SC, NSA election issueChicagoVol. 67, No. 28 University of Chicago, April 14, 1959 3ieditorial edition indexToday's issue of the Maroon is the first of two specialeditions to be published this spring on events of impor¬tance to the campus. The next supplement, devoted tothe Festival of the Arts and election results, will appearnext Tuesday. In this issue:History of Student Government .page 1Ballot box scheduleEditorial presentationParty slates and comments pages 2, 3Candidate interviewsNSA explanationsDissatisfied with SC, change is up to you!Every year is called a "cru¬cial" year for the Student Gov¬ernment at election time and1959 is no exception; perhaps theword expresses more truth at thismoment than in times past. Criti¬cized over the years for the squabbling and politicking displayed bythe parties, the Government thisyear has inspired the smallestamount of talk and argument oncampus and perhaps the greatestamount of apathy ever felttoward it; apathy shown not onlyin the “who care§” attitude of theUC student body but also in-thesimilar attitude displayed withinthe government itself.With many of the “old partyhacks’’ gone or just plain wornout the two “elder statesman” par¬ties could not even fill their slates.SRP, once strong in the divisions,found it necessary to concede 16seats for lack of candidates; ISLsimilarly could not fill in seats.They were tired of begging disin¬terested individuals to lend theirnames for the sake of roundingout a slate and presumably peoplewere more than a little weary ofbeing associated with a do-no¬thing government.Much of the “new blood” want¬ing to strike out on their own in¬stead of joining one of the twoexisting parties, formed an alli¬ance of their own (PSA) and haverun a slate in the College only.Composed mainly of first yearstudents, PSA’s intentions aresincere enough, but the benefitof experience in their ranks isvisibly lacking.While PSA and SRP’s young-people slated have behind thescenes assistance from olderparty members the real strengthamong all the slates lies with ISLwho have their experiencedpeople and leadership running sideby side with their new people.The slates of all the parties run¬ning for election in the Collegehave been filled mainly with firstyear students. While this may mean a rebirth of interest withinthe Government, such inexperi¬ence can be a real detriment espe¬cially in the NSA. where the pres¬tige of the US delegation can beeasily lost with first year students“learning” on the job.UC, instrumental in formingthe NSA and staffing its mostimportant positions over the yearshas more to lose than gain insending ar. inexperienced delega¬tion to the national congress.During the past year Govern¬ment has had a hard time muster¬ing quorums at meetings and hasaccomplished nothing. It hasdropped responsibilities that itonce held and as it has droppedresponsibilities it has dropped inthe eyes of campus until verylittle respect for the group re¬mains.While in the past years peti¬tions circulated to dissolve SGand substitute another form ofgovernment appeared on campusand served warning that if SGdidn’t get some semblance of or¬der into their management of theassembly they might not be run¬ning it much longer, this year noone seemed to care enough oneway or another to even threatenthe laxity of Government manage¬ment.The Government has been re¬evaluated time and time again andthis too seems to do nothing toimprove the assembly. We canonly hope that this last attemptat re-evaluation will succeed forthe sake of the existence of gov¬ernment on campus.The Assembly elected thisThursday and Friday will haveone of the biggest jobs in its his¬tory to accomplish. It must in¬spire interest, regain its dignityand power and prove its ownworth to campus. This cannot beaccomplished without the studentbody’s support.Student activities have falteredtraditionally on campus from lackof support from the student body.Ballot box scheduleMandel Thursday, April 16. 9:15- 7:00Haskell • ♦•••••••••••••••a • • • • . 9:15-11:00Culver .11:15- 2:15Law «•»•••••••••»•••• i • . 2:30- 4:45Burton . 5:00- 7:00Social Sciences . 9:15- 4:45Int house . . . . -. 5:00- 7:00Cobb . 9:15- 4:45C-arouD . 5:00- 7:00Mandel ..... Friday, April 17• •»••••••••••••• •••• • • . 9:15- 7:00Social Sciences . 9:15-11:15Medical school .11:30- 2:15Harper • #•••••••••••••••••• • • . 2:30- 4:45Judson . 5:00- 7:00Eckhart • ••••••••••••••••••a** . 3:15- 4:45Swift ....... .11:15- 3:00Judd . 3:15- 4:45New dorm . .. . 5:00- 7:00Cobb ....... . 9:15- 4:45Cates . 5:00- 7:00Bring ID cards when voting The important activities have con¬tinued only through the effortsof the few on campus who havesacrificed their academic stand¬ing for the sake of keeping thestandards of the activity up ormerely keeping the organizationin existence. A hundred minor or¬ganizations flourish here becausethey do not need strong leader¬ship and do not burden their mem¬bership with great responsibilitiesand time requirements.Perhaps the burden of schoolwork at UC is just too great forthere to be governments, newspa¬pers and yearbooks to support.Perhaps our students want noresponsibility or voice other thanin the classroom We are tired of assuring our¬selves and you that a school ofthe prestige and caliber of theUniversity of Chicago wants andwill support self government andother outlets for student expres¬sion. The time has come for youto prove for yourself that you door do not want representation . . .and whether or not you wish totake any interest in your school.There are other alternatives toself-government on campus. Theform and substance of the govern¬ment that UC has is largely upto you.Show that you have a voice,question the candidates and sup¬port the slate that you feel can accomplish something in Govern¬ment and then don’t sit back andjust wait for the apathy to set inso that you can join the heckling.Get petitions going, send lettersto Government, attend meetings. , . show your voice in some wayif you are interested or similarlyif you are not interested. The fateof Government and activities ingeneral is up to you. The “newblood” visible on all the slatesneeds your help. If you don'tstrengthen the foundation of gov¬ernment and begin somethingthat can be built upon it, k willnot be long until you find youhave no voice on campus at alLDo you care?Referendum — April 16, 171. Be it resolved that;A. Article II-D-3 be deletedand the following substi¬tuted: Must sign a state¬ment of candidacy and in¬tention to remain in resi¬dence for at least two ofthe three quarters succeed¬ing the quarter in whichthe election is held.B. Article VI-B be amendedby striking the phrase;. ... except that the candidate must expect to be inresidence the followingacademic year,Summary of I: That requirementsof candidacy for SG and NSAbe made the same, i.e. A above.2.) Be it resolved that the last sen¬tence of Article II-D-4 bestricken and the followingsubstituted: Where no finalgrades have been received, ad¬ visory grades shall be used.Summary of II: That first yearstudents who are taking noth¬ing but general courses (Col¬lege courses) must have an av¬erage of 2.0 or better of theiradvisory grades.3.) Be it resolved that the follow¬ing be inserted after ArticleII-E-6 as Article II-E-7 andthat Article II-E-7 as amendedbe renumbered as E-8 and sub¬sequent sections accordingly,to wit:The dean of students office,whenever possible in conjunc¬tion with the chairman ofCORSO, shall have the powerto promulgate, effect and en¬force Sections 5 and 6, pro¬videda. that there is such an ur¬gent necessity for the regula¬tions that time will not permitadherence to the normal pro¬ cedures. and further providedb. that the dean of studentsimmediately upon taking suchemergency measures and, ifpossible, prior to taking suchmeasures, notify the Assem¬bly president of the proposedaction and reasons therefore.If the Assembly president isunavailable another memberof the Executive council shallbe notified, and further pro¬videdc. that the basis of the ur¬gent necessity is clearly statedin writing to the Assemblywithin a reasonable time.Summary of III: That the dean ofstudents may in case of ex¬treme emergency bypass theStudent Code if he informs anofficer of the government be¬forehand and informs the As¬sembly afterward of the basinof the emergency.Structure and history ofUC government presentedStudent Government is his¬torically and organizationallya government of political par¬ties. The first SG members electedin spring, 1947, had run withoutaffiliation. However, they almostimmediately split into two fac¬tions: a “fraternity” group and afaction of independents and vet¬erans. The “fraternity” factiondisappeared by the fall of 1947and their opposition fell by thewayside in the election of 1948.The year 1948-49 marked the be¬ginning of SG in the form it is intoday. The Independent Studentleague (ISL) which had just beenformed took 75 out of the 85 seatsin the fall election. The major ac¬complishments of that year werethe paying of NSA dues and theestablishment of a book exchange.ISL, even then, was primarilyconcerned with the “student asstudent.” Although they met withopposition, it was of an unorgan¬ized type.In the next election, the name¬less opponents of the ISL formedthemselves into a party, Although the name of the opposition partyhas changed with the years, theline has generally been drawnthrough approximately the samepart of the political spectrum. ISLhas felt that the students shouldbe represented as students: theopposition has contended thatthey should also be representedas citizens. ISL has always ex¬pressed the feeling that problemsmust be solved by slow and steadyprogress toward a future goal incontinuing conferences with theadministration; the opposition hasapproached problems with a feel¬ing that they must be solved asquickly as practical without anybacking down.ISL took 55 seats in the electionof 1949, while the opposition Stu¬dent Assembly Reform coalition(SARC) took 20 seats. The majoraccomplishment of this FourthAssembly was the negotiation ofthe “Statute of Powers” with theadministration. The administra¬tion at this time also accepted the“Student Bill of Rights.” Thesetwo documents, along with theoriginal constitution of 1947, form the basis of SG’s powers. In the“Statute of Powers” SG is grant¬ed the power to recognize andregulate student organization, andthe Student Faculty Administra¬tion court is set up.The election of 1950 saw an ex¬tremely large majority (60-5) forISL over the newly named Non-Partisan Students league (NPSL).For the first time, ISL took allthe seats on the executive coun¬cil, enunciating the principle thatthe party which wins a majorityof the seats should assume com¬plete control of the machinery ofgovernment to carry out the poli¬cies on which it was elected. Theparty system was made, underthis new ISL principle, the onlypossible one for SG.The ISL Fifth assembly thenenacted many pieces of legislationdealing with student services.They also passed the Michiganplan, under which all campus or¬ganizations with discriminatoryconstitutions on October 1, 1952;would be derecognized.(see 'SG' page 4)—Maroon interviews SG candidatesWhat do you consider tobe the differences betweenISL, SRP and PSA in purposeand aim?Phil Epstein (ISL• College,NSA) “SRP, the party which hashad the government for two con¬secutive terms, has made nosignificant record for itself. SRP’sideological stand has preventedthem from achieving any realcampus benefit with a weakenedinternal organization, as evi¬denced by their incomplete slatethey can promise little more.PSA: a group of inexperienced,first year students, who have notreally examined campus and gov¬ernment problems before shout¬ing about them. Their approach isnegative, their knowledge sparse,their program unrealistic- ISL:takes a broad realistic approachbacked by a slate of capable can¬didates, ISL holds both serviceand representation foremost.” paring the specific content of vari¬ous courses, especially the generaleducation or college courses. Forthe ‘new’ college, this is an oppor¬tunity now for all practical pur¬poses rejected, and in which theadministration has been negligentof both its own and the students’interests in not soliciting theirconsidered opinions.“Another area, which I considerof prime importance, is that ofthe services which the administra¬tion should provide and does not:a set - up for a book co - op, dis¬counts at neighborhood stores,etc. The present small weight ofstudent opinion in this area is in¬dicated by the university housingfile, in which the discriminatorypractices have been condemnedby every student government ad¬ministration and almost every po¬litical party since SRP wasfounded on that issue nine vearsago.”Bert Cohler (ISL) and SG president Joel Rosenthal arepictured at the last Government meeting.John Hicks (SRP-College) “Thereal platform of PSA consistsmerely of a cry for action- I don’tthink that this is the most impor¬tant issue before the voters. Be¬fore we can have action, it is firstnecessary to establish the rightsof the students and to activatestudent interest. Until SG has at¬tained recognition by the studentsand the administration, action can¬not be taken. The remaining itemson the PSA platform seem to betaken from SRP and ISL. Becauseof this, I feel that PSA has notperspective concerning govern¬ment: essentially, their platformconsists of only one plank.”Mike Wolf son (PSA - College,NSA) “This is not a question thatis easily answered in a few sen¬te n'ces or paragraphs — it isneither simple nor clear cut andI doubt that many of the candi¬dates are, themselves, are awareof the distinctions. Basically, PSAwas created for the purpose ofhelping to create a responsible, ac¬tive, and representative StudentGovernment. That such a groupwas created demonstrates, I think,that we feel that the past recordand indications of future actionsof the other parties will not pro¬duce such a government. The stu¬dent is part of a community (ever,one as fragmented as UC’s) andmust exist as a part of that com¬munity—he is neither largely a•political’ entity not largely 'astudent’ in the limited sense thatthis expression is often used.“We are pledged to a rathercomplete program of concrete ac¬tion, to a more careful and respon¬sible method of action and repre¬sentation.”To what extent does yourparty think that studentsshould have a voice in suchadministrative decisions astuition increases, changes incurrietdum, etc?Sam Silver (SRP-College, NSA)"The student has the right andthe obligation, as a vitally inter¬ested party, to voice his opinionas to these matters. He cannot ex¬pect 1o participate in the finaldecision-making, because of themultitidinous other factors ofwhich he has and can have noknowledge. The obligation of theadministration should be (andfrom their denial of this obliga¬tion stems most student-adminis¬tration complaint and misunder¬standing) to listen to the opinionsof the students, and to acceptwhatever may be thc-ir intrinsicworth. The area where this canbe. 1 think, most valid is in pre¬2 • CHICAGO MA Jack Eagon (ISL-Physieal Sci¬ences) ‘The administration takesinto account student opinion onthese three matters to the extentthey see fit and it doesn’t appearthat SG’s voice is any strongerthan any other source of studentopinion at this time. We wouldlike to make SG more effectivein this area.”Why did your party havesuch difficulties in fillingyour divisional slate?Albert Podell (SRP-SoeialScience) “I didn’t know we hadany trouble.”Lois A (1 e 1 m a n (SRP - T,aw)“There is always a difficulty infinding people to work and runfor government. They want olderpeople, SRP’rs who know aboutthe government. Right now theyare looking for people who arewilling to run for the party. Theyare interested in finding these peo¬ple first and then conformingthem to the party politics- Theywant people who are interestedin running.”Jack Eagon (ISL-Physioal Sci¬ence) “The chief reason that allparties had a difficult time in in¬teresting divisional and profes¬sional students is that in generalthey feel that they have more ef¬fective channels of communica¬tion with the administration thanSG provides, i.e„ through depart¬ment chairman and faculty andthrough professional school or¬ganizations. This year this feelingis at a particular height,”From the tone of your plat¬form, it seems that PSA is infavor of taking the Univer¬sity out of the NSA. Is thiscorrect?Lincoln Ramirez (PSA-Oollege,NSA) “I am not in favor of takingUC out of NSA this coming year,however, I do feel that an exami¬nation of UC’s relationship toNSA is in order. At present SGspends nearly 40 per cent of itsyearly budget to remain in NSA.The benefits derived from the as¬sociation may not be worth thisexpenditure. The money could beused instead for other SG serv¬ices.”L i n d a Morrison (PSA-NSA)“No, this is definitely not correct.PSA favors re-evalution of theusefulness of NSA to the Univer¬sity. We wish to determine thebenefits of membership in NSAas well as its necessity. Sincemany of the PSA candidates arefirst year students, our goal is tolearn more about NSA. We arenot advocating withdrawal; onR 0 O N April 14, 1959 the contrary, we are submittingfive names for election to NSA.”What overall achievementdoes your party wish SG toaccomplish during the nextyear*Phil Epstein (ISL-College-NSA)“The government must be in goodphysical operation primarily-ISL’s proposal of the Student Ac¬tivities council will effect this, aswell as other legislation followingup the re-evaluation report. Incor¬porating non - government mem¬bers, the council will add newpower and functions to the gov¬ernment such has calendaring andlimited budget determination.”Sam Silver (SRP-College-NSA)“This question is always a deli¬cate one for the party which hasbeen in office during the pastyear, for the query is always,'well, why didn’t you do it thisyear?’ SRP hopes, whether re¬elected to office or not, that theprojects which it has started thisyear will be continued. Most spe¬cifically to mind comes the testcase with the Postoffice which SGis attempting in conjunction withACLU. The legislative reforms inSG and the Student Bill of Rightswhich have come out of the re-evaluation committee report willbe carried out. I personally hopethat a greater use will be madeof NSA’s services in the way ofinformation and assistance on uni¬versal student problems, as ap¬plicable to this campus.“The primary function of Stu¬dent Government is to provide astudent voice for the expressionof our continued and vital interestin affairs of campus, national andinternational interest. This hasbeen a prime function of SG dur¬ing the past year, and will con¬tinue to be so under any SRPgovernment. The specific areas ofthis interest are outlined in ourplatform, and I do not need to re¬iterate them here; also includedthere are the specific projectswhich we hope SG will under¬take.”What do you sec as UC'srole in NSA?Lincoln Ranwriz (PSA-College-NSA) “I don’t think I'm qualifiedto comment on this.”Don Richards (ISL-NSA) “UCas one of the leading universitiesof the nation has a great role—its liberal atmosphere especiallyin the area of academic freedomcan and should serve as an exam¬ple to other universities in the na¬tion. Through NSA we can bestexpose our stands and policies onnational issues such as: federalaid to education, desegregation,and loyalty oath requirements forscholarships”Nancy A h e a r n (SRP-NSA)“Rather than speak about it ab¬stractly let me refer to a concreteincident the regional workshop inUrbana. As a member of SG inter¬ested in desegregation I attended.We had a good effect on univer¬sities such as Northwestern andsouthern Illinois who were ratherisolated from our more liberal at¬titudes. We were able to add ourideas, that students might havein effect on changing attitudes ofdiscriminating business men inthe University area and we canalso have this influence on thenational level.”Phi'! Epstein (ISL-NSA) “Wehave always taken a leading posi¬tion in initiating resolutions andproposals of import. Prior to lastyear’s congress we spent severalweeks formulating a written re¬port on student’s financial statuswhich formed the back bone forthe strong federal aid to educationresolution and mandate, subse¬quently adopted. The Chicagodelegation were organizers of astrong liberal faction at last year’scongress also with the Universityof North Carolina, parts of theCalifornia delegation and CCNY.I foresee this same type of role inthis year’s congress.”Judy Bourdecke (SRP-NSA)“I guess that the basic thingwould be 1he value of NSA assuch. If it lias any value at all,then our membership in the or¬ganization would be justified.NSA is (he only way that studentscan come together to discuss is¬sues and to take definite stands on problems. You take away NSAand you do not have anything.Exchange of ideas is qssential tounderstanding effectual govern¬ment. We should attempt to showthe rest of the nation that we docare about issues and that wehave specific opinions.“From what I understand, theChicago delegation is one of themore liberal aspects of NSA.(see Interviews, page 4) NThe candidates for natiolelegacStudent association are listeAw. Th<elected, will also serve as cites togress. Five national delegatld oneare being elected. vISLMoureen Byers Chorion***D.ano Cobb Nonc^TJack Eogon lowrenjdry£ DPue"] WiHiolttDon Richards Cr,rr,ilAlternate a u JKen Nordin AnnListed below are the candidates for the 50 Student Glnmentfiled for 10 seats and has 16 uncontested seats; SRP *ot filethas not filed for one seat, but is running a slate only iniCoilegining a slate only in the CollegeCollegiISL SRPMaureen Byers Judy BardockeBob Cogan Lee BloomBert Cohler Thea FeldmonPamela Cook Judy FriedmanJean Dames Morie-Louise FriedmanKay Donnelly Ruth GreenfieldPhil Epstein John HicksJudy Frost Brian HindleyBob Gerwin Pete JacobsonBill Hawkins Paula KatzWalter Jankowski Liz KleinGail Paradise Ruth NashDebby Mills Glenn RossKen Nordin Bill RouttLaRene Petersen Corole “Sam" SilverDon Richords Janetta WebbRon Shelton Lula WhiteJim ThomasonBetty WolfPhysical sciences — 4 seatsISL SRPEdward Davis Carl LinderholmJack Eagon Paul MonskyHillel GerschensonReuben SandlerSocial sciences - — 8 seat’sISL SRPMair Benkoil Joel GeierJames Chase Lawrence LondryAlbert N. PodellLaw school — 3 seatsISL SRPDiane Eogon Lois AdelmonGeorge KarcazesFranklin Loomos «Business — 2 seatsISL SRPStephen Klein no candidatesCurt Ormondiraduate library school — 1 seatISL SRPno candidate no candidate FedeUSNSA's struct urThe National Student association delegates will be electedthis Thursday and Friday. They will represent the Universityon two levels, as delegates to the National Congress thissummer and as delegates to the regional meetings in the next schoolyear.THE UNITED STATES National Student association (USNSA),to be official about the title, is an alliance to 373 college and umversity student governments.Founded only 10 years ago, USNSA has expanded rapidly, enroll¬ing at least 25 new member-schools each year since 1953.USNSA has undertaken many functions. Rising university enrollment, segregation in US education, student responsibility, and workwith students overseas all are subjects of USNSA concern.USNSA officers visit the member schools to answer queslionsabout student government and campus wide organizations. A vig¬orous campus program is urged by USNSA in every field and veryspecific suggestions are usually proffered.ALL THIS takes money, and NSA keep? a full-time staff of 37and operates on an annual budget, which exceeds $1,000,000. Yetthis costs the student very little, less than two cents a year to bespecific, as total dues paid by member schools account for only$20,000 annually. The. remainder of. the budget is raised by USNSAfrom philanthropic foundations, individual service organizations, andwithin the framework of Educational Travel, incorporated.A recent $25,000 grant will enable USNSA to probe for studentmethods to improve university education and interest in teaching.The basic membership unit of USNSA is the student body. Thestudent government is the principal channel through which theAssociation reaches this large group.Well over 90% of all accredited colleges have some type of selfgoverning body; a body which, by virtue of its composition andconstitution, is recognized by both the students and the administra¬tion as representative of-the student community’' as a whole.USNSA OFFICIALS express their campus position as “neither-superior to, nor independent of, the student government at an indi¬vidual school; rather USNSA on the campus is an integral partof that body. As long as the representative character of thesestudent governments are maintained, USNSA will continue to berepresentative.”Annually, student governnients affiliated with USNSA from every liCLOSELY Belegacy to the National^ The candidates, whentes to the regional con-d one national alternateIfmenmidrytt PSARobert BrownLorry HarrisLinda MorrisonLincoln RamirezAlternateMichael Wolfson PartiesStudent Government in con¬cept and in purpose is a bodywhich should know the inter¬ests of the students and which canadequately represent and furtherthose interests. Turning this con¬cept into a reality depends uponthe maintenance of communica¬tion; communication with the stu¬dents, graduate and undergrad¬uate, so that their interests arevnent seats with their party designations. ISL has not>t tiled for 25 seats and has 3 uncontested seats. PSACollege; IRP has not filed for 4 seats and is also run-I seatsPSA IRPKor! Bemesaerier Hayden BoydRobert Brown Joy BudinMichael Fox Judith ChristianLen Friedman Garry CraneRalph Garber Jim FranklinLarry Harris Mike GoldmanGene Kadish Gaylord HuntRobert Lavine Lester HuttonLarry Lindgren Elliot LillienDavid Margolies Steve McC readyLinda Morrison John MillsJoel Murray Will ProvineLincoln Ramirez David TannerJennie Riesman Sidney WeissmanWarren Ruby Rich YounkerMartin SchweitzerAbbie SheldonFrances TaftMichael WolfsonHumanities — 4 seatsISL SRPHarold Johnson no candidatesBiologicalISLF. Jcy PepperBill Rosenthol sciences — 2 seatsSRPVonnie WilsonMedicalISLDonald HagerMark HotterJanice Plzak school — 3 seatsSRPno condidotesSSA — 1 seatISL SRPJerry Schon no candidate;ederated Theological faculty — 3 seatsISL SRP .Richard Nash Ed RiddickKenneth NelmsThomas Skogis explained*ir duly elected delegates to the National student congress (NSC),t is this congress which establishes all policy and programs ofNSA.Each member school in USNSA may send one to seven votingegates to this meeting, the number being decided on the basisthe school’s population. And while emergency policies mayw been enacted by the national executive committee betweencting of the Congress, all these policies are subject to reviewthe Congress.Each member school belongs to one of the twenty regions intorich USNSA divides the country. These regions have their ownistitutions, officers, dues and programs of intercollegiate co-op-ttion. This ‘co-operation’ includes conferences, workshops, clinicstl newsletters.EVERY REGION elects one representative to the National Exec-tion of the country, from every~>size and type of college sendve Committee, usually the regional chairman. Larger regions,>se representing more than 40,000 students, are allowed a secondmber.I’his committee meets twice a year (December and August) todew the operations of the association and to hear reports from1 national staff.1'his national staff, to complete the tTSNSA organization, is madeof the six elected national officers and a number of appointedninistrative personnel.Die national officers are1 elected by the National Student con--ss for one year terms. They must be students at member schoolsfl accredited members of the Congress at the time of their election.4ve of these officers take a year’s leave of absence from theiridies to serve.fHE PRESIDENT is the official spokesmen for the Associationd is responsible for general operations. The Executive vice-presi-il shares the administrative responsibilities and co-ordinates the'grams which are carried out by the other four vice-presidents,fi of whom is responsible for an area of programming referred•is a “commission.”)11 the research, action and programming of the Association isided among these four commissions, each covering the specific‘as of student government, educational, international and studentairs. They carry our programs and policies established by thengress.BOUND 5 express their viewsknown, and communication withthe authorities of the Universityso that those interests may beadequately represented. Withoutthis communication, SG can notpossibly provide# a program ofsignificant worth to the campus.ISL fully intends to follow therecommendations of the Re-Eval¬uation committee and to makeeven further efforts toward ac¬complishing more complete com¬munication.The Nation and the World: ISLbelieves that no Student Govern¬ment, no matter how well it com¬municates with the students canaccurately, adequately, or effec¬tively represent them on nationaland international issues.Issues which concern them ascitizens: National and interna¬tional political or politically ori¬ented groups which can concen¬trate all their efforts on takingconcrete, constructive actions onsuch issues can represent theviews of any student who wishes to join them. There is no neces¬sarily separate student view onsuch issues, only the views of aconcerned, responsible citizen.Issues which concern them asstudents: The National Studentassociation with over 300 mem¬ber schools, is the only bodywhich can possibly exert directlyISLinfluence for the student and rep¬resent him on the national andinternational scene. ISL has al¬ways adequately represented thiscampus, and believed that NSAis the means to advance the in¬terests of the students on nationaland international matters affect¬ing them, and has always workedthrough the University of Chi¬cago’s NSA delegation to use thatmeans to represent this campus.The campus: ISL is fiuly awarethat no Student Government which is forced to divide its at¬tention and energy between In¬ternational-National affairs andcampus affairs can accomplishanything of real benefit to thestudent. The campus should befully aware of this fact from theprogram of this year’s Govern¬ment. ISL has always maintainedthat the realm of effective studentgovernment action can only bethe campus.Achievement: Proposing a pro¬gram of positive action to benefitthe campus is not enough. ISLhas never forgotten that onlyachievement of such a programcan fullfil the purpose of StudentGovernment and justify its con¬tinued existence. The means andthe ability to accomplish such aprogram must be fully consideredby the group presenting the pro¬gram. Believing sincerely that wehave done this, and with achieve¬ment as its goal, ISL presents itsplatform and its candidates to thecampus.SRP“As soon as any man says of the affairs of the State, ‘what does it matter to me?’ theState may be given up for lost.” — Rousseau, The Social Contract.We, in SRP, believe that the democratic way of life depends for its very existence uponthe free contest of ideas. Students, therefore, should have every opportunity to accustom them to thefree interchange of ideas.Student rights and academic freedom: SRP, in this area, believes that students have the right offreedom of association, of collective bargaining and of the student press. We do not feel that the admin¬istration has provided the necessary atmosphere in which these freedoms can flourish, witness theiraction in the Chicago Review case. The SRP government appointed a special committee to investigatethis case. We will continue to support the rights of the individual student in the university community.Due process is necessary in all actions relating to student discipline. SRP was instrumental in initi¬ating a proposal guaranteeing students the right to due process of law, which led to the referendumon the present ballot.We reaffirm the right of student free expression end petition on curriculum and school regulations.We propose the reinstitution of the Student-Faculty Advisory board to discuss curriculum questions.Student needs: SRP asks the student to voice his economic needs. We advocate the lowering of book¬store prices, clear statements on scholarships and loans, expansion of student employment services, afull explanation of the continued rise m tuition rates. We will work for improvement of the facilitiesof the Reynolds Club Book exchange.Civil rights and liberties: The student is a citizen as well as a student, therefore, SRP will undertaketo make his voice heard on civil rights and liberties.World affairs: For the cause of world justice: SRP raised $700 for the defendants in the South Afri¬can treason trials and helped initiate the campus drive for the South African Defense fund; SRP led thefight in NSA for recognition of the danger of continued nuclear testing and will arouse support for aprogram to end radioactive poisoning.National student association: SRP pledges itself to the ideal jf NSA as a meaningful voice in theAmerican community. In the national association, SRP, in past years, has worked for much neededreforms toward this end. The fact that NSA has recently officially endorsed the Youth March for In¬tegrated schools is an indication of the further development of the organization. In the regional, wehave inaugurated, with the other delegation, an anti-discrimination workshop now attended by majorcolleges in the Chicago firea.IRPRepresentation by residencerather than by school. Themain difficulty with StudentGovernment is that it is in noway connected with the students.Who is your representative?W'hat are his or her opinions? Noone knows. The cure for this isto have representation by resi¬dence, (B-J so many representa¬tives, New Dorm so many etc.)The system could be divided intodivisional and college in the sameway it is now. We believe that thiswould help restore interest in the government. The minutes of eachmeeting would be posted or readin every campus organization andgoings-on at the meeting could bepersonally explained by the dele¬gates to SG.Cut the 50 member assemblyat least in half. Interest is, atpresent, not adequate to sustainsuch a large group. The smallernumber would also encourage ahigher level of enthusiasm amongReapportionmeni by voting.Right now the divisions have 3/5of the representatives while cast¬ ing 2/5 of the votes. So far asthis is concerned, SG should betreated as a club and the peoplemost concerned with its functionsshould be given the greatest voiceStudent Government should, atleast for the time being, concernitself with campus problems only.Despite SRP’s efforts, Mao re¬mains in Tibet and the Russianshave not quit Hungary. So longas government can only raise en¬thusiasm enough to get one outof four students to vote, we feelwe have sufficient problems todeal with in our own back yard.PSAEarly in the winter quarter a group of students questioned the responsibility, good faith,and meaningfulness of the Studertf government; a body that has accomplished no more thanone flight to Europe, largely the efforts of a single interested student; a Russian exchangeprogram; a Frankfort exchange program (short of funds and now no longer in student hands); a pro¬tracted investigation of an administrative action; and endless debates, accusations, recriminations, andpetty political maneuverings. We feel that more might be expected for and from the students of a greatuniversity.We of PSA are pledged to support and implement a nine-point program including:1.) It is the duty of SG to establish and maintain effective communication with the administration.To accomplish this, two things are needed: the good will, co-operation and definite efforts of the mem-bers of SG and, secondly, specific mechanical reforms. We are pledged to provide the good-will, co-op¬eration and effort so sadly lacking.2.) We pledge ourselves to the creation of an association of commuting students to provide certainbenefits along with certain services peculiar to the commuting student. This might include the forma¬tion of a clearing house to facilitate the finding of rides to and from school, to the creation of a car-pool.3.) We are pledged to the creation of and service upon a small committee of interested students,to prepare a carefully worked report to be submitted to and discussed with the administration on thecreation of a co-operative book store.4.) While we feel that it is a function of SG to act as the spokesman for the sludent body on morethan strictly campus issues, we feel it necessary 1o first determine what student opinion is before wespeak for the student body. Therefore, we will carefully poll the student body on such questions asloyalty oath government loans.5.) We wish to establish a social-athletic-cultural co-ordination committee within SG. This committeewould meet with CORSO, representatives of the cultural, athletic and social organizations, and repre¬sentatives from the dormitories and the commuter’s association. This committee would co-ordinatecampus events and serve as a mediation board in disputes between student organizations.April 14, 1959 • CHICAGO MAROON • 3SC history, structure explained(from page 1)NPSL died in the spring (NSA)election of 1951 and was not re¬placed that fall. Instead ISL foundopposition on the right side of thepolitical spectrum. Calling itselfthe Independent coalition (IC), aright-wing faction of ISL (whowere probably still left of centeron a national basis) had split off.In the election ISL, reenforcedperhaps on its left, won 31 seats.IC won 21 with four going to an¬other splinter group, Union ofCollege Independents, and threegoing to independents.SRP formedLiving up to its principle of theyear before, ISL took all the ex¬ecutive council seats. The Frank¬furt exchange was the notable ac-complishmhent of that year.Inevitable defeat caught upwith ISL in 1952. Running on theslogan “A free university in afree society,” the newly reformedtraditional opposition under thenew name of the Student Repre¬sentative party (SRP) took con¬trol of the Government. Their ma¬jority was slim, however, as theyhad 25 seats to 21 for ISL andthree to IC.Two-party elections returnedand ISL recaptured SG in 1953,winning 29 seats to SRP’s 14. Themajor issue of the year concernedthe Michigan plan. One year ex¬tension had been voted when theoriginal deadline had arrived inOctober, 1952. The year was upand Phi Delta Theta fraternityStill had a discriminatory clausein its national constitution. TheISL Assembly, in a stormy ses¬sion, voted another year exten¬sion so that Phi Delta Theta couldhave a chance to get the consti¬tution amended in its summer na¬tional convention. (The moveproved successful as the conven¬tion voted against discrimina¬tion.)ISL back on topISL won its most decisive vic¬tory in 1954. It took 42 seats toSRP’s three. No explosive issuesdeveloped and ISL spent most ofthe year keeping up the programof student services. The followingSpring, ISL won 16 out of 20 NSAseats. At the Congress Clive Greywas elected International AffairsV-P.The election of 1955 ended inan upset victory of 26-24 for SRP.This surprising victory (to every¬one, especially the victors) startedoff an inconclusive year for SGwhich was climaxed by the anti-Interviews(from page 2)In what way do you thinkthe most recent re-evalua¬tion has been an effectivecriticism of government?John Hicks (SRPCollege) “Iam a member of the committeefor re-evaluation. I think that wecould have gone further: unfor¬tunately, we have been limited bytime. The recommendations whichwe have submitted, if they are fol¬lowed, will do a great real to re¬establish student interest in gov¬ernment. I hope to see the re-evaluation committee continued:a bill suggesting continuation willh* introduced.‘‘The committee did work hard.Both parties, as well as PSA. wererepresented: the committeevoiced, therefore, all of the cam¬pus political opinions.‘‘Next year, I would hope formore publicity for Student Gov-ttnment, We want to work SG petition. Politicking played aprominent part in the doings ofthe 1955 Government. The majorsquabble of the year occurredover the legality of a special meet¬ing of the Government. After allthe furor died down, the only re¬sult was a change in the Presi¬dency. The P r es i d e n t resignedafter the Assembly voted to recon¬sider the legislation of the dis¬puted meeting. That year sawfour Presidents in the SG chair.ISL sweepRecapturing public appeal, ISLwon 19 out of the 20 NSA seats.This was a most important elec¬tion since the National StudentCongress was held on the UC cam¬pus. ISL’s Bruce Larkin succeededClive Grey as International Af¬fairs V-P, thus keeping UC as na¬tional leaders.In the 1956-57 elections, ISLswept the College slate, taking all19 seats, thereby becoming themajority party of Government.They also took 18 seats in the di¬visions for a total of 37 seats to 13SRP and three to Independents.The three Independents (BAH),the first in SG since 1952, won anoverwhelming victory in the Lawschool. They took all three seatsin Law with a total of 290 votesto a total of 197 for their six op-panents.Splinter groupsSlapping back in the Spring of1957 SRP won all 20 seats in theNSA election to score the secondclean sweep of an election in thehistory of UC student politics.The first sweep was made in 1951by ISL. 38 per cent of the studentbody cast ballots in this election.While BAH had little or no in¬fluence in SG and its membersstopped coming to meetings, awalkout by a sizeable group inISL a week before the NSA elec¬tion threw its membership intopandemonium.The bone of contention was thatsome of the ISL members felt thatthey were carrying the party inelections while the “hacks” actu¬ally ran the party and govern¬ment They formed a new party(IA) Independent association andentered it in the NSA elections. Agroup called VICE which prom¬ised “if elected we will not serve”drew’ 17 per cent of the votes inthis election.Following the NSA election, theevicted ISL hacks formed a partycalled the Ugly Ten (UT) andruled Student Government in acoalition with SRP. The end ofgo on...through the Maroon for publicity.One of our goals would be toawaken interest in SG by re-estab¬lishing associate membership inthe Government-“In this way people who are notSG members would be able towork on committees: we wouldlike to see these associates becomea vital part of the Government.”Phil Epstein (ISL-College.NSA) “The very formation ofthis committee, backed by ISLto the hilt, suggested there wasdiscontent with the government,primarily in its lack of campussupport. This lack of supportmight indicate structural defectsor that the government has littlepower. The report was done withthe idea of discovering the actualproblem. ISL will follow this re¬port with legislation if it wins thecampus majority. A solution liesin increased graduate interest orreapportionment will be neces¬sary.”Supplement editor Rochelle DubnowEditorial staff for this issue Neal Johnston,C. Anestakis, Rosemary Galli, Riki Moss the school year mercifully inter¬vened soon after these events, butnot before SG had passed a bill“indicting” the dean of studentsRobert M. Strozier for threaten¬ing to veto a pay raise for servicecenter employees. The dean polite¬ly ignored the “indictment.”SRP in controlIn the 1957-58 academic year,SRP defeated ISL 30-16-2 in thefall elections. The only independ¬ents won overwhelmingly oncemore. VICE ran 110 votes behindthe last ISL opopnent. The divi¬sions split evenly with both par¬ties taking 14 seats.In the first joint Spring SG-NSA elections SRP continued its winning streak with a 27-22, 64victory. It was the first time inSRP’s six year history that theyhad won the SG and NSA elec¬tions for two consecutive years.In SG SRP won 27-22, they tooksix seats in the College and 21seats in the divisions. ISL wontwelve College seats and ten inthe divisions.There were a total of 121 write-in votes in the College, includingJohn P. Netherton, dean of stu¬dents; forecasting his rise topower, UC students gave a largemajority of the write-in votes toFidel Castro.This school year saw the forma¬tion of a third party, the Party for Student Action (PSA). Mainlycomposed of first year studentswith “behind the scenes" assist,ance the group states that theyare “an effort to present a respon-sible and concrete program ofthoughtful action, an effort found¬ed upon the idea that a studentgovernment can accurately represent the will of the student bodyand serve the academic and socialcommunities.”Only in the springBurton-Judson courts as usualhas produced one of its perennialelection time pests, the ImperialRevolutionary party (oh, overtones of VICE) and is running aslate in the College.Committee chairman givesSC its re-evaluation studyby Jim ThomasonFor most of the twelve-yearhistory of Student Govern¬ment there have been two all¬campus elections: one for the As¬sembly in the Autumn quarterand one for the NSA delegationin the Spring quarter. Autumnquarter, 1958, the campus passeda referendum consolidating bothelections to the third week of theSpring quarter. This year’s As¬sembly was the first to begin itsterm in a Spring quarter beforethe academic year. Although thissystem has advantages such as:less campaigning and campaignexpense, better informed firstyear students, and perhaps bettercontinuity from one Assembly tothe next, it also has its disadvan¬tages.Problems arising from thesedisadvantages and from some ofthe more traditional difficultiesof SG caused this year’s Assem¬bly to establish the Re-Evaluationcommittee. The Committee’s eval¬uation or “re-evaluation” was con¬cerned with two principal areas:the way in which SG has operatedsince its founding and recom¬mendations for improving futureoperations.Operation: The preamble of theConstitution of Government: Inorder to further' the interests andprovide for the welfare of the stu¬dents at the University of Chica¬go; in order to call attention toand cooperate with the Universityauthorities in handling such prob¬lems as may affect a large num¬ber of students; in order to fostera university community; in orderto represent the student bodymore effectively; we, the studentsof the University of Chicago, here¬by establish Student Governmentunder the following Constitu¬tion. . . .” With this as an expres¬sion of the purpose of SG, theCommittee examined how well SGhas lived up to that purpose.The interests of the students,collective or individual, are hardto define, but the Committee com¬piled the following list of someof the areas of most pressingstudent need: Library facilitiesand study rooms; employment,loans and scholarships; parkingand traffic regulations; StudentHealth • insurance service; book¬store—discounts, inventory, serv¬ice; travel- discounts, charteredvehicles for groups; studenthousing — dormitory problems,married student housing, neigh¬borhood; safety; student activities—ciubrooms, offices, meeting fa¬cilities; discounts from neighbor¬hood merchants; student-facultyrelations and curriculum con¬cerns. The Committee does not in¬tend, by presenting this particularlist to suggest thal SG should becompletely “tame” and not be¬come involved in questions of po¬litical or moral significance. How¬ever, the SG which fails to ad¬vance the interests of the studentson the listed area will not be sup¬ported by the campus. SG in thepast has accomplished somethingfor the campus in these areas, butsome Assemblies have made the mistake of not continuing pro¬grams set up by previous Assem¬blies and/or not establishing newprograms of their own.Structure: SG was establishedfor all students, graduate and un¬dergraduate. Since graduate en¬rollment is larger, graduate repre¬sentation is proportionally great¬er. The Committee believes thatthe problems of the campus aresuch that only a body represent¬ing both graduate and undergrad¬uate students can accomplish any¬thing of significance. It is unfor¬tunate that graduate interest and over WUCB(d) re-establishment of the dopartment of public relationsfor further publication otSG’s activity.Communications — Administertion and faculty representing stu¬dent interests and fostering a University community requires morechannels of communication.(a) Regularly scheduled mootings of the Executive council ofSG with the Dean of Students office.(b) Re-establishment of t li oStudent-Faculty Relations boardJim Thomason, chairman of the re-evaluation committeereads his report at the last meeting of the Student Govern¬ment while Gary Stoll reflects the attitude of the assemblyby dozing blissfully. (photo by Figlio ’participation in the governmenthas always been lower than thefounders of SG anticipated. How¬ever, the Committee has recom¬mended no reorganization of SGstructure and representation, forthe Committee believes that theproblems of the campus are suchthat only a body representing bothgraduate and undergraduate stu¬dents can accomplish anything ofsignificance.Recommendations: Unless con¬tact with the students is main¬tained, the Government cannot besure of their support.Their interests are:(a) SG bi-monthly newsletter(b) regular listings and publica¬tion of SG assembly(c) monthly report and commit¬tee meetings by the President composed of an equal number ofstudents and faculty members.Manpower: Even if all the 50members of the Assembly wereto take as much responsibility andexpend as much effort as tinPresident does now, SG couldstill expand its activities to thebenefit of the students. The Com¬mittee therefore proposes that Associate membership in the Assem¬bly be encouraged by such devicesas:(a) Associate members b e i n (:the only students qualified to fillvacancies occurring in the Assembly between elections.(b) Associate members havefull speaking rights in AssembKmeetings when any committee otwhich they are a member is de¬livering its report.4 • CHICAGO MAROON • April 14, 1959. v'-;mmam