i Watergate Issuet - . y - -f Chicago Literary Review PulloutThe Chicago MaroonVolume 81, Number 60 The University of Chicago Friday, June 1, 1973Daniel X FreedmanWatergate and the Nixon game plan:he should have been more vigilantInterviewed by MARK GRUENBERGThe following are the opinions given by Dr Daniel XFreedman to the Maroon. Dr Freedman is chairmanof the department of psychiatry at the University.“To be blunt about it,” said Dr Daniel Freedman,“the administration works in the shadow of its leader,and political compromise was not its ruling metaphor.It was ‘How do they win the Super Bowl?”If you put political commissars into HEW (thedepartment of Health, Education and Welfare), youcan’t give honest opinions without the fear ofreprisals—you are not only starting a process but youare creating frightened puppets to respond to everymessage from the central management,” he ex¬claimed.“It is obvious to me that they (the presidential aidesw'ho were implicated in the Watergate scandal)distrust the political process, not only in elections butwith respect to their philosophies, programs andslogans. Put into practice or exposed as to con¬sequences, would such programs ‘win’ public orCongressional approval after open debate? I assumethey fear they are a minority with minority views andcould not win in open debate. So they must distrustagencies, Congress and others or achieve their aimscovertly or allow for not always winning.“That such distrust of others can be a mirror imageof their own behavior and intentions is distinctlypossible,” he continued. “It is a frequently en¬countered mental mechanism known as ‘projec¬tion.’ ”Freedman attributed this distrust on the part of thepresidential aides to their intense devotion to oneparticular cause—the re-election of the president.“It strikes me that this group of White House aideshad a different agenda and different priorities thanthe people they were negotiating with.“Their agenda was so primarily to re-elect thepresident that the normal political process of give andtake between the White House and the bureaucracy,between the White House and the Congress, betweenthe White House and the agencies and between theWhite House and outside groups just engendered theirmistrust.“This administration did mistrust their agenciesand began to politicize them to a degree greater thanany since the days of Andrew Jackson.” He cited as anexample the use of the FBI under then-acting directorL Patrick Gray III.“Given all these trends (including the burgeoning ofthe bureaucracy) and the philosophy that systemsmanagers can run anything without knowledge andthe overemphasis on image and advertising—giventhe trends, it all ought to hang together.”There are always political balances,” he noted.“There are some rules. And a shrewd politician knowswhen the whole matter is hocus-pocus.”Yet the system seems to have been unbalanced, andFreedman observed that it had become unbalanced ina peculiar way. “Whether we like it or not, we do needcompetent people in positions of power, even thoughthey do trip up the intent of Presidential policysometimes. And when you have a situation wheremembers of the Cabinet both distrusted the peopleunder them and were not listened to by the peopleabove them, how can you get the business of governingdone in an ‘atmosphere of trust?’; • ‘' • 111 ’ I * ■:; s}; f h i ’: 13 r “To return to the football analogy, the problem withhaving a power base of White House aides is that thereferee is sitting way back in the grandstand. As aresult the White House aides have an enormousamount of room for maneuver.”“These people,” he emphasized, “were not in¬structed to engage in the political process in a con¬structive way. Maybe that’s why Richard Nixon hadbad relations with Congress,” a phenomenonFreedman said he observed each time he was called toCapitol Hill to testify on drug legislation.Freedman felt that although many of the WhiteHouse aides implicated in the Watergate affair hadcome from advertising agencies, that fact did not haveany direct influence on why they involved themselvesin questionable political practices.McCORD: Convicted Watergate conspirator James Mc¬Cord shows a Senate committee how to bug atelephone. AP Wirephoto.“The profession does deal with the manipulation ofimages,” he conceded. “The images can be detachedfrom the substance of the matter for the ultimatepurpose of selling the product or the idea, which issomewhat different from letting the idea stand on itsown two feet.”As to whether Watergate was not such a high-riskaffair that even men like Haldeman, Ehrlichman andDean might be a little dubious about participating init, he answered, “Advertising is a high-risk business.The pressure is great. Madison Avenue and its imagesimmediately come to mind. I know a lot of advertisingpeople and I have no trouble knowing what they standfor personally and that they know how to keep themake-believe in the office.“The habit of planning a campaign using advertis¬ing is an experience where you would have strategy,planning and manipulation as part of the business. But I would suspect that this was an in-group that hadloyalty for the president extending back through otherstruggles. And when you have lost before and are nowon top, you want to cram it all in now that you’ve got it,and that is more to the point than linking an oc¬cupation to a flaw in judgment.”As a result, Freedman commented, “I doubt theyfelt any great unease about what they weredoing—this was a cause. Winning or playing thegame—which ethic does govern?” Freedman asked.“If we are talking about sports values, they aredifferent from those in government. If you listen to themetaphors of football and you are a small group ofpeople who know the right way to do things againstgreat odds—Congress, the rambunctious bureauc¬racy, the American people viewed as children—youcome to the conclusion that your cause is righteous.And that is a trap.“If that is the case, we each need due process of lawand checks and balances to keep us all from fallinginto the trap. Civility denotes community and stan¬dards and that is what was missing” from this groupof White House aides. “The same goes for studentrebels and Kennedy enthusiasts. Each of us requires acheck on the momentum of our crusading fervor.”“One of the checks that could have been there.”Freedman emphasized, “would have been a respectfor the functions of the private sector, a respect for thefunction of the press, a respect for the other sections ofgovernment and a respect for the Congress.”“That is not a pastoral process,” he commented."But there wall be better checks and better govern¬ment.” As an illustration, he added. “I very much hadthis feeling when I watched the Congress in action—Iwould rather be governed by Congressmen than byprofessors. I am afraid of any elite. I am not so surewhat w'ould happen if us know-it-all professors weregiven the levers of power. I have a lot of respect forgood politicians, and my respect is for the necessarycompromises that come out as legislation—it getsshaped into something us diverse people can livewith.”Continuing in the political analysis, he said, “I amnot so sure that it would not have been better forRichard Nixon to feel that it was important to electRepublican governors as well as himself. There wastalent in the Republican party which he did not nur¬ture, considering what the political process ought tobe."In specific issues, it would be far healthier to say,"1 want to spend money for bombing Cambodia, andnot spend it on educational quality, rather than theflim-flam we have heard which makes an issue hard tofind. He (Nixon) ought to say ‘The mentally ill needless care’ rather than play the New Federalism gamewhich I characterized as less accountibility and morepower to the President. That’s the way I read thetrend.”"I have often had the image,” he mused, “of thevandals who came into possession of Rome’streasures and turn their attention to the momentaryglitter, and are not worried about what they leavebehind.”In conclusion he emphasized, “The main moral ofthe Watergate is that it is the job of the President tostand for something more important than even hisspecific programs. That is the way 1 read thismess—he says he should have been more vigilant andI say so as well.”>THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO CAMPUS BUS SERVICESUMMER 1973 (Effective June 11, 1973 through September 14, 1973)Buses are clearly identified by a sign reading "CAMPUS BUS." Upon signal from a patron. Buses will operate as stated below, Monday through Friday, except on official University holidays,buses will stop to take on or discharge passengers at any intersection or University Building. 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L V.ILLES, Oir»cta.', riant Optroticni2 - The Chicago Maroon - Friday, June 1, 1973Ira KipnisImpeachment should prove difficultInterviewed by TIMOTHY D RUDYThe President, Vice President and all civil Officers ofthe United States, shall be removed from Office onImpeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason,Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.Article 2, section 4,United States ConstitutionImpeachment is “the only method given in theConstitution for removing civil officers,” according toIra Kipnis, an attorney and associate professor in thesocial sciences, who teaches a two-quarter course inConstitutional History at the University.Commenting on the Watergate affair, Kipnis saidthat “It does not seem like President Nixon can beimpeached ... I do not think he can be successfullyimpeached, unless it can be shown he is guilty of anindictable offense, like obstruction of justice or con¬spiracy to obstruct justice.” Kipnis feels that it will bedifficult to get evidence to find the President guiltyunless Mitchell, Haldeman, Ehrlichman confess andimplicate the President in their confessions.Kipnis is unsure what the members of Congress arelikely to think the Constitution means in connectionwith Watergate. He feels that a majority may holdmisconduct in office an impeachable offense, butdoubts that two-thirds would hold this view. Hebelieves failure to control the operations of theexecutive branch (breaking and entering, wiretap¬ping, bugging, and other espionage) constitutemisconduct.The professor holds that impeachment todaydepends on an indictable offense. He also stressed thatprosecutors can pick up a maximum vote on an in¬dictable offense rather than a misconduct charge orbeing politically out-of-step.Kipnis noted that the doctrine of separation ofpowers relates to the performance of governmentfunctions, but is “being used to prevent one branch ofgovernment from investigating into the possibleillegal actions of another.” Kipnis further stated thathe cannot see how anyone would construe the re-election of the President as “a function of the govern¬ment.”Speaking of the recent disclosures of questionableand illegal activities by the White House in the area ofdomestic intelligence, the professor said a citizen“should not expect too much from President Nixon asa lawyer, no matter what his qualities are as aPresident.”Kipnis told the Maroon that the fundamentalquestion concerning impeachment is “what are thehigh crimes and misdemeanors for which a civil of¬ficer can be impeached?” There are essentially threepositions that have been taken on the nature of animpeachable offense.The Constitution specifies treason, bribery, andother high crimes and misdemeanors, but theprofessor does not think “anyone knows what theConstitution means” on this issue.One possibility is that impeachment must be basedon an indictable offense. This could be a rather ex¬treme position, though, since “one could impeach acivil officer for spitting on a sidewalk, loitering, etcetera,” since both felonies and misdemeanors arecrimes. This position can be modified, however, byonly including under impeachment offenses moreserious than misdemeanors, but not felonies. Theproblem, according to Kipnis, is that “nobody knowswhat was intended” and if the above position is taken“then there are virtually no provisions in the Con¬stitution for removing civil officers for the way theyconduct themselves in office.” Because both treasonand bribery are serious felonies the professor believesthey are an indication of how serious the nature ofimpeachment is. He also pointed out that use of theterm ‘conviction’ in article two, section four of iheConstitution makes the process sound like a criminaltrial.authorized i —i■sales & service312-mi 3-3113foreign car hospital & clinic, inc,*^5424 south kimbark avenue • Chicago 60615 A second position that has been argued is thatjudges and members of the executive branch of thegovernment “can be impeached if the way they runthe office indicates they are far out of step with publicopinion.”A more moderate position holds that Congressshould be able to impeach for misconduct in officeeven though that conduct is not as serious as an in¬dictable offense. This approach to the question in¬volves more than a difference over how the countryshould be run, but is not based on any alleged criminalactivity.Impeachment is actually a two-part process in¬volving both houses of Congress. The House ofRepresentatives votes the articles of impeachment(the charges) and ordinarily appoints a committee toact as prosecutor for the trial. The House can alsoappoint a special prosecutor. The trial is conducted inthe Senate, which organizes itself as a court and jury.In order to convict, two-thirds of the senators presentmust vote for conviction. (The House can vote im¬peachment resolutions by a simple majority.) In theevent of the impeachment of a president, the ChiefEHRLICHMAN: Resigned presidential aide John DEhrlichman arrives to testify before a speical Senatecommittee. AP Wirephoto.Justice of the Supreme Court must preside at theimpeachment, “whatever that means.”Kipnis explained that the Constitution was not clearon this point, but that at the impeachment trial ofPresident Andrew Johnson the Chief Justice made alldecisions with respect to the admission of evidence,and ruled on points of law and procedure. Since theSenate is organized as a court, the senators could haveoverruled any of the Chief Justice’s decisions, but didnot. The presence of the Chief Justice made the event“more like a criminal trial” than anything else.Jefferson’s Republicans first tried the impeachmentprocess against John Pickering, a federal judge of theDistrict Court of New Hampshire. He was impeachedby the House of Representatives for drunkenness andprofanity on the bench. In spite of the misconductallegations, Kipnis said the reason many wantedPickering removed from the office was because hewas a right-wing Federalist whose “viewpoint was farout-of-line” with the Republican party which won thenational elections in 1800 and would win by an evenlarger margin in 1804. All three positions on im¬peachment were argued at the trial since “his conductTAKCAW-MM DR. A. ZIMBLIRCHINESE-AMERICAN DR. M. MASLOVRESTAURANTSpecializing in syt MonwwtwMCANTONESE AND centocf ItMMAMERICAN DISHES in theOPEN DAILY New Hyde Park11 A.M. TO 8:30 P.M.SUNDAYS AND HOLIDAYS Shopping Center12 TO 8:30 P.M.Or«j«r« to taka out 15106.55th St.1318 lost 63rd MU 4-1062 363-6363 on the bench left a great deal to be desired by anystandard.” No precedent on the impeachment processwas established, though. Evidence was developed andaccepted during the proceeding that Pickering wasinsane. He was convicted and removed from thebench.Samuel Chase, an Associate Justice of the UnitedStates Supreme Court, was impeached, at this sametime in history, by Jeffersonian Republicans. Therewere essentially two charges against him, the firstconcerning his conduct on the bench during theSedition trials of 1800. He was charged withprejudicial behavior, showing hostility towarddefendants, and deciding law before counsel could beheard. His conduct had been so bad, defense attorneyshad even refused to participate at one point.The second charge related to a “political lecture” hegave to a Baltimore grand jury while acting in hiscapacity as a circuit judge for Maryland. He told thegrand jury Republican principles would destroy thecountry and bring about “mobocracy” (mob rule) andcomplained of judicial legislation passed by Congress.These charges did not fall in the indictable offensescategory. The impeachment was almost successful,but fell four votes short. It was at this time that ChiefJustice John Marshall wrote a letter to Chasesuggesting a possible ‘deal’ — to have Congressdiscontinue the impeachment process against federaljudges, but be allowed to repass a law the SupremeCourt had previously declared unconstitutional. Thisrepassage would make the law constitutional. Kipnissaid he does not know whether Marshall was thinkingof a constitutional amendment or some political deal.He finds it significant of Marshall’s true devotion tojudicial review (the power of the federal courts todeclare acts of Congress and of state legislaturesunconstitutional) since the chief justice wrote theletter only a year and a half after declaring part of theJudiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional in Marbury vMadison (1803).Andrew Johnson was the only president thus far tohave been impeached. “Clearly, he and the RadicalRepublicans had very great differences as to thenature of Reconstruction. ” Johnson was charged with,among other things, breaching the Tenure of OfficeAct and the Army Appropriation Act of 1867. TheTenure of Office Act provided that the removal of anofficial appointed by the president could not becomeeffective until the Senate confirmed a successor.Johnson removed Edwin Stanton as Secretary of Warand named General Grant as his successor. The ArmyAppropriation Act requires the President to give allorders to the army through the General of the Army.The vote on conviction fell one vote short on one of thecounts. Johnson rested his defense on his belief theTenure of Office Act was unconstitutional.The issue of the nature of impeachment was notdecided by the Johnson case, either. “We still do notknow',” Kipnis concluded, “what would have been thecase if he (Johnson) had actually violated a validstatute.”The impeachment process is a “rather awkwardway and a very difficult one to remove officers of thegovernment who are unsatisfactory for any reason.”Kipnis says this means that “in a sense” the presidentis free to be “irresponsible unless he commits someserious crime or, perhaps, loses control of theSenate.”The process was developed in England to removemembers of the government, but was not used againstthe executive (the king). Kipnis believes it is “hard tomake any sense of it (impeachment) compared to theEnglish system.” Government in England is not basedon the separation of powers, but is a parliamentarysystem. A majority, by a vote of no-confidence, canremove the government. There is no way to removethe president from office and Kipnis believes this was“intentional” in the part of the Constitution’s framers.Friday, June 1, 1973 - The Chicago Maroon - 3— William H McNeillPolitics of fear: the conspiratorstried to domesticate the cold warThe clique in the White House around MssrsHaldeman and Ehrlichman apparently usedtechniques of international espionage and subversionwithin the borders of the United States and againstAmerican citizens in order to forward the cause ofPresident Nixon's reelection.Two questions seem important to me in this con¬nection. First, how effective was such conduct? Didthe collapse of Senator Muskie’s campaign arise inany significant measure from this kind ofmanipulation masterminded from the Republicanside? Was McGovern Nixon’s and Haldeman’s choiceas Democratic candidate? Did the sweeping victoryNixon won depend on or arise out of such tactics? Agood many people close to President Nixon—andperhaps the President himself—clearly thought thatsuch dirty tricks were worthwhile. On the other hand,'he principal aggrieved parties. Senators Muskie andHumphrey, have not been notably vehement in theircomplaints, and Senator McGovern, too, has saidremarkably little that reached the news media.Obviously, the facts are not yet known and muchwill never be made public. But the real importance ofthe Watergate affair will turn in large part on whatpolitical entrepeneurs and managers know and/orbelieve about the usefulness of these tactics. Legal prohibitions and requirements about reportingcampaign expenditures etc can have only modesteffect if the men running our national political affairsreally think that victory and defeat hang upon suchconduct. If espionage and subversion really work,then it seems safe to predict that ways around orthrough any or all laws will surely be found in thefuture as was so obviously the case in 1972. In such anevent, the future of anything resembling genuinelydemocratic government in this republic is dim. Wewill move ahead rapidly towards a more perfectconvergence with the Russian model of politics.If, on theother hand, the illegal activity organized anddirected by the White House clique did not make muchdifference in the outcome of the election and will nowcost its perpetrators dear through the legalprocedures of the courts of the land, then perhaps theeffort to domesticate the Cold War and turn theorganized instruments of subversion againstAmericans will diminish in importance in time tocome, and old-fashioned and conventional and legallimits on the domestic political process will be morenearly observed.The other important question in connection with therevelations of Watergate is this: What, if anything,can ordinary persons do to make the second outcome more likely? It seems clear that the men whoorganized and engaged in illegal burglary andespionage justified their acts to themselves and to oneanother by asserting they were fighting fire with fire.Others had begun subversion: they were merelyseeking to counter it. Such attitudes arise from fear:the belief that others within the country are hostile,determined to get you, by fair means or foul, andcannot be trusted to obey the law.The way to resist such attitudes is not to share them.In many human encounters, even a single person’sstraightforward openness can tip the balance,diminish suspicion, decrease fears. If enough personsbehave in such ways, even and especially in dealingwith those of different ways of life and opinion, theAmerican public will become more resistant to fear-mongers and manipulators of every stripe and make itmore likely that our future in politics will revolvearound public issues, openly presented. Secretmanuevers, plotted and executed outside the law, willthen become less effective than perhaps they were in1972.By comparison with these two questions, the detailsof who did what, or knew about what, seem trifling,however engrossing they have become and mayremain in weeks ahead.Stanley KatzCleaning the infection at its roots-Interviewed by LISA CAPELLStanley Katz, although a professor at the LawSchool, is also a constitutional historian and it is fromthat perspective that he views the current Watergateaffair.“It’s incredible. It (the Watergate embroglio)reminds me of both the English revolution and theAmerican revolution conceptually. The problem ist hat so far we are confronted with a government whichhas violated fundamental human rights. But we arealso at the point where a sense of grievance hasbecome more and more profound. At this time theblame is attached to the government where theEnglish blamed their ministers,” he stated in a recentinterview.In the 1760's and 1770’s the criticism of the ministersinstead of the king was based on two fundamentalconcepts. The first, according to Katz, was the desirenot to undermine the whole system of government.Subsidiary considerations were: the King can do notwrong, and criticism should be confined to the func¬tionaries who are directly responsible for themisdeeds.The second fundamental belief was that one couldnot believe the supreme figurehead of the country wasparty to scandal. For Katz the American Declarationof Independence was revolutionary because it wasdirected toward the King himself and called the King aparty to misdeeds. “The revolutionaries decided thatbecause things were so bad that the problem wasinherent within the system. The remedy could befound only by criticizing the King,” stated Katz.“The jibes toward King Richard are very much tothe point .’’ continued Katz. However he feels they area bit misplaced. The major difference between theAmerican revolution and the present is that “thecolonists did not have available effective con¬stitutional modi ' <•; u dross. Now one doesn't have tofear to critici/e 'he K ng for we do have devices forredress.” h-. . v •«Katz feels • :>"u!d rot he a victim of 17th and 18thcentury tradm. . ten there are several lessons to bemimi ' ~'UMTMNJ&UHK |Clinic in Chicago area. 1 tc |24 weak pregnancies ter-f | 1460 E. 53rdminatad, by licensed ob-. | Istefrician gynecologist.| , Ml 3-2800 I■ Quick services will be J |ISSTA^SSSS *“♦ I FAST DELIVERY l24 HOUR SERVICE I | » KIEV Dlf'l^i ID !| (216)291-6060 J ^ AND PICKUP j4 - The Chicago Maroon - Friday, June 1, 19731 PIZZA: PLATTER gained from America’s revolutionary experience. Thefirst is “merely by criticizing the functionaries onecould not reach the roots of the problem. As therevolution’s leaders discovered one must ultimatelyclean the infection from the roots.”One other analogous feature is that in the 18thcentury the fundamental principles of politics wereseen as being subverted. The main concern ofAmerica then was liberty. In light of this, the messageof the American revolution for Katz is that “govern¬ment had to be carefully constructed and limited toprotect liberties.”Considering the implications of the Watergate crisisfor political principles Katz feels that a comparisonwith the Teapot Dome scandal is inaccurate. In thatparticular instance “people were abusing politicalpower for its own sake.” The nature of the Watergatecorruption is such that Katz feels if it isn’t checked thenature of the whole political system is placed injeopardy.Katz feels that “it (Watergate) is one of the greatconstitutional crisis in all American history.” What isimportant structurally is that “this represents the endof the road for the centralization of power in theexecutive branch.”Katz traces this inpet us towards centralization toHerbert Hoover. However the current morass is “aperversion of Hoover’s ideas of efficiency of govern¬ment as reflected from his experience as Secretary ofCommerce, President, and chairman of numerouscommissions.” The concept of centralization andenlargement of government and of the growth offederal power continued to be sustained from FranklinRoosevelt’s presidency on.However, Katz teels that Watergate and the type ofmen who run the White House is a unique historicalphenomena. “In the context of the Indo-China war theatmosphere in which all this is carried on, thegovernment for close to 10 years has pursued at greatexpense and life a policy it thought was correctagainst a popular will. The ends become so great thata gap was created between popular principle and9 AM -9 PM 7 Days A WeekHYDE PARK PIPE AND TOBACCO SHOP.1552 E. 53rd - under 1C tracks //All students get 10% fask for "Big Jim ' 'C JPipes Imported CigarettesPipe Tobaccos Cigars government purpose and it became impossibly large,therefore the government (in defense) becamearrogant,” surmised Katz. This arrogance was adisdain for popular opinion. And for Katz, the Vietnamwar created the moral climate for this arrogance to beencouraged.Returning to a discussion of the constitutionalmechanisms that exist to deal with the situation Katzdoes not dismiss impeachment. “I think it is notinappropriate to consider it. One shouldn’t shirk fromit if investigations show executive involvement.”For Katz though, the evidence need not be of thecriminal nature. “Even if it is only true that all threseactions are attributable to Haldeman and Ehrlich¬man, that’s enough.” The President is culpable “if hepersonally delegated power to men who are soculpable, for as a matter of law they are his agentsand he is morally and technically responsible.”Katz strongly suspects that President Nixon hadknowledge of the bugging. “These are handpickedmen, men to whom Nixon is very close to and are alsoconnected with other shady political practices (the1962 gubernatorial campaign). Also Nixon prideshimself on control in government. And when the At¬torney General and the two men who are Nixon’sclosest associates in government were up to their earsin this mess it must be a little incredible thatsomething did not come to his ears.”But “we are dealing with people who are zealots andwho expect to take the rap. The frightening thing isthat the President admires them for their com¬mitment to what he sees as admirable ideals and theirzealousness.”As an aside Katz commented “there is alot to be saidfor the elective process for none of these men(Haldemen, Ehrlichman and other White House staffmembers) have ever held office.”In conclusion, Katz feels that a President shouldhave a wide latitude of choice for his advisors howeverNixon “shows incredibly bad personal judgment. Hehas the right to select them but we have the right tohold him responsible for their misdeeds.”HAVILL’SRADIO, TELEVISION& HIGH FIDELITYSALES SERVK E & ACCESSORIES/rnilh — ltununonn-lhistvru ork — kl.ll1388 L 53rd, Citicago 60815 • PL 2-780045 Years Serving Hyde ParkRichard LevinsA crisis in constitutional historyFrom the left: the issue is freedomSENATE COMMITTEE: Members of the Senate investigating committee listen to testimony from conspiratorMcCord. Wide World Photos.It is easy to become completely absorbed in the finedetails of the Watergate events. There is the enormityof the operation, the levels of it and its cover-up as oneafter another of the excuses become “inoperative”.There is the Watergate cartoon as an emergent artform, the flashes of insight into the mentality of thenew man created by the fusion of vicious ends withsophisticated technique, the childlike pleasure ofseeing the bastards caught. But the carnival at¬mosphere is insidious: it obscures the broader contextin the rich details and in the end is an accomplice to adeeper cover-up.The issue at Watergate is not corruption but thedecline of political freedom in the United States overthe last quarter century.The United States emerged from World War II withthe prospects before it of the American Century, ofworld empire, and with the possibility of revolutionsthreatening this dream. The central political problemwhich faced corporate America—the real if not easilydelimited ruling class—was the mobilization of all itsown best talent for the singleminded concentration onits new tasks and the uniting of the country behind thenew goals through ideological manipulation andrepression of dissent.The democratic ideology of the war years was anobstacle to this program, which increasingly relied ondirty tricks and tyrannical rulers. This ideology wasbypassed through the strident anticommunism of theCold War. At the same time, the modern corporationrather than the town meeting became the model forpolitical life and the cynical idiom of cost-benefitanalysis replaced discussion of principles in decision¬making. Thus for example, when John F Kennedy andhis aides were trying to decide how much overt US airand naval support should be used in the invasion ofCuba, debate centered on the balancing of politicalrisks from too open an involvement and mititary risksfrom too weak a deployment. The same ad¬ministration was the first to acknowledge themanagement of news as part of the government’sarsenal.But a ruling class is not a formal organization or aconspiracy. It did not have a complete blueprint forcarrying out its program of repression at homealthough the main attitude wqs clear: democracy forthe rulers; obedience for the ruled; freedom withinthe system, oppression outside. The details wereevolved gradually, with much experimentation,selection, institutionalization, and rejection of par¬ticular techniques of control: political trials,congressional hearings, police and FBI intimidationand surveillance, political firings, deportation of theforeign-born, antilabor legislation, loyalty oaths,purges of books, private patrioteering organizations,mob action, conspiracy charges and criminal frame-up.Of special relevance to our consideration of Watergate is the relation between the fully in¬stitutionalized, well-programmed and carefullymodulated organs of professionalized repression andthe various semi-amateur careerists and amateur“patriots”. The institutionalized repression createdthe legitimacy for the amateurs, who might bereproached at most for excessive zeal; the amateursran interference for the pros, who followed to stan¬dardize the erratic persecutions of the local zealots;the pros leaked information to the semi-pro in¬vestigating committees and often relied on privategroups and individuals to carry out reprisals whichwere not yet legal. Thus for example in my first in¬terview with the House Un-American ActivitiesCommittee, a former FBI agent with the committeeannounced, “I see you are finishing your thesis. Itwould be a pity to ruin such a promising career beforeit gets started, eh?” And he went on to show how otherunfriendly witnesses met various misfortunes.But the professional and amateur modes ofrepression also conflict. Amateurs are sometimescareless in preparing their cases, and embarass thewhole principle of political repression. Or the overtracism or personal careerism is damaging. Theconflict reaches its heights when careerists turnweapons developed for use against captialism’s classenemies into weapons for use in battles within thatclass.Then the famous system of checks and balancesmoves into operation. And non-partisan aristocratsare recruited from Harvard Law School and similarbastions to serve notice that class shall prevail overparty. This is not a trivial event. The checks andbalances show remarkable strength. But they don’trise to the challenge when my phone is tapped or whenAngela Davis is framed. It should justly cause satisfaction, but not a celebration of freedoms we donot all possess.This interpretation helps explain what seemed likean anamoly—the Nixon gang's resorting to extreme,extraordinary measures that weren't really needed.In fact these measures are not extraordinary. Theyare a standard operating procedure although shiftedto a more powerful target.Watergate is at the same time a logical outcome andan idiosyncratic side effect of the development of theUS as world policeman. If we allow the concern tolimit itself to the idiosyncratic, individuals may bediscredited or even jailed and Nixon might even fallbecause of one of his minor crimes. We will end uphaving slowed the erosion of freedom and in nationalcelebration of the strength of checks and balances.But what is called for is not celebration but far-reaching national self-criticism which makes clearthat the electric battlefield on the Potomac arises inthe Mekong. The technocratic expertise and cynicismwhich is created by the needs of empire mustnecessarily see the people's rights as unnecessaryobstacles to efficiency, and public opinion os an ad¬ditional parameter to manipulate. Finally, the steadyinstitutionalized repression creates the adventurerswho build their careers on “national security” andprovides them with the opportunities to use in¬struments of class rule for the ends of a faction.Only by placing Watergate in the broadest contextcan we make the expose serve as more than a mediumsize rearguard action slowing the descent intotechnocratic authoritarianism. Perhaps the mostuseful response to Watergate would be to open a re¬examination of the state of our own freedoms andinvestigate the dimensions of political repressivenesson our own turf.■■mi^Maynard KruegerWatergate shows Nixon’s aides and techniqueshave not changed much from 1946 to presentA few weeks ago I said to a colleague who is still afriend of mine, “The man you voted against last fallhasn’t been doing as much harm lately as the man Ivoted against.” “Of course,” he replied real quick¬like, being a political scientist, “Naturally ! The manyou voted against was elected!”I trust that some of my fellow-commentators willtell you all about the deep underlying social causesfrom which sprang Watergate and its cover-up. Andothers will surely tell you about possibly fortunate fall¬out-vindication of free press and independentjudiciary and redress of constitutional balance. ButWatergate has done something for me which you willnot know about unless I tell you myself. So let me tellyou.I was there in Whittier in 1946 when Mr Nixon, an¬swering an ad for a Republican candidate forCongress, successfully campaigned to eliminate JerryVoorhis, one of the best. Then I went back every twoyears for a while to try to help cut him down beforethings got out of hand. But I learned next to nothing new about Nixon campaign methods after that firsttime. The techniques were almost all there alreadythen, and so were several of the individuals whosenames have recently become known to all.Those campaign techniques and those personsmatched each other then as they do now They showedus what great things could be done by ambition backedby a profound disrespect for law, by energy coupled toa willingness to pollute the basic political processes.Nothing has since been added except more money,more power, and more recruiting capacity. Theseadditions have not caused; they have merelymagnified.In eight years as Vice-President he acquired somepolish, then showed in 1962 that there had been nochange in techniques or in preferred personnel. Thenfor six years there was quiet. Talk of a new Nixonbegan to be heard. Now I don’t like to deny the hopethat lies in redeemability of human nature. Onestudent generation succeeds another every four years,and there is little collective memory. So there came a time when, in residence hall conversation, the viewthat there was no new Nixon was ill-received by thosemore up-to-date than I. or more generous in judgmentof character, or more kind to sinneis. A relic of the oldleft, mouthing irrelevant testimony, simply stops timefrom marching on. and the important thing was tohijack a building and trade it for a high principle, andHumphrey was as bad as Nixon anyhowNow the whole fraud blows up in his face and ours. Ishall not say I told you so. There were a few years inthere when I didn't. I got lazy in the face of disbelief,and eased off. I regret that.But I do now want to make one thing perfectly clearI expect vou-all to mourn corruption and regretdamage to prestige abroad and keep the country’going, while I for yet a while longer purely enjoywatching the grinding of the processes of condignpunishment. If in these latter days I am required tospend eight years under Nixon, don't you think I amentitled to something? You do vour pari and I ll domine.Friday, June 1, 1973 - The Chicago Maroon - 5—— James ViceFull Watergate disclosuresneeded before impeachmentCLASSIC GUITAR FORUMTo be conducted byMR. JACK CECCHINIJuly 22 - Aug. 5At George Williams College CampLake Geneva, WisconsinFor registration and information call939-4557ATTENTION6RAD STUDENTS!Loan applications for 1973-74are now available in Adm. 231Please Pickup Immediately!Deadline for Summer Loan Applicationsis Friday June 22SPECIAL©DISCOUNT PRICES© FOR ALLm STUDENTS &FACULTY MENDERSAs Students or Faculty Membersof the University of Chicago youare entitled to special moneysaving discount prices on allVolkswagen Service Work, allVolkswagen Parts, Accessoriesand any new or used Volkswagenyou buy from Volkswagen SouthShore.Upon presentation of your Univer¬sity of Chicago Identification card,our employees will show youregular price and your specialdiscount price of whatever youbuy.Remember, Volkswagen SouthShore is the closest factoryauthorized full service dealer inyour area. Our Parts Departmentis open Saturday 9 AM to 12noon.We re near the 1C or can offer youShuttle Bus Service. Some people are already campaigning to impeachMr Nixon. Others say we should avoid, if at all possi¬ble, finding out whether Mr Nixon was involved inthe planning or cover-up of “Watergate” for fear theoffice and powers of the Presidency will be seriouslydamaged.Both approaches seem to me unwise.Impeachment proceedings are surely too painfuland divisive to undergo unless they are absolutelynecessary. Initiating them prematurely — before theevidence is overwhelmingly obvious — would in allprobability create a groundswell of support for MrNixon that would only divide the country and probablyeventually frustrate the proceedings. We should nottry to pick this fruit prematurely. We should let itripen until it is ready to fall.The opposite proposal, that we should excuse theactions of a man because of his exalted position, issurely far more corrupting to our political way of lifethan holding that man accountable through im¬peachment proceedings would be. The holding ofpower is no justification for its misuse, and we do notrespect our institutions by accepting their misuse.Our responsibility as citizens is to seek and to expectthe full and fair disclosure of the whole business —including Mr. Nixon’s involvement, if any. If theevidence of Mr. Nixon’s involvement is clear, theCongress should proceed with impeachment.Too often, we separate justice and politics. To do soin the case of the highest office in the land is todamage both justice and politics, perhaps fatally. Weshould neither withhold nor set in motion the ultimatepolitical penalty of our system, impeachment, formerely partisan motives — because we like or dislikeBy MARKGRUENBERGThere are so many people involved, in so manynumerous ways, that you can’t tell the players in theWatergate hearings without a scorecard. Therefore,as a public service, the Maroon presents you with thefollowing scorecard of who was who in the Watergateaffair.H R (BOB) HALDEMAN was formerly thepresident’s chief of staff, and virtually the secondmost powerful man in the United States government.He also appears to have engineered the attemptedcover-up of who was involved in the Watergate affair.JOHN EHRLICHMAN was the president’s domesticaffairs advisor. He, Haldeman, communications chiefHerb Kleindeinst and press secretary Ron Zieglerwere those whom critics derisively referred to as“Nixon’s German Mafia.” He also helped to engineerthe cover-up, including apparently telling thepresident that an in-house investigation by then-presidential counsel John Dean cleared everyone“presently employed” from guilt. Dean now claims henever made the investigation.JOHN DEAN, former counsel to the President, wasassigned to oversee the in-house investigation of lastAugust which found that “nobody presently em¬ployed” had anything to do with the Watergate affair.When the roof fell in, he was implicated as one of thosewho helped to plan the actual bugging operation.Vowing he “would not be made a scapegoat,” hethreatens to go before the grand jury and the Senatecommittee and tell further details.JOHN MITCHELL, the former attorney general,has been implicated as one of those who sat in onmeetings where the actual bugging and surveillanceoperations were planned. The former director of theCommittee to Re-elect the President, he was recentlyindicted on 16 counts of perjury and other offenses inconnection with $200,000 in illegal campaign con¬tributions from stock manipulator Robert Vesco.Mitchell said first that he had never participated inany meetings concerning campaign espionage andsabotage, later changed his story to read that althoughhe had sat in on three meetings in his official capacityas campaign director, he had vetoed the espionageplans. One significant note: two of the meetings headmitted attending occurred while he was still at¬torney general.RICHARD KLEINDEINST, also a former attorneygeneral. He was not accused of any wrongdoing, butresigned when he realized that his effectiveness in hispost would be compormised by doubts people wouldhave when he attempted to investigate his formerfriends and colleagues, Mitchell, Dean and Haldeman.JEB STUART MAC RUDER, the University ofChicago’s contribution to the Watergate affair, servedas first acting director and then deputy director of the Mr Nixon.I do not mean to imply that we should not berealistic. It seems to me (in the capacity of observerrather than citizen) that the Nixon administration is“dead.” Surely neither presidential explanations norexecutive branch shuffling can sustain life in thispresidential term. The most recent polls may stillshow forty-five per cent of the populace “thinking thePresident is doing a good job” ; but Nixon leadershipwithin the government, including the executivebranch, must be near zero.So much of the textbook literature in recent decadeshas emphasized the central position of executiveleadership that it may seem hard to many even tocontemplate the possibility of the country operatingwithout executive primacy. We have spent so manyyears living with “charismatic leadership” or at least“technical political know-how” in the White House,that it may be hard to remember that we are not, afterall, living in a monarchy.Neither is the aristocracy of the bench reassuring atpresent. The Burger Court is not a promising sourcefor initiative.It looks as though we shall have to live withCongress for a while. We shall perforce be driven backto the old but not necessarily unappealing view thatthe legislative branch is the primary medium for theformulation and enactment of public policy. It will bean encouraging sign if more of the “best minds” beginto spend more of their time and thought on thelegislature and on legislative proposals — if more ofour top law school graduates, for example, seek ex¬perience as legislative aides instead of automaticallypreferring to clerk for a judge or Justice.You can’t telwithout aCommittee to Re-elect the President. He is followingDean’s course in going before the grand jury and thesenators with promises to implicate higher-up of¬ficials.SALLY HARMONY, secretary to Liddy at theCommittee to Re-elect the President, typed up whatwas sent to her from Baldwin and distributed it toLiddy, Hunt and Mitchell, among others.GERALD ALCH, McCord’s lawyer at the time of thetrial, tried, according to McCord, to get him to pleadthat the Watergate affair was run by the CIA. He alsourged McCord to plead guilty and wait for executiveclemency. McCord fired him, now has another at¬torney.G GORDON LIDDY, former counsel to the FinanceCommittee of the Committee to Re-elect thePresident, was alleged to have been the man who drewup the actual plans for the bugging operation and thenpresented them at three meetings to Mitchell, Dean,and E Howard Hunt.MAURICE STANS, former chairman of theFinance Committee of the Committee to Re-elect thePresident and former Secretary of Commerce. He,along with Mitchell, Vesco and a local New Jerseypolitician, has been indicted on 16 counts by the grandjury in New York. Through him funneled the $25,000from Minnesota banker Duane Andreas which waslater found in the bank account of one of the Watergatewiretappers, Bernard Barker. Through him alsoflowed another $89,000 in ‘laundered’ money fromMexico which turned up in Barker’s account. Mostimportantly, he, Mitchell and others had control overa safe in the Re-election committee’s offices—a safewhich contained $900,000 in unreported contributionsand which provided the money for the originalburglars and provided the money to buy the silence ofsome of them at the trial.CHARLES L (CHUCK) COLSON, former specialcounsel to the President, was in charge of the politicalaffairs section of the White House staff. Through him,to Haldeman, reports of all campaign activitiesflowed.JUDGE JOHN J SIRICA, US District court judge forthp District of rnlwnbia, was the trial judge at thetrial of the original seven Watergate defendants. Hisrepeated questioning and intimations that the whole6 - Th# Chkogo Maroon - Friday, Jon# 1,1973D Gale JohnsonWatergate scandal might haveserious economic implicationsWhile the long run implications of Watergate toPresident Nixon’s leadership role in economic affairsis as yet uncertain, it is reasonably clear that so longas the numerous investigations continue that his ef¬fectiveness will be adversely affected. The con¬sequences in terms of effective control over thebudget, and thus over inflation and future levels oftaxes, may well be serious. Congress has not been ableto maintain any reasonable semblance of control overtotal expenditures in recent years. It has not beenwilling to make the difficult decisions with respect toreducing expenditures for specific programs andactivities and then has been irritated at the decisionsmade by the President.There are two policy areas in which I have somedegree of knowledge where I think the weakening ofthe position of the Executive relative to the Congressmay have very serious consequences. The two areasare agricultural policy and international trade policy.The President has proposed a quite radical changein national farm policy. In recent years farmers havebeen paid from $3 billion to $4 billion each year todivert part of their cropland. Even this year, whenlittle effective diversion is required, the programs willresult in payments of approximately $3 billion.Somewhat more than half of the payments have beenin excess of the amounts required to induce farmers todivert the amount of land actually required. ThePresident had recommended that the payments overand above the amount that was required to divert landas required for supply management be phased outover a three year period. He had aiso recommendedthat no payments be made unless it were determinedthat land diversion were required to prevent unac¬ceptably low prices. It is highly probable that no such diversion would be required for the next two or threeyears and perhaps not for the foreseeable future.The Senate Committee on Agriculture has paid noattention to the President’s ideas and has recom¬mended to the Senate farm legislation that couldrequire federal expenditures as much as twice those ofrecent years. Further, and perhaps even moredamaging, the favorable adjustments that have beenmade in agriculture over the past decade would belargely undone in a period of three or four years if theproposed legislation becomes law. The House Com-mitte,e on Agriculture has also decided to ignore thePresident’s recommendations and will base its con¬siderations on the proposed Senate legislation. Theleadership in both of the houses of Congress is likely tobe too weak to resist these attempts to curry favorswith various farm groups, including the dairycooperatives.As a result of initiatives taken by President Nixonthere will be a new round of trade negotiations thisyear. In the present highly complex trade situation,successful participation by the United States requiresthat the President have the very broadest possiblymandate for modifying our trade barriers. Thelegislation that has been proposed by the Presidentprovides for broader authority than that given toPresident Kennedy in 1962 though the proposedlegislation provided that Congress could have a vetopower over the agreements reached. In the presentcircumstances it is highly probable that the tradenegotiation authority approved by Congress will be socircumscribed that our chance to accomplishanything of value in the negotiations will be small,indeed.11 the playersscorecardstory was not coming out eventually led to one ofthem—James McCord—standing up and blowing thewhistle on the White House staffers who were part ofthe coverup.FRANK STURGIS, VIRGILIO BONZALEZ,EUGENIO MARTINEZ and BERNARD BARKERwere the “four Cubans” who were arrested withMcCord at the Watergate, June 17, 1972.RUSSELL J SILBERT, assistant US attorney forthe District of Columbia, was the chief prosecutor inthe trial of the Watergate burglars.HUGH SLOAN, JR, former treasurer of the Com¬mittee to Re-elect the President, resigned when herefused to answer FBI questions last July about wherethe money to finance the Watergate affair had comefrom.JAMES McCORD, the man who blew the whistle in aletter to Judge Sirica, was a private security managerand ex-CIA man who had been hired by the Committeeto Re-elect the President as its security director. Hehas since testified before the senate committee andthe grand jury, implicating people like Haldeman,Dean, Magruder, Mitchell, etc. He has also showed thesenate committee how to tap a telephone—and getaway with it.E HOWARD HUNT, sometime presidential “con¬sultant,” was one of those who masterminded theactual bugging operation and espionage activities. Healso hired the men who actually went into theWatergate office complex, provided them with themoney for their efforts in $100 bills and provided themwith aliases for when they were caught—out of hisdetective novels.L PATRICK GRAY III, former FBI director, wasthe first one to implicate Dean in the coverup, thusletting on that the White House was interfering in theoriginal FBI investigation of the Watergate affair.After being accused of burning some relevant filesfrom Hunt’s safe in the Executive Office Building(files containing records of some of Hunt’s previousactivities), he resigned in disgrace from the job asacting director of the FBI.HERBERT KALMBACH, the president’s personalattorney, was given the task of hiring politicalsaboteurs and agents to infiltrate campaigns of thevarans Democratic candidates, using $500,000 from the special safe to do it.ALFRED BALDWIN, prime witness in the actualWatergate trial before Judge Sirica, was the man whosat on the seventh floor of the Howard Johnson’sMotor Inn across Virginia Avenue from the Watergateand monitored the tapped telephones, typing up a logof calls and their topics.JOHN J CAULFIELD and ANTHONYULASEWICZ—two former New York policemen whojoined the Committee to Re-elect the President. Theywere the ones who, carrying orders from White Housecounsel John Dean, attempted to persuade McCord tostay silent. McCord refused.ARCHIBALD COX, Harvard law professor, is thespecial prosecutor appointed by current attorneygeneral Elliot Richardson to investigate theWatergate affair. Though Richardson, underpressure, acceded to the demand that Cox be given fullfreedom and an unlimited amount of funds to in¬vestigate the affair and its subsequent cover-up,doubts persist as to how far he can go before he stepson somebody’s toes and finds himself out of the job.SENATOR SAM J ERVIN (D-NC) is chairman ofthe Senate’s investigating committee, officially knownas the Select Committee to Investigate PresidentialCampaign Practices. All the people mentionedpreviously, with the exceptions of Cox and JudgeSirica, will at one time or another appear before hiscommittee. Ervin, the Senat’s leading constitutionallawyer, is also known as a master at leading witnessesinto a trap.SENATOR HOWARD BAKER (R-TENN) is theranking minority member of the Senate committee.He has been taking pains to point out that most of theevidence that the committee has gathered so far hasbeen hearsay, inadmissible in court.SENATORS HERMAN TALMADGE (D-GA),DANIEL K INOUYE (D-HAWAII), JOSEPH MON¬TOYA (D-NM), ED GURNEY (R-FLA) and LOWELLWEICKER (R-CONN) are the other members of theWatergate committee. The one to keep an eye on isWeicker, who has split openly with the administration,had his own investigation of the affair going, and hasbeen going out on a limb in his public statements,including speaking of impeachment if necessary.RICHARD MILHOUS NIXON, president of theUnited States, and the unseen presence in theWatergate affair. It was his re-election committeewhich dreamed up the sabotage and espionagecampaign; it was his aides who dreamed of thecoverup; and, if we are to believe what he says, it washis top aides who kept him uninformed of what wasgoing on. What was going on, why it was going on, andwhy (or if) the President was kept in the dark are thefacts that the senate committee and the grand juryseek to uncover. MAROON CLASSIFIEDSare the way to move it!DROP OUT OFBROOKLYN COLLEGEENROLL ATHARRADOPENING REMARKSWELCOMING NEW STUDENTS."Now, during this year, you are going to beencouraged to have sexual intimacy as anecessary and good element in the art oflovin9-" ■ mCDean ofHarrad CollegeSTARTS FRIDAY JUNE 1stA miSMIMPORTANT NOTICE CONCBtlYOUR STUDENT HOSPITALIZATIONINSURANCE SUMMER 1973This announcement is directed to those students who nowhave individual hospitalization insurance coverage under theUniversity's Blue Cross/Blue Shield Group Policy #40556 ($15per quarter), and to those with dependents insured (at an ad¬ditional premium) under the University s Group Policy #-40557.Your present policy (or policies) will expire June 30, 1973.unless you renew. You may make arrangements to renewyour coverage for the period July 1, 1973 through September30, 1973 in the following manner:If you plan to register as a student for the SummerQuarter, the required premium of $15 for thesingle student plan will be collected from you atthe time of Summer Quarter registration. The planfor dependents is handled separately by dealingdirectly with the Student Health Service. BillingsOffice, Room 0-104.2.3. If you will not be registered this Summer and areleaving Chicago, you may renew for yourself and.if applicable, your family at the Student Health Ser¬vice (see below).If you will not be registered this Summer but planto remain on the campus or its environs this Sum¬mer and may reasonably expect to utilize BillingsHospital if you become ill, you will be required topay the University's Student Health fee of $25 plusyour hospitalization insurance premium.Arrangements under this option are also handledat the Student Health Service (see below).If your plans bring you under categories 2 or 3 above, ardyou wisn insurance coverage for the Summer, you may makethe necessary arrangements in the Student Health ServiceOffices, Billings Hospital 0-104 any time after May 21 bvt nolator than 10 day* after the beginning of the iiwtneQuarter.To complete your renewal arrangements, Student Health willneed your subscriber number, birth date, and a check madeout to Blue Cross/Blue Shield in the amount of $15 for thesingle student plan, and in the amount of $45 for the sup¬plementary dependents' coverage.Thank You.May 21. 1973 DirectorUniversity Health ServiceFriday, Juna 1* 1973 ~Tha Chicago Maroon-7LETTERS TO THE EDITORWalker repliesAdherence to the basic tenets of respon¬sible journalism normally would haveprompted you to contact me prior to yourpublication deadline for the May 25 editionfor comment on the collection of stories andletters surrounding the two rapes at SnellHall within recent weeks. The fact that youpublished those articles and letters in yourlast news edition for the year is all the morereason that my reaction should have beensought before publication.Since my name appeared prominently inmost of those articles and letters, I thoughtsome clarification of the facts surroundingthe two rapes and the events subsequent tothem is indicated. It is probably too late forthese facts to be published, but I contend thatthose circumstances are your fault becauseyou didn’t seek the truth.The first rape was committed by an. asyet, unidentified person who gained access tothe dormitory by means unknown. A securi¬ty guard was not stationed at the doorway ofSnell because I felt that I had no reason tobelieve that his presence would haveprevented the original assault. It was myjudgment that stationary guards are a poordeterrent for someone who wants to enter abuilding, and I still hold that conviction.The victim of the first assault called myhome when I was alone in the midst of a“feeding crisis” with my two-year-old son. Iasked her to call back the next morning sothat we could talk in relative calm. When shedidn’t call back. I looked up her name in theSecurity Office’s file and called her. Wetalked for a period of twenty minutes, and Ithought we made our respective positionsclear. While one of the functions of my beingon campus twenty-four hours a day is to beavailable to students, there will always betimes when I can’t respond immediately. Iam sure that the first victim understood thatfact, but I guess the writers of the letters andarticles in the Maroon failed to understandthe circumstances surrounding the telephonecall.My office responded to the second rape byposting a security guard and instituting arigid ID and sign-in system in Snell Hall. Ihave no confidence that such a procedure will really solve the problems in Snell. Theguard was posted because he was originallyasked for by the girls in Snell and to deny asecond request would have caused manystudents to conclude that the University wasunwilling to spend money on security.There has never been a dollar amountaffixed to an appropriate level of security inthe University community. Our concern hasalways been the most effective use of theavailable manpower. We took a calculatedrisk when we removed .e officers requiredto guard the Snell door from their regularposts. This was a temporary measure untilmore permanent measures could bedeveloped.The second victim was attacked over anextended period of time (3 am to 3 pm).Terror prevented her from seeking help fromthose around her on two of the occasionswhere she was outside of the sight of herattacker. Two of her floor mates heard herinitial cry at 3 am. These girls looked at eachother and notified no one.I am not at all convinced that an armedguard stationed at the door could haveprevented or interrupted this attack unlesssomeone had taken the responsibility to callfor help. The actions of the floor mates of thesecond victims did not reflect what couldnormally be expected from women living inthe shadow of terror as a result of the firstassault.We are all sorry that both incidents oc¬curred. Because our original concernproduced a security system that wasbreached a second time is no reasonablecriteria for assuming that we weren’t con¬cerned. Rape is a serious crime. We areaware of out responsibilities to our students.Crime can be prevented by people workingtogether, caring for each other, andassuming responsibility. If you have everpropped a door open, sabataged a lock,signed a stranger into the dormitory, orignored an obvious faulty securitymechanism, then your actions have con¬tributed to the security problem we are alltrying to solve. Pointing a finger at someoneelse may temporarily make one feelrighteous; but in the long run, it is an emptygesture.Walter L. WalkerCALENDARFriday, June 1TRAVELOGUE: Exotic wonders of Southeast Asia on film,International House , Home Room, 8 pm, students 50c, IHAmembers 75c, all others SI.COLLOQUIUM: "The Study of Pegmatites," R H Jahns,Hinds Lab auditorium, 3:30 pm.DRAMA: Samuel Beckett's "Endgame," Reynolds' ClubTheater, 8:30 pm, call 753 3581 for reservations. ROCKEFELLER: University Religious Service,"Graduation and Ascension," The Rev W BarnettBlakemore, Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, 11 am.Tuesday, June 5Saturday, June 2 BRIDGE: Ida Noyes, last free instruction 6 pm, duplicatebridge 7 pm, 50c.RECITAL: Organ recital, Edward Mondello, RockefellerMemorial Chapel, 12:15 pm.VIDEO: "Sit In," a docufantasy, Cobb coffee shop, continuous showings from 8 to 10 pm, free.ALUMNI: Reunion night on campus, professional andamateur entertainment, Hutch Court, 8:30 pmENDGAME: Samuel Beckett's absurd drama, Reynolds'Club Theater, performances at 7 and 9:15 pm. Wednesday, June 6RECITAL: Carillon recital, by Robert Lodine, and a tour ofthe Clavier Room, Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, 12:10 pm.Sunday, June 3 Thursday, June 7DRAMA: "Endgame," University Theatre's finaiproduction of the season, Reynolds' Club Theater, 8:30 pm.} (frlHell 'ptvuAt jfi COLLOQUIUM: "How Hot is Hell?" Robert D Carlitz,Eckhart 133, 4:30 pm. 30I1643 E.35TH STREET *♦CHICAGO, ILL. 60615 2♦ Phone: FA 4-1651 g»»»*♦**»****;|StudentDiscountModel 'Camera1342 E. 55th' 493-6700 ;Most complete photc?"shop onSouthSfdo. BudgetRent a RapSERVING HYDE PARK ANDTHE SURROUNDING COMMUNITYH Y 3-17745508 Laka ParkBiiaget rentsGeneral MotorsA other fine cars8 - The Chicago Maroon - Friday, Juno 1, 1973 P.S: Perhaps Ms. Tyler-Schwarz wouldconsent to define what she meant when shegave me-the title “boot-straps person.” Ms.Tyler-Schwartz should also know mydecision to serve as the Resident Master ofBurton-Judson would hardly qualify asmoonlighting.Brickell repliesThe charge in last Friday’s Maroon thatFOTA members might have reaped personalgain from the May 20 concert is patentlyfalse. The suggestion by Mr Zhitnik andsome nameless soul that “scalping” oftickets took place is absurd on the face of it,and untrue.The first allegation is incredible. FOTAcommittee members have donated severalhundred hours during the year to produce thefestival. The proposition that they were in itfor the money is highly irrational. Fur¬thermore, as Student Activities Office booksshow, the gate from the concert was largerthan anticipated. No money from ticket saleswas retained by any individual.Reference to the sale of tickets by FOTAmembers as “scalping” is inaccurate bydefinition, because “scalping” must be doneto reap a profit through speculation andbecause the activity must be conducted byone not affiliated with the sponsoringorganization (or at least by someone actingoutside of an official capacity). To accusethose who establish the official ticket price of“scalping” simply doesn’t make sense.The real complaint appears to be thatFOTA or the FOTA Chairman decided toraise the price of seats when the enormity ofthe demand for seats was discovered. Eventhis complaint is groundless. The price ofseats was never changed. The tickets on saleto people outside the auditorium grantedrights to standing room or floor space, asopposed to general admission seating. Thegood these tickets represented was clearlydistinct from the seats advertised at $1.75,and the price charged for the different goodwas a different price. The fact that this pricewas higher than the price for seats indicatesonly that the price for seats was too low tobegin with, not that FOTA was “ripping offstudents.”In short, what Mr Zhitnik and TheNameless One saw was the officially sanc¬tioned sale of standing room tickets.FOTA CommitteeMonterThe case of Professor Monter has broughtup many important issues of government-academic relations and of civil rights whichthe University community could fruitfullyexamine and debate. In this context, it isparticularly unfortunate that ProfessorWasiolek has chosen to open the discussion atthe lowest possibly level by attacking DrMonter and publicly lying about her com¬petence. The word “lying” is not usedcasually. Professor Wasiolek told reportersthat Dr Monter was simply incompetent andnot up to University of Chicago standardseven though, as a member of her depart¬ment, he knew that to be false. As someone who is familiar with theUniversity’s side of the story, I must tell youthat Dr Monter’s competence and the factthat she is of Chicago calibre have beenrecognized by all parties throughout thecontroversy; they have never been seriouslyquestioned by anyone inside or outside theUniversity Slavic department.The professional judgment of colleaguesconstitutes the main standard of competenceunder these circumstances. Governmentofficials do not directly make suchjudgments by themselves. If the Universityhad been able to present HEW with evidencethat Dr Monter’s colleagues in her fieldgenuinely considered her to be “simplyunqualified” for Chicago, sex discriminationwould have been irrelevant to the case evenif it existed, and no official investigationwould have been pursued. It may seem easyto mislead readers of the Maroon, most ofwhom have no way of knowing the details;but it is significant that no one at theUniversity has even tried to make such aclaim to federal investigators, who hadaccess to all the facts including evaluationsof Dr Monter’s work, made at Chicago andelsewhere.There are many factors which can enter adecision on contract renewal, and a choiceamong highly-qualified individuals can bemade on a variety of legitimate grounds. Indispute here is whether the grounds for thenegative decision on Dr Monter were strictlyprofessional or whether irregular, (andillegal), factors such as sex prejudice wereinvolved. The case does not revolve aroundany question of whether Dr Monter isChicago material; that has already beenestablished and accepted privately byeveryone concerned. For Wasiolek, thecurrent department chairman, to indulge inpersonal spite and lie about it when the casewas made public is an extremely gravematter, not something the rest of theUniversity can brush off as a personalquarrel.I do not know either Dr Monter orProfessor Wasiolek very well personally.Nor do I have a personal interest in defen¬ding or criticizing either of them. I amwriting because I feel we have a crisis herewhich transcends individual personalities, orthe outcome of the Monter case itself. It istrue that the current chairman has neverbeen known to cultivate a reputation forprofessionalism, and his personal conducthas been the subject of campus discussion inthe past, but it has usually been treated as avulgar joke. This incident has gone muchfurther than the others, at least in public. Itis a matter of deepest concern for all of uswho care about ethical standards, who don’twant to see the “community of scholars”turned into a vulgar joke as well. I am one ofthose old-fashioned people who don’t thinkmorality is a matter of whose side you’re on.I hope enough of my fellow scholars willagree with me.Consider the facts. A faculty memberbelieved that her civil rights had beenviolated and that she had a proper legal caseagainst the University; the University of¬ficially disagreed. She submitted hercomplaint to the appropriate governmentagency (which, despite scare stories to theThe Uhivcts/iyCteJfh Uhl on hss• Low cos-f- loans•ConvenienrL savings?C// /v’me£/nfl*yeis.AD BU>Ci , J?rr\. I A.x 3- 3722.LETTERS TO THE EDITORcontrary, has a record of handling such casesvery conservatively). Her departmentcooperated with the investigation andelaborated its own position. The officialinvestigation and elaborated its ownposition. The official investigators upheld thecomplaint and, in a rare move, took directaction in the case, requiring the University totake some compensatory action. Then thestory was announced by the newspaper.Whatever the ultimate resolution of all theissues involved, there can be no justificationfor Wasiolek's malicious reaction to all this— his attempt to destroy Dr Monter’sprofessional reputation by slandering her.Wasiolek’s conduct should be a source ofembarrassment to the entire Universitycommunity. The fact that he felt free toemploy such tactics reflects not only on hisown character, but on the atmosphere inwhich he works. I recall other controversiesof the recent past with considerably morepolitical impact, in which none of thosedirectly involved got down to such a lowlevel. It suggests an unnerving deteriorationin standards here. Perhaps, as some of ourstudents have been trying to tell us, thesestandards never were, not can be, taken tooseriously, a position I am understandablyreluctant to accept. But the fact that no onein his department or the administration has,to my knowledge, repudiated his conduct isat the same time a disgrace and a danger toall of us.I have never been personally involved withMonter and Wasiolek or, for that matter,with any other major controversies oncampus, but I am deeply concerned with theproblems of professional ethics, particularlythat of integrity. We see around us the ar¬tificial attainment of “integrity” throughrationalization, the assertion of status bydemeaning others, the dominance of point¬scoring over authentic debate, the elevationof pettiness to a professional life style.Even worse, we find the easy tolerance ofmalice, particularly when directed at thosewith whom we don’t identify, and, above all,the atrophy of honor as an animating ideal.There are, in any case, a very few in¬dividuals at the University who are com¬pletely familiar with this and who are actingon behalf of all of us. But as an apparentspokesman for the University’s position, thecurrent chairman, Wasiolek, has single-handedly brought the integrity and honor ofour institution into question.I frankly don’t know whether sex prejudiceof a direct or indirect nature was the criticalfactor in Dr Monter’s complicated case.There is a familar danger that those involved must build up a case against the person whoclaimed she was treated unfairly, in theprocess of trying to justify their actiontoward her. It is even possible that, after thefact, some may talk themselves intobelieving she was incompetent, despite thedocumented evidence to the contraryMorally, such people are in the same classwith Wasiolek. There are others I know,however, who are familiar with the case,have never made such absurd accusationsagainst Dr Monter, and honestly dispute herclaim on more subtle grounds. These peoplemust still be concerned with Wasiolek’sbehavior because they have been tarred byit. They must ask themselves, what are theimplications for the University, and for civilrights, if someone who attempts to invokethose rights is so easily subjected to a smearcampaign in retaliation?Hopefully, W’asiolek and University of¬ficials will publicly apologize and set therecord straight, if only to avoid further legaldifficulties for themselves. All of usprofoundly associated with the University ofChicago have a right to insist that higherstandards be upheld, that controversies ofthis sort be carried out on a higher level,without such appalling dishonesty, andwithout attempts by some participants to killoff others.(My name cannot be publishedfor obvious reasons)Ed LeviSUMMEREMPLOYMENT18 Or OverCollege trainedmen and womenwill be consideredto supplement ourpresent staff. Thesepositions are full¬time summer |obs.Searching for ap¬plicants who aredependable andwho are hardworkers. Excellentopportunities fortop earningsduring summer.Can earn*135*175Per WeekBASED ON YOURPRODUCTIVITY(LONG HAIR OKAY)Excellent op-portunitles for ad¬vancement thissummer and maycontinue to work’on a port-time orfull-time basis nextfall.FORAPPOINTMENTCALL312-726-3441 Kup reported in his column of May 29ththat Yale University has chosen to bestow anhonorary degree upon Edward Levi. Forwhat accomplishment, he failed to specify.Could it have been his brilliant generalshipduring the campus crisis of 1969? Or has itbeen his skill at evading the contractprovisions which call for fair hiring andpromotion practices at the university?Although Mr Levi may not realize it, thereare those at the university who stillremember the tactics employed against thestudent threat. We remember that he ex¬pelled and suspended, and all called it amasterstroke. That he sent students before abenevolent disciplinary committee andprotected them from due process in thecourts, and called it justice. And, that hisconsideration in employing the faculty at allpoints in the legal process from spying anddetection to sentencing and expulsionassured the students that no outsiders wereinterfering with university business. Mr Leviand his PR men love to extol the Nobel Prizeswhich have called the Midway home, but failto acknowledge the weathermen and womenit produced. Although it may not be readilyapparent to its admen, the university is a“mind opener” in more ways than one. Andone such acquired awareness is the extremesto which supposedly rational men will go toTRAVEL FORSTUDENTS AND YOUTH• Int’l Student l(J•AYH Hostel Pass. student and yuutorailpasses d’vcounts on onlease/piirch.'. cplans• lax tree bikes• special disco tin ion ships• trains and plant.within and t ■ , <>ndEurope and ‘ a ael• Sahara expeditions■ mountain trek*-• bicycle tourimi. domestic travelUS student not'-h. canoe, campimi. ;■ti ips; river > . . JAMESSCHULTZCLEANERSCUSTOM QUAUTYCLEANING10% student discount1363 E. 53rd Sf.752-6933(we help facul' o')Come see us a* 22 WestMonroo, Chicago 60603...or call 726-6336 SECRETARYFORPUBLIC RELATIONSWill be secretary to AssociateDirector in Planning, andDevelopment. Must be ac¬curate. fast typist and haveprevious secretarial ex¬perience. Some collegepreferred. Good startingsalary ar.d employee benefits.Contact Personnel Departm-nt36T-G800 eit 435CHICAGO COLLEGE OFOSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE5200 S. Ellis,Chicago keep their activities free of fundamentalcriticism.If the students protesting high handedpolicies and the dismemberment ofWoodlawn were a threat to the proper orderof things, then women and blacks wanting tojoin the club strike at its very sanctity. Thearrogance of this place is amazing. It says tothe federal government, how dare you tellme what to do, just hand over my millionsand do it quickly. The bureaucratic mind cannever hope to understand the mysteries ofuniversity procedure. Merit can be com¬prehended only by club members and theycannot verbalize, or quantify or explain it.Rather, it appears to be a disease that befallsscholars at middle-age, and only when onehas experienced it can he fathom its in¬tricacies.Edward Levi represents the stultifying andprofessional narrowness, and the ad¬ministrative rigidity that characterizes theUniversity of Chicago. Such does not merithim an honorary degree. It is my ferventwish that the day will come when Levi andhis spokesmen will raise the spector of“excellence” and “the life of the mind” andwill be treated as little boys who have criedwolf once too oftenHilda SmithYAFMr Kornbluth’s virtually unfoundedallegations of “crude chicanery” should berefuted His prejudices, shared by many onthis campus, are clearly evident in the letter.I have never had any connection with YAFnor heard many lecutres that they havesponsored. But I do believe that this grouprepresents a view which is unpopular and inthe minority on this campus and for thatreason, if for no other, needs to be heard. MrKornbluth’s letter indicates that, had heknown the lecture was sponsored by YAF hewould not have gone, convinced in advancethat it would be “nothing but anticommunistpropoganda.” YAF did not try to hide itsidentity since circulars were sent out ad¬vertising the lecture which included this fact,and a YAF representative was at the door ofI-house ready to tell anyone who cared to askwho the sponsor was. This woman alsoapologized to me about the fact that thelecture was on the same night as the films onChina. I don’t believe that YAF is in anywayashamed of its identity, but how many othersshare Mr Kornbluth’s prejudices on YAF andwould have stayed away had they known?What Mr Kornbluth calls challengingquestions was in reality a pro-communistspeech under the guise of asking questions. Itis undoubtedly necessary to challenge themotivations of a speaker of this type; hispossible prejudices should be clearly broughtto light and his statements weighed with thesefacts in mind. Nevertheless since it was clear that time was limited, questioners do nothave the right to preface their questions withprolonged remarks regarding their ownviews. Some people of the audience ex¬pressed their belief that the questionerconfine himself to asking a question; thesewere at worse rather mild outcries ofdismay; there was really no “abuse” or“catcalls.” These people were by no meansYAF supporters; they had come to hear MrWu’s account of Communist China. I wasaware that Mr Wu was giving a biased ac¬count just as I believe that any pro¬communist reporter would give a biasedaccount. But it seems to me that the only wayto arrive at the truth is to hear out both sidesof the issue. A speaker of this type needs tobe challenged with specific questions; ac¬cusing him blatantly of anti-communism willresult in nothing productive.Renee KinscheckMaroon last issueThis is the last of the Maroon. There will befive summer issues: June 21, July 5 and 19.and August 2 and 16. For advertising in¬formation check the classified page.EYE EXAMINATIONSFASHION EYEWEARCONTACT LENSESDR. KURT ROSENBAUMOptometrist(53 Kinibark Plaza)1200 East 53rd StreetHYde Park 3-8372HEADQUARTERSFORrrwh PASSPORTPHOTOGRAPHSAPPLICATIONS* PHOTOGRAPHSinblack & whiteand colorCall MU 4-7424 nowfor an appointmentCorona Studios13T4E. 53RD The winning photographs of theFirst Annual Hyde Park PhotoContest will be displayed duringthe month of June at thePHOTON-MONTAGE11 CAST (EDM SI.(NEAR NORTH)787-0704ft**-TufWftPMoroon 9CYi . nr.jl .yt-Th- • nrov’Vl {.MAROON CLASSIFIED ADSSCENESFriends of the Gargoyle: You areinvited to the 2nd Annual Blue BashFriday June 1; 8:00 10:00 p.m. Freeentertainment and music.SPACE2 and 1/2 rm unfurn. apt in safeelevator bldg. Good janitor. $115/ mo.utils, incl. 68th & Jeffery. UC bus atthe door 3 blks to 1C. Express bus toloop from the door. Call 955 0818 evesStraight male to share 4 room aptwith same near 53rd 8t Kenwood. $77.Call 324 1237Stanford MBA student interested inrenting apt. in Chicago June Sept.Contact M.K Bourke 732 8995Summer sublet 6/ 17 to 9/ 30 option torenew. 4 rms., sunny 56th & Kimbark$152/ mo Call 9 5 Paula 793 3344; after6, 493 5875 & weekends.For Rent large 2 bdrm apt in SouthShore 1/ 2 block from campus bus,near shopping. Rent about $165/ mo.Phone 752 5746 eves.Woman to take over 1 1/2 room aptend June to Oct. with option to stay.Ideal safe Hyde Pk location neareverything. Rent $95 incl util. Call 2883545Twnhse for sale 2 bdrm. 1 1/ 2 bath.Washer, dryer, dishwasher. Largeextra room. Offstreet pking. Largepark with playground. Yard. Nearuniv. Call 955 0447 evenings$45 is a low price for our well furnished room with bath for the summerMinibus at door, 1/ 2 block fromshopping 324 8152 after 6.Wanted: One efficienty apartmentsouth of 55th Street and west of the 1Ctracks rent up to $140 per month, occupancy in September. If you havewhat I want, call the Maroon officeand leave a message for MarkGurenberg x3 3269Sublet June 16 to Sept. 30 with optionfor fall. 2 1/2 rms $130/ mo. 5120Harper. 288 7949Reliable person to live in. Room andmost board in exchange for babysit¬ting with 4 1/2 year old boy. Mostlywhile he sleeps and 8 10 hours perweek when awake. 955 2494 eves 7 9SUBLET Option for fall 6 rms$185/ mo avil. immed. 54th Ellis, 6674685Summer Sublet. Room in furnishedapt. in modern, centrally air cond.Little Pierce. 1400 E 57th. Free utilities$65/ mo. Call 493 8845Male roomate (straight) for 5 rm 2bedroom apt. $76.50/ mo & util. add.4800 S. Lake Park in Harper Square.Call 288 5784 ask for Wayne. Urgentlyneeded.Apt. to sublet June 15 w/ option forfall. 3 rooms, good location, close tocampus. $136; 947 9347Sublet beau 5 rm apt 57 8. Kenwood6/ 15 to 9/ 15 opt for fall 947 0856Wanted: fm rmmte to share Ig sunny 3bdrm apt 57th 8, Kimbark for summer possible fall $68/ mo 684 5498Argonne scientist 8, wife wish to rentHyde Park house condominium or Igeapartment with adequate basementspace. No children or pets. Good refs.Day 739 7711 x2465, eve 872 2489 Maroon Business OfficeSummer Hours1-5 p.m. Mon-Fri.Starting June 182 rms to sublet in Ige apt. June 1 andJune 9. 58th Kenwood $70.50/ mo. Call684 5161 or 3 2849. Close!4 rm apt. 2301 E. 81 St. $135/ mo. Quietsafe loc. ref. req. Call ClarenceCrawford at VI 6 0349 anytime.Fern rmmte wanted for sunny furn. 2bdrm apt. near 54th 8< Harper. AvailJune 15 Call 493 4773 after 6SUMMER SUBLET 4 big rms,waterbed A/ C 55 & Wdlawn $150/ mo955 3927Rm in apt. summer sublet w fall opt.52 8. Blackstone $49/ mo 363 4652Free room board in exchange for workuntil September. 947 9054Summer Sublet w/ fall option Largeclean 2 bedroom apt Mngmt prefersgrads. Call 241 6532 eves.Summer Sublet Female a recentlydecorated furnished bedroom 8. bathin huge apartment $72.50, 643 4215Room: large apt. w/ 4 others (male)$66/ mo 5462 Cornell 493 2822.ROOMMATE WANTED —FALLOPTION own room 8< bath in largequiet 2 floor apt 5110 Harper. Avail,now. $70/mo. Call 684 2742. Share with2 grad students. Fern grad quiet rmmte for own furnirm 8i bath 56 8i Univ now 8t next year.$90 8. UTILS 947 9334,Large furnished airy room in privatehome. Share bath with two UCstudents. Kitchen privileges. 200 feetfrom campus bus. Male students only.Call 288 3751Rm in apt w/ 3 males Fall opt. whole 4bd apt $55 51 8. Kimbark 363 19772 rm 8. 3 rm furnished apts. 5405Woodlawn 643-2760; 667-5746 Mrs.GreenS. Shore 2 br house for 3 4 mon. Subletnear campus bus furn'ed Call 731 9636.Wtd. 2 or 3 bdrm apt. for the month ofJune, maximum $185/ mo 288-6812Apt fr rent 3 1/ 2 rm $149 June on 3249527Roomate wanted to share 3 bdrm a/ capt with two med students $60/ moCall 538 3118SUMMER SUBLET: Huge (6 rm & 2bths) and beautiful Hyde Parkapartment. Nice neighbors. Call 363-1238Sublet fall option. June 1st. 1,2,bedroom apt good location $165 &utilities 955 5313 eveningsSublet with fall option; 2 bedroom apt(4 1/ 2 rms); 1451 E 52 St ($175/ mo)avail June 15; call 241-5119 dinnertimeor 12 lam tNeed safe clean 2 bdrm apt asap Craig 947 9330.COME SEE, KIBITZ, JOIN THE FUN!'vaU.S. SENIOR MASTER-WORLD RECORD HOLDERAt TheHYDE PARKSHOPPING CENTER55th & LAKE PARK(In the Center Court)tUp to 40 players per day competeJUNE 8 7 P.M.JUNE 9 11 A.M. See the Book Nook in theCenter or Call 895-3710for applicationTHE RULES: The exhibition will begin exactly on time. Each player regi$tering at the mall office isasked to provide their own chest board and pieces. Players may toke either color. They are to moveonly when Mr. Acers comet to their board. Mr. Acers move is never complete until he makes his moveon the next board (Harknets ruiebook).PRIZES AWARDED EXHIBITION FREE TO PUBLICEAST 55th STREET& LAKE PARK AVE.FREE PARKING FOR 500 CARS10 - The Chicago AAofoon: hiidjy, June J, 1973 HYDE PARKSHOPPING CENTER before Aug 31. Date 947 0394SUMMER SUBLET: Part of an aircond. apt available June 10. For one ortwo; Option to take whole apt on 9/ 1Modern bldg near 55th andBlackstone. 955-9096 evenings.Summer Sublet: furn 1 bedrm aptmarried students $145 <?ves 324-3138Summer sublet bdrm in spacious 2bdrm South Shore apt. Furnished.Right on the lake! $85. Call 374-122656th 8i University two vacancies JuneSept furn spacious nice. Call 753-2249ex* 3405 or 3403 Hurry!Conveiently located studio at 55th &Harper On UC bus route, close to 1C$125/ mo. Year lease beginning midJune. 241 5435Spacious, sunny E. Hyde Park apt. for3 or more people. June-Sept. Call 752-2439,Lg sunny So Shore apt avail June 15 oncampus bus route. Garage avail, call363 3261 08462 LGE Bdrms for women or SmallFam. S. Shore apt 978 3466 SummeronlyRmmte, own bedrm Lg 5 rm apt inShore clean bldg avail, immed. or 7/ 1fall opt. call HY 3 0061 after 6Fern roomate wanted: own room incozy apartment, 53 & Kenwood$85/ mo (will negotiate) 752 3378Share apt for summer 53rd 8. Harperarea. I'm looking for a responsiblestraight male student. Possibly fornext vear also. Furnished own bedrmCall 947 8556 eves or leave message forEriksen at 996 2684 days. $60/mo..Coach house in South Shore near 1Cand campus bus four rooms plus anattached garage with electric eyeavailable May 25 Pay from June 1;$165/ mo Call 799 6641LITTLE PIERCE Sublet for 1, air cdWaterbed/ luxury/ $75/ mo 493 2205 241 6532 eves.Summer house in Ogden Dunes.Comm, dist, to U of C 536 4354 after 6Grad to share 7 rm apt June Sept $56mo. 51st 8i Greenwood Call 324-4677 aftMellow summer living 3 bedrooms inIrg sunny saft apt. 56 & Blkstone June-Sept furnished perfect for group Call947-0373 aft. 6. Hurry.RESEARCH ASSTMasters deqree inecology, biology orzoology plus minimum 3yrs. teachers ex¬perience at elementaryor junior high level.Writing ability. Ex¬perience developingcurriculum material.Call personnel. 9-3.Mon.-Fri.922-9410PEOPLE WANTEDPart time male help wanted bysalesman in Hyde Park for lighttyping, help with samples etc. Sat AMor one eve. weekly. W. Rothschild PL.2 1900Free room board in exchange for workuntil September 947 9054Free Babysitting 8-16 wk olds in exchange for 5 min's participation in nontraumatic research project. Call JanetWanted: apartment for three nearcampus. Start in Sept, or summer.Call John 753 3541 apt. 54Share 5 room apt. Mature theatre oryoga student prefered. Must be neat,area 5300 S. Princeton, mo. rent advance. $65 Write H. Spaulding c/oK.K. College., Speech 8. Drama Dept.,6800 S. Wentworth, Chicago, ILL. 60621SUNNY QUIET ONE BEDROOM APTLR, DR, K, AND BATH. AVAILABLENOW 146, 5425 S WOODLAWN AVE.CALL 955 3285 LEAVE MESSAGEWILL THROW IN SOME FURN, A/ CNeed two roomates for summer. CallAnn 288 6304Summer sublet, furn. 2 bdrm apt. inhighrise near lake. $218/ mo. June 1stSept. Call 643 1407, or 493 2822, leavemessage for Gary.To Summer Sublet turn 1 bdrm apt.married students $145 eve 324 3138Summer Sublet for 1-3 people near53rd and Woodlawn; near shopping,mini bus at door. Rent verynegotiable. Call Fred 241 6894 after 5Female wants two summer room¬mates. Only $58/ month! At 54th 8<Woodlawn Call 753 2240 rm 1912. Keeptrying.SUBLT mid June mid Sept 7 1/2 rmapt. 3 bedrm avail $45 each/ monthutil incl. 6022 Ingleside 493-4471Faculty invited to rent villa or cottageItalian Alps during Sept, or Oct. WriteProf Previtali Box 323 Cotati,California 9492856th 8. Dorchester 4 1/2 condo 1 bdrmsunporch large closets formal diningrecently remodelled $19000 air condassess 47/ mo eve 643 5473Rooms for the summer. Located oncampus. Inexpensive, kitchen, TVroom, library etc. A great deal in abeautiful place. Cal! 753 2297 anytime.CHICAGO BEACH HOTELBEAUTIFUL FURNISHED APARTMENTS Near beach, parks, I.C. trans,11 mins, to loop U of C and downtownloop buses at door. Modest dailyweekly monthly rates. 24hr. deskComplete hotel services. 5100 S.Cornell DO 3 2400Live in Federika's famous bldg.Nearby, furn. or unfurn. 2 8. 3 rm. aptsfor 1,2,3 people Refrig., stove., pvt.bath, stm heat. Quiet, Sunny, view.Parking, trans, $120 00 up Free Utils.Robinson, 6043 Woodlawn. 955 9209 or427 2583. Short term lease or longerRm 8. pvt bath near campus $10/ weekbegin June 1 for summer D03-2521For rent 3 bdrms 2 baths furn apt. 6/ 15to 9/ 15 $250 56th Dorchesterwas/ dryer dshwsher bkyd 684 2086Roomate wanted to share 3 bdrm a/ capt with two med students $60/ moRoommate wanted to share 3 bdrma/ c apt with two med students$60/ mo Call 538 3118Sublet immed. 1 rmmate wantedsunny apt on Kenwood nr 57th $67 permonth Call 241 7230 eveningsTwo rooms to sublet $71/ mo per/ p.June 15 Sept 1; 1,2, or 3 mo. 5340 S.Harper Exc. cond Large sunny wellfurnished Kitrhen newlv remodBackyard, good janitor. Use of Hi Fi &records 1/ 2bl fr Harper Ct. 8, Co op.Right on mini bus route. Call Louis or THE VERSAILLES5254 S. DorchtsftrShort term leasesavailable. Well main¬tained secure building.Attractive V/a and 2Varoom studios, furnishedand unfurnished. $127-$172 utilities included.At campus bus stop.FA 4-0200Mrs. CroakJuly in Lake front home. Workingparents need responsible person, forminimal supervision of active thirteenyear old boy, own room sitting room.Evenings and weekends free. Use ofcar, dock etc. Single or couple. HA 76560, 9 5 weekdays weekend 414 2488338Legal secretaries needed for busy lawoffices near U of C. Fast accuratetypists, legal exp. 8< short handprefered but not necessary. Allbenefits. Legal Aid Bureau, Miss.Rzepka 939 5930 An Equal Opportunity Employer.Room and partial board in return forbabysitting 3 sml children; Ige HydePark apt. own room; bath. 643 3792Ref. Required fall '73Citizens for a Belter Environment hassummer positions available involvingpetitioning, fund raising, staff projectsand management. Meet a myriad ofinteresting people and earn money forthe next term. For an interview phoneChicago: 248 8120 for Herb or Chuckafter 6 p.m.EXPERIENCED HOMEWINEMAKER is required by a localshop for full or part time work in thisfast growing operation at Hyde Parkand/ or sth suburbs., for demonstrations and selling. Call 747 4768Assistant Business Manager for theMaroon. Full time job for 73 74 schoolyear. Full benefits Call Rich at 7533266 or see ad this page.Registered Nurses, Receptionist,Laboratory Technicians wantedWoodlawn Hospital 6060 S. Drexel 7523300 ex. 286 Personnel.University woman wanted to babysitweekends in exchange for room andboard. Large quarters, laundry roomprivate bath, many extras. Coupleacceptable in exchange for yardworke*c. Call 363 4796Wanted: Full time secretary inEvanston, Good salary, fringebenefits. Call Rich at 753 3266or see adthis page.Registered Nurses, Receptionist,Laboratory Technicians wantedWoodlawn Hospita 6060 S. Drexel 7523300 ex 286 PersonnelUniversity woman wanted to babysitweekends in exchange for room andboard. Large quarters, laundry roomprivate bath, ma’>y extras, coupleacceptable in exchange tor yardworketc. Call 363 4796Wanted: Full *unc secretary inEvans'on, Good salary; frinqe benefitsCall 752 8946 aft*.' 6 p.mMAROON CLASSIFIED ADSPEOPLE FOR SALETYPIST exp. call 752 8119 eves.Summer day care provided by UCgrad student experienced inprofessional child care. Planned activities. Ages 3 6 $25 wk. 324 0158Exp typist all kinds of papers 947 0033.Moving? Need help? Hire my van andI Best rates. Jerry at 684 1175.Experienced Manuscript typing onIBM Selectric. 378 5774Like Julian Bream's music? ForCLASSIC GUITAR STUDY 262 4689Portraits 4 tor $4.00 and up. MaynardStudio, 1459 E. 53, 2nd floor. 643 4083.FOR SALERound trip plane tickets: ChicagoBoston $100 Chicago L A. $200. CallJerry 684 1175 Keep tryingSteinway upright piano $325; diningtable $55; H. Murphy 753 2737SOFA comfy ex cond cheap 493 176868 FORD Cortina Sta Wag bought new69 auto trans. pwr brakes, gd tires,mileage cond 36,000m. 363 7919. $80011 1/ 2 ft. wood sailfish, dacron sailboat $150 or best 255 2691 eves.Furniture sellout. Baby crib andfurnishings, convertable buggystroller, large desk with book shelves,end tables, lamps, draperies, dresser,chairs. Call 375 9486TV Zenith BW portable 16“ 1 yr old$65; Baby buggy "English style" $40(8m old $70 new at Marshal Field),baby high chair $8. Call 947 8657 after 5pm.Rug desk chairs bkcase chest. Cheap.Call 955 6826 between 6 10 p.m.Single bed $15, picnic table $15; B8.WTV (18") $35; 9x12 green shag rug $20,metal storage cabinet $12; Taperecorder $15; Garrard turntable $10;Koss headphones $7, waterbed bag$15 955 4736 or 288 2280Lge metal office desk good cond. $20,dresser with mirror $20; kitchen table$10; standing lamp $8, sofa bed faircond $15; Call 241 6798.Moving must sell single bed, twoesks. Call 241 5740Solid Durable 20 in. boy's bike Likenew $25. 955-6033.Party goods, novelties, gifts, autoaccessories. For free catalog write D8, D Distributors, P.0 Box 47, Lansing, III. 604383/4 size cello (Kay) w/case. Newstrings, barely used. Best offer 3245116.Sears Air Conditioner. Almost Newwarrenty still in effect. $125 or bestoffer. Call 288 2773 by 6/ 4Beagle puppy seven months old allshots licenced, papers on pedigree.Moving to no pets house price fifty, butnegotiable. Call 9 5; 753 4667 Durham.MOTORCYCLE ACCESSORIES FORSALE: roll bars for Honda 450,luggage rack for Yamaha 305 orsimilar size bike. Call Andrew 955 8952evening Cheap Prices!Dodge Coronet 66, 6 cyl stick shift 4500mi. exc. cond. $350 or best offer 9478857 after 5pm63 VW sunroof reb'lt ent. new baft.gen8.starter good cond $350 288 7985.AM FM digital clock radio excellentcondition. Squash racket like new. CallJean Paul Rigaud 753 8100.APT SALE UNUSUAL FURN. 8.MISC CHEAP 684 4515.Double waterbed w/ beautiful paddedframe worth $150, $65 or best offer.Antqued Bstn rocker, etc. 493 2205.UNIVERSITYBARBERSHOP1453 E. 57th ST.CLOSED MONDAYS684-3661HairstylingRazor cuts Rosenthall China, never used orig.tags still on, "Classic Rose" pattern,complete service 12 plus extra pcs,total 67 pcs. Retail $492 Best offer. 955-6145.Glass top Coctail Table, modern oval,curved walnut base, exc. condition.$50. Call 955 6145AMAZING NEW Invention Sheriff 50protects men and women; Disablesattackers instantly; cannot causepermanent injury. Send for freebrochure on details. Write D 8. DDistributors, P O Box 47, Lansing, III.60438R iviera 66 power air new bat tires $675or best offer Wilson 5508 Cornell 4932443, 528 5585 Weekends evens.BOOKS! !!!40% OFF at Chicago'smost interesting old bookstore. Goingout of business Oct. 31. 20,000 boundbooks. 40% off. Also thousands ofpaperbacks and long play records. BillNewman's Al Bookstore, 1112 N.State, Daily 2:30-9:30 p.m. Sat. andSun/ 1 30 6:00.FOR SALECondominium, 3 bedrooms, newly moder¬nized, backyard, brick garage, south of55th St low assessment and taxes. Idealfor budget minded couple, or individual.If interestedColl George McGelone667-6666Kennedy, Ryan,Monlgol Ass., Inc.CANCELLEDFriday June 1st Collegium Musicumconcert Cancelled. Sal 2nd programwill be scheduled: Late 16th cent,music in Mantua, Ferrara & Naples(Madrigals, motets 8. dances byMarenzio Monteverdi, Gesualdo,Wert & others) Bond chapel 8:30 p.mROOMATE WANTEDFOR APT. 1/2 BLK.REGENSTEINPriv rooms available June 15 8< July 1in large light apt. 55th University forsummer 8. pos. next year. Living 8.dining rms, Kitchen, backporch, bigbackyard Info call Dobbi 947 8621 orleave message SU 7 4435.LOSTLOST green fount pen name engravedMiguel Shelton. Sentimental valuePlease call 753 0469 or 753-0434.CAP & GOWNWork on the new "Cap 8, Gown".Along with help from the Maroon,Student Activities and the Dean ofStudents Cap 8. Gown will live again.Join the staff. Contact yearbook editorRobert Newcombe at 753 3266.DUMP NIXON"Impeachment With Honor" bumperstickers. 4 for a dollar. 50 for $10; 15 40,163rd St. Whitestone, N Y. 11357.DRIVER WANTEDFREE RIDE Help Drive to AlbanyBoston area Leave Chicago FridayJune 22. Call 374-6725.HAPPINESSA club is being formed to experienceand learn about higher states ofconsciousness which can enable one tobecome more knowiedgable, suecessful and aware of self. Send name,address phone no. to Happiness, P O.Box 20255 Chicago, III. 60620.CAMPING TRAILERHandsome, practical British Spritelightweight for compact cars, yet fullsize with stove, ice box, beds for 4 etc.Huge windows, happy interior space.Great condition. Only $985.00 9556033.GAY LIBERATIONCONSCIOUSNESS GROUP ONSEXUAL IDENTITY will meet everyThurs. at 7:30 pm during the SummerReturning to UC andneed full-day timeLoving Babysitter For Our TvyoBoys 4 and 1 Vi Yr. Old.Contact: Dr. Robert Kirschner5614 Greenspring Ave.Baltimore, Maryland 21209or phone 301-367-0684after 6 p.m.ELIZABETH GORDONHAIR DESIGNERS1620 E. 53rd St.288-2900FREE PUBLIC LECTURE3*30 p.m. Tues. 6/5/73 Social Science 122"Methods off Testing the Appeal andPersuasiveness off Advertising Messages"by FRED SCHLINGER—LEO BURNETT CO.Sponsor:Community and Family Study Center Quarter in Ida Noyes. Gays, straights,bisexuals and undecideds arewelcome.NO COFFEE HOUSE UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE. Check SummerMaroons for details.GAY LIB OFFICE WILL BE OPENDURING THE SUMMER QUARTERon Mon., Wed., and Thurs. between 7and 9:30 p.m. in Ida Noyes 301; 7533274. Call Beth 753 2475; 9 5.HOUSE FOR SALESOUTH SHORE8 room, 4 bedroom brickhome. 2 full baths, carpeted,low taxes, garage, 1 blockfrom campus bus. Near Lake,schools, parks.*27,000 634-0646WANTEDSmall portable refrigerator; Reply c/oMaroon Box 110.I would like to buy hobby horse ortricycle for 12 18 mo child & dolls. CallHannah 684 1800.TEACHER 1/2 time for fall in parentrun primary sch. in Hyde Pk for 5 8year olds. Teaching exp. with childrendesired esp. music, dance, drama, art.$50/wk cal! 624 8667 eves or 955 7424Two ticxets needed for Fri. 3 p.mconvocation. Call 753 0197.Tickets wanted for June collegeconvocation. Call 753 0197Two tickets needed for Fri. 3 p.m.convocation. Will pay. 667 7092.Need 2 tickets to June 9 convocationOffer $5 each Call Judy 2417191. NEED RIDE to Cols, Ohio 6/6 7, Call753 2261, 3rd floor Mead ask for Mark.Need riders to San Francisco sharecost driving about June 9 , 493 4071Ride needed to NYC after convocationwill share exps Al 493 8845WAYWARD CATNamed Hadrian male Siamese one yr.old Seal Point Please call 947 0050CAT LOVERSOur 2 cats need a foster home for 18months while we be abroad. They arelovable, clean and never scratch wecould never give them away. Ex¬penses paid 667 1723 eve BOOK SALEEvery book in stock (about 7,000 titles)on sale at 20% off list, now throughJune 8. Seminar Co op Bookstore, 5757University, 11 am 4 pm, Mon. Fri.CAMPINGEQUIPMENTRENTAL sleeping bags, tents stoves,lanterns, packs. HICKORY 324 1499INSOMNIASUNDAY BRUNCH$4.00/person(children's rate also)at tha SUBJECTS WANTED BY SLEEPLAB FOR STUDIES OD INSOMNIA,FEMALES ONLY, AGE 18 28 $10 perNIGHT. APPLY IN PERSON TO 5741PLAY TENNIS6 indoor courts, 3 outdoor courts,Private & group lessons availableSouth Side Raquet Club, 1401 E. Sibley,VI9 1235.FOLK DANCING8 pm. at Ida Noyes Hall. Sunday(general), Monday (beginners).Friday (requests) 50« donation, forinfo. Call Janet 955-8184.FUN FORTODDLERSRIDESMoving to N.Y.? Share van rental/driving. Leave around June 12. 2ND ANNUAL BLUEBASHFriends of the Gargoyle You areinvited to the 2nd Annual Blue Bash,Friday June 1, 8 00 10 00 p.m. Freeentertainment and music.WANT SOMEONE TOTALK TO?Join a serious discussion on the plightand the progress of American Blackfolks. Each 2nd and 4th Sunday at 3:305:30 532 W 95th Street. Sponsored bythe DuBois library. Phone 488 3500MUSICDavid Bloom's "FOCUS" jazz groupMonday nights at the Efendi 8:00 to12:30 Top of Hyde Park Bank. 15 to 24 month olds needed for study ofplay 8< imitation. Just one 40 min. playsession with another child. Call JeanPoppie, 753 4735 or 752 8624.PERSONALS{ PUT Y OURSELFAT THE HUBThe MAROON needs a new ASSISTANT BUSINESS ,[MANAGER for next year. Your duties will includeGsome simple bookkeeping, typing, subscription)^{^mailing, answering the phone and assembling the^.paper. Full time job. Good pay. JiThis is the chance you have been waiting for to ^^1 find out about the rest of the University you only^T^guessed existed. Full fringe benefits. 7^t Submit a resume to the Maroon Office inNoyes Hall-or call Rich at x3-3266 or 955-0818. WEAVERS Interested in gettingtogether with other weavers? Call 9557192 or 288 3472Do you have a 10 17 mo. old child youwould be willing to bring to a playroomon campus? Psych grad stud, badlyneeds pilot subjects. Call Hannah 6841800Handsome unreg male Siamesedesires to meet female Siamese xromance in exchange x kitten CallChui 493 0372WRITER'S WORKSHOP (PL 2 8377),LAST WILL ANDTESTEMENTIn as much as this is the last issueofficially under my jurisdiction aseditor in chief I am prompted to issuea last will and testament. I would firstlike to state that this year, despite itsjournalistic flaws, has been greatfun. I have learned a lot and met manyfine people and the campus as a wholehas responded magnificently. I wouldlike to encourage the Universitycommunity to continue its communication with this rag Letters,midways, and gadflys all contribute tous and to the community as a wholeAs my last official editorial act,though, l would like to endorse theFactory AuthorizedDealerSAABVolkswagenSouth-Shore Inc.7234 S. Stony IslandBU 8-4900 White Sox, for the pennant, and HarryCarry for voice of the year. So muchfor the testament.As for my will:To Mark Gruenberg all the 3 30 amphone calls and junk mail.To Tim Rudy, all three copies ofPublic information's press releasesand Dick Kubick.To Jeff Roth all old Breck's doodles anda case of Bud and a bottle of CC (sorryI drank the whole thing)To Liz, Mark G. and a 16" softball, redink instead of green, andExeter/Andover, yogurt and onionringsTo Mark Ackerman, a handbook onhow to climb fences, Curtis JohnsonTo Steve Durbin, sunglasses,FrederickaTo Gage, my tucked up stereo, JayPoliakTo CD, "There's nothing like fun at theold ball park"To Rich, 16" extra of classifieds, myleaving him with some ball point pens,fillers like "There's nothing like fun atthe old ball park," and since wealready have two adding machines,fast fingers.To Paul : Sorry but you can't take ouradding machines, and some Bud(sorry we drank that too)To Breck: He already has it 6 o'clockad layout changeTo James Vice: Mark Gruenberg, andhysterical phone calls from nervousmaroon staffers.To Dean O'Connell: Good health, moreMaroon's more Maroon moneyTo Lorna Straus: Dean O'Connell'soffice. Harper's completion on timeMike Krauss; a swimming poolsomewhere else, a gold plated jockstrap. Some good lay outs, some badlay outs, and the dusty old book onjournalism.To John Vail: A fish eye lens.Ed Levi: The second floor of the AdbuildingFred Egler; a box seat at the WorldSeries in Chicago, "Boy what a timefor a Falstaff", and more late nightmoviesAmen.To Skip Landt: A winning softballteam.To Marie: Peace and quiet.AmenBrandaisUSED BOOK SALENorth Shora ChapterOver 150,000 BooksEdens Plazo-WilmetteJUNE 3-7 10 A.M.-10P.M.FREEOpening Night Sale June 26-10 P.M. $2.0040% OFFat'Across from the Co-Op'THIS WEEK!New Curtis MayfieldNew John DenverNew Germaine JacksonSAMUELBECKETTENDGAMEJune 1,2,3 l97i8:30 P.M. (Saturday 7:00 & 9:15)The University of ChicagoReynolds Club Theatre5706 South l diversity AvenueTickets $1.50 Reservations 753 358!.Directed by Roger DoddsFriday, June 1, 1973 - The Chicago Maroon -11--•’V"SAVE A DOLLAR"BEFORE THE QUARTER ENDSAn unique opportunity for all readers of the Maroon tostock their wine cellars and add to their taste thrills, inspite of rising wine prices.Choose from a special group of Imported Wines selectedby the Wine Committee. If purchased in units of 3 of LIKEKIND, $1.00 will be deducted from each multiple of£bottles.Beaujolais from *2"Rhine fromBordeaux from *2 98Burgundy from *2*>Loire from *2MRose from *199Cheese for your next party?Try our SPREADABLE CHEDDARS.Onion, Garlic, Brandy, Hickory $ 1 99Smoked or Port. Specially Priced at I per poundDAILY 9 A.M. -10 P.M. SUNDAY NOON - 9 P.M.12 - The Chicago Maroon - Friday, June 1, 1973