.lume 4 SUMMER 1948 Number 3THE REUNION BANQUETI'he Alumni Association of the University of Chicago Schoolv.Iedicine held its first reunion banquet, as announced, one 23 in the Crystal Ballroom of the Shoreland Hotel. Their was a complete success in all respects. Two hundred ands mtcen alumni, former resident staff, faculty, and guests at­led. Ninety-five were graduates. Seating was arranged so thatsmates might sit together with one or more faculty members.! first class, 1930, was represented by Dr. Isee L. Connell.! largest class representations were eleven, thirteen, and tenthe classes of 1943, 1944, and 194$, respectively. Sixty-fiveilty attended, and twenty-four former Lying-in staff mern-3 were present, in addition to twenty members of the residentf from other clinical departments. The Lying-in group, in­ling present faculty, occupied three entire tables. Many sent'ets that they were unable to attend. The dinner was pre­-d by a social and cocktail hour.)r. Clayton G. Loosli, '37, retiring president of the Alumni Association, did a splendid job of presiding and acting as toast­master.The speeches were marked by brevity, wit, and enthusiasmfor the School. Dr. Palmer led off with a brief review of the or­ganizational days of the School and paid tribute to the contribu­tions of Dr. Franklin C. McLean. Dr. Prohaska, representingthe graduates, told some delightful anecdotes of the earlier in­formal days at The Clinics. Dr. L. Gregg, chairman of the De­partment of Medicine at Pittsburgh, reviewed his experience asa resident and pointed out the increasing significance of the full­time system in modern medical education. Dean Coggeshallbrought up to date the building program and plans for the ex­pansion of clinical and laboratory facilities. Chancellor Hutchinspaid tribute to the self-sufficiency of the Medical School and theprestige whichit has brought to the University.The reunion broke up with everyone expressing the wish:"Let's do it again-and soon!"2 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINResearch in MedicalTraining*By DR. LESTER R. DRAGSTEDTI am grateful for the opportunity totake part in this program and to add mywelcome to our returning alumni. Al­though there have been some changes inthe Department of Surgery, I am sureyou are all gratified to know that Dr.Phemister is still with us, taking an ac­tive part in teaching, research, and in thecare of patients. The ideals of the Depart­ment have not changed. We believe weteach more effectively by example thanby precept.It has been suggested that I talk toyou about research as a method of educa­tion. I am glad to do this, because severalyears ago 1 engaged in a debate on thistopic with Dr. Arthur E. Hertzler, authorof the well-known Horse and Buggy Doc­tor. In this book Dr. Hertzler makes thefollowing statement about medical teach­ing and teachers: "I give place to no manin the appreciation of the medical re­searcher, but his problems are not for themedical student. Researchers should bequarantined both for their own good andfor the good of the student. I speak sym­pathetically, because I have dabbled inthe border lines myself, but I have nevermentioned them to my students. The factshould be recognized that the averagedoctor never does catch up with what theresearcher is doing. We doctors should bespared the agony of the scientific deliveryroom and should be allowed to hold thebaby only after the nurse has him all pol­ished up and dressed." That is, as I un­derstand it, a picturesque statement ofthe position held by many-that the stu­dent learns best by the didactic methodand should be spared the agony of think­ing for himself. It assumes, furthermore,that the scientific babies finally do be­come dressed and polished and that theclothes will not later (after graduation)need to be changed.Mr. Dooley was a bartender on ArcherAvenue in Chicago during the early yearsof the century and was wont to discussmany things with his friend, Mr. Hennes­sy, which were recorded for a larger audi­ence by Finley Peter Dunne. On the sub­ject of education, Mr. Dooley had this tosay: "Childher shudden't be sint to schoolto lam, but to lam how to lam. I don'tcare what ye lam thim so long as 'tis on­pleasant to thim. 'Tis thrainin' they need,Hinnissy." I prefer the philosophy of thesage of Archer Avenue to that of the fa­mous "horse-and-buggy doctor" of Hal­sted, Kansas. I believe that only the manwho knows by experience the method oforiginal investigation, its difficulties anddisappointments, and the tentative char­acter of its conclusions, is qualified toteach science, at least at the graduatelevel. Only the investigator can really ap-• Speech given by Dr. Dragstedt at theMedical Alumni Reunion Banquet at theShoreland Hotel, June 23, I948. preciate the basis in fact for the opinionthat passes as knowledge. Once this opin­ion becomes sanctified by 'inclusion in atextbook, and clarified and elaborated insubsequent textbooks based on the first,it forms part and parcel of commonknowledge, and its position becomes al­most unassailable.I have sometimes had occasion toglance at notes prepared for lectures tomedical classes twenty years ago and toreflect on the status of our knowledge atthat time and today. I am appalled at thethought that some may be working nowwith the equipment of that period. Thiswould be true unless the student hadlearned how to learn either in school orsubsequently. Why not in the medicalschool? In the program of graduate train­ing in surgery at the University of Chi­cago, the candidate after completion ofthe intern year is required to spend a yearin research, either alone or in associationwith a member of the staff. It is not ourthought that any considerable proportionof these men will become professional in­vestigators or occupy academic positionsbut rather that they will benefit from theexperience as part of the educationalprocess. The beginner makes many mis­takes, and he draws conclusions not war­ranted by the evidence; but he learns bythe experience, he becomes aware ofmany pitfalls, and he is better able toevaluate what he reads. It is unfortunatethat all students cannot be given this ad­vantage. The program is expensive. Itconsumes much of the teacher's time andenergy, and there is considerable waste ofmaterial. Possibly not all students aresufficiently capable to warrant the ex­penditure. But where it can be done, letit not be discouraged. Medicine is notstatic, and the method of its progressshould not be kept secret.In conclusion, I should like to repeat,somewhat altered, a statement from Wil­liam Osler: He who does research withoutreading sails an uncharted sea. He whoreads but docs no research never puts tosea at all.The School of Medicine andPostgraduate Training*By DR. WALTER L. PALMERWhen your committee kindly invitedme to be one of the speakers at this ban­quet, the first instructions were to "rem­inisce about the good old days"! This in­junction, I must confess, gave me quite ajolt, for the prerogative to reminisceabout the good old days had alwaysseemed to me to be one reserved for octo­genarians tottering into senility. How­ever, it is true that thirty-one years haveelapsed since my admission to the U ni­versity of Chicago as a medical student.Indeed, when I endeavor to remember indetail the stirring events of the first WorldWar, the happy days in medical school, in• Remarks made at the Medical AlumniReunion Banquet, June 23, I948. internship, and in residency, it is all toeevident that the inevitable forgetfulnesiis far advanced.The opening of Billings Hospital in thefall of 1927 and the organization of theclinical departments was indeed a thrilling experience for all of us, faculty anestudents alike. There is not time tonighireally to reminisce, to tell you of themany memories which flood into my minefrom these early days. I would like to takethis opportunity to pay tribute to the organizational ability, the wisdom, and thetolerance of the first chairman of the Department of Medicine, Dr. Franklin CMcLean. We members of his faculty wenyoung men from quite different medicabackgrounds and with somewhat different views as to what kind of departrnenand medical school we should build. DrMcLean sought patiently and persistentljto reconcile our disagreements and to create an institution in which the spirit of research and investigation should be dominant.Our first chief medical resident wa:Chester Keefer. Chester did an excellenjob. During the first year we followed thlJohns Hopkins plan of having only orumedical service under the supervision 0the chief resident. The members of thlfaculty served as consultants only. Thisystem proved unsatisfactory to thlfaculty, and so in the second year thlpresent system of multiple medical services was adopted.As the depression came upon us, tluRockefeller Foundation began to withdraw its generous support, and the University was faced with a financial problem. The clinical departments of the University were operating under a scparauand special budget, which was about t(collapse. The best available source of income seemed to be that derived from patients, and so the institution gradualljunderwent a transition from a charitjhospital to a pay clinic as it now is-a fulltime group practice, pay-clinic arrangement functioning in a university and deriving 70 per cent of its budget dircctl,from income from patients. This is 1unique situation and, in the opinion 0most of us, a highly satisfactory one.In the early years there was much discuss ion of what we called the "Rush problem." Throughout this long controversjMr. Hutchins stood resolutely by the decis ion to concentrate undergraduate medical education on the South Side. The ultimate outcome, as you all know, was thldecision of the Rush group to withdravf rom the University of Chicago and t(join with the University of lllinois. WIare deeply indebted to Mr. Hutchins fohis steadfastness in this long ordeal ancalso for the many other ways in which hihas befriended the Medical School.Many of our early faculty disagreements had to do with details of curriculum and with the role of research in thotraining of medical students. As we haygrown older, however, most of us have resigned ourselves to the fact that a mediMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 3d-school curriculum is almost as im­.ovable and immutable as the Sphinx./hatever the deficiencies of the curricu­.rn may be, we of the faculty are allroud of the product. Our graduates haveone us honor everywhere. Nevertheless,.e do regret that there is so little time.id opportunity for research. The educa­onal value of contact with experimenta­on and investigation is very great. This.ct is generally admitted, but, neverthe­SS, we have made contact with research.most impossible for the undergraduate.he situation is lamentable, but I doubtanything can be done about it.It has been suggested that I commentriefly on our postgraduate training pro­ram for the various specialty boards. Insense there is no such program. Histori­lily in this country postgraduate medi-11 education has not been considered gen­rally to be a university or medical-schoolmotion. Postgraduate schools as suchave not been very successful. The hos­ital, rather than the university, haserved as the graduate training center.'he Johns Hopkins Hospital first empha­.zed the value of the residency. Through1e years this pattern of hospital resi­ency training rather than university-ork has grown and developed. As a rule,.ie best hospitals have been connected-ith medical schools, but the residencyas been a function of the hospital ratherhan of the university.The American Specialty Boards, es­ablishcd for the purpose of setting stand­rds and providing certain over-all con­rol, have rapidly attained an importanceot anticipated by their founders. The in­.uence of the boards has been profoundnd, on the whole, very beneficial. Theyave certainly raised standards and em­.hasized the importance of postgraduateraining. They have contributed to theievitable trend toward specialization.The requirements of the boards are, inssence, that the candidate demonstrateuperior knowledge, ability, and judg­[lent. The great value of the intern andesidency years in the formation of thisuperior ability has become increasinglylear. It has been said, and I think quite.roperly, that a man's future is deter­[lined to a large extent by the use henakes of the first five years after gradua­ion from medical school. These are criti­al years.It is not surprising, therefore, to findhat these young men are taking more.nd more of the faculty time, attention,. nd energy. Our residents, assistants, andcllows are mature, serious students; theyrc ambitious, energetic, and capable. Wenust help to prepare them for certifica­ion; it is difficult and, I think, unwise tostablish courses or attempt to enforce. ny sort of stereotyped program. Thesetudents have individual capacities,leeds, and abilities. Our greater concernmd opportunity, it seems to me, is to in­crest them in research. They do haveirno to think, to study, and to be curious..t may be that in the long run the success or failure of the faculty will be best meas­ured in terms of its ability to stimulatethese young colleagues to enter the high­ways and byways of investigation. Theopportunity of the faculty is challenging,unlimited, thrilling .As Dr. Dragstedt and I and our gen­eration go tottering along into senility, weshall look back with many happy mem­ories and look forward with supreme con­fidence; we shall be content to leave thefuture of our institution in the hands ofour young friends of the next generation.They will achieve the goals of which wehave dreamed, a world in which all pa­tients with peptic ulcer will have a vagot­omy, or, better still, will not need a vagot­omy to cure their ulcers; or, even betteryet, guided by Mr. Hutchins, a world notonly of international peace but of innerpeace, where there will be no conflicts orfrustrations, and hence, if our psychiatricfriends are correct, a world in which therewill be no peptic ulcers.Student-Faculty DinnerSpeakerDr. Donald C. Anderson, who was theprincipal speaker at the annual Student­Faculty Dinner in March, 1948, is secre­tary oj the Council on Medical Educationand Hospitals oj the American MedicalAssociation. He Jollowed in this positionDr. Victor E. Johnson, '39, who resigned toaccept an appointment as director oj theMayo F oundation J or Medical Educationand Research.ANDERSONAt the time he joined the A .M.A., Dr.11 ndcrson was assistant projessor oj medi­cine and dean oj the School oj Medicine ojBoston University.From 1943 to 1945 Dr. A nderson col­laborated with Dr. Chester S. KeeJer as theresponsible investigator on an O.S.R.D.contract to study the clinical elfectiveness ojpenicillin and to collect information on theuse oj penicillin in the treatment oj injec­tions. From the study have come severalpapers. The Attitude of Societytoward the Physician"By DONALD G. ANDERSONOn the eve of your formal admissionto the medical profession, I thought thatit might be well to review some of the at­titudes of society toward our profession.I shall not dwell on the traditional respectand affection that we like to believe thephysician enjoys among his fellow-men.Rather, I believe it would be more profit­able to consider certain alterations in thisattitude that appear -to be taking place.It probably will not be a complete sur­prise to you to be told that there arepeople who do not feel friendly towardphysicians. I refer not to the followers ofcults but to a fairly considerable group ofour own patients and their relatives who,while recognizing the benefits of medicine,do not have a very high regard for physi­cians. You may be surprised in the yearsahead to find that this view is not alwayslimited to those who are by nature unap­preciative or censorious and that many ofour fellow-citizens who appear to be oth­erwise reasonable and intelligent sharethis attitude.At first, you may feel considerable re­sentment toward those who are criticalof physicians. To fit yourselves for thepractice of medicine, you have alreadysubmitted to the most strenuous type ofpreparation, putting aside many oppor­tunities for profit or pleasure. You areprepared to continue to work harder thanmost men and to make further sacrificescheerfully. You have observed your sen­iors working long hours in the hospital orin their laboratories for the benefit ofothers and to the neglect of their owncomfort and convenience and that of theirfamilies. You stand ready to do likewise.With this background and without be­ing unduly sentimental about it, you un­doubtedly believe that you and mostother physicians are at least as unselfishand altruistic as most men-and prob­ably a little more so than the average. Inthis state of mind it is difficult to compre­hend that any significan t group might dis­like physicians or question their ideals orpractices.The unfortunate truth is that wephysicians do at times act in such a wayas to arouse the criticism of the public andour patients. Tragically, it is more oftenthan not the little things, which in ourscale of values appear unimportant, thatare responsible for this attitude .Patients and their families are fre­quently not in a position to appreciate thefine points of medical science, of skilfuldiagnosis, and of expert therapy. To alarge degree, perhaps to too large a de­gree, they take such things for granted .Often more important to the patient orhis family is the promptness with which a• Condensation of a talk given at theAnnual Faculty-Student Dinner of theSchool of Medicine, March 18, 1948.(Cont. on page 5)4 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINSCIENTIFIC SECTIONFactors Contributing to theProgress of EsophagealSurgery during thePast DecadeBy WILLIAM E. ADAMSInterest in surgery of the esophagusbegan in the latter part of the nineteenthcentury when Billroth, in 18n, success­fully removed the esophagus in experi­mental animals. This was followed, in1874, by successful resection in humansof the cervical esophagus for carcinomaby Czerny. Although much clinical andexperimental study followed, little prog­ress was made until 1913, when Torek re­ported removal of the thoracic esophagusfor carcinoma in a sixty-seven-year-oldwoman. This stimulated further work onthe problem but without notable success.At the beginning of the past decade mosttumors of this organ were treated byX-ray. This was due to the fact that surgi­cal removal carried an almost prohibitiverisk and that successful results were notfrequently achieved.During the last ten years intermittentexperimental studies have been made.Our investigations at the University ofChicago may be divided into threegroups. In the first group a portion of thelower esophagus was resected and the up­per cut end reunited with a portion of thestomach brought into the chest. The mostsuccessful procedure consisted of a trans­thoraco-abdominal approach, elevation ofthe stomach into the lower thorax and re­union of the esophagus with the fundus ofthe stomach by two rows of interruptedsutures. From these experiments the fol­lowing principles were established: (1)tension on the suture line of anastomosisis one of the major causes of its failure toheal and therefore must be avoided and(2) interrupted suture technique shouldbe used in order to avoid stenosis at thesite of anastomosis following the opera­tion.Following this investigative work theseprinciples were given clinical application.In February, 1938, Dr. Phemister and Iused this procedure in a fifty-three-year­old woman who, ,on examination, wasfound to have a carcinoma in the lowerend of the esophagus. This patient had anuneventful convalescence and is well andfree of any evidence of recurrence at thepresent time, approximately ten yearslater. Our experiments have been repeat­ed by a number of other workers whocame to the same conclusions. More re­cently, reports in increasing numbers ofsuccessful resections of carcinoma of theesophagus have appeared.The operation above described wasfirst applied to only those lesions located in the lower third of the esophagus. Thenext problem was to determine to whatheight the stomach could be elevated foranastomoses with the esophagus followingresection of that organ for a lesion in themiddle and upper third. The second groupof experiments was carried out for thispurpose. These consisted in mobilizationof the entire thoracic esophagus in onegroup and mobilization of the entirestomach in another. Although some ofthese animals expired, it was apparentthat the cause of death was not from ne­crosis of the stomach or esophagus due toinsufficient circulation. Thus, it was foundpossible to elevate the entire stomach intothe chest for anastomosis with the esoph­agus following high resections. Some ofthe experiments in this second group en­tailed elevation of the stomach to theapex of the pleural cavity and anastomo­sis with the cervical esophagus throughthe anterior chest wall after it had beenbrought out at the base of the neck. Inthese experiments, likewise, fatalitieswere not caused by necrosis at the line ofsuture.In the third group of experiments,which has as yet not been completed, astudy is being made regarding the healingof incisional wounds of the esophagus.The esophagus has been incised in itslongitudinal axis as well as transversely,following which the wound was sutured inlayers. The wounds have healed routinelyper primum, although the dogs were al­lowed to take water and a liquid diet im­mediately following surgery. Clinical ap­plication of this later study may be madein operations for cardiospasms, diverticu­lum, benign stricture of the esophagus,and the closure of traumatic wounds. Itwould appear from the results of the ex­periments in Group III that, with simplewounds of the esophagus, surgical ortraumatic, or in the removal of benigntumors, closure of the wounds in layersmay be expected to heal per primum andthat the patient may be allowed waterand a liquid diet in limited amounts im­mediately following surgery.Studies on BacterialResistance to AntibioticsBy C. PHILLIP MILLERDepartment of MedicineThe development of bacterial resist­ance to antibiotics is a problem which hasbeen under investigation in this labora­tory for several years with the collabora­tion of Miss Marjorie Bohnhoff.It has been found that a penicillin­sensitive organism like meningococcuscan gradually acquire resistance duringsub cultivation on media containing in- creasing concentrations of the drug. Re­sistance to penicillin has also been devel­oped by repeated passage through micetreated with subcurative doses of peni­cillin.In contrast with the slow developmentof penicillin resistance, a high degree ofstreptomycin resistance can be acquiredduring a very few transfers on streptomy­cin media. In an attempt to explain thisrapid development of streptomycin re­sistance, it was found that streptomycin­resistant variants appear when cultures ofsensitive micro-organisms are cultivatedfor the first time on appropriate concen­trations of the drug: These variants pre­sumably arise by mutation. They are oftwo types. One, designated type A, is re­sistant to high concentrations of the drugand is virulent for mice, producing infec­tions against which large doses of strepto­mycin provide no protection. The othervariant, designated type B, is dependentupon streptomycin for its growth on solidor in liquid media and also within thebody of an infected animal host.When inoculated intraperitoneally intomice, these streptomycin-dependent me­ningococci produce no infection unless themice are treated with streptomycin, inwhich case they develop an overwhelmingmeningococcal sepsis and die. Cultures ofthe heart's blood are positive but only onstreptomycin-containing media, demon­strating that the meningococci retaintheir dependence on streptomycin duringmultiplication within the body of the in­fected animal. Untreated control miceregularly survive such inoculations.Streptomycin-resistant (type A) andstreptomycin-dependent (type B) vari­ants have been isolated from all eighteenstrains of meningococcus and from a num­ber of other bacterial species, includingAerobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli,Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas pyocy­anea, Salmonella, and staphylococci.Growth studies on streptomycin-reosistant and streptomycin-dependent vari­ants of a strain of colon bacillus haveshown them to be much more exacting intheir nutritional requirements than theparent strain, which is able to multiplyabundantly in a simple synthetic mediumThe variants appear to have lost theirability to synthesize certain essentiaamino acids. .Throat cultures of patients undergoingtreatment with streptomycin have ShOWIthat streptomycin-resistant and streptom ycin -dependen t micro-organisms appeain the pharynx during the first week 0two of streptomycin therapy. The throacultures of 98-4 per cent of sixty-one patients contained large numbers of streptomycin-resistant bacteria, all of which belonged to species normally inhabiting thhuman throat. The only unusual find in.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 5las a high incidence of yeastlike formsmonilia).In a control series consisting of 157iernbers of the hospital staff, studentody, and clerical personnel, negative re­.ilts were obtained on 96 per cent. The-emaining 4 per cent had a few strepto­iycin-resistant bacteria in their throats,;5 did 10 per cent of 70 patients not re­eiving streptomycin. The highest inci­ence of positive cultures in the controleries (21 per cent) occurred in the nurs-19 and ward personnel. Considerableumbers of streptomycin-resistant and a-w streptomycin-dependent micro-or­anisms were found in the throats of 4urses who were caring for patients re­ziving streptomycin. Although the seriestoo small to be significant, this findingiggcsts that streptomycin-resistant bac­-ria which develop in the throats of.rcptomycin-treated patients may be.ansferred to the nurses who look afteriern.'enicillin Resistance of BetaHemolytic Streptococci"By HORACE M. GEZONDepartment of PediatricsTwenty-eight strains of groups A, B,id C beta hemolytic streptococci were. rially transferred repeatedly on media'mtaining an increasing concentration of'micillin in an attempt to induce in vitro. sistance. Group A and C organisms ac­'lired resistance very slowly, whileoup B strains became resistant rela­vely rapidly. The maximum change insistance was I7-fold for the formeroups and roo-fold for group B strainster sixty transfers. The acquired re­.tance persisted throughout numerousbcultivations on plain media or serial.ssages in normal mice for the group B.d C organisms but was lost for theoup A streptococci.Mouse virulence was lost in all resist­.t strains. In about 50 per cent of the:ains the virulence could be restored bytracerebral passages in normal mice.Many of the group A and C and a fewthe group B organisms, after acquiringnicillin resistance, lost their group spe­icity; however, some of the, strainsuld not be grouped after a similar num­r of transfers on control media. Noneowed a transformation from one groupanother.During growth on penicillin media all. the group Band C and most of theoup A strains showed transient re­rsible changes in hemolysis and coloniale and shape. The hemolytic change was-m the normal beta to alpha or gammaoes of colonies. The colonies reverted to� normal hemolysis on subsequent.nsfer to lower concentrations of peni­lin or to plain blood agar media. Manythe colonies were minute on penicillin• Summary of studies which appeared inOC. Exp. Bioi. &r M ed., 67: 208-19, 1948. . media but returned to the normal mattforms on plain media.The in vitro results suggest that peni­cillin resistance may not become a prob­lem of clinical importance for group Aand C streptococci. It should be empha­sized, however, that these observationson the group and strain behavior of arti­ficially resistant streptococci must not beassumed to apply by analogy to naturalresistance.Anderson's Talk-(Cont. from page 3)physician responds to the call for help. Toa patient in pain or to a worried, anxiousrelative, minutes do seem like hours, andit is understandable that if the physiciandelays obviously or unnecessarily in an­swering a call, he may provoke ill willeven if no harm results from his delay.To the patient in distress and his worriedrelatives, the urgency of the personal situ­ation excludes all other considerations.They are not in a frame of mind to appre­ciate the many reasons why the houseofficer or practitioner may not drop what­ever he is doing and respond immediatelyto their call.The hostility of patients to physicianswho will not respond at all to an urgentnight call is fully understandable, as istheir annoyance at the physician who willnot see them in their homes when to trav­el to his office may cause great inconven­ience or physical discomfort. Of course,many times the physician is entirely justi­fied in declining to make a night call or tosee a patient in his home, but there seemslittle question that if we are to hold therespect and affectionate regard of thepublic, the greatest care and judgmentmust be exercised when we refuse suchdemands. Probably the most frequentcriticism that is made of physicians todayis their unwillingness to make night andhome calls, two services which the publicregards as traditional obligations of thephysician.In the same vein it is hardly necessaryto mention that patients are very likelyto become disturbed when, after waitingfor days or weeks for an appointment,they have to sit in the physician's wait­ing-room for one or more hours beyondthe appointed time.Another common criticism is that wekeep too much from our patients. Mostpatients want their physicians to tellthem in words that they can understandsomething about the nature of their ill­ness, about the treatment that is beingprescribed, and about the outlook for thefuture. The patient's concern on thesepoints may be much more distressing thanhis immediate discomfort or disability.Whether it is a minor illness or a majorcatastrophe, sickness almost always al­ters the patient's program of living. It isunderstandable that he wishes to haveas much information as possible on whichto base his plans. Our failure to informour patients sufficiently about our find- ings is often attributed to our lack of per­sonal interest in the patient or to oureagerness, for economic reasons, to see asmany patients as possible in the time atour disposal.I have mentioned briefly only the morecommon grievances that alienate patientsand the public, and I shall not attempt totake up some of the less well-defined criti­cisms that are made of our fee schedules,our ethics, and even our professional com­petence.The common complaints that I havereviewed can largely be attributed to onegeneral failing on our part, namely, ourfailure to show the regard and considera­tion that our patients rightfully feel aredue their anxieties, their physical com­fort, their convenience, and their intel­ligence. I am afraid that it is true that toooften we give the impression that we arepreoccupied with the intellectual exerciseof diagnosis, that we are cold and imper­sonal, that we are hurried, that we putour own convenience and interests abovethose of our patients.We all rightfully scorn the incompe­tent physician who, knowing little medi­cine, holds his patients through the charmof his personality or what we with somederision refer to as the "bedside manner."It is perhaps unfortunate that we fail todistinguish in our scorn between incom­petence and the means used to hide it andthat consciously or unconsciously we as­sociate one with the other to the pointwhere we habitually suspect that thephysician who is particularly gracious,considerate, and attentive to his patientsmay be trying to mask a lack of profes­sional skill, Examples disproving this fal­lacy are always about us, and we need butrecall that the truly great physicians ofall ages have been as outstanding in thequality of personality as they have beenin professional skill.I have discussed this subject tonightnot to inject a gloomy note on an occasionthat should be lighthearted but in thehope that as you enter your internshipsyou will from the start avail yourselves ofthe many opportunities that you willhave to demonstrate to your patients thatthe medical profession still believes inrendering unselfish and sympathetic serv­ice. If we do not effectively convince peo­ple that we nave not abandoned these tra­ditions, we may be sure that medicinewill be pulled from its pedestal and dealtwith roughly by uninformed and unsym­pathetic hands. The medical professionwill always be subject to criticism becauseit has set for itself an impossible task. Justso long as men fall sick and die, medicalscience and the physician can be judgedwanting. However, if each of us will con­tinually put the question to himself, "AmI treating this patient the way I wouldwant to be treated?" the profession whichwe cherish need never be concerned aboutits future.In greeting you this evening as ournewest colleagues, we are greeting men(Cont. on page I I)6 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINTHE SENIORRobert K. Adamson, 379 E. Second NorthSt., Logan, Utah; Alameda County Hospital,Oakland, Calif. Constantine S. Anast, 4352Belden Ave., Chicago; Syracuse MemorialHospital, Syracuse, N.Y.Marc O. Beem, 1527 E. ooth St., Chi­cago; The Clinics. Jack B. Bennett, 123 S.r zth East, Salt Lake City, Utah; The Clinics.Richard K. Blaisdell, Box 166, Lanikai, Oahu,Hawaii; Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore,Md. Clement Brooke, 63II Greenwood Ave.,Chicago; Strong Memorial Hospital, Roches­ter, N.Y. Charles L. Buhrow, Graytown,Ohio; U.S. Public Health.Harold G. Carstensen, 3541 Douglas Rd.,Toledo, Ohio; The Clinics. James D.Charles, 527 Westcourt, Redding, Calif.;San Joaquin General Hospital, French Camp,Calif. Benjamin Crue, 432 S. Main St.,Hightstown, N.J.; Navy, Oakland, Calif.Bernard Eisenstein, 5418 Ellis Ave., Chi­cago; Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago. Edward J. Ellis, 55 E. 95th St., New York,N.V.; Lincoln Hospital, New York, N.Y.Asher J. Finkel, 6518 Dorchester Ave.,Chicago; The Clinics. Winslow G. Fox, 6156Ingleside Ave., Chicago; Butterworth Hos­pital, Grand Rapids, Mich. Charles W.Gardner, 49 Toilsome Hill Rd., Bridgeport,Conn.; Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester,N.Y. Clifford R. Gilpin, 5742 Maryland Ave.,Chicago; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City,Mo. Doris W. Gilpin, 5742 Maryland Ave.,Chicago; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City,Mo. Philip Glotzer , 518 Lamar Ave., Char­lotte, N.C.; The Clinics. Mark Gorney,Pirineos 445, Mexico D.F., Mexico; BlodgettMemorial Hospital, Grand Rapids, Mich.J. Thomas Grayston, 413 r Sth St. N.E.,Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Albany Hospital,Albany, N.Y. Peter J. Guzvich, 6759 S.Artesian Ave., Chicago; Wayne County Gen­eral Hospital, Eloise, Mich.William S. Horowitz, 1634 E. Newton,Milwaukee, Wis.; The Clinics.Ernst Jaffe, 333 Belden Ave., Chicago;Presbyterian Hospital, New York, N.Y.Robert T. S. Jim, Box 43, Wailuku, Maui,Hawaii; Alameda County Hospital, Oakland,Calif.Erwin J. Landon, II 06 E. coth St ., Cleve­land, Ohio; Harper Hospital, Detroit, Mich.Edward P. Lauerman, 1844 W. I05th St.,Chicago; Charity Hospital, New Orleans, La.Walter Lawrence, Jr., 743 Thatcher, RiverForest, III.; Johns Hopkins Hospital, Balti­more, Md. Leonard R. Lee, 1514 Forest Avenue, Wilmette, III.; Presbyterian Hopital, Chicago. Morris A. Lipton, 5645 Mar:land .-\ve., Chicago; Michael Reese HospitaChicago. Clarence C. Lushbaugh , 57'Drexel Avenue, Chicago.Guillermo Mateo, P.O. Box 31, SalinaPuerto Rico; The Clinics. Hugo C. MoeDeSchleswig, Iowa; St. Luke's HospitsChicago.Richard W. Neil, 4173 Wilson Ave., S.Diego, Calif.; Alameda County HospiuOakland, Calif. William H. Newman, 56,Blackstone Ave.; Chicago; Chicago Mernor:Hospital, Chicago.William H. Olson, 6130 Ingleside .\1"Chicago; U.S. Public Health, Chicago.Warren A. Rasmussen, 6316 GreenwoAve., Chicago; Illinois Central HospitChicago. Robert C. Robertson, 63 I I Greewood .\ve., Chicago; Presbyterian HospitChicago. Allan D. Rosenblatt, 835 Swar:more Lane, University City, .1.10.; IAngeles General Hospital, Los .. \ngelCalif. Paul S. Russell, 490r Greenwood .\,Chicago; Massachusetts General HospitBoston, Mass.Edyth H. Schoenrich, 2233 DevonshDrive, Cleveland Heights, Ohio; Johns H.kins Hospital, Baltimore, l\Id. J. Ed'Seegmiller, 344 E. roo North, St. GeorUtah; Johns Hopkins Hospital, BaltirncMd. Jesse B. Shelmire, 3813 MirarrDallas, Texas; Roosevelt Hospital, ]\York, N.Y. Richard L. Shriner, zr oBroadway, Cassopolis, Mich .; Millard IMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 77LA SS OF 1948iore Hospital, Buffalo, N.Y. Curtis A.mith,45 Golf Ave., Clarendon Hills, III.;'he Clinics. Jane N. Spragg, 3978 Drexellvd., Chicago; Woodlawn Hospital, Chi-19O. Richard J. Stanwood, 680 Yosemiteve., Mountain View, Calif.; New York[ospital, New York, N.Y.Eugene J. Van Scott , Macedon, N. Y.;Ii liard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, N.Y.lilliam C. Vernon, 533 N. Seminole, Okrnul­ee, Okla.; Edward J. Meyer Memorial[ospital, Buffalo, N.Y.Roy L. Walford, Jr., 1114 Alberta Pl.,an Diego, Calif. George B. Whatmore, 1127;rand Ave., Seattle, Wash.; King Countylospital, Seattle, Wash.The University of Chicago Medical-chool class of 1948 has been noted for itsnarchistic tendencies since shortly afterur arrival. Our first quarter on campusu: were approached on the matter oforming a class organization. The sugges­ion was received very indifferently bynest of us, as we could see no apparent.dvantages in such a plan.This was due in large part to the nat­iral cleavage lines in our group which hadet apart many smaller subgroups, eacheeling both self-sufficient and self-sat is­ied.lt seemed that each group had quite a fine opinion of itself, and so, by the endof the first week, the class had aligned it­self into four major cliques. There was anArmy group, a Navy group, a group ofcivilian veterans on the G.l. Bill, and agroup of civilians paying their own way.By the end of five quarters it made lessdifference whether we were Army, Navy,veteran, or civilian; however, all were stillsomewhat wary lest one clique becomedominant. It was at this time that we con­ceived our class "organization."All agreed we should have no president(not to mention a chancellor!). Aftermuch haggling it was finally agreed oneday, just before the Commons stopped�erving lunch, that we should set up acentral committee consisting of one­fourth of the class with a rotating chair­manship. This group carried out our busi­ness very well.When we finally achieved white-coatstatus and were all called "Doctor,"things changed considerably. We were nolonger competing for grades (as obvious­ly), our white coats covered military andcivilian clothes equally well (except forthe Army clodhoppers), and, not least, itmade no difference what one was when afourth for bridge was desperately needed.A majority of the class was married by this time, and many had children. Itseemed that our class had a larger propor­tion of married students than had previ­ous classes. Only the future will answerwhether or not it affects the quality oftraining.By the end of our senior year, each ofus had given up some of his individualityin preference for more unanimity. Wewere all impressed at our Alumni Banquetboth by the speakers and by the realiza­tion that after graduation many of uswould never see each other again. In spiteof our heterogeneous beginning, we had allformed many wonderful friendshipsthrough sharing our joys, hardships, andparticularly our many thoughts, both sci­entific and philosophical, during our fouryears together.At least half the class is planning tospecialize. Many of these are interested inacademic lives either of a clinical natureor limited to research alone. The spe­cialities include, predominantly, internalmedicine, surgery, pediatrics, psychia­try, and pathology. A few of the classplan to do missionary work. Some will goin with their physician-fathers. Somewant to do general practice, and more willbe forced into this field, owing to the pro­hibitive expense of postgraduate training8 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINDr. Sylvia Bensley Goes toTorontoDr. Sylvia Holton Bensley, AssistantProfessor of Anatomy, has resigned fromthe University to accept an appointmentat the University of Toronto as associateprofessor of anatomy in the Faculty ofMedicine. As Sylvia Holton, Dr. Bensleywas born in Madura, South India, re­ceived the B.A. degree from Mount Hol­yoke College in 1925, and began to studyBENSLEYmedicine at the University of Chicagothat same fall. She attended the laying ofthe cornerstone for Billings Hospital. Inthe Department of Anatomy in 1926 shebegan independent research on intercel­lular substance. As she puts it, she usedguinea pigs salvaged from the physiologylaboratory, rats salvaged from Dr. Maxi­mow's experiments, and wild mice caughtin various parts of the Anatomy Building.In 1927 she became an assistant in anat­omy and entered The Clinics with sixteenother venturesome students, the first totryout the new South Side clinical facul­ty. In 1929 she received the first four-yearcertificate awarded to a student who hadtaken all the clinical work on the Uni­versity of Chicago campus. A month latershe married Robert D. Bensley. In 1930she was appointed Instructor in Anat­omy, and in December of that year shewas awarded the M.D. degree, the secondone given for work done entirely on theSouth Side.In 1941 she was made Assistant Pro­fessor of Anatomy, continuing a heavyteaching and research program to thepresent time.Dr. Bensley's w,ork at Toronto will in­clude teaching of histology to medical anddental students and to honor students inphysiology and biochemistry. In addi­tion, she will give special courses in cytol­ogy. Dr. Bensley plans to take an activepart in current research programs such ascancer, the role of intercellular substancesin aging and disease, mechanism of dia­betes, protein metabolism, and anaphy­laxis, as well as the nature and structural changes of the cellular components ingrowth and function.Those of us who were. students underDr. Bensley know at first hand her in-. tense interest in teaching, as well as herability as a research scientist. We are in­deed sorry to see her leave Chicago, andour very best wishes go with her toToronto.To Co-ordinate CancerTeaching at Boston Univer­sity School of MedicineIn March (1948), Dr. Henry M. Lem­on, former resident in medicine, was ap­pointed assistant professor of medicineand co-ordinator of the Cancer TeachingProgram of the Boston University Schoolof Medicine. With the exception of thelast two years of medical school, Dr. Lem­on received all his elementary-school,high-school, college, and medical-schooltraining at the University of Chicago. HeLEMONreceived his A.B. degree from the Uni­versity of Chicago in 1938 and his M.D.degree cum laude from Harvard in June,1940.Dr. Lemon returned to the Universityof Chicago Clinics as an intern in medi­cine (1940-41). This was followed by ap­pointments as assistant resident in medi­cine from October, 1941, to February,1942, and as assistant in medicine fromMarch, 1942, to November, 1943. Duringthe latter appointment he was associated�ith Dr. O. H. Robertson and his groupIn laboratory and field studies in Armycamps on modes of, spread, and the pre­vention of air-borne and dust-borne in­fections by dust-suppressive measures andchemical disinfection of the air with gly­col vapors.In November, 1943, Dr. Lemon en­tered military service and was assigned tothe Army Epidemiological Board for serv­ice with the Commission on Air-borne In­fections, of which Dr. Robertson waschairman. In October, 1945, CaptainLemon was reassigned to the United States Typhus Commission and serveroverseas at the Field Headquarters of thoCommission's European office, with assignments in Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Great Britain.Following his release from militar­service (April, 1946), Dr. Lemon returnerto Boston to accept the positions of instructor in medicine, Boston Universit:School of Medicine, and resident physician at Evans Memorialand Massachusetts Memorial hospitals, which he helluntil his present appointment. As coordinator of the Cancer Program at Boston, his responsibility will be to improvthe tumor clinic from the standpoint cdiagnosis, follow-up, and therapy anc'as executive officer of an interdepartmental committee, to develop a cancelteaching program covering the four yearof medical school. He will continue hiown investigations on the early diagnosand treatment of cancer of the gastroirtestinal tract.Dr. Lemon is an energetic and carehinvestigator. With Dr. Robertson anothers on the Commission on Air-borrInfections, he has published nurneroistudies dealing with the development (apparatus for the study of air-borne iJfections and laboratory and field studioon the modes of, spread, and control.air-borne streptococcal infections. DLemon is the son of Professor and MrHarvey B. Lemon of the University,Chicago. He is married to Harriet Tu.bury Qua. They have three children arlive at 66 Albatross Road, Quincy 6Massachusetts.IT'S ON ITS WAYCANCER HOSPITAL EXCAVATIOThe building of the Nathan GoldbkMemorial Hospital (see July, 1947, BtLETIN) was begun on May 3. Excavatiand the placing of the piles on which tbuilding will rest are now essentially coplete. The above photograph was takon June 30 from the fire escape of GaHall on the east side of Ellis Avenue ashows Billings Hospital in the backgrouand the north end of the Orthopedic Hpital, which the Cancer Hospital will ;join.Unfortunately, this photograph d,not reveal the numerous white-coal(Cont. on page II)MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 9FACULTY NEWSDr. William E. Adams was re-electedreasurer of the American Association for"horacic Surgery at the twenty-eighth annualneeting of that organization held in Quebec,:anada, May 31 to June 2. He has also beenlected treasurer of the Chicago Surgical.ociety.Dr. A. C. Bachmeyer has been appointedo the Executive Committee of the Hospitalection of the National Health Assembly.Two more members of our faculty have.een appointed as consultants to the. Veter­ns Administration, Dr. H. W. Brosin and)r. P. C. Hodges. .Dr. Crawford Campbell spent a few dayst The Clinics in mid-May. He is located in.lbany, New York, where he is instructor inurgery and assistant attending orthopedicurgeon at the Albany Medical College.Dr. Julius M. Coon, Associate Professor of'harmacology, has been appointed directorf the Toxicity Laboratory to succeed Dr.ohn O. Hutchens.Dr. William J. Dieckmann spoke on Maybefore the Institute of Pediatrics andIbstetrics, sponsored by the Department oflealth of Iowa, at Sioux City, and on May 9e was a guest speaker at the second annualieeting of the Illinois Obstetrical and;ynecological Society.Dr. Mary Lou Eilert has been promoted.ssistant Professor of Medicine at The'�linics .Dr. Horace M. Gezon, Instructor in'ediatrics, contributes an article on peni­illin resistance in the Scientific Section 'ofhis BULLETIN. He is a graduate of the classf '40, having come to Chicago from Calvin'ollege, Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 1939.[is internship (1940-41) was followed by an assistant residency at The Clinics in1941-42. From 1942 to 1946 Dr. Gezonserved as epidemiologist in the U.S. NavalMedical Corps, with the rank of- lieutenantcommander. Following seven months' train­ing and six months as officer in charge of anepidemiological unit in the United States, July I, to begin a residency at the WoodlawnHospital, Chicago.Dr. Charles Huggins has been electedpresident of the American Association forCancer Research.Dr. Arlington C. Krause has been electedpresident of the Chicago OphthalmologicalSociety.Dr. Edward Laden has been appointedInstructor in Dermatology at The Clinics.Dr. Geraldine Light, Assistant Professorof Surgery (Anesthesiology) has been electedtreasurer of the Illinois Society of Anes­thesiologists.Dr. Huberta Livingstone has been electedvice-president of the Chicago Society ofAnesthesiologists.Dr. Robert Moore, Assistant Professor inSurgery (Orthopedics), and Grayson F.Dashiell of the Department of Medicine,have joined the Kankakee Clinic, Kankakee,Illinois.Dr. Dallas B. Phemister and Dr. Frie­drich Wasserman left for Germany in Julywith a group of medical men under theauspices of the Unitarian Service Com­mittee's Medical Mission. They will lectureat the universities of Frankfort, Heidelberg,and Munich in the American Zone and atTubingen in the French Zone and Gottingenin the British Zone. They plan to return inearly September.Dr. William W. Scott was here on May 14and also attended the Alumni Reunion Ban­quet. He is enjoying his work at Johns Hop­kins University.Dr. Judd Uhl has been appointed Instruc­tor in Surgery (Anesthesiology), at TheClinics.'\ccepts Temporary Appoint­ment in State DepartmentOn June 5 Dr. C. Phillip Miller, Pro­essor of Medicine, sailed for England ontemporary (three-month) appointments Senior Science Officer of the Office ofcience and Technology in the U.S. Em­,assy in London.The Office of Science and Technology.as created in the fall of 1947 as a perma­ent and regular unit of the State Depart­lent. In contrast to similar units on com­ierce, economics, and cultural affairs'hich are staffed by permanent person­el, the positions in the O.S.T: are filledy scientists on temporary duty. Therincipal function of the O.ST. is to facil­.ate Anglo-American scientific co-opera-on in matters of fundamental and ap­lied science.Dr. Earl A. Evans, J r., Professor and'hairman of Biochemistry, has been on.ave from the University of Chicagonee December, 1947, to organize theI.S.T. Fitting into the plan of temporaryuty, all scientific personnel are officers ofte Foreign Service Reserve, a branchrat was created to permit the State De­artment to appoint specialists at any de- GEZON MILLERhe served in the same capacity in Africa andEurope for twenty-six months. During thisperiod he studied typhus, typhoid, smallpox,plague, shigellosis, sandfly fever, infectiousjaundice, malaria, and relapsing fever. On hisseparation from service, Dr. Geron returnedto The Clinics as a fellow in pediatrics.This was followed by his appointment asInstructor in July, 1947.Dr. H. Close Hesseltine spoke before theAmerican Gynecological Society in Williams­burg, Virginia, in the latter part of May.Dr. K. Eileen Hite has resigned as As­sistant Professor of Bacteriology, effectivesired level, for limited periods, without re­quiring them to go through the long pe­riod of training that is customary in theregular diplomatic service. The centralstaff of the O.S.T. consists of four or fivescientists who serve for terms up to oneyear on a rotating basis and a permanentgroup of administrative assistants whoperform the routine functions of the officeand give it a continuity of operation.In addition to the central staff, twogroups of four men each will serve theO.S.T. for shorter terms of three or fourmonths. One of these groups will deal withclinical medicine and surgery, and theother will be concerned with nonmedicalbiology. The fields represented on theinitial staff of O.S.T. include biochem­istry, organic chemistry, physics, engi­neering, biology, and agronomy. As thesescientists complete their terms of duty,they will be replaced by scientists repre­senting new fields, so that eventually allprincipal branches of science will be rep­resented in the O.S.T. In organizing theO.S.T., Dr. Evans felt that it was not pos­sible for really valuable reports on a fieldto be made by other than specialists inthat field. Thus, the top personnel of theO.S.T. consists of scientists on shortleave of absence from their positions in academic institutions or government labo­ratories to which they will return uponcompleting their assignments.In its broader aspect, the O.S.T. willact as a source of information on Britishscience for government agencies and sci­entific societies in the United States andwill supply to interested persons andagencies in Great Britain informationconcerning current developments in sci­ence and technology in this country. TheO.S.T. also serves to facilitate the ex­change of scientific personnel between theUnited States and Great Britain andmaintain close personal contact with gov­ernmental agencies and other researchinstitutions in the United Kingdom. Aninteragency committee representing theNational Research Council, the NationalAcademy of Sciences, the Army, theNavy, the Departments of Agriculture,Commerce, and Interior, the Joint Re­search and Development Board, and theFederal Security Agency under the chair­manship of the Assistant Secretary ofState for Economic Affairs supervises andestablishes the principles under whichO.S.T. operates.Both Drs. Evans and Miller are fa­miliar with Great Britain and are leaders(Cont. on page II)10 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINALUMNI NEWS'30. Isee L. Connell, who was recentlyretired by the Army and is now living inJacksonville, Florida, attended the AlumniReunion Banquet ..'3I. Members of the Class of 1931 whoattended the Banquet were Drs. Vernon R.DeYoung, Egbert H. Fell, William M. Jones,and Donald E. Yochem.'32. Dr. Arthur J. Vorwald has been ap­pointed director of the Edward L. TrudeauFoundation, Saranac Lake, New York.Present at the Banquet were Drs. BernardE. Kane, John W. Meredith, George W.Stuppy, and Alven M. Wei! and wife.'33. Drs. Theodore M. Burkholder,William B. Tucker, and Winston H. Tuckerattended the Alumni Reunion Banquet.'3.J. Maurice R. Friend is at the presenttime a practicing psychoanalyst in NewYork City.John L. Gedgoud has opened an office inassociation with C. A. Tompkins, M.D., at302-4 S. 42d St., Omaha, Nebraska, for thepractice of pediatrics. His home address is5421 Decatur St., Omaha 4.Drs. Andrew Brislen, Robert R. Crawford,James W. Hall, Vida Wentz, and George M.Wilcoxon represented their class at the Re­union Banquet.Sion W. Holley has recently joined thefour other U. of C. alumni at the GreeleyClinic in Greeley, Colorado, as pathologist.'35. Drs. Sam W. Banks and Willard G.DeYoung attended the Banquet.'36. John P. Fox, who has been with theInternational Health Division of the Rocke­feller Foundation since 1938, received hisM.P.H. at Columbia University last year.His family consists of four children. Dr. Foxattended the Reunion Banquet along withDrs. Bernard Sarnat and David B. Templinfrom his class.'37. From the Class of 1937 Drs. HerbertBreyfogle, Clinton L. Compere, Sol T. DeLee,Raphael K. Kinney, Ormand Julian, Paul E.Ross, and Joseph Teegarden attended theBanquet.'38. Drs. Carl Davis, i«, Lester Odell,David S. Pankratz, and Eugene Weige repre­sented their class at the Reunion Banquet.'39. William Kuhlman is doing ophthal­mology for a ten-man group, the ColoradoSprings l\Iedical Center in Colorado Springs,where he has been since February, 1947.The class of 1939 was represented at theBanquet by Drs. Robert E. Bowen, Norris L.Brookens, Charles W. Burt and Mrs. Burt,Leon O. Jacobson, and John B. Rowe.'uo . Present at the Alumni ReunionBanquet were Drs. Helen Heinen, ClarenceV. Hodges, and Walter A. Stryker.'.JI. Drs. Owen C. Berg, E. T. Blomquist,William Lester, Jr., James Goldinger, ClaraJohns, Louis Roll, Fred Stare, and RobertWalton represented their class at the ReunionBanquet.'.J2. George R. Barry is in the practice ofinternal medicine in the Monroe Cliniclocated in Monroe, Wisconsin. The Clinic hasfourteen men, and he will be the fourthinternist in the group. The Barrys now havetwo children.Marvin S. Freilich is completing his two­year residency in radiology at Mount SinaiHospital in Chicago and will follow this witha one-year residency at Hines Veterans Hos- p i t a l , Hines, Illinois, also in radiology,This class was represented at the ReunionBanquet by Drs. Peter L. Beal, HarveyBlank, LeRoy Earley, James M. Fritz, J.Henry Heinen, and Kirsten Vennesland.'no Fenton Schaffner, who attended theAlumni Reunion Banquet, finished a resi­dency in medicine at the Woodlawn Hospitalin Chicago and is now doing research on pe­ripheral vascular disease with radioactive iso­topes at Hektoen Institute of Cook CountyHospital. Besides Dr. Schaffner, Drs. RobertBigelow, J. Harlan Carey, John Findley,Joseph Jernegan, Richard V. McKay, JonasSchreider, John W. Sloan, Robert L. Smith,Robert L. Snapp, and William Webster alsoattended the Banquet.Robert M. Becker recently accepted athree-year residency at the Pratt DiagnosticHospital in Boston.E. Everett Lefforge, after being dischargedfrom the Army in June, 1946, studied at theSchool of Tropical Medicine in San Juan,Puerto Rico, for one year and is now in SierraLeone, West Africa, as a missionary for theEvangelical United Brethren church. He andhis wife have two children.'.J.:/. Charles A. Branthaver was recentlyseparated from the Army and has started apediatrics residency at the University ofKansas Hospital, Kansas City, Kansas.William P. Fox, who was separated fromthe Army in February, is now associated withhis father and is on the staff of the WestSuburban Hospital in Oak Park. His practiceis limited to obstetrics and gynecology.Neil B. Kimerer, after his separation fromthe Army, took a residency under the tute­lage of the two Menningers at the WinterVeterans Administration Hospital in Topeka,where he is at the present time.George Nardi was in Chicago in June andattended the Reunion Banquet just prior tosailing on the "Queen Elizabeth" for a vaca­tion trip in Europe. He will return in Augustto an appointment under Dr. John Lawrence,Division of Medical Physics, Donner Labora­tories of the University of California inBerkeley. On July I, 1949, he will return toBoston as first assistant resident in surgeryat the Massachusetts General Hospital.Other members who attended the ReunionBanquet are Drs. Charles A. Branthaver,Omar J. Fareed, Joseph Fleming, DavidFox, Charles Gabelman, Bruce F. Grotts,Rudolph Janda, Robert E. Joranson, PaulJordan, Paul McWhorter, Allen N. Wiseley,and Jacob J. Zuidema.'.J5. H. F. Brooks, who visited The Clinicsin July, is a member of Dr. Knisely's depart­ment at Charleston, South Carolina, wherehe teaches neuroanatomy.Marne Cataldo has been recently sep­arated from the Army after holding the posi­tions of chief of roentgenology and assistantchief of medicine and expects to begin a resi­dency in internal medicine or radiology withthe Veterans Administration in Des Moines,Iowa.Capt. Edwin S. Clarke's address is I Bel­grave Terrace, Felling, Gateshead on Tyne10, England. He is still in the Army and isspecializing in neurology. He hopes eventual­ly to work at Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford.Harry Fisher passed through Chicago in June. He had just been released from theNavy and was on his way to a residency be­ginning July I at Washington University, 51.Louis, Missouri.Glen Gibbons returned from Army servicein Korea in l\Iay and visited The Clinics onhis way to an appointment at Kings CountyHospital, Brooklyn, New York... Frederick L. Hilgert is in charge of thegastroenterology section, examination ancout-patient department, of the Seattle Re-.gional Ollice of the Veterans .\dministratiorand expects to be discharged from the .\rm)in the near future.Charles M. Johnson was recently rcleased from his Navy duties and has asurgicafellowship beginning January I, 1946, at theMayo Clinic in Rochester.The Class of 1945 was represented at th,Alumni Reunion Banquet by Drs. ThomaW. Anderson, Ralph Carlson, Robert ECook, Loren T. DeWind, Charles Johnson'Eugene Mindell, Howard Reiser, RaymomRobertson, and Edward Storer.Jerome Styrt and his wife, who als.graduated from the University of Chicagcare going to the York Retreat, a psychiatrihospital in York, England, where he will bestaff psychiatrist from July I, 1948, to January I, 1950. His wife will possibly work inchild guidance clinic in the same hospital.'.J6. Lt. Clair E. Basinger writes frorBrooke General Hospital, Fort Sam Hourton, that he is enjoying a busy service ichest surgery.John W. Cashman is at present medic:officer of the U.S. Coast & Geodetic SurveShip "Pioneer," which is doing Bering' Sfhydrography near Kiska Island. He expects 1return to Oakland, California, in October.rwhich time he hopes to be reassigned to ,hospital.Otto H. Trippel is stationed a t the PirBlutT Arsenal, Arkansas, as post surgeon. rwrites that he frequently sees Laurence Filberg, '46, and Richard Taylor, '46, who arethe Public Health Service and the Army, rspectively, in Hot Springs .. \s John Sible'46, is soon to have the Urology Service at tlArmy-Navy General Hospital in Hot Sprin;the class of '46 is well represented.Drs. Daniel M. Emerson, Richard S. Faland Willis D. Garrard were present at tBanquet.'.:/7. C. Herbert Fredell became an 3sistant resident in surgery at Baylor Univisity Hospital, Dallas, Texas, on July I.Hal T. Hurn is stationed at the U.S. NavHospital at Coco Sola, Canal Zone.Walther W. Meyer became associatwith a clinic in Medford, Wisconsin,July I, where there is an affiliated thineight-bed hospital and a group of thiphysicians.Antolin Raventos began a residencyroentgenology in Clifton Springs CliniClifton Springs, New York, on July I, uncDr. Gerhart Schwarz.The class of 1947 was represented by tmembers: Drs. W. R. Elghammer and RobMoe.'.J8. Drs. J. Thomas Grayston aWilliam Newman attended the Alumni)union Banquet.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINnderson's Talk- 11(Cont. from page 5)d women who will create the medicinethe future. We are inspired by theought that there may well be men inis very room who will some day pene­.tc the mysteries of one of the greatiurgcs that still afflict mankind and to10m countless numbers in the years tomc will owe their happiness and theires.You have chosen a noble profession.ay you continue to find in l't the oppor­-iitics for service ancl self-developmentrt you arc seeking, and may you alwaysit honor.uncer Hospital-(Cont. from par.e S)ide walk consultants" who appear fromne to time at the windows and on thellings fire escape. All look with enviouses at the men at the controls of the.am shovel and pile-driver. Progress ofc construction of the Cancer HospitalII be presented pictorially in subsequentues of the BULLETIN.Wler-(Cont. from page 0)their respective fields of Biochemistryd Medicine (see April, 1948, BULLETINr biographical sketch of Dr. Evans). Dr.iller joined the medical staff when Theinics were organized in 1925. He hasen active both in local ami in nationalcdical affairs as shown by the numer­s academic and scientific societies torich he belongs. Medical education hasld his attention, and at the present timeis a member of the Medical Fellowshiplard of the National Research Council.r. Miller's investigations have been par-BULLETINIf the Alumni Association[he University of Chicago�CHOOL OF MEDICINEVOL. 4 SUMMER 1948 No 3CLAYTON G. LOOSLI, EditorHUBERTA LIVINGSTONE, Associate EditorHENRY T. RICKETTS, Associate EditorLEON O. JACOBSON, CHARLES L. DUNHAMA ssistant EditorsALLAN T. KENYONFRANCIS B. GORDONHILGER P. JENKINSM embers of the Editorial BoardMARIE ECKERT, Secretary'rice of yearly subscription for nonmembers, $1.00;nice of single copies, 25 cen ts. ticularly in the field of infectious diseasesand antibiotics. Significant contributionshave been made by him and his colleaguesconcerning the development of resistanceof the gram negative cocci (meningococciand gonococci) to penicillin and strepto­mycin. A summary of these studies ap­pears in the Scientific Section of this BUL­LETIN.HONORS and AWARDSDr. William E. Adams, Professor ofSurgery, was made an Honorary Member ofthe Society of Cancerology of the Universityof Cuadalnjara, Mexico, in January, 1948, inrecognition of work done in the field ofcancer; and in February, 1948, he was madean Honorary Member of the Second NationalMexican Congress on Cancer in recognition ofhis scientific contributions to this problem.Dr. J. Garrott Allen, Associate Professorof Surgery, was awarded the John J. Abelprize of $1,000 conferred by the AmericanSociety for Pharmacology and ExperimentalTherapeutics at their Atlantic City meetingfor his research on the control of bleeding dueto irradiation (see Scientific Section, Octo­ber, 1947, BULLETIN). Dr. Allen has been amember of the Department of Surgerysince 1938, when he came here from HarvardMedical School to serve an internship inSurgery.ALLEN LEHNINGERDr. A. J. Carlson recently received acitation for outstanding research in biology,physiology, and medicine from the KiwanisClubs of Chicago. The award was presentedat the first Industrial Conference on Alco­holism.Dr. Lester R. Dragstedt was awarded agold medallion at the one hundred andfiftieth anniversary of the founding of theUniversity of Louisville.Dr. James M. Fritz, assistant resident insurgery, is the recipient of the annual prizeof the Chicago Surgical Society for a manu­script describing experimental work in oneor both fields of experimental and clinicalsurgery. His manuscript was entitled "TheFate of Foreign Bodies in the Heart andPericardium" and was presented before theChicago Surgical Society on May 7. The prizewas a check for $250. -Dr. Clay G Huff was awarded the Theo­bald Smith Gold Medal and certificate by theAmerican Academy of Tropical Medicine forhis work on exoerythrocytic malaria. Dr.Huff was for many years a member of theDepartment of Bacteriology and Parasitol­ogy and left this past winter to accept aposition in parasitology at the Naval MedicalResearch Institute at Bethesda, Maryland.Dr. Nathaniel K.Ieitman received theTownsend Harris Medal from the College of the City of New York for his outstanding "re­search on the physiology and psychology ofsleep."Dr. Albert L. Lehninger, Assistant Pro­fessor of Biochemistry in the Departments ofBiochemistry and Surgery, at the recentmeeting of the American Chemical Society inChicago was awarded the Paul-Lewis Lab­oratories Award in Enzyme Chemistry of$1,000. This award is given through theAmerican Chemical Society for the bestwork on enzymes by an American chemistunder thirty-five years of age. Dr. Lehningeris a graduate of Wesleyan University inConnecticut and did advanced work underEdgar J. Witzemann of Wisconsin, receivinghis Ph.D. degree there in 1942 for work onthe metabolism of ketone bodies and aceto­pyruvic acid. Dr. Lehninger works in closeassociation with Dr. Charles D. Huggins andis the secretary of the University of ChicagoCommittee on Cancer.The Gold Medal for Original Investiga­tion presented at the annual session of theAmerican Medical Association in Chicago,June 21-25, was awarded to J. G. Allen,Margaret Sanderson, Willadene Egner,Charles McKeen, Richard Elghammer,James Crosbie, and Burt Grossman for theirexhibit on "Hemorrhagic Disease Caused byHeparinemia+-Tempcrary Control by To­luidine Blue or Portamine Sulfate."Three University of Chicago faculty oralumni groups won awards at the IllinoisState Medical Society Scientific Exhibits inMay; the Gold Medal for Original Investiga­tive Work on "Heparinernia and Hemor­rhage," J. G. Allen, C. McKeen, R. Elg­hammer, M. Sanderson, W. Egner, B.Grossman, and J. Crosbie. The Bronze Medalfor Educational Value was awarded to Drs.H. P. Jenkins, Howard Reiser, David S.Fox, and Rudolph Janda for "Wounds of theHeart-New Experimental Method for Con­trol of Hemorrhage" and to Drs. William E.Adams and James M. Fritz for "Cystic Mal­formation of the Lung: Pathology, Diagnosis,and Therapy."BIRTHSDr. and Mrs. N. W. Henry-Mary Susan,Feb. 23, 1948Dr. and Mrs. Frederick Hauser-GretchenLouise, Feb. 26Dr. and Mrs. John Beal-Bruce Phemister,Feb. 27Mr. and Mrs. T. T. Puck-Mary Stirling,Feb. 27Dr. and Mrs. Nathaniel Apter-Eve, Feb. 28Dr. and Mrs. J. A. Schoenberger-JamesAllen, jr., March 4Dr. and Mrs. Melvin Schudmak-M. Ed­ward, March 8Dr. and Mrs. Crawford Campbell-JoannaLouise, April 3Dr. and Mrs. T. W. Lester-Eric Powell,Apnl4Dr. and Mrs. H. p, Jenkins-TheodoraNeil, April 6Dr. and Mrs. Stephen Alexander, Jr.-MarySue, April 22Dr. and Mrs. Richard Rasmussen-RichardShively, April 28MARRIAGESDr. A. John Anlyan-Betty Jane Renneckar,Nov. 19, 1947Dr. Theodore B. Rasmussen-CatherineArchibald, Dec. 18Dr. David Clark-Dr. Barbara Kinyon,Feb. 6, 194812 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINASSOCIATION ACTIVITIESOFFICERS FOR 1948·49The following officers, proposed by theNominating Committee and voted uponby mailed ballot, were unanimously elect­ed and introduced at the Medical AlumniAssociation Reunion Banquet: Dr. LeonO. Jacobson, '39, president; Dr. George H.Klumpner, '48, vice-president; Dr. JohnJACOBSON KLUMPNERVan Prohaska, '34, treasurer; and Dr.Charles L. Dunham, Rush '33, executivesecretary. At the same time, Drs. HenryT. Ricketts and Wright Adams wereelected to the Medical Alumni Councilfor three-year terms; Dr. Robert R. Bige­low, '43, for a two-year term; and Dr.Vida B. Wentz, '34, for one year.Dr. Jacobson received his undergradu­ate training at North Dakota State Col­lege. Following his graduation in 1939, heserved as intern and assistant resident atThe Clinics. After a year (1941-42) as as­sistant in medicine, he joined the medicalfaculty as instructor, advancing in rankfrom assistant to associate professor as ofJuly I, 1948. Dr. Jacobson was associatedwith the Manhattan Project during thewar, and as head of the Hematology Sec­tion of the Department of Medicine he iscarrying on a very active program of re­search on the problem of neoplastic dis­eases. Dr. Jacobson is Executive Secre­tary of the University's Committee onCancer. Since 1945 he has been part timein the office of the Dean of the Divisionof the Biological Sciences and is at presentAssociate Dean.Dr. Klumpner, '48, vice-president,comes from Ottawa, Illinois. His premedi­cal work was taken 'at the University ofChicago and Dartmouth. While in medi­cal school, he conducted a study with Dr.Cannon on the protective effect of thesulfhydryls on the liver against chloro­form poisoning. Dr. Klumpner will internat The Clinics. In 1949 he will begin a resi­dency in psychiatry with Dr. Brosin atThe Clinics and receive concurrent train­ing at the Institute of Psychoanalysis.Dr. Prohaska (see April, 1948, BUL­LETIN) was elected to be "watchdog ofthe Treasury" of the Association for a IN THIS ISSUEThe officers of the Association wishthat all members could have attended theReunion Banquet. The social hour, food,and program seemed to satisfy everyone.The talks by Drs. Palmer and Dragstedtwere of special interest. So that all thealumni might have the opportunity toread what these speakers had to say, theyare printed in this issue of the BUL­LETIN, along with the talk given by Dr.Donald G. Anderson of the A.M.A. at theMarch Faculty-Studen t Banquet.This number will also introduce themembers of the Class of '48, who will nowhave the opportunity to continue theircontact with the School through theMedical Alumni Association. They canserve the Association and their class­mates best by keeping the "home office"in touch with their activities.The Association is fortunate in its se­lection of officers for the coming year.Give them the support you have shownin the past year, and your Associationwill grow and prosper.third year. Let's keep him busy.Dr. Charles L. Dunham, Rush '33, hasserved the Association as Executive Secre­tary for the last two years. Following hisgraduation, he interned at The Clinics.An assistant residency at Yale was inter­rupted because of illness. He returned toThe Clinics as assistant in 1936 and wasappointed instructor in 1941. In 1942 Dr.Dunham assumed charge of the ArthritisClinic and hospital service. From Sep­tember, 1943, to June, 1946, he was in thearmed services, and returned as assistantprofessor of medicine. In addition to Dr.DUNHAM RICKETTSDunham's duties as Executive Secretary,he has accepted an appointment as editorof the BULLETIN for the coming year.Most of the members of the Associa­tion know Dr. Wright Adams, AssociateProfessor of Medicine and Associate Dean of the Biological Sciences (see January,1948, BULLETIN), and Dr. Henry T.Ricketts, Associate Professor of Medicine,who were elected to the Council for three­year terms. Dr. Ricketts took his under­graduate work (S.B. 1924) and the firsttwo years of his medical-school training\J925-27) a,l; Chicago. After graduatingfrom Harvard Medical School in 1929, heserved a two-year rotating internship at.the University of Pennsylvania. He re­turned to The Clinics in 1931 as assistantresident in medicine, advancing in rankto associate professor in 1943.Dr. Bigelow, '43, who was elected tothe Council for two years, has been a rep­resentative of his class in the Senate andan appointed member of the Council thisBIGELOW WENTZpast year. He received both his B.S(1941) and M.D. (1943) degrees from thUniversity of Chicago. After interning aThe Clinics, he spent two years in thVeterans Administration Hospital aPittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He returned t,The Clinics as assistant resident in surgery and as of July I became resident witlthe rank of instructor.Dr. Wentz, '35, has been a representative of her class in the Senate for seversyears and last year served as an appointemember on the Council. She did her urdergraduate work at Brigham Young Unvcrsity, and took her Master's dcgre(1938) at Iowa State in child development. After receiving her M.D. degree shinterned at Women's and Children's anwent through the residency at ChildrenMemorial and Contagious Disease hoipitals. She was certified by the AmericaBoard of Pediatrics in 1940. In additioto her practice in this field, she holdsteaching appointment (assistant professrof pediatrics) at Northwestern and is jcharge of the postgraduate course for dotors on growth and development at Chidren's Memorial Hospital.SA VE YOUR COPIES OFTHE BULLETIN