SC f-� 00 lVolume 8 C H j C A '6·0SPRING 1952 Number 3ARCHITECTS' DREAM AND THE ARCHiTECTSThe medical buildings and hospitalsof the University of Chicago have beenconstructed very much in the way inwhich they were visualized in this draw­ing of 1925. And the medical school hasdeveloped in the pattern that was laiddown for it by the men who planned it,of whom those pictured above arc lead­ers still on our faculty.Franklin C. McLean had already hada brilliant career in China as director ofPeking Union Medical College when hecame here in the early twenties. Al­though many played active roles in theestablishment of this new school, thereis no doubt that Dr. McLean made thegreatest single contribution.Walter Palmer came as Douglas Smith Fellow and assistant professor ofmedicine.Paul Cannon had been a member ofthe pathology faculty for many yearsbefore The Clinics were established.Emmet Bay came here as assistantclinical professor of medicine and wasthe first person to practice medicine atThe Cfillies-in the summer of 192i. be­fore they were officially opened.Charles Huggins was Douglas Smithinstructor in surgery in 1927.Paul Hodges helped Dr. McLeanbring modern medicine to China beforehe joined the new medical school on theMidway.C. Phillip Miller felt impelled to leave the Hospital of the RockefellerInstitute to join our medical faculty.Lester Dragsrcdr was head of physi­ology at Northwestern University whenDr. Phemister persuaded him to directhis talents to surgery and become a partof this new educational venture.In 1927 there were also such others:IS Phemister, Brown, Robertson. Becker,Leiter, Wells. and Bloch. and very soonafterward, Lindsay. Humphreys, Wil­liam Adams, Bailey, Livingstone, andBrunschwig. And many physicians, notdirectly associated with the staff, partic­ularly Joseph Capps, Joseph L. Miller,and Walter Hamburger, were untiringin their assistance in the formativeyears.2 1\'1 E DIe A L A L U M NIB U L LET I NOUARTER-CENTURY OF MEDICINE ON MIDWAY,._illJL_._ . _( 4 S T e i!_" 5 T A: [ £ T ;-J1952 arcbit ects' drauin g sbo uing tbe location 0/ the new hospitals recently com­pleted and in process 0/ construction,Twenty-five years ago the Universitystarted a new kind of medical schoolbased on three new ideas: the insti tutionof a full-time medical faculty, the in­tegration of the clinical areas with basicresearch in the biological sciences, andapprentice teaching.The staff of this school is engaged ex­clusively in medical care, teaching, andresearch. Other schools have discoveredthe advantages of such a system, butThe Clinics today remain the only medi­cal school conducting such a program ona full-time basis.The close working arrangements be­tween the medical school and the basicsciences have made possible such con­tributions to medical science as the pres­ent cancer research program, which in­volves basic research in such diversefields as botany, anatomy, biochemistry,nuclear physics, and surgery.Our medical school classes are keptsmall-a maximum of seventy-two stu­dents is admitted out of approximatelytwo thousand applicants. In their lasttwo years students are encouraged toconduct research, under the supervisionof medical school faculty (the papersto be presented at the Senior ScientificSession which appear on pp. 3-5 are theresults of such work). And educationfor these students does not end with thefour-year medical course. The programis designed not only to produce qualifiedpractitioners; it stresses education whichtrains teachers and research scientists.This is the way the school was de­signed, and this is the way it is. Butback of the designs were more than twen­ty-five years of thinking and planning.In 1898 William Rainey Harper effectedan affiliation with Rush Medical College whereby preclinical instruction was givenat the University of Chicago and thefinal two clinical years were given atRush. But Harper and Abraham Flex­ncr were thinking about a completemedical school on the Quadrangles. In1916 the General Education Board andthe Rockefeller Foundation eachpledged a million dollars for its endow­ment on condition that an equal amountcould be raised locally. In a very shorttime Dr. Frank Billings, with his friends,was able to make the grand total fivemillion. The first World War caused atemporary delay, but in 1927 the dreambecame a reality, and since 1941 allmedical education at the University ofChicago has been at the UniversityClinics.The present medical endowment atthe University is about $23,000,000. Thevalue of the existing plant and facilitiesis about $75,000,000. In recent yearsparticularly the expansion has been ac­celerated. For example, since 1946, morethan $12,000,000 in new construction hasbeen undertaken, and most of it is nowcompleted. The new facilities includethe Argonne Cancer Research Hospital,constructed by the Atomic Energy Com­mission, which will be primarily devotedto the investigation of cancer and relateddiseases. The Charles Gilman SmithMemorial Hospital will be utilized forthe study and care of patients with in­fectious and heart diseases. The newWest Wing will be used for additionalbeds in medicine and surgery. Thesethree hospitals will bring the potentialcapacity of the hospitals up to 750.There are now six functioning hos­pitals: Albert Merritt Billings Hospitalfor general medicine; Bobs Roberts,·w·· Memorial Hospital for children; Chi­cago Lying-in Hospit al ; two closely af­filiated hospitals for orthopedics, theGertrude Dunn Hicks and the NancyAdele McElwce Memorials; and theNat han Goldhlat! Memorial Hospitalfor Cancer Research.The twenty-fifth anniversary comes ata period of the University's greatest ex­pansion. It marks only a step in thedevelopment of a great university ratherthan a completed cycle.THE PROGRAM FOR THE CELEBRATIONPlans for the two-day celebration ofthe twenty-fifth anniversary are nowwell advanced. Dr. Paul C. Hodges,who is head of the Committee on Ar­rangements, has released the followingprogram:On Thursday evening, October 2, at8:00 P.M. in Mandel Hall, the firstPhemister Lectures will provide an ap­propriate curtain-raiser for the celebra­tion. Dr. Evarts Graham, Bixby Profes­sor Emeritus of Surgery at WashingtonUniversity, St. Louis; Dr. Alfred Bla­lock, professor of surgery and directorof the department at Johns Hopkins;and Dr. Vernon David, professor ofsurgery at the University of Illinois,will appear on the program.On Friday morning, October 3, therewill be a special convocation at Rocke­feller Memorial Chapel. Dr. FranklinDavid Murphy, chancellor of the uni­versity of Kansas, will be the convo­cation speaker. Honorary degrees willbe awarded.A symposium, planned for Fridayafternoon, is entitled, "Medical Science:An Inventory." There will be four speak­ers: Dr. Franklin C. McLean, on "TheNatural History of an Idea"; Dr. Wil­liam S. Middleton, dean of the Schoolof Medicine at the University of Wis­consin, on "The Advance of ClinicalInvestigation"; Dr. Leonard A. Scheele,Surgeon General of the United StatesPublic Health Service, on "Clinical In­vestigation in the Field of PublicHealth"; and Dr. Allen O. \\·hipple. on"Clinical Investigation and Surgery."The banquet, a subscription affair, willbe held on Friday evening. The speakerwill be announced later.On Saturday morning Dr. WrightAdams has planned a scientific programwith a panel of eight men, all medicalalumni. to speak on a variety of sub­jects. This will be followed by an in­formal luncheon in Billings Cafeteria towhich all alumni, faculty, and visitorsare invited to come.Programs will be sent to you early inthe summer, and we hope that many of(Contillued 011 page 17),oMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 3SENIOR SCIENTIFIC SESSIONFactors Influencing Erythrocytep32 UptakeBy AL\'A:-< R. FEIl\'STEIN andELSA LEITER GORDO",When red blood cells arc incubatedin vitro with tracer quantities of p;l�(as sodium phosphate), a certain frac­tion of the radioactive material is foundto have been removed from the solutionand incorporated into the cells. The per­centage of pa� uptake is directly influ­enced by such extrinsic factors as (1)length of time, temperature, and mediumin which erythrocytes are preserved priorto p:i� incubation and (2 1 length oftime. temperature. and mixing of thesolution during p:l� incubation. Whenthe above factors are held constant, theintrinsic factors which afiect p:l� uptakeare, the concentration of p:i� and theconcentration of erythrocytes in the redcell suspension, in accordance with thefollowing experimentally establishedequation:U=(Kr)(D)(VJ)(�) (1)In this equation U is the uptake inthe red cell mass. D is the dose of p:i�added, V ( is the final volume of the redcell mass, VI is the total volume of thered cell suspension, and K; is a propor­tionality constant. The K,. term may be .considered to represent the specific af­finitv of the red cells for p:l� and is avalid index to use in assessing p:12 uptakeof erythrocytes. From equation (1) wederive thatXi' = (�) (�;) (2)where the symbols are used as notedabove. In its simplest form, that is,when whole blood is the erythrocytesuspension used, equation (2) states thatthe specific affinity of the red cells forp:i:.! is equal. all other factors being con­stant, to the percentage uptake of p:12in the red cell mass, (U ID), multipliedby the inverse hematocrit, 0',/1' ,l.Utilizing the calculated K, to repre­sent the specific affinity of the red cellsfor p:12. and thus as an index forp:12 uptake, we have made the followingpreliminary observations: (1) Refrig­erated whole blood preserves K; whenleft standing for periods of time up to28 hours. Beyond this time K, begins tofall to 80 per cent of its initial value at52 hours, and at 76 hours, to 67 percent of its initial value. (2) K, is 20-60per cent lower when the erythrocyte pa:.!incubation mixture is not regularlyshaken and the erythrocytes are allowedto sediment. during incubation periodslasting less than 5 hours. In long periods of incubation (over 20 hours), when reg­ular mixing W:lS not feasible and nomixing was attempted, K; W:lS dependentmainly upon the temporal effects of in­cubation upon the red cells. (3) Whenwhole blood is incubated with P:J2 forbrief periods of time (less than 8 hours),K r gradually rises and then levels offasymptotically. The leveling-off beginsat about 2 hours. (4) The usual reactioneffects of temperature (i.e., higher Kcwith higher temperature) have teennoted here in the range from 5° to 37°.Studies were then made of changeseffected in K; by (1) various clinicaldisease conditions, (2) irradiation of theerythrocytes in vitro, and (3) tempera­ture and media in which erythrocytesare preserved. For these experiments theincubation with pa:.! was done at a fixedtime of either 1 or 2 hours, with regularshaking, and at a fixed temperature of37°. The following results were noted:1. Over a wide range of clinical dis­eases including several with hemolyticphenomena, K; remains essentially un­changed from the values simultaneouslyfound in normal individuals.2. X-ray doses of 20,000-100,000 rhave failed to alter the K; of red cellssuspended in plasma (as whole blood)or in saline. The K,. was tested at dif­ferent time intervals following irradi­ation, thus allowing the expected post­irradiation hemolysis of some red cellsto occur. In such hemolyzed solutions.however, the surviving cells preservedthe same specific affinity for p:12 as thenonirradiated cells. This suggests thatthe circulating erythrocytes may be di­vided into two types, one fraction beingquite resistant to radiation and thesmaller one being easily hemolyzed.3. Erythrocytes were preserved insaline media with glucose added in con­centrations varying from 0 to 1500 mg.per cen t for long periods of time (over24 hours) and at three different temper­atures. The following observations weremade: (a) At 37° K; is very low at con­centrations of glucose below 500 mg.per cent, rises to its usual value at about500 mg. per cent, and remains at thatlevel for all higher glucose concentra­tions. (b) At room temperature, thevalue is grossly low when no glucose is inthe saline but is normal in all mediacontaining glucose in concentrationsgreater than 25 mg. per cent. (c) At5° C. K,. is one and a half times greaterthan normal with no or low glucose con­centrations, then gradually falls linearlyto normal value in the solution contain­ing 1500 mg. per cent glucose. Kidney Changes with PotassiumDeficiency in the RatBy B. SPARGOA potassium-deficient diet has beenshown consistently to cause degenerativelesions in the rat heart, but the changesin the kidney have not been uniform.Renal hypertrophy and hyperplasia havebeen found by some workers and a widerange of changes from normal kidneysto necrotizing nephrosis have been de­scribed by others.In this study depleted rats were force­fed on an amino acid diet in which thepotassium of the salt mixture was re­placed by sodium for the test animals.Two test animals and one control weresacrificed every other day from thefourth to the sixteenth day. The animalswere kept in metabolism cages, andchanges in the urine and blood werefollowed.Animals in the test group developed analkalosis which increased with continuedpotassium deficiency. They had distendedabdomens, marked muscular weakness,and shallow respiration.The kidneys more than doubled inweight without change in the percentagecomposition. Microscopically the hyper­plasia was most marked in the distaland collecting tubules. There was anincrease in the size of the tubular lumenand oi the tubular cells. There was alsoan increase in the number of mitoticligures and in the number of nuclei.Calcium casts were present in the col­lecting tubules. There was hydropicchange of the tubules and hyaline-dropletchange in the collecting tubules nearthe papillae. The alkaline-phosphatasecontent of the kidney fell. but there wasno change in the acid phosphatase oresterase.Heart lesions characteristic of po­tassium deficiencv were found on thesixth day and we;e present in every ani­mal sacrificed after this. The adrenalsand pituitary showed no change.Since these animals on an amino aciddiet gained weight equally well with orwithout potassium and since there wasno change in the percentage compositionof the carcasses, they appeared to havesynthesized protein in the presence ofsevere enough potassium deficiency toproduce severe myocardial lesions.There was a change in the ability ofthe potassium-deficient animals to handlewater. Continued deficiency caused de­creased excretion of sodium in the pres­ence of sustained intake. This, pluselevated blood nonprotein nitrogen lev­els, suggested impaired renal function inMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINspite of the marked hyperplasia of thedistal and collecting tubules withoutmuch disturbance of the glomeruli andproximal convoluted tubules.The mechanism of the production ofalkalosis in potassium deticiency is notknown, but this work suggests that itis on a renal basis and that sodium playsan important role.The Metabolism of the Hearl:A Comparative StudyBy \V ARRE� P. SIGHTS. The investigation of the aerobic andanaerobic metabolism of the hearts ofanimals representative of those phylain which there are well-developed heartswith the exception of the Annelida wasundertaken, observing the diifcrencesunder diiierent conditions of tempera­ture, ionic concentration, O� saturation,and various substrates of the Krebstricarboxylic acid cycle. Where possible,subsequent analyses of the substrateconcentration in the supernatant solu­tion were made to determine the amountof utilization of the substrate by thetissue slices. The test animals used were:Mollusca (the squid, Loligov, Arthro­poda (the king crab, Limulus, and thespider crab), and Corda ta (the dogfishshark, scup, frog, pigeon, beef, rat, andhuman ietus ) , .In those animals where the ionic con­centration of the blood is similar to seawater (squid, dogfish. scup, and Linin­Ills) the Q,,� in the presence of glucoseWJS increased from 50 to 300 per centby buffered mammalian Ringer's solu­tion as a suspending medium rather thanbufiered sea water, buffered artificial seawater, or buffered Ringer's appropriateto the species.The heart is extremely sensitive tololl' oxygen pressure, as the respirationdecreased appreciably in air and whenthe slices were not kept in oxygen­saturated Ringer.In anaerobic glycolysis the humanfetus (about 20 weeks) had the highestvalue (12.0 }.LI/mg dry wt/hr); thespider crab and frog had values of about7.0; and the Limulus, dogfish, squid,scup, and rat averaged about 4.0. In thecase of Limulus and the dogfish theproduction of lactic acid was measuredand found to be about 40 per cent of theexpected value as calculated from theCO� produced. The Q,,� was markedlydecreased by small concentrations(0.001 M) of fluoride and iodoacteate.Aerobically the Q,,� was increased invarying amounts according to the sub­strate used but in comparable degreebetween phyla except in the case ofcitrate, where there is very slight in­crease (9 per cent) in the Q,,� in thehuman fetus, with increases of 12 percent in the rat, 40 per cent in the dog­fish, 62 per cent in Limulus, 150 percent in the spider crab, and 210 per cent in the squid, respectively. In gen­eral with regard to citrate, the moreprimitive phylogenetically the heart, theless rigid is the control of its enzymaticsystems and the less primitive it is themore conservative of substrate it be­comes. This is also observed in the caseof acetate but not so markedly. In allcases, the intermediates of the Krebs'cycle, pyruvate, acetate, citrate, a-keto­g-lutarate, and succinate in concentrationsof 0.01 M', brought about an increasedQ,,� and comparable utilization of pyru­vate, acetate, citrate, and a-keto glutar­ate were observed. In the dogfish, Limu­Ius, and in the squid the addition ofacetate and oxaloacetate led to synthesisof citric acid, again much more so inthe squid than in the otherTerms. Addi­tion of malonate in the dogfish (theonly animals tested) inhibited 99 percent utilization of citric acid and theO� uptake.From this it would seem that theKrebs' cycle is present in all heartsfrom the phylogenetically most primitiveup to the human heart. The high Q(.,,�of the human fetal heart is in agreementwith previous observations that much ofthe energy in the mammalian fetus isderived from glycolysis and does notnecessarilv indicate that such is true ofthe adult 'human heart. Perhaps with in­creasing complexity of the heart, con­trolling mechanisms have been intro­duced which limit oxidative metabolismand hence limit energy transformationto desired levels with resultant conserva­tion of available substrates.An Effect of ParathyroidExtract on the GroundSubstance of SkinBy J. R. BLOOMFIELD andKENNETH HAYESParathyroid glands transplanted ad­jacent to certain bones cause a localresorption of bone. Parathyroid extractsimilarly causes a bone resorption, withmobilization of calcium and evidence ofsolution of the matrix of bone includingground substance. The latter two proc­esses were interpreted as being associ­ated with a depolymerization of groundsubstance of bone. The question arose,then, whether the action of parathyroidextract was directed specifically towardthe ground substance of bone or whetherthe gland extract acted on ground sub­stance generally throughout the body.The spreading action was used in anattempt to demonstrate the possibleeffect of parathyroid extract on groundsubstance of skin and subcutaneous con­nective tissue. Parathyroid extract mixedwith Evans blue was injected intrader­mallv in the abdominal skin of male rab­bits.- An intradermal injection of normalsaline mixed with Evans blue was usedas a control in each animal. Three hoursafter the injections the rabbits were killed. The skin was excised and preparedfor a measure of the area and thicknessof spread. Treating the data in thesimplest way, and calculating the volumeof spread of the dye under various con­ditions, the following observations weremade. Parathyroid extract was found toresult in a significant spread as comparedwith saline. When the parathyroid ex­tract was inactivated no such spreadoccurred. No or doubtful spreading oc­curred when homogenate of fresh beefglands was used. Intermediate stages inthe preparation of the extract weretested and resulted in different degreesof spreading.Additional preparations were com­pared with saline in their spreadingaction to test the adequacy of themethod and to obtain further infor­mation on the mode of action of con­nective tissues by parathyroid extract.These included: a filtrate of the para­thyroid gland hydrolysate devoid of theactive principle, muscle homogenate, tes­tis hydrolysate, testis and muscle extractsprepared as for the extraction of theparathyroid principle, pepsin digest oftestis extract. "purified" hyaluronidase,and "purified" collagenase.Intravenous administration of calciumcompletely prevented the local action ofparathyroid extract. Intravenous oxalatehad no constant effect but tended toreduce the spread.Histologic studies of the skin at thesite of the intradermal injections ofparathyroid extract showed changes ofthe kind which have been interpreted byothers as associated with a depolymeri­zation of ground substance.Quantitative Comparison ofAnti-rat Kidney Antisera Ob­tained by Various Immu­nization ProceduresBy Toxr JOH:,\SO:\", SYLVA:\" RAPHAEL,and HARRY \\'ILLIA:llSIn the past. anti-organ antisera havebeen obtained empirically by variousimmunization procedures. To our knowl­edge, this experiment is the first quanti­tative comparison of antisera potencyobtained by various preparations androutes of administration of rat kidneyantigen.Six groups of five rabbits each weresubjected to immunization utilizingequal amounts of antigen over the sameperiod of time. Antigen consisted of per­fused rat kidneys, quick frozen aftersterile extirpation, lyopholized, andstored in vacuum at -200 C. The im­munization procedures were as follows:Group I.-Multiple intraperitoneal injec­tions of partially autolyzed sterile rat kid­ney (Smadcl's method).Group ll.-Multiple intraperitoneal in­jections of sterile rat kidney mixed withincreasing quantities of staphylococcus tox­in (Schwcntker's method).MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 5Grollp llf.-Multiple intramuscular de­pot injections of rat kidney mixed withaluminum hydroxide and autolyzed for 48hours at room temperature prior to injec­tion (Hcktocn and Welker's method).Grou p 1l'.-l\lultiplc intramuscular de­pot injections of rat kidney mixed withFreund's adjuvant, containing aquaphor,paraffin oil, and killed tubercle bacilli(Freund's method).Group l'.-l\fultiple portal method con­sisting of intravenous, intramuscular, in­tradcrrnal, and subcutaneous injections ofautolyzed rat kidney.Group lIf.-Multiple portal method con­sisting' of intravenous, intramuscular, in­traperitoneal, intradermal, and subcutane­ous injections of freshly reconstituted ratkidney.Injections were given three timesweekly on consecutive days to each ani­mal during weeks 1-3,5-7, and 9-11 ofthe experiment. No injections were givenduring weeks 4, 8,12, 13, and 14. Duringthese intervals serum samples were ob­tained from all injected animals andfrom an additional group of five controlrabbits. Antibody was measured byquantitative complement-fixation to a SOper cent hemolysis end-point. Opticaldensities were determined by means of aKlett colorimeter.Group averages expressed as 50 percent units of complement fi.xed by 0.5ml. of a 1: 10 dilution of antiserum wereas follows:WEEKSGROUP :'\U"BER 4 8 12 13I. ......... 2.5 2.4 2.S 2.5II .......... 2.8 3.5 2.1 2.9III .......... 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4IV .......... 3.8 2.5 2.8 2.8V .......... 7.2 4.8 3.1 2.7VI .......... 6.3 5.5 3.1 3.9VII (control) . 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.01. No signifi.cant rise in antisera po­tency was observed after the fourthweek.2. Antisera were substantially identi­cal by the twelfth week regardless ofimmunization procedure.3. Multiple portal injection proved tobe the most effective immunizationmethod, resulting at 4 weeks in antiseraof more than twice the strength of thoseproduced by most other methods tested.4. Partial autolysis of the antigen hadno significant influence on antiserumpotency.Histological Effects of Long­continued Whole-Body Gamma­Irradiation of MiceBy B. SPARGO, J. R. BLOOMFIELD, D. J.GLOTZER, E. LEITER GORDON,and O. NICHOLSLong-continued exposure of laboratoryanimals to gamma radiation over theentire life-span leads to injuries, manyof them irreversible. The ultimateshortening of life depends upon the dailydose rate to which the animals are ex­posed. Under certain experimental con- ditions the predominant injury may con­sist of a lethal pancytopenia in onespecies and, in other species, lethalt umor induction. In addition, in allspecies "premature ngiru;" may result.Several species of. mammals were ex­posed daily to small doses of externalgamma rays. The experiments werestarted at the beginning of maturity andcontinued for the remainder of the life­span of the animals, which were killedonly when moribund. This terminal con­dition was usually preceded by the sud­den onset of progressive loss of weightor tumor formation, which was grosslyevident. The data so obtained gave onlyterminal conditions.To study progressive stages in thedevelopment of such changes, the ex­periments reported here were carriedout. In these experiments mice wereexposed daily to one of three dose ratesand then were sacrifi.ced at intervals of2 months.Chronic effects of repeated low dosesof external gamma radiation on LAFImice were observed at three dose levels.The experimental animals, half male andhalf female, were divided into fourgroups: (1) untreated controls; (2) 1.1r daily (S hours); (3) 4.4 r daily (8hours); and (4) 8.8 r daily (8 hours).In each group four males and four fe­males were killed at bimonthly intervalsfrom 2 to 16 months.After 1.1 r daily (S hours), only theovary and thymus gland showed changesdue to the irradiation. From 6 monthson, primitive ova decreased more thanin controls, with resulting changes inovarian structure, and in the thymusgland an increase in mast cells and adecrease in lymphocytes began at 10months.After 4.4 r daily (S hours), changesin the ovary and thymus gland occurredearlier and were more severe, and thetestis, spleen, and bone marrow werealso affected. Degenerative changes inthe testis were slight until 10 months,increasing progressively at later inter­vals. Increase in mast cells began at 8months in the thymus gland and spleenand at 10 months in the bone marrow.The hematopoietic organs, with the ex­ception of the lymph nodes, underwentprogressive depletion, and at later inter­vals erythropoiesis increased in thespleen.After 8.S r daily (8 hours) the mesen­teric lymph node was also susceptible toradiation injury, beginning at 10 months,in contrast to the response in the otherhematopoietic organs, in which cellulardepletion began much earlier. An in­crease III mast cells in the thymus gland,spleen, and bone marrow began earlierthan in the mice exposed to 4.4 r daily(8 hours). Increased erythropoiesis inthe spleen appeared at 6 months, incontrast to 14 months in the 4.4 rseries. The proportion of white pulp of the spleen also increased progressively.III 1>1)IlC marrow a shift toward moreimmat ure cells was detectable at 8months.Depletion of spermatogenesis wasmarked 2 months after irradiation, aswere regressive changes in the ovary.Attempts at regeneration in the testisat 14 and 16 months were suggested byan increase in stem cells, but there wasno evidence of new formation of ova.No explanation is offered for thegreat increase in the number of mastcells, which showed a good correlationwith rate and size of dosage. Mast cellswere decreased where lymphoma in­volved the thymus gland, spleen, or bonemarrow.Incidence of leukemia and of tumorswas accelerated. as a result of irradiation;it increased with the rate and time ofexposure.The peripheral blood showed mildanemia and definite lymphopenia in thelater stages with 8.8 r daily.The lowest dose used in these experi­ments (1.1 r daily [8 hours ] ) is clearlyabove the tolerance level of mice ifcontinued for a sufficiently long time.Studies on the Urinary Excre­tion of 17-Hydroxy-ll-Dehy­dro-corticosterone ( Cortisone)and 17-Hydroxycorticosterone(Kendall's Compound F)By ANDREW E. LORINCZ andR. SALLY BOGOLUBAlthough the theoretical importanceof specifi.c urinary indexes of adrenalcortical function has long been recog­nized, attempts to characterize excretedhormones and their end products havefailed because of the absence of ade­quate methods. Following the recentpublications by Burton, Zaffaroni, et al.,in which a method of paper chromatog­raphy that allows for the qualitativeseparation of pure corticoids was de­scribed, we have been able to isolatesuch specifi.c substances both from mix­tures of the pure steroids and from hu­man urine. Combining this with thephenylhydrazine color reaction, specif­ic for 17-hydroxylation of the corti­coids, the quantitative recovery of suchchrornatographed steroids has beendemonstrated.The extraction of these steroids wasaccomplished in most cases by continu­ous ether extraction of human urinewhich was previously incubated withglucuronidase at pH 5.0 to liberate thesteroid from its conjugated form. Thisenzymatic hydrolysis circumvents thedestructive strong acid hydrolysis pre­viously employed. Following evaporationof the ether, thorough washing of thischloroform-dissolved extract with solu­tions of 0.1 N NaOH, 0.1 N HCl, and(Continued on page 11)6 !'.l ED I CAL A L U fvl NIB U L LET INT 11 E SENIORr . "ft BARDOLPH, JACKBorn Aug. 9, 1923; U. of Chicago, S.B., Ph.B.,1948; Inlern: Bloductt Mem. H., Grand Rapids,Mich.; General surgery; Married; One son; 236 W.ll'ilh St., Holland, Mich.BAUM, RICHARD N.Born May 31, 1925;·U. of Wisconsin, S.B., 1948;Inlern: Los Angeles County H.; Married; 5101 N,Lake Dr., Milwaukee, Wis.BENEDEK, THOMAS G.Born June 16, 1926; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1947;Inlern: U. of Illinois Res. & Educ. H., Chicazo ; In­ternal medicine; Married; 1128 E. 54th Pl., Chi­cago 15.BLOOMFIELD, JOSEPH ROBERTBorn Jan. 21, 1924; U. of California at Los An­geles, A.B., 1948; Intern: Vancouver Gen. H., B.C.;Internal medicine and psychiatry; Married; 1156 E.56lh St., Chicago 37.BOGOLUB, R. SALLYBorn Feb. 9, 1927; U. of Illinois, A.B., 1946; U. ofChicago, M.S., 1948; Intern: Billings H.; Internalmedicine; Married; 5460 University Ave., Chi­cago 15.CHAPMAN, WARREN H.Born Oct. 30, 1925; M.LT., B.S., 1946; Intern:St. Luke's, Chicago; Urology; Married; One child;1306 Wood Avc., Colorado Springs, Colo .. CLABAUGH, GEORGE F.Born Dcc. 23, 1919; Dartmouth, A.B., 1941; In­tern: Indiana U. Med. Center; Internal medicine;Unmarried; 5473 Greenwood Ave., Chicago 15.CORBUS, HOWARD F.Born Mar. 14, 1923; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1949;Intern: New York H.; Internal medicine; Married;Two children; Route 7, Kalamazoo, Mich.CRYST, SYDENHAMBorn Jan. 28, 1924; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948;Intern: U. of Michigan H.; Internal mcdicine; Mar­ried; One child; 934 Keniston Ave., Los Angeles 6,Calii.CUMMINGS, DONALD HERBERTBorn Aug. 31, 1923; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1946;S.B., 1947; Intern: Los Angeles Veterans Admin. H.;, Married; 4213 Ellicott St., N.W., Washington, D.C.DAVIES, GEORGE M.Barr. Apr. 5, 1926; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1947;I nlcrn: Alameda County H.; General practice orpsychiatry; Unmarried; 725 N. Kenilworth Ave.,Oak Park, III.EBERSOLE, CARL M.Born 1926; Bethel College, Newton, Kansas, B.S.,1945; Intern: Wadsworth Veterans H., Los Angeles;Unmarried; 1010 Baker Dr., Elkhart, Ind. .FEINSTEIN, ALVAN R.Born Dcc. 4,1925; U. of Chicago, M.S., 1948; In­tern: Grace-New Haven Community H.; Medicine;Unmarried; 8211 Ventnor Avc., Margate, N.J.FRANCE, DAVID W.Born Jan. 8, 1927; U. of Kansas, B.S., 1948; In­tern: Colorado Gen. H.; General practice; Married;R.R. 1, Liberty, Mo.GANSER, RALPH V.Born Oct. 5,1923; Purdue U., B.S., 1948; Intern:U. of Iowa H.; Internal medicine; Married; 1312 S.Third St., Mishawaka, Ind. , !!": 1,1'f \ t\.'.(� .-�-- � .. � �.� ...''l .\i .. ;,-.)!tr ��, �",i:f�� :�t:·'··,"\.� � .. ���.���, ')! JI ,,I,I,t...-�'-:'­, '\\ ..... 1.. lr', .. 1�,-.1;'1.' .. -.�,,-_I( ,�,- ... r.', ., , .. �l\lEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 7CLA SS OF 1952GEROL, YALE A.Born J\Iar. 22, 1928; U. of Iowa, A.B., 1948; 'In­tern: Presbyterian H., New York; Ncur osurgery ;Marricd ; 2638 \Y. Coyle St., Chicago.GIORDANO, ROBERT P.Born Dcc. 31, 1925; Indiana U., A.B., 1948; In­tern: Johns Hopkins H.; Urology; Unmarried; 1212S. 25th St., South Bend 15, Ind.GLOTZER, DONALD JACKBorn May 7, 1928; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1948; In­tern: Massachusetts Gen. H.; Surgery; Unmarried;518 Lamar Ave., Charlotte, N.C.GLUCK, LOUISBorn June 18, 1924; Rutgers U., B.S., 1948; In­tern: HUlings H.; Internal medicine; Married; Oneson; 613 Maple Ave., Lakewood, N.].GOLDBERG, ALLAN M.Horn Oct. 30, 1927; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 194.');Intern: Cincinnati Gen. H.; Medicine; Married; 6721)/. Campbell, Chicago 45.GOLDBERG, GRETCHEN HARTMANNBorn Aug. 3, 1929; U. of Chicago, A,B., 1947; In­tern: Cincinnati Gen. H.; Internal medicine; Mar­ried; 6721 N. Campbell, Chicago 45.GOOTNICK, EUGENE Y.Born Aug. 12, 1928; U. of Chicago, Ph.n., 1947;S.B., 1948; Intern: Billings H.; Surgery; Married;5530 S. Shore Dr., Chicago 37.GORDON, ELSA LEITERBorn May 26, 1928; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948;Intern: Philadelphia Gen. H.; Married; 200 E. 66thSt., New York 21.GORDON, LEON A.Born Aug. 13, 1926; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1948; In­tern: Philadelphia Gen. H.; Married; 200 E. 66thSt., New York 21.GORDON, ROBERT B.Born Feb. 3, 1927; Tufts College, S.B., 1948; In­tern: Mount Zion H., San Francisco; Surgery; Un­.marricd ; 94-15 Stafford Ave., Forest Hills, L.L, N.Y.GOUWENS, WILLIS E., JR.Born Aug. 29, 1926; U. of Chicago; Intern:Blodgett Mcm. H., Grand Rapids; General practice;Married; 6027 University Ave., Chicago 37.GRISSOM, PAUL M.Horn Apr. 14, 1922; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948,M.S., 1952; Intern: U.S.A.F. Fitzsimons Gen. H.,Denver; Psychiatry; Married; One child; 1150 E.61st St., Chicago 37.GWYER, FRED V.Born Feb. 3, 1920; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948;Intern: U. of Illinois Res. & Educ. H.; Unmarried;Box lOS, North Stonington, Conn.HALLECK, SEYMOUR L.Born Apr. 16, 1929; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948;Intern: U .S.P.H.S., San Francisco; Psychiatry; Mar­ried; 3211 W. Pierce, Chicago.HASKIN, DAVID130m May 18, 1923; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1946;M.S., 1947; Intern: Grace-New Haven CommunityH.; Pediatrics; Married; 1137 S. Rexford Dr., LosAngeles, Calif. "".�. t.'.� Ir.���:���<: � . 4/' "*"".jJj11.q ".j11J111!j, "S\ 1\1 ED I CAL A L U M NIB U L LET I N\ THE SENIOR-�� �F�����'.�"�H�"_�j -,.:, 'j. ,'-� � jI1'1i:-'-'�:":'�'�=--=1I !' '" ... ,,' "1'j HAYES, KENNETHBorn Aug, 3, 1920; U. of California, A.B., 1948;Intern: San Joaquin Gen. H.; Internal medicine;Married; One daughtcr ; 117 Tamalpais Rd., Berkeleys, Calif.HUFFER, JOHN CHARLESBorn July 16, 1929; U. of Chicago, Ph,B., 1948;Intern: New York H. (surgery); Urology; Married;2119 Regent St., Madison 5, Wis.JOHNSON, THOMAS ARTHURBorn June 27, 1926; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948;Intern: Royal Victoria II., Montreal; Marricd ;),)0 S, Prospect St., Rockford, Ill.KJELl.flEHG, HAYMOND N.ilorn JUIW 2'), IfJ2S; 1I. of CiJiraJ.:o, S,B" 11),18;J ntr-rn: Peter Bent Brigham 11., Hoston; Su rgcry ;Unmarried; 6623 S. Claremont Ivve, Chicago 36.LA WRENCE, ARTHUR GENEBorn March 21, 1928; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1950;Intcrn: Charity H" New Orleans; Surgery; Unmar­ried; 743 Thatcher Rd., River Forest, Ill.LeVINE, MORRIS J.Born Oct. 7, 1925; U. of Chicago, Ph.B" 1948;U. of Colorado, B.A , 1948; Intern: Billings H.; Sur­gery; Marricd ; One son; 6139 Kenwood Ave., Chi­cago 37.LISCHNER, HAROLDBorn Feb. 4, 1925; U. of California at Los Angeles,B.S., 1947; M,S., 1950; Intern: Salt Lake City Gen­eral H., Pediatrics; Unmarried; 840 Centincb Ave.,Santa Monica, Calif.LORINCZ, ANDREW ENDREBorn May 17, 1926; U, of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948;B.S., 1950; Intern: Bobs Roberts H., Chicago; Pedi­atrics; Unmarricd ; 5408 Ellis Ave" Chicago 15.MAILLIS, LAWRENCE P.Born Dec. 9, 1928; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1947;S.B., 1950; Intern: Michael Reese H., Chicago; In­tcrnal medicine; Unmarricd; 6113 N. Monticello, Chi­cago 45.". i�,:; McINTOSH, JAMES EUGENEBorn Feb. 2, 1927; U. of Wichita, B.A., 1948;Intern: U. of Minn. H.; Married; Canton, Kan.MORRIS, JOSEPHBorn Mar. 11, 1916; Ohio State U., B.A., 1946;Intern: Billings H.; Internal medicine; Married; 212Sccond St., Girardville, Pa.NELSON, BILL MARTINBorn Oct. 26, 1926; U. of Kansas, A.B., 1948;Intern: U. of Oklahoma' H,; Pathology; Married;Onc child; 2616 E. 13th Pl., Tulsa 4, Okla.NICHOLS, OLIVERBorn Nov. 10, 1921; U. of Southern California,S.B., 1948; Intern: Presbyterian Olmsted Mcm. H.,Los Angeles; General practice; Married; 3480 Saw­telle Blvd., Los Angeles.PATTULLO, MARSHALLBorn March 17,1921; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1948;Intern: Blodzctt Memorial H., Grand Rapids; Pedi­atrics or Internal mcdicinc ; Married; Two daughters;254 Southern Ave" Muskegon, Mich.RADKINS, LAURENT VINCENTBorn July 26,1923; U, of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948;Intern: BillinJ.:s H.; Obstetrics-Gynecology; Married;One son; 2442 E. 78th St., Chicago 49. r��' -.. -".�.-. -.�'�,.!'-·1, ���. 'fo�"�c ;�1\1 ED I CAL A L U M N I nUL LET IN 9CLA SS OF 1952\',.._,,;, ,J'� 1.. /'"" /'�/" IiLA) RAGEN, PATRICK ADAIRBorn 1928; Gonzuga, Carroll College: Intern: KingCounty H" Scnttlc ; General practice or Internalmedicine; Unmarried; Townsend, Mont.RAPHAEL, SYLVANBorn Oct. 10, 1924; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1948;Intern: Boston City H.; Internal medicine; Mar­ried; 46 Sanhican Dr., Trenton 8, N.J.RICH, IRWINBorn Scpt. 5, 1927; U, of Chicago, S.B., 1948;Intern: U. of Illinois Res. & Educ, H.; Internal medi­cine; Married; 1588 E. 172d St., New York 72.ROTH, LLOYD JOSEPHBorn Sept. 18, 1911; State U. of Iowa, S.B., 1935;Columbia U., M.A., 1940; Ph.D, 1944; Teachingpharmacology at U. of Chicago; Married; Threechildren; 4 Elm, Park Forest, Chicago Heights, Ill.SCHROEDER, lESLIE ROBERT, JR.Born Nov. 26, 1925; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1950;Intern: Baltimore Marine H.; Internal medicine:Marricd ; 6025 Greenwood Ave., Chicago 37.SIGHTS, WARREN P.Born Dec, 17, 1925; U. of Chicago, Ph,B., 1947;Intern: Billings H.; Married; 8602 Euclid Ave., Chi­cago.SKOM, JOSEPH H.Born Aug. 1, 1925; U. oi Chicago, Ph.B., 1947;B.S., 1951; U. of Ill., M.S., 1952; Intern: JohnsHopkins H. (Osler Service) ; Internal medicine; Mar­ried; 417 Wilder St., Aurora, Ill.SPARGO, BENJAMIN H.Born Aug. 18, 1919; U. of Chicago, B.s., 1950;Intcrn: University H., Ann Arbor; Pathology; Mar­ried; One daughter; Six Mile Run, Pa.STEBlA Y, RAYMOND WILLIAMBorn Mar. 28, 1922; Princeton U., A.B., 1947;Intern: U. of Illinois Res. & Educ. H.; Medicine;Unmarried; 5747 University Avc., Chicago 37.TAPLEY, DONALD FRASERBorn May 18, 1927; Acadia U., S.B., 1948; Intern:Presbyterian H., New York; Mcdicinc; Unmarried;Woodstock, New Brunswick, Canada.TAYLOR, DONALD JAMESBorn Dcc. 8, 1923; Beloit, S.B., 1948; Intern: U.of Kansas Mcd. Center; Urology; Unmarried; 212\Y. Howard St., Portage, Wis.THOMAS, WELDON 1.Born Mar. 27,1926; College of Idaho, A.B., 1948;Intern: King County H., Seattle; Married; Onechild; 1012 12th Ave. S., Kampa, Idaho.VAN ETTEN, ROBERTBorn Oct. 11, 1922; U. of Chicago; Intern: Blod­gett Memorial H., Grand Rapids; General practice;Married; Two children; 10540 Longwood Dr., Chi­cago.WILLIAMS, HARRY l.Born Dec. 25, 1919; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1949;Intern: King County H., Seattle; Married; 6042Stony Island Ave., Chicago 37.WOLKONSKY, PETERBorn Apr. 12,1923; U. of Chicago, Ph.B., 1946;B.S., 1950; Intern: Presbyterian H., New York;Psychiatry or Internal medicine; Married; 900 N.Michigan Ave., Chicago. s.�""", ....-;;;,!:.___ �/,,�,/,11A�(�'\>,P,",:i\<" '". " ._-.:::-/110 l\lEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINTHE SENIOR CLASS OF 1952... , i'-'-'---�,::;�.': 0, �,�"1<I . -:_... '<;" Ir" '.<1'- ,f'''I:><I �<v" ",J wooowxno, ARTIIUR w.1 Born July 5,192.\; Grinnell, S.B., 194R; Intern: U. of Kansas Mccl. Centcr ;.J Surgery; Married; Three children; Mason City, Iowa.I ZIEGLER, JOHN FRANCIS1 Born Jan. 12, 1924; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1948; Intern: Billings H., Married;One son; 922 E. 61st St., Chicago 37 ./\.. ,,,,,,l .; .�1. t. •. -'I�. \_. __ ...._ •. ,_I.� __ � -, ,I f,DR. MARTIN ... 6: 13 l. ,Despite heroic efforts at medical man­agement and the most radical surgerywhich has yet been undertaken at theUniversity, the Class of 1952 will me­tastasize widely in June, and, remark­ably, a part oi the primary will remainin situ for another year. Its malignancyhas been overrated for four years.Any report of this class must be pre­sented with appropriate apologies to thegroup, ior the only occasion on which amember was encouraged to express him­self was the time Ken demurely sug­gested, "'Say a iew thousand words,Joe," as Joe slowly emerged from ni­trous oxide and was, for the first timesince we had known him, physiologicallyincapable of speech.Reviewing the years of our progressfrom admission to graduation, the mostimpressive theme which emerges isChange; for we are leaving this medicalschool altered in many of the featuresso tsignificant for us and familiar to for­mer students.Our group was the last to follow Dr.Wassermann's exquisitely detailed in-:structions (now contraband) for dis­mantling the cadaver, and gross anatomyno longer spoils spring, having for suc­ceeding classes become a six-monthproject. We prepared the final edition(s)of the traditional neuroanatomy note­book for Dr. Bartelmez, and an entirelynew course has evolved. "Matchless"Joe Mullin no longer signs the end-of­quarter summonses to the Dean's Officefor U of C students. We concede thathis heart: was in those physiology lec­tures. His last well-intentioned enter­prise for us was developed by vigorous,if unsolicited, student modification intoa gratifying internship selection plan.Amo "Beaumont" Luckhardt's lec­tures on deglutition were delivered final­ly to us-no more recalcitrant studentsto admonish, "You can't follow this un­less you have the mimeographed mate­rial ... only forty cents at the stock­room." Appropriately, the senior member ofour class will be the first to join the fac­ulty: our Dr. Lloyd replaces Dr. Kel­sey, and he has patiently endured muchadvice on how his classmates expect himto perform.A part of our group will be able toshare impressions of the redoubtable Dr.Robert Bloch with alumni of formeryears; however, for most he was a dy­namic but distant lecturer. His successor,Robert Ebert, has already won our un­qualified indorsement.Residents are inevitably a changinggroup, but we've seen several serve sec­ond terms of military duty and returnwith profit to us from their experiences;others have left to establish their inde­pendence without the Ivory Tower; afew have been stricken by grave illness,a hazard of medical practice made more.significant by our appreciation of theirefforts in our instruction and direction.A student tribute to Dr. Phemister isnot the privilege of any single class­we do not presume to represent our re­marks as adequate to this-but unique­ly, in point of time, this class witnesses,with the completion of its course, theclose of a career which encompassed thismedical school, and we have seen thetransition to a changing tradition. It isdeplorable that so many of us have re­mained so ill informed of this career un­til the several eulogies were deliveredthis spring, but it is notable that, what­ever the quality of the relation in whichwe stood to him, he won and held ourunanimous humble admiration. His con­lident dignity in conference, tireless ca­pability at surgery, provocative chal­lenge in clinic, and his impressive con­viction in the unique concept of thismedical school guided effectively manyclasses with whom we are proud to beincluded. In testimony to this we haveadvanced the suggestion that the Alum­ni-Student Lounge be dedicated to him,with group spirit made more conspicu­ous and more frequently expressed.As we commenced our medical stud­ies, we were the largest class yet selected by the fateful if evidently fallible Com­mittee on Admissions, but we have es­tablished an unenviable record for lossesin the course of our career. To thosestudents we send sympathy sincerelyfelt, for dismissals and threats of dis­missal have been delivered to us with aliberality which excites suspicion andresentment.We have been active in our expressionof resentment of arbitrary treatmentby those who locked classroom doors inpique, by those who threatened disci­plinary examinations, by those who in­sisted that a rigid proportion of per­formances failed minimal standards, andby those who advocated inspirationthrough assassination.Our appreciation of the very highquality of opportunity available to stu­dents of the school has not been lessactively advertised, for we have, as in­dividuals, eagerly sought to participatein the many research projects whichhave stimulated interest both by theirsubstance and by the excellence of theirdirection.No generalization adequately explainsthe unwillingness of this class to selectofficers or to establish any permanentclass organization-well over half a hun­dred diverse opinions are available tothe curious-but we have zealously pre­served our anarchy. The inconveniencethis has caused has provided us an op­portunity to laugh at ourselves and haspromoted broad democratic participa­tion where group action has been nec­essary.Our expenditure of energy in effortsto establish, preserve, _ and assert ourindividuality and diversity has been ex­cessive, perhaps, but this has been ouralternative to the course implicit in thephrase "Co-operate and Graduate,"which does permit overliberal interpreta­tion, of course. Diverse are our back­grounds, and multi-faceted are the rela­tionships we have established withinour group in these four years; we couldnot anticipate the impact of these yearsupon our lives, and we cannot yet esti-1\1 ED I CAL A L U 1"1 NIB U L LET IN 11mall' their ultimate dfl'rls. 1100\'l'\'l'r, inretrospect we OIl'C a t rihutr to t he manypeople-s-wives, parents, friends, evenchildrcn-e-upon whom we han! drawn soheavily for support and subsistence insome of the darker days.Consideration is due the debt we haveincurred to each other: to some fortheir tolerance; to others for well-mer­ited intolerance; to a Iew for more thantheir share of humor; to those whom weabandoned as the scapegoats of the mo­ment; to the foolhardy who tried toshield some of the vulnerable; to the"A" 'students for pleasing parts of thefaculty; and to the last man in theclass for keeping his head for four years.Disappointed that it is 1\'0T an "ob­scene Arabic greeting," we shout "Hal­zoun," and write M.D. after our names.DO:-'ALD CU;>'I!VIINGSSenior Scientific Sessioll-(C ontinue d [rom page 5)distilled water was performed to effectremoval of contaminating urinary pig­ments.After evaporation of the chloroform,the dried extract containing the desiredneutral steroids -was then taken up inredistilled methanol and applied in meas­ured amounts to paper strips previouslyimpregnated with propylene glycol.These strips were then developed inchromatographic chambers using forma­mide-saturated benzene in the reservior.This impregnation of the paper withpropylene glycol is a modification foundby one of us CA. E. L.) to allow forrapid, sharp separation of cortisone andcompound F in 6-8 hours. The simul­taneous application to the requiredsmall areas on as many as four chromat­ogram strips was achieved by the useof an originally designed delivery ap­paratus which employs motor-driventuberculin syringes set to deliver micro­volumes which can be calculated fromreadings obtained from a mechanicalcounter operated off the drive shaft.Aiter the developed chromatogram isdried localization and identification ofthe cortacoids on the. paper strips aremade by ultraviolet visualization andcomparison with runs of the pure com­pounds. These spots are cut out andeluted with .methanol. Aliquots of theseeluates were used in the phenylhydra­zine reaction, read at 410 millimicraon a Coleman spectrophotometer, andcompared with standard solutions ofcortisone and compound F. This methodwas found to be accurate to 5 per centwithin the range established by standardcolorimeter runs.Presently work is in progress oode­termining the optimal conditions ofhydrolysis and extraction that will yieldthe total amount of these corticoidsexcreted in human urine. The importanceand usefulness of such a quantitative mcasurcmcn: in tile study of adrenalcortical function are clearly evident.Influence of Routc of Immuniza-tion in Cortisone-TrcatedAnimalsBy SYLVAN RAI'HAEL and]\JICHAEL BLAWThere arc conflicting reports in theliterature concerning the effect of corti­sone on antibody production. It wassurmised that some of this conflictmight be attributed to differences in theroute of administration of the antigen.Accordingly, the present study repre­sents an effort to determine the antibodyresponse of cortisone-treated and non­cortisone-treated animals when immu­nized by the intradermal and intravenousroutes.Ten rabbits were treated with 5 mg.of cortisone daily, beginning 3 days he­fore the first immunization. Antigen in­jections consisted of 0.2 ml. of a 6 percent solution of bovine albumin, givenat weekly intervals for 3 weeks. Fivecortisone-treated rabbits were injectedintravenously and the other five intra­derrnally. Ten additional animals wereimmunized on the same schedule butreceived no cortisone. Serum obtainedon days 0, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 wasassayed for antibody concentration bythe collodion-particle technic.The following table represents theaverage antibody titers for each of theiour groups.D:.Ys AFTER FIRST ANTIGEN INJECTIONGROUP 0 7 10 14 17 21ID-cort ... 0 6 26 120 176 384!D. 0 56 160 480 800 1920IV-cort.. .0 38 208 464 544 1280IV. . .0 42 92 384 720 1344The titers are expressed as the re­ciprocal of the greatest dilution of serumgiving a positive response.It was also observed that, although allanimals gained weight, this gain wasmarkedly depressed in the animalstreated with cortisone. Lipemia wasmarked in the serum of all the cortisoneanimals and present in only one of thecontrols.COllciusioll.-Under the conditions ofthis experiment, cortisone has a markeddepressant effect on antibody titer whenthe antigen is administered via the intra­dermal route.A Study of the Distribution ofBeta C14 Radio Dihydroxyphen-ylalanine ("Dopa") in theMouse with MalignantMelanomaBy RAYMOND N. KJELLBERGMalignant melanoma has long beenknown as a clinically severe form ofcancer. Its biochemical nature has someunique aspects which have been investi­gated in considerable detail.Certain animal cells give a positive "dopa" reaction. "Dopa," the commonabhrcvi.uion for dihydroxypbcnylal.mine,is converted in such cells to melanin.These cells arc called "rnclanol.lasts."Many of the cells of a malignant mela­noma contain melanin and are dopa­positive. Nonpigmented rnclanoblastsfrequently give a dopa reaction.Dopa, which is intrinsically radio­active, may be metabolized to melaninand deliver rather selectively radiationto melanoblastic tissue, If the proportionof uptake of radioactive dopa were suf­ficiently high in neoplastic melanoblaststo give a therapeutic eifect and suffi­ciently low in other nonneoplastic dopa­positive cells to be nontoxic, such a prep­aration might have a place in the man­agement of malignant melanoma.To perform a tracer study of the dis­tribution of dopa, this compound wassynthesized from C14 radio tyrosinelabeled in the beta position. The radiodopa was injected intravenously into amouse bearing a malignant melanoma.Thirty-seven hours later the animal wassacrificed, its organs dissected, and pre­pared for counting in a Geiger counter.Calculations were based on (1) con­centration of radioactivity (counts/min­ute/gram of tissue) and (2) amount ofradioactivity (counts/minute/whole or­gan) .The greatest concentration of radio­activity was in the skin, this beingroughly ten times greater than thetumor. Many other organs had activityof comparable magnitude to that of thetumor: the kidney, intestines, spleen,liver, adrenals, thyroid, lung, and bloodplasma.Since a significant amount of tyrosinecontaminated the injected dopa, it isinvalid to draw quantitative conclusionsfrom these data. However, it does ap­pear that the concentration in the skinand other organs prevents radio dopafrom having promise in the manage­ment of malignant melanoma.A Study of Methods of Frac­tionating and Evaluating thePotency of Anti-Kidney SerumBy BILL NELSONAnti-kidney sera produced in rabbitsby several methods of immunization withrat kidney have been fractionated toconcentrate and purify the antibody. Acomparison of the potency of the seraand the fractions obtained by differingprecipitation procedures was made bymeans of a quantitative complement­fixation technique. Further comparisonwas made by measuring the albuminuriaproduced in rats by the intravenous in­jection of anti-kidney serum fractions.Of the methods tried, the Nichol andDeutch double-precipitation cold-alcoholprocedure resulted in the best products.By this method most of the originalantibody, as judged by nephrotoxic activ-t Coruinucd on page 20)- .12 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINGREETINGS, FRIENDS(Wilh Apologies to Frank Sullivan)Hail, alumni, predecessors. from your '52 successors!Hail to all who've gone before, make some room, we're three-score more!Greetings docs, from all of us, males and females, sixty-plus.Raise the glass, higher please, we're the new, green l.m.d.'s.From Al &. Gretchen. newlywed, from Elsa Gordon, Carl and fred,From Howie and from both the Rays, a heartfelt cheer and for them:praise.Camps arc over Syl and Syd. shut the book, let fall the lid,Lecture notes to obsolescence, forget that 8 :00 A.M. senescence.Join with Haskin, Paul and Harry, young Joe Skom and younger Larry,Warren Sights and 1\1. LeVine. Lawrence (Moon, not Arthur Gene),And all the Dons who now arc docs, sir, Tapley, Taylor, Cummings,Glotzer,Raise the flags, unfurl the pennants, no longer arc we med school tenants.Felicitations, elder member, for Weldon, Ziggy and remember,Willis Gowens, Leon, James. attach l\1.D. behind their names.Strike up the band and sing 'a chorus, for Ollie. Yale and Joseph Morris,For Les & Seymour, Pat and Hal: Gootnick (Gene) and Feinstein (AI).Proudly now, we're medicine men, but have a cigar on Ken and Ben.Hold high the head, light up the eye, you're finished, Chap, until July.Class is over, Lou and Sal, brand new status, same locale.Woody and Lloyd, congratulations, you beat your offsprings' graduations.Recite the Hippocratic oath for Benedek and Johnson, both,For Huffer, Bardolph, Nelson quote immortal words the great Greek wrote.A lusty shout, don't miss this chance, to cheer for Ralph and David France.Diploma won, caduceus handy, here arc Irwin, Dick and Andy.Bend the elbow, hoist a liter for both the Georges and for Peter.for five named Bob, refill the cup, the final toast, and bottoms up!For Bob Giordano and for Cox, for Gordon of the thinning locks,for Bloomfield, and before adjourning, Bob Van Etten, now interning.Alumni heed this admonition, beware a little competition,from every gal and every fellow,includingauthorIVIARSH PATTULLOThe Basil Harvey Fund AidsMany StudentsThe revolving loan fund for studentsof medicine which was established lessthan two years ago in honor of Dr.Basil Harvey's almost half-century ofservice to medical education has alreadybeen a boon to many students.The present status of this fund is asfollows:Total gifts received $12,431.14Total outstanding notes $10,929.34Number of individuals aided. . .. . . . .. 43Number of loans made. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 52At the present time there arc 234undergraduate medical students at theUniversity of Chicago. The high per­centage of worthy medical students whoare receiving financial assistance throughthe Basil Harvey fund is ample demon­stration of the need for such revolvingloans.Although these loans are mainly to un­dergraduate medical students, money isalso available for temporary assistanceto interns, postgraduate students, resi- RESIDENT NEWSDr. Alberto L. deGuevara will be vice­president of the Fifth Mexican Congress ofTuberculosis and Silicosis which w{ll meetin Guadalajara, Mexico, next January underthe auspices of the University of Guadala­jara.Dr. Marrin E. Gordon is finishing hischief residency in medicine at the VeteransAdministration Hospital in Xcwinuton, Con­necticut, and has an appointment as clinicalinstructor at Yale School of Medicine. Be­ginning July I, he will be full time on theattending staff in the department of gastro­enterology. His wife, Evelyn, former re­search assistant to Dr. William Fishman atBillings in 1946-47, now devotes all her time to their two children, Jeffrey (four)and Judy (two).Dr. J. Murray Steele is still professor ofmedicine at Xew York University in chargeof the research service at Goldwater Me­morial Hospital. His son, Aton, hopes togo to Harvard this fall.Dr. Graham A. Vance is with the Armyon active duty at Percy Jones Army Hos'­pital in the medical service. He savs FredMowrey, a graduate of Rush, is a 'colonel,U.S. Army, M.C., and chief of medicine atPercy ],lncs. Mrs. Vance is the formerMartha Miller. Their second daughter, JaneMarie, was born August 16, 195 I, in BattleCreek, Michigan.dents, and fellows. There are fewsources to which the graduate medicalstudent may apply for financial assist­ance during a period of advanced train­ing. Many of the leading scientists ofthe future may come from the graduategroup.All gifts toward this fund will be de- ductible for income-tax purposes per­mitted by law if made payable to theUniversity of Chicago.There is a real need for more gifts tothis very active loan fund in order formany more worthy and needy studentsto continue their medical education.HUBERTA LXVll'>GSTONl\lEDICAL ALUl\lNI BULLETIN 1.'3RUSH ALUlllNI NEWS'93. Edwin Brainard \V'alston writesthat, after almost sixty years oi generalpractice in Des Moines, 10w3., he is stillas active as any man he knows in the pro­Iession. He thinks that is to be expectedbecause his iather, Robert L. Walston,Rush '66, practiced in Decatur, Illinois,until he was eighty-two; Dr. Edwin hasoutdone him by one YC3.r already. He says,"I 'haw always had a kindly feeling for myAlma Mater, its wonderful professors andmv classmates."\1-1. Joseph Prendergast of Oak Park,Illinois, is arranging a reunion of his classdurinc the June session of the A.M.:\. Onlya small remnant of that class remains, andthose in Chicago look forward to beingtogether once more. Besides Dr. Prcndcr­cast they are: Dr. A. P. Barothy, Dr.E. M. Hill, Dr. G. H. Mammen, Dr. Ed­ward H. Ochsner, Dr. Frederick Tice,and Dr. Joseph Vasumpaar.'00. Mark T. Goldstine is still in activepractice in Chicago and still very muchinterested in medical work.'01. In 1951 Fred L. Adair received theaward ior outstanding achievement fromthe Universit v of Minnesota and the Cer­tificat e oi Distinction from the State Med­ical Society oi Indiana for fifty years inthe practice oi medicine. These are butthe most recent oi the many honors thathave been given Dr. Adair during hislong career. Last month he retired fromthe presidency of the American Commit­tee on Maternal Welfare, Inc., which wasestablished in 1919 at his, suggestion andof which he has been president since thattime, In his honor the committee has es­tablished the Fred Lvman Adair Founda­tion ior the advancement of learning inobstetrics with reference to pre- and post­natal maternal care, Since retiring fromthe Universitv of Chicago facultv, Dr.Adair and l\Irs, Adair live in Maitland,Florida.Noble Wiley Jones became emeritusprofessor of medicine of the University ofOregon Medical School in 1947, For thelast three years of his retirement he haslived at 254 Park Drive, Saratoga. Cali­fornia, but he is still associated with thePortland Clinic, which he helped to estab­lish in 1914.'02, Ralph C. Hamill is on the staff ofCook County Psychopathic Hospital, wherehe says he is still trying to learn somethingabout human behavior.'11 Arthur R. Metz is associate profes­sor of surg-ery at Northwestern Universityand on the sur-tical staff of Wcslcv Memo­rial Hospital. He wa s for rna nv \"�qr, asso­ciate professor at Rush and' president ofof the staff of Washington Boulevard Hos­pitaL He has been very active in surgicalsocieties: he was secretary (1934-.16) andpresident (1937) of the Chicago SunricalSociety and secretary (1941-4S) and pres­ident (1946) of the Western Surgical So­ciety; he is chairman of the executive com­mittee of the American Association of Rail­road Surzcons : treasurer of the AmericanAssociation for Surgcrv of Tr�l)""'�: and amember of the Central Surgical Associationand the American Association of Industrial Surgeons. lIe is at present chief surgeonof the Milwaukee Railroad.'12, Aaron Arkin is Rush Professor ofMedicine at the University of Illinois, pro­Icssor of medicine at Cook County Gradu­ate School, trustee of the Ilcktocn Insti­tute and Cook County Graduate School,attending physician at Columbus, MountSinai, and Franklin Boulevard hospitals,and consulting physician at Cook CountyHospital. He specializes in internal medi­cine and cardiology,Irvin F. Stein was one of the repre­sentatives of the United States to be in­vitcd last October to participate in theFirst Brazilian Conference on Sterility heldin Rio de Janeiro, He was also asked tospeak at similar conventions in BuenosAires, Lima, Caracas, and Havana, In eachoi these cities he was presented with hon­orary membership in official societies. InFebruary, 1952, he was invited to MexicoCity and Monterey to lecture on infertilityand sterility, Dr. Stein is chairman of thecommittee on arrangements for the con­vention of the American Society for theStudy of Sterility which will be held thisJune at the Congress Hotel in Chicago,The meetings will be open to the pro­fession.'13, Ralph H. Kuhns is medical officerand �,P. specialist for the Veterans Ad­ministration district offices in Chicago andSt. Paul.Edwin M. Miller is clinical professorof surgery (Rush) at the University ofIllinois and chairman of the department ofsurgery at Presbyterian Hospital. He hasili<­III�ii r",;\"tr·lI \\\ /\/'i[ .L_ .__:.L... � ��_MILLERbeen attending surgeon at Cook CountyHospital for twenty years. Prior to 1941he was on the iaculty of Rush. The manyclasses of Rush students who know himregard him as the kind of surgeon a doctoris most likely to seek for an operation onhis family or himself.He is very active in surgical societies, is amember of the Western Surgical Associ­ation, the Central Surgical Association, andthe American Surgical Association, He hasbeen vice-president, treasurer, and presidentof the Chicago Surgical Society, He was inmilitary service overseas in both worldwars-1917-19 at Base Hospital No. 13and 1943-45 chief of surgery at GeneralHospital No. 13 in New Guinea, .. """" ...<iT.SLOANHe has written fifty or more articles onmany subjects including physiology, ex­perimental surgery, children's surgery, frac­tures, injuries of peripheral nerves, andvaried clinical problems in general surgery.'15, Francis J. Scully has practiced in­ternal medicine, particularly rheumatic dis­orders, in Hot Springs, Arkansas, since1920, He is past grand commander ofKnights Ternplar of Arkansas and chair­man of the committee on history forthe Grand Encampment Knights Templar,U,S.A, He is author of History of KnightsTem plar of U,S.A.'17, LeRoy Hendrick Sloan was honoredat a recent meeting of the American Col­lege of Physicians by election to the presi­dency, He is clinical professor of medicineat the University of Illinois and directorof medical service at Illinois Central Hos­pital. He started his scientific career as anassistant in physiology at the Universityof Chicago in 1914, He was formerly at­tending physician at Cook County Hos­pital and assistant professor of medicineat Rush.Frederick W. Slobe is medical directorof Blue Cross Plan for Hospital Care andthe Blue Shield Plan of Illinois MedicalService in Chicago.'18. Marion Cole-Schroeder is in generalpractice on Chicago's South Side,'20. Anna Barbara Grey is chief surgeonat the Ellen Mitchell Memorial Hospitalin Moulmein. Burma, the only European­type hospital in that area. She recently re­turned to this countrv for a visit. Her ex­periences in Burma would provide an ex­cellent background for an interesting book.One of her collcazucs, a physician, is asister of Dr, Gordon Seagraves.'21. Samuel Lerner is assistant professorof surgery at Chicago Medical School, Hehelped organize Roosevelt Memorial Hos­pital in 1946 and is at present secretaryof the board and a member of the surgicalstaff. His son, Robert, is a student at theUniversitv of Chicago.'22. George \Y/. Collett practiced generalsurgery in Crawfordsville, Indiana, from1926 to 1946. Then he and three otherdoctors organized the Elko Clinic in Elko,Nevada (thcv are seven now). Life hasbeen interesting, and Dr. Collett's familvhas taken to the West with enthusiasm.His oldest son, Captain Hugh S, Collett,14 /lvl E DIe A L .A L U M NIB U L LET I Nis chid of the Dcpart mcnt of Surgery atKindley Air Force Base in Bermuda; histwo daughters arc rnarricd ; and his young­est son, John, is now twelve and studyinghard to become a cowboy. He says, andit is a pleasure to repeat it, that "mostoi us Rush men feel that we still belongwith the University oi Chicago."Marcarer Howard Austin lives in Hins­dale and practices' cardiology in Chicago.She developed the first Cardiac Kitchen inChicaco at the Women's and Children'sHospi·tal. It is part of an educational proj­ect to instruct women patients with cardiacconditions in work simpliflcatio n. She iscertified bv the American Board of InternalMedicine, .spccializ iru; in cardiology.'2-1. David T. Proctor specializes in chestdiseases and allergy, with offices in Pasa­dena, California.Elmer S. Schutz has been in �cncralpractice in Mountain Lake, Minnesota,since 1925.'25. Frederick Paine Purdum is in gen­eral practice in East Brady, Pennsylvania.J. O. Helm practices in New Florence,Missouri. He writes with warmth of theUniversity oi Chicago and of the need iordoctors in rural areas.Margarete Meta Kunde limits her prac­tice to endocrinology and internal medi­cine in Chicago. She is instructor in medi­cine at :-\orthwestern University MedicalSchool and in the gynecological-endocrineoutpatient clinic of Cook County Hos­pital and is on the staff of Wesley Me­morial Hospital. Her most recent publica­tion was "The Role of Hormones in theTreatment of Obesity," Annals of InternalMfdicinc, Volume XXVIII (1948).Mabel G. Masten is professor of neuro­psychiatry at the University of WisconsinMedical School. Her recent activities in­clude organization of the Easter Seal Cere­bral Palsy Center which opened at Wis­consin Orthopedic Hospital. She is chair­man of its advisory committee and is itsneurologic consultant.'26. Carl Helgeson says he is pluggingaway at the �eneral practice of medicineand enjoying it. He is on the staff of Illi­nois Central and South Shore hospitals.During the last three years he has donesome research work on the antabusc treat­ment of alcoholism with Anton J. Carlson.'27. Lillian P. Smolt has recently retiredfrom active work. Her husband, CharlesA. Srnolr, also '27, is in practice as an in­ternist in Ventura, California. They areboth members of the staffs of the FosterMemorial Hospital and Ventura CountyHospital in Ventura, and Charles is a mem­ber of the staff of St. John's Hospital inOxnard, California, about ten miles fromVentura. They are both members of thepublic relations committec of the VenturaCounty Medical Society, of which Charlesis chairman.'28. Felix Jansey is attending surgeon atWesley Memorial Hospital and is on thefaculty of Northwestern University. He is aconsultant at Veterans Hospital at Hines,Illinois. He is a member of the ChicagoSurgical Society and has been on the boardof governors, vice-president, and presidentof the Chicago Society of Industrial Medi­cine and Surgery.'29. Theodore H. Goldman is marriedand has three children-Lynne, Ronald,and Kenneth. His specialty is pediatrics.He is chief of staff in pediatrics of Los Angeles County General Hospital and as­sistant clinical professor of pediatrics atthe College of Medical Evangelists. He livesin Beverly Hills.'30. Richard Kennedy Gilchrist wasinstalled as president of the Central Sur­gical Association at its recent meeting inToronto. He formerly held the office ofrecorder of this association and also secre­tary of the Society of Clinical Surgery.He is on the board of governors of theAmerican College of Surgeons and is amember of the American Surgical Associ­ation. He is associate professor' (Rush) atthe University of Illinois and on thc sur­gical staff of Presbyterian Hospital. He iswell known for his work on carcinoma ofthe rectum.Arthur Rappeporc says he has oftenwondered what he ever did that wouldmake news, but now the opportunity pre­sents itself. He was the first undergraduateto enrol in any courses offered at the"New" Medical School. He was the firststudent in the otolaryngology dcpartrnchtand together with Jack Sloan was one ofthe first students in the eye department,in the autumn quarter. 1947. They werelater joined by Joe Rozan and GeorgePerusse. The young residents were HilgerJenkins (Chicago), Chester Keefer (Bos­ton), and Murray Scott (New York).'31. Stanley J. Makowski is practicingorthopedic surgery at Glen Cove, NewYork.Louis B. Newman is chief of the phys­ical medicine and rehabilitation serviceat the Veterans Administration Hospital,Hines, Illinois, and associate professor ofphysical medicine at Northwestern Uni­versity Medical School, Chicago. In 1950Dr. Newman became one of the organizersof the Chicago Society of Physical Medi­cine and Rehabilitation and was electedthe first president of that organization.'34. Frank E. Treharne is a G.P. inIndependence, Missouri. During the warhe was surgeon of the 251st Station Hos­pital in New Guinea and New Britain. Inspite of an injury which necessitated hisbeing hospitalized for two years, Dr. Tre­harne is able to carryon an office practice.He and his wife and daughter, Joan, nowthirteen years old, live at 715 South ParkStreet, Independence.Milton Goldman practices dermatologyin his own building, equipped exclusivelyfor dermatology. Dr. and Mrs. Goldmanand their two daughters, Marion andGretchen, live in the hills overlooking thevalley in their modern home in ShermanOaks, California.'30. Harold J. Brumm is vice-presidentof the Medical Alumni of the University ofMissouri, chairman of the medical depart­ment of the Thompson-Brumm-KnepperClinic, and chairman of SI. Joseph's Hos­pital at St. Joseph, Missouri.Alan A.. Lieberman lives in Elgin, Illi­nois, with his wife and three sons, two ofwhom already aspire to study medicine.He is a certified diplomate of the Ameri­can Board of Psychiatry (1943) and ofNeurology (1945); he has been clinical di­rector of Elgin State Hospital since 1947;F.A.C.P. and F.A.P.A.Martin Dol1in is a diplomate in psy­chiatrv of the American Board of Psychia­try and Neurology and has recently beenappointed clinical director of River CrestSanitarium, Astoria, New York. '37. Emanuel C. Liss became a diplo­mate of the American Board of Pediatricslast December. He lives in South Bend,Indiana.Donald G. Stannus has been practicingmedicine in Miami since 1940. He is chiefof cardiology at SI. Francis Hospital,Miami Beach, and on the staffs of Mercyand Jackson Memorial hospitals and is amember of the Miami Heart Institute.Max M. Bernstein practices internalmedicine in Chicago, teaches on the staffof the University of Illinois, and is asso­ciate attending-man at Cook County Hos­pital and consultant in medicine to theCook County Institutions and Oak ForestInfrrrnary. He is certified by the Board ofInternal Medicine. In 1950 he married theformer Nadine Wazor, a graduate of CookCounty School of Nursing, '44. Their son,Daniel David, is seven months old and atpresent shows no interest in medicine.'38. Stephen Mamick has been in gen­eral practice ior ten years in White SulphurSprings, West Virginia. He is at presentradiology resident at St. Luke's Hospital inChicago.'42. Frank W. Lynn is a lieutenant col­onel, M.C., and chief of the urological sec­tion, U.S.A. Hospital, Fort Riley, Kansas.He has taken the examinations for certifi­cation by the American Board of Urology.The Lynns have just adopted a son-threemonths old on arrival-and his name isTimothy William.RUSH ALUMNI REUNIONThe alumni of Rush Medical Collegewill hold their annual reunion on JuneII.A clinical scientific program ISplanned for the morning under theleadership of Dr. Edwin :VI. Miller. Theprogram includes papers by Dr. EgbertH. Fell and Dr. Oglesby Paul, Dr. Stan­ton A. Friedberg. Dr. "orris J. Heckel,and Dr. Danely P. Slaughter. The pro­gram is completed by a symposium onchronic ulcerative colitis with Dr. Her­bert C. Breuhaus (medicine), Dr. Doug­las A. MacFadyen (biochemistry), Dr.Fred O. Priest (obstet rics and gynecol­ogy). and Dr. R. Kennedy Gilchrist(surgery) participating.Alumni will be guests oi the Presby­terian Hospital at luncheon, and thefinal event of the dav will be a dinner atthe Knickerbocker HOlel.Three special reunions He beingplanned. Dr. F. E. Clough. oi San Ber­nardino, California. has arranged thefi itieth reunion of the class of 1902; Dr.Morris Fishbein looks for a large num­ber of the class of 1012 to celebratetheir fortieth; and Dr. Clayton Lundywill be readv to welcome the class of1927 ior the'ir twenty-fifth.The following nominations have beenmade for officers of the Association:President: Franklin Farman, 'I iVice-Presidcnt: Edwin Jordan. '25Trcasufer: James B. Eyerly, '21Secretary: Clarence W. Monroe, '33MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 15SCIENTIFIC SECTIONSome Effects of ACTH, Corti­sone, Progesterone, and Testos­terone on the Morphologyof Sebaceous Glands inthe \V'hite RatBy DA\,ID HASKIN, B.S., M.S.,and NANCY LASHER, B.A.DermatologySebaceous glands which are relativelysmall during childhood start to growsuddenly with the onset of puberty. Atthe same time there is a manifold in­crease in the amount of sebum excretedto the skin surface. This sebaceous glandhyperf unction is thc cause of seborrheain adolescents and is a major componentof juvenile acne vulgaris. These condi­tions always begin in puberty and usuallysubside during the third decade of lifc.The nature of the pubertal growthstimulus for sebaceous glands is notwell understood. Hamilton, in reviewingthe subject, discusses a variety of he­reditary, environmental, and metabolicphenomena bearing on the problem. Inmales the testicular hormones have beenimplicated for the following reasons: (1)prepubertal castrate and eunuchoidmales never develop seborrhea or acnespontaneously; (2) they usually developacne if they are treated with testosteronepropionate; and (3) normal males andfemales also may develop acne if theyare treated with large doses of testos­terone propionate. This hormone is par­ticularly effective in producing acnewhen it is given to persons who have agenetic predisposition for this condition.Gonadal hormones, however, havenot been held responsible for the puber­tal development of sebaceous glands andfor acne in girls. The sex incidence ofacne is approximately 1: I, with a slight­ly greater incidence and severity in themale. It is difficult to accept the viewthat in girls the pubertal increase insecretion of adrenal androgen could bethe responsible factor, because malecastrates have well-functioning adrenalglands and still do not develop acne.A program of experimentation de­signed to re-evaluate and extend thedata concerning hormonal influence onsebaceous glands has been undertakenby the present authors.Groups of mature female rats of theSprague-Dawley strain were each givendaily subcutaneous injections of O.S mg.ACTH, 1 mg. cortisone, 1 microgram ofprogesterone, or 1 mg. of testosteronepropionate for 30 days. A control groupreceived injections of peanut oil equiva­lent in volume to that of the progeste- ronc solution. Skin biopsies were takenfrom thc dorsal region of each rat bc­fore and after treatment. The biopsyspecimens were pinned on cork boards,fixed in 10 per cent formalin and pre­pared by routine paraffin technique.Thirty to forty serial sections, 10 micrain thickness, were cut from each blockand stained with haematoxylin andeosin. Uniform handling of tissues wasmaintained throughout.The sections were projected to pro­vide one-thousand-fold magnification.Individual sebaceous gland alveoli werefollowed through their entirety in serialsection. Tracings were made of the pe­riphery of the glands as they appearedin consecutive sections, and the numberof nuclei in each gland section wasnoted. Cross-sectional areas were thendetermined by' planimetry, permi ttingcalculation of approximate volume ofindividual glands as well as cell countper unit volume.Six glands were chosen from eachbiopsy for volume determination andcell count. The only criteria employedin selection of glands were completenesswithin the set of serial sections and free­dom from accidental trauma. Hence, thesampling is believed to be representativeof glands in the area biopsied.Testosterone propionate produced byfar the greatest growth stimulus (ap­proximate average increase of 400 percent). All posttreatment biopsies showedsebaceous-gland enlargement rangingfrom lOS to SiS per cent. There was astriking increase in the thickness of thebasal layer and in the amount of freesebum at the gland orifices.The progesterone group showed theresult of mild but definite stimulationwith an average volume increase ofabout 80 per cent, all specimens show­ing the same degree of increase.Cortisone treatment produced littleif any significant variation in gland sizeas compared to the pretreatment biopsiesbut showed diminished volume whencompared with the control group.Results with ACTH were variable;all but one specimen showed enlarge­ment. Average increase for this group(80 per cent) was comparable to thatwith progesterone.Some difficulty arises in judging com­parable dosages of these hormones, es­pecially of ACTH and cortisone. How­ever, in the case of cortisone, all treatedanimals showed marked thinning of thedermis, while with ACTH such changeswere minimal.The ratio of nuclear count to alveolarvolume proved to be nearly constant in all groups, showing that hormone-in­duced sebaceous-gland enlargement isdue to hyperplasia rather than an in­crease in cell size.These experimental findings are inmany respects consistent with previousclinical and laboratory observations.This is particularly true in regard tothe results of androgen administration.The slight reduction in gland size seenin cortisone-treated rats had been notedbut not quantitated. Rothman's obser­vation that "acne" resulting from corti­sone treatment in humans lacks a sebor­rheic component is thus given experi­mental support.That systemic adrenocorticotrophichormone should produce an androgen-likeeffect in intact animals is not surprisingwhen adrenal androgen production isconsidered. It is also possible that cur­rently available ACTH preparations con­tain a gonadotrophic contaminant andthat the actual sebaceous-gland stimulantis of gonadal origin. Attempts are nowbeing made to settle this question.The results of progesterone treatmentdo not coincide with the negative obser­vations of previous investigators. Thiscompound has received little attentionin the recent literature and only a singlereport -of its experimental effects onsebaceous glands could be found. If thegland growth recorded in this paper isconfirmed, a new hypothesis concerningthe origin of adolescent acne in thefemale is suggested, i.e., that the initi­ation of ovulatory cycles and subsequentcorpus luteum formation provides asource of seborrhea-producing proges­terone. This hypothesis, since it doesnot implicate the adrenal, is consistentwith the observation that hypogeriitalmales and females do not develop sebor­rhea or acne.Reduction of Tetrazolium byGrowing Tubercle BacilliBy D. KOCH-WESER, M.D., \Y. R.BARCLAY. M.D .. and R. H.EBERT, �I.D.M cdicineThe reduction of colorless triphenyltetrazolium to red Iorrnazan has beenused as an indicator of the metabolicactivity of tissues and bacteria. Previousinvestigations have been for the mostpart qualitative. This study reports quan­titative metabolic studies of tuberclebacilli in Dubos' liquid medium. Twomilligrams of triphenyl tetrazolium wereadded to growing cultures of H3iRV,and after 24 hours the amount of for­mazan present was estimated colorimetri­cally after extraction with ethyl acetate.16 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINThe amount of tctrnzolium reduced wasdirectly proportional to the number ofbacilli in the culture as determinedturbidiruet rically, An excess of aspara­gine added to the medium markedlyincreased t et razolium reduction.Streptomycin added to the cultures,in a concentration of 50 /-Lgm/ml, 6days after inoculation and at a timewhen the bacilli were in the logarithmicphase of their growth immediately de­creased the rate of growth and theamount oi tetrazolium reduced. Com­plete inhibition occurred only 3 to 4days after the antibiotic was added.Once complete inhibition of growth oc­curred, the bacilli did not reduce tetra­zolium as long as streptomycin was pres­ent in the medium.Old cultures which had almost ceasedgrowing reduced the same amount oftetrazolium per milligram of bacilli asdid young. actively growing cultures.The reduction of tetrazolium appearsto be a useful reaction ior studying themetabolism of tubercle bacilli.Bone Marrow inthe Diagnosis and Treatmentof Polycythemia VeraBy :'IATTHEW BLOCK, Ph.D., xr.n.,LEO:-: O. ]ACOBSOX. 1I.D., andWILLIA::'1 BETHARD, M.D.AI edicineThe sternal marrow in primary poly­cythemia vera as studied in section isdensely cellular, has a marked decreasein iron or absence of iron granules,clumps of stem cells, and a fairly nor­mal differential except for a border-linehigh erythroblastic percentage and prom­inent megakaryocytes. In smear in abouthalf the cases the marrow is extremelycellular and has numerous megakaryo­cytes and giant clumps of platelets. Thesmears of the other cases may be acellu­lar even when sections of marrow aspi­rated at the same time are extremelycellular.In about 80-85 per cent of cases ofpolycythemia vera, sections of the mar­row are diagnostic of the disease eventhough the patients had normal or sub­normal hemoglobins as a result of hemor­rhage. phlebotomies. or treatment withphenylhydrazine. Two of forty-fiveproved cases had marrows completelyunlike the other forty-one cases, oneprobably due to a mixup in the records.Another five cases were border line asregards marrow structure as well as onclinical grounds. Except for the twofalse negative marrows and possibly thefive unproved cases, sections of the mar­row of forty-five patients with primarypolycythemia vera were found to bedifferent from twenty-four cases of sec­ondary polycythemia due to hyper­tension, anoxemia (pulmonary and con­genital cardiac lesions), obesity, or Cushing'» syndrome-even when somecases in the secondary group had higherhemoglobins than the average in theprimary group.Six of the primary group developedmyeloid metaplasia as proved by splenicbiopsy, and five of these six had extreme­ly cellular marrows. The sixth case hadentered the "burnt out" leukemoid phaseand had a sclerotic marrow. Two of thefive had uncontrolled active poly­cythemia vera with characteristic mar­rows, whereas the other three still hadcellular marrows but had already en­tered the "burnt out" leukemoid phase.Eleven of the primary cases werefollowed by means of serial marrowbiopsies during radiophosphorus (p:��)treatment. Excellent control as measuredby the maintenance of normal periph­eral blood and by the disappearanceof signs and symptoms of polycythemiavera was achieved in eight cases, somehaving over three courses of treatmentduring S years. The marrows of theseeight patients were uniformly convertedto a normal cellularity or a slight hy­pocellularity with a slightly high per­centage of erythroblasts. Iron pigmentwas subnormal, except in one patient.Three cases were not controlled by p:12and had persistently high platelet counts,continued activity of their disease asmeasured by chronic severe gastroin­testinal hemorrhage, pruritus, and throm­boses, and their marrow resembled thatof untreated polycythemia vera eventhough the hemoglobin was controlledby phlebotomies. Two of these threewere later controlled by large doses ofp:l� with changes in their marrow similarto the eleven patients responding to thefirst dose and with complete responseof their clinical picture.These studies indicate that in aboutSO per cent of patients with polycy­themia vera the marrow when studiedhy section technique is diagnostic of thedisease even when the hemoglobin levelis controlled by means of phlebotomies,phenylhydrazine, or spontaneous hemor­rhages. However, our experience in sec­ondary polycythemia with extremelyhigh hemoglobins (over 20 gm.) is lim­ited, and further study may show thatthis type of case cannot be differen­tiated from the primary cases on thebasis of the marrow alone. Myeloidmetaplasia precedes the development ofmyelosclerosis and has been found inpatients with active polycythemia vera.Radiophosphorus is a rational methodof controlling polycythemia vera, sinceit reduces an extremely hyperplasticmarrow to any desired degree of cellu­larity and prevents not only the in­creased circulating red cell mass but,equally important, the high plateletcount and hemorrhages and thromboticphenomena. Completeness of remissionfollowing pa� treatment is associatedwith a characteristic marrow change which is not demonstrable in under­treated patients, even when the cir­culating red-cell mass is controlled byphlebotomies.Some Aspects of BilateralAdrenalectomy in ManBy N. S. APTER. M.D., D. M. BERGE:>"STAL,M.D., W. C. HALSTEAD, PH.D., C. B. HUG­GI:>"S, M.D., M. A. LIPTON, M.D., A. P.BAY, M.D. (Manteno), ]. F. KENWARD,M.D., R. M. WI!ITMAN, M.D., R. A.PITTENCF.R, M.T)., M. ]. ]E:>"SEN, M.D.,C. K. CULLINA1\", M.D., W. R. BROCK­HANK, M.D., A. KAIIN, M.D., and B.BAITTLI" M.D.Medicine and Surgery and M antenoState II ospitalSince bilateral adrenalectomy hasproved beneficial in patients with cancerof the prostate or breast, twelve hundredState Hospital patients were surveyedfor cancer of those organs.Bilateral adrenalectomy was per­formed on six chronic schizophrenic pa­tients; two had cancer with metastases.All are in good physiological states 7months postoperatively.Bilaterally adrenalectomized psychoticpatients can be maintained on cortisoneand salt in a state hospital setting.DOCA has been used when careful daiiyobservations are not possible.A psychiatric response to the majoroperative procedure is characterized byebbing of the delusional material andbizarre preoccupations and a heighteningof the ambivalent maniiestations. Thisresponse lasts approximately a month.Pre- and postoperative quantitativestudies of cerebral functions in psychoticand nonpsychotic cancerous patients re­veal evidence of improved function fol­lowing bilateral adrenalectomy and par­tial replacement therapy with cortisone.Two of the patients showed markedalterations in their interpersonal re­lations in the. second and third monthsfollowing bilateral adrenalectomy.A 64-year-old paranoid psychotic isnow in good social adjustment at home.Clinical psychiatric and medical psycho­logical data attest to greater flexibilityof personality functions.The most significant clinical improve­ment has occurred in a 61-\'ea r-oldschizophrenic who has been hospitalizedfor 4S years.If adrenocortical activity is a signifi­cant etiological factor in some schizo­phrenic reactions. it is more likely de­monstrable in those patients who haveimperceptibly fallen into schizophrenicstates.Schizophrenic reactions have multipleetiologies. Our combined methods ofinvestigation may enable us to segregateout from the large group of schizophrenicreactions those for whom biologicalfactors are prepotent from those forwhom psychological factors arc 'crucial.MEDICAL ALUJ\lNI BULLETIN 17The Occurrence of Bacteremiaand Death in Cortisone­treated MiceBy BYRO:'\' S. BERU:,\, , l'ILD., CHARLES]llH:\SO:,\" WALTER D. HAWK, l\1.D.,and A. GEl\E LAwRE:\CEJfcdicilleDuring the course of study of theeffect of cortisone on antibody pro­duction following vaccination with ·in­flucnza virus PR8 strain, it was ob­served that Si of 8S cortisone-treatedmice died bet ween the f1 fth and sixteenthdays of treatment. At autopsy nodularlesions were observed in the viscera of4 i of Si dead mice. These studies werethen extended to determine the cause ofdeath of animals receiving cortisone,Test and control mice of similar ageand weight (18-23 grn.) were housedtogether. Test mice received daily sub­cutaneous injections (0.75-1.25 mg.) ofcortisone acetate. Control mice receivedsubcutaneous injections of physiologicalsaline daily. After various irucrvals oftime the animals were sacrificed to oh­tain cultures and note pathologicalchanges. if any, in the organs. Cultureswere obtained from the heart's blood,liver, and spleen from sacrificed animalsonly. Tissues were prepared for micro­scopic study. The action of cortisone onthe animals was indicated by (a) adepression of the total white bloodcount and elevation of the percentageof polymorphonuclear leucocytes, (b ')a progressive decrease in weight, (c) adecrease in spleen size, and (d) an in­crease in glycogen deposition in theliver,Among 167 test mice there were 41.ponraneous deaths compared to 1 deathn 165 control animals. A true death rate.n either group could not be given, sinceanimals were sacrificed at various inter­vats after onset of cortisone treatment.However, of the animals not sacrificed,50 per cent of those receiving 125 mg.cortisone daily had died by the 12thday of treatment and 50 per cent ofthe mice receiving 0.75 mg. cortisonehad died by the 17th day. Of 124treated mice sacrificed for culturestudies, 56 had positive blood, liveror spleen cultures as compared to posi­tive cultures in only 8 of 132 controlmice. The organisms isolated were gr:1111-negative bacilli which were consideredinhabitants of the intestinal tract. Gray­ish, granulomatous nodules, some withnecrotic centers. were noted in 58 of 167test mice. These were surrounded by azone of mild inflammatory reaction. Cul­tures of some of the nodules yieldedcorynebacterium and coliform organisms.The portal of entry of organismsfrom the intestinal tract into the bloodstream was not apparent from super­ficial examination of the tissues. Possibleexplanation of the findings were (a) alowering of the host resistance to in- feet ion hy suppression of the inflarn­matory reaction, (b) suppression ofphagocytosis, and (c) a suppression oflocal antibody formation. The cause ofdeath in the cortisone-treated mice wasconsidered to be due to the developmentof spontaneous bacteremia as a resultof invasion of organisms from thegastrointestinal tract.The Use of Primaquine ToControl Malaria in KoreanVeteransBy LT. Ronunr S. HOCKWALD, M.C.,U.S.A.R., IVIAJOR jorrrc AR:\OLD, :vr.C.,A.U.S .. LT. CHARU,S B. CLAY�1AI\',M.C., U.S.A.R., and Au S. ALVING,M.D.Jfa/arill Research Unit, A! edlcineThe main actions of antimalarial drugscan be divided into two categories,suppressive and curative, Agents whichare mainly suppressive eradicate onlythe erythrocytic phase of the parasite,and in vivax infections further relapsesare like lv to occur after drug adminis­tration i� discontinued. Curative agentsattack the tissue (exoerythrocytic) phaseof the parasite also. The percentage ofcases relapsing after such therapy de­pends on the efficiency of the drug used.Common suppressive agents now in useinclude quinine, atabrine, and chloro­quine. Curative agents in common usageinclude 8-aminoquinolines, pamaquine,and pentaquine.Primaquine, S.N. 13,272, 8-(4-amino-1 - methylbutylarnino ) - 6 - rnethoxyquino­line. was first synthesized by Elderfieldat Columbia University and tested inmonkeys by Schmidt at Christ Hospitalin Cincinnati, Ohio. It was first reportedas a new curative agent in vivax malariaby Edgcomb et al. in 1950. Clinical test­ing of the drug had been carried on,using inmate volunteers, at the IllinoisState Penitentiary, It was shown that22.5 mg. primaquine base with 1.64 grn.quinine base given daily in six divideddoses for 14 days would cure 100 percent of heavily infected patients. Ap­proximately iOO white volunteers at theIllinois State Penitentiary have sincebeen given 15 mg. or more of prima­quine base daily for 14 days, alone orconcurrently with a suppressive. No signsor symptoms of toxicity have been notedin doses of less than 60 mg., and dosesup to 120 mg. can be tolerated. Therange of therapeutic dosage in whitesubjects therefore is quite wide. Ad­ministration of 8-aminoquinolines toNegroes occasionally produces acutehemolytic anemia. By studies on 160Negro volunteers it has been shown that15 mg. of primaquine base can be givensafely without special medical supervi­sion. Fifteen milligrams of primaquinebase given daily for 14 days will curemost field infections including vivaxmalaria acquired in Korea. Pamaquine and pentaquine in dailydoses of 60 mg. with quinine for 14 dayswill cure only 60-80 per cent of heavilyinfected individuals. Toxic symptomsdevelop with daily doses of less than 60mg., and consequent Iy the range oftherapeutic dosage is quite narrow,Primaquine which is effective in thenontoxic dose of 15 mg. constitutes asignificant advance because it can headministered without special medicalsupervision. .The incidence of malaria in returningKorean veterans has been high. Toevaluate further the toxicity of prima­quine before administering it to largenumbers of service personnel. the follow­ing studies were carried out. Five hun­dred individuals from the enlisted per­sonnel at Fort Knox, Kentucky, weregiven primaquine, 15 mg. base daily for14 days. Over three hundred Nicaraguannatives were given a similar dosage.Laboratory examinations were performedand the individuals receiving the drugwere questioned at regular intervals. :t\ 0signs or symptoms of toxicity wereobserved.Under the direction of the Office ofthe Surgeon General of the UnitedStates A-rmy. two of the authors (Dr.Alf S. Alving and Major John Arnold)made a survey trip to J apan and Koreato determine the most convenientmethod of treating all Korean veterans.Since the troops are on shipboard for 12days bet ween Japan and the C ni tedStates. a program was set up to adminis­ter primaquine daily to all men duringthis period. The trial run was institutedin September, 1951, and three thousandmen on two ships were given primaquine,15 mg. base in a single daily dose for12-20 days under careiul medical super­vision. No signs or symptoms of toxic­ity were observed; neither was the in­cidence of motion sickness increased.In October, 1951, a release from theOffice of the Surgeon General of theDepartment of the Army stated thatall returning Korean veterans wouldreceive primaquine, 15 mg. base daily,for 14 days. The large-scale programwas actually begun in December. It istoo early to determine the abspluteefficiency of the drug in these men, butit is expected that the malaria relapserate will be extremely small.----------_---- --- --�- -.--Qllarter-Centllry 011 Afidu.'ay-[Continued /r01l1 page 21you will share this occasion with us. Anysuggestions or inquiries concerning alum­ni activities at the twenty-fifth anni­versary should be addressed to ClaytonG. Loosli. Chairman of the Committeeon Alumni Activities.The history of The Clinics that Dr.Mcl.ean and Ilza Veith are writing willbe available in September, in good- timefor the celebration.IS MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINA L U]I,I N J NEWS'33. John Van Prohaska discussed"Problems in Proctology" before theWhiteside-Lee County Medical Societieson March :0 in Dixon, Illinois.'3.J. Sam \V'. Banks is chairman of thesubcommittee on sections and section workon orthopedic surgery ior the corning an­nual meeting of the American Medical As­sociation. Clinton L. Compere, '37, is amember of the same committee.'35. L. Dell Henry was president of theMichigan Allergy Society for 1950, and for1951-52 she is vice-president of the Ameri­can College of Allergists. She is part-timelecturer in speech pathology at the Uni­versity oi Michigan School of Art, Liter­ature, and Science.'37. Arnone those on the program of theChicaco Orthopaedic Society on April 11were Clinton L. Compere, who presenteda paper on "Upper Extremity Prosthesis­Chicago Project," and John J. Fahey, whodiscussed "Fixed Fibular DisplacementComplicating Fracture-Dislocation of theAnkle." Dr. Compere spoke the same daybeiore the Chicago Regional Office of theVeterans Administration Medical Societyon "Low Back Pain: Diagnosis and Treat­ment."'38. David S. Pankratz visited The Clin­ics in mid-February. He was on a businesstrip connected with his duties as dean ofthe University oi Mississippi College ofMedicine.Richard Rasmussen visited The Clinicson February IS. He was in Chicago at­tending a meeting of the Chest Club, ofwhich orzanizatio n he is secretary.'39. William Kuhlman is practicingophthalmology with the Colorado SpringsMedical Center, which recently increasedto eighteen specialists. They are completinga new addition to their building and re­modeling the old part. All University ofChicago folks are cordially invited to comeout to see them.'.JO. James D. Majarakis spoke on "TheTumor Clinic and the Hospital" before theconference of the medical staff officers andpathologists sponosorcd by the staff officerssection of the Tri-State Hospital Assemblyand the Illinois Society of Pathologists onApril 30.Edward J. Whiteley was transferred afew months ago from the Madigan ArmyHospital in Fort Lewis, Washington, tothe Army Hospital at Fort Leavenworth,Kansas, where he is doing eye and E.N.T.with some surgery. Since he is so close toChicago he hopes, depending on time andhis e.O., to be here for the June reunion.If that doesn't work out, he may be ableto get here next fall for the Academy ofOtolaryngology and OJ .hthalrnology.'41, Bob Walton writes from Charles­ton, South Carolina, that he is busy teach­ing and trying to help build a hospital.Fred Kredel, who was surgical resident inBillings in the thirties, is surgical chiefthere, and together they are probably try­ing to make the new hospital look likeBillings. At any rate, they have come to bemuch impressed with the high grade ofplanning which went on here in the earlytwenties. '-12. Lewis R. Roll is chief of Medical • enjoying a wonderful program of trainingService III at Firland Sanatorium (1,308 there. The Millers' baby boy is now fifteenbeds), on the attending staif of King months old, and they are expecting anotherCounty Hospital, and clinical instructor of next November. They like living in Sanmedicine at the University of Washington. Francisco very much.The Rolls have lived in Seattle since the '49. Sherwood P. Miller is finishing hissummer of 1945. They have two sons, second year of residency in internal medi-Kenyon B., eight, and Robert K., five, cine at Cottage Hospital in Santa Barbara.'.J3. Maxwell A. Johnson is now in In July he will start a fellowship at thepartnership with Dr. Berget H. Blocksom Lahey Clinic in Boston in internal medi-in the practice of urology in Tulsa. Dr. cine, assuming that he is not called toBlocksorn is a former intern and resident active duty with the Army. The patholo-at Billings. gist at this hospital is an old Rush man-John P. Plunkett is still in New Haven Dr. Eustace L. Benjamin, Rush, '27.-half time in the private practice of psy- '51. Henry Edelheit is still interning atchiatry and half time with the University Bellevue Hospital. He married MarthaHealth Department. The Plunketts now Ross last September 30. He will start resi-have three children: Judy, seven; Jamie, dcncy in psychiatry at Hillside Hospital,three; and Kathleen Elizabeth, who was Glen Oaks, Long Island, on July 1.born March 27, 1951. '52. Lloyd J. Roth was appointed as-S. K. Sweany is in private practice and sistant professor of pharmacology here oninstitutional work (tuberculosis) in the January 1. After receiving the M.A. andNorth Woods'. The Swcanys live at Powers, Ph.D. in chemistry from Columbia, he wasMichigan. Their latest addition is Scan an officer in the Chemical Warfare Service,Stephen, born at Chicago Lying-in Hos- and for four years he was with the Atomicpital on September 7, 1950. Energy Commission, with an interim pe-'4-1. Charles G. Gabelman has opened riod on the faculty of the College of Phar-an office for the practice of internal medi- macy at the University of Iowa for onecine in Denver, Colorado. year.George Nardi has been appointed in­structor in surgery at Harvard MedicalSchool and assistant in surgery at Massa­chusetts General Hospital. The Nardis areexpecting an heir in June.'-15. James S. Miles has been appointeddirector of the orthopedic division of theDepartment of Surgery of the Universityof Colorado in Denver.'47. After completing his pediatric resi­dency at the Rochester Child Health Insti­tute in 1950, W. R. Elgharnrner went onactive duty with the USPHS as a seniorassistant surgeon and has been the pedi­atric consultant at the Mount EdcecurnbeHospital, Alaska, and school physiciansince last September. The Elchamrnershave two sons-Jim, twenty months, andDick, five months, and they arc enjoyingthe excellent Loat inz, fishing, and huntingin Alaska. Dr. Elzhammcr plans to enterprivate practice in January, 1953.Max E. Griffin reports that on March 23he passed his examination and is now adiplomate of the American Board of Pedi­atrics. He is still in the Army and chief ofdependents' service at Camp Breckenridge,Kcntuckv.Robert R. Martelle is still in the Navyand stationed since last August at the U.S.Naval Hospital in San Diego. He is as­signed to dependents' service, departmentof pediatrics. They have a tremendous out­patient service and a 34-bed ward. He'skeeping somewhat busier than he did onthat year of sea duty.'48. Bernard Eisenstein, 1st Lt., M.C.,is now regimental surgeon of the 532dE.B.&S. Regiment, an amphibious assaultsupport unit stationed at present nearYokosuka, Japan.'49. Gerald M. Miller will start a resi­dency in urology at the University of Cali­fornia Hospital on July 1. The followingand last year of his training he will beresident at San Francisco Hospital. He is 1Jn memoriamSolomon Salkind Kauvar died on De­cember 25,1951, in Denver, of astrocytomaof the brain.Dr. Kauvar received the A.B. degreefrom the University of Deriver in 1929and the M.D. from the University of Chi­cago in 1934. Since 1936 he practicedin internal medicine in Denver and wasassociate clinical professor oi medicine atthe University of Colorado School of Medi­cine. During the last five years he reorgan­ized the health department and the DenverGeneral Hospital, making them one of themost outstanding city hea !th-hospital com­binations in the countrv. He was a memberof the new Board of Health and Hospitalsand was its president when he died.He is survived by his wife, a son, and adaughter.Philip Johnston Clark died of leukemiaon March 22 in Kansas City, Kansas.Dr. Clark was educated in Chicago andreceived his M.D. from the University ofChicago in 1940. After his internship atBillings, he served as surgeon with theMarine Corps in the Pacific and aiter thewar was resident surgeon for three yearsat the University of Kansas Medical Cen­ter. For the last two vears he has beensurgeon in the Eddy Clinic, Hays, Kansas,specializing in cancer.He is survived by his wife, the formerMargaret Conger, and three sons-Peter,David, and Douglas, all under four yearsold.His mother, Mrs. John Clark, still re­sides in Chicago. Memorial services wereheld in the chapel of the First PresbyterianChurch of Chicago on March 26.]\tEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 19FACULTY NEWSDr. \\filliam E. Adams addressed theAux Plaines Branch of the Chicago Medi­cal Socict v Fcbruarv 22 on "Indetermi­nate Pulmona[\' Lesions and Their ClinicalSicnificancc to' the General Practitioner,"a�d on February 26 he spoke on "Primaryl.unc Carcinoma' before the Dayton Sur­gica 1 Society.The entire program for the March 14meeting of the Illinois Chapter, AmericanCollege of Chest Physicians, at the Con­gress Hotel was presented by members ofthe University of Chicago faculty. Amongthe speakers were Dr. W. E. Adams andDr. J. F. Perkins, Jr., on "Studies inAltered Cardio-pulmonary Physiology inReduced Pulmonary Reserve"; Dr. W. R.Barclay, on "Differential Diagnosis of Dif­fuse Pulmonary Disease"; Dr. D. Koch­Weser, on "The Use of Tetrazolium inStudying Growth and Vitality of TubercleBacilli in uilr o'"; and Dr. C. G. Loosli, on"Some Epidemiological Aspects of Pulmo­nary Histoplasmosis."At the joint meeting of the Chicago Sur­gical Society' and the Cleveland SurtricalSociety in Chicago on April 4, Dr. W. E.Adams and Dr. J. M. Fritz presented theirwork on "Subscapular Paraffin Prosthesisas a Supplement to Thoracoplasty in Pul­monary Tuberculosis"; Dr. H. P. Jenkinszave an address on "Gallstone Ileus"; andDr. C. W. Vermeulen spoke on "Growthand Dissolution of Urinary Calculi in Ex­perimental Animals."Dr. Wright Adams and Dr. EmmetBay attended the meetings of the Ameri­can Heart Association in Cleveland, April17-19. Dr. Adams will speak to the Ameri­can Geriatrics Society in Chicago, June 5,on "Coronary Artery Disease in the Aged."At the sectional meeting of the Ameri­can College of Surgeons in Minneapolis onMarch 24, Dr. J. G. Allen spoke on "SomePhysiologic Considerations in Surgery ofthe Spleen." At the same meeting Dr. PaulW. Schafer, of the University of KansasSchool of Medicine, gave an address en­titled, "Treatment of Shock without Bloodand Plasma in a Major Disaster."Dr. Allen discussed "Abnormal BleedingAssociated with Blood Transfusion" at theannual session of the American College ofPhysicians in Cleveland, April 21-25, Dr.Robert H. Ebert spoke on "Changes inConnective Tissue Reaction Induced byCortisone," and Dr. Leon O. Jacobsongave a paper on irradiation injury.Ray Brown was made a fellow of theAmerican Public Health Association duringthe San Francisco meetings in December.He spoke on "The Hospital Administrator"on March 5 at the Third Annual Tubercu­losis Conference in Chicago.Dr. Alexander Brunschwig was electedto honorary membership in the NationalSociety of Surgeons of Cuba at their annualmeeting in Pina del Rey on January 26.Dr. Percival Bailey, Distinguished Pro­fessor of Neurology and Neurological Sur­gery and director of the Illinois State Psy­chiatric Institute, gave an address entitled,"The Search for the Soul" before the NorthSuburban Branch of the Chicago Medical Society on April 14. Dr. Henry R. Jacobsis president of this branch.Dr. Douglas N. Buchanan participatedin the third symposium conducted by theResearch Council of United Cerebral Palsyat the Academy of Medicine in Clevelandon March 28, and on April 24-25 he tookpart in a pediatric neurology symposiumat the annual session of the AmericanAcadcmv of Neurology in Louisville.Dr. Paul Cannon's chairman's addresson June 11 before the section on pathologyand physiology of the American MedicalAssociation is entitled, "Problems of Pa­renteral Alimentation." At the same ses­sion Dr. C. G. Loosli will talk on "SomeEpidemiological Aspects of Pulmonary His­toplasmosis," Dr. J. F. Perkins, Jr., willdiscuss "Tests of Pulmonary Function UsingRecording Oxirnetcrs," and Dr. Paul E.Steiner will speak on "Human Siuniucanccof Experimental Carcinogenesis." On March29 Dr. Cannon spoke before the CaliforniaAcademy of Medicine in San Francisco on"Electrolyte Metabolism with ParticularReference to Potassium and Sodium."Dr. Dwight Clark will present his workon "A Five Year Experience with Radio­active Iodine in the Treatment of Hyper­thyroidism" on June 12 at the A.M.A.meetings.Dean L. T. Coggeshall was chairmanof the annual clinical conference of theChicago Medical Society held March 4-7at the Palmer House. In June he will speakon "Development of Therapy in TropicalMedicine" at the general scientific meetingsof the A.M.A.Dr. William J. Dieckmann discussed"Sodium and Potassium Chloride Ions inPre-eclampsia" before a joint meeting ofthe Chicago Gynecological Society, St.Louis Gynecological Society, and KansasCity Obstetrical and Gynecological Societyat the Dora De Lee Hall of Chicago Lying­in Hospital on April 18. Dr. Harry B. W.Benaron spoke on "A New Principle inthe Treatment of Persistent Occipitopos­terior Position." On March 21 Dr. Dieck­mann presented a paper on "The Etiologyof Pre-eclampsia-Eclampsia. IV. SodiumChloride Test for the Diagnosis of Pre­eclampsia" before the Chicago Gynecologi­cal Society.Dr. Albert Dorfman and Dr. F. Was·sermann participated in a symposium on"Connective Tissue" on March· 11 at ameeting of the Society for ExperimentalBiology and Medicine, Illinois Section.Dr. Robert Ebert attended the secondnational conference on medical educationsupported by the Markle Foundation inBuck Hill Falls, Pennsylvania, on April 6-9. On May 1 he participated in the sym­posium on cortisone and compound F atthe College of Medicine of the Universityof Cincinnati. On May 25-29 he attendeda meeting of the National Trudeau Asso­ciation, of which he is a panel member.Dr. Lillian Eichelberger attended theFederation meetings in New York, whereshe and Dr. James Miles presented a paperon the cartilage of children with polio­myelitis. Dr. E. M. K. Geiling and Dr. KennethDuBois gave a series of lectures on phar­macology at the university of South Da­kota in Vermillion, February 20-March 7.Dr. George Gomori delivered the Isi­dore Friesner Lecture of the Mount SinaiHospital in New York on March 7. Hespoke on "Histochemistry of Enzymes."Dr. Henry N. Harkins, chairman of theDepartment oi Surgery of the Universityof Washington, will discuss "A Clinicaland Experimental Evaluation of the Bill­roth I and II Methods of Subtotal Gas­trectomy for Duodenal Ulcer" on June 12at the annual meeting of the A.M.A.In mid-February Dr. C. HowardHatcher attended a conference on "Art i­iicial Limbs" in Los Angeles and on hisreturn was a guest speaker of the CountyMedical Society in Santa Fe, New Mexico.On March 26 he spoke on "Pathology"before the Chicago Rheumatism Society.Dr. Eleanor M.Humphreys willtalk on "The Thy­mus and ThymicTumors in Myas­thenia Gravis" onJune 12 at theA.M.A. meetings.Dr. J Alfred Riderwill open the dis­cussion of her paper.Dr. Leon O. Jacobson gave the R. W.Stewart and Charles and Karl EmmerlingMemorial Lecture before the PittsburghAcademy of Medicine on April S. His sub­ject was "Humoral. Factor in Recoveryfrom Irradiation Injury." In August Dr._[ acobson will participate in the' GordonResearch Conference on Cancer to be heldin New London, Xew Hampshire.In February Dr. Joseph Kirsner spokeon "Chronic Ulcerative Colitis" before theColumbus Academy of Medicine in Colum­bus, Ohio. He spoke before the Chicago So­ciety of Internal Medicine on April 28 on"The Effect of Xewer Antisccretorv Drugsupon Basal Gastric Secretion in :--,lan." Atthe same rncet inz Dr. \'V'illiam B. Looneyspoke on "Chronic Effects of Radium SaltsAdministered Orally and Parenterally toHuman Subjects." And he will give a paperon "Newer Gastric Antisecretory Drugs"at the American Gast roenterolozical Asso­ciation in At la ntic City, May 2":'3.Dr. H. G. Kobrak has been elected anhonorary member of the Kansas Academyof Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. H'erecently participated in medical meetingsin Kansas and spoke on "The AcousticalSpectrum" at the in-service course gi\'enby the School of Public Health of the Uni­vcrsity oi Michigan.Dr. Arlington C. Krause and Dr. '\),7. B.Hepner, '-1-1, of the Universitv of TexasMedical Branch in Galveston, participatedon April 15 in the fourth annual meetingof the midwestern section of the Associ­ation for Research in Opht halmo logv heldat the Indiana University Medical' Centerin Indianapolis. They presented their inves­tigations on "Retrolental Fibroplasia: Ani­mal Studies." On May 15 Dr. Krause willspeak on "Blindness in Premature Infants"20 :\IEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINBIRTHSat the annual mcctirn; of the Illinois StateJ\11'<iical Soci!'!y in Chicago.Dr. John H" Lindsay will be among thespeakers at a meeting of the Gcoruia So­ciety of Ophthalmlllo).!;)' and Otolaryngol­o).!;y March 7 and S at Savannah. I lis suh­jcct will be "Vcrt ico : Differential Di.umosisand Trcat mcnt ; Secretory Otitis Media."Dr. Clayton G. Loosli has accepted ap­pointment to the Scicnt ific Advisory Com­rnittcc of thc Common Cold Foundation,Dr. Loosli presented his work on "TheEpidemiological and Clinical Aspects ofPulruonary Histoplasmosis in a Farm Fam­ily" at the mcct inzs of the American Societyfor Clinical Investigation and the Associ­ation of American Physicians in AtlanticCit y, l\1av 5-7.Dr. Juies H. Masserman, now associateprofessor of nervous and mental diseasesat Xorthwcstern University, spoke on "Psy­chiatry in Western Europe" on April 3 be­fore the Institute for Psychosomatic andPsychiatric Research and Training, MichaelReese Hospital.In Februarv Dr. C. Phillip Miller wentto Washinzton, D.C., for a meeting of thc. Committee on International Exchange ofPersons. On the same trip hc took partin a mect inz oi the board of directors ofthe Life Insurance Medical Research Fund.On March 15 he lectured on "Clinical andLaboratory Aspects of Antibiotic Therapy"before thc Arrnv Medical Service GraduateSchool in Washington, D.C.Dr. Walter L. Palmer attended a meet­inJ.:\ of thc American Board of InternalMedicine in New Orleans in February.Dr. John F. Perkins, Jr., discussed"Tests of Pulmonary Function UtilizinaRecording Oximetcrs" at the meetings ofthe Federation in Xcw York, April 14-18.He also had an exhibit and daily demon­strations on "Recording Oxirncters for Testsof Pulmonary Function for Use duringSurgery and for Teaching RespiratoryPhysiology." Dr. Adolfo Flores and Dr.Willard W. Webber assisted with thedemonstrations, and Dr. William E.Adams, Dr. H. Livingstone, Dr. W. H.Johnson, and Dr. R. A. Weaver alsoaided in the preparation of this exhibit.Dr. Henry R.Ricketts has beenelected chairman ofthe board of the In­stitute of Medicineof Chicano. He par­ticipated in a sym­posium on diabetesmellitus and nutri­tion at the MedicalCollege of Virginiain Richmond, onMarch 20-21. He spoke on "Serum Lipidsand Atherosclerosis." He discussed the samesubject on March 24 at thc joint meetingof the Chicago Society of Internal Medi­cine and the Chicago Diabetic Associationon March 24. At the A.M.A. meeting inJune, Dr. Ricketts will participate in aquestion-and-answer conference on diabeteson .Tune 11 and the following day willspeak on "Modern Treatment of DiabetesMellitus."Dr. O. H. Robertson delivered hispresidential address to the Association ofAmerican Physicians at their meeting inAtlantic City on May 6.Dr. Paul Schafer and Dr. J. GarrottAllen were recently elected to the Ameri- can Suruicnl Association at its meeting inWhitc Sulphur Springs.Dr. StephenRothman spoke on"Systemic. Disturb­ances in Trichophy­ton l'urpureum In­fections" before theannual meeting ofthe American Der­matological Associ­ation in ColoradoSprings,' April 23-26.Dr. Harold F. Schuknecht lectured in apostgraduate course at the University ofKansas in mid-March on "Lesions of theCochlea and Cancer of the Sinuses." Atthc February meeting of the Jackson ParkBranch of the Chicago Medical Society heuavc a paper on "Is Radical Surgery Justi­fiable in the Treatment oi Cancer of theHead and Neck?" Dr. Heinrich Kobrakpresented his colored moving picture ofThe Ear at Work at the same meeting.It was good to have a letter from Dr.Mercy A. Southwick of Bigfork, Montana,sayim; she enjoyed the BULLETIN andsending grectings to her old friends here.Dr. A. Earl Walker of Johns HopkinsHospital addressed the Chicago Neurologi­cal Society on February 12 on "A Critiqueof the Surgery for Hydrocephalus."Dr. Russell M. Wilder of Bethesda,Maryland, will speak on "Public HealthAspects of Arthritis" on Junc 12 at theA.M.A. meetings.Dr. Rob crt Wissler was awarded theJoseph A. Capps prize of $600 for his studyon the production of atheromatous lesionsin thc albino rat. On March 10 Dr. Wisslerspoke on "Thc Factors Associated withAtheromatous Lesions in the Rat" bcforethe Chicago Pathological Society.r:....."Senior Scientific Sessi011-[Continued /1'0111 p. IIIity and complement fixation, was con­centrated in about one-sixth of the serumprotein.Further studies are under way to meas­ure the localizing ability of these puri­fied fractions after coupling with p:nand intravenous injection. Experiments'ha ve been started to extend this pro­cedure to other anti-tissue antisera.B U L L E TI N ;:fi;::i}ll:of the Alumni Association p"_"00�..1, '\The University of Chicago �,.( i;:",j:�'fYl':D.,;:;JSCHOOL OF MEDICINEVOL. 8 SPRING 1952 No.3\\'ILI.IA>f LESTF.R, JR., EdilorHUBERTA LIVINGSTO!llE, Associate EditorMembers of the Editorial Boord:CLAHON G. LOOSLI'ROBERT H. EBERTJESSIE DURNS :MACLEAN, SecretaryPrice of yearly subscnption $2.00 Dr. and Mrs. Robert R. Bigelow-Wil­liam. November 9, 1951.Dr. and Mrs. Dieter Koch-Weser-CarolAnn. February 12, J 952.Capt. and Mrs. G. R, Weygandt-CarolynLouise. February 21 (in Germany).Dr. and Mrs. Roberto Rodriguez-JuliaAudrey. February 22.Dr. and Mrs. J. Alfred Rider-Dean Lol­ler. February 22.Dr. and Mrs. L Edward Ellinwood­Steven Rade. February 29.Dc. and Mrs. Guillermo J. Melvillc­Carol Ann. March 16.Dr. and Mrs. Joseph D. O'Keefe-LindaChristine. March 19.Drs. Donald and Janet Rowley-DonaldAdams. March 20.Dr. and Mrs. Kenneth Hayes-LindaCharman. April' 2.Dr. and Mrs. James M. Fritz-Wendy.April3.Dr. and Mrs Ben Spargo-Janet. April17.Dr. and Mrs. Robert Van Etten-Son.April 26.Dr. and Mrs. Louis Gluck--Stephen.May 12.CORRIDOR COMMENTAs usual the spring issue is devoted main­ly to the graduating class. Abstracts of thepapers they will give at their ScientificSession on June 11 are printed on pages3-5 and 11. For their interest and helpwith this issue we are particularly grate­ful to Bloomfield for his adroit caricatures,to Pattulio for his poetic toast, and toCummings for his sardonic prose.* * *As the end of our fiscal year approacheswe want to report on membership andgifts. About 65 per cent of all graduatesare dues-paying members-2 i per cent life­members and 38 per cent annual. and theyhave contributed $676 in gifts. Two hun­dred and twenty-two staff members, pastand present, paid dues this year, and 131are life-members. They contributed $427.This year there has been a gratifyingamount of interest in the BULLETI:\" amongRush graduates which we hope will con­tinuc. Our total income for the year isover $4,400, of which $475, by statute, mustbe invested. Our incomc has never been sohigh, but neither have our expenses. Weneed your support more than we ever did.* * *The Nominating Committee's selection ofofficers for 1952-53 now seems assured ofapproval. The panel is:President: Walter L. Palmer (Rush '21)Vice-Pres.: Eleanor Humphreys (Rush'31)Secty.: George V: Le Roy (U of C '34)Trcas.: Leon O. Jacobson (U of C. '39)Members of the Council (for 3 years):Frank B. Kelly (Rush '20)Eloise Parsons (Rush '25)