chairman andProfessor in the Department ofMedicine, spoke on "University Inter- nal Medicine," at a one-day workshopsponsored by the Institute of Medicineof Chicago in December. At the sameworkshop Dr. Henry P. Russe, AssociateVice-President for the Medical Center(Medical Services), Chief of Staff of theUniversity Hospitals and Clinics, andProfessor in the Department ofMedicine, served as moderator of a dis­cussion on "Education of a PrimaryCare Physician."Dr. John E. Ultmann, Director of theCancer Research Center and Professorof Medicine, was elected a boardmember-at-large of the AmericanCancer Society, Illinois Division. LastNovember he spoke on "Clinical Diag­nosis Staging" at a Tumor Symposiumon Non-Hodgkins Lymphomas at West­lake Community Hospital, MelrosePark, Illinois. At the same conferenceDr. Donald J. Ferguson, Professor in theDepartment of Surgery, spoke on "Stag-"mg.MicrobiologyRobert M. Lewert, Professor in the De­partment of Microbiology and the Col­lege, is developing a three-year coopera­tive research program on the immunol­ogy and immunopathology of humanschistosomiasis japonica in the Philip­pines, with support from the NationalInstitute of Allergy and Infectious Dis­ease. The program involves the Depart­ment of Microbiology, and the Schis­tosomiasis Control and Research Project(SCRP) of the Department of Health ofthe Republic of the Philippines.Professors Lewert and Mariano G.Yogore, Jr., Research Associate (Pro­fessor) in the Department of Microbiol­ogy, spent three months last year in thePhilippines preparing for this program.A small laboratory was set up withtrained medical technicians who will ex­amine infected individuals and closelymonitor their immunologic and im­munopathologic status in regard to schis­tosomiasis over the next three years.Arnold W. Ravin, the Addie ClarkHarding Professor of Microbiology andBiology, gave the following lectures:"Changing Views of Science and Prog­ress" at Central and Buena Vista Col­leges in Iowa and at Mt. Union andWalsh Colleges in Ohio in November,and "Fate of Homospecific andHeterospecific DNA Bound toStreptococcus Sanguis," and "OnNatural and Human Selection, or theAmorality of the Gene" at WesleyanUniversity in December.Bernard S. Strauss, Professor andChairman of the Department of Micro­biology, attended a workshop last De-cember on "DN A Repair and Car­cinogenesis," sponsored by the NationalCancer Institute, in Alexandria, Vir­ginia. Professor Strauss also attendedthe U.S.-Japan Cooperative Project on"Carcinogenesis of Hydrocarbons" InNew Orleans in January.NeurologyAppointment:Dr. Jean-Paul Spire-Assistant Pro­fessor.Obstetrics and GynecologyAppointment:Dr. Philip J. Rosenow-AssistantProfessor.OphthalmologyThe Department of Ophthalmology heldits annual alumni meeting on March 2.Dr. Frederick A. Mausolf, Assistant Pro­fessor, coordinated the program. Dr.Irving Leopold, chairman of the depart­ment of ophthalmology, California Col­lege of Medicine, University of Califor­nia, Irvine, was the guest speaker. Hediscussed advances in ophthalmictherapy.PathologyAppointment:Dr. Peter Dawson-Professor.Dr. Frank Fitch ('53), the Albert D.Lasker Professor in Pathology, MedicalServices and FMI, was appointed As­sociate Dean for Medical and GraduateEducation in the Division of the Biolog­ical Sciences and The Pritzker School ofMedicine. Dr. Fitch will have the re­sponsibility, within the Office of theDeputy Dean for Academic Affairs, forall M.D. and Ph.D. programs within theDivision.Dr. Fitch was elected chairman of theChicago Association of Immunologistsfor the year 1976--77. He also was invitedto serve a three-year term as a memberof the Medical Research Service MeritReview Board in Basic Sciences of theVeterans Administration.Dr. Werner H. Kirsten, Professor andChairman in the Department of Pathol­ogy and Professor in the Department ofPediatrics, was elected vice-president ofthe Chicago Pathology Society for1976--77, and appointed chairman of theBasic Science Task Force of the IllinoisCancer Council.Dr. James Vardiman, Assistant Pro­fessor in the Department of Pathologyand Director of the Clinical HematologyLaboratory, participated in a "Tutorial on Neoplastic Hematopathology" work­shop, presented in cooperation with theCity of Hope National Medical Centerand The University of Chicago Centerfor Continuing Education, February7-11, in Chicago.Dr. Robert W. Wissler (' 48), theDonald N. Pritzker Professor in Pathol­ogy, Professor in the College, and Direc­tor of the SCOR in Atherosclerosis, wasrecently appointed a Distinguished Ser­vice Professor at the University.He spoke last December 4-5 at theSymposium on Current Studies of theArterial Wall in Atherosclerosis spon­sored by the Princess Liliane CardiologyFoundation in Brussels. His topic was"Current Status of Regression Studies."PediatricsAlumni of Wyler Children's Hospitaland Bobs Roberts Hospital reminiscedand renewed old acquaintances at thealumni dinner held during the AmericanAcademy of Pediatrics Chicago meeting,October 19. Drs. Burton Grossman (' 49)and Marc O. Beem (,48) coordinated theevening's activities, which included briefremarks from Drs. F. Howell Wright andMila Pierce (,24).Dr. John D. Burrington, Professor andHead, Section of Pediatric Surgery, pre­sented a paper on "Surgical Repair ofRuptured Spleen in Children: Report ofEight Cases" at the Western SurgicalAssociation Meeting, San Diego,California, in November.Dr. Allen Horwitz ('72), Assistant Pro­fessor in the Department of Pediatrics, isdoing research on the biochemical basisof connective tissue diseases. Dr. Hor­witz completed his training in pediatricsat the University of California, SanFrancisco, after a two-year position atthe National Institutes of Health as a re­search associate.Dr. Robert L. Rosenfield, AssociateProfessor in the Department of Pediat­rics, spoke on "Biochemical PhenotypicCorrelations in 21-HydroxylaseDeficiency: Genetic Implications" atthe 7th Annual Birth Defects Sym­posium conducted last November by theNew York State Department of Healthin Albany, New York. He was also aguest speaker at the endocrinologyseminar series at Rush-Presbyterian-St.Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, inNovember, where he spoke on "Diag­nosis of Hirsutism."Dr. Rosenfield was recently awardedenough human growth hormone (H G H)for treatment of ten previously untreatedpituitary dwarfs. The award was givenby the National Institutes of Healththrough the National Pitu itary Agency. Pharmacological and PhysiologicalSciencesDr. Leon I. Goldberg, Professor ofPharmacology and Medicine and Chair­man of the Committee on Clinical Phar­macology, was a visiting professor inJanuary at the University of Alabama,where he spoke on "The Treatment ofShock" and "Dopamine." He also gavea lecture on "The Dopamine VascularReceptor" at the Harvard MedicalSchool on January II. While in Bostonhe met with house staff at the Beth IsraelHospital to discuss the treatment of a pa­tient in shock.PsychiatryAppointment:John Doherty, Ph.D.-Assistant Pro­fessor.The University of Chicago Departmentof Psychiatry presented a seminar on"Pharmacologic Treatment of MentalIllness" at The University of ChicagoCenter for Continuing Education, De­cember 10-11. Dr. John M. Davis,Professor of Psychiatry, and Dr. JohnW. Crayton, Assistant Professor ofPsychiatry, were program coordinatorsand speakers. The following faculty inthe Department were speakers: Drs. Bev­erly Fauman, Assistant Professor ofPsychiatry and Emergency Medicine;Daniel X. Freedman, the Louis BlockProfessor and Chairman; Herbert Y.Meltzer, Professor; Edward C. Senay,Associate Professor, and E. H.Uhlenhuth, Professor.Dr. Angelos E. Halaris, Assistant Pro­fessor in Psychiatry and the BehavioralSciences, appeared on the University'stelevision program, "Perspectives," inDecember to discuss drugs andpsychotherapy in the treatment of men­tal illness. Dr. Jart Dyrud, Professor ofPsychiatry, Associate Chairman, andDirector of Clinical Services, also ap­peared on the program.Dr. Chase P. Kimball, Professor in theDepartments of Psychiatry andMedicine and in the College, was ap­pointed by the Department of Health,Education and Welfare to be a consul­tant to the National Institute of MentalHealth's Section on Manpower Needsand Residency and Medical StudentEducation.Dr. Kimball presented an invitedpaper, "Psychosomatic Theory and itsContribution to Chronic Illness," beforethe American College of Psychiatrists inAtlanta, Georgia, February 4. He lec­tured on Psychosomatic Illness at theHahnemann Medical College and Hospi­tal in Philadelphia, February 7-9.31Charles R. Schuster, Professor ofPsychiatry and Pharmacological andPhysiological Sciences and in the Col­lege, and Chris E. Johanson, ResearchAssociate in Psychiatry (Assistant Pro­fessor), presented an invited paper enti­tied" Behavioral Analysis of Opiate De­pendence" to the VII InternationalSymposium on Behavior Modification atthe Universidad N acional Autonoma deMexico, January 10-13.RadiologyAppointments:Dr. Nalini Bidanz-Instructor.Dr. James B. Masterson-AssistantProfessor.Robert Beck, Professor in the Depart­ment of Radiology and FMI, acceptedthe position of Head of the Section ofRadiologic Sciences in the Departmentof Radiology. The Department ofHealth, Education and Welfare ap­pointed Professor Beck the Principal In­vestigator for the Center of RadiologicImage Research.Mortimer M. Elkind, Professor in theDepartment of Radiology and AssistantDirector for Research Training in theBiological and Medical Research Divi­sion at Argonne National Laboratory. isthe recipient of the H. L. Gray Medal,given by the International Commissionon Radiation Units and Measurementsto honor researchers who have madeoutstanding contributions to the field ofRadiation Biology. The medal will bepresented to Dr. Elkind during theXIVth International Congress ofRadiology to be held in Rio de Janeiro inOctober of 1977. In conjunction with thisaward, Dr. Elkind will present a paperon .. Molecular and Cellular Radiobiol­ogy of Damage-Repair Processes inMammalian Cells."SurgeryPromotion:Dr. Jack de la Torre-Associate Pro­fessor.Dr. Larry F. Kluskens ('76), Resident inNeurosurgery, has been awarded a2-year postdoctoral fellowship inneurochemistry from the National Insti­tutes of Health. He will study the im­munological consequences of brain in­jury, under the sponsorship of Dr.Ramon Lim, Associate Professor ofNeurosurgery.Dr. John Lamberti, Assistant Profes­sor in the section of CardiovascularSurgery, was a visiting professor atWayne State University in Detroit onJanuary 14-15. He presented two lee-32 tures: "The Role of Coronary ArterySurgery in the Management of Symp­tomatic Coronary Artery Disease" and"Current Trends in Intra-Aortic BalloonCounterpulsation . .,Dr. Gerald S. Laros, Professor inSurgery and Chairman, Section of Or­thopedics, served as a faculty memberfor a course on "Rigid Internal Fixationof Fractures," December 12-18, inDavos, Switzerland.Dr. Ramon Lim, Associate Professorof Neurosurgery and member of theBrain Research Institute, has beenawarded a 3-year grant from the N a­tional Institute of Neurological andCommunicative Disorders and Strokefor "The Study of Brain Proteins."Dr. John F. Mullan, the John HarperSeeley Professor and Head of the Sec­tion of Neurosurgery and Director of theBrain Research Institute, delivered thefirst Herbert Olivecrona Lecture inNeurological Surgery at the KarolinskaInstitute in Stockholm in December.The lecture was on "IntracranialCarotid Artery Surgery."Dr. Ralph F. Naunton, Professor in theDepartment of Surgery and Chairman ofthe Section of Otolaryngology, receivedthe Honors Award of the AmericanAcademy of Ophthalmology andOtolaryngology for distinguished servicein the educational programs of theAcademy. He also was appointed AdHoc Advisor to the CommunicativeDisorders Program of the National I nsti­tute of Neurological and CommunicativeDisorders and Stroke, and elected amember of the Ear, Nose, and ThroatCommittee of the Illinois State MedicalSociety for 1976-77.Dr. Naunton is principal investigatorfor a 12-month grant for the "SensoryDisease Clinical Research Center"given by the National Institutes ofHealth. In November he presented twopapers, "Congenital Anomalies of theTemporal Bone" and "Otosclerosis" atthe Tenth Conference on Radiology inOtolaryngology and Ophthalmology atthe Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary.Dr. Martin C. Robson, Associate Pro­fessor of Plastic and ReconstructiveSurgery, was elected to Fellowship inthe American Academy of Microbiologyand in the Chicago Surgical Society. Hewas also reappointed to the editorial staffof Chicago Medicine.Dr. Michael A. Simon, Assistant Pro­fessor of Surgery, Section of Or­thopedics, spoke on "Soft TissueSarcoma-A Need for Adequate andWell-Defined Surgical Control of thePrimary" at the 1977 Chicago Sym­posium on the Immunology of SolidTumors, sponsored by the University of Illinois and the Illinois Cancer Council,February 24-25. Dr. Simon was chair­man of the section on immunotherapyand sarcoma.Dr. Phillip G. Spiegel, Associate Pro­fessor of Surgery, Section of Or­thopedics, coordinated a course spon­sored by the University'S Section of Or­thopedics on "Operative Treatment ofFractures and Non-Unions," at LakeTahoe, Nevada, February 27-March 4.The Deafness Research Foundation inNew York City has awarded grants forprojects directed by Eileen S. Kane,Ph.D., Assistant Professor in the De­partment of Anatomy, and Dr. GregoryJ. Matz, Associate Professor in the De­partment of Surgery (Otolaryngology).The researchers will study "Connec­tions in the Lower Auditory System inCats" and "Progression Neurotoxicityof Kanamycin."Zoller Dental ClinicAppointments:Dr. Richard A. Crinzi-AssistantProfessor in ZDC and Surgery.Dr. A. Thomas Indresano-AssistantProfessor in ZDC and Surgery.Dr. Thomas M. Graber, Professor in theZoller Dental Clinic and in the Depart­ment of Pediatrics, was the main speakerat the annual meeting of University ofSouthern California alumni, LosAngeles in October. He spoke on"Guiding Craniofacial Growth and De­velopment" at a Sixth Annual GrowthSeminar held in November in NewYork.Dr. Frank J. Orland (Ph.D. '49), Pro­fessor in the Zoller Dental Clinic, waselected president of the AmericanAcademy of the History of Dentistry.Michael Reese-PritzkerThe following full-time members ofMichael Reese Hospital and MedicalCenter have been reappointed to thestaff of The Pritzker School ofMedicine:Department of Radiology:Reappointments:Dr. Martin Colman, Assistant Profes­sor, effective October I, 1976, throughJune 30, 1977.Dr. Sidney Johnston, Assistant Pro­fessor, effective September I, 1976,through June 30, 1977.Alumni NewsA special thanks is sent to all the classchairmen who forwarded information tothe A lumni News section.1922Esther S. Nelson, involved in nutritionsince 1916 and a teacher of nutrition attwo medical schools, wrote an editorialon "N utrition Instruction in MedicalSchools-1976" in the Journal of theAmerican Medical Association,November 29, 1976, Volume 236. Dr.Nelson, now retired and living in Vista,California, stresses the need for moreclinical research in nutrition.1924William Stegeman writes from SantaRosa, California, where he is spendinghis retirement, that his book, MedicalTerms Simplified, was published byWest Publishing Co., St. Paul, Min­nesota, January, 1976.1925Leander W. Riba, formerly of Chicago,was married last summer to Myra L.Brenneman, a former special educationteacher in Las Vegas. Dr. and Mrs. Ribaspent their honeymoon on a freighter,cruising the African and Mediterraneanwaters, before returning to their home inStuart, Florida.1928Louis F. Plzak writes that he is conduct­ing research on diseases of the diabetic,caused by abnormal platelet function.He is in the department of surgery at theVA Hospital in Memphis, where hiswife, Vivian Janice, ('59, M.S. phar­macology) is a pharmacist. They areboth very active in the delivery of medi­cal care to veterans.1932Mildred W. McKie of Storden, Min­nesota has been active during the pasttwo years in the Family Health FoodCoop in Marshall, Minnesota. She lec­tures on health and nutrition and workswith a task force on the Health and N u­trition Commission at the SouthwestState College. She has updated her 1953edition of Indian Foods and Nutrition,making it applicable to the U.S. In rec­ognition of her 25 years of research inIndia in the fields of health and nutrition,she was selected for the 8th edition ofWho's Who of American Women,1974-75, and repeated in the 10th edi­tion. She is also included in the 2nd edi­tion of the World's Who's Who of Dr. Leander W. RibaWomen and the 3rd edition of theInternational Who's Who.1934William C. Smail is retired and has a newaddress in Denver.1936L. Dell Henry announced his retirementfrom the practice of internal medicineand allergy on January I. Dr. Henrylives in Ann Arbor, Michigan.Eugene Victor Simison, also retired,has a new address in Inkom, Idaho.1937Martin Dollin on July I was appointedacting director of City Hospital at Elm­hurst, New York, Mt. Sinai HospitalServices.Charles Rammelkamp of Clevelandwas elected a member of the AmericanAcademy of Arts and Sciences last year.1938Herman M. Serota, now of La Jolla,California, was appointed training andsupervisory analyst at the San DiegoPsychoanalytic Institute and is on thefaculty at the University of California,San Diego Medical School.H. Gladys Spear, a psychiatrist inMilwaukee, writes that she is reducingher work time to 33-35 hours per week.Herbert Wald writes from Louisville,Kentucky, that he retired from the prac­tice of surgery two years ago and is nowassistant professor of surgery and apart-time associate professor of anatomyat the University of Louisville School ofMedicine. He teaches clinical anatomyto seniors as an elective, surgicalanatomy to residents, and assists in thegross anatomy course for freshmen.1939William M. Lees is associate dean andclinical professor of surgery at Loyola University's Stritch School of Medicinein Maywood, Illinois; chief of staff at theV A Hospital at Hines; and professoriallecturer in surgery at the Pritzker Schoolof Medicine. Recently he was electedpresident of the. following organizations:Chicago Surgical Society, Illinois Soci­ety for Medical Research, and IllinoisCouncil on Continuing Medical Educa­tion. He also was re-elected a trustee ofthe Illinois State Medical Society.Mary M. Porter writes from Wayne,Pennsylvania that she retired three yearsago as chairman of the department ofclinical pathology at the Medical Collegeof Pennsylvania.William Wallace Scott is active in hisprivate practice of urology and edits TheJournal of Urology and InvestigativeUrology. His greatest pleasure, hewrites, is his research at the BradyUrological Institute at Johns HopkinsUniversity, where he is the David HallMcConnell professor of urology.1940S. Wayne Smith has a new medical prac­tice involving nutrition and allergies inpatients with mental illness. In addition,he evaluates new patients two days perweek at State Hospital South in Black­foot, Idaho.1941Norman Taub was appointed medical di­rector of the Sussex County CommunityMental Health Center at Lewes, Dela­ware.1942George H. Handy became associate med­ical director of CUN A Mutual Insur­ance Company in Madison, Wisconsinlast fall, after serving six years as Wis­consin State Health Officer.1944James L. Frey left a private practice ofophthalmology to join the staff at HenryFord Hospital, Fairlane Center, inDearborn, Michigan. His older son,Kirk, will graduate from MassachusettsInstitute of Technology this spring andhas applied for admission to medicalschool.G. W. Gingrich sent an update on hisactivities. He, his wife and four childrenlive in Charlotte, North Carolina. Hepracticed surgery from 1950-1966, andsince then has been practicing anes­thesiology.Morton Lee Pearce, professor ofmedicine at the UCLA Center forHealth Science, was honored by theUniversity of Chicago Club of GreaterLos Angeles as their" DistinguishedAlumnus for 1976" in recognition of out-33Left to right: Dr. Barbara Gilfillan Crowley IB.A.'44), president of the University of Chicago Clubof Los Angeles, Dr. Morton Lee Pearce, and Dr.Bernard G. Sarnat.standing achievement and service to so­ciety. The presentation was made by Dr.Bernard G. Sarnat, '37.Paul F. Wallace is an orthopedicsurgeon in St. Petersburg, Florida. In1976 he presented a paper on "Gangli­ons of the Wrist" at the American Soci­ety for Surgery of the H and, and a paperon "Radioactive Bone Scanning forNon-union Fractures of the Upper Ex­tremity" at the American Association ofHand Surgeons. He will participate in apanel on "Sports Medicine Concerningthe Hand" at the 1977 meeting of theAmerican Society for Surgery of theHand.1945Justin A. Aalpoel recently retired fromthe practice of thoracic and cardiovascu­lar surgery in Yakima, Washington.Jerome Styrt has a private practice inpsychiatry and psychoanalysis in Balti­more and teaches residents at the Uni­versity of Maryland and at SheppardPratt. One of his daughters graduatedfrom Harvard Medical School last June.Another daughter is planning graduatework in geochemistry.1947Gerald Hill was elected president of theMarin County (California) PsychiatricSociety and was one of seventy Ameri­can psychiatrists who inspected selectedpsychiatric facilities in Russia.Thomas T. Tourlentes is director ofpsychiatric services at Franciscan Hos­pital, Rock Island, Illinois. and execu­tive director of the ComprehensiveCommunity Mental Health Center. Dr.Tourlentes has held many offices in pro­fessional societies and published thirtypapers. From 1955 to 1976 he was as­sociate clinical professor of psychiatry atthe University of Illinois College ofMedicine.1948Doris C. Weiser Gilpin is acting medicaldirector and chief of psychiatry at the34 Washington University Child GuidanceCenter, St. Louis. Dr. Gilpin is co­editor with E. James Anthony of ThreeClinical Faces of Childhood.Ernst R. Jaffe is serving as senior as­sociate dean at the Albert Einstein Col­lege of Medicine, where he is professorof medicine and head of the division ofhematology. He also is editor-in-chief ofBlood, the journal of the American Soci­ety of Hematology.George B. Whatmore of Seattle iscoauthor with Daniel R. Kohli, M.D. ofThe Physiopathology and Treatment ofFu n ct ion al Disorders, published byGrune & Stratton in 1974. He writes thatthe book is the result of 23 years of re­search and treatment of functional disor­ders from the viewpoint of a clinicalneurophysiologist.1949H. William Bardenwerper is on the medi­cal service of the VA Hospital in Salis­bury, North Carolina and in 1975 wascertified by the American Board of Fam­ily Practice.1952Alvan R. Feinstein, professor of medicineand epidemiology at Yale UniversitySchool of Medicine, was one of 25 per­sons elected to membership in the Insti­tute of Medicine of the NationalAcademy of Sciences. The new five-yearterm began January 1.Leon and Elsa Gordon will have twochildren in medical school next year.Their daughter is a sophomore at DukeMedical School, and their son, Joseph,will be entering the Pritzker School ofMedicine. Elsa practices childpsychiatry and Leon is a surgeon in SanJose, California.1953Richard L. Dobson was a visiting profes­sor at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital inSydney, Australia last October and con­sultant to the Royal Flying Doctor'sService, New South Wales, Australia.Dr. Dobson is professor of dermatologyat the State University of New York atBuffalo and was elected president of theSociety for Investigative Dermatologyfor 1976-77.Marjorie M. Wilson is medical directorof the Yakima, Washington Neighbor­hood Health Services, Inc., which pro­vides comprehensive health care to a lowincome population. The programs she isdirecting include a well-child clinic, earlyperiodic screening, diagnosis, and treat­ment, a pre-natal clinic, a family plan­ning clinic, and a senior citizens screen­ing program. She has also begun trainingnurses to serve the community. Edward F. Wilt completed require­ments for a Master of Public Health de­gree at the University of Illinois. He re­cently served a two-year term as presi­dent of the Illinois Association of Boardsof Health. Dr. Wilt recently spent tenweeks in Great Britain studying thegeriatric health care systems, and spokeon that subject when he delivered theannual banquet address to the AutumnPublic Health Conference in Springfield,Illinois.Clarence J. Young was recently hon­ored by St. Mary Desert Valley Hospitalof Apple Valley, California, where hehas been on the staff since 1957. In 1976,Dr. Young delivered 508 of the 692babies delivered at the hospital. Oncebefore, in 1971, he delivered over 500 ofthe babies born at St. Mary Hospital. Inhonor of the occasion, he was treated toa surprise spaghetti luncheon and re­ceived a plaque marking his incrediblerate of delivery.1954Jerry Seidel was elected president of themedical staff at Resurrection Hospital inChicago. Dr. Seidel is an active memberof the hospital's department of surgicalservices, division of ophthalmology andotolaryngology. He joined the medicalstaff in 1963.1955John R. Benfield on January I assumedthe positions of Utley professor ofsurgery and chairman of the division ofsurgery at Boston University School ofMedicine, and surgeon-in-chief at Uni­versity Hospital. Dr. Benfield had beenprofessor of surgery and chief of thoracicsurgery at Harbor General Hospital(UCLA). His contributions have been inthe field of lung transplantation. While atUCLA, he was recognized for his workDr. John R. Benfieldas a teacher of medical students andsurgeons and received the "Distin­guished Teacher Award" on several oc­casions.Marvin M. Schuster was promoted toprofessor of medicine at the Johns Hop­kins University School of Medicine andalso serves as chief of the gastrointesti­nal division of Baltimore City Hospital.Dr. Schuster also is assistant professorof psychiatry at Johns Hopkins.1956Richard E. Daniels continues as chair­man of the anesthesiology department atMemorial Hospital Medical Center inLong Beach, California. His son, Craig,who was born at Chicago Lying-inHospital, graduated from Stanford Uni­versity last June and is pursuing a careerin naval architecture.Jack P. Edelstein maintains a privatepractice of psychoanalysis andpsychiatry for children and adults in PaloAlto, California and has a part-time ap­pointment as a child psychiatrist at Stan­ford University Medical School.1957John B. Aycrigg was appointed directorof the Fort Logan Mental HealthCenter, the state psychiatric hospital forthe Denver metropolitan area.1959John R. Schafer was appointed clinicalinstructor of family practice at theSchool of Medicine, University ofCalifornia at Davis.1961Alliert W. Brownlee is chairman of thedepartment of pediatrics and a memberof the executive committee of St. Fran­cis Hospital in Tulsa, Oklahoma.1962Donald J. Tusel is interim director of thedepartment of psychiatry at San Fran­cisco Medical Center.1964David M. Dressler was promoted to as­sociate professor of psychiatry at theUniversity of Connecticut HealthCenter and elected a fellow of theAmerican Psychiatric Association.Richard T. Rada is associate professorand assistant chairman of the departmentof psychiatry at the University of NewMexico School of Medicine. He is alsodirector of undergraduate clinicalpsychiatry for medical students and chiefof psychiatry at the UNM CancerTreatment and Research Center.1965Barry D. Kahan was appointed professorof surgery, director of organ transplanta- tion, professor of biochemistry, and di­rector of the immunology division at theUniversity of Texas in Houston.1966Ronald H. Hirz, in addition to his part­time private practice of adult and childpsychiatry, is clinical instructor in thedivision of child psychiatry in the de­partment of psychiatry and human be­havior at the University of California,Irvine campus. Dr. Hirz is also a consul­tant to the Child Guidance Center ofOrange County and the Santa Ana ChildDevelopment Center and is a staffpsychiatrist at the Student Health Ser­vices at Santa Ana College.Daniel Rosenblum is in private practicein Maryland and is trying to develop ateaching program in internal medicinefor university house staff on rotation at asuburban hospital. He would welcomecomments from anyone who has had un­usual success in getting private prac­titioners to volunteer their time. His ad­dress is 3306 Kent Street, Kensington,MD 20795.1967Nada Logan Stotland continues to live inthe University of Chicago-Hyde Parkcommunity with her husband and fourdaughters. She is interested in thepsychology of childbearing and serveson the board of the American Society ofPsychoprophylaxis in Obstetrics. Shepresented a paper entitled "Why IChose Home Birth for My FourthBaby" at the International Society ofPsychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecol­ogy meeting on campus last year.1969Steven A. Armentrout is chief of the divi­sion of hematology/oncology in the de­partment of medicine at the Universityof California, Irvine Medical Center.George W. Kriebel, Jr. is a clinical as­sistant professor of psychiatry at BrownUniversity and consultant to the Healthand Counseling Centers at the U niver­sity of Rhode Island.Michael J. O'Neill completed his mili­tary service and a psychiatry residencyat the University of Wisconsin and isnow clinical director of the BrownCounty Mental Health Center in GreenBay, Wisconsin. Dr. O'Neill and hiswife, Pat, have a son, Sean, age 7 and adaughter, Katie, age 3.1970Michael Chojnacki completed threeyears of a psychiatry residency atColumbia- Presbyterian Medical Center,New York, and is now an assistant pro­fessor of psychiatry at the Medical Col­lege of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Roxane McKay passed the require­ments for and was elected a Fellow ofthe Royal College of Surgeons of En­gland. She is living in Seer Green,Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, En­gland.Reed C. Rasmussen completed a familypractice residency last summer and isnow a staff member in the family prac­tice clinic and education coordinator inthe family practice residency program atU.S. Air Force Medical Center, ScottAir Force Base, Illinois.1971Mark Batshaw is assistant professor inthe department of pediatrics at JohnsHopkins.Kenneth M. Begelman completed ageneral surgery residency at the Univer­sity of Florida in GainesviUe and is nowa fellow in cardiovascular and thoracicsurgery at the University of Wisconsin inMadison.Philip Gelber began a private practicein cardiology in New York City.Richard Heinrich is assistant professorand assistant chief of liaison-consultationin psychiatry, in the department ofpsychiatry at UCLA-Sepulveda VAHospital.1972Stan Bezek completed the family practiceprogram at the University of Coloradoand is working as a board-certified familypractitioner under the auspices of theNational Health Services Corporation,in Panguitch, Utah. Dr. Bezek and hiswife, Carrie, have one child, and expectanother shortly.Karyl G. Cole is completing a fellow­ship in psychiatry at Long Island JewishHillside Medical Center, where she is astaff psychiatrist. Dr. Cole also has aprivate practice in Roslyn, New York.Her twin sons Robert and Jason havestarted kindergarten.Louis L. Constan of Saginaw,Michigan is a board-certified familypractitioner and was recently elected aFellow of the American Academy ofFamily Physicians.Fred Corey completed his residency atMichael Reese Hospital in Chicago, andis now a board-certified internist on thehospital's staff. Dr. Corey and his wifehave infant twins.Jonathan Costa is a psychiatrist on thestaff at the National Institutes of Healthin Bethesda. He divides his time be­tween clinical activities and research onserotonin metabolism in platelets.A. Philip DePauw is completing a urol­ogy residency at the University of Mis­souri Columbia School of Medicine. Heand his wife have a 6-year-old son.35Allen Horwitz completed his training inpediatrics at the University of Californiain San Francisco and a two-year positionas a research associate at NIH. He hasreturned to the University of Chicago asan assistant professor in pediatrics and iscontinuing his research on the biochemi­cal bases of connective tissue diseases.Elliot M. Landaw completed his resi­dency in pediatrics at UCLA in 1975 andis now a doctoral candidate in the De­partment of Biomathematics. He also ismedical advisor for the UCLA Parent­Toddler group, and clinical attendingphysician at the Marion DaviesChildren's Clinic.Richard A. Oswald is a research as­sociate at R.S. Landauer, Jr., & Com­pany in Glenwood, Illinois.Steve Overholt is continuing his ENTresidency and next year will be chiefresident at Washington University, St.Louis. He and his wife, Connie, have aninfant daughter.Stephen Schabel is an assistant profes­sor in diagnostic radiology at the Medi­cal University of South Carolina inCharleston. Dr. Schabel passed theBoard examinations last June. He andhis wife, Nancy, have a son, Steve Jr..age 2.Branimir Sikic is completing threeyears of basic research in drugmetabolism at the National I nstitutes ofHealth, Bethesda.Jose Velazquez is engaged in the pri­vate practice of anesthesiology in Dun­edin, Florida, having completed histraining at the University of Miami. Dr.Velazquez is a Diplomate of the Ameri­can Board of Anesthesiology and a Fel­low of the American College of Anes­thesiology.Stephen and Mary Weinstein are at theUniversity of Iowa where Mary is com­pleting pediatric subspecialty training inneonatology and Steve is training inurology. Their daughter, Deborah, wasborn March 15, 1976.1973Kenneth Diddie finished his residency inophthalmology at the University ofChicago last June and is spending oneyear as a Heed Fellow at Billings.Richard Mier completed his residencyin pediatrics and is chief resident atChildren's Hospital in Washington,D.C., and plans to enter private practicein July. His wife, Rita, is in law school.David M. Ota of Houston, Texas re­ceived the 1976 Resident's ResearchAward of the Association of AcademicSurgery, and is the recipient of anAmerican Cancer Society Fellowshipfor 1977.36 Jean-Paul Pegeron completed his resi­dency in psychiatry last June at the Uni­versity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and isnow a part-time clinical instructor in thedepartment. He also maintains a privatepractice.Peter Reuman was recently appointedlecturer in community health at theUniversity of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.He completed his residency in pediatricsat the University of Chicago.Michael Silverman recently moved toDenver to begin a fellowship inrheumatology at the University of Col­orado.Stephen Spielberg is at NIH workingon biochemical genetics and will join theJohns Hopkins faculty this summer witha joint appointment in pediatrics andpharmacology. His wife, Laurel, isworking on a Ph.D. degree in publichealth at Johns Hopkins.Robert D. Toon is a third-year residentat Toronto General Hospital in Canada.Barry Wright is completing a third­year ophthalmology residency at the Al­bert Einstein College of Medicine,Montefiore Hospital and MedicalCenter, New York, and was appointedsenior administrative chief resident.1974Charles Eil completed two years of train­ing in internal medicine at the Universityof Michigan and currently has an endo­crinology fellowship at the National In­stitutes of Child Health and Human De­velopment. He writes to us that other1974 graduates at NIH are Steven Blauand David Crnic in the Surgery branch ofNCI, and Thomas Kubota in theMedicine branch of NCI.Theodore Z. Polley is a resident insurgery at the University of MichiganHospital, Ann Arbor.1975Eduardo S. Kneler has been named chiefof obstetrics and gynecology for a two­year term at Golden Valley Hospital,Golden Valley, Minnesota.1979Marc Dudnikov, a member of this class,was tragically killed on July 9, when theambulance in which he was riding wasstruck by a train at an unmarked railroadcrossing in Twisp, Washington. Marcwas working on an American MedicalStudent Association (AMSA) project atthe time of the accident. Members of hisclass have established the Marc Dud­nikov Memorial Fund. Contributions tothis fund should be sent to Dean JosephCeithaml, Ricketts Building, Room 20,5724 Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois60637. Former StaffRichard Albin (General Surgery, intern'67-'68; resident, '70-'71; Ph.D. '71) leftthe Air Force last summer and is now aresident in plastic surgery at the Univer­sity of Virginia, Charlottesville.Robert Auerbach (Dermatology, resi­dent, '59-'61) was promoted to associateprofessor of dermatology at the NewYork University Medical School.Robert S. Baltimore (Pediatrics,intern-resident, '68-'71) was appointedassistant professor of pediatrics,specializing in infectious diseases, at theYale School of Medicine.Yves W. Brans (Pediatrics, assistantprofessor, '74-'76) accepted a positionas assistant professor of pediatrics anddirector of nurseries at Robert B. GreenHospital, and acting director of the divi­sion of perinatology at the Texas HealthScience Center in San Antonio, Texas.Charles L. Coulter (Anatomy, faculty'69-'77) has joined the National Insti­tutes of Health's Division of ResearchFacilities and Resources as a health sci­entist administrator for the Bio­Technology Resources Program.Ruthmary K. Deuel (Pediatrics,intern-resident, '61-'62; assistant pro­fessbr , '71-'76) accepted a faculty posi­tion at Washington University School ofMedicine in St. Louis.Thomas F. Deuel (Medicine, intern­resident, '61-'62; assistant-associateprofessor, '71-'77) accepted an ap­pointment at the Jewish Hospital, de­partment of medicine, division ofhematology, in St. Louis.Donald A. Fischman (Biology­Anatomy, assistant-associate professor,'70-'76) accepted a faculty position inthe department of anatomy and cell biol­ogy at the State University of NewYork, Brooklyn.Erica Ford (Anesthesiology, faculty,'74-'76) accepted a position in the de­partment of anesthesiology at RushMedical School, Presbyterian-St. Luke'sHospital. Dr. Ford has been assistantprofessor in the department of anes­thesiology at the University of Chicago.Jerome K. Freedman (Ophthalmology,resident-faculty, '59-'63), in addition toa private practice, is president of his ownProfessional Corporation in NewHaven, Connecticut. Dr. Freedman isvice-president of the Connecticut StateMedical Society; chairman of the PeerReview Committee for ConnecticutArea II PSRO and member of the boardof trustees. He is a member ofConnecticut's Professional StandardsReview Council and a board member ofthe New Haven County Foundation forMedical Care. Dr. Freedman says,"Life can be very busy," and we agree.H. Close Hesseltine (Obstetrics, fac­ulty, '34-'64) was elected chairman ofthe board of directors at the first meetingof the American Retired Physicians As­sociation, which was held in Hamilton,Bermuda, November 17-23. Dr. HubertaM. Livingstone (General Surgery­Anesthesiology, '28-'52) was electedvice chairman of the board of directors.George Kroll (Cardiology, resident,'52-'56) is chairman of the department ofmedicine at Edgewater Hospital inChicago; professor of medicine, Univer­sity Health Sciences, and director of thedivision of general internal medicine,Chicago Medical School; and director ofthe medicine residency program atEdgewater Hospital.Aikaterini A. Kyriazis (Pathol­ogy-Obstetrics and Gynecology,resident-instructor, '68-'72; '75-'76) ac­cepted a position in the department ofpathology at the University of CincinnatiCollege of Medicine.J. Martin Lebowitz (Surgery-Urology,assistant professor, '71-'76) has openeda private practice in urology in Alexan­dria, Virginia.Malcolm Lesavoy (Surgery, intern­resident, '69-'74) is assistant professorat UCLA and chief of plastic and recon­structive surgery at Harbor GeneralHospital.Robert A. LeVine (Psychiatry, profes­sor, '73-'76) accepted a faculty positionat the Harvard University GraduateSchool of Education, Laboratory ofHuman Development.James V. Lustig (Pediatrics, intern­resident, '72-'76) is an assistant profes­sor of pediatrics at the Medical Collegeof Ohio at Toledo.Reuben Matalon (Pediatrics, resident­instructor-assistant professor, '62-'76)was appointed associate professor in thedepartment of pediatrics, division ofgenetics and metabolism, at the Abra­ham Lincoln School of Medicine of theUniversity of Illinois, Chicago.Rajamma Mathew (Pediatrics, re­search associate, instructor, '75-'76) ac­cepted a position as assistant professorof pediatric cardiology at Albert EinsteinCollege of Medicine, New York.Bernard E. Oppenheim (Radiology,resident-faculty, '64-'76) accepted a fac­ulty position at Indiana University in In­dianapolis.Robert G. Page (Medicine, faculty,'53-'68) is on leave of absence for 1977from the Medical College of Ohio. Hismailing address is RFD Londonderry,Virginia, 05148.Emily Jo-Ming Pang (Pediatrics,instructor-assistant professor, '66-'71) isan assistant professor and director of thesection of pediatric hematology- oncology at the Abraham LincolnSchool of Medicine of the University ofIllinois.Robert M. Peck (Medicine, intern­resident, '51-'52) has a private practice,with specialty in cardiology, inPasadena, California. In addition, he isassistant clinical professor of medicine atthe University of California at LosAngeles, and is director of Cardiac Re­habilitation at Harbor General Hospitalin Torrance.Leonard R. Proctor (Otolaryngology,resident-fellow, '56-'62; faculty, '70-'76)was appointed associate professor in thedepartment of otolaryngology at JohnsHopkins University and director of theneuro-otology clinic at Johns HopkinsHospital.Hernan M. Reyes (Pediatrics,assistant-associate professor, '74-'76)was appointed chairman of the divisionof pediatric surgery and surgeon-in-chiefat the Cook County Children's Hospital,and professor of surgery and chief of thedivision of pediatric surgery of the Abra­ham Lincoln School of Medicine of theUniversity of Illinois.Christian H. L. Rieger (Pediatrics,resident-assistant professor, '70-'76)was appointed assistant professor at theUniversity of Hanover, Germany.Mojmir Sonek (Obstetrics andGynecology, faculty, '68-'76) is as­sociate professor in the department ofobstetrics and gynecology at the U niver­sity of Wisconsin Hospital.Allen Stoolmiller (Pediatrics, assistantprofessor, '69-'76) accepted an ap­pointment as associate in biochemistryat the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Centerfor mental retardation and associate inneurology of the Harvard MedicalSchool.IIza Veith (Faculty, , 49-'64), professorand vice-chairman of the department ofthe history of health sciences at the Uni­versity of California, San Francisco, waspresented the "gold-headed cane" ofmedical and scholarly distinction by theKansas School of Medicine, where sheserved as visiting professor. Dr. Veithwill give the Emmet Bay Memorial Lec­ture at the University of Chicago inMay. Dr. Veith and coauthors Dr. LeongT. Tan ('58) and Margaret Tan ('58M.A., Chemistry) have written a sec­ond, enlarged edition of AcupunctureTherapy: Current Chinese Practice,Temple University Press.Robert M. Walter, Jr. (Medicine, resi­dent, '65-'68), assistant professor of in­ternal medicine in the section of endo­crinology at the University of California,Davis, received the 1976 award for ex­cellence in clinical teaching. John W. Weiss (Dermatology, resi­dent, '60-'63), chief of the section ofdermatology at Loyola University'sStritch School of Medicine, was recentlypromoted to clinical professor ofmedicine.Stephen L. Winter (Gastroenterology,resident, '72-'75) is assistant professorof medicine at the University of lIIinoisHospital.Joseph I. Wolfsdorf (Pediatrics, resi­dent, '75-'76) is a postdoctoral fellow inendocrinology at the New England Med­ical Center Hospital, Boston.Stephen H. Zinner (Medicine, intern­resident, '65-'67) was promoted to as­sociate professor of medicine at BrownUniversity, where he is head of infec­tious diseases in the section of medicine.Dr. Zinner also is head of the infectiousdisease section at the Roger WilliamsGeneral Hospital in Providence.Frederick P. Zuspan (Obstetrics andGynecology, faculty, '66--'74), professorand chairman in the department of ob­stetrics and gynecology at Ohio StateUniversity, Columbus, was presented analumni achievement award by OhioState University College of Medicine.Divisional Alumni NewsAlumni of the Division are invited toshare their news with us. The followingwas sent by alumni of the Department ofMicrobiology.MicrobiologyJennifer J. Alexander (Ph.D. '68) is as­sociated with the National Institute forVirology in Johannesburg, South Africa.She writes the following: "My researchprogram is based around the involve­ment of viruses with human cancers. Be­sides Burkitt's lymphoma, Africa has afew other 'epidemic' type cancers, e.g.liver cancer and cancer of theesophagus. We have established perma­nent cell lines from both tumor types andI am currently following the synthesis ofhepatitis B virus antigens, which ahepatoma cell line I established conve­niently produces 'constitutively' in fairlylarge quantities."Rex W. Allen (S.M. '47) provided thefollowing information: "I n 1948 the Ag­ricultural Research Service, USDA, andthe New Mexico Agricultural Experi­ment Station jointly established a veteri­nary parasitology laboratory on the NewMexico State University campus, and I37was appointed head of this laboratory, inwhich capacity I served until my retire­ment in 1973. In addition to directing theresearch, 1 acted as consultant for vet­erinary parasitology projects in India,Yugoslavia, Brazil, and Paraguay." In1970 Dr. Allen received a Ph.D. degreein veterinary science and zoology fromthe University of Wisconsin. He lives inLas Cruces, New Mexico.Steven L. Bachenheimer (Ph. D. '72) in1975 accepted an appointment as assis­tant professor in the department of bac­teriology and immunology, University ofNorth Carolina School of Medicine atChapel Hill. His research, supported bythe National Science Foundation, isconcerned with the transcription ofadenovirus DNA in productively in­fected and transformed cells.Dr. Merlin L. Cooper (M.S. '19) re­ceived his M.D. in 1927 from the Uni­versity of Cincinnati. Dr. Cooper hashad a rewarding career which combinedresearch and patient care. In 1966 he re­tired as emeritus associate professor inthe departments of bacteriology andpediatrics at the University of Cincin­nati, consulting pediatrician on the staffsof Children's Hospital and the GeneralHospital, and member of the honorarystaff of Good Samaritan Hospital.Donald V. Coscina (Ph.D. '71) holdsthe following appointments: associateprofessor in the department of psychol­ogy at the University of Toronto,Canada, and assistant professor ofpsychiatry in the School of Medicine andsenior research scientist in neurochemis­try at the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry.He was invited to present a paper enti­tIed" Brain Amines in HypothalmicObesity" at the First International Con­ference on Anorexia Nervosa, held lastNovember at the National Institutes ofHealth in Bethesda, Maryland. Thepaper will be published this year in abook of the proceedings, by RavenPress.N. Paul Hudson (Ph.D. '23) wrotefrom Jacksonville, Florida that he wasinterested that the department was prop­erly housed after being located in the"temporary" Ricketts' Laboratory since1917. Dr. Hudson received an M.D. de­gree from Harvard Medical School in1925.Joseph S. Ingraham (Ph.D. '50), pro­fessor of microbiology at Indiana U ni­versity School of Medicine, will be onsabbatical leave during 1977 at theLaboratoire dIrnmunologie of the Par­tun Institute in Paris.Howard M. Jenkin (Ph.D. '60) is aprofessor at the Hormel Institute of theUniversity of Minnesota. In a letter toDr. Bernard Strauss he suggested that an38 exchange of speakers between both in­stitutions might establish a closerscientific liaison, as there are many areasof common interest.Lloyd M. Kozloff (Ph.D. '43), profes­sor of microbiology at Colorado Schoolof Medicine, Denver, was appointed as­sociate dean for faculty affairs.Sherwood P. Miller (M.S. '47, M.D.'49), associate professor of Medicine atState University of New York, washappy to learn of the developments inthe department of microbiology andhopes to visit the medical school and theCummings Life Science Center.Aggrey Nyong'o (M .S. '73) willgraduate in May from the University ofMichigan Medical School and is plan­ning a residency in pathology.Margaret Pittman (Ph. D. '29), sinceretirement in 1971, has been a guestworker at the Division of BiologicsStandards, NIH, and its successor, theBureau of Biologics, FDA. She devotesher time to scientific writing and consul­tant work in the United States, Canada,and abroad. She is involved in consulta­tion work for the World Health Organi­zation on cholera vaccine in Cairo,Egypt and Madrid, Spain, and has been aguest scientist in the Netherlands andIran.Samuel H. Rubin (M.S. '57) is deanand vice-president for academic affairsat the New York Medical College.David W. Scott (M.S. '64), associateprofessor of immunology at Duke Uni­versity in North Carolina, wrote fromMelbourne, Australia, where he is onsabbatical leave at the Walter and ElizaHall Institute of Medical Research. Inhis letter he writes that the change inseasons, as well as the difference be­tween living in a large city versus livingin North Carolina, add to the flavor ofhis sabbatical.Robert M. Silverstein (Ph. D. '70) wasrecently appointed adjunct assistant pro­fessor of pathology at LoyolaUniversity'S Stritch School of Medicine.Since 1972 he has been involved in re­search at the Armour PharmaceuticalCompany, where he is studying the frac­tionation of plasma proteins for thetreatment of fibrinolytic and thromboticdisorders. As a result of his work he haspublished several papers on thepurification and assay of plasminogen,and has a patent for the isolation of thisprotein. Dr. Silverstein has establishedclose relations between the twolaboratories for evaluating new drugs fortreating disseminated intravascularcoagulation.Susan Spring (Ph.D. '68) is a researchbiologist at the National Institutes ofHealth in Bethesda, Maryland, and is a coauthor, with Alfred N isonoff et aI., ofThe Antibody Molecule, AcademicPress, New York, 1975.Oram C. Wool pert (Ph.D. '33, M.D.Rush '34) retired in 1963 and writes thathe lives in Columbus, Ohio. He waspleased to learn of the new facilities forthe department of microbiology, andwonders if a few ghosts of the past liveyet in Ricketts, which is still in use.1976 Medical AlumniFundThe 1976 Medical Alumni Fund has justcompleted another fund-raising year. Atotal of$274,520 was received from 1,522contributors.During the 1976 fund-raising year, al­most every class was represented by aclass chairman. Six classes achieved 50percent participation or better, andseven classes improved their participa­tion by at least ten percent. The Class of1972, chaired by Drs. Eric and LucilleLester, showed the greatest im­provement-participation rose from 13percent to 35 percent.A total of $91,207 was raised for gen­eral support of the school, compared to$121,535 last year. Gifts to student aidtotaled $50,859, compared to $82,689last year, and gifts to restricted fundsreached $132,454.Included in this report is a special giftfrom Dr. Catherine L. Dobson ('32) inthe amount of $50,771, for the CatherineL. Dobson Endowment Fund in the De­partment of Obstetrics and Gynecology.December gifts made through theAmerican Medical Association Educa­tion and Research Fund were not re­ceived in time to be included in this re­port for Medicine on the Midway. A de­tailed report will be mailed to each alumin the Spring with the honor roll of con­tributors. We thank all class chairmenwho helped in telephoning and writing toclass members, and all our donors whohelped to achieve our 1976 total.1935Dr. Vida B. WentzApartment 13-A5820 Stony Island A venueChicago, Illinois 606371936Dr. John P. FoxUniversity of WashingtonSchool of Public Health and CommunityMedicineDepartment of Epidemiology and Inter-national HealthSeattle, Washington 981951937Dr. Eli L. BorkonDoctors Memorial Hospital404 West Main StreetCarbondale, Illinois 629011939Dr. Leon O. JacobsonThe Franklin McLean Memorial Re-search InstituteThe University of Chicago950 East 59th StreetChicago, Illinois 606371943 (Class of March)Dr. Charles P. McCartney12412 South 74th AvenuePost Office Box 605Palos Heights, Illinois 604631943 (Class of December)Dr. W. E. FroemmingTeletype Corporation5555 Touhy A venueSkokie, Illinois 600761944Dr. Charles W. SchlageterPsychiatric Associates, S.C.Suite 1100-1117707 North Fairbanks CourtChicago, Illinois 606111945Dr. Stewart F. Taylor116 E. Pleasant StreetPortage, Wisconsin 539011946Dr. Edward R. Munnell8601 North GeorgiaOklahoma City, Oklahoma 731141947Dr. Henry De Leeuw4090 Highgate RoadMuskegon, Michigan 494411948Dr. Asher J. FinkelAmerican Medical AssociationScientific Affairs Continuing MedicalStudies535 North Dearborn StreetChicago, Illinois 606101949Dr. Mary D. Carroll Class Chairmen124 N. Main StreetCrown Point, Indiana 463071950Dr. Abbie R. Lukens87th and County Line RoadHinsdale, Illinois 605211951Dr. Arnold L. Tanis925 No. Northlake DriveHollywood, Florida 330191952Dr. Benjamin H. SpargoThe University of ChicagoDepartment of Pathology950 East 59th StreetChicago, Illinois 606371953Dr. Frank W. FitchThe University of ChicagoDepartment of Pathology950 East 59th StreetChicago, Illinois 606371954Dr. Dorothy WindhorstHoffmann-La Roche Inc.Research DivisionNutley, New Jersey 071101955Dr. Sumner C. KraftThe University of ChicagoDepartment of Medicine950 East 59th StreetChicago, Illinois 606371956Dr. Walter B. Edibo3201 Wauwatosa DriveDes Moines, Iowa 503151957Dr. Francis H. Straus, IIThe University of ChicagoDepartment of Pathology950 East 59th StreetChicago, Illinois 606371958Dr. Gerald Paul Herman8224 Mentor A venueMentor, Ohio 440601959Dr. E. H. Given149 E. Palm Lane Dr.Redlands, California 923731960Dr. Randolph W. SeedGrant Hospital551 West Grant PlaceChicago, Illinois 606141961Dr. Roger W. Becklund1224 Metropolitan Medical Office Bldg.825 South Eighth StreetMinneapolis, Minnesota 55404 1962Dr. Joseph M. BaronThe University of ChicagoDepartment of Medicine950 East 59th StreetChicago, Illinois 606371963Dr. Rostik Zajtchuk, LTC, MCThoracic Surgery ServiceFitzsimons Army Medical CenterDenver, Colorado 802401964Dr. Daniel PaloyanThe University of ChicagoDepartment of Surgery950 East 59th StreetChicago, Illinois 606371966Dr. Julian J. RimpilaSuite 406, Lake Point Tower505 North Lake Shore DriveChicago, Illinois 606111967Dr. Andrew J. Griffin2520 N. Lakeview A venueChicago, Illinois 606141968Dr. Burr EichelmanVeterans Administration Hospital2500 Overlook TerraceMadison, Wisconsin 537051969Dr. Andrew J. AronsonThe University of ChicagoLa Rabida-University of Chicago Insti­tuteLa Rabida Children's Hospital and Re­search CenterEast 65th Street at Lake MichiganChicago, Illinois 606491972Drs. Eric and Lucy LesterThe University of ChicagoDepartment of Medicine/PediatricsChicago, Illinois 606371973Dr. Richard F. GaekeThe University of ChicagoDepartment of MedicineChicago, Illinois 606371974Drs. John and Pamela GallagherApartment 15-A435 East 70th StreetNew York, New York 100211976Dr. David HallDepartment of PediatricsJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimore, Maryland 21205Medicine on the MidwayThe University of ChicagoThe Medical Alumni AssociationThe Pritzker School of Medicine1025 East 57th StreetChicago, Illinois 60637 NON·PROFIT ORG.U.S. POST AGEPAIDPERMIT NO. 9666CHICAGO. ILL.•Address corrections requestedreturned postage guaranteedDo you have an address change or news for Medicine on the Midway?Please include graduation year and business and home addresses.Nought endures but change-Ludwig BoerneN ew add ress?New Position?New medical practice?civic or professional honor?other news?