GNOSIS hails Stein'she-man' citationSunday’s GNOSIS caucusvoted to submit to SG an “ap¬propriate” award to be givento Mayor Daley in response tofus recent award to UC’s footballcoach(?). Sid Stein.The original award from the Mayorand the City Council to Stein stated:‘ To Sidney Stein, for service beyondhe call of duty. His attempts to re¬turn he-man greatness to the campuso( the University of Chicago entitlehim to the acclaim of all Chicago.”The award suggested by theC.NOSIS caucus for Daley et al readsus follows:“The Student Government of theUniversity of Chicago commends theMayor and the Council of the City ofChicago for their profound interestin the development of the educationalprocess at the University of Chicagoind their penetrating insight into theeducational ideals of this University,us evidenced by their recent ‘He-mangreatness’ award to a member ofdie University faculty. Coach SidStein. “We hereby authorize the StudentGovernment Executive Council topresent to the Mayor and Council ofdie City of Chicago an appropriateaward of commendation.”The subject of fund raising hasbeen on the agenda of every GNOSISsince its creation. This caucus wasno exception. It was estimated thatthe party needed $100 for the cam¬paign and routine expenses, and $25to pay off old debts (a $30 debt,which is two years old has been moreor less officially forgotten).As usual, the matter was referred,this time to a newly created commit¬tee with Tom Heagy as chairman andSteve Livernash as co-chairman.There are three GNOSIS vacanciesin Student Government which needto be filled; one in the LibrarySchool, and two in the School of Medi¬cine. Anyone in these schools whodesires to become a member of SGand who is willing to vote the partyline should contact Eugene Groves,party boss.Little new' in smoke report“Little new” is contained inthe report on smoking andcancer released Saturday bythe Surgeon General’s com¬mittee, commented Dean of die Divi¬sion of Biological Sciences H. Stan¬ley Bennett yesterday.Several UC administrators wereasked ior their comments on thereport which said cigarette smokingu> a health hazard and contributessubstantially to the death rate.Students should devote more oftheir time to worrying about tliedangers of cigarette smoking rathertihan fallout, since smoking causesmore deaths, Bennett said.UC President George W. Beadle-aid it is hard to predict the longrange ejects of the report. Whenasked alxxit the relation betweensmoking and cancer, Beadle com¬mented tiiat ‘‘the evidence speaksfor itself.“There is no doubt about therelation lietween cigarette smok¬ing and cancer.” As a scientist, Ibelieve this relation is direct,” hecontinued.Beadle said his personal smokinghabits will not be affected by theret»ort H0 is not a regular smoker.!x»t “dabbles” in smoking. This “dabbling” will continue, he said.Dean of Students Warner ArmsWick, who referred to himself as a“congenital pipe smoker,” said “thereport does not surprise me.”A remarkable number ol peopledo not smoke as much as they usedto before people started worryingso much alxxit cancer, continuedWick.Jamas Newman, assistant profes¬sor of history and assistant deanof students, commented that he hadquit smoking Friday night, beforethe report came out.Newman, formerly a very heavysmoker, has now taken to suckingiifesavers. “I saw the writing on thewall,” Newman added.“And now that I have given upsmoking,” stated Newman, “I planto ban smoking in my classes.”Eugene Miller, manager of theUC Bookstore, commented that “Ithink there has been somewhat ofa trend away from cigarette smok¬ing and towards pipe and cigarsmoking recently.”“I’ve cut down cigarette smokingmyself in favor of a pipe,” addedMiller.The Bookstore, however, has nostatistics yet on the effect of Satur¬day’s report on demands for variouskinds of tobacco.Politicians attackedCharges public aidAlan D. Wade, associateprofessor in the UC School ofSocial Service Administration,attacked Sunday politicianswlw he said know the facts aboutpoverty and the plight of public-aid recipients, but are more inter¬ested in attracting votes.In a talk at the First UnitarianChurch. Wade, who has consistentlyfought for more adequate levels ofpublic aid, charged Illinois Gov.Otto Kerner with reducing thebudget of the stale relief agencyin order to “steal an issue” fromRepublicans who oppose the idea of[jublic aid.Wade alleged the opposition tohelping the poor was lamentablybi-partisan. It not only comes fromdovvnstate Republicans, he said, butalso from many Cook County Dem¬ocrats, some of whom even haveaid recipients in their districts.He cited a statement of StateRepresentative Ray Heypole, whosaid that the kindest thing to do forrecipients of public aid would be toeliminate all relief, forcing them to“oO to work.” Heypole differs fromfftany other legislators, both Demo¬crats and Republicans, only in thecourage to say what he thinks,Wade commented.Such politicians, Wade charged,know the facts, but do not chooseto act on them.Wade then outlined the extent ofthe problem of poverty. Many peo¬ple Dire not aware of the existence°f large areas of depression, he said,since the poor usually have littlecontact with others, forming a“second nation.”About 12 y2 million people, or sevenperoeat of the national population, earn less than $1 tliousand a yearif single, or less than $2 thousandfor families. These are the reallypitifully poor, Wade said, as theaverage minimum yearly income foradequate living, as estimated by theDept, of Agriculture, is $2 thousandfor individuals.In addition, more than 38 thousandpeople live in poverty, single peopleearning less than $2 thousand, fami¬lies less than $4 thousand.As an example of the effects ofpoverty, Wade cited studies whichshowed a higher rate of mental ill¬ness among the poor. This is un¬derstandable, he explained, since thechild who lives in poverty is so pre¬occupied with worrying about foodand shelter that he cannot developa healthy personality.Those in need of assistance aremost often those who do not haveneeded skills, and have been leftbehind social and economic change.However, the effect on the size ofthe Aid to Dependent Children(ADC) program, which is the onemost often criticized, would not begreatly cut even if all “able-bodied”men found jobs somehow, he said.Wade gave figures showing thathalf the recipients of ADC moneyare children and teen-agers, whohave a notoriously hard time find¬ing any sort of job. Mothers, whohave an important duty to theirfamily and should not always work,and the aged and disabled, total an¬other thirty percent of the total,leaving those who might work ifthere were jobs formnig only one-fifth of the total.The cost of public aid in Illinois,on a per capita tax basis, is $1.05per person per month. Nationally, SG to meetAssembly to discuss bookstoreThe Student Government(SG) Assembly will hold itsfirst session of the quartertonight, with the UC Book¬store, social rules, and efforts toencourage university employment ofstudents among topics of discussion.The session will be held at 7:30 inBusiness East 106.SG has been discussing with ad¬ministration officials the possibilityof making the Bookstore a non-profitoperation, or at least getting priceson students’ books lowered in someway.According to Warner A. Wick, deanof students, the University’s positionhas been that Bookstore profits areused to pay for the deficits incurredin operating University housing.Either bookstore rates remain on thesame level, or housing rates mustgo' up, Wick said.SG plans to begin discussing waysof taking over responsibility for mak¬ing and enforcing social rules oncampus. Rules are currently madeby the Dean’s office.Most cases involving the rules are tried by the Disciplinary Committee,which does not include any students,although two attend meetings as ob¬servers. Cases involving infringementof the Student Code for organizationsare tried by the Student-Faculty-Ad¬ministration Court.Last spring, a resolution waspassed enabling SG to form a com¬mittee for this purpose.Other SG activities this quarter willinclude sponsoring meetings with ad¬ministrators, including Dean Wick,to discuss the question of the“image” of the University. This topicwas brought up during the protestagainst allowing publicity for footballgames last fall.SG will also continue work on plansto encourage hiring of more studentsby the University for many jobswhich may not take special training,and are currently held by outsiders.At first, such positions might be filledby students as vacancies occur na¬turally.The assembly will also discussestablishment of an ad-hoc committeeto talk with officials about how bestto allocate space in Ida Noyes if andwhen that building is remodelled to make room for all campus organiza¬tions.Some of the SG committees arecontinuing to be active. The NationalStudent Association (NSA) commit¬tee, according to its chairman GeneGroves, will work on a program toencourage guest appearances offoreign residents of InternationalHouse at campus functions, and aneffort to' set up “student hostel”facilities with the help oi campusfraternities. These would be for theuse of foreign students travelling inthe US this summer.Thursday evening, Groves said,there will be a meeting of all peoplewho would be interested in helpingto organize a fund-raising drive forthe World University Service (WUS),an international agency which aidsstudents in many ways in deprivedareas of the world. WUS helps meetneeds in crises, and also helps dis¬tribute educational supplies. Amongits American sponsors are the Hillelclubs, USNSA, and the NewmanClubs.The fund-drive meeting will be at7:30 Thursday in the Student Govern¬ment office, second floor of Ida Noyes.Descuss art and antisemitismAnti-Semitism and atti¬tudes toward art in the SovietUnion were among the topicsdiscussed at a lecture at HillelFriday night.The lecture was given jointly byHoward Aronson and Edward Stan-kewicz, both professors in the de¬partment of Slavic Language andLiterature..Aronson began t he lecture bynaming the few remaining Yiddishsacrifice0.9% of the Gross National Productis devoted to assistance.Wade pointed out that the food al¬lowance for families on relief totalsabout twenty cents per meal perperson. This compares with Dept,of Agriculture figures which showthat a barely adequate meal costsan average of 29Vz cents. A ‘‘liberaldiet,” normal to the more affluentportion of the population, costs about40 cents for each meal per person,or, Wade pointed out. twice what weexpect an ADC family to get alongwith.The original aim of the ADC pro¬gram, passed in the depression, wasto help maintain family life, Wadesaid. During the depression, every¬one was acquainted to some degreewith poverty. Sympathy for the poorhas since been lost, however, hecommented.Wade also charged the programhas become poorly administered. So¬cial workers are allowed to go outin the field and help people onlyfive days in every working monthin parts of the state, he charged.The rest of the time is spent inpaper work, supposedly making surerecipients are not cheating. This“paranoiac fear” of cheating takesup 50 to 75% of a worker’s time,which should be used helping people,Wade said.The governor, under a new sys¬tem of administering the aid pro¬gram which went into effect lastNovember, is directly responsible forthe level of aid. To get adequateassistance, Wade said, citizens mustshow that they support the recipientsin their need, and the recipientsthemselves must organize to attainpolitical influence. publications. After spending ninemonths in the USSR, Aronson dis¬covered that there is only one Yid¬dish newspaper in the Soviet Union.Since 1959 only 6 Yiddish books havebeen published. Approximately 30,-000 copies were printed of eachbook, but only a fraction of thesewere made available to the Sovietpeople. Most of the books we ex¬ported.“In accordance with party princi¬ple, the Communists have activelysupported a policy of Jewish assimi¬lation, Aronson explained. Attempts to reduce emphasis on theJewish culture and to eliminate bothHebrew and Yiddish from the USSRcharacterized the Communist atti¬tude towards nationalist groups.Under pressure to assimilate com¬pletely, the Jews are clinging futile-ly to the last remnants of their an¬cient tradition. The average age ofthe reader of the Yiddish publica¬tions is 58. The Jewish youth inRussia have no opportunity to re¬tain a Jewish identity, becausethere are few Jewish schools andSynagogues.Aronson noted that much of Com¬munist anti-Semitism stemmedfrom the Marxist doctrine, whichcondemned all religions. In orderto increase public anti-Semitism, oneCommunist publication, after de¬nouncing Judiasm, Christianity, andMohamedism, attempted to set onereligious group against the other.This publication published the “in¬formation” that the Jews believedthat their religion is absolute andthat all Moslems will go to Hell. Italso “informed” its readers that theJews considered it commendable todrink Moslem blood.“Such obvious inventions werepromptly refuted by intelligent So¬viets and Europeans,” explainedAronson.The only Yiddish magazine in theSoviet Union, Soviet Homeland(translation), is an effective instru¬ment of Communist propaganda. Itseditor and publisher, Aron Vergelis,was an active collaborator of Stalinduring his anti-semite campaigns.Soviet Homeland is the only pub¬lication for Yiddish Literary thoughtacceptable to the Communists. Oneissue contained an article by SovietPremier Khrushchev and someLoldavian prose, both translatedfrom Russian into Yiddish. Anotherissue contained three stories: Oct-tober Revolution” (translated fromRussian), “My Friends the Arabs” (translated from Russian), and “TheMisfortune War Brings” (translatedfrom Arabic).Stankiewicz continued the lecturewith some historical background in¬formation and some insight into theSoviet attitude toward art.“Jewish literature,” said Stanke-wicz, “had died a violent death un¬der the Stalinist regime.” Jewishwriters were either shot or sent toSiberia. In recent years Jewish li¬terature has been to some extent re¬vived by the young poets. Thes«poets were not artistically the best,but they were able to indirectlycritisize the Communists throughtheir fictional writings.The Communists favored epicpoetry over lyric poetry, Stankewiczcontinued. Unlike the latter, epicpoetry would concentrate more onthe numerous incidents of the la¬borer’s life, rather than offer ananaylsis of his psvcological experi¬ences. The Communists preferredidealogical themes, with an em¬phasis on the future of the Marxlan-Leninist Movement. What might besaid that characterizes the Com¬munist attitude toward art is thatart should be functional.The young Jewish poets rebelledagainst the Communist attitude,however, and wrote lyrical poetry,often about the problems of the Jew¬ish people of the Soviet Union.Commenting on Premier Khrush¬chev’s position on anti-Semitism,Stankiewicz said that Khrushchevhas never openly spoken against theJews but regards them as cosmo¬politans, nationalists, and “potentialdeserters,” should the Soviet Unionbe in crisis.Khrushchev blames anti-Semitismon the Stalinist regime, he went on.Khrushchev supports complete as¬similation. His policy has been, upuntil recently, to assail everythingnationalistic about the Jews, espe¬cially the Hebrew and Yiddish lan¬guages and the Zionist Movement.However, with the advent of theIsreali Communist Party and the ap¬pearance of a few Isreali Commu¬nist poets, Khrushchev has had mod¬ify his former policy in order to con¬form to the principles of the world¬wide Communist Movement.Both Aronson and Stankiewicz wereconcerned about the future of thesituation of the Jews in the USSR.Rabbi Winograd, Hillel director, ex¬pressed his hope that the Jewishpeople all over the free world shouldstudy the problems of their co-re¬ligionists in the Soviet Union.Contest controversial commentsTO THE EDITOR:I take strong exception to the arti¬cle captioned “Ex - AdministratorComments on Current UC” appear¬ing in Tuesday’s Maroon. You usedpoor judgment in deciding to print it.I wonder what purpose the storyis meant to serve. Since three oi thefive page one articles were writtenby the University Public RelationsOffice, one may speculate the newscopy was in short supply on January6. Your failure to identify the authorof statements which are false anddamaging to Negroes, to Hyde Park,and to the University lends credenceto a second speculation that this “ex¬administrator” is either imaginaryor in orbit. I can understand andsometimes forgive the practice ofWashington correspondents wherebystories are attributed to “high officialsources.” 1 generally read suchpieces with their author’s past relia¬bility in mind. If M. Stevens has sucha record, I am not aware of it.I have always understood that onecanon of responsible journalism wasto present both sides of a controver¬sial story, particularly where opin¬ions, not facts, are the grist in themill. If your correspondent soughtother views, that fact is not given toyour readers.As a coherent and logical account, this story falls well below par—evenpar for a student newspaper. Somequestions may illustrate this point:1) If this ex-administrator has beenout of touch for some time with ad¬ministrative affairs of UC, how doeshe know that UC "fought” the re¬cently’-ordered Fifth Army move?2) Is the truth of the proposition that“the undesirability of more Negroesliving in Hyde Park is obvious” soobvious it needs no documentation?3) How would tiie “image of theUniversity” contradict its basic duty“to educate students as well as pos¬sible"? 4) Has the University reallydenied its students’ “right to pro¬test”? 5) How does the destructionof Stagg field to make room for thenew library fit the theory that “pres¬sure” for the return of football ex¬ists? 6) How does building betterdepartmental facilities contribute tohigh faculty turnover?After reading your epic, I am con¬vinced that any day now, the Maroonwill print a one-column story head¬lined ‘Results of Civil War Ex¬plained by Ex-undergraduate.’ It willsurely fool some of the people, butwill scarcely rank as a thoughtfulcontribution to scholarship or ' tojournalism.WILLIAM J. VAN CLEVEREGISTRARSALE!NOW INPROGRESSSUBSTANTIAL SAVINGSON ALL SUITSSPORTCOATS, JACKETSOUTER COATS, SWEATERSTHE STORE FOR MENa!mint atth ftampuala the New Hyde fork Shopping Center1502-06 E. 55th St. Phone 752-8100• CHICAGO MAROON • Jon, 14. 1964 Editor's reply: The Maroon feelsthat Mr. van Cleve’s allegations are,for the most part, overstated. Wefeel that we committed no journal¬istic travesty in printing the stoi’yin question, and that, just as weprint unsigned letters, so we canprint opinion (which is news and iswithin the bounds of good journalism)anonymously, especially when theex-administrator asked Mr. Stevensthat he remain anonymous in thefinal report.We can only hope that the Uni¬versity community will accept andevaluate the article for what it is:an unsolicited and admittedly con¬troversial statement of opinion. Wehave received letters and commentswhich attempt to refute the argu¬ments presented in our articles andby printing these, the Maroon allowsits readers to examine both sides ofthe controversy and reach conclu¬sions. We cannot ameliorate or em¬bellish the connections that the ad¬ministrator makes, but if anyonedoubts that opinions in this from arenews, we can only recommend alook at a professional front page.The comments of Messrs. Rocke¬feller and Goldwater are not too farremoved from those of Adminis¬trator X.YD MeetingMilton Rakove, professor of inter¬national relations at the University ofIllinois, will speak tonight on “TheNew Germany—Political and SocialAspects.”Sponsored by the Young DemocratsClub, the talk w’ill be at 7:30 pm inIda Noyes Hall.Rakove has spent some time inGermany. He received his PhD atUC under the tutelage of ProfessorHans Morgenthau, an authority oninternational polilics.Yearbook photosPortraits of graduating students forCap and Gown will be taken Wednes¬day, Thursday, and Friday, January15, 16, 17, and January 22, 23, 24 inRexnolds Club.For appointments call PL 2-5069Monday through Friday after 2 pm,or see the photographer in RexnoldsClub while pictures are being taken.There will be no charge for thesitting or for the picture for the year¬book. If you wish to receive proofs,however, there will be a charge of$2. Orders for additional pictures willbe accepted after delivery of theproofs.Wrestling meet todayThe UC wrestling team will meetElmhurst College in its first homemeet of the season this afternoon.The UC team is led by co-captainCliff Cox, who wrestles in the 137-lb.class. Cox has a record of 7 winsand no losses this season, and haswon two major midwestem cham¬pionships during the past few weeks.The meet begins at 4 pm, andwill be held on the second floor ofBartlett Gym.There will be an organizationalmeeting of the International Rela¬tions Club Thursday at 7 pm inthe Ida Noyes main lounge. Allpersons interested are invited. Wood views state crisison reapportionmentLt.-Gov. candidate speaksWarren Wood, a member of As a final note on the Special Ses-tlie Illinois House and Speaker sion he said that Governor Kemerfrom 1951-59, gave bis views called the session in such a way thaton the state house reappor- it is now impossible for him to ter-tionment crisis at the Young Repub- 1T1inate jt and, therefore, it could runLean meeting last week. ... _ ,Wood, a candidate for Lieutenant 1111,1 •Janua,>’ bGovernor, said he favored party con- Wood then explained the threeventions for both parties to choose amendments to the United Statescandidates. All primary voting for Constitution which he has supported.House candidates should be declaredvoid after July 1, 1964, and the con¬ventions should be held soon there¬after, according to Wood. The dele¬gates to the conventions should bechosen by the regular party organi¬zations in the present representativedistricts.In addition, he said he is sure thatspecial measures for voting and votecounting will be passed. Among these. The amendments were discussed ata meeting of the Council of StateGovernments some years ago inwhich he played an important role.The controversial proposals would(1) enable the states to circumventCongress and amend the Constitutiondirectly by allowing % of both housesof the state legislatures to proposeamendments (% of the states couldthen ratify them); (2) deny the fed-he suggested, might be separate bal- erai courts jurisdiction in state relots for the House and emptying the apportionment; and (3) establish aballot boxes at 10, 2, and 4 to enable Court of lhe Union consisting of thethe counters to gain a head start in chief Justices of the various states,the arduous task of counting the bal- j]ie soie authority of which would bekrts. to review the decisions of the U.S.Regarding the possibility of the Supreme Court in matters of consti-Senate having to run at large also, tutionality. The court would be con-W<xxl said he was Speaker of the vened only on the demand of theHouse when the amendment requir- legislatures of five states withouting the House to reapportion was any comnrjon boarders,passed and that the framers of (lie In reference to Chicago Wood said,amendment did not intend any such “Go and mix up the Daley machineinterpretation. some; it can use it.”Calendar of EventsTuesdayLecture: Buddhist Meditation. Ed¬ward Conze, of Oxford Univ.; Soc Sci122. 3:30 pm.Lecture: The Mathematics of ControlSystems, Maximo Valentinuzzi, of In-stituto N a c i o n a 1 de Microbiologia,Buenos Aires; 5753 Drexel, Rm. 208,4 pm.Wrestling: Elmhurst College; BartlettGym. 4 pm.Colloquium: Decorating and Countingof Vacancies in Graphite, Gerhart Hen-nig. of Argonne National Lab.; Re¬search Institutes 480. 4.15 pm.TV’ Discussion: Maurice English, au¬thor of The Testament of Stone, andKenneth Douglas; Channel 11, 9:30 pm.Speech: The New Germany, Dr. Mil-ton Rakove. of U. of Ill.: Young Demo¬crats Club: Ida Noyes, 7:30 pm.Civil Rights Artion Committee:SHORE Survey Project; Hillel, 4:30pm.Hebrew Classes: Hillel. 3:30 and4:30 pm.Classic Film Festival: ’’The Cabinetof Dr. Caligari” and Judith of Bcthu-lia" (D. W. Griffith) Soc Sci 122. 7 &9 pm.Israeli Folk Dancing: Hillel, 810 pm.WednesdayI.ecture: Current Federal Tax Policy,ft. Cary Brown, Ford Foundation visit¬ing prof.: Business East 103. 1 pm.I.ecture: Buddhism and EuropeanThought. Edward Conze, of OxfordUniv.: Swift 108, 3:30 pm.Carillon Recital: Daniel Robins. Uni¬versity Carillonneur; Rockefeller Chap¬ el. 4 pm.Lecture: Polish Language and Euro¬pean Civilization, Edward Stankiewicz;64 E. Lake st., 8 pm.Illustrated Lecture: Initial Excava¬tions at Chogha Mish in SouthwesternIran, Pinhas P. Delougaz, of OrientalInstitute: Breasted, 8:30 pm.Lecture: Origins and Development ofIndian Music, Rajeshwari Datta; LawSchool Auditorium, 8:30 pm.ling Ivri (Hebrew Conversation): So¬cial Change in Israel, Judah Matras;Hillel. 12.Seminar: Judaism and Christianity;Hillel, 4:30 pm.Twist Party: Student Union; IdaNoyes. 10:30 pm.Panel Discussion: The College Withinthe University: "Where Do We Standand Where Are We Going?" GerhardE. O. Meyer. T-eo Nedelsky, Benson E.Ginsburg, Edward W. Rosenheim(Orientation Board); Soc Sci 122; 8 pm.ThursdayI.ecture: Stability of Control Sys¬tems: Homeostasis, Maximo Valenti¬nuzzi. of Institute Nacional de Micro-biologia, Rucnos Aires; 5753 Drexel,RM. 208. 4 pm.Lecture: THvroidCell Stability andChanges in Fine Structure, S. RobertHilfer. of Temnle Univ. (Zoology Club);Zoology 14. 4:30 pm.I.ecture: Dimensions of AmericanEnglish. Raven I. McDavid, Jr.;Breasted. 8 pm.Lecture: Non-classical Tons andHomoaromaticity, Saul Winslein, ofUCLA: Kent 107. 8 pm.Film Workshop: Lexington 7. 8 pm.ied aiisFOR RENT, ROOMS, ARTS., ETC.5462 S. CORNELI 6 large unfji^rms., natural fireplace, newly decor¬ated, like new wall to wall carpeting.Suitable for a group of doctors orteachers. Avail, now, also 3*,a rm. apt ,newly decorated. Tile floor covering.Avail, now. Call MU 4 3222. HELP WANTEDSUBJECT’S wanted for Perceptual ex¬periments. Cannot wear glasses butcontact lenses O K. Pays at rate of Jftper hr. If interested call Jim PoH,ext. 2737.IXJSTRM. and kitchen priv.near Co-op on Harper,pref. .‘163-7982 eves. in 5 rm. apt.Grad, student LOST one Siamese cat male, vie. 54thA Harper. Call 643-9641.FOR SALEMEDICAL student must sell VEGA 5string banjo plus case. Brand new cond.Call Jesse Weingcr, MU 4-0357.TYPEWRITER, Rem., ex. cond., andstand, $45. Man’s watch $19. Lady’swatch $9. DO 3-0447. SITUATION WANTEDWILL do baby sitting Mon, thru Fri.CaU PL 2-3841.TYPING: Rapid, reas., accurate. Willedit. CaU Ronnie or Karen, eves.,NO 7-3609.PERSONALS’63 VW, red, S.R.,Discs, Mud guards.Daily 6-9 p.m. Rad.. W.W., Wheel1 owner. MI 3-6375. TONIGHT CALIGORICREATIVE WRITING WORKSHOP(PL 2-8377)MY 1948 Chevy is again for sale. Stillruns well. Must seU by Friday. EarlCholdin, DO 3-3863. FOUND1952 CADDY. Hearse, excel, body, mo¬tor overhauled Dec., 1963. $725. PL2-7557 after 6 p.m. WHITE dog with black spots, near IdaNoyes Sunday. Call 324-5744.To place a classified ad call ext. 32661 to 4 pm. (MI 3-0800). Special student,faculty and University staff rates.TYPEWRITER CLEARANCE SALEThrough January and February you will find many finevalues in used portable and Standard typewriters at our Photoand Typewriter counter.See and CompareThe University of Chicago Bookstore5802 Ellis Ave. “IT IS curious that our ideologues donot reflect more often on the examplesin our time, wherein the executivehas won his 'liberation from the para¬lyzing grip of the representativeassembly.’ There ia no paralysis inMoscow, nor was there In Berlin fora decade or so after 1933. No ‘scan¬dalous lag in legislation’ has botheiedPravda. Stalin and Hitler, Khrush¬chev and Mao: no cobwebs in theirlegislative halls,not even in thevery darkestcorners." Writ* to D«pt. CP 8,NATIONAL REVIEW,150 Eoit 35 Street,New York 16, N. Y. tota Use copy.Outlines grass roots integration Poll watching in 1st wardto help Scala campaignAn integrated, middle-classSouth Shore may very wellnot come about, said MorrisJanowitz, professor in the De¬partment, of Sociology and Directorof ttie Center for Social Organiza¬tions Sunday night.Janowitz spoke at the first meet¬ing of the Hillel Civil Rights ActionCommittee, which announced planslast week for a program designedto stabilize the racially troubledSouth Shore area.South Shore does not have a cen¬tral economic and political powerdedicated to achieving a stable in¬tegrated community as the HydePark Kenwood area had in the Uni-"Public Housing develop¬ments in Chicago are the larg¬est Negro ghettos in the city,”stated Debbie Meier Sundaynight.Miss Meier, former chairman ofthe housing committee of the HydePark-Kenwood chapter of the Nation¬al Association for the Advancementof Colored People (NAACP), andcurrently a member of the nationalcommittee of the Socialist Party,spoke at a meeting sponsored by theYoung People’s Socialist League(YPSL> on “The Crisis in Housing.”Miss Meier cited two programswhich have been widely employed inattempts to combat ghettos in hous¬ing: public housing and urban re¬newal. Public housing, she stated,has never kept up with the numberof people requiring it, and often fallsbelow par in terms of quality. Toooften, only those people who cannotafford to move remain, and a ghettoresults. Miss Meier cited the RobertTaylor Homes, which have 27,000dwelling units, as an example of aghetto formed in this way.Urban renewal, in a general sense,has been equally ineffective, accord¬ing to Miss Meier. There has beenincreasing neighborhood resistance tourban renewal* projects throughoutthe country, she said. The original versity of Chicago, Janowitz said.He emphasized, however, that it wasby no means too late to begin aslong as there remained a functioningcommunity high school.Janowitz outlined what he called a“grass roots” program to achieve“economic integration at the com¬munity level.” “The Hillel organiza¬tion could have a definite role in theachievement of such a community,”he stated.Outlining the “grftss-roots” pro¬gram as implemented in the HydePark-Kenwood area, Janowitz statedthat the first concern was to con¬vince the political and economicleaders that integration is in theirown self interests. He called particu-supporters of the program have fal¬len out because of hassles over theobjectives and methods of the pro¬grams.Urban renewal in the UC area andin Hyde Park-Kenwood generally isexperiencing much ot the same kindot difficulty. Miss Meier pointed out,however, that the lack of success ofthe local program may be due eitherto the fact that 20,000 residents hadto be relocated (60% of which wereNegroes) or to the fact that “theHyde Park Urban Renewal Projectwas undertaken not because the cityof Chicago decided the area neededa project nor because the communitysupported the project, but becausethe University of Chicago wanted it.”In this way, Miss Meier felt, theproject was in trouble from the first.The diagnosis of the present situa¬tion, Miss Meier explained, is muchthe same as the diagnosis that wasmade in 1932 in a book written byHerbert Hoover, then President,since the situation “has not changed,but only deepened.” The politicaland social structure of the city wouldhave to be changed, Miss Meier said,before significant developments cantake place in housing. “I hope thatthe collective action of the NegroCivil Rights movement might be oneeffective force for change,” she con¬cluded. lar attention to real-estate and bank¬ing interests, and stated that “therehas recently been some indicationthat such interests are becomingmore willing to face the problem.”Stedor Heisler, a block organizationchairman commented that the SouthShore Commission, which at onetime stood for block by block segre¬gation, had realized that this was nolonger feasible.The second point Janowitz out¬lined was the organization of indi¬vidual citizens on a block by blockbasis. He stated that the primaryfunction of such organizations is tosee that code enforcement is carriedout by the city, to prevent deterio¬ration of neighborhood as non-whitesmove in. He commented that inte¬gration is a middle class value, andsaid it could be accomplished onlyif the immigrating non-whites aremiddle-class. He noted that theSouth Shore area would not have ex¬tensive urban renewal projects to re¬establish middle-class housing, asthe Hyde Park-Kenwood area had.Janowitz said that the block or¬ganizations also create a bargainingsituation with the political and eco¬nomic powers, and can be used toform a climate of inter-personal re¬lations between whites and non¬white. He said the Hillel organizationcould be particularly effective inworking with the various block or¬ganizations, because of its appeal toJewish members of the community.He noted that a system of refer¬rals by which young middle-classand professional families could beinduced to live in South Shore wouldbe crucial. He mentioned the nec¬essity of effective, and attractiveschools, and efficient crime, enforce¬ment if the community were to suc¬cessfully integrate.Janowitz concluded that “the mostdifficult thing for us to do now inthe Hyde-Park Kenwood area, is toachieve ‘reintegration’ of areas thathad already become completely Ne¬gro when the community began towork towards integration about fiveyears ago.” Great numbers of UC stu¬dents will be turning out nextTuesday to pollwatch in thespecial election in the FirstWard of the oity. Their purpose willbe to guarantee a fair election andto prevent ballotbox stuffing, ghostvoting, multiple voting, machinetampering, and other assorted ir¬regularities.The election pits Mi's. FlorenceScala, an independent and long timeresident of the ward, against DonaldW. Parrillo, president of the SkalaNational Bank and long time resi¬dent of Oak Park, a suburb of Chi¬cago, and will fill the City Councilseat vacated by Michael FioRito,who defeated Mrs. Scala as a write-in candidate last February.Fio Rito resignsFioRito resigned after taking officefollowing a controversy over hisresidency qualifications. He hadmoved from his Wilmette home intothe Conrad Hilton Hotel downtown,which is a part of the ward, a fewweeks before the election, in orderto fulfill the 30 day residence re¬quirement to run for office. Hisname was subsequently found onthe voting list of the Hilton out ofalphabetical order on the bottom andin a different type. The typewriterthat had made the alleged altera¬tions was later traced to the officeof the Board of the Chicago ElectionCommission. FioRito resigned soonthereafter.The makeup of the 1st ward is ofvaried extractions and includes Ne¬groes, Italians, Mexicans, and Chi¬nese. The level of the economic andsocial status of these people rangesfrom very poor to middle class.There is much public housing, par¬ticularly in tlie Negro areas, andpublic assistance.Fighting machineIn the past, the political machineshave taken advantage of the peopleand is the hope of the campus or¬ ganizations participating in this ven¬ture that through the election of Mrs.Scala legally, much of this unfair¬ness can be eliminated.As part of the campaigning, Mrs.Scala has been forced to circulate aletter from the directions of CookCounty Aid to Dependent Children(ADC) and the Chicago Public Hous¬ing Authority that those who vote forher will not be thrown off of publicaid or be evicted from public hous¬ing. This is necessary to oppose thewarning directed • to the peopleagainst voting for reform.Participating campus groups in¬clude political, civil rights, and reli¬gious organizations; the IndependentVoters of Illinois; Protest at thePolls; CORE; and the political ac¬tion groups of a number of inter¬denominational religious groups.What poll watching involvesThe pollwatching involves watch¬ing for various and sundry tricksused to cast fraudulent votes. Oftenwhen the voting machines areopened before 6 a.m., a judge maychange the numbers on the backof the machines, giving an initialadvantage to his candidate. Peoplemay reappear to vote several times,in which case the pollwatch maychallenge him and make him signan affidavit that he is qualified tovote under the name he gives.Often pressure is applied to thevoter outside the polling place orlittle inducements are granted. Ineach case and in many more thepollwatcher can stop the process bychallenging it, securing the assist¬ance of the police, or by calling theelection commission, the IVI, or thepress.Anyone interested in participatingin pollwatching next Tuesday, eitherin the morning or afternoon, cancontact any of the organizations pre¬viously mentioned or call Ellis LevinPierce 1816X, FA 4-9500. PoUwatch-ers will work in pairs and transpor¬tation will be provided both ways.Problems in public housingIauiiiiuiiiiiiuii9II*99MM14*II new TEXT BOOKSSTUDENT SUPPLIESFOUNTAIN PENS - NOTE BOOKS- STATIONERY — LAUNDRYBRIEF CASES-SPORTING GOODS USEDTYPEWRITERS sold - rented-repairedPOSTAL STATION RENTAL LIBRARYWOODWORTH’SBOOKSTORE1311 EAST 57lh STREET2 BLOOM BART SF MANDBL RAULSTORK HOURS* DAILY 9:00 AM. to 6:00 P.M, . EVENINGS — Monday, Wndnosdoy, Friday to 9:00 P.Jon. 14. 1964 • CHICAGO MAROON • 3Success af Last Stage4 • CHICAGO MAROON • Jon. 14. 1964 Computer Systems Associate at WEGerald Bourland, B.S., Central Missouri StateCollege, ’61, picked Western Electric because itoffered many interesting and challenging oppor¬tunities in his favorite fields—automation and dataprocessing. Gerald's work here consists of writing,testing and documenting computer programs —each one a different and exacting assignment.Also of great interest to Gerald when he joinedWestern were the Company’s numerous manage¬ment courses and paid Tuition Refund Plan. Heknows, too, that we’ll need to fill thousands of su¬pervisory positions within the next few years. Andhe’s getting the solid experience needed to qualify.Right now, Gerald is working on a verificationsub system for maintaining production control. Itconsists of seven distinct computer programs that operate as one routine which performs the func¬tion of tying together and verifying forecasted withactual customer orders.If you, like Gerald Bouriand, set the higheststandards for yourself, enjoy a challenge, and havethe qualifications we're looking for —let's talk!Opportunities for fast-moving careers exist now forliberal arts, physical science and business majors,as well as for electrical, mechanical and industrialengineers. For more detailed information, get yourcopy of the Western Electric Career Opportunitiesbooklet from your Placement Officer. Or write:Western Electric Company, Room 6405, 222Broadway, New York 38, N. Y. And be sure toarrange for a personal interview when the Bell Sys¬tem recruiting team visits your campus.Western Etectric MAN U EACTUP ING AND SUPPLY UNIT CF Jr-tE BELL SYSTEMAN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYERPrincipal manufacturing locations in 13 cities • Oceret.r,g renters in many of these same r t-es plus 36 others throughout the ltng neerlng Research Center, Princeton, N. J. • Teletype Coro., Skokie, III,, Little Rock, Ark. • Gen. Hq., 195 Eroadv/ay, New VIn the 53rd-Kimbork Ploio10% discount to students with ID cardsSales and Serviceon all hi-fi equip¬ment, foreign anddomestic.TAPE RECORDERS'—Phonographs - AmplifiersPhono Needles and CartridgesTubes - Batteries24 hr. Service CallsTV—HI-FI $000RADIO O— Telefunken & Zenith —AMERICAN RADIO ANDTELEVISION LABORATORYeat. 19291300 E. 53rd Ml 3-9111Challenge well met in Tis Pity../ production’T/S PITY SHE’S A WHORE byJohn Ford. The La$t Stage.There are several good rea¬sons for congratulating theLast Stage on its currentproduction, and let us startwith the best first. It is the rightkind of play and it is a good playof its kind. With the necessary avoid¬ance of contemporary successes, theamateur repertory company all toooften picks the exotic play for nobetter reason than that it is exotic.The director fails to ask himselfwhether the play is suitable to hisactors or his audience, or worst ofall, to consider objectively the realmerits of the work produced.’Tis Pity She’s a Whore qualifieson all these counts. It is a challengeto an ambitious director and company.It is a startlingly good play if youcan render satisfactorily its hard me¬tallic cleverness. What it needs mostin staging is a rare combination offormalism and almost naturalisticplaying. This indeed is the enigmaticquality of this last great period of theEnglish tragic stage. You must beprepared at once for scenes such asthe betrothal of Annabella and Giovan¬ni where the naturalism of the actingmust be entirely abandoned, and thatbetween Putana and Vasques which can only be rendered by an actor’stechnique approximating what wouldbe right in a Shaw play. On Saturdaynight the production showed exactlythe freshness and elasticity that wasrequired.The play is about Giovanni who re¬jects God, Heaven and Hell; inces-tuously loves his sister; finally killsher to save her and himself fromtheir enemies; and dies with hername on his lips. Mental and sexualperversity, torture, cruelty and sen¬sationalism of all sorts are on paradeas the characters try desperately torecord some meaning for the utmostthat man can enjoy spiritually or ma¬terially. In some way the nothingnessof death seems to have had a specialhorror for our seventeenth centuryancestors. They were always tryingto cram life with enough significanceto overcome the vacuity of death orcram revenges with enough torture toexpand the refractory simplicity ofthe conclusion.The tragedies of Ford live in anatmosphere of horror. They are bleak,and the psychology is not spelled outin the simple semi-technical Holly-woodese to which the modern audi¬ence is accustomed. As a result itis easy for such an audience, appalledby the number of corpses on the stageMany ThanksBookstore PatronsFor your indulgence and good humored cooperationduring a very busy and trying quarter opening day.We were hard pressed to serve you quickly with a vol¬ume approaching twelve times that of a normal day.If you could not be properly served during this period,please try us again and we will try to serve you in themanner you expect and deserve.The Bookstore StaffThe University of Chicago Bookstore5802 S. Ellis Ave.' ******************************************** ******************* at the end, or the complicated tangleof plots, to treat the whole thing asa preposterous joke — something likethe nineteenth century riverboat show“Ten Nights in a Bar Room or Ruinedby Drink.’’ There was clearly someof this feeling the other evening.There were sniggers and purely stu¬pid laughter. To understand Ford, inany kind of imaginative production,needs imagination on the part of thelookers on. But if they lack this, theymight at least refrain from spoilingit for others, and maltreating the ac¬tors. These actors are trying to dosomething very difficult. They areholding the level of their performanceon an uneasy balance between thesense of awe before tragedy and thesense of absurdity before melodrama.In Ford’s plays the dramatist reliesalmost altogether for his effects onhorror. He does not try to bring usinside the being of his tragic char¬acters as Shiikespeare does in thegreat tragedies. This exterior andobjective presentation of essentiallyhorrible aspects of the human mindand human acts can be indeed tragic.But it becomes melodrama. The im¬politeness of the audience’s receptioncan affect an actor, especially anamateur actor, so badly that he stopsdoing his job and becomes selfcon¬scious. This is most unfair to every¬one concerned.The direction by Martha Roth wasfirst rate. It showed every evidenceof brains, hard work and concentra¬ tion. It is a tightly knit productionand even at points where I woulddisagree there was clear evidence ofdesign. To my mind the directorw'as correct in her emphasis on theplot. Too often Jacobean tragedy, out¬side of Shakespeare, is played as adiscontinuous series of brilliant scenesrevealing character. In this case theforce and drive of the plot itself is animage of this strangely fierce andpoisonous world. This was powerfullyreinforced by Virgil Burnett’s sets.The simple three cubicle backgroundwith the balcony overhead was per¬fect for the swift and uninterruptedsuccession of scenes. I .do not thinkthat this aspect of the productioncould have been done better any¬where.There are inevitably some matterson which it is possible to disagreewith the direction. Bergetto and Pog-gio are bad. The truth is that Fordintended Bergetto to be a half-wit.Tl^e grotesqueness of his courtshipof Annabella Is one more dimensionof macabre horror in this macabreplay, but it is very strong meat forour stomachs. 1 believe that oneshould try to play it tis its authorintended, though the effect on theaudience might be unfortunate. In thecurrent version it is unsatisfactoryslapstick. The presentation of theCardinal as the representative of atotally cynical and unscrupulousChurch is well warranted by the text.To cross the t’s of the interpretation by such stage business as the han¬dling of the apple and the stealing ofthe ring in the last scene is surelya mistake. So, I believe, is the un¬lucky realism of the heart. Lastly, tinidentity of the false doctor as Riehard-etto, which Mrs. Roth has banishedfrom the performance, does removeone more troublesome complicat ionof the plot, but it also renders part-o! the story rather obscure.The acting is, by and large, ade¬quate. The company is not yet atits best in reading verse’. This need-a lot of practice. Annabella (RobAllen) gives a moving performance,with the right softness and innocence.Giovanni (Donald Marston) is les.-good. He is too easygoing and failedto carry conviction as someone reallytorn by conflicting emotions. Onlyin the moment of betrothal, when heand Ananbella kneel together did hicarry out fully the demands of tlxplot. Vasques was exactly right — acompound of coldness and fantasticenergy. The minor parts were uni¬formly well done, which Is extremelyrare in such pnxluctions. Hippolyta(Belly Hayes) was interpreted withgreat care and played excelk-nlly.Putana < Brenda Handforth) read well,but is too inclined to physical gestureswhich are exaggerated. VictoriaQuinn’s beautiful voice was brilliantlyutilized as Phiiotis.David Grene<Mr. Grene i« a lecturer on the Com¬mittee on Social Thought)DR. A. ZIMBLER, OptometristIN THENEW HYDE PARK SHOPPING CENTER1 SI 0 E. 55th St.DO 3-7644 DO 3-6664EYE EXAMINATIONSPRESCRIPTIONS PILLED CONTACT LENSESNEWEST STYLING IN FRAMESSTUDENT & FACULTY DISCOUNT Meet Gerald BourlandCulture notesShapiro art collection Gus, pace, george, flipNew Argonne computer systemsTl,e Shapiro Art Collection will bedistributed to students, faculty andemployees of the University onhursday at 3:30 pm.Pictures will be loaned on a first-f0ffie, first-served basis. Numbers toinsure this will be available at IdaNoves Hall on the day of the loanal 8:30 am when the building opens.Qualified people should bring IDturds and 50c to cover the cost ofUx loan.Hit collection is presently on dis¬play in Ida Noyes Hal] and repre-New Second CitySecond City has announced thatpreviews of its forthcoming satiricreview, “New York City’s Missing”ivill be given tonight and tomorrowevening at 9. The previews, intendedbriefly for students, will be free to>t first seventy students to call Mrs.June Mitchell, DE 7-3992.Contemporary musicThe Group for Contemporary Mu-sie at Columbia University will g.veihe third concert ir. the UC ChamberMusic Series on Friday, January 17,ir Mandel Hall.Featured will be the Chicago pre¬mier of Kchoi by Lukas Foss, as wellthe Sonata fur Hoboe iind Klavierby Stelan Woipe, and Pierre Boulez^•natine for flute and piano. Also tobe presented are Harvey Sollberger'sMusic for Flute and Piano, CharlesW jorinen's Piano Variations, and theSynchronisms for flute and ‘ape byMario Davidovsky.The concert begins at 8 30. Tickets. re S3; $1 for UC students. They maybe obtained from the Music Depart¬ment, 5802 South Woodlawn, ext.US85.At 3 30 Friday afternoon, JosefMarx, the oboist of the group, willv ve a lecture in the Ida NoyesLibrary on "The Function and Mean-.1’ of Mu.-ical Instrument Stapes.”T it-re is no admission charge. sents works by Rouault, Chagall,Braque, Chapin, Picasso, Lasansky,Berdich, Coen, Kahn, and manyothers.The collection is donated by JosephShapiro, a private collector, who is amember of the visiting committeein the department of humanities, anda member of the Renaissance Societyof UC.Writing contestCash prizes are being offered forthe best short story or novel, thebest play, and the best musical com¬position submitted in this year's Olgaand Paul Menu Foundation prizes.First prizes of $1,000 and secondprizes of $500 will be awarded in eachof the three categories.Manuscripts are due in the officeof Miss Jean Twones, department ofEnglish, Wieboldt 205, by April 1.Awards will be announced by the endof the Spring quarter.Qualified are UC students between20 and 25 on June 30 of this year,who are candidates for Bachelor’sdegrees during the year precedingJune 30, or who are candidates for3-year Master’s degrees with threeor more quarters work to be com¬pleted. They must also have beenfull-time students for at least sixquarters.More information is available fromEugene Goodheart, Gates Blake 308.Kurt WeillDiscount tickets are available forany seat in the house to students,administration, and faculty, for theMarthe Schlamme and Will Holt per¬formance of “The World of KurtWeill,” at the Little Theatre of Mc¬Cormick Place.$1.95 tickets are available for to¬day’s and tomorrow's shows at theHyde Park Credit Union in the NewHyde Park Shopping Center and atMcCormick Place. A new computer system, inwhich two electronic comput¬ers solve highly complicatedscientific problems by “talk¬ing together” as business associatesmight talk, is now in operation atArgonne National Laboratory.Each computer may consider adifferent aspect of the same prob¬lem, with the two machines compar¬ing their results before arriving at aconclusion. Or one of the computersmay be called on to act as “super¬visor,” telling his “employee” (an¬other computer) what to do, and re¬jecting unsatisfactory solutions untilthe proper decision is reached.In still another situation, the com¬puters may work independently, con¬sidering different problems or entirelydifferent aspects of the same problem.It is expected that this systemwill yield information on interactionbetween computer and between com¬puter and the jieople who use them.The system is called GUS. whichstands for GEORGE Unified System.Its principal components are: 1) amodified version of GEORGE, a largeelectronic digital computer which wasbuilt by Argonne six years ago, and2) FLIP, and even larger Argonne-built computer capable of performingextremely fast and accurate calcula¬tions in floating point arithmetic.The FLIP computer has been func¬tioning as an independent unit sinceearly 1963, but the GUS system hasjust become operational. A third com¬puter, an analog machine, soon willbe added to the system.GEORGE and FLIP share thesame high-speed memory, and at anygiven time there may be as manyas seven computers or other devicesin the system. The memory unitswhich are the heart of the GUS sys¬tem make it possible to obtain in¬formation instantly from three banksof tiny magnetic cores. Eack bankis capable of storing more than 8.000 words or numbers for GEORGE or4.000 words or numbers for FLIP.Other information for the computersis stored on the surface of a rotatingmagnetic drum and on reels of mag¬netic tape. Since this information can¬not be acquired instantly as it canfrom the magnetic cores, the drumand magnet memories are consideredto be supplementary.It takes only eight millionths of asecond to get information from themagnetic drum. But since this isstill too slow for many direct com¬putations, blocks of data from thedrum are transferred to the magneticcores for instantaneous use.The GUS system is a group projectof Argonne's Applied MathematicsDivision. Computer engineers, pro¬grammers, and research mathemati¬cians all contributed to the design ofGUS.Dr. W. F. Miller, Director of theDivision, and Richard A. Aschen-brenner, Associate Computer Engi¬neer, were responsible for the over-allsvstem design.PACE, a large, commercially-builtelectronic analog computer now inoperation at Argonne. soon will be¬come a part of the GUS system.Ibis computer does not handle num¬bers as such, as do the digital com¬puters GEORGE and FLIP. Rather.PACE measures and combines volt¬ages which represent the quantitiesin a physical system. It can simulatethe actual operation of an atomicreactor, of a nuclear physics experi¬ment, or of a living cell in a biologi¬cal system. Although analog machinesare very fast and flexible and cansolve complex sets of equations, theiraccuracy and logical capabilities arelimited.By utilizing the best features ofboth computers, digital and analog,GUS can solve complex problemsquickly and accurately. Interplay be¬tween these two components of GUSmight go something like this:GEORGE suggests a possible setCOUNT ON CHEVROLET TO BUILD THE ONE YOU WANTONE-STOP CHEVROLET SHOPPING never meantmore than it does today. Five lines to choose from—starting with the Jet-smooth luxury Chevrolet, then thetotally new Chevelle, the better-than-ever Chevy II, sportyCorvair, and the exciting Corvette Sting Ray. And you vej. models and 22 engines to choose from.vrolet’s Impala Super Sport series tops thelii.tup with luxury you’ll love to get used to. Chevelle has the room you want in a size you can handle.Chevy II’s handsome in sparkling new trim. Corvairs for’64 enjoy crisp styling accents and more power—nearly 19 «more horsepower in the standard engine.The famous CorvetteSting Ravs have a smoother ride and smarter interiors.Put all this choice together and you see whyvou can count on Chevrolet to build the one youwant in ’64! And it’s at your Chevrolet dealers! of conditions on a problem so thatits solution might have the desiredproperties. PACE then simulates thecorresponding physical situation,solves the problem quickly, and turnsthe rough answer over to GEORGE.If the results are unsatisfactory, newconditions are imposed and PACEtries again. \Wien the results arefinally acceptable, GEORGE asksFLIP to solve the problem carefullyand in detail, and then prints outthe final answer plus an indication ofhow good that answer may be.In the sense that a design is “frozen”so that it cannot be changed once aproduct is ready for production, theGUS system at Argonne may neverbe finally completed, according to Dr.Miller. The system is so flexible that;special-purpose equipment for solvingunique problems or for mathematicalresearch can be added without im¬pairing its ability to handle generalproblems. As many as seven inde¬pendent computers or devices canshare GUS s memory units simul¬taneously.EYE EXAMINATIONFASHION EYEWEARCONTACT LENSESDr. FCurt RosenbaumOptometrist1200 East 53rd Street53-Kimbark PlazaHYde Fork 3-8372Student and FacultyDiscountOFFSET PRINTINGMBLTIUTHINGDISSERTATIONSCLASS MATERIALSPOSTERSFLYERSBUSINESS STATIONERYEVERGREEN OFFSET3230 EAST 63rd STREETFA 4 6360 • 363-4363THE GREAT HIGHWAY PERFORMERS Chevrolet • Chevelle • Chevy II • Corvair • CorvetteSee them at your Chevrolet Showroom THEORIENTATIONBOARDPRESENTSAPANELDISCUSSION‘‘The college within theUniversity: Where do westand and where arc wegoing.”WEDNESDAY,JANUARY 15,1964 - 8:00 PMSOCIALSCIENCES 122Jon. 14, 1964 • CHICAGO MAROON • 5★ G A D F IY ★General education is antistudent, antiknowlebgeAfter only one quarter at the Uni¬versity of Chicago I am convincedthat the general education programfor undergraduates needs to be great¬ly revised or eliminated. On papergeneral education sounds good. Itsounds good that all undergraduatesshould have a common background;that all undergraduates should knowa certain basic amount of material.Give the poet math. Give the mathe¬matician history. Give the historianbiology. The benefits, it would seem,are enormous. Yet looking closer atthe program and the real judges ofit, the students, one can only con¬clude tint it fails.It fails in that it is antistudent,antiknowledge. It allows for no dis¬crepancies. no individual differences.It sets up a mold of fundamentalknowledge which all must fit. Thusthe arriving student at Chicago whohas a love of history or biologywill usually discover that he has‘placed out’ of history or biology andcannot pursue these subjects for twoyears. His love of knowledge isthwarted and he is channeled intoother fields which the administrationdeems best that he learn.Historically, a reason for the gen¬eral education requirements was thatit brought an order, a metaphysics,to the university, as opposed to thechaos characteristic of the purelyelective system. This factor has, Ithink, largely disappeared and we areleft with the concept of the liberaleducation. Liberal education says ineffect that all undergraduates musttake “a common block of generaleducation in the basic areas of humanknowledge.” (College Announce¬ments).Reasons given for requiring tillsgeneral education are usually that 1)every civilized man should know thecontent of these courses 2) withthese courses the student will beable to adapt, analyze, and copewith the modem world 3) with thiscommon background communicationbetween specialists will be greatlyfacilitated 4) such study gives thestudent intellectual discipline 5) theprogram exposes the student to manyareas of knowledge and thus the stu¬dent is more capable to ciioose hismajor field of study.Underlying all this is a fallacy. Itis a fallacy which I would think thatany educator would recognize — sim¬ply that a student cannot be coercedinto learning. Knowledge cannot becrammed into a student’s brain. Thedesire to learn must come from with¬in and within only.The college is placed in a rolesimilar to that of the overanxiousparent demanding that the son besuccessful in a field in which hehas no talent. If a student lovesmath and dislikes language and heis put into a language class, the re¬sults are usually negative. He maypass the course, even receive A’s, yetit will all be memorization, andmemorization which wall be forgottenUie day after the course is over. He cannot learn the language unlesshe wants to. And if he wants tolearn it, it need not be required.Thus, though it may be true thatevery civilized man should know thecontent of the general educationcourses, he will not unless he de¬sires to. The role of the college,therefore, should not be to requirethese courses, but to explain to thestudent why all these courses arenecessary and desirable, ami thenlet the student do as he wishes.The liberal educator looks withtrepidation at the elective system. Heforesees students taking four yearsof courses in one narrow field. Lib¬eral educators underrate the intelli¬gence of the students. Studies ofthe elective system during its firstyears at Harvard have shown that fewstudents specialize for all four years.Is it inconceivable that the historystudent will choose to take a biologycourse? The math student a poetrycourse? Few students enter collegewith such a commitment to onearea of learning that they will takeno courses in another field.The second reason for general edu¬cation is that by requiring a commonbackground, communication will befacilitated between specialists. Thereis no doubt that communication be¬tween specialists is an importantproblem today. It is absurd, though,to think that this will solve it to anymeasure. Does the university reallybelieve that after the student takesthe one year required math he willbe able to talk about math to thestudent doing advanced mathematicalresearch? The answer is evident. Ifthe University really believes thatthis is the way to further communi¬cation, it should then logically re¬quire many years of math, biology,history, etc. The answer to this prob¬lem obviously does not lie with gen¬eral education.In regard to achieving intellec¬tual discipline. I can only again saythat this will come in the fields astudent wants to learn. The scientistwill become disciplined in science,not Latin. I quote from C. W. Eliot,President of Harvard, 1869; “To mymind the only justification of anykind of discipline ... is the attain¬ment of the appropriate end of thatdiscipline. It is a waste for societyand an outrage upon the individualto make a boy spend the years whenhe is most teachable in a disciplinethe end of which he can neverreach . .The last point for general educa¬tion contains a little more truth thanthe others. There are some studentswho come to college with an ideaof their major, and through tlie gen¬eral education courses realize theirmistake. No one can say, though,that these students would not dis¬cover their error on their own. Inany case, it is unjust to subject allstudents to all fields for the sake ofa few.Otlier factors of the general edu¬cation program come to mind. AtIjanuary 17,1964 IResearch I Development Engineering I Man- !ufacturing (Engineering) I Business Adminis- Itration I Programming I Marketing/Sales |I Systems Engineering I |If you cannot attend the interview, I ^write or call: ■ |W. B. Merrill, Branch Manager I ,IBM Corp. I 9415 S. Western Avenue I »Chicago 20, Illinois I PR 9-8000. I jIII1 Chicago the student does not haveto attend classes; this is hailed bysome as a great freedom, a greatresponsibility. It is, in fact, a fraud.It is an empty freedom indeed, whichentitles the student to decide whetherto attend class, but not to decidewhether to take the class in the firstplace. It is more meaningful to al¬low the students to choose theircourses and then require attendance.Of course, attendance would prob¬ably not be mandatory since the stu¬dents would want to be present.Isn't the teacher reluctant to teacha general education class which heknows many students are not attend¬ing by choice? What is more de¬moralizing than attempting to teachthose who don’t want to learn? Theelective system would also have theadvantage of ‘weeding out’ poorcourses which would collapse for lackof students.The general education programalso negates any concept of the growthof the student. It insists that Uie stu¬dent must learn the fundamentaLblockof knowledge’ now. It does not takeinto consideration that one learnsthroughout life. Thus, for example,the science student may not desireto learn a language now. but mayin ten years. He may desire to learnit because he is traveling to a foreigncountry or liecause translations ofmaterials he needs for his researchare lacking. It only matters that hehas the motive to learn.In a similar manner, a student maynot wish to learn biology’, history,social sciences now, but may in tenyears. F. Bowles, director of educa¬tional programs at the Ford Founda¬tion, has said, “the cultivation oftalent as it is now, has all the appear¬ances of forced feeding.” There isno rush—the student should be fedwhen he is hungry.The student in general educationbecomes accustomed to studying,writing papers on courses he dislikes.There is no harm if this is doneinfrequently, but the student whomust do this continually develops afacility to disassociate himself fromthe subject he is studying. He losesthe ‘love of learning’ which the col¬lege should imbue in the student.Instead, the student must look forother outlets. In a sense college doesprepare students ‘for life,’ for wliena student can study, write on, andpass subjects he dislikes, he is onlya small step away from getting ajob after he graduates which he dis¬likes and spending the remainder ofhis life at it.In Ae final analysis, general edu¬cation says in effect that ihe studentcannot be trusted. It says that thestudent left to himself is not able tochoose and therefore Acre must bea program prescribed for him. Itpresupposes Aat students left tothemselves cannot learn; it does notunderstand Aat Ais is the only wayAe student can learn.‘‘This lack of independence (of theAmerican student) also has some¬ thing to do with the prevailing Amer¬ican notion that a student is a per¬son untrained and immature, whois in higher education to be taught,rather than to learn. The studentcannot be expected under the condi¬tions to develope habits of independ¬ent reading or study, and not manygraduates of American colleges anduniversities exhibit such habits.”This statement comes from the lead¬er of general education theory, Rob¬ert Hutchins. If the student is tobecome independent, and assumingthis is one of the goals of education,the student must choose courses byhimself. And after twelve years ofeducation, only the individual studentknows what is best for him. He mayask for guidance and aid in choosingcourses, but the course of studyshould not be forced upon him.Considering all Aese factors onewould Aink that there would be astrong anti - general educationgroup. It would seem that Aestudents would demand an end togeneral education and more freedomin choosing courses. Curkiusly, thisis not Ae case. One is amazed tofind that Aough few students believein Ae general education program,few Aink of change as a realisticalternative. They instead Aink ofways to ‘beat* Ae system, i.e. totake the general education coursesover four years in order to ‘dilute’Aem with electives, or to purposelydo badly in placement tests in sub¬jects Acy like so Aey can takethem.To be fair, there are students whostoutly uphold the general educationprogram. These students are diffi¬cult to explain. They seem to belike the Christians of Dostoxevsky’sGrand Inquisitor, only too anxiousto hand away their freedom. Theydon’t want to face the possibilitythat they can choose any course.Nearly every entering student feelssome inadequacy when faced wiAa large selection of courses. Forthose who feel particularly inadequate,and for those who believe fully intlie liberal education, there is no rea¬son why Aere could not be a volun¬tary general education program inwhich Aey could enroll.General education has been thepolicy of the University of Chicagofor several decades. But it is a char¬acteristic of a great university thatit will even question its foundations.Though the question of prescribedverses elective curriculum has beendiscussed before, Aere is a need toreopen Ae discussion. The goals ofgeneral education are fine, in prac¬tice general education not only failsbut creates an unliappy and alienatedstudent. Electives will not solve allthe ills of the University and its stu¬dents, but at least there will be nodichotomy between what a studentwants to learn and what he mustpass; no student wall be faced wiAthe delemma of deciding whether toput down Ae books he loves so as to pick up Ae subjects he dislikes butmust take.Many colleges realize some of Aeseproblems and have a curriculumwhich is more flexible Aan Chicago’s,i.e. a student must choose a history ,a natural science, a social science,etc.; not this history, Ais social sci¬ence, etc. This is an improvement,but it is still far from perfect. Auniversity should be a communitywhere students learn what Aey love,and Ae instructors teach those wholove to leant.I close wiA a quote from PaulGoodman's Community of Scholars.‘‘It is good In principal for a m;into know literature and history, theworkings of society, a natural sci¬ence, and mathematics. But I amless and less convinced that pre¬scribing these studies to undergradu¬ates has any relation whatever totheir mature use and knowledge ofAem. There is perhaps more ho;*in suggesting a new kind of e\|jeri-ence to a youth when he seemsstarved for it, and so broadeninghis culture. . . . Furthermore ifthere is a real encounter in a stu-dium generale, of teachers with teach¬ers, students wiA students, and teach¬ers with students, there is bound to liea kind of humanism. Communica¬tion, common language, comes fromgood will and encounter, not fromstudying uie same master Text Book.... A teacher may have someAingimport ;int for youth to hear, butthere is no use prescribing it. Eitherthey gravitate to it, or Aey willnot learn it.”Russell Jacobyhere is a boohI ha I ishei/)in(f nsloget alongwith othersinterview: \“The future depends on people with ideas.”This statement helps explain the work at IBMtoday: seeking and finding new ways to handleinformation, planning and building new machin¬ery for the task, exploring wholly new methods.I The demand for ideas has never been greater.If you’d like to check into the new things going onat IBM—and the significant professional oppor¬tunities opening up there for men and women—see your college placement officer and make anappointment to talk with IBM representatives. IIBM is an Equal Opportunity Employer. IMOVE AHEAD-SEE tfiuAJDJY1* Satisfying human relationshipscan make a big difference be¬tween success and failure in col¬lege. Whether it’s a roommate, aprofessor, you? family, or friends,you want to get along well withthem. We are learning a lot aboutthis through our study of theChristian Science textbook,Science and Health with Key tothe Scriptures by Mary BakerEddy. You can, too.We invite you to come to ourmeetings and to hear how weare working out our problemsthrough applying the truths ofChristian Science.CHRISTIAN SCIENCEORGANIZATIONThe University of ChicagoMeeting time: 7:15 p.m. Tuesday*Meeting piece: Thorndike HiltonMemorial CkepelScience and Wealth i* available cd «#Christian Science Heading Room* and at mangcollege bookstores. Paperback Edition $1.96.9The Cardingf provokes reaction Sustain Oistrakh legendCatholic problems exposed-ineptly despite McCormick PlaceTHE CARDINAL is an ex¬pensively bound catalogue ofcontroversial Catholic prob-Joms. It touches on everytroublesome issue from miracles toabortion, including bigotry, intermar¬riage, Darwin, and the Nazis. Butthe pseudo-serious script (convenient¬ly set in the past to take the realsting out of its critical barbs) skipsfrom issue to issue without dwelling^)ng enough to express or provokeany intelligent thought, often avoid¬ing the real moral issues at hand,THE CARDINAL, like The UglyAmerican, is a simplistic presenta¬tion of topics that deserve airing, butit is also one thing the Brando opuswasn't — a cardinal bore. Producer-“ h&rector Otto Preminger loves to con¬struct commercially topical block¬busters such as Man With the GoldenArm, Advise and Consent, and Ex¬odus. But his flair for financial en¬gineering and posh publicity far out¬weigh his abilities as director. Thissanctimonious epic is only aboutthree hours long, but in Preminger’shands it seems more like Two YearsBefore the Mas.Preminger uses his camera withunobtrusive efficiency, but his vacu¬ous reticence is something less thantactful craftsmanship. The visualaura of the film, though richly photo¬graphed by Leon Shamroy, is soundynamic that a lengthy close-up ofHomy Schneider near the end of thestory impresses the lulled viewer asthe only close shot in the wholepicture.A comparative glance at some oft'he scenes in THE CARDINAL in¬dicates how little director Premingerseems to have learned from his moreaccomplished contemporaries. His re¬ligious scenes lack all the sinceredignity and hypnotic beauty of thosein The Nun’s Story and are thusentirely forgettable. His treatment of- , * panic provoked by an alleged mir¬acle can be compared only ludicrous¬ly with a similar sequence in La Dolce Vita. Preminger’s gross viewof Southern bigotry has none of themenacing authenticity of Kazan's inWild River.The title character is a stock figuresurrounded by familiar stereotypessuch as the chauvanistic Irish, folksypriests, and (despite the presence ofassistant director Eric Von StroheimJr.) the heartless, deluded Nazis.Characters sometimes walk and put¬ter about the screen with no apparentpurpose or entertainment value.There is too much dialogue. The mobscenes are sloppy.Robert Morse, star of How to Su-ceed in Business Without ReallyTrying, lends his considerable talentto a cute musical number that is en¬tirely superfluous. At one point aloyal parishioner washes the feet ofa dying priest. Some music here,some symbolish there, that’s whatlittle films are made of.The one pertinent issue aboutwhich THE CARDINAL might havesaid something worthwhile is clois¬tered virtue, the conflict of intellectand action, of high thoughts and gooddeeds.Upon leaving Rome, the new priestcommits a series of youthful blundersin assorted real-world crises. Despitehis rapid rise in the ecclesiasticalranks, he decides to take a leave ofabsence from the church in orderto choose between being “a milkwagon nag or a race horse.” (Holly-woodese for worker or intellectual).As a horse of a different collar,he meets Romy Schneider whose in¬tense desire to marry him sends himback to the Vatican because, heexplains later, “you taught me howto love again.” Back in the church,he commits a second series of blund¬ers but is vindicated for his cour¬ageous missionary exploits in oneof the world’s most heathan locales,Georgia.After the hero is brutally whippedby the KKK, one of the participatingmembers returns to help the victim.‘‘Are you a Catholic?” asks the ec¬ clesiastical Horatio Alger. “Nope”says the repentent rustic. “Then,”inquires the priest, in an astonishingdisplay of his faith in mankind, “Whyare you doing this?”Undoubtedly this is Preminger’sway of telling us that there is onegood man in Sodom after all. as thecontrite vandal helps the bleedingpriest. Preminger forgives the South,and our hero returns to the Vaticanfor his promotion. Preminger’s sol¬ution to the Catholic dilemma? —action in Georgia; piety in Rome.Very neat, very phony.The title character is played byTom Tryon, who graduated fromYale in Fine Arts, then ended upworking for Walt Disney as an actor.Rather than risk ruffling his all-American good looks Tryon playsthe whole film with two expressions— collar on and collar off. Evenwhen he is being whipped on bareflesh, his expression remains totallyvague. This inertness is probably acombination of Tryon‘s lack of act¬ing ability and Preminger’s conceptof pious strength. It is hard to imag¬ine a more bourgeois, meaninglessportrayal of a man of religion.The film is full of stars, has-beens,and never-weres, outstanding amongwhom is director John Huston. Asthe crusty Father Glennon, he faltersa bit at first but soon settles into aperformance of mellow strength thatis real fun to watch. When he moanswith seasickness it is obvious that,like a good ham actor and a goodpriest, he is enjoying the hell out ofhis role. In one sense, THE CARD¬INAL will elicit a genuine religiousreaction — many mebers of the audi¬ence will be praying for it to end.Those who do not heed film reviewsshould take it as deserved retribu¬tion and should do penance by seeingthree Ingmar Bergmans in a row(or one Luis Bunuel) and buying aseries ticket to the next Doc Filmsprogram.— S K The Legend of David andIgor Oistrakh has been seep¬ing around for some time, andon Sunday they finally madetheir first joint Chicago appearancein a concert with the Chicago Sym¬phony.The father and son violin teamhad quite a bit working against them.Foremost was that overheated ele¬phant barn, McCormick Place. Youmight argue that the performers’ceaseless struggle to make them¬selves heard, coupled with the audi¬ence’s ceaseless struggle to hear,brought everyone together into somesort of intimate unity. Unfortunately,unity founded upon the rock of com¬mon agony is not particularly ad¬vantageous at a concert. And, atleast in the back of the balcony, theinvolvement with the performerswhich should characterize a good liveconcert was replaced by a mereawareness of them.Intermittent noises (cannon shots?)which filtered into the auditorium atmost inappropriate times did not con¬tribute to the event, nor, for thatmatter, did the sloppiness of theseemingly unrehearsed Chicago Sym¬phony, which at times even made meproud to be a New Yorker.However, the Oistrakhs also had agreat deal working in their favor:they are superior artists. And thatwas enough to compensate for every¬thing else.The program opened with the BachConcerto for Two Violins, which has,in effect, become their theme song.The approach might not be to every¬one’s liking:.very romantic, full, andheavy, with some questionable liber¬ties in tempo and phrasing. But onehad to admire their uncanny violinplaying: two performers, in nearlyperfect rapport, almost as one in¬strument, yet each maintaining hisown interpretive and tonal personal¬ity, with a resulting performancebuilt solidly ujxjn unerring together¬ness and, at the same time, unmis¬takable contrast between the moreaustere David and the more una¬bashedly romantic Igor.-The price is inspirational, too! BIC is the world’s finest writing instrument—costsonly 190. Only BIC is guaranteed* to write first time every time. BIC’s “Dyamite" BallPoint is the hardest metal made by man. Get a BIC, now at your campus store.BIC “Crystal” 190. BIC pens available with blue, red, green, black ink. Made inU.S.A. *For replacement send pen to: WATERMAN-BIC PEN CORP., MILFORD. CONN. Tliis was followed by the MozartConcerto No. 5 in A, with David asconductor and soloist. It was an in¬trospective, almost tense, perform¬ance, with the severe and statelydominating over the exuberent andthe spontaneous. Technique and tonewere of the unusually high qualityto which this performer has accus¬tomed us.For this listener, however, it wasIgor’s performance of the Tchaikov¬sky Concerto w'hich highlighted theconcert. Tchaikovsky isn’t too muchin favor among the “sophisticated”these days, and there is a currenttendency to deromanticize his musicby eschewing its excesses, henceobliterating its character.Igor, however, abstains from noromantic indulgences: wide vibrato,freedom of tempo, drawing out ofphrases, squeezing of rich sugarytone from his instrument. The com¬bination of his often awesome tech¬nique, and conductor David’s holdingdown of the orchestra (which wasoften in the wrong place anyway)underscored the virtuoso aspects ofthe performance. Corny? Of course.And while this tears-in-the-samovarapproach might have made terribleBeethoven, we must remember thatit was applied to Tchaikovsky . . .and magnificent Tchaikovsky re¬sulted.Obviously, the legendary skill ofthe Oistrakhs is more than a myth.Let us hope for their speedy return,this time to a hall where we canreally get a chance to hear them.Pete RabinowitzToo subtlefor WilliamsThe main flaw in the Good¬man Theatre production ofThe Glass Menagerie is rathersubtle — a misemphasis of theimportance of certain interrelation¬ships among the characters—but itis a flaw that mars the delicate webTennessee Williams has woven.The play is by no means Williams’masterpiece. Certain events in theplay lack verisimilitude, and severalincidents seem to have been insertedtor sheer shock value: by Aristotelianstandards these faults are indeedserious. Nevertheless, there is attimes a provocative music in thelines, a poetry as fragile ns Laura sglass figurines.The plot concerns a family livingin a St. Louis alley in the late thir¬ties : Amanda Wingfield (PeggyWood) and her children Tom(Charles Geraci), and Laura (MarthaGalphin). Tom supports the familyby working in a warehouse, andcompromises with his adventurousspirit by getting drunk every night.Laura, an abnormally shy girl, staysat home and amuses herselt withthe collection of tiny glass animalsaround which her dream world cen¬ters. Her mother lives in a dreamworld of her own: the balls andcotillions ol her home in the Souththirty years before. Amanda’s wishis to amass a collection of gentleman-callers for Laura, and she nags herson into inviting a fellow worker, JimO’Connor (David Mink), to come tosupper. The soiree turns into apathetic fiasco, at the conclusion ofwhich Tom leaves home to free him¬self of his oppressive family.In order to make meaningful thelast scene, in which Tom tries toexorcise the haunting vision of hissister—it is necessary that strong,though subtle emphasis be placed onthe bond between them. In this pro¬duction, however, director PatrickHenry has concentrated attention onthe relations between mother and sonand between mother and daughter.The brother-sister bond gets lostsomewhere, and this makes the lastscene corny and meaningless insteadof poignant.Whatever the peccadillos of theactors, the failure of The GlassMenagerie lies with the director. Inchanging what is important in theplay to what is incidental, he hascreated a tasteless, if funny, familycomedy with pathetic interruptions.To do such violence to the work ofan artist of Tennessee Williams’stature is inexcusable. While it ishardly profound, the play deservesserious presentation: the productionat the Goodman is fit only tor thetelevision audience.David RichterJan. 14, 1964 • CHICAGO MAROON • 7Rev. Kent preaches on Negro historyThe liberal white can helpmost in the struggle for Ne¬groes’ civil rights by inform¬ing himself of the his ton' ofNegroes in America, said Jack A.Kent, pastor of the First UnitarianChurch in his sermon Sunday.One of the main things whites canteam in such a study is that Negroeshave “fought for the American dreamthroughout our history," Kent said.They have made important contribu¬tions to the intellectual, cultural, politi¬cal. economic and military Life of thecountry, he continued.Struggle not newNegro history, Kent pointed outalso shows that the "big push" forequal rights and constitutional liber¬ties is not a recent novelty, but hasbeen going on for a long time. Whitesneed to know more about these strug¬gles, he stressed and the image ofthemselves which the struggles re¬flect on the whites. The history ofthe Negro tells whites something aboutthemselves, because the two racesare linked together.Wo rid wide importanceFinally, he said, such study willshow that Americans must remem¬ber that they act in a world-widecontext, and cannot be hypocriticalabout civil rights and still expect tolead the free world.In the past. Kent began, the Westwas “the arch-aggressor of moderntimes.” using historian Arnold Toyn¬bee’s phrase. Now, the former colonial peoples have thrown off colonialism,he continued, forcing their formermasters through a “revolution ofthought.”First Negroes in AmericaTile first Negroes in the Americasaccompanied the original explorers,Kent recounted. After colonies wereestablished, the first group of Negroescame to Jamestown in 1619, landedby a raider which had taken themfrom a ship bound for the WestIndies. They came as free men, how¬ever, not slaves. For about fortyyears Negroes in Jamestown weretreated exactly as equals with whites,Kent said.When tobacco became an impor¬tant crop, and workers were needed,Jamestown tried first to enslave notthe Negroes, but the native Indians,he continued. These slipped into theforests too easily, however. Thefarmers tried enslaving their fellowwhites, and only when this provedtoo difficult did they transform theNegroes into slaves. There were nohome governments to protect therights of Negroes taken from Africaas there were to safeguard whites,he pointed out.Increase in numbersBy the time of the Revolution,about half a million Negroes were inthe Colonies. Many of these playedimportant roles in the light for in¬dependence. In fact, the first personkilled by the British was the leaderof the Boston patriots who rioted in tlie Boston massacre, who was arunaway slave.Ineffective abolitionAfter the revolution, slavery wasabolished in the North, and was ex¬piring in the South until the inven¬tion of the cotton gin. This encouragedincreased importation of slaves, andpassage of “Black Codes” which de¬fined slaves as property, not persons.Freedmen's BureauIncreased activity of abolitionists,beginning around the 1830’s, led to theCivil War and emancipation. WithReconstruction and the activities ofthe Freedmen’s Bureau. Kent said,came the Negro's period of greatestenjoyment of constitutional rights.The Bureau helped find jobs, andestablished schools for former slaves.Negroes were able to exercise theirpolitical rights, and the Civil RightsBill of 1875 assured their right to usepublic accommodations, subject only torestrictions imposed on everyone else,of whatever race.Dark period followsThe collapse came in 1877, whenRutherford B. Hayes was elected,helped by a deal with the SouthernDemocrats. The 1875 bill was de¬clared unconstitutional in 1883. and inthe Plessy vs. Ferguson case in 1896.“separate but equal” facilities werecondoned. The situation was nothelped. Kent said, by the position ofNegroe leader Booker T. Washington,who did not object to “social” segre¬ gation. only segregation in common,economic efforts.There followed a period in theSouth in which the brutality shownby whites toward Negroes could becompared only to that of the Nazistoward the jews, Kent commented.Lynchings became “a mixture ofsport-vengeance,” and were even ad¬vertised in advance in newspapers.Jim Crow laws enforced completesegregation in all facilities, from hos¬pital to mortuary.Progress renewedSoon after the turn of the century,when many of these laws werepassed, groups were formed to helpfight their injustices. The NationalAssociation for the Advancement ofColored People was begun in 1909.followed closely by the Urban Leaguein 1910. The fight has been waged in many ways for many years, Kentconcluded.During the service, Rev. Kent reada message received from BradfordLyttle, a member of the congregationwho is participating in a march or¬ganized by tlie Student Non-violentCo-ordinating Committee from Canadato Guantanamo Naval Base in Cuba.Lyttle was among the group ofmarchers arrested three weeks agowhile walking through Albany, Ga.Lyttle and the others fasted in’ theirjail cell, and some of his companion-,he said, have been transferred to thehospital for treatment.Letters askedLyttle asked the congregation towrite to Illinois Senators, Douglas andDirksen to ask for an investigation ofwhether the marchers’ rights havebeen violated, and to Georgia Gov¬ernor Sanders, to ask his intercessionwith Albany police.THE DAWN OF A NEW AGE: REFLECTIONS ONSCIENCE AND HUMAN AFFAIRSby Euqen* RobinowticbA selection of essay on the implication* of our times, by the editor of theBulletin of the Atomic Scientists. *6.95A MONETARY HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES 1867-1960by Milton Friedman and Anna Jacobson SchwartsThe first comprehensive analytical history of the United States money stock andits behavior. $15.00THEODORE ROETHKEby Ralph J. Milts Jr.Excerpts from selected poems by Theodore Roethke. iScThe University of Chicago Bookstore5802 Ellis Ave.STAND TALL!with the leaderin Worldwide CommunicationsIllinois Bell Telephone Companywill interview on campusJan. 21 (at the Graduate School)Would you like to work with a company that starts you in aresponsible position? Insists that you move up in your job?Promotes from within? Gives you a present, as well as a future?Then the Bell Telephone System may offer just the oppor¬tunity you’re looking for.You’ll learn the exciting field of communications.. .withadvancement dependent on your ability. You’ll develop yourability to direct and work with people ... and you’ll be work¬ing with one of the fastest-growing, most vital industries inthe world.In your work, you’ll be associated with the company thathas developed the Telstar satellite, the transistor... and theOptical Maser-perhaps the greatest single communicationsdevelopment since the transistor.If you are in the upper-half of your class-with either a tech¬nical or a non-technical degree-Bell System interviewers arevery much interested in talking to you. Simply make anappointment at your placement office.Bell System Team Interviews:Libral Arts and Sciences;Business Administration GraduatesJanuary 21Illinois Sell Telephone CompanyAn nonnr'iun'tyILLINOIS BELL TELEPHONE HYDE PARK SHOE REPAIR1451 E. 57th ST.HY 3-1247Serving The University Community torwell over 40 YearsLeica • Bolex • NikonHasselblau • Pentax • RobertsMODEL CAMERA1342 E. 55 HY 3-9259RENT-A-CARPER DAYcI PER MILEATOMIC CARRENTALS, INC.7057 Stony IslandMl 3-5155Co^EAUTY SALONExpertPermanent WavingandHair Cuttingby Max and Alfred1350 E. 53rd S». HY 3-83023 • CHICAGO MAROON • Jan. 14, 1964