THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOFOUNDED BY JOHN D. ROCKEFELLERTHE FIVE HUNDRED TWENTIETHCONVOCATIONSUMMER QUARTERAUGUST TWENTY-NINTHTWO THOUSAND AND FOURTEENTHREE O'CLOCK P.M.ROCKEFELLER MEMORIAL CHAPELORDER OF EXERCISESROBERT J. ZIMMERPresident of the University, PresidingPRELUDES AND PROCESSIONALWylie Crawford, University CarillonneurMillar Brass EnsembleThomas Weisfiog, University OrganistTHE CONVOCATION PROCESSIONThe Congregation stands and remains standing until after the Call to Order.The Flag BearersThe Marshal of the University and the Student MarshalsThe Candidates for DegreesThe Faculty of the UniversityThe Vice-MarshalThe DeansThe Trustees and Officers of the UniversityThe Faculty SpeakerThe Provost of the UniversityThe President of the UniversityBRASS FANFAREMillar Brass EnsembleCALL TO ORDERCATHERINE C. BAUMANNMarshal of the UniversityWELCOMEROBERT J. ZIMMERPresident of the UniversityTHE CONVOCATION ADDRESSIntroduction given byERIC D. ISAACSProvost of the University"MEAN AND VARIANCE"byDAVID OWEN MELTZERProfessor, Departments ofMedicine and Economics, and the Irving B. Harris Graduate School ofPublicPolicy Studies; Chair, Committee on Clinical and Translational Science; Chief, Section of Hospital Medicine;Director, Center for Health and the Social SciencesA physician and economist, DR DAVID MELTZERworks to improve the outcomes and efficiency ofhealth care using insights from economics and othersocial sciences.Since 1997, Dr. Meltzer has studied the divisionof labor in medicine, focusing on continuity indoctor-patient relationships in inpatient care and thegrowing use of hospiralists, physicians who specializein the care of inpatients. His findings have beenapplied to improve inpatient care at the University ofChicago Medicine and at hospitals across the country,and his work has influenced U.S. health policy.Dr. Meltzer is an expert in improving the cost andquality of hospital care, and his work has beenrecognized by the Lee Lusted Prize of the Societyfor Medical Decision Making, the Health CareResearch Award of the National Institute for HealthCare Management, the Eugene Garfield Awardfrom Research America, the American Associationof Medical Colleges Learning Healthcare SystemAward, the John M. Eisenberg Excellence in Mentoring Award from the Agency for HealthcareResearch and Quality, and multiple awards from theSociety of General Internal Medicine and Society ofHospital Medicine.Dr. Meltzer attended the Laboratory Schools atthe University of Chicago and graduated summacum laude from Yale University. He returned tothe University of Chicago to earn an M.D. fromthe Pritzker School of Medicine and a Ph.D. inEconomics under the direction of Gary Becker.Dr. Meltzer completed his residency at Brighamand Women's Hospital in Boston and joined theUniversity of Chicago faculty in 1996.Dr. Meltzer is an elected fellow of the AmericanSociety for Clinical Investigation, a research associateof the National Bureau of Economic Research,a Master of the Society of Hospital Medicine, apast president of the Society for Medical DecisionMaking, and a former health economics advisor forthe Congressional Budget Office.MUSICAL INTERLUDEMY SPIRIT SANG ALL DAYComposed by Gerald FinziText by Robert BridgesThe University of Chicago Motet ChoirJames Kallembach, ConductorChristie AuyeungThomas J. BemenderferLara Ellen BernsteinMyung Jin ChaeFrancesco John DeMayoKevin M. Dodge Nicholas Coderre DoverDouglas Brisker GraebnerPaul Lee HuangJessica Rose KadishShuqi KangAmber Camille Anne Matthews Monica A. RubioDaniel Gordon SellonKiko WemmerSamuel Evan WigutowTHE AWARD OF HONORSAwarded General Honors with the Bachelor's Degree:THE CONFERRING OF ACADEMIC DEGREESCandidates for Degrees will be presented in alphabetical order by degree in the following academic units:In the College by ASSOCIATE DEAN MICHAEL STEINThe Student Marshal will be presented by UNIVERSITY MARSHAL CATHERINE C. BAUMANNIn the William B. and Catherine V. Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studiesby DEAN MARK R. NEMECIn the Division of the Biological Sciences and the Pritzker School of Medicineby DEAN KENNETH S. POLONSKYNames will be read by ASSOCIATE DEAN VICTORIA E. PRINCEIn the Division of the Humanities by ASSOCIATE DEAN THOMAS CHRISTENSENIn the Division of the Physical Sciences by DEAN EDWARD W KOLBIn the Division of the Social Sciences by DEPUTY DEAN DAIN BORGESIn the University of Chicago Booth School of Business by DEAN SUNIL KUMARNames will be read by ASSOCIATE DEAN GEORGE ANDREWSIn the Divinity School by DEAN MARGARET M. MITCHELLIn the Law School by DEAN OF STUDENTS AMY M. GARDNERIn the School of Social Service Administration by DEAN OF STUDENTS CELIA M. BERGMANCandidates not presented are receiving degrees in absentia.The President will lead the audience in acknowledging the candidates after each school's degrees are distributed.I. IN THE COLLEGEFor the Degree of Bachelor ofArts in the College:SILVIA ANNA LIVIA ANDERSON(Art History)CHRISTIE AUYEUNG(East Asian Languages and Civilizations)THOMAS J. BEMENDERFER(Public Policy Studies)LARA ELLEN BERNSTEIN(English Language and Literature)MAUREEN DENISE BRENNAN(Sociology)CHENGYOU CAl(Economics)MYUNG JIN CHAE(Economics)(Russian Studies) DEREK JOHN HATTEMER(Political Science)PAUL LEE HUANG(Political Science)JESSICA ROSE KADISH(Anthropology with Honors)SHUQI KANG(Biological Sciences)(Philosophy)JOO HYUN LEE(Political Science)AMBER CAMILLE ANNE MATTHEWS(Gender and Sexuality Studies with Honors)EDGAR QUINTANA(Sociology)DYLAN MICHAEL RODRIQUEZ(Biological Sciences)MONICA A. RUBIO(Comparative Human Development)DANIEL GORDON SELLON(Biological Sciences)(South Asian Languages and Civilizations)(Psychology)NAVID TEYMOURIAN(Philosophy)XTEHN WEYERHAEUSER BEHRINGERTITCOMB(Romance Languages and Literatures)(Economics)LEON CHALDRANIANGLENDA CHANG(Political Science)FANELE CHESTER(Romance Languages and Literatures)FELICIA CRESPO(Visual Arts)FRANCESCO JOHN DEMAYO(Biological Sciences)KEVIN M. DODGE(Physics)NICHOLAS CODERRE DOVER(Economics)DOUGLAS BRISKER GRAEBNER(Art History) SAMUEL EVAN WIGUTOW(Philosophy)II. THE STUDENT MARSHALFor the Degree of Bachelor ofArts in the College:KIKOWEMMER(International Studies with Honors)SOLKANGA.B., Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea, 1999B.P., ibid., 1999A.M, Michigan State University, 2002SUSAN O'BRIEN LYONSA.B., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 1988MB.A., ibid., 1993 KATHERINE ANNE SHERMAN-MARKSA.B., St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland, 2003III. IN THE WILLIAM B. AND CATHERINE V. GRAHAM SCHOOL OFCONTINUING LIBERAL AND PROFESSIONAL STUDIESFor the Degree ofMaster of Liberal Arts:For the Degree ofMaster ofArts in Teaching:AMY MARGARET BATESS.B., Northeastern University, 2010(Elementary Education)KATHLEEN CARTERA.B., Yale University, 2012(Elementary Education)EMILIE LYDIE CLARKA.B., University of Iowa, 2009(Elementary Education)MOLLY HARA COHENB.B.A., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2010(Elementary Education)SABA JOY COSTELLOA.B., University ofMinnesota-Twin Cities, 2001A.M, New York University, 2011(Elementary Education)MARCELLO ANDRE DELGADOS.B., University of Chicago, 2011(Mathematics)CARISSA DILLEYA.B., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2001(Elementary Education)PETER JOHN DZUBAY IIIA.B., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2006(Elementary Education)LAUREN ELIZABETH FISHA.B., University of Chicago, 2012(Elementary Education)ELENA PHELYSSE FLOREZS.B., Hampton University, 2012(Biology)JUSTIN WILLIAM FORNERISA.B., University of Chicago, 2012(Biology)DIANE D. GILLETTEB. G.S., University of Kansas, 2001M.F.A., Emerson College, 2005(Elementary Education)BIANCA JESENIA HERNANDEZA.B., University of Chicago, 2013(Elementary Education)AMALIA HERRERAA.B., Knox College, 2008(Biology)A'LIAH SELEIMEH HINESS.B., Kettering University, 1990S.M., University ofAkron, Main Campus, 1996Ph.D., ibid., 2001(Mathematics) LAUREN ASHLEY KLINES.B., College of Idaho, 2010(Biology)VESNA KORDICS.B., Northeastern Illinois University, 2009(Biology)CLAUDIO MARTINEZA.B., University of Chicago, 2013(Elementary Education)RICHARD NETTLESA.B., University of Illinois at Chicago, 2011(Elementary Education)MATTHEW AMERICO NOTARBERARDINOA.B., University of Chicago, 2013(Mathematics)ANNAJ. O. PETERSENA.B., Luther College, 2005(Elementary Education)JORDAN MARIE REECEA.B., University of Chicago, 2012(Elementary Education)VIRG INIA ROACHA.B., Dartmouth College, 2012(Mathematics)ANDRE SCOTTA.B., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2011(Elementary Education)AMANDA SNEEDA.B., College of St. Scholastica, 2009(Elementary Education)AMANDA LEE SNOWS.B., Loyola University of Chicago, 2005(Biology)PAMELA LYNN SPANNA.B., Dartmouth College, 1996jD., DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, 2000(Elementary Education)JOHNAE ALYSE STRONGA.B., University of Chicago, 2012(Elementary Education)AARON DARCEL TALLEYA.B., University of Chicago, 2013(Elementary Education)LISA RENEE VAUGHNA.B., University of Chicago, 2011(Elementary Education)REBECCA DAWN ZISOOKB.F.A., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2009((Elementary Education))IV. IN THE DIVISION OF THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES ANDTHE PRITZKER SCHOOL OF MEDICINEFor the Degree ofMaster of Science:LOUESAAKINS.B., Centre College, 2012(Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)MISHA AURELIA BLIZARDS.B., University of Texas at Austin, 2011(Ecology and Evolution)AUTUMN DAVIDSONA.B., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 2000M.D., Brown University, 2008(Health Studies)JARED ASHER GREENBERGA.B., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 2004MD., Northwestern University, 2008(Health Studies) MELISSA HOROSCHAK LEMIEUXS.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002M.D., Stanford University, 2009(Health Studies)CHENGSHI SHIUS.B., National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2004MS. W, University of Washington, Seattle, 2007Ph.D., University of Chicago, 2013(Health Studies)ELISABETH JOAN WOODHAMSS.B., Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, 2003MD., University ofArizona, 2007(Health Studies)For the Degree of Doctor ofPhilosophy:DAVID RANDALL BLAIRS.B., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2008(Genetics)DISSERTATION: Investigating Complex and Mendelian DiseaseGenetics through Massive Digital PhenotypingKATHERINE CLAIRE BROOKSA.B., University of Chicago, 2004S.M, ibid., 2010(Evolutionary Biology)DISSERTATION: Sociality in Belding's Ground Squirrels(Urocirellus beldingi): Evolutionary History, BehavioralConsequences and Proximate MechanismsTIFFANY MARIE CARRS.B., University of Texas at El Paso, 2003(Immunology)DISSERTATION: Analysis of the Contributions of LEF1 to T CellLymphomagenesis and iNKT Cell DevelopmentKACY LYNN GORDONA.B., Dartmouth College, 2006S.M, University of Chicago, 2012(Organismal Biology and Anatomy)DISSERTATION: Cis-Regulation in Nematodes: InferringComplex Relationships between Sequence and FunctionalEvolutioniMGE HDLDRA.B., University of Chicago, 2007(Genetics)DISSERTATION: Integrating Genes, Function and Phenotype toDissect the Genetic Architecture of Complex DiseasesEKATERINA KHRAMTSOVAS.B., University of Illinois at Chicago, 2010S.M, University of Chicago, 2013(Pathology)DISSERTATION: The Role of Claudin-2 and Its Regulation in theDevelopment of Intestinal InflammationJESSICA LYNN KORANDAS.B., Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, 2005(Neurobiology)DISSERTATION: Nicotinic Modulation ofAberrant MotorLearning: Implications for Nicotine's Protective Effect AgainstParkinson's DiseaseSEAN AUSTIN ONG LIMA.B., Northwestern University, 2007(Neurobiology)DISSERTATION: Striatal Cholinergic Interneuron Physiology QIANYING LIUS.B., Peking University, Beijing, China, 2009(Health Studies)DISSERTATION: Gene-Based Analyses in Association Studies:From Testingfor Gene-Environment Interactions to PopulationStratification AdjustmentCRYSTAL ELIZABETH LOVEA.B., University of Colorado at Boulder, 2005(Developmental Biology)DISSERTATION: Neuronal Organization and Development in theZebrafish HindbrainJOANNA L. MANDECKIA.B., Princeton University, 2007S.M, University of Chicago, 2012(Organismal Biology and Anatomy)DISSERTATION: Coordination of Functional Systems: EyeMovement Behavior during Pectoral Fin Locomotion in FishesCHRISTOPHER GERTH MEYERS.B., Middle Tennessee State University, 2004S.M., University of Southern California, 2007S.M, University of Chicago, 2012(Ecology and Evo[ution)DISSERTATION: The Genetics, Biogeography, and LocalAdaptation of Intraspecific Variation in Defense Traits ofArabidopsis thalianaERIN ELIZABETH MULLARKEYS.B., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005(Neurobiology)DISSERTATION: FGF8 and the Developing Olfactory SystemMATTHEW PAUL NELSENS.B., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2000S.M, ibid, 2005(Evolutionary Biology)DISSERTATION: The Origins and Diversification of LichenSymbiosesGEORGE ALFRED PERDRIZET IIS.B., Roger Williams University, 2008(Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)DISSERTATION: Control of Translation Initiation by MessengerRNA Sequence and StructureJOSEPH MICHAEL PICKARDS.B., University of Washington, Seattle, 2005(Immunology)DISSERTATION: Inducible Fucosylation of the Mouse SmallIntestine Sustains Host-Commensal SymbiosisWILFREDO ROSARIO5.B., University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Campus, 1998S.M, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001(Neurobiology)DISSERTATION: Central Control ofEndocrine Pancreas PhysiologyAARON ZVI SAVITA.B., Earlham College, 2007S.M, University of Chicago, 2014(Evolutionary Biology)DISSERTATION: Patterns of Tropical Diversification: IntraspecificPhylogeography in Tangara Tanagers PAUL ANTHONY VOLDEN5.B., Montana State University, 2007(Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition)DISSERTATION: Social Stress Is Associated with AlteredMammary Adipocyte Metabolism in a Model of TripleNegative Breast CancerV. IN THE DIVISION OF THE HUMANITIESFor the Degree ofMaster ofArts:MARY ELLEN BUCKA.B., The Master's College, Newhall, California, 2007M.A. T., western Governors University, 2009(Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations)THOMAS EVNENA.B., Swarthmore College, 2007(Philosophy)ABHISHEK GHOSHA.B., University of Calcutta, India, 2004MSt., University of Oxford, England, United Kingdom, 2006(South Asian Languages and Civilizations)SAMUEL LEE HARRISA.B., Harvard University, 2005A.M., Georgetown University, 2008(Near Eastern Languages ana Civilizations)SEAN TIMOTHY HUTCHISONA.B., University ofMinnesota-Twin Cities, 2006(English Language and Literature)BRONWYN SIOBHAN KOEHLA.B., University of Pennsylvania, 2012(Slavic Languages and Literatures)PANAGIOTIS KOUTSOURISPtycbion, University of Ioannina, Greece, 2008(Master ofArts Program in the Humanities) CONNIEJIA LUA.B., University of Chicago, 2014(Master ofArts Program in the Humanities)ZDENKO MANDUSICA.B., University of Illinois at Chicago, 2006(Slavic Languages and Literatures and Cinema and MediaStudies)STEPHANIE MARIA OEHRLEINA.B., University of Chicago, 2014(Master ofArts Program in the Humanities)DAVID ALLISON ORSBONA.B., Davidson College, 2009A.M, University of Chicago, 2012(Comparative Literature)JAMES PALMEREA.B., Seattle University, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Humanities)JOEL ANDRE RICHMONDA.B., Bard College, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Humanities)ANDREW KIRK SUSONGA.B., Washington and Lee University, 1996jD., University of Virginia, 1999(Master ofArts Program in the Humanities)For the Degree ofDoctor ofPhilosophy:CORINNE BAYERLMag., Ludioig-Maximillians-Unioersitdt Muncben, Munich,Germany, 1996(Romance Languages and Literatures)DISSERTATION: Moral Philosophy and Pedagogy in the Work ofPierre NicoleMAX LOWELL BOHNENKAMPA.B., Oberlin College, 1997A.M., Ohio State University, Columbus, 2000(East Asian Languages and Civilizations)DISSERTATION: Turning Ghosts Into People: The White-HairedGirl, Revolutionary Folklorism and the Politics ofAesthetics inModern ChinaABHISHEK GHOSHA.B., University of Calcutta, India, 2004M.St., University of Oxford, England, United Kingdom, 2006A.M, University of Chicago, 2014(South Asian Languages and Civilizations)DISSERTATION: vaisnauism and the west: A Study of KedarnathDatta Bhaktivinod's Encounter and Response, 1869-1909 KAVEH HEMMATA.B., University of Chicago, 2001A.M, ibid., 2006(Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations)DISSERTATION: A Chinese System for an Ottoman State: TheFrontier, the Millennium, and Ming Bureaucracy in Khatayi'sBook of ChinaHAITHAM IBRAHIMA.B., University ofJordan, Amman, 1996A.M, University of Chicago, 1999(Comparative Literature)DISSERTATION: WOrlds Unbound: Cybernetics and theArabesqueDANIEL ANDREW JASINSKIB.Mus., Christopher Newport College, 2000A.M., University of Iowa, 2004(Music)DISSERTATION: Telesma, for Chamber OrchestraPETER KLECHAA.B., Michigan State University, 2007(Linguistics)DISSERTATION: Bridging the Divide: Scalarity and ModalityRACHELLEHRA.B., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 1911(Linguistics)DISSERTATION: A Descriptive Grammar 0/ Pashai: TheLanguage and Speech Community 0/ Darrai NurMEGAN SARAH NUTZMANA.B., Hillsdale College, 1999M T.s., Hellenic College, Holy Cross Greek Orthodox TheologicalSchool, 2003M Th., ibid., 2005A.M, University 0/ Chicago, 2008(Classics: Ancient Mediterranean World)DISSERTATION: A Hotbed 0/ Healing: Ritual Cures in Romanand Late Antique Syria-PalestineJENNIFER JOHNSON ROTHSCHILDA.B., Grinnell College, 1999A.M, University of Chicago, 2004(Philosophy)DISSERTATION: Striving to Be Better: Incomplete Character andthe Unity 0/ the Virtues MATTHEW DAVID SABAA.B., University 0/ Chicago, 2006A.M, ibid., 2008(Art History)DISSERTATION: Impermanent Monument, Lasting Impression:The Abbasid Dar al-Kbiiafa Palace of SamarraMICHAEL SAVITZA.B., Loyola University o/Chicago, 1991MFA., University 0/ Iowa, 2000(English Language and Literature)DISSERTATION: Anxiety in Whitman's 1855 Leaves of GrassJOSHUA F. SCHWARTZA.B., Ithaca College, 2002A.M, University o/Chicago, 2013(Philosophy)DISSERTATION: Quine, Disquotation, and TruthADRIENNE MELISSA SEELYA.B., University o/Chicago, 2001(Cinema and Media Studies)DISSERTATION: Continuous Resonance: Early 1910s FilmAurality and the Technics 0/ BecomingVI. IN THE DIVISION OF THE PHYSICAL SCIENCESFor the Degree ofMaster of Science:PAUL JOSEPH APISAS.B., Ohio State University, Columbus, 2012(Mathematics)OMOBOLA ABIKE BABARINSAS.B., Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 2010jD., University of Chicago, 2013(Computer Science)PRATEEK SINGH BAJAJA.B., Johns Hopkins University, 2013(Master 0/ Science Program in the Physical Sciences)BRADFORD DEAN BOONSTRAA.B., University o/Chicago, 2013(Master of Science Program in the Physical Sciences)MICHAEL DAVID BOROSHA.B., Washington University in St. Louis, 2006(Computer Science)CLARK WILMER BUTLER IIIS.B., Ohio State University, Columbus, 2012(Mathematics)SHAN CAOB. Comp., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore,Singapore, 2012(Financial Mathematics)WEI CHAIS.B., Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2012(Mathematics)SHT IPENC Ct-U!;N5.B.) "[,gftji'� �)fli6e, .iSJI China 2012�4.;N8r f}fS6.iglfJ�i Pwgmm in the Pbyrjcal S'rienw;)HILLARY LYN CHILDA.B., Kenyon College, 2013(Physics)MATTHEW JOHN CRUGERS.B., Marquette University, 2001(Computer Science)WUSHI DONGB.NS., University of Science and Technology of China, Hefti,Anhui,2013(Physics)SIMON FREEDMANS.B., Illinois Institute o/Technology, 2011(Physics) ANGELO RICHARD GASC6NA.B., City University of Neto York, 2013(Computer Science)TAMARYN JANE HINEBach., University of Pretoria, South Africa, 2012(Statistics)MARIE ELIZEBETH HOERNERA.B., Colorado College, 2009(Geophysical Sciences)GERWIN KOOLSTRAB.Sc., Technische Universiteit Delft, The Netherlands, 2010MSc., ibid, 2013(Physics)MAXFIELD STEMPLE LEWINA.B., Vassar College, 2011(Computer Science)YANG LIS.B., Ohio State University, Columbus, 2013(Master 0/ Science Program in the Physical Sciences)YUZHOULIS.B., Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 2012(Computer Science)XFNGCI lEN LIl:J$.B., Nanjing bmversziji, China, 2(H3ilx1.,uur af$eimec 1�'fJ!:''If'" ,j'3 the �ical S�.imen!JEFFREY MANNINGS.B., California Institute of Technology; 2012(Mathematics)AARON JEREMY MOWITZS.B., Brandeis University, 2012(Physics)LUKE ANDREW PEELERS.B., University o/Chicago, 2014(Computer Science)NATHAN ALEXANDER SCHINEA.B., Williams College, 2013(Physics)HUAYANG SONGS.B., Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2013(Master of Science Program in the Physical Sciences)DANIEL JOHN STANKIEWICZS.B., University ofMassachusetts at Amherst, 2011(Computer Science)YISHUWANGS.B., Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2013(Physics)YACHENXIES.B., Nanjing University, China, 2011(Statistics)LINJUN XUS.B., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2011(Computer Science) XI AN XUS.B., Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2012(Statistics)XINING ZHANGS.B., University of Science and Technology of China, Hefti,Anhui,2012(Master of Science Program in the Physical Sciences)ZILONG ZHOUS.B., Purdue University, west Lafayette, Indiana, 2013(Computer Science)For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy:ERIC JONES BAXTERS.B., Harvey Mudd College, 2008(Astronomy and Astrophysics)DISSERTATION: Detecting Gravitational Leming of the CosmicMicrowave Background by Galaxy ClustersMATTHEW DAVID BRYNTESONS.B., Rockford College, 2009S.M., University of Chicago, 2010(Chemistry)DISSERTATION: Characterizing the Vibrational EnergyDistributions, Angular Momenta, and SubsequentDissociation Dynamics of Photolytically Generated RadicalsTANKUT UZAY CANA.B., University of California, Berkeley, 2008(Physics)DISSERTATION: Fractional Quantum Hall Effict in a CurvedSpaceZOyA CIIEGLAKOVESc j TltbiCw fjmvemty ofJerusatem, iSraet, 21J(J6.M.Sc., ibid., 2€JtJf)fChtmimy)DI��:;��:ti�:�:ii:�!: :/j¥::�{:�:D!;��;:r,:�CHRISTOPHER FOXS.B., Harvey Mudd College, 2009(Statistics)DISSERTATION: Interpretation and Inference of Linear StructuralEquation ModelsTOANHUYNHS.B., University of Houston-University Park, 2007S.M., University of Chicago, 2008(Chemistry)DISSERTATION: The Biology and Physics of Insulin GranuleTransport, and Digital Chemistry for DiagnosticsQUANJIANG JIS.B., Nanjing University, China, 2009S.M., University of Chicago, 2010(Chemistry)DISSERTATION: Exploration of Novel Small-Molecule SignalingPathways in Staphylococcus aureusDUO JIANGS.B., Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2009(Statistics)DISSERTATION: Statistical Methods (or Genetic AssociationAnalysis in Samples with Relater!Individuals and PopulationStructureGABRIEL LEEB.Sc.(Hons), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada,2007s.M., University of Chicago, 2008(Physics)DISSERTATION: Applications ofEffictive Field Theory to theHiggs Mass Problem and the Proton Radius Puzzle JESSICA CATHERINE LINA.B., New York University, 2009S.M., University of Chicago, 2011(Mathematics)DISSERTATION: On the Stochastic Homogenization for FullyNonlinear Uniformly Parabolic Equations in StationaryErgodic Spatio- Temporal MediaNAN LIUB. Eng. , University of Science and Technology of China, Hefti,Anhui,2009(Geophysical Sciences)DISSERTATION: Isotopic Compositions ofs-Process Elements inAcid-Cleaned Mainstream Presolar Silicon CarbideSAMUEL ROSS MEEHANS.B., University of New Hampshire, 2009S.M., University of Chicago, 2010(Physics)DISSERTATION: A Search for Resonant Production ofZZ/ZWPairs in the Semi-leptonic llqq Final State in Proton-ProtonCollisions at --Js= 8 TeV with the ATLAS DetectorMARC ZACHARY MISKINS.B., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2009(Physics)DISSERTATION: The Automated Design ofMaterials Far FromEquilibriumKENLEY MARCH BARRETT PELZERA.B., Northwestern University, 2004s.M., University of Chicago, 2010(Chemistry)DISSERTATION: Quantum Biology: Elucidating DesignPrinciples from PhotosynthesisQUAN TRAN PHAMB.Eng., University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia,2005S.M., University of Chicago, 2011(Computer Science)DISSERTATION: A Framework for Reproducible ComputationalResearchRAMAN ANAND SHAHS.B., California Institute of Technology, 2006SiM; University of Chicago, 2009(Chemistry)DISSERTATION: Orientational and Quantum Plasmonic Effictsin the Optics ofMetal NanoparticlesKIN I SIOS.B., University of California, Los Angeles, 2008(Geophysical Sciences)DISSERTATION: Cooling and Crystallization Histories ofMagmatic Bodies from In-situ Mg-Fe Isotopic Analyses inZoned OlivinesMIKHAIL PIL SOLONS.B., University of the Philippines, Diliman, 2009s.M., University of Chicago, 2010(Physics)DISSERTATION: Heavy WIMP Effictive Theory: Formalism andApplication for Scattering on Nucleon TargetsCHARLES EDGAR STAATS IIIS.B., Duke University, 2008S.M., University of Chicago, 2010(Mathematics)DISSERTATION: Rational Curves on Universal HypersurfacesYAN ZHANGS.B., California Institute of Technology, 2008S.M., University of Chicago, 2012(Mathematics)DISSERTATION: Asymptotic Behavior of Nonlocal KPP Equations SHENG ZHONGB.Sc. (Hons), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2007s.M., University of Chicago, 2011(Statistics)DISSERTATION: Mixed-Model Methods for Genome- WideAssociation Analysis with Binary TraitsVII. IN THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCESFor the Degree ofMaster ofArts:CECILIA BUSCHARDT ACKERMANA.B., University of Vermont and State Agricultural College, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)YANDY ALCALAA.B., University of Chicago, 2014(International Relations)HARRO FRANCISCO ALFARO CYRANKAA.B., Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de janeiro, Brazil,2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ANJALI ANANDA.B., Amherst College, 2011(Political Science)DAVID AFTAB ANSARIA.B., University ofMinnesota- Twin Cities, 2007M.Sc., University of London, England, United Kingdom, 2010(Comparative Human Development)SARA JEANNE MARIE ARNOLDS.B., University of Texas at Dallas, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)EVELYN HARPER ATKINSONA.B., Sarah Lawrence College, 2006jD., Harvard University, 2012(History)ZAYADIFZALBANGASHA.B., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MARIEL JANE BARNESB.A. (Hons), University of New South Wales, Kensington,Australia, 2011(International Relations)VEDRAN BEOGRADLIJAB.L.A., DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)JEFFREY CARL BERGLUNDA.B., Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 2012(International Relations)MARINA ROSE BESTS.B., Indiana University Bloomington, 2011(International Relations)SAMANTHA LYNNE BIERSDORFA.B., Loyola University of Chicago, 2012(Middle Eastern Studies)ISADORA BORGES MONROYS.B., Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City,2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MANUEL ANTONIO CABAL L6PEZLic., Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico, Mexico City,2011(Political Science)LOUISA ELISABETH CAINESA.B., University of Cambridge, England, United Kingdom, 2013(International Relations) MARIAH S. CALLIS GOODWINA.B., Western Kentucky University, 2013(International Relations)ANDREW JOHN CARRA.B., Wesleyan University, 2008(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)XIN CHENA.B., Beijing Foreign Studies University, China, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)BENJAMIN SHERMAN CHESHERS.B., University ofIllinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ERIN SUSAN CIKANEKA.B., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2007A.M., Northwestern University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ARI DANIEL CONTERATOA.B., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)RICHARD SCOTT COOLEYB.Econ., Illinois State University, 1990si«, ibid., 1995(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ROBERT JAMES CORRA.B, Montclair State University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ANN COURTERA.B., University of Iowa, 1976jD., Yale University, 1981(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MYLES LAWLESS DAUTERIVEA.B., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ZACHARY DEGEORGEB.F.A., Pennsylvania State University, 2004(International Relations)ABIGAIL DURNETTA.B., University of Tennessee at Knoxville, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ERIN EIFEA.B., Fairfield University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)JOSHUA RON EMENEGERA.B., University of Texas at Austin, 2011(International Relations)JOSHUA JAMES ERBA.B., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CARL TOSEPH ERICKSONA.B., Grinnell College, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)INGRID ELfsABET FEENEYA.B., City University ofNew York, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)DANIELLE JOSSELYN FLAMA.B., Reed College, 2004A.M., University of Chicago, 2006(Anthropology)LIWUGANA.B., Willamette University, 2012(International Relations)JILL GANDHIA.B., University of Texas at Austin, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)TAYLOR CHRISTOPHER GILLINGSA.B., Arizona State University, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CAITLIN ROSE GLIMCOA.B., University of Notre Dame, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)SONIA CHRISTINA GOMEZA.B., University of California, Berkeley, 2011(History)CARIN ESTELLE GRAVESA.B., Indiana University Bloomington, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)IMRI GRINBERGA.B., New York University, 2013(History)JENNIFER GRZECHA.B., University of Kentucky, 2011(International Relations)SAUMYA GUPTAB. Tecb., Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information andCommunication Technology, Gandhinagar, India, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)LINDSAY MARIE HARTLEYA.B., Skidmore College, 2011(International Relations)ELIZABETH HEBERTA.B., University of Oregon, 2009A.M., ibid., 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)SUSANNAH HUFSTADERA.B., Colby College, 2012(History)CONSTANZA NOELLE IRIBARNE BRIEVAA.B., University of Rochester, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)KAITLYN MICHELLE JAFFEA.B., University of South Carolina-Columbia, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)INHAEJANGB.B.A., Ewha Womam University, Seoul, South Korea, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ERIN JARNAGINA.B., University of Wyoming, 2013(International Relations)ALEXANDER SLATER JOHNSONA.B., University of Oregon, 2010(Latin American and Caribbean Studies)TREVOR DAVID JOHNSONA.B., University ofMississippi, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)JARED SPENCER KANEA.B., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2011(International Relations)KEVIN ROBERT KILEYA.B., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ADOREE T. KIMA.B., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences) KI JIN KIM5.B., Haverford College, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)NICHOLAS LYLE KOERNERA.B., University ofWisconsin-Eau Claire, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)JAMES JACOB KENNETH KOLKEMAA.B., Michigan State University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)HIROKI KOTABEA.B., Temple University, 2008(Psychology)CARL ERNEST KUBLERA.B., Yale University, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CHARU R. KULKARNIA.B., Carleton College, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)KATHERINE ELDRIDGE LANGLEYA.B., University ofArkamas at Fayetteville, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)NICOLE LARKINA.B., Utah State University, 1998(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)THOMAS LEAVITTA.B., DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana, 2009(International Relations)CHUNGJAE LEEA.B., Waseda University, Tokyo, japan, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)EUIYOUNG LEEA.B., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 2012(International Relations)SENG LEEA.B., University of Virginia, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ALEXANDROS FRIXOS LETSASA.B., Boston University, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ALEXANDRA MARISSA LEVINA.B., Geor,te Washington University, 2010(Master of Arts Program in the Social Sciences)JIARONG LIA.B., Allegheny College, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)FELICE T. LINGA.B., Amherst College, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ELISABETH MARIE LONGA.B., University of Colorado at Boulder, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MARK LUSHA.B., Oberlin College, 1998(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MADISON JONE LYLEROEHRA.B., Brandeis University, 2009(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MARIKO ELIZABETH LYTELLS.B., University of Virginia, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ODEDMAROMA.B., Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel, 2005Dipl., ibid., 2007A.M., ibid., 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)EMILY MASGHATIA.B., Vanderbilt University, 2012(History)CHRISTINA DANIELLE MASTROIANNIA.B., University of California, Irvine, 2013(International Relations)LEE JAMES MAYA.B., Michigan State University, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)SIMON JAMES MAYA.B., National University ofIreland/Ollscoil na hEireann,Maynootb, Ireland, 2000A.M, University of Chicago, 2002(Anthropology)JOHN GRAY McGRAWA.B., University of Florida, 2011(International Relations)AMBER ALI CIA McKENZIEA.B., Hamline University, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ANDREW S. MILLERA.B., Lewis and Clark College, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CATHERINE MILDRED McALISTERMILLERA.B., Sarah Lawrence College, 2008(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CHRISTOPHER HEZEL MOOREA.B., St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)JOHN THOMAS MOUNTJOYA.B., Whitman College, Walla Walla, Washington, 2009(Economics)DANIEL PAUL NELSONA.B., Harvard University, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MATTHEW EDWARD NESTLERA.B., Wesleyan University, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ROBERT BRETT NICHOLSONA.B., University of London, England, United Kingdom, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)KATHLEEN GRACE O'CONNORA.B., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 1991(Middle Eastern Studies)JEFFREY DAVID OLENICKA.B., Michigan State University, 20135.B., ibid., 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CLAYTON OPPENHUIZENA.B., Bowling Green State University, 2013(Latin American and Caribbean Studies)ANDREW OLDROYD PACEA.B., University of Utah, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)DAEUNPARKB.Ed., Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea, 2007A.M, Columbia University, New York City, New York, 2009(Psychology)BRYAN SCOTT PECKHAMA.B., Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 2012(International Relations)MICHAEL A. PERINOA.B., Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NewBrunswick, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ADAM RABINA.B., Lafayette College, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)EMILY JANINE RAP5.B., Arizona State University, 2005j.o, University Of Pennsylvania, 2008(History) ANNE-SOPHIE REICHERTA.B., Freie Uniuersitdt Berlin, Germany, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)KAHLEEN LOUISE RIOJASA.B., University of Notre Dame, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ALLISON LOUISE WIGFALL ROBINSONA.B., Yale University, 2011(History)LOURDES VANESSA RODRIGUEZA.B., University of California, Riverside, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CONNOR RANDALL ROSSA.B., Princeton University, 2007(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)AXEL RUDIA.B., Universitetet i Oslo, Norway, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)GWENDOLYN JOAN RUGGA.B., University of Notre Dame, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)SYLVIA ELZBIETA RUSINA.B., Illinois Wesleyan University, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ZOYASAMEENB.A. (Hons), University of London, England, United Kingdom,2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)TIMOTHY MICHAEL SAWYIERBiMus., Curtis Institute ofMusic, 2008(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)JOHN RICHARD SCHNEIDERA.B., Saint Mary's College of California, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MELISSA ANNE SCOTTA.B., Haverford College, 2008MEd., University of Cincinnati, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)LINDZI LEEANN SHANKSA.B., Texas Tech University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ISHANI SHARMAA.B., Rutgers, The State University ofNew Jersey, NewBrunswick,2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)HUGH SILLITOEA.B., University of Cambridge, England, United Kingdom, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CONNOR STANGLERA.B., Truman State University, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ANDREW STARCKS.B., Embry Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona,2009A.B., Northern Illinois University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ALEXANDER GEORGE STEELEA.B., Vassar College, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ARI STILLMANA.B., University of Rochester, 2008A.M., Vanderbilt University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)BRYAN FRANCIS STILLMANA.B., Lycoming College, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)DAVID THOMAS SUELLS.B., Belmont College, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)MEDHA SURAMPUDYA.B., North Carolina State University at Raleigh, 2012(International Relations)JOSHUA RICHARD TATROA.B., Knox College, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)AMELIA CAITLYN THIBAULTA.B., University of Nevada, Reno, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)BRIAN THORNA.B., University ofNew Hampshire, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)YAQITONGA.B., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2013(International Relations)ELIZABETH HAZEL TRUDEAUA.B., Taylor University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)GRACE TURKE5.B., Geortetown University, 2010(Master of Arts Program in the Social Sciences)ANNEKA VAN SCOYOCA.B., Queens College, Charlotte, North Carolina, 2012(International Relations)ILANA MIJAL VENTURAA.B., Amherst College, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)RAMON WIGBERTO VIERAA.B., Northeastern Illinois University, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)HAVUA.B., Duke University, 2013(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)NICHOLAS GEORGE WALKERA.B., Cedarville University, 2006MDiv., Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, Deerfield, Illinois,2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences) TIANNIWANGA.B., University of Chicago, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)CLAYTON WEIMERSA.B., Pitzer College, 2012(International Relations)MADLYN WENDELLA.B., Temple University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)KRISTINA ANN WILLIAMSA.B., State University ofNew York at Binghamton, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)HANNAH ALYSSA WITTMEYERA.B., College of Saint Benedict, 2012(International Relations)THOMAS WORTH5.B., Portland State University, Oregon, 2013(International Relations)GLORIA YENB.Mus., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2011(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)KEITH J. YODERS.B., Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 2009A.M, University of Chicago, 2011(Psychology)TAMAR LEG RANGE ZEILBERGERA.B., New School University, 2010(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)JENNIFER ABBEY ZELNICKA.B., Haverford College, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)ZACHARY ALAN ZUNDELA.B., Brigham Young University, 2012(Master ofArts Program in the Social Sciences)For the Degree ofDoctor of Philosophy:M. ENGHIN ATALAYA.B., University of California, Berkeley, 2006(Economics)DISSERTATION: Essays in MacroeconomicsLESLIE EMIL BELDO, JR.S.B., Central Michi_$an University, 2003A.M, University of Chicago, 2008(Comparative Human Development)DISSERTATION: Logics of Sacrifice: An Ethnography of theMakah Whaling ConflictNEON BLUE BROOKSA.B., Wellesley College, 2008A.M, University of Chicago, 2011(Psychology)DISSERTATION: Movements for Doing, Thinking, and Speaking:The Relationship Between Motor Experience and Gesture inNovice Mental Abacus UsersJULIETTE MATHILDE CAMINADELic., Uniuersite Paris I (Pantheon-Sorbonne), France, 2007M.Econ., Ecoles des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris,France, 2009A.M, University of Chicago, 2011(Economics)DISSERTATION: Essays in Industrial Organization LAUREN NICOLE COYLEA.B., Ohio University, Athens, 2005S.B., ibid., 2005jD., Harvard University, 2008A.M, University of Chicago, 2011(Anthropology)DISSERTATION: Sovereigns of the Golden Twilight: Law, Land,and Sacrificial Labor in GhanaJAN DOERINGDipl., Uniuersitdt Bielefeld, Germany, 2008A.M., University of Chicago, 2010(Sociology)DISSERTATION: All in This Together? Crime, Race, andCommunity in Multiracial NeighborhoodsGORDON CHARLES CALDER DOUGLASA.B., University of Southern California, 2003A.M, ibid., 2005M Sc., University of London, England, United Kingdom, 2005A.M, University of Chicago, 2008(Sociology)DISSERTATION: D.I. Y. Urban Design: Inequality, Privilege, andCreative Transgression in the Help- Yourself CityTORSTEN KITADA EDSTAMA.B., University o/Washington, Seattle, 2001A.B., ibid., 2001A.M., University o/Chicago, 2008(History)DISSERTATION: From Twelfth-Century Renaissance to Fifteenth­Century Reform: The Reception 0/ Hugh 0/ St. Victor in theLater Middle AgesFALINA ENRIQUEZA.B., University 0/Arizona, 2006A.M., University 0/ Chicago, 2008(Anthropology)DISSERTATION: Composing Cultura: Musical Democracy andMulticulturalism in Recife, BrazilDONALD EDWARD FREDERICKA.B., Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, 2005A.M., University o/Chicago, 2008s.i«. ibid; 2012(Psychology)DISSERTATION: Olfactory System Dynamics: The Role o/Tasksand OscillationsGREGORY S. FREEMAN(Social Thought)DISSERTATION: Rousseau's Natural Man: Emile and PoliticsEUGENE GERZHOYS.B., Georgetown University, 2001A.M., University o/Chicago, 2009(Political Science)DISSERTATION: Coercive Nonproliferation: Security, Leverage,and Nuclear ReversalsAMANDA LEE HARTZMARKA.B., University 0/ Notre Dame, 2004A.M., University 0/ Chicago, 2006(History)DISSERTATION: Businesses, Associations, and Regions in theBrazilian Sugar Industry, 1920-1990KRISTY LYNN IRONSIDEA.B., University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada,2005A.M., ibid., 2001(History)DISSERTATION: The Value 0/ a Ruble: A Social History 0/Money in Postwar Soviet Russia, 1945-1964KOUSLAA TUNEE KESSLER-MATAA.B., San Francisco State University, 2000A.M., University of Chicago, 2003(Political Science)DISSERTATION: A Constitutive Theory of Tribal Sovereignty: ThePossibilities 0/ FederalismJULIA LOUISE KOWALSKIA.B., University of Chicago, 2005A.M., ibid., 2009(Comparative Human Development)DISSERTATION: Claiming Care: Family Counseling andWomen's Rights in Northwestern IndiaMICHAEL ALEXANDER KOZAKOWSKIS.B., Georgetown University, 2005A.M., University o/Chicago, 2008(History)DISSERTATION: From the Mediterranean to Europe: Migrants,the World o/Work, and the Transformation 0/ the FrenchMediterranean, 1945-1914ERIN DANA LEIBA.B., Harvard University, 2001A.M., University of Chicago, 2009(Social Thought)DISSERTATION: God in the Years o/Fury: Theodicy and Anti­Theodicy in the Holocaust Writings of Rabbi KalonymusKalman ShapiraMARY THERESA FRANCES LEIGHTONA.B., University o/Cambridge, England, United Kingdom, 2003A.M., University o/Chicago, 2001(Anthropology)DISSERTATION: Uneven Fields: Transnational Expertise and thePractice 0/Andean Archaeology SARAH ABIGAIL LEVINE­GRONNINGSATERA.B., Harvard University, 2003M.St., University o/Oxford, England, United Kingdom, 2004A.M., University of Chicago, 2008(History)DISSERTATION: Delivering Freedom: Gradual Emancipation,Black Legal Culture, and the Origins 0/ Sectional Crisis inNew York, 1159-1810SARAH LYNN STEWART MAKELAA.B., University 0/Michigan-Ann Arbor, 1995A.M., University o/Chicago, 2001(Sociology)DISSERTATION: The Challenges 0/ Parent Involvement in aDiverse Parent Organization LandscapeLARISA RANA MASRIS.B., University of Tulsa, 1993A.M., University 0/Arkansas, Fayettuille, 1998A.M., University o/Chicago, 2002(History)DISSERTATION: The Rituals 0/ Empire: Religion and Diplomacyin Republican RomeSIMON JAMES MAY,A.B., National University of Ireland/Ollscoil na hEireann,Maynooth, Ireland, 2000A.M., University of Chicago, 2002A.M., ibid., 2014(Anthropology)DISSERTATION: A Fighting People? Fijian Service in the BritishArmy and the Production 0/ Race and NationMONICA LYNN MERCADOA.B., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 2001A.M., University o/Chicago, 2006(History)DISSERTATION: Women and the Word: Gender, Print, andCatholic Identity in Nineteenth-Century AmericaSEONG HYEOK MOONA.B., Seoul National University, South Korea, 1999A.M., ibid., 2001A.M., University of Chicago, 2004(Economics)DISSERTATION: Essays on Human DevelopmentCELESTE DAY MOOREA.B., Haverford College, 2003A.M., University of Chicago, 2001(History)DISSERTATION: Race in Translation: Producing, Performing,and Selling African-American Music in Greater France,1944-14ZOE NYSSAB.Sc., University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada,2003A.M., University 0/Minnesota- Twin Cities, 2001(Conceptual and Historical Studies of Science)DISSERTATION: Endangered Logics: Conservation Science in theAmerican AcademyDAEUNPARKB.Ed., Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea, 2001A.M., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 2009A.M., University of Chicago, 2014(Psychology)DISSERTATION: Motivational Frameworks among Children inEarly Elementary SchoolEMILY ANN REMUSA.B., Swarthmore College, 2006A.M., University of Chicag», 2001(History)DISSERTATION: The Making 0/ the Consumer City: Gender,Space, and Class in Chicago, 1811-1914TE6FILO LENNIN REYESA.B., University 0/Michigan-Ann Arbor, 1996A.M., University of Chicago, 2008(Comparative Human Development)DISSERTATION: From Oxytocin to Altruism: A Neurobiology 0/Parental Love as a Mechanism for Allocooperation in HumansCLAUDIA SANDOVALA.B., University of California, Los Angeles, 2006A.M, University of Chicago, 2008(Political Science)DISSERTATION: Conjuring Immigrant Racial Threat Narratives:Using Citizenship Status to Shape Black-Latina Relations inU.S. PoliticsJOSHUA SANDS SELLERSA.B., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2001A.M, University of Chicago, 2005JD., ibid., 2008(Political Science)DISSERTATION: The "Crown Jewel" at a Crossroads: Appraisingthe Contemporary Political Function of the Voting Rights ActJACLYN ANN SUMNERA.B., Northwestern University, 2005A.M, University of Chicago, 2009(History)DISSERTATION: National Autocracy, Regional Governance:Tlaxcala, Mexico, 1885-1909THOMAS SWERTSA.B., Katholieke Universiteit Leuuen, Belgium, 2005A.M, ibid., 2001A.M, University of Chicago, 2010(Sociology)DISSERTATION: Non-citizen Citizenship: A ComparativeEthnography of Undocumented Activism in Chicago andBrusselsLIMINTEHA.B., Bryn Mawr College, 1998M.L.S., Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NewBrunswick, 2000A.M, University of Chicago, 2005(History)DISSERTATION: Mining (or Differences: Race, Chinese Labor,and fapanese Colonialism in Fushun Coalmine, 1901-1945 ELI DAVID THORKELSONA.B., Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 2004A.M, University of Chicago, 2001(Anthropology)DISSERTATION: Hostile Futures: Radical Philosophy and theFrench University Movement of 2009SEONAID VALIANTS.B., Portland State University, 1994A.M, ibid., 1991A.M, University of Chicago, 2001(History)DISSERTATION: Two Automobiles from Teotihuacdn:Archaeology and Ornamental Nationalism in the PorfirianEra, 1816-1911SHEILA TWO WILLEA.B., Franklin and Marshall College, 2000A.M, Illinois State University, 2005(History)DISSERTATION: Governing Insects in Britain and the Empire,1691-1816HAOTIAN ZHOUS.B., Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2005S.M., Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China, 2008A.M., University of Chicago, 2013(Psychology)DISSERTATION: More Than a Blood Pumy: A PsychologicalInvestigation of the Folk Conception oj the HeartFor the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Division of the Social Sciences andthe University of Chicago Booth School of Business:MARYAM FARBOODIS.B., Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, 2004S.M, University ofMaryland at College Park, 2006S.M, University of Texas at Austin, 2008(Financial Economics)DISSERTATION: Intermediation and Voluntary Exposure toCounterparty RiskVIII. IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BOOTH SCHOOL OF BUSINESSFor the Degree ofMaster of Business Administration:ANIL ABRAHAMA.B., University of Notre Dame, 2006STEPHEN BACHB.Sc.(Hons), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,2006JASON MICHAEL BALLB.B.A. (Hons), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria,Australia, 2005BRETT BARGANZA.B., University of Wisconsin- Whitewater, 2006M.P.A., Northern Illinois University, 2009• WITH HONORSJACQUELINE BARRETTA.B., Northwestern University, 2008MARY-PATRICIA BARRONA.B., Colgate University, 2001• WITH HIGH HONORSDAVID MICHAEL BAUERA.B., University of Pennsylvania, 2004ANIL BELURB.Eng., Bangalore University, India, 1996S.M., Arizona State University, 1998LAURA MEADE BERG FIELDA.B., wake Forest University, 2005RICARDO BERNAL FANDINOB.Sc., Uniuersidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia, 2004M.Sc., ibid., 2001DEEPAK BHAVIB.Eng., University ofMumbai, India, 2003• WITH HONORSROBERT CRISPELL BOURKEA.B., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2005KURT DAVID BRADLERS.B., Grove City College, 2004DANIEL PATRICK BURKES.B., Bowling Green State University, 2005• WITH HIGH HONORSROBERT CALIAA.B., University of California, Davis, 2004• WITH HONORSYECAOBiEng., Qingdao Technological University, China, 2001S.M., North Carolina State University at Raleigh, 2010LEAH CHRISTINE CAPLANISB.B.A., western Michigan University, 2005MUNYEECHANB.Eng., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2003DEREK SI CHENA.B., University ofMassachusetts at Amherst, 2005SiM'; Carnegie Mellon University, 2001ALEXANDRU ADRIAN CHITEAB.Sc., jacobs University Bremen, Germany. 2005M.Sc., Universitdt des Saarlandes, Saarbrucken, Germany, 2001MEGHAN BASIC COLLINSS.B., Purdue University, west Lafayette, Indiana, 2005• WITH HONORSJAMES ANDREW EDMINISTERS.B., Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, 2001OCTAVIAN PETRU FARCASANUDip!', Uniuersitatea din Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania, 1993s.M., University of Texas at Dallas, 1995• WITH HONORS JAMES THOMAS FARLEYS.B., Fairfield University, 2003ALEXANDER GEMLS.B., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2003• WITH HIGH HONORSGRAHAM GILBERTA.B., Duke University, 2003ALLISON MARIE HAMILLB.B.A., University of Notre Dame, 2010ROlE HAUSERA.B., Hebrew University ofjerusalem, Israel, 2006A.M., ibid., 2008THOMAS DANIEL HENNESSYA.B., Georgetown University, 2001MATTHEW PAUL HERMANSONS.B., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2001s.s«, ibid., 2011ANDREW NICOLAS HILLS.B., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001• WITH HONORSKELLY ANN HIRSCHA.B., Northwestern University, 2009• WITH HONORSALEXANDER R. HODGKINA.B., Claremont McKenna College, 1991S.B., University of Colorado at Boulder, 2004ASHISHJAINB. Tech., Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India, 2000s.M., North Carolina State University at Raleigh, 2005SATYA PRAKASH KAMINENIB. Tecb., Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India, 1995S.M., University of Toledo, 1998ASHWIN UDAY KEKREBiEng., Nagpur University, India, 2001S.M., Texas A&M University, College Station, 2003• WITH HONORSALAN J. KLEINERMANS.B., Yeshiva University, 2001BRADLEY MICHAEL KNECHTGESS.B., United States Air Force Academy, 2004SHANE MICHAEL KOKKINESS.B., Northwestern University, 2001RYAN MICHAEL KOLES.B., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001MICHAEL D. KREPPSS.B., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2003S.M., ibid., 2005ERIC WOLFROM KUHLA.B., Wheaton College, Illinois, 2001NANLIBEcon., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2006M.Econ., Peking University, Beijing, China, 2009ANIL KUMAR CHOUDARY MALLAVARPUB.Eng., Gulbarga University, India, 1996MOHIT MANOCHAS.B., Northwestern University, 2006• WITH HONORSANTONIO OWEN SILVA MARAMAGS.B., University of the Philippines, Quezon City, 1984A.B., ibid., 1986WILLIAM JOSEPH MIRSHAKS.B., University 0/ Richmond, 2004STEVEN EDWARD ORLANDINOS.B., Northern ILlinois University, 2006• WITH HONORSADHIRAJ PARTHASARATHYA.B., University ofPennsyluania, 2006MURARI PILLAPAKKAMB. Tecb., University 0/Madras, Chennai, India, 2000S.M., University o/Wisconsin-Madison, 2002MARISSA ANN PITTERLES.B., University of Notre Dame, 2009• WITH HONORSTHOMAS G. PRENDERGASTA.B., Loyola University of Cbicag», 1994BRENDAN FRANCIS REARDONA.B., Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 2006PENG RENS.B., University 0/ ILlinois at Chicago, 2007RICHARD MICHAEL REZNYS.B., University 0/ ILlinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005ADAM DANIEL SCHWABB.B.A., University of Sousb Dakota, 2005RYAN MICHAEL SCHWEETS.B., Indiana University Bloomington, 2007NITIN KUMAR SHARMAB.Eng., Nagpur University, India, 1999ASHUTOSH SHELATS.B., University 0/ Illinois at Chicago, 2006• WITH HIGH HONORSABHISHEK SHROFFS.B., University ofIllinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007M.E.M, Dartmouth College, 2008PETERIS SPELSS.B., Latvijas Uniuersitate, Riga, Latvia, 2007 RYAN INGEMAR SUNDBYB.B.A., University 0/ Notre Dame, 2004SHAWN MICHAEL TAYLORS.B., DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, 2001SANJEEV SRINIVASAN TITTAIB.Eng., University 0/Madras, Chennai, India, 2000S.M., University 0/Illinois at Chicago, 2003MICHAEL L. VELCICHA.B., Stanford University, 2007CARLOS ANDRES VILLARREALA.B., Augustana College, Rock Island, Illinois, 2005ANDREY VINNIKDipl., Moscow Institute of Pbysics and Technology, Russia, 1996Kand., ibid., 1999JOHN KENNETH WEDDINGS.B., University o/Wisconsin-Madison, 1997SYLVIA WEREMS.B., University 0/ Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005XUEGANGXIAS.B., University of Science and Technology of China, Hefti,China, 2005S.M, Northern Illinois University, 2008WEI XUBiEng., Beijing Institute o/Technology, China, 2006S.M, Oregon State University, 2008HANJIE JESSIE YUA.B., Williams College, 2007SHUJUNYUB.Econ., Shanghai University, China, 2000A.M, Vanderbilt University, 2004S.M., George Washington University, 2006WENBOZHANGS.B., Beihang University, Beijing, China, 2004S.M, Texas A&M University, College Station, 2008For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy:JOHN GRAHAM BURROWSA.B., Vassar College, 1996MB.A., University of Chicago, 2008DISSERTATION: The Value 0/ an Enhanced Information PoolingProcess in Group Estimation and ForecastingANNE HEINRICHSDipl., Ruhr Uniuersitdt, Bocbum, Germany, 2004MEA., University of Texas at Austin, 2006MB.A., University of Chicag», 2014DISSERTATION: Investors' Access to Corporate Management: AField Experiment about l-on-I-CallsZACHARY RICHMAN KAPLANA.B., University 0/ Pennsylvania, 2002MB.A., University of Chicago, 2009DISSERTATION: Does Bundling Affict Investor Processing? NANLIB.Econ., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2006MEcon., Peking University, Beijing, China, 2009MB.A., University o/Chicago, 2014DISSERTATION: Labor Market Peer FirmsSAMIR PRAMOD WARTYS.B., University of Chicag», 2003S.M., University o/Washington, Seattle, 2005DISSERTATION: Sequential Bayesian Learningfor StochasticVolatility with Variance-Gamma Jumps in ReturnsMICHAEL YEOMANSB.Sc. (Hons), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2009DISSERTATION: Partisan Person Perception: The Origins 0/Straw MenFor the Degree of Doctor ofPhilosophy in the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and theDivision of the Social Sciences:RUI CUIB.B.A. (Hons), Hong Kong Polytechnic, Hong Kong, 2008MB.A., University o/Chicago, 2014(Financial Economics)DISSERTATION: What Is Cyclical in Credit Cycles?IX. IN THE DIVINITY SCHOOLFor the Degree ofMaster of Divinity:OLIVIA BUSTIONA.B., Mount Holyoke College, 2003MSt., University of Oxford, England, United Kingdom, 2007Ph.D., University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2012 ERIN MARGARET McCARTHYA.B., Hope CoLLege, 2009For the Degree ofMaster ofArts:AHMED ARAFATA.B., Al-Azbar University, Cairo, Egypt, 2006CHRISTOPHER SCOTT CRAWFORDA.B., Brigham Young University, 2011ANDREW CARL KUNZEA.B., Wabash College, 2012FEMIA LUKOSE MAROORA.B., Marquette University, 2009ADAM MURRAY O'BRIENA.B., University of San Francisco, 2011 LUBOMIR MARTIN ONDRASEKBacc., Zion Bible Institute, Barrington, Rhode Island, 1999MDiv., Gordon-Conuell Theological Seminary, 2003M Th., Harvard University, 2005CHRISTOPHER ARMANDO RODRIGUESUNSETHA.B., Brown University, 2012ANTHONY WEISSA.B., Oberlin College, 2012JEFFREY SCOTT WILSON, JR.A.B., Whittier College, 2012For the Degree ofDoctor ofPhilosophy:EMANUELLE NEUMAN BURTONA.B., Bryn Mawr College, 2001A.M, University of Chicago, 2004DISSERTATION: Fantasy and Responsibility: Phronesis andEthical Meaning-Making in the Chronicles of NarniaPATRICIA ANN DUNCANA.B., University of'Missouri-Columbia; 1998MDIv., University of Chicago, 2003DISSERTATION: NoveL Hermeneutics: Gospel Exegesis in thePseudo-Clementine HomiliesTARICK FATHI ELGENDYA.B., Georgetown University, 2005A.M, University of Chicago, 2007DISSERTATION: Power, Complicity. and Resistance: Rereading"The Powers" with Karl Barth and Michel Foucault ADRIAN NICOLAE GUIULic., Universitatea din Oradea, Romania, 2001A.M, University of Chicago, 2005DISSERTATION: Reading Scripture, Unifying Creation:Becoming the Officina Omnium in John Scottus Eriugena'sPeriphyseonALEXS DELANEY THOMPSONA.B., PennsyLvania State University, 2001A.M, University of Chicago, 2004S.M., University ofILlinois at Chicago, 2007DISSERTATION: Re-Reading aL- Tabari: Towards a NarratoLogicaLInterpretation of the HistoryX. IN THE IRVING B. HARRIS GRADUATE SCHOOLOF PUBLIC POLICY STUDIESFor the Degree ofMaster ofArts:PRAEWPAILIN SOIHONGPRAIA.B., Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand, 2010A.M, University ofMichigan-Ann Arbor, 2013For the Degree ofMaster ofPublic Policy:LIN CONGA.B., St. OLaf College, 2012 JONATHAN GRABINSKY ZABLUDOVSKYA.B., University of Chicago, 2013• WITH HONORSXI. IN THE LAW SCHOOLFor the Degree of Doctor ofLaw:GARY BENJAMIN DETURCKA.B., Yale University, 2008KAREN LEUNGA.B., Columbia University, New York City, New York, 2010 NORA YASMEEN SHAWKIA.B., University of Chicago, 2001XII. IN THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SERVICE ADMINISTRATIONFor the Degree ofMaster ofArts:ELIZABETH SARA ALEXANDERA.B., Spelman College, 2010CHRISTOPHER DEANGELO HUFFA.B., Oglethrope University, 2012LORETTA ANN MAESTRANZIA.B., Loyola University of Chicago, 1982ERIN MARGARET McCARTHYA.B., Hope College, 2009M.Div., University of Chicago, 2014 ERIC KLIEFOTH ROBERTSA.B., University of Texas at Austin, 2001TIANTIAN WANGB.B.A., Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2001M.Acc., University of Southern California, 2012YINGJIA WANGA.B., Renmin University of China, Beijing, 2012For the Degree ofDoctor of Philosophy:VANESSA DUFFY FABBREA.B., College of the Holy Cross, 2001A.M., University of Chicago, 2006DISSERTATION: Gender Transitions in Later Lift MD. HASAN REZAB.S.S., University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1993MS.S., ibid., 1995M.S. W, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2001DISSERTATION: Social Networks, Social Support, and Survivalon the Streets: An Exploratory Study of the Survival Strategiesof Bangladeshi Street YouthTHE ALMA MATER(Please Stand)Music: Eustasio Rosales and Mack Evans, arranged by James KallembachThe University of Chicago Motet ChoirJames Kallembach, ConductorText: Edwin H. Lewis, Ph.D., 1894 Music: Eustasio Rosales and Mack Evans, arranged by James Kallembach��! J IJ. Jl J J IJ J J j If' Jl Fl If] f jTo - day we glad - ly sing the praise of her whose daugh- ters and whose sons Now�� 1":\r Jl J J I J. 0 J J IJ. V J 1 Ii � j Jloy al voi - ces proud - ly raise to bless her with our be - ni - sons. Of�� J. J\ J J IJ 0 J J IJ. ), J J I J. -0 J Jall fair mo - thers fair - est she, most wise of all that wis - est be, most�� F9 1£9 IF] 1":\J. J\ J i IF f j J Js, IJ.true of all the true say we, is our dear AI- rna Ma ter.ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITYROBERT J. ZIMMERMUSICAL FINALEVOICE DANCE IIIComposed by Greg JasperseThe University of Chicago Motet ChoirJames Kallembach, ConductorCLOSING WORDSCATHERINE C. BAUMANNMarshal of the UniversityTRUMPET FLOURISHMillar Brass Ensemble IITHE RECESSIONAL(Please Stand)Toccata from Symphony Number 5Composed by Charles-Marie WidorThomas Weisflog, University OrganistTHE CONVOCATION RECESSIONALThe Flag BearersThe Marshal of the UniversityThe President of the UniversityThe Provost of the UniversityThe Faculty SpeakerThe Trustees and Officers of the UniversityThe DeansThe Vice-MarshalThe Faculty of the UniversityThe GraduatesThe Student MarshalsSWINGING PEALWylie Crawford, University CarillonneurTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MOTET CHOIRMembers of the University ChoirsJames Kallembach, DirectorMUSICIANSWylie Crawford, University CarillonneurThomas Weisflog, University OrganistMILLAR BRASS ENSEMBLEMatt Lee, DirectorROCKEFELLER MEMORIAL CHAPELORGAN AND CARILLONTHE ORGANBuilt with the Chapel itself in 1928, RockefellerMemorial Chapel's regal organ is one of fourUniversity organs of the American organ-builderE. M. Skinner (the others being at Yale, Princeton,and Michigan). These organs are considered amongthe finest examples of twentieth-century romanticorgans built in America. On November 1, 1928,Rockefeller's organ, Opus 634, was unveiled at arecital by Lynnwood Farnam, reportedly to a crowdof over 2,500 admirers.In the Rockefeller organ, Skinner fully invested hisgenius for realizing a full orchestral sound, with acomplete collection of voices and many soft etherealeffects. Many of the large pipe scales, which arenecessary to achieve a full sound in a building thesize of the Chapel, are no longer built and thuscannot be found in contemporary organs. Theoriginal Chapel organ included four manuals andhad 6,610 organ pipes in 108 ranks; since its 2008restoration, it now has 8,565 pipes in 132 ranks.The organ's bay of pipes, located in the Chapelchancel, is a work of art in itself and is an integralelement of the interior architecture of Rockefeller.In addition to the chancel organ located at the frontof the Chapel, Skinner installed a gallery organ inthe upper balcony of the Chapel, to accompanythe gallery choir. The organs can be playedindependently or as one, using either console. THE CARILLONThe Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial Carillonwas installed during the summer of 1932, a yearafter its sister instrument at Riverside Church inNew York City, and was dedicated at Thanksgivingthat year. Both carillons are the masterworks ofthe Gillett & Johnston bell foundry of Croydon,England. Carillons of this size had never beforebeen built and have not been constructed since.The Chicago instrument, comprised of 72 bellsand 100 tons of bronze, is the single largest musicalinstrument ever assembled. Its bells were cast overa three-year period and include a massive 18.5-tonbourdon sounding a low C#.Since carefully tuned carillon bells of this size hadnever been created, the design consultant, FrederickMayer (organist and choirmaster at West Point),took the ground-breaking step of placing thefourteen largest bells below the playing cabin sothat the sound of these bells would not deafen theperformer to the smaller bells. Similarly, he laid outthese 58 smaller bells so that the tiniest of themwould be directly above the cabin, with the largerones higher in the tower. He also placed trapdoorsin the roof of the cabin, thus providing thecarillonneur with a balanced sound. In the 1960s,several changes were made to the installation and amajor restoration of this instrument was undertakenfrom 2006-08. Today, the layout of bells favors theaudience rather than the carillonneur.ACADEMIC DRESSThe robes worn by participants in academicceremonies originated when European universitieswere being formed in the twelfth and thirteenthcenturies. Since many of the instructors came fromreligious orders and taught in unheated and draftybuildings, they adapted their religious robes for useas the university attire.The long robe with an attached cape or hoodbecame the standard and variation in the costumeindicated the rank of the person wearing it. Theywere worn every day and served to distinguishscholars and their students from other citizens. Theapparel worn by university faculty that is seen inold engravings is remarkably similar to that which isworn today. The gown is a symbol of the democracyof scholarship since it covers any clothing indicatingother rank or status. While everyday fashions havechanged, universities retained the earlier style forformal attire to be worn by students, graduates,faculty, and university officials on ceremonialoccasions.European universities each developed their ownstyles and colors of academic dress, and some of thedifferences seen in the academic procession todayillustrate that variety. In the United States, however,an intercollegiate congress in 1895 agreed on a singlestandard for academic dress in this country thathas been adopted by most American colleges anduniversities. Individuals with bachelor's degrees wear a black gown, which has long pointed sleeves.The gown of master's degree holders is also black,with sleeves that are squared at the end. Doctor'sgowns are fuller with velvet facings down the frontand three bars on the generous bell-shaped sleeves.While the usual color is black, within the past halfcentury some American universities have adoptedgowns of a color appropriate for each school; at theUniversity of Chicago our doctoral gown is maroon.The cape of the earliest academic costumes hasbecome a hood, worn, by individuals with doctoraldegrees, over the shoulders and hanging behind.The lining of the hood is folded out and its colorsindicate the school from which the wearer obtainedhis or her degree. The velvet border designatesthe degree area of study (white for arts, yellow forscience, blue for philosophy, drab for business, greenfor medicine, purple for law, and red for divinity).University of Chicago honorary degree recipientsreceive a hood with a white facing (doctor ofhumane letters), purple (doctor of laws), or yellow(doctor of science).The first right of a freed Roman slave was theprivilege of wearing a cap, so the academic cap is thesign of the freedom of scholarship. Although the flatsquare cap or mortarboard is most usual, Chicago'sdoctoral cap is an octagonal tam of velvet.THE MARSHAL AND THE STUDENT MARSHALSThe office of Marshal of the University wasestablished in 1895 to assist with the conduct ofofficial ceremonies. Until 1903 the Marshal was anundergraduate upperclassman, assisted by otherundergraduate upperclassmen and by membersof the faculty. Since 1903 the Marshal has been amember of the faculty, assisted by other members ofthe faculty and by undergraduate upperclassmen.The Marshal, Vice-Marshal, and Assistant Marshalsof the University of Chicago wear maroon doctor'sAndrew DavisHelma DikRachel FultonRafael Meghani AbramovitzNadia Kathryn AlhadiYusef Asiddeg Al- JaraniNicholas Brastins BarnesClaire Marie BaumerAva BenezraJohn Paul BliamptisAmanda Leigh BlockSimone T. BonaparteElvin BoraHope Louise BretscherJonathon James CatlinLok Tsing Enoch ChanJeanne Germaine ChauffourChun Ho ChowTaylor Carl CoplenMelina Evelyn De Bona robes with alternating black velvet and gold metallicbars on the sleeves. Prior to receiving their bachelor'sdegrees, Student Marshals wear maroon bachelor'srobes with maroon mortarboards. When receivingtheir degrees, they wear black mortarboards.Student Marshals are appointed by the Presidentof the University in recognition of their excellentscholarship and leadership. Appointment as a StudentMarshal is the highest honor conferred by theUniversity upon undergraduate students.MARSHALCatherine C. BaumannVICE-MARSHALDavid LaRue CrabbASSISTANT MARSHALSRichard H. HelmholzWilliam G. HowellMichael Silverstein Ronald A. ThistedChristina von NolckenLindaJ. WaiteSTUDENT MARSHALS20I4-20I5Alexander Joseph DunlapRina Siller FriedbergMelissa Nicole GatterJane E. GordonAndrea Karina HaidarMagdalena Deyanova IvanovaAnastasia Galina KaiserDake J ungmo KangMatthew Scott KellnerJi Yeon KimJaney Jae-eun LeeScott Charles LoringPreston Mackenzie LuongNissa Wan-Ying MaiSpencer Perkins McavoyMallory Caitlyn MorseNikhitha Murali Christian K. WedemeyerPeter WhiteNicholas Wolf ParkerMargeaux Allison PerkinsMorgane Richer La FlecheMichael Faber RosenbaumLianne Ruolan SeyferthDamini SharmaNa Eun ShinErin Mary SimpsonEmily Nicole TixierAshley C. TranJennifer Jean UehlingAustin William WardLindsay Emily WarrenDerek Perseus WongHongyang XiaoBosi ZhangHayley Jessica ZullowTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOThe University of Chicago was founded in 1890 byJohn D. Rockefeller, biblical scholar William RaineyHarper, and Chicago-area Baptists. The University'sArticles of Incorporation commit the institutionto excellence in both undergraduate and graduateeducation, an explicit policy of co-education, and anatmosphere of non-sectarianism. Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies, fourgraduate divisions (Biological Sciences, Humanities,Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences), six graduateprofessional schools (Divinity School, Law School,Pritzker School of Medicine, Irving B. HarrisGraduate School of Public Policy Studies, School ofSocial Service Administration, and the Universityof Chicago Booth School of Business), the Institutefor Molecular Engineering, and a diverse collectionof academic support units and resources, includinglibraries, research institutes, clinics, museums,theaters, and a university press. The Universityhas more than 2,200 faculty and other academicpersonnel, and an enrollment of over 15,000students. The 215-acre campus is located alongthe Midway Plaisance in Hyde Park, a residentialcommunity on Lake Michigan south of Chicago'sLoop.Harper agreed to become the first president of theUniversity on the condition that he be allowedto establish a university that would be unlike anyother. He conceived of a university that wouldemphasize the creation of new knowledge and"make the work of investigation primary." To thisend, the University has always been dedicated toexcellence in research and has sought the mostdistinguished scholars for its faculty.Over the years, the University and its faculty havehad a major impact on American higher education.Faculty scholarship has shaped several essentialdisciplines and established important and distinctive"Chicago schools" in such disparate fields aseconomics, evolutionary biology, sociology, literarycriticism, anthropology, and law and economics.More than eighty Nobel laureates have beenmembers of the faculty, researchers, or students at theUniversity. Programmatic innovations originating atthe University include the invention of the four­quarter system, the establishment of a coherentprogram of general education for undergraduates,the initiation of a full-time medical school teachingfaculty, and the development of extension courses andprograms in the liberal arts for adults. The University's English Collegiate Gothic buildings,built of gray Indiana limestone, were designed toframe shady, green quadrangles. Contemporarycampus buildings have been designed in keepingwith the original Gothic theme while drawingfrom the tradition of great modern architecture forwhich the city of Chicago is famous. Eero Saarinenand Ludwig Mies van der Rohe designed strikingbuildings for the Law School and the School ofSocial Service Administration. The National Trustfor Historic Preservation praised the University forits insistence on architectural continuity over "acentury of social and academic change."On July 1, 2006, Robert J. Zimmer became theUniversity's thirteenth president.The University includes an undergraduate College,the William B. and Catherine V Graham School of