Xhe University ofCHlCAdbVlagaziFrë^ummer 1985Lthere is no joyin Mudville..."?? ????**International University of Chicago Day is July 28,Save the Date! ? ??LETTERSA MESSAGE OF LOVEEditor:I am deeply moved by Davidson Loehr's"To Care Without Judging."My son was thrice decorated for valor inVietnam, but we never talk about his expériences. Perhaps if I simply give him thearticle toread, it willbe a message of love.(name withheld by request)THANKS TODAVIDSON LOEHREditor:Each issue of the Magazine is an out-standing product but the Spring, 1985, édition is a triumph!Congratulations to you and thanks toDavidson Loehr for sharing so eloquentlyhis sensitive perceptions.As to computers: the new Fair PracticesCode must require equal respect regardlessof âge, race, sex or computer literacy.Harriet Pope, PhB'48, AM'52Los Angeles, CAPROFESSOR EMERITUS,PLEASE!Editor:I always find at least one pièce in theMagazine interesting; in the Spring, 1985, issue there were two: your excellent article oncomputers, and Davidson Loehr's sensitiveand, I believe, accurate assessment of theVietnam War.However, please refer to page 35, col-umn 3, the entry under Dorothy T. Hayes.The word "professor" is a Latin masculinenoun which we hâve taken over. Its modifier must also be masculine. There can be nosuch thing as a "professor emerita" evenwhen describing a woman since the adjec-tive does not refer to her, but to the noun,professor.J. Periam Danton, PhD'35Berkeley, CAA SALUTE TOMAUREEN PATTERSONEditor:I am delighted to see your article "WhatResearch Will be Hot in 2084?" in the Win-ter issue of the University of Chicago Magazine.The bibliographer's job is often underratedand misunderstood, but those of us whouse the University of Chicago libraries forresearch know how important and valuabletheir contribution to our work and the li-brary's holdings is. However, I am surprised that you didnot give any space to the excellent SouthAsia Collection in Regenstein. Founded inthe days of Harper Library by Maureen L.PPatterson, who recently retired af ter twen-ty-f ive years of building and expanding thecollection and its use, the South Asia re-sources at Regenstein are among, if not thebest, in the country. Any South Asia scholarwho has tried to use PL480 purchases inother library sites appréciâtes the excellentjob done at Chicago to catalogue, sort, andmake available thèse valuable resourcesfrom South Asia. James Nye, who becameSouth Asia bibliographer in Septemberwhen Miss Patterson retired, is carrying onthis research tradition, responding toscholarly requests and queries, and assur-ing future générations of South Asia schol-ars that not only will there be resources, butthey will be available and accessible. Schol-ars corne from ail over the country andabroad to use this collection, and it de-serves notice and appréciation.Joan L. Erdman, AM'75, PhD'80Chicago, ILA HISTORICBEGINNINGEditor:I enjoyed very much Donald Levine'sarticle on the Collège. However, I questionhis dating the beginning of the Collège as1942. For those of us who were juniors andseniors at U. High in the fall of 1939, it beganthen. When we returned that fall, we foundthat we had been moved out of high schoolto an old house at 5810 Woodlawn to estab-lish the Four Year Collège. Our classes wereheld there and on campus. We took gym atIda Noyés and not Sunny gym. Abouttwenty students were added to our juniorclass on scholarships to the new Four YearCollège.Because of our insistence on tradition,our class of '41 was the Iast allowed to grad-uate from high school at the senior level. Itwas exciting to be part of the beginning ofthe Collège, and it troubled me to find thisbit of history not acknowledged in Levine'sexcellent article.Mary Lou Munts, AM'47Madison, WILevine replies: In describing the second Hut-chins Collège that officially began in 1942, I notedthat it "gestated" under the deanship of AaronBrumbaugh (1935-41). That was an elliptical référence to thefact that the four-year program wasinitiated on an expérimental basis in 1937 and ranfor some years concurrently with the "New Plan" two-year program. It was in that pilot version ofthe 14-comp Collège that Commissioner Muntshappily participated.DONT FORGET THEGREAT BOOKSEditor:As a 1947 graduate of the Collège of theUniversity of Chicago (the Hutchins Collège), I found Donald Levine's article on theCollège to be interesting and full of information I had not known before.I was surprised that Mr. Levine made nomention of the Great Books curriculum ofthe Collège because we students and pro-fessors then thought that was one of thevery signif icant aspects of the Collège.When I attended the Collège in 1946-47the admission of the large number of vétérans like myself had rather swamped and ob-scured the character of the four-year collègeafter two years of high school idea. To us itwas a way to get a collège degree in twoyears and thus make up for some of the timewe had lost in the service.I was also amused that there were twodegree options available then. If a studenttook ail of the required courses, they re-ceived the B. A. degree but there was the option of substituting nine "advanced divi-sional courses" for two of the last yearcollège survey courses (nine one-quartercourses equaling two one-year collègecourses) and being awarded a Ph.B. degree.I took that option and was able in that wayto speed up my éducation even further.But I hâve always been amused becauseby substituting two science séquences(chemistry and zoology) instead of takingtwo collège séquences (Observation, Interprétation and Intégration — OU— andHumanities 3— both of which had high phi-losophy content) I received a Bachelor ofPhilosophy degree instead of a B.A. So bynot taking those two "philosophy"courses, I got a philosophy degree.But in the years (1965-79) that I spent asa professor, I learned how those thingshappen.My éducation did get speeded up and inf ive years at the University of Chicago, I ob-tained the Ph.B., B.S., M.S., and M. B.A.degrees. Then later at other schools, aPh.D. and a LL.B. But I hâve often thoughtthat the foundation éducation I received in"the Hutchins Collège" was the most signif icant of ail my éducation.George R. Wren,PhB'47, SB'49, SM'49, MBA'51Clarkston, GAEditorFelicia Antonelli Holton, AB'50DesignerDiane HutchinsonThe University of Chicago Office ofAlumni Af fairsRobie House5757 South Woodlawn AvenueChicago, Illinois 60637Téléphone: (312)753-2175Président, The University of ChicagoAlumni AssociationMichael Klowden, AB'67Executive Directorof University Alumni Af fairsCarol Jenkins Linné, AB'66Associate Directorof University Alumni Af fairsRuth HalloranNational Program DirectorBette ArnettChicago Area Program DirectorMark Reinecke, AM'81Director, Alumni Schools CommitteeJ.Robert Bail, Jr., X'70The University of ChicagoAlumni AssociationExecutive Committee, the CabinetMichael Klowden, AB'67Edward J. Anderson, PhB'46, SM'49Robert O. Anderson, AB'39Patricia C. Cassimatis, AB'67, MAT'69Peter A. Goodsell, AB'71Mary Lou Gorno, MBA'76William B. Graham, SB'32, ]D'36Patricia Rosenzweig, AB'61Barbara Wagonfeld, AB'58Clyde Watkins, AB'67Faculty/ Alumni Advisory Committeeto the University of Chicago MagazineEdward W. Rosenheim, AB'39AM'47 PhD'53, ChairmanDavid B. and Clara E. SternProfessor, Department of Englishand the CollègeWalter J. Blum, AB'39, JD'41Wilson-Dickinson Professor,the Law SchoolGreta Wiley Flory, PhB'48CarlLavin, AB'79John A. SimpsonArthur Holly Compton DistinguishedService Professor, Department ofPhysics and the CollègeLorna P. Straus, SM'60, PhD'62Associate Professor, Department ofAnatomy and the CollègeLinda Thoren, AB'64, JD'67The University of Chicago Magazine ispublished by the University of Chicagoin coopération with the AlumniAssociation. Published continuouslysince 1907. Editorial Office: RobieHouse, 5757 Woodlawn Avenue,Chicago, Illinois 60637. Téléphone (312)753-2323. Copyright© 1985 by theUniversity of Chicago. Published fourtimes a year, Autumn, Winter, Spring,Summer. The Magazine is sent to ailUniversity of Chicago alumni. Pleaseallow four weeks for change of address.Second class postage paid at Chicago,Illinois, and at additional mailing offices. The University ofCHICAGOMagazine /Summer 1985Volume 77, Number 4 (ISSN-9508)Page 14Page 20Cover: Mudville's most famousplayer, the mighty Casey himself,in a typical pose. (Drawing byRobert J. Wallenius).Typesettïngby Skrïpps & Associates. Chicago. IN THIS ISSUEThe Good Citizen — A ThreatenedSpecies?By Morris JanowitzHow can we teach people about their civicresponsibilities? Would a form of national servicefulf ill this function?Page 6DUNHAMBy Marianne EismannKatherine Dunham, anthropologist and dancer,receives some long overdue récognition.Page 14Triple Célébration at Woodward CourtFaculty, students, and alumni give Pera and IzaakWirszup a fond sendoff, on their retirement asrésident masters.Page 20The MatchmakerLetitia Lestina's self-appointed rôle in life is toshow high school students how exciting ascientif ic career can be.Page 24"... there is no j oy in Mudville . . ."By Martin GardnerIn time for the baseball season, the author relatesthe origins of the famous poem, "Casey at the Bat."Page 28DEPARTMENTSChicago JournalClass NewsDeathsBooks 2344647CHICAGO JOURNALLEVI,MELTZER,ANDNEALHONOREDAs part of the Law School's alumnicélébration in May three distinquishedprofessors emeriti were honored at theAlumni Association's annual dinner.More than 600 Law School alumniattended the May 2 tribute to EdwardH. Levi, PhB'32, JD'35, the Glen A.Lloyd Distinguished Service Professor in the Collège, Law School, Committee on Social Thought, and Committee on Public Policy Studies, Président Emeritus, Honorary Trustée,and former U.S. Attorney General;Bernard D. Meltzer, AB'35, JD'37Distinguished Service ProfessorEmeritus; and Phil Neal, the Harry A.Bigelow Professor Emeritus.Robert Bork, JD '53, and AbnerMikva, JD '51, both judges on the U.S.Court of Appeals for the District ofColumbia, and Warren Christopher,former Deputy Secretary of State,spoke in honor of the three LawSchool professors.Two days later ground was bro-ken for the Law School's new libraryextension, which will be achievedby removing the south façade of thelibrary and extending the buildingforty-f ive feet south, creating room foroffices and as many as 250,000 morebooks. The extension is being fundedby a $4-million gif t from Chicago attorney Dino D'Angelo, AB '42, JD '44,whose name the new library will bear.LIBERTRECEIVESNCAASCHOLARSHIPKeith Libert, a Collège studentmajoring in the biological sciences,was awarded an NCAA postgraduatescholarship, which recognizes athlèteswho achieve academically. He is oneof four in the national Division II-IIILeague and the second in the historyof the University to win this scholarship. Libert played center on the var-sity basketball team and is a f our-time All-Midwestern Conférenceperformer. William Raspberry, nationally syndicatednewspaper columnist, was a Visiting Fellow oncampus recently.HELLIE AWARDED1984LAINGPRIZERichard Hellie, AB'58, AM'60,PhD'65, professor in the departmentof history and chairman of the RussianCivilization Program in the Collège,has been awarded the 1984 Gordon J.Laing Prize for his book Slavery inRussia 1450-1725. The annual awardhonors the most distinguished bookwritten by a faculty member and published by the University of ChicagoPress in the previous two years. Hellie'sbook, published in 1982, analyzes thehighly unusual System of slavery inearly modem Russia, in which impov-erished Russians sold themselves totheir wealthier countrymen."Slavery was Russia's safety net,its welfare System," said Hellie in hisacceptance speech. "Slavery in earlymodem Russia may well help to ex-plain why gulag and collectivizationwere possible, and may also shedsome light on the origins of whatmany view as the peculiar nature ofthe Soviet-Marxist System." In 1972Hellie, who has written on the law, themilitary and commerce in Russianhistory, published Enserfment and Military Change in Muscovy, which won theAmerican Historical Association'sHerbert Baxter Adams Prize. UNIVERSITY ESTABLISHESCENTURYAWARDSThis year the University willlaunch the Century Program to estab-lish a comprehensive new séries off inancial awards designed to attracttop graduate students to departmentsthroughout the University. The Century Program was given that name aspart of the University's préparations tocelebrate its Centennial in 1992, saidPrésident Hanna Gray when she an-nounced the new awards in her annualState of the University message."It seemed right to be drawingattention to the central importance ofrenewing our graduate tradition, oftaking leadership in a cause that theCentennial should celebrate," saidPrésident Gray.The Century Program will admin-ister three différent kinds of f inancialawards— fellowships, tuition scholar-ships and merit prizes— to be conferredon the top applicants in departmentsacross the University. Approximatelyseventy-f ive Century Fellowships,which include full-tuition support andstipend for four years, will be awardedin a number of departments, especial-ly but not limited to the humanitiesand social sciences. A similar numberof Century Scholarships, providingfour-year full-tuition grants, will beawarded to applicants in the humanities and social sciences. Century MeritPrizes will be awarded to applicantsacross ail divisions.AWARD OF MERITTO RICHARD STERNRichard Stem, professor of Eng-lish, received the 1985 Award of MeritMedal for the Novel from the American Academy and Institute of Arts andLetters. The $5,000 Award of Merit isgiven to an outstanding Americanartist in one of thèse six catégories:poetry painting, the novel, the shortstory drama and sculpture.Stern has authored seven novelsand three collections of short stories,and is completing another novel. "IUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUiVVIER 1985think one of the most striking featuresof his novels is that he combines mov-ing and plausible action with some ofthe more interesting ideas of the twen-tieth century," commented RobertStreeter, the Edward L. Ryerson Distinguished Service Professor and actingchairman of the English department."The novels are deeply thoughtful andmoving. He deals with issues that con-cern both the personalities and sensi-tivities of the times in which he lives."Stem was a Guggenheim Fellowin 1973-74, won the 1968 fiction awardfrom the National Institute of Arts andLetters, the Cari Sandburg Award in1979, and Arts Council Awards in 1979and 1981. Stem said that the Award ofMerit Medal was "totally unexpectedand probably totally undeserved,which doesn't mean I'm not goingto pick it up."FOUR FACULTYWIN NSF AWARDSFour faculty members in the phy-sical sciences division received Presi-dential Young Investigator Awardsfrom the National Science Foundation. The awards are for $25,000 peryear for as long as f ive years and forup to $37,500 per year to match fund-ing from the private sector.The four winners are: AriehKonigl, assistant professor in astron-omy and astrophysics; ThéodoreSlaman, assistant professor in mathe-matics; Mark Oreglia, assistant professor in physics; and Stephen Shenker,assistant professor in physics. Koniglis studying high energy streams of mat-ter, astrophysical jets which are emit-ted by some quasars, galactic nuclei,and newly formed stars. Slaman stu-dies the computablility of functions ofreal numbers and integers in the sub-f ield of mathematical logic called re-cursive theory. Oreglia is determiningthe distribution of quarks in nuclei bystudying the ef fects of collisions ofneutrinos and protons. He is alsohelping to plan an experiment thatwill evaluate the decay of the newlydiscovered Z particles. Shenker stud-ies the interface between quantumfield théories of subatomic physicsand statistical physics. ASSOCIATE PROVOSTNAMED FOR COMPUTINGRobert Graves, AB'43, deputydean and professor in the GraduateSchool of Business, was appointed tothe newly created position of associateprovost for Computing and information Systems. The Board of Computing Activities and Services, chaired byGraves, will continue its advisory rôleto the provost. Graves will be respon-sible for the development and administration of the University's policieson computers and information Systems, according to provost NormanBradburn, AB'52."This appointment will allow us todevelop a coordinated policy for bothcentralized and distributed Computing," Bradburn said. "With computers permeating every aspect of theUniversity, it's time for us to establisha central off icer to coordinate theirdevelopment. Bob Graves is an idéalchoice; he has been in large part re-sponsible for the business school'scomputer policy, which could be akind of model."AMICK, TREIBERGSRECEIVESLOANFELLOWSHIPSCharles Amick and AndrejsTreibergs hâve been awarded $25,000Sloan Research Fellowships, givenannually to "scientists and economistsof extraordinary promise."Amick is an associate professor inmathemàtics and is particularly inter-ested in the mathemàtics of f luids andwaves. Treibergs is an assistant professor of mathemàtics, specializingin differential geometry and partialdifferential équations.HUMANITIES OPEN HOUSESCHEDULED FOR OCTOBER 5The sixth annual HumanitiesOpen House, to be held on Saturday,October 5, will include programs ontopics ranging from ancient Egypt toAnglo-Irish poetry, from rare booksto Shakespearean Opéra, and fromCleopatra to Dr. Johnson. Philip Gossett, Robert W. Reneker Distinguished Service Professor in theDepartment of Music and the Collège,will give the keynote address. TheOriental Institute, Robie House, andMidway Studios, among other university landmarks, will be open for tours.The Open House is a day-longevent, open to the community alumni, students, and potential students.Admission is free but guests mustregister at 9 a. m. in the North Loungeof the Reynolds Club. For more information or a brochure write the Humanities Open House, 1050 E. 59 St., orcall (312) 962-8527PHYSICS FACULTY//LEARN"BYTEACHINGIsaac Abella has given hundredsof physics lectures, many of them inRyerson 251. This spring he faced anaudience there that made him feel asif he were teaching for the first time."Nervous?" he asked afterward."I was more than nervous."What would f ill a Quantrell Awardwinner so full of trépidation? It was anexperiment, one designed to studywhy the teaching of physics often failsto reach libéral arts students at thisand every other collège."We needed feedback from students who were scientif ically naivebut who were articulate and experi-enced in teaching," said HellmutFritzsche, chairman and professor ofphysics and organizer of the experiment. "The University has many suchpeople among its faculty, and we werelucky enough to obtain their enthusi-astic coopération for our experiment."Abella, and his colleague MelvynShochet, associate professor of physics, were asked in two lectures each toteach some of their most respectedcolleagues in humanities and the social sciences the rudiments of physics — "Waves in Elastic Media" and"Einstein 's New Concepts of Space,Time, and the Simultaneity of Events."Their "students"' comments and written analyses would then serve as awindow on the expériences presum-ably shared by libéral arts students butnot often articulated by them."Since Ryerson was built forAlbert Michelson in 1894, we hâveseen a révolution in physical science,"Fritzsche said, "but our teachingmethods hâve not matched that."Sheila Tobias, author of OvercomingMath Anxiety, f irst suggested the ideaof the experiment."You are guinea pigs," she told theaudience. "And you can help us byproviding the feedback we don't oftenget from the poor learner."Abella, af ter admitting to his classof two dozen that he found "thiswhole expérience rather intimidating"launched into the f irst of his two lectures. Aware of how much he wastrying to impart in just two hours,Abella at times ran back and forthbetween the chalkboard and the oscilloscope, springs, weights, wheels, andloudspeakers he used as démonstrations. He was teaching his audience ofphilosophers, anthropologists, andpolitical scientists about waves. "Ifyou understand waves, you under-stand a lot about physics," he said. Hisaudience seemed to agrée. They fol-lowed his arguments tenaciously, fromthe définition of a wave through theidea of phase to Fourier's technique ofdescribing ail periodic waves as a com-bination of simple sinusoidal waves.When he started describing lightand electromagnetism in the secondlecture, his students began to recog-nize in a more generalized form theconcepts of wavelength, frequency,and interférence that Abella had intro-duced with ropes and springs in thef irst lecture.But they were not afraid to askquestions when they were uncertain.Wayne Booth, AM'47 PhD'50, theGeorge M. Pullman DistinguishedService Professor in English, askedhow the formula for frequency of astring's vibrations related to a violin.Herman Sinaiko, AB'47 PhD'61, deanof students in the Collège, asked forclarification of the Fourier séries, andLangdon Gilkey the Shailer MathewsProfessor in the Divinity School, asked,"Where'd you pull that square from?"during one dérivation. When onestudent asked why work and energywere identical, Abella laughed andsaid, "You learned that last quarter! "before explaining the équivalence.There were also epistemologicalquestions, such as " So you can say Physicist Melvyn Shochet lectures to colleagues in the humanities and social sciences.only what a f ield does, not what it is?"and "So the words often get in theway, and the real meaning is borneby the mathemàtics?"As the students f iled out af tertheir f irst day's work, they carriedwith them biographies of Michelsongiven them by Fritzsche.Shochet began his opening lectureby warning his students that he wouldbe taking them beyond what they hadlearned in the f irst lecture into a terri-tory "more than non-intuitive, actual-ly counter-intuitive."Af ter an introductory discussionof the growing crisis in early 20th-century physics, Shochet took hislisteners down what he called "theroad to relativity." Although Shochet'sf if ty minutes of groundwork wasaccepted without qualms, when hedescribed the differential aging ofhumans or other objects in the famoustwin paradox, his audience broke intoa murmur of disbelief.Beginning his second lecture witha promise to describe "equally absurdthings," Shochet explained that inrelativity, "time is not time.""There is no way thèse bizarrethings can be true," he said. "But ofcourse they are."If the f irst lectures provoked discussion, those on relativity seemedcatalysts for an almost endless exchange of ideas.When Shochet explained how particles called pions decay moreslowly when traveling near the speedof light in particle accelerators, WendyO'Flaherty, professor in the DivinitySchool, asked for a clarification in away not often thought of by physi-cists. "If a pion had consciousness,would it believe it was aging slowly?"she asked. In fact, a similar questionwas asked by Einstein when he devel-oped spécial relativity.Benjamin Bloom, PhD'43, theCharles H. Swift Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of Education,asked, "Do your students at the endof the year believe this?"When Jacob Getzels, the R. Wen-dell Harrison Distinguished ServiceProfessor Emeritus of Education,began by asking "Now if you tell usthis latest version is the truth . . . ."Shochet interrupted as a man falselyaccused and said, "No, I never said itwas the truth. We physicists hâvelearned our lesson about that."There was much discussion aboutthe proper way to take notes in a physics lecture and the value of problemsolving, test taking, and abstractions,and Kant and Hume and counter-intuitiveness in physics and in otherfieldsof learning.Was the experiment a success?The reaction of the students suggeststhat the experiment made a favorableimpression. Several said they wouldlike to attend an entire course of suchUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUM 1ER 1985lectures in physics. Wayne Booth saidthe lecturers were "vigorous, obvious-ly masters of their subject matter, extra-ordinarily well-prepared, and skillfulin engaging our interest. Any studentwould be lucky to hâve such teachers,in any subject."The lecturers themselves also sawvalue in the effort."I think just doing this experimentis important," Shochet said. "In a modem democracy as many people aspossible should understand scienceand technology."Fritzsche was impressed andpleased by the class's enthusiasm."They were obviously interested inmore than just the pedagogical aspectsof the experiment. They had enthusiasm for the physics."Sinaiko congratulated Abellaaf terward and acknowledged theanxiety of lecturing bef ore a group ofcolleagues. "You did a great job," hesaid. "I wouldn't hâve done that for amillion bucks."— Larry ArbeiterMEDALOF SCIENCE TOHERMANGOLDSTINEHermanH. Goldstine, SB'33,SM'34, PhD'36, executive officer ofthe American Philosophical Societyand IBM fellow, was one of nineteenscientists who received the NationalMedal of Science in February. Président Ronald Reagan commended therécipients for their "outstanding contribution to our way of life and ourfuture." The Président recognized therôle thèse scientists played in makingthe United States unrivaled in its sci-entif ic capability and standard of liv-ing. Goldstine's contributions were tothe development of digital computers,computer programming, and numeri-cal analysis.Goldstine gained distinction as aninventor and mathematician. DuringWorld War II his work was essentialto the development of ENIAC andEDVAC, the f irst electronic computers. Until he joined IBM in 1958, hewas the project director of the electronic project at the Institute forAdvanced Study at Princeton University. At IBM he was director of themath sciences department and of scientif ic development for the dataprocessing headquarters.In 1970 Goldstine turned from thedevelopment of stored program machines to the history of science. Hisf ive books include a brief history ofComputing, and other writings on thehistory of mathemàtics and physicsfrom the time of Newton.THREE NAMEDMELLON FELLOWSThe Woodrow Wilson NationalFellowship Foundation chose twocollège seniors and a récent graduateas Mellon Fellows in the Humanitiesfor 1985. The fellows are EdwardManauelian in Slavic Languages andLiteratures, Pamela Johnson, an Eng-lish major, and Jacob Corre, AB'81, ahistory graduate.The awards support graduatestudy and are given to students whoplan to pursue académie careers in thehumanities. They were established"to assure that the next génération ofteachers and scholars in the humanities in North America's collèges anduniversities will include men andwomen possessing exceptional criti-cal and créative abilities."EIGHT FACULTYRECEIVEGUGGENHEIMSEight faculty members receivedJohn Simon Guggenheim FoundationFellowships for 1985, which will support a year of continuous work. Therécipients are:Gosta Ahlstrom, professor in theDivinity School, for the study of thehistory of ancient Palestine;Luis Caffarelli, professor of mathemàtics, for the study of nonlinearpartial diffferential équations in geo-metry and mechanics;Léo Ou-fan Lee, professor of FarEastern languages and civilizations,for the study of the city in modemChinese literature;William McNeill, AB'38, AM'39,the Robert A. Millikan DistinguishedService Professor of History, for abiography of Arnold Toynbee;Richard J. Miller, professor of pharmacological and physiologicalsciences, for an analysis of calciumchannels;Richard Shweder, associate professor of behavioral sciences, for a studyof culture and moral development;Russell Tuttle, professor of anthro-pology, for a study of the évolution ofhuman upright walking;Rebecca West, associate professorof Romance languages and literature,for studies in contemporary Italianfiction.From among 3,548 applicants,grants were made to 270 scholars,scientists and artists this year.ELEVEN STUDENTS WINNSF FELLOWSHIPSFour Collège seniors and sevenf irst-year graduate students receivedgraduate fellowships from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Theawards provide full tuition and féesand an annual stipend of $11,100 forthree years of study in natural andsocial sciences, mathemàtics, andengineering.Randy Matory, a graduate student in anthropology, received theNSF Minority Graduate Fellowship.The other graduate récipients areCharlene Dickinson (anthropology),Steven Heydemann (political science),Jeffrey Ihara (evolutionary biology),Fred Kniss (sociology), John Kolassa,SB'84, (statistics), and David Nichols(behavioral sciences).The Collège seniors are CharlesKane (physics), Andrew Kolodzeij(chemistry), Peter White (chemis-try), and David Shun Wing Yuen(mathemàtics).W DAVID ARNETTELECTEDTONASW. David Arnett, professor ofastrophysics, was one of sixty electedto the National Academy of Sciences,the nation's most distinguished organ-ization of scientists and engineers.The academy is a private organiza-tion established by Congress to advisethe fédéral government on science andtechnology. B?THEGOOD CITIZENATHREATENEDUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985A citizen is a personwho owes alle-giance to a spécifiegovemment and isentitled to protection from that govemment and to the enjoyment of certain rights. It is widely recognized thateffective citizenship rests on a rigorousand viable System of civic éducationwhich informs the individual of hiscivic rights and obligations. The long-term trend, however, has been toenhance citizen rights without effective articulation of citizen obligations.To restore a meaningful balancebetween the two is, in my view, thecore issue in citizenship and civicéducation.In Western political democracies,especially in the United States, therehas emerged in récent décades wide-spread criticism of organized civicéducation — public and private. Thescope and quality of civic éducation arematters of deep concern to public leaders, educators, and parents.I contend that there has been adécline in the vitality and clarity ofcivic éducation in the United States. Itis not my purpose to glorify pastachievements, since wide segments ofthe population were excluded fromactive citizenship. They were relativelyuntouched as well by organized civicéducation— public or private. Never-theless, in the past, civic éducationoperated to strengthen the politicalSystem and to deal with crucial problème of "nation building." The UnitedStates was born in an armed politicalrévolution, but the American Révolution was more than a military battle; itserved as a powerful agency of civicéducation. It was one of those rarecases of the armed seizure of politicalpower which resulted in strengtheningdémocratie institutions. During thenineteenth century the public schoolSystem, in acculturating the continu-ous flow of European immigrants,operated as a signif icant institution ofcivic éducation appropriate for a Society struggling to develop mass citizenship. The Great Dépression weakenedthe System of civic éducation. Tensionand strains of économie collapseundermined social and political consensus. Fragmentation in civic educa-(Left) Giving the Pledge ofAllegiance in aWashington, D.C., classroom, circa 1889. tion started to develop during the NewDeal and became the norm af ter 1945.The main thrust of my analysis isthat the décline in civic éducation af ter1945 was fashioned to a considérableextent by "intellectuals" and teachersmore concerned with immédiate political issues than with an educational format for understanding the long-termtrends in the American "expérience."The resuit has been a décline in thevitality of the school system's contribution to the resolution of social andpolitical conflict. Other agencies ofcivic éducation too hâve becomefragmented. Indeed, the dilemmasf aced by the United States as a politicalSystem reflect the well-recognized,fundamental cleavages of occupation,race, sex, and âge groupings. TheUnited States must recognize alternative définitions of citizenship that hâvebeen created by prof essional educatorsof differing persuasion. We need toreconstruct a sensé of patriotism— notin the traditional sensé of civic citizenship but in a sensé relevant for today.There is little reason to feel that areturn to old formats of civic éducationare required, feasible, or désirable. Yetmuch may be learned by an overviewof the more than two hundred years oftrial and expérimentation.Today, people knowa great deal abouttheir civil rights. Dothey know as muchabout their civicresponsibilities?By Morris JanowitzCitizenship is not a formai andabstract conception. To the contrary, it isan idea loaded with concrète, spécifiemeanings which reflect the changingcontent of political conflict. The contentof citizenship, as evolved since theGreek city-state, is a set of enduringpolitical, économie, and social problemswhich remain very much alive. In thelast fifty years we hâve witnessed anexpansion in the substance and procédure of citizen rights, including an élaboration of ideological justification. Onthe other hand, clarification of citizen obligations and their implementationhâve lagged extensively.Civic éducation limited to inculca-tion of traditional patriotism or conven-tional nationalist ideology is obviouslyinadéquate for an advanced industrialsociety and a highly interdependentworld. I find the words national and patri-otic limiting, and offer the term civic con-sciousness. It refers to positive and meaningful attachments a person develops tothe nation-state. Civic consciousness iscompatible with and required for bothnational and international responsibilities and obligations. It involves éléments of reason and self-criticism aswell as personal commitment. In partic-ular, civic consciousness is the processby which national attachments and obligations are molded into the search forsupranational citizenship.^^During the last two hundredyears, the apparatus for civic éducationin the United States has grown into acomplicated enterprise. But it has notbecome more effective or sensitive. Tothe contrary, the machinery of civicéducation as it expanded has producedless real conséquences than earlierefforts.From the American Révolution tothe outbreak of World War II, the relative success of civic éducation in theUnited States resulted from two central efforts. First, a simple and rudi-mentary civic éducation was pursuedin the schools. Second, the Americanarmed forces followed to a considérable extent the pattern of the "citizensoldier" which came into being duringthe American Révolution. The UnitedStates is one of the very few nation-states where a révolution ultimatelystrengthened, rather than weakened,internai democracy. The citizen soldierconcept helped both to win wars and toinstitutionalize démocratie practices.Until the outbreak of World War II,primary and secondary schools servedas agencies of acculturation for immigrants. Although the constitutionguaranteed séparation of church andstate, the impact of civic éducationrested in part on an uncomplicatedreligious ritual in the schools. Thedécline in religious orientation weakened the school System as a device forspreading a sensé of nationalism. Civicéducation did not develop a model of7the new American but, rather, genera-ted cultural pluralism, which until theyears of the Great Dépression can beconsidered relatively successful. Thegrowth of the média, especially télévision, became a powerful factor after1945 in shaping images of citizenship.After World War II, there was considérable discussion of the need fornew forms of civic éducation. It wasclaimed that "real" life training in theform of political obligation wasneeded. To what extent and in whatform could national service, or aspectsof national service, assist the strugglefor more effective civic éducation?The school System and forms ofmilitary service contributed to a balance between individual rights andcivic obligations. Civic éducation in thepast implied that each able-bodiedmaie had a séries of military and non-military tasks to perform on behalf ofthe nation-state. It is for that reasonthat I stress the American Révolutionas a form of civic éducation. In the con-duct of that war, officers and enlistedpersonnel learned that sheer destruction of the "enemy" was less importantthan winning them over politically tothe goals of the Révolution. Theydeveloped a strategy which stressedthe need for restraining the use of military force. (Unfortunately, such a strategy did not dominate the Vietnamintervention.) The principle of civiliansupremacy was established, togetherwith a locally based national guard.The relative balance between fédéral forces and local militia was bénéficiai to démocratie forms of control ofthe military. Political pluralism wasstrengthened by the interplay of fédéral forces, which represented aspirations for a national state; on the otherhand, pluralism was strengthened bythe vitality of national guard unitswhich represented local aspirations.It is my observation that this dualSystem, even as it began to décline,continued to contribute to patriotism.Cross-national surveys show Ameri-cans very much more likely than citi-zens of other Western industrializedcountries to report patriotic sentiments. Surveys conducted in the mid-dle and later 1970s contain the question"What nation in the world do you hâvethe most respect for?" ("None" was apossible response.) The percentagesnaming their own countries were:United States, 59; Canada, 35; UnitedKingdom, 33; France, 26; Italy, 15; and West Germany 12 (Public Opinion 4June-July 1981: 27).Yet, Americans are suspicious ofinstitutional programs of civic éducation, especially those with overtones ofmanipulation. Wide segments of theAmerican people would like to seestronger patriotic sentiment and greateremphasis on civic obligation. But Americans are skeptical about the ability ofpresent-day public schools and agenciesto mold civic consciousness.Military service still contributes to. . . the AmericanRévolution was morethan a military battle;it served as a powerful agency of civicéducation.a sensé of patriotism, but the meaningof patriotism has become less and lessclear. The public is résistant to anyform of civic éducation that gives theimpression of partisanship. Neverthe-less, in the period after 1945, the needfor more civic éducation becameapparent, although there is little agree-ment about the form, content, andfocus of efforts to strengthen patrioticattachment. The Korean War increaseddemands by public leaders forincreased efforts in civic éducation tostrengthen patriotism. The Vietnamwar produced renewed debate aboutthe strengths and weaknesses of patriotism in the United States.The resuit of my research effort hasbeen to reinforce my belief that asimple-minded program of increasingcivic éducation to reinforce patriotismis of little import. Old-fashioned,uncritical patriotism is not effective inthe current interdependent world. Themore relevant term civic consciousnessimplies the persistence of love orattachment to a country— a territoriallybased political System. Civic éducationbecomes a pressing issue when we realize that immigration into theUnited States is and will continue to beimmense. Most immigrants are non-English-speakers. Moreover, the processes of acculturation hâve becomemore complex. In particular, for thebroad range of Spanish-speakingimmigrants, there is a powerful attachment to the home country which opérâtes against the acculturation of immigrants into the larger society.Démocratie states are not particu-larly effective in civic éducation. However, at the risk of being misunder-stood, I assert that civic éducation andyouth socialization are more importantin a multiparty state than in a single-party state. Single-party states makegreater use of coercion; they operatewith low conceptions of the importance of persuasion.Civic éducation means exposingstudents to central and political traditions of the nation, teaching essentialknowledge about the organization andopération of modem governmentalinstitutions, and fashioning the identification and moral sentiments requiredfor performance as effective citizens. Itis clear that civic éducation remainsdeeply intertwined with patriotismand nationalism. To teach 'civics' with-out encouraging students to exploretheir sensé of nationalism is to renderthe subject tepid.Patriotism, as attachment and loveof one's country, leads to various formsof belief and behavior. While patriotism can resuit in performance whichenhances the moral worth of a nation-state, it can also be a narrow-mindedxenophobia. Given the extensive inter-dependence of the world community,an 'update' in the form and content ofpatriotism is required to contributeboth to national goals and to a moreorderly world. As we analyze patriotism we repeatedly encounter thequestion whether some form ofnational service can operate tostrengthen démocratie practices andattitudes. In my view, there can be noreconstruction of patriotism without aSystem of national service.I hâve sought to use a sociopoliticaldéfinition of citizenship. The resuit hasbeen to highlight the conclusion thatby législation and judicial action thedifférence between citizen and nonciti-zen has lessened. The inhérent advan-tages of citizenship are either not obvi-ous or increasingly limited inconséquence. Thèse advantages in aUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO M AG AZINE/SUMMER 1985A MINUTE MAN PREPARING FOR WAR.An early citizen-soldier in the American Révolution.démocratie polity require repeatedemphasis. As a resuit, classroominstruction in citizenship has growneven more important and, withincreasing communalism and bilin-gualism, even more difficult. Someeducators hold that the minimum cul-tural unity for démocratie citizen rulein the United States has been erodedand has lost its self-generated effec-tiveness. I reject that view if onlybecause of the potentials of the existingéducation System.Education in the United States,despite weaknesses, produces a youthpopulation with high levels of achieve-ment and aspiration, especially amongits very numerous collège graduâtes.Collège and professional-level éducation remains impressive, even if cul-tural achievements are not effectivelytranslated into a sounder set of political practices.Moreover, the System of post-highschool éducation touches an immensenumber of students who attend juniorand community collèges. This juniorcollège population includes large num-bers of minority members who cornefrom families with limited académie backgrounds. (A considérable numberof young men and women learnedtheir "trade" at private vocational andtrade schools. Thèse schools areimportant institutions in the U.S. économie System, but they hardly offerany civic éducation.) Economie goalsare very important to thèse students.Whether the essential balance betweencultural pluralism and minimum com-mon understandings can be achievedin the United States dépends as muchon the civic éducation of communitycollège students as on the regular collège graduate.But it is clear to me that classroominstruction as presently organized isincapable of teaching the meaning ofpolitical obligations associated withcitizenship. Economie goals appearparamount. Political obligation, especially in récent years, appears to beheavily derivative. Such an observation is incomplète for the UnitedStates. A tradition of political obligation is carried on by participation involuntary organizations, many ofwhich include various économiegroups. Since classroom teaching isinsufficient for civic éducation, the interesting question is whether theparticular educational expérience ofnational service with real-life contentwill strengthen popular understand-ing of civic obligations. Various typesof national service are offered as a wayof "teaching" citizens to perform thetasks which are part of civic obligation.National service should operate to balance the pursuit of économie self-interest against collective civic obligation and thus should hâve long-termpositive effects on the individualinvolved.For more than thirty-five years, Ihâve advocated various forms ofnational service in order to improveand clarify one's sensé of civic obligation. The early years of the 1980s hâveseen an intensification of the debateover the positive and négative conséquences of national service. Can wethink of national service as an institution that has a concern with the nationas a whole? Or must we plan for a disparate set of specialized agencies? Iface an unsolved dilemma. The closer Iexamine the problems that must besolved in order to organize a meaning-ful service, the more complex those9problems become. I hâve not aban-doned the desirability of some form ofnational service. But I argue that theforms of national service are likely tobe différent from those currently rec-ommended. We do not now know howto administer a System of national service, and learning to administer it by aséries of expérimental programs islikely to alter its scope and content.National service includes a militaryélément, but of necessity the militaryand civic components will be separate.Moreover, it is doubtful if varioussocial and community éléments couldbe extensively integrated. The out-come may be voluntary national service composed of decentralized unitsand diverse programs. Even the termdecentralized remains too bureaucratie:we are probably headed for a séries oflocalized agencies.Young men and women who hâveenlisted in the all-volunteer armyreveal strong patriotic motives as con-tributing to their décision to enlist. Indata collected by military recruitmentstations, patriotic reasons were givenby 20 percent of new recruits as eitherthe first or second reason for joining.Attitudes manifested inthèse data reflect a muchhigher patriotic orientationamong enlisted personnelthan reported by the massmédia. In fact, among newrecruits 80 percent includedservice to country as a reason for enlisting during theyears 1971, 1977, 1979, and1980. Other data demon-strate the stability of suchattitudes. For the period1974-1980, active duty personnel were asked whether"everyone should hâve toserve his or her country insome way." About 55 percentof career personnel agreed.In essence, self-selectioninto the military and theimpact of military environ-ment were at work. By con-trast, first-termers revealeda discernible rejection of theproposition that everyoneshould hâve to serve his orher country in some way.This negativism graduallydropped from 27 to 7 percent. Clearly, without formaiinstruction or indoctrina-tion, first-termers were internalizing values of the careerarmed forces. The character of patriotism expressed remains to be studied.The social composition of groundcombat arms and debate about performance of the all-volunteer militaryset the stage for proposais for linkingactive duty force to a contemporarymilitary option within national service. Under a national service militaryoption, the armed forces might be able,if properly organized, to recruitbetween 100,000 and 150,000 personsannually. The rest would be recruitedby présent procédures, improved asfeasible. The military option isdesigned to increase the social repre-sentativeness of the armed forces andto increase the educational qualifications of recruits. One obvious goal is toinclude more white middle-classAmericans in the enlisted ranks. It is aprogram designed to increase the out-let for patriotic motives and, in turn, tostrengthen the civic éducation of newgénérations.Let us examine a hypothetical set ofproposais for the military option ofnational service. The term of servicewould be two years; national serviceCartoonist Bill Mauldin 's characters, Willie and Joe,were World War Ils most famous citizen-soldiers.You'll get over it, Joe. Oncet I wuz gonna Write a bookthe army after th' toar myself." personnel would be expected to hâveabove average académie achievementqualification. They would be respond-ing to national goals and values as wellas to économie incentives. They wouldnot be assigned to specialized trainingprograms but to run-of-the-mill assign-ments, especially those combat assign-ments that could be learned in a fewweeks. A central élément of such a program is that aside from nominal subsis-tence allocations and very limited cashpayments, compensation would notcorne through monetary reward.Instead, educational benef its would beused. We would be dealing not with amass GI éducation proposai but,rather, with a more limited program.Expérimental programs of this varietyhâve attracted superior personnel. Foreach year of military service, two yearsof collège benef its (tuition plus a mod-est cost-of-living stipend, for a maximum of four years) would be offered.Such a program could solve the man-power needs of the second half of the1980s. The cost would be equal to or lessthan the current cash bonus. The program would restore to the enlistedranks important components ofcollege-bound personnel,who would enrich educa-tionally, technically, andmorally the climate of unitsto which they were assigned.Their présence would be acontribution to restoring theef f ectiveness and self-esteem of military units. Aunit composed of ail or mostrecruits with limited educational background cannothâve the morale and clarity ofpurpose of a unit with mixededucational achievement.Soldiers with heterogeneousc backgrounds supplybroaderS linkage between the militaryg and larger society. I would^ even offer the observationv that mixed educational unitsS will hâve higher standards of% morality and personalf conduct.| There is a sharp differ-b ence between national serv-'o ice organized to supply mili-¦2 tary personnel and one| oriented to civilian tasks.S. This distinction will persistm and become greater ifexposin' national service develops inthe United States.10 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZ1NE/SUMMER 1985There is no shortage of plans fororganizing a civilian component ofnational service. The list of tasks to beperformed continues to grow. Whilenational service could, in theory, beeither volunteer or obligatory, it is myview that obligatory national service inthe years ahead is not feasible. Thepolitical support for an obligatory program does not now exist and isunlikely to develop in the next décade.Advocates of a comprehensivenational service can aspire, over theshort run, to the development of aséries of expérimental exercises. But intime, for example, a décade of effortcould lead to a gradually growingnumber of participants that wouldinvolve at least half of the eligibleyouth— maie and female.Obligatory national service wouldmobilize a very small minority who arein blind opposition based on personaldéviance or criminal-like personality. Iwould estimate that at least five percent of youth would fall into this cate-gory. Neither the armed forces nor thecivilian component would want to actas a reformatory for delinquents. Itdoes not take many déviants to wreckor severely strain a program. Administrative leaders would hâve to maintaina System of rules which would allowfor easy withdrawal of those who hadan oppositionist mentality. In fact,most current planning for nationalservice is based on voluntary involve-ment. Milton Friedman's view thatnational service is a tax is widelyaccepted; the central issue is the size ofthe segment of society who are willingto pay the tax voluntarily.Even limited expérimental programs of national service with civilianoptions are difficult to organize. Advocates of voluntary national service aresensitive to the complex administrative and organizational tasks. Manyproposais for national service envisagea national, central organization. Thisreflects, in part, the ideology of ener-getic leaders concerned with socialintégration.In my view, organization on a state-by-state basis or even by metropolitancenters would simplify administration. Many plans hâve called fornational service to be run by public,non-profit national agencies. Theeffort is to separate the agency from thegovernmental structure. In fact, plansgenerally call for a national agency todirect the opération and a séries of operating subagencies to oversee spécifie programs. I am not impressedwith the potential of such decentraliza-tion efforts.Plans for national service thatpoint to a single agency to oversee spe-cific operational programs areattempting to make up for existinginstitutional confusion. Such a direction does not excite me. Planners ofnational service are seeking to make upfor defects in civilian society. I am moreinclined toward a "loose" plan. To beeffective, national service would hâveto be more of a youth movement than ayouth organization. The youth movement would seek to fill in gaps and toWe need to recon-struct a sensé ofpatriotism— not inthe traditional senséof civic citizenshipbut in a sensérelevant for today.be fluid in its approach and organizational structure.A voluntary national service mustdevelop a widely based strategy ofrecruitment. There has been considérable debate on this point. We are look-ing for a strong élément of diversity inthe youth groups recruited. At stake isthe question, why are the work fea-tures of national service likely toproduce more effective citizens? First,national service is committed to a het-erogeneous population. The mixingand social interaction is designed toenhance the self-awareness of thosewho participate. Second, the workprogram of national service shouldincrease awareness of socioeconomicrealities. Third, and most important,coopérative endeavors should serve asforms of éducation that produce positive responses for a démocratie societyand lasting positive conséquences for participants.I am likely to be misunderstoodwhen I emphasize that prospects forbroad-scale national service opportunités are indeed limited and likely toremain so. The political support for aSystem of national service does notexist despite verbal support for partic-ular programs. Private groups canorganize équivalent programs, butthey hâve failed to do so to any greatextent.My research leads me to the conclusion that national service can bedef ined as working at subsistence levelafter high school or later on one of thebroad range of tasks such as conservation, health, or old âge problems inorder to participate in leaming aboutthe civic institutions of society. It is adevice for teaching the student to balance rights against obligations. Onecannot, of course overlook the importance of prior classroom study in civicéducation. Because of routinized pat-terns of éducation one can afford togive a very broad content of nationalservice. The goal is not the reinforce-ment of traditional patriotism butrather the development of an under-standing of the tasks which must beperformed in a démocratie society.We are a statistically minded nation; therefore, the suggestion hasbeen made that we should tabulate an-nually the young people engaged insome form of national service. I amconvinced that, even without governmental support, participation in sometype of private national service is certain to grow year by year. Such an observation, however, fails to confrontthe central issue of developing a national service program— governmentalor private sector— which will not belimited to the graduâtes of élite collèges but will include a broad patternof participants. No national serviceSystem fills its objectives unless it in-cludes ail segments of the population.Over the past fifty years, a varietyof service programs open to youngpeople hâve been created and aban-doned, a process which reflects an un-stable commitment to service opportu-nities. During the Great Dépression,hundreds of thousands of young people participated each year in the programs of the Civilian ConservationCorps and the National Youth Administration. No fédéral programs existedfrom World War II through the 1950s,though small, CCC-like programs11were organized at the state level. In themodem era of youth service programs,the Peace Corps began in 1961 andVISTA in 1964. The 1970s brought therevival of the conservation corps ideain the Youth Conservation Corps (1970-83) and the Young Adult ConservationCorps (1978-82). Major démonstrationsof national service in urban areas oc-curred in Seattle (1973-74) and in Syracuse (1978-80).However, as of 1982, the nationwitnessed the décline of several youthservice programs and abolition of several others. Among those eliminated aspart of budgetary restrictions and re-trenchment were the National TeacherCorps, the Youth Conservation Corps,and the University Year of Action. Estimâtes for total numbers of participantsin the remaining programs for 1983 areas follows: At the fédéral level, thePeace Corps numbers approximately6,000, VISTA about 3,000, and theNational Health Service Corps about3,000. Of Peace Corps volunteers,about one-half are aged 18-24, the otherhalf are 25 and older. The size of VISTAremains uncertain. In 1982 it entered aphase-out schedule, although Con-gress has been resisting its élimination. Altogether, one could say thatfederally sponsored service opportunités for teenagers and young adultsin 1983 are estimated at approximately10,000 (estimâtes from National ServiceSecrétariat, Washington, D.C.).At the state level, the conservationcorps idea has been taken up by several states— most notably Califomia, withabout 1,900 year-round participants inthe California Conservation Corps in1982. Much smaller programs in Ohioand Minnesota add 300 more slots.Part-year and part-time programs inIllinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, andother states might add an additional1,000 positions, for a total of about3,200 (estimâtes from Human Environment Center, Washington, D.C.).Other service programs may exist atthe local government level, but thèseTo be effective,national servicewould hâve to bemore of a youthmovement than ayouth organization.are few and far between and are notsystematically tracked.In addition, there are many purelyvoluntary efforts in which young people participate in health, éducation,récréation, social welfare, religious,political, and other volunteer work. Ina nationwide survey of volunteer service in 1974, 22 percent of 14-17-year-olds and 18 percent of 18-24-year-olds wereengaged in part-time volunteer workof one kind or another.In plans developed or imple-mented in the United States, mostrécent national service programsinvolve adding one year to publicschool schooling. I prefer and am pre-pared to see the sixteen years requiredfor a collège degree gradually andselectively reduced to fifteen years.The "freedom 'year would be devotedto some form of national service.Advance placement of high school students into collège courses is an essen-tial movement in this direction. Theadvantages of such a pattern would beimmense; especially the financial sav-ing in expenditures for éducation. Iexpect a graduai, long-term expansionin the productivity of the U.S. econ-omy. The current surplus of youthfullabor will give way to increased short-age, especially of trained young work-ers. Given that shortage, the additional labor supply should in thedécade ahead be of vital importance tothe U.S. economy.There is support for national service among both libéral and conserva-tive political leaders. Various bills hâvebeen introduced, but the drive foreither extensive programs or evensmall expérimental ones does not com-mand wide political support in partbecause of restraints on the U.S. fédéral budget.Public opinion findings must becarefully assessed. An overwhelmingmajority of American parents wanttheir children to receive civic éducation. Only a very small portion hâvespécifie ideas. Moreover, there is arevival of concern with a "sound" éducation program in selected local com-munities. A "sound" local school program means an attack on libéral trendsand parental rejection of programsthey believe excessively permissive.Such agitations receive extensivemédia coverage, but do not generateactual widespread parental participation. Nevertheless, it is striking thatthe bulk of U.S. parents— to judge bynational surveys— support the ideathat young people should give oneyear of national service . There is a viewthat a year of service would "be good"for their children. To some extent sucha reply is fashionable; but the repliesalso represent patriotic feelings andthe belief that national service willmake their children more aware of theirobligations as citizens.The fundamental barrier tonational service (including local programs of community service) is the attitude of American youth. Again, publicopinion surveys need to be read withgreat care. In the abstract, there is considérable support among young people for the idea of national service;almost one-half of youth in the early1980s expressed favorable attitudesand interest in serving. But manyresponses represented conventionalexpressions of what were consideredappropriate attitudes. I do not doubtthat there is considérable genuinedésire among collège students andselected young workers to demon-strate that they are "good citizens." Icannot make an effective estimate ofthe real support. Young people arecaught in a bind generated by parentsand the school System. They areattracted to the adventure and moralvalue of national service, but also feelobliged to get on with their careers.Many people believe — incorrectly inmy view— that the economy will getworse. There is therefore considérablepressure to get on with éducation andthe world of work. In addition, forsome students, national service is nomore than a possible alternative toservice in the infantry and groundcombat arms.Nonetheless, there is clearlyenough interest in, and need fornational service for a range of programs to be launched. Priority shouldbe accorded to conservation work andto meeting the needs of neglected senior citizens. Programs for the elderlycould be locally managed and organized, while resource conservationcould be linked to national and stategovernmental agencies.It is fortunate that the UnitedStates is not about to launch a large- California Conservation Corps.scale national service program including both military and civilian options.Existing restraints mean that whenprograms are developed, they will besmall and thus likely to develop slowlyand adequately. We may be thus sparedthe typical American pattern of policyimplementation which is one of shift-ing from extrême restraint to overex-pansion. As the nation moves gradu-ally to new forms of national service,the résultant programs could beorganizationally sound.Most important, the forms ofnational or community service must beseen not as welfare programs but asexpressions of civic duty by those whoactively participate. Those very conditions which can work to resocializepoverty youth away from a dead-endexistence dépend upon national service not being def ined as an employer oflast resort, a définition that is hard toescape unless participation is rela-tively représentative of ail Americanyouth. National service must be struc-tured as part of a citizen's obligation.One idea that has received livelydiscussion is to make fédéral aid to collège students dépendent on nationalservice. This formulation, initiallyadvanced by Charles C. Moskos, hasattracted the attention of several political leaders. Most government loan andscholarship programs hâve helpedyoung people avoid military service through collège deferments. In effect,we hâve created a GI bill without theGI. It is not politically possible torequire military service as a conditionfor a government loan. But a programrequiring some community service forparticular forms of governmentalassistance to attend collège is feasibleand will most likely be introduced aslégislation. Although this format doesnot encompass what I believe are theworthiest éléments of national service,it does make sensé today. It is fullycompatible with the previously dis-cussed program of éducation benefitsin exchange for military service.Linking government-guaranteedloans for higher éducation to service inthe student's local community is amodified version of the old work/study idea. It involves national political incentives as well as économieones. The nation appears increasinglyprepared to accept such a work/studyprogram. As of 1982, more than six billion dollars annually are spent for stu-dent loans. A work/study programwould add little to those expenditures.To the contrary, by making a loandépendent on community service, fédéral costs would be reduced by thevalue of the work completed.The vitality of démocratie citizenship cannot be maintained by the existing range of political forms, such asvoting and political participation. His-torically, citizenship and patriotismhâve included various forms of localself-help currently associated with theidea of community or national service.Participation in thèse activities givesthe idea of obligation concrète mean-ing. The need to make use of this tradition has grown, ironically, with thegrowth of the welfare state. The firststep to make is voluntary nationalservice available to ail young men andwomen. But there is no reason whyvoluntary national service should notultimately involve older people too, asthey retire from regular work. 3Morris Janowitz, PhD'48, is the LawrenceA. Kimpton Distinguished Service Professor inthe Department ofSociology and the Collège. Thisarticle is based on excerpts from his book, The Reconstruction of Patriotism: Education forCivic Consciousness. (1985, The Universityof Chicago Press.) Among his many other books,fanowitz is perhaps best known for The LastHalf-Century: Societal Change and Politicsin America. (1978, The University of ChicagoPress.)13Dunham in theballet "L'Ag'Ya"in the 1930s.UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985"...unsung heroine of modem danceVit The headlineof a November1946 New YorkTimes story askeda question.The Dance:Dunham —SchoohnarmTurned Siren orVice-Versa?A line had to bedrawn, a distinction niade. WasKatherine Dunham,PhB'36, discipleof UniversityanthropologistRobert Redfield,JuUus RosenwaldFoundation Fellow,and investigator ofthe native dancesof the Caribbean,West Indies, SouthAmerica, andAfrica, a scholarwhose classroomswere the theatersof the world? Orwas she "Katherinethe Great," theinternational starwho toured for 25years with thedance company15that bore her name, whose legs wereinsured by Lloyd's of London, who wasrumored (incorrectly) to be vying withRita Hayworth for the affections of AlyKhan, and who would take time outfrom performing to lecture at YaleUniversity?The Dunham who now tries toexplain the critics' "confusion" bearsno resemblance to either siren orschoolmarm. She is an élégant, 74-year-old soft-spoken woman whocombines glamour and wisdom —qualities critics suggested were mutu-ally exclusive. The years hâve provedthe critics wrong. Dunham containsopposites easily. She is régal and gra-cious, theatrical and sincère. Sheenters a room where an interview willtake place as if it were a stage, thenmakes sure a visitor is comfortable.She walks slowly, hampered byincreasingly troublesome knee prob-lems, but smoothly. She wears a simplescoop-necked beige shift, a gold cha-meleon pin, a strand of baroquepearls— an outf it that is in striking con-trast to the theatrical costumes exhibi-ted in the next room. Dunham sitsdown at a polished antique wood desk,sips a glass of white wine, and beginsto sort out the contradictions.The road to "confusion" begansimply enough, when an eight-year-old girl gave a dance concert in a Joliet,Illinois church. Fourteen years later, in1934, a grown-up Dunham made herprofessional début at the ChicagoWorld's Fair. In 1936, Dunham f inishedher anthropology studies at the University and went to the West Indies todo field work on the cultural signifi-cances of ritual dances there. By 1938,she was back in Chicago as director ofthe Negro unit of the Fédéral WritersProject. In 1939, she was working inNew York City, choreographing "Pinsand Needles," the International LadiesGarment Workers Union show. Twoyears later, Dunham had establishedherself as a concert artist in New York,with one reviewer calling a 1941 performance at the Windsor Theater an"historié occasion."Then things got busy. From theearly 1940s until 1967, when sheaccepted an académie appointment atSouthern Illinois University (SIU), theKatherine Dunham Dance Companyperformed in more than 60 countries.From 1943 to 1967, she ran a school inManhattan where, in addition todance, students studied music, lan guages, and cultures. During breaks intouring Dunham made movies. Hermovie appearances include "StormyWeather" and "Cabin in the Sky," onwhich she also worked as choreogra-pher with George Balanchine. In 1964,she choreographed the MetropolitanOpera's new production of "Aida,"and, in 1972, staged the world première of Scott Joplin's folk opéra,"Treemonisha" at Wolf Trap. In 1977while serving as director of SIU's Performing Arts Training Center, shefounded the Katherine DunhamMuséum in a gracefully restored oldhouse in East St. Louis, Illinois. Themuséum displays Dunham's own collections of African, Haitian, and SouthAmerican art and musical instruments,as well as works on loan. The bleakcommunity of East St. Louis benefitsgreatly from her efforts, says its mayor,Cari Off icer. Things hâve corne a longway from Dunham's early days in thecity, when students arriving at danceclass were told to remove their weap-ons on the way in. Officer callsDunham a "source of inspiration" inthe heart "of urban décline." Dunhamis "synergistic," Officer says. And thatmay be the answer to the critics'dilemma.Thirty-nine years aftercritics bewailed their in-ability to pin Dunhamdown, the subject of theirtribulations smiles.Dunham looks around at the walls ofher second f loor muséum office whichare covered with académie and artisticcitations and awards. "There really is amultiple personality going on hère,"she says. "When I sit down, for instance, to try to write my own biogra-phy, I find that in many instances I '11get carried away on one thing and thenfind that I'm sidetracked into anotherthing." Her 1959 book, A Touch of Innocence, undermines a rigidity that insistsa person be one thing and one thingonly. The book's foreword states thatwhat follows is not an autobiography,but rather the "story of a family I knewvery well." But the girl the story isabout is named Katherine Dunham.Where, then, does one draw a line between truth and fiction? "There isn'tany line," Dunham answers. "It is au-tobiographical." The disclaimer was a blind. "I decided that I would not writeanything about my own life, early life,until both my father and mother haddied," she explains. Even once thathad happened, "it still didn't leave mefree enough to write in the f irst person.I f elt that I could do better by writing inthe third person."The reluctance to write about herearly life is understandable since thoseyears are remembered as "the drearylife of Joliet." Her father, Albert MillardDunham, Sr., who ran a cleaning anddyeing business in Joliet, was a driven,complex man who alienated both of hischildren by the time they were teenag-ers. The young Dunham's refuge washer older brother, Albert MillardDunham, Jr., PhB'28, AM'31, PhD'33,who taught philosophy at HowardUniversity before his death in 1949.Albert Dunham understood his sisterand her dreams better than anyone. "Ialways wanted to do something with-out being able to name what it was,"Dunham said. She knew she had tomake a mark in the world, but as ateenager did not know how that markcould possibly be made. After she fol-lowed Albert to Chicago she joined theCube Theater, a group he had established in Hyde Park with the lateNicholas Matsoukas, PhB'29. By intro-ducing his sister to the theater group,he showed her one way she might beable to do "something."Albert Dunham "knew my prob-lems," Dunham says. "He knew themin Joliet and he knew them in Chicago.I didn't seem to fit anywhere." But theCube which was "interested in a kindof international, intercommunityexpression through the arts" suitedher. The Cube became a gatheringplace for artists visiting Chicago, suchas Langston Hughes and WC. Handy.Dunham's world opened up. "It wasfantastic," she says. "I was beginningto feel that I needed this sort of personto complète my life. I could not andwould not accept anything else. I keptstriving for that something more.""Something more" is exactly whatDunham has always done. GuyannToliver, a dancer who teaches in Washington, D.C., was among those absorb-ing Dunham technique last August at af if teen-day non-stop seminar at Southern Illinois University in East St. Louis.Toliver glows when she talks aboutDunham. "She is a revolutionarywoman. She is a wife, a mother, a busi-nesswoman, a choreographer, a star.16 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO M AG AZINE/SUMMER 1985"a national treasure"-RobertjoffreyWhat hasn't she done? It has inspiredme because I'm a single parent and I'mdancing. Miss Dunham has shown meyou can do everything."Perhaps the most important lessonDunham learned at the University wasthat she did not hâve to sacrifice dancefor anthropology or anthropology fordance. As a student, she decided that"anthropology and dance need not beseparate, there's no real dichotomy."And in December 1983, when Dunhamreceived a Kennedy Center Honor, thenation 's highest award for an artist,Président Ronald Reagan said the récognition was as much for her work asan anthropologist as it was for her workas a dancer and choreographer.The saying that a prophetis without honor in hisown country holds forDunham. Newspaperstories about her Kennedy Center Honor pounded the thèmethat the récognition was more than alittle belated. The U.S. has always beenher least réceptive audience. In a 1982télévision interview, Dunham said thatin Paris, in contrast, she became sofamous— a "grande vedette," in thewords of Agnes de Mille— that she hadto find a place to live on the outskirts ofthe city in order to hâve any kind of pri-vacy. "I like to be loved, but not eatenalive," she said and added with a wrysmile, "in Chicago, I would never hâvehad that problem." The officiai récognition of the Kennedy award followedanother honor— Dunham's 1979 receiptof the Albert Schweitzer Music Awardfor her contributions to the performingarts and her dedication to humanitari-an work. The Schweitzer award beganthe assault on the gênerai neglect ofDunham. Télévision specials and rétrospective articles followed. AnitaAddison, a Los Angeles director, isnow working on a stage show aboutDunham. In 1979, Jennifer Dunning of Katherine Dunham and her husband, John Pratt.the New York Times wrote that theSchweitzer award had awakened "thememory of something now largely lostto New York dance— the specialness ofKatherine Dunham."That specialness is attested to bymany. People are happy to talk aboutDunham, or Miss Dunham, as she isalways called in public, even by herhusband and colleague, theatrical designer John Pratt, PhB'33. Thirty-five years ago, art historian BernardBerenson, to whom A Touch of Innocenceis dedicated, called Dunham "a workof art." Such praise continues today."Dancer, company director, historian, lecturer, teacher. KatherineDunham is one of the great pioneers ofAmerican dance."— ChoreographerRobert Joffrey, founder and director,17City Center Jof frey Ballet."Katherine Dunham was the onlyartist to translate the black social andtheatrical forms into genre studies ofconcert caliber, the only one to préserve this héritage .... Hers is an historié achievement."— ChoreographerAgnes de Mille."Katherine Dunham is one of theunsung heroines of modem dance."—Arthur Mitchell, executive director andchoreographer of the Dance Theater ofHarlem and former Dunham student.Dunham, Arthur Mitchell adds,established black dance in America.What Mitchell does not say is that blackdance was not established easily. In1929, décades before Mitchell's Company and the Alvin Ailey AmericanDance Theater were established,Dunham was recruited by dancer,poet, and painter Mark Turbyfill ofChicago to be one of the original mem-bers of the Ballet Nègre, an all-blackcompany modelled after Diaghilev'sBallets Russes. In a note made at thetime, Turbyfill wrote, "Agnes de Mille.... counsels me that the idea of a ballet for Negroes is ail wrong. Shereminds me that it has never beendone, that it isn't physiologically in thepicture. I tell her that I'm not thinkingof a physiological picture, but rather anabstract one."Now 89, Turbyfill, like Dunham,provides a visitor with glimpses of hisyounger self. He is a small, gracefulman who illustrâtes a description of adance with an arcing gesture of hisarm. His memories of Dunham hâve tobe culled from more than sixty years ofwork in dance, painting, and poetry.Surrounded by his paintings, someimpressionistic, some abstract, Turbyfill talks. He says he first met Dunhamthrough a mutual friend who askedhim if he would "consider giving a bril-liant Negro girl some ballet lessons."Although just back from Europe andbusy with his own work, Turbyfillagreed. His first impression ofDunham was that she was a "verycharming girl, very good looking,beautiful, I would say .... Her idéalwas to dance like Isadora Duncan ....I gave her her first lessons, at the BolmStudios (of Adolph Bolm, the directorof the dance company Turbyfill was in)next door to the Blackstone Hôtel." Thebuilding managers were less thanhappy that blacks were being seen atits fashionable address and Turbyfillhad to find another studio, which was not an easy task. While he searched, heand Dunham were "forced to stand onStreet corners and on El platformswhile making plans." The place he didfind was one of the artists' studios on57th Street that had occupied buildingsleft over from the World ColumbianExposition of 1903. "It was just thisdinky little place," Turbyfill says, but ithad to do.The Ballet Nègre struggled alongfor about two years. Neither whites norblacks showed much interest in it."The Ballet Nègre," Dunham says,"had its problems in black societybecause the so-called élite did not likethe use of the word, 'Nègre.' It was toopéjorative. 'Nègre' was too close tonigger, for instance." By 1931, withoutever giving a performance, the BalletNègre disintegrated. People— at leastin Chicago— were not ready for a blackballet. "It was too early," Turbyfillsays. "It was too much of a far-outthing."Three years later, Dunham madeher professional début in ballerinaRuth Page's "La Guiablesse," whichmeans "she-devil" in the patois ofMartinique. About the same time,Dunham enrolled at the University. Tosupport herself, Dunham worked as acity librarian during the day and tookclasses at night. She also eamedmoney by teaching dance. "I did hâvea scholarship from the University ofChicago, apparently on the basis of mypast work at the junior collège" inJoliet. "But I didn't hâve money for liv-ing so I worked in the public library.Many times it was open at nine; Iworked until five. So any courses Itook during that period had to be atseven. They had seven o'clock coursesthen." Dunham's University days coin-cided with those of Robert MaynardHutchins and his curricular reforms.Those were days when "you didn'thâve to be in class. I think you couldappear maybe two or three times justto show you were in the class, but whatyou did is you had to write a paper atthe end of the course to show that youknew what it was ail about. And I gotthrough, somehow. Believe me, I sleptthrough most of my classes, and cer-tainly in linguistics. I never gotthrough linguistics .... it was justgruesome."Linguistics notwithstanding, shelearned well and began to bring hertwo worlds— dance and anthropology— together. After graduation, she received a grant from the JuliusRosenwald Foundation to travel toJamaica and Haiti to investigate theanthropological significances of thenative dances of the two countries. Herinquiry sprang directly from herundergraduate studies. "RobertRedfield (professor of anthropologyfrom 1930 to 1950) probably inf luencedme more than anyone else, into goingto a place of acculturation, which washis particular interest in anthropologyHe had studied Mexico. And he feltthat there was no reason why Icouldn't learn the dances of the peoplein the same way as other people wentto the southwest and learned the languages .... Franz Boas (of ColumbiaUniversity) was my last contact beforegoing to the West Indies .... and hesaid, T wish I had been a dancer when Iwent to the northwest coast' because adance cannot be described adequatelyin language. I went feeling very opti-mistic, even though I felt a little bitembarrassed for fear I was betrayingjust plain, straight anthropology. But Idecided, no, I should know everythingI could know about a people, their culture, their way of living, and so forth.And my particular interest was in thedance."Dunham's 1936-37 stint inthe West Indies pro-duced a published the-sis, The Dances of Haiti,and a book, Journey to Ac-compong, about the Maroon people ofJamaica. The trip also marked the beginning of her love for the Caribbean.(In 1948, she bought a home in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, that once belonged toNapoleon's sister, Pauline, and nowdivides her time between there andEast St. Louis. Her interest in Haiti ledalso to her involvement in the religionof vaudun, or voodoo, in which she ismambo assegue, or high priestess. "I'mnot sure now how much of what I aminterested in is anthropological inves-tigative curiosity or if there 's a certainamount of belief in it," she says.) Onher return to Chicago, she began work-ing in the fédéral theater project andmet John Pratt. "He designed the costumes for the first big ballet I did," sheremembers. A photograph of that ballet, "L'Ag'Ya," based on a Martini-quese fighting dance, is one of thei« UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985"a WOrk of art" -Bernard BerensonDunham in the Broadway musical "Cabin in the Sky.'most freqùently used shots ofDunham. (See Page 14.)Dunham and Pratt celebrated their45th wedding anniversary last year.Their careers hâve been intertwined,with Pratt serving as technical directorand set and costume designer for the Dunham company during its touringyears and as a professor at SouthernIllinois University. Pratt is famous inthe industry for the unsplittable pantshe made for maie dancers in the 1940sand 1950s. Pratt says his solution to theoccupational hazard was literally to build the costume around the dancer,cutting and shaping each costume sothat it fit like a second skin. He alsodesigned Dunham's costumes. Theirworking relationship was créative but"fiery" at times, Dunham says. Onedisagreement was over the dress shewore for "Vera Cruzana," a 1948 balletinspired by dances of Mexico. Thedress Pratt designed was too authen-tic. "It had no waistline," Dunhamsays. "I was in Paris, where being oneounce overweight was used againstyou by the critics .... And we foughtand argued." Dunham won the fightand the dress was altered and a waistline added.Other fights, not with Pratt, wereover civil rights rather than créativematters. In Brazil in 1950, Dunham andher company were refused rooms in aSao Paolo hôtel because it did not caterto blacks. The situation, needless tosay, was a trying one. "I couldn't beglad to corne across the problem,"Dunham remembers. "It was irritat-ing, frustrating, embarrassing to hâveto give in to that when you're thinkingabout your performance, your company, and that sort of thing. I got intoit, however, with both f eet and resistedefforts to cover anything over. Andresisted efforts to buy me out of it onthe part of the hôtel. The only seulement I would make would be that theyforever abolish this thing, the segre-gated hôtel." Dunham was successfuland, in 1951, a law was passed forbid-ding discrimination in places peoplegather. Although the affair tookenergy she would rather hâve devotedto performing, Dunham says she isglad she was the person who waspushed too far. "I felt pleased when Iwas in a position to do something. It'sterribly hard when you're performing,and not just a performer but responsi-ble for this great horde of people andgetting the show on. It's a major irritant. It's like having some bées buzzaround you that you don't need."Dunham's problems did not corneContinued on page 3219• Perci and IzaakWirszup in theirWoodward Courtapartment.l"Zk. jÉSste 1 iji The Wirszups'14 years asRésident MastersWoodward Court's25th AnniversaryThe 200thWoodward CourtLectureTRIPLECELEBRATION ATWOODWARDCOURTPhotos by David Joël As they say in show biz —they'll be a hard act tofollow."They" are Izaakand Pera Wirszup, therésident masters ofWoodward Court resi-tiring after fourteen years in the post.The Wirszups are not retiring fromthe University — merely fromWoodward Court. They will move to aprivate apartment in Hyde Park. Izaak, PhD'55, will retire as professor in thedepartment of mathemàtics, but willcontinue to work as director of the resources development portion of theUniversity of Chicago School Mathemàtics Project. Pera will continue as aninstructor of conversational Russian inthe Collège.On a weekend in February severalhundred people gathered on campusfor a triple célébration. Former résidents of Woodward Court, current résidents, and faculty joined together toUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985celebrate the twenty-f ifth anniversaryof the opening of Woodward Court, the200th Woodward Court Lecture, andthe Wirszups' fourteen years as résident masters of Woodward Court.The festivities began on a Saturdaywith a symposium on "Science, Education, and the Mind," moderated byIzaak Wirszup. That evening, therewas a dinner and a dance at Ida NoyésHall. On Sunday aftemoon there wasan open house for former WoodwardCourt résidents in Flint, Rickert, andWallace Houses, followed by the 200thWoodward Court Lecture. As is thecustom before a Woodward Court Lecture, more than 100 people— students,visitors, and faculty— were invited fora buffet dinner in the Wirszups' apartment. At 8:30 p. m., Président HannaGray gave the 200th Woodward CourtLecture, in the dining hall of the Court.And in a tradition which has become firmly entrenched over the lastfourteen years, the entire audience ofover 800 was invited to "corne back tothe apartment for some refreshments"following the lecture. As usual, most ofthe audience accepted. Fortunately,the résident master's apartment wasintended for entertaining on a grandscale, so the major portion of space inthe dwelling is given over to an enor-mous living room and dining room.Even so, given the fact that WoodwardCourt Lectures tend to draw crowdswhich range in size from 600 to 800, noteveryone can squeeze in. Guests good-naturedly overflow into the corridorand the dining hall adjacent to theapartment. Their hosts hâve anticipat-ed such conditions. Student volun-teers make their way through thecrowd bearing trays of coffee, fruitjuice, soda pop, wine, cheese, fruit,and cookies. Supplies are always ample, so that everyone has something todrinkor munch.For this spécial occasion, for whichmany Woodward Court alumni had re-tumed, the Wirszups' particular blendof warmth, charm, and exubérance wasin f ull force . Izaak and Pera stood at thedoor, greeting guests with hugs andkisses and exclamations, in accentsredolent of their native Poland.When the Wirszups first startedthe Woodward Court Lectures in 1971,they had no idea that their informai"lecture-discussion" evenings wouldevolve into thèse major Universityevents. They originally conceived ofthe séries as small gatherings— "about 25 to 30 people"— in the living room oftheir apartment at Woodward Court. Infact, they initiated the lecture séries sothat students and professors couldmeet informally, and get to know eachother. While their daughter, MarinaWirszup Tatar, AB'59, was in the Collège, she had never been invited to afaculty member's home. When theWirszups became résident masters,they were determined to giveWoodward Court résidents opportunités to meet the faculty in a socialsetting."We keep an open door policy," explained Pera. "And believe me, students are always there— at the frontdoor and the back door."The first few lectures drew about60 to 70 people. The students enjoyedthem and the word got out, so that thenumbers soon increased to the pointwhere only by moving the lecture tothe Woodward Court dining hall couldthe Wirszups accommodate thecrowds. To the delight of the Wirszupsthe lecture-discussion séries has attracted the attention of students, faculty, and alumni like no other single student program at the University inrécent years.The séries has provided a forum forfaculty members from ail departmentsand schools of the University to sharethe results of their research and ref lec-tions. Over the years people hâve spo-ken on ail sorts of topics: Akira Iriye,chairman and professor in the depart-ment of history, on "TheU.S.-JapaneseAlliance on Trial;" Philip B. Kurland,William R. Kenan, Jr. DistinguishedService Professor in the Collège andprofessor in the Law School on "TheChief Justice Déclares War Against Violence— Again;" Hewson H. Swift, theGeorge Wells Beadle DistinguishedService Professor in the department ofbiology on "Hidden Riches in DNAMolécules;" James M. Redfield,AB'54, PhD'61, Master of the Humanities Collegiate Division and professorin the department of classics and theCommittee on Social Thought, on"Human Nature and the Homeric Ideaof the Self." The 200th WoodwardCourt Lecture was given by PrésidentHanna Holborn Gray, who is alsoprofessor in the department of historyand the Collège. Her topic was "LuxVeritatis."Some of the faculty lecturers hâvenational or international réputations,but may be less well known to under- graduates. Benjamin Bloom, PhD'43,the Charles H. Swift DistinguishedService Professor Emeritus in theDepartment of Education, for example,who has spoken twice at WoodwardCourt, has greatly influenced educational reform in the U.S. and abroad.In 1978 a record 1,100 people turnedout to hear Cari Sagan, AB'54, SB'55,SM'56, PhD'60, the David Duncan Professor of Astronony and Space Sciences and director of the Laboratoryfor Planetary Studies at Cornell University, widely known as author of thebook Cosmos and host of the télévisionséries "Cosmos." His topic: "TheExploration of Mars."Woodward Court students also become involved as hosts for the lectures.Pera Wirszup now has four "paid" assistants, students who receive rémunération in the form of aid toward theirroom and board and who serve as herchief lieutenants. Another 50 studentsvolunteer for each lecture. They helpput out food, set up the apartment forguests, transform the dining hall into alecture hall, serve refreshments at thepre-lecture buffet and at the réceptionfollowing the lecture, and then puteverything back in place when thenight is over.Both Izaak and Pera were born andraised in the Eastern European city ofWilno, which was then part of Poland;the Russians hâve made it the capital ofLithuania. They knew each other aschildren, but lost touch until afterWorld War IL At the beginning of thewar, each was married and had achild— Izaak had a son, Pera had adaughter. Izaak spent the war in several concentration camps; his wife andyoung son were killed by the Nazis.Pera's husband was killed in the war.Izaak was at the Allach Dachauconcentration camp when World War IIended. For most of the last six monthsof his internment, he had been in another camp, Erzingen, with the leadersof the European résistance — French,Belgian, Dutch, and Norwegian— ail ofwhom were under sentence of death.Together with them, Izaak was libera-ted by the American Army. This Junethe Wirszups attended the reunion ofthe French résistance fighters on thefortieth anniversary of their libérationfrom concentration camp.After libération Izaak retumed toWilno, "to see if anyone was still alive."Once again he met Pera, who had become a widow. They were married in21Paris, and lived there for several years.In Paris, Izaak was director of researchfor Galeries Lafayette, the large Europe-an department store chain. Then a mo-mentous event occurred. Izaak 's formerteacher at the University of Wilno,Antoni Zygmund, invited him to corneto the University of Chicago.With Wilno under Soviet occupation, Norbert Wiener managed to getZygmund out, and brought him to theUnited States in 1940. Zygmund came tothe University of Chicago in 1947 andhas been hère since . Zygmund, the Gus-tavus F. and Anne M. Swift Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus inthe Department of Mathemàtics, is oneof the world's leading mathematicians;his specialty is harmonie analysis.The Wirszups came to Chicago,and Izaak earned his Ph.D. at the University in 1955. He has been on the faculty ever since. For the last eighteenyears Pera has been an instructor inconversational Russian in the Collège.The Wirszup's daughter, Marina, ismarried to Dr. Arnold M. Tatar, clinicalassociate professor in the departmentof medicine. Two of the Tatar's threedaughters are students at the University. Carolyn Tatar is a student in theGraduate School of Business; AudreyTatar is in the Pritzker School ofMedicine.The Wirszups speak with greatwarmth about the students with whomthey hâve shared Woodward Court forthe past fourteen years."We try to offer them what theyneed— encouragement and love andharmony," said Pera. "We know thatsometimes they are frustrated, and under great pressure. The pressure is forseveral reasons. Tuition is very expensive, and parents who hâve three orfour children sometimes hâve to mort-gage their homes to pay for their chil-dren's collège éducation. And also,some of the young students are facingcompétition for the first time. Many ofthem were at the top of their class inhigh school, but now they hâve compétition among themselves, to be best.And sometimes the parents push toohard, wanting them to become profes-sionals, to plan to go to médical schoolfrom their first day hère. After students are hère for a brief time, theymay realize they don't want to be doc-tors, or lawyers. And they are afraid toface their parents, and tell them. Theycorne to me, and I say, 'But there are somany beautiful professions besides be- ing a doctor, you can do so much withyour life besides medicine.'"Sometimes," she continued,"they take on too much, in the firstyear. They take Japanese, or Chinese,and then find they hâve to study manyhours a day, in that subject alone. Theydon't know what to expect. I had ayoung student who signed up to takeJapanese his first year hère. I met himthree weeks later, and saw he was frustrated. 'Why don't you drop Japanese?' I told him. 'Leave it for nextyear, because the first year is the mostimportant to your social adjustment—to meet friends in your dorm, to talk toyour friends, and be with them. Youcan hâve much more time for your other studies and your adjustment. Gotalk to your advisor, or better yet, talkto some of the seniors in the dorm. Sohe dropped Japanese, and he was a lothappier."The students, in turn, speak of theWirszups with equal warmth. "Theytend to treat Woodward Court as theirhome," said Karen Swain, a secondyear student in the Collège, as sheleaned over to light the candies at thecelebratory buffet dinner. "They treatail students very warmly; they greeteveryone the same way. They are always interested in what's going on,and there's a real sensé of caring ontheir part."Among the alumni of WoodwardCourt who retumed for the célébrationwere Katrina Lofgren Vidal, AB'78,and her husband, Eduardo Vidal,AB'78, JD'81, who met at WoodwardCourt. Katrina Vidal remembers dor-mitory life with the Wirszups withgreat fondness."They were so kind and open andfriendly to everyone who ever came incontact with them. You know, sometimes professors in a situation like thatcan hâve a pecking order of favorites,but not the Wirszups. They were verygenerous with their time and advice. Iknew people who had trouble academ-ically and would go to them for advice.They wouldn't just give mushy sympa-thy; they offered concrète advice, andthey took the time to give it to you.They would eat ail their meals in thecafétéria, breakfast, lunch, dinner, andanyone could corne and join them.They made it a point to learn everyone 's name. They deserve a bronzemedal for that, alone— enduring fourteen years of dorm food."In 1979, Izaak gained national atten tion when he sent the National ScienceFoundation (NSF) a report on his comparative study of Soviet and Americanpre-university éducation. The reportpointed out for the first time the Soviets'"educational mobilization.""I had gone to an NSF project di-rectors' meeting on the state of mathemàtics and science éducation in theU.S. I knew that our standing vis-a-visthe Soviets was bad, but didn't knowto what extent, in a verifiable and sta-tistical way. After returning fromWashington, I said to myself, T hâve tomake a comparative study' After threemonths I discovered that the Russianshad introduced an educational mobilization. In 1966 they had restructuredtheir secondary educational System toundertake vast manpower trainingprograms, radical curricular reforms,and above ail, a tremendous new in-vestment in human resources. But no-body hère had noticed it. Even theAmerican intelligence services hadmissed it. I couldn't believe that thishad happened, but I studied more andchecked more, and it was so."Since then, Izaak has testified before numerous congressional commit-tees, informing them about the discre-pancies in mathemàtics and scienceéducation in the U.S. and Russia, andabout the poor showings of Americanschool children in thèse subject areascompared to other countries. Recentlyhe appeared before the U.S. SenateCommittee on Appropriations HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee,whose chair is Senator Jake Garn."American elementary and secondary éducation," Izaak told Garn, "especially in the areas of science and mathemàtics, is in dangerous condition."America's ability to compete in for-eign markets and défend itself againstaggressors has been compromised, hewarned."There has been a persistent belief,even among American educators, thatwhile the bulk of our population maynot be receiving the best éducation,our top students are as good as top students anywhere in the world. This contention was recently refuted by a studyat the University of Illinois at Chicago.Fif teen-, sixteen-, and seventeen-year-olds from Japan and Illinois took theHigh School Mathemàtics Test devel-oped by Educational Testing Service;the results led the research team to thefollowing conclusions: An 'average' Illinois high school mathemàtics stu-22 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMFR 1985dent, when matched against 100 of hisJapanese counterparts, would rank99th. Of Illinois high achievers inmathemàtics, only 1 in 1,000 does aswell as the top 100 out of 1,000 Japanesestudents."In sum, the vast majority of ourhigh school students hâve not studiedphysics, chemistry geography, or aforeign language, and hâve had only amodicum of mathemàtics. Not only dothey lack a solid foundation for furthertraining; they cannot even apply basicmathemàtics and science to simplejobs."Our continuing educational crisisposes an even more dangerous and dif-ficult challenge than the quantity andquality of technical weaponry at the disposai of the Soviet military machine."Resolving our educational crisis,"said Izaak, "will be an undertaking ofunprecedented magnitude. It is évidentthat the policies and measures institutedto date do not begin to approach thechanges needed. The only answer is afederally-led national mobilization for éducation and a coordinated mobilization ineach of the states. This will require a sus-tained effort by ail segments of our society, private and public investment andsacrifice, and, above ail, imaginativeand engaged leadership at ail levels ofgovernment."One resuit of Wirszup's investigations has been the establishment of theUniversity of Chicago School Mathemàtics Project, a $12.4 million six-yearpilot program which will explore waysto improve mathemàtics éducation inelementary and high schools. AmocoFoundation, Inc., has funded the firsttwo years of the program with a grantof $2 million, and will provide addi-tional funding. Wirszup will serve asone of the principal investigators.The triple célébration is over.Soon, the movers will corne to pack theWirszups' belongings, for the move toa private apartment. While they lookforward to the change, the Wirszupsadmit that they'll miss their 350 "children," the résidents of WoodwardCourt."I love their laughter. I love theirgiggles," says Pera, with a sigh. "Butwe will see them. We tell them, 'Corneseeus!' And they'll corne. YouTlsee."H • Pera Wirszup,(right), givesinstructions tostudent helpersbefore aWoodward CourtLecture. Studentsare (I. to r.) JuliePierog, GunnarSjursen, SerritaJane, and ScottSalant.• Président HannaHolborn Graygives the 200thWoodward CourtLecture. Her topicwas "Lux Veritatis."• David Jaffe,AB78, JD'81, aformer WoodwardCourt résident,greets PeraWirszup.• Pera Wirszup;Jacqueline Moline,AB'84, now astudent in thePritzker School ofMedicine; IzaakWirszup; andKaren Moline,AB'77.Letitia LestinaEvery year, more than twothousand Chicago areahigh school and juniorhigh school students aretreated to a rare privilège—many of the world's leading scientistscorne to lecture especially to them.And annually, after the Christmas Lectures, a sélect group chosen fromamong those students sits down todinner with the scientists.At the beginning of each lecture, asmall, white-haired woman, leaningon a cane, steps to the microphone tovoice a welcome. She is Letitia Lestina,AB'29, AM'37 founder and présidentof the Illinois Science Lecture Association, which is responsible for bringingtogether the scientists and the students. After Lestina introduces thespeakers, she takes her seat amongst the students in Mandel Hall. While thescientists talk, Lestina scans the intentfaces of the audience with satisfaction.As scientists, administrators, and corporation executives hâve learned, Lestina pursues her self-appointed mission with ardor. Her passion in life is toshow young people how exciting it canbe to study and work in the sciences.Lestina is well-acquainted withyoung minds. She taught commercialgeography in Chicago public schoolsfor many years. From her observationsshe concluded that science éducationin the public schools was inadéquate,and she made up her mind to do something aboutit.In 1963 Lestina became involvedwith a lecture séries at the Adler Planétarium called the Astro Sciences Work-shop, which functioned under the aegis of Northwestern University witha grant from the National ScienceFoundation. When the séries ended,some of the students asked Lestina ifshe couldn't provide more lectures."So I suggested, let's form an association, where we can do both thephysical and biological sciences, andput on lectures for high ability students and the gênerai public. Iappointed a committee of twenty people from ail of the classes we'd held, tocorne and meet with me. They came tomy apartment, and sat on the floor,and we discussed our ideas. Out ofthèse meetings, there was establishedthe Astroscience Workshop AlumniAssociation."In 1975 Lestina renamed the neworganization the Illinois Science Lecture Association (ISLA) to reflect itsUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SI IMMFC 1985Photo by Patricia EvansTheMATCHMAKERWhen Letitia Lestina brings together the world'sleading scientists and high school students, she bankson igniting sparks of mutual admiration.broadened interest in ail the sciences.The prime purpose of ISLA is to provide educational opportunitiesdesigned to encourage bright highschool and junior high school studentsto undertake careers in the sciences.Lestina feels that high school studentsare at a point in their training whereexposure to prominent, practicing scientists will provide them with rôlemodels who will kindle or reinforcetheir interest in science.ISLA has a board of twenty-twodirectors, drawn from universities andcorporations in the metropolitan Chicago area. The board meets at leastthree times a year to review programsand finances. Participating corporations underwrite the expensesinvolved in putting on lectures, holding dinners for scientists and highschool students, and other activities ofISLA. In addition to the board, there isa scientific advisory board with mem-bers from the University of Chicago,the Illinois Institute of Technology,Northwestern University, and the University of Illinois at Chicago. Thèsefour universities co-sponsor the lectures. For the last several years ISLAhas held the lectures in Mandel Hall atthe University of Chicago.ISLA is best known for its annualtwo-day Christmas Lecture Séries,which is modeled on the LondonChristmas Lectures founded byMichael Faraday over 150 years ago.ISLA's Christmas Lectures are intended for high-ability, science-oriented students in their junior orsenior years of high school, and theirteachers. The séries annually draw several hundred high school studentsfrom the Chicago metropolitan area,elsewhere in Illinois, and six neighbor-ing states.Lestina puts together the lectureprograms with advice from her panelof science advisors. To show studentsthe relationships between the arts andsciences, she often includes lecture/démonstrations on music or art. Forexample, at the 1983 Christmas Lectures, the topic was "Creativity." SirPeter Medawar, Nobel Lauréate in 1960for his studies of immune Systemresponses, spoke on "Creativity in Science;" Gunther S. Stent, professor ofmolecular biology at the University ofCalifomia, spoke on "Are the Créations of Art and Science Unique?"Composer Ezra Laderman's lecture onthe séries of choices involved in com-posing music was "illustrated" by theAudubon String Quartet, which performed his Sixth String Quartet. Andin 1984, at ISLA's first annual symposium for science and mathemàticsteachers, Charles Taylor, professor atthe University Collège, Cardiff, Wales,presented a "demonstrated lecture"on the physics of musical instruments.Music was provided by Taylor and thestaff of the Royal Institution of GreatBritain.Students pay $4.50 for a ticket to the entire séries. Intermission andpost-lecture sessions are scheduled onFriday and Saturday af ternoons to givestudents an opportunity to talk withthe lecturers. Before the lectures, Ms.Lestina sits in the drafty Mandel Hallcorridor, greeting students and teachers, and complaining about the lack ofheat. People from the Office of SpécialEvents solicitously suggest she moveinside Mandel Hall, which is warmer,but she dismisses them with a snort. Atintermissions, she présides over thepunch bowl in the Reynolds Club. Sixweeks prior to each set of lectures,there are six preparatory lecturesoffered for students from inner-cityschools. Thèse lectures are offered onsuccessive Saturday momings, andstudents with perfect attendance areinvited to dinner at the QuadrangleClub with the speakers at the Christmas Lectures.Since 1971, more than fifty speakers hâve participated in the ChristmasLectures. Among the fifty hâve beennine Nobel Prize winners, twentymembers of the National Academy ofScience, and seven Fellows of theRoyal Society of London. More than9,000 students hâve attended the lectures in the past ten years, with morethan eighty percent coming from CookCounty schools, especially from Chica-go's inner-city schools.The fact that world-famous scientists will leave their work long enoughto corne to Chicago to talk to high25school students is a testimony to theenergy, tenacity, and persuasive pow-ers of one person— Lestina.Afew days before Italianphysicist Carlo Rubiawould receive the NobelPrize, he left Geneva,Switzerland, and f lew toChicago to discuss someof his latest discoveries before the students at an ISLA lecture. Rubia is a pio-neer in high-energy physics researchand the discoverer of the x quarks. Local scientists were amazed when Rubiaaccepted Lestina's invitation, but theyadmitted — she 's done it before. Overthe years Lestina has pressed into service scores of leading astronomers, bi-ologists, chemists, mathematicians,physicists, and other scientists."How does she do it? When shewants something, she calls until shegets a yes," said Eugène N. Parker, Distinguished Service Professor in theDepartments of Astronomy and Astro-physics, the Enrico Fermi Institute,and the Collège. "I was amazed whenshe got Rubia to corne, but of courseshe 's been doing this for years somaybe I shouldn't be. That she couldimpress him enough to get him to cornelecture to high school students isremarkable. She gets very few rejec-tions. Here's how she does it: Shedécides on a subject, approachessomeone around hère, buttonholes theperson and says 'We want the best andnothing but the best.' The person thengives her a list and she goes chargingoff and gets people. She has shrewdintuition about whom to go to foradvice, and what speakers to invite.She went to London and barged in onRoger Penrose and Herman Bondi andsaid 'You're coming to speak.' Andthey did. (Penrose is Rouse Bail Professor of Mathemàtics, Mathemàtics Institute, Oxford University. Sir HermanBondi, F.R.S., K.C.B., is professor ofmathemàtics, King's Collège, University of London, and chairman of theNatural Environmental ResearchCouncil, London)."She glommed onto me, and Iwasn't tough enough to turn herdown," said Parker. "I was shang-haied. The only reason I let myself infor it is because it's a worthy cause. Other people recognize she's shootingfor the best, too . I sometimes get on thephone to help expedite things hère.Dealing with the bureaucracy at theUniversity of Chicago can be tough."If they're properly primed, students know that they are going tosomething spécial. Hère are thèseimportant guys telling them aboutwhat they can do in science. It helps toshape their perceptions."James W. Cronin, SM'53, PhD'55,University Professor in the Department of Physics, the Enrico Fermi Institute, and the Collège, and a Nobel Lauréate, talked brief ly about the dynamowho heads ISLA: "Lestina has such awill you can only hâve admiration. Shecamps out in the office of a corporationuntil they listen to her. She asked me toput together the last program. I sug-gested Rubia, but I didn't call him. Iwas amazed when he came. Rubiawent out of his way to speak to the students at their level."Cedric L. Chernik, director of theSearle Scholars Program and formervice président for sponsored programsat the University of Chicago, observed:"She's unbelievably persistent; shecalls me two or three times a week. Shefeels that teachers in the Chicago System are weighed down with administrative work and there is not enoughteaching going on in the classroom. If900 high school students will sit qui-etly for an afternoon of lectures, thenyou know the program has a greatinfluence."Norman H. Nachtrieb, professoremeritus in the department of chemis-try, commented, "I'm interested in theéducation of high school studentsbefore we get them. Lestina takes it forgranted that everyone perceives thatscience is important, that young people are intrinsically interested in science. I went to a lecture. You couldhâve heard a pin drop."Some years ago I ran for the localhigh school board so I could learn whatthings were taught. I hâve a more clearnotion now, and I, too, am convincedthat science teaching has slipped. Ithink she's right. She is trying to provide students with a goal. So much ofwhat we're bombarded with empha-sizes the négative aspect of science.Students get turned off. They reallyhaven't stressed the positive socialaspects, or the thrill of discovery. Kidshâve corne hère from as far away asDayton, Ohio, as well as from the inner city. Lestina bends over back-wards to see that every student has anopportunity."In 1984 Lestina launched a séries oflectures for junior high school students. For this portion of its program,ISLA sponsors a half-day séries of lectures on mathemàtics in the spring,and on the physical and biological sciences in the fall."This is where science begins—along in the eleventh and twelfthyears. We can't wait until students arein high school. They hâve to be reachedmuch earlier," Lestina told Parker, asthey stood watching students streaming into Mandel Hall for the first of thejunior high school lectures.Lestina reports that The AmericanAssociation for the Advancement ofScience (AAAS) asked her to replicatethe Christmas Lectures in ten cities,"But I said I just couldn't spreadmyself that thin," she explained. "Itwould mean structuring programs forten cities, getting out there and seeingthat they're put on correctly and ailthat stuff. I haven't got that kind oftime . Any way, at the time I was tryingto launch our junior high school programs in Chicago."In a voice rich with émotion, Lestina recalled how a director of theNational Science Foundation chal-lenged her when she requested a grantto initiate a lecture séries for juniorhigh school students. "I went to theNational Science Foundation for ameasly two thousand dollar grant tolaunch it," she said. "I had to go toWashington and speak before the fullboard and tell them what I was going todo, and one man got up and said, 'Doyou think it can be done?' I said 'What?You don't think I'd corne ail this way,and pay my fare and waste my time if Ididn't think it could be done!' Well,last fall we had 700 hère for the juniorhigh school lectures. It was on platetectonics and volcanoes. The kidslovedit."Lestina, the crusader for improvedscience éducation, and Lestina, theformer teacher, can be a formidablecombination, as students, teachers,scientists, corporate executives (andone NSF director) eventually discover.For instance, when junior or seniorhigh school students corne to spend aSaturday on campus, Lestina feels it isnot enough for them to attend lecturesin Mandel Hall. During the noon hour,groups of students dutifully troop off2h UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SI IMMPR iqsj5to Rockefeller Mémorial Chapel for anorgan récital.Lestina believes that ISLAshould be helping scienceteachers, too. In 1983 ISLAsponsored a Saturday Science Discourse for highschool science teachers towhich the public was invited. The program was recorded on video tape; thetapes hâve been edited to provide 50-minute programs. ISLA is examiningavenues for producing additional copies of the tapes and distributing themfor use in teacher training, and highschool science teaching. Last yearISLA held its first all-day symposiumfor science and mathemàtics teacherson the University of Chicago campus.In addition to listening to sciencelectures, teachers joined scholars inseminars on physics, mathemàtics,chemistry and biology. Lestina wasdisappointed that the Chicago schoolswould not consider the occasion an inservice day for teachers, so that theycould receive pay while taking time offto attend the lectures. When the schoolsuperintendent's office explained thatthe schedule for in-service days forpublic high school teachers is set a yearin advance, Lestina set her sights, asusual, on the real seat of power. She'sasking the Illinois State Législature toadd another in-service day for teachersto the calendar so that teachers can usethe day to participate in ISLA-spon-sored lectures and seminars. While theturnout was small, those teachers whoparticipated were enthusiastic aboutthe expérience. In one school the principal was so eager for two of his teachers to participate that he took theirclasses ail day.Several of the teachers wrote toLestina, to express their appréciation.One wrote: "I hâve attended manyprofessional meetings and nationalconventions but never felt that I gainedso much as I did that day. As a physicsteacher I was honored to attend a semi-nar with Professor Weisskopf (Victor F.Weisskopf, professor of physics at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology). Thank you again for a wonderfulday.""It was superb in every aspect, andlef t me with more ideas and reflections than I thought possible," wroteanother physics teacher. "Let us hopethat future symposia can be held on inservice days. Ail teachers need theopportunity to benefit from présentations of this type ."Lestina has other plans for helpingpublic school science teachers keep upwith their fields. She is supervising asubcommittee of ISLA which hopes topersuade Chicago area companies thatoperate scientific laboratories to hirejunior and senior high school scienceteachers for summer programs. "Theteachers need this kind of exposure, toget upgraded in the world of science,"she says.Lestina is appalled at the lack ofequipment that is available in Chicagopublic high school science laboratories. To alleviate the situation, she hasasked Chicago area firms to donateused laboratory equipment to publichigh school science labs."How can you teach science ifthere is no equipment?" asks Lestina."Each Chicago public high school hasa budget of $400 for equipment for itsbiology, chemistry, and physics labs.When I first heard about this I said,'Oh for goodness sake, what can youbuy for $400? Three bottles of cya-nide?' In the northern suburbs, a district will hâve $26,000 for labs in oneor two high schools. So I'm asking fordiscards from corporations. We're col-lecting their used glassware— beakers,cylinders, pétri dishes and the like.Schools can arrange with me forsupplies."Lestina's advice to anyone whowants to help improve science or mathemàtics in the public schools is to do asshe does — think big. "Now just lastThursday I had lunch with the districtsuperintendent from a neighboringcounty. He came to me and wanted toorganize a high ability class for giftedstudents. I said, 'What topic do youwant to cover?' He said, T don't know.'So I said, 'Look, put it into mathemàtics. We've got to upgrade mathemàtics,it's got to get to a level that will let students function in the sciences.' Thissuperintendent has a grant from Illinois Bell for six weeks. So I said, 'For-get that, that's nothing. That's a shot inthe arm.' He said to me, 'Do you think aprogram can go?' And I said, 'Ofcourse it can. There's a hunger outthere for good teaching and high ability work. YouTl need a director, and anassistant director who will be there every Saturday to check on things. Youneed people who can write the curricu-lum and hire the staff. Then it will go.You'll hâve a magnificent program.' SoI went to Professor Sally (Paul Sally,professor in the department of mathemàtics and the Collège), who washome over the weekend and told himthe fellow would call him for help. Andhe did."Once someone has helped Lestinain her work for ISLA, she keeps him orher in mind for future chores. "We'reputting Marty Friedman on the board,"she explained, "because we're going tobe expanding. We hâve to make somekind of a citation in our by-laws aboutpublishing a book." Science Reviews,Ltd., in London, the publisher for theRoyal Institution and the British Association for the Advancement of Science, is going to publish a paperback ofISLA's Christmas Lectures— startingwith the 1983 Christmas Lectures. 'TUbe able to get a paperback book into thehands of the kids for under $10," saidLestina.Lestina has a réputation forwanting— and getting— her own way.Like many strong-minded people sheprefers to operate alone. She spendsmost of her waking day working forISLA. A great deal of time is spentphoning people, to persuade them tohelp ISLA by contributing funds or bylending to it their particular expertise.Or she may take a taxi to the office of acorporation and settle in the réceptionoffice until the executive she's pursu-ing will see her. Occasionally she fliesto Europe to meet scientists in personso she can exercise her considérablepersuasive powers on them. She worksout of her Chicago apartment andaccepts a "modest" honorarium fromISLA to cover expenses. For Lestina,the reward for her efforts is the deepemotional satisfaction that cornes fromknowing that every so often she is ableto awaken awe and delight in science ina young mind."Read this," she says, handing alunch companion a pièce of paper. It isa letter from a student at KenwoodAcademy, a public high school in HydePark: "Dear Ms. Lestina, I reallyenjoyed the talk on quantum mechan-ics, and the talk after dinner was ....enlightening. In addition, coming tothe Christmas Lectures let me makefriends from other high schools, whichotherwise I could not hâve done.Thank you." H27A mysterious phenomenon, to-ward which professional critics areusually oblivious, recurs constantly inthe literary history of the UnitedStates. A man or woman, with no spécial talent for poetry, will put togethersome apparently run-of-the-mill stan-zas and manage to get them printed ina newspaper or magazine. The poem isread and talked about. It is reprintedhère and there. People eut it out to car-ry in a billfold, or pin on a bulletinboard, or put under the glass top of adesk. Eventually it becomes so wellknown that it is hard to find a literateperson who hasn't read it.The famous poem may be the onlyone that the author ever writes. Sometimes he composes others, but they arenot published and no record of themsurvives. Sometimes his other poemsare printed, but ail of them are médiocre and destined for deserved oblivion.Yet that one poem, inexplicably, oftento the author's own amazement, liveson to become as immortal as any poemcan be on this constantly crumblingearth.Casey at the Bat is such a poem, andits author, Ernest Lawrence Thayer, isa prize spécimen of the "one-poempoet." He wrote nothing else of merit.No one imagines that Casey is "great"in the sensé that the poetry of Shakespeare or Dante is great; a comic balladobviously must be judged by différentstandards . . . Thayer was not even trying to write a poem in the sensé thatOde to a Nightingale is a poem. He wastrying only to write a comic ballad,with clanking rhymes and a simple,vigorous beat, that could be readquickly, understood at once, andlaughed at by any newspaper readerwho knew baseball. By some miracle ofcreativity, in harmony with those curi-ous laws of humor and popular tastethat no one seems to think worth in-vestigating, he managed to producethe nation's best known pièce of comicverse— a ballad that began a native leg-end as colorful and permanent as thelegend of Johnny Appleseed or PaulBunyan and his blue ox. //=aOO<^ *>One of the most humiliating de-feats in the history of the New YorkYankees took place on Sunday, Octo-ber 6, 1963. Because a well-thrown bail Lthere isno joy inMudville..."In time forbaseballseason,the authorexamines theorigins of thefamous poem,Caseyat the Bat,and its manyvariations.,.V.'i bounced off the wrist of first basemanJoe Pepitone, the Yanks lost the fourthstraight game and the World Séries totheir old enemies, the former Brooklyn(but by then the Los Angeles) Dodgers.Across the top of next morning's NewYork Herald Tribune ran the headline:"The Mighty Yankees Hâve StruckOut." Lower on the same page anotherheadline read: "But There's Still Joyin Mudville." (The New York StockExchange was holding up well underthe grimnews.)Every reader of those headlinesknew that they came straight out of thatimmortal baseball ballad, that master-piece of humorous verse, Casey at the Bat.Not one in ten thousand could hâvenamed the man who wrote that poem.His name was Ernest LawrenceThayer. The story of how young Thayer,at the âge of twenty-f ive and fresh out ofHarvard, wrote Casey, and how theballad became famous, has been told before. But it has seldom been told accu-rately or in much détail, and in any case,it is worth telling again.Thayer was born in Lawrence,Massachusetts, on August 14, 1863,exactly one hundred years before themighty Yankees made their celebratedstrike out. By the time he entered Harvard, the family had moved to Worces-ter where Edward Davis Thayer,Ernest's well-to-do father, ran one ofhis several woolen mills. At Harvard,young Thayer made a brilliant recordas a major in philosophy. WilliamJames was both his teacher and friend.Thayer wrote the annual Hasty Pudding play. He was a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fratemity and thehighly exclusive Fly Club. He editedthe Harvard Lampoon, the college'shumor magazine. Samuel E. Winslow,captain of the senior baseball team (later he became a congressman from Massachusetts), was young Thayer's bestfriend. During his last year at Harvard,Thayer never missed a bail game.Another friend of Thayer's collègeyears was the Lampoon's business manager, William Randolph Hearst. In 1885,when Thayer was graduated magna cumlaude—he was Phi Beta Kappa and theIvy orator of his class— Hearst was un-ceremoniously booted off the HarvardYard. (He had a habit of playing practicaljokes that no one on the faculty thoughtfunny, such as sending chamber pots toprofessors, their names incribed there-on.) Hearst's father had recently boughtUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985the ailing San Francisco Examiner to pro-mote his candidacy as United States sen-ator from California. Now that youngWill was in want of something to occupyhis time, the elder Hearst tumed thepaper over to him.Thayer, in the meantime, afterwandering around Europe with noparticular goal, settled in Paris to brushup on his French. Would he consider,Hearst cabled him, retuming to theUnited States to write a humor columnfor the Examinera Sunday supplément?To the great annoyance of his father,who expected him to take over theAmerican Woolen Mills someday,Thayer accepted Hearst's offer.Thayer's contributions to the paperbegan in 1886. Most were unsigned,but starting in October, 1887 and con-tinuing into December he wrote a séries of ballads that ran in the Sundayéditions, about every other week, under the by-line of "Phin." (At Harvardhis friends had called him Phinny.)Then ill health forced him to retum toWorcester. He continued for a while tosend material to the Examiner, includ-ing one final ballad, Casey. It appearedon Sunday, June 3, 1888, page 4, column 4, sandwiched inconspicuouslybetween editorials on the left and aweekly column by Ambrose Bierce onthe right.No one paid much attention to Casey.Baseball fans in San Francisco chuckledover it and a few eastern papers re-printed it, but it could hâve been quicklyforgotten had it not been for a séquenceof improbable events. In New York City arising young comedian and bass singer,William De Wolf Hopper, was appearingin Prince Methusalem, a comic opéra atWallack's Théâtre, at Broadway and 30thStreet. One evening (the exact date isunknown; it was probably late in 1888 orearly in 1889) James Mutrie's New YorkGiants and Pop Anson's Chicago WhiteStockings were invited to the show asguests of management. What could hedo on stage, Hopper asked himself, forthe spécial benef it of thèse men? I hâvejust the thing, said Archibald ClaveringGunter, a novelist and friend. He tookfrom his pocket a ragged newspaperclipping that'he had eut from the Examiner on a récent trip to San Francisco . It wasCasey.This, insisted Gunter, is great. Whynot memorize it and deliver it on stage?Hopper did exactly that, in the middle ofthe second act, with the Giants in boxes By Martin GardnerMartin Gardner, AB'36, is best-knownfor his twenty-five-year stint as creator ofthe " Mathematical Games" column inScientif ic American. Now retired, helives with his wife, Charlotte, in Hender-sonville, NC, where he is at work on a bookon philosophy. He is the author ofmanybooks, among them The Annotated Alice,with comments on Lewis Carroll's work.Last year, the University of Chicago Pressreissued Gardner 's 1967 book, The Annotated Casey at the Bat. Gardner's Caseycontains, in addition to the original ballad,twenty-eight other poems, ail ofthem variations or parodies ofit. There is even a MobyDick takeoffon Casey by science fictionwriter Ray Bradbury, called Ahab at theHelm. The accompanying article containsbrief excerpts from Gardner's introductionand opening essay, the original Casey atthe Bat and one ofthe variations.9\V— — — — Ml"on one side of the théâtre, the WhiteStockings in boxes on the other . . .Astonished and delighted with theway his audience responded to Casey,Hopper made the recitation a permanent part of his répertoire. It becamehis most famous bit. Wherever hewent, whatever the show in which hewas appearing, there were always cur-tain calls for "Casey!" By his owncount, he recited it more than 10,000times, experimenting with hundredsof slight variations in emphasis andgesture to keep his mind fromwandering."When my name is called upon therésurrection morning," he wrote in hismemoirs, "I shall, very probably, un-less some friend is there to pull thesleeve of my ascension robes, arise,clear my throat, and begin: 'The outlook wasn't brilliant for the Mudvillenine that day.'" The poem, declaredHopper, is the only truly great comicpoem written by an American. "It is asperfect an epitome of our nationalgame today as it was when every player drank his coffee from a mustache cup.There are one or more Caseys in everyleague, bush or big, and there is no dayin the playing season that this samesuprême tragedy, as stark as Aristo-phanes for the moment, does not befallon some field. It is unique in ail versein that it is not only funny and ironie,but excitingly dramatic, with the suspense built up to a perfect climax.There is no lame line among the fifty-two."From time to time various "Caseys"who actually played baseball in the late1880's claimed to hâve been the inspiration for the ballad. But Thayer emphati-cally denied that he had had any bailplayer in mind for any of the men men-tioned in Casey . . .By 1900 almost everyone in America had heard or read the poem. No oneknew who had written it . . . Hopperhimself did not find out who wrote theballad until about five years after hebegan reciting it. One evening, havingdelivered the poem in a Worcester théâtre, he received a note inviting him toa local club to meet Casey's author . . .He did disclose, however, that the clubmembers had persuaded Thayer himself to stand up and recite Casey. It was,Hopper declared, the worst delivery ofthe poem he had ever heard. "In asweet, dulcet Harvard whisper he(Thayer) implored Casey to murder theumpire, and gave this cry of mass animal rage with ail the emphasis of a Caterpillar wearing rubbers crawling on avelvet carpet."^ =000=Herewith, the original Casey at theBat. This is the original version ofCasey— word for word, comma forcomma— exactly as it appeared in thefourth column on the fourth page ofthe San Francisco Examiner, Sundaymorning, June 3, 1888.It was inévitable, in the light ofCasey's charismatic character anddreadful downfall, that other versifi-ers would provide him with a secondchance. The best of many such sequelsis Casey's Revenge, written by GrantlandRice in 1906, when he was twenty-sixand sports editor of the Nashville Ten-nessean. Later he became sports editorof the Neio York Herald Tribune and thecountry's best known, best lovedsports writer. I do not know whereCasey's Revenge was first published.24by Ernest L. ThayerThe outlook wasn't brilliant for the Mudville nine thatday;The score stood four to two with but one inning more toplay.And then when Cooney died at first, and Barrows didthe same,A sickly silence fell upon the patrons of the game.A straggling few got up to go in deep despair. The restClung to that hope which springs eternal in the humanbreast;They thought if only Casey could but get a whack atthat—We'd put up even money now with Casey at the bat.But Flynn preceded Casey, as did also Jimmy Blake,And the former was a lulu and the latter was a cake;So upon that stricken multitude grim melancholy sat,For there seemed but little chance of Casey's getting to thebat.But Flynn let drive a single, to the wonderment of ail,And Blake, the much despis-ed, tore the cover off thebail;And when the dust had lifted, and the men saw whathad occurred,There was Johnnie safe at second and Flynn a-huggingthird.Then from 5,000 throats and more there rose a lusty yell;It rumbled through the valley, it rattled in the dell;It knocked upon the mountain and recoiled upon the flat,For Casey, mighty Casey, was advancing to the bat.There was ease in Casey's manner as he stepped into hisplace;There was pride in Casey's bearing and a smile on Casey'sface.And when, responding to the cheers, he lightly doffed hishat,No stranger in the crowd could doubt 'twas Casey at thebat.Ten thousand eyes were on him as he rubbed his handswith dirt;Five thousand tongues applauded when he wiped themon his shirt.Then while the writhing pitcher ground the bail intohis hip, Défiance gleamed in Casey's eye, a sneer curled Casey'slip.And now the leather-covered sphère came hurtlingthrough the air,And Casey stood a-watching it in haughty grandeur there.Close by the sturdy batsman the bail unheeded sped—"That ain't my style," said Casey. "Strike one," theumpire said.From the benches, black with people, there went up amuffledroar,Like the beating of the storm-waves on a stem and distantshore."Kill him! Kill the umpire!" shouted some one on thestand;And it's likely they'd hâve killed him had not Casey raisedhis hand.With a smile of Christian charity great Casey's visageshone;He stilled the rising tumult; he bade the game go on;He signaled to the pitcher, and once more the spheroidflew;But Casey still ignored it, and the umpire said, "Striketwo.""Fraud!" cried the maddened thousands, and écho an-swered fraud;But one scornful look from Casey and the audience wasawed.They saw his face grow stern and cold, they saw hismuscles strain,And they knew that Casey wouldn't let that bail go byagain.The sneer is gone from Casey's lip, his teeth are clenchedin hâte;He pounds with cruel violence his bat upon the plate.And now the pitcher holds the bail, and now he lets it go,And now the air is shattered by the force of Casey's blow.Oh, somewhere in this favored land the Sun is shiningbright;The band is playing somewhere, and somewhere heartsare light,And somewhere men are laughing, and somewhere children shout;But there is no joy in Mudville— mighty Casey hasstruck out.30 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985CASEV'îby Grantland RiceThere were saddened hearts in Mudville for a week oreven more;There were muttered oaths and curses— every fan in townwas sore."Just think," said one, "how soft it looked with Casey atthe bat,And then to think he'd go and spring a bush league tricklike that!"Ail his past famé was forgotten— he was now a hopeless"shine."They called him "Strike-Out Casey," from the mayordown the line;And as he came to bat each day his bosom heaved a sigh,While a look of hopeless fury shone in mighty Casey's eye.He pondered in the days gone by that he had been theirking,That when he strolled up to the plate they made thewelkin ring;But now his nerve had vanished, for when he heard themhootHe "fanned" or "popped out" daily, like some minorleague recruit.He soon began to sulk and loaf, his batting eye wentlame;No home runs on the score card now were chalked againsthis name;The fans without exception gave the manager no peace,For one and ail kept clamoring for Casey's quick release.The Mudville squad began to slump, the team was in theair;Their playing went from bad to worse— nobody seemedto care."Back to the woods with Casey!" was the cry fromRooters' Row."Get some one who can hit the bail, and let that bigdub go!"The lane is long, some one has said, that never turnsagain,And Fate, though fickle, often gives another chance tomen;And Casey smiled; his rugged face no longer wore afrown —The pitcher who had started ail the trouble came to town.AU Mudville had assembled— ten thousand fans had corneTo see the twirler who had put big Casey on the bum;And when he stepped into the box, the multitude wentwild;He doffed his cap in proud disdain, but Casey onlysmiled."Play bail!" the umpire's voice rang out, and- then thegame began.But in that throng of thousands there was not a single fanWho thought that Mudville had a chance, and with thesetting sunTheir hopes sank low— the rival team was leading "fourtoone." The last half of the ninth came round, with no change inthe score;But when the first man up hit safe, the crowd began toroar;The din increased, the écho of ten thousand shouts washeardWhen the pitcher hit the second and gave "four balls"to the third.Three men on base— nobody out— three runs to tie thegame!A triple meant the highest niche in the Mudville's hall offamé;But hère the rally ended and the gloom was deep as night,When the fourth one "fouled to catcher" and the fifth"flew out toright."A dismal groan in chorus came; a scowl was on each faceWhen Casey walked up, bat in hand, and slowly took hisplace;His bloodshot eyes in fury gleamed, his teeth wereclenched in hâte;He gave his cap a vicious hook and pounded on the plate.But famé is fleeting as the wind and glory fades away;There were no wild and woolly cheers, no glad acclaimthis day;They hissed and groaned and hooted as they clamored:"Strike him out!"But Casey gave no outward sign that he had heard thisshout.The pitcher smiled and eut one loose— across the plateit sped;Another hiss, another groan. "Strike one!" the umpiresaid.Zip! Like a shot the second curve broke just below theknee."Strike two!" the umpire roared aloud; but Casey madeno plea.No roasting for the umpire now— his was an easy lot;But hère the pitcher whirled again— was that a rifleshot?A whack, a crack, and out through the space the leatherpellet flew,A blot against the distant sky, a speck against the blueAbove the fence in center field in rapid whirling flightThe sphère sailed on— the blot grew dim and then waslost to sight.Ten thousand hats were thrown in air, ten thousandthrew a fit,But no one ever found the bail that mighty Casey hit.O, somewhere in this favored land dark clouds may hidethe sun,And somewhere bands no longer play and children hâveno fun!And somewhere over blighted lives there hangs a heavypall,But Mudville hearts are happy now, for Casey hit the bail.DUNHAMContinued from page 19only from foreign countries. DuringWorld War II, after a performance inLexington, Kentucky, Dunham re-sponded to the enthusiastic applauseof a segregated white audience with apromise that her company would notperform there again until blacks couldsit alongside whites. "We see by yourresponse you would like us to corneback," Dunham said. "But we cannotappear where people such as ourselvescannot sit next to people such as you."There were incidents in St. Louis andCovington, Kentucky, and other citieswhere stage unions refused to cooper-ate with the Dunham company in retal-iation for Dunham's insistence on intégration. Such treatment was one of thereasons the Dunham company performed abroad so often.Even when she was touringabroad, the U.S. government was lessthan accommodating. While otherAmerican touring companies receivedfinancial assistance from the government and performed abroad on behalfof the U.S. as artistic ambassadors, themulti-racial Dunham company didnot. Invitations to Dunham concertswere routinely ignored by U.S. diplomatie personnel, Dunham says. Shedid not speak out then against thetreatment her company received fromthe State Department but she doesnow. "I think it was simply a racist attitude," she says. "We had a tremendousréception in every country that wewent into. It was quite a powerfulthing and I think it should hâve embar-rassed the State Department. I went tothem many, many times and said, 'youtell me what you want, I '11 provide it(for a United States-sponsored performance). If fifty dancers are toomany, then we'll provide five.' Weplayed this game back and forth forseveral years and there was alwayssome reason" given by the StateDepartment for not working with theDunham company. "It was very dis-couraging." But she never gave up. "Isimply went on doing it and hopingthings would change."Things did change, but slowly. Inthe early 1970s, Dunham was asked tospeak before a Senate committee con-sidering the state of the arts in the U.S.Robert Joffrey says Dunham is a"national treasure that we shouldcherish." The Kennedy Center honor means the nation finally, officially,agrées. At the awards ceremonyDunham was introduced by Agnes deMille, who fifty-four years earlier hadcounseled Mark Turbyfill against theidea of the Ballet Nègre. AlthoughDunham did not become a balletdancer, there is more than a little poeticjustice in de Mille's rôle as présenter.De Mille's speech to the awards audience recounted some of the obstaclesDunham encountered. "She was a suc-cess ail over the world but wherevershe went, in the United States, shefound the going very rough because inher own country she discovered thateven on one-night stands there was nodécent, clean place for her dancers, herboys and girls, to lay their heads. Andshe was constrained to rent wholehouses empty and she put the mattres-ses down on the naked floors. Theycooked communally. In the corner"an historiéachievement"— Agnes de Millestood the sewing machine where JohnPratt, her husband and the designer ofthe costumes, fashioned the dressesthat made theater history. She brokethe trail. Now anyone can travel any-where, but not then. Katherine led theway." The room erupted in applauseand ail eyes turned to look up atDunham, seated in a tier with the otherdésignâtes, Elia Kazan, Frank Sinatra,James Stewart, and Virgil Thompson.Later Dunham said the evening was"like ail my opening nights puttogether."But Anna Grayson, a formerDunham company member and président of the Katherine Dunham Councilfor the Préservation of Cultural Arts,Inc., is one of those who reminds people that this "opening night," thoughappreciated, was long overdue. "Thisis America," she says. "We know thethings that exist and the way people 'sminds are on some subjects," such asrace. "You would think she would hâvebeen recognized hère in her homecountry, but it's late in coming." Out-side of the dance field, younger people, Grayson points out, still usuallydo not know who Dunham is. Thefoundation and school Grayson wantsto establish would help to prevent thatignorance in the future. There already is something people regard as aDunham school— thePerforming Arts TrainingCenter at S. LU. in EastSt. Louis, where Dunham has lived foreighteen years. When she movedthere, the city, which sits across theMississippi River from St. Louis, wasconvulsed by riots and gang wars.Dunham went to gang meetings, toschools, to the city government in anattempt to channel the énergies of thecity's young people away from whatshe calls their "génocide pattern" intosomething constructive.Dance should not only bring people together, Dunham feels, but showthem how to work together to producesomething bigger than themselves.Her faith in that belief was rewarded atthe Kennedy Center when the NewYork City Breakers, a break dancegroup, performed in her honor. Duringtheir dance, the caméra caught anenraptured Dunham watching a verystylized dance produce very basic émotions. The connections between danceand society which she had investigatedfor nearly fifty years were coming aliveon the nation's officiai stage. "I was sohappy because of the absolute, complète total joy that I saw. The wholeunit gave off such— what I believe adance should give off— such a vitalityand such a concerted energy. It wasalmost as though the little ones didwhat they did supported by the wholeunit." She smiles, her expressionrecalling the joy of that night. "I wasjust delighted." Bstaff writer forthe Universityof ChicagoMagazine,is a doctoralcandidatein theDepartmentof English.32 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985Chicago graduâtes never stop seekingknowledge — and they don't hâve to look far:«tournais from The Universityof Chicago PressSOCIAL SCIENCES*Adolescent PsychiatryAmerican Journal of Sociology* Crime and JusticeCurrent AnthropologyEconomie Development andCultural ChangeJournal of British StudiesThe Journal of BusinessJournal of Labor EconomiesThe Journal of Law & EconomiesThe Journal of Légal StudiesThe Journal of Modem HistoryJournal of Political Economy*Ocean YearbookPublications of the Society forResearch in Child Development:Child DevelopmentChild Development Abstractsand BibliographyMonographs of the SRCDThe Public Opinion QuarterlySigns: Journal Of Women in Cultureand SocietySocial Service Review*The Suprême Court ReviewTechnology and Culture*A hardcover annualHUMANITIESClassical PhilologyCritical InquiryEthics: An International Journal ofSocial, Political, and LégalPhilosophyHistory of ReligionsInternational Journal of AmericanLinguisticsJournal of Near Eastern StudiesThe Journal of ReligionThe Library QuarterlyModem PhilologyWinterthur Portfolio: A Journal ofAmerican Material Culture EDUCATIONAmerican Journal of EducationBulletin of the Center forChildren's BooksComparative Education ReviewThe Elementary School JournalBIOLOGICAL & MEDICALSCIENCESThe American Journal of HumanGeneticsThe American NaturalistBotanical GazetteThe Journal of lnfectious DiseasesMolecular Biology and EvolutionPerspectives in Biology and MedicinePhysiological ZoologyReviews of lnfectious DiseasesPHYSICAL SCIENCESThe Astrophysical JournalThe Astrophysical JournalSupplément SériesThe Journal of GeologyDISTRIBUTED BY UCPThe Art Institute of ChicagoMuséum StudiesMetropolitan Muséum JournalWant to know more?Just circle the journals you'd likemore information on, clip out thisad, and mail it to Sandra Willis,Circulation Department, TheUniversity of Chicago Press,Journals Division, P.O. Box 37005,Chicago, IL 60637.The best place to look whenyou're lookingCLASS NEWSr\/2 Frederick Baird, PhB'06, JD'08,WvJ retired Chicago corporate lawyer,celebrated his hundredth birthday in Janu-ary. He lives in Lake Worth, FL.C\Q Harriet Wilkes Merriam, PhB'08, ofUO Sacramento, CA, celebrated herhundredth birthday on November 29.1 rj Mary Van Dyke Haney, PhB'17, ofJL / Winona Lake, IN, teaches reading toadult illiterates.John Huling, Jr., PhB'17, and his wifelive in Whitewater, WI. They operate afarming business in Ambia, IN.James M. Sellers, AB'17, of Lexington,MO, is président of Wentworth MilitaryAcademy, where he teaches Latin."1 Q Dorothy Crowder Chessman,±.y PhB'19, of Peoria, IL, retired afterthirty-f ive years of teaching.Of") Herbert W. Blashfield, PhB'20, is aJ—m\J watercolor artist, writes for magazines and is active in several organizationsin Minneapolis.Marian Johnson Castle, PhB'20, is theeditor of The Green Leaf the in-house paperof Mt. San Antonio Gardens retirementhome, Claremont, CA.'^'1 Edwin C. "Ted" Curtiss, PhB'21,^_ _1_ lives in Largo, FL.Helen Guest Knox, PhB'21, of Fuller-ton, CA, is active in political causes.^^ Eula Phares Mohle, AM'22, oft f Tulsa, OK, helps register voterswith the League of Women Voters and isinvolved in other community services.Milton Steinberg, SB'22, MD'25, ofLincolnwood, IL, practices medicine andtakes extension courses offered by the University of Chicago.r)r\ Truman E. Caylor, MD'23, of Bluff-£m\J ton, IN, is président of the Caylor-Nickel Research Institute.Ruby Peer Sampson, PhB'23, of OgdenDunes, (Portage) IN, is involved in churchwork and the Save the Dunes Organization.**) A Martha Bennett King, PhB'24, is a^J~t children's book columnist for theDenver Post.^C Virginia Buell Pope, PhB'25, of£m\J Winter Park, FL, volunteers forthree art muséums. She enjoys paintingand genealogy research in her free time .O/I ElinorNimsBrink, PhD'26, of Jack-Z—\J sonville, FL, is in the Vice-Présidents' Association, in the WesleyManor choir, and she writes book reviewsfor the American Association of UniversityWomen.John Mourant, PhB'26, PhD'40, of State Collège, PA, published a translation of St.Augustine's works on Grâce with introduction and notes.Donald J. Sabath, SB'26, MD'31, livesin Chicago.Pan Shuh, PhD'26, is président of theChinese Psychological Society. He wrotethe opening address for their Fif th NationalSymposium in December.O ^7 Charlotte Swanson Cleeland,L~j AM'27, of Jacksonville, IL, exhibitedsome of her paintings and drawings atAlbion Collège, Albion, MI.Violet Pritzker Hecht, PhB'27, travelsfrequently and is involved with the MorrisArboretum in Wyndmoor, PA.OO Alex Brodsky, PhB'28, of Glencoe,^-.O IL, is a volunteer counselor for theService Corps of Retired Executives, whichaids small business in starts and workingproblems.Babette Schoenberg Brody, PhB'28, ofChicago, is writing a history of her grandf a-ther, Philip Stein, who was a SuprêmeCourt judge around the turn of the century.Estelle Rochells Greenberg, PhB'28, ofFresno, CA, and her husband, David, hâveenjoyed fifty-four years of marriage. Theyhâve a daughter and two grandchildren.The main auditorium in the éducationbuilding at Bowling Green State University,OH, was named in honor of Théodore J.Jenson, PhB'28. He was dean of the Collègeof Education at Bowling Green.Fred G. Jones, PhB'28, and his wife,Virginia Hardt Jones, PhB'28, celebratetheir f if tieth anniversary this summer.Lucille Price-Benedict Newman,AB'28, of Albuquerque, NM, retired after along teaching career.TO John Lindquist, SB'29, SM'31,J— y MD'34, of Sunnyvale, CA, is retiredand enjoys studying foreign languages andmathemàtics.Anne Z. Moore, AM'29, of Sun CityCenter, FL, retired after teaching for forty-eight years in the U.S. and abroad. She isthe author of five Spanish textbooks andseveral professional articles.Ofj Helen Dudenbostel Byrd, PhB'30,L/V/ of Sun City, AZ, toured the People 'sRepublic of China.Edwin A. Engel, PhB'30, is professoremeritus of English at the University ofMichigan, Ann Arbor.After retiring as a physicist, Darol Fro-man, PhD'30, of Santa Fe, NM, becamechairman of a national bank and director ofdevelopment for a community hospital. Hevolunteers as a salesman in a UNICEFstore, and does tax counseling for theelderly under the American Association ofRetired Persons.Léonard Landwirth, PhB'30, of LosAngeles, writes, "I consider my graduation from the University of Chicago as one of mybetter accomplishments in my long andinteresting life."Arthur H. Rosenblum, SB'30, SM'32,MD'35, is co-director of allergy and immu-nology and senior attending pediatrician atMichael Reese Hospital. He is also a clinicalprofessor emeritus in the department ofpediatrics at the University of ChicagoPritzker School of Medicine.The new Collège of Business buildingcomplex of Florida State University wasnamed in honor of Charles A. Rovetta,PhB'30, MBA'37 of Tallahassee, FL.O 'l Byron E. Cohn, PhD'31, is professor\D JL emeritus of physics at the Universityof Denver.George H. Otto, SB'31, PhD'42, practices geology and lives in Linton, IN.Charles A. Pollak, PhB'31, received aspécial award for fifteen years of boardservice for United Way, Inc., Los Angeles.He is vice-président of the Los Angelesrégion United Way.QO Donald C. Lowrie, SB'32, PhD'42,\J ^ teaches a continuing éducationcourse, "Fall Nature Study," on the ecologyand identification of insects and flowers ofthe Santa Fe, NM, area.Edwill H. Pritchard, AM'32, of UpperArlington, OH, has retired after thirty-f iveyears as a professional engineer.Joseph S. Schick, AM'32, PhD'37, isprofessor emeritus of English at IndianaState University, Terre Haute. He appearedin the 1984 Who's Who in the World.Q O John D. Davenport, PhB'33, lives in\J\-) Fountain Hills, AZ, and enjoystraveling.Howard E. Johnson, PhB'33, of Cincinnati, OH, has three children and sevengrandchildren.Miriam Hamilton Keare, JD'33, is onthe national advisory council of the Population Institute, Washington, D.C. She is amember of the board of trustées of theSierra Club Foundation. She lives in High-land Park, IL, and has fourteen childrenand fourteen grandchildren.Alice R. Mooradian, X'33, is a memberof the advisory councils of the Retired Senior Volunteer Program and the FosterGrandparents Program in Niagara County,NY. She is on the board of directors for theSenior Companion Program, the Councilon Aging, Home Care and MigrantsPrograms.Stanley Mosk, PhB'33, of San Francisco, has been a member of the CaliforniaSuprême Court for twenty years.Frederick M. Noble, SB'33, of PalmDésert, CA, retired as an air pollutioninspector for the county of Los Angeles.Daniel Rhodes, PhB'33, of Davenport,CA, has written five books on ceramic artand has pièces of his work on display at the3J UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985FAMILY ALBUM— '85 Photos by Jim WrightRita Sprudzs, AB'81; Peterisf. Sprudzs, AB'82, MBA' 85; Ugis Sprudzs,AB'76, MAT80, MBA'84. Maryellen Lissak Giger, PhD'85; Dennis Lissak, AM'66.Franklin "Buzz" Spector, MFA'78; Njara Stout, MBA' 85. MitchellP. Koza, PhD'85; Blanche Koza; Lynn BarkerKoza,AM'75,PhD'84.(L. to r.) Bernard Ellis; Amy Fershko Ellis, MBA'80; Pierre A. Ellis,AM'77, PhD'85; Germaine Ellis. Alice Carlsson Rule; Ingrid Kristine Rule, AB '80, MD '85; Kenneth C.Rule, SB' 35.Smithsonian Institution, the Victoria andAlbert Muséum, and the Whitney muséum.Q/4 Leland D. Case, X'34, of Tucson,vU^fc AZ, received The Westerner awardfrom the Old West Trail Foundation inhonor of his dévotion to the lore and historyof the West. Edwin M. Duerbeck, AB'34, AM'35, ofLaguna Hills, CA, volunteers for the Sad-dleback Valley California Public Schoolsand is a discussion leader in the Great Décisions Programs.Esther Goodman Gershon, PhB'34, andher husband, Sol D. Gershon, SB'34,SM'35, PhD'38, celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary in September, 1984.They live in Teaneck, NJ.Henry E. Patrick, PhB'34, AM'38, ofMontgomery, AL, writes that he enjoyedthe fiftieth anniversary class reunion célébration held in 1984.Paul Roofe, PhD'34, lives in Lawrence,KS.35Harry Ruja, AM'34, of La Mesa, CA, ischairman of the board of directors of theBertrand Russell Society.Frank C. Springer, Jr., PhB'34, is président of the Planned Parenthood of CentralIndiana, a member of the board of directors ofthe Festival Music Society of Indiana, Inc.,and of the Woodstock Club, Indianapolis.OC Herbert M. Schenker, AB'35, JD'36,\J\_/ merged his San Antonio, TX, lawfirm with Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer andFeld with offices in Texas, Washington,New York, and London.The chair of international law at theU.S. Army's Judge Advocate General'sschool was named after Waldemar A. Soif,AB'35, JD'37, of Alexandria, VA.David J. Tschetter, MD'35, of Green-ville, NC, interviews prospective studentswith the North Carolina-University of Chicago Alumni Association.JohnZeltin, AB'35, enjoys tending béesin Vallejo, CA.Q /T Marion McKinney Baird, AB'36,\_J\_/ teaches at Bellaire Senior HighSchool, Bellaire, TX.A poem by Jean Prussing Burden,AB'36, of Altadena, CA, was publishedin the fall issue of The Hudson Review. Shehas also written several books and a poetrycollection.Ellis K. Fields, SB'36, PhD'38, is aresearch consultant at Amoco Chemicals ofStandard Oil Co. (Indiana), Naperville, IL.He became président of the AmericanChemical Society in January.Wilbur Hogevoll, AM'36, DB'37, ofHagerstown, MD, was reappointed to theCouncil of Clergy of the Department ofHealth and Mental Hygiène of Maryland.A. R. Mortimer, PhB'36, lives in SanGabriel, CA.John V. Murra, AB'36, AM'42, PhD'56,of Ithaca, NY, was a 1983-84 GuggenheimFellow and taught in a program on Andeanhistory in Quito, Ecuador. He was alsoelected a corresponding member of thePeruvian Academy of HistoryFred A. Replogle, PhD'36, of Floss-moor, IL, board member and vice-chairmanof the board and chairman of académie andstudent affairs at George Williams Collège,received an honorary Doctor of HumaneLetters from GWC in October, 1984.Qfy Mark Ashin, AB'37 AM'38, PhD'50,\J i professor in the department of English and secretary of the faculties, enteredthe University of Chicago as a freshmanfifty years ago. He teaches freshmanhumanities courses in the Collège.Gordon D. Gibson, AB'37/ AM'50,PhD'52, of Escondido, CA, is curator emeritus of African ethnology at the Smith-sonian Institution, Washington, D.C.Doris M. Hunter, SB'37, is a clinicalassociate professor in the department ofpsychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, and ison the faculty of the Pittsburgh Psychoana-lytic Institute.D. Eldridge McBride, AB'37, AM'43, ofMount Carroll, IL, is active in choral music groups. He traveled to London and Edin-burgh in September.Cody Pfanstiehl, X'37, of Silver Spring,MD, and his wife, Margaret, produceAudio Descriptions for blind and low-vision theater patrons.Herbert Pomerance, SB'37, PhD'50,retired from Oak Ridge National Labora-tory (TN) after forty years of service.F. Kenneth Worland, AB'37, lives inRockford, IL, and enjoys oil painting.O O Lelia W. Anderson, AM'38, DB'40,t/O of La Moille, IL, gives lectures onher visit to Eastern Europe. Her trip wassponsored by the United Church Board forWorld Ministries.Roger B. Bernhardt, X'38, is semi-retired and lives in Naples, FL.Clarence C. Lushbaugh, SB'38,PhD'42, MD'48, is chief of radiation medicine of the médical and health sciences division of the Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN.James J. Murray, SM'38, of Marietta,GA, is retired and writes novels and poetry.In June 1984, a festschrift was publishedby the Swedish American Historical Societyin honor of the the seventy-f if th birthday ofNils W. Olsson, AM'38, PhD '49, of WinterPark, FL.Edith Hansen Stenson, AB'38, of Lee 'sSummit, MO, is retired and enjoys travel-ing around the world.OQ Judson W. Allen, AB'39, serves with\J y the Overseas Treasury Service of thePresbyterian Church (U.S. A.) in New York.Martin Bronfenbrenner, PhD'39, isprofessor of international économies at theSchool of International Politics, Economiesand Business of the Aoyama Gakuin University in Tokyo.Richard C. Chapman AB'39, and Patricia Blasdel Chapman, AB'39, moved to afarm in Ridgefield, WA. Their daughter,Priscilla Chapman Frisch works in astron-omy at the Enrico Fermi Lab, and herhusband Henry Frisch is an associate professor of physics, both at the University ofChicago.David M. Grubbs, PhD'39, teachespetroleum engineering at the University ofAlabama, Tuscaloosa.Frederick S. Hill, Jr., SM'39, is abroker-salesman for Ann Noonan RealtyInc., Webster Groves, MO.Mathilde J. Kland, SB'39, of Lafayette,CA, is a consultant writer on environmen-tal chemistry and health effects related tothe manufacture and use of industrialchemicals and fossil fuels.Stewart Winstein, JD'39, is a seniorpartner in the law firm of Winstein,Kavensky, Wallace and Doughty, RockIsland, IL.AÇ\ W. James Atkins, AB'40, of Chicago,^t\_/ is a fund-raising consultant.Ellen Beckman, AM'40, of Hyattsville,MD, is active in the National SymphonyOrchestra Women's Committee, the Daugh-ters of Union Vétérans of the Civil War andmany other women's organizations. Vesta Bradford Burch, X'40, of Houston, worked as a social worker for fiftyyears. She has three children and twograndchildren.Sherman C. Lowell, SB'40, is a computer and mathemàtics consultant afterretiring from the departments of mathemàtics and computer science at WashingtonState University, Pullman.Natalie Clyne Reid, AB'40, of Kailua,HI, writes a newsletter for the Hawaii Association of Language Teachers.Louis H. Shapera, AB'40, JD'42, of Sko-kie, IL, practices law in Chicago.Daniel J. Sullivan, AM'40, of St. Louis,was appointed to the "Family Life and Chil-dren's Task Force" of the Missouri CatholicConférence.Colin G. Thomas, Jr., SB'40, MD'43, isprofessor and chief of the division of gênerai surgery at the University of NorthCarolina, Chapel Hill.A '1 Lenora Koos Crowley, AB'41, ofT!_L Newaygo, MI, enjoys music and artand is taking a class in watercolor.Helen Huus, AM'41, PhD'44, ofNorthwood, IA, toured China last year.Robert E. Koenig, SB'41, PhD'53, ofHavertown, PA, retired after thirty years ofservice to the United Church of ChristBoard for Homeland Ministries, in the division of publication.Alfred Pfanstiehl, SB'41, of Bourne-mouth, England, is a consultant, analystand programmer in unusual applications ofmicrocomputers.David M. Pletcher, AB'41, AM'41,PhD'46, is professor of history at IndianaUniversity, Bloomington, and is the authorof three books and many articles.Betty Evans Price, AB'41, teaches men-tally and physically handicapped as a volunteer at Goodwill Industries, St. Peters-burg, FL.In July, 1984, James M. Read, PhD'41,participated in the Conférence on HigherEducational and Research Policy in Ger-many, 1945-1952, held at the Aspen Institutein Berlin.Melvin T. Tracht, AB'41, does laborarbitration and administers a private charitable foundation in Chicago.Howard G. Woody, MD'41, works part-time as a consultant with the Illinois Bureauof Disability Adjudication Services, Spring-field, IL.A^y Jacob R. Bowers, Jr., AB'42, of^-£- Laureldale, PA, travels frequentlythroughout the U.S.Eugène F. Folks, X'42, of Damman,Saudi Arabia, is gênerai manager ofAmeron Saudi Arabia Ltd., involved in thetransport of desalinated water within theKingdom of Saudi Arabia.Norman G. Foster, SB'42, retired fromthe department of chemistry at the TexasWoman's University, Denton, after twentyyears of service.Robert B. Gooden, SB'42, is chairmanof the board of Gooden Industries, Inc.,Elko, NV.Robert L. Meyer, AB'42, is director ofUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZ1NE/SUMMER 1985publications for the National Safety Council. His wife, Catherine Leinen Meyer,PhB'47, tutors deaf students and teachespiano. They live in Elmhurst, IL.James Niday, SB'42, SM'60, does chem-ical consulting and volunteers in Pleasan-ton, CA.Franz M. Oppenheimer, SB'42, and hiswife, Margaret Foote Oppenheimer, AB'43,became grandparents in 1984. Franz is apartner with the law firm of Kominers,Fort, Schlefer and Boyer in Washington,D.C.Betty Debs Sobel, AB'42, owns a printgallery, Print Mint, in Wilmette, IL.Louise Galst Wechsler, AB'42, AM'44,of Kensington, CA, was elected director ofthe central pacifie coast région Hadassah.She and her husband, Sanford, receivedthe Ben Gurion Award for CommunityService, given by the Israël Bonds Office.A*y Richard H. Custer, AM'43, was des-iC/ ignated as a Paul Harris Fellow bythe Rotary Club of West Hartford in récognition of his service as city manager of WestHartford, CT, from 1962 to 1978 and of hisservice to the Rotary Club.G. Campbell Cutler, MD'43, and hiswife, Frances, received the Jef ferson Awardfrom the American Institute for PublicService, Washington, DC, for their volunteer service with refugees in Thailand andHonduras.Grâce Moore David, SB'43, is involvedin church activities and is a member of theDeland Woman's Club, Deland, FL.Martha Siefkin Gordon, AB'43, retiredafter working as a family therapist. Shelives in Old Mission, MI.Marjorie Sullivan Lee, AB'43, isinvolved in parent organizations for thehandicapped in Lombard, IL.Margaret Foote Oppenheimer, AB'43.See 1942, Franz Oppenheimer.The National Park Service namedShirley DoBos Patterson, SB'43, as theNational Trails Coordinator. She is deputychief of the récréation branch of theNational Park Service at its headquarters inWashington, DC.John W. Ragle, SB'43, teaches Englishat Kimball Union Academy, NH.Raymond R. Ryder, PhD'43, retired asprofessor of éducation at Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, after teaching forthirty-seven years. He has three children,nine grandchildren and two great-grandchildren.Robert E. Smith, AB'43, is an invest-ment and business consultant in San José,Costa Rica.Richard M. Stout, AB'43, JD'44, liveson a farm in Défiance, MO, and practiceslaw in Chesterfield.Marshall W. Wiley, PhB'43, JD'48,MBA'49, practices international law inWashington, D.C, with the law firm of Sid-ley and Austin.A A Jack A. Batten, PhB'44, MBA'50, of_I_ _L Sioux Falls, SD, completed ten yearsas conférence minister of the South DakotaConférence of the United Church of Christ. He and his wife returned from six monthsservice as volunteers with the UCC missionin Turkey.Sigrid Grande Deeds, AB'44, is directorof éducation and instructional programs atthe American Red Cross National Headquarters, Washington, D.C.From December, 1984, to December,1985, Konrad Kingshill, SM'44, is actingprésident of Payap University, Chiang Mai,Thailand.Anna Schaefer Leopold, PhB'44,AM'62, of Altoona, PA, and her husband,Lou, wrote an article on "Political Photog-raphy" for the Journal of the PhotographieSociety of America, July, 1984. In Octoberthey held an exhibit, "Perspectives: Politicsand Political Science" at Lehigh University,Bethlehem, PA.Beverly Glenn Long, AB'44, of Providence, RI, was named Outstanding StateMembership Chairman for 1983-84 by theAmerican Bar Association. She was recog-nized for her exceptional record of participation in new lawyer admission cérémonies and her efforts to encourage RhodeIsland attorneys to join the ABA.Elizabeth Headland Oostenbrug,AB'44. See 1947, William Oostenbrug.Carol Kousnetz Sterkin, SB'44, worksat the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasa-dena, CA. She is involved in scientificinformation activities related to NASAspace programs.Ruth Holland Waddell, AB'44, of Corn-ville, AZ, and her husband, John, built anart studio-workshop for creating and cast-ing in bronze and figurative sculpture.They accept apprentices into the WaddellSculpture Fellowship.A C Lois H. Daniel, AM'45, volunteers^t.\J at The Shopping Bag, a thrift shop,and is a member of Clark Mémorial UnitedMethodist Center, Nashville, TN.Charles C. Murrah, AB'45, is a professor in the department of English at the University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario. Thisyear he is on sabbatical leave in London,where he is staying in the London House,Mecklenburgh Square.Joseph Norbury, AB'45, JD'52, teachesRussian at St. Alban's School for Boys,Washington, D.C.Fred Silberschein, AM'45, is treasurerof the Community Center for the Arts,Michigan City, IN.Lotte Wolf Stein, PhB'45, SB'47, of Hal-landale, FL, teaches at Barry University,Miami.Charlotte Bernth Vikstrom, PhB'45, isprésident of her own real estate firm inHyde Park, Chicago.A£L Norman H. Anderson, SB'46,\t\_7 SM'49, is professor of psychology atthe University of California, San Diego. InDecember he presented a paper on moralalgebra at the fifth national symposium ofthe Chinese Psychological Society in Beij-ing, China.Robert W. Hanks, PhD'46, retired fromthe University of Florida Institute of Foodand Agricultural Science after twenty- seven years at the Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL.Herbert Kadish, AB'46, is in the graduate school of vocational rehabilitation coun-seling in spécial éducation at the Universityof Texas-Austin.Constance Allenberg Katzenstein,PhB'46, AM'49, PhD'71, teaches at WrightInstitute and is a family and individual therapist in Los Angeles.Esther Langlois, X'46, of Lakewood, OH,is a psychologist and marriage counselor.Léon F. Miller, AM'46, PhD'50, retiredfrom Northwest Missouri State Universityafter teaching and serving as dean of thegraduate school for many years.Ledyard R. Tucker, PhD'46, is professor emeritus of psychology at the University of Illinois, Urbana. He teachesadvanced courses in quantitative psychology and does consulting with the Educational Testing Service.Alezah Dworkin Weinberg, PhB'46, is aclinical social worker in Beachwood, OH. InJune, 1984, her daughter, Shirah WeinbergHecht, received her M. A. in sociology fromthe University.AJ7 Emery A. Beres, MBA' 47, is busy^t/ with charitable and communityactivities in Lake Arrowhead, CA.Theresa S. Carterette, AB'47, is chairman of the department of psychology atSimmons Collège, Boston.George Davies, PhB'47, MD'52, is inprivate practice in psychiatry in Stockton,'CA.Albert W. Demmler, Jr., PhB'47, of NewKensington, PA, is the editor of the Society ofAutomotive Engineers' Magazine.Virginia Mainzer Feagans, AB'47 ofCarmichael, CA, teaches reading and mathto low-skilled adult readers.Herbert J. Gans, PhB'47 AM'50, professor of sociology at Columbia University,New York, is spending his sabbatical leaveon a German Marshall Fund Fellowshipdoing a study of the potential of work-sharing as a policy for reducingunemployment.After serving as U. S . ambassador to theSudan for three years, C. William Kontos,AB'47, AM'48, has returned to the Department of State as a member of the Secretary'spolicy planning council.DaltonE. McFarland, MBA'47, receivedthe 1984 Frederick W. Conner Prize in thehistory of ideas for an essay on "The Mythand Reality of Progress."Catherine Leinen Meyer, PhB'47. See1942, Robert L. Meyer.William Oostenbrug, SB'47, of Hins-dale, IL, retired from John Nuveen andCompany after thirty-seven years of service. He and his wife, Elizabeth HeadlandOostenbrug, AB'44, enjoy traveling.Marcia Rike Reardan, PhB'47, is anassistant corporate secretary for the J. G.Mulford Company in Westf ield, NJ.AQ Charles A. Lippitz, PhB'48, JD'51, is^fcC/ a partner in charge of the tax department of Vedder, Price, Kaufman andContinued on page 4037InternationalUniversity ofThe first annual International U. of C. Daywill celebrate the birthday of the founderand first Président of the University,William Rainey Harper.Alumni, students and faculty are invited tojoin the festivities in 28 différent locationsin the United States and abroad. Partici-pating cities are listed alphabetically, witha spécial "Early Bird" section at the endfor date variations.For information about spécifie programs, call the contact person listedunder that city. If you wish to receive abrochure, write to: Bette Arnett, ProgramDirector, University of Chicago AlumniAffairs Office, 5757 S. Woodlawn Avenue,Chicago, IL 60637, or call: 312-753-2180.ALBANYBéryl Drobeck 581-286-3487ATLANTADave Robichaud 404-586-6700 (days)BOSTONHarry Greenwald 617-431-8100 (days)CHICAGOMark Reinecke 312-753-2195COLORADOJuly 21 — See Early Bird Section LOS ANGELESJim or Julie Barbour, 213-486-3760 (days),213-461-7566 (eves.)MIAMIJohn or Kathy Gaubatz 305-661-2481MILWAUKEEBlaine Rieke 414-765-5102 (days)MINNEAPOLIS/ST. PAULTerry or Susan Wolkerstorfer 612-698-4202MONTREALSanta Ono 514-392-4292 (days)NEW YORKDavid Eichenthal 718-375-0770 (days)NORTHEAST OHIOCleveland-AkronGreg Balbierz 216-375-2133 (work),216-932-0044 (home) or John Barden216-795-6598NORTHWEST INDIANAHelen Harmon, 219-844-3892 or StaciaPlewa, 219-932-9191PITTSBURGHChristine Torie, 412-487-4491 (eves.)PORTLANDKarl Mitchener, 503-363-4521 or B. J.Seymour, 503-228-2472SundayJuly 2a 1985UTAHJuly 27 — See Early Bird SectionWASHINGTON, D.C.Stéphanie Wallis 703-237-9013Early BîrdsSunday, July 14LONDONDr. John Montague 0734-471496Sunday, July 21COLORADOBarbara Wagonfeld 303-740-8153 orCarolyn Fodrea 303-699-2478TUCSONJohn Boop 602-299-3345 (eves.),602-296-3211 x2345 (days)Saturday, July 27SAN DIEGOBob Pasulka 619-291-0840 (days),619-265-1104 (eves.)UTAHSait Lake CityJudith von Sivers 801-364-3310DETROITTerri Bellaimey 313-862-1164HOUSTONDiana Rathjen 713-222-5685 (days),713-729-7302 (eves.) or Miranda L.Ferrell, 713-658-9878 (days),713-523-7290 (eves.)LONDONJuly 14 — See Early Bird Section, LOS ANGELESl Orange County\ Marlyn Osborn 714-990-6428 or MichaelI Schlutz 714-631-2540il PRINCETONEd Anderson 609-924-1589SAN DIEGOJuly 27 — See Early Bird SectionSAN FRANCISCOJoe Moran 415-254-1351SEATTLESusan Connor 206-782-5807 or EmilyWoodson 206-232-0222TOKYOMr. N. Horie 344-4411TUCSONJuly 21 — See Early Bird SectionTULSARaymond Feldman 918-583-7129 (work)CLASS NEWSContinued from page 37Kammholz, Chicago, IL.Frank A. Loftus, PhB'48, AM'50, ofDover, DE, is a staff member with the Stateof Delaware, Department of Correction.Audrey Swanberg Maier, SB '48, retiredafter twenty-two years as director of nurs-ing at Burnett General Hospital, Grants-burg, WI. Last June, she traveled to Norwayand Sweden. Elizabeth Howe, AM'49, is an indi-vidual, marital, and family therapistinElmhurst, IL.Jack W. Japenga, PhB'49, MD'53, isdirector of the International Bancorp and ofthe Independent National Bank, Covina,CA. He received a certif icate of récognitionfor community service from the LosAngeles County Board of Supervisors.Kurt Lang, AB'49, AM'52, PhD'53, for-merly professor of sociology and politicalscience at the State University of New York Paul J. Scheips, AM'49, is chief of thestaff support branch of the U.S. Army Center of Military History, Washington, D.C.Morris Springer, AM'49, PhD'61,teaches English as a volunteer at BeershevaPrison, Beersheva, Israël. He is also a member of the local board of the Association forPrisoner Rehabilitation, and he reviewsbooks for The Jérusalem Post.Barbara Evans Zimmer, AB'49, receivedthe 1983-84 Distinguished Associate Faculty Award for teaching, research and service, from the School of Libéral Arts, IndianaUniversity-Purdue University, Indianapo-lis. She teaches in the writing program.Gloria Gold Edwards, AB'50, issales manager of the Milwaukeeprinting companies, Kopy-Print, which sheand her husband own and operate.Peter G. Gaal, PhB'50, SB'54, MD'54,practices cardiovascular and thoracic sur-gery in Santa Paula, CA. He won first prizeat the Ventura County Fair for his exhibit on"Variety on a Small Farm."John B. Goodenough, SM'50, PhD'52,is chairman and professor of inorganicchemistry and director of the inorganicchemistry laboratory at the University ofOxford, England.William F. Hamilton, AM'50, of Lake-wood, OH, is an educational consultantwith the Martha Holden Jennings Foundation and with the advanced placement program of the Collège Board.Katherine Tuach Kendall, PhD'50, ofNew York, is an executive secretary to acouncil of advisors working with theHunter Collège School of Social Work andwith the Lois and Samuel Silberman Fund.Warren C. Miller, AB'50, AM'54. See1954, Elinor Smith Miller.Hillel A. Schiller, AM'50, is a learningtherapist in Brooklyn, and a language andreading consultant with the office of spécialprograms at the City University of NewYork. He also enjoys writing poetry.In February, 1984, Gregory Votaw,AM'50, of Bethesda, MD, led a ForeignAffairs Office Investment Centre team toUganda to assist the government in préparation of an agricultural rehabilitationproject.Robert E Anderson, AM'51, PhD'54,of Lake Ransom Canyon, TX, isprofessor of psychology at Texas TechUniversity, Lubbock. He is also chairpersonof the Texas State Board of Examiners ofPsychologists.Robert F. Dehaan, PhD'51, is director ofthe Master of Human Services Program atLincoln University, Philadelphia.Mario S. DePillis, AB'51, AM'54, isprofessor of history at the University ofMassachusetts at Amherst. He is the editorof the new journal Communal Societies.Lloyd E. Dodd, AM'51, is professor ofart history and archaeology in Rome. Thisspring he was a visiting professor in ancientart history at Hiram Collège, Hiram, OH.Abraham J. Falick, MBA'51, of LosAngeles, is président of Navigator Press,Inc., and is chairman of the Coalition forFAMILY ALBUM-'85(t. to r.) Louise Hulbert Kinzie Wornom, AM '62; Diana Louise Kinzie,AM'85; Raymond Wyant Kinzie; Dorothy Beek Kinzie. Diana Kinzie isthefifth génération to be involved with the University. Her great-great-grandfather, En Baker Hulbert was the first dean ofthe Divinity School;her great -grandfather, AndrewR. E. Wyant, DB'97, was the first electedcaptain ofthe Chicago Maroons' football team under Amos Alonzo Stagg.Other family alumni include her great-grandmother, Louise HulbertWyant, PhB'96; her grandfather, Raymond A. Kinzie, PhB'27, JD'29;her grandmother, Florence Wyant Kinzie, PhB'21; and a great-aunt ,Elizabeth Wyant Martin, SB'27.Jack W. Pearson, PhB'48, of Pleasanton,CA, is président of Lehrer-Pearson, Inc. Hewon two awards from the Department ofEnergy and from the Department ofDéfense for advances in the précision fabrication of électron guns.John H. Reynolds, SM'48, PhD'50, ischairman of the department of physics atthe University of California, Berkeley.Barbara Jacobson Seymour, PhB'48,AM'62, a social worker in Portland, OR, isin the Ph.D. program in English at the University of Oregon, Eugène.Robert N. Stewart, X'48, is mayor ofColumbus, IN, after serving as IndianaRepublican State Chairman.Sophronia Nickolaou Tomaras, AB'48,assesses the student learning objective program for the office of research and évaluation of the Tacoma, WA, school district. Sheis also the président of the Northwest Evaluation Association, a consortium of schooldistricts and agencies working to improvethe use and interprétation of educationalmeasurement data. at Stony Brook, is now professor and director of the School of Communications in theCollège of Arts and Sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. His wife,Gladys Engel Lang, PhD'54, formerly professor of sociology and political science atthe State University of New York at StonyBrook, is now professor of communicationsand political science at the University ofWashington in Seattle.Paul Lerman, PhB'49, is a professor ofsocial work and sociology at RutgersUniversity, New Brunswick, NJ. He wasawarded a research grant from the NationalInstitute of Mental Health for a study com-paring the behavioral and emotional prob-lems of youth serviced by the child welfareand mental health service Systems ofNewark, NJ.Harold Lieberman, AM'49, is professorof interdisciplinary studies at St. CloudState University, St. Cloud, MN. Last yearhe was director of St. Cloud's Center forBritish Studies in Almwick Castle,Northumberland, England.40 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985Rapid Transit.Fred Fragner, AM'51, lives in FédéralWay, WA.Walter M. Pintner, AB'51, AM'57, ischairman of the department of Russian literature in the Collège of Arts and Sciencesat Cornell University. Ithaca, New York.George Rosenberg, AB'51, is professorof sociology at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland.Melvin Stahl, AB'51, is a pathologist atFrench Hospital and San Luis ObispoCounty (CA) General Hospital.E. Isabel Webb, AM'51, of Hammond,IN, works with adult illiterates. She is président of Lake County Retired Teachers'Association.ET O Richard N. Baum, MD'52, practicesJZi internai medicine and is active withthe Los Angeles County Muséum of Art andwith his wife's art gallery, the Jan BaumGallery.Lita Gray Brody, AB'52, is in privatelaw practice in Chicago.David H. Kistner, AB'52, SB'56,PhD'57 is a biology professor at Chico StateUniversity, CA. In 1984 he was elected a fel-low of the California Academy of Sciences.Gloria Karasik Kitzler, AB'52, of SilverSpring, MD, teaches elementary school insuburban Washington, D.C.Virginia J. Miller, AM'52, retired aftereighteen years as an associate professor atthe Collège of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson.David Ray, AB'52, AM'57, professor ofEnglish at the University of Missouri—Kansas City, a poet, and the editor of NewLetters magazine, was invited by the Rock-efeller Foundation to be a résident scholarat the Bellagio Study and Conférence Center on Lake Como in northern Italy.Robert A. J. Roger, MBA'52, is vice-président of T. W. Oil, Inc., Houston. Hisson, Anthony, is a graduate student ininternational relations at the University ofChicago.Richard Scott, JD'52, had an articlepublished in the French légal journal, RevueGénérale de Droit International Public.CQ Charles F. Ahlgrimm, MBA'53,yjvj takes courses at Sun City Branch ofArizona State University.Lou K. Dods, MBA'53, is director ofpurchasing at E.I. du Pont de Nemours andCo., Inc., Wilmington, DE.M. Lawrence Glasser, AB'53, SM'55, isprofessor of mathemàtics and computer science at Clarkson Collège of Technology,Potsdam, NY. He and his wife, Judith Sen-sibar Glasser, X'56, hâve four children andtwo grandchildren.Anton N. Kasanof, AB'53, is doingadvanced Russian language and area studies and is a cultural attaché of the U.S.Embassy in Moscow for the summer.Marvin S. Weinreb, SM'53, MD'53, isinvolved in the Jewish Welfare Fédérationand Pacific Dermatological Association.His wife, Ilene Spack Weinreb, AM'53, is ahousing advocate for affordable housing for the Bay Area Council. They live in Hay-ward, CA.Robert Van Duyn, PhD'53, of NewYork, is in business partnerships and private business and will be traveling toBangkok, Thailand, this year.CT A At the Illinois Welfare Agency an-\JjL nual conférence banquet, David L.Daniel, AM'54, received a plaque from theUnited Way Crusade of Mercy in récognition of his seven years as chairman of theState Employées Campaign Committee forthe Chicago Metropolitan Région. Danielhas received numerous awards and honorsduring his career as a social worker andwelfare administrator and is listed in Who'sWho in America.Norman Demb, AM'54, is professor ofpsychology at Oakton Community Collège,Des Plaines, IL. He spent last summer onsabbatical studying psychological issues onkibbutzim, the collective farms in Israël.Léonard W. Dodson, X'54, is involvedwith art and painting at the University ofIllinois at Chicago.Gilbert J. Ginsburg, AB'54, AB'55,JD'57, of Washington, D.C, is a partner anda member of the executive committee of thelaw firm of Epstein, Becker, Borsody, andGreen, PC.Byron Harvey, AB'54, runs a shop andvolunteers as a research assistant at Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.Moreen Crumley Jordan, PhD'54,teaches American literature and is chiefadvisor to undergraduate English majors atthe University of Illinois at Chicago.Gladys Engel Lang, PhD'54. See 1949,Kurt Lang.Elinor Smith Miller, AM'54, is vice-chancellor for académie affairs at the University of South Carolina, Coastal CarolinaCollège, Conway. Her husband, Warren C.Miller, AB'50, AM'54, writes fiction andteaches créative writing at USC.Donovan E. Smucker, AM'54, PhD'57,is professor emeritus of social science at theUniversity of Waterloo and Conrad GrebelCollège, Ontario. He contributes articles onProtestantism to the World Topics Yearbook ofLake Bluff, IL.C ET Henry Borzo, PhD'55, is professorw/\_/ emeritus of history at Drake University, Des Moines, IA.StantonT. Friedman, SB'55, SM'56, is anuclear physicist. He also lectures on flyingsaucers. In September he attended a meeting of the European Society for NuclearMethods in Agriculture in Piacenza, ItalyWilliam C. Lawton, PhD'55, of Fre-mont, CA, is working on paradigms inte-grating physical sciences, social sciences,and symbol Systems.Alvaro Magana, AM'55, former président of El Salvador, teaches fiscal law andpublic finance at the University José MatiasDelgado, San Salvador, El Salvador.Harry L. Parson, Jr., X'55, of Stamford,CT, was elected a vice-président of TheEquitable Life Assurance Society of theUnited States.Karl Rodman, AB'55, of New Paltz, NY, is président of Comparative EducationSeminars, Inc., which sends groups of educators to examine school Systems of theUSSR and of Israël.Janet B. Ross, AM'55, received the Ale-jandro Reyes award from the Pan AmericanAssociation in Philadelphia. She is a member of the Health Care Cultural Center ofStudies in Social Science and the MedicineNationalities Service Center. She is also avolunteer associate at the Temple University Center for Aging.Norma Janeau Schulman, AB'55, isprésident of the Palm Beach County chap-ter of the Florida Psychological Association.She is vice-président and chairman of theéducation committee and crisis line. Shehas a private practice in psychotherapy.Last summer,Ronald R. Wemple,MD'55, of Fort Collins, CO, was the physi-cian with an expédition to Gosherbrum IVin the Karakoram mountain range of northern Pakistan.ET /2 Bernice Augenbraun, AM'56, ofv_/\_/ Redondo Beach, CA, was namedSocial Worker of the Year for 1984 by the California chapter of the National Associationof Social Workers.Robert H. Bosch, AB'56, is senior vice-président of opérations at BancOhioNational Bank, Columbus, OH.Gordon A. Christensen, DB'56, ofBrandon, FL, has been the director of train-ing for Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance for fifteen years. He is writing a novelon teen paratroopers in Japan.WeaverE. Falberg, X'56, is chairman ofthe board of trustées of the Devereux Foundation, Devon, PA. He was inducted intothe Hall of Famé of Tilden Technical HighSchool, Chicago.Judith Sensibar Glasser, X'56. See 1953,M. Lawrence Glasser.Walter Grevatt, Jr. DB'56, is a ministerin Ludlow, VT. He focuses on the care of theaged and the delivery of health care in ruralareas.Michael J. Harrison, SM'56, PhD'60, ofMichigan State University, East Lansing,developed and taught an undergraduatecourse on the physics of nuclear arms andnuclear war. He was invited to address theeighteenth annual comparative literaturesymposium on "Teaching American Under-graduates Nuclear Arms Issues."Estelle Rogers, AM'56, is vice-président of nursing éducation at SaintFrancis Hospital, Evanston, IL.Ervin E. Uttermann, AB'56, is a studentat the Institute for Learning in Retirementat the American University, Washington,D.C.Emory Via, AM'56, PhD'64, director ofthe Labor Education and Research Center atthe University of Oregon, Eugène, waselected to a two-year term as national président of the University and Collège LaborEducation Association.CTrT Karl Aun, AM'57, is professor emer-\J / itus of the department of politicalscience at Wilfrid Laurier University, Water-loo, Ontario. He also does research for theCanadian government.Ina Taylor Gabier, AM'57 retired fromthe political science department of VenturaCollège, CA, and moved to Little Rock, AR.Catherine Mahoney Howett, AM'57,received the Alumni Faculty TeachingAward from the University of GeorgiaSchool of Environmental Design where sheis assistant professor. Her husband, JohnHowett, AM'62, PhD'68, was awarded theSenior Class Teaching Award at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, where he is professorof art history.Elenie Kostopoulos Huszagh, AB'57, ofGlenview, IL, was elected recording secre-tary of the National Council of Churches,U.S. A.Adah Maurer, AM'57, of Berkeley, CA,heads an anti-child-abuse organization,"End Violence Against the Next Génération, Inc.," whose purpose is to abolish cor-poral punishment in the schools.Robert E. Sweitzer, PhD '57, retired lastJune as professor in charge of the HigherEducation Program at Pennsylvania StateUniversity, State Collège, PA.Anthony M. Trozzolo, SM'57, PhD'60,the Charles L. Huisking Professor of Chemistry at Notre Dame University, SouthBend, IN, served as a faculty of sciences lec-turer at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven,Belgium.CQ Dorothy Bearcroft Mandelin,CJO SM'58, PhD'64, is a chemistryinstructor at the University of Houston. Sheowns the Needle Art Shop in Houston andis a member of the Clear Lake SymphonyOrchestra.Douglas Maurer, SB'58, is a professorof computer science at George WashingtonUniversity, Washington, D.C. He has written a book on APPLE computer assemblylanguage.Poems by Edward Morin, AM'58, werefeatured on the February 15th édition ofNew Letters on the Air, a radio program airedfrom Kansas City, MO.Stanley I. Mour, AM'58, PhD'69, waselected chair of the faculty senate and amember of the board of trustées of the University of Louisville, KYAlvin Newman, SB'58, practices gas-troenterology and is associate professor ofmedicine at the University of Toronto.Bohumil A. Samal, MD'58, is associateprofessor of medicine and chief of endocrine oncology service at Wayne State University School of Medicine, Détroit, MI.CQ Mildred Spiewak Dresselhaus,\Jy PhD'59, was elected to the board ofdirectors of the American Association forthe Advancement of Science. She is theAbby Rockefeller Mauze professor of elec-trical engineering and physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.Samuel M. Gedwiser, SM'59, PhD'65,of Brookline, MA, is a staff analyst, discrètesimulation modeling, for Honeywell SmallComputer group.Russell A. Graham, MBA'59, of Salem, SC, went on a University sponsored cruise, visiting the countries of the easternMediterranean.S. Allen Jacobs, Jr., AM'59, lives on afarm and runs a guesthouse in Rhydlewis,Wales.Chris D. Kehas, AM'59, professor andcoordinator of the counseling psychologyprograms, was appointed director of thedivision of counseling, reading, languagedevelopment, and spécial éducation in theSchool of Education at Boston University.Oriana J. Parker, AB'59, is créativedirector of Plumridge Advertising in Washington, D.C.Calvin Redekop, PhD'59, is professorof sociology at Conrad Grebel Collège, aff i-liated with the University of Waterloo,Ontario. He edits The Marketplace, a journalof church and économies.Barbara Quinn Schmidt, AB'59, isassociate professor of English at SouthernIllinois University at Edwardsville. She iseditor of Victorian Periodicals Reviezv,an international journal.Norval Stephens, MBA'59, was electedto the board of trustées of DePaul University, Chicago.Nathan Wiser, SM'59, PhD'65, waselected a fellow of the American PhysicalSociety. He is a professor of physics at Bar-Ilan University in Ramat-Gan, Israël.£LC\ Reginald Bartholomew, AM'60, ofUvv Alexandria, VA, is the U.S. ambas-sador to Lebanon.Judy Schram Cottle, AB'60, of Win-netka, IL, works at the University of Chicago Law School.Judy Victor Grabiner, SB'60, professorof history at California State UniversityDominguez Hills, Carson, was a 1984 visiting professor of mathemàtics at PomonaCollège, Pomona, CA. She won twoawards for outstanding expository articlesin the journals of the Mathematical Association of America: the Lester Ford Award for"Who Gave You the Epsilon?" in the American Mathematical Monthly (March, 1983); andthe Cari Allendoerfer award for "TheChanging Concept of Change," MathemàticsMagazine (September, 1983).William B. Hauser, SB'60, is a professorin the department of history at the University of Rochester, NY. He was formerlychairman of the department.Nancy Freed Kovitz, AB'60, of Glen-coe, IL, is manager of the information center at Frankel and Company, a marketingservices agency.Kenneth Léonard, AB'60, MBA'66, isvice-président of real estate developmentfor the Taubman Company in Détroit. Hisson, Steve, is in the M. B.A. program at theUniversity of Chicago Graduate School ofBusiness.George E Stephan, MCL'60, of WestHartford, CT, is vice-chairman of the boardof directors of Kollmorgen Corporation,Stamford, CT.Bruce M. Stewart, SB'60, is a buildinginspector for the county of Riverside,Norco, CA.Sheldon S. Tobin, AM'60, PhD'63, isdirector of the Ringel Institute of Geronto- logy at SUNY-Albany, NY. He wasappointed editor-in-chief of The Gerontolo-gist, a journal of the Gerontological Societyof America.Harry H. Woodward, Jr., AM'60, is theexecutive director of Goodwill Industries inChicago.ÇS\ Marvin Bell, AM'61, is a Writers'\_/JL Workshop professor in Iowa City,IA. In January he read a collection of hispoems on the New Letters On the Air radioprogram, transmitted over the NationalPublic Radio satellite.Kees W. Bolle, PhD'61, is professor ofhistory and chairman of the undergraduatemajor in the study of religion at UCLA. Heis also the editor of Hermeneutics: Studies inthe History of Religions.Richard D. Ditoro, MBA'61, of Bronx-ville, NY, was appointed director of materi-als management of Lonza Inc., a chemicalmanufacturer.Myron Ebersole, AM'61, DB'63, isdirector of the department of pastoral services and an adjunct associate professor inthe department of humanities at the MiltonS. Hershey Médical Center, PennsylvaniaState University, Hershey. He is also theeastern région représentative of the boardof représentatives of the Association forClinical Pastoral Education,Jerry E. Fein, MD'61, practices pulmo-nary medicine in San Diego.Kenneth R. Hughes, PhD'61, is dean ofthe faculty of graduate studies at the University of Manitoba, Canada.Richard J. Magnuson, MBA'61, ofEdina, MN, is vice-président in the capitalmanagement and trust group of NorwestBank, Minneapolis. He was elected to aone-year term as président of the Twin Cities Society of Security Analysts.Myra Posert, AB'61, heads her own inte-rior designer firm, Myra Posert Design Company in Marin County near San Francisco.John B. Poster, AB'61, MAT'63, PhD'71,an assistant professor at Fordham University,NY, is on sabbatical in Texas, to work on thepapers of former Governor John Connally.Earl D. Thorp, AB'61, AM'62, of Monte-rey, CA, was named a Régents Fellow in thehistory of consciousness department forCreative work in visual/verse discoursedynamics at the University of California atSanta Cruz.CS} Margaret F. Goldman, AB'62, is a\JJ-m marriage and family therapist inApple Valley, CA. She also teaches at VictorValley Collège and Chapman Collège andGeorge Air Force Base.John Howett, AM'62, PhD'68. See 1957Catherine Mahoney Howett.Peter Jacobson, AB'62, participated inthe twentieth anniversary célébration of theFree Speech Movement in Berkeley, CA.Michael C. Kotzin, AB'62, is director ofthe Greater Chicago Régional Office of theAnti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith.Cora L. Mayo, AM'62, of Chicago,published a developmental skills learningactivity kit. Her firm, From the Black Expérience, Inc., has published two childhoodUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985storybooks.Frank F. Ober, JD'62, has started hisown law firm of Ober, Moore, Thornburnand Noren, Southport, CT.Michael Oppenheimer, AB'62, waselected président of the Greater ClevelandBoard of Rabbis.Innis G. Abrahamson Sande SM'62,PhD'65, works for Statistics Canada,Ottawa.A. David Silver, AB'62, MBA'63, is amanaging gênerai partner of the Santa Fe,NM, Private Equity Fund, a venture capital fund that launches médical and computer industry start-up companies in theSouthwest.Robert Stagman, MD'62, is chief of theear, nose and throat division at GroupHealth Coopérative in Seattle./IQ Phanindramohan Das, PhD'63, isL/\_/ professor of meteorology at Texas A .and M. University, Collège Station, TX.Jérôme R. Grubaugh, BFA'63, wasnamed a vice-président in the tire divisionof Uniroyal, Inc., Détroit, MI.Robert M. Hauser, AB'63, is a memberof the department of sociology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. In 1984,while a visiting professor of sociology at theUniversity of Bergen, Norway, he waselected a fellow of the National Academy ofSciences and of the American Academy ofArts and Sciences. During the 1984-85 académie year, Hauser held a Guggenheim Fellowship to study the social and économieachievements of siblings.Sidney F. Huttner, AB'63, AM'69, wasappointed head of spécial collections at theUniversity of Tulsa's McFarlin Library. He isa member of several groups on book andpaper conservation.Ernest W. Kent, AB'63, PhD'70, ofGaithersburg, MD, designs robot brains forthe U.S. government.Robert L. Moxham, PhD'63, established R. L. Moxham Associates, a geologi-cal consulting practice in Toronto.Alice Arnott Oppen, MAT'63, teachesAustralian Literature and Language in Sydney, Australia . She and her family run a cat-tle farm in Kangaroo Valley.William L. Richardson, JD'63, is anassociate judge of the Oregon Court ofAppeals, Salem.David R. Segal, AM'63, PhD'67, of Collège Park, MD, is a member of the board oftrustées of the Israeli Institute for MilitaryStudies in Haifa.Bruce Sherwood, SM'63, PhD'67, isassociate director of the Center for Designof Educational Computing at Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. Hiswife, Judith Newlin Sherwood, SM'64, isdirector of educational Computing in theCollège of Science, also at Carnegie-MellonUniversity.Miroslav Synek, PhD'63, of San Antonio, TX, is listed in Who's Who in TechnologyToday.Jane OrrTowns, AB'63, sells residentialreal estate in Charlotte, NC She has threechildren.Mildred Zebrak, AB'63, is a financial consultant with Shearson/AmericanExpress in Chicago.(LA Philip G. Henderson, MBA'64, ofUT! Lake Bluff, IL, was elected vice-chairman of the board of directors ofACME, Inc. , of New York, the association ofmanagement consulting f irms.Gerald Holmquist, SB'64, SM'67, is section chief of developmental biology at Beck-man Research Institute of the City of Hope,Duarte, CA.Devra G. Kleiman, SB'64, wasappointed assistant director for researchand educational activities at the NationalZoological Park, Smithsonian Institution,Washington, D.C.John W. McConnell, SB'64, MAT'66, ofGlenview, IL, is président of the IllinoisCouncil of Teachers of Mathemàtics.Bruce McKellips, AB'64, works for theCanadian government. He lives in Ottowa,is married and has two children.Keith Powls, SM'64, PhD'72, is a char-tered accountant with Thorne Riddell, char-tered accountants in Winnipeg, Manitoba.Deborah Dashow Tarshish Ruth,AM'64, is director of continuing éducationin landscape architecture at the Universityof California, Berkeley. She writes fiction,enjoys traveling in England, and is a docentfor the California State Railroad Muséum inSacramento.Judith Newlin Sherwood, SM'64. See1963, Bruce Sherwood.Mitchell S. Shapiro, JD'64, is a seniorpartner in the law firm of Shapiro, Laufer,Posell and Close, Los Angeles, specializingin antitrust and franchising practice.Edward E Vargo, AM'64, PhD'68, isdean of the Collège of Foreign Languagesand Literatures at Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan./^C Stanley H. Fistedis, MBA'65, ofU\J Park Ridge, IL, heads the engineering mechanics program at ArgonneNational Laboratory. In July, 1984, hereceived the University of Chicago Distinguished Performance Award for excellencein nuclear engineering mechanics.William L. Hendricks, AM'65, PhD'72,is professor of Christian theology and director of graduate studies at the Southern Bap-tist Theological Seminary, Louisville, KYRobert J. Krug, MBA'65, is chairman ofthe health committee and trustée of the Illinois Hospital Association.Sharon Goldman Rubin, AB'65,AM'66, of Columbia, MD, is assistant deanfor undergraduate studies at the Universityof Maryland, Collège Park.Ian K. Williams, AM'65, of Evanston,IL, is a senior Systems analyst. His wife,Rebecca Campbell Williams, AM'67, is afreelance writer. They hâve two children.£\£\ Stephen Clauser, AB'66, is the man-U\_/ ager of records for the U.S. Department of Justice Immigration and Natural-ization Service of the Los Angeles District.Pénélope Dove-Winstock, AM'66, ofWest Drayton, Middlesex, England, is aschool social worker for the Department of Défense Dépendent Schools — AtlanticRégion.Lois Kahn Ember, SM'66, is a senioreditor for Chemical and Engineering News, theAmerican Chemical Society newsweeklyFor her article, "Yellow Rain", she receivedthe $1,000 Science-in-Society Award, spon-sored by the National Association of Science Writers.Portia Gage, AM'66, is workingtowards her Ed.D. at the School of Education at Stanford University. She also teachesat schools in Menlo Park, CA.Wayne Lavender, AB'66, is a clinicalpsychologist and teaches in the psychiatrydepartment of the Albert Einstein Collègeof Medicine of Yeshiva University.Ronald Laymon, AM'66, PhD'75, anassociate professor in the department ofphilosophy of the Ohio State University,Columbus, was awarded a $35,000 NSFscholar's grant in the history and philosophy of science for 1984.Martin J. Ryan, III, AM'66, is dean oflibéral arts at William Rainey Harper Collège, Palatine, IL.£TJ John M. Barr, MBA'67, of Scottsdale,\J J AZ, was promoted to vice-présidentof Vodavi Technology Corp., a companyengaged in design and marketing of elec-tronic téléphone and télécommunicationsequipment.Schuyler Houser, AM'67, is président ofSisseton-Wahpeton Community Collège,Sisseton, SD.Reinhild Kauenhoven Janzen, AM'67,is a research associate at the University ofKansas Muséum of Anthropology and iscurator of the Kauffman Muséum, NorthNewton, KS.Sidney E Kadish, MD'67, was elected afellow of the American Collège of Radiol-ogy, Los Angeles.Anthony F. Starace, SM'67, PhD'71, ischairman of the department of physics andastronomy at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He and his wife, Katherine FritzStarace, AM'68, had a second child, AnneKatherine, born in July, 1984.Rebecca Campbell Williams, AM'67See 1965, Ian K. Williams./2 Q F. Michael Connelly, PhD'68, ofV/O Toronto, is director of the CanadianSecond International Science Study of theInternational Education Association. Healso edits the journal, Curriculum InquiryArthur L. Harshman, AM'68, PhD'77, isassociate professor of art history at California State University-Dominguez Hills,Carson, CA. He has participated in manystudies, workshops, and shows dealingwith various aspects of art, particularlysurrealism.David A. Klotz, AB'68, runs a graduateengineering program at Old Dominion University, Portsmouth, VA. He also does software engineering.Robert R. Lundquist, AM'68, is anadministrator for the Learning AssistanceCenter, Fort Lewis Collège, Durango.CO.William Murphy, MD'68, is in the private practice of cardiovascular and thoracicsurgery in Wichita, KS. He has two sons.Katherine F. Starace, AM'68. See 1967,Anthony F. Starace.fjQk Uzzell S. Branson III, JD'69, is a\J y partner in the Los Angeles law firmof Rogers and Wells, specializing in civil liti-gation matters.Charles M. Cutler, AB'69, of Providence, RI, is médical director of the RhodeIsland Group Health Association. He ismarried and has two sons.Christopher J. Eigel, MBA 69, is a senior vice-président and gênerai sales manager of Koenig and Strey, Inc., a Chicagoreal estatefirm.Paul A. Epstein, AM'69, is a partner inthe law firm of Epstein and Harris, SanFrancisco.Jamie W. German, MAT'69, teacheschemistry at Moses Brown, a Society ofFriends school in Providence, RI.Michael Glick, AB'69, MD'73, is chiefof gastroenterology at the Long Beach VAhospital and is assistant professor of medicine at the University of California, Irvine.J. Huston McCulloch, AM'69, PhD'73,is professor of économies at Ohio State University, Columbus. He also edits the Journalof Money, Crédit and Banking.J. E Roos, AM'69, is an associate professor at the University of Helsinki, Finland.Mark Tanz, AB'69, is a gynecologist inprivate practice in Minneapolis. He is married and has two sons.r7r\ William J. Ballard, MBA'70, is presi-/ \J dent and chairman of the board ofMajor Safe Industries, Inc., Los Angeles.Scott E. Bennett, AB'70, is a faculty member in the department of politicalscience at Carlton University, Ottowa,Canada.Jack Caolo, JD'70, practices law inDallas.Derek J. Connolly, MBA'70, is director of the corporate finance departmentof Brown, Shipley and Company, Ltd.,London.Timothy Lovain, AB'70, of Alexandria,VA, is a consultant with Denny Miller Associates in Washington, D.C.David B. Nichols, AB'70, graduatedfrom veterinary school. He and his wife,Martha Shillens Nichols, AB'71, live inFort Myers, FL.Susan Schulherr, AB'70, is a socialwork psychotherapist and divorce media-tor in private practice in New York City.Jeanne Wikler, AB'70, of Amsterdam, isa producer-director of documentary filmsfor Dutch télévision.rT'1 Brian R. Alm, AM'71, is manager of/ JL product information and press relations for Deere and Company, Moline, IL.He was elected to the board of directors ofthe Construction Writers Association,Washington, D.C.Laurie M. Brandt, AB'71, AM'74, ofWest Roxbury, MA, is a clinical psychologistat the Harvard Community Health Plan,assistant attending psychologist at McLeanHospital, and assistant clinical instructor in psychiatry at the Harvard Médical School.Her first child, Benjamin Brandt Koslof,was born in May, 1984.Philip R. McLoughlin, JD'71, is seniorvice-président and gênerai counsel of Phoe-nix Mutual Life Insurance Company, Hartford, CT.Martha Shillens Nichols, AB'71. See1970, David B. Nichols.Marilyn M. Richmond, AB'71, is incharge of the Systems development andtechnical support section of Suburban Software, Ridgewood, NJ. She is working forher master's degree in computer science atMontclair State Collège.MatthewE. Rodina, Jr., MBA'71, iscon-troller of the Virgin Islands Seaplane Shut-tle, Inc., of St. Croix.rJn) Susan Bolotin, MAT'72, was the/ A- 1984 champion of the women's division of the National Hollerin' Contest, heldin Spivey's Corner, NC.Hugo Boschmann, MAT'72, is professor of biology at Hesston Collège, Hesston,KS. He is married and has three children.Christopher Brown, SM'72, PhD'72, isassociate professor and chairman of thecomputer science department at the University of Rochester, NYJeffrey Quilter, AB'72, of Ripon, WI,continues his Projecto Bajo Valle Del Chillon,which includes an excavation at a 300-year-old architectural complex in Peru.David R. Sillars, AB'72, is a résident inpsychiatry at the Upstate Médical Center inSyracuse, NY.rlr\ Minnie Delores Davis, MBA'73,/ \J joined Arthur D. Little, Inc. in itstechnical resource center office, Washington, D.C, as a senior consultant.A son, Samuel Henry, was born in Feb-ruary, 1984, to Charles Firke, AB'73, andMiriam Kalichman, AB'73. Charles is aneditor for the YMCA. Miriam is a pedia-trician at the Rehabilitation Institute ofChicago.Richard Pelczar, PhD'73, of SantoDomingo, Dominican Republic, is a member of the Inter-American DevelopmentBank as a specialist in éducation, scienceand technology. He is responsible for theadministration and technical supervision ofloans and technical assistance programs forthe development of primary, technical-vocational, higher and adult éducation pro-jects in Chile, Paraguay, Panama, and theDominican Republic.William Sasso, AB'73, completed hisPh.D. in business administration at theUniversity of Michigan and teaches at NewYork University's School of Business.T~JA Patricla Allen, AB'74, of Reading,/ ^t MA, is an advertising productionmanager with Prime Computer.Franklin S. Felber, SM'74, of SanDiego, married Merril Gersten. He man-ages the directed energy division at Jaycor,a high-technology research company in LaJolla, CA.Charles Guttman, PhD'74, of New York, is a partner in the law firm of Guttmanand Rubenstein.Richard Puetter, AB'74, is an assistantresearch physicist at the Center for Astro-physics and Space Sciences at the University of California, San Diego."TC Eugène Cruz-Uribe, AB'75, AM'77,/ CJ PhD'83, is assistant professor ofEgyptology at Brown University, Providence, RI. He and his wife, KathrynAllwarden Cruz-Uribe, AM'80, hâve adaughter.Quentin Gillard, PhD'75, is a managerin the policy development group of the U. S.Synthetic Fuels Corp., Washington, D.C.He has two children and became a U.S. citizen in December.Kevin Kelly, AM'75, is chief psychiatrierésident at the New York Hospital and acandidate at the Columbia University Psy-choanalytic Center.Keith C. Koch, MBA'75, is vice-président and plant manager of the Mt.Pleasant, IA, plant of Metromail. He servedas a panel member on a business session onmail transportation methods and improve-ments at the National Postal Forum XVIII inWashington, D.C.R. Michael Newton, MBA'75, of OakPark, IL, is vice-président and senior bank-ing officer of the government, unions, andservices division of the First National Bankof Chicago.Rodney Rothstein, PhD'75, is an assistant professor in the department of humangenetics and development at ColumbiaUniversity Collège of Physicians andSurgeons, NY. He is studying the mecha-nisms of recombination and genomicrearrangements.Arne Selbyg, PhD'75, is chair of thedepartment of sociology at the Univeristy ofNorth Dakota, Grand Forks. He was electedprésident of the statewide Council of Collège Faculties and secretary of the MidwestSociological Society.'"7^ Joseph F. Delaney, MBA 76, is a mar-/ \J keting executive for the communications sector of the Harris Corporation, Melbourne, FL.Frank L. Ellsworth, PhD'76, of Clare-mont, CA, is on the editorial board of California Lawyer.Stephen Miller, PhD'76, was promotedto associate professor of Spanish at Texas A.and M. University, Collège Station.Harry E Poulos, AB'76, MD'80, is inmédical practice and involved with a healthfitness center at Henrotin Hospital. Hiswife, Catherine Creticos Poulos, AB'77MD'81, is working on a fellowship in infec-tious diseases at Loyola University MédicalCenter and at Hines Vétérans Médical Center. They live in Skokie, IL, and hâve twochildren.Joseph Schuldenrein, AM'76, PhD'83,is principal investigator and project manager for major cultural resource and arche-ology projects conducted by Common-wealth Associates, Jackson, MI.Anne L. Taylor, MD'76, is assistant professor of internai medicine-cardiology at41 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985Southwestern Médical School, Universityof Texas at Dallas.77 Robert A. Gottlieb, SM'77, is the/ / director of public information forCentre Collège, Danville, KYLawrence W. Hecht, PhD'77, wasappointed executive director of graduatemanagement programs at the EducationalTesting Service in Princeton, NJ.Max Krause, AB'77, of Vancouver, BC,is a software engineer with McDonald Det-twiler Ltd., working with applications ofdigital image processing and artif icial intelligence in meteorological Systems.In July Marque Wolfson Miringoff,PhD'77, will become associate professor ofsociology at Vassar Collège, Poughkeepsie,NY. Her article, "Mary Kehew: SocialReformer", appears in the 1985 édition ofthe Encyclopedia of Social Welfare.Edward S. Podczaski, MD'77 is assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecologyat the Milton S. Hershey Médical Center ofthe Pennsylvania State University Collègeof Medicine, Hershey.Catherine Creticos Poulos, AB'77. See1976, HarryP Poulos.Robert Shapiro, AM'77, AM'78,PhD'82, is an assistant professor of politicalscience at Columbia University, New York.He is also a research associate at theNational Opinion Research Center of theUniversity of Chicago.Emilia DuCouer Smith, AB'77, AM'78,and V. James Smith, AM'79, of Los Angeles,had their first child, Jessica Monique, inJuly, 1984. James is employed by a law firmin Santa Monica, CA. Emilia is the daughterof Joseph DuCoeur, AB'54, JD'57, and thegranddaughter of Dale A. Nelson, JD'24.^O Howard Baer, MBA'78, of Chester,/ O NJ, is vice-président of gênerai drugdevelopment for the pharmaceuticals division of CIBA-GEIGY Corp.Talia Zahavi Ben-Gai, AM'78, heads aproject on the Jewish-Arab relations in Israël at the Van-Leer Foundation, Jérusalem.A son, Samuel Edward, was born toDavid R. Brown, JD'78, and ElizabethSmith Brown, JD'79. David practices lawwith the firm of Cooper and Cooper, Ltd.,in Chicago. Elizabeth is assistant gêneraicounsel of the Moody Bible Institute,Chicago.Catherine E. Clark, AB'78, is a mort-gage banking consultant with ComputerPower Inc., Jacksonville, FL.Martin E. Kordesch, AB'78, receivedhis Ph.D. in surface physics in 1984 fromCase Western Reserve University, Cleve-land. He is doing post-doctoral research atthe Fritz Haber Institute in Berlin, WestGermany. In December, his wife, ElizabethGierlowski Kordesch, AB'78, received herPh.D. in geological science from Case Western Reserve University.A son, Michael Spencer, was born toKatherine Pakieser-Reed, AM'78, and William S. Reed, MBA'82, of Fox Lake, IL.Meredith Stead, AB'78, of New York,créâtes costuming, soundtracks and chore-ography for her own dance company, Live Weight. She is also a freelance word processing operator for various law f irms."VQ Elizabeth Smith Brown, JD'79. See/ y 1978, David R. Brown.Kathleen M. Capels, AM'79, of Austin,TX, is associate director of the grant program for the Texas Committee for theHumanities, a non-profit educationalorganization affiliated with the NationalEndowment for the Humanities.In October, a son, Christopher, wasborn to David W. McKay, MBA'79, and hiswife. They live in Huntington Beach, CA.V. James Smith, AM'79. See 1977, EmiliaDuCouer Smith.Elizabeth Wei, AB'79, is a softwaredevelopment engineer for Hewlett-Packard, Cupertino, CA.OH Gary R. Bartlett, MBA'80, of Naper-OW ville, IL, is assistant vice-présidentof planning at Natural Gas Pipeline Company of America.Kathryn Allwarden Cruz-Uribe,AM'80.See 1975, Eugène Cruz-Uribe.Alexander Dike, AB'80, and SiobhanFlynn, AB'81, were married in August,1984. Alec is a pension attorney for theAmerica Group, and Siobhan is a programmer analyst at the Fédéral Reserve Bank.They live in Worcester, MA.Joseph W. Farber, AB'80, marriedMargaret Frink in August, 1984. Hereceived his J.D. from the University ofOklahoma and is in law practice in Newcas-tle, OK.Robin F. Karlin, AB'80, and her husband, Steven M. Albert, AB'81, AM'83,hâve moved to Philadelphia. Robin is in thePh.D. program in computer science at theUniversity of Pennsylvania, and Steven isin the Ph.D. program in anthropology at theUniversity of Chicago. Steven is also an editor at W. B. Saunders, a médical publishingfirm.Melinda Arant Stengel, AM'80, is co-coordinator of the child program in theMental Health Services for Deaf Adultsand Children, Michael Reese Hospital,Chicago. Her second child was born inMay, 1984.Q"l Steven M. Albert, AB'81, AM'83.O JL See 1980, Robin F. Karlin.Leland H. Chait, AB'81, is an accountexecutive with Janet Diederichs and Associates, a public relations firm in Chicago.Steven Dane, MBA'81, is a principal inthe CPA firm of Thomas H. Themistos andCompany, PC, of Springfield, MA.Patricia Dwyer-Hallquist, PhD'81, ofButte Des Morts, WI, is a senior researchchemist in basic research at AppletonPapers, Inc., Appleton, WI.Siobhan Flynn, AB'81. See 1980, Alexander Dike.Mary Foster-Havercamp, PhD'81, isdirector of spécial projects at Ferris StateCollège in Big Rapids, MI. She designs con-tinuing éducation programs for faculty,staff, and administration in reading meth-ods and vocational éducation.Henrik K. Kulmala, PhD'81, is assist ant professor of pharmacology at North-eastern Ohio University's Collège of Medicine, Rootstown, OH. He is involved inteaching and research on neurologicaldisorders.Stephen May, AB'81, teaches reading inthe Los Angeles city schools and is workingon his A. M. in applied linguistics at theUniversity of Southern California.William L. Sachs, PhD'81, of Rich-mond, VA, produces religious documenta-ries for local télévision and is writing a bookon spiritual renewal movements.OO Terry Abad, MBA'82, is supervisor\D £m of marketing analysis of theNational Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh.Reginald Chua, AB'82, is a lieutenantin the Singapore Armed Forces.Michael S. Hjellming, AB'82, and Lisa-Noelle Le Gare, AB'83, were married inJuly, 1984. Both are in Ph . D. programs at theUniversity of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign,she in theoretical and applied mechanicsand he in astronomy.Seth Levy, AM'82, is a financial analystat CBS Broadcast International, New York.Ann Reinke, JD'82. See 1983, DavidLucey.William S. Reed, MBA'82. See 1978,Katherine Pakieser-Reed.Sandra S. Snook, AB'82, of Ames, IA,is at the Iowa State University Collège ofVeterinary Medicine, specializing in primate medicine.OO Richard L. Edmonds, PhD'83, wasKJ\-} appointed lecturer at the School ofOriental and African Studies, University ofLondon Geography Department, England.Danielle Foullon, AB'83, is studyingFrench in France and will be travelingthroughout Europe after completing herstudies.William C. Golz, Jr., MBA'83, ofArlington Heights, IL, was promoted tovice-président and régional manager ofbusiness development of the AmericanAppraisal Associates.Lisa-Noelle Le Gare, AB'83. See 1982,Michael S. Hjellming.David Lucey, JD'83, works with theFoley and Lardner law firm, Milwaukee. Heand Ann Reinke, JD'82, were married inSeptember.Richard Moss, AM'83, of New York,works for Chilewich Corp., an export trading firm specializing in agricultural com-modities.James van Pernis, AM'83, of Riverside,CA, is an assistant production manager forThe Wall Street Journal.QA Donna Cole Peterman, MBA'84, ofO JL New York, is vice-président anddirector of corporate communicationsof the Dean Witter Financial ServicesGroup, a subsidiary of Sears, Roebuck andCompany.Robert J. Terry, MBA'84, of Naperville,IL, was promoted to assistant vice-président of customer relations at Spiegel,Inc., Oak Brook. SDEATHSGlennRickard, AB'40, AM'48, December.John B. Ryan, MD'40, January.Robert Brownell, SB'41, SM'43, PhD'47,February.Ruth Kassiday Golber, SB'41, January.HaroldR. Heywood, AM'41, December.Ella E Levett, PhD'41, February.Sally M. Loomis, X'41.Donald E. McCown, PhD'41, January.James M. Read, PhD'41, February.Conrad C. Reining, X'41, October.Charles V. Laughlin, JSD'42, January.George W. Beach, PhD'43.Jean E. Smith, X'44, January.Philip Oxman, PhB'45, AM'52.Goldelie Meyer Schneider, PhB'45, AM'49January.Barbara Bloomquist Tuchman, AB'45,SB'47, February.Helen Wieselberg, AB'45, January.Ann M. Budy, SB'46, PhD'54, October.Helen Johnson Pratt, AM'46, January.A. Conn Ashby, AM'47.Mary C. Dodd, PhD'48, December.Peter Van Doren, AB'48, AM'51, October.Peter T. DeGroot, AB'49, February.1950-1959Frank Baldanza, AM'50, January.Joseph B. Jérôme, PhD'50, February.Jeanne Hurwitz Hershenson, AB'51, May1984.Thomas F. Necheles, AB'52, SM'58, MD'61PhD'61, September.George C. Flanagan, MD'53, January.Robert Peters, MD'54, February.Erwin A. Tomaschoff, MBA'58, JD'61,February.William H. Ennis, MBA'59, February.1960-1969Morton B. Millenson, MBA 62, January.Barbara Myerhoff, AM'63, January.Steven Becker, AB'64, January.1970-1979Frederick E. Mueller, MBA'70, February.FACULTYEdward M. "Ted" Haydon, PhB'33,AM'54, professor emeritus of physical éducation and athletics, the University headtrack coach since 1950 and founder of theinternationally famous University of Chicago Track Club, died May 3. He wasseventy-three. After graduation, Haydonbecame a social worker in the famousChicago Area Projects and worked out ofstorefronts from 1935 to 1950. He workedwith prominent sociologists Saul Alinsky,Clifford R. Shaw, and Joseph Lohman. In1947 Haydon became a volunteer coach andreplaced Ned Merriam as head coach at theUniversity in 1950. In 1954 Haydon openedthe University of Chicago Track Club to athlètes from outside the University. Hebelieved in encouraging ail persons to participate in sports, and recorded times for thefastest and slowest runners alike. Haydonretired from teaching in 1982 to become afull-time coach of the University's cross-country, indoor track and outdoor trackteams.Richard McKeon, former dean of theDivision of the Humanities from 1935 to1947 and the Charles F. Grey DistinguishedService Professor Emeritus in Philosophyand Classical Languages and Literatures,died March 31. He was eighty-four. He wasprésident of the American PhilosophicalSociety, the International Institute of Philosophy, and the Metaphysical Society ofAmerica. He was also fellow of severalAmerican académie associations and wasan educational advisor to the governmentsof India, France, Norway, and Puerto Rico.Joseph Stampf, AB'41, the University'shead basketball coach from 1957 to 1976,died April 20. He was sixty-five. In 1982Stampf was honored for his thirty-fiveyears at the University as both an athlèteand a coach with the dedication of theJoseph V. Stampf Varsity Basketball Courtin Crown Field House . Stampf 's teams com-piled a 205-116 record before illness forcedhis early retirement in 1976. SportswriterBill Gleason of the Chicago Sun-Times oncecalled Stampf "the greatest collège basketball coach of my expérience."THE CLASSES1910-1919Nena Wilson Badenoch, PhB'll, January.Helena Burgess Page, AB'14, December.Denton Sparks, PhB'16, February.Ruth Sheeley Patterson, PhB'17November.J. Marshall Peer, SB'17, July 1984.W. Hamilton Walter, SB'17 January.1920-1929John H. Hooval, SB'20, MD'22, November. Helen McClure, SB'20, AM'23, January.James Mason, PhB'20, February.HazelE. Koch, AM'21, November.Roy R. Barr, PhB'23, December.Joseph R Harris, PhD'23, February.Olga B. Solfronk, PhB'23, January.Dorothy Greenleaf Boynton, PhB24,February.Constance E. Hartt, SM'24, PhD'28,December.Myrtle Rosie Caulkins, SB'24, September.Lois D. Greene, MD'25, November.Meyer J. Myer, PhB'25, JD'27, February.Charles Anderson, PhB'26, January.William H. Gray, AM'26, PhD'29, January.Phyllis B. Kreis, PhB'27, December.Dorothy Jones MacLane, AM'27 February.Judith Thornhill Sheridan, AM'27, OctoberWilliam A. F. Stephenson, PhB'27,February.Thomas P Carpenter, AM'28, February.Harold M. Gilden, JD'28, February.Lewis D. Kruger, AM'28, February.Olin L. McReynolds, AM'28, November.Paul H. Nesbitt, AM'28, PhD'38, January.Eisa Stutz, PhB'28, April 1984.Willis C. Webb, JD'28, January.M. Marjorie Williamson Bruner, AB'29,PhD'33, January.Barbara Knapp Campbell, SB'29, SM'31,March.Hans R. Christensen, SM'29, May 1984.Ida Rubenstein Maisel, X'29, May 1984.1930-1939Sara Fowler Chatters, PhB'30, January.Mary McRae Colby, SM'30, PhD'58,January.Salvatore Dina, SB'30, MD'34, January.Helen Dodd Burrows, PhB'31, November.Frank P Cullinan, PhD'31, February.Julia Igert Dyer, SB'31, February.Randolph A. Haynes, PhD'31, February.Edith Bond Yellig, PhB'31, August.Ira H. Latimer, X'33, February.Edward L. McCloud, PhB'33, February.Léonard DePonceau, MD'34, January.Norma Larson Gordon, PhB'34, FebruaryWilliam O. Suiter, X'34, December.Blanche Bradway Breit, PhB'35, December.Marvin Laser, PhB'35, AM'37 February.Richard Schlesinger, PhB'35, February.Earl W. Seaborg, X'35, October.Jay S. Seeley, AM'35, January.Robert H. Bierma, JD'36, October.Julia Southard Lee, PhD'36, March.Clive R. Johnson, MD'37, April 1984.Ruthven S. Chalmers, X'38, October.Mathew W. Kobak, SB'38, MD'41, January.Janet Reed Lindstrom, AM'38, July 1984.Arthur W. James, AM'39, FebruaryBetty Jane Watson Pfender-March, AB'39,January.Paul V. Murray, X'39, November.1940-1949Robert C. Jones, X'40, December. Ansivers:1. Seneca, "On Benef it", bk. II, 22, 12. The Bible: I Corinthians— Galatians 9:73. Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act I4. Finley Peter Dunne, "Thanksgiving,"Mr. Dooley's Opinions 1901.5. Samuel Johnson, From BOSWELL,Journal of a Tour to the Hébrides,September 20, 1773.6. Mark Twain, Autobiography (1924), v. 1,éd. A.B. Paine.7. La Rochefoucauld8. Shakespeare, Coriolanus, Act II4d UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAG AZINE/SUMMER 1985BOOKS by AlumniVirginia Mendenhall Gray, AM'32, LoveIs Not Enough: Recollections ofa Capitol Hill Lob-byist for UNICEF (Klingle Press). VirginiaGray was one of Washington's most effectivelobbyists for the international organization,UNICEF. Her accounts of practical lobbyingefforts, spanning more than two décades, arestill relevant and of fer advice and guidancefor future lobbying.Edgar T. Thompson, PhD'32, The Plantation: A Bibliography (The Free Press). EdgarThompson is a professor of sociology atDuke University. He has authored severalbooks on racism and the South.Charles D. Kelso, AB'46, JD'50, and hisson, R. Randall Kelso, AB'76, Studying Law:An Introduction (West Publishing Co.). Thiscasebook is for use in first semester lawschool légal method courses.John R. Reitz, SM'47 PhD'49, RobertW. Christy, SM'50, PhD'53, and Frederick J.Milford, Foundations of Electromagnetic Theory(Addison-Wesley). This book, which hasbeen re-issued and translated into severallanguages, is a junior/senior level textbookfor students in physics and engineering.Reitz is manager of the physics departmentat Ford Motor Company, and Christy is aprofessor of physics at Dartmouth Collège.Ronald Goldman, AM'48, with JulietteGoldman, Children's Sexual Thinking: A Comparative Study of Children aged 5 to 15 years inAustralia, North America, Britain and Sweden(Routledge and Kegan Paul).Donald E. Osterbrock, PhB'48, SB'48,SM'49, PhD'52, James E. Keeler, Pioneer American Astrophysicist: And the Early Developmentof American Astrophysics (Cambridge University Press). Osterbrock, an astropysicist atthe University of Southern California,recounts the life and career of James E.Keeler, a great research astronomer of the1890's.Carolyn R. Swift, PhB'48, co-editedwith Carol T. Neeley and Gayle Green, TheWoman's Part: Feminist Criticism of Shakespeare(University of Illinois Press).Clare Solberg Gault, AM'49, and FrankGault, The Miracle Halfback (Scholastic BookServices). This children's book is about aboy who, with the help of his fairy godfa-ther, f inds a way to become a football star.Marvin J. Taylor, AM'49, Changing Pat-terns of Religious Education (Abington Press).Taylor retired in December as associatedirector of the Association of TheologicalSchools, which is the accrediting agency forail schools of theology in the U.S. andCanada.Ernest Hartmann, AB'52, The Nightmare(Basic Books). Ernest Hartmann is professor of psychiatry at Tuf ts University Schoolof Medicine and is director of a sleepresearch laboratory and sleep disorderscenter in Boston. He is the author of sixbooks and over 200 scientif ic articles, mostrelating to sleep.Althea J. Greenwald Horner, SB'52, editor and co-author, Treating the OedipalPatient in Brief Psychotherapy (Jason Aron-son). Althea Horner is in private practice asa clinical psychologist and is a clinical professor in the department of psychology atU.C.L.A.Robert B. Marcus, SB'56, SM'58, withT. T. Sheng, Transmission Electron Microscopy ofSilicon VLSI Circuits and Structures (John Wileyand Sons). This book is primarily an atlaswith a running text of transmission électronmicrographs of cross-sections through MOSsemiconductor chips. Marcus is a researchmanager at Bell Communications Research,Inc., Murray Hill, NJ.E. Thomas Lawson, DB'58, AM'61,PhD'63, Religions ofAfrica: Traditions in Transformation (Harper and Row). The book dealsmainly with the religious Systems of theZulu of South Africa and with the Yoruba ofNigeria and shows how the traditional Systems hâve creatively responded to newsituations.Susan M. Fisher, SB'59, with Roberta J.Apfel, To Do No Harm: DES and the Dilemmasof Modem Medicine (Yale University Press). ToDo No Harm is a multi-disciplinary study ofdi-ethylstilbestrol, a synthetic estrogenwhose widespread usage has created aniatrogenic disaster that has affected severalmillion women and their offspring. Thisnon-technical study attempts to cover ailaspects of DES from its molecular structureto its effects on the relationship of doctorsto their patients in the modem world.David W. Levy, AM'61, Herbert Croly ofTHE NEW REPUBLIC (Princeton UniversityPress). Herbert Croly was one of the majorAmerican social thinkers of the twentiethcentury. The author explains the originsand impact of Croly's analysis of Americanlife and recounts Croly's career whichincluded his founding of The New Republicmagazine and his work, The Promise of American Life. David W. Levy is professor of history at the University of Oklahoma,Norman.David Novak, AB'61, Halakhah in a Theological Dimension (Brown University). Thisbook is volume sixty-eight in Brown University's Judaic Studies Séries.Matthew H. Nitecki, SM'62, PhD'68,editor, Extinctions (University of ChicagoPress). Thèse essays by various authors arecollected from the 1983 Field MuséumSpring Systematics Symposium. Eachessay inquires into the causes, effects, andprocesses of both mass extinctions andthose on a smaller scale. Nitecki is curatorof fossil invertebrates in the department ofgeology at the Field Muséum of NaturalHistory in Chicago and is a member of theCommittee on Evolutionary Biology at theUniversity of Chicago.Arden Bucholz, AM'65, PhD'72, HansDelbrùck and the German Military Establishment (University of Iowa Press). Bucholzdraws on the Delbrùck papers in the Deutsche Staatsbibliothek in East Berlin toprovide a complète understanding ofDelbrùck's influence on the science of military history and on the development of Ger-many's military character. Bucholz teachesat the State University of New York Collège at BrockportJanet Evans Worthington, AB'65, withAlbert B. Somers, Candies and Mirrors:Response Guides for Teaching Novels and Plays inGrades Six through Twelve (Libraries Unlim-ited). The authors demonstrate that literature, when taught creatively and thought-fully, can seem more relevant and excitingto students than other popular forms ofentertainment such as télévision.Nancy Bunge, AM'66, Finding the Words:Intervieivs with Writers Who Teach (SwallowPress/Ohio University Press). Combininginterviews with sixteen successful writerswho teach, Bunge offers a variety of opinions and perspectives on the process ofwriting and on the writer's materials,responsibilities, and methods.John C. Jacobs, AM'66, PhD'75, translater and editor, The Fables of Odo of Cheriton(Syracuse University Press). This collectionof médiéval Latin fables written by Odo ofCheriton (circa 1185—1247) is sophisticated,humorous, highly moral and often didactic.Jacobs includes a large introduction whichdiscusses Odo of Cheriton's life and histhirteenth-century culture.James D. Steakley, AB'68, and Jost Her-mand, co-editors, Writings of German Com-posers (Continuum). From Heinrich Schùtzto Hans Werner Henze, this anthology provides a sélection of more than 100 autobio-graphical and critical texts in English translation. Steakley is an assistant professor ofGerman at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.David H. Bensman, AB'70, The PracticeofSolidarity: American Hat Finishers in the Nine-teenth Century (University of Illinois Press).Bensman has drawn extensively on therecord of the hatters' union and otherrelated sources to demonstrate that the hatfinishers' collective action during the latenineteenth century concerned the préservation of the art as well as économie better-ment. He analyzes fully the connectionbetween informai social organization andthe development and later transformationof the hatters' union. Bensman is an associate professor at the Graduate School of Education at Rutgers University, New Jersey.Schulyer K. Henderson, MBA'71, JD'71with John A. M. Price, Currency and InterestRate Swaps (Butterworth Law PublishersLtd.). The book considers, in a practical ratherthan a theoretical sensé, the fundamentalprinciples prior to analysing newly devel-oped products while giving the reader asophisticated understanding of swap f inanc-ing techniques and their applications.Richard B. Sher, AM'71, PhD'79,Church and University in the Scottish Enlighten-47Will you help us replenishRobie House 's cupboards?The Office of University Alumni Af fairs and theAlumni Association hâve happily occupied the FrankLloyd Wright Robie House for almost four years.With an abundance of public space and a large andfunctional kitchen, we are entertaining more andmore alumni and students. To continue to do so, weare trying to acquire china, f latwear, serving pièces,and other accoutrements for use at meetings andsocial gatherings. We are especially interested in theUniversity of Chicago Commemorative Spode andWedgwood dinner plates. If you hâve anythingsuitable you are willing to donate, please contactRuth Halloran at Robie House, 5757 WoodlawnAvenue, Chicago 60637. Téléphone: (312) 753-2178.Your gif t will be tax déductible. ment (Princeton University Press). Using awide variety of sources and the interdisci-plinary methodology of the social history ofideas, this collective biography portrays theScottish "Moterate literati," whichincludes Alexander Carlyle, John Home,Adam Ferguson and William Robertson, aszealous activists for the causes in whichthey believed.Alane Rollings, AB'72, AM'75, Transparent Landscapes (Raccoon Books). Thiscollection of poetry was selected for thePushcart Foundation's Writer's Choice Promotion Project.Robert V Binder, AB'74, MBA'79, Application Debugging (Prentice-Hall). The bookdeals with some pragmatic techniques forsoftware debugging on IBM mainframecomputers. The book was chosen by theMcGraw-Hill Library of Computer andInformation Sciences Book Club as a majorsélection. Binder specializes in System the-ory and artif icial intelligence at the department of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of Illinois.Richard Ranney Mize, AM'74, PhD'75,The Microcomputer in Cell and NeurobiologyResearch (Elsevier Science Publishing Co.,Inc.). This book présents spécifie, detailedmicrocomputer research applications andgives relatively simple directions for usingmicrocomputers in light and électronmicroscopy, morphometry, sériai sectionreconstruction, imaging, densitometry,and electrophysiology.Frederick J. Antczak, AM'76, PhD'79,Thought and Character: The Rhetoric of Démocratie Education (lowa State Press). Thisstudy of the rôle of éducation in nineteenth-century America explores, in the context ofthe lyceum and Chautauqua circuits, threeconnected issues: how modem Americansought to think about démocratie éducation;what does it mean and what can it mean tobe American; and what can rhetoric contribute to efforts at resolving thèse questions. Antczak is an assistant professor ofrhetoric and communication studies at theUniversity of Virginia.Eric Schiller, AB'76, AM'84, with LevAlburt, Alekhine's Defence (B.T. Batsford).This book explains the stratégie defencethat U.S. Chess Champion, Lev Alburt,plays in every contest where his opponentopens with the king's pawn. Other books bySchiller include Learn From Your Mistakes(B.T. Batsford), which is also about chess,and with A. Zide, P Magier, co-editors, Pro-ceedings of Conférence on Participant Rôles(Indiana University Linguistics). Schiller isa national master in the U.S. Chess Fédération and an international arbiter in the Fédération Internationale d'Echecs. He is in thedoctorate program in linguistics at the University of Chicago.Lillian Doherty Luksenburg, AM'77,PhD'82, translator, A Short History of GreekLiterature (University of Chicago Press).Kenneth J. Cole, MBA'83, The Head-hunter Strategy (John Wiley and Sons). Coleoffers a unique approach to executive/professional job campaigning and careermanagement. SUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/SUMMER 1985The University of Chicago970 East 58th StreetChicago, Illinois 60637(312) 962-8729 RookstoreJ^Jgift departmentK» . pi 1- 'v: WspMM^IttHC ..WiJ Hhi 3dte? ¦> fe^liM -¦¦ mprks '^k *^r*, :y . * ¦' ¦¦¦\ A>t<**$sjà iM (cM * ià¦fm \jêêè**[ 22: » £? •¦ma*2ÊBBkW"\ f. c.l ,' Childrens' T-Shirt100% CottonSize S(6-8), M(10-12), L(14-16)Maroon $6.50Adult's T-Shirt50% Cotton, 50% PolyesterSize S, M, L, XLWhite w/Maroon $7.80 Childrens' Shorts50% Cotton, 50% PolyesterSize S(6-8), M(10-12), L(14-16)Gray $8.50Adult's Shorts100% CottonSize S, M, L, XLMaroon $7.80Hooded Sweatshirt Baseball Cap50% Cotton, 50% Creslan AcrylicChildrens': $17.60Size S(6-8), M(10-12), L(14-16)Maroon OnlyAdults: $19.20Size S, M, L, XLMaroon, GraySweatpants50% Cotton, 50% Creslan AcrylicChildrens': $12.60Size S(6-8), M(10-12), L(14-16)Maroon OnlyAdults: $14.00Size S, M, L, XLMaroon, Gray One-size adjustableMaroon w/white$7.80Ladies' Sleepshirt50% Cotton, 50% PolyesterSize S, M, L, XLBlue w/maroon,Yellow w/maroon$12.40Pewter Letter Opener$6.10Please specify adult or childrenORDER FORMThe University of Chicago BookstoreGift Department970 E. 58th Street, Chicago, 111. 60637(312)962-8729 ITEMShip to: .Street State COLOR QTY. SIZE PRICE EACH TOTAL PRICEZip .MasterCard DCrédit Card No.'.Issuing Bank NoExpiration Date.Signature: S Visa D "»¦ SHIPPING & HANDLINGUp to $10.00 add $3.00$10.01- $20.00 add $4.50Over $20.00 add $5.50Items mailed in U.S. and Canada only.Priées are subject to change without notice.Phone orders accepted on MasterCard orVisa only. No COD's Sub-TotalIllinois RésidentsAdd 8% sales caxAdd Shipping andHandlingGrand Total"I thank you foryour voices,thank ydu,\burmost sweét voices? ¦*Once again we are grateful to our read-ers for their geperosity. In response to ourannual fund-raising appeal to help defraycosts of printing and mailing The Universi-lty"of Chicago Magazine, some 5,765 mem-bers of our audience responded; they sentin a total of $66,070.Your voluntary contributions to themagazine are responsible for the colorwith which we hâve been able to dress upthe last several issues. We were especiallydelighted to be able to show you howlovely the campus looked for alumni re-turning for Reunion, and how impressivethe new science quadrangle, and the newJohn Crerar Library look, infull color.A donor asked that we give compari-son figures between last year and thisyear— he wanted to see how well our lat-est fund-raising missive did. Very well,indeed. Last year, 4,332 alumni made donations to the Magazine, for a total of$55,600.We are especially grateful to the 260among you who sent us expressions ofdelight at the fund-raising letter. In response, hère once again is a challenge foryour wits. Without first peeking for the answers on Page 46, can you cite who wasresponsible for the following famous expressions of gratitude?1. "He who receives a benef it with gratitude repays the first installment on hisdebt."2. "Godlovethacheerfulgiver."3. "For this relief, much thanks; 'tis bit-ter cold, And I am sick at heart."4. "Be thankful f'r what you hâve not,Hinnissy— 'tis th' on'y safe rule."5. "Gratitude is a fruit of great cultiva-tion; you do not find it among grosspeople."6. "Gratitude is a debt which usuallygoes on accumulating like blackmail;the more you pay, the more is exacted."7. "The gratitude of most men is merely asecret désire to receive greaterbenefits."—Felicia Antonelli HoltonEditor'You'll jwid the source for this quotatio'n listed asnumbe^çight on our answer page. ^ -° o Zn=e >a o ^m os en ciC2mOcmmHma o X&st >3 OO>>N2mnonp CD (t) WlÛBr-'H H'O P Cfi (^, WSOKPr+<l> r+flJH O1^^«JM o c*CT-.f+OuH.'OETWa- onWWDtrOitc o n-(D»vOPr+ i OanOaiunCD