[/niversity of Chicago Weekly..SINGLE COPIES10 CENTS. VOL. 1-- No.1CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, OCTOBER 1, 1892.THE GENESIS OF A NEW UNIVERSITY.In the genesis of the University of Chicago, a certaingroup of men had much to do with the concept of thatwhich is now concrete; another group of men had muchto do with raising the necessary funds; a third groupwere depended upon for organization. Yet there are nodefinite lines of division in this arrangement. Some ofthese worked anywhere they were needed. They puttheir shoulders to the wheel of the cart that happened tobe in the deepest rut. Still, the help which each gave waslargely at some definite period of the University's growth.'I'he history of the new University of Chicago properlybegins at the failure of the old University of Chicago. Atthat time the aim of the American Baptist EducationalSociety seems to have been simply a college. Betterthings were in store. An interesting light on this periodis furnished by a letter, printed III full below, fromMr. F. E. Hinckley, to Rev. F. T. Gates. The let­ter explains itself:CHICAGO, ILL., November 22,1888.REV. F. T. GATES,Secretary Educational Society.My Dear Sir:-Referring to our several interviews on thesubject of the endowment of a university of learning, to - be lo­cated in or near the city of Chicago, I write to say that I am abeliever in, and an advocate of, placing within the reach of everyyoung man in the Northwest, the facilities for obtaining a liberaleducation at home, and believe that we should offer to the"Western boys" the same facilities and advantages that theycould obtain by going to Harvard, Yale, Rochester, or any othereastern university. To do this, it is absolutely necessary thatwe should set our standard high, and that we should not, for aninstant, contemplate the starting of a second or third-class in­stitution.The plans for the buildings should be carefully considered.We should not construct buildings especially for their architect­ural effects, with high towers, and loop-holes for windows. Thebuildings should be fire-proof, with large, light rooms, so locatedas to place the student at ease, and surround him with the com­forts of horne.The students should have access to a first-class library, andto well-arranged and thoroughly equipped laboratories.The endowment should be sufficient at the start to justifythe employment of a faculty of the ablest men that the ageaffords; men of vigor, who have obtained eminence in their pro­fession.In short, if it is proposed to establish a university in theNorthwest, it should be in every respect up to the standard ofNorthwestern progressive young men.To accomplish all this, in my opinion, it will require at leastone million of dollars to construct and equip the necessary build­ings, libraries and laboratories, and an endowment fund should beprovided, large enough to produce an income sufficient to defraythe expenses of properly running the institution.The care of this fund, and the management of the Univer­sity, should be placed in the hands of a small Board of Trustees, who should be selected with great care for their business quali­fications; they should be generally business men, with a decidedminority representation of the clergy; they should be such per­sons as would be willing to freely gi ve a portion of their time tothe management and care of the institution, the same as theywould do for their own personal affairs.After the fund has been raised, the donors should make theorganization, and establish such rules and regulations for themanagement of the institution as they might desire. To the donorsshould be left the question of location, and the advantages anddisadvantages of the various city and suburban locations shouldbe fairly considered.I am aware of the fact that the contribution of one milliondollars for an institution of learning is generally considered to bea difficult thing to accomplish; it would be easier to raise onemillion dollars than ten thousand dollars for educational pur­poses.To establish a low-grade university in or near the city ofChicago, among our firat class high schools, to my mind is notattractive, and I could not reason myself up into a frame of mindto make a contribution to such an institution; but if we canestablish an institution that is in every way firat-cl ass, sucha university as you or I would be proud to send our sons to;such an institution as any young man might be proud to pointto as his Alma Mater, it would address itself forcibly to mymind, and, I think, to the minds of other people who are in­clined to be liberal and kindly disposed toward such an enterprise.I do not believe that the contributions for this sort of an in­stitution can be obtained from the masses. I do not believethat you can raise one million dollars in penny and nickel sub­scriptions. An institution of this character must be' endowedwith the checks of people who can spare the money, and to whomit would be a pleasure to make large contributions.If you can succeed in organizing and endowing such aninstitution as I have described, I will be one of twenty toraise one million dollars, or, in other words, I will contributefifty thousand dollars towards making up the million.Hoping that you may be successful in your'; enterprise, Iremain, Yours truly,F. E. HINCKLEY.In view of subsequent events, this letter reads like aprophecy. It was, at any rate, a clear statement of whatmigh t be done.They, who had the matter in charge, widened theirplans from a college to a university, and donations weresolicited upon this basis. So much for the concept. Dr.T. W. Goodspeed and Rev. F. T. Gates then presentedthe matter to possible donors, and the getting of themeans was begun. This ambitious idea met with morefavor than the first and more modest one. Yet the planswould have been long delayed had not John D. Rocke­feller inspired effort by his well-planned promise of$600,000.It is well to consider the method of this man's giving.It would be well if other givers invested their money inphilanthropic and educational enterprises with the samejudgment used by Mr. Rockefeller. With him money isLHIf. G t�qCHICAGO WEEKLY. ./. I) "M ' 1,,;3 /(.4yb,ythe history of raising the means, for it exhibit;�oq;;_e newnames on the list of donors, and indexes a newly awak­ened interest.Marshall Field, with the same rare judgment exercisedby Mr. Rockefeller, offered $100,000, provided $850,000be raised before July 10th. His real proviso was to theeffect that the remainder of a million be raised in that2 UNIVERSITY OFa sacred trust, and his care in an investment where thereturns are to be better brains and better hearts, is aswatchful as that exercised in some great enterprise infinance and trade. Mr. Rockefeller seems to considerhimself a sort of responsible steward in charge of a greatdeal of money, whose duty it is to render an acceptableaccount. His $600,000 was not given in that careless,open-handed fashion which sometime passes for gener­ority. Had it been thus, there might have resulted a cessa­tion of that continuous effort necessary to the accomplish­ment of all truly great endeavors. And so this first do­nation of his for endowment was under condition that$400,000 be raised for grounds and buildings.Many friends of the University came to the rescue andsupplied the conditions of the proviso. In addition to. the million dollar fund thus raised, a site, valued at $125,-000, was contributed by Marshall Field--another giver ofMr. Rockefeller's stamp.A board of trnstees was chosen for the University.They included representative names in the financial, busi­ness and professional life of the country-particularly ofthe West. It would be hard to improve such a list, asfollows:E. Nelson Blake, Ferd W. Peck, Judge J. M. Bailey,Herman H. Kohlsaat, Francis E. Hinckley, Charles L.Hutchinson, Eli B. Felsenthal, Hon. Geo. A. Pillsbury,Martin A. Ryerson, Edward Goodman, Judge D. L.Shorey, Alonzo K. Parker, Geo. C. Walker, John W.Midgley, C. C. Bowen, Andrew McLeish, Elmer L. Corth­ell, Fred A. Smith, Henry A. Rust, W. B. Brayton.By the University's charter it is provided that thepresident and two-thirds of the trustees shall be Bap­tists; but it further states that "no other religious testor particulal: religious profession shall ever be held asa requisite for election to said board, or for admissionto said university, or to any department belongingthereto, or which shall be under the supervision or con­trol of this corporation, or for election to any profes­sorship, or any place of honor or emolument in said cor­poration, or any of its departments or institutions oflearning. "The next great day for the finances of the Univer­sity was September 16, 1890. On that date Mr. Rocke­feller wrote the trustees a further donation of a mil­lion; $800,000 of this is for an endowment, the in­come of which is to be used for non-professional gradu­ate instruction and fellowships; $100,000 is an endow­ment, the income of which is to be used for theologicalinstruction in the divinity school, and $100,000 goesfor construction of buildings for the divinity school.During the next spring-that of 1891-by the actionof the executors of the estate of William B. Ogden,about $500,000 was realized for the Ogden ScientificSchool of the University of Chicago.N ext in order, Sidney A. Kent notified the trusteesthat he would erect, at a cost of $150,000, a chemicallaboratory.Then comes, perhaps, the most interesting period in time, but he generously allowed the then recent donationof Mr. Kent to be counted as part of the sum total. Inninety days the new amount, $850,000, was contributed.Below is a list of the donors to this fund:S. A. Kent,Silas B. Cobb,Martin A. Ryerson,Geo. C. Walker,Geo. C. Walker (trustee)Mrs. Elizabeth G. Kelly,Mrs. N. S. Foster,Mrs. Mary Beecher,Mrs. Henrietta Snell,Major II. O. Rust,Mrs. Martin Ryerson, $181,000150,000150,000100,00050,00050,00050,00050,00050,00050,00010,00010,0005,0005,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,0001,000Other subscriptions less than $1,000 were also received,and the grand total was thus more than enough to securethe $100,000 offer of Marshall Field..Following closely upon the gift of Mr. Kent, and beforethe time of the Marshall Field fund, came the subscrip­tion of another million from Mr. Rockefeller, for enc1ow-ment purposes.Thus the University starts with the princely possessionof about $5,000,000 in money, lands and buildings.So much for the gett.lng of the means. .The organiiation of the University is mainly the storyof one man's work. It is true that much credit must begiven those who worked with him. As in the organiza­tion of an army, so, in the organization of a university,the responsibility is greater as the rank goes higher. Sincehe was chosen president in September, 1890, William� 7 &,1, p�1L!" [ 562-UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.Rainey Harper has labored incessantly for the success ofthe University. Far from shirking responsibility, hecourted it, and he seems happiest when busiest. Addedto an immense capacity for hard work, is a brilliant abil­ity for organization. A deep scholar and popular teacherhimself, he has been able to draw about him others of hiskind. Besides his position in the University of Chicago,Dr. Harper is the head of the correspondence Bible studyrepresented by the Old Testament St-udent. Besides this,he is editor of Hebraica, a magazine for scholars only,with two-fifths of its circulation on the Continent. Besides this, he is at the head of the Chautauqua movement.Dr. Harper is but thirty-six years old. What may notbe prophesied of a new institution, with the endowmentof this one, headed by a young man of the ability, energyand popularity possessed by William Rainey Harper'?THE OPENING OF THE UNIVERSITY EXTENSIONWORK.During the approaching season the public will have anopportunity to test the working and value of UniversityExtension at its very best. At the Union Park Centre,at All Souls' Centre, and probably at the Newberry Li­brary, Mr. Richard G. Moulton of Cambridge, England,will open the work. Mr. Moulton, without doubt, rankshigher as an extension lecturer than any other man in theworld. He has been actively identified with this workfrom its beginning in England in 1872. Two years agohe opened and led the work in and about Philadelphia.He was most successful, attracting very large audiences,and, what is most remarkable, considering the then new­ness of the work, securing a very large return of student­work from his hearers. Mr. Moulton may be said to en­joy an international reputation, and is fairly entitled tobe called the apostle of University Extension. Othercities in the West are requesting his services, especiallyDetroit, Minneapolis, St. Paul and Indianapolis. It al­ready appears doubtful, however, whether his engage­ments in the University and the city will make it practi­cable for him to lecture at so great a distance. One of theespecial services which Mr. Moulton will render, will bethe giving of courses of Extension lectures in Literature atthe University. They will be open to the general publicas well as to students at the University. They will havea function including and exceeding that of usual universitylectures; for, in addition to their high intrinsic value, theywill afford' to those who hear them the very best object,teaching in the aims and methods of University Extensionlectures.From Cambridge there will come to this work alsoProf. 'rhos. J. Lawrence, 1..1.. D., and Mr. Bensley,each of them scarcely less successful than Mr. Moulton.Prof. Lawrence will open the work at La Salle, Ill., witha course on English Parties and American Independence.Professor Butler will open the work at Elgin, Ill., with acourse in English Literature, and Mr. Shepardson at Joliet,with a course in American history. At Aurora, Mr. 3Arthur Kaiser will give a course 111 American History,and later a similar course at Elgin. At the HighlandPark Military Academy, Professor Starr will give a courseon the Intellectual Progress of Man, to be followed by acourse in Biology by Mr. E. R. Boyer. Later in the sea­son, Professor Bemis will be heard at the Newberry Li­brary, and Mr. Kaiser at All Souls' Centre. This is onlythe second season of University Extension in the West,unless the work in Pennsylvania and Ohio be counted asin the West. The degree of interest manifested even thusearly in the season is most reassuring to those who arelooking for great results of_ good from this new departurein education.A most valuable enlargement of the sphere of U niver ..sity Extension, as offered by the University of Chicago,'will consist in the departments of class-work and of cor­respondence-teaching. In these departments, work will bedone as systematic in form and as scientific in spirit, asthat done on the Campus. The former of these two de­partments will organize evening and Saturday classes atvarious points in Chicago, and the latter will offer instruc­tion to students in any part of the country. The workdone through these two departments will be strictly Uni-,versity work, while that done through the lecture studies,although thorough and systematic in its character, will bemore flexible an-d capable of.;heing adapted to the wants ofthose asking for the courses. Each of the three depart­ments is in charge of a special secretary, and the whole isin charge of the Director, Mr. George Henderson, whobrings to the work exceptional qualifications and valuableexperience had in organizing and directing the work ofthe American Society in Philadelphia.The University Extension has already published a bul­letin, explaining all the minute details of the plan of or­ganization and work. It has also printed some prelimi­nary announcements and lists of lecturers. The UniversityExtension Calendar, just issued, contains a much moreexplicit account of the work and very full announcementsregarding the courses of study to be offered in each depart­ment. Detailed announcements regarding Mr. Moulton'scourses, and current announcements relating to the workin general, will be posted npon a bulletin board 111 themain corridor of the University Lecture Hall.PRAISE FROM FRANCE.The following comes from one of the most distin­guished economists in France, Professor Emile Levasseur,of Paris: "I have read with interest the programme ofcourses in Political Economy to be given at Chicago. Wehave nothing in France which approaches it in complete­ness and variety."By mutual agreement between all the faculty andofficers of the University now on hand, the uniformappellation of "Mr." has been adopted in mutual inter­course, thus doing away with all doubts and mistakes asto the proper title of any man connected with the in­stitution.4 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.J. LAURENCE LArGHL1N, PH. D.THE LABOR TROUBLES.J. LAWRENCE LAUGHLIN,Head Professor of Political Economy, University of Chicago.The recent painful occurrences at Homestead, Pa., atthe mines in Idaho and Tennessee, and at Buffalo, N. Y.,cannot fail to have a serious effect upon the interests ofthe workmen wherever employed. In these cases, as inthe case of the great Southwestern Railway strike, thesympathy of the public was originally with the strikers;and in every case this sympathy was subsequently with­drawn from them. The reason in each case was perfectlyobvious; but it does not seem obvious to the strikingworkmen, nor does the community realize fully the les­sons which these emergencies teach.We now leave wholly out of account the merits of thegrievances assigned for striking. Granted that they weresuch as to make the employees prefer to leave work in abody rather than submit. Their wages may have beentoo low, or the hours too long, in the opinion of the em­ployes; suppose they were. Our point now is not con­cerned with that question. What we wish to discuss isthis: Supposing a grievance, what course of action isopen to the employee? ,What is the value of organiza­tion? And, finally, what is the consequent duty of thecommunity?First of all, the employee may stop working. Noemployer owns his employees, except in a regime ofslavery. But, can the employees force the employer bythe act of striking in an organized body, to submit to theirdemands for higher wages? That depends wholly on thepossibility of obtaining new men to fill the places ofstrikers. If the population at any given time is such inits relation to our industries that many are unemployed,or accept low wages, then that is an industrial fact whichcannot be changed by a strike. Clearly enough, a strikedoes not increase employment by increasing the means of employment. N ow this truth must be generally accepted;and its acceptance is, in truth, manifest in the policy ofthe striking organizations. If it is realized after striking;that the employer is able easily to fill the places of strikersby new men, the labor organization, of course, fails toaccomplish its ends. It fails, because it does not ade­quately gauge the supply of and demand for labor. Then,w hat is to be done? Just here we find the crux of thewhole matter. Every organization recognizes to-day thatif the employees remain quiet and peaceful, and patientlyprolong the strike, either the families of the employeeseventually suffer for food, or the employer finds new men.Consequently, their further purpose is, by intimidation andforce, to prevent the new men from taking the places ofthe old men. But if the new men need work, as well as theold men, this means that one set of men forbids anotherset of men to work. By what right? By virtue of mem­bership in an organization. The action of the organiza­tion at this stage, moreover, is generally decided upon bya committee of leaders; and men with families are de­pendent on the opinions of leaders who may be untaught,unskilled in the state of the market, rash, conceited, hot­headed, and perhaps forced to act in order to show whythey should earn the salary of a committeeman, or a walk­ing delegate. We do not say this is always so; butthis may often happen.In short, the aim of many organizations is to force uponan industrial community, against its will, a principlewhich the leaders of the strikers hold to be right, butwhich the community does not regard as right. Themethod of forcing this principle is my subject.The manifesto of the Homestead strikers to the public,was based throughout on the assumption that the work­men had created the wealth visible in the manufacturingplant, and that they had property rights in it. This, ofcourse, is a consequence of the teaching of Karl Marx, andshows what reading is most absorbed by the laborers.N ow, we do not all agree in this doctrine of Marx. Butsuppose it were true. Then what? Is it a proper mode ofconverting the community to new ideas of property to killmen, or break the heads of non-union men, or to destroywealth? It is surely not necessary to justify the existenceof law and order in this day and age of the world. Whyshould we need to show that, if Marx's doctrine were true,the only way to obtain its adoption would be to peacefullyconvert men by argument and to induce legislatures tochange the laws of property? The conclusion is forcedhome on us that hare-brained men, mostly of foreign ex­traction, find this a hopeless task; the proeess is too slowand too unexciting. These men, unaccustomed to Anglo­Saxon ideas of representative and local self-government,and trained to regard the state as a means of forcing ideason a people at the will of despotic rulers, rush into bloodydeeds and arson without any reflection as to the illogicof their acts. After shooting a Pinkerton, a non-unionman, or an employer, they are no nearer the accomplish­ment of their economic purpose. Their only effect is totest the efficiency of the local representatives of the StateUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO \VEEKL Y.in maintaining order and the supremacy of the law (in theenactment of which the free action of each citizen unites).The inability to see the entire lack of connection be­tween force and the establi shment of their ideas in a freecommunity, is a sad thing in all these troubles. It hasnothing whatever to do with the right or wrong of theseideas. We may, and do, sympathize with any hopefulplan- of increasing wages (although the real hope for thepoor is not merely h igher wages but h ig her character to usethe higher wages), but we lose all sympathy with methods,ages ago regarded as stupid and ruinous. If workmen re­sort to force, then why cannot employers? If laborerswith insufficient support go about shooting and takingpossession of other persons' property -i. e., articles whichthe 'laws regards as property-then, others can do it.What if, in the present depression in the leather trade,employers, seeing bankruptcy impending, should thinkruefully of the dissipation of the earnings of a life-time, ofwives and children left penniless, and combine, taking inperhaps the bankrupt employers of other trades, then goabout the streets, demanding an assessment from house tohouse to better their financial position, and clubbing andshooting innocent persons who refused. to meet their de­mands. The mere fact that the bankrupts believed theywere wholly right in their action and beliefs, does notjustify their clubbing or shooting, or their policy of im­posing their ideas on others by force.That a government exists equally for all; to protect allalike, poor or rich, in the peaceful pursuit of their occu­pations, is so simple a proposition, and so generally ap­prehended, that the inference is almost inevitable thatthese labor trouble are inspired by foreigners whose ideasof government are foreign to our democratic system.In what has been said, we have reached our conclu­sions independently of the merits of the disputes betweenthe employers and strikers. But when we admit the con­clusions, the duty of the community in respect of educa­tion becomes very clear. Many workmen are evidentlyuneducated, either in the principles of constitutional gov­ernment, or in the fundamental principles of economics.They get a certain kind of socialistic reading, and noother; they do not hear the other side. Much as in po­litical campaigns, once an opinion is entertained, the readercares only for reading which satisfies his partisan leaning.lIence, the duty of the community, of the press, of thepulpit, and of the school in particular, is peculiarly impor­tant .. The unthinking, ignorant utterances of many pul­pits is discouraging. The press too often publishes whatit thinks its readers wants. The schools teach little ornothing to that great majority who never have a universitytraining. The simple principles of economics are rarelytanght, even in our high schools, so that an insignificantfraction of our people know anything of economics. If,then, we propose to examine the merits of these laborquestions, how can we do it untrained. lIow can we prop­erly study a doctrine like Marx's, which demands some pre­liminary economic training? 'I'he urgent pressure of eco­nomic questions at every point of our daily life, when taken with the great and general lack of economic education, isone of the striking inconsistencies of our day. But per­haps it may somewhat explain the marvellous growth in thedevelopment of economic instruction in the past twentyyears, and it justifies the University of Chicago in givingit so large a place in its courses of instruction.THE CHICAGO ACADEMY.This enterprising institution is an example of the bene­fits of the unique system of affiliated schools of the Uni­versity of Chicago. The advantages of this mutual rela­tion are easily apparent. The University has a generalsupervision of the work of this academy. In return,the student of the academy, upon the completion of anyof the regular courses of study, will be given a certificateadmitting the holder to the University without furtherexamination.A. Ar.oxzo STAGG, A.B.AS TO ATHLETICS.The following is from Paragraph 17 of the Generalregulations:"All students will be examined as to their physical COll-'clition, upon entering the University, and at intervalsduring the course. The University physician, who willmake the examination, will give each student thus exam-"ined a witten statement, in detail, of his physical condi­tion, indicating constitutional weaknesses, and forms ofexercise desirable and undesirable for the individual inquestion. A student will not be permitted to study inthe University four consecutive quarters without a phy­sician's certificate that he may do the work of the fourthquarter without inj ury to his health. The director of thedepartment of physical education will give his personalattention, not only to the organization and training ofathletic teams, and to the general athletic interests of thestudent, but especially to the physical training of eachstudent, in so far as is practicable." 56 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.ALBION W. SMALL, PH. D.THE PROVINCE OF SOCIOLOGY.ALBION W. SMALL,Head Professor of Social Science, and Dean in the College of Liberal Arts,Universi ty of Chicago.The most original sociologist in America has said, insubstance, that progress, up to date, has been more ofgood luck than of good sense. Nature has been kindenough to make the most irrational forms of social life soinconvenient, that we have been driven out of the worst,and have stumbled upon better. When right reason takescontrol of life, social possibilities will be realized to a de­gree that will make the hap-hazard results of the pastseem trivial.One of the most indomitable social reformers in Amer­ica has said: "0 Ill' literature abounds in studies of social. topics which are of little use, even when they are notpositively misleading, because they do not approach theirsubjects from the sociological point of view. And it isout of the second and third-rate followers of this classof writers that we are getting a deal of social quack-.ery and cranks. A lot of social material and informa­tion is a poor substitute for sociological training."The first business of the student of social science is,; to establish this "sociological 1) oint of view." Thefounder of modern sociology taught that the radicaldifficulty in society is the utter failure to reach agree­ment about fundamental principles.'I'he men of the Renaissance thought they had dis-covered life's secrets in the classic literatures, whichseemed to them-rightly too-so genuine, comparedwith the schoolmen's fictions. But all the modern sci­ences about man have been making knowledge of life athousand times more precise than it was in classicthought. Each of these sciences has something to say,which the student of society must learn how toplace. The student of social science must first observe thefacts of society, past and present, until he can make themdivulge some of the missing fundamental principles.Does matter make mind, or does mind mould matter?Is morality moral or physical, elective or compulsory?Is the immanent economy of social relations that ofwolves or of brethren '? . Is the chief end of man wealth 01'welfare? Are the functions of government sanctioned bymetaphysics or by experience?Such questions as these lead to theories of fun­damental principles, which must be passed upon be­fore men can intelligently co-operate in the organizationof social life. Social science begins, accordingly, bybuilding social' facts into a foundation 0 f social philoso­phy.All this is with the most concrete and practical aim.Sociology is the ambitious science, which proposes to takethe last word from every science that gathers knowledgeabout man, and combine it with the last word of everyother human science, to form the completest view of hu­man conditions possible up to date. Sociology is theorganization of all available knowledge about man asa social being, into plans and specifications of thor­oughly rational life. Many sociologists would-stop here;but, if that were all, the study would hardly deserveto be called practical. The final aim of social scienceis the discovery and application of the most direct andnatural means and methods of changing irrational intorational relations.Any civilized community of one or two hundredmembers, presents concrete problems enough to employthe ingenuity of a group of trained sociologists. Withfew and scattered exceptions, our social. procedure, localand national, is nevertheless by rule of thumb, not byrule of science. The regime of the social quack willcontinue until the discipline of the social sciences q ual­ifies better men to demonstrate their fitness for socialleadership.In public office, 01' in private occupation"; in theprofessions, 01' in business, there is more scope now inour country than ever before for the salutary influenceof adequately trained social justice. N ever could socialdisadjustments propagate disturbance wider 01' faster.N ever could an isolated social discovery become so soonthe property of civilization.Sociology has been used as a more pretentious namefor the theories of charity, or as a mask for the vaga­ries of Socialism. Sociology is rather the modernHumanity. Sociology expands the Greek wisdom,"Know thyself!" into the ideal of comprehending So­ciety, the larger self. Sociology is not a name for unre­lated social fads. Sociology is neither star-gazing norslumming. Sociology is the rationale of the ideal humanlife. Sociology is the science, not of criminality, butof legality; not of the dependent, but of the independ­ent; not of the defective, but of the effective. Sociol­ogy challenges the attention of every man who aspiresto be a positiY0 and progressive force ..UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.THOMAS CHROWDER CHAMBERLIN, PH.D., LL.D.THE NEW GEOLOGY.T. C. CHAMBERLIN,Head Professor of Geology, University of Chicago._ It is an old saying, sorely worn and wearied withoveruse, that "poets are born, not made." Geologiststhus far, for the greater part, have neither been born normade; they have just come up; or, at best, have broughtthemsel ves up as best they could. The science is too youngto have become hereditary and too new to have as yetwell established provisions for producing its experts. Ithas no distinct colleges for the training of its specialists.There are well appointed schools for the production oflawyers, engineers, ministers, doctors, dentists, and so on,but the mode of becoming a geologist is a subject of in­quiry. In the popular mind, an eccentric enthusiast whocarries an odd fossil about in his pocket and talks crankilyabout it in season and out of season, soon comes to bereckoned a geologist. And if to this he adds a peculiarfacility for seeing "stupendous forces of upheaval" inthe simple disturbing effects of the settling and crackingof beds of rock, or "great convulsions of nature" in thesloping mantle' of fallen blocks, that naturally forms onthe face of a cliff, his popular credentials are complete.Popular taste and the pseudo-geologist have commonground in their fondness for violent agencies and myste­rro us processes.In reality, there is no field in which steady-going,level-headed common sense is so essential as a foundation,and careful, so bel' training is so needful as a culturalantecedent, as in the working out of the structure andhistory of the earth. Good geology comes neither of in- 7herited intuition, nor ingenious speculation, but of clearand steady vision, trained to the utmost sobriety andtrustworthiness, held under strong and cautious control,supported by cool and patient induction, rigidly subser­vient to the hardest terms of physical law.Out of the large numbers, of all sorts of intellectualadaptation and cultural preparation, who have essayedthe subject because of its deep interest, the inevitablesifting of the selective process and the school-mastershipof nature have developed a percentage of masterful geol­ogists, but the process has been expensive to the govern­ments, or the corporations, or the institutions that havefurnished the practice-ground of this ex post initio, thisalmost ex post facto, education, and that have suffered theerrors inevitable from lack of' proper training and theantecedent application of the processes of selection andelimina tion.It is not, therefore, a straining of the realities to feelthat a new era in geology is dawning when schools arebeing established for the systematic training of profes­sional geologists-schools that propose not merely a fewterms of study of the literature of the subject and a littledesultory rummaging in museums, but thorough-goingcourses, based on ample preparation and running throughas many years as are accounted, and justly accounted,necessary to the proper preparation for other learned pro­fessions-courses that embrace not merely studies aboutthe earth's structure and history, but direct investigationof the earth's formations and formative processes by in­dividual contact in the field and in the laboratory. Thismovement toward definite professional schools in geologyhas been inaugurated by a few, a very few, of the fore­most institutions. In joining it, the University of Chi­cago hopes not only to strengthen it numerically, but toaid in advancing it toward the attainment of its fullestfunction.But" the new geology," which I am invited to sketch,relates to the science rather than its representatives. Ina sense, all geology is new. It is one of the younger ofthe sisterhood of sciences. There is no phase of itthat is not still undergoing growth. But there is a neweramong the new.The foremost attention of the pioneer geologists wasnaturally turned toward the sediments of the seas, thecrumplings of the crust and the ejecta of volcanic agen­cies. 'I'hese embrace the more impressive factors of theearth's formation. They constitute the major anatomyof the earth's body, at least of that superficial portionwhich alone is accessible to study. They furnish therecord of its great eras, the tangible outcome of its greatforces. The more delicate study of the face of the earth wasleft to later stages. .I'he study of physiognomy naturallycomes later than that of the coarser anatomy. The faceof the earth reveals a character as legible and as signifi­cant of its previous life and inherent nature as does theface of man. And its study is as difficult, as fascinatingand as important to intelligent guidance. Youth and oldage are portrayed on the face of the land, as on the face8 UNIVEESITY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.of man.' The octogenarian is not' more distinct from"sweet sixteen" in facial expression than is one landscapefrom another, when the'Zclnclscape itself is considered apartfrom its vegetal and human super-add.itiona.. And soit happens that we have never had a real school of land­scape painters, for we have never had painters who dis­cerned the significance and soul of the landscape, andwho were enkindled thereby into aesthetic enthusiasm.The contours of the hills are full of meaning; the curvesof the valleys are historical inscriptions; the assemblageof features is an organic expression which invites studyand portraiture.This expression may be read in terms of economic ap­plicability, or of intellectual inspiration, or of aestheticexhilaration, or of ethical suggestiveness, and so may sub­serve industry or intellectuality, art or morals.The discernment of the meaning of surface featuresgives soul and sense to that too often soulless and sense­less study, geography, for there is significance in everycape and every estuary, in every cataract and every delta.A stream does not simply rise in such a place, flow insuch a direction and empty into such a body of water, inthe inane fashion of too many school. rooms, but it takesits course for reasons that give it character and make itsacquaintance worth the making, and a pleasure in themaking. In this phase the new geology is the new geog­raphy.This study of geo-physiognomy is being cultivatednow as never before, especially by a group of Americangeologists who have developed it on new lines.Turning to another aspect of the science, the laterstudies have been more largely directed to derivation,the earlier having related more to sedimentation. Thediscovery of the great formations was naturally followedby the immediate question how were they made. And itwas only when this was measurably well answered, thatinquiry turned to the more remote question, whencecame the material. This, in turn, led on to a more and moreintimate study of the processes of derivation, and this, inits turn, to the sculpturing of the land, from the wasteof which the sea sediments were derived. This sculptur­ing and its concurrent agencies are the chief factors ingiving that expression to the face of the land to whichattention has already been directed.Just as geological inquiry was thus led from the moreimmediate and obtrusive to the more occult and remote,from the grosser anatomy to the more delicate physiogno­my, so, in relation to the internal structure of the rocks,advance proceeded from the larger to the less, and thenceto the minute, from the macroscopic to the microscopic.It is only about two decades since even the foremost lithol­ogists began to practice the slicing of rocks to such thin­ness that they could be examined by transmitted lightwhich, especially in its polarized form, reveals their in­ternal structure as no other known agency can. It openeda new realm of investigation. The new petrology is in­expressibly superior to the old lithology. By commonconsent a new name has been assumed. MicroscopicII petrography is essentially a new science. It reveals theinternal life of the rocks as well as their minute structure,for it is not only histological but physiological. Internal ac­ti vi ty is a characteristic of rocks as of other living things,for all things seem to be living. Death is indeed an ob­vious fact, in a sense, but the dead are but the transi­tional. Death is a change, not a state. One life followsanother life, and the life and death of rocks, the followingof one constructive process upon another, the transmuta­tions within the rocks are revealed by the microscope andpolarized light. Here, too, the new geology is, more thanthe old geology, the science of processes, as distinguishedfrom products, of life rather than deposits.I speak of this as life without qualifying it as "inor­ganic," for I doubt whether, in the last analysis, it lacksorganism, and I want to help on that reversal of sentimentwhich shall do justice to down-trodden matter. We putit under our heel enough in the natural course of thingswithout characterizing it as "dead" merely because itsactivities have reached unswerving constancy, merely be­cause it has arrived at a state typical of Buddha's Nir­vana; ceaseless activity without appreciable desire or dis­comfort.But, turning to the field of life in the common humansense, the old era of geologic life-study was filled withfossil-hunting and specie-making. r1'0 find a new genusand name it with a soul-wrenching compound of Greekderivatives, or to find a new species and name it for a fel­low ,paleontologist, appending an incongruous Latintermination, in full expectation of a like immortalizationin return, was the most obtrusive characteristic of theold paleontological spirit. It was not the best character­istic, but it gave taint to the whole. It would be unjustto accept it as a fair characterization. I t was needfulthat the relics of ancient life should be assiduously -gathered and all distinctions of form and function mostcritically studied and differentiated, and the factor ofpersonal ambition gave zest and speed to the work. Iftoo much stress was laid on minute and merely varietaldistinctions, and too many species made, it was but theexcess of a laudable endeavor.But the new paleontology concerns itself more withgradations than diversities and contrasts. Its endeavor isto trace one form into another, to obliterate species bymerging variety into variety through the discovery of in­termediate forms, to work out the lineage of the forms.This is the obvious effect of the revolutionary doctrineof the derivation of species which has taken possessionof the biological field during the last three decades. But'had this not come, the drift of effort would doubtlesshave been in much the same direction. Relations arefundamentally more important than diversities, and themore mature efforts of investigators are chiefly concernedwith correlations and connections.A phase of study of the greatest promise relates tomigrations of life during the geologic ages. In thechanges of conditions and the conflicts of species incidentto migration, whether voluntary or forced, are probablyUNIVERSITY oi- CHICAGO WEE'KL Y.to be found the most potent of instrumentalities that ef­fected the weeding out ill-adapted species and the foster­ing the best fitted ones, and possibly also the more occult,and as yet undemonstrated, agencies that produced varia­tion itself. At any rate, the field is rich and enticing,and will yield results that are sure to reflect light onother branches of the science; for when specific migra­tions shall have been demonstrated, the way will beopened for the discovery of the changes of climate or ofterritorial extension or contraction by continental eleva­tion or depression, or otherwise, that may have causedthem. And so physical geology will be advanced bybiological geology.These are some-and only some-of the phases of thenew geology. The new geology is the outgrowth of theold in the natural line of progression. I t is richer in in­tellectual food, because it reaches deeper into the life andsoul of the physical, and higher into the relations of thebiological.THE FAIR AND THE UNIVERSITY.It is safe to say that no other institution ever hadsuch a christening. \ The people of the world are tobe here next year-the first year of the new University.It is safe to say that no other institution ever openedwith such a laboratory near at hand-f( I' the Universitygrounds adjoin those of the World's Fair. What studiesin Sociology there will be in the surging crowds whichwill press through Chicago in the year of 1893! Whata trip around the world can a University of Chicago stu­dent take within a radius of two miles from the U niver­sity 1 Was there ever such an opportunity for Americanyoung men and women?CERTAIN ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.Thanks are due to several people, other than thosealready acknowledged, who aided very materially in thearrangement of the first number of the WEEKLY. The"man without a country" was well off in comparison tothe student's newspaper without the students, and with­out the aid which it did receive, the WEEKLY wouldhave a hard time to make it's appearance two weeks aheadof the opening of the University. Acknowledgmentsare due toProf. Harry Pratt Judson, for his uniform kindnessand his valuable aid.To Mr. J. M. Meldrum, for the use of his mine ofof University information in the shape of a newspaperscrap-book.To Mr. T. M. Hammond, the University steward, forhis willingness to sit down and feed the ravenous scribewith huge chunks of information.And last, but not least, to Mr. Ted Donnelley, of R.R. Donnelley & Sons Co., printers and publishers, whoretained his good nature in spite of our loud, nervouscalls for haste, and our Oliver Twist appetite for" moreproof. " 91'HE UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS.The following outline of' the completed and projectedbuildings of the University was kindly furnished from theoffice of Henry Ives Cobb, the architect, by Mr. JamesStewart:The University gr_9unds' are situated between Fifty­seventh street arid Mid way Plaisance north and south,and Ellis and Lexington avenues east and west. Theyoccupy a space of about 1,300x800 feet.'The Lecture Hall and, Divinity Dormitory are situ­ated in the southwest corner of the grounds, and are nearcompletion.The Lecture Hall is 168x85 feet, four stories high,and of iron and mill construction. The first story is' de­voted to chapel, officers'rooms, offices, faculty room, andlecture rooms. The second story has lecture rooms andladies' parlor. The thirdstory has lecture rooms. Thefourth story has lecture rooms and library.The foundations of these buildings are of concrete,dimension, and large size Lemont Iimestone rubble.The exterior of the walls is of fine dark-blue Bedfordstone. The roofs are of red flat roofing tile, wi th .or­namented crests and ridges.The interior is faced on all exposed walls with pressedbrick of selected colors. Toilet rooms and entrancevestibules' have marble and -tile floors. The 1_lpper floorsare of maple throughout. The interior wop,d finish isof quarter-sawed red and white oak.Kent Chemical Hall was contracted for jn June, andis progressing satisfaotorily. It is of iron and will con­struction, and is situated a little northwest of th� "cel,ltreof the grounds. Its dimensions are I 75x64 feet, threestories high, with an auditorium annex, octagonal in.form.Beecher Hall, Kelly Hall, Walk�r Museum, and SnellHall have just been contracted. The first three are Io­cated in the southeastern portion of the gr,Q(Jnds. 'SnellHall is in the northwestern portion.Walker Museum is of iron and fire-proof constructionthroughout. -It is 120x52 feet; exclusive.of projectrons,and is three stories 'high.Snell Hall is 82x42 feet, basement and four stories h,rgh.Beecher Hall and Kelly Hall are thesame as 'Snell Hall.The interior finish of these' h.uildings is similar to the lec­ture Hall and Divinity Dormitory.There are also three more buildings to be completedin the near future. Excavations have, in fact, been madefor Foster Hall and Women's Hall. Drawings are com­pleted for Foster Hall, and Women's Ifalt is now onthe boards. A temporary library and gyti:n1;a�iu!l1 build­ing, 250x100 feet, is about to be erected, for. use untilthe permanent buildings are constructed.The style of architecture .employed throughout isEnglish Gothic.All buildings will be heated by steam, and lighted byelectricity from a central plant, the contracts for whichhave already been let.10 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.,U NIVERSrry OF CHICAGO' W EEKL YPUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE INTEREST OF THE STUDENTS OF THEU]';IVERSITY OF CHICAGO.EDITOR,BUSINESS MANAGER, E. M. FOSTERW. F. DURNO.SUBSCRIPTION RATE.ONE YEAR, (Thi'ee Terms)ONE TERM,Advertising rates made on application.Address all communications to, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. WEEKLY;144 Monroe Street. Chicago, Illinois.SPECIAL NOTICE.This first number is sent out two weeks in 'advance of itsreg ular vdate of issue.THIS first number of the UNIVERSITY OF CmCAGO'iVEEKLY comes out under many disadvantages.There are no happenings to chronicle; there are no lec­tures to report or announce; there are no athletics to writeup; there are no pranks at which to chive the quill, inthe good old ways of college journalism; there are no pe­culiarities about the-professors and officers assembled to de­scribe-except their capacity for doing about three days'workIn one.- There are on hand, in fact, n011e of the oldtopics that are wont to push the pens of college journal­ists. And so the first number of the WEEKLY has, ofnecesslty, a dignified appearance somewhat misleading.Be -assured that beneath its staid and thoughtful exterior,there is the traditional spirit.-)(­* *IT was encouraging to meet with so ready a responsefrom the three men who contributed articles for thefirst number. Prof.. Chamberlin, Prof .. Laughlin, andProf. Small are peers in their respective specialties, andstand right on the border-land of the known, in the differ­ent sciences they represent. They have written on sub­jects with a popular, as well as a purely scientific value.They have done this at the request of the WEELKY, andpossibly against their own desire as to choice of topics.It is indeed no wonder that the University of Chicagobegins its career so prosperously. It has brought to­gether those great teachers whose human and social na­tures do not suffer from their intellects. '\ -** ,-*WE may now chronicle the last important step of_ learning: The culture of Greece passed on toRome, and gained by mixture with a political system.Thence the united stream fled north to Oxford and Cam­bridge. Ceasing awhile, it next crossed the Atlantic, andsettled in Havard and Yale. After two hundred yearsit makes its latest advance to the centre of a land onwhose margin it lingered so long. In spanning this lastthousand miles of its progress, it has compassed a COUD-$2.00.75 try only lately won for the mind's life, and just beyondlies a land where as yet the many are working with theirhands.The city of Chicago is the epitome of what has beengained west of the original thirteen states. All roadslead here, as to Rome of old. It is rich with trophiesof material things, and yet it has been suffering from anunequal development. It is a vigorous youth whosemuscle has been in a gymnasium, but whose mind hasmissed the library.All this is not saying that the West has no colleges.There are many of them. They dot the corn fields ofIowa, Illinois and Kansas, and the wheat fields of Minne­sota, Nebraska and the Dakotas. But until the incipiencyof the University of Chicago, with its university exten­sion, its affiliated system, its enlarged courses of study,and its new system of vacations, until that time there wasno university in the West presenting much more than acopy of the Eastern institutions in miniature.It is indeed consistent that this vital, throbbing motorof American learning should be located in Ohicago. Ithas been the history of the past that a precedence ofprosperity in things material is necessary to a success inthings mental. "Man does not live by bread alone,"hut it may be remarked, parenthetically, that he usuallybegins ill that way. Chicago began in that way, andgained a strong, vigorous life. The products of the Weststreamed into her marts-and out again with added value.She manipulated, retouched, revivified, distributed, andshe grew.• The highroads of honest trade are the highroads ofpopular education. It must necessarily be so. If theteacher would fain believe his art a life apart from thetouch of common things, a pursuit along byways andhedges, rather than highways, let him then dream of Ox­ford in Iceland, Cambridge on the Sahara, Harvardin Alaska. No-we win our laurels with our hands andChicago, in the name of the Great West, has won hers.It is this new University.In years past the grain of the West came in, andChicago--the heart-sent it back as brawn.In years to come the brawn of the West will comein, and Chicago-still the heart-will send it back asbrain.7(--x- -x-PROF. VON HOLST writes the WEl�KLY fromDobb's Ferry, where he has been resting from the fa­tigue of an ocean voyage, the guest of Mr. Henry Villard.By no means a strong physical man when he left Ger­many, a long sickness, beginning the spring, and lastingthrough the summer, has made 1892 a rather unpleasantyear for him thus far. He was very willing to contributeto the first number of the first University of Chicagopaper, but his health made it impossible. However, thegreat author of the" Constitutional History of the UnitedStates" is now here at his post, somewhat recovered, andcertainly rested. His enthusiasm for Chicago and thenew U ni versi ty is large.1. President William Rainey Harper.2. E. Nelson Blako.3. Martin A. Ryerson, Pres. Bd. Trustees.4. Charles L. Hutchinson. -ri. George A. Pillsbury.6. Ferd. W. PecIc 'i. Herman H. Kohlsaa t.8. Edward Goodman9. Alonzo K. Parker.10. John W. Midgley.11. Henry A. Rust. 12. George C. Walker.13. C. C. Bowen.14. Andrew McLeish.15. Judge J. W. Bailey.16. Eli B. Felse'nthal. 17. Judge D, L. Shorey.18. Fred A. Smith.19. Francis E. Hinckley.'20. Elmer L. Oorthell,21. W.�. Brayton.12 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF PROPOSED BUILDINGS.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO.CLASSIFIED LIST OF FACULTY BY DEPARTMENTS.1. PHILOSOPHY, ETHICS, AND ApOLOGETWS.a. Philosophy.Charles A. Strong, A. B., Associate Professor of Psychology.James H. Tufts, A. M., Assistant Professor of Philosophy.b. Ethics and Apologetics.Ezekiel Gilman Robinson, D. D., LL. D., Professor of Ethics andApologetics.2. POLITICAL ECONOMY.J. Laurence Laughlm, Ph. D., Head Professor of PoliticalEconomy.Adolph C. Miller, A. M., Associate Professor.William Caldwell, A. M., Tutor.Frank R. Hathaway, Reader.Edward W. Bemis, Ph. D., University Extension Associate Pro­fessor of Political Economy, and Secretary of District Organ­ization and Training.3. POLITICAL' SCIENCE •.Harry Pratt Judson, A. M., Professor of Political' Science andConstitutional History, and Head Dean of the Colleges.Thomas J. Lawrence, A. M., LL. D., University Extension Pro­fessor of History and International Law.4. HISTORY.Hermann Edourd von Holst. Ph, D., Head Professor of HistoryHarry Pratt Judson, A. M., Professor of Political Science andConstitutional History, and Head Dean of the Colleges.George Stephen Goodspeed, B. D., Ph. D., Associate Professorof Comparative Religion and Ancient History.Ferdinand Schwill, Ph. D., Assistant in History and German.Francis Wayland Shepardson, Ph. D., Docent in History, andUniversity Extension Secretary of Libraries and Publication.Eri Baker Hulbert, D. D., Professor of Church History and Deanin Divinity School.Franklin Johnson, D. D., Assistant Professorof Church Historyand Homiletics.Thomas J. Lawrence, A. M., LL. D., University Extension Pro­fessor of History and International Law.Oliver Joseph Thatcher, A. B., University Extension Instructorin History, and Secretary of Class Work. 5. SOCIAL SCIENCE AND ANTHROPOLOGY.Albion W. Small, Ph. D., Head Professor of Social Science, andDean in the College of Liberal Arts.Frederick Starr, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Anthropology,and Curator of the Museum.Charles Richmond Henderson, A. M., D. D., Assistant Professorof Social Science and University Recorder.Marion Talbot, A. M., Assistant Professor of Sanitary Science,and Dean (of women) in the University Colleges.Edward W. Bemis. Ph. D., University Extension Associate Pro­. fessor of Political Economy, and Secretary of District Organ­ization and Training.6. COMPARATIVE RELIGION.George Stephen Goodspeed, B. D., Ph. D., Associate Professor ofComparative Religion and Ancient History.7. THE SEMITIC LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES.William Rainey Harper, Ph. D., D. D., President of the University, and Head Professor of the Semitic Languages andLiterature.Emil G. Hirsch, Ph. D., Professor of Rabbinical Literature andPhilosophy.Ira Maurice Price, B. D., Ph. D., Associate Professor of the Sem­itic Language and Literature.Robert Francis Harper, Ph. D., Associate Professor of the Sem­itic Languages and Literature.Clark Eugene Crandall, B. D., Ph. D., University Extension In­structor in Semitic Languages, and Secretary of Class Work.S. BIBLICAL AND P ATRISTRIC GREEK.Ernest D. Burton, A. B., Professor of New Testament Li eratureand Exegesis.James Robinson Boise, Ph. D., LL. D., D. D., Professor of NewTestament Greek, Emeritus.9. SANSKRIT AND INDO-EUROPEAN COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY.Carl D. Buck, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Sanskrit and Indo­European Comparative Philology.10. THE GREEK LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE.Paul Shorey, Ph. D., Professor of Greek.Frank Bigelow Tarbell, Ph. D., Associate Professor of Greek.Clarence F. Castle, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Greek.Edward Copps, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Greek.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.11. THE LATIN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE.William Gardner Hale, A. M., Head Professor of Latin.Charles Chandler, A. M., Professor of Latin.Frank Frost Abbott, Ph. D., Associate Professor of Latin andUniversity Examiner.Frank Justus Miller, Ph. D., Instructor in Latin.12. ROMANCE LITERATURE AND PHILOLOGY.William Ireland Knapp, Ph. D., LL. D., Head Professor of theRomance Languages and Literature.Eugene Bergeron, A. B., Assistant Professor of French,George C. Howland, A. M., Instructor in the Romance Languagesand Literature.13. THE GERMANIC LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES.Starr W. Cutting, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of German.Ferdinand Schwill, Ph. D., Assistant in History and German.Bert John Vos, Ph. D., Instructor in German.14. THE ENGLISH LANGUAGF: AND LITERATURE, AND RHETORIC.a. English Language.Francis Adelbert Blackburn, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of theEnglish Language. ..b. English Literature.William D. McClintock, A. M., Assistant Professor of EnglishLiterature, and Dean in the College of Literature ..Oscar L. Triggs, A. B., Docent in English.Richard Green Moulton, Ph. D., University Extension Professorof English LIterature.c. Rhetoric.William Cleaver Wilkinson, D. D., Professor of Rhetoric andCriticism.Martha Foote Crowe, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of EnglishLiterature.Nathaniel Butler, Jr., A. M., University Extension Associate Pro­fessor of English Literature and Rhetoric, and Secretary ofLecture Work.BIBLICAL LITERATURE IN ENGLISH.Robert Francis Harper, Ph. D., Associate Professor of the Sem­itic Languages and Literature.George Stephen Goodspeed, B. D., Ph. D., Associate Professor ofof Comparative Religion and Ancient History.Theophilus Huntington Root, A. B., B. D., Tutor in New Testa­ment Literature.Clyde Weber Votaw, A. M., B. D., Docent in Biblical Literature,and University Extension Secretary of Libraries and Publi­cations.Charles F. Kent, Ph. D., Docent in Biblical Literature.16. MATHEMATICS.Eliakim Hastings Moore, Ph. D., Professor of Ma thematics.Oskar BoIza, Ph. D., Associate Professor of Mathematics. Heinrich Maschke, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Mathematicsand Physics.J. W. A. Young, A. M., Tutor in Mathematics.Harris Hancock, A. B, Assistant in Mathematics.17. ASTRONOMY.George E. Hale, B. S., Associate Professor in Astro-Physics, and'Director of the Observatory.18. PHYSICS., Albert A. Michelson, Ph. D., Head Professor of Physics.Samuel Stratton, B. S., Assistant Professor of Physics.19. CHEMISTRY.John Ulrich Nef, Ph. D.� Professor of Chemistry.Henry Newlin Stokes, Ph. D. Assistant Professor of InorganicChemistry.Massuo Ikuta, Ph. D., Assistant in Chemistry.Felix Lengfeld, Ph. D., Docent in Chemistry.Julius Stieglitz, Ph. D., Docent in Chemistry.James A. Lyman, Ph. D., Docent in Chemistry.20. GEOLOGY.Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin, Ph. D., LL. D., Head Professorof Geology, and Dean in the College of Science.Rollin D. Salisbury, A. M., Professor of Geographical Geology.C. R. VanHise, Ph. D., Non-resident Professor of Pre-CambrianGeology.Joseph Patton Iddings, Ph. D., Associate Professor of Petrology.R. A. F. Penrose, Jr., Ph. D., Associate Professor of EconomicGeology.Edmund Jiissen, Ph. D., Docent in European Stratigraphy.21. BIOLOGY.Charles O. Whitman, Ph. D., Head Professor of Biology, andProfessor of Animal Morphology.Henry Herbert Donaldson, Ph. D., Professor of Neurology.Franklin P. Mall, M. D., Professor of Biology.George Baur, M. D., Assistant Professor of Palaeonotology.Jaques Loeb, M. D., Assistant Professor of Biology.William Morton Wheeler, Ph. D., Instructor ill Biology.Edwin O. Jordan, Ph. D., Tutor in Animal Morphology.S. Watase, Ph. D., Reader in Cellular Biology.22. PHYSICAL CULTURE.A. Alonzo Stagg, A. B., Associate Professor, and Director of theDepartment of Physical Culture.Alice Bertha Foster, M. D., Tutor in Physical Culture.23. ELOCUTION.S. H. Clark, Reader in Elocution.LECTURE HALL AND DIVINITY DORMITORY.READY FOR OCCUPANCY OCTOBER 1ST. 13111 THE UNIVERSiTY OF CHICAGO WEEKLY.ROOMS AND BOARD.One nicely furnished alcove. suite, also double room.and two unfurnished rooms III pnvate home. Bath­room, furnace heat, front hall entrance, plenty of sun-light. One block from university. .W. E. PRICE, 5709 Drexel Ave.3821 Aldine St. Bet. Vincennes and Stanton Ave's.Rooms and board to accommodate 4 students,single ordouble room, terms very reasonable, furnace heat, bathhot and cold water, private family, member BaptistChurch. MRS. GEO. W. BELL.Three large rooms, well lighted and heated. Onevery fine large front alcove room. Hot and cold waterand bath A pleasant and desirable home for stu­dents. Board and rooms reasonable.4043 Drexel Boulevard.'1'he Harval'd.-5714 and 5716 Washington Avenue,contains sixty-two elegantly furnished rooms; steamheat, gas and electric light. New building and newfurniture. Near University and World's Fair gro unds.Inspection invited, A. V. LEE, Proprietor.To Rent.-5834 Rosalie Court. Three desirablerooms with board in private family. Excellent table.Short distance from University Buildings. Reason­able terms.The I{enilworth -2414 and 2!16 South Park Ave.,convenient to 22nd Street station. I.C.R.R., alsoWabash and Cottage Grove Cable line A very com­fortable, homelike place, with all modern conveniences.Terms very reasonable. References given and required.Home for Uni.versity Professors anclStudents.Rooms furnished or unfurnished, single, en suite,with or without board, modern conveniences. Pricesreasonable. Call, No. 357. 58th Street. between Madi­son and Monroe Avenues. MRS. L. L. CLOYD.The Unz"onLaw Schoolof . Chicago.OPENS SEPTEMBER I�, 1892.Improved methods and full corps of teach­ers. Send for Circular.MARSHALL D. EWELL,DEAN,95 CLARK STREET,CHICAGO, ILL.t!l:fJc lLaftcsilJe :jjhcssR. R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY10rinter�140-146 MONROE STREET. CHICAGOSTUDY LAWAT HOME.TAKE A COURSE IN TH�SPRAGUE CORRESPONDENCESCHOOL OF LAW, (IncorporatedSend ten cents (stamps) forparticulars toJ. COTNER. JR., SEC'Y,DETROIT, MICH.641 WHITNEY BLOCK. SOPER SCHOOL OF ORATORY,ELOCUTION, DELSARTE ANDPARLIAMENTARY PRACTIC.E.SIXTEENTH YEAR.Complete Course.Diplomas granted.Methods modern, practical, thorough.Able and experienced specialists ineach department.Class and private instruction.Send for Catalogue.HENRY M. SOPER, Principal,Suite 53, Athenseum,26 Van Buren St., CHICAGO._BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG.When in Chicago we would advise ourreaders not to fail to see one of the grand­est sights of that city, the vast and realisticPamorama of the BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG,which is exhibited on the corner of WfJ,­bash Ave. and Pamorama Place. Those whohave never witnessed a work of the kindcan form no conception of the startling ef,fects that are obtained, The GettysburgPamorama is the work of Paul Philipoteaux,a French artist of great ability and estab­lished reputation as a milltary painter,w hose wonderful "Defense of Paris" hasbeen seen by most Americans who havevisited the French capital. Mr. Philipo­teaux has made striking success, whereordinary senic painters have failed. It ishis idea to complete the pictorial illusionby placing the spectator in the centre of thescene, and completely surrounding him witha broad circumference of earth and sky,The whole battlefield of Gettysburg is re­produced with strictest topographical ac­curacy, and the details of the great fight arerepresented with a realism that seems mar­velous. The foreground is actually builtout with real fences, earth, trees, guns, etc.,which are so skillfully led up to and joinedwith the painted canvas that it is almostimpossible to discover where reality endsand illusion begins. A descriptive lectureis given by a veteran of the war. The en­thusiasm of the old soldier "and there arethousands of them," who gaze upon this'pamorana, is unbounded. A band of Dak­ota Indians who were taken to see it, paidan altogether to sincere tribute to the po­tency of the allusion. Fully convinced thatthe scene was real, they became wildly ex­cited and wanted to rush down upon thebroad field and taxe a hand in the fight.The amphitheatre rang with their warwhoops, a panic ensued, and it was only bygetting the dusky worriers outside of thebuilding that calm was restored. Northwestern UniversityMEDICAL COLLEGEFull and complete instructions in alldepartments.EXCELLENT LABORATORYfacilities, hospital �dvantages unsurpassed.For particulars and announcement,address. Prof. Marie J. Mergler, Secretary,29 Waverly Place.HENRY WADE ROGERS, President.CHAS. ,V ARRINGTON EARLE, M. D., Dean.Buy of Manufacturers direct, and save Middle Profits.Office Desks, Tables, Chairs and theAndrews' New Dictionary Holder,Superior to any ever made .. Be sure to see. beforebuying.Andrews' Gem Folding Bed,Mattress can not sag and doesnot fold, Cable supporting andadjustable. Elegant, comfor­table and most durable. Best""'IJ::�_'= made and cheapest.Andrews Metal ChairAttractive, Light, Comfortable andINDESTRUCTIBLE.Brass, Nickel, and Copper Finished: HighlyPolished. CHEAPES'f CHAIR ever made,quality and durability cousidered.Enameled any Color, Only $2.50.A. H. ANDREWS & CO.215 Wabash Av., Chicag-:,.THE LIBBY PRISON WAR MUSEUM.Visitors to Chicago should see LibbyPrison War Museum-truly one of thegreatest sights in the Garden City. It islocated on Wabash Avenue, between 14thand 16th streets, and is easy of access. Peo­ple who have visited the Libby Prison Mu­seum speak of it in high terms as a place of.real historical interest, and illustrative ofAmerican heroism. The spacious roomsare full of war mementoes-no expense hav­ing been spared to make it an interestingplace to visit.Open daily,Sundays included, from 9 a. m.to 10 p. m.