Munro analyzes UN role Voting ends todayLeslie MunroThe North Atlantic Treaty Or¬ganization is not a substitute forthe United Nations. The absenceol some of the free nations fromNATO prevents it from serving,in any sense, as a symbol of thefree world, according to Sir LeslieK. Munro.Munro was the Presidentof the 12th General Assemblyof the United Nations. Hespoke to some 250 people inthe Law School Auditorium on thetendency of Western powers towork through NATO instead of theUN.“I think there is no doubt thatin many foreign capitols the use ofthe United Nations as an instru¬ ment of foreign policy is under¬going considerable change.”But he pointed out that it is notthe small nations that are inclinedto bypass the organization. “Thismatter of having a forum is veryimportant for us. In the UN wecan really say what we like.”Munro is from New Zealand.He conceded that the UN mustbe judged by the criterion of itsability to preserve the peace. “Itis, of course, well known that cer¬tain problems threatening thepeace have been solved outside theUnited Nations.” He cited thepeace talks following the Frenchsurrender of North Viet Nam asan example of a problem whichwas resolved under the auspicesof the UN, but one in which theUnited Nations had a relativelyminor role in the actual negotia¬tions.“If you look at the problem ofdisarmament it will be settled, ifit is to be settled, outside the UNby an agreement among the majorpowers.”But, Munro pointed out that “theUN operation in Katanga may beattended by far greater successthan is now anticipated.” TheCongo policy, according to Munro,is a new development in the his¬tory of the international organiza¬tion. For although the UN is em¬powered by its Charter to prevent civil war the question of secessionis quite a different thing.“But I think, however, that theUnited Nations is not by-passedwhen a state is compelled to actin self-defense. The United Nationshas not shown any capacity to dealwith internal subversion as in thecase of Czechoslovakia or Cuba,”he said.Turning to those means whichcould be used to strengthen the or¬ganization, Munro said: “In eco¬nomic and cultural matters the or¬ganization is not always used, butI think it should be increasinglyso used.“Benevolent unilateral aid shouldgo through the United Nations forunilateral aid is frequently asso¬ciated with the self-interest ofeither the recipient or the donornation.” Today is the final day ofvoting on the recall of thir¬teen College representativesand on the provisions of theStagg scholarships.Ballot boxes will be in CobbHall, Mandel Hall, and the SocialSciences Building from 9:30 to 4:15.From 4:30 to 7 pm, they will be inC-Group Blackstone, and 5400Greenwood.Only students in the College mayvote on whether to recall thetwelve POLIT members and oneindependent representative whosupportd SG's Cuba resolution lastOctober.Both graduate and undergraduatestudents may vote, however, on theStagg scholarship poll.684 students voted Wednesdayand 265 yesterday on the recall.About 130 graduates, as well as the 949 undergraduates voted on theStagg scholarship poll.The votes will be tallied tonight,starting at 7:30, in the EastLounge on the second floor of IdaNoyes Hall. Any students who areinterested are invited to help. Allmembers of the Election and RulesCommittee must attend a meetingat 6:30 in the SG office.POLIT caucus SundayPOLIT will hold an open caucusSunday night to discuss the resultsof the recall election.If the thirteen SG representa¬tives up for recall are removedfrom office, the remaining mem¬bers of SG’s executive council, allof whom are members of POLIT,are constitutionally empowered tofill the vacancies in the Assembly.The caucus will be at 7:30 pm inIda Noyes Hall.Vol. 71 — No. 56 University of Chicago, Friday, January 25, 1963Dean asks reevaluation Profs aid Basutoland reformDean of the School of SocialService Administration AltonA. Linford suggested ways inwhich social service workerscould lessen the burden of publicassistance relief’ rolls in a speechdelivered yesterday to the annualmeeting of the Council on SocialWork Education at the StatlerHotel in Boston.Linford, who has been Dean ofSSA since 1956, said social insur¬ance and other similar programshad not fulfilled the expectationsthat they would gradually decreasethe need for public assistance.He said evidence of this failurewas the fact that the number ofpersons receiving public assistancehad increased by 34 per cent duringthe 1950’s. Linford pointed out thatthe 1962 provisions passed by Con¬gress for aiding unemployed par¬ents and providing a work reliefprogram would further increasethe taxpayers’ burden.Professional social workers, Lin¬ford believes, could help to cutdown public assistance relief rolls.Among means he suggested to ac¬complish this goal was the refocus¬ing of the aim of social work fromthe “harrassment of clients” to itstrue purpose of “rehabilitativeservices.” As examples of “harras-ment of clients,” Linford mentionedthe pre-occupation with eligibilitydetermination, fraud investigation,night raiding, illegitimacy, and thepurchasing of such “luxury” itemsas telephones, curtains on the win¬dows, and rugs on the floors.Linford offered four propositions aimed at improving the quality ofsocial work. He stated that it isnecessary to “differentiate thestrictly professional tasks in publicassistance and vigorously recruitqualified social workers to performthem, and thus provide a genuinelyprofessional service.”He also suggested planning a pro¬gram to train case aides, educa¬tional leave programs and grantsto schools of social work, and therecruitment and training of “non¬social workers to perform non-pro¬fessional tasks.”“I think that reunificationis really not a live issue anymore,” stated Roland Warren,international affairs r e p r e-sentative to Germany from theAmerican Friends Service Com¬mittee in a lecture last night inSocial Sciences 122,The lecture was sponsored bythe Student Peace Union and theNorman Wait Harris MemorialFoundation in International Rela¬tions.Although there are basic similari¬ties between the peoples of Eastand West Germany, there are out¬side forces which prevent theirreunification. For instance thereare strong tendencies on both sidesof the wall to fight for and appreci¬ate the fundamental rights ofcitizens. However the Soviet Unionwould never agree to a reunified,rearmed Germany that had a place by Ron DorfmanReform of the land-tenuresystem of Basutoland is beingundertaken by four Univer¬sity of Chicago faculty mem¬bers. The project was commis¬sioned last year by the ParamountChief of the British protectorate,Motlotlehi Moshoesoe II, at a UCLaw School conference on the newnations of Africa.The four are Denis V, Cowen,in the NATO camp, and at thesame time the United States insiststhat Germany be in that organiza¬tion.On the subject of a return toNazism, Warren feels that althoughthere are seeds for a Neo-Fascistmovement there is no danger ofone arising.Delay explainedLast week, the Maroon be¬came the University’s firstafternoon newspaper whenthe Maroon delivery boy’s carbroke down in the cold: yesterday,the Maroon became the Univer¬sity’s first evening newspaper whenour delivery boy’s car was hit by atruck. No. no one was hurt. Wehope in the future we can get theMaroon to you on time—if not foryour sake, for our delivery boy’ssake. It really is cold out. professor of law; Allinson Dunham,professor of law, Lloyd Fallers,associate professor of anthro¬pology; and Kwamena Bentsi-En-chill, senior teaching fellow andinstructor in African law at theLaw School. All four traveled toBasutoland last December in aneffort to “get some feeling forwhat the people wanted to do.”The problem arises, said Fabers,from the fact that initiative onthe part of individual farmers isstifled. When the harvest is over,all the land reverts to the com¬munity and is used for grazing,thus preventing experimentationwith crops and the growing season.Moreover, all of the land isowned, theoretically, by the Para¬mount Chief, who parcels it outto an hereditary class of minorchieftains. The arable land is di¬vided up into “lands” and eachfamily, according to tradition, isentitled to three “lands.” However,population pressures have cut al¬lotments to two “lands” perfamily, and some of the peoplethink that the chiefs are takingmore for themselves, said Fallers.The land is reallocated periodicallyto provide for increasing popula¬tion, creating insecurity in tenurewhich is not conducive to increas¬ing productivity.The ox and plow dominate theagricultural technology of thecountry, although more and morefarmers are using fertilizer andtractors are becoming more popu¬lar.The 800,000 Basutos live in smallvillages surrounded by the fields.The people live in round, circular,grass-roofed huts called ruanda.Although they grow corn andwheat and have a little livestock, said Dunham, their largest “ex¬port" is labor to the South Africangold mines. (Basutoland is an en¬clave in the Union of South Africa,between Johannesburg and Cape¬town.) Other exports include wooland mohair.Basutoland is at present makingthe last transitions to self-govern¬ment. Although administered bythe British Colonial Office there isnow a semi-representative Basuto¬land Council. Cowen, as legal ad¬visor to the constitutional com¬mission, drafted the present con¬stitution.The headwaters of the OrangeRiver are within the borders ofthe protectorate, and plans foreconomic development cab for theconstruction of a hydroelectricstation to supply power for sale toSouth Africa. Education is alreadyat a relatively advanced stage, ac¬cording to Fabers, as a result ofthe activity of French protestantmissionaries in the 19th Century.The Basutos have one of the high¬est literacy rates in Africa.Relations with the Union of SouthAfrica will be the country’s mostdelicate problem once independ¬ence is achieved. Since many Ba¬sutos work in South Africa andsince ab of Basutoland is withinthe territory of the Union, thenew government will have to treadcarefully in its relations with therest of black Africa and with theUnion.This problem was underscoredby some minor difficulties whichthe UC team ran into when theyvisited Basutoland last year. Bent-si-Enchill is a Ghanian. and wasrefused permission to stay at a(Continued on page 6)Reunification cannot comeMaroon extra tomorrowHutchinson Commons os the time for its closing approaches. The cafeteria is beingcjosed February 4 because it is "not an efficient food operation." Petitions are beingcirculated by students asking that the cafeteria remain open. The Maroon will publish an extra edition tomorrow,featuring the results of the recall and Stagg scholarshippoll. The issue will be reprinted as the center four pagesof Tuesday's paper, primarily for those readers who arenot on campus this weekend.Tomorrow's Maroon will be delivered to the follow¬ing places:New Dorm, Burton-Judson Courts, Pierce Tower, Inter¬national House, C-Grou'p, Blackstone, Snell-Hitchcock,Mandel Hall, the UC Bookstore, Harper Library, BillingsHospital, The Quadrangle Club, The House of Tiki, theNational Bank of Hyde Park, the University National Bank,the Co-op, Acasa Bookstore, Kim's Pharmacy,. Nicky'sPizzeria, Jimmy's, Stern's, Calvert Club, the Alumni Office,Woodworth's Bookstore, the newstand at 57th and Ken¬wood, the Green Door Bookstore, Laughiin Hall, ChapelHouse, the University Barbershop, Chapel House, CTS,Disciples Divinity House, Brent House, and the HydePark Theatre.EDITORIALSHave the decency to voteAs the recall vote comes to a close, we would like to urge allstudents who have not voted to please vote. Thus far, less than halfof the College has voted. Whether the SG representatives are recalledor not, this small turnout is disgraceful. It indicates that if these rep¬resentatives are kept in office, fewer than half the students theyrepresent cared enough to take a moment and indicate their desirefor the continuation of SG activities. On the other hand, if thesestudents are recalled, it will have taken fewer than half the studentsin the College to in effect destroy Student Government.We reiterate our plea to students not to vote for recall, not tocondone the effective collapse of Student Government. We must remindthe student body that very few of their number other than the thirteenthey would recall have demonstrated any ability to take over SG proj¬ects. Several years ago, when the “action party” was the minority!>arty, just as POLIT’s “opposition,” the University Party is now, thisminority party, unlike UP, participated in SG projects, albeit in theirown name. When election time came around, they pointed to theprojects they had run, which, as it turned out, were most of theprojects accomplished that year by SG. This year, no party or groupof people aside from POLIT, and particularly aside from these 13people, has participated actively in SG's activities.We must remind students, then, that if they do not turn out to¬morrow en masse and vote against recall, they run the risk of allowingStudent Government on this campus to collapse. Some may think thisextreme, but the following list of the 13 representatives many jobsshould demonstrate this point:Vice President of SGSecretary of SGTreasurer of SG (The POLIT treasurer and the first to keepcomplete SG books)Chairman of the Campus Action CommitteeChairman of the NSA CommitteeChairman of the Student-Faculty Relations CommitteeBoth co-managers of the Student Book Co-opOrganizer of interim N.Y. travel (buses and, this spring, a flight)Former chairman of the Election and Rules Committee. (He ranthe autumn Cuba referendum)Organizer of a discussion series with students, faculty, and ad¬ministrationOrganizers of the Soc II lecture seriesOrganizer of the petition campaign against women’s hoursStudent working against the closing of Hutchison commonsStudents who collected books for SNCCCoordinator of a foreign student programOrganizer of this year’s consultant boardsOrganizer of the Woodlawn tutoring projectStudent attempting to organize College Curriculum CommitteeMajor organizers of the UC sit-insOrganizer of this year’s activity nightExecutive officer responsible for SG overseas charter flightcontractsHappy anniversary Letters to theHits uninformed votersQuote of the dayCompetition for teachers has become more ruthless than that forathletes.—Payson S. Wild, vice president and dean of faculties.Northwestern UniversityTIKI TOPICSHAPPY NEW YEARLadies and Gentlemenfrom House of Tiki!Thank you for a goodyear. We are happy ourdelicious food was pleas¬ing. Hearty greetings toour old friends and to allnewcomers, fromCIRALS,HOUSE OF TIKI‘‘Bottoms Up” is a gooddrinking toast.CIRALSHOUSE OF TIKI51st and LAKE PARKU. 1-7515Stop in and try our lunch specials. Big Things and ChangesAre Going To Happen AtGRUBY'SRAMBLER4555 S. Cottage GroveWatch for ads in Maroon forspecials and for a veryspecial announcement.See Steve Nobtefor this buy1959 Studebaker $Station wagon 595Radio, heater, automaticwhite wallsWith This Ad Only TO THE EDITOR:I would like to take this oppor¬tunity to congratulate you for yourfine issue of last Wednesday. Con¬sidering the importance of the twoissues which are presently beingdecided, both the statements bythe to be recalled SG membersand the discussion on the Staggscholarship giving the views ofthe Dean of Students, a prominentalumnus and faculty member, andseveral student leaders, were wellworth reading.Unfortunately, it seems tual manyundergraduates did not feel theneed to seek the information pro¬vided in the articles. I was sadlydisappointed by the reactions ofmany students in Cobb HallWednesday morning,* soon afterthe Maroon had been delivered.They glanced at the paper, notingthe contents of the issue, then wentto the polling place, filled in anddeposited their ballots; they thenproceeded to read the day’s paperincluding the pertinent articles.It can be said that the state¬ments by the 13 SG members werelong, and somewhat repetitive. Yetthe issue of recall is one that isimportant enough to warrant thetime chat was needed to read thestatements. It was interesting tonote that the experience of thecampus controversy and impend¬ing recall caused by the Cuba res¬olution has had the effect of modi¬fying some of the SG member’sideas of what a representative mayand may not do. These changes ofopinion should certainly be care¬fully considered when decidingwhether individual members shouldbe recalled.It is certainly reasonable to wantto recall some but not all of the13 on the basis of the statements.These people took the time andtrouble to express their views, theycertainly deserve the considerationof having their views read.The second article was the dis¬cussion on the Staggs. There, iswas possible to read statementson the scholarships which con¬tained information which washerefore unavailable. This alsoshould have been read beforevoting.It is a pity that so many stu¬dents chose to excercise their demo¬cratic prerogative without fully in¬forming themselves. Certainly suchaction is no less irresponsible thanthe original Cuba vote.An Informed VoterStudents visit SACB;Tell oi Hyde Park spyTO THE EDITOR:Following the suggestion of TedPearson’s note in the Jan. 22Maroon, three students droppedinto the Customs house to see theSubversive Activities Control Boardin action. In a half-empty room,Mr. Claude Lightfoot sat beforethree inquirers, as his four pro¬secutors brought forward one wit¬ness after another to prove thatMr.- Lightfoot was, in fact, a mem¬ber of the Communist Party.Mr. Lightfoot appears to be aprosperous looking Negro wearinga large gold ring. Behind him sitsPROFESSIONALSINGERSNeeded for Canadian Sum¬mer Tour, male or female,register for audition ap¬pointment at the IllinoisState Employment Service,208 South LaSalle Street,telephone 782-0715. his rather oppressed-looking fanclub. The unsophisticated-lookinggroup of prosecutors take turnsobjecting to the clever and some¬what bitter cross examination ofMr. Forer, counsel.One witness after another isbrought forward. All have beenCommunists. All are in FBI pay.Everyone is extremely serious.One witness, a Negro truck driv¬er, testified he had been workingfor the FBI as an undercoveragent filing reports on his “club”in New Jersey. His work was re¬cently terminated due to his testi¬mony for the prosecution in arecent CP case. After the conclu¬sion of this work the FBI keptthe gentleman on its payroll. Whenasked why the FBI continued mak¬ing payments to the witness, whoseformal education was completedat the end of the sixth grade, hestated it was for the purposes of“research and consultation.” Forthese services he received in onemonth, $135 for ten hours’ work.The high point of the show oc¬curred when Lulu Bell Holmes of6106 Kimbark came to the stand.Amid gasps from Mr. Lightfoot’sentourage, she revealed herselfto be an FBI agent. She received$2,400 plus expenses for her activi¬ties in 1962, which were extensiveindeed. Aside from the reports onthe CP she also spied on theNegro American Labor Council (ofwhich she is vice president), theNAACP, the Afro-American Heri¬tage Group, and the Women’sStrike for Peace.Miss Lulu Bell Holmes indeedadmitted to being one of the found¬ers of the Negro American LaborCouncil, her activities being great¬ly encouraged by FBI funds. Sheasked Communists to join andthen made money by reporting thesubversive nature of the group sheand the FBI had founded.She voted for Lightfoot for thestate board of the Illinois CP andthen reported to the FBI thatLightfoot, in his climb up thepyramid of power of the AmericanCommunist Party, had now reachedthe office she and the FBI hadsupported him for.Mr. Forer, undaunted by con¬tinual objections from the fourprosecutors, was successful in re¬vealing, to these observers at least,the FBI’s ability to finance andrecruit for the Communist Partywith one hand, while with theother noisily chasing that partyacross America.Maybe Mr. Lightfoot is himselfan FBI agent (?) It is probablyone of the few things that cansave him from the agony of afederal penitentiary. It is not oftenwe get such a dramatic pictureof your FBI in action. Its networkof spies and counterspies has ap¬parently reached such dangerousorganizations as the NAACP andthe Women’s Strike for Peace.For those with monetary inter¬ests, ■ there are few easier waysto make a buck. We’re sure theFBI will be interested in any groupyou have to offer. However, forthose interested in an enlighteningpeek into contemporary Ameri¬cana, might we suggest a trip to610 South Canal Street. Shows be¬gin daily at 10 am. Just ask for theSubversive Activities ControlBoard. Be sure to check who’s inthe seat next to you, and pleasedon’t say we sent you.Danny LyonBill ZimmermanRoger ZossCORE is working hardon anniversaryTO THE EDITOR:It was exactly one year ago thatthe UC Chapter of CORE, spon¬sored by the Student Government,began its Sit-in demonstrationsprotesting the Administration’s policy of segregation in its off-campus housing.The demonstration was calledafter the complete refusal of theUniversity to in any way recon¬sider or review its policy. Eighteenmonths of research had precededthe project and the sit-ins them¬selves continued until February 5.Since the time of the demonstra¬tions, some progress has beenmade. Discrimination against stu¬dents and faculty has been elimi¬nated. The University’s FacultyReport declared that the Univer¬sity should abandon its policy ofmanaged segregation and adopt apolicy of managed integration.In practical terms, however,little has been done about the mainissue—racial discrimination againstnon-University persons in HydePark. The University, in otherwords, has not even officiallyadopted the recommendations ofits Faculty Report.UC CORE, on the other hand, isengaged in a very exciting proj¬ect which we hope will providethe basis for a new attempt at thefull integration of Hyde Park andfor a change in our University’spolicy.The results of this project wiHbe announced very soon anti in themeanwhile we strongly urge stu¬dents and faculty members to readcarefully the article on o)>en oc¬cupancy and the sit-ins in today’sMaroon and seriously consider theissues it raises.UC CORE ’Chicago Maroon£4i(«r-in-(Mtf Laura GodofskyBusiness Manager .... Kenneth C. HeylAdvertising Mgr. . . Lawrence D. KaplanNews Editors Andrew SteinRobin KaufmanCity News Editer John T. WilliamsAsst. City News Editor.. .Gary FeldmanFeature Editor Ross ArdreyCulture Editor Vicky ShiefmanRewrite Editor Sharon GoldmanAsst. Rewrite Editor • ••«•••• . Bob LeveyPhoto Coordinators ...... Les Gourwit/.Stan KarterNight Editors John SmithMike SilvermanSports Editor .....Rich EpsteinErratum Editor Sherwin KaplanOffice Manager Anita ManuelBilling Secretary .... Mary GottschalkEditor Emeritus Jay GreenbergStaff: Pete Rabinowitz, Barry BayerM. Stevens, Sue Goldberg, Ron Dai fman,Jase Rosenberg, Lucy Reals, Tom Heagy,Russ Kay, Stephen Sharnoff, Harris Jaffe,Sammy Fuqua, Howard Rosen, MichaelKaufman, Jim Byer, Gail Ruben, JayFlocks, Arthur Kaufman, Sue Guggen¬heim, Kathy Fritz. Nancy Erickson, JoeCalkowski, Jon Roland, Tom Assens, GuyOakes, Martha Grossblatt, Glen Miller,Rich Gottieb, Dan Gross, Murray Batt,Myrna Bell, Paul Greenberg, Mary Car¬penter, Connie Carnes, Paula Houser,David Aiken, llene Barmash, Sherry Bas-kaskus, cynthia Spindell, Deidre HollowayCarol Horning, Art Sondler, Don Baer,Joe Kousser, Jim Means, Irv Levenstein,Paula Fozzy, Barbara Corress, StevenBecker, Stan Karter, John Yaeger, JoeKousser, Steve Sackett.Issued free of charge on the Quad¬rangles every Tuesday through Fridayduring the academic year by studentsof the University of Chicago. AddroBScorrespondence to: Chicago Maroon,1212 E. 59 Street, Chicago 37, Illinois.Telephones: Ml 3-0800. exts. 3265, 3266.Printed at West Side Press, Chicago,Subscription by mail is $4 per year.The Maroon is a charter member ofthe United States Student Press Asso¬ciation, and subscribes to its newsservice, the Collegiate Press Service(CPS).. The C1MW is a news alliance, con¬sisting of the Maroon, the MichiganDaily, the Wayne State Collegian, andthe Daily Illini.The MAROON will consider forpublication letters of interest to theUniversity community.All letters must be signed, butnames will be withheld upon request.We reserve the right to edit allletters, and suggest a maximumlength of 300 words. We do notguarantee the publication ef all let¬ters received.Deadline for letters is 4 pm.THE IRON CURTAINby Horry and Bonaro Ovarstreet — $4.50Ones we lUrt asking why the Iron Curtein exists, e great many facts that areotherwise bewildering fall into a clear design.The University ef Chicago Bookstore5B02 Ellis Ave. 19*3 EDITIONENCYCLOPAEDIABRITANNICA34% discount te faculty aieaibersaad assistantsMR. ZARLENCA324-2*17 between 3:30-*:00 P.M. The Chinese Student Associationwill hold a Chinese New Year $party tonight.Ellen Studley will show colorslides of Taiwan and Vernon Petrowill review Clirisitmas in Chicagowith color slides. Reverend Gla¬zier, missionary to China lor 20years, will be guest of honor.Chinese refreshments will beserved.Tickets are $1, and may be ob¬tained from Matthew Wai at FA4-8200 between 1 and 2 pm. Theparty is set for 7 pm in Ida Noye*Hall.2 • CHICAGO MAROON • Jan. 25. 1943GAD F L¥Open occupancy is possibleMessrs. Beadle, Brown (Vice president incharge of administration), and Netherton (formerDean of Students), had now spent an hour talkingto representatives of UC CORE and StudentGovernment. It was a frustrating hour for the admini¬strators since they didn’t seem able to convince thestudents that though the University did own segregatedbuildings, it didn’t feel it had the ‘right’ to ‘impose’ anynondiscriminatory standards on the members of theirbuildings. Finally, feeling that an hour was sufficient, ifnot much more than sufficient, to convince the studentsof the merits of the University's “exemplary” policy.President Beadle turned to one of the students and askedhim to summarize in his own words the University’spolicy. A CORE representative working toward a PhD insociology, thought for a moment and then replied, “TheUniversity’s policy is, in brief, the systematic exclusionof Negroes from Hyde Park.”Later, the University became more sophisticated inits arguments and the initial revulsion felt by the CORErepresentatives was changed to indignation and seriousprotest. In spite of all the new sophistication and indig¬nation, the issues remained the same — the Universityarguing that one way or another fair and open housingpractices toward Negroes were out of the question, forNegroes meant slums and what could you do and COREarguing that “CORE can never accept segregation asthe means to integration on either logical or moralgrounds. We are convinced that the starting point ... isthe immediate elimination of all forms of discriminationwhile at the same time actively maintaining housing stand¬ards of their property.”It is now a year later but the same issues are stillvery much alive. In this article, I hope to discuss verybriefly the sit-ins themselves and then turn to the problemof the actual nature of the open occupancy problem, andthe University’s actions before and since the time of theSit-ins. The essay will not be exhaustive because of thelimitation of space but will nevertheless be an attemptto outline the basic concepts needed for a serious discus¬sion of the issues involved.The sit-in demonstration began after eighteen monthsof research, including the three months of tedious workwhich produced the test cases which exposed our Ad¬ministration’s policy of racial discrimination. Decisionsabout the project were made only after numerous exhaust¬ing meetings (as many as 40 hours of meetings in oneweek). The form of the demonstration, a sit-in in thetradition of the Southern fight for equal rights, waschosen because of the apathy and confusion surroundingthe racial problem, called for a drastic step if the com¬munity and the University were to be aroused and en¬couraged to reconsider the whole problem; proof of thislay in the continual failure of other community organiza¬tions to persuade the University to seriously consider anyobjection to its policy.The reaction of the Administration was slow in com¬ing but their aversion to reviewing their policy was neverso clearly demonstrated as when the order of “suspen¬sion” for Sit-inners was issued.Later that same day and angry student body was paci¬fied by a seeming change in policy and an unexpectedpromise of an open discussion of University policy withcommittee leaders. A two hour meeting was soon held butaccomplished little and though the people attending, at¬tended on the basis of the University’s promise of moremeetings and though this was in effect the personalpromise of President Beadle to the student body, additionalmeetings were never called. Protests from CORE aboutthe University’s refusal to fulfill its pledge was met bya succinct letter stating that the University simply had“nothing to discuss.”During this time the long-awaited “Report of the Faculty on Rental Policies” was issued. The report,though, was mainly concerned with administrativestreamlining and with committing the University totheoretical integration policies while at the same timeproviding rationalizations for avoiding really significantpractical steps for integration.In effect, our University had once again argued thatthere is an immutable cause and effect relationship be¬tween Negroes and slums. What happens is that whenA—Negroes enter all-white area—then irreversibly B—whites leave—and finally C—the area becomes a slum.This is the same theory that has prevaded the real estateindustry for over fifty years and has provided the ideologi¬cal basis for Northern discrimination in much the sameway that white supremacy theories have provided theideological basis for Jim Crowism in the South.Recent studies, (see for instance Morgan’s article,“Values in Transition Areas,” Review of the Society ofResidential Appraisers, March 1952 or Abrams, ForbiddenNeighbors, 1955, or the most comprehensive, McEntire’sRace and Residence) however, not blinded by any racialor economic bias, have shown that these simple cause-effect theories are not only far from simple but alsoinvalid. Study after study has shown that one of thebasic assumptions, that land values automatically fallwith the entrance of non-whites, is just not true. Farfrom being automatic, they are in fact what the distin¬guished sociologist Robert Merton calls the result of a“self-fulfilling prophesy” — the prices do not automatic¬ally fall, in fact if anything they tend to rise as Negroesare accustomed to paying higher prices for the sameclass of occupancy. What occurs is that whites are toldthat it is “inevitable” that prices will fall, begin panic¬selling and are amazed when prices fall drastically. Inthose areas, and there are an ever-increasing number ofthem where the whites do not panic, values remain thesame.Research, (see in particular Laurenti. Property Valuesand Race, 1960) then has shown that the main problemis best described by saying that while A—entrance ofNegroes — has often been followed by B—white panic —that there is another factor which comes in between andthat is X—the property owners and management exploitthe minority group, allow or even force standards todrop, and buildings to run down, plus such additional fac¬tors as the city allowing schools in such transition areasto degenerate. It is the factor X that causes A to lead B—take out X and there is no stage B; if standards are main¬tained whites won’t move out nor will slums develop.All these letters may be confusing but the significanceof the story they tell is tremendous. They tell us that thereare two ways to avoid all-Negro ghetto areas: (l)-practicecomplete racial exclusion or (2 hallow Negroes free accessto the housing market. The latter means (1) keepingrealtors from allowing building standards to fall, (2)keeping the community in good shape, (3) encouragingthe city to keep all its schools on a high level, and (4)demonstrating to the whites that standards will be main¬tained. If we choose this alternative, we will face adifficult task; none of the research indicated above showsthat the creation of a decent, integrated community willbe easy, but IT IS POSSIBLE. It is possible to provideguarantees of good building standards and conduct effec¬tive and well-financed educational campaigns. Again, thesolution is not an easy one in any sense of the term, butthe other alternative is to make the Negro suffer for aproblem which is essentially created by whites.Unfortunately our University has chosen the latteralternative of ‘managed segregation.’ It was this thatUC CORE was protesting when it stated—I repeat it againbecause of the validity of this statement, issued a yearago, can now be seen more clearly—“The University seessegregation as part of its program of integration. COREcan never accept this on moral or logical grounds. We are convinced that the starting point is the immediateelimination of all forms of discrimination while at thesame time actively maintaining housing standards on theirproperty.AND HERE IT COME — Continued from gal 9 as corr.In fact, our community Hyde Park, has many advant¬ages which case the problem considerably. Hyde Park isa community with a strong appeal to many people becauseof its particular intellectual and cultural character; mostresidents of Hyde Park have a strong attachment to itand a strong desire to remain in this community. Early inthe ’50’s, a number of people did feel the “perils” ofintegration too much to face and did leave, but recentyears have seen a good deal of stability return to thearea (interestingly enough, UC professor Peter Rossi re¬ported that the rumours of large-scale evacuation of UCfaculty members were untrue though great numbers ofadministrators did flee to the suburbs).With this general stability and occupancy-desirability,the problem is one of working with people whose onlyobjection to open occupancy arises not from a dislikeof interracial living but from the fear that standards willfall (those who just oppose living next to a Negro per seprobably are uncomfortable in our neighborhood anyway.)The difficulty again is to provide a guarantee of stand¬ards and convince white occupants to stay on that basis.An additional problem is the attraction of white tenantsto the area on the basis of willingness to live in a fullyintegrated community. Since the University is by far thelargest land owner in the community, certainly the most *powerful institution in the area, and an institution witha great deal of influence and reputation, it could haveand in fact, still could, provide the necessary guaranteesof building standards, the reputation and finance neces¬sary to attract new whites to the area, and the facilitiesto conduct the necessary educational campaigns.What then has the University done about this situa¬tion? Up to 1948, our University was the main power andsupport behind “restrictive covenants.” From ‘48 to ’52,it fought tooth and nail against the growing Hyde-ParkCommunity Conference, whose goal was a decent inte¬grated community. After 1952, it practiced not only dis¬crimination in off-campus housing for non-Universitypersonnel but also refused apartments to Negro studentsand professors. Today, it serves segregation-minded landowners by maintaining an off-campus housing list forstudents that is not screened against discriminatory prac¬tices (this is an absolute disgrace—most of the majoruniversities in the country where there is a similar prob¬lem have set up procedures to guarantee that their listsonly contain buildings operated on a nondiscriminatorybasis. These include such universities as Yale, Harvard,the University of California, University of Illinois, Minne¬sota, CCNY, Cornell, Ohio State, and etc.).In its off-campus policy our University has nevereven publicly accepted the limited goals of the FacultyReport. The head administrator, Ray Brown, commentedthat the only things he felt the Committee was suggest¬ing were a few changes in means, in administrative pro¬cedure. In addition, our Administration has yet, as wasnoted, to revamp its discriminatory housing file as wasrecommended by the Report nor supported in any waymetropolitan or state fair housing laws as the Reportstrongly urged and has refused, as it has for the last 14years, to work seriopsly with community groups andleaders.President Beadle, as was explained previously, hadpromised a series of meetings to put into effect the lastof the above points about cooperation with communityleaders. It does seem that if our University is seriouslyinterested in improving the community and not merelyin operating a realty business for its own sake, then itwould be essential that community leaders have an active(Continued on page 7)The University of Chicago YearbookThe 1963 Edition of the CAP & GOWN with a handsomesimulated leather binding is a serious photographic and journal¬istic work capturing the spirit of the University of Chicago's wayof life. The editor of the yearbook is Eve Bell with Dan Lyonserving as photographic editor. One of Mr. Lyon’s recent photo¬graphs is on the record cover of Joan Baez’s latest record album.The yearbook, already half subscribed, will go on sale May 15,1963, for $5.00. However, it can be ordered for only $4.00 byfilling out the PRE-PUBLICATION ORDER BLANK includedin the packet at . . .SPRING REGISTRATIONJon. 25, 1963 • CHICAGO MAROON* ’ * * v. u, • V l j. •L if. .> A. i •The New Lost City Ram¬blers, Mike S e e g e r, JohnCohen and Tracy Schwarz, arethree young musicians who,though born and raised in citiesplay and sing the songs of the ru¬ral south. Many of the songs theysing are taken from recordingsmade for the Library of Congressin the thirties and the Ramblersto a great extent duplicate the in¬strumental styles and vocal into¬ nations of the best country mu¬sicians of that time. Their reper¬toire includes ballads such as'‘Frankie,” political songs such as‘‘We’ve got Franklin D. RooseveltBack Again,” anti-temperancesongs, dance tunes and humoroussongs, such as ‘‘The ArkansasTraveler.”Recently the Ramblers haveadded a new dimension to theirmusic, and have begun singingsongs of a more recent origin, par¬ticularly in the “bluegrass” style.According to John Cohen, thisbroadening of the repertoire hasgiven them the opportunity to ex¬press themselves more freely thanwas possible when they sang only“old-timey” songs. Among thesongs the Ramblers do in blue-grass style is the ‘‘The OrangeBlossom Special,” a song playedby the Stanley Brothers at thefirst U of C Folk Festival.All three of the Ramblers areaccomplished musicians.Mike Seeger plays the guitar,fiddle, banjo, mandolin, mouthharp and auto harp. He has wonbanjo contests at festivals in thesouthern mountains. His voicerings v/ith the traditional twang ofthe southern mountains and heusually sings either lead or highharmony. John Cohen plays boththe banjo and guitar. His polishedflat-picking guitar style providesboth rhythm and harmonic runs toFolklore Society presents Thindeveloped, from the earliest Eng¬lish ballads to modern city blues.The Folklore Society believes nthat an individual who is willing, into give the music serious consider^'"at ion cannot help but enjoy andappreciate the powerful and subtlequalities of music that is popularlyconsidered primitive or oven "il¬literate.” Almost more importantthan the traditions are the remark¬able musical qualities of the iiv -U>jdividual performers. In the past Mithe Festival has featured a num¬ber of fine musicians includingHorton Barker, The Stanley Broth¬ers, the Rev. Gary Davis, JeanRitchie, Clarence Ashley, Big JoeWilliams and the Staple Singers.This year appearing in the prifc,..^gram will lx.* Bill Monroe, Junior RWells, Jimmie Driftwood, AlmedaRiddle, Bessie Jones, Hobart Smith,Sunnyland Slim. Floyd Jones, FredMcDowell and the New Lost CityRamblers. As in the past, eachconcert will be opened by thebagpiping of George Armstrong,. _ s<Further information on these c<people apjxtars elsewhere on thesepages. oiSamuel Charters, Ralph Rinzler, aiand Studs Terkel, three persons p«well-known for their contributions ii;old time tcregion of Kentucky, but fromthe Western region of thestate known as the “Pennyrile.”Nonetheless the entire state isknown as the ‘‘Blue Grass State”and it was with the thought ofidentifying his music with hisstate of origin that Bill Monroe,the man who is the real originatorof blue grass music, chose toname his band the ‘‘Blue GrassBoys.”The term blue grass music cameinto popular usage in the early1950’s to describe the music ofstring bands which were followinga trend established by Bill Monroein the early 1940's and maintainedby him since that time on the“Grand Old Opry” (a radio pro¬gram).The music itself has been criti¬cized by some city folk musicenthusiasts as being nothing morethan commercial hillbilly music.Others take from it the instru¬mental techniques and overlook thesubtle and equally unusual vocalstyles. Most are unaware of thewide variety of different traditions,folk and otherwise, on which in¬novator Bill Monroe drew whenestablishing “his music” on the‘Opry’ some twenty-three yearsago.Perhaps a glance at a few ofthese traditional elements willclarify this point. The fiddling stylecharacteristic of blue grass musicblends the Scots-Irish with the littleknown Negro fiddling tradition. Oneof the strongest influences on Mon¬roe was the Negroe fiddler andguitar picker Arnold Schulz, a manwhose name is almost legendary inthat region. While still a boy, Mon¬roe met Schulz at a country dance.Schulz played the fiddle in a“bluesy”, syncopated fashion get¬ting notes and sounds that werenot commonly heard in the countryfiddling Monroe had previouslybeen exposed to. The effect wasimmediate and lasting. At the ageof thirteen he resolved to play themandolin in a way that nobodyelse had played it and to play hismusic cleaner and better than any¬one.The song repertoire draws on theAnglo-American ballad and folk¬song tradition, on the urban com¬mercial tradition of “heart” (or Bill Monroesentimental) songs of the 19th andearly 20th centuries, and on therecently established tradition ofwhite and Negro commercialcountry (dating from around 1933.)The vocal style developed byBill Monroe also reflects child¬hood influences: listening to songsand styles of neighbors and familyand singing in the Methodist andBaptist churches; and it reflects along established feeling for bothNegro and white blues singing.The banjo style associated withblue grass music is usually re¬ferred to as Scruggs banjo pick¬ing. Although generally so identi¬fied with Earl Scruggs, it is ac¬tually a development from thethree-finger banjo picking style ofCharlie Poole and Dock Walsh inthe twenties and thirties. Bill Mon¬roe’s blue grass mandolin standsalone in representing a completelynew musical development. Most of the leading musicians in blue grassmusic have gone through their pe¬riod of “apprenticeship” withMonroe: Flatt and Scruggs, CarterStanley, Don Reno, Mac Wiseman,Jimmy Martin, and Gordon Terry,to mention a few.Monroe pioneered mandolin vir¬tuosity and forged the drivingrhythms and tempos (charac¬teristic of his music and of bluegrass music the time of his firstrecordings.) In the fashion of thebest traditional folk singers, BillMonroe never sings a song thesame way twice, each performanceis a creative challenge and thushis songs never lose the excitmentwhich is the burning soul he hasimparted to his music.“If you’re singing a song tosatisfy your heart and feeling youwon’t sing it the same way everytime.”The New Lost City Ramblers Next weekend the Univer¬sity of Chicago Folklore So¬ciety will present its ThirdAnnual University of ChicagoFolk Festival, bringing to Chicagofolk music that otherwise wouldnot be performed live in this area.The festival helps carry out theFolklore Society’s aim of preserv¬ing traditional American folklore,and provides a means of exposingthe rich traditions ol songs andinstrumental music to an audiencewhich might otherwise be unawareof a living American folklore.The festival presents ]>fr formerswhose music is both of high quali¬ty and representative of the tradi¬tion from which it stems. Althoughmost of the people are not profes¬sional musicians, their technicaland expressive abilities qualifythem as time artists. Three eveningconcerts and a children's concertwill be given with the primaryintent of presenting the music forthe sheer enjoyment of the audi¬ence, though the juxtaposition ofthe various styles and traditionswill provide an excellent opportuni¬ty for the audience to gain someunderstanding of the various waysin which American folk music hasThe Blues:ScheduleFriday, February 14:30 pm Opening Reception8:15 pm ConceitSaturday, February 210:30 am Children's Concert1:00 pm Lecture — Workshop:grassBill MonroeMike SeegerRalph Rinzler3:00 pm Lecture—Film: BluesSam Charters4:30pm Hootenany Biue-Tickets On Sale iOr Call EBill Monroe to perform:the father of blue grassBlue grass music does notcome from the Blue Grassthe instrumentation. His voice isdeep and resonant, and usuallyprovides the base narmonv. TraceySchwarz is the newest member ofthe Ramblers, having recently re¬placed Tom Paley. He plays thefiddle, guitar and the spoons andusually sings the high harmony ina clear but unaggressive voice. Heusually plays the fiddle, givingMike more of a chance to use histalents on the banjo. Each of theRamblers will demonstrate his in¬strumental ability in greater de¬tail than will be possible at theconcerts in workshops to be heldSaturday and Sunday, Feb. 2 and3.All three of the Ramblers arewhat are commonly known as“city-billies.” Mike, son of thenoted folk music authority Dr.Charles Seeger, was born andraised in Washington, D.C. He hasworked as recording engineer forFolkways record company andstill records traditional musiciansfor Folkways. Most recently hegathered and edited the songswhich appear on a record of musicon the auto harp. John Cohen wasraised in New York City and is agraduate of the Yale School ofFine Arts. He is a photographerand like Mike, does some record¬ing of traditional musicians forFolkways. Tracy Schwarz, theyoungest of the three comes fromNew Jersey. He now lives in NewYork City. The recent folk music re¬vival has included a growingawareness on the part of citypeople of old lime countryblues, but by today most countryblues singers have either died (e.g.Leadbelly, Blind Lemon Jefferson)or taken up more modern citystyles (e.g. John Lee Hooker. Mud¬dy Waters). Fred McDowell is oneof the few country blues musicianswhose style has not been influencedby city music. He has spent allhis life in Mississippi, and now isa cotton farmer in Como, livingin a four room wooden house inthe middle of a huge cotton field.Though he has learned songs fromrecordings by city musicians, healways adapts the songs to theolder country blues style.Fred not only sings blues in theold way but also sings spirituals,a rare combination since blues areoften considered sinful by spiritualsingers and spirituals are often“just church music” to blues sing¬ers. He plays with a bottleneck(which he quietly admits camefrom a half-pint bottle), sliding theglass along the strings with hisleft hand rather than playingsingle notes. (This style along witha number of songs Fred singswere probably derived from themusic of one of the greatest of thereligious street-singers, Blind Wil¬lie Johnson). The effect is ofteneerie and piercing, both on bluesand spirituals. His guitar style iscomplemented by a sometimesgrowling, sometimes stabbing vo¬cal presentation, through which heis able to transmit both the hard¬ness of the blues and the religiousfervor of spirituals.Fred McDowell Sunnyland Slim is a binespianist whose musical historygoes hack to the height ofblues and boogie-woogie in the'twenties and thirties. He was bornon his gran 1 father’s farm in Vance, 'Mississippi in 1907 and bv 1924 wasplaying in movie theaters whilethe patrons watched silent films. 1'He went to Memphis and then in j*1933 came to Chicago only to de- xpart again on extensive toursthrough the southern mid-west.During his career he has playedwith many famous blues singersand musicians, among them Tam- atpa Red, Lonnie Johnson. Yank inRachel, John Henry, Sonny Boy bWilliamson, and one of the great- Pest blues singers of all time, Ma‘Rainey. He played for many years PjWith Big Bill Bronzy and to- r*gether they wrote a number ofsongs. Sunnyland, at the height of ^his popularity in the thirties, con-stanrly made tours through the ‘South plaj'ing alone or with bands, °in bars, honky-tonks, casinos, andttf) occasional dance hall. He alsomade a number of recordingswhich sold well and are now some- tcwhat hard to get. Today Sunny- Jland plays at various clubs in the siChicago area after sinking into tcrelative obscurity, as did most of afamous blues musicians in the post- • s<war period. aSunnyland learned most of his i:music from a Mississippi pianist linamed Jeff Moss and from Piano cd Annual U of C Folk Festivalto the preservation and understand-1 ing of folk music will act asmasters of ceremonies ai the eve¬ning concerts.Charters is an authority on bluesand Negro music and has doneextensive field recording and docu¬mentation of blues singers and mu¬sicians in the rural areas of theSouth. He is best known for hisbook The Country Blues, and will.j^iltpw a movie on the blues in addi¬tion to m.c.'ing.Rinzler, from New York City, isone of many people who, althoughfrom an urban environment, have| become proponents and interpre¬ters of rurally-based traditionalfolk music forms. He plays theMandolin with the GreenbriarBoys, a bluegrass group fromNew York, and one of the bestplaying today. His article on BillMonroe and the development of thebluegrass tradition will appear inthe next issue of SING OUT maga¬zine, as a result of an extensivescries of interviews completed re¬cently.Terkel is the foremost authorityon folk music in the Chicago areaand is responsible for a huge pro¬portion of the increased interestin folk music today. Through hiso modernGibson, a musician who still playson Beale Street in Memphis, Ten¬nessee, and who Sunnyland aversis the greatest of the Memphismusicians. In the thirties, whennot performing alone, a pianist' would usually play with a trumpetor trombone and drums. There wasnot much use of the guitar orbase. Now Sunnyland invariably isaccompanied by a guitar, as hewill be in the festival by FloydJones. Sunnyland’s resonant voiceC"1 carries'the inflections of thees singing of the thirties, andthough he is constantly integrat¬ing new material into his reper¬toire, his instrumental style stillstrongly represents the great sing¬ing tradition of the past.Junior WellsJunior Wells, singer and-J^rmonica player, is the firstrepresentative of the “mod¬ern” or “city” blues style toappear at the Festival. Though notyet thirty, Wells is a veteran Chi¬cago blues man with over tenyears of experience in Southsidebars and clubs. He has made•?ereral recordings, one of which,“Messin’ With the Kid,” soldnearly a million copies.He plays a harmonica which isamplified by being played directlyinto a microphone and is backedby a four-piece band which includespiano, drums, electric bass, andelectric guitar. His harmonicaplaying derives its power from therichness of tone and variety of in¬flection rather than from speed orUashy virtuosity. The lead guitar,played by Freddy Robinson, ischaracterized by a continuous flowof notes w'hich effectively provide(i background for the vocal andharmonica parts.The appropriateness of the groupto the intense emotional drive ofJunior’s singing may be a pleasantsurprise to those folknicks who tendto categorically disapprove ofamplified instruments. Wells him¬self does not seem disturbed, atany rate. In his own words, “Thisis the blues, baby, and if you don’tlike the blues you just got to becrazy.”of Events*8:15 pm ConcertSunday, February 310:30 am Guitar WorkshopTracy SchwartzBanjo WorkshopHobart SmithJohn CohenFolk-DanceLecture — Topic to be an¬nounced41)0 pm Lecture — Hillbilly Music:Early PeriodArchie Green8:15 pm ConcertAt Mandel HallExt. 35671 00 pm1:30 pm3:00 pm Wax Museum program on WFMT,articles and presentations of per¬formers to the public, he hashelped maintain an interest andan understanding of traditional mu¬sic and folklore throughout thecountry. Terkel has provided irre¬placeable documentation of manytraditional elements and perform¬ers, such as Bill Broonzy’s LastSessions, made under his super¬vision in the WFMT studios.In addition to the concerts, aprogram of activities will be heldin Ida Noyes Hall as shown in theschedule printed at the bottom ofthe page. The workshops will pro¬vide the performers an opportunityto demonstrate in detail some ofthe iacets of their singing stylesand instrumental techniques, andthe ways in which these qualitieslit into the various traditions. Aworkshop on the recently devel¬oped tradition of bluegraso musicwill present Bill Monroe, MikeSeeger, and Ralph Rinzler in adiscussion and demonstration erfthe musical qualities that e.Lstin-guish bluegrass and give it itsidentity. Particular emphasis willlie laid on Bill Monroe’s own pre¬dominant role in the developmentof bluegrass music. The guitar andb;injo workshops, featuring HobartSmith and the New Lost CityRamblers will provide demonstra¬tions of the instrumental tech¬niques that -he.racterize the dif¬ferent kinds of traditional folkmusic.On Saturday afternoon, an or¬ganized hootenany will provide astage for people from the Chicagoarea and the college campuses whoare highly skilled in the pla3'ingand singing of folk music. Thesepeople are indicative of a new andgrowing “tradition” of young folkswho have developed an interest infolk music and are skilled inter¬preters of it. In addition, therewill be rooms set aside in IdaNoyes for informal picking andsinging throughout the festival. Afolk dance will be held Sundayafternoon with demonstrations andinstruction in the folk dances ofmany nations.Three lectures on different as-l>ects of folk music will provide amore formal interpretation of themusic. Sam Charters will show afilm featuring such blues greatsas Furry Lewis and Sleepy JohnEstes and discuss the developmentof rural blues on Saturday after¬noon. On Sunday, John Cohen oftlie New Lost City Ramblers willspeak on some facet of the musicof the southern mountains andArchie Green of the University ofIllinois will speak about the hill¬billy music of the pre-1930’s. TheFolklore Society hopes that thoseinterested will be able to attendthe afternoon events as well as theconcerts and that their apprecia¬tion of the music will be therebyenhanced. The Ozark Mountains:a rich musical traditionThe Ozark tradition is oneof the richest in Americanfolk m u s i c. Geographically,the Ozarks lie in southernMissouri and northern Arkansas,between eastern and westernUnited States, and the music ofthis region reflects the influencesof both portions of the country.Many of the traditional songs andballads of the east are sung inthe Ozarks. Some of them, such as“Barbara Allen,” go as far backas the time when the Englishlanguage was emerging in itspresent form. The Ozark singershave preserved many of the quali¬ties of the singing of their fore¬bears from Virginia, the Carolinas,Kentucky, and Tennessee. Notably,the words and vocal style are con¬sidered most important, and instru¬ments are used only for accom¬paniment. if at all.The influence of the west haslx)th changed and added to themusical traditions which werebrought to the Ozarks from theeast. The changes in music andsinging styles are primarily in thechords used for accompaniment,the tunes of songs, and vocal in¬flections. To the traditional sub¬ject matters of eastern songs wereadded songs about train robberies,outlaw gangs, and historicalevents that are peculiarly western.Examples of songs which stemfrom the western tradition are“Jesse James,” and “Cole Young¬er.” The mixture of the two tradi¬tions plus the isolation in themountains of people from oneanother and from urban influencesHobart Smith, songs of Va.Hobart Smith, who is fromthe town of Saltville in themountains of westernmostVirginia, is one of the finesttraditional musicians alive. He isa wizard on the banjo, fiddle, andguitar and sings many old-timesongs and ballads. Hobe Smithcomes from a long line of musicmakers and this is how he tellsabout his family heritage:“All the generations of us Smithskindly took to music. Always pick¬ing on some instrument or singingsome ditty, that was the Smithway. If we managed to marrysomebody who didn't care for it,why pretty soon they’d dive upand get a divorce and leave, andthen we’d marry somebody whodid love music. That way it justkept a-runin’ through our family.In the first generations of myfamily, the men were all fiddlersand the girls all good singers. Dropon down and you begin to get abanjo player or two in the crowd. has led to a great variety of in¬dividual musical styles and inter¬pretations. According to AlanLomax, eminent authority on folkmusic, there are more versions ofthe same songs in the Ozarks thananywhere else in America.Jimmie DriftwoodJimmie Driftwood, formerly aschool principal and teacher andnow a rancher in Timbo, Arkan¬sas, is noted for a wide variety ofactivities associated with folk mu¬sic. He comes from a family offolk musicians and learned to playthe guitar at an early age on aninstrument made by his grand¬father from a fence-rail, an oxyoke, and the headboard of an oldbed, an instrument which Jimmiestill plays wherever he goes. Hehas traveled extensively through¬out the South and collected songswherever he went. His collection ofsongs includes many different ver¬sions of the same song, and manysongs about the same event.In addition to being a collector,Jimmie is among the most famoustraditional folksingers in America.He sings many songs commemo¬rating or describing historicalevents, songs which he sang tohelp him teach his classes inAmerican history. He has sung ina variety of places from CarnegieHall in New York to the GrandOle Opry in Nashville, Tenn.(home of Bill Monroe) to the Uni¬versity of California in Berkeley.He has also made a number of re¬cordings for RCA Vctor which havebeen sold throughout the world,and which, according to a mem¬ber of the Peace Corps in Vene¬zuela, have done much to fostergood will in foreign countries.The contribution to folk musfc forwhich Jimmie is perhaps bestknown is his writing. In his ownwords, “I’m always writing songs.”His songs, though original, are de¬rived from the musical traditionon which he was raised. The tuneto “The Battle of New Orleans”(a recording of which by JohnnyHorton sold two million copies), isone well known by all Ozark fid¬dlers as “The 8th of January.”For his many contributions to folk¬lore, Jimmie Driftwood received an honorary Doctor of AmericanFolklore degree from Peabody Col¬lege.Almeda RiddleAlmeda Riddle is a grandmotherfrom Ileber Springs, Arkansas whohas been singing and collectingsongs since she was a young girl.She sings ballads, white spirituals,and children’s songs. She learnedmany of her songs from her moth¬er and has collected countlesssongs from other balladeers in theOzarks. According to Dr. JohnQuincy Wolf, a folklorist fromMemphis. Tenn.. Almeda has oneof the finest collections of songsof anyone in the Ozarks.Almeda, who likes to be called“Granny,” sings in a clear, highvoice which she modestly claimsis nothing like it used to be. Thereis no doubt, however, that she isone of the finest ballad singers inthe country. She sings with thecharacteristic lift at the end of aline which Dr. Wolf says is oneof the distinguishing characteris¬tics of tl-aditiona] ballad singing.Her remarkable vocal ability andpersonal charm establish a contactwith an audience which is rarelyachieved by professionally trainedsingers.Worksongs and spiritualsThen they was mostly banjo pick¬ers, like my daddy, King Smithwho learnt me to play. I took toit so natural that when I cometo the house, Mama would tell oldKing to put by his banjo and letsomebody handle it who could.Then one day I met a coloredfellow who come in here to workon the railroad who could makea guitar talk just like it was abanjo and I put by the banjo andtook up the guitar. Now theseyounger generations mostly playguitars and you won’t hardly finda really good banjo picker in thewhole bag.”Hobart Smith is a man of amaz¬ing energy and drive who canhardly keep his hands off any in¬strument in sight. His playing islightning fast and wild; often evenwhen one watches closely, it isdifficult to follow his fingers. Hissinging is powerful and rough, al¬most ir. the same manner as BlindLemon Jefferson’s whose “SeeThat My Grave is Kept Clean” isone of Hobe’s most moving songs.It is almost impossible to hear himplay and sing without being totallycaught up in a tornado-like frenzy. Bessie Jones conies fromone of the purest traditions inAmerican folklore. She haslived most of her life on St.Simon’s Island, one of a chain ofislands off the coast of Georgia.The islands were fertile planta¬tions before the Civil 'War, andafter emancipation, the Negro pop¬ulation continued to cultivate theland. Isolated from the coast andalmost all external influences, theinhabitants of the Georgia Sea Is¬lands have maintained the speech,customs, and folklore of theirearliest ancestors, including theuse of dialects which still retainmany African words and syntacti¬cal features.It is no surprise, then, that Bes¬sie Jones sings songs which are known to have been sung in ap¬proximately the same manner be¬fore the Civil War. Most of thesongs are either spirituals or work-songs, which she delivers in astrong, sometimes shouting voice.She will sing at the festival alone,unaccompanied by any musical in¬strument, as is necessarily thecase among workers in the fields.Bessie Jones has in recent yearsspent a good deal of time awayfrom her home in Georgia. She hasworked at a number of summercamps in the east and only thisyear was in California performingat the Ash Grove folk-music clubin Los Angeles and other similarplaces around San Francisco. Shecan be heard on recordings madeby Alan Lomax for Atlantic andPrestige.Jon. 25, 1**3 • CHICAGO MAROON •1 Si*s* Vi Teller book blatantly disregards the facts Class coverage censuredLegacy of Hiroshima, Edward Teller, DoubledayThis is a difficult book to lishers call him a “nuclear author- into the workings of nature withreview in a limited space The ity” and }t is with this authority the technical resulis of engineer-. . he speaks to those who are not ing effort. Most scientists must01 S obvious emotiomal authorities, feeling no need to but- find it shocking to read: "Hopescommitment to the idea that tress his claims. It is, perhaps, for disarmament and discussionwe are engaged with Russia in needless to point out that Teller’s of a tost moratorium again anda conflict which can be kept from views are not shared by all mem- again have postponed need experi-leading to all-out war only by bers of the scientific community, ments.” Surely the fulfillment ofunlimited national strength is one and that counter-arguments to such hopes is a necessity for themany disagree with, but which every’ substantive point he makes continuation of science, (probably-still may be respected. However, have been often presented. Pos- of civilization) and is more “need-in his most recent book, Teller sibly Teller is not to be blamed ed’ than any experiment,argues for his position with such for the flimsiness and dishonesty There is unconscious irony inintellectual dishonesty, and such Gf his case—he has a journalistic Teller’s discussion of the need forblatant disregard for fact, that collaborator, Mr. Allen Brown, scientific education. He says: “Ifit seems difficult to credit him who may be in part responsible our leaders and our people hadwith a commitment that is any- The reader will find many in- a general understanding and ap-thing other than a prejudice. teresting samples of the level of predation of science, if decisionsTo a public presumably unfa- the discussion. I shall mention were reached by responsible policy’miliar with many facts of the only one. After citing some "rea- makers who had developed an ‘ear’nuclear age, Teller says “that we sons’’ why one need not fear fall- for science and could tell consis-must have a much larger nuclear out (irradiated cows, after Ala- tency and reason from emotionforce both for a deterrent and magordo, were examined: Their and prejudice, then our democracyfor use. That “scientific’’ advances fur grew back, and the animals could survive in a scientific age.”in weapons will continue without thrived”), an argument against It is not unreasonagle to sup-limit. That wars can bo limited geneticists* fears is presented, pose in Teller and “understandingby agreement (with an opponent True, fallout may cause “some and appreciation of science.” Yetwhom he regards as completely mutations and abnormalities in one looks in vain in his book foruntrustworthy) to relatively small future generations.” consistency and reason. The placeareas. That digging in with jNnige But: “This raises a question: of fact is usurped by allegations,shelter program would save 90 per Are abnormalities harmful? Bo- such as that the Russians con¬cent of our population—from a cause abnormalities deviate from tinued testing during the three-massive attack mounted with the norm, they may be offensive year moratorium, which are de¬future weapons which much of the at first sight. But without such nied by virtually every responsiblebook argues can be developed into abnormal births and mutations, authority save Teller. It wouldmeans of almost unlimited des- the human race would not have seem legitimate for the reader totruction. That such a shelter pro- evolved and we would not be expect from Teller what Tellergram would cost “about twenty here.” There is a shorter way of expects from him: consistency,billion dollars.” ($45 billion has putting it: Two heads are better and an impartial weighing of evi-been cited as the cost for deep than one. donee. But this, except for small,shelters in New York City alone.) Other oddities can be found, disconnected patches, he will notThat nuclear test bans are a There is a queer definition of find.threat to peace because of the scientific curiosity, for example. jn book argues forpossibility of cheating, and during Had it been freely exercised, Tel- an American position of the great-the 1958-1961 moratorium the ler says, “then the United States est possible nuclear and conven-So\ iel Union never did stop nu- would be stronger today.” Though tional military strength, coupledcleai tests but w-as conducting a$ a scientist, Teller must know with watchful suspicion and mis-experiments all along.” that science per se is not con- trust of all Soviet actions. Sud-Most of Teller’s arguments are cerned with devices constructed denly, from a position of warybriefly presented in flat state- from its findings, he many times antagonism and a dangerously bal-ment with no support. His pub- equates the probings of scientists anced pyramid of arms, an ami¬ BOULDER, COLO. (CPS)—The student senate of theUniversity of Colorado passed two resolutions recently con¬demning: a proposal made by a campus conservative weeklynewspaper to report classroom lectures in the paper.The New Conservative, which is - —;———7 ————printed in addition to the Colorado an intimidating effect on bothDaily at the university, charged facu -v i*nd students and wouldthat instructors were using their destroy the necessary freedom ofclasses to further their political thought and expression which isbeliefs - prerequisite for significant educa-In an editorial, the weekly said. ,I(™ .. _“If our professors, regardless of •* New Conservative were totheir political bent, persist in using ow through on this suggestion,their classes as media for propa- atmosphere 0f suspicion andgandizing their personal political ",strust would soon pervade theor economic philosophies at the canipus and academic freedomexpense of the prescribed subject soon ^ ,os*’material, we shall have no choice ublication of classroom lec-but to consider such class periods urcs may quite possibly be aas public lectures; and, as such,they shall be reported as news in breach of law, and several courtdecisions have established thatthis newspaper just as any other *ec^ures ar® a form of publicationand are therefore protected byCalendar of Eventsuniversity-sponsored lecture.” .The CU senate “protested” the UOf>J 1 laws,proposal, and “strongly” urged“the University Board of Publica¬tions to include in that body’s by¬laws a statement prohibiting alluniversity publications from print- Friday, January 25ing any portion of a professor's Episropal, Holy Communion, Bondclassroom lecture without the con- Chapel, 7:30 am.iM-nfecsem ” Lecture Series: History and Eternalsent of the prote. sor. Destiny, Mr. Tillich, Law School Audi-The resolutions were accom- torium. 11:30 am.nanierf bv pvnlanatorv statements* Motion Picture, An Italian Strawpanted Dy explanatory siaiemeuis.. Hat •• s^jai Science 122. 7:15 and“The fear that statements made in 9.15 pm.a classroom might be printed would Rt*11 p*^pht*, Sigma DeUa- B?taVarsity Gymnastics Meet, Chicago vs.United States Air Force Academy,Bartlett Gymnasium, 7:30 pm.Jewish, Sabbath Service, Hiilel Founda¬tion, 7:45 pm.Motion Picture, “Intruder in the Dust."Burton-Judson Courts. 8 and 10 pm.Hiilel Fireside: “Jewish Identity andContinuity,” Sol Tax, Hiilel Foundution, 8:30 pm.UC profs workin Basutoland(continued from page 1)hotel in downtown Johannesburg.AH four, consequently, took rooms Saturday January 25in a hotel within that city’s Inter- 8ympo0imm H(>pe m the Pitnational airport. Said Dunham, Noyes Halt. 9 am.“My story is that I’m a member L*iV-Vr> Eucharist* ®°nt* Ohapei,of the University community en- Varsity Fencing Meet, Chicago vs.gaged in a sit-in the farthest Indiana Tech, Bartlett Gymnasium,Open Only To Students OfUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOViceroyBasketball Contest * 2(Closes Jan.16th)First Prize...$10055Second Prize.. .$25?2Ten 3rd Prizes...$10™c„12 WINNERS ON THIS CAMPUS IN EACH CONTEST.Four contests in all ... New contest every twoweeks . . . exclusively for the students on thiscampus! You’ll find complete rules printed onOfficial Basketball Contest Entry Blanks.Ballot Boxes and Entry Blanks are located at:Ida Noyes DeskUniversity BookstoreReynold’s Club Barber Shop •International House Gift ShoppeENTER NOWAND WIN!V - south.”The report which the team willable solution will emerge: “Ourultimate goal can be nothing lessthan a world government basedupon the principles of freedom anddemocracy.” To achieve this, wemust buy time—"we must be pre¬pared to fight limited nuclearwars." And these wars will be 1:30 pm.Varsity Swimming Meet, Chicago vsWisconsin State College, Bartlett. . . Gymnasium, 1:30 pm.submit sometime this spring IS Varsity Track Meet, Chicago vs. Northdill a r»rit7iloo<vl Hiv'iimpnl and western University. Fieldhouse, 2 pmstill a privileged document, ana Vars„y Wrest,inB Meetj Chicago v*cannot be released until it hasbeen made official. They visitedBasutoland for three weeks in De¬cember under a grant from theFord Foundation.UC is the first American uni-vious proposals have been rejectedby the Basuto government.Chandrasekhargiven UK medalSubrahmanyan Chandra-Not too Strong...Not too Light...Viceroys AfeSf Innt fba TQcto / VM*0V W in newgot the Tastethat’s right!O ’M3, BROWN «, WILUAMBON TOBACCO COftP. , “Slide-Top'Case delimited by us (the good guys), versity to attempt this study, ac-with the limitations observed by cording to Dunham. Several pre-the Russians (the bad guys).Doubtless, visionaries are to befound everywhere, but this visionseems inconsistent with some ofTeller’s others.A little viginette of the Tel-lerian world of the future makesan appropriate ending: “It mighteven be advisable to contemplatebuilding the schools themselves, sekhar, professor of astrono-with modern lighting and air eon- my an(j physics was one ofditionine, und.r er.mnd On th. tw J. t„ receive thissurface above the underground , 1school, children could have a years royal medal of Britain sreally adequate playground. The Society.underground school, of course, He received the medal for hiswould be constructed and equipped distinguished researches in mathe-as a mass shelter. There would matical physics, particularly thosebe no problem of getting the cliil- related to the stability oi con-dren from classroom to shelter vective motions in fluids with andafter an alert. . . .” without magnetic fields.”Since Teller and men of his Chandrasekhar is a theoreticalviews have an important voice in astrophysicist who spends part ofour national policy, il is well that his time lecturing on campus, andwe contemplate the children play- the rest of it at Yerkes observa-ing on the grassed-over roofs of tory in Williams Bay, Wisconsin,their useless shelters. Playing for Yerkes is owned and operated bya short while yet, that is. Because UC.of the importance of these voices. Chandrasekhar has been asso-and the possibility that they will ciated with UC since 1937. He isdominate, Teller’s book should be now the Morton D. Hull dis-read by all . Needless to say, an tinguished service professor. Chan-antidote is required, but this anti- drasekhar, born in India, is adote is not difficult to procure. A naturalized American,few days’ reading of the news- The other scientist receiving thepapers will generally suffice. More award was Sir John Eccles, physi-serious cases will find relief in 0j0gy professor at the Australianreading the article by the Briitish National University in Canberra.Nobel prizewinner, physicist P. 1VT. Eccles was honored “for his dis-S. Blackett, in the April 1962, tinguished investigations of theScientific American, which discus- function of the spinal cord, par¬ses in detail many of the problems ticularly with the mechanisms ofdisposed ot by Teller. excitation and inhibition.”Paula FozzySHARE-A-RIDE CENTRAL |Offers A Unique New Service To Our Mobile Society $Now You Can Find Share Expense Rides orRiders to Any City Nationwide.Subscribe NOW! For Your Trip Home For Spring Interim.For Complete InformationTELEPHONE FI 6-7263 Milikin University, Bartlett Gymnasi¬um, 3:30 pm.Basketball Games, Chicago “B” teamvs. Joliet Junior College: ChicagoVarsity vs. Wayne State University,Fieldhouse. 6 and 8 pm.Collegium Miisicum, Madrigal Singers,Bond Chapel, 8:30 pm.Sunday, January 27Roman Catholic, Mass, 8:30, 10, 11 and12 am. Cavert House.Radio Series: Faith of Our Fathers,WGN, 8:30 am.Lutheran, Communion Service, GrahamTaylor Chapel. 9 am.Radio Series: From the Midway,WFMF. 11 am.University Religious Service, Rockefel¬ler Memorial Chapel, 11 am.Carillon Recital, Mr. Robins, Rockefel¬ler Chapel 4 pm.Seminar: Church-State Issues, BaptistGraduate Student Center. 5:30 pm.United Vesper Service, Graham TaylorChapel, 6:30 pm.Lecture: “Man as a Social Being.Brent House. 7 pm.Seminar: Historical Determinism andChristian Hope, Chapel House, 7:15pm. •Folk Dancing, Ida Noyes Hall. 7:30 pm-Polit: Open Caucus, Ida Noyes Hall.7:30 pm. , „Third Annual Open Team ofBridge Club Championship, Ida NoyesHall. 7:15 pm.Monday, January 28Lecture: History and Eternal Destiny.Paul Tillich, Law School Auditorium,11:30 am. . ,Poetry of Bialik and Tchermchovsky.Hiilel Foundation, 4:30 pm.Particle: Staff meeting, Ida Noyes Han4:30 pm. _.Lecture: “Plwtochrome — the PigmcControlling Photoresponsive Develop¬ment and Bidsynthesis in H i| h e rPlants.” H. W. Siegelman, Botany106, 4:30 pm. • _ ,, Tn.Motion Picture: “Lust for Life, mternational House, 7 and 9 pm.Gleeful Club, Ida Noyes Theatre. 7 PirnLecture-Discussion, “The TraditionPolitical Philosophy,’ Leo Stiaus.,Hiilel Foundation. 8 pm .Coffee Plus: String Quartet, H. CoSlim, Shorey House, 9 pm.IntramuralsShorey North topped East I 24 18in the closest intramural basketballgame last night.In the other games Doddsmashed 5400 Greenwood 55-30;Mead ran over East II 28-12; TuNorth dumped Thompson North37-25; Phi Delta Theta innundatedBeta Theta Phi 36-15.WUCB basketballWUCB will broadcast to¬morrow night’s basketballgame against Wayne State.The Maroons lost last Sat¬urday's game to Dennison, -r>6 38-The won-lost record now standsat 7-3.WUCB will broadcast the ga>neat 7:45, at 640 on your A.M. dial inNew Dorm, International House,Burton Judson, and Pierce.4 • CHICAGO MAROON • Jan. 25, 19*3Social science issues discussed Oldest employee honoredLeo Strauss will initiatenew lecture series Sundaydealing with the issues thatlie at the base of the currentchurch-state controversy. Strauss,Robert Maynard Hutchins distin¬guished service professor of politi¬cal science, will speak on “TheTradition of Political Philosophy."Through an examination voi thevarious possible relationships be¬tween religion and political societythe series will attempt to point outa resolution of the present conflict.The lecture-discussions will beheld on consecutive Sundays at 8pm at the Hillel Foundation, 5715Woodlawn Ave. Although plannedfor the Hillel graduate group, allmembers of the university are in¬vited to attend.Strauss has written several bookson political philosophy, including The Political Philosophy of Hobbes,Natural Right and History, andPersecution and the Art of Writing.The series, dedicated to thememory of Rabbi Pekarsky, Hilleldirector who died this summer, hasbeen arranged by George An-astaplo, lecturer in the Liberal Artsat the downtown center.Tax on ghetto thoughtSol Tax, Professor of An¬thropology and Head of theSocial Science Section, will re¬ply to some of the issuesraised in a speech by Bruno Bettel-helm, reported last week in theMaroon. The talk will be given atthe Hillel house.Bettelheim’s speech dealt with* ‘ ghetto philosophy* ’ *Tax’ speech will be the first ina Hillel Fireside series dealing withcontemporary issues of Jewishidentity. The series is entitled“Judaism and the Jews: TwentiethCentury Perspectives."The Hillel foundation is locatedat 5715 Woodlawn. The lecture willstart at 8:30.Labor seminar plannedA one day seminar on policychanges in the National LaborRelations Board will be heldon the University of Chicagocampus, Saturday, February 2. Theseminar will be held under theauspices of the university’s Ex¬tension Division, at the Center forContinuing Education, 1307 East60th Street.Frank McCulloch, Chairman ofOpen occupancy analyzed(continued from page 3)part in University policy-making. But the University stillmaintains that “there is nothng worth while discussing;"the University has its policy and that was that. Since theSit-ins, it has added other accomplishments to its record.These include the giving of land to the Chicago SchoolBoard on which to place mobile school units whosepurpose, as was pointed out by Alderman Despres, wasto avoid school integration (there are over 200 all-white,100 all-Negro schools in Chicago). As was pointed out atthe time, willingness to utilize empty white classroomscould have alleviated the problem, but school Superin¬tendent Willis chose rather to keep the schools segregatedand put up “aluminum" classrooms. Willis’ only problemwas that he needed land on which to place them. As II jointed out in a letter at the time, “To SuperintendentWillis’ rescue came the University of Chicago, in generaland its representative Julian Levi in particular, withtheir generous offer of aid."In the meanwhile, on the other side of the Midway,The Woodlawn Organization (TWO) has been formed totry to solve that area’s complex and disturbing problem.They have accomplished a great deal and are doing soon the basis of an exciting principle, “What is crucial inshort, is not what the residents win, but the fact thatTHEY are wnning it" (Saul Alinsky). Fortune Magazine,certainly not a stereo-typed liberal publication, called it“in many ways the most impressive experiment affectingthe Negro anywhere in the United States.” The Univer¬sity’s relations to this significant development has beena repeat of its opposition ten years ago to the Hyde Park-Kenwood Community Conference. There has been name¬calling directed at TWO by the University, complete re¬fusal to meet with any of their leaders (a meeting thissummer was set up by Maroon editor Laura Godofsky;TWO officials accepted the offer to meet with PresidentBeadle; President Beadle absolutely refused to attendthe meeting); and claimed, almost humorously, thatWoodlawn is really represented by the University- initi¬ated, University-sponsored, University-financed South EastChicago Commission rather than TWO (Julian Levy).We, as students and faculty, are faced with the prob¬lem of being part of a university which has consistentlyrefused to abandon its “irreversible white panic-managedsegregation" theories, refused to work for city or stateantidiscrimination laws, lent financial support to the segre¬gation policies of the Chicago School Board, and refusedto work with community organizations, even the brilliantnew one on the other side of the Midway.This is what CORE objects to! We object to a policywhose outmodedness and narrow-mindedness is only ex¬ceeded by its insensitivity to the plight of Chicago’s Negropopulation.BRUCE RAPPAPORT,Chairman, UC CORE the National Labor RelationsBoard, will speak at the luncheonsession.Participants include J. AlbertWoll, general counsel, AFL-CIO,Washington, D.C.; William Feldes-man, solicitor of the Board; LesterAsher, general counsel, IllinoisState AFL-CIO; and Ben Aaron,director of the Institute of Indus¬trial Relations, University of Cali¬fornia and president of the NationalAcademy of Arbitrators. Also par¬ticipating will be Dean Shultz ofthe Graduate School of Business atthe University of Chicago andArnold R. Weber, associate pro¬fessor in the Business School.Seminar chairman is Harold A.Katz, Chairman of the UnitedStates National Committee and theInternational Society for LaborLaw and Social Legislation.Students who wish to attendshould contact Dean Biris at BU8-2500.Personality structure talkDr. C. J. Adcock of VictoriaUniversity, Wellington, NewZealand, will speak here Mon¬day on “A Factorial View ofPersonality Structure". The lectureis one of a series sponsored by thePsychology Club and the depart¬ment of Psychology.Dr. Adcock has recently com¬pleted two years of research atthe Laboratory of Personality As¬sessment and Group Behavior atthe University of Illinois.The lecture will begin at 3 pm inEckhart 133, and admission is free. The University’s oldest em¬ployee will be honored at afarewell luncheon Monday atthe Quadrangle Club.Abel J. Hoffman, 84, retired thismonth after 39 years at the Uni¬versity, most of that time with theofficial title of Laboratory Store¬keeper for the Department ofBiochemistry. He is 11 years olderthan the University itself, whichwas founded in 1890.A University employee since1924, Hoffman first came to thecampus as a construction worker,to help build Abbott Hall. When itwas completed, he moved in totake care of the biochemistry de¬partment.“I personally poured the con¬crete floor and walls of the roomI occupied for almost 40 years,"he said.Hoffman is a tall, spare, straight,white-haired man with a dignitybefitting his academic and scien¬tific environment.Members of the biochemistryfaculty have all known Hoffman’sstern admonitions, delivered per¬sonally or in handwritten memos,on housekeeping problems fromleaky faucets to leaves in down¬spouts and snow blocking thedrains.They also know his affection forthe scientists he has worked with.“It was fun to grow up withthem,” Hoffman said, “to see themget their PhD’s and join the staff.It’s been a long, lovely familylife.” The members of Hoffman’s“family” return his warm regard.Among his hosts on Monday willbe Earl A. Evans, Jr, professorand chairman of the department ofbiochemistry; Dr Albert Dorfman,who received his PhD in 1939, andCL L ADS a medical degree five years later,and is now professor and chair¬man of the department of pediat¬rics and director of the La Rabida-University of Chicago Institute; DrAlbert Potts, who received hisPhD in 1938, at Chicago, a medicaldegree later, and is now professorand director of research in oph¬thalmology; Joseph J. Ceithaml,who got his PhD in 1941, is nowprofessor of biochemistry and deanof students in the division of thebiological sciences; Ray Koppel-man, who got his PhD in 1952, andis now associate professor ofbiochemistry.Madrigal concertset for tomorrowThe Madrigal Singers of theCollegium Musicum will pre¬sent a concert of early 17thCentury music tomorrow at8:30 pm in Bond Chapel. Admissionis free. /The concert, consisting of musicby William Byrd, John Dowland,and Heinrich Schutz, will em¬phasize the contrasting facets ofearly Baroque music. The partsongs, madrigals, and motets bythe Englishmen Byrd and Dow¬land, are conservative, written inthe idiom of the preceding century.By contrast the Schutz motets areexamples of the new Baroquemusic, highly expressive of Ihetext and filled with experiment.The music by Byrd and Dow¬land will be sung a oappella by theMadrigal Singers, directed byHoward Brown, Assistant Professorof Music.Ann Scott, a graduate student inthe department of Music, will ac¬company the Schutz pieces on theBaroque organ in Bond Chapel.Frederick F. Hammond, Instruc¬tor in the College, will play twopavanes and galliards on theharpsichord.ROOMS, APTS., ETC.Exceptional student apt. 4 rms. furn.,util., Pd., $75. Blackstone & 56th. OA4-3320, ext. 318.5»/a ROOMSIn the vicinity of 50th & Woodlawn.Will decorate completely, modern stoveand refrigerator, available now, $145.Call Mr. Hoffman, CE 6-3806 or Casper,AT 5-7119.For rent; furnished townhouse, 6039 S.University, 4 bedrooms, Steinway piano,garage. April 1 to Sept. 15. FA 4-6796CO-OP BARGAIN — 4 ROOMSDeluxe lake side elevator bldg, at 76thSt. Exc. closets, parquet floors, trans.,etc. E. under $7,000. Assm’t with de¬ductions under $100. B. approval. BA1-7823 or DE 2-3700 (days).FOR SALELow cost auto and mal-practice in¬surance for medical externs. interns,and residents. Call Sam Michael, 322-1588.Browse for books at Seminary Co-opBookstore. Co-op rebate prices, CTSbasement, 1164 E. 58th; 12-2 M, T, Th,F, and 7-9 pm W. (Coffe near).LOST AND FOUNDFound: lady’s pocketbooks, Jan. 16th,am, on Midway. Call 477-8747 eveningsFound: near 58th and Woodlawn, ablack leather Buxton Key Case, con¬taining 8 keys. Owner may claim uponidentification by calling the undersignedat Int. House, Room 769, and leavinga message for mutually convenienttime of meeting. Joe Kousser.Lost: Important Bio. 212 notebook. Iffound please contact S. Becker at 363-7443 or leave message. HELP AVAILABLEPUBLIC STENOGRAPHER• IBM EXECUTIVE TYPEWRITER• PHOTOSTATS• STENORETTE DICTAPHONE• LETTERS DICTATED VIA PHONE• MANUSCRIPTS, ETC. (HY 3-3149)Susan Levitin, teacher of flute, Mrs.Levitin teaches at the studios of GavinWilliamson, 5518 Hyde Park Blvd. App’tby phone, 326-4121 or FA 4-3525 (home)HELP WANTEDCo-ed wanted for housekpg. & takingcare of 8 motherless children. Trans,supplied. Call ext. 3265, ask for Mary,or leave name and number.MISCELLANEOUSSemi-formal dance at InternationalHouse Saturday, Jan. 26; 9-12 pm. PhilWalsh Orchestra. Dancing, entertain¬ment, refreshments, $1 per person.Student art tour of Europe. June 10-Aug. 2. Send stamped, self-addressedenvelope for brochure. Roger Boutelle,1619 Pierce Tower. Inmates study at SIUTwenty eight inmates ofMenard Prison are currentlytaking* courses at SouthernIllinois University throughthe university’s extension division.According to Thomas Cassidy,who originated the idea, the pro¬gram is “a success to date.”The inmates, who devote fulltime to attending classes andstudying, take courses in Europeanhistory, American governmentand English. The courses aretaught by SIU faculty members.The first courses offered toMenard inmates were given in theUniversityTheatreReading-Coffee-DiscussionTuesday, January 227:30 pm, Reynolds ClubHarold Pinter'sTHE DWARVESFree Admission with IDFree Coffee Hist, boys! When can we come again?M & M. inmates who have taken coursessince then have gone to collegeVOTE after their release. One has evencompleted his graduate work for aMaster’s degree.LAKE /IpaRK ATSjRD : N O 7 9 O 7 1the (vyde park theatreStarts Friday, Jan. 25Berlin Festival Winner!"A KIND OF LOVING"Femandel • "THE COW 11” Starts Friday, Feb. 13 DAYS ONLY!antonionrs TAYYENTURA"4 aiain resnais'"LAST YEAR AT MARIENBAD"Beginning Mon., Feb. 4,through Thurs», Feb. 14,The Hyde Park Theatreshall be CLOSED for tbeInstallation of NewConcrete and PUSH-BACKSEATS. Starts Friday, Feb. 15tony richardsou's"THE LONELINESS OF THELONG DISTANCE RUNNER"4"The Girl With TheGolden Eyes'*| Special Student Hates WITH Student 1.0. Cards| Free Weekend Patron Parking at 5230 S. Lake Park Ave. 1the university of Chicago theatre announces MONTAGE. . . a month with the theatre artsA montli-Iong excursion into the theatre arts—dance, musical com-\ edy and drama—offered as a low-cost package. Seat6 for all three' events are available to U of C students for $4.00. Seats in the highest1 price seating area for all three events for $5.50. Individual eventtickets are also available at student discount. Tickets at Reynoldsi Club desk.acn.L L11 s SUNDAY, FEB. 10one night onlyMERLE CUNNINGHAMAND DANCE COMPANYwith JOHN CAGE andDAVID TUDOR, Musical Directors8:30 pm, Mandel Hall$1.50, $2.00, $2.50student discount 50c FEB 15, 16, 17, 22, 23 \GOOD NEWS ;a rollicking campus musical from the roaring 20'sMandel Hall, 8:30 pm $2.00-$2.50, students 50c off !MARCH 1, 2, 3 \BLOOD WEDDINGa classic verse drama by Federico Garcia LorcaLaw School Theatre 8:30 pm $1.50-$2.00,students 50c offShown (top to bottom), ’63 Chevy II Nova 1,00 Station Wagon, Chevrolet Impala Sport Sedan,Corvette Sting Ray Sport Coupe and Corvair Mont y Club CoupeTillich: task of theoiogy is mediation(This is the second of two articles basedGd an interview with Paul Tillich)by Guy Oakes“The task of theology ismediation, mediation betweenthe eternal criterion of truthas it is manifest in the pictureof Jesus as the Christ and in thechanging experiences of individualsand groups, their varying ques¬tions and their categories of per¬ceiving reality.”So Paul Tillich opened a discus¬sion on theology as a way of“mediation” which confronts manin every age with his religiousfoundation. Professor at severalGerman universities in the twen¬ties, Tillich left National SocialistGermany to accept the chair inphilosophic theology at Union Semi¬nary. New York. Later universityprofessor at Harvard, where healso offered philosophy courses toundergraduates on the self-inter¬pretation of man in Westernthought, Tillich is now John NuveenProfessor of Theology in the UCDivinity School. He is at presentgiving public lectures which willform the basis of his third volumeon systematic theology.“Theology,” according' to Til¬lich, ‘‘ALWAYS mediates. Thereis no other theology, only thatwhich mediates between religioussymbols and the categories ofthinking which are prevailing in aspecial period. Therefore we meanmediation when we say theology.“For instance, a special groupof 19th century theologians medi¬ated between the Christian tradi¬tion and the classical Germantheology. Schleiermacher could becalled the first of them, aiid therewere others, of course, thoseagainst whom Kierkegaard wasfighting.“The fundamental task of theolo¬gy is that it always tries to inter¬pret the Christian message toevery consecutive generation. Andthis interpretation or communica¬tion is a mediation. In this senseI wouldn’t mind being called a‘theologian of mediation.’ I wouldconsider this simply the statementof the truism that I am a theolo¬gian.“Now if you speak to the situa¬tion and try to communicate theChristian message to the people oftoday where they are (Bartianswho are beginning to feel some¬what alienated by Tillich's treat¬ment might take note here. i. e.,‘the kerygma must be throwninto the situation like a rock intoa stream’), you can do it in sucha way that you emphasize the un¬changing foundation of Christiani¬ty, the basic message (kerygma:‘good news,* ‘gospel,’ etc.). ThenUT to sponsor4-week festivalDrama, music, comedy, anddance will be featured in amonth-long festival of theatreby University Theatre.The month begins on Sundayevening February 10 at 8:30 pmin Mandel Hall, with a dance re¬cital by the Merce CunninghamDance Company featuring JohnCage as Musical Director.“Good News,” a rollicking cam¬pus musical of the ’20’s will beperformed Friday, Saturday, andSunday, February 15, 16 and 17and Friday and Saturday, Febru¬ary 22 and 23 in Mandel Hall.Frederico Garcia Lorca’s modernclassic, “Blood Wedding,” will begiven in the Law School Auditor¬ium, Friday, Saturday, and Sundaynights, March 1, 2, and 3.A combined ticket offer for allfour weeks is being made; the bestseats for the dance, musical, anddrama, on dates of your choice,are available for $5.50. A plan forseats from the medium priceranges is available for $4. In eachcase, the saving is $1.50,Ticket prices for individualevents and for students’ discounttickets and reservations are avail¬able by calling Midway 3-0800, ext.3581, or writing 5706 S. UniversityAve., Chicago 37, Illinois. you are a conservative theologian,and you follow the traditional in¬terpretation of God and the God-man, man-man relationships.“On the other hand, if you wantto express the basic thing in moremodern terms, then you ca.. easilybecome a liberal. And here, itseems to me, it is a very obvioustask of theology today to overcomethis alternative, to speak to thepresent generation so that the truthof the Christian message is notreduced, changed, altered. As I seeit, my theology can be understoodas an attempt to overcome theconflict between these two types oftheology.“My theology is one in whichthe philosophical element is spe¬cially studied and emphasized inthe presentation. In my own word¬ing I distinguish betweenkerygmatic and apologetic theolo¬gy, and say frankly that my giftor function or task is to emphasizethe more apologetic theology. Thisof course means to use thephilosophical concepts more con¬sciously and carefully, while themore kerygmatic theologians usethem only casually, without inquir¬ing much into their meaning. As Isee them, philosophy and theologyare not separated, and neither arethey identical. They are cor¬related.”Without this “correlation,” Til¬lich said, the conflict betweennaturalistic and super-naturalisticmethods in theology, “which im¬perils not only any real progressin the work of systematic theology,but also any possible effect oftheology on the secular world,”will not be overcome.Perhaps the very basis of the“unchanging foundation of Chris¬tianity” is centered on the conceptsof grace and justification by faithand their relation to the evil thatis structured into human historyand social relations. Tillich ex¬presses this relation in the prefaceto the essay in The Protestant Era.“History has a turning point inwhich the meaning of historyappears, overcoming the self¬destructive trend of the historicalprocess and creating somethingnew which cannot be frustrated bythe circular motion of nature. Ifevil has a demonic or structuredcharacter, limiting human free¬dom, its conquest can only comeby the opposite, the divine struc¬ture, by what we have called astructure of grace. We are graspedby grace, another way of saying,‘we have faith.’ ”The subtleties of this relation¬ship are familiar to those whohave attempted to fathom themeaning of the “unconditional con¬cern” and the impossibility ofatheism. According to Tillich theprinciple of justification throughfaith refers not only to the reli-NY studies school timeA committee of the New YorkState Legislature has proposedlengthening the school day andyear to eliminate one or two yearsfrom 12- or 13-year course for ele¬mentary and secondary education.Various financial and adminis¬trative reorganizations which wouldgive the state much greater controlover local school operations werealso proposed. Savings of from$100 million to $400 million a yearare possible, the committee re¬ported.Proposals of the committee werereviewed by State Commissioner ofEducation James E. Allen, Jr., ata state-wide meeting of school su¬perintendents.Allen, without endorsing the rec¬ommendations, said the) wereworthy of study, along with pos¬sible alternatives.Traditional concepts of local con¬trol, Allen said, should now beexamined realistically in the lightof changing needs. Local controlcan survive, he added, only if itcan produce efficiently and econo¬mically the quality of educationwhich the times demand. giouo, but also to the intellectuallife. In this connection not onlyman in sin, but also man in doubtcan be justified through faith, forTillich says, “there is faith inevery serious doubt.” This is thefaith in the truth as such, faith inthe form of truth without specify¬ing its substance. Consequent)’, wehave faith in the truth, “even ifthe only truth we can express isour lack of the truth.’’ The resultis that there is no possible atheism,a conclusion which some of theuninitiated (this writer amongthem) have failed to comprehend.Tillich says there are two im¬portant things relevent in thisconnection. “One is that atheismis not possible. But if atheism isdefined as the “non-theistic" at¬titude, it is quite possible andprobably very real in our time. Ifyou mean atheism as an attitudeof a human being without anyultimate concern, then it is notpossible.“Every human being has some¬thing which he takes ‘uncondition¬ally’ seriously. And that makesatheism in the larger sense, in mysecond sense of the word, impos¬sible. In the first sense, if it is a special doctrine of theism, that isquite possible and probably large¬ly real.”“The explanation of this is thatfor me faith is not evidence orquiet certainty. Faith is . . . andhere I am very much on the sideof Dr. Martin Luther . . . always,as he calls it, a very living thing,a struggle between confidence anddoubt, grace and sin. It is never astatic attitude, but always verydynamic. If faith were evidence,then doubt would surely be theopposite. But faith is, in its innercenter, courage. And courage isalways a matter of risk. So infaith there is always a doubt in¬volved: whether the risk will besuccessful or not.”“The important thing to remem¬ber is that faith receives. It is the cause ofchannel, but not the v ojjustification. This means being accepted by God and believing thatyou are accepted; having the eonfidence, the state of being graspsby the certainty that you are ac¬cepted even though you know thatyou are unacceptable.”‘That is justification by faith,and now I have extended this con¬cept not only to the realm ot reli¬gion and ethics, but also into therealm of knowledge. From thiscomes my idea of doubt. As I said,whether we have the truth orwhether we are separated from it,still we can feel accepted in spiteof this. Being religious is beingunconditionally concerned, wheth¬er this concern expresses itself insecular or in religious (in the nar¬row sense of that word) forms.”Here endenth the lesson. iNU tutoring program gets grantsThe Northwestern Univer¬sity Student Tutoring: Projecthas received a total of $13,000in grants, its director RobertHolding announced recently.The Project received $11,945 fromthe Wieboldt Foundation, $1,000from Sears. Roebuck & Co., and$55 from the Sears YMCA.The tutoring project was begun last March by Holding, a recentNorthwestern graduate and severalother students. Currently about 150tutors are working with 450 Lawn¬dale area children who are drop-outs or potential dropouts.The money will be used fortransportation costs, materials, andHolding’s salary. A group of highschool tutors is being formed. -These tutors will be paid $1 anhour out of the grants.You'll make the wisest choiceno matter which Chevrolet you choose!These four different ears are alike in oneimportant way. Each is a product ofChevrolet Division of General Motors.So each will give you more performance,beauty, comfort and good news at trade-in, But each is tailored to a certain kindof buyer. Our big Chevrolethas the Jet-smooth ride,luxury and styling you’d expect only in costly cars. Chevy II fea¬tures parkable size, perky performanceand outstanding fuel economy. Corvairgives you rear engine maneuverabilityand sports car flair. 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