��������"�tl.t� ��]���3VOLUME 85, NUMBER 5 JUNE 199387202732FEATURESFirst come platonic relationshipsThen come other kinds of friendships. A studentcatalogs seven varieties of undergraduate couples.JEAN TWENGEReflections on a presidencyShaped by a life spent on campus quadrangles, HannaHolborn Gray has spent the past 15 years helping toshape the University of Chicago.PETER OSTERLUNDScholars in a strange landFour foreign graduate students talk about the livesthey've fashioned in Chicago. Page 17DEBRA LADESTROThe secret life of languagesStudying the origins of an African-American languagecalled Gullah, Uof C linguist Salikoko Mufwene worksto understand how languages grow.TIM OBERMILLERCover: Hanna Holborn Gray steps down as the University's tenthpresident this June; she'll return to teaching (see page 20).Portrait by Burt Silverman. Opposite: Muntu Dance Theaterperformed as part of International House's Festival of Page 27Nations in May. Photograph by Robert C.V. Lieberman.* Ex OfficioMagazine �dvisory Gomll1ift.�: .. Mic,A�eLJ.Klingensmith, AB75, MBA'76, chair.; Richard12. Bechtolt, PhB'46, AM'50; MarY,' LouGarno, MBA'l6; William H. Hammett,AM'?1 ; Neil Harris, the Preston a['ld St(3tlingMorton professor in history; Susan CarlsonHull, AB'82; Michael C. �fayss., I-\B'75,MBA'76; Robert F. l2evey, AB'66; KatherineDusak Miller,. AB'.6.? MBA'68, PhD'71;Marva Watkins, A8'63.,The University of Chicago Magazine (ISSN-0041-9508) is published birnpnthly(Octpber,December, February, April, June, andAugust) by tHe University of Chicago i�cooperation with the Alumni Association.�ublished continuously since.1 �97 .. Second­class postage paid at Chicago and addi­tional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: v s�ndaddress changes to the Univ.ersity ofChicago Magazine, Alumni Records, Robie .House, 5757 S. Woodlawn Avenue,Chicago, IL 60637, © 199� University pfChicago.Typesetting by Skripps and Associates, Chicago. Editors Noteslam happy to announce that, in theannual competition sponsored by theCouncil for the Advancement and Sup­port of Education (CASE), the University ofChicago Magazine received a bronze awardfor excellence in staff writing.In addition, a story in our October/93issue, "From the Inside Out," was chosenfor a bronze award in the "Best Articles ofthe Year" category. John Easton, AM'?7,wrote the winning story, a profile of psy­chology professor Martha McClintock andher studies of the interplay between socialactivity and basic biology.And the December/92 issue-with itsphoto-essay chronicling the first day of theUniversity's second century-was honoredin the special-issues category with a silveraward.-rhrough a Bil.lerent LensThe photograph on this page is a self-por­trait of Eugene Zakusilo, a 30-year-old free­lance photographer who has lived inChicago since 1989. Trained as a physician,in 1987 he joined a photography group inhis native Leningrad.When he brought his portfolio to ouroffices this winter (he'd seen the Magazinewhen visiting campus with his wife, Elena Pavlova, who'll begin graduate studies atthe University this fall), my eye was caughtby a photograph that Eugene had taken ofan old man who had once been a Russiansoldier. Against a backdrop of laundrydrying on a Chicago porch, the soldierstood in shirtsleeves, his ornate militarydecorations pinned across his chest. In thatphotograph, two worlds seemed to meet.And so, an hour or so after Eugene hadleft, I was leaving a message on his answer'ing machine: I've thought of an assignment,please call if you're interested. He called thenext day, liked the idea, and set to workThe assignment was to find and photographa quartet of graduate students whose expe�rience of the University-like Eugene's ownexperience of Chicago-has been informedby the fact that they'd come here from a dif�ferent country, speaking a different lan�guage. To see how Eugene saw them, turnto page 27.-M.R.Y.A footnote to our April issue: "A League ofTheir Own," our story on the College'S var�sity sports programs, should have notedthat Starkey Duncan, PhD'65, is faculty rep­resentative to both the National CollegiateAthletic Association and the University Ath�letic Association-Duncan currently chairsthe UAA's delegates committee.2 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993LettersKoran questionAs always, I enjoyed the February/93issue of the University of ChicagoMagaZine. I particularly appreciatedyour profile of Hugo Sonnenschein; I hopethat he will maintain the integrity of theCommon Core.I have one quick question. On the insideback cover, you identify the work as "thisancient Persian manuscript." Is there anyreason why you couldn't have identified itas the Quran, which it is?STEVEN THOMAS ABDULKADER, AB'79RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIAThe illuminated page-from a 14th-centuryselection of suras, rather than a complete copyof the Koran-is probably from Baghdad.-Ed.Postal updatePerhaps there are others like myselfwho did not know the [Cobb Hall]postcard for the centennial year wasObtainable in small or large quantities fromthe U.S. Postal Service. I only asked forpostcards, and was pleasantly surprisedWhen I was handed ones featuring CobbBall.BJ.11uRDOCK,A11'53FORT DODGE, IOWAThe postcards went on sale on January 23,1992, as announced in the Magazine's Decem­ber/91 issue. The first day of issue was cele­brated in a Swift Hall ceremony.-Ed.Increasing giftsThere are many reasons to commendthe University for its recent decisionto extend spousal benefits to same­Sex couples. (It is equitable, morally right,and about time!) But I suppose that 11r.Merrifield and 11s. Kennan ["Letters,"A.pril/93] won't spend much time listeningto those reasons. There's only so much youcan expect from the terminally homophobicand morally benighted.So instead of arguing morality, I simplyWant to let my fellow alumni know that Iintend to increase my gift to the Universitythis year, because in my book extendingsPousal benefits to same-sex partners repre­Sents outstanding fiscal stewardship. Iknow that if you want to attract and retainthe best minds in academia (including fac- ulty, staff, and administrators) it makes per­fect sense to offer them the best accommo­dations you can reasonably afford. If youdon't, they will go elsewhere.There are simply far too many talentedindividuals who are homosexual for anyinstitution that calls itself "world-class" toignore their needs as employees andhuman beings. The administration deservesto be rewarded for putting my donations totheir best use. I only hope that I can offsetthe unfortunate loss of 11r. Merrifield'ssupport.DOUGLAS T. SHAPIRO, AB'85ANN ARBOR, 11ICHIGANPetty cashI am very disappointed at the letters fromalumni protesting the University'sextension of benefits to same-sex part­ners' a policy that may be pioneering yet isnevertheless long overdue. At least onealumnus is so outraged by the new policy asto threaten to terminate his financial sup­port of the University. Such a reaction,though it graphically illustrated the depthof his homophobia, strikes me as petty inthe extreme. In response to his threat andin appreciation of the University's newpolicy, however, I intend to increase mysupport. I hope that other alumni commit­ted to fairness will do the same.Rather than being excoriated by small­minded alumni, the University should becommended for its principled decision.CLAUDE]' SUMMERS, A11'67, PHD'70DEARBORN, 11ICHIGANA fundamental errorThe article previewing the study offundamentalism ["Is Fundamental­ism Fundamentally Changing Soci­ety? ," April/93] disturbs me. I would expectmore objectivity from a publication appeal­ing to an exceptionally literate audience.With a broad brush, Debra Ladestro usesthe term "fundamentalism" to relate JerryFalwell and evangelical Protestants in SouthAmerica with the tyranny of the AyatollahKhorneini, the criminality of the WorldTrade Center bombers, and the fanaticismof Hindus destroying mosques.Why not call a tyrant a tyrant, a criminal acriminal, and a fanatic a fanatic? To do sowould deny the use of the word "funda- mentalism" as a nebulous and derisive termfor indicting groups with whom one mightnot agree. It is convenient to label peoplelike Falwell and the evangelicals with a fun­darnentalist appellation, which has, thanksto the press, a sinister connotation. This isakin to the use of the term "Communist" tosmear innocent people during theMct.arthy era.Admittedly, the term is used with poordefinition. Fundamentalism is fuzzilydefined by traits. The first characteristic isliteral acceptance of biblical text or religiousdoctrine. Are Catholics who accept the doc­trine of transubstantiation then fundamen­talists? Are Jews who comply with dressand dietary codes fundamentalists? AreChristians of any denomination who acceptthat Christ was God born of a virgin funda­mentalists? If so, it seems the term is highlyinclusive and might describe a majority ofthe world's religions.The second trait cited is that fundamental­ists are reactive, that they fight back againstmodem, secular society. Is that all bad? Cananyone claim that modem, secular societyhas superior answers to human problems?What's wrong with defending the valuesthat have served well? Don't the principlesupon which our society was built guaranteethe right to political and moral reaction?The article further states that the onecharacteristic that all fundamentalists havein common is a hierarchical and patriarchalstructure. Ladestro then paints the LatinAmerican evangelicals as fundamentalistsand suggests that their success largelyemanates from their working as husband­and-wife teams, or partners, stressing familyresponsibility and a work ethic. Is this patri­archy? It seems like the idealized NorthAmerican model.Unfortunately, there are hypocrites, fanat­ics, tyrants, crooks, and other undesirableslurking in all strata of society and in all reli­gions. Where they exist we should identifythem clearly by type and condemn theiractivities. But to carelessly use a blanket,poorly identified indictment called "funda­mentalism" is uri-American and not reli­gious. I trust the Fundamentalism Projectwill deliver more clarity and objectivitythan your article.AUBREY LINN WILSON, 11BA'50AUSTIN, TEXASR. Scott Appleby, AM'79, PhD'85, associatedirector of the Fundamentalism Project,responds: No single article, even one as well­researched as 11s. Ladestro's, could possiblyconvey the complexities, nuances, andinternal debates and disagreements of aninterdisciplinary, cross-cultural projectinvolving 200 scholars and extendingUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEZ}UNE 1993 3across the span of six years, ten scholarlyconferences, and six published volumes ofessays. Those of us working on the Funda­mentalism Project appreciated the article asa thoughtful introduction that suggestedthe difficulties inherent in directing such astudy.Both Ms. Ladestro and Mr. Wilson sharethe participating scholars' desire to avoidlumping together in one "sinister" categorypeople as diverse as Buddhist activists in SriLanka, evangelicals in Latin America, andthe conservative Protestant supporters ofthe Rev. Jerry Falwell. In the U of C PressFundamentalism Project series, then, read­ers will find essays written by area special­ists which vividly describe the particularcharacteristics and incomparable aspects ofeach group or movement. before analyzingthe ways in which it does and does notexhibit "family resemblances" to the com­parative construct called "fundamentalism"(the scholars of Latin American evangelical­ism and Buddhist activism tend not to usethe word as a specific descriptor).Fundamentalism as a comparative con­struct is based not on the Protestant Christ­ian model but on a distillation of recurringcharacteristics in the dozens of very innova­tive and modern religiopolitical movementsaround the world that are making claims torepresent the authentic tradition of theircoreligionists (whether that tradition beIslam, Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism,etc.). "Fundamentalism" describes the cen­tral process involved in constructing a late-20th-century mode of militant politicalreligion.The new religious militants, as graduatesof secular academies (across the board,engineering and medicine seem to attractthe most adherents), are quite at homewith modern technologies, politicalprocesses, and the latest strategies of mass­marketing and mobilization. They resentor disdain secular elites who have mani­festly failed either to share the wealth orpreserve "traditional" markers of home,family, and 'communal identity-be theseprayer in the school, an exclusivelydomestic role for women, or literal beliefin things unseen.Thus the fundamentalists reach back toretrieve elements of the sacred traditionwhich they claim to be absolutely funda­mental or essential to the faith. These newfundamentals, disembedded from theiroriginal, once-coherent historical context,now become melded with modern bureau­cratic, political, or military sensibilities; thereligious fundamentals are interpreted or"constructed" in the way most useful to theideological and organizational goals of themovement.4 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 A new type of religious activist emerges­the Sorbonne-trained scholar who dons thegalabiya and falls to his knees beside fellowworshippers in the mosque, even as hedevelops economic and political strategiesfor the Islamic awakening; the Christianpolitician who, in the defense of traditionalfamily values, adopts the most manipulativetechniques of Madison Avenue.Precisely because "authentic religion" ishis base of authority and legitimacy, how­ever, the new-style activist is vulnerable tocriticism from other true believers who see"fundamentalism" as a spurious and scan­dalous misrepresentation of their historicfaith tradition. While scholarly opponentsof fundamentalism would likely agree withMr. Wilson's argument that "fighting back"against the hegemonic tendencies ofmodern secular society is not only accept­able but also laudable, they would hasten toadd that militance, exclusiveness, abso­lutism, and dogmatism stifle the true spiritof religion which fundamentalism purportsto defend.Value-added teachingChristopher Looby's explanation ofwhat he intends to teach in English253 [Required Reading," April/93]is interesting. It also has little to' do withEnglish.The content of the course is political cor­rectness: that blacks are the same as whites,all cultures have admirable values, etc. Apolitical, not an academic, content.Leave it to the University of Chicago tomake political correctness sound interest­ing-good work there. But still a very badidea. Of what possible academic value is acourse of this kind, except in an academiasteeped in changing minds rather than nur­turing the ability to think?Teach ideas, history, and use of lan­guage-not values.LEON]. ROSENBERG, AB'56, SB'57NORTH LAKE TAHOE, NEVADAA farewell to ar,msIn the scholarly emphasis at the Univer­sity of Chicago on objective researchand statistical reports, Professor WilliamMcNeill, AB'38, AM'39, cautiously statesthe possibility that the production ofnuclear weapons might be eliminated["Other Voices," February/93]. This emo­tional idealism on behalf of "human hopesand fears" is timely. I propose carrying theaspiration even further.Why not include all lesser armamentmanufacture in the ban? George BernardShaw exposed this profitable trade in Arms and the Man nearly a century ago. Yet itthrives to promote and supply constant cul­tural or religious or clan (warlords) orinternational confrontations. Current neWSis full of these mini-wars. As long as themunition industries operate, the UnitedNations will exist as a planetary fire depart­ment, a worldwide "911" rushing "peace­keeping" forces over the globe to restrainethnic cleansing or other lethal, anti-humanobjectives.Professor McNeill presents the produc­tion of nuclear weapons as the supposedinsoluble problem of the 21st century, butare not the instruments of mass killing ourprincipal human problem now? (In theUnited States today, the main argument forthe war factories is that they provideemployment.) Can't we face, in addition tothe growing danger of the terminalweapon, the devastation of recurrent pre­sent -day wars?ERNEST L. SNODGRASS, PHD'31LAKElAND, FLORIDACorrupting the well-intentionedIt was with some curiosity that I read"Same Battle, Changing Fronts" [Febru­ary/93]. My feelings about Paul Volber­ding, AB'71, like those of many otherpeople with HIV and AIDS, are mixed. Hisapparent willingness to put his career aheadof the lives of so many people with AIDS ashe panders to the wishes of the powerfuldrug companies challenges my initial posi­tive reaction to him. While he may be awell-intentioned individual, the system inwhich he works has done much to corrupthis values.Additionally, it was not teenagers whOtook over the Marriott Hotel in 1990. It waspeople with HIV/AIDS who would spendthe better part of a week getting brutalizedby San Francisco police trying to gaillaccess to information that could prolongtheir lives. The fact that Volberding choseto identify teenagers as the leaders of thegroup reveals how severe the communica­tion problem was. Perhaps if he had takenthe time to become aware of the groups ofHIV -positive people attempting to gainaccess to the conference, many of us wouldhave been spared the broken bones andbruises we suffered.MICHAEL D. THURNHERRCHICAGOCivil rights suspensionThe article on Dr. Paul Volberdingreminds me again of how the politiCSof AIDS threw a monkey wrenchinto effective and coordinated efforts to haltthe spread of AIDS in the initial years of itsdiscovery-and even threatened meaning­ful clinical research. Unfortunately, AIDSWas addressed as a civil rights issue withundue emphasis placed on the privacyrights of the infected. This approachignored the real issue: AIDS is an incurableinfectious disease spread by infected indi­viduals via certain behaviors and all effortsshould be directed toward protecting theuninfected.From the beginning of the AIDS epidemic,AIDS activists and the gay communityresisted tried-and-proven methods of publichealth designed to curb the spread of infec­tious disease. Mandatory testing of certainhigh-risk populations, mandatory reportingof infected individuals, contact tracing, andeven the closing of gay baths were resistedby AIDS activists, more concerned abouttheir own fears of discrimination than pro­tecting the lives of others.As a result of trying to appease AIDSactivists, ten years later we still have anincurable infectious illness that is spreadingamong the most irresponsible members ofOUr society-IV drug abusers. Thus AIDSPoses a continuous menace to the inner cityand the poor, who often have the leastaccess to health care in our society.The hypocrisy of AIDS activism remainsapparent today. Here we have an incurableillness and a finite amount of health caredollars and hospital beds, and these activistsare advocating that more HIV-positive indi­Viduals be allowed into the country tospread more disease and deplete morefunds.Perhaps the idiocy of AIDS activism isbest illustrated by the description of 150demonstrators staging a sit-in at the confer­ence lobby, "setting off smoke bombs andengaging in mock sex acts." Volberdingrewards their actions by giving them freepasses and excuses their behavior because"they were just trying to get involved in aniSsue they care about." Excuse me, butWhen does disrupting a conference dealingWith an issue you care about show any con­structive involvement? How does engagingin mock sex acts benefit medicine or publichealth?On page 34 of the Volberding story, anAIDS activist carries a sign proclaiming"Discrimination Kills." In reality, it is cer­tain behaviors that kill: sexual promiscuityand IV drug abuse. If discrimination hadbeen used in the 1980s to selectively testCertain individuals engaging in high-riskbehaviors and aggressively pursue the noti­fication of their contacts, perhaps fewerlives would have been lost.GARY]. GAGLIARDI, AB'81INDIANAPOLIS THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO ALUMNIASSOCIA TIONInvites you to join distinguished facultyand alumni friends participating in alumnitravel/study programs during the coming monthsVOYAGE TOWEST AFRICANovember 14-27Morocco and the CanaryIslands, Mauritania,Gambia, and Senegal will be ourexotic ports-of-call on thisremarkable fall cruise, whichfocuses on the culture, politics,and natural wonders of WestAfrica. Experience diverse ecosys­tems as we trek into the Sahara fora visit to a nomadic Berber camp,or travel by dugout pirogue up theGambia River's rich creek system.Our faculty leader will be JeanneAltmann, a noted expert on behav­ioral ecology, who has spent nearlythree decades studying the wildlifeof Africa. c<::::::,l from $4,295 SACRED CITIES OFSOUTHEAST ASIAFebruary 25-March 16Angkor, Borobudur, and thetemples of Bali. Thesethree fabled sites rival the mostmagnificent cathedrals of Europe,yet are virtually unknown toWestemers. They are the touch­stones of this voyage throughSoutheast Asia, including calls atbustling Ho Chi Minh City, for­merly Saigon, and glitteringSingapore. Our faculty leader forthis voyage will be Professor FrankReynolds, former chair of theUniversity's Committee on SouthEast Asian Studies and Professorof Buddhist Studies in the DivinitySchool. c<::::::,l from $6,295For further information on these programs, please contactthe Alumni Office at 312-702-2150.r -------------------------------------------------------- ,REGISTRATIONPlease make check payable to Travel Dynamics, Inc. and mail to:The University of Chicago Alumni Association, Attn: Alumni Travel,Robie House, 5757 Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637Enclosed is my checkfor $ ($250 per person) as a deposit to hold____ place(s) on_Name(s)AddressCity/State/Zip CodeTelephone (Home) (Business)UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 5Cautious predictersWith regard t.o Sheila Fitzpatrick'sessay in the April/93 issue,"Things Happen," I can't recallvery many predictions made by 'sciencepundits' in Newsweek and I confess that Idon't watch "Nightline." However, in myexperience, "earthquake specialists" (geolo­gists and geophysicists) are a very cautiousgroup-the sort who predict a 30 percentprobability of a major earthquake some­where in the eastern U.S., sometime in thenext 30 years. Which raises an interestingpoint: inevitable on geologic time scales,earthquakes are difficult to predict only onhuman time scales.ANNE RAYMOND, PHD'83CHICAGORemembering George Playe ...The same issue that covered the firstday of the University's second cen­tury ["One Hundred Years and aDay," December/92l also sadly informedme of the death of Professor George Playe.The irony for me was that Mr. Playe is mystrongest memory of my first day of class inthe University's eighty-fourth year. Heassured us that any paper with a mis­spelling of the word "separate" would fail. Ihaven't misspelled it since.George Playe and I did regular intellectualbattle throughout my undergraduate years.And enjoyed it. Mr. Playe didn't like passivestudents. He regularly pointed out that,--despite our continual arguments, I got verygood grades-his description of solid Bs. Inthe course of that first year he taught me towrite. I entered as a science major with run­on sentences and incoherent paragraphswho hated writing. At the end I was a sci­ence major with shorter sentences andcoherent paragraphs who still hated writ­ing. But he reminded me that, even as a sci­entist, I would continually need to write soI had better do it well.He taught us that "anyone who claims tounderstand 'Kant, be he freshman or rouprofessor, is full of it." (He preferredVoltaire.) That bit of advice helped meenjoy the past Massachusetts gubernatorialelection, when John Silber (president ofBoston University and a Kant scholar) wasdefeated.Mr. Playe also taught us old-style Univer­sity of Chicago etiquette. Class was a publicand professional interaction in the commu­nity of scholars and aspiring scholars. Nofirst names and no pompous titles wereallowed. Only the titles Mr., Miss, Mrs.,and, grudgingly, Ms. were allowed. Depart­ment secretaries were treated with the samerespect. Even when we eventually ended up6 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 on a first-name basis, we would switch backto formal usage if a third person walked up.Because of him, I get annoyed with physi­cians who introduce themselves with "Hi,Mark. I'm Dr. X." And I can't get myself toaddress a secretary by first name whenthey've addressed me by title.George Playe retired to a place very unlikethe U of C, except for the cold. He told methat he had become frustrated with thelarge numbers of students who cared farmore about the grades on the papers thanthe comments on the papers, so he left.That was the 1980s in many academic insti­tutions. His small house in rural NewHampshire bordered a state park. The near­est one-store town was several miles away.He claimed to enjoy being reclusive andcrotchety. Like his old office, almost everysurface in his house was covered withbooks and papers that he was always eagerto discuss. When last we spoke, in thesummer, he was preparing to leave on acruise with his family.Over the next few months, I'll read andreread some Voltaire. Perhaps I'll try strug­gling through a short piece in the originalFrench. It's the only real tribute I can offerhim.MARK DAVID HANDEL, AB'79CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS... and Wally MarksWhile I was deeply saddened toread in the ApriV93 issue of thedeath of Walter E. Marks,PhB'27, I was somewhat surprised thatthere was no notice taken of his contribu­tion to our University'S glamorous athleticglory years.Wally quarterbacked the football team thatwon the Big Ten championship in 1924with the enviable record of six conferencegames without a defeat. What made the titlenoteworthy was the four ties--including the. historic 21-21 game with Red Grange'sIllini.You might want to consider recruitingambitious Maroon staffers to check thearchives on receipt of death notices. Ghoul­ish? No. Smart? Yes.WILLIAM]. JOST, X'28PASADENA, CALIFORNIAStudent in exileIhave been following the fallout in your"Letters" pages from the article by Pro­fessor Gerald Graff, AB'59 ["OffCourse," October/92l. Graff addresses theriddle of the student who must dance totwo conflicting tunes in different class­rooms. Graff and the subsequent letter writ- ers are, rightly enough, concerned aboutthe place of diversity in today's academichalls, freedom to teach by your own lights,and cafeterias of the mind. One writer_aretired U of C professor-hoped that stu�dents were bright enough (and unprinci�pled enough) to tell their professors whatthey wanted to hear.Alas, no one seems to be sympathetic tothe student-that's the person with theproblem. The professor punishes the stU�dent for expressing views not supportive ofthe professor's own views, even when thestudent's views would be celebrated inanother course.Frankly, why should there be any prob�lem in giving a student full marks for a dis�senting view, providing only that thestudent presents the view successfully? Theshort answer is that the professor is beingnasty and churlish. And the reason for thatis, as we all well know, power corrupts. Theactivity of teaching gives the teacher awacko sense of power. Of course, I'm notobjecting to dignified professorial self�respect arising from mastery.I had a poignant yet familiar UniversitYstudent-in-exile experience. After going offto another grad school, I found myselfanswering a Ph.D. qualifying exam questiOnabout neonatal imprinting. It was to bescored by the archrival of my earlier U of Cprofessor, the renowned Eckardt HesS.Because I espoused the views of HesS,which the archrival couldn't countenance,this mental and moral pygmy flunked meand rained on my professional aspirations.Subsequently, I did get a Ph.D., althoughtoo late to enter the great wave of universityexpansion in the 1970s. Instead, I've beenproductively applying psychology as a con�sultant. Business life, as I practice it, is notas morally menacing as teaching and it paysbetter most years.Hutchins' idea of the "University Exarn�iner" helped slow the growth of corruptioI1·As with a number of concepts from thatglorious era, this idea separates teachiI1gfrom evaluation or credential conferring·. tHutchins had the famous psychologlSLouis Thurstone as his first Examiner.BEN BARKOW, AB'61TORONTOThe University of Chicago Magazine inviteSletters from readers on the contents of themagazine or on topics related to the Univer'sity. Letters for publication, which must besigned, may be edited for length and/or cla�'ity. To ensure the widest range of voices poss�ble, preference will be given to letters of 50.words or less. Letters should be addressed to.Editor, University of Chicago MagaziI1e,5757 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago, IL 60637.EventsExhibitions18th Annual Members' Show, June 17-:July 19.Attracting more than 130 artists from the Chicagoarea, this exhibition of pieces by Hyde Park ArtCenter members includes paintings, works onpaper, photography, sculpture, crafts, and mixedmedia. Hyde Park Art Center; call 324-5520.Pursuing the Higher Criticism: New TestamentScholarship and Library Collections at the Univer­Sity of Chicago, July 14-0ctober 29. This exhibitexamines the empirical approach to biblical studiescharacteristic of Chicago School scholars, such asErnest DeWitt Burton, Edgar J. Goodspeed, andShirley Jackson Case. Department of Special Collec­tions, Joseph Regenstein Library; call 702-8705.MFA 1993, July 25-August 21. This exhibit,Which highlights work by recent graduates of theMidway Studios' MFA program, will be displayed atthe Hyde Park Art Center because of summer reno­vations at the Smart Museum. Hyde Park ArtCenter; call 324-5520.Columbian Commemorations 1892-1893: Euro­pean and American Perspectives, August 2--October29. Surveying celebrations of Columbus' arrival inthe New World, this collaboration with Portugal'sMuseu-Biblioteca Mario Barbeito de Vasconcelosincludes Spanish, French, and Portuguese graphicand printed materials, as well as memorabilia fromthe 1893 World's Columbian Exposition. Depart­ment of Special Collections, Joseph Regensteinlibrary; call 702-8705.LecturesWagner's Ring of tlie Nibelungen: Artistic Expres­sion versus Dissension, Rebellion, and Strife,August 6 at 12:15 p.m. Raymond Ciacci, a lecturerin the Humanities Collegiate Division, will presentthis lecture-part of a series offered on the firstFriday of every month at the Chicago CulturalCenter; call 702-1722.Musicludwig van Beethoven: Excerpts from Fidelio,july 16-17 at 8 p.m. Opening the music depart­ment's Summer Opera Festival '93 series, the Uni­versity Symphony Orchestra, with professionalsingers from the Chicago area, will present excerptsfrom Beethoven's only opera. Hutchinson Court­yard; call 702-8484.Gilbert & Sullivan: Utopia, Limited, July 23-24 at8 p.m. University students and faculty join theGilbert & Sullivan Opera Company for this 1893operetta, in which six of England's most influentialcitizens attempt to remake a South Sea Island inAlbion's image. Hutchinson Court; call 702-8484.Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Don Giovanni,August fr-7 at 8 p.m. Accompanied by the U of CSYmphony Orchestra, the Lyric Opera Center forAmerican Artists-with the assistance of the Uni­versity's Summer Opera Chorus-presents thesecond of Mozart's three operas with librettos bylorenzo Da Ponte. Fully staged, sung in Italian, anddirected by Barbara Schubert, this dramma giocosorevolves around 18th-century class and sexual ten­sions. Hutchinson Court; call 702-8484. The University of Chicago Alumni Associationinvites you to join alumni and friendsin welcomingHUGO SONNENSCHEINthe Eleventh Presidentof the University of Chicago+ New York City + Washington, D.C.September 28 October 14+ Boston + San FranciscoSeptember 29 November 6+ Chicago + Los AngelesOctober 5 November 7Invitations will be mailed this summer to area alumni. If you do notlive in one of these cities and wish to receive an invitation, pleasecontact:The University of Chicago Alumni Association5757 South Woodlawn AvenueChicago, Illinois 60637-1698(312) 702-2157UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 7ourseWorkSellingPoints IF ifteen minutes into the TUeSday.afternoon class, the 50 or so stu­dents in Business 453 "MarketCommunication" watch the twinvideo monitors mounted above the chalk­board in Rosenwald 15. On the screens, athick, tarry substance slowly slides into asparkling crystal goblet, and an unseenannouncer proclaims, "One fact is clear:Cigarettes are America's No.1 cause ofdeath .... Here's to your health.""Who's the target?" asks Stephen]. Hoch,holding a piece of white chalk like an unlitcigarette between his index and middlefingers."Smokers," comes an answer from theroom's far side."Maybe the target's focused more nar­rowly," another student speaks up, "tothose smokers who have been convincedFrom smoking out an ad'shidden messages to shelvingbreakfast cereals, StephenHoch leads GSB studentsthrough the theories of whypeople buy.8 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 that they can go down. to low-tar cigarettesand keep on smoking.""Is this commercial effective in being rar­geted at smokers?" asks Hoch, arms crossedas he awaits a response. "Andrea?""I'd say probably not," the young womananswers, "because a lot of people want toquit and don't know how. This isn't tellingthem anything they don't know.""I don't smoke" another woman chimeSin, "but it seems to me that this is an ad thata lot of people would argue with.""But when you're trying to changepeople's minds," Hoch counters, "one of thethings that people generally do-whetheror not they do it out loud-is to argue withyou."Changing people's minds is what "453,"(students in the Graduate School of BUSl�ness tend to refer to courses by number asoften as by title) is all about. Hoch, theRobert P. Gwinn professor in the GSB, saysthat the course is designed "primarily forM.B.A. students whose career plans involvemaking marketing communication deci­sions, though it is also appropriate for thoseinterested in how advertising works."A 1974 Stanford graduate with an M.B.A.from the University of California, Los Ange­les, and a Ph.D. from Northwestern, Hochhas worked in marketing and sales for WaltDisney Productions and DisneylandlVistaRecords. He's written extensively on con­sumer experience and behavior, includ­ing-as part of a two-year study with theDominick's supermarket chain-a reporton whether rearranging the layout of astore's shelves affects sales.So, when the class discusses "MemoryBierarchies"-a marketer's way of chartingthe mental compartments that consumersUse to store information about a product­Hoch confesses that the hierarchies some­times work better on paper than on theshelves. For example, he and his colleaguesfigured that arranging breakfast cereals bytype rather than by manufacturer mightboost sales. But when they tried it, Hochsays ruefully, "It had an impact, all right-itkilled sales by about 5 percent over 20weeks." He theorizes that "some peopleeventuallly develop spatial maps-they justget a feeling of where things are in a store.We disoriented them," causing enough con­fusion that some shoppers simply gave up ..In other words, marketing logic has tomatch the target market's thinking. "Inorder to evaluate whether an ad is workingor not," Hoch tells the "Market Communi­cation" class, "you have to know its target."Next up on the video screens is a corporateboardroom filled with smoke and maniacallaughter. Jowly-faced cigarette czars talkabout the need to find "3,000 fresh newvolunteers every day," to replace thosesmokers who quit or die."This ad was shown in California," HochComments as the tape ends, "where it waspaid for by a tax on cigarettes. What's thetnessage? Who's the target?""I think it's aimed at adult smokers," saysBrad. "It mak�s you aware that it's big busi­ness, and people are making money offyou.""Do you really think people stop smokingbecause a tobacco company is making anobscene amount of money?" Hoch returns."I think it's targeted at adults who arenon-smokers," Stephanie ventures.A former smoker enters the fray. "Thetnessage I got was, 'You smoke, you die.' Ididn't care about the money. The whole issue of death is what keeps coming back."The ad "clearly has a Gothic feel about it,"Hoch concurs. "I think it's targeted at non­smokers. It's so exaggerated that smokerscould logically argue against it." Rather, "itsaim is to try to create lobbying againstsmoking, to rally support for measures likenon-smoking areas in offices and work­places."The last of the anti-smoking videos form aA product's pasl, saysStephen Hoch, can "leave atrail. There's humus there."The downside: "A product'slegacy can also createtension."series. No words. Ominous music. In one,an Asian man smokes; in another, thesmoker is Hispanic. In one, a child coughs;in another, a pregnant woman breathes thesmoky air. Each ends with the same tagline:"Smokers aren't the only ones who smoke.""These are very good ads," Hoch com­ments. "They're mainly targeted at smokers.What they're trying to do is to give smokersa new motive: Do it for someone else-guiltas a motivating force."And they are good ads because they'reeffectively targeted." He asks the class,"Who are the specific targets of these ads?""Fathers, parents," someone volunteers."But more specifically?" Hoch presses."They're ethnic," comes a back-rowanswer."That's right," Hoch approves. "There arehuge numbers of immigrants coming tothe U.S., especially to California, fromcountries where smoking is on the rise.These ads speak to them. It's a form ofvisual targeting."Thursday afternoon. Around the room, thestudents-a bit older, a bit tanner, a bitbetter dressed, and a lot more extrovertedthan the average Chicago student-sipliquid refreshments from containers sport­ing the distinctive logos of some well­known American products: Burger King,Pepsi, Coke. Sipping coffee from a smallStyrofoam cup, Hoch-nattily attired inArmani suit and postmodern tie-sets forththe rules for the day's discussion, a casestudy in product positioning or, as he putsit, "where the product resides. People havea natural tendency to categorize. They liketo know where to put things."The product is the Corvette, introduced by Chevrolet in the early 1950s. Studentshave received materials outlining the Amer­ican sports car's competitors, performanceratings, sales figures, and previous advertis­ing campaigns. From that, they constructthe Corvette's "legacy"-its beginnings inthe early 1950s as a rough-and-ready sportscar, its classic Stingray design of the 1960s,its early 1970s metamorphosis into a luxu­rious car "for upwardly mobile secretaries,"and finally the "new" Corvette of theReagan Eighties, wanting to compete onboth the luxury and performance frontswith the best of the world-class sports cars.The car, says Hoch, "has left a trail.There's humus there." But the legacy hasalso produced "tension": "Can a Corvettebe performance, luxury, and styling?""I think it depends on how you defineperformance," a student answers. "Hot-rodperformance means you can't have luxury.""Is there a tension between performanceand luxury?" Hoch asks."I think I see tension between American­made and performance," a young womananswers to general laughter.Divided into groups of four, the classspends the next ten minutes dreaming up apositioning statement for the Corvette. Theformula, outlined by Hoch at Tuesday'sclass, has three parts: "For [Target Market],the brand is [Point of Difference] among all[Frame of Reference]." Filling in the blanksshould help the groups define to whom theCorvette appeals and why.Time up, Hoch calls on each group'sspokesperson, recording the proffered state­ments on the chalkboard, then parsingthem into Targets, PODs, and FORs. "Forimage-conscious drivers, Corvette is theAmerican sports car that performs best"seems clear, but "Corvette is a high-perfor­mance sports car for the young-in-you"elicits some pointed questions from Hoch."What's the point of difference here? Who'sthe target--everyone, older people?"When the statements have all been recordedand analyzed, Hoch, still in a hard-drivingmode, announces, "I'd like to shift gears-andtalk about what Corvette means to Chevrolet.What can Corvette do for Chevrolet?"Again the chalkboard begins to fill. ForChevrolet, the Corvette "creates positivespillover," "acts as a lead product." It's a "traf­fic builder" and an "import defender," both asa new technology lab and as a builder of inter­nal enthusiasm."Given that you have these different objec­tives," Hoch says, "let's look at how they driveour target, message, media, and spendingdecisions." As a new list goes up, the classshifts into a managerial mode. Today, some­one else's car or anti-smoking campaign;tomorrow, their own bottom lines.-M.R.Y.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 9FOR THE RECORDFaculty fellows: Eight Uni­versity faculty membershave been elected fellowsof the American Academyof Arts and Sciences. Theyare: historian LorraineDaston; economics profes­sor Lars Hansen; historianNeil Harris; AnthonyMahowald, professor andchair of molecular genetics& cell biology; historianT etsuo Najita; economicsprofessor Nancy Stokey;Frank Richter, professorand chair of geophysicalsciences; and sociologistMarta Tienda.Eugene Fama, MBA'63,PhD'64, has been namedthe Robert R. McCormickdistinguished service pro­fessor in the GraduateSchool of Business. Famais an expert on risk,return, investments, andprice formation in capitalmarkets. Distinguishedservice professorships rec­ognize distinction in schol­arship and teaching. Graduate SChlDOI of'Business getis Dew deandegree from MIT and a bachelor'sdegree in chemical engineeringfrom Yale.His research interests lie primar­ily in the effect of risk and taxeson corporate finance, and the con­nection between finance, corpo­rate strategy, and internationalbusiness. Currently, Hamadadirects the GSB's Center for Inter­national Business Education andResearch. From 1985 to 1990, hewas deputy dean for the faculty atthe GSB, and he directed theschool's Center for Research inSecurity Prices from 1980 to 1985.In 1970, Hamada received theGSB's first outstanding teachingaward, and, in 1981, was given theschool's McKinsey Award forexcellence in teaching. In 1982,Fortune magazine named him oneof eight outstanding businessschool professors in the UnitedStates. In April, he was named theEdward Eagle Brown distin­guished service professor, effectiveJuly l.ROBERT HAMADA, THE EDWARDEagle Brown professor inthe Graduate School ofBusiness, has been named thatschool's dean, effective July l.Hamada will succeed John Gould,MBA'63, PhD'66, who has beendean since 1983, serving two five­year terms."This appointment speaks to ahistoric strength of our University,where distinguished scholars haveselflessly provided leadership tothe academic enterprise," Presi­dent Hanna Gray wrote in amemo that announced Hamada'sappointment.In the same memo, Gray praisedGould's contributions to the GSBin his ten years as dean. "Jack hasworked tirelessly to strengthen theschool and the University."During Gould's tenure, the GSBbegan construction on its newdowntown center, a $44 millionfacility on the Chicago River thatwill house the GSB's weekend,executive, and evening programs,as well as the Center for Continu­ing Studies programs. The GSBalso rose dramatically in BusinessWeek magazine's annual rankingof business schools-from 11 th in1988 to second in 1992. Gouldhas not yet announced his futureplans.A member of the GSB facultysince 1966, Hamada, 55, holds aPh.D. in finance from the SloanSchool of Management at theMassachusetts Institute of Tech­nology. He also has a master's Hamada: Taking the GSB helm.10 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 Recently completing a four-yearterm as public director of theChicago Board of Trade, Hamadahas served on the board of theAmerican Finance Association. Hehas been an associate editor forboth the Journal of Finance and theJournal of Financial and Quantita­tive Analysis. A consultant on eco­nomic matters to the city ofChicago, Hamada is a director ofseveral organizations, includingA.M. Castle & Company, North­ern Trust Corporation, the reorga­nized Manville Corporation,Riverwood International Corpora­tion, and the National Bureau ofEconomic Research.BSD/Med Schooldean steps downSAMUEL HELLMAN, DEAN ofthe biological sciences divi­sion and the Pritzker Schoolof Medicine, has decided not toseek appointment to another termas dean when his current terII1expires on July 1, President Grayhas announced.Hellman, who will have servedfive years as dean of the schoolHellman: A return to teaching.On the right side of the law: Incoming U of C president HugoSonnenschein-shown talking (right) with Leland Hutchinson,JD'73-was guest speaker at the Law School's annual dinner in May.and the division, plans to returnto teaching, practice, and research.He is the A.N. Pritzker professorin the Department of Radiationand Cellular Oncology, and, wasrecently honored with the "distin­guished service" credential-anappointment effective July 1."Sam's contributions to the divi­sion, the school, and the Univer­sity have been extraordinary,"noted Gray in announcing Hell­man's decision. "He has led inplanning and in realizing a set ofObjectives for the future strengthand vigor of the division and med­ical center.. .. "A search for Hellman's successoris under way. An interim dean hasnot yet been announced.U of C hailsits new chief'HE UNIVERSITY'S 11TH PRESI­dent, Hugo Sonnenschein,will be inaugurated onWednesday, October 20. The day'sfestivities will include a specialconvocation ceremony, a series ofsymposia, and a late afternoon eel­ebration--complete with food andentertainment for the entire Uni­versity community-in Ida NoyesHall. "These promise to be won­derful events," says ProvostEdward Laumann. "I hope to seeall members of the Universitycommunity participate." Convocation will be held at10:30 a.m. in Rockefeller Memor­ial Chapel and will be carried byclosed-circuit television to MandelHall, Max Palevsky Cinema, theLaw School Auditorium, andBreasted Hall. A luncheon for par­ticipants will follow.The afternoon will feature aseries of symposia starting at 2p.m. Planned by a subcommitteeheaded by James Cronin, SM'53,PhD'55, University professor ofphysics, the symposia will bebroadly interdisciplinary, includ­ing such topics as: the College, therole of self-interest in the socialsciences, the evolution of the uni­verse, music and culture, and anas yet undecided topic in the bio­medical sciences."These symposia should show­case the interdisciplinary nature ofso much that goes on here," saysLorna Straus, SM'60, PhD'62,committee member and professorof organismal biology &: anatomy."We want the audience to be abroad representation from differ­ent parts of the University and theUniversity community." Othermembers of the planning commit­tee are Richard Epstein, the JamesParker Hall distinguished serviceprofessor in the Law School, andnew GSB dean Robert Hamada.Sonnenschein, a Princeton econ­omist who was elected U of Cpresident in December, will takeoffice on July 1 (see "SpecialReport," Feb/93). S-leepaHt no mareLAST YEAR, ON A BALMYMother's Day weekend inMay, more than 1,100undergraduates camped out onthe quads. While the weekendwas the campus' biggest unofficialparty, the celebration wasn't allfun and games. Students slept outfor a reason-to secure an earlyappointment for registration, andthe chance to choose the mostpopular classes.For years, "Sleepour" has beenan unofficial annual event, orga­nized by the Maroon Key Societyfor the purpose of assigning orderto an otherwise unranked registra­tion system-and each year theevent has attracted more and moreundergraduates. Last year, 856students stood in line to entertheir names in the Maroon KeySociety'S computer-randomizedlottery, up from 671 the yearbefore.The students who sleep out havebeen doing so in increasinglygrand style. Last spring, for exam­ple, in addition to sleeping bagsand family-sized tents, one stu­dent brought his dorm room bunkbed-transported to the quadspiece by piece.This year, that's all changed,thanks to a new registrationsystem adopted by the administra­tion that makes sleeping outobsolete. Instead of camping onthe quads to guarantee their placein line, students are now assignedregistration appointments basedon their class-year rank and thenrandomly within their classes.As University Registrar MaxineSullivan notes, "This is a fairerway to do it, by allowing nextyear's fourth-years to register first.Beyond that, nothing much haschanged. There's no reason whyregistration won't work assmoothly as it always has."The decision to cancel Sleepou t,jointly made by the dean of theCollege and the dean of studentsin the University, was based inpart on recommendations madeby a faculty committee studyingthe registration process."The College has been updatingits registration process over thelast several years," says EdwardCook, dean of students in the Uni- A-mazing place: It was thekind of thing you could loseyourself in-literally. The17th annual Shorey Housemaze was constructed outof cardboard in the dorm'slounge by avid undergrad­uates one weekend in earlyApril, and more than 70students put themselves tothe test. The fastest timethrough the maze: onehour and 15 minutes. Butsome students spent morethan three hours crawlingthrough the hot, dark mazewithout ever finding theirway out. Roll was calledevery 15 minutes and thosewho'd had enough weresimply cut out of the card­board maze by waiting vol­unteers.Wrestling glory: Third­year Mario Springer wasnamed an All-American atthe NCAA Division IIIwrestling tournament heldrecently in New London,Connecticut. Finishingfifth overall in the 150-pound weight class,Springer also was named"Most OutstandingWrestler" at this spring'sUAA tournament.Pride of the South Side:WHPK-the U of C's stu­dent-run radio station­recently released itsSpring 1993 schedule. Thestation boasts such eclecticprograms as: "AlexanderArguelles sez: If it ain'tbaroque don't fix it." at 7p.m. on Mondays; "Dis­cord and bliss. With Zee. "at 5 a. m. on Fridays; and''jazz on Wednesdayafternoon with Susan,your favorite hephitten.'And it will swing babyand I mean swing ... '"onWednesdays at 1 p. m.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 11Last year, Sleepout drew hundreds to the quads in search of early registration appointments.Oriental treasures: Pome­granate Artbooks is pro­ducing a book of 30postcards and a 1994 cal­endar using photographsfrom the Oriental Insti­tute's collection. TitledSifting the Sands ofTime, both the calendarand postcard book willfeature historic pho­tographs of Oriental Insti­tute activities from 1892to the present. They willbe sold through the Uni­versity of Chicago Book­store, the OrientalInstitute gift shop, andother bookstores andmuseum shops nationwide.Teaching survey: With itsstudy of undergraduateprograms completed, theCouncil on Teaching-astanding faculty commit­tee since 1989-has begunan analysis of graduate­level teaching. In May itsent a survey to all alumnireceiving graduatedegrees in the arts andsciences since 1988. Asample multiple choicequestion: "The supervisionof your teaching in theCollege was: non-existent,poor, fair, good, or excel­lent." Math professor andcouncil chair Peter Maysays he welcomes directfeedback from alumni, andhopes the Council's analy­sis will be finished by theend of the fall quarter. versity. And, he adds, cancelingSleepout was just a side effect ofthat process.The other reason officials choseto cancel the annual camp-in wasthe administration's growing con­cern about the event's inherentsafety problems. "In the lastcouple of years," Cook �ays,"Sleepout has become very big,and drinking, especially, hasbecome a major component of it."So many and so large tents hadbeen brought in," he adds, "thatSleepout was becoming destruc­tive to the quads. Besides killingthe grass, students were drivingstakes into the ground withoutany regard to where the sprinklersystem cables were, and so forth."Last year, for example, the sprin­kler system sustained "piecemeal"damage.Some students, of course, werenot pleased with the change. "Webelieve that if the administrationhad shown less contempt for stu­dent input on this issue," an edito­rial in the April 6 Chicago Maroonstated, "it would discover that stu­dents have no shortage of ideasabout how to improve both theregistration process and the socialproblems associated with Sleep­out."Indeed, the cancellation of whatmany students deemed the socialevent of the year was the subjectof many stories in that week'sissues of the Maroon. Not contentwith editorials and newspaperarticles, some students formed aregistered student organization12 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 dubbed, fittingly enough, "Friendsof Sleepout." Others organized aprotest at the main quad's flag­pole, attended by 75 to 100 stu­dents.Eventually, though, studentfervor over the cancellation dieddown. Mother's Day weekendcame and went without hordes ofundergraduates sleeping on thegrass.Mastering theliberal artsIL. AST YEAR, THE UNIVERSITYannounced the formation ofa new degree-granting pro­gram: the Master of Liberal Arts.Designed for working adults, andadministered through the Centerfor Continuing Studies, the pro­gram has successfully completedits debut year.Raymond Ciacci, AM'84,PhD'90, director of the M.L.A.program, says the new offering isfinishing the year at capacity withone 25-person class, and expectsto have two classes of 25 start inthe fall. "We're very pleased withhow it is going," Ciacci says. "Theclass has very much enjoyed theexperience, We're also very proudof the fact that we've got outstand­ing faculty interested in teachingin the program."Designed to "teach students thebasic principles, perspectives, andmethodologies of the major acade-:mic disciplines," the program has attracted a wide range of stU­dents--from a veteran Chicagopolicewoman to a bank CEO; aphotographer to a systems analyst.The classes meet one eveningper week at the Fine Arts Build­ing, the Center for ContinuingStudies' downtown location. Thedegree has a nine-course require­ment-students take one courseper term for three years. Like theU of C's undergraduate degree, itis organized around a core ofcourses in the humanities, socialsciences, and natural sciences. Italso requires students to take afinal seminar in which they writea thesis and prepare a scholarlYpresentation of their research.The program's new courseschedule includes such classes as"Cannibals, Magicians, andOthers: the Renaissance as an Ageof Discovery," taught by DavidBevington, the Phyllis Fay Hortonprofessor in English, and "CurrentPsychological Approaches to theStudy of Happiness," taught bypsychology and education profes­sor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi,AB'60, PhD'65.The M.L.A., says assistant direc­tor Tamara Towles, AB'91, "is notdesigned to lead to a Ph.D. or toprepare someone for a specificprofession. It is designed for theperson who is interested in self­enrichment. "Applications to the program willbe accepted in August-six toeight weeks before the term startSon October 5. To apply, studentSmust submit an application to theCenter for Continuing Studies,two letters of recommendation, astatement of intent, a writingsample, their college transcriptS,and they also must have an inter­view. Tuition for the 1993-94 aca­demic year is $1,225 per term. Forinformation call 3121702-1726.The Universitygoes greenerHE COLLEGE WILL oFFER Anew undergraduate co�­centration next fall in enVI-ronmental studies."Environmental studies is a newand growing discipline, and it'ssomething many students areVoices from the Quadslooking for when choosing a col­lege," says Theodore Steck, pro­fessor of biochemistry &:molecular biology, who will chairthe new program.The concentration contains acore curriculum of environmentalstudies courses, most of whichwill be drawn from other disci­plines-including the social sci­ences, mathematics, chemistry,biology, and the humanities.A new course, "The HumanEnvironment," taught by Steck,will "analyze the relationship ofhuman activity to the naturalworld that sustains it." The coursewill cover population growth,environmental health, the use ofWater and energy, sustainabledevelopment, and human impacton the biosphere.Environmental studies studentsalso will participate in a weeklyseminar-through this discussionforum they will eventually choosean in-depth study topic for theirsenibr project."It's great that the faculty is will­ing to embark on it," says Dean ofthe College John Boyer, AM'69,PhD'75, of the new concentration."1 think a lot of other schools aregoing to �e following our lead." ,.he issue of Cuba and theUnited States was never anissue of the Cold War, and, in myperspective, it is not an issue thathas been determined by the pres­ence of Fidel Castro.The issue that is at stake here, interms of the relations between thetwo countries, is not the doctrineof containment of communism. Itis the Monroe Doctrine .... Whenwe check the relationshipsbetween the United States andLatin America ... we see a longrecord of interference-aU ofthem legitimized in the name ofthe strategic interests of theUnited States.-Juan AntonioBlanco, co-director of the FelixVarela Center, Cuba, on "U.S.­Cuba Relations in the '90s," aLatin American Studies lecture.,.hirty to 40 years ago, themajority of black men wereworking. Most of them werepoor, but they held regular jobs.When black men looked forwork, employers were concernedabout whether they had strongbacks because they would beworking in the factory or backroom of the shop .... They faceddiscrimination, but they wereCompiled by Debra Ladestro working. The work was hard, butthey were tireless.Now economic restructuringhas broken the figurative back ofthe black working class .... As aresult, young black males haveturned increasingly to lower-wageservice sector jobs or have gonejobless.-Sociologist WilliamJulius Wilson delivering "The NewUrban Poverty and the Problem ofRace," the keynote address atApril's "Eyes on the Mosaic:Inquiries and Exploration in Raceand Ethnic Studies" conference.Let me give you a piece ofinformation about the presi­dential debates. Every mediaperson, every academician ... said,"The first 15 minutes of the firstdebate is what people watch andthat's it, they're going back toJake and the Fat Man,' they don'tcare." So, our whole, rocket-sci­ence-induced strategy was to bustout of the chute in the first 15minutes of the first debate in St.Louis. Remember we did thePrescott Bush thing? And wewere all slapping our high-fivesand saying, "We got him."Ladies and gentlemen, morepeople watched the last debatethan watched the first one. After270 minutes of political program­ming, more Americans watchedthe last 90 minutes than the first90 minutes. Think about that. -James Carville, chief strategist of theClinton-Gore campaign, on "Politicsis Changing for the Better," debatedat the first annual Guy and MaudeAlchon Memorial Forum.Choosing the U 0' C is likefinding dinner. You could gohome and eat family food, or youcould go to a well-known restau­rant where you know what toexpect-but then, maybe because. the lines are too long or yourmother's in a bad mood, youchoose to go to some strange out­of-the-way place, with mistypedmenus, no ethnic coherence tothe dishes, and a. wait staff thatgets you involved in its personalproblems. This place is an experi­ence. -Second-year student ChrisDahlen, in his April 23 Marooncolumn, "Naked City." Germanfor "Rhodes":Ronald Granieri, a gradstudent in history, is oneof ten recipients of theFederal Chancellor-orBundeshanzler=-Scholar­ships for study in Ger­many during the 1993-94academic year. Estab­lished in 1990, thisGerman equivalent of theBritish Rhodes Scholar­ship awards scholarshipsto "prospective U.S. lead­ers in the academic world,in business or in politics,to strengthen trans­Atlantic ties." Granieri isresearching the relationsbetween West Germanyand the u.S. in thepost-WW II era.Traveling artists: The ArtDepartment has received a$100,000 grant from theOtto L. and Hazel T.Rhoades Fund to establishthe Rhoades Fund Travel­ing Fellowships. The fel­lowships will support thetravel and overseasresearch of graduate stu­dents in art history study­ing European art of the15th and 17th centuries.More than $6.5 million inundergraduate student aidfunds have been raised sofar in the Campaign forthe Next Century. Amongthe gifts, Robert Halperin,PhB'47-trustee, CollegeFund chair, and chair ofthe campaign's Californiaregion-added $1 millionto the already establishedRobert M. and Ruth L.Halperin ScholarshipFund.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE(JUNE 1993 13nvestigations7hink SmallWork at Argonne currentlyfocuses on developing methodsto control the size of the clusterparticles-and hence the proper�ties of the materials producedfrom them. The scientists believeMAKING THE MOST OF THE MATERIALS that nanophase materials couldat hand has always been the eventually be designed to with�bedrock of human ingenuity. But stand large temperature varia�where would human ingenuity lead if mate- tions, or to possess specialrials themselves could be designed to match optical, electrical, or magneticperfectly with the function for which they properties.were created? Meanwhile, practical industrialFor scientists at Argonne National Labora- applications of nanophase tech�tory, that question has become more than a nology are already underwa)':source of hypothetical musings over coffee. Argonne's research led, in 1989,The lab-operated by the University of � to the creation of the first coIl1�Chicago for the U.S. Department of � pany in the world to produceEnergy-is leading what two Argonne sci- 1 nanophase materials. Nanophaseentists call a "materials revolution" via i Technologies Corporation innanophase technology. a Darien, Illinois, currently manu�In this spring's issue of logos, published by t factures nanophase ceramics forArgonne, researchers Richard Siegel and Jeff Researcher Gretchen Fougere collects nanophase samples. industries that are investigatingEastman explain that the new technology the properties and potential useSgets its name from the fact that it creates conventional copper are used. The material of these materials. And, in a study withparticles smaller than 50 nanometers- is typically heated just above melting General Motors, Argonne researchersthat's 2 millionths of an inch-and uses point-"hot" atoms leave the material's sur- recently demonstrated that nanophasethose particles as building blocks "to create face as a vapor. These atoms are then materials could help produce improved andproducts with properties of strength and cooled and condensed to form a solid mate- environmentally safe gas converters.flexibility previously found only in science rial of atom clusters. The clusters are col- Another symbol of the technology'Sfiction." lee ted in a tube to further cool, at arrival: the first international journalThus, it is possible to envision a super- temperatures minus 321 0 F. "The chilled devoted to nanophase material science wassonic aircraft-half plane, half rocket- tube attracts the warm material to it natu- launched in 1992 by Argonne, with col�flying from New York to Tokyo in a few rally," write Eastman and Siegel, "cluster by leagues from Rutgers University. . Ihours, built with nanophase materials cluster" in a process called thermophoresis. "Nanophase materials have the potentiadeveloped to withstand repeatedly the This sequence reconstitutes the ceramic to place us at the beginning of anotherextreme temperatures and stresses required. or metal from a conventional coarse form materials revolution," Siegel and EastmanOther wishes gratified by nanophase into an extremely fine powder, consisting of write in logos. "We may have a technologYtechnology could be more efficient high- nanometer-sized atoms clusters or particles. development similar to the ones thattemperature ceramic engines for cars and "The powder is then pressed," the scientists sparked the industrial revolution."trucks, advanced jet engines, "and a vari- explain, "to form a bulk solid with theety of environmental sensors," according desired shape and size in a sealed chamberto Siegel and Eastman. Both men work on under extremely clean conditions."the Argonne research team that was first As the cluster or grain size decreases,in the world to produce ceramic metals become stronger-nanophasenanophase materials. copper produced at Argonne, for example,To make nanophase materials, researchers is about five times stronger than conven­start with a conventional ceramic or metal tional copper. Nanophase ceramics are lesssource material. For example, if the goal is brittle and easier to machine without crack­to produce nanophase copper, pieces of ing or breaking.At Argonne Laboratory, thenext materials revolution ishappening atoms at a time.Preserving theUnion RecordsSIX SCORE AND 12 YEARS AGO, THE NAT�O�erupted in a bloody civil war wh1C[took the lives of 600,000 men and le ta legacy that includes countless statues,14 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993commemorative books, PBS documentaries,and-most intriguing to Robert Fogel-anexhaustive treasure trove of socioeconomicand medical information on those veteranswho survived the war.This academic year, Fogel got the fundinghe needs-$3 million from the NationalBureau of Economic Study-to lead a mas­sive interdisciplinary study of records keptby the U.5. Pension Bureau on Union Armysoldiers. Explaining the study's Yankee­bias, Fogel told the Chicago Sun-Times,"There were no pensions for the losers."Among U ."S. war veterans, the pensionrecords of the Union soldiers are unique,says Fogel, the Charles R. Walgreen profes­sor in the Graduate School of Business.Since Fogel wants to include cause of deathin his longitudinal analysis, data on themany World War II soldiers who are stillalive was not helpful. (The last Civil Warveteran died in 1954.) As for World War Ivets, their medical records were scantycompared to Union soldiers-who wereexamined, on average, every three years bya panel of Pension Bureau doctors. Thosedoctors, Fo'gel says, kept meticulousrecords.During the five-year study, four econo­mists, three statisticians, and five doctors, representing a total of ten institutions, willexamine records of 40,000 veterans, ran­domly selected from the 2.2 million menwho served in the Union Army. It's asurvey, Fogel says, that "can provideinsights into many contemporary issues."The study will survey the records to deter­mine the socioeconomic characteristics ofthe households in which the veterans wereraised, their combat and medical histories,and occupational and demographic histo­ries from 1865 until their deaths.Once all the data is compiled on computerfor cross-referencing, Fogel says the teamshould be able to explore a variety ofhealth-related questions. He believes, forexample, that they could provide a betterunderstanding of the role of factors atdevelopmental and young-adult ages indetermining longevity-knowledge thatwill help researchers forecast longevitytrends in the current population.The data may also reveal trends in old-agefraility. "Some investigators believe that,due to the successes of medicine, more frailpeople are surviving to older ages andhence increasing the proportion of incapac­itated persons at late ages," says Fogel. Histeam will compare the veterans' recordswith current data to detect patterns ofTim.e capsules: Meticulous health records were kept on Union Civil War veterans. frailty over the past century, linked to spe­cific chronic health problems such as car­diovascular and gastrointestinal diseases,and arthritis.The research-being conducted under theauspices of the GSB's Center for PopulationEconomics-may also help the veterans ofmore modern but no less bloody wars.Fogel believes that gleaning the Yankeerecords for long-term effects of wartimetrauma could help anticipate what stress­related problems might arise as Vietnamveterans grow older.Unexpected BenefitsWITH RECESSION AT HOME AND COM­petition abroa, d, many Americanemployers are looking for waysto trim their production costs-includingthe reduction of employee benefits.A study by U of C researchers at theSchool of Social Service Administration andthe Graduate School of Business suggeststhat increasing, not reducing, benefits maybe a better way for businesses to keep theircompetitive edge.Led by Susan Lambert, assistant professorin the SSA, the study looked at Pel-Pro, aSkokie, Illinois-based manufacturer of autosealing products. The 75-year-old family­run business-with sales in 1991 of $285million-provides its nearly 2,000 employ­ees with health, dental, and life insurance;bonuses; and profit-sharing.In addition, Fel-Pro offers a "family­responsive" benefits package, says Lambert.That package includes on-site child care, anelder-care resource and referral service, asick-child care service, and an adult emer­gency-care service; subsidized tutoring, col­lege scholarships, and summer day-campfor employees' children; income-tax prepa­ration assistance; a legal-information ser­vice; counseling services; and a health andfitness center.On average, the family benefits packagecosts Pel-Pro $700 per employee per year.In return, Lambert believes, the companygets more motivated and cooperativeemployees."When workers are supported by theiremployer, they in turn are supportive oftheir employer," says Lambert. As one 20-year factory employee told the U of Cgroup, "Working at Pel-Pro and their bene­fits is the best thing that ever happened tome. As a result, I have complete concern forand loyalty to the company."Lambert noted a direct correlationbetween employees' 'use of family-respon­sive benefits and their work performance.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/juNE 1993 15Family Value: Susan Lambert says workers who use family benefits are better employees.The study found that high benefit users(those using 5 to 16 benefits per year) hadthe highest performance evaluations andthe lowest intentions of leaving Pel-Pro. Inaddition, few of these workers received anydisciplinary action.In return for Pel-Pro's investment in itsbenefits package, Lambert found the biggestpayoff came from workers' voluntary behav­ior. "The greater the workers' use of bene­fits, the greater their citizenship behavior atwork-that is, the more they report helpingout coworkers and their supervisor, volun­teering for work, and showing initiative."Specifically," says Lambert, "these work­ers show greater participation in team prob­lem solving and are almost twice as activein submitting suggestions for product andprocess improvements."Lambert realizes the limits of studying justone company and says the University isplanning to continue this research at addi­tional companies. Meanwhile, a study of theJohnson &1: Johnson Company released thisspring by a non-profit research group, theFamilies and Work Institute, seems to con­firm the Pel-Pro study'S findings. The insti­tute surveyed Johnson. &1: Johnsonemployees in 1990, shortly after work­family benefits were introduced, and againin 1992. As a result of those benefits, work­ers reported less stress, more success in bal­ancing work and family, more companyloyalty, and more job satisfaction.Ellen Galinksy, co-president of the insti­tute, noted, "In an era of economic diffi­culty-with longer hours, more demandingjobs, downsizing and less employee loyaltyin corporate America-these studies showwork-family programs help minimize thenegative effects for business and family."16 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993Typically, family-responsive benefits havebeen thought of only in relation to thegrowing number of women in the work­place. Beyond this, says Lambert, the Fel­Pro study suggests that such benefitsprovide a foundation for employee enthusi­asm and cooperation-attitudes that maybe essential' for companies seeking to adaptquickly to rapidly changing business cli­mates. The attitude that these benefits pro­mote among workers "is important,"Lambert says, "because effective implemen­tation of quality improvement and otherprograms designed to bring about changerequire voluntary participation."Lambert adds that a "range of benefitsacross the life cycle"-not just a scatteringof programs or policies-seems necessaryfor a company to acquire their beneficialeffects upon employees. Nor, she says, caneven the best policies "compensate forunchallenging stressful jobs, insensitivesupervisors, or. unsupportive colleagues."Demographic and economic trends indi­cate that it's time for American business tolearn to make the most of the vast humanresources available," Lambert concludes."The study suggests that providing family­responsive policies in the workplace helpsaccomplish this goal."Databasing,a la Fran�aiseA KEY TEXT OF THE 18TH CENTURY ISGETting the postmodern treatment.Diderot's Encyclopedia-all 28 vol­umes worth-will be placed on a computer database, thanks to a University projectcalled the American and French Researchon the Treasury of the French Language(ARTFL).Started in 1981, ARTFL is the largestdatabase of its kind in the world. Currentlycontaining 2,000 texts spanning the lastthree centuries of French literature, ARTFLholds novels, verse, journalism, essays, cor­respondence, and treatises-in subjectsranging from literary criticism to science toeconomics. More than 45 academic institu­tions subscribe to ARTFL, including Har­vard, Stanford, and Yale.The Encyclopedia's addition should bewelcome news to subscribers, says ARTFLdirector Robert Morrissey, PhD'82, associ­ate professor of romance languages &1: liter­atures. Under the stewardship of DeniSDiderot, the 28-volume Encyclopediabrought together many of the Enlighten­ment's greatest minds-including Voltaire,Rousseau, D'Alembert, and Qu es na)':Together, these scholars assembled whatwas considered to be the complete sum ofknowledge in the arts and sciences-withthe goal of disseminating that knowledgeinto a clear, readable prose."So many scholars refer to the Encyclope­dia," says Morrissey, "but because of itssize, only researchers who have spent yearsworking with it are able to ferret out thehidden references and latent connectionscontained in this massive work." By data­basing the work, "not only will we be ableto see the complex cross-references withinthe work, but we will be able to compare it"to other ARTFL texts.In 1989, ARTFL developed software toprovide easy, inexpensive access to its data­base. Using the program Philo Logic , schol­ars anywhere in the U.S. or Canada canaccess ARTFL over computer networks orby electronic mail. Philo Logic can performa wide range of searches on texts selectedfor analysis: authors; texts of a particulartype or period; or even a single word, wordroot, prefix, or suffix. "For example, onemight search for the word liberte in all th:texts published between 1750 and 1760,Morrissey explains. "Or you could get �llthe uses of liaerte in specific contexts-Illsentences about justice or government, forexample."The Encyclopedia project is supported by agrant from the Scaler Foundation. ARTFLitself is a joint project with the French goV­ernment's Institut National de la LangueFrancaise. Some of ARTFL's database haSbeen transcribed by the French governm�ntas part of its project to create a new dictIO­nary of the French language.Compiled by Tim ObermillerrueAny resemblance tbese types of twosomessbow to actual persons, living or dead, ispurely coincidental-if not striking.cally, loud enough for my mother to knockon the door to make sure I wasn't hemor­rhaging. But, as is the case with many self­deprecatory statements, after I stoppedlaughing I wasn't sure if it was funny any­more. (What does somebody named Cecilknow about great sex anyway? To borrowfrom When Harry Met Sally, can you imag­ine anyone saying, "Do it to me, Cecil!You're an animal, Cecil!" It's the name-itdoesn't work.)"L ike undergraduates at theUniversity of Chicago,the silverfish comes acrossits intellectual predilectionsas the result of an unhappysex life." I found this charming little state­ment one spring break while reading TheStraight Dope by Cecil Adams-Cecil wasexplaining why silverfish bugs like to eatthe paste in books.When I read it, I started laughing hysteri-By Jean Twenge, '93 Illustrations by Richard ThompsonUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEZJUNE 1993 17Jean Twenge, a fourth-year majoring insociology and psychology, plans to enter thePh.D. program in psychology at the Univer­sity of Michigan, where her research willfocus on gender. This article is adapted fromtwo columns which originally appeared in theChicago Maroon.When I read the column, I was a first-yearand knew plenty of people who were stillhappily involved in their O-Week romances;I decided Cecil wasn't being fair to us. Lately,though, most people I know are prettylonely, and I'm beginning to think good 01'Cecil might have been on to something.There are an extraordinary number of ob­stacles to dating on this campus, and anycouple who manages to dodge them all iseither blessed by God or amazingly lucky.First of all, you have to get past the U ofC's historic reputation as the nation's larg­est gathering of socially inept dorks. AsCecil's comment makes clear, our much­loved school seems to be internationallyacclaimed forits lack of social life. I per­sonally think this is all a bunch of hooey,but I must admit that, through the years,the Maroon has received an inordinatenumber of letters criticizing the datingsituation on campus.In 1957, the paper ran a series of lettersand articles in which the campus men com­plained that U of C women didn't takeenough care with their appearance (i.e.,were ugly). "I can't judge," said one manwho was asked to compare U of C womento those on other campuses. "You can'tcompare horses with girls." Well, the "girls"shot back, the boys are so shy they're just"rationalizing their own timidity." "Nowonder the administration doesn't have toworry about panty raids," one wrote. "MostU of C men wouldn't recognize a pair of panties if they saw them."The debate is not limited to the 1950s-three years ago a woman wrote in com­plaining about U of C men's lame pick-uplines ("Hey baby, is that a book you're read­ing?"). And when I brought up the 1950sarticles to guys I knew, they'd say, "Are yOUsure that wasn't from yesterday's Maroon?"After you decide to defy the school's repU­tation, you then have to get by the classicU of C (feigned) scorn for relationships."Relationships?" they say between puffson a cigarette. "Too bourgeois. I'd rathernot give up my independence. Two peoplefrom your high school got married thisweek? How horribly lower-class, to getmarried! Not something I would do."Then if you break that barrier, prepare tobe overanalyzed. U of C students don't justspontaneously kiss; they ask each other ifit's OK first and make sure they've consid­ered all of the possible ramifications. Thiscaution also applies to the first approach­we're so scared of rejection that many of usgraduate before we can work up the cour­age to talk to the guy or girl we noticedduring 0- Week.And then there's the much-overused, all­purpose U of C excuse: work. "Get a girl­friend?" some of my guy friends have said."No way-I have too much O-Chem to getdone! Maybe next quarter.. .. "Y this point, you probably thinkI'm a bitter, disillusioned fourth­year who got LJBF'd (let's justbe friends) one too many times.In reality I can't complain muchabout the dating scene here; I've been withthe same guy for more than two years. So,to round out my whirlwind survey of datingat the U of C, I present to you the seventypes of U of C couples:Crerar Critters. These are the remarkablystudious science types who somehow, onenight while studying pig anatomy in theirMammalian textbook, decided they wereperfect for each other. They tend to "study18 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993together" at Crerar Library, exchangingsmoky glances over their 30-pound text­books. Unlike many of the other types, theyactually do get work done, possibly becauseit's harder to have a running commentarywith your lover on chemistry formulas thanit is on, say, Freud's theories of sexuality.Siamese 7wins. You never, and I meannever, see these two apart. Their room­mates end up with singles; by the end of theyear they've turned the second bed into adisplay stand for their potted plants. Theseare the cute couples who hold hands inclass, sit together in the dining hall, andgenerally disgust (read: make insanely envi­ous) everyone around them.Roller Coasters. One minute it's all gleeand bliss; the next, they're hurling their cal­culus books at each other and screaming atthe top of their lungs. You probably livednext to someone like this.Discussers. Prone to stay up until 3 a.m.on Saturday night discussing the existenceof free will or the concept of causality inthe Western world. Somewhere along theway, probably when discussing Freud (seeabove), they decided that there might bemore to life than Aristotle. Not being terri­bly adventurous, they decided to seek thisadded dimension with someone else whoalso thinks that there is nothing more to lifethan Aristotle. Since they are prone to dis­cuss their chosen topics loudly, they prob­ably lived on the other side of you.Innocence Times Two. Made up oftwo people who didn't date in high schoolbecause there wasn't anyone smart enoughfor them. Previously they were mesmerizedby public displays of affection, tending towatch other couples as intently as they didthe demonstration in physics lab. As soonas they hook up with someone, the experi­ments begin in earnest. Warning: prone totake notes after making out..Beautiful People. When not preeningthemselves, these two take pleasure inparading around in front of all the peoplewho have crushes on them-or once did and are now complaining that the goodones always go for the attractive jerks.Lukewarm Lovers. This pair usuallyconsists of one person who "isn't surehe/she wants a relationship right now"and another who is desperately in love butdoesn't want to look like a wounded puppy(or, as one friend of mine puts it, "burnedcheese"). Either that or they're both notsure they want a relationship right now (Inever did understand this phrase) but keepeach other around for occasional romps.ven when couples manage tostay together, they eventuallyface the most horrible tortureever invented by this nation'scolleges and universities: gradu­ation. U of C students, both male and fe­male, are in general much too independentto follow each other around the country totheir various jobs and graduate schools (orat least to admit to doing this - "Yeah, Ijust decided that Nowhere U had a betterprogram .... What? Well, yeah, it is in thesame city my girlfriend got a job."). It'seither that or getting left in the mysteriouslimbo of a long-distance relationship; forinstance, I'll be going away to graduateschool next year while my boyfriend plansto look for jobs in Chicago. (As he put it,"It's never too late to look for jobs-it justmay be too late to find them. ';)So are we all doomed to spend the rest ofour lives quoting Plato to the unsuspectingpatrons of singles bars? I hope not. Even ifthat's my horrible fate, I'll always have thewonderful memory of standing on the roofof Harper Library the first week my boy­friend and I were together, letting the windblow through my hair, and experiencingmy first U of C kiss. Of course, before longwe had to go downstairs and study ....UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/J"UNE 1993 1920 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 PROFESSOR'S DAUGHTER,GRADUATE STUDENT,FACULTY SPOUSE,TENURED PROFESSOR,DEAN, PROVOST,UNIVERSITY PRESIDENT:SHAPED BY A LIFE SPENTON CAMPUS QUAD­RANGLES, HANNAHOLBORN GRAY HASSPENT THE PAST 15 YEARSHELPING TO SHAPE THEUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO.By PETER OSTERLUNDPORTRAIT BYBURT SILVERMANUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 21quite mindful that a prideful boast here oran ill-chosen pronoun there can reverberateloudly through the quadrangles. To under­stand a university like Chicago, and toappreciate a president's reluctance to claimcredit where credit may be due, one mustbe mindful of the fact that (1) it is the fac­ulty and the faculty senate that run theinstitution, (2) the president can do littlewithout their cooperation and support, and(3) no successful president who wants tocontinue to be a success is going to runaround claiming credit for much of any­thing. And, as the evidence would suggest,Gray has been a successful president.For the past 15 years (only Harry PrattJudson and Robert Maynard Hutchins hadlonger tenures), Gray has exhorted, cajoled,and persuaded that eclectic- collection of tal­ents and egos collectivelyknown as "thefaculty" into accepting her vision of a leanand focused university, ready to carry itspreeminence into a second century.Since she became Chicago'S tenth chiefexecutive, annual donations have quadru­pled and the endowment is up 376 percent.Facu1ty hiring has been frozen and partiallythawed, administrative costs have beenslashed, the budget-in a time of reducedresources and rising costs-is almost in theblack. The Irving B. Harris Graduate Schoolof Public Policy Studies and the Depart­ment of Computer Science have been born.The Graduate School of Library Science andthe Department of Geography have beenretired. New buildings have been erected,old buildings renovated. Nobel Prizes andother awards have continued to accrue at abreathtaking clip."Gray hasn't been afraid to make thetough choices, and that's been a very impor­tant thing," says Law School dean GeoffreyStone, JD'7l. "I think she's been the bestuniversity president in this country," saysHoward Krane, JD'57. "She's simply leftChicago in better shape than when shearrived."MOST RECENTLYHEarrived on campus in 1978,fresh from Yale, where sheserved first as provost and thenas acting president. But she firstcame to Chicago in 1960. Herhusband, Charles M. Gray, was appointedto the history department, and Hanna, anewly minted Renaissance historian with aPeter Osterlund, AB'84, has covered nationalpolitics from the Washington bureau of theBaltimore Sun, and has been a contributor tosuch publications as The Economist andRolling Stone. He is now a Los Angeles-basedwriter. PURELY ACADEMIC: MR. AND MRS.CHARLES GRAY, DRESSED FOR CONVO­CATION. THE COUPLE MET AT A SEMI­NAR ON THE WORKS OF 'ERASMUS.Harvard Ph.D., arrived in Hyde Park withthe tide "faculty wife." In those days, fac­ulty wives rarely became faculty them­selves-even less often at their husband'splace of employment. Within a year, how­ever, she too had secured an appointmentin the department. "Chicago always had aspecial place in my heart because of that,"she now says.It was what she was bred to do. "I wasborn into an academic family-so acade­mic," Gray told a gathering of women acad­emics last year, "that the only thing theycould imagine a child of theirs ever doingwas becoming an academic." Her parentsmet at a Sanskrit seminar, and the world ofGray's youth was the world of the academy.Her father, Hajo Holbom, taught history atthe University of Berlin before fleeing NaziGermany with his wife, classical philologistAnnemarie Bettmann; young Hanna; andher older brother, Frederick, now a profes­sor at Johns Hopkins University's NitzeSchool of Advanced International Studies.The family moved to New Haven in 1934, and Hajo Holborn subsequently spent 35years teaching history at Yale. Like herhusband, Annemarie instilled the values ofan academic in each of her children. Grayrecalls a conversation with her motherwhile she was an undergraduate at BrynMawr College: "My mother asked me whatI was going to major in, and I said history·She said, 'Oh, no.' And I said, 'Well,I'IIlinterested in intellectual history.' 'ThankGod,' she said, 'that is at least useless.'".By any measure, the academic indoctfl'nation took. Gray met her husband at aseminar on the middle-Latin works of Erasdmus, "And my other tastes have remainefirmly and powerfully academic," she sa�dHer subsequent life in the academy diher parents proud. Tenure at Chicago, asequence of positions combining classroo�and administrative duties, the deansh1?at Northwestern's College of Arts and ScI'ences, and then to Yale. By the time shereturned to Chicago, she knew the ropes,and was well-equipped to take on th�challenges of running a major researcuniversity."It's all a matter of a collegial procesS. Wehave a community here, and there'S geWuine involvement and debate," she says.'re"Things can get argumentative, but they22 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993always interesting," Gray adds, pausing abeat before continuing with the observationthat "if they become absolutely confronta­tional, that may be interesting tDD, but in aless pleasant way. "ERTAINLY, THESE HAVEbeen "interesting" times inwhich to. run a university,times challenging assump­tions the public had heldabDut universities and uni­versities held about themselves. It's been atime of epidemic identity problems trig­gered by an accelerating decline in federalsupport, a "baby-bust" shrinkage Df thePDDI of college-age students, and an infla­tion of CDSts that has forced many universi­ties into. the worst financial squeeze sincethe Great Depression."It's been a serious time fDr universities,with these negative trends compoundedby a degree of public suspicion and anegative sense of what universities areall about," Hanna Gray says. "It's the kindDf thing that ranges from the outcry overthe CDSt of higher education to. the concernthat universities are, in some sense, corruptinstitutions. "When Gray assumed the presidencyfrom john T. Wilson, Chicago. appeared asvulnerable to. the cross-currents buffetinghigher education as any private institution.Its endowment had been pummeled bypost-oil crisis stagflation. Its graceful butrelentlessly aging campus required mainte­nance and improvement. The eCDnDmy hadtaken its toll on the University's fund-rais­ing machinery, itself creaking woefully: A$180 million fund-raising drive never cameclose to. its goal, and was quietly canceledwhen she took office.As if that weren't enough, Chicago.appeared uniquely threatened by somewrenching demographics on the horizon.Universities across the country had hiredlarge numbers of faculty to. meet the baby­boom demands of the Sixties and earlySeventies. The last of that faculty bulgeachieved lifetime tenure just as the college­age population began to. drop. The acade­mic job market col lapsed, reflecting anationwide surplus in college professors."It presented a real crisls=-both for highereducation generally and for Chicago. in par­ticular," she recalls. Chicago, in particular,because two-thirds Df its students wereenrDlled in graduate prDgrams, mDst DfthDse in the arts and sciences. GraduateapplicatiDns and enrDllments na'turallyplummeted, threatening the finandal andintellectual health Df what had been Dne Dfthe wDrld's premier training camps fDracademics. Strong measures were called for and, by1982, a 17-member faculty commissionappointed by Gray proposed a majormake-over for the graduate experienceat Chicago. The result was a programintended to. prepare graduate students nDtjust for academic jobs, but for positionsin government and industry. Followingthe commission's recommendations, previ­ously inflexible course requirements wererelaxed, replaced by guidelines of study,research, and writing; financial aid wasincreased; and College teaching internshipswere established. To. reduce the isolation ofall-but-dissertation students, an interdisci­plinary workshop program was instituted,bringing students together with faculty ina forum where ongoing work could beconstructively criticized."One result, I think, is that we've seenan increase in the quality Df life in the grad­uate divisions and an increase in interest instudying here," Gray says. The numberssupport her claim. Enrollment in the grad­uate divisions has increased from a 1981IDW of just over 2,000 students to. last year'sfigure of 3,021. And, by all appearances,quality has not suffered. In 1992, Chicago.led the nation in Spencer Dissertation YearFellowships and, for the fourth time in fiveyears, Fulbright-Hays Dissertation ResearchFellowships. It tied with Harvard for thehighest number of Charlotte W. NewcombeDoctoral Dissertation Fellowships. Twenty­eight new National Science Foundationfellows brought the total on campus to. arecord 76.Meanwhile, demographic trends haveshifted in Chicago's favor. The very facultybulge that had so. alarmed the nation's grad­uate SChDDls in the Seventies moved towardretirement age. Faced with a sudden dearthof successors, universities began scramblingto. train and recruit a new generation ofscholars,"NDW, the challenge," says Gray, "is nDtso. much to. make sure the jobs are there,but to. make sure there's a critical mass ofwell-prepared scholars ready to. lead thenext academic generation."Gray similarly oversaw a reconstruction ofstudent extracurricular life and academiccurriculum in the College. "It's a competitivemarketplace DUt there, and we had to. beready to. compete," she states. Despite thedecline in the population Df 18-year-Dlds,the undergraduate CDllege decided to.increase its size. And to. do. that withDut sac­rificing the quality Df the student bDdy, saysGray, "we had to. make sure we were thebest we CDuld be."To. that end, the CDre curriculum wasstrengthened, requiring all undergraduates,regardless Df their majDr, to. negDtiate a tWD- year Common Core. The extracurricularlife of the College also. received attention,with the birth of "traditions" such as theannual Kuviasungnerk winter festival­including, in Chicago. fashion, such ques­tionably "festive" exertions as dawn t'ai chiat Lake Michigan. The student center at IdaNoyes was renovated and-again, quintes­sentially Chicago-a-its aging gym wasreplaced with a state-of-the-art cinema fDrDOC Films, the nation's Dldest student-runmovie organization, Giving sports its due,the University joined an athletic associationof similarly-minded research universitiesaround the country,Old habits do. die hard, and on the matterof student life, Gray is the first to. concedethat her efforts may have had only limitedeffect. "I think students here like to. think ofit as a very hard, hard place."Nevertheless, the steps to. improve theCollege seem to. have borne fruit. Despitethe nationwide drop in college applications,Chicago's have risen steadily. Enrollment,tDD, has increased, from 2,653 in Gray's firstyear as president to. a 1991-92 total of3,447. "There is a critical mass nDW, andthere's enough variety so. that people canfind what it is they enjoy," Gray adds. Theend result, she flatly asserts: "It's the bestliberal arts college of any university in thecountry."The task of academic reconstruction wasmirrored in a massive building prDgram,perhaps without parallel since the Univer­sity's first days. Many of the quadrangles'magnificent Gothic edifices were thor­oughly updated. The D'Angelo. Law Librarywas expanded by half. A new hospital wasbuilt. A new sciences quadrangle was CDm­pleted. The 350,000 volumes of the johnCrerar Science Library were merged withthe University'S Dwn scientific collections ina new building whose 39 miles of shelveshold 1.1 mi lli on volumes-c-one of thelargest private collections of scientific litera­ture to. be found anywhere. The completionof the Kersten Physics Teaching Center andthe renovation of the Kent Chemical Labo­ratory gave Chicago. two. of the mo stmodern undergraduate teaching laborato­ries in the country,"A IDt of institutions have a deficit thatdoesn't appear on the bottom line but thatcomes from deferring maintenance. We'vetaken care of what we have, so. we haven'tbeen accumulating that kind Df bill. I thinkit's impDrtant to. us," Gray says. "And Ithink the renDvatiDns have helped theacademic programs." Buildings have been"mDdernized without IDsing the architec­tural qualities that make them unusual.SD," she adds, taking pleasure in the anDm­aly, "we prDbably have the Dnly Dak-pan-UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 23"ThFemaleFactorHanna Holbo!!fl Gray has presided over theUniversity witn a presence commanding thesame respect as Chicago's other chief execu­tives-yet newspaper and magazine profiles�'iof Gray invariq;�ly Jocus+on he� role as q)'�r:e­eminent woman in American higher education.With her trademark perspicacity, Gray talksabout her life as a woman in academe-fromstudent days at Bryn Mawr College and,Oxford and Ha�ard universities, to w01fk asa ranking administrator at Yale and Chicago.I had the good fortune to go to �rynMawr COl.lege, an institution where Isaw men and women working asequals and with mutual respect, bothas teachers and as scholars. Then I attendedOxford, before '1 went on to do my gra�ratework, and so I'saw the women's colleges atOxford-colleges which, however grandtheir traditions" were certainly second-classcitizens within the larger university andwhich had constantly to define themselvesand their work and their mission, in con­trast to the men's colleges.I went from ... there on to-I know notwhere. Was if Harvard? Was it Radcliffe?Radcliffe, of course, had no real existenceas a graduate school, and yet Harvardrefused to admit women as graduate stu­dents. When I arrived at Harvard it was thefirst year that women were allowed to sitin the main reading room of the WidenerLibrary.Throughoutdny entire time at HarV:ard,first as a student and later as a member ofthe faculty, I was not able to enter theundergraduate Lamont Library, and I wasnot allowed to look at the reserve books onmy own reseF�e bookshelf, because onlymen were allowed to enter the Lamont Lib­rary-although at Radcliffe young menwere allowed to enter the Radcliffe lib�ary,and appeared to enjoy doing so very much.Women were not meant to go in throughthe front door of the faculty club. Mydepartment, when I was a faculty member,met in the clu�., so I adopted the expe4.ientof going through the front door when Iwasgoing to a department meeting-nobody24 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993ever daFed to make a scene abpklt this---;�1}d.the rest of the time I would go in thr�:ughthe back door.It was a time when, if you were a woman,you may have felt as if everything you didwas a first. I was, however, very much con­scious of how quickly certain thingsfell by the wayside once there began tobe women in tutorial positions, or associ­ated with the Harvard houses, or enter­ing front doors-or whatever else of ashocking character it might be. And Iwas also very much aware that Harvard pro­fessors thought to be among the more con­servative faculty were also among the mostsupportive and encouraging toward theirwomen students.Nonetheless, among the 12 .01:;.'SO wom�nin the cohort in which I entered for myPh.D., only three of us ultimately receiveda Ph.D. And when I became engaged, in themiddle of my fascination with the middle­Latin works o� Erasmus, it svas siIIlP,lyassumed that from now on that was it­that it would be fine to get my degree, butthat academic families were olJe-job fami­lies. I came to the University of Chicago asa faculty wife, understanding that it wasvery unlikely that my academic careerwould continue.To my surprise, not too lopg after ourarrival at the University of Chicago, I wasoffered a full-time regular position on thefaculty. That was a very, very unusual thingin the early Sixties for any institution todo, and it says something about a traditionat the University which I have always.admired: that the University of Chicago didthose things in a more flexible way andwith greater frequency than other institu­tions. And so I began to teach a year later atthe U of C-actually, in the same depart­ment as my husband-and I was givenresponsibility for the history program inthe College as an assistant professor.The other side of it was that I can stillremember-as a kind of associate chairmanof the/department-the chairman saying tome about an appointment that we werepursuing: "Oh, please don't appoint awoman, they make such difficult col­leagues." When I began to laugh, he saidthat thing, which I'm sure has been said tomany of us. "Oh," he said, "I don't think ofyou as a woman."I wandered off again, to Yale University[as its first woman provost], where I hadthe experience of seeing an Ivy Leagueinstitution that I had known as a facultybrat undergoing the enormous change ofbecoming a coeducational institution. Yalewas a place where professors still had toremind themselves not to begin their lee- tures by:; saying, "Gentlemen," and where afew professors deliberately did not remindthemselves to say, "Gentlemen."When I arrived, the famous luncheonclub next door, Mory's, was under the gun.The Connecticut State Liquor Commissionhad said that to get a liquor license the clubwould have to admit women; and so themembers of Mory's immediately had tovote to aCimit women. One old grad said, ina cranky way, that he didn't understandwhat all the rush was about-it had taken20 years to get ice cream on the menu, andthis seemed like an equally important issue.Coming back to the University of Chi­cago was like stepping back into the future.Yet I've seen a lot of change at the Univer­sity, frq:m the time when I first began toteach here-and I see potential for stillmore change. A University like this mustbe coeducational, must have equality for itspeople-but must also allow for the fullestdiversity of people's views and ambitions,so that they are not measured against astereotypical concept or picture. We arenow struggling with a whole new definitionof what is coeducation: We are strugglingwith a definition of how one finds the bal­ance between equality and diversity.Hanna Gray's remarks are excerpted from atalk she gave at a centennial symposium on"Women in American Higher Education,"sponsored by the Women's Board of theUniversity of Chicago.eled undergraduate chemistry laboratoriesin the country."HIS KIND OF PHYSICALand intellectual reconstruc­tion costs money, andmoney has always beencomparatively scarce atChicago, which swims ina very small pond with a handful of otheruniversities that enjoy significantly largerendowments. "Chicago has always had todo a little more with a little less, and I thinkthere's no question we're leaner than otherinstitutions. We've prided ourselves onthis," she says. Indeed, Gray's spartan officehardly measures up to the more imposingquarters occupied by the presidents of Har­vard, Yale, and Stanford."My office is this office, and that office,"she says, indicating a secretary's areabeyond her door. "You don't see a hugecomplex. And you'll find that throughoutthe central administration of the University.We've pared down and consolidated anddone whatever we can to keep our adminis­trative costs as low as possible. The conse­quence of that is that the proportion of ourbudget that is devoted to administrationhas fallen over these years-from 37 to 40percent of the unrestricted budget to 25percent."That was one step on the road to financialstability. Another concerned, quite simply,the matter of drumming up more cash. Gray oversaw a transformation in the waythe University raises funds, dividing Uni­versity-wide fund-raising drives into spe­cific campaigns. Four special-purpose cam­paigns-for the Law School, the PritzkerSchool of Medicine, the Graduate Schoolof Business, and a $150 million campaignfor the arts and sciences, all exceeded theirgoals. Moreover, a five-year fund-raisingCampaign for the Next Century, launchedin October 1991, is more than halfwaytoward its $500-million goal."Fund-raising has become a bigger com­ponent of the job than you might wish it tobe," Gray concedes, "but it's the price ofhaving private institutions that that sort ofsupport has to be raised."In some sense, every university today isalways running a campaign-explicit orabout-to-be. So the competition is greater,which makes the activity ever moreintense."And in that competition, Chicago hasbeen forced to accept some built-in disad­vantages. "The places we're usually rankedwith-Stanford and the Ivies-have a verydifferent alumni composition. A muchlarger percentage of their alumni attendedas undergraduates, and they serve as thecore of their fund-raising base. In our case,only a third of our alumni are from the Col­lege and many of those go into academicsand so forth, instead of into the high-payingprofessions. And graduate alumni tend tohave divided loyalties between Chicago and wherever else they attended or wherethey're teaching. So we don't have the samebase to build on."ACKING THE LUXURY OFunlimited resources, Grayfaced a challenge "a little likethey now do in Washing­ton"-namely, that of balanc­ing the University's budgetwhile expanding a multitude of programs."You can always balance the budget if youdon't do anything. You can keep facultycompensation low, you can stop maintain­ing your buildings, you can not developnew programs," she says. "But our interesthas always been in having a budget planthat takes into account not only where youhave to absorb hard trends and where it isyou have to pull in or consolidate but alsohow you phase in improvements you wantto make-for better faculty compensation,for improvements to the Library at a timewhen serial publication costs have gonethrough the ceiling, for new administrativesystems, for certain kinds of new programsand appointments."The march toward that goal has involvedsome painful-and, in some cases,resented-cuts and funding allocations. "Ifyou look at it in terms of priorities andwhat matters most to the institution thatyou need to protect or enhance," says Gray,"you are forced to make choices-choicesthat one hopes will protect what is most atrisk and most valuable to the University."Gray strongly hints that more trade-offsare-or ought to be-on the way. "Youstart with the institution and what it doesbest. There are some things it does superblywell. If you were starting a new institu­tion, maybe those are not the ones you'dchoose," she says briskly. "Doesn't matter­there's a great intellectual tradition" touphold."Secondly, there are things that are essen­tial if you are going to provide a first-rateliberal education. And next, there are cer­tain things that are essential to the areas ofgreatest strength. If you are going to havefirst-rate astronomy, you should have first­rate physics, and if you have first-ratephysics you ought to have first-rate mathe­matics. It's not a question of whether youought to have anyone department," shesays, "but whether the sum of those depart­ments is greater than the parts."Obviously, you can't do everything. SoA SHREWD PLAYER: GRAY TRIES THEPOOL TABLE AT THE COMMUTER STU­DENTS LOUNGE. THE PRESIDENT'S JOB,SHE SAYS, "IS A LOT LIKE BEING MAYOROF A SMALL TOWN."there are defining questions: What's goingto be on the cutting edge of the field?What's going to contribute to' that sense ofan intellectual neighborhood that makesChicago special? What's going to be neces­sary for excellence in general education?There may ibe things you have done verywell that are no longer of the same impor­tance, or of the same quality, of the samefuture promise."Thus the case of the library school. "It'snot that we didn't have an excellent tradi­tion in graduate library education, butlibraries are changing enormously and it isa very difficult thing to figure out what thenew training for professional librarians andthose who. think about libraries is supposedto be," she says. Geography, too, posed sim­ilar issues. "Here again, a -great tradition,but we felt that the right way to do it was todissolve it as a department and allow acommittee-consisting of people from dif­ferent departments-to come together anddefine whatever it is you might have tostudy in the future."Such decisions are part of an ongoingprocess of self-review and self-criticism,Gray believes-encouraged by financialconsiderations, but not dependent on them."It's one thing to have the budget drive theacademic choices you have, and another tomake it the instrument of the academicchoices you have. The reality is that acade­mic choices are limited, that these are diffi­cult times financially for all institutions.One needs to face that reality," she says.'The process is like pruning a tree, whereyou don't always know where the newgrowth is going to come from, where youwant to be sure you haven't cut off thepotential for new growth. It's a painfulthing, but it's a good and stimulatingthing-and I think that Chicago's edge hasbeen that it's been willing to do that."This is clearly a subject close to Gray'sheart-the difficult choices that must bemade to ensure the stability and vitality ofthe organization. During her tenure, shehas been criticized for devoting largeresources to the biological and physicalsciences-at the expense, critics charge,of the humanities. This strikes some as acurious betrayal, considering Gray's back­ground as a Renaissance historian. "Some ofthat is never going to go away," she sighs,insisting that it is a problem of perceptioncompounded as "humanists have becomedispirited by what is seen as a larger societalinattention to the humanities, and a sensethat somehow they are no longer relevant."But on to the nuts and bolts of the matter,as Gray, the CEO, takes over from Gray, theacademic theorist. "What do you requirewhen you hire a humanist? Excellent col-26 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993leagues and students, good libraries, secre­tarial staff, nowadays a PC, But when youappoint an experimental scientist to thefaculty, the immediate cost is not that scien­tist's salary, although that's a cost, but a billfor setting up his or her lab that can go any­where from a quarter of a million to twomillion dollars," she says. "Humanists seea very large amount of money being spentin the sciences withou t a correspondingamount spent for the humanities, and thatseems like an inequity. It's not. It would beif we weren't appointing humanists, if weweren't supporting them properly, if weweren't getting access to the technologiesthey need, if we were not supporting theLibrary. But we're doing those things."Gray makes it clear that the futurepromises more of the same: 'The reality isthat every institution is going to have tomake more profound choices and supportthose chokes more deeply in order to dothem well, and that means institutions haveto become somewhat more differentiatedfrom one another than they have been."What she proposes is effectively a variantof David Riccardo's law of comparativeadvantage, which holds that nations oughtto produce the goods that they producemost efficiently. "Universities," says Gray,"are really going to have to make the kindof choices where they say, 'We shouldn't tryto do "X" as well because, you know, it'sdone awfully well at University Y.' "It is a task as necessary, she believes, as itis difficult and, often, unpleasant. "Often­times people say, 'Well, gee, if we do that,morale is going to be bad,' as if that's areason for not doing it, as though our majorpurpose is to maintain morale," she says."Well, it is very important to maintain goodmorale. On the other hand, if you felt thatimmediate morale might be disturbed bymaking decisions, then you'd never makeany decisions, either. So what you hope isthat morale is reestablished over time bypeople feeling that they have been part ofthe discussion, part of the decision-even ifthey don't agree with it."And if that's not enough, well so be it. "It'snot a popularity contest," she states. "Atleast, you can't imagine you're going to bepopular all the time."RAY IS LEAVING THEpresidency, but not theinstitution she has served,in varying capacities,since 19,61. It's easy toforget that, in the interim,she served as dean of the College of Artsand Sciences at Northwestern and asprovost at Yale (and 'as acting president for14 months when Kingman Brewster left in 1977), for it is at Chicago that she has lefther most enduring mark. And it is withChicago, she says, that she feels the closestidentity.''The best thing about this University is. that it has remained a place steadfast to itsown purposes, rather than a place that hasbent to various fashions that have from timeto time tilted other institutions one way oranother. And that has something to do withthe strength and tradition here with facultyand students alike. It has remained remark�ably faithful to its own sense of purpose andits unity of purpose. That's something you'llalways see at this University."Will she miss being president? "I don'tthink I will," she says readily, "althoughI can't answer that question until I've actu­ally done it. But after 15 years, it feels likeit's time to go. I certainly would miss theUniversity if I were abandoning the place,but I'll be teaching here in the historydepartment. "She does look forward to having moretime to herself. The president's job is anall-involving one. "You're on-call 24 hoursa day. It's a lot like being a mayor of asmall town. If someone's snow hasn't beenremoved, if someone doesn't like the food,concerned parents-if, for whatever reason,someone needs to talk to you, they do," shesays. Her days begin early and stretch late,often involving nightly appearances onbehalf of the University, both in Chicagoand around the country."I do a little reading in Renaissance his�tory-I read steadily on planes. But I can'tsay I keep up in my field-there's just notthe time. I keep active in a small portion fornow and, starting next year, I'm going toread and read and read."She says this with clear and genuinerelish. There are other kinds of books to beread as well-"no Danielle Steel novels" byher bedside, but piles of classic works frornthe likes of Trollope and Dickens, andbiographies by the satchel-full. There areold movies to watch-she's amassed a videacollection of "Preston Sturges, Hepburn andTracy, Bogart, a couple of westerns." Thereare new movies to see. "I never go. I lik�movies very much, but I just haven't hathe time. I feel like I've missed a whole gen�eration, so now I'll have time to catch up."She likes to cook-not so much time forthat during the past years, more in the nextfew. She likes to spend time at her countryhome in Vermont's Northeast Kingdomregion. And she'll continue to serve on se":eral corporate and foundation boards."Some leaching, some writing, someoutside activity. More time in the country·More time to read," she muses. "It seemslike a very nice mix, don't you think?"Scholars•In astra�gelandvery time someone from the University ofChicago wins a Nobel Prize, the foreignstudent enrollment at the Universityincreases the following year-"and notnecessarily in the field the prize is given,"says Mary C. Martin, director of the University's Office of InternationalAffairs. 9IForeign graduate students make up a small, but growing per-centage of the total population on campus. In 1987-88, for example, theRegistrar's Office reports, there were 896 foreign graduate students, while1,135 foreign grad students' enrolled in the 1992-93 academic year-a26.6 percent increase. In fact, foreign students have always played an importantrole in the University's history: the first Ph.D. degree awarded-at the institu-tion's third convocation in 1893-went to Eiji Asada, a student from japan, forhis work in Semitic languages. 9IToday, graduate students come to the Universityfrom all over the world, with China, Korea, and japan sending the most. Oncehere, foreign students find myriad ways to adjust. Some choose to live in Interna-tional House, now celebrating its 60th anniversary, where 46 percent of the 490residents are foreign graduate students at the U of C. Others find comfort in theprograms offered by the independent Crossroads International Student Center,filling its potluck suppers to capacity each month. 9ILife as a foreign studentBy Debra LadestroPhotography byEugene Zakusilo inevitably means adapting to new things-from new foods to a new language, tonew manners and mores. Four current foreign graduate students give theirimpressions of the place that they, for now, call "home."UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 27aAsliazyiirekSometimes I find thelife very fast here. I'mamazed at the capacityof people to do so manythings. Everybody'sambitious and fast in away that I'm not used to.And they never expressthe fact that they're tiredabout this. They alwaysseem very happy andcalm. There's somethingI don't understand aboutthat.It's been hardest tointerpret what people'sbehavior means, theiractions. For example, Ididn't have any ideahow to manage yourrelationship to' a profes­sor, because the codes inTurkey are totally differ­ent. Here they treat youmore like a friend. Stu­dents address professorsby their name. In Turkeythere's no way you canaddress a professor bycalling them their firstname.I have both American and foreign friends, butI have more Persianfriends or Greek friends-my neighbors, mycountry's neighbors.Something attracts you,you find it easier tounderstand what theymean when they dosomething ....In the States, Marilyn can asks me, "Why doyou have a MarilynMonroe picture on yourwall?"For me, as a woman,I'm not interested in heras a sex symbol, but Ijust liked this picture. Ilike her as a popularimage, not a sexualimage, and I would liketo keep it in my room.Monroe has connota­tions that I didn't knowbefore I came here.Everybody who comesin my room and seesthis photograph, everyAmerican-not foreign­ers, they don't find itstrange-every Ameri-28 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993Byung80SongI have spent a total of11 years in the u.s., nineat the U of C. I met my wife in Korea when Iwas home in betweenmy first and secondyears. We married ayear later.The most difficultthing for me was Eng­lish. Speaking andunderstanding whatothers speak was verydifficult at first and Icouldn't catch a lot ofjokes.Americans are very,very straightforward.In my impression, Americans are less influ­enced-their judgmentis less influenced-byemotion than Koreans.For example, in Korea,suppose you are tryingto get a job. There mightbe some exceptions, butlet's say, even thoughyou are very good, if youmake an impression thatyou are cocky then it'shard to get a job. Ameri­can employers certainlyconsider attitude, but Ithink Koreans pu t moreweight on it. ...On New Year's morn- ing-lunar calendar­the whole family wearstraditional Koreanclothes. Children bow totheir parents and wishthem a good year. Thenthe parents pat the chil­dren on the head andwish them a good year.You have some tea in theafternoon. Also, you eata traditional meal-dukgook, a stew with rice,vegetables, and meat.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 29CharlesMusibaOne of my favoritethings, when it's notraining or snowing out,is to go walking aroundthe lakeshore. llove-­just love--walkingaround the lake. I grewup along the shores ofLake Victoria, so it30 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 reminds me a lot ofhome.I studied in Frankfurtnine years ago as anundergraduate. Then Iwent to Belgium for mymaster's degree ....Each foreigner, comingto the United States, hasbeen pumped with infor­mation about crimes,gang wars, and so on. Soyou hear all this infor­mation, it sticks in yourbrain, and you probablyeven start imagining things. At the beginning,my first week, I wasready for something tohappen. Then you startrealizing, whatever situa­tion, whatever crime,whatever violence thatcould be associated withthe city, it's exactly thesame crime which couldbe associated with anyother city. Crimes hap­pen everywhere--theyhappen in my owncountry.If somebody asks me,would you like to live inChicago forever, theanswer would absolutely be no. I would like tolive in a small-scale city·Living in a big city likeChicago, there are somevalues which get lost. It'seasy to lose touch withothers. Even withinHyde Park, you can livesomewhere and notknow what's happeningfour or five blocks away·This would not be thecase in a small- ormedium-sized city.GustavoLeone Western culture. Theremight be some differ­ences, in the food youeat or the literature youread. But we all, more orless, share the same typeof morality and rules.The first shock Ireceived here was whenI entered the RegensteinLibrary. I realized theThere is a saying inArgentina: "More or lesshouses is the same as mylittle town." We're all thesame. The system, thestructure, how things areorganized, the establish­ment, the preconcep­tions-in the end, weall belong to the same huge difference thatexists between the placeI was coming from-inwhich a book was some­thing very expensive,difficult to get, and youdidn't have any choice­and here, where they'vebeen collecting books fora century.You can buy anybuilding, you can buildanything you want,but a library takes time.I was astonished whenI went through thestacks and sawall thetexts of music that wereused at the beginning ofthe century in Argentina,for example. Theyhave everything. Exactlyeverything.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 317heBy Tim ObermillerPhotograph by Robert Drean some ways, a language islike an organism," saysUniversity of Chicago lin­guistics professor SalikokoMufwene. "It has a life."Because you can say anew language is born, andanother is dead, or dying. "In the course of its "life," one languagemay be declared "standard" or "pure"-whileanother is relegated to the heap of "non­standard" or "inferior." Yet such derisivedesignations do not ensure the eventualdemise of non-standard languages anddialects. Many live on, says Mufwene. Theymay even be spoken in your own home.Mufwene (pronounced Muf-WEIGH-nay)has borne witness to the tenacity of lan­guages that live on the other side of the lin­guistic tracks. Such is the case of Gullah, avernacular originated by African slaves andstill spoken by an estimated 300,000 blackAmericans in the Middle Atlantic coastalregion of the United States. Though it is nottaught in any school system, nor heard onany TV or radio, Gullah remains robustlyalive-a fact that both fascinates anddelights Mufwene."A lot of people think the younger gen­eration doesn't speak Gullah, even thoughthey do. They just don't speak it in theirschools or in -public. They speak it in theirhomes and among friends," he says."There is a myth that has been floatingaround in the [linguistic] literature sincethe late 19th century-that Gullah woulddie soon, with the next generation. And theinteresting thing is that this particulardialect is still kicking-like any other vari­ety that you may consider inferior in anyother community."He punctuates the word "kicking" in thisobservation with a jovial laugh-one thaterupts often in his conversation. On anovercast Wednesday in April, he invites hisguest to take a seat opposite his desk, situ­ated in a smallish office on the third floor of,32 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993Language generations: Mufwene and daughter converse ... but is it Standard English?the Classics Building, with windows over­looking the Midway. Mufwene seems happyto be back at Chicago, where he receivedhis Ph.D. in Iiriguistics in 1979 andreturned to join the faculty in 1991.His office wall displays objects of his affec­tion and attention: a portrait of his four­year-old daughter and maps of the coastalregions where Gullah is spoken. During histen years on the faculty of the University ofGeorgia, Mufwene became recognizedinternationally as an expert on the lan­guage. But he doesn't want to stop there­M ufwene hopes Gullah will serve as aspringboard, drawing him toward moregeneral insights into the intimate inter- actions between language and culture..Once referred to as "the worst English IIIthe world," Gullah was regarded by rnan�early-20th-century scholars as the faileattempt of African slaves to speak theEnglish of their white masters. A. E. Gon�zales, a collector of Gullah folk tales, wrotein 1922: "These Gullahs seized upon thepeasant English used by some of the earlysettlers, wrapped their clumsy to�gue�about it as well as they could, and, ennche.with certain expressive African words� �issued through their flat noses and thIClips as [a] workable form of speech." hOther scholars suggested that Gulla ddeveloped from a kind of "baby talk" use01 LanguagesOur style of speaking among family and friends may sound very different from Standard English.And yet, a University linguist insists, that style is no less valid for expressing who we are.by plantation owners to command theirslaves. Still others thought it was an authen­tic form of English, which could-if prop­erly traced-match word-for-word theEnglish spoken by early white settlers.Lorenzo Turner's Afncanisms in the GullahDialect, published by the U of C Press in1949, advanced the debate by arguingthat Gullah was heavily influenced byAfrican languages. But after that, interestin Gullah's origins died down-c-un tilMufwene brought the question back to thelinguistic forefront."well, I don't know," Mufweneponders when asked howhe fits into current lin­guistic scholarship. "I tendto see myself as a leftist"-he chuckles atthe word-"questioning a lot of preestab­lished concepts. And my background is, ofcourse, different from that of the majority. ICame from a lower socioeconomic back­ground in Africa."Mufwene was born in 1947 in Mbaya­Lareme, Zaire. He grew up speaking adialect of Kiyansi "that was highly stig­matized, because people associated it with aparticular region that was felt to be back­Ward." In school, away from Mbaya­Lareme, Mufwene avoided ridicule byspeaking Zaire's lingua franca, Kituba. Backhome, in his circle of family and friends, heContinued to speak Kiyansi.French remained Zaire's official language,even after the nation declared indepen­dence from Belgium in 1960. Indeed, theindependent government's authoritiesincreased emphasis on French in Zaire'sSchools "because they thought you couldget a better education in French than inYour native language," Mufwene says.Despite this emphasis, few of his class­mates-or his teachers-really masteredFrench.However, the promise that French could"somehow make you better" seduced Mufwene and a school chum, who became"zealous" about learning the language ontheir own. "We would practice constantly,but it was one of those funny situationsbecause the French we spoke was theFrench we learned from books and inclass-so if we made mistakes there was noone to tell us we'd made them."These days, Mufwene counts Frenchamong five languages he speaks fluently.Surprisingly, Gullah doesn't make that list."I understand it but I don't speak it," heexplains. Native speakers "develop a lot ofsuspicion when a stranger learns to speak it,so I have never engaged in a sustained con­versation with a Gullah speaker, because itwould destroy my investigation."Mufwene began his studies in Gullah part­ly out of convenience. After receiving hisPh.D., he studied jamaican Creole for twoyears while teaching at the University of theWest Indies. The move to Georgia madejamaican studies impractical. just up thecoast, however, were Gullah speakers.Mufwene's fieldwork focused on severalislands off the coast of South Carolina. Witha guide who was a member of the com­munity, Mufwene started his research bypassively observing activities at the "joints.""In rural settings, joints are usually old orabandoned houses where people congregatein their leisure time to socialize. It's noisy,and there's a whole lot going on there, soyou have to be a good observer." After sev­eral months, Mufwene felt ready to "gowith my guide to homes and deal withsmaller groups of people."One of the first things that struck Muf­wene was the ability of Gullah speakers toswitch back and forth from Gullah toEnglish, so that "there was really no clearline" between the two languages. "I couldspeak English with them and they wouldunderstand me," says Mufwene. "Theywatch TV programs in English-only, afterwatching TV, they turn to one another andmake a comment in Gullah." Such behavior seemed to contradict thepopular notion that mass-media exposure,along with education, will lead to theextinction of languages like Gullah in aprocess linguists call "decreolization."These linguists predict the influence ofStandard English will wear away Gullah'sdistinct linguistic features-until the twoare indistinguishable. If this was happening,it wasn't noticeable to Mufwene. Gullahwas alive and well-and yet, he noted a dis­comfort, bordering on shame, that manyGullah speakers felt about their mothertongue.Mufwene recalls chatting with the nephewof his guide, who assured Mufwene that theyoungster spoke perfect Gullah. "When Iasked questions about Gullah, he wouldvolunteer very useful information andsometimes explain things better than theguide-but he wouldn't speak Gullah."I asked him why he wouldn't speakGullah with me. And he said, 'Because youare like my teacher. We learn to think ofGullah as bad English. And, in terms of myself-respect, I wouldn't talk Gullah to astranger.'" Why had the boy spoken Gullahwhen Mufwene left the room? "He said,'Because it's more natural to speak Gullahwith the people I was with ... .If I didn't dothat, my peers would treat me as a snob.'"That," says Mufwene, "was one of thebest lessons in the ethnography of commu­nication I have ever taken from anybody."M ufwene says he has far to go inexplaining Gullah's origins­but he thinks, at last, hisresearch points in a promisingdirection.When did Gullah emerge as a new lan­guage variety? It wasn't, Mufwene believes,during the early years of colonization,"when a kind of partnership developedbetween the Europeans and their slaves."Before the emergence of the big plantations,the colonists lived in homesteads, usuallyUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 33with only one or two slaves. Although theyheld different stations, the colonists andslaves worked side by side, and probablyspoke a common language.A change in this dynamic emerged around1720, with the formation of SouthCarolina's huge rice plantations. Until then,Africans had been a minority in the colonialpopulation. On the plantations, however,African slaves outnumbered Europeansnine to one by the end of the 18th century.Mufwene says that one plantation couldhave slaves from many different areas ofAfrica, representing a range of languagesand dialects. Therefore, using the Englishmodel as a lingua franca, both to talk amongthemselves and with their European over­seers, was not an unexpected choice. Theproblem was that access to English, as spo­ken by the colonial Americans, was oftendifficult to come by.The plantation owners, he says, were likeabsentee landlords, leaving their indenturedlaborers to oversee operations, especiallyduring the hot summer. Whether theselaborers spoke native English is question­able. "Some were Irish, some wereScotch ... although the Africans obviouslywouldn't have known the difference. Youknow, you're just dealing with Europeans­if you even get to see one."The plantations brought another change:"The working conditions were so horriblethat a lot of people died," Mufwene says."There were a lot of miscarriages among thewomen, high infant mortality, and lifeexpectancy was very short. So language wascontinually being learned freshly by thenew arrivals" at a time when there wasactually less and less contact with theEuropeans who might serve as English lan­guage models."And that's how Gullah developed," saysMufwene. "Not because there was a group'of people there on the plantations planningto make their own language, but simplybecause there was a group of people tryingto solve a communication problem. And themore they used certain constructions, andthe more those constructions diverged fromthe original English model, the more theywound up with something different."Could that "something different" havebeen the influence of the slaves' own nativeAfrican vernaculars? To answer that,Mufwene examined records to determinethe African origins of the slaves duringGullah's formation. He found that, duringthe height of South Carolina's slave trade, at34 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/]UNE 1993 tollWorlds apart: Weaving nets for a living, this Gullah speaker inhabits a roofless shack.least half the slaves were shipped fromsouthern Africa, where Bantu dialects werespoken. But Mufwene saw very little Bantuin Gullah. Instead, he detected a distinctKwa influence-Kwa being the languagespoken by West Africans, many of whommade up the first wave of slave migrationsto the New World.The reason for that influence, Mufwenebelieves, is that Kwa was simpler to adapt tothe English model than Bantu. For exam­ple, the Bantu verb system is complexenough to make English look "like child'splay" in comparison. "The isolating Kwasystem seems to be more adaptive, becauseit identifies every word separately, in iso­lation-a system that is much closer to theEnglish system." In explaining the possible reasons forKwa's influence on Gullah, biological terrIlssuch as "adaptive" often creep into Muf�wene's sentences. "There are useful coIl�cepts from ecology that we can apply he�e.In genetics, it's not that certain genes, IIIisolation, are more adaptable than othe�genes. It's the interaction of the ecology allthe genes. And, in the case of Gullah, thereis a kind of linguistic ecology that deter�mines which particular linguistic featuresare more adaptive than others."Bantu was "too complex for a contact sitU�ation " Mufwene continues "too difficult tofollo� for people who are �rying to develoP,a new vernacular very, very fast. So the etb�nolinguistic ecology here would havefavored the conversion of the Kwa featureS•rom malagainst the Bantu features. Now, the Bantumay have influenced that particular culturein many other ways, but not from the pointof view of language."Given Gullah's link to African lan­guages, black Americans eager tomake connections with theirAfrican heritage may be tempted tosee Gullah as a "pure" form of what hasbecome known as "African-AmericanEnglish.""I doubt that," Mufwene forthrightlystates. He suspects further investigations(including a textbook on Black English thathe is editing, to be published by RoutledgePress in 1994) will reveal a clearer linkbetween current African-American English tre Aand the vernacular spoken by slaves onVirginia's tobacco plantations and southeastU.s. cotton plantations.Whatever its precise origins, African­American English clearly emerged as a full­blown vernacular in the 20th century, par­ticularly in the period between the twoworld wars, when southern blacks migratedto northern cities in huge numbers, luredby the promise of greater freedom and inte­gration. Instead, Mufwene says, "they foundthemselves segregated. That's the birth ofthe ghettos."And living in those ghettos, not inte­grated in the northern white populations,"they spoke the individual varieties ofSouthern Black English they brought withthem, says Mufwene. A "kind of leveling"between these varieties resulted in the"street" variety of Black English heard innorthern urban ghettos.But does that "street" variety truly deserveto be called "African-American English"?Mufwene doesn't think so-at least notexclusively. "We love to think of African­American English as being so different fromthe rest of American English. But I thinkthere are degrees of difference which varyfrom speaker to speaker. Just as, I think,there's truth to the statement that there areno two Americans who really talk alike."Mufwene believes the huge variety in theway Americans speak, in general, contra­dicts a notion of "Standard" English. Forone thing, no linguist has yet been able toz exactly match a American dialect to one� spoken in England. Even an American� Standard English is hard to define­;:J Mufwene prefers the term "middle-classAmerican English," though there arenumerous varieties of this English, too:New England, Midwestern, Southern, andstill more distinctions of those dialects­dividing further and further the closer onecomes to the individual speaker."The question is, what happened in theUnited States that brought about all thisvariety?" Mufwene asks. For one thing, notall of the u.s. was settled at the same time,or by the same ethnic group. BecauseGullah was formed under more extremeconditions-its speakers were more cut offfrom mainstream American society thanother ethnic groups-its divergence fromStandard English is more radical. ButM ufwene believes all American dialectsshare a common bond."From my point of view, they are all con­tact phenomena." Language contact hap- •eric •pens "when people who speak different lan­guages come to interact with one another,and members of at least one group learn theother's language.""American English is really the result oflanguage contact," he says, "just like so­called African-American English is, just likeGullah is. Except that the values of the vari­ables in whatever equation we are going tocome up with are so different that we windup with many varieties of English. And I'mlooking for that algebraic equation."Given the wide range of American dia­lects, Mufwene wonders why African­American English has been singled out soseverely by sociologists and educators, whoseem to look upon the vernacular as a kindof handicap to those who speak it."If you look at the situation from thepoint of view of the education system, everycitizen in this country should have theopportunity to learn Standard English,"Mufwene concedes. "Because depriving thatcitizen of that right is depriving them ofsome opportunities."On the other hand, says Mufwene, expect­ing "properly educated" Americans simplyto abandon their regional or ethnic vernac­ular once they have learned StandardEnglish is unfair-and unrealistic."I see language varieties more or less likesocial attires. So, for a lot of people in theU.S., it's just a matter of switching languagevarieties in the same way that we wear dif­ferent clothes for different occasions-andAfrican-American English is just as legiti­mate a variety as any other."Mufwene acknowledges that African­American English, or other Americandialects, may not be the appropriate lin­guistic "attire" for particular settings-suchas the corporate world, where white middle­class English is as expected as business suitsand briefcases. But should we, Mufweneasks, expect people who spend most oftheir lives in another type of linguisticcommunity to speak this kind of English?"Does he or she need it? That's a questionthat people should consider."And if a person doesn't need StandardEnglish most of the time in his or her life,and then you come across this person inpublic and the person really can't speak thatStandard English, as we call it, do we haveto castigate that person?"For a man who can recall the ridicule heendured as young boy, speaking his ownmother tongue, the answer to that questionis obvious.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 35lumni ChronicleAlumni board has lull plataWhen Howard Krane,JD'S7, who chairs theUniversity's board of trustees, met forbreakfast with the Alumni Board of Gover­nors during its spring meeting, he prefacedhis report on campus affairs by noting thatit was the second meeting in a row that thealumni board had 100 percent attendance:"That's a record that I wish we couldachieve for our board. "The board's 26 members, headed by Presi­dent Bill Naumann, MBA'7S, quickly madetheir presence count. Over the course of thetwo-day meeting, they worked-throughstanding, advisory, and ad hoc commit­tees-on a number of projects designedboth to provide more services to Universityalumni and to strengthen the relationshipsbetween Chicago and its alumni.Clubs. Reporting on the activities of theboard's standing committee on alumniclubs, Richard L. Bechtolt, PhB'46, AM'SO,said that the clubs staff, along with commit­tee members, had spent much of the yearmeeting with leaders of alumni clubs incities across the country, working to struc­ture the clubs in ways that "best supportthe application of alumni initiatives onbehalf of the University." As a result, clubshave signed "memoranda of understand­ing," outlining both their responsibilitiesand those of the Board of Governors andthe Alumni Association.Campus Programs. The standing com­mittee on campus programs, led by Kather­ine Dusak Miller, AB'6S, MBA'68, PhD'll,focused its attention on how best to deviseprograms that would encourage alumni toreturn to campus. To this end, the commit­tee organized several focus groups in whichalumni discussed what they liked and didn'tlike about current reunions. Among theresulting recommendations that the com­mittee made to the Alumni Relations staff:expand the current use of affinityreunions-whether of residence houses,theatrical groups, or other extracurricularaffiliations.Educational Services. David M. Terman,AB'SS, SB'S6, MO'S9, chair of the standingcommittee on educational services,reported on plans to revamp the methodsused for evaluating the Alumni Associa­tion's travel programs, both to ensure36 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993alumni satisfaction and to get a better ideaof the kinds of trips that have appeal.Terman also reported on the committee'sratification of a closer working relationshipbetween the educational services programand the University's Center for ContinuingStudies, with more joint programs planned.Universtty of Chicago Magazine. Thealumni magazine, reported Michael J. Klin­gensmith, AB'7S, MBA'76, who chairs theMagazine's advisory committee, is in theprocess of conducting several reader sur­veys--one after the February/93 issue and asecond following the June/93 issue-todetermine how effective the University ofChicago Magazine is in meeting alumnineeds and expectations.College Student Recruitment. StephanieAbeshouse Wallis, AB'67, reported that therecruitment advisory committee, workingwith Theodore A. O'Neill, AM'70, dean ofCollege Admissions, had developed a pilotprogram to contact on-the-fence prospec­tive students in an effort to persuade themto choose the U of C. The program will userecent graduates to contact the students,with older alumni called in to meet withtheir parents. Robert F. Levey, AB'66, isleading the Washington, D.C.-based pilotproject.Development. Jack Carlson, AB'40, whochairs the development advisory commit­tee, presented a resolution outlining therole that alumni board members shouldplay in University fund-raising. The resolu­tion-which requires board members to beknowledgeable about the University's fund­raising objectives and priorities, to encour­age philanthrophy among their fellowalumni, to set an example by giving as theyare able to University campaigns, and toparticipate as volunteers in those fund-rais­ing efforts-was unanimously approved bythe board.Ad hoc Plans. In addition, three ad hoccommittees of the board began work onseveral projects that should have increasingimpact on alumni life: how best to use theUniversity of Chicago Graduate School ofBusiness Downtown Center, now underconstruction, for alumni needs; how best tocreate an alumni gateway to the campus;and plans to develop a variety of career-sup­port services for alumni. Gray honorad by boardJoining the Alumni Board of Governors fordinner in Goodspeed Hall was outgoingUniversity President Hanna Holborn Gray.The board presented Gray-whose presi­dency has included a number of stepSdesigned to strengthen the role of alumni inthe University community-with a token ofits appreciation: a crystal bowl engravedwith the Midway skyline.On and off tha boardAt the April meeting of the Alumni Board ofGovernors, three alumni were elected totwo-year (july 1, 1993-June 30, 1995)terms on the board. From a group of morethan 100 candidates suggested by alumniaround the country, the board's nominatingcommittee selected a slate of nine nomi-nees-chosen on the basis of prior serviceto the University and such factors as age,race, sex, place of residence, and academicdegree-in an effort to assure a board thatis as fully representative of the alumni pop­ulation as possible. (A complete listing ofthe board's membership appears on theMagazine's masthead, page 2).The three new board members are:TrinaNewstein Frankel, AB'64, of Short Hills,N.J.; Patricia Doede Klowden, AB'67, ofSanta Monica, Calif.; and Peter O. Vander­voort, AB'S4, SM'SS, SM'S6, PhD'60, ofChicago.Also at the meeting, the Alumni Associa­tion recognized the four departing membersof the board for their contributions. Theyare: William H. Hammett, AM'll; KennethC. Levin, AB'68, MBA'74; John D. Lyon,AB'SS, past president; and StephanieAbeshouse Wallis, AB'67.Studant Alumni nawsIn February, the Student Alumni Associa­tion elected new officers. Replacing gradu­ating fourth-year David Zwarycz aspresident are two co-presidents: DreWSword and Sarah Wiehe, both rising fourth­year students in the College.Both Sword (a history, philosophy, andsocial studies of sciences and medicinemajor from Adrian, Michigan) and Wie�e(a biology and economics major from IndI­anapolis) have been active in a new S�initiative called the Student! Alumni Bruncprogram, successfully organizing fiv�brunches so far. In the program, Hyde paralumni opened their homes to studentS,inviting five to eight students to brunch.Interested Chicago-area alumni chould con�Ill'tact Jesse Amezaga, AB'91, at the AlumAssociation office, 3121702-2174.lass News"No news is good news" is one cliche to whichWe do not subscribe at the Magazine. Please sendsome of your news to the Class News Editor, Uni­versity of Chicago Magazine, 5757 Woodlawn Ave.,Chicago, IL 60637. No engagements, please, Itemsmay be edited for space.25 Helen Ullman Bibas, PhB'25, who justturned 90 in Chicago, writes, "Some of myhappiest memories are still those spent at the Uni­versity of Chicago, getting a super education andwatching Jay Berwanger, AB'36, and his prowess onthe football field, while falling in love with EdgarBibas, PhB'24, whom I married and lived happilyWith for 50 years and two months." Felix F.Caruso, SB'25, is "healthy and happy" in Hinsdale,IL, and looking forward to another summer of golfWith his son and two grandsons.28 Allan A. Filek, SB'28, MD'33, who retiredas medical director of a Sun City, AI, nurs­ing home in November, is still working at a plasmadonor center. He is also treasurer of both the Physi­cians Club and the Harmony Organ Club-"thelargest organ club in the world." Several alumnihave responded to Florence Gosch Odenweller,X'28, and her query in the ApriV93 "Class News"about members of the classes of 1927 and 1928 whoare still alive: Albert W. Gordon, PhB'28, is doingwell in River Forest, IL, and Estelle Rochells Green­berg, PhB'28, is an active volunteer at St. AgnesHospital in Fresno, CA. She and her husband, RabbiDaniel L Greenberg, are celebrating their 62ndwedding anniversary on June 28. Allan M. Wolf,PhB'28, JD'30, the Class of 1930 Law School corre­spondent, writes that, at last count, there were 33members of their class still around, 18 of whomreceived their Ph.B. degrees in 1928. He adds, "Ican't guarantee their physical condition, but at our60th reunion in 1990, they appeared to be in rea­Sonably good shape."29 Laura Kyes McCrory, PhB'29, of Fargo,ND, has had five tongue/mouth operationsfor cancer, but reports that she is doing well. She'sVery happy about the birth of her great-grandson,Timothy Jackson McCrory, born June 24, 1992.31 Arthur Ripley Cahill, PhB'31, is living inBranson, MO. When he lived there as a child,the town had two automobiles-now, because ofthe country music expansion there, Branson hasOver five million visitors a year. Cahill was formerlytreasurer of Montgomery Ward and, later, vice pres­ident of finance at Brunswick Corporation. Heplayed baseball (catcher) and basketball from 1929Until 1931-including a trip to Tokyo in 1930 toplay baseball. Tatsuji Takeuchi, PhD'31, is nowliVing in Japan and writing a memoir about the tenyears he spent at U.S. schools, from 1921 to 1931.33 Vernon P. Jaeger, X'33, is 86 and living in aPortland, OR, retirement home. Pastoremeritus of Mountain Park Church in LakeOswego, he's an active volunteer, serving as trea­sUrer of Disabled American Veterans and chair ofthe local Federated Veterans Council.34 Paul M. Cliver, Jr., SB'34, a member of theDaytona Beach (FL) historic preservationboard, also serves as a polling deputy with the Volu­sia County sheriff's department during elections and on various committees at the condo building wherehe and Mary Ellison Cliver, PhB'34, AM'75, havelived since 1975. Joseph R. Shapiro, X'34, a retiredlawyer and realtor who began collecting art with hiswife, Margaret (lory), in the 1940s, is a life trustee,distinguished benefactor, honorary governingmember, and sustaining fellow at the Art Institute ofChicago, as well as a member of the U of Cs visitingcommittee to the humanities division.In November and December, Irving M. Wolfe,PhB'34, of Pomona, CA, had "the very excitingexperience" of being a driver in the Pastors forPeace "Priendshipment" caravan to Cuba. The goalwas to defy a U.S. embargo and travel ban on Cubaor, at least, increase public awareness of the bans.The caravan succeeded in taking prohibited goodssuch as wheelchairs, bicycles, Bibles, powderedmilk, and. school supplies into Cuba with "the fullknowledge of the government after an initial con­frontation at the border." He notes that the U.N.subsequently voted to condemn the embargo.35 William L Curtis, MD'35, lives at CovenantShores Retirement Home on Lake Washing­ton in Seattle. He enjoys music, art, and boating.36 Harold S. Bauer, X'36, volunteers with theLos Angeles public library and an adult lit­eracy program. Stanley W. Marion, X'36, is retiredfrom active law practice, but continues to counselthe poor on a pro bono basis. Busy with local civicand fraternal organizations, he also travels inAlaska, Canada, and the western and southern U.S.He is proud that one of his granddaughterswas accepted by the U of C as an undergraduatetransfer student. Aldana Sorensen Perez, AB'36,who received her master's in speech pathology fromSouth Connecticut State University after raising afamily of four, worked for the Connecticut StateBoard of Education for 17 years; since retiring, shedoes volunteer work. Edith McCarthy Spencer,SB'36, see 1943, Robert C. Spencer.37 This past year Dena Polacheck Epstein,AB'3 7, was a consultant to the Library ofCongress, surveying its music division fora guide tothe library'S collections of African-American historyand culture. She was also on the faculty of the T en­nessee Banjo Institute, teaching banjo history. Sur­viving the Clinton/Democratic election sweep,Helen Shiffman Harshbarger, AB'37, of Plainfield,IL, was reelected circuit clerk for Will County inNovember while other Republican county-wideincumbents lost. During Hurricane Andrew, herdaughter and son-in-law lost practically everythingin their house near Homestead Air Force Base-butweren't injured.John Godfrey Morris, AB'37, is living in Paris andworking on his autobiography. Frances DuncanPayne, AB'37, of Lebanon, IN, has been in contactwith: Pearl Foster Philip, AB'34, of Midland, MI;Cecil Wolfe Yocum, AB'37, of Indianapolis, IN;Kathryn Coolman Henderson, X'38, of GreenValley, AI; Ruby Howell Williams, AB'37, MBA'38,of Alexandria, VA; and Eleanor Sharts Cumings,AB'36, of Evanston, IL Edward Shils, X'37, see1944, Betty Everett Hewitt.38 Robert B. Anderson, Jr., AB'38, of SanClemente, CA, plans to be in Chicago forhis 55th reunion this month. Alfred H. Court III, AB'38, writes of his "personal Tale of Two Cities inthe past year-October in still-glorious Prague,November in Singapore now with rich dazzlereplacing British colonial ambiance." Floyd K. Haas,AB'38, writes, "The big news is I'm still among theliving!" Mary Walter Woodrich, AB'38, works oncreative writing with schoolchildren in Cleveland;her book, The Christmas Tree Ride, was publishedby Holiday House. Bruce A. Young, AB'38, AM'40,occasionally edits manuscripts for several clients,including the U of C Press. He and his wife nowdivide their time between Michigan and their 2-year-old "tree house" in Cedar Key, FL39 Margaret Merrifield Clark, AB'39, of EstesPark, CO, has taken two trips sponsored bythe U of C: in 1991 she went by boat to Baffin Bay,Greenland, and Canada's Northwest Territory; in Sep­tember she traveled by boat up the Columbia andSnake rivers to Hell's Canyon-also on the trip wasclassmate Jane Hoffer Seaborg, AB'39, of Brevard, NC.40 w. James Atkins, Jr., AB'40, was pleased tosee so many friends at the 1992 reunion,and sends his hellos. Seymour K. Coburn, SB'40,continues his career as an independent consultantwith Corrosion Consulting in Pittsburgh. Herecently served as an expert witness for the Cana­dian Coast Guard, based on work he did in 1958.John F. Culp III, SB'40, permanently relocated toSalzburg, Austria, in 1990. It's a "safe haven-youcan walk the streets 24 hours a day and there's nostreet crime," he proclaims. "The country has agreat infrastructure and a new conservative govern­ment-no Clinton!" He married Erika WiefangWang in September 1991.Elise Byfield Gilden, AB'40, of Tucson, AI, notes,"It's interesting that all three of my daughters andmyself are involved professionally in aspects of edu­cation and/or mental heath." Bundhit Kantabutra,MBA'40, and his wife, Prapa, are now fully retired inBangkok, Thailand; Bundhit spends "half of everyday of the year on various golf courses." They cele­brated their 50th anniversary this past August. BenS. Meeker, AM'40, and Mila Glaser-Skalny Meeker,AM'59, are enjoying life in Hyde Park's Mont­gomery Place, partly because there are other retiredUniversity alumni and faculty there. Natalie ClyneReid, AB'40, and her husband, Charles, of Kailua,HI, celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary withfriends and family in February.41 Robert Owen Evans, AB'41, professor emeri­tus of the University of New Mexico, has anarticle, "Sybille Bedford: A Paradise of DaintyDevices," in the recently published ContemporaryBritish Women Novelists: Texts and Strategies. JosephB. Gittler, PhD'41, visiting professor of SOCiology atDuke University, is editor and author of the AnnualReview of Conflict Knowledge and Conflict Resolution.Angeline Cocco Sutherland, MBA'41, volunteers at aDes Moines, lA, library and a local elementary school.42 Retired from the Foreign Service, WilliamA. Chapin, AB'42, now lives in Gore, VA.Ronald F. Crane, AB'42, AM'47, retired in Januaryand is looking forward to becoming reacquaintedwith old College friends. Hisaddress is 5100County Road I, Oshkosh, WI 54901. Brad H. Pat­terson, AB'42, AM'43, of Bethesda, MD, recentlyreturned from a trek in the Himalayas, climbing to18,000 feet to get a good view of Mt. Everest. Heand Shirley DoBos Patterson, SB'43, also joined asafari to photograph polar bears in Hudson Bay.Harold K. Ticho, SB'42, SM'44, PhD'49, recentlyretired as vice chancellor of the University of Cali­fornia, San Diego.43 John A. Donaho, AM'43, lives in Reisters­town and is the State of Maryland's insur­ance commissioner. Shirley DoBos Patterson,SB'43;' see 1942, Brad H. Patterson. Robert C.Spencer, AB'43, AM'52, PhD'55, and EdithUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 37McCarthy Spencer, SB'36, of Bozeman, MT, write,"Except for flu and the common cold we are ingood health. Three of the clever grandchildren andfamily are in nearby Willow Creek-the others infour other states." Robert teaches part time at Mon­tana State, and spends weekends working on hisson's ranch. He adds, "I'm an unpublished authorityon ranch gates, fencing, and calving!"44 Betty Everett Hewitt, PhB'44, and CharlesH. Hewitt, AM'49, are the proud grandpar­ents of Samuel Ben Shils, born September 29, 1992;his other grandfather is Edward Shils, X'3 7, profes­sor emeritus in the Committee on Social Thought.Anna Shaefer Leopold, PhB'44, AM'62, see 1948,Louis E. Leopold, Jr.Elizabeth Watson-Golden, PhB'44, who workswith her husband, Seymour, in his business, alsoattends alumni classes at Northwestern and exerciseclasses at Multiplex in Chicago. The couple feels"especially fortunate" in having two sons who areM.D.s-one a psychiatrist in the Boston area andone in internal medicine at Northwestern MemorialHospital. Muriel Braxton Wilson, X'44, gave a pre­sentation at the Illinois State Historical Society'sDecember symposium on "Activities of Chicago'SEarly African-American Churches."45 Louise Howson Hansman, X'45, commendsthe San Francisco Bay Area alumni groupfor providing interesting programs. Lois WellsReed, SB'45, SM'51, of Oak Park, IL, bought a villain the Scandia Retirement Center at Sister Bay, WI,this past summer-she "may never retire there, butit is a wonderful place to get away from the mad­dening crowds if one stays off Route 42." Happilyretired, Thomas T. Tourlentes, SB'45, MD'47, isbusier than ever with advisory roles and committeesin Peoria, IL.46 Evelyn Crary Bacon, SM'46, and FranklinBacon, AM'50, both worked in higher edu­cation until 1981. They now live in a retirementcommunity where there are several other U of Calumni. Lucy M. Chen, AM'46, see 1984, JeanTsien. Barbara Rohrke Gudmundson, X'46, spentMay to September 1992 in Reykjavik, Iceland, com­pleting her Fulbright Senior Research project: set­ting up a diatom herbarium in Iceland's NationalMuseum of Natural History. Joseph R. Gusfield,PhB'46, AM'49, PhD'54, retired in June 1991 as pro­fessor of SOciology at the University of California,San Diego. His wife, Irma Geller Gusfield, PhB'46,retired at the same time as a medical social workerat Children's Hospital in San Diego.Rafael Yalkovsky, SB'46, SM'55, PhD'56, professoremeritus of geology and oceanography at SUNY,Buffalo, was accredited to the press corps at Expo'92in Seville, Spain-as he had been a number of timesbefore to the United Nations in New York andGeneva. He celebrated his 75th birthday in Nice andagain in Dublin, Amsterdam, and Copenhagen; ear­lier in the year he read nine of his poems at a meet­ing in San Francisco; and "except for the month ofAugust, he had a lousy sailing season. But by allodds he still sits serenely at the table of the Gods."47 David S. Dennis, Sr., AB'47, retired fromIBM in 1991 after 35+ years. He now enjoystravel, his grandchildren, fishing in the New YorkCity reservoir system, and tracing his family history.HerbertJ. Gans, PhB'47, AM'50, the Robert S. Lyndprofessor of SOCiology at Columbia University,received the 1992 Robert and Helen Lynd award for"lifetime contributions to research" from the Ameri­can SOciological Association's community andurban sociology section.H. Robert Gemmer, DB'47, and his wife, Myrna,went on three cruises this past summer: a workingmail-boat trip along Norway's coast; down Mexico'scoast with friends from the International Conven­tion of Christian Churches; and a cruise stopping at38 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993Honduras, Belize, and Mexico on the Ukrainianship Gruszia with friends. Robert also received asenior citizens' volunteer award for his years ofsocial action in St. Petersburg, FL.48 Brunhilde Metlay Goodman, AM'48, see1984, David A. Goodman. BernardGordon, AM'48, retired from the City of Chicago'Sdepartment of finance in July 1989. He is enjoyinglife at 2400 North Lakeview Avenue, #1103,Chicago, IL 60614, and would like to hear from Uof C friends. Louis E. Leopold, Jr., X'48, and AnnaShaefer Leopold, PhB'44, AM'62, of Altoona, PA,are the coeditors of Heritage Forum, a newsletter ofthe Pennsylvania State Heritage Parks.Jane A. Simmons, AB'48, is a college counselor atMaine Township High School East in Park Ridge,IL. Ruth Goodman Waskey, MBA'48, works fulltime for the Florida Department of Education'schild care food program. Beginning with the 1992-93 academic year, William J. Wolfe, AB'48, hasestablished four annual endowment scholarships formusic students at the University of Arizona. JulianZhou, AM'48, see 1984, Jean Tsien.49 Doris Mudgett Diemer, AM'49, see 1952,William D. Diemer. Mary M. Gleason,AB'49, vice president of sales at Marriott's French­man's Reef Beach Resort at St. Thomas, U.S. VirginIslands, has traveled to Argentina, Brazil, Tokyo,London, South Africa, New York, Chicago, Miami,and Atlanta in the past year. Charles H. Hewitt,AM'49, see 1944, Betty Everett Hewitt.Alan W. Johnson, SB'49, MBA'66, is president ofJohnson Hershey Corporation, a business valuationfirm specializing in litigation support in San Rafael,CA. Although Ramon Mendez-Perez, MBA'49, soldthe family business to his nephew and retired, he isbusier than ever doing philanthropic work. HowardS. Powell, Jr., AB'49, see 1982, Jayleen R. Powell.Philip W. Stetson, AM'49, is living in the "amazingtenth arrondissement of Paris and, after four years,still finding new aspects of its life and character."50 Franklin Bacon, AM'50, see 1946, EvelynCrary Bacon. Charles Leslie, AM'50,PhD'59, professor of anthropology at the Universityof Delaware, received the American AnthropologicalAssociation's 1992 distinguished service award atthe association's annual meeting in San Francisco.Lewis P. Lipsitt, AB'50, has returned to Brown Uni­versity'S faculty following a two-year leave duringwhich he was executive director for science at theAmerican Psychological Association in Washington,DC. Current president of the Eastern PsychologicalAssociation, he studies "behavioral misadventures"which, he says, now kill and debilitate more youngpeople in the U.S. than all diseases combined.Lynn H. Nelson, AB'50, has been a professor ofmedieval history at the University of Kansas for 30years. Fred L. Ribe, SM'50, PhD'51, has retired fromthe University of Washington, where he is now pro­fessor emeritus of nuclear engineering. He and hiswife, Mally, are living in Santa Fe, near old friendsat Los Alamos, where Fred worked from 1951 to1977. Lennart N. Thunstrom, PhB'50, is remarriedto Margaret Edwards and working for Edwards'Bridgeton, MO, realty company.Gregory Votaw, AM'50, is the principal author of"Environment and Development: A Pacific IslandPerspective," a synthesis of island nations' reportsprepared for UNCED. Bernard Wax, AB'50, AM'55,see 1951, Gerald H. Brody. Alice HermansonWhite, AM'50, retired after private practice and 16years as a California state attorney, lives in Sacra­mento. Ralph E. Yingst, AB'50, professor emeritusat Youngstown State University, retired in June after28 years with its chemistry department.51 Richard C. Bardot, AM'51, retired in June1991 after 30 years of teaching English litera­ture and composition at the US. Merchant Marine Academy in King's Point, NY. Gerald H. Brody,AB'51, deputy program manager at Raytheon com­pany in Framingham, MA, attended the retirementparty for Bernard Wax, AB'50, AM'55, now directoremeritus of the American Jewish Historical Society.Virginia B. Longest, AM'51, has moved to the LifeCare Retirement Center at Ashbury Village inGaithersburg, MD, "a wonderful place for retiredseniors." Jewel Jones Maher, PhB'51, retired after32 years as an examiner with the National LaborRelations Board, and now lives in Duluth, MN.Morton L. Schagrin, AB'51, SB'52, AM'53, professorof philosophy at SUNY, Fredonia, is serving asinterim dean until he can return to China. Albert C.Svoboda, Jr., AB'51, SB'55, MD'58, secretary of theAmerican College of Gastroenterology, is coordina­tor of the tenth World Congress of Gastroenterology.52 Purnell H. Benson, PhD'52, was erro­neously listed as deceased in the Octo­ber/92 issue, for which the Magazine apologizes. Beand his wife are happily retired and living in Tulsa,OK. Ivan T. Brown, AM'52, recently returned to theU.S. from Ghana, where he had worked with theWycliffe Bible Translators for the previous 15 years.William D. Diemer, AM'52, and Doris MudgettDiemer, AM'49, retired in 1990 and moved toDavis, CA, "a university town which is as close toHyde Park in the 1950s as the West Coast has tooffer, with its thriving cultural and intellectual life."Margaret Hammond, AB'52, AM'73, a Londonerfor eight years, is deputy chair of the Society for the(planned) Meridian Planetarium at Greenwich­which they hope to build in the next few years.After a long career in manufacturing, John f.Stedje, MBA'52, has started his own consultingbusiness in Pittsburgh. Charles T. Sweeny, X'52,MBA'65, is a consultant with Kaiser Medical Centerin San Francisco, and enthuses: "Kaiser is mar­velous. Quality, scope, price are all advantageous forthe patient-and all without the government."53 Philippa Pololsky Nasatir, AB'53, an attOr­ney in Toledo, OH, also sings in church andconcert choirs-"the legacy of Vikstrom and theRockefeller Chapel Choir."54 Moreen Crumley Jordan, PhD'54, retired in1988 after 40 years of teaching English­the last 36 at the University of Illinois, Chicago­and is living in Glenview, IL, with her husband,William D. Jordan, X'87, whom she met in the U ofC English department. Clyde C. Smith, DB' 54,AM'61, PhD'68, professor emeritus of ancient hiS­tory and religions at the University of Wisconsin�River Falls, has been named visiting professor inreligious studies at the University of Newcastle­upon- Tyne, England. His wife, Ellen GormsenSmith, X'57, will "share the pleasures of theappointment and life in Newcastle-upon-Tyne."55 Sydney K. Brownstein, PhD'55, a retiredresearch officer at the National ResearchCouncil of Canada, has opened his own businesS,Brownstein Consultants. Jacob B. Michaelse�,AB'55, AB'57, MBA'58, PhD'61, is professor emeI1-tus at the University of California, Santa Cruz.d5& James S. Kahn, PhD'56, president andirector of Chicago'S Museum of Science&. Industry, sends news of his sons: Douglas J-.Kahn, SM'81, MBA'88, is a financial analyst withHewlett Packard in Roseville, CA, and Randall S·Kahn, MBA'91, is a financial analyst with DaiwaNew York. Janet Lippincott Kneale, AB'56,MAT'56, married Avinere Toigo in July 199:'Both are now retired from teaching and living InCoon Rapids, MN.57 Thomas W. Bolland, MBA'57, PhD'66Jreports that his oldest son has graduate.with a master's degree in journalism from Ohio Vnl-versity's Scripps School of Journalism. Ellen GoJ1ll­sen Smith, X'57, see 1954, Clyde C. Smith.58 David W. Fox, MBA'58, president, CEO,and a director of Northern Trust Corpora­tion, received the American Jewish Committee'scivic leadership award at a May 4 dinner in Chicago.Herman E. Kattlove, SB'58, MD'62, and RoseWeiner Kattlove, AB'60, established a scholarshipfund at the College in 1991. Donald T. Krizek,SM'58, PhD'64, a plant physiologist at the USDA cli­mate stress laboratory, is president of the Beltsville(MD) Rotary Club. Leo G. Shea, MBA'58, vice pres­ident of operations at Kughn Enterprises in Bloom­field Hills, MI, received the 1992 President's awardfrom the American Institute of Architects, Michigan.59 Mila Glaser-Skalny Meeker, AM'59, see1940, Ben S. Meeker. This past fall, RichardH. Timberlake, Jr., PhD'59, retired professor ofbusiness at the University of Georgia, ran as a Liber­tarian Party candidate for a seat on a local countycommission in Georgia, losing 64-36.80 Harry M. Greenwood III, AB'60, his family,and their house survived Hurricane Iniki onthe island of Kauai, HI. Rose Weiner Kattlove,AB'60, see 1958, Herman E. Kattlove. Hugh S. Plun­kett, AB'60, AM'64, will complete his assignment inNepal and transfer to Washington this summer towork in the Latin America and Caribbean bureau ofAlD. He will concentrate on making developmentbureaucracies work more effectively, as well asmaking the U.S. foreign assistance strategy moreresponsive to rapidly changing global conditions.82 Frederick M. Miller, SB'62, president of theColorado Psychiatric Society, completed 17years of service on the grievance committee of theColorado Supreme Court in December. Frank F.Ober, JD'62, recently merged his law firm, Ober,Moore, Thorburn &: Noren, with the Bridgeport,CT, firm of Brody &: Brody; the firm will practiceunder the new name of Brody &: Ober. Robert D.Unferth, AB'62, MBA'64, now owns Computer forRent, with offices in Phoenix; Tucson, AZ; SanDiego; Annaheim, CA; and Albuquerque, NM.Doris Moss Williams, AM'62, who retired from thefaculty at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa,after 24 years, is now dean of Grambling State Uni­versity's School of Social Work.83 Beverley C. Compton, Jr., MBA'63, is anaccount executive with Kidder, Peabody &:Company in Baltimore. Daniel A. Levine, SB'63,SM'64, has been promoted from "black belt neurol­ogist third dan to fourth dan." He continues toteach medicine at both USC and UCLA-"scrupu­lously avoiding a conflict of interest by never watch­ing football or basketball." William L. Richter,AM'63, PhD'68, head of Kansas State University'sPOlitical science department, also serves as interimassistant provost for international programs.William R. Sloan, SB'63, MD'67, and Judy Beck­ener Sloan, AB'67, have moved to Laguna Beach,CA, where Judy is a professor of law and chair ofthe speakers program at Southwestern University,and William is a clinical assistant professor at theUniversity of California, Irvine, Medical School.DAI Hal R. Lieberman, AB'64, chief counsel of.... the New York Supreme Court's departmentdisciplining committee, will compete on the U.S.Maccabiah men's masters track and field team,sPonsored by the u.s. Committee Sports for Israel,at the 14th World Maccabiah Games in Israel nextmonth. Bonnie Bloch Wolfe, AB'64, AM'67, is aPsychoanalyst practicing in Santa Monica, CA. Herson, Jesse, graduated from the University of Califor­nia, Berkeley, and is teaching English in Japan; herdaughter, Rachel, is enrolled in the theater depart­ment at UCLA.DR! Clifford L. Johnson, JD'65, is vice presidentViI and general counsel of General Dynamicsland Systems in Michigan. Felice J. Levine, AB'65,AM'70, PhD'79, executive director of the American The Jazz PlayerRichard Wang has beensharing the music he loveswith Chicago for more than50 years-as performer,teacher, and impresario.Fifteen years after starting theChicago Jazz Festival in 1979,Richard Wang, X'65, and othermembers of the Jazz Institute of Chicagostill have no problem coming up with ideasfor the next festival--or, for that matter, allfuture festivals. "We dream these dreamsand we say, 'What if we were to do this,what if we were to do that, what if we wereto put this guy with that guy-they haven'tplayed together in ten years,'" says Wang."The people who plan these festivalshave been listening to jazz since they werekids and they carry this history around intheir heads all the time," he continues."So we have all kinds of ideas aboutputting people and bands and stylestogether in ways that are not representedon the commercial stage."The fact that the Chicago Jazz Festival isnot a commercial venue is perhaps itsmost defining feature. Many of the100,000-150,000 music lovers whostream into the Grant Park festival everysummer would not be there if they werecharged the same high admissions as atcomparable festivals. The festival is alsospecial, says Wang, because it is able tobypass booking agents and create a showthat takes chances, without revenues asthe bottom line.The festival is programmed each year bya committee of the Jazz Institute ofChicago, which Wang helped revive in1974 after five years of dormancy. TheInstitute arranges concerts, collectsarchival materials, and offers educationalprograms-all designed to increase aware­ness and appreciation for jazz, and ofChicago'S unique role in its history."Chicago is like a living museum ofjazz," Wang says. "You can go to clubsalmost any night and hear jazz in any ofthe important styles-and that's amazing.Maybe you could do that in New York.You can't do it in New Orleans or KansasCity. But you can do it here."In fact, Wang grew up in Chicago. A trum­pet player since age 9, he was trained classi­cally but discovered a different music in hishigh school jazz band. "High schools in the Forties didn't teach jazz; we were very luckyto have a band director who knew some­thing about the music at all."Playing in bands small and large, inChicago and across the country, occupiedWang's time until the early Sixties, when hebegan studies in the U of Cs music depart­ment. He chose historical musicology andmusic theory because 'Jazz was still a closetsubject in music departments-it hadn'tbecome accepted in academia."Now it has, thanks to what Wang calls agrowing realization that jazz is a"uniquely American music." And Wangcan spend his days doing what he neverthought would be possible-teaching jazz.Associate professor of music and directorof jazz ensembles at the University of Illi­nois, Chicago, he teaches jazz history andliterature, theory and improvisation, andseminars on Chicago jazz. Chair of theexecutive committee of the Chicago JazzArchives at the University of Chicago, hehas also taught at the U of C and North­western University.But it is with the Chicago Jazz Festivalthat Richard Wang and jazz have madetheir most beautiful music. A crowningmoment of glory was realized in 1990,when the late Charles Mingus' Epitaphwas performed at the Festival. This piecewas scattered among several hundred,seemingly unconnected manuscript pages.It was only through painstaking and time­consuming effort after Mingus' death thatresearchers discovered the common musi­cal thread joining these disparate frag­ments into one large-scale piece of music.When he learned of the resurrectedpiece, Wang lobbied hard to bring it toChicago'S stage. He succeeded, and pro­duced the hour-long, 32-musician perfor­mance. He remembers: "That was one ofthe great moments-there's no substitutefor a live performance. The vitality andimmediacy of the music just comes right atyou across the stage. And that's what theChicago Jazz Festival is allabout."-M.T.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 39Sociological Association, would welcome hearingfrom U of C sociology alumni-her address is 1722N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036. Glenn E.Loafmann, AB'65, pastor of the Community Churchof Barrington, IL, writes, "I'm getting lots of mileageout of having actually had a class from NormanMaclean!" Fernando Ugarte, MD'65, has joined theCommunity Physicians Clinic in Marysville, KS, asa general surgeon.66 Robert E. Craig, MBA'66, has just startedmaking wine under his own label, "MesAmis"-two GSB friends, Michael E. Nugent,MBA'66, and Derek T. Ruston, MBA'66, are part­ners. Jean-Emile Denis, MBA'66, is a professor ofbusiness economics at the University of Geneva.James T. Miller, AM'66, is the pastor of AldersgateUnited Methodist Church in San.Antonio, TX.David H. Rosenbloom, AM'66, PhD'69, professorof public administration at American University,was appointed to Clinton's presidential transitionteam in the government operations cluster. He wasassigned to a group analyzing the u.s. office of per­sonnel management. Patrtcia Cannon Willis,AM'66, PhD'l2, is curator of American literature atthe Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library,Yale University.67 Donald H. Carlisle, MBA'67, is a partner atConnor, Clark &: Company, an investmentfirm in Toronto. Following her resignation in Janu­ary as director of presidential personnel for the BushAdministration, Constance McNeely Horner,AM'67, joined the Brookings Institution as a guestscholar. She will work with others on a study ofchanging incentives for public service.Ellen Maeda Janka, AB'67, was awarded the 1992Edward J. Baier technical achievement award fromthe American Industrial Hygiene Association at itsBoston national conference this past June. Unfortu­nately, Ellen writes, she had to share the $1,000award and engraved plaque with five other namedawardees and the 400 members of the Chicago localsection of AIHA. Fred Mandell, AM'67, PhD'72 , abusiness executive at IDS Financial Services inBoston, will play on the U.S. Maccabiah men's bas­ketball team. The team, sponsored by the U.S. Com­mittee Sports for Israel, will compete in the 14thWorld Maccabiah Games in Israel next month. JudyBeckener Sloan, AB'67, see 1963, William R. Sloan.Debra Ruth Wolin, AB'67, is an associate with theNew York law firm ofWeg &: Myers, specializing infirst-party insurance claims.68 Carol Axelrod, AB'68, was co-chair of anApril conference in Boston for humanresources executives on "Work/Life Issues: Strate­gies for the Future." Keith R. Ballantine, MA 1'68,teaches physics, chemistry, and computer science atthe Department of Defense Dependents School inBrindisi, Italy. Carol Prior Eastin, MBA'68, lives inSeattle where she is vice president for StarbucksCoffee Company. Philip M. Giraldi, AB'68, left theCIA after 16 years of overseas service and is nowvice president for international operations at theGuidry Group, a Houston-based security company.Mark V. Johnston, AB'68, director of outcomeresearch at the Kessler Institute in northern NewJersey, recently chaired a group which wrote "Mea­surement Standards for Interdisciplinary MedicalRehabilitation," published in the December 1992Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.Margaret Kirkwood Philipsborn, AM'68, has beenthe European correspondent for the National Strat­egy Forum of Chicago since moving to London tenyears ago.69 Mark H. Falstein, AB'69, and his wife,Megan T. Campbell, of San Francisco, had ason, Seth Campbell Falstein, this past November.Elliot]. Feldman, AB'69, is a partner in the Wash­ington law firm of Henrey &: Simon, where he prac-40 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993tices international law. Dee M. Kilpatrick, PhD'69,professor of social work at the University of Illinois,Chicago, has been appointed interim associate deanof UIC's Jane Addams College of Social Work. Ken­neth D. Simonson, AB'69, vice president and chiefeconomist of the American Trucking Association,was a subject of The Lobbyists, written by Wall StreetJournal reporter Jeffrey H. Birnbaum and publishedby Time Books in 1993.70 Catherine L. Albanese, AM'lO, PhD'l2,professor of religious studies at the Univer­sity of California, Santa Barbara, is president-elect ofthe American Academy of Religion. John D. CollierIII, MBA'lO, is chair of Collier and Company, aMurfreesboro, TN, packaging/container design,industrial promotion, and product research agency.On January 8, Susan Diamond, AB'lO, president ofDiamond Associates in Melrose Park, IL, wasinvested into the Adventuresses of Sherlock Holmesas "The Lone Star" at the group's annual dinner inNew York commemorating Holmes' hirthday. Thatevening, Susan presented her paper proving thatElvis Presley is the son of Sherlock Holmes.Edwin Crews Douglass, AB'70, MD'74, hasmoved to Philadelphia to take dual positions asdirector of oncology at St. Christopher's Hospital forChildren and professor of pediatrics at Temple Uni­versity School of Medicine. James R. Lackenmier,AM'70, a member of the Commission on HigherEducation of the Middle States Association, recentlywent on a re-accreditation visit to the PontificalCatholic University of Puerto Rico. Mahar K. Man­gahas, PhD'lO, is president of Social Weather Sta­tions (SWS), a private non-stock survey researchinstitute. SWS is the Philippine member of theInternational Social Survey Programme-the u.S.member is the U of C's NORC.71 Philip A. Lutgendorf, AB'll, AM'82, PhD'87,professor of Hindi and modern Indian studiesat the University of Iowa, received the Associationfor Asian Studies' 1992 A.K. Coomaraswamy bookprize for The Life of a Text, published in 1991 by theUniversity of California Press.72 Lee Wah Chu, AB'l2, a physician at theFamily Medical Clinic in Caldwell, ID, andhis wile, Karen, have two children, Katie Lynn andKevin. Frank Hydoski, AM'l2, PhD'91, is a partnerat Price Waterhouse in Century City, CA. Sharon L.O'Hara, AM'72, an administrator for a medicaloncology practice, has been in Colorado for 16years, and enjoys the alumni programs offered inDenver. Jane E. Ranshaw, MBA'l2, a Chicago busi­ness adviser and trainer, spoke about creating suc­cessful business proposals at an open meeting of theNorth Shore Consultants Forum in January.Edward F. Schlenk, MD'l2, of Marshalltown, lA,is enjoying semi-retirement after a career in pathol­ogy/nuclear medicine in southern California. Hewrites, "The only surf here is 'amber waves of grain,'but the free time to read, travel, and live a balancedlife is great." Robert M. Swift, AB'72, PhD'77,MD'l9, associate professor of psychiatry and humanbehavior at Brown University Medical School, livesin Providence with his wife, Beatrice Hyson Swift,AB'l4, MA1'76, and their three children: Rachel, 12;Joshua, 9; and Beu, 3. James G. Toscas, AB'l2, isexecutive director of the American Nuclear Society at555 Kensington Avenue, La Grange Park, IL 60525.73 Ann C. Bretz, PhD'l3, alumni trustee of theUniversity of Indianapolis, also serves onthe alumni board and is president of Alpha ChiIndy, a club for area alumni. Michael C. Dorf,AB'l3, of Chicago, had an article on the future ofthe National Endowment for the Arts in the Winter1993 issue of the Brookings Review. Susanna GreerFein, AB'l3, is associate professor and undergradu­ate studies chair of Kent State University's Englishdepartment. w.s. (Sev) MacPete, MBA'l3, recently joined Sprint Communications as a senior nationalaccount manager in its San Francisco office. SeVlives in Pleasant Hill, CA, with his wife, Julia, anddaughter, Ruthanne, a 1989 Lab Schools grad andsenior at the University of California, Berkeley.Their son, John W. MacPete, AB'88, is practicinglaw in Los Angeles with Skadden, Arps, Slate,Meagher, &: Flom.Robert Medow, AM'?3, see 1992, Panina MedowLicht. Kazimiera Stypka, AM'l3, received her ph.D.in counseling psychology from the University ofVictoria, British Columbia, in May 1992. She is nOwattending a series of clinical workshops for personalconstruct counseling in Vancouver, Australia, andNew Zealand. She lives on Vancouver Island withher husband, John Esling, a phonetician, and theirdaughter, Natalia. Yoko Yoshikawa, AM'l3, wrote abook, Japan-Philippine Reparations: DiplomatiC Nego­tiations, 1949-56, which was awarded the OhiraMasayoshi memorial prize-established in memoryof the late Prime Minister Ohira.74 Patricia Jo Blankenhorn, AM'l4, lives inBoston and works as a consultant at CSCIndex in Cambridge, MA. Mildred L. Culp, AM'74,PhD'76, a career consultant with ExecutiveResumes and Executive Directions in Seattle, wasquoted in an article on the tough job market facin1recent grads in a recent issue of V., The NatronafCollege Magazine. To rediscover his "purpose alife," Theofanis G. Gounaris, MBA'l4, has left thebusiness world and moved from Athens to a semi-rural halt-acre of land where he is enjoying natureand gardening. He also teaches marketing at theAmerican College of Greece-Derea College.Janice Grow-Maienza, MS1'74, PhD'81, is a pro­fessor of education at Northwest Missouri State UnI­versity. Irene Capp Kerr, AM'l4, MBA'l6, see 197�,Donald E. Kerr. R. Ranney Mize, AM'l4, PhD'75, ISprofessor and head of the anatomy department andcodirects the interdisciplinary Ph.D. program. I�neuroscience at Louisiana State University MedIcaCenter. Beatrice Hyson Swift, AB'l4, MA1'76, see1972, Robert M. Swift.75 Stephen Daniloff, AB'75, director of sales �tWSTR Television, his wife, Terry, and theIrson.: Matthew, have been in Cincinnati for over ayear. Esther Respess Gueft, AM'75, received herdegree in January from the Benjamin N. Cardoz�School of Law, and has two children: Lisa, 7, anMax Julian, 6. Donald E. Kerr, Jr., MBA'l5, is a vicepresident at Booz, Allen &: Hamilton's Chicagooffice, where he heads the financial services p�a�­tice. His wife, Irene Capp Kerr, AM'74, MBA 7 frecently added the title of vice president to that 0sector general manager at Abbott Labs. tCharles H. Koch, Jr., LLM'l5, professor of law:the College of William and Mary, published t �1993 supplement to his Administrative Law andPractice. Deborah J. Lisker, JD'l5, and her hus�an ;Ed, of Philadelphia, had a son, Benjamin LIsk�Chernoff, on April 4, 1992. Deborah writes that s �enjoyed seeing Anne (Nancy) E. Dewey, JD'15, .anher daughter, Megan, in June 1992. J. Wilha[llMelsop, MBA'75, is CEO of the Austin CompanY,an international design, engineering, and constrUC­tion firm headquartered in Cleveland, OH. d76 Patricia Burke, AB'l6, and her husba�L.:John, are doing well in Downers Grove, h�"not being blessed with children," they are researc ting adoption. Timothy S. Sullivan, AB'76, assIstanhprofessor of physics at Kenyon College, lives ��.his wife, Kristina, in nearby Mount Vern�n, hiPJohn C. Yoder,. MBA'l6, was selected minonty VIAnfor the West Virginia Senate this past December. dattorney who lives in Harpers Ferry, he was electeto the senate in November 1992.. S e,77 "Peter s. Coffrin, AM'n, and his WIfe, /2,had a son, Daniel Sloan, on Novernbe1992, in Burlington, VT. Douglas A. Conrad,MBA' 77 , PhD'78, professor of health services at theUniversity of Washington, Seattle, is also editor ofthe journal Frontiers of Health Services Management.Orin (Buz) Hargraves, AB'77, is director of theSayagyi U Ba Khin Memorial Trust, which operatesthe International Meditation Center-a Buddhistretreat in rural Maryland. Lee R. Keenan, MBA'77,heads the human resources department at GeneralInstrument Corporation.Jeffrey J. Nick, MBA'77, moved to England tobecome managing director of Cannon-Lincoln.Mark Shapiro, AB'77, recently joined a multispe­cialty group practice in New York City, where he isa gastroenterologist. He also teaches gastroenterol­ogy and internal medicine at the Albert EinsteinCollege of Medicine. Daniel A. Sumner, AM'77,PhD'78, forme� assistant secretary for economics atthe u.S. Department of Agriculture, is now theFrank H. Buck professor of agricultural economicsat the University of California, Davis. Michael W.Zelenty, AB'77, and his wife, Maureen, of Plainfield,NJ, had a son, Alexander joseph, this past july; hejoins sister jennifer.78 Susan Heisler Hanks, MBA'78, and JeffreyF. Hanks, MBA'78, live in Oak Ridge, NC,where Susan works at MARC Incorporated and jeffis in the family lumber business. They have twochildren, Daniel, 4, and Shelly, 7. Philip M. Laugh­lin, MD'78, chair of internal medicine at the Wood­land Clinic, lives in Davis, CA, with his wife, Tina,and children-twins Daniel and Matthew are 14,and Samuel is 9.Gary L. McDowell, AM'78, is director of the Insti­tute of United States Studies at the University oflondon. Robert M. Pruitt, MBA'78, a fourth-yeargeneral surgery resident at Truman Medical Centerin Kansas City, MO, and his wife, Martha, had adaughter, Margarette Morgan, on August 21, 1992;she joins brother William Macy, age 4. Buzz Spec­tor, MFA'78, of Los Angeles, is a 1992 recipient ofthe Southeastern Center for Contemporary Art'sVisual arts award.79 Working for Computer Sciences Corpora­tion, a contractor in Annapolis, MD, Peterw. Bergstrom, SM'79, PhD'82, is helping the EPAfigure out the best way to clean up the ChesapeakeBay. Also a part-time teacher at johns Hopkins, he isfacing the challenge of sending his oldest child,Madeline, to college. Michael A. Donnella, jD'79,Writes from Maplewood, N], "I'm doing fine andhave no life cycle news to report. I'm running a littlefaster than I have been in recent years, but not asfast as when I was in law school."lee S. Hillman, MBA'79, is executive vice presi­dent of Chicago's Bally Manufacturing Corporation,Where he continues in his role of CFO for Bally'sHealth &: Fitness subsidiary. Bryan E. Kneeland,MBA'79, and Joyce V. Gab-Kneeland, MBA'85, ofChicago, had a son, Matthew Bryan, in April 1992.Giovanni D. Natale, MBA'79, left Philip CrosbyASSOCiates this past june and joined Carrier-Frigik­ing in France as quality director for their Frenchand European operations. He lives in NormandyWith his wife, Anne-Marie, and o-year-old daughter,Marie-Pierre. Frank]. Rohmer III, AM'79, PhD'86,is associate professor of political science at AustinCOllege in Sherman, TX.80 Jeffrey A. Heller, jD'80, an attorney inCranford, N], and volunteer staff attorneyWith the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights,began teaching refugee and asylum law at theBrooklyn Law School in the fall of 1992. LawrenceE. Horner, Jr., MBA'80, married Sandra Bell inFebruary 1992; they now live in Bernardsville,NJ, where Lawrence is director of marketing ser­Vices at the Warner Lambert Company. Michael K.l<undmann, AB'80, wife Roseann Csencsits, and son Karl moved back to the Chicago area in january,when Roseann started work at Argonne NationalLaboratory.Francine]. Osman-Lans, AB'80, lives in Rockford,IL, with her son, Alexander. Michael P. Raftery,AM'80, an English teacher at Rich East High Schoolin Park Forest, IL, received an award this past Octo­ber, presented by the University of Chicago to "out­standing and inspiring" high school teachers on therecommendation of College students. He and hiswife, Ginny, have five children. David L. Skelding,AB'80, is a partner in Lord, Bissell &: Brook'sChicago-based corporate and finance practice. JimP. Verhulst, AB'80, and Suzanne Lewis Verhulst,AB'81, had a son, Christian Emil, who joined brotherBenjamin in july 1992. They live in St. Petersburg,FL, where jim oversees national and internationalnews coverage for the St. Petersburg Times.81 John H. Bauer, SB'81, received his Ph.D.from Northwestern University in 1992, andnow works at SYST AT, a company which developsstatistical analysis software. He married MarianneBuis in june 1991. Edward L. Bayham, MBA'81,vice president of marketing at Sherwood Medical inSt. Louis, was elected chair of the board of the EnteralNutrition Council, an association of manufacturersand marketers of Enteral nutrition formulas.Farley Grubb, AM'81, PhD'84, is a professor ofeconomics at the University of Delaware, Newark.Arturo Gutierrez, MBA'81, is president of Au BonPain Chile S.A., a Chilean company that bought thefranchise from Au Bon Pain to open 20 restaurantsin Chile, Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Uruguay, andParaguay. Vincent E. Hillery, AB'81, jD'84, a part­ner in the Chicago law firm of Brown &: Platt, con­centrates on banking and finance matters. DouglasL. Kahn, SM'81, MBA'88, see 1956, james S. Kahn.Michael]. Owens, AB'81, and his wife, LaurelKirkhart, are enjoying group practice and workingtheir farm in Thurman, OH; their daughter, jas­mine, turned 1 in October. Suzanne LewisVerhulst, AB'81, see 1980, jim P. Verhulst.82 Jane M. Garza, AM'82, executive directorof El Hogar Del Nino in Chicago, has beenwith the daycare and social service agency for 20years. Alan D. Gornik, MBA'82, and his wife, Ann,had a son, Nathan Edward, on December 4, 1992,who joins brothers Evan, 5, and Bret, 3. LaurieKalmanson, AM'82, writes, "A newspaper called theWichita Eagle pays me to write for a living=-thingscould be worse." Vincent Katz, AB'82, is busy inNew York: he has written four books of poetry,including New York Hello! with Rudy Burckhardt,and has a forthcoming book of translations of theLatin poet Propertius; he is working on a libretto forcomposer Nicholas Michalakis, whom he met at theU of C; he directs a performance group thatincludes music, poetry, and song; and he composesmusic for plays.Jayleen R. Powell, MBA'82, vice president andmanager in the corporate banking department ofBoatman's National Bank in St. Louis, married LynnHague, a violist in the St. Louis Symphony Orches­tra. Powell is the daughter of the late Howard S.Powell, jr., AB'49. Susan Ricka Stein, AM'82, thecurator of Monticello, Thomas jefferson's home inCharlottesville, VA, is the organizer of a major exhi­bition this year commemorating Jefferson's 250thbirthday. Robert A. Wert, MBA'82, a vice presi­dent/investment officer with Butcher &: Singer inWyomissing, P A, recently became a certified portfo­lio manager. He married Mary Elizabeth Mino injune 1988.83 jill A. Donley, AB'83, a senior financialanalyst with Princeton Financial, took theCFA level III exams june 5. James]. Eccleston,AB'83, is the founder, principal, and general counselof Chicago-based Legal Cost Management Associ- ates, a case management and auditing firm workingwith companies and individuals to reduce their legalcosts. Hanni Perlman Fischer, MBA'83, director ofconsulting services in the marketing and strategicplanning division at Coopers &: Lybrand in Santi­ago, Chile, writes, "With a 1992 GDP growth of+9.5 percent and an unemployment rate of 4.5 per­cent, Chile is a very successful free-market model;there's strong foreign investment 'and lots of pro­jects" for her company.Daniel Z. Lewis, AB'83, of Chicago, recently mar­ried Tamar Nelson; "God willing and the creekdon't rise, we'll get kids soon too." Edward W.Miller, jr., MBA'83, left as business director atQuaker Oats after nine years and is now developinga marketing consulting practice focused on newproducts and new business planning. Nancy K.Oyer, AM'83, a legal researcher and writer, marriedjason Sholder, senior vice president of technology atSiemens Pacesetter, which manufacturersimplantable biomedical devices, on December 20,1992. The couple honeymooned in Italy andFrance, and now live in Beverly Hills, CA.Ronald I. Nagel, AB'83, lives with his wife,Suzanne, and daughter, Rebecca, in Aldan, PA, andworks as an employee benefits attorney in Philadel­phia. Kenneth M. Notis, MBA'83, and his wife,judith, had a daughter, Sarah Elizabeth, on March28, 1992. Ken has left CjX Transportation and nowworks for A.T. Kearney in their Alexandria, VA,logistics practice.84 Gwenyth Bailey Flynn, AM'84, and DennisP. Flynn, MBA'87, had a son, Theodorejames, in December 1991; he joins sister Victoria inChicago. David A. Goodman, AB'84, formerly awriter for the television series "The Golden Girls,""Flesh 'n' Blood," and "Babes," is currently writingfor the NBC sitcom "Rhythm and Blues." Coinci­dentally, he writes, his mother, Brunhilde MetlayGoodman, AM'48, has decided to sell her televisionset. Douglas W. King,jD'84, is an associate attorneyconcentrating on civil litigation in the St. Louisoffice of Bryan Cave.Paul E. Thomas, AB'84, AM'85, an Englishteacher at the Breck School in Minneapolis, wasnamed a 1993 "teacher-scholar" by the NationalEndowment for the Humanities and the DewittWallace-Reader's Digest Fund. During the 1993-94school year, Paul will be excused from teachingduties to conduct an independent research project;his teaching salary will be replaced with a stipendprovided by the NEH and the fund.Jean Tsien, PhD'84, hosted a dinner for the U of Calumni club in Beijing in February. Among theguests were john E. Ultmann, professor of medicineat the U of C and associate director of the CancerResearch Institute; his wife, Ruth; and special guestLucy M. Chen, AM'46, PhD'48. Ultmann reports,"We reminisced about our last get-together in 1988and remembered fondly Julian Zhou, AM'48, whodied in October 1992. We talked about the U of Cand the good years past; we also learned the where­abouts of Jean's daughters: Diana Chen, AM'86, isnow in the process of completing a Ph.D. in historyat the U of C, and Denise Chen, AB'91, AM'93, is ina Ph.D. program at Rutgers University. jean cookeda fantastic Chinese dinner and a great time was hadby all." Anybody who would like to get in touchwith Jean or the Beijing club can write to her at theDepartment of English, Beijing Foreign Studies Uni­versity, Beijing 100081, China.85 Susan K. Bonar, AB'85, fourth-year residentin orthopaedic surgery at the University ofIowa Hospital and Clinics, married David j. Bensonon August 5, 1992. They live in Iowa City. WilliamH. Chao, MBA'85, and his wife, Winnie P. Lee,MBA'85, moved with their daughters, April andCherie, to Thailand in 1990. William is now seniorUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 41vice president in venture capital and corporatefinance at Hambrecht &: Quist. Joyce V. Gab-Knee­land, MBA'85, see 1979, Bryan E. Kneeland.Suzanne Baldwin Gilman, MBA'85, an accountingmanager at Vestar Incorporated in San Diego, CA,had a daughter, Anna Katherine, in October.Stephen K. Henn, AB'85, married Alison M.Young in Little Rock, AR, in April 1992. Attendingwere: David V. River, AB'85, MBA'88; Rima A. Kel­ertas, AB'85; and Abby j. Persky, AB'86. Robert M.Nesselroth, AB'85, has returned to South Florida topractice law with Wicker, Smith, et al. Paul W.Theiss, JD'85, is a partner in the Chicago law firmof Brown &: Platt, where he specializes in corporateand securities law. Harry F. Topping, Jr., MBA'85,has joined Warner Brothers as vice president of realestate development and manages a $100 millionbuilding program. Adam Vodraska, AB'85, is cur­rently teaching young Inuit children to read andwrite English, and will be in Godthaab, Greenland,for the next three years.86 Diana Chen, AM'86, see 1984, Jean Tsien.Nathan W. Hart, X'86, received his lawdegree from the University of Wisconsin in May1992, and is an associate with Jardine, Logan &:O'Brien in St. Paul, MN. Heidi M. Hunter, MBA'86,is a manager with ClBA-GEIGY in South Africa, and"enjoying the opportunity to be part of a country intransition." She invites anyone interested in SouthAfrica to contact her at 33 Bedford Place, SovereignStreet, Bedfordview 2008, South Africa.Victor I. King, AB'86, AM'86, an attorney with thedistrict attorney's office in Houston, and Rebecca C.Miller, AB'86, MST'87, an accountant with KPMGPeat Marwick in Houston, were married in June1992. Attending were Elena L. Luring, AB'86;Michael E. Bronfin, AB'90; Frank J. Verbelen,MBA'83; Andrius j. Kulikauskas, SB'86; and JudithM. Praitis, AB'85. Victor recently received a RotaryFoundation travel grant to visit Oxfordshire, Eng­land, and observe British businesses and institu­tions. Daria K. Pace, AB'86, married David Lamb, alandscape architect, in January. Attending theNovember 1992 shower held in Chicago were: host­ess Sharon K. Kayser, AB'88; Julie K. Walstra,AB'87; Diane C. Barker, AB'86; Wileen M. Drago­van, AB'83; Gail Pollard, wife of Phil Pollard, X'85;and Linda, Sonia, and Krytstyna Milewski, wife anddaughters, respectively, of Ron Milewski, X'69. "Intypical Chicago fashion," Daria reports, "the themewas a book shower, and a grand time was had byall." The couple's new address is: Mr. &: Mrs. DavidLamb, Mill Neck, New York 11765.David j. Reene, MBA'86, is currently serving as aU.S. Peace Corps volunteer in Warsaw, Poland.After five years in brand management at QuakerOats in Chicago, he now teaches marketing acrossPoland "to whomever will listen," and serves as amarketing consultant to various Polish organiza­tions, among 'them the Ministry of Privatization.Joel R. Zand, AB'86, and Renee Ghert-Zand maketheir home in New York City; they were married inToronto in August 1991.87 David C. Ansani, AB'87, an attorney inPark Ridge, IL, and his wife, Elizabeth, hada daughter, Gabrielle Elizabeth, on February 5,1992. Gabrielle's godparents are James M. Pretlow,AB'87, and Amy Pretlow. Lynn Vial Buendgen,AM'87, and her husband, Josef, had their secondchild, Niklas Iosef, on july 1, 1992. John D. Burrill,AB'87, recently graduated from the University ofMichigan and will continue there as a postdoc.Dennis P. Flynn, MBA'87, see 1984, GwenythBailey Flynn. William D. Jordan, X'87, see 1954,Moreen Crumley Jordan. Francis Liu, MBA'87, is asenior associate with Booz, Allen &: Hamilton's mar­keting group in New York. Bennett Lovett-Graff,AB'87, presented a paper on "Edgar Huntly and42 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993American Detective Fiction: Before There Was Poe"at the Northeast Modern Language Association atBryn Mawr College in March. In April he presented'Theorizing Horror" for a conference on "Beyondthe Limits of Realism: Meta-Literature, theUncanny, and Simulacra" at SUNY, Binghamton.Alison M. McElhinney, AB'87, is pursuing hermaster's in information sciences at Drexel Univer­sity in Philadelphia and working full time at a com­puter consulting firm, Omicron. Jay R. Mitchell,AB'87, has relocated to the Chicago area and is atechnical manager at the Valspar Corporation.Kosuke Onishi, AB'87, manager of mergers andacquisitions transactions at the Mitsubishi Corpora­tion in Japan, has published Preppy Life, a bookabout his experiences at the Hotchkiss School. PaulA. Patten, AB'87, and Marianne Laird Patten,AB'89, are living happily in the Pullman neighbor­hood of Chicago with their son, Laird Alfred Patten.88 Natalie Greben Chmelar, AM'88, is alicensed clinical social worker inChicago-specializing in chemical dependency,eating disorders, and individual and marital/couplespsychotherapy. Matthew T. Clancy, MD'88, hasbeen a medical advisor on three movies-BodilyHarm, Forever Young, and The Doctor-with bitparts in the last two. After three years working for aTurkish-American joint venture in Ankara, Turkey,Sydney C. Courtney, MBA'88, is now manager offinancial analysis for FMC's European regionaloffice in Brussels, Belgium. Sharon E. Karohl,AB'88, AM'89, married John]. Kang in May 1992.John W. MacPete, AB'88, see 1973, ws. MacPete.89 Eric C. Banfield, MBA'89, finished his firstyear doing business as Banfield AnalyticalServices, "successfully applying my Chicago-trainedcritical thinking skills" by writing, speaking, andtestifying about financial regulations and otherpublic-policy issues. Douglas R. Bergman, AB'89,single again, continues to work towards a doctoratein physics at Yale University. Lawrence S. Berlin,AB'89, received the 1992 CEO award from the GSB,given each year to a second-year student for "out­standing contributions to student life and activities"in the part-time and weekend M.B.A. programs.Tracy L. Berliner, MBA'89, and Robert L. Silver­schotz, MBA'89, were married in May 1991. PeterO'Meara Evans, AB'89, lives in Tokyo and is coordi­nator of the Japan Exchange and Teaching Pro­gramme. Carlos A. Gomez, MBA'89, manager ofproject development at Minera Escondida in Santi­ago, Chile, was elected a member of the EngineeringInstitute's board. Todd E. Grayson, MBA'89, is vicepresident of residential mortgage lending at SouthCentral Bank &: Trust Company in Chicago. Car­olyn E. Leblanc-Blatt, MBA'89, and her husband,Richard, had a daughter, Jennifer, on August 18,1992, in Chicago.John F. Mitchell, SM'89, PhD'93, recently won anewly created postdoctoral research appointmentand stipend from the U.5. Department of EnergyOffice of Science and Education. Kenneth P. Neu­mann, MBA'89, is president of Naperville-basedNeumann Homes, which placed 231st on Inc. maga­zine's list of the 500 fastest-growing privately heldcompanies in the U.S. Marianne Laird Patten,AB'89, see 1987, Paul A. Patten. Erwin T. Russel,MBA'89, writes, "Work hard, play hard: after beingproject manager with Booz, Allen &: Hamilton, I amnow sailing around the world."90 Michael F. Ahern, MBA'90, works forArthur Andersen &: Company in Los Ange­les. Janet H. Cho, AB'90, spent this past springworking for USA Today in Washington, DC, on loanfrom her job with the Rochester (NY) Times­Union/Democrat & Chronicle. Elaine Smith Keller,MBA'90, a manager in Price Waterhouse's multistatetax consulting unit, is living with her husband, Jeff, in Westport, CT. Thomas M. McNamara, MBA'90,is vice president of sales for HPR, a Boston softwarecompany specializing in health-care cost contain­ment solutions. Michael Shulman, AB'90, recentlymarried Diane DeWill in Nashville, TN. They bothgraduated from Vanderbilt University School of Law.in May, and Michael will start this fall as an associ­ate with Coudert Brother's New York office.Norman M. Storwick, AB'90, married Leslie r.Johnson, AB'90, in Bellevue, WA, on August 1,1992. Attending were: matron of honor LindaMarver Nestor, X'90, Patrickj. Nestor, AB'90, andtheir daughter, Sarah; Bruce H. Frohlich, AB'88;Gerald R. Skaletzky, AB'90; and John C. Crocker,AB'90, SM'92. Unable to attend but sending theirregards were: Patricia L. Pitzele, AB'90; CassandraL. Scharff, AB'90; and Herodotos Ellinas, AB'88,MD'92. Leslie is finishing up law school at the Uni­versity of California, Davis and applying to veteri­nary schools; she hopes to combine these tWOskills and work to improve endangered specieslegislation. Norman is a consulting actuary spe­cializing in health insurance at Milliman &Robertson in San Francisco, CA.91 Denise Chen, AB'91, AM'93, see 1984, JeanTsien. Nicholas T. Demopoulos, MBA'91,and Michael S. Zim, MBA'91, are working withBanque Paribas in Tokyo. Randall S. Kahn, MBA'91,see 1956, James S. Kahn. Ellis M. Mishulovich,AB'91, works for a defense consulting firm nearWashington, where he helps produce forecasts onthe former Soviet Union. Kimberly M. Pfohl, AB'91,married Paul E. Meyerson, AB'91, in May 1992.They had two ceremonies, one in Dubuque, lA,with Kevin j. Esch, AB'92, as best man, and theother in Old Westbury, NY. Kimberly now works atMacmillan Publishing in New York and Paul is pur­suing a Ph.D. in clinical psychology at FordharnUniversity. After ten months as an associate in asmall Venezuelan private investment bank, K. Ran­dolf Scheller, MBA'91, founded his own consultingcompany in Venezuela and is currently on a generalmanaging consulting assignment for an EastGerman brewery.92 John Michael Brendel, AB'92, is complet­ing his first year at the University of Penn­sylvania Law School and working for Blank, Rorne,Comiskey &: McCauley, a law firm in center-cityPhiladelphia. Daniel J. Kliman, AB'92, is a medicalstudent at SUNY Health Sciences Center in syra­cuse. Panina Medow Licht, AB'92, graduated frotrlthe University's Committee on Human Develop­ment while her husband, Jacob Licht, '94, andfather, Robert Medow, AM'73, watched. Other rela­tives with a U of C connection include: SirnaMedow Oberlander, AB'90; Michael Oberlander,AB'90; and Mark Oberlander, PhD'67. Adam S·Rod, AB'92, is manager of business relations at th.eEvanston Chamber of Commerce. Allegra RossoW,AB'92, attending the University of Virginia La�School, notes that "playing softball in November 15quite a change from the U of C!"William Charles Scheckel, Jr., AB'92, is attend­ing graduate classes at the University of Konsta�while working at the Institut fur Demoskop1eAllensbath-one of Germany's largest public opin­ion research institutes. Rachael A. Simonoff, AB'92,AM'92, attends Columbia Law School in New yorkThibault C. Stracke, AB'92, has joined the PeaceCorps and works with the dune reclamation projectin the southern Sahara. Maria Bartol Strauch,AB'92-who works in the child psychiatry depar�­ment at Washington University's School of Me�l­cine-and her husband just bought a new condo 10St. Louis. Donald S. Wakeling, AB'92, is studyingChinese and teaching English part time in Taiwan·Linda L. Wolfenden, AB'92, attends Boston Univer­sity's School of Medicine.DEA,.HSTrusteesTheodore Cooper, a trustee since 1990 and chair ofthe Council for the Biological Sciences Division andthe Pritzker School of Medicine, died of complica­tions from cancer on April 22 at the University of Vir­ginia Medical Center. He was 64. A heart surgeonwho had published more than 200 scientific articlesand papers, Cooper was named chair and CEO of theUpjohn Company-one of the country's largest phar­maceutical companies-in 1987. Survivors includehis wife, Vivian; two sons; and two daughters.Facu�tyHoward M. Brown, the Ferdinand Schevill distin­guished service professor of music, died of a heartattack February 20 in Venice. He was 62. An inter­nationally known musicologist whose work focusedon the Renaissance, he was in Europe to teach at theUniversity of Basel, Switzerland, and to conductarchival research in Italy. A member of the U of Cfaculty since 1960, Brown twice' chaired the musicdepartment (1971-1972 and 1989-1992). Duringhis career, he wrote or edited 14 books, more than50 articles, and, numerous reviews. In 1987, he wasawarded the University of Pisa's Galileo GalileiPrize, presented to foreign scholars. whose work hascontributed to the understanding and appreciationof Italian civilization. Past president of the AmericanMUSicology Society, Brown also performed and con­ducted. At the U of C, he founded both the Col­legium Musicum ensemble in 1960 (serving as itsdirector until 1982) and the Early Music Series in1981. Survivors include a brother, Ralph.John W. Davis, Jr., died January 8 in his Chicagohome at the age of 49. Formerly an assistant profes­sor of surgery and director of the University'sWalter G. Zoller Dental Clinic, he helped opendental health care in Chicago and Illinois to AIDSand HIV-positive patients: He began regularly treat­ing HIV -positive individuals while teaching atNorthwestern University, later moving his practiceto the North Side. He is survived by his companion,Larry Griffin; his parents; a son; and a daughter.Peter P.H. De Bruyn, professor emeritus of organ­ismal biology and anatomy, died April 21 inChicago at the age of 82. Chair of the departmentfrom 1946 to 1961, De Bruyn studied the fine struc­ture of the lymphoid and blood-forming organs andWas the first to describe how particles and cells passthough the wall of blood vessels in order to enter orexit the bloodstream. Associate editor of the Ameri­can Journal of Anatomy, he was also a longtimeeditor and adviser to Encyclopaedia Britannica.Among survivors are his wife, Sonya; two daugh­ters, mcluding Anneke De Bruyn Overseth, AB'54;five grandchildren; and four great-grandchildren.Helene]. Kantor, PhD'45, professor emeritus inthe Oriental Institute and a leading art historian ofthe ancient Near East, died January 13 at the Med­ical Center. She was 73. She published her majorvolume, The Aegean and the Orient in the Second Mil­lennium B.C., in 1947, and also illustrated many ofher publications. During the 1950s and 1960s, shepublished a series of drawings of the ancient NearEastern art objects and artifacts held by the OrientalInstitute Museum. There are no immediate sur­ViVors.Arthur Norman, former assistant professor ofEnglish, died December 12 after suffering for manyyears from pulmonary fibrosis. He was 61. A native of Texas, he returned to the University of Texas atAustin in 1965, after teaching at the U of C for nineyears. He is survived by a sister and a brother.Robert L. Scranton, AM'34, PhD'39, professoremeritus of art, died January 31 in Decatur, GA. Hewas 80. Scranton's research in Greek and Romanarchitecture focused on restoring ancient buildingsand theorizing about their uses. From 1963 to 1968,he directed excavation efforts at Kenchreai, Greece.To display the finds, he helped plan and arrangeconstruction of a museum at Isthmia, Greece, whichopened in 1978. The author or coauthor of 12books and 27 articles, he joined the faculty in 1961and taught until his retirement in 1977-chairingthe art department from 1969 to 1973. Survivorsinclude his wife, Louise; a son; two daughters; andfive grandchildren.Cyril Stanley Smith, former professor of chem­istry, died of cancer August 25 at his home in Cam­bridge, MA. He was 88. During World War 11, heworked with the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos,directing the preparation of fissionable metal for theatomic bomb--work for which he was awarded aPresidential Medal. In 1945, he joined the U of Cfaculty as the founding director of the Institute forthe Study of Metals. He left in 1961 to accept a dualposition in metallurgy and humanities at MIT. Sur­vivors include his wife, Alice; a daughter; a son; asister; and four grandchildren.1910sMabelle Shlensky Schero, AA'18, died January 5in Highland Park Hospital at the age of 94. AChicago public school teacher until she married in1926, she helped found and became a chartermember of the Francis and Nathan Goldblatt Soci­ety for Cancer Research in 1947, and was past presi­dent of the Women's Division of the HebrewTheological College in Skokie. She is survived by adaughter; three grandchildren; eight great-grand­children; and a niece, Joan Blair Florence, AB'52.1920sTheresa Wilson Rothermel, PhB'20, died March 3at the Presbyterian Home in Evanston. She- was 94.A longtime resident of Winnetka and an active vol­unteer, she worked with Family Services of Win­netka, the League of Women Voters, Skokie SchoolPTA, the North Shore Nurses' Association, theEvanston Hospital Women's Auxiliary, YWCA ofChicago, and Winnetka Associates of the Art Insti­tute of Chicago. She is survived by a daughter, sixgrandchildren, and ten great-grandchildren.Lennox Bouton Grey, PhB'23, PhD'35, died Janu­ary 29 in Walnut Creek, CA, at the age of 92. AnEnglish instructor at the U of C for seven years, hewent on to teach at the University of Minnesota andthe Teachers College of Columbia University, wherehe chaired the Department of English and ForeignLanguages, and was a Fulbright lecturer at the Uni­versity of Sydney, Australia. He is survived by twosons and three grandchildren.Leila Eichberg Weinberg, X'23, died February 1in Northwestern Memorial Hospital. She was 90. Aleader in several philanthropic organizations, sheserved as president of Chicago Woman's Aid andthe women's division of the Jewish Charities ofChicago. While living in Hyde Park, she foundedSullivan House, a South Side center for African­Amen.can children. Among survivors are two sons, including Michael Weinberg, AB'47; a daughter,Lois Weinberg Kanter, AB'55; nine grandchildren;and five great-grandchildren.Maureen Cobb Mabbott, PhB'24, AM'27, a poet,teacher, and editor, died February 15 in Medford,N]. She was 93. Survivors include a daughter, Jane;two grandchildren; two great-grandchildren; andthree sisters.Kathryn McElroy Rockwell, PhB'24, died of respi­ratory failure at her home in Grosse Pointe Farms,MI, at the age of 90. She was a member of the Coun­try Club of Detroit, the Village Garden Club, andChrist Church. Survivors include two sons, tengrandchildren, and six great-grandchildren.Arpad E. Elo, SB'25, SM'28, a retired professor ofphysics at Marquette University, died November 5of a heart attack in his Milwaukee home. He was 89.He served from 1935 to 1937 as administrator of theAmerican Chess Federation, and created a children'schess program in Milwaukee that served as a modelfor such programs across the country. Survivorsinclude a son, Arpad E. Elo,Jr., PhB'45.Florence Cook Slayton, PhB'25, of LaGrangePark, IL, died recently. Survivors include agrandson, Kevin Gleason, AM'83; two sisters,Margaret Cook Hubbard, X'18, and Esther CookPease, PhB'27; and a brother-in-law, RobertPease, PhB'35, MBA'47.Thelma Gwinn Thurstone, PhD'26, died Febru­ary 12 in Chapel Hill, NC, at the age of 95. Aresearch psychologist and education professor at theUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, since1952, she concentrated her research on measuringchildren's mental abilities and constructing curric­ula based on results of such tests. She is survived bythree sons, including Conrad G. Thurstone,PhB'48, MD'53; five grandchildren; two great-grand­children; and a brother.Elliott A. Johnson', PhB'28, JD'31, died inHouston January 15 at the age of 85. Retiring in1968 as vice president of finance and general coun­sel at Schlumberger, he joined the Houston law firmJohnson, Wurzer &: Tingleaf. A member of theKiwanis Club since 1938, he also served a term aspresident and 25 years as a director of the Petro­leum Equipment Suppliers Association. He is sur­vived by his wife, Katherine; two daughters; a son;and six grandchildren.Margaret Pollard Praxl, PhB'28, died January 17in Munster, IL, at the age of 89. She worked for theAmerican Economic Association in Evanston from1957 until she retired in 1971. Survivors include adaughter, Margaret, and a grandson.Luis B. Kutner, X'29, died March 1 in Chicago atthe age of 84. A Chicago lawyer for more than 60years, he was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prizenine times; co-founded Amnesty International in1961; created the concept of the "living will," whichgives instructions against the use of extra medicalprocedures to prolong a person's life; and foundedWorld Habeas Corpus, an effort aimed at protectingpeople everywhere from false imprisonment. One ofthe most prominent human-rights attorneys of the20th century, he helped free Hungarian CardinalJosef Mindszenty, poet Ezra Pound, and formerCongo President Moise Tshombe. He is survived byhis wife, Rose; a son; a granddaughter; and a sister.1930sCharles A. Pollak, PhB'31, died January 25. Theformer chair of the Los Angeles Child GuidanceClinic and president of All Phase Color Corpora­tion, he received numerous humanitarian awards.Survivors include a son, John, and a nephew,Richard]. Keirn, MBA'67.Julie Grenier, PhB'32, AM'43, died September 20in Kingston, Jamaica. Since moving to the island inUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEZ}UNE 1993 431970, she had worked with a health aid program forthe poor; the Boy Scouts; and the Women's Club, ofwhich she was president. She was also involved increating better education opportunities for theisland's disadvantaged students, resulting mostrecently in a computer classroom at St. Mary's Col­lege. Survivors include two brothers.Philip S. Klein, AM'32, died of heart failure Feb­ruary 15 at his home in State College, PA. He was83. A professor and historian, he taught at Franklinand Marshall College and later at Pennsylvania StateUniversity, where he chaired the history departmentfor three years, retiring in 1972. A past president ofthe Pennsylvania Historical Association and the His­torical Foundation of Pennsylvania, he wrote a 1962book on u.s. President James Buchanan that is con­sidered the definitive biography of the leader. He issurvived by a son and a granddaughter.Carl Bode, PhB'33, died January 5 in Chester­town, MD, at the age of 81. An authority on Ameri­can literature and culture, he taught at theUniversity of Maryland for nearly 40 years; wrote oredited 30 books, three volumes of poetry, andnumerous book reviews and essays; and led effortsto create the H.L. Mencken Museum in Baltimore.He is survived by his wife, Charlotte Watkins Bode,AM'43, PhD'53, and three daughters.Detlef E. Mackelmann, PhB'33, AM'36, diedFebruary 2 in his Silver Spring, MD, home at theage of 86. He spent 25 years working with housingand city planning in Chicago-as deputy commis­sioner of Development and Planning, executivedirector of the Metropolitan Housing and PlanningCouncil, and deputy commissioner of UrbanRenewal. Survivors include his wife, Ruth Sander­son Mackelmann, X'49; a daughter; five grandchil­dren; and a great-grandchild.Stanley W. Connelly, X'34, died of cancer July 18in his Birmingham, MI, home. He was 79. A careerofficer in the Army and a major-general in the u.s.Army Reserve, he spent the past 15 years as a volun­teer director of development at Focus: HOPE.Working to eliminate the MX missile from Michi­gan, Connelly also stood against housing segrega­tion through the Oakland County Open Housingorganization. He is survived by his wife, Mary Jane;three daughters; a son; and four grandchildren.Herman Odell, AB'34, JD'36, died January 9 at hishome in Manhattan from heart failure. He sufferedfrom Alzheimer's disease, and was 81. After returningfrom military service in World War II, he joined­and eventually became a partner in-the Manhattanlaw firm Becker, Berman &: Odell. Specializing in cor­porate law, he later went into individual practice,retiring in the mid-1980s. Among survivors are hiswife, Laura; two sons, including Robert G. Odell,AB'75; two grandsons; and a brother.]. Lester Wilkey, X'34, died January 5 at the ageof 81. A surgeon on the North Side for many years,he was on staff at the Columbus-Cabrini MedicalCenter. Chair of the urology department and afund-raiser at Columbus, he won, the 1982 MotherCabrini "man of the year" award. He also was presi­dent of the Chicago Urological Society. He is sur­vived by two sons.Mollie Sarah Cohen, AM'35, died February 5 inher Hyde Park home at the age of 98. The professoremeritus of English at Illinois Institute of Technol­ogy began teaching at Lewis Institute while a stu­dent there, and became a full-time instructor whenshe graduated in 1924. In 1940, when Lewis and theArmour Institute merged to form lIT, she remainedon the faculty, retiring in 1965 as an associate pro­fessor. She is survived by a sister, Gertrude Reed.Edna]. Schwartz, PhB'35, died February 13 in herChicago home at the age of 81. After more than 45years as an elementary school teacher and librarianin Chicago, she retired in 1973. An avid golfer, she44 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEZ}UNE 1993 also served as president of the B'nai B'rith Women,was on the Anti-Defamation League's board, andbelonged to the Chicago Business Teachers Associa­tion and the National Council of Jewish Women.She leaves no immediate survivors.Earl J. McGrath, PhD'36, died January 14 inTucson at the age of 90. Commissioner of Educa-.tion under presidents Truman and Eisenhower, heresigned in 1953 to protest education budget cuts.As executive director of the Institute of Higher Edu­cation at Columbia Teachers College, he urgedmajor changes in liberal arts colleges, such as theinstitution of a year-round college. A professor atthe University of Arizona from 1974 until 1980, hewas also chair emeritus of Western InternationalUniversity. He is survived by his wife, Dorothy.Dwight McKay, AB'37, JD'39, died February 6 inthe Americana Nursing Home in Elkhart, IN. Hewas 78. An associate judge in the Cook County cir­cuit court whose law career spanned more than 45years, he presided over numerous controversialmurder trials, served as a magistrate in the trials ofdefendants from the 1968 Democratic Conventionprotests, and was an attorney at the Nurembergtrials. Survivors include his wife, Thelma; a daugh­ter; a granddaughter; and a brother.Jack Edwards Reynolds, AB'37, an antiquarianbookseller, died January 28 in Willits, CA, of a heartattack. Survivors include his wife, Rosalie TeiberReynolds, X'36; a daughter; a granddaughter; andtwo great-grandchildren.Rachel Greene Rottersman, AM'38, died February9 in her Naperville home at the age of 84. At theend of World War II, she directed a children's reliefand welfare center in Germany, which providedcare, shelter, and schooling to more than 1,000orphans and refugees. Responsible for tracing dis­placed families and placing children for adoptionin homes throughout Europe and America, shewas the subject of The Search, a 1948 MGMmovie about an American officer who, with Rot­tersman's help, adopts an orphan from the center.She is survived by a son, John; three grandsons;and two brothers.Florence Hyman Levy, X'39, died July 1 at the ageof 78. A resident of Chicago's Lincoln Park, shetaught for 16 years at the University of Illinois Chil­dren's Hospital school, and was one of the firstbraille transcribers of music for the Johanna Bureaufor the Blind and Physically Handicapped. She issurvived by her husband, Robert; two sons; abrother; and a grandchild.Ephraim Spivek, AB'39, AM'46, died of kidneydisease November 15 at Sutter Memorial Hospital inSacramento, CA. A leader in the Sacramento Jewishcommunity, he served on the board of the SutterHospitals Foundation, the World Affairs Council ofSacramento, and the Congregation B'nai .Israel. Sur­vivors include his wife, Ilse, and two daughters.1140sJames E. Griffith, AM'40, died October 16 in anauto accident near his home in Big Bear City, CA. Asocial worker for 33 years, he spent the first half ofhis career with the California Department of MentalHygiene and another 18 years working with delin­quent students in the Los Angeles public schools.He is survived by his wife, Frances; two sons; and adaughter.Grace M. Wilson, AM'41, died December 24 inGrinnell, lA, at the age of 97. An educator at thehigh school level for many years, she taught Eng­'Iish and special reading during World War II at agovernment relocation center in Arizona. A spe­cialist in reading and a supervisor in teacher train­ing, she had served on the staff of Berea College inKentucky for 17 years before retiring in 1963. There are no immediate survivors.William W. Hart, MD'42, of Universal City, TX,died December 19 after suffering a series of smallstrokes. A coin and stamp collector, he spent 23years in the Air Force, leaving in 1975 to enter civilservice at Brooks Air Force Base as chief of clinicalservices. Survivors include his wife, Irene; two sons;a daughter; and five grandchildren.John Y. Gilbert, SM'46, died August 31 inGuerneville, CA, at the age of 77. During WorldWar II, he taught meteorology to Air Force person­nel at UCLA and continued his academic career intothe 1950s, leaving to work for electronic firms insouthern California. In the early 1960s, an engineer­ing job with United Transformer in Forestville, CA,took him and his wife to Sonoma County. Survivorsinclude his wife, Pauline.Walter Ryberg, X'46, died January 6 at the age of91. The longtime resident of Palatine had workedfor the City News Bureau of Chicago for more that40 years, beginning in 1926. In 1950, he waSappointed day city editor and held that positionuntil he retired in 1967. In the late 1950s, hedirected a program at Northwestern's Medill Schoolof Journalism which allowed students to cover citybeats for the News Bureau. Survivors include tWOsons, five grandchildren, a sister, and a brother.Oscar Frederick Schaaf, AM'46, died February 12of cancer at the age of 74. He headed South Eugene(OR) High School's math department from 1954 to1970, and taught mathematics education at the Uni­versity of Oregon from 1954 until his retirement in1988. Schaaf was elder and deacon at WestminsterPresbyterian Church, and a. volunteer tutor. He issurvived by his wife, Meredith; two sons; tWOgranddaughters; and three sisters.Radcliffe Squires, AM'46 , died of an abdominalaneurysm February 14 in Ann Arbor, MI. He was75. The author of seven books of poetry and severalcritical studies, he taught in the English departme�tat the University of Michigan for 30 years, until hISretirement in 1982. His novel about 1st-centUrYRome is scheduled for publication later this year.There are no immediate survivors.Truman L. Dahlberg,Jr., SB'47, president of HarriSPaint Company, died in Tampa, FL. Survivorsinclude his wife; a sister, Jane Dahlberg Gaddis,PhB'46; and a brother, John K. Dahlberg, MBA'63. fJessica House McEnroe, PhB'47, SB'48, 0Burnville, MN, died February 14. She is survived bYher husband Markham]. McEnroe, AB'47, AM'48,and three sons.Victoria Varon Smaller Finkelstein Goldberg,X'49, AM'70, died January 18 in Arlington Heightsat the age of 72. A retired psychiatric social worker,she was director of mental health psychiatric ser­vices for the American Hospital Association froIll1973 to 1984. She is survived by two daughters,including Dana Smaller Sussman, AB'63; a sOlldScott M. Smaller, MBA'84; five grandchildren; allher fiance.joe Starr.1910sd· dHedley V. Cooke, PhD'51, a freelance writer, ieFebruary 3 in Durham, N C. He is survived by 1Idaughter, Miriam, and a son, Arthur.Dione Polakoff Tisius, AM'56, of T orrance, C�'died January 22. She is survived by her husball 'David P. Tisius, AM'59; a son; and a daughter. .Attye Belle Truesdale McGee, AM'59, died ��Tucson, AZ, January 11 at the age of 82. A specIeducation teacher for visually impaired childre;Oshe worked for the Chicago public schools for f'years, retiring in 1975. President of the Beatrice cadfrey Youth Center for 17 years, she also volunteer�efor the NAACP and the Chicago Urban League. 5is survived by her husband, Henry W. McGee,AM'61; a son; two daughters; eight grandchildren;and six great-grandchildren.1980.Stylianus Pichorides, SM'69, PhD'll, a professorin the department of mathematics and statistics atthe University of Cyprus in Greece, died in an acci­dent while attending an international conference onmathematics in Madrid. Survivors include a sister,Chryssanthi.1970.Douglas D. Purvis, AM'70, PhD'73, died in hishome in Kingston, Ontario, of a heart attack whilerecovering from a spinal injury. He was 45. One ofCanada's leading economists, the Queen's Univer­sity professor headed the school's economics depart­ment, was a high-level policy adviser to theCanadian] federal government, and coauthored aneconomics text for first-year university students thatis one of the most widely used in the world. He issurvived by his wife, Trisha, and two sons.1980.Karl H. Matthiesen, MBA'83, a manager withHewlett Packard at its headquarters in Geneva,SWitzerland, died November 5 in Frankfurt, Ger­many. He is survived by his father, a sister, abrother-in-law, and a grandmother.Thomas Bradley Armstrong, MBA'85, died Janu­ary 23 while skiing in Alta, UT. He began his busi­ness career in Seattle with Arthur Andersen &:Company, becoming a manager in 1988. In 1989,he joined Westmark International as a corporateoperations analyst, and later became director of itsoperating company's business information systemsprogram. Survivors include his parents.Notice of Death ReceivedElza A. Crooks, AM'07, February.Bernice Crocker Stoutenborough, X'l1.Rosalie Barnard, PhB'16.Adaline Lincoln Lush, AM'17. Jeannette Lieber Baker, PhB'21, September.Ruth C. Mosser, PhB'21.Amelia Cole Wedderspoon, X'21.Agnes H. Hendricksen, PhB'23, March.Ellen Leconnt Koeper, PhB'25.Angus C. McDonald, MD'25, February.Martha McLendon Evans, PhB'26,JD'27.Clyde H. Leathers, PhB'26.Kurt F. Leidecker, PhD'27, November 1991.Clare Westenfield, AM'28.Angus]. DePinto, SB'29, MD'34, August.Mary Ann English, PhB'29.Anne Z. Moore, AM'29, October.Mary E. Plunkett, PhB'30.George C. Ray, PhB'30.Martin F. Fritz, PhD'31, November.Ella Guze Schulz, SB'31,January.Frank R. Howard, PhB'32,June 1992.Helen Schmidt, PhB'32, February.Maurice Kraines, PhB'33,JD'34, AM'65.Edith Bartlett Coppa, AB'36, February.Gertrude A, Heidenthal, PhD'38.Elizabeth S. Howell-Goggin, AM'38,June 1992.Edouard H. Roditi, AB'38, autumn 1992.Harrison B. Barnard, X'41, November.D. Milo Upjohn, X'41, February.John W. Doolittle, X'42, February.William T. Lyon, SB'43, November.Eleanor Torell Scott, AM'44, April 1992.Frank L. Schick, BLS'47, AM'48, 1992.Jean D. Amberson, PhD'48,January.Florence Durham Finette, SM'48, November.Margaret Bunbury O'Farrell, X'48.Julian Zhou, AM'48, October.Siglinde H. Ruehl, AM'49, December 1991.Corbitt Brooks Rushing, AM'49, summer 1992.Olive Wiberg, AM'49, November.Alice Bever Bryan, AM'51.L. Rene Gaiennie, MBA'51,July.Thomas T. Sugihara, SM'51, PhD'52.Robert E. Shedlock, AB'54.Barbara Holmes Sbarounis, AM'56, February.Darrell D. Kellogg,JD'59, April 1992.William Turnbull, jr., MBA'59.Elsa Zirbes Marland, AM'61.Thomas C. Duer, MBA'64, December.Matthias P. Lowman II, AM'68.BODE'S by AlumniARTS AND LETTERSCory Critchfield Gillilland, AM'60, Sylloge of theUnited States Holdings in the National NumismaticCollection of the Smithsonian Institution: Gold Coins,1785-1834 (Smithsonian Institution Press). Thisvolume begins the Smithsonian Institution's seriesCovering coins from ancient Greece and Rome;medieval and modem Europe and Latin America;and the Islamic, Middle, and Far Eastern areas., Donald L. Hoffmann, X'53, Frank Lloyd Wright'sHollyhock House (Dover Publications). Built forAline Barnsdale in Hollywood, Hollyhock HouseWas Wright's attempt to invent an indigenousarchitectural expression for southern California.This fully illustrated monograph is a companion tothe author's earlier studies of Wright'S Robie Houseand Fallingwater.Donald E. McVicker, AB'55, AM'62, PhD'69,editor and associate curator, Testimony of Images:Pre-Columbian Art (Miami University ArtMuseum). Published in conjunction with theeponymous art exhibit curated by Edna Carter Southard, AM'73, this catalogue contains essays,with accompanying art, on several topics-includ­ing culture and commerce on the Pacific slopes ofGuatemala and El Salvador; the ceramics of westMexico; and Native-American paper, pottery, spin­ning, weaving, and printing.Christine G. Poggi, AM'79, In Defiance of Paint­ing: Cubism, Futurism, and the Invention of Collage(Yale University Press). Collage has traditionallybeen viewed as allied with modernism's search forpurity of means, unity, and autonomy of form.Poggi challenges this view, arguing that collage didnot become a new expression of modernism, but anew language with which to critique modernism.Roberta F. Reeder, AB'63 , translator and editor,Russian Folk Lyrics (Indiana University Press). Inthe introductory essay, newly translated by Reeder,V. JA Propp considers Russian folk lyrics in thesocial and historical context in which they wereproduced, going beyond the formalistic analysisoutlined in his classic Morphology of the Folktale.Reeder supplements Propp's essay with a compre­hensive anthology of examples. Buzz Spector, MFA'78, The Position of the Author(Visual Studies Workshop Press). Made during theauthor's recent residency at the Visual StudiesWorkshop in Rochester, NY, this book of collagesand texts examines the pose of authorship, boththrough the conventions of portraiture and the dis­crepancies between the role of the author and writ­ing itself. The book includes an essay by art criticColin Gardner on Diderot and the author as subject,as well as Spector's own writing and collaged dust­jacket images of authors positioned withinsilhouettes of their books.BIOGRAPHYRex Barney with Norman L. Macht, PhB'47, RexBarney's Thank Youuuu for 50 Years in Baseball fromBrooklyn to Baltimore (Tidewater Publishers). RexBarney, who pitched for the Brooklyn Dodgersduring the 1940s and was an announcer for the Bal­timore Orioles for 22 years, tells of his battle to con­trol his fastball and, in later years, his struggle toovercome illness and a near-fatal stroke. Along theway, he and Macht take the reader into dugouts,clubhouses, and broadcast booths to meet the manypersonalities Barney has known during his 50 yearsin baseball.Milton Mayer, X'32, Robert Maynard Hutchins: AMemoir (University of California Press). Edited byJohn Hicks after Mayer died in 1986, and with aforeword by Studs Terkel, PhB'32, JD'34, thismemoir recounts Hutchins' tenure at the University,beginning in 1929 when he became president at age30. Mayer served as Hutchins' aide, a tutor for theCommittee on Social Thought, assistant professor ofclassics, and academic director of the Great BooksFoundation.Perez D. Zagorin, AB'44, Milton, Aristocrat andRebel: The Poet and His Politics (Boydell &: Brewer).This is a study of John Milton's political philosophyin relationship to his personal and intellectual his­tory as a political man during the English revolution.CRITICISMPeter L. Allen, AM'79, PhD'84, The Art of Love:Amatory Fiction from Ovid to the Romance of theRose (University of Pennsylvania Press). Two majorFrench medieval literary works-Andreas Capel­lanus' De amore and Jean de Meun's Romance of theRose-that claim to teach their readers the art oflove are marked by the contradictions and conflictsthey contain. Allen argues that these books' contra­dictions are not signs of confusion or artistic failure,but instead follow the disruptive structural model ofOvid's first-century elegiac The Art of Love andCures for Love.Walter Blair, AM'26, PhD'31, Essays on AmericanHumor: Blair Through the Ages, selected and editedby Hamlin Hill, PhD'59 (University of WisconsinPress). The late Walter Blair, professor emeritus ofEnglish at the U of C, was the literary scholar whoalmost single-handedly gave the study of Americanhumor significance in the academic world. By cate­gorizing the writings of American literary humoristsinto such diverse styles as Old Southwest, LocalColor, and Literary Comedian, Blair abolished thenotion that they were all practicing the same kind ofintellectual irreverence. Hill has selected andordered this collection to show the scope of Blair'sexpertise.Robert D. Denham, AM'64, PhD'72, editor,Northrop Frye, The Eternal Act of Creation: Essays,1979-1990 (Indiana University Press). This tenthcollection of Northrop Frye's essays brings together12 addresses he gave during the last decade of hislife. Frye considers the relation of his work to con­temporary critical discussion and speculates on theUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 45therapeutic value of literature; discusses biblicaltopics such as the ladder metaphor in the Bible andsubsequent literature; examines Shakespeare's TheTempest, lyric poetry, Henry james, and l Sth-cen­tury literature; and, in three final essays, focuses onCanadian culture.Christopher T. Hodgkins, AM'82, PhD'88,Authority, Church, and Society in George Herbert:Return to the Middle Way (University of MissouriPress). Placing the poetry and prose of Herbert0593-1633) in political and religious contexts,Hodgkins argues that Herbert found his spiritual,social, and aesthetic identity in nostalgia for the"exact middle way" of Anglicanism. This middleway could be characterized by the advocation ofparish ministry; simplicity in liturgy, poetry, andchurch architecture; and preference for constitu­tionally limited monarchy and episcopacy ratherthan rule by divine right.FICTIOI AID POETRYStephen D. Levine, AB'76, To and For (CoffeeHouse Press). This diverse collection of poetry,inspired by the sound poetry of the GermanDadaists and the automatic writing of French Surre­alists, ranges from minimalist one-liners to a full­blown theater-of-the-absurd play.William F. Love, MBA'?2, Bishop's Revenge (FinePublishers). In Love's fourth Bishop ReganlDaveyGoldman mystery, the duo is persuaded to help EddieGoody, who crippled Regan in a robbery attempt nineyears ago and is guilty of every crime in the book­except the murder for which he's been jailed.HISTORYRondo Cameron, PhD'52, A Concise EconomicHistory of the World from Paleolithic Times to thePresent, 2nd ed. (Oxford University Press). "Thesynopsis is in the title," says the author. Available inFrench, Spanish, German, Italian, and Dutch trans­lations, as well as a Chinese version prepared andpublished by Henan University Press.Michael A. Gomez, AB'81, AM'82, PhD'85, Prag­matism in the Age of Jihad: The Precolonial State ofBundu (Cambridge University Press). Bundu is ananomaly among the precolonial Muslim states ofWest Africa: founded during the jihads which sweptthe West African savanna in the 18th and 19th cen­turies, it developed a pragmatic policy for govern­ment unique in the surrounding fundamentalist,theocratic Muslim states. Drawing upon a widerange of sources both oral and documentary, inArabic, English, and French, Gomez provides thefirst full account of Bundu's history.Robert L. Schmitz, SB'36, MD'38, and Timothy T.Oh, editors, The Remarkable Surgical Practice ofJohnBenjamin Murphy (University of Illinois Press).Internationally known as a medical pioneer,Murphy treated those injured in the HaymarketSquare riot and many of his innovations-physicalexamination, experimental surgery, intestinal amas­tomosis, bone grafting, joint surgery, and nerverepair-remain current today. This collection offersa comprehensive picture of a man whose publicity­seeking roused the animosity of some of his col­leagues, but who remained in the forefront of hisprofession for more than 30 years.MEDICIIE AID HEALTHMary Coleman, AB'49 , and Christopher Gillberg,The Biology ,of the Autistic Syndromes,. 2nd ed. (Cam­bridge University Press). This medical textbook forphysicians diagnosing and treating autistic childrenincludes a complete medical, neurological, and neu­ropsychiatric assessment of an individual with46 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993Under the microscope (see Social Sciences).autism. The rest of the book explains in detail whyeach item of the evaluation is needed.Mary Coleman, AB'49 , and Paul Rogers, MedicalCare in Down's Syndrome: A Preventive MedicineApproach (Marcel Dekker). This medical textbookintroduces a series, by age group, of medical preven­tive checklists intended to detect the complicationsof Down's syndrome early enough to head them off.Besides the standard medical care chapters, thereare chapters on obesity, dental care, controversialtherapies, legal and financial advice, and contempo­rary research.Barry R. Dworkin, AB'66, Learning and Physiologi­cal Regulation (University of Chicago Press). Thismonograph challenges the traditional concept ofhomeostasis and argues that learning mechanisms ofthe nervous system are essential to regulation. Com­bining physiological and behavioral data with math­ematical analysis and computer models, the authorsynthesizes the work of Pavlov and W.B. Cannon.Charles Leslie, AM'50, PhD'59, and Allan Young,editors, Paths to Asian Medical Knowledge (Univer­sity of California Press). Like its classic predecessor,Asian Medical Systems, this book is guided by theidea that comparative studies must show how formsof belief and practice about illness are embedded inthe symbols and worldviews that characterize civi­lizations. These new essays focus on issues ofhumoral and biomedical traditions to ask: How dopatients and practitioners know what they know?What reasoning do they find persuasive, and underwhat circumstances?POLITICAL SCIEICE AID LAWCharles E. Butterworth, AM'62, PhD'66, and I.W.Zartman, editors, Political Islam (The AmericanAcademy of Political and Social Science). This spe­cial issue of Annals of the American Academy of Polit­ical and Social Science, no. 524, consists of 14 essaysby specialists in Middle East politics and society,each of whom addresses, from different perspec­tives, the growing strength of adherence to Islam.Sharon M. Keigher, AM'?l, PhD'85, editor, Hous­ing Risks and Homelessness Among the Urban Elderly(Haworth Press). Originally published as a specialissue of the Journal of Housing and the Elderly, this book reports research on the needs of Chicago'Selderly as seen by the city's emergency service agen­cies. Issues of note include federal abandonment oflow-income housing, the disappearance of SRO(single-room occupancy) housing, and unmethealth and social needs of the aged.Nathan Linsk, AM'74, PhD'82, Sharon M.Keigher, AM'?l, PhD'85, Lori Simon-Rusinowtz,and Suzanne England, Wages for Caring: Compensat­ing Family Care of the Elderly (Praeger Press).Research on states' policies to support or deny com­pensation to family members who provide personalcare for the disabled is assessed and compared withpolicies of other Western nations. In-depth atten­tion focuses on policies in Illinois and Michigan. .David H. Rosenbloom, AM'66, PhD'69, and PatrI­cia Ingraham, editors, The Promise and Paradox ofCivil Service Reform (University of Pittsburgh Press�.The U.S. Civil Service reform of 1978, which Pres1-dent Carter once referred to as the "centerpiece" ofhis efforts to increase government efficiency, isanalyzed in this book..David H. Rosenbloom, AM'66, PhD'69, Pub heAdministration: Understanding Management, PoliticS,and Law in the Public Sector, 3rd ed. (McGraw Hill)·The book argues that the traditional managerialfocus of American public administration is tOOnarrow-consequently, public administration edU­cation should also emphasize the values andprocesses of bureaucratic politics and law.Vernon W. Ruttan, AM'50, PhD'52, editor, WhyFood Aid? (johns Hopkins University Press). Ruttanbrings together essays and commentary focusing �nthe problems, the options, and the future of food a1dpolicy. In his introductory and concluding chapters,Ruttan traces the politics of policy from the passageof the first food aid legislation in 1954 through theAgricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990;he also documents the forces that influenced con­gressional action and offers a perspective for the1990s on food aid to developing countries as well asto the former centrally planned economies.Alan C. Swan, jD'57, and john Murphy, The Reg­ulation of International Business and Economic Rela­tions (Matthew Bender &: Co.). Recognized by theAmerican Society of International Law as one of t�etwo best books published in 1991 and awarded 1tscertificate of merit, this traditional casebook for la�school teaching offers a comprehensive study 0both the public law and private transactional aspectsof the international economy.REFEREICEJune Bonner Mullins, PhB'46, SM'48, joan Br�stFriedberg, and Adelaide Weir Sukiennik, portrayIngPersons with Disabilities: An Annotated BibliographYof Nonfiction for Children and Teenagers (R.R;Bowker). This bibliography updates the authorsI1985 compilation on the same theme, Accept Me asAm. New features include coverage of books o�AIDS and annotations that cite reviews in. a bro�s_range of relevant journals. Early chapters bnefly dcuss historical attitudes toward disabilities and mor�contemporary trends and legislation; subsequ�f.chapters are organized around categories of disab1 dties-physical, sensory, cognitive!behavioral, anmultiple/severe.RELIGIOI AID PHILOSOPHYCharles E. Butterworth, AM'62, PhD'66, editO�The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy, �ssays.:yHonor of Muhsin s. Mahdi (Harvard Ull1ver:�4Press). These essays, presented to Mahdi, PhD. h�by some of his former students, seek to shed hg don the ways Islamic philosophers have a��ress�sthe relationship between religion and pohUcs.members of a community guided by a revealed law,such philosophers are in a unique position toaddress perennial political questions.John F. Callahan, PhD'40, editor, GregoriiNysseni De oratione dominica, De beatitudinibus(E.]. Brill). This volume of the critical edition Gre­gorii Nysseni Opera, sponsored by the HarvardInstitute for Classical Studies, explores the workof Gregory of Nyssa, one of the CappadocianFathers of the fourth century who undertook theamalgamation of the scriptural text and the Greekphilosophical tradition.1. William Countryman, AB'62, AM'74, PhD'77,Good News ofJesus: Reintroducing the Gospel (TrinityPress International and Cowley Publications). Con­centrating on Jesus and his "good news," the authorseeks to make an essential message of Christianityavailable to readers in a new way.Robert S. Ellwood, AM'65, PhD'67, Islands of theDawn: The Story of Alternative Spirituality in NewZealand (University of Hawaii Press). Alternativespiritual movements have flourished throughoutNew Zealand's post-contact history, from little­known UFO cults and the exotic Order of theGolden Dawn to the more popular and widespreadSpiritualism and Theosophy. This book explores thehistory of these and other spiritual traditions duringthe past two centuries.Raymond]. Nelson, PhD'49, Naming and Refer­ence (Routledge). This critical survey examines theseman tical theories of reference of Locke, Peirce,Brentano, Frege, Russell, Strawson, Tarski, Carnap,QUine, Kripke, and Fodor. The second sectionoffers a theory of direct nominal reference drawingon Peirce and updated in terms of computabilitytheory; the last chapter relates this theory toChomsky'S views on language and to Edelman's"neural Darwinism."SCIENCE AND ,.ECBNOLOGYR. Ranney Mize, AM'74, PhD'75, R. Marc, and A.Sillito, editors, GABA in the Retina and CentralVisual System (Elsevier Science Publishers).Although the inhibitory role of gamma-aminobu­tyric acid (GABA) in the visual system has beenrecognized for some time, important new insightsinto GABA's function have been made in the pastfew years. This volume in the Progress in BrainResearch series summarizes current understandingof the organization and function of GABA in thevisual system, and illustrates the similarities anddifferences in GABA organization in the differentregions of the visual brain.Matthew H. Nitecki, SM'62, PhD'68, and DorisVinton Nitecki, AM'57, editors, History and Evolu­tion (State University of New York Press). Problemsand processes-and differences and similarities­between the disciplines of evolutionary biology andhuman history are examined.Wayne A. Proell, SB'37, High Efficiency InternalCombustion Engines (Cloud Hill Press). The secondin a series on exploratory thermodynamics, thisbook 'presents the results of a wide-ranging studytOward greatly improving the efficiency of manykinds of internal combustion heat engines-anddiscusses the social implications of improving auto-1l10bile and power-station engines.SOCIAL SCIENCESPatricia Heller Adler, AM'74, Wheeling and Deal­ing, 2nd ed. (Columbia University Press). The firstedition of Adler's book, based on six years of par­ticipant-observation research in a community of�pper-Ievel drug traffickers, gave a rare glimpselnto that subculture. This second edition bringsthe story up-to-date, revealing the fates of Adler's key informants. Tracing their lives over a 15-yearspan, Adler offers a longitudinal perspective ondeviant careers and the reintegration of dealersinto conventional society. She also analyzes theunintended consequences of the federal govern­ment's "war on drugs."F. Allen Hanson, AM'63, PhD'66, Testing Testing:Social Consequences of the Examined Life (Universityof California Press). America's preoccupation withtesting-for aptitude, intelligence, truthfulness,integrity, or drugs-has resulted in an array of tech­niques dedicated to probing, perusing, and record­ing every detail of our personalities and lifeexperiences. Hanson explores the unintended (andoften undesirable) consequences of this preoccupa­tion, in which the test givers acquire almost godlikestatus, tests become instruments of social regimen­tation and discipline, and people are evaluated lessfor their present qualifications or knowledge thanfor what the test results predict about potentialbehavior or actions.Joseph A. Kuypers, AM'62, PhD'69, Man's Will toHurt: Investigating the Causes, Supports, and Varietiesof His Violence (Fernwood Publishing). The authorargues that, as a social construction, men's use andthreat of pain achieves many "benefits": power,profit, pleasure, sexual legitimacy, and membershipin male-organized society, among others. Identify­ing how men code their will to hurt to make itmoral, and how they ignore the drastic realities ofexcessive male violence, this book also shows howmale violence is entrenched in society and infusedinto concepts of masculinity and sexuality.Frederic G. Reamer, AM'75, PhD'78, The Philo­sophical Foundations of Social Work (Columbia Uni­versity Press). Although the field of social work hasgrown to encompass such issues as mental illness,aging, substance abuse, and community develop­ment, Reamer argues that the profession'S philo­sophical foundations have gone largely un­examined. This book explores core philosophicalissues in the field and demonstrates their far-reach­ing implications for practice and research.Robert K. Ritner, PhD'87, The Mechanics ofAncient Egyptian Magical Practice (Oriental Insti­tute Press). To date, no treatment of Egyptianmagic has concentrated upon the practice of themagician. While the religious elements in the con­tents of recited spells have been emphasized, theaccompanying instructions-with their vignettesand lists of materials, instruments, and ritualaction-have remained uninvestigated. This studyrepresents the first critical examination' of such"magical techniques," revealing their Widespreadappearance and pivotal significance for all Egyptian"religious" practices from the earliest periodsthrough the Coptic era, influencing as well theGreco-Egyptian magical papyri.,.RAVELEdward C. Fritz, AB'38, X'40, Realms of Beauty:The Wildernesses of East Texas (University of TexasPress). Six forests where native biodiversity hassurvived are portrayed in photography and text,with advice to readers on how to find and tourthese forests.Nancy Sherer Kapstein, AM'62, editor, Hints forLiving in Belgium, 14th ed. (American Women'sClub of Brussels). This volume contains a wealth ofinformation for newcomers on getting around,about, and along in Belgium.For inclusion in "Books by Alumni," please sendthe name of the book, its author, its publisher, anda short synopsis to the Books Editor, University ofChicago Magazine, 5757 S. Woodlawn Ave.,Chicago, IL 60637. Other VoicesContinued from page 48to an 8:30 a.m. class. I try not to reflect onthe implications.I'm without a life map and I'm not alone.As a high school senior I had standardizedtests and college applications heaped onmy plate. Not so as a senior in college.No one makes you take the GRE or LSATor MCAT. No one makes you sign up forcareer placement. As I marched down theaisle in my overheated black gown, I real­ized I'd have to come up with the next step.On my own.BUT THEN AGAIN, I'M HARDLY THE LONEpioneer of uncertainty. Our grand­parents lived through the depres­sion and the Second World War,our parents through the fear of the atomicbomb, our aunts and uncles through Viet­nam. Our older brothers and sisters livedthrough discos and leisure suits.We all face the fear of lost expectations, ofliving in a "free world" that still can't clotheor feed its people, of living in a "free coun­try" that nurtures racism and sexism. Mypoint? Those of us just starting our adultlives really aren't any different from thosewho came before us.Most people I knew in college smoked,everyone drank, and the vast majority hadunsafe sex on occasion. It's not what peoplewant to hear in this decade of "friends­don't-let-friends-drive-drunk" and AIDSawareness, but it's the truth. We are not dif­ferent from other generations-"fun" justpromises graver implications.Self-appointed voices of our generationhave lamented our lack of title but that per­haps is entirely the point. The people Iknow are worried about where our dues­paying is taking us. We aren't sitting up atnight trying on "Generation X" for size, weare wondering if our tum is coming in theforeseeable future. We know many well­educated people with years of experienceare out of work. We know our needs andfinancial responsibilities are small. Butwhere are the paths that used to exist?Doesn't the mailroom clerk ever becomeCEO anymore?We are standing at the end of a line, wait­ing to be admitted to the great Americandream. Some of us are wondering if theshow's going to be canceled before we takeour seats.Megan Garvey, AB'92, works as a news aidefor the Washington Post.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993 47therVoicesStart AllOver AgainBy Megan GarveyI 'M IN MY FRESHMAN YEAR OF LIFE. FRESHout of college and far from home. Inthe language of taxes, I am no longer adependent. I'm on my own-young,unencumbered, ambitious, and hardwork­ing. And a good part of the time I'm broke,bored, purposeless, and perplexed. I under­stand why newborns scream. They wantback in .. .I want back in. School was warmand cozy and predictable.But here we are, the next generation. Theones politicians are talking about when theytalk about having ruined the future for "ourchildren." Except we aren't children anymore. We are young adults hearing we willbe the first generation not to surpass ourparents' standard of living. We stream for­ward from high schools and colleges into a"slow growth" economy. We watch whilecompanies layoff our mothers and fathers.We know we are not the replacements.A year ago visions of falling one creditshort of graduation kept me awake at night.Jobs? Insurance? My nightmares were fullenough with B.A. papers and tuition billsstomping in my head.Real life was in the distant future.Now I'm steamrolling through my firstyear out of school since I was 4 years old. Icouldn't tell you when I pulled my last all­nighter. A few weeks ago when I tried toparty into the wee hours, my stomachbetrayed me. People tell me these are mybest years, but when I'm not working I feelguilty. As far as I can tell, the 20s are theyears you spend all your waking hourstrying to make it, so that one day you nolonger retrieve coffee for everyone else inthe office. Best years of my life? Anythingseems great when compared to junior highschool; that said, I'm withholding judg­ment. Being twentysomething? A guy Iwork with summed it up when he said thathe knew life was unfair when he started48 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/JUNE 1993You've made it throughcollege. Now it's on to thegame 01 lile. But-wait aminute-did somebodychange the rules?losing his hair before his skin cleared up.A full-page ad in the New York Times saidthe average businessman buys his firsthouse by the age of 24. Define "average."For that matter, define "businessman."Luckily I had a paper bag handy and couldcut my panic attack short. People my ageget married and have babies and no oneblinks an eye. Me, I can only peer towardthe possibility with my face cast in thatterror pose we all get during the "badscenes" in horror movies. The ones youwant to see but can't quite make yourselflook at.I'm constantly chased by the feeling Icould be using my time more wisely. Iregret some of the class dodging I did atschool, although I continue to live a fulllife despite boycotting the Iliad and theOdyssey. In the past year I've cracked a few . sbad books. I've also peeked at some cbssiC .Sped through Native Son, perused Thl�Count of Monte Cristo. Looking at any welfstocked bookshelf, I know I have years 0reading to even approach erudition. I'J1lafraid I'll never get there.I was liberally educated, which explainswhy I have more difficulty deciphering b�wefit pamphlets than I had summarizIngKant. I still can't fill out the basic IRS forJ1l�I'm beginning to understand who I am, btlI have no idea where I am going. WheIewill I be ten years from now? I honest 'I. rca'can't even begin to understand the Imp Itions of that question. I do know I agree't stlrewith a friend who told me she wasn hwhat she expected after graduation, but �o�knew she expected to have a decent JI'J1lafter two years. With one year to go,wondering: what's "decent"? 'ngSo far the real world has meant sort� gmail, fixing archaic printers, and delive�n gfaxes. Most importantly, it means wa��,up on time every morning. I flunked caitIus as a first-year because I couldn't makege 41Continued on pa\\On the bright side of the road: Senior marshals race to the front of the graduation processional. Photo by Dan Dry.4-·��**************CAR-RT-SORT**CR042318977The University of ChicagoLibrarySerial Reco�ds DepartmentU }.a6 I:"as t 59 tb;:_S.:t'r;:·:ietChicago, IL 60637 ---THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINERobie House, 5757 WoodlawnChicago, IL 60637ADDRESS CORREc'nON REQUESTED