Price $J.OQPer Year &be Wntverstty of CfoicagoFOUNDED BY JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER Single Copies5 CentsUniversity RecordPUBLISHED BY AUTHORITYCHICAGOZbe TOntversttg of Qftic&QO ptcsBVOL IV, NO. 22. PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY AT 3:00 P.M. SEPTEMBER 1, 1899.Entered in the post office Chicago, Illinois, as second-class matter.CONTENTS.I. Official Notices - 121II. The University Elementary School - - - 122-123III. Preliminary Programme of the Summer Finalsand the Thirtieth Convocation, Autumn 1899 - 123-124IV. The Calendar 124Official Notices.The following persons were admitted to candidacyfor the degrees named by the Faculty of the GraduateSchool of Arts and Literature at its meeting ofAugust 5, 1899 :For the Degree of Master of Arts:James Davis Garner.John Andrew Long.Benjamin Franklin Templeton.For the Degree of Master of Philosophy :Eva McNally.For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy :Hermann Benjamin Almstedt : German and English.Andre Beziat-de-Bordes : French and Spanish.Annie Marion MacLean: Sociology and PoliticalScience.Frederick Otto Schub : German and Indo-EuropeanPhilology.Thomas K. Sidey : Latin and Greek. The Board of University Affiliations at meetings heldJuly 15 and July 31, 1899, voted to recommend to theBoard of Trustees of the University, Dearborn Seminary, Chicago, for affiliation with the University.The Final Examination of Edgar HutchinsonJohnson for the degree of S.M. will be held Saturday.September 9, at 9 : 00 a.m. in Room 38, Ryerson PhysicalLaboratory. Principal subject, Mathematics. Thesis :" AConformal Map of the Surface of a Sphere on theInterior of an Ellipse." Committee : Professor Bolza,Associate Professor S. W. Stratton, and all other members of the departments immediately concerned.The Final Examination of Samuel Chiles Mitchellfor the degree of Ph.D. will be held Monday, September 11, at 3:00 p.m. in Room C 1, Cobb Hall.Principal subject, Political Science ; secondary subject,(Modern) History. Thesis: "The Change from Colony to Commonwealth in Virginia." Committee : Professors Judson, Goodspeed, A. C. Miller, and all othermembers of the departments immediately concerned.The Final Examination of Floris Winton Kings-ley for the degree of B.D. will be held on Monday,September 18, at 2:00 p.m., in Room 36, HaskellMuseum. Principal subject, Church History; secondary subject, Homiletics. Thesis : " Machiavelli."Committee : Professors Huibert, Johnson, Moncrief,Anderson, Henderson, and all other instructors in thedepartments immediately concerned.122 UNIVERSITY RECORDThe University Elementary School.group VIII.[Continuation of work reported in the University Recoed,December 16, 1898, February 17 and April 28, 1899. Average ageof children, eleven years.]The history of the city of Chicago has been followedfrom the building of Fort Dearborn and first villagewith fourteen families to about 1850. The childrenhave tried to work out the problems of city governmentas they would arise. In the last report they had foundthat bridges, roads, and a fire department, wouldprobably be managed best by a few officials for thewhole village. The next developments came up whenthe history of the city was affected by the boom of1834. The cause of the boom — the building of thecanal from Chicago to La Salle — had been plannedtwo years before. The land rive miles on either side ofthe proposed canal was surveyed and blocked out,each alternate block being given to the State of Illinoisto pay for the construction of the canal. The sale ofthese blocks caused the land speculations which drewso many people to the city and rendered necessary themeeting at once of city problems. One of these wasthe " water supply," still unsolved. The Chicago Riverwater had been used during the early years, when itwas a clear stream. But the building of towns on itsbanks and the beginning of navigation rendered thewater unfit for use. The children were told of thecustom, for a time of carrying pure water about inbarrels and selling it from house to house. Then wellswere sunk, but in the rapid growth of the city thesewere unsafe. So a private company undertook tosupply pure water, and made a crib in LakeMichigan, and laid pipes. Owing to bad management,however, these were not laid deep enough, and duringa severe winter the water froze, burst the pipes, and awater famine resulted. When these facts had beenrelated the problem of how the matter could beremedied was placed before the children. Some suggested that the company lay the pipes deeper ; somethat the city buy out the company and manage thesupply. This brought up the general discussion ofmunicipal ownership versus private companies, and thechildren brought out the ideas that the city would havemore money to construct better, and as it would notexpect a profit, could supply consumers more cheaplythan a private concern. The children were told thatthe city assumed the management of the water supply,and the various changes that have been made up tothe present time. They asked what was done in othercities, and were told of the plans of several large cities.The study of the city of Chicago was continued untilthe establishment of the present departments of government. This brought in also, the gradual narrowing of the area of counties, from the time of the division of the "northwest territory " into five counties,to the last fixing of the boundaries of Cook county.With a knowledge of how their own city was developed, the next subject taken up was the formation ofa colony, and Virginia was studied as a type of thesouthern colony. Both the history of Chicago and ofcolonies will hereafter be given in the third and fourthyears in school. With this group it has been necessaryto take it up at this time, as they had not had it. Withthem the colonial history was developed largely fromoriginal documents. Part of the time was given toreporting on subjects assigned, and the rest spent indiscussion, in gathering together in good form whathad been read, and in making of their own records.These records were sometimes narrative statementsof events, and sometimes the writer personated someone of the colonists and wrote as though he were experiencing the hardships of pioneer life. In thisaccount imagination was permitted to play a part.The number work has been connected with problemsarising in various studies. One of these was to findout how much ventilation was necessary in two (a largeand a small) rooms in the school. The children firstmeasured the room and estimated its cubical contents. As one of the rooms was irregular, they had todeduct the cubical contents of a "jog," which complicated the work somewhat. They found from a physiology that the amount of carbon dioxide permissiblein a room was two parts in ten thousand. In order touse this in decimal form they were shown how to reduce fractional parts to decimals of per cent. Enoughproblems were given on this subject to gain facility inmanaging them, then the proportion of carbon dioxidethat could be permitted in the rooms under consideration calculated. The amount of carbon dioxide givenout per hour by an adult, and by a child was found,and the time it would take to reach this limit for therooms under consideration. The next part of theproblem was to find out how much air must be admittedto give perfect ventilation. From a weather map theyfound the average velocity of wind in Chicago to be amile a minute. This was reduced to meters ; then,taking the area of the window as a square meter theyestimated the amount of air that would pass througha room with that aperture at that velocity in a giventime.In connection with their study of the developmentof spinning, they worked out the number of revolutionsmade by the small wheel in proportion to those madeby the large wheel.In connection with their history of Chicago theyUNIVERSITY RECORD 123found the amount of taxes paid by certain individuals,and estimated their property. The school tax bill waspresented, and worked out, and taxes in general studied.The work in Botany has been connected with thegarden plot of the group. They knew that certainplants live out of doors all winter, but others must beplanted each year. To find what makes the differencethey examined perennial plants and found that thoseabove ground protect themselves from the cold bywoody liber, while others live beneath the ground.In their garden beds they found that a large numberof seedlings died before coming to maturity. Theyundertook to find out the proportion that survived.They counted the number of each species that appeared, and eliminated those that died before maturity,then tabulated the results. They found that the average for each species was fairly uniform. The nextproblem proposed was to discover to what the survivalof one plant over another was due. This was taken upfirst from the adaptation of roots (other conditions being approximately equal), and second from the arrangement of leaves. In both cases it was found that theroots and leaves of the plant that survived were bestadapted to supply the needs of the plant.In addition to working out the processes of spinningreported in the work of younger groups, the more involved processes have been taken up with the oldergroups. These involved the advantage of the " flyer "and bobbin which made it unnecessary for the spinnerto stop to wind the spun thread, and made the difference between so-called " intermittent " and " continuous" spinning. The use of rollers in drawing out thewool in machine spinning was next noted, and thearrangement of a pair of rollers moving slowly —through which the wool passed to a set moving rapidly — thus drawing out the wool between the two sets,was understood from diagrams. -The children werethen taken to the Aurora Cotton mills, and examinedthe whole process as carried on by a factory- Theywent first to the basement where they saw the balesof ginned cotton just as they are received from theSouth. Then they examined the process of mixingdifferent grades of cotton, of cleaning, opening, andseparating inferior quality. They saw " intermittent "and "continuous" spinning ; sizing, weaving, warping,and preparing for shipment.In Latin the work has been carried on in the sameway as with Group VII, but as the children were able,they have had more to do ; and the grammar work,especially, has been given more attention.In French, conversation, stories and dramatizationhave occupied a part of the time, reading from Jeanned'Arc and grammar the rest. Art work has consisted largely of out-of-doorssketching. They have drawn the simple landscapewith planes of ground and sky, then more complexsubjects as the neighborhood afforded. When compelled by the weather to work in-doors, they havedrawn from the model the stages of progress in spinning.In music in addition to the usual work of songlearning and song analysis a baseball song has beencomposed.Preliminary Programme of the Summer Finals and theThirtieth Convocation, Autumn 1899,the finals.September 8, Friday.8:00 p.m. Graduate and Divinity Finals in Public Speaking forthe Joseph Letter Prize. Debate: Resolved, "Thatthe principle of the Eight -Hour Day should be recognized by law in all industries where machinery islargely used." Kent TheaterSeptember 15, Friday.8 : 00 p.m. Senior College Finals, in Public Speaking, for theUniversity Prize. Judges: the Members of theSenior College Faculty. Debate: Resolved, "ThatMunicipal Ownership and Operation of Street Railwaysis Preferable to Ownership and Operation by PrivateCorporations." R~e?it TheaterSeptember 17, Sunday, Baccalaureate Sunday.3 : 30 p.m. Baccalaureate Prayer Service. Members of the Faculties and Candidates for Degrees are invited to attend.Haskell Oriental Mtcseum — Assembly Room4: 00 p.m. Baccalaureate Vesper Service.Baccalaureate Address. The President of the University. Kent TheaterSeptember 19, Tuesday.8 : 00-n : 00 p.m. Senior College Reception.The Presidents HotiseSeptember 20, 21, 22, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday.Quarterly Examinations of the Summer Quarter.CONVOCATION WEEK.September 30, Saturday.9: 00 a.m. -3: 00 p.m. Matriculation and Registration of Incoming Students. (The Offices of the President, the Deans, andthe Registrar will be open. Officers of Instruction maynot ordinarily be consulted on this day.)8: 30 a.m. -9: 00 p.m. Opening of the work of the College for Teachersand of the Class -Study Departments. The Dean andSecretary will be in attendance in Room 410, Fine ArtsBuilding, 203 Michigan avenue.124 UNIVERSITY RECORDOctober i, Sunday. Convocation Sunday.8:30 A.M. Bible Classes. Haskell Oriental Museum4: 00 p.m. The Convocation Vesper Service.The Convocation Sermon : The Reverend Frank Crane,Chicago.The Quarterly Report of the Christian Union.Kent Theater8 :00 P.M. Union Meeting of the Young Men's Christian Associations and the Young Women's Christian Association.Haskell Oriental Museum— Association HallOctober 2, Monday. Convocation Day. J8:30 a.m.-i2:oom. Matriculation and Registration of Incoming Students. (All University Instructors offering courses in-the Autumn Quarter may be met at the consultationhours announced.)12: com. Division Meetings of the Junior and Senior Colleges.Attendance required. Cobb Lecture Hall12: 30 p.m. The Eighth Anniversary Chapel Assembly.Cobb Lecture Hall— Chapel2: 00 p.m. Meeting of Candidates for Degrees with the ExecutiveOfficers. Cobb Lecture- Hall— Chapel2: 00-4: 00 p.m. Matriculation and Registration of Incoming Students.8 : 00 p.m. The Thirtieth University Convocation.The Procession.The Convocation Address : " The University and TheTeacher." The Right Reverend J. L. Spalding,Bishop of Peoria.The Conferring of Degrees.The President's Quarterly Statement.Central Music HallOctober 3, Tuesday.8 : 30 a.m. Lectures and Recitations of the Autumn Quarter begin.10:30 A.M. Senior College Assembly. Attendance required ofMembers of the Senior Colleges.Cobb Lecture Hall— Chapel4:00 P.M. The Sixteenth Meeting of the University Congregation.The Procession.The Admission of New Members.The Review of Actions of Governing Bodies.The Discussion of Special Topics.The Election of Vice President.Haskell Oriental Museum — Congregation Hall7 : 00 p.m. The Congregation Dinner.The Quadrangle ClubOctober 4, Wednesday.Annual Meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Theological Union.Fine Arts Building — University OfficeOctober 5, Thursday.Annual Meeting of the Theological Union.Haskell Oriental Museum Calendar.september 1-8, 1899.Friday, September 1.Chapel-Assembly : Divinity School. — Chapel, CobbHall, 10: 30 a.m.University Open Lectures : The course of lectures on" Some Problems in Urban Life " by Professor Jameswill be withdrawn.Sunday, September 3.Vesper Service is held in Kent Theater, 1:00 p.m.Dr. C. W. Votaw will speak on " The Newer ReligiousEducation."Monday, September 4.Chapel-Assembly: Junior Colleges. — Chapel, CobbHall, 10:30 a.m. (required of Junior College Students).Tuesday, September 5.Chapel-Assembly: Senior Colleges. Chapel, Cobb Hall.10:30 a.m. (required of Senior College Students).University Open Lecture :4:00p.m. "The Expansion of the Union: The LouisianaPurchase." Assistant Professor Shepardson, Congregation Hall, Haskell.Thursday, September 7.Chapel- Assembly : Graduate Schools. — Chapel, CobbHall, 10:30 a.m.University Open Lecture :4 : 00 p.m. " The Expansion of the Union : The Mexican Cessions." Assistant Professor Shepardson, Congregation Hall, Haskell.Friday, September 8.Chapel-Assembly : Divinity School. — Chapel, CobbHall, 10:30 a.m.Material for the UNIVERSITY EBGOED must be sent to the Office of Information by THURSDAY,8: 30 A.M., in order to be published in the issue of the same week.