The University of Chicagomagazine October 1967 \cl •/..THEUNIVERSITYOF CHICAGOLIBRAR.YThe 1967AlumniAwardsPrésident George W. Beadle addressingalumni and guests at the Awards Assembly.Twenty-eight alumni— ten of whom hadbeen graduated only a few hours earlier— were honored at this year's Awards Assembly following the Reunion luncheon inHutchinson Commons. Two Alumni Med-als, eleven Citations for Public Service,five Professional Achievement Awards,and ten Howell Murray Awards were givenin a ceremony preceded by a welcomingaddress by Président George W. Beadle.The Alumni Medal, the Association'shighest honor, is given for "extraordinarydistinction in one's field of specializationand service to society." The Citations rec-ognize "unselfish service to the community,the nation, and humanity" and "leadershipin those civic, social, and religious activités that are essential in our démocratiesociety." The Professional AchievementAwards, given for distinction in fieldswhere voluntary service is not often appro-priate, recognize outstanding professionalachievement which "confers positive bene-fits upon society and reflects the standardsand ideals of the University." The HowellMurray Awards, established in memory ofthe distinguished alumnus and trustée,each year honor ten graduating seniors fortheir contributions to the extra-curriculumof the University. THE ALUMNI MEDALE. Wilson Lyon, PhD'32, Président ofPomona Collège, educator, author, his-torian, and leader in the establishment ofthe six-member affiliation program of theClaremont Community of Collèges.Ralph W. Gérard, SB' 19, PhD'21, MD'24 (Rush), Dean of the Graduate Divisionof the University of California at Irvine,author, internationally acclaimed physi-ologist, innovator and leader in graduateéducation, and pioneer in studies of thechemical and electrical activity of thebrain.THE CITATIONS FOR PUBLIC SERVICEHerman S. Bloch, SB'33, PhD'36, Asso-ciate Director of Research for UniversalOil Products Company, chairman of theSkokie (111.) Human Relations Commission, and community leader in civil rights.Hon. Jacob M. Braude, JD'20, ChiefJustice of the Circuit Court of Illinois,founder and first président of the ChicagoAcademy of Criminology, author, andleader in many agencies for the solutionof the problems of youth.Peter Bruce Clark, PhD'59, présidentand publisher of the Détroit News, formerteacher, author of articles on governmentand political science, and leader in theestablishment of a science fellowship program in Michigan.Louis G. Cowan, PhB'31, Director ofSpécial Programs at the Columbia University Graduate School of Jourrialism,former président of the Columbia Broad-casting System, former director of Voiceof America, who has had a lifelong con-cern for the constructive educational dimensions of the communications média.Nancy Goodman Feldman, JD'47, Ad-junct Professor of Sociology at OklahomaState University and a wide-ranging andtireless civic leader in Tulsa.Natalie Goldstein Heineman, PhB'33,président of the board of trustées of theChicago Child Care Society and outstand-(continued on inside back cover)The University of ChicagomagazineVolume LX Number 1October 1967Published since 1907 byTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOALUMNI ASSOCIATION5733 University AvenueChicago, Illinois 60637(312) 643-0800, ext. 4291Fay Horton Sawyier, '44, PhD'64PrésidentC. Ranlet LincolnDirector of Alumni AffairsConrad KulawasEditorREGIONAL OFFICES39 West 55 StreetNew York, New York 10019(212) 765-54803600 Wilshire Blvd,, Suite 1510Los Angeles, California 90005(213) 387-2321485 Pacific AvenueSan Francisco, California 94133(415) 433-4050Subscriptions: one year, $5.00;three years, $13.00; fiveyears, $20.00; life, $100.00.Second-class postagepaid at Chicago, Illinois. Ailrights reseryed. Copyright 1967 byThe University of Chicago Magazine. 121820 ARTICLESEdward H. Levi, President-DesignateProvost Levi to succeed Président Beadle in 1968Those Were the DaysA memoir of the twenties, by Robert PollakThe 1967 ReunionPictorial glimpses of people and placesGood Managers Don't Make Policy DécisionsAn unusual view of executive behavior, by H. Edward WrappCampaign Progress Report$94,276,396 in by August 31American Youth and National Serviceby Morris JanowitzDEPARTMENTS23 Quadrangle News28 People30 Profiles32 Club News34 Alumni News43 Memorials44 ArchivesThe University of Chicago Magazine is published monthly, October through June, for alumniand the f aculty of The University of Chicago. Letters and editorial contributions are welcomed.Photography Crédits: front cover and pages 2, 8, 10, 11, 23, 24, 27, 28, 30, and 32 by TheUniversity of Chicago; inside front and back covers and pages 9, 18, 19, and 32 by Stan Karter.Facing Page: Board Chairman Fairfax M. Cône,Président George W. Beadle, and Provost EdwardU Levi at the announcement news conférence.Edward H. Levi, President-DesignateEdward Hirsch Levi will become the eighth président ofThe University of Chicago when George W. Beadle reachesretirement âge next year. Provost Levi, PhB'32, JD'35, isthe former Dean of the Law School and a life-long memberof the University community.Levi's sélection by the Board of Trustées was announcedSept. 15 by Fairfax M. Cône, Board Chairman, who spokeof the national respect which Levi enjoys for his contributions to higher éducation and to légal scholarship. Cônewent on to say, "Edward Levi was selected in the enthusi-astic conviction that he will continue to strengthen theUniversity."Président Beadle said: "Edward Levi is so clearly andobviously the right person to serve as Président that it hasbeen difficult to think seriously of other possibilities. As ascholar, as Dean of the Law School, and more recently asProvost, he has been responsible for adding importantly tothe strength and distinction of the institution. As Présidenthe will continue to do so in even greater degree. As a Personal friend and as a fellow officer of the University, I amtremendously pleased that he has agreed to accept theresponsibility."Levi said: "Many scholars from ail over the world hâveresponded to the opportunity to join in this intellectualenterprise, attracted by the uniqueness which is hère. It isin this spirit that I welcome the opportunity to serve aninstitution which in many ways has been my life ... I willdo my best for this institution which I love."JL résident Beadle will reach 65, the University's retirementâge for académie officers, on Oct. 22, 1968. A fourteen-manpanel of trustées and faculty members was formed to searchfor a successor. Mr. Cône said that at the first panel meeting,uwe ail had a candidate, and the same candidate. We didlook beyond the University, but our standard was EdwardLevi and no one came up to the standard."Trustée Glen A. Lloyd, former Chairman of the Boardand the man who directed the trustee-faculty committee inits search for the new Président, said: "Mr. Levi is one ofthe ablest and most créative scholars in the académie field.He will provide The University of Chicago with the intelligent, imaginative, and sophisticated leadership that it needs to stay among the great universities of the world."In addition to attracting new faculty members, Leviformulated the reorganization of the Collège into five quasi-independent divisions, providing more freedom and inter-departmental activity. In 1966 he was appointed a UniversityTrustée, a rare honor for a faculty member.As Dean of the Law School from 1950 to 1962, Levireorganized the curriculum extensively, attracted top légalscholars and outstanding students, and spearheaded thedrive to rebuild the school's physical plant.Described in a récent survey as one of the two most bril-liant scholars in the anti-trust field in his génération, Levialso was a principal draftsman of the McMahon AtomicEnergy Control Law of 1946. He was the légal counsel forthe Fédération of Atomic Scientists during the work whichled to the U. S. Atomic Energy Act.Mr. Levi's published works include An Introduction toLégal Reasoning (10 printings) , Four Talks on Légal Education, and numerous studies in law and économies.The Levi family's association with the University goesback to his grandfather, Rabbi Emil Hirsch, who was aclose friend and colleague of William Rainey Harper andwho became prof essor of Oriental languages and literaturesat Chicago.Levi attended kindergarten, grade school, and high schoolat the Laboratory Schools, and he received his bachelor'sand doctoral degrees from the University. He joined theLaw School faculty in 1936, taking leaves to earn his JSDat Yale and to work for the government.His wif e, the former Kate Sulzberger Hecht, also attendedthe Laboratory Schools. They were married in 1946 andhâve three sons: John, 18, David, 16, and Michael, 11.One of Levi's brothers, Julian, PhB'29, JD'31, is Pro-fessor of Urban Studies at Chicago and director of the SouthEast Chicago Commission. His other brother, Harry J. Levi,AB'40, LLB'42, is an attorney with the Chicago firm ofD'Ancona, Pflaum, Wyatt and Riskind. Their father, RabbiGerson Levi, was the spiritual leader of Temple Isaiah Israëlin Hyde Park from 1924— when the Temple was completed— until his death in 1939.For ail his wide interests and friendships, Mr. Levi's mainconcern is, and has been for many years, The Universityof Chicago. He is, in the words of a colleague, "the mostextraordinary man on this most extraordinary campus." ?3A Memoir of the Twenties, by Robert PollakThose Were the DaysWhen I came to the University in the autumn of 1920,the Midway was a peaceful place. It was relatively easy, inthose days, to tell the girls from the boys. Parking was avail-able everywhere, but hardly anyone had a car. Marriedstudents were almost unheard of . The Greek-letter frater-nities wielded enormous clout. The I.C. trains still sportedthose Civil War inverted-cone smokestacks that belchedclouds of black soot. Pot and LSD were unborn. There wasno such thing as the New Left — and very little Old Left.The undergraduate interest in national politics and socialissues stood virtually at zéro. (Since this was the golden eraof Coolidge and Harding, the apathy seems, in retrospect,fully justified.) There was a moderate amount of sexualhanky-panky among the students, but intramural exercise ofthis type was scarcely taken as a matter of course, and thef ew liaisons that became public knowledge were viewed witha mixture of awe, horror, admiration, and envy.The twenties marked the climax of the free élective systemthen prevailing in higher éducation throughout the country.Almost any collège student able to read and write could, bycareful sélection of snap courses, wind up with a degree —even at Chicago. But the curricular carte blanche seemedfitting in those times. Higher éducation has since mendedits ways, but the era endures as perhaps the suprême exampleof the good old days.John Gunther, also a product of the Collège of the earlytwenties, recalls the era as "a period of electivism gone wild."In a récent pièce about the University, he says: "When Iwent to Chicago I was obliged to take only two courses(and each for only a single quarter) in my entire four yearsof work for a bachelor's degree — English Composition andShakespeare. Outside of thèse two, I was pretty well free toroam as I pleased, providing I took enough courses in Eng-Robert Pollak, '24, is a Résident Partner, in Chicago, andMember of the Executive Committee of H. Hentz & Co.,investment brokers. He is a weekly columnist on the arts forthe Lerner, Sagan, and Hirsch neighborhood papers in Chicago and suburbs. He has been associated with the annualFaculty Revels since 1938, and he has co-authored fourproductions with Professor Robert Ashenhurst. He wasawarded an Alumni Association Citation for Public Servicein 1961. (Illustrations from Cap & Gown of the 1920' s.) lish, my major . . . Mostly I took what I liked and what waseasiest. ... I was permitted to graduate— with honors— with-out ever having had more than the barest minimum of économies, political science, philosophy, or sociology, andnothing at ail in music or the arts."But, gosh, it was fun. I spent four years on the Midwaydoing as little work as possible and playing hard. (I wasgiven a degree, and shortly thereafter I began my éducation.) I was conscious that the institution was being guidedfirst by Harry Pratt Judson and then by Ernest DeWitt Bur-ton, but I saw them only at a respectful distance.The biggest of the big men on campus in those days werethe football heroes, fellows like Jimmy Pyott, Chuck Mc-Guire, and John Thomas, who were guided to the "proper"courses by concerned friends. During periods of crisis inone's grade-average there was always Professor GeorgeCarter Howland, a benign and admirable man who taughtcomparative literature and religion. Howland, bless him,lectured in a kind of splendid isolation, barely conscious thathe had an audience at ail. If you asked him a semi-literatequestion after class you were good for a B. He providedscholastic shelter for many an athlète.Fleet running backs like Pyott also frequented the an-thropology classes of Professor Frederick Starr, an eccentricwho lived over on Ingleside somewhere in an apartment filledwith books, even unto his bathtub. According to a campuslegend — one that has cropped up about various teachers inthe past — he graded his exam papers by throwing them downthe inside steps of Rosenwald. The ones that achieved thegreatest distance got the best grades.Pyott used to doze through Starr's classes with his chairtipped back. One morning it fell over with a mighty crash."Are you hurt, Mr. Pyott?" asked Professor Starr."No, sir.""Good. That is the' first question you hâve been able toanswer this quarter."Although the undergraduate body was full of playboysand académie con men like this writer, the faculty wasblessed with giants. There was James Weber Linn, theubiquitous "Teddy." Mr. Linn gave his English classes theimpression that ail British literature stopped dead withMatthew Arnold. Budding novelists like Meyer Levin wouldhâve none of such doctrine and they sharpened their literaryteeth in battle with Linn. He was a friendly, kind-hearted,4and witty man, nonetheless, who added to University tradition by describing a varsity shortstop as The Ancient Mariner. "He stoppeth one of three," remarked Linn. The goodTeddy capped his career as an effective libéral legislator inSpringfield.Then there was James Westfall Thompson, the medi-evalist, whose lectures on the Black Death drew shiveringcrowds to a large Harper classroom and even moved somestudents to read beyond the assignment. There was the de-lightful Ferdinand Schevill, whose twinkling eyes andpointed beard made him look like a twentieth century FranzHais and whose réputation as a modem European historianstill stands the test of time. There was Philip Schuyler Allen,a gaunt, lanky, and rakish professor of German who lectured about almost everything but German, but neverthelesstickled the groping young intellects.Above ail there was the titanic Robert Morss Lovett,probably the finest teacher of English composition in theUniversity's history. Lovett, flaming pacifist, practical NewEngland radical, magazine editor (of the distinguishedDial), grandfather of our Professor Robert Ashenhurst,wore an antique four-buttoned suit in the best Ivy Leaguetradition and, often, a stiff wing collar from which his balddôme protruded. He spoke softly but carried the big stickof inspiration.Although we grew to be fairly good friends and I took ailhis composition courses, he gave me the most serious shockof my university career. During the merry spring quarterof 1 924 the weather was sunny and mild and a f ew of thegirls were yummy. We spent our time in dalliance, eschewingthe midnight oil and lolling about in Sleepy Hollow, a grassydépression near Rosenwald. Early in June, Mr. Lovett calledme into his office and announced abruptly that I was notgoing to graduate."But, Mr. Lovett," I said weakly, "my folks are comingup for commencement.""Mr. Pollak," he replied, sinking that fine head into hiscollar, "you do not move me. You were supposed to writefive long, long papers about John Milton, and you hâvewritten only four. The fifth is now one day overdue. I willnevertheless give you a twenty-four hour extension. Tomor-row noon I want six thousand words on 'The Cosmology ofJohn Milton.' If you produce them— and they make sensé—you may graduate."I staggered home to my battered Royal and worked ailnight on Milton's angels and fiends. Lovett got his paperand I my degree, but I hâve loathed Milton ever since.In 1923 I was one of the News Editors of the DailyMaroon. One day a stocky, blond student came in to seeif he could do some book reviews either for the Maroon orthe Circle, a campus literary magazine started by LennoxGrey. I gave him a book and a couple of days later he re-turned with a literate, lively pièce, carefully typed, para-graphed, and edited. I complimented him on the job andwas surprised when he told me that his major was chemistry."But I am quitting it shortly to concentrate on nothing,absolutely nothing, but English courses. I want to be a news-paper correspondent one of thèse days— and I intend to be5one of the most f amous in the world."I was somewhat taken aback by his self-assurance. Butnot in retrospect: the student was John Gunther.As early as 1922 I went out for the Maroon and wasthrilled when the editor gave me an occasional by-line. InDecember of that year I conceived the notion of running aséries of lectures by famous folk from off-campus under theaegis of the Maroon. The first speaker in this promotionalséries was the actor, Richard Bennett, then appearing down-town in Andreev's "He Who Gets Slapped." Bennett's pressagent persuaded him with little difficulty to talk in one of thelarge assembly rooms in Harper. He arrived at four oneafternoon, waving from the back of an open car like a cam-paigning politician. On each side of him sat a hand-painted,hard-bitten doxy. It would hâve been the sheerest charity tohâve called them adresses.Bennett, an incredible ham, entered the hall with his dollsand spoke for an hour about the sexual problems of theyoung to a large and hushed undergraduate audience. Themore explicit he became, the more I squirmed. That was thebeginning and end of the Maroon-sponsorod lectures.In 1922 the day editor of the Maroon was Clif Utley, whowas to become, of course, an expert on foreign affairs andone of the most distinguished news commentators in theland. He and I read copy on some smashing editorials. Irediscovered one lately that concluded: "There is as muchto be gained in a university from association with other menand women as from collège courses." The editorials in thosedays emphatically favored Unity, Motherhood (in wed-lock), and the Red Cross. Their utter blandness and concentration on University undergraduate matters contrastedsharply with today's Maroon, with its fréquent shrill espousalof international causes. Neither the 1923 nor the 1967 modelseems to be much cause for journalistic rejoicing.The front page of the old Maroon was heavily weightedin favor of stories about athletics and athlètes, including, ofcourse, much copy about the Old Man, a figure I respectedbut did not love. I remember Amos Alonzo Stagg as a fairlystuffy man who disapproved of extra-curricular conviviality.But I am certain this was and is a minority opinion.The Maroon often featured leading athlètes in its dailyhumor column. Example: "What happened to Hal Lewis?""He's out with jaundice." "Was she the one I met in frontof Cobb Hall?" O temporal O mores! Although undergraduate politics were completely domi-nated by the Greek-letter fraternities, an occasional organi-zation tried to be even more exclusive. I remember par-ticularly the Green Calybiate, a club with a title borrowedfrom James Branch Câbell. Its members were Frank Barber,Frank Bitter (SchevilFs nephew), Sol Litt, Vories Fisher,and Jim Mulroy. The G.C. inhabited a set of grimy roomsabove a drugstore at 55th and Blackstone. I once was invitedto a meeting with Ahmed-el-Easy, a mountainously fatEgyptian undergraduate, and we were asked to gaze insilence at a gold cross on the wall for better than an hour.The significance of this trance escaped me and still does.Even Fisher can't remember the reason for it.It was during that same semester that we garbed Ahmed6in a white suit and a turban and put him in a box at theBlackstone Théâtre with much attendant newspaper pub-licity. Did one of the dailies take him for a visiting Orientalpotentate? I only remember that the caper was devised byEarle Ludgin, who is more dignified thèse days.My own fraternity connection began badly at initiationtime, when the head of the chapter spoke to me sonorouslyand solemnly in a pitch-black room. His command, "stickyour hand in this burning brassière," broke up the ceremony.In this same place, a converted two-flat on Dorchester, thechairman of the house committee somehow hired a wander-ing chef from Antoine's in New Orléans. This miracle, neverfully explained, resulted in cordon bleu dinners for fourmonths.One of my Maroon assignments was to cover a visit ofUpton Sinclair, the radical writer who had already put hisname to some explosive, muck-raking novels like Thelungle and The Brass Check. In préparation for The Goose-Step, an indictment of American collèges, he visited theUniversity, found us not ail bad, but reported that the cap-tain of the tennis team had temporarily lost his pants in thefirst set of a match against Sinclair. He also noted later thatthe Maroon story of his visit was biased, having been writtenby "a young tool of the Standard Oil interests."During the early twenties I encountered, to my eternaljoy, the Chicago Symphony, which came regularly to Man-del Hall under the leadership of Frederick Stock. It was aconsidérable pleasure to be allowed to review thèse concerts for the Maroon and to meet Stock himself, a gentleman responsible for the musical éducation of thousands ofChicagoans.I once studied French with an exotic fellow namedRobert Winter, who lived in an apartment on the southside of the Midway, where one sat on cushions on the floor,admired an ivory statue of Buddha, listened to free versepoetry, ate cookies, and drank China tea. Winter and I goton well, and he gave me an A in French. The folio wingquarter, responsible to a more aloof and less Bohemianinstructor, I flunked the subject cold.Among the students I liked was John Thomas, a bull ofa fullback on the Varsity, a battering ram who madeWalter Camp's All-American and who beat Princeton almost single-handed. One bleak November day he madethe remarkable confession that he hated the drudgery of football and wished he'd never heard of the game. An evencloser friend was Campbell Dickson, a Viking of a nine-letter man who graduated with honors from the Law Schooland went on to distinguish himself as football coach,teacher (with Meiklejohn), acting collège président (Hamil-ton) and World War II hero in military government. He wasa remarkable man, but he died in obscurity.Miscellaneous memories: A Professor Alexander Maxi-mov, who predicted the quick démise of Soviet Russia in1922 and embalmed his prophesy in the Maroon in atrumpeting lead story. . . . There was a girl in the class of'24 named Calista Twist. I never knew her, but her namehas continued to haunt me. . . . Fanny Herrick, dear oldFanny Herrick, ran the Gargoyle Tea Room in what is nowthe Getzels mansion. The Herrick ice-box was always fullof snacks for late daters, while mice scurried over thekitchen floor. Upstairs there was a sitting room which oftensounded to impromptu choral singing and classical pianoduets. . . . Maie newcomers to the University wore greenbeanies and sang dolefully, "There is a hell for freshmen / towhich we ail must go / and there repent our many sins / andlead a life of woe." It wasn't nearly that bad. ... I will alwaysremember a no-stake bridge game at which one of myopponents claimed the last trick with a mythical turned-over trump, although ail trumps had been played. He wasa rich, handsome, and dashing student named Dicky Loeb.Was it Harrison Barnes who fell into an excavation,followed by Dickson, et al., one joyful night on the town,our part of town? . . . Were Virginia Carpenter, BettyBartholomew, and Jeannette Owen as pretty as memorypaints them. . . . Was Will Geer as good a student actor asthey corne? He must hâve been because he went on to afine career in the théâtre. . . .Ail around me students must hâve been studying likemad, especially in the graduate divisions. Men like Breastedand Michelson were bringing the University a spécial kindof renown of which I only heard dim echoes. It was too easyto just get by, and the auxiliary amusements were stimu-lating. But those four years, 1920-24, whatever else theydid, engendered a mammoth respect and affection for theinstitution. Almost a half-century after matriculation I stilllive a few hundred yards from Mitchell Tower and withinplain sound of the bells. No other place would seem likehome. ?7The 1967Reunion m *£âP 1Top of Page: Albert Pick, Jr., chairmanof the Class of '17 Dinner andnew Président of the Emeritus Club.Left: I.aura Bergquist Knebel, senioreditor of Look magazine, addressingthe alumnae breakfast.Bottom of Page: C. E. McKittrick andGeorge Watkins, at left, withPhi Gamma Delta brothers at the lnter-Fraternity Sing. The Fijis tookthe quality cup for best singing and thevarsity cup for most athlètes.Facing Page: A guide at the OrientalInstitute points out the Assyrianbull to touring alumni on reunion day..-"Vf** !<' îîlBlH'**?.»*»*'<¦*910Facing Page, Left: Reminiscing, dancing,and partying at the QuadrangleClub at the After-the-Sing Fling, thefinale of the reunion célébration.Facing Page, Right: Younger alumni atthe Fling had a rock-and-rollband ail to themselves—until theold-timers crowded in to watch the fun.This Page, Left: Alumnus Louis "Studs"Terkel, the noted author andinterviewer, was master of cérémoniesat the Communications Dinner.This Page, Right: Milton S. Mayer, thisyear's "Communicator of the Year,"accepting his award at the CommunicationsDinner at the Quadrangle Club.11H. Edward WrappGood ManagersDon't MakePolicy DécisionsH. Edward Wrapp is Professor and Associate Dean ofManagement Programs and Director of the Executive Pro-gram of the Graduate School of Business. This article iscondensed from his address to an Executive Program Clubluncheon at the Pick-Congress Hôtel in Chicago. The address will be published by the Graduate School of Businessas No. 26 in its séries of Selected Papers, and it appears inthe current issue of Harvard Business Review.12 TJl. he upper reaches of management are a land of mysteryand intrigue. Very few hâve ever been there, and the présentinhabitants frequently send back messages incohérent bothto other levé! s of management and to the world in gênerai.The fragmentary reports from the world of the top manager often produce caricatures of the hardy types who reachfor the gênerai management rungs on the ladder. For example, the literature on management produces such widelyheld notions as thèse: life gets less complicated as you reachthe top of the pyramid; the manager at that level knowseverything that's going on in the organization; he can com-mand whatever resources he needs, and therefore can bemore décisive. Another description pictures the gêneraimanager's day taken up with making broad policy décisions;a related version is that he spends most of his time formulat-ing objectives. Still another identifies his primary activity asconceptualizing long range plans or, in a large company,meditating about the rôle of his organization in society.I suggest that none of thèse versions alone, or in combina-tion, is an accurate portrayal of what the gênerai managerdoes. Perhaps students of the management process hâvebeen overly eager to develop a theory and a discipline. Asone executive puts it, "I guess I do some of the things de-scribed in the books and articles, but the descriptions arelifeless and my job isn't."My définition of a good manager is a simple one. Undercompétitive industry conditions, he is able to move his organization significantly toward the goals he has set, whethermeasured by higher return on investment, product improve-ment, development of management talent, faster growth insales and earnings, or whatever.Remember, this définition does not refer to the adminis-trator whose principal rôle is to maintain the status quo ina company or in a department. Keeping the wheels turningin a direction already set is a relatively simple task comparedto that of refereeing the introduction of a continuing flowof changes and innovations, and preventing the organizationfrom flying apart under pressure.Considering this group of managers in action, on the job,what common characteristics do the successful ones exhibit?Do patterns seem to recur? Let me try to identify five skillsor characteristics which seem to me significant:First, each of my heroes has a spécial talent for keepinghimself informed about a wide range of operating décisionsçç. . . the descriptions are lifeless and my job isn Vbeing made at différent levels in the company. As he movesup the ladder, he develops a network of information sourcesin many différent departments. He cultivâtes thèse sourcesand keeps them open no matter how high he rises in theorganization. When the need arises, he bypasses the Unes onthe organization chart to seek more than one version of asituation.In some instances, especially when they suspect he wouldnot be in total agreement with their décision, his subordi-nates will elect to inform him in advance, before a décisionis announced. In thèse circumstances, he is in a position todefer the décision, or to redirect it, or even to block anyfurther action. On another kind of problem, the gêneraimanager may learn after the fact that some décision hasbeen made and implemented. The skillful manager will ordi-narily leave to members of his organization the judgmentto décide at what stage they inform him.T.A. op level managers are f requently criticized by lowerlevels of management, writers, and consultants because afterpromotion they continue to enmesh themselves in operatingproblems rather than to withdraw to the "big picture." With-out any doubt, some managers do get lost in a welter ofdétail. Not only do they dig into détail, but they insist thatthey make ail the décisions. Superficially, the good managermay seem to be caught in the same web, but his purposes aredifférent. He knows that only by keeping well-informedabout the décisions being made can he avoid the sterility sooften found in those who isolate themselves from opérations.Many top executives who follow the advice to free themselves from opérations soon find themselves subsisting ona diet of abstractions with the choice of what they eat inthe hands of their subordinates.As Kenneth Boulding puts it, "The very purpose of a hier-archy is to prevent information from reaching higher layers.It opérâtes as an information filter, and there are little waste-baskets ail along the way."A real-life example which illustrâtes skillful managementis that of one company président who sensed that his viceprésidents were insulating him from some of the vital issuesbeing discussed at lower levels. He accepted a proposai fora formai management development program primarily be cause it afforded him an opportunity to discuss companyproblems with middle managers several layers removedfrom him in the organization. By meeting with small groupsof thèse men in an académie setting, he learned much abouttheir préoccupations, and also those of his vice présidents.And in this instance he accomplished his purposes withoutundermining Une authority.Certain managers seem to be able to respond almost imme-diately with a well-reasoned position on ail of the problemsand proposais coming to them. The explanation may restnot so much with a superior intellect as with a well-culti-vated information network which gives an early warningand permits advance préparation.The second characteristic or skill of the good manager isan ability to save his energy and hours for those few partic-ular issues, décisions, or problems to which he should givehis personal attention. There is a fine and subtle distinctionbetween keeping fully informed about operating décisionsand allowing the organization to force you info participatingin them, or even worse, making them.The good manager knows that he can bring his spécialtalents to bear only on a limited number of matters. Hetherefore chooses those which he believes will hâve thegreatest long-term impact and those where his own spécialtalents can be most productive. Under ordinary circumstances he will limit himself to three or four major objectivesduring any single time period.As he spots certain situations emerging from the organization, he will elect to become involved in the decision-makingprocess. On the others, he will assure that the organizationkeeps him informed at various stages, but he will refrainfrom active participation. Unless this skill is exercised withgreat expertise, he may be accused of indifférence to thoseissues which he keeps at arm's length. He trains his subordinates not to bring matters to him for décisions. Thecommunication to him from below is essentially one of"hère is our size-up and here's what we propose to do."The manager is in a position to delay a course of actionwhen he is informed prior to action, but in practice he sel-dom does hold up what his subordinates propose to do. Hishearty encouragement is reserved for those projects whichhold superior promise of a contribution to total corporatestrategy. He simply acknowledges receipt of information onmost matters. When he sees a problem where the organiza-13?cThe skillful manager resists the urge to writea company creed or to compile a policy manual."tion needs his help, he finds ways to transmit his know-how short of giving orders, usually by asking perceptivequestions.The third skill is the manager's sensitivity to the powerstructure in the organization. In considering any one of themajor and current proposais, he can plot the position of thevarious individuals and units in the organization on a scaleranging from complète outspoken support down to deter-mined, sometimes bitter and oftentimes well-cloaked, opposition. In the middle of the scale is an area of comparativeindifférence. Usually, several aspects of a proposai will fallinto this area, and hère is the area where the manager canoperate. He assesses the depth and nature of the blocsin the organization. His perception permits him to movethrough what I call corridors of comparative indifférence.He seldom challenges when a corridor is blocked, pref erringto pause until it has opened up.Related to this particular skill is the good manager's récognition of the need for a few trial-balloon launchers in theorganization. He knows that the organization will tolerateonly a certain number of proposais which emanate from theapex of the pyramid. No matter how sorely he may betempted to stimulate the organization with a flow of his ownideas, he recognizes the advantages of cultivating trial-balloon launchers or idea men in différent parts of the organization. As he studies the reactions of key individualsand groups to the balloons thèse men send up, he is able tomake a better assessment of how to limit the emasculation ofthe various proposais.Seldom, too, does he find a proposai which is supportedby ail quarters of the organization. The émergence of strongsupport in certain quarters is almost certain to evoke strongopposition in others.Consider this example of a vice président who for sometime had been convinced that his company lacked a sénse ofdirection and needed a formai long-range planning activityto fill the void. Up to now, his soft overtures to top management had been rebuffed. Then, he spotted an opening.A management development committee had proposed aséries of weekend meetings for second-level officers in thecompany. After extensive debate, but for reasons not an-nounced, the président rejected this proposai. The members of the management development committee openlyresented what seemed to them an arbitrary rejection. The vice-président, sensing a tense situation, suggested that thesame officers who were to hâve attended the weekend management development seminars be organized into a long-range planning committee. The timing of his suggestion wasperfect. The président, looking for a bone to toss the committee, acquiesced immediately, and the management development committee in its next meeting enthusiasticallyendorsed the idea.This vice président had been conducting a kind of con-tinuing market research to discover how to sell his long-range planning proposai. His previous probes of the"market" had told him that the president's earlier rejectionsof his proposais were not so final as to preclude an eventualshift in the corridors. He caught the committee in a similarconciliatory mood and his proposai rode through with colorsflying.AA. \s a good manager stands at a point in time, he canidentify a set of goals, albeit the outline may be hazy attimes. His timetable, which is also pretty hazy, suggests thatsome must be accomplished sooner than others; and thatsome may be safely postponed for several months or years.But at this point the manager has a still hazier notion ofhow he can reach thèse goals. He assesses key individualsand groups. He knows that each has its own set of goals,some of which he understands rather thoroughly, otherswhich he can only speculate about. He knows also that thèseindividuals and groups represent blocks to certain pro-grams or projects and that thèse points of opposition mustbe taken into account. As the day-to-day operating décisionsare made, and as proposais are responded to both by individuals and groups, the manager perceives more clearlywhere the corridors of comparative indifférence are.The f ourth skill is the ability of the manager to satisfy theorganization that it has a sensé of direction, but withoutever getting himself committed publicly to a spécifie set ofobjectives. This is not to say that the good manager does nothâve objectives, both personal and corporate, long term andshort term. They are significant guides to his thinking, andhe modifies them continually as he better understands theresources he is working with, the compétition, and thechanging market demands.14But as the organization clamors for statement of objectives,thèse are samples of what they get back: "Our companyaims to be number one in its industry"; "Our objective isgrowth with profit"; "We seek the maximum return on in-vestment"; "Managements goal is to meet its responsibili-ties to stockholders, employées, and the public."In my opinion, statements such as thèse provide almost noguidance to the various levels of management, and yet theyare quite readily accepted as objectives by large numbersof intelligent people.Why does the good manager shy away from précise statements of his objectives for the organization? There are manygood reasons for not being more précise. The main reasonis that he finds it impossible to set down spécifie objectiveswhich will be relevant for any reasonable period into thefuture. Conditions in business change continually and rap-idly, and corporate strategy must be revised to take thechanges into account. The more definite the statement ofstrategy for the organization, the more difficult it becomesto persuade the organization to turn to différent goals. Evenif management were capable of this kind of master planning,before it could get the objectives comprehended by the organization, the targets would hâve shif ted.The public and the stockholders must perceive the organization as having a well-defined set of objectives and a clearsensé of direction. But in reality the good top manager isseldom so certain of the direction in which he should takethe organization. Better than anyone else, he sensés themany, many threats to his company— threats which lie inthe economy, the actions of competitors, and not least with-in his own organization. Better than anyone else, too, heknows that he is continually on the tenterhooks of whetherto pause and reevaluate or to forge ahead.The skillful manager also knows that objectives are impossible to state clearly enough so that everyone in theorganization understands what they mean. They get com-municated only over time by a consistency or pattern inoperating décisions. In instances where précise objectivesare spelled out, the organization interprets them so they fitits own needs.The subordinates who keep pressing for more précise objectives are in truth working against their own best interests.Each time the objectives are stated more specifically, thesubordinate's range of possibilities for operating are re- duced. The narrower field means less room to roam and toaccommodate the flow of ideas coming up from his part ofthe organization.The good manager's reluctance extends into the area ofpolicy décisions. He seldom makes a forthright statementof policy. Some executives spend more time in arbitratingdisputes caused by stated policies than in moving the company forward. The management textbooks contend thatwell-defined policies are the sine qua non of a well-managedcompany. My research does not bear out this contention.The président of one company deliberately leaves the as-signments of his top officers vague and refuses to definepolicies for them. He passes out new assignments with seem-ingly no pattern in mind and consciously sets up compétitive ventures among his subordinates. His methods, thoughthey would never be sanctioned by a classical organizationplanner, are deliberate and, incidentally, quite effective.Since good managers don't make policy décisions, doesthis mean that well-managed companies operate withoutpolicies? Certainly not, but the policies are those whichevolve over time from an indescribable mix of operatingdécisions. From any single operating décision might hâvecorne a very minor dimension of the policy as the organization now understands it. It's the patterns as they émergefrom a séries of décisions which set up guidelines for variouslevels of the organization.The skillful manager resists the urge to write a companycreed or to compile a policy manual. Préoccupation withdetailed statements of corporate objectives and departmen-tal goals, comprehensive organization charts and job descriptions— this is often the first symptom of an organizationin the early stages of atrophy.The "management by objectives" school, so widely herald-ed in récent years, suggests that detailed objectives bespelled out at ail levels in the organization. This method isfeasible at lower levels of management, but it becomes un-workable at the upper levels. In his own mind, the good topmanager must think out objectives in détail, but ordinarilysome of the objectives must be withheld, or at least com-municated to the organization in modest doses. A condition-ing process, which may stretch over months or years, isnecessary in order to prépare the organization for radicaldepartures from what it is already striving to attain.Take, for example, the président who is convinced that15ffWhile his subordinates may attribute the delays to procrastinationor indécision^ in fact a skillful manager may be at work."his company must phase out of the principal business it hasbeen in for thirty-five years. Although this has become oneof his objectives, he cannot disclose it even to his vice présidents, whose total know-how is in the présent business. Ablunt announcement that the company was changing horseswould be too great a shock for most of them to bear. Andso he begins moving toward the objective of altering theexisting business, but without a disclosure to his group.If the manager attempts to spell out his objectives in détail,a task which is almost impossible to accomplish, perhapshis major accomplishment will be to complicate the task ofreaching those objectives. Spécifie, detailed objectives sim-ply allow the opposition to organize its défenses.And now we corne to the fifth and most important skill,the ability to discern opportunities and relationships in thestream of operating décisions which flow past the gêneraimanager each day. In reviewing the activities of the organization, he suggests modest altérations which move theorganization in small incréments toward the goals he has set.He understands the concept of marginal incréments, whichwas introduced to business management by the economist.He recognizes the futility of trying to push total packagesor programs through the organization. He is willing to takeless than total acceptance in order to achieve modest prog-ress toward his goals.The good manager then, avoiding debates on principles,tries to pièce together particles, which may appear to beincidentals, into a program which moves at least partiallytoward his objectives. His attitude is based upon optimismand persistence. Over and over, he says to himself, "theremust be some parts of this proposai on which we cancapitalize."Whenever the manager identifies relationships among thedifférent proposais before him, he knows that they présentopportunities for combination and restructuring. It followsthat the good manager is a man of wide-ranging interestsand curiosities. The more things he knows about, the moreopportunities he will hâve to discover parts which are re-lated. This process does not require great intellectual bril-liance or unusual creativity. The wider ranging his interests,the more likely he will be able to tie togther several unrelatedproposais. He is skilled as an analyst, but even more talentedas a conceptualizer.If the manager has built a solid organization, it will be difficult for him to corne up with an idea which no one inthe organization has ever thought of before. His most sig-nificant contribution may be that he can see relationshipswhich no one else has seen.Take this example of a division manager who had set asone of his objectives, at the start of a year, an improvementin product quality. At the end of the year, in reviewing hisprogress toward this objective, he could identify three signif-icant events which had brought about a perceptible improvement.Early in the year, the head of the quality control group, along service manager who was doing only an adéquate job,asked for assignment to a new research group. Opportunitynumber one permitted the division manager to install apromising young engineer in this key spot.A few months later, opportunity number two came along.The personnel department proposed a continuous programof checking the effectiveness of training methods for newemployées. The proposai was acceptable to the manufac-turing group. The division manager's only contribution wasto suggest that the program should include a heavy emphasison the employee's attitude toward quality.A third opportunity came along when one of the division'sbest customers discovered that the wrong material had beenused for a large lot of parts. The heat generated by thiscomplaint made it possible to institute a completely newSystem for inspecting and testing raw materials.As the division manager reviewed the year's progress onproduct quality, thèse were the three most important de-velopments. None of them could hâve been predicted at thestart of the year, but the division manager was quick to seethe potential in each as it popped up in the day-to-dayoperating routines.The good manager can function effectively only in anenvironment of continuai change. A cartoonist in SaturdayReview caught the idea as he pictured an executive seatedat a massive desk instructing his secretary to "send in adeal. I feel like wheelin'." Only with many changes in theworks can the manager discover new combinations of opportunities and open up new corridors of comparative indifférence. He will make stratégie change a way of life inthe organization and continually review the strategy eventhough current results are good.It is interesting to notice, in the writings of several stu-16dents of management, the émergence of the concept thatrather than to make décisions the leader's principal task isto maintain operating conditions which permit the variousdecision-making Systems to function effectively. The supporters of this theory, it seems to me, overlook the subtleturns of direction which the leader can provide. He cannotstructure their balanced judgments if he simply rubber-stamps the décisions of his subordinates. He must hâveweighed the issues and reached his own décision.Cyert and March contend that in real life managers do notconsider several possible courses of action, that their searchends once they hâve found a satisfactory alternative. Mysample of good managers is not guilty of such myopie think-ing. Unless they were mulling a wide range of possibilities,they could not corne up with the imaginative combinationsof ideas which characterize their work.V^^rdinarily, the manager needs time in order to fit thepièces together. While his subordinates may attribute thedelays to procrastination or indécision, in fact a skillfulmanager may be at work.Many of the articles about successful executives picturethem as great thinkers who sit at their desks drafting masterblueprints for their companies. The successful top executives I hâve seen at work do not operate this way. Ratherthan produce a full-grown décision tree, they start with atwig, help it grow, and ease themselves out on the limbs onlyafter they know how much weight the limbs can stand.My picture of the gênerai manager has him as sitting inthe midst of a continuous stream of operating problems. Hisorganization présents him with a flow of proposais to dealwith the problems. Some of the proposais are contained involuminous, well-documented, formai reports; some are asfleeting as the walk-in visit from a subordinate whose latestinspiration came during the morning's coffee break. Feelingno compulsion to classify his problems, he knows howmeaningless it is to say "this is a finance problem" or "thatis a communications problem." He is, in fact, undismayedby a problem that défies classification. As the late GarySteiner put it, "he has a high tolérance for ambiguity."In considering each proposai, thé gênerai manager tests itagainst at least three criteria: First, will the total proposai, or more often will some part of the proposai, move the organization toward the objectives he has in mind? Second,how will the whole or parts of the proposai be received bythe various groups and subgroups in the organization?Where will the strongest opposition corne from, which groupwill furnish the strongest support, and which will be neutralor indiffèrent?Third, how does the proposai relate to programs alreadyin process or currently proposed? Can some parts of theproposai now in front of him be added on to a programalready under way or can they be combined with ail orparts of other proposais in a package which can be steeredthrough the organization?Interestingly, professional planners may be irritated by agood gênerai manager. Most of them complain about thelack of vision of top management. The planners devise amaster plan, but the président seems to ignore it, or to giveit minimum acknowledgement by borrowing bits and piècesfor implementation.Many planners seem to think that they need only to drawup a master plan and présent it to top management, and itspower will be obvious to everyone and its implementationautomatic. The gênerai management level executive, how-ever, knows that even if the plan is sound and imaginative,the job is only begun. The long, painful task of implementation will dépend upon his skill, not that of the planner.My final needle is reserved for the educators. I am struckby how often a man who is rising rapidly in business turnsin an ordinary performance when he enrolls in formai business courses. The abilities which permit him to excel inmanagement fail him when he gets to the classroom. Thisdiscrepancy requires further investigation. I am not yetfully persuaded that in today's graduate schools of businesswe are teaching the things which will produce a super breedof managers for the future.In the drive to intellectualize business, the tendency hasbeen to develop independent disciplines which ignore themanager in his operating milieu. Conceivably, several important éléments are being left out of the mix. Hardly ahandful of courses in graduate schools of business corneclose to teaching the skills and attitudes described in thispaper. I am convinced that the skills can be taught, thatcourse materials which will make thèse concepts meaningfulfor managers can be develôped. ?17Alumni Give $12,541,383:Campaign Progress ReportThe University's three-year Campaign for Chicago hasreceived a total of $94,276,396 in gifts and pledges as ofAugust 3 1 .Président George W. Beadle said the University was"gratified with the wide support the Campaign has attracted.Although much hard work remains to be done, we are confident that our $1 60,000,000 goal will be reached."Mr. Beadle paid tribute to the trustées, faculty, alumniand many other friends of the University who hâve aidedthe Campaign.The Campaign, which was announced October 20, 1965,is the first phase of a ten-year $360,000,000 program de-signed to strengthen every académie area of the University."Its effect," said Mr. Beadle, "is already widely apparent.There is great enthusiasm on the Quadrangles thèse days.Campaign funds hâve enabled the University to undertakenew programs, provide additional faculty support, and be-gin construction on vital académie buildings."The new Student Apartment Building at 57th Street andDorchester Avenue was completed in September and is nowfully occupied with 90 women students. It represents a firststep toward meeting a critical shortage of housing for students.Buildings under construction include the Searle ChemistryLaboratory, now nearing completion; the Henry HindsGeophysical Science Building; the A. J. Carlson Animal Research Facility; and the High Energy Physics Building. AHare units in the University's developing Science Center, acomplex designed to integrate the facilities of the biologicaland physical sciences on the campus.Also nearing completion is the rénovation of Cobb Hall,the University's oldest building. The original Gothic exteriorhas been preserved, but the interior has been completely re-modeled to enable the building to serve as a center for undergraduate study.Groundbreaking cérémonies for the Joseph RegensteinLibrary will be held this fall. The $20,500,000 structure-core unit of the library system— is perhaps the key élément inChicago's extensive long-range plans for académie improve-ment.A new phase of the Campaign gets underway this fall:solicitation for gifts in the $10,000 to $99,000 range. ThisAlumni Fund Programs phase will run concurrently with thecontinuing solicitation for major and spécial gifts. ?18Gifts and Pledges to August 31, 1967IndividualsAlumni $10,993,987Others $21,157,800BequestsAlumni $1,547,396Others $3,213,088Foundations (exceptFord) $21,543,938Corporations $10,229,170Associations $6,701,064Total Gifts and Pledges $75,386,443Ford Foundation Challenge Grant $ 1 1 , 1 64,07 1Government Building Grants $7,725,882Grand Total: $94,276,396Left: the new student apartment buildingat 57 th Street and Dorchester Avenue.19Morris JanowitzAmerican YouthandNational ServiceMorris Janowitz, PhD' 48, is Professor and Chairman ofthe Department of Sociology at The University of Chicago.He is author of The Professional Soldier: A Social andPolitical Portrait and co-author, with Bruno Bettelheim, ofSocial Change and Préjudice. This article is taken from hisaddress to a récent graduating class of Francis Parker HighSchool in Chicago.20 Xn June, 1967, throughout the United States, more thanthree million youngsters were graduated from high school.As they made plans for their adult careers, they heard anew concept in American life being discussed: nationalservice.In one sensé national service is not a new idea. Ameri-cans hâve, since the founding of this country, gone ofï toserve the nation in a great number of ways. They hâvejoined the armed forces in time of war. They hâve takenpart in relief missions to foreign countries. They hâve vol-unteered their services in settlement houses and other community agencies to help fight social ills at home. But in thelast few years the concept of national service has becomemore dramatic and more pressing and it has corne to at-tract more attention.National service, basically, is a simple idea. Young people, as they go through their éducation, are given an opportunity to serve their nation for a period of a year or two.They are given only nominal pay because they are per-forming some important task for which monetary compensation is of secondary importance.The world is undergoing rapid social and political change.The national service that young people can perform is ur-gently needed to meet pressing problems. At home, minoritygroups wish to participate in the mainstream of Americanlife. Throughout the countries of South America and Africaand Asia, millions of people want to hâve the basic necessi-ties of life and the conditions of social stability. Vastamounts of capital, new technology, and scientific enter-prise will be required to meet thèse needs. But human re-sources also are required. The problems of social changerequire the nourishment that one human being can giveanother. National service is a concept to mobilize humanmanpower. National service means working as a volunteerteacher, a recreational worker, a health aide, or community agent for a short period of time in the interest of thenation.Of course, national service cannot be separated fromsélective service. Each year approximately 1,800,000 youngmen become eligible for military service under existinglaws. One third of thèse young men are exempt from induction because of physical or mental defects. One thirdare given deferments, mainly to attend collège; while onethird enter the armed forces to serve their two years ofccThe national. service that young people can performis urgently needed to meet pressing problems."obligatory duty. There are inequities in the présent System, and it is the duty of congress to correct them. Militaryservices hâve spécial meaning in a period of world tensionand limited war. But the grim reality is that even withoutthe war in South Vietnam, America's rôle and responsibilityin the world community means that many young peoplewill hâve to perform their national service in uniform.Soldiers must be adequately compensated for their servicein the armed forces. But it is unrealistic to believe that ourmilitary forces can be manned exclusively by volunteersin the near future. Moreover, it is contrary to Americantradition to hâve a mercenary army during hostilities. Sucha military force might weaken our free and démocratieinstitutions. In short, there is every reason to believe thatmilitary service will be a form of national service for someyoung people in the décade ahead.T*X-#ut the concept of national service goes well beyondmilitary service. It is precisely designed to ofïer alternativeways of serving the nation. Social and political changerequire action on a variety of fronts. National service rec-ognizes the necessity of broadening the opportunities forservice and for appealing to voluntary incentives whereverpossible.The goal of national service is not to establish a uniformSystem requiring two years of duty. Our country is muchtoo individualistic and too pragmatic. The major outlinesof national service are already clear. We are moving to agreat variety of public and private programs— short-termand long-term programs, domestic and foreign. The com-mon denominator is the quality and worth of individualhuman resources to help solve pressing social and économieproblems.The types and forms of national service are numerousand are limited only by human needs and the initiative ofgroup leaders. The time when a person takes his nationalservice should remain flexible. The length also could beflexible. In gênerai, national service is thought of as oneyear or at least six months. In many cases, it might bedone on a part-time basis. Outside of the military service,it could involve both men and women.The Peace Corps, with its two-year period of service abroad, is the most dramatic and most visible example ofa successful approach to the national service concept. Inthe years ahead, the number of Peace Corps volunteerscould be greatly expanded until at least fifty thousand areengaged in the program. The présent Peace Corps program is a fédéral government effort. There already are private organizations with alternative programs.On the domestic front, VISTA (Volunteers In ServiceTo America) is the équivalent of the Peace Corps. Itsgrowth has been graduai, but it is clearly an importantform of national service. Its members are hard at work inthe inner city, attacking community problems of éducation, health, and welfare. A national Teachers Corps hasbeen started, with spécifie functions in the classrooms ofthe slum school. I believe this to be one of the most prom-ising programs of national service. The présence of youngpeople, with their energy and commitment, is a real contribution to the moral life of the slum school. It is a wayof demonstrating the concern of the larger society forthe problems of the inner city.There is already discussion of a national health corps,with two year's service in hospitals. In addition to the services that such a program would render, it would be a wayof introducing youngsters to the advantages of a careerin the health field. Many cities hâve police cadet corps,and thèse are certain to expand to meet the needs ofrecruitment into the metropolitan police forces. To thislist could be added tutorial work in éducation, récréationefforts, programs in cultural enrichment, and the like. Ineach case the pay would be nominal and the main concernof the worker would be with his contribution to society andto himself.In each of thèse programs there is an underlying issue:new techniques and new approaches are needed to solvebasic social and économie problems. Poverty and socialills will not be solved by highly trained professionals. Volunteers, semi-professionals, and para-professionals are newand powerful concepts. Community development workoften is best done by a young person who is willing to workhard and who is unconcerned about his professional status.There also is the problem of numbers. In the next décadethere cannot be found sufficient numbers of professionalteachers to meet the needs of the inner city; neither canthe number of social workers suffice. Only by the infusion21of larger numbers of short-term workers could the basicneeds of our society be met.The concept of national service is designed to help over-come the limitations and defects of our edueational system.Although each year more and more students graduate fromhigh school, the social implications of the dropout problem become deeper. In the world in which we live it hasbecome essential that every youngster hâve four years ofhigh school or the équivalent thereof . Without such éducation, a person is not likely to hâve the essential skills andthe self respect required for a démocratie society. The impact of inadéquate éducation falls most heavily on theinner city youngster, especially members of minoritygroups. Among thèse groups the dropout rate is more thanfifty per cent.-L ^1 ational service would assist the underprivileged in twodifférent ways. First, national service programs would produce hundreds of thousands of volunteer tutors, teacheraides, community workers, and the like, to provide thecompensatory éducation which is so vitally needed in theschools of the inner city. Human spirit— not teaching machines and télévision— is the backbone of good éducation.Second, we need spécial national service programs for theyoungsters of the inner city, regardless of their edueational background. Thèse programs would be fashionedafter the Job Corps approach and would give the youngsters an opportunity to be trained either in the metropoli-tan area or, better still, to go for a prolonged period oftime to a residential center fashioned along the lines ofthe Civilian Conservation Corps.The case of national service does not rest on a strugglebetween national benefits versus individual needs. To par-ticipate in national service is to make a contribution tomany essential and needed tasks which are not being ade-quately filled under présent arrangements, from teachingin the inner city, to health services, to natural conservationwork, to service overseas. But the benefits to the workerhimself are as great as the social contribution. Nationalservice represents a valuable personal and social expérience in préparation for adult responsibilities and in de-veloping a sensé of personal maturity. National service is more than an effort at rehabilitationand a second chance for those youngsters who corne fromthe most deprived segments of our society. It is designedto make a contribution to ail social strata of contemporarysociety. It is no secret that serious shorteomings in theAmerican edueational system make it necessary for manyyoungsters to indulge in absurd caricatures of their parentsand in extrême revolt as a means of self expression.In the search for personal development and individualidentity, we hâve overemphasized individual classroom performance as the ultimate standard of success. The resuit ailtoo often leads to various f orms of rébellion and withdrawal.It is particularly dangerous to make school and académieperformance the exclusive route to mobility into adult society. National service will deliberately interrupt classroomexpérience at appropriate points, so as to give young menand young women a taste of the real world. It is a higherform of boredom to be locked into edueational programsthat know no flexibility from five years of âge throughgraduate and professional schools. There was a time whenmany youngsters got their taste of the reàl world by work-ing their way through collège. The affluence of contemporary society has limited that alternative form of éducation.Young people need exposure to a wide range of types ofadults and teachers beyond the subject-matter specialistsfound in the classroom. The teachers of the contemporaryworld must include men and women from industry, gov-ernment, or community life, persons whose achievementssupply inspiration and goals which master's and doctor'sdegrees do not necessarily guarantee.The gap between the industrialized and the new nationsis widening rather than decreasing. In fact, there has beena drastic drain-off of professionals from new nations, especially doctors and scientists and engineers. The conceptof national service is in part a device for making service abroad part of the éducation and responsibility of each génération of highly trained professionals that this nation isnow producing. I am struck by the positive désire of youngpeople who want to go abroad for a year or so as part oftheir training and personal development. Thus, in the lastanalysis, national service is a form of enlightened self-interest on a world-wide scale. It is a social invention bywhich young people will make themselves felt in the realworld. D22Alumni Gifts Set RecordAlumni dug 15% deeper into their pock-ets to contribute a record $4,688,836.94during the 1966-67 fiscal year. Contributions by 16,829 alumni included gifts fordevelopment of the undergraduate Collège, the four graduate divisions, and theseven professional schools.The total includes $427,810.73 con-tributed to the Alumni Fund, the University's annual giving program. The figurerepresents a seven per cent increase overthe 1965-66 Alumni Fund total.In announcing the contributions,Charles U. Daly, Vice-Président for Development and Public Affaire, cited the"excellent work" done by John R. Womer,1967 Alumni Fund Chairman, and his associâtes in the alumni drive."The entire University community isheartened by the support received fromour alumni," Daly said. "Gifts to theAlumni Fund are particularly important,as they are used to meet current needs.They provide budgetary flexibility in ourday-by-day management and are used inthe recruitment of new faculty members,in student aid, and in many areas of re-search and scholarehip."The University's first annual drive foralumni support was organized in 1942.That year the Alumni Fund collected$51,131 in unrestricted funds, and theamount collected has increased steadilyeach year.The 1967 Alumni Fund drive was car-ried out by 1,500 volunteers who reachedsome 300 communities across the UnitedStates.The President's Fund, a part of theAlumni Fund, received $204,922 from130 donore during 1966-67. This was anincrease of twenty-three per cent over the1965-66 total, when $166,633 was received from 100 donore. The President'sFund was established three years ago toenlist spécial support from alumni andfriends in the form of unrestricted giftsof $1,000 or more, in addition to otherUniversity.support they may already be giving to the Washington, D. C: (from left) U. S. Suprême Court Justice Tom C. Clark, Phil C. Neal,Dean of the Law School, and U. S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark, AM'50, JD'51. Theoccasion was a réception this summer for the Justice and his son, the Attorney General.Sports Roundup: A Good Year for the MaroonsSeven Maroon varsity teams with win-ning records and four outstanding athlèteshelped to make last year one of the mostsuccessful years in the University's récentathletic history.The tennis and golf teams led the othernine varsity teams in won-lost records. Thetennis team won six dual matches and losttwo. The golf team won nine matches, lostthree, and tied one.The track team had fourteen victoriesand six losses, and the cross-country teamhad seven victories and four losses.The wrestling, baseball, and basketballteams also had winning seasons and thefencing team narrowly missed, with a nineand nine record.Peter Hildebrand, a cross-country run-ner, won All-America honore.Fencer Steve Knodle finished tenth inthe National Collegiate Athletic Association^ national championships, and rankedninth as an épéeist in the Amateur FencersLeague of America's Midwest régionalchampionships.Two Stagg Scholars on the baseball team, catcher Dennis Sienko and short-stop Bill Peareon, were named to the Chi-cagoland Collège Baseball League's ail-star team.A total of 270 men participai ed in varsity sports last year. Of thèse, seventy-sixwon major "C" letters. Soccer, with forty-six players, was the most popular sport.In reviewing the past year, Walter L.Hass, Director of Athletics, said: "We'revery pleased with the records of our athletic teams. In some sports we competedagainst the very best in the country. Tocompile a winning record against suchcompétition was a real accomplishment.and a tribute to our coaches and students."Maroon opponents included NotreDame, Northwestern, Illinois, MichiganState, Ohio State, and Iowa.The intercollegiate teams at Chicagoand their 1966-67 won-lost records are:baseball, 9-7; basketball, 9-8; cross-country, 7-4; fencing, 9-9; golf, 9-3, tied1; gymnastics, 1-12; soccer, 2-9; swim-ming, 5-6, tied 1 ; tennis, 6-2; indoor track,8-2; outdoor track, 6-4; wrestling, 6-4.23Plutonium Site in Jones LabDesignated a National LandmarkOn September 10, 1942, scientists inthe closet-sized Room 405 of GeorgeHerbert Jones Chemical Laboratory ex-citedly performed what is normally ahumdrum chore — the weighing of a chem-ical compound. But the compound in thiscase was the first pure sample of plutoniumdioxide, a chemical form of the world'sfirst synthetically produced élément.The measured sample was the realiza-tion of man 's age-old dream of transmutation. The ancient alchemists had hoped tomake gold out of lead, but the new élément, plutonium 239, was far more valu-able to mankind. Like uranium 235, itcould be used to make a bomb of terriblepower, but it also could be used in pollu-tion-free production of the electricalenergy that the world must continue tohâve when its supply of fossil fuels-coal,oil, and gas— is exhausted.On September 10, 1967, the Universitycelebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary ofthe weighing in a day-long program thatbrought to the campus many of the scientists connected with the original event.Président George W. Beadle welcomedthe nearly 200 scientists and guests. GlennT. Seaborg, head of the plutonium projectait Chicago and now Chairman of the U. S.Atomic Energy Commission, served asmaster of cérémonies and gave an informaiafter-dinner address. Walter I. Pozen, AB'53, JD'56, Assistant to the Secretary ofthe Interior, dedicated Room 405 of JonesLaboratory as a Registered National Historié Landmark. A bronze commemorativeplaque has been affixed to the wall besideRoom 405, where there is a display ofequipment and photographs of the plutonium project.Norman H. Nachtrieb, Professor andChairman of the Department of Chemis-try, planned and coordinated the anniversary observance.At the afternoon session of the anniversary célébration, nine members of theoriginal scientific team each made a fewremarks about their rôle in the project.The nine were George Boyd, SB'33, PhD Glenn T. Seaborg, head of the plutoniumproject at Chicago in 1942 and now Chairman of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission,holds one of the plaques for Jones 405.'37, Milton Burton, Michael Cefola,Charles Coryell, Burris B. Cunningham,Arthur Jaffey, SB'36, PhD'41, IsadorePerlman, Louis Werner, and John A. Wil-lard. Their rétrospective anecdotes more often than not were given in a spirit fre-quently observed in men of high disciplineand achievement— a spirit of dryly humor-ous self-effacement. One speaker recalledthe anxious moments when a laboratorybeaker was accidentally broken and theworld's supply of plutonium, in solution,was unceremoniously spilled. Fortunately,the beaker had been sitting on a Sundayédition of the Chicago Tribune, whichpromptly soaked up the solution. It wasnecessary to digest the newspaper with astrong acid in order to recover the plutonium. The speaker observed that he wasprobably the only person of strong libéralpersuasions who had completely digested aSunday édition of the conservative Tribune.The possible synthesis of plutonium hadbeen theoretically predicted for manyyears and the élément was discovered atthe University of California at Berkeleyeighteen months before its isolation at Chicago. The plutonium used by the Chicagoteam had been produced at Berkeley andat Washington University in St. Louis.Plutonium 239 is made by bombardinguranium 238 with deuterons in an accelera-tor— as was done in 1942— or by the captureof neutrons by uranium 238 in a chain-reacting pileThe amount of plutonium dioxide produced at Chicago weighed only 2.77 micro-grams (millionths of a gram). The samplewas weighed on an extremely sensitive butsimply-constructed scale which was inventée! for the occasion (but later foundalso to hâve been invented elsewhere).Another significant achievement connected with the plutonium project was thedevelopment of the then fledgling scienceof ultramicrochemistry, which deals withchemical compounds and reactions on themicrogram level.In the early stages of plutonium re-search, élément 94 had not been namedand had to be discussed confidentially because of its connection with the supersecret Manhattan Project. The Chicagoscientists called the new élément by thecode name "copper," until real copperhad to be used in the experiments. Then adistinction had to be made between thecode name and "honest-to-God copper."24James W. Button and JosephRegenstein, Jr., Named TrustéesFairfax M. Cône, Chairman of theBoard of Trustées, announced the électionof James W. Button, '39, and JosephRegenstein, Jr., to the University's Boardof Trustées. Button's élection came insummer and Regenstein's at the beginningof the autumn quarter.Button, the newest alumnus-trustee, isvice-président in charge of merchandisingfor Sears, Roebuck and Company. As anundergraduate, he was a member of PsiUpsilon and the Blackfriars. He has beenwith Sears since 1941, except for servingin the Navy from 1944 to 1946. He is amember of the boards of directors of Sears,Allstate Insurance Co., General Téléphoneand Electronics Corp., and Simpson-SearsLimited.Regenstein is chairman of the board ofthe Arvey Corporation in Chicago. He isa director of the Lake Shore NationalBank, a trustée of the Latin School ofChicago, a director and first vice-présidentof United Charities of Chicago, a trustéeand vice-président of Michael Reese Hos-pital and Médical Center, and a memberof the Northwestern University Associates.$2 Million Fédéral Grant to SSAThe University's School of Social Service Administration has been awarded a$2,097,166 research and training grant tosupport instructional costs and studenttraineeships at a new Social Services Center to be built in Woodlawn.The grant, which will span a five yearperiod, was awarded by the Children'sBureau of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and was announcedin May by Mrs. Katherine B. Oettinger,Chief of the Bureau.The Center is a pioneering effort tobring together a major school of socialwork and more than a dozen agencies todevelop a network of services for Woodlawn, the low-income community whichborders the University's campus. It willbe located at 61st St. and Ingleside Ave. The Children's Bureau supported theCenter's planning and development phase,which began two years ago.Donald Brieland, Professor in SSA andDirector of the Center, outlined the Center's goals: "First, through a new joiningof fédéral, state, and city resources, a widevariety of programs will be made availableto members of the community in need ofsocial services."Second, provision of welfare servicesin coopération with the University'sSchool of Social Service Administrationwill maximize the efïectiveness of the Center's program by offering a testing groundfor new and more effective methods ofmeeting community needs."Third, social work students for thefirst time will hâve field placements in auniversity-based project, which is at thesame time the source of needed socialservices in the community."Fourth, through the participation ofmembers of the Woodlawn community inthe planning and opération of the Center,a viable link between the University andthe neighborhood will be established."The Center's major programs will in-clude day care, child welfare, and maternai and child health. Among the agencieswhich will participate in the Center arethe Illinois Department of Children andFamily Services, the Cook County Department of Public Aid, and the ChicagoBoard of Health. Each agency will bearthe cost of its program and regular staff.SSA will provide a specialist for eachmajor service for program development,coordination, and liaison.Are School Boards Rightfor Their Job?The ability of school boards to copewith problems in urban éducation willundergo close scrutiny in a study of edueational decision-making launched thismonth with the help of a $790,000 grantfrom the Danforth Foundation.The study will attempt to identify thecrucial questions confronting major cityschool Systems, the gênerai process of governing the Systems, and relations between school boards and superintendents,mayors, city councilmen, and other public officiais. School boards originated in asmall town background and now, in majorurban centers, must struggle with vastlycomplex social, political, and économieproblems relating to éducation.Researchers from The University ofChicago, Harvard, New York and OhioState Universities, and the ClaremontCollèges will take part in a twenty-sevenmonth study of edueational decision-making in four major cities: Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York.Paul E. Peterson, Assistant Professorof Education and Political Science, andTom Williams, Research Associate inEducation, along with graduate students,will represent the University in the study.Luvern L. Cunningham, former Professorof Education at Chicago and now Deanof the Collège of Education at Ohio State,is Coordinator of the project.Médical Alumni Awardsto Coggeshall and ReedDr. Lowell T. Coggeshall, a Trustée andVice-Président Emeritus of the University,and Dr. Clarence C. Reed, MD'25, a plastic surgeon in Compton, Calif., in Junewere presented Gold Key Awards by theMédical Alumni Association at its annualbanquet at the Pick-Congress Hôtel, Chicago.Dr. Coggeshall was honored for hismany contributions to médical scienceand médical éducation in the UnitedStates and, in particular, for his manyyears of devoted service to medicine atChicago as a faculty member, adminis-trator, and Trustée.Dr. Reed was cited for his attainmentsas a plastic surgeon and for his contributions to médical éducation through gen-erous donations to building programs atthe University of Chicago and the University of California at Los Angeles.Dr. Coggeshall's most récent concernhas been the revision of practices in médical éducation to meet expected critical25shortages of personnel in health-relatedfields in the United States. The "Coggeshall Report," prepared for the Association of American Médical Collèges in1965, already has had great impact onplanning in médical schools across thecountry.Recently Dr. Reed has made substantialfinancial contributions to support edueational institutions in the United States. In1959 he established the Clarence C. ReedMémorial Trust Fund, which distributesits income to Mount Union Collège, Alliance, Ohio, and The University ofChicago. In 1966 Dr. Reed pledged$2,000,000 to The University of Chicagofor a new surgical building.New Diet May Starve CancerA new diet that helps control cancer by"starving" diseased cells is under investigation at the University Clinics. Dr. Albert B. Lorincz, '44, MD'46, Professor ofObstetrics and Gynecology, reported thestudies to the récent American MédicalAssociation's Multidiscipline ResearchForum in Atlantic City.Cancer cells require more of the essential amino acid, phenylalanine, thanhealthy cells. By carefully adjusting theintake of the amino acid to the amountrequired for healthy cells, the cancer cellsare effectively deprived of their nutrition— and they starve.Twenty cancer patients using the dietfor more than three months hâve shown"objective remission" of the disease andhâve been "relatively free of disability"while on the diet, according to the report,co-authored by Robert E. Kuttner, Research Associate in the Department ofObstetrics and Gynecology.The patients had terminal cancer andcould not be helped by other treatment,such as surgery, chemotherapy, or irradiation. Eleven of the twenty eventually diedin spite of improvements in their condition brought about by diet."The diet is not a cure for cancer, butis an effective palliative regimen which isintended to provide an opportunity to in- stitute thérapies not previously possiblewith thèse patients," Dr. Lorincz said. "Anumber of the patients hâve improvedsufficiently so that chemotherapy and irradiation could be begun."The diet, containing a strictly limitedamount of phenylalanine, consists of aspecially prepared protein material sup-plemented by'foods containing only smallamounts of the amino acid. For reasonsnot yet known, the cancer cells appear tobe less able than normal cells to adjust tothe limited amount of phenylalanine pro-vided by the diet.Because phenylalanine is an essentialamino acid which normal cells of the bodymust hâve to remain healthy, the amountin the diet must be carefully regulated foreach patient.The patients had a number of types ofcancer aff ecting various parts of the body.Studies are under way to détermine whichtypes are most susceptible to the diet.In Lorincz's and Kuttner's experiments,enough phenylalanine is provided in thediet to maintain the normal cells of thebody in a healthy state. Dr. Lorincz be-lieves that this is an essential requirementof the diet therapy because "only healthytissue may hâve the ability to successfullycompete with the tumor for the aminoacid in short supply."The report cites a number of possibleadvantages dietary limitation may hâveover other forms of cancer therapy:— Processes which may reduce the ef-fectiveness of chemotherapy would notaffect the limited diet treatment. Chemo-therapeutic agents, for example, may bemodified by the body so that they are non-toxic to cancer cells, or the cancer cellsmay be able to adapt to the présence ofthèse agents.— The restriction of an essential aminoacid in the diet is not accompanied bytoxic or debilitating side effects, as areradiation and some carcinostatic drugs.— Any undesirable nutritional effectscan generally be readily overcome by reintroduction of a normal diet.Work on the diet is still in the expérimental stage. Dr. Lorincz said that he hopes other investigators will carry outresearch with similar diets to explore theirusefulness in cancer control.Research Explosionin Population BiologyWhy is it that 99.999 percent of ailplant and animal species that hâve ap-peared on earth are now extinct? Shouldthere be government régulation of theuse of pesticides? Can social and économie planners adequately foresee theneed of future générations for housing,schools, hospitals, transportation, waterresources?A five-year Ford Foundation grant of$1,036,000 will help the University's program in population biology to conduct research which may provide answers tôthèse questions. Ford also gave $372,000to Princeton and $200,000 to the University of Pennsylvania for research in thesame area.The new grant will enable the University to increase its faculty and studentsin the field of population biology, to bringvisiting faculty hère for short periods, andto begin student-exchange programs withother institutions. The program is directedby Zoology Professors Richard C. Lewon-tin and Thomas Park, SB'30, PhD'32.Lewontin also is Associate Dean of theDivision of the Biological Sciences.Population biology is the study of thegrowth, make-up, interaction, and évolution of groups of animais and plants ofdifférent species. Lewontin says that"some of the most obvious and generallyimportant questions in biology belong inthfs realm and remain unanswered. Oneof the most striking f acts of life is the vastdiversity of numbers and kinds of or-ganisms. Why are some species Worldwide yet rare and others restricted to avery small range yet tremendously abun-dant there? Why, in fact, are there différent species at ail?"Président Beadle, commenting on theFord Foundation Grant, said: "We arevery pleased that the' Foundation hastaken note of our already strong program26in this area and is helping in such a signifiant way to accelerate its growth."Professor Thomas Parle for manyyears has been responsible for a mostfruitful program in expérimental population ecology. Richard Lewontin, whojoined the faculty three years ago, is es-pecially interested in the analysis of therelationship of genetic factors to population ecology. Within the past few monthswe hâve added two faculty members inthe gênerai field of population biology —Richard Levins, Associate Professor ofMathematical Biology, and Monte Lloyd,Associate Professor of Zoology."Everyone interested in the gênerai development of the biological sciences in theUnited States will recognize the wisdomof the Ford Foundation in selecting thefield of population biology for this kindof major support."New Child DevelopmentStudy CenterAn Early Education Research Centerhas been established at the GraduateSchool of Education with the aid of a$300,000 grant from the Bureau of Research of the U.S. Office of Education.Research at the Center will consistmainly of biological, psychological, andenvironmental studies of the developmentof children from birth through the earlyschool years.Roald F. Campbell, Dean of the Graduate School of Education, said: "Everyonehas recognized, though often passively,that influences acting on a child before heenters the first years of schooling hâve adécisive effect on his interest and abilityin learning. . . ."Until recently, comparatively little hasbeen done about finding out how tochange thèse early influences so that theywill be constructive, or how to offset themwhen they are impediments to learning.We must consider home and communityinfluences on learning, as well as the influences provided in schools, if we are toattack the problem at a fundamentallevel." Studies at the center include intellectualgrowth, language development, behaviorin the classroom, the interaction betweenchildren and teachers, mother and childrelationships, and the improvement andstandardization of investigative researchmethods.The center is one of six units of theNational Laboratory in Early ChildhoodEducation, which was formed early thisyear by the U.S. Office of Education.Alumnus Named Press DirectorMorris Philipson, '49, AM'52, authorand editor of scholarly publications, hasbeen appointed Director of The University of Chicago Press.Philipson joined the University Pressas executive editor in September, 1966.He came from Basic Books where he wassenior editor. Previously, he was co-editorof the Modem Library and of VintageBooks and a member of the editorialboards of Random House, Inc., and ofPanthéon Books. The new director haswritten a novel and a book for teen-agereaders, and he is the editor of severalscholarly works.Philipson succeeds Roger W. Shugg,who took early retirement to become Director of the University of New MexicoPress.In announcing the appointment, Président George W. Beadle said: "The booksand scholarly journals of The Universityof Chicago Press are read wherever scholars assemble and its publications are sym-bols of excellence."Morris Philipson is a talented and ac-complished editor who will carry on a finetradition and take full advantage of thechallenge and opportunity The Universityof Chicago Press offers."Philipson was a Teaching Fellow in thehumanities program in the Collège of TheUniversity of Chicago in 1952. He studiedat the University of Paris and in 1956-57he was a Fulbright Fellow at the University of Munich. He received his PhD inphilosophy from Columbia University in1959. The University of Chicago Press an-nually publishes some 1 50 scholarly booksand 30 learned journals. Over 5,000 bookshâve been published by the Press duringthe last 75 years, and more than 1,800are still in print. In 1956 the Press begana large-scale program of publishing scholarly paperbacks. The list of Phoenix titleshas grown now to more than 300, andmore than 1 ,000,000 copies are sold eachyear. Chicago's is the largest universitypress in the nation in terms of annual salesvolume.Bigelow Law Chair EstablishedProvost Edward H. Levi has announcedthe establishment of the Harry A. BigelowProfessorship in Law in honor of the légalscholar and former dean of the LawSchool who died in 1 950. The first récipient is Grant Gilmore, Professor of Law.Phil C. Neal, Dean of the Law School,said: "Mr. Bigelow left a legacy of légalscholarship at the University. His consid-erate nature and his genius for stating thelaw in everyday language were magnetsfor class after class."Mr. Bigelow provided funds in his willfor the endowment of the professorship.An authority on the law of real andpersonal property, conflicts of law, andfuture interests, Bigelow was the author27of several books on thèse and other légalsubjects.He was a noted collector of Japaneseprints and a big-game hunter and explorer. In 1924 and 1925 he was one ofthe first men to cross the unexplored Bel-gian Congo west of Lake Edward.After receiving his AB (1896) and LLB(1899) degrees from Harvard University,Mr. Bigelow taught criminal law at Harvard in 1900. He then practiced law inBoston and Honolulu, before being ap-pointed Assistant Professor of Law in thethen two-year-old University of ChicagoLaw School in 1904.Mr. Bigelow was appointed Dean ofthe Law School in 1929 and became theJohn P. Wilson Professor of Law in 1933.He served as Dean until 1940 and re-mained on the Law School faculty untilhis death.Since 1938, Mr. Bigelow's name hasbeen associated with an innovation in légaléducation. Each year young lawyers arenamed Bigelow Teaching Fellows and In-slructors at the University. They hold therank of instructor in the Law School andassist first-year law students in légal research, oral argument, and writing.Metals Institute Renamed inHonor of James FranckThe ïnstitute for the Study of Metalshas been renamed in honor of the lateJames Franck, Nobel lauréate and formermember of the University faculty.A. Adrian Albert, Dean of the Divisionof the Physical Sciences, said: "Thechange of name, as well as honoringJames Franck, serves notice that the Institute is not oriented solely toward metal-lurgy, but rather conducts studies on avariety of subjects in physics and chemis-try."Mr. Franck, a Nobel Lauréate in Physics, was a member of the Chicago facultyfor a quarter of a century. He and GustaveHertz were awarded the 1925 Nobel Prizein Physics for "their discovery of the lawsgoverning the impact between an électronand an atom." A leading theorist in the field of photo-synthesis, Franck died May 21, 1964, inGottingen, Germany, at the âge of 81.During World War II, he shared in thework of studying plutonium at the University as Director of the Chemistry Division of the Metallurgical Project, whichsucceeded in harnessing nuclear energy.The Institute for the Study of Metalswas founded in 1946 as an interdiscipli-nary laboratory to study the properties ofsolids, especially metals. Since that time,the faculty — composed of chemists andphysicists — has conducted research on agreat variety of subjects. The areas ofstudy range from analysis of the propertiesof imperfections in metals to chemicalkinetics and the study of liquid hélium.George Williams BuildingBecomes Boucher HallGeorge Williams Hall, a men's dormi-tory, has been renamed Chauncey S.Boucher Hall, in honor of the late Deanof the Collège. The Board of Trustéesvoted in June to change the name.The dormitory, located at 915 East53rd Street, houses approximately 100maie students. It formerly was the mainbuilding of George Williams Collège,which sold its Hyde Park campus to theUniversity in 1965.In addition to rooms for students, thesix-story building, built in 1919, has anauditorium, a library, two gymnasiums, aswimming pool with locker rooms, andcentral dining facilities.Chauncey S. Boucher joined the facultyin 1923 as a Professor of American His-tory and served as Dean of the Collègefrom 1925 to 1935. He was the Présidentof West Virginia University from 1935 to1938 and of the University of Nebraskafrom 1938 to 1947.The author of several books on American History, he served as président of theMississippi Valley Historical Associationand was a Fellow of the Royal HistoricalSociety. From 1947 until his retirementin 1952, he taught at Knox Collège, Gales-burg, Illinois. He died in 1955. PeopleDr. Wright Adams, Professor of Medi-cine and Associate Dean and Chief of theClinical Stafï of the Division of the Biological Sciences, has been named Executive Director of the new Heart Disease,Cancer, and Stroke Régional PlanningProgram for Illinois.Cari F. Chapman, Assistant Secretaryof the Board of Trustées, has been electedan Assistant Treasurer of the University.In this position, Chapman is concernedwith the real estate investment portfolioof the University.Patricia Ann Chase, a graduate studentin the Department of Psychology, wasawarded the $200 Gellhorn Prize in Neu-rophysiology in June for her research onthe investigation of the behavioral répertoire of animais with brainstem and dien-cephalic lésions that show changes inaminé content of their brains followingsuch lésions.Jack D. Cowan, an authority on themathematical analysis of brain function,has been appointed Professor and Chairman of the Committee on MathematicalBiology. Before his appointment, Cowan28was a Visiting Scientist in the AutonomiesDivision of the National Physical Laboratory at Teddington, Middlesex, Eng-land. He succeeds Herbert D. Landahlwho has been Acting Chairman of theCommittee since 1965.Allison Davis, PhD'42, a pioneer in research on cultural influences upon learning and in the study of ego developmentin adolescence and young adulthood, hasbeen elected a Fellow of the AmericanAcademy of Arts and Sciences. Davis isProfessor of Education and a member ofthe Committee on Human Development.Dr. Tibor G. Farkas, Assistant Professor of Surgery (Ophthalmology ) , has beennamed a Research Career DevelopmentAwardee of the National Institute of Neu-rological Diseases and Blindness, NationalInstitutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Dr.Farkas is currently investigating the formation of cataracts in individuals* suffer-ing from diabètes.George Edward Fee, Jr., JD'63, Director of Placement at the Law School, wasnamed Dean ôf Students of the LawSchool. He will continue to serve as Director of Placement.Dr. Humberto Fernandez-Moran, Professor of Biophysics, has received theClaude Bernard Medal of the Institute ofExpérimental Medicine and Surgery atthe University of Montréal. He was hon-ored for research on the cell structurecarried out with the aid of an électronmicroscope.Dr. Alexander Gottschalk, an author-ity on the use of radioactive isotopes inmedicine, has been named Director of theArgonne Cancer Research Hospital, op-erated by the University for the UnitedStates Atomic Energy Commission. Dr.Gottschalk is an Associate Professor ofRadiology and Chief of the Section ofNuclear Medicine at the University. Hesucceeds Dr. Léon O. Jacobson, Dean ofthe Division ôf the Biological Sciences.Jeffrey L. Grausam, a third-year lawstudent, in June was selected as Éditor-in-Chief of The University of Chicago LawReview for the 1967-68 académie year.Grausam succeeds George P. Felleman.Edward M. (Ted) Haydon, '33, AM'54, Track Coach and Associate Professor ofPhysical Education, is one of three American track coaches who accompanied aU.S. track and field team on a Europeantour in August.Dr. Charles B. Huggins, 1966 NobelLauréate in Physiology and Medicine, hasbeen named the 1967 "Chicagoan of theYear" by the Chicago Junior Associationof Commerce and Industry.Morris Janowitz, PhD'48, Professor ofSociology, has been appointed Chairmanof the Department of Sociology. Janowitz,a specialist in political sociology, suc-ceeded Nathan Keyfitz, who is devotingfull time to teaching and research andthe completion of two books now in progress. Janowitz is an authority on civil-military relations, urban problems, inter-groups relations and social change. Amonghis publications are The Professional Sol-dier: A Political and Social Portrait (1960)and The Military in the Political Development of New Nations (1964).Dr. Hilger Perry Jenkins, '23, MD'27,Professor of Surgery, has received the$500 McClintock Award, given annuallyto the School of Medicine faculty member selected as an outstanding teacher bythe graduating class.F. Régis Kenna, MBA'66, and DanaR. Lundquist, MBA'66, hâve been pro-moted from Administrative Assistants toAssistant Superintendents of the University Hospitals and Clinics.Richard K. Lashof, a specialist in dif-ferential geometry and differential topol-ogy, has been appointed Chairman of theDepartment of Mathematics. He succeedsIrving Kaplansky, Professor of Mathematics and Chairman of the Collège mathematics staff.Monte Lloyd, PhD'57, an authority onecology, has been appointed an AssociateProfessor of Zoology. Lloyd, previouslyan Assistant Professor of Zoology atUCLA, has conducted field and laboratoryresearch on insect populations and hasstudied theoretical problems of animal distribution.Théodore J. Lowi, Associate Professorof Political Science, George W. Platzman,Professor of Meteorology, and Edward W. Rosenheim, Jr., Professor of English andof Collège Humanities, hâve been awardedGuggenheim Fellowships for 1967. TheFellowships are awarded by the JohnSimon Guggenheim Mémorial Foundationto persons of the highest capacity forscholarly and scientifîc research as shownby their previous contributions to knowl-edge, and to persons of outstanding anddemonstrated créative ability in the finearts.Rolf Luft of the Department of Endoc-rinology and Metabolism at the KarolinskaSjukhuset in Stockholm, Sweden, deliv-ered the seventh annual Anton J. GarlsonMémorial Lecture at Chicago on May 16.The lecture was entitled "A What is In-herited-What is Added' Theory of theDevelopment of Diabètes Mellitus."Lucy Ann Marx, PhD'65, has been appointed Director of the Center for Con-tinuing Education. Mrs. Marx was Program Director at the Center.Soia Mentschikoff, Professor of Law,received an honorary LLD from SmithCollège at its June convocation.Dr. John F. Mullan, Professor of Neu-rosurgery, has been appointed Director ofthe Division of Neurosurgery in the Department of Surgery. Dr. Mullan suc-ceeded Dr. Joseph P. Evans, who is nowdevoting full time to teaching and to hisclinical research program in head injuries.Robert S. Mulliken, 1966 Nobel Prizewinner in Chemistry, in June received anhonorary Doctor of Science degree^ fromCambridge University, England.Dr. Walter Palmer, SB'18, SM'19,MD'21, PhD'26, a Richard T. Crâne Professor of Medicine Emeritus, received theannual award of the Gastro-Intestinal Research Foundation for 1967.Max Rheinstein, the Max Pam Professor of Law, received the 1967 annual dis-tinguished service award, given by theBoard of Governors of the AmericanAcademy of Matrimonial Lawyers.John W. Rippon, Assistant Professorof Dermatology, reported in June the dis-covery of the toxic agent responsible fora human f ungus disease prévalent in tropical countries. The toxic agent, an enzymecalled "collagenase," causes maduramyco-29sis, resulting in severe bone and tissuedamage. The report, co-authored by Bf*Gary L. P©ck9 former résident of TheUniversity of Chicago Médical School, isbelieved to be the first in which a spécifieenzyme has been definitely shown to beresponsible for the toxic effects of a micro-organism.©jr» J©ta H. Krastt, PhB'56, Professor ofPharmacology, has been named Directorof the A. J. Carlson Animal Research Fa-cility, now under construction adjacent toAbbott Hall. Dr. Rust will succeed DFoNathan IL BreweFo superintendent of theprésent Central Animal Quarters, whenthe new facility is completed in 1968.Edward Sturidevricz, AM'51, Professorof Slavic Linguistics, has been namedChairman of the Department of SlavicLanguages and Literatures. Stankiewiczsucceeds Hngtt MdLeam9 who returns tofull-time teaching and research.J. AMe Tliomas9 Associate Professor ofEducation and Assistant Director of theUniversity's Midwest Administration Center, has been appointed Director of theCenter. Thomas succeeds Lweirm L» Cube-imiBïigtara9 who resigned to become Deanof the Collège of Education at Ohio StateUniversity. Thomas also succeeds Cun-ningham as Chairman of the Spécial Fieldof Edueational Administration in the University's Department of Education.JFoM M» Wallacc, an authority on 17thcentury English literature, has been appointed Professor of English. Formerlyan Associate Professor of English at JohnsHopkins University, Wallace is the authorof Destiny His Choice: The Loyalism ofAndrew Marvell, and of numerous articlesand reviews in scholarly journals.Karl J. Weintraub, '49, AM'52, PhD'57,an authority on the development of historical thought, has been appointed theThomas E. Donnelley Associate Professorof History in the Collège.Samrael B. Weiss, an authority in thefield of nucleic acid biochemistry, has beennamed Associate Director of the ArgonneCancer Research Hospital. Weiss, a Professor of Biochemistry at the Universityand in the Argonne Cancer Research Hospital, succeeds Bf8 Paul V» Maiper.30 Fay IffiDirtam SawyïeirLike Chaucer's Oxford cleric, FaySawyier "would gladly learn, gladlyteach," especially in philosophy. Unlikethe clerk, she is concerned with the worldaround her. "If you aren't blind orblunted, you can't help but notice theneeds of other people."Fay Horton (Mrs. Calvin P.) Sawyier,'44, PhD'64, the new président of theAlumni Association, is an assistant professor of philosophy at Illinois Institute ofTechnology (HT)."It was a pure act of grâce that I en-joy teaching so much. I had gone back tograd school because l'm the student type and I liked philosophy. But now, Iwouldn't like to imagine not being ateacher."Mrs. Sawyier was born in Hyde Parkon February 16, 1924. She attended theUniversity of Chicago Laboratory Schooland the Shipley School in Bryn Mawr,Pennsylvania.Although both her parents, her brother,and "various aunts, uncles, and cousins"had been graduated from Chicago, herchoice of the University wasn't based onlyon tradition or f amily loyalty."I had just fînished four years in agirls' boarding school and the obviousplace to go was Radclifïe or some easterngirls' collège. But I was looking for some-thing différent."In the fall of 1941, at a freshman mixer,she met Calvin P. Sawyier, AB'42, AM'42,a senior majoring in political science.They were married in Bond Chapel onApril 3, 1943.Soon afterward, the couple moved toWashington, where Mr. Sawyier was serv-ing in the Navy. During their stay inWashington, both took courses at GeorgeWashington University. By combining herearlier work at Chicago, her George Washington studies, and correspondencecourses from Chicago, Mrs. Sawyier be-came a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of theCollège in 1944.After Mr. Sawyier's discharge from theNavy in 1946, he entered Harvard LawSchool and completed the légal training hehad begun at George Washington. Hethen clerked for a judge of the First Circuit, and the couple lived in Exeter, NewHampshire, for a year.While living in Cambridge and Exeter,Mrs. Sawyier worked on a biography ofEugène Debs. "I just got interested. Some-body mentioned that nobody had everwritten a good biography of him, so I tried.Nothing ever came of it for publication,but I learned a lot."During the years away from Chicago,two of their four children were born, AnneTerry in Washington in 1945 and Michaelin Boston in 1948. (In 1951, their twins,David and Stephen, were born in Chicago.)When they returned to the Hyde Parkcommunity in Chicago, they found thatthere was an influx of poor Negro families,the crime rate was rising, and white families were moving out. The Sawyiers de-cided to stay. Mrs. Sawyier, who doesn'tlike to sound like a "pious fraud," is re-luctant to discuss their motives. But shedoes admit to being conscious of contributions by her husband to the University andto community efforts at urban renewal.The Hyde Park-Kenwood district now is astable, integrated community.Mrs. Sawyier became a volunteer helperin radiation therapy at Billings Hospital,where she worked two and three days aweek.In 1958, almost ail outside activitiesceased when she went back to school. Theyoungest children were in second gradeand she became a part-time doctoral candidate in the University's Department ofPhilosophy. It took six years to complèteher studies, but, in looking back, shedoesn't complain about difficulties. "Itwasn't so bad; the kids were doing home-work too, after ail. The really difficultpart was trying to get my dissertationwritten."Since 1 964, she has been teaching philosophy at HT. Mrs. Sawyier gives whatfree time she has, after teaching and run-ning the house, to the Légal Défense Fundof the NAACP. Also she and two col-leagues from HT hâve developed a program with the English teachers at WendellPhillips and DuSable High Schools. Theteachers and professors discuss classroomproblems such as what to stress in literature, or sometimes they simply talk toeach other.Mrs. Sawyier dismisses her contributionsto the program by saying, "I've learned alot from it."Mrs. Sawyier's daughter was marriedrecently and the twins, the youngest members of the family, are in prep school,David at St. Marks in Massachusetts andStephen at St. Andrew's in Delaware."My daughter, Terry Straus, taught social studies and English at Harvard-St.George School last year. This year she'steaching science in the Philadelphia public school system. (While at Barnard, Terryparticipated in the 1964 civil rights marchin Washington.) Michael is taking a yearoff from Harvard to work in VISTA, buthe's thinking of going into teaching. May-be the twins will, too. This summer Davidworked for Hans Morgenthau and Stephentaught at an integrated school in Swaziland, the British protectorate in SoutheastAfrica."In her new rôle as Alumni Président,Mrs. Sawyier is particularly interested inimplementing the récent revisions of theAssociation's Constitution, designed to increase the depth and breadth of alumnireprésentation on the Association Cabinet."Chicago alumni are remarkable for theirdiversity, a diversity not only of âge, geog-raphy, occupation, and race, but also ofoutlook and perception of what the University is like," she says. "The cabinet, ifit is truly to represent the alumni and towork effectively with the University,should reflect that diversity."Through her teaching and contact withstudents she has also developed a livelyinterest in younger alumni, who, she feels,hâve much to offer the University. "To-day's students are already involved in theworld outside the University, and they'remore aware than we were of many différent kinds of worlds. As they becomealumni, those concerns suggest many waysin which they and the University can helpeach other. The several University-spon-sored projects in the Woodlawn community, as well as the many on-campusconférences on current topics, provideexamples. Alumni participation in suchactivities should increase."Her acquaintance with students has alsoled to a rather sympathetic understandingof "the restless génération." And as aclose neighbor of the University and anarticulate, and sometimes critical, participant in its affairs, Mrs. Sawyier is not in-clined to be over-awed by institutional authority. "It's probably good for the topbrass anywhere to be shaken up a bit oncein a while — including académie top brass."Asked if that applies also to Alumni Association présidents, she replied with anêmphatic "Yes." ?31'Ut > JFacing Page: The buffet dinner in Hutchin-son Commons, August 27, preceding theCourt Théâtre performance of Macbeth. CLUB NEWSWashingtonA committee was named in August tosélect the récipient of the newly-establishedlocal Distinguished Alumnus Award tobe presented in the next calendar year.Named to the board were Dr. Richard L.Doan, '26, Harold P. Green, '48, Hunting-ton Harris, '37, Charles R. Jones, '46,George E. Reedy, Jr., '38, and Dr. RileyF. Thomas, '32. The award will be givenannually by the Club in récognition of outstanding professional achievement or service to the community, or both.During the académie year 1966-67,the Alumni Association sponsored orcontributed to 78 alumni events oncampus and in 3 1 cities :Albany, N. Y.Atlanta, Ga.Baltimore, Md.Boston, Mass.Cincinnati, O.Cleveland, O.Dallas, Tex.Denver, Col.Détroit, Mich.Houston, Tex.Kansas City, Mo.Los Angeles, Calif .Miami, Fia.Milwaukee, Wis.Minneapolis, Minn.New Orléans, La.New York, N. Y.Omaha, Neb.Philadelphia, Pa.Phoenix, Ariz.Pittsburgh, Pa.Portland, Ore.Providence, R. I.St. Louis, Mo.San Diego, Calif.San Francisco, Calif.Seattle, Wash.Tulsa, Okla.Tucson, Ariz.Washington, D. C.Wilmette, 111. COMING EVENTSChicago: October 15Duke Ellington and his orchestra willprésent a spécial concert of sacred musicat Rockefeller Chapel on Sunday, October15, at 8:00 p.m. Spécial invitations hâvebeen sent to Chicago area alumni for theconcert, sponsored by the Visiting Committee to the Division of the Humanities.Washington: October 20William H. McNeill, Professor of His-tory and author of The Rise of the West,will be guest speaker.Chicago: October 26Joshua C. Taylor, the William RaineyHarper Professor of Humanities and Professor of Art, will speak at a luncheonsponsored by the Quadranglers at the Chicago Yacht Club on Thursday, October 26.San Francisco: November 2Philip M. Hauser, Professor of Sociology and Director of the Population Research and Training Center, will be guestspeaker at a dinner meeting for San Francisco area alumni.Los Angeles: November 5Philip M. Hauser, Professor of Sociology and Director of the Population Research and Training Center, will be guestspeaker at a dinner meeting for Los Angeles area alumni. "The Essence of Othello"— a spécial production by James O'Reilly, Director of theUniversity and Court Théâtres, and VirgilBurnett, Instructor in Art— will be shownto alumni in various cities. Burnett willshow color slides of Venetian architectureand dress while O'Reilly gives dramaticreadings from the play. According toBurnett and O'Reilly, a character in a playcannot be understood fully by approachinghim only in an académie sensé.. The éléments of text, décor, direction, and performance must be revealed in their inter-locking functions in order to make thecharacter understandable.Showings of the award-winning film,"The Egyptologists," narrated by CharltonHeston, are being planned for alumnigroups in many cities. The film was madeat the sites of The University of Chicagoexcavations in Egypt, ail but one of whichwere fated to be submerged upon the completion of the Aswan Dam. The motionpicture captures the fascination of arche-ological field work, the challenging mys-tery of tombs, temples, and hieroglyphs,and demonstrates how and why men studyancient Egyptian civilization. Response tothis film has been overwhelming in theareas where it has appeared.iLos Angeles, California, area alumnae meeting on June 21, 1967: (standing, from left to right)Mrs. Robert J. Kilpatrick, Sue Barker, Mrs. Maurice Heller, Elizabeth Milius, Dr. Ruth Bar-nard (guest speaker), Barbara Crowley, Margery Cahn, Helen Glass, and Joanne Lyding Bell.33Alumni News 12Elizabeth C. Crosby, SM'12, PhD' 15,emeritus professor of anatomy, Universityof Michigan, recently was awarded anhonorary Doctor of Science Degree byThe Women' s Médical Collège of Pennsyl-vania at its 115th Commencement. She isa world-renowned specialist in neuroanat-omy. Among the honors she has receivedare the Acnievement Award of the American Association of University Women andthe Cajal Society Citation of the AmericanAssociation of Anatomists. She is an active member on many commissions andeditorial boards, including the Neuroana-tomical Board of UNESCO. Miss Crosbyhas written widely on her studies of reptiles and birds. 14George Colman, PhD' 14, a retired for-eign service officer and recognized authority on Brazilian folklore, has given hisrare collection of dolls, representing ruraland small town life of the people of Brazil,and many other Brazilian artifacts, to theDenver Muséum of Natural History. Mr.Colman had been with the Brazil consularservice for twenty-five years. The dollswere collected over a period of ten years.15Julius W. Pratt, AM15, PhD'24, anoted historian and lecturer, has writtena new book, Challenge and Rejection:1900-1921 (Macmillan Co.). Mr. Prattis a prolific writer of articles and reviewsand has written several books on U.S.foreign policy and American history. Themain thème of his new book is America'srejection of world leadership and of theLeague of Nations during the first twodécades of the twentieth century. The bookis a comprehensive history of the peopleand events that shaped our foreign policyin that era. Mr. Pratt is visiting professorof history at the University of Notre Dame.20Helen E. Marshall, X'20, recently washonored at a réception at the University Union of Illinois State University. She isretiring after thirty-two years on IllinoisState's faculty. Miss Marshall is the authorof "Grandest of Enterprises," a history ofISU's first 100 years, and she also is work-ing on a history of Illinois State's last tenyears.25Carter V. Good, PhD'25, is on spécialacadémie leave this year from his post asDean of Institutional Research, Universityol Cincinnati, to edit the third édition ofthe Dictionary of Education. The bookfirst appeared in 1945, published by theMcGraw Book Company under the auspices of Phi Delta Kappa, an honoraryfraternity for men in Education.Howard E. Green, AB'25, has beenelected chairman of the board of GreatLakes Mortgage Corporation, Chicago,111. Mr. Green is a former président anddirector of the Chicago Mortgage BankersAssociation, and has been a member ofthe board of governors of the MortgageBankers Association of America since1957. He headed the Metropolitan Hous-ing and Planning Council of Chicago from1957 to 1959 and is still a member of itsboard of governors. He also serves on theChicago Crime Commission. Mr. Greenhas been on the board of directors of theAlumni Foundation of The University ofChicago, and served as chairman from1956-57. He is a member of the CitizensBoard of the University.—Margaret Pittman, SM'26, PhD'29,Chief of the Division of Biologics Standards, National Institutes of Health, recently received a Department of Health,Education, and Welfare Distinguished Service Award. The award was given "for herpioneering contributions to standardiza-tion and testing of vaccines against infec-tious disease, which hâve enhanced préventive medicine and reflected crédit onthe Fédéral service."Mrs. Clifton Utley, PhB'26, director ofthe Midwest office of the Institute of International Education, Chicago, recently spoke on "A Religious Libéral: Who IsHe?" before the Glenview Unitarian Fel-lowship. The institute with which Mrs.Utley is connected is a nonprofit agencyadministering edueational exchange programs between the United States and ap.proximately 100 foreign countries. Shealso is a member of the national board ofthe Unitarian-Universalist Association.27 "Anton B. Burg. SB'27, SM'28, PhD'31~professor of chemistry at the Universityof Southern California, has been electeda fellow of the American Association forthe Advancement of Science. Mr. Burgtaught for eight years at The Universityof Chicago before joining the staff at theUniversity of Southern California in 1939.In 1962 he won the Tolman Medal of thesouthern California section of the American Chemical Society, and in 1964 he wasawarded $1000 for créative research fromthe USC Associates. Mr. Burg lives at 459W. 38th St., Los Angeles.28John F. Cusack, PhB'28, has beenelected chairman of the Chicago MotionPicture Appeals Board. Mr. Cusack hasserved on the board since 1964.Anne Wîlson, PhB'28, recently pre-sented a concert program of "ModemAmerican Ballet" in Holloway Hall Auditorium of the Salisbury State Collège(Md. ) . The program was sponsored by theCultural Affairs Committee of the collège.Miss Wilson has danced with the BalletTheater, the Dance Players, and HelenTamiris. She also choreographed "LeGrand Dupre" for the New York BalletClub.29Gerson Engelmann, AM'29, pastor ofFaith United Protestant Church in ParkForest, spoke at the Crète ElementaryPTA on "Pressures on Children." Mr.Engelmann has served as pastor of FaithChurch since 1951. He is chairman ofthe city church committee of the UnitedChurch of Christ. He taught sociology at34The University of Chicago for twelveyears, and, during the mid-30's, he con-ducted study tours for collège students.For the past thirty-three years he has beena marriage counselor. Mr. Engelmann isauthor of two books, Christians Are Différent and My Religion.Gladys Gardner Jenkins, AM'29, lec-turer in éducation at the University ofIowa, recently delivered the keynote ad-dress at Millikin University's third annualreading conférence. Mrs. Jenkins has lec-tured at George Washington University,taught in a junior high school, and was agroup leader at the Association for FamilyLiving in Chicago for seven years. She alsois co-author of several books.30Eleanor A. Davis, PhB'30, AM'38,received second prize as "JournalismTeacher of the Year" in a compétitionsponsored by the Wall Street NewspaperFund program. The award also includeda $500 prize. She is an English-journalismteacher at York High School, Elmhurst,111. Miss Davis is in her twenty-sixth yearof teaching journalism.David X. Klein, SB'30, has been appointed président of the Heyden Divisionof Tenneco Chemicals, Inc., N.J. Mr.Klein joined the company in 1948 as manager of research and has served as viceprésident of the Heyden Division, andhead of the commercial development départaient. He is active in several professional societies, including the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement of Science. Mr. and Mrs. Klein and their daughter, Judith, live at 98 Yantacaw BrookRd., Montclair, N.J. 31Quirinus Breen, PhD'31, professor ofhistory at Grand Valley (Mich.) StateCollège, and emeritus professor of historyat the University of Oregon, recently received an honorary degree of Doctor ofLiterature from Carthage Collège, Ken-osha, Wisc, during the 1967 Commencement exercises. Mr. Breen was granted Jane Ardmorean honorary degree on the basis of his"outstanding contribution to higher éducation as a scholar, lecturer, and author."He is an ordained minister and the authorof numerous books and articles on churchhistory. He has served as a guest lecturerat several collèges and universities in theUnited States and abroad. He has beennational président of the American Society of Church History and régional président of the Renaissance Society of America.32Jane K. Ardmore, PhB'32, has writtena new novel To Love Is to Lis ten (W. W.Norton & Co., Inc.), a book on the rela-tionship between an aged grandmotherand her young granddaughter, and on theefforts of each génération to bridge thegap of time, and to learn to respect andunderstand the other. Mrs. Ardmore isthe author of four nonfiction books andtwo novels, Women, Inc. and Julie, whichwas a Literary Guild sélection. She wasawarded the University of Indiana Writers'Conférence Fiction Prize, and has writtenfor national magazines.Lillian M. Johnson, SM'32, PhD'38,was named vice provost for student affairsat the University of Cincinnati on September 1, 1967.33John D. Davenport, PhB'33, has beenelected a vice président of The Ceco Corporation, Chicago, 111. Mr. Davenportjoined the construction products firm in1937. He has been treasurer and controllerof the company since 1953.34Noël B. Gerson, '34, writes that hislatest book, his "best and biggest," waspublished this spring: The Anthem, a studyof ecumenism and bigotry from the Edictof Nantes in 1 598 down to the présent day.Mr. Gerson is the author of a number ofbooks on great Americans.Gordon E. Howard, AB'34, a housingand urban renewal expert, joined the National Commission on Urban Problems asan Associate Staff Director on April 10, Jérôme Kloucek Clifford Massoth1967. Prior to this position, Mr. Howardwas with the Department of Housing andUrban Development. Mr. Howard wasAssistant Commissioner for ProgramPlanning of the Urban Renewal Administration until last fall when, on loan to theUnited Nations, he advised the govern-ment of Turkey on housing matters. Herecently returned from this assignment inAnkara. His government career began in1941 when he programmed défense hous-ings for the Office for Emergency Management and for the National HousingAgency. A 1964 winner of the Rocke-feller Public Service Award, Mr. Howard'scareer spans the gamut of housing— fromprivate real estate mortgage financing tocitizens housing group leadership to urbanrenewal administration to top management positions in the fédéral housing establishment. He lives at 2103 PopkinsLane, Hollin Hills, Alexandria, Va., withhis wife and three children.35 ~Jérôme W. Kloucek, '35, AM'40, deanof the Collège of Arts and Sciences at theUniversity of Toledo, resigned his administrative position Sept. 1, 1967, to résumefull-time teaching duties as professor ofEnglish. He was granted a sabbatical leavefor the first semester of the 1967-68 académie year. Mr. Kloucek was assistantdean in 1959, acting dean in 1961, anddean in 1962.Clifford G. Massoth, PhB'35, has beennamed director of public relations andadvertising for the Illinois Central Rail-road, effective June 1, 1967. Mr. Massothjoined the Illinois Central in 1935. He wasmade public relations officer in 1956 anddirector of public relations in 1966. Herecently organized the company's newcorporate identity campaign. Mr. Massothis active in community and civic affairsin Harvey, 111., including service on thelibrary board and planning commission,and membership on the School Board.36Fawn M. Brodie, AM'36, has written anew book, The Devil Drives, A Life of35Buford Pickens Malcolm Stinson Warren SkoningSir Richard Burton (W. W. Norton & Co.-Inc). The book brings to light much of themystery and misinformation that has ac-cumulated around Burton, the legendaryBritish explorer and writer. Fawn Brodiehas written several other books, includingNo Man Knows My History, a biographyof the Mormon prophet Joseph Smith.Mrs. Brodie, her husband, and three children live in Pacific Palisades, California.Robert T. Kesner, SB'36, has beenappointed director of média for the Pepsi-Cola Co. of New York. Kesner joined thecompany in 1965 as director of marketingfor Pepsi's metropolitan bottling company.Before joining Pepsi-Cola, he was asso-ciated with American Home Products,General Foods Corp., and Vicks ChemicalCo.Allen D. Manvel, X'36, has been appointed Associate Staff Director of theNational Commission on Urban Problems.Since 1946 Mr. Manvel was Chief of theGovernments Division, U.S. Bureau of theCensus. Before joining the state govern-ment, he was director of research andtaxation for the Illinois State Farm Bureaufor one year. His first Washington positionwas Principal Administrative Analyst withthe Bureau of the Budget from 1943 to1946. While serving with the CensusBureau, Manvel lectured in Public Administration at George Washington University,served as consultant to the United NationsFiscal Division, directed a Russell SageFoundation statistical program for NewYork City and, during a year's leave ofabsence in 1961, was assistant director ofthe U.S. Advisory Commission on Inter-governmental Relations.William H. Orcutt, SB'36, MD'38, recently was named vice-président of theRoseland (111.) Community Hospital. Dr.Orcutt also serves as chief of médical service for Interlake Steel Corporation'sRiverdale plant. He joined the Roselandmédical staff in 1946.David B. Truman, AM'36, PhD'39, hasbeen named vice président and provost ofColumbia University, where he was deanuntil his présent appointaient. Before com-ing to Columbia, he taught at Bennington Collège, Cornell and Harvard Universities,and Williams Collège between 1939 and1950, with time out for Government service in Washington during World War II.He joined Columbia as visiting associateprofessor in 1950 and became professorthe next year. Mr. Truman likes to hikeand paint. He has written several bookson politics and government. Mr. Trumanlives at 445 Riverside Drive in New YorkCity, with his wife, the former Elinor JaneGriffenhagen, and their son, Edwin.37Roland C. Olsson, SB'37, MD'40, recently was named secretary-treasurer ofRoseland (111.) Community Hospital. Dr.Olsson has been a member of the Roselandstaff for seventeen years.Buford L. Pickens, AM'37, has beenawarded a Fellowship for Literature andEducation by the American Institute ofArchitects. The Fellowship, which is thehighest honor the Institute can bestow, waspresented on May 18th at the NationalAmerican Institute of Architects Convention in New York City. Mr. Pickens hasplayed a continuing rôle in the évaluationand préservation of significant architecture. He is a member of the Advisory Committee on Missouri Historical Buildingsand the St. Louis County Historical Buildings Commission. His writings on architecture, planning, éducation, and historyhâve been widely published in this countryand Europe. He served as Director of theTulane University School of Architecturefrom 1946 to 1953, and he was Dean atWashington University from 1 953 to 1 956.Malcolm B. Stinson, AM'37, dean ofthe School of Social Work at the Universityof Southern California, was awarded anhonorary doctor of laws degree June 12,1967, at Wittenberg (Ohio) University'sannual commencement exercises. Mr. Stinson, who has been dean of the School ofSocial Work at USC since 1959, has beenon leave this year to serve as a FulbrightLecturer in the Ceylon School of SocialWork in Colombo, India. From 1956 to1958 he served as a consultant to theUniversity of Lucknow School of Social Work in India. During that two-year period he conducted seminars in communitydevelopment and worked with the VillageDevelopment Research and Action Institute in Lucknow. Before his appointmentas dean at USC, Mr. Stinson was professorof social work at the University of Minnesota from 1951 to 1959. 38Richard S. Cook, SB'38, MD'41, writesthat his professional psychiatrie life is di-vided between private practice and work-ing with the Section of Alcoholism Programs of the Illinois Department of MentalHealth. His wife, Suzanne, has returnedto collège.Donald Hamilton, '38, author of theMatt Helm séries, and writer of Westernnovels and stories, recently edited a newbook, Iron Men and Silver Stars (FawcettPublications). This Western anthologycontains eleven stories about sheriffs,rangers, bounty hunters, and marshalls ofthe frontier days, in paperback édition.The volume includes such writers as LukeShort, Tom Blackburn, Wayne Overholser,and Thomas Thompson, among others.Warren G. Skoning, AB'38, has beenappointed national real estate and propertymanager for Sears, Roebuck and Co. In hisnew position, Skoning will be responsiblefor coordinating the real estate and property éléments of the company's program,which is administered by Sears territorialheadquarters located in Atlanta, Philadel-phia, Chicago, Dallas, and Los Angeles.Mr. Skoning has been with Sears fortwenty-one years. He joined the companyin 1 946 as a real estate negotiator and wasnamed manager of the Midwestern Terri-tory real estate department in 1953. Since1958 he has been property manager forthe Midwestern Territory, directing realestate and construction activities in Illinoisand eleven other Midwestern states. Heand his wife, Betty, and their three childrenlive in St. Charles, 111.Thomas W. Winternitz, '38, of YardleyRoad, Mendham, N. J., has been promotedto director of The Bell Téléphone Laboratories Field Station at Kwajalein Island in36f, W. Winternitz Edwin Bergmanthe Pacific. Mr. Winternitz will be responsible for the testing of components for theNike X Anti-Missile System. He began hisBell System career with the Western Electric Company in 1940. He was transferredto Bell Laboratories in 1942 and initial lyworked on various military equipment development programs. He joined the Nikeproject in 1960 in the Data ProcessingLaboratory. He has been head of the MARSystem Department responsible for thedesign of the multifunction array radarsystem and signal processing equipmentsince 1963.39Edwin A. Bergman, AB'39, président ofU.S. Réduction Co., East Chicago, Ind.,has been named a director of The Alumi-num Association. Mr. Bergman is treasurerand a former président of the AluminumSmelters Research Institute and is a formerprésident of the National Secondary MetalsInstitute. Mr. Bergman, his wife and threechildren live in Chicago, 111., where he is'amember of the boards of Michael Reeseand St. Catherine Hospitals and a viceprésident of the Muséum of ContemporaryArt. 40Caroline Willis, '40 is the new ExecutiveDirector of the Chicago Chapter of theAmerican Youth Hostels. She has beeninstrumental in the formation of the ElliotDonnelly Hostel Club, and has been work-ing with the Mayor's Youth Commissionto form more Hostel Clubs. She has beenthe Midwest Office Manager and AreaDirector for the Carnegie Endowment,Commission to Study the Organization ofPeace and the World's Citizen's Association. Miss Willis has travelled widely in theUnited States, Canada, and Mexico. Herhobbies are collecting foreign stamps, tennis, hiking, and music. She is in the firstviolin section of the North Side Symphonyorchestra, and is the secretary of its Boardof Directors. 41Arthur C. Connor, SB'41, MD'43, an orthopédie surgeon, was recently namedprésident and chief of staff of Roseland(111.) Community Hospital. Dr. Connorhas been a member of the Roseland Staffsince 1957. He also served on the staffsat Mercy and Cook County Hospitals inChicago. He served with the U.S. Navyduring World Was II and the Korean con-flict.Alexander L. George, AM'41, PhD'58,is the author of a new book, The ChineseCommunist Army in Action (ColumbiaUniversity Press). Mr. George conductedinterviews with approximately three hun-dred Chinese prisoners during March,April, and May, 1951 as part of a studymade by The Rand Corporation for theUnited States Air Force. From thèse interviews he has reconstructed in détail thekind of egalitarian ethos, social organization, and morale-building system the Chinese Communists employed in their forces.Mr. George is a specialist on political-military studies at The Rand Corporation,and was formerly head of its Social ScienceDepartment. He is a former fellow at theCenter for Advanced Study in the Behavi-oral Sciences, and a visiting professor ofpolitical science at Stanford University.He is the author of Propaganda Analysisand co-author, with his wife, of WoodrowWilson and Colonel House.Joseph J. Molkup, AB'41, recently wasthe featured speaker at a meeting of theAmerican Association of UniversityWomen, Chicago Branch. His talk, "Bridg-ing t'ie Technical Gap between Colonial-ism and Independence," covered hisexoeriences as a consultant-technician inpublic administration through five AID(Agency for International Development)assignments which took him to Thailand,Tanzania, Ethiopia, Puerto Rico, andNicaragua. He also has served as a technical advisor in Uganda, Venezuela, andE! Salvador. 42Erwin A. Gaede, DB'42, minister of theFirst Unitarian Church of Ann Arbor,recently was guest speaker at the UnitarianUniversalist Fellowship of Medland, Mich. His topic was 'The Périls of Being Ra-tional." Mr. Gaede has served the AnnArbor church since 1961. He has beenactive in denominational affairs, havingserved as régional vice-président of theUnitarian Fellowship for Social Justicefrom 1958 to 1960. He was président ofthe Michigan Area Council of LibéralChurches, 1963; and président of the Uni-tarian-Universalist Council of Michigan,1963 to 1965. He was président of theMichigan-Ohio Valley District Organization from 1964-65.Jérôme P. Levitt, AB'42, writes thathe graduated from DePaul Law School onJune 8, 1967. He also attended his sonMichael's graduation from WashingtonUniversity on June 5, 1967.Nancy B. McGhee, PhD'42, has beenappointed Avalon Foundation Professorof Humanities and chairman of the Department of English at Hampton (Va.)Institute. The Avalon Foundation professorship is the first endowed chair in the99-year history of the collège. She wasProfessor of English at Hampton since1947. Before joining the faculty in 1945,she served as Acting Chairman of theCommunications Center and acting director of the summer school. Since 1964 shehas directed the Institute in the Humanities for outstanding high school graduâtesand also coordinated the English unit ofthe Advanced Placement Program. MissMcGhee has written articles, papers, andreviews for professional and gênerai publications. She is a former Président of theBoard of the American Council on HumanRights and a former Vice Président of theNational Council of Negro Women. 43Emily C. Cardew, SB'43, SM'46, associate professor of nursing at the Universityof Illinois Collège of Nursing was honoredat a banquet on June 8 by that institution'sAlumni Association. She received the Association^ first Distinguished ServiceAward for her "service and continuingdévotion to the Collège." Miss Cardewwas acting director for two years beforebeing named dean of the Collège in 1956.37m*Théodore MonaseeShe gave up the deanship in 1962 to de-vote full time to teaching. Miss Cardewhas been active in Illinois nursing for thepast twenty-five years. She has served asdirector of clinical teaching at MichaelReese Hospital and edueational directorat St. Luke's Hospital School of Nursing,both in Chicago.Ruth Lambie, SM'43, président of theSouthern Association on Children UnderSix (SACUS), recently conducted the As-sociation's annual conférence in Charles-ton, S.C., a thirteen-state gathering ofleaders in éducation of pre-school children.She is laboratory nursery school directorat East Carolina Collège. She joined theEast Carolina faculty in 1947. She also isserving as Mid-Adantic consultant for thefédéral Head Start Program. 44Arthur W. Adamson, PhD'44, professorof chemistry at the University of SouthernCalifornia, recently spoke at a nationaltechnical symposium sponsored by theAmerican Society for Testing Materialsand the American Society of LubricationEngineers. His topic was, "The SurfaceChemistry of Adhésion." He also wasawarded the Tolman Medal from thesouthern California section of the American Chemical Society. Mr. Adamson waschosen for the award for his contributionsto chemical research, his outstanding abil-ities as a teacher, and his continuing service to the American Chemical Society.Before joining the staff at USC in 1946,he served as a staff member of the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomicbomb, from 1942 to 1946. His currentinterest is the adhésion or sticking to-gether of surfaces. He is the author of abook, The Physical Chemistry of Surfaces,and recently wrote "Understanding Physical Chemistry" as part of a séries editedby R. A. Plane of Cornell University. Heis the author of many scientific papers.Théodore J. Monasee, SB'44, has beendecorated with the U.S. Air Force JointService Commendation Medal at CampDes Loges, France. Col. Monasee receivedthe Department of Défense medal for his meritorious service as staff weather officerto the United States European Commandheadquarters at Camp Des Loges. He isa member of the Air Weather Servicewhich provides combat and peacetimeweather service for U.S. flight activities.He was commissioned in 1944 throughthe aviation cadet program. 45Ralph E. Hoover, MBA'45, has joinedWheeling Steel Corporation as managerfor tubular products. Mr. Hoover was viceprésident and gênerai manager of ReliableSteel Drum Company, Milford, Conn.,prior to joining Wheeling Steel.George Iggers, AM'45, PhD'51, professor of German History at the Universityof Buffalo, recently spoke at Temple BethAm, Chicago, 111. His topic was "HowStable is German Democracy?" Duringthe summer of 1966, Mr. Iggers did research and lecturing at the University ofGoettingen and the Institute for Contemporary History in Amsterdam. In1961-62 he spent a year and a half inGermany as an American Research Fellow. He has taught at Philander SmithCollège, Little Rock, Ark., and DillardUniversity in New Orléans. He is theauthor of many studies on the history ofGerman and French thought.Sigurd E. Johnsen, PhB'45, a physician,has been appointed director of the depart-ment of radiology of Passaic (N. J.) General Hospital. Mr. Johnsen is a memberof the American Médical Association andthe Radiological Society of North America, a diplomate of the American Boardof Radiology, and a member of the American Collège of Radiology.Mary H. Robertson, SB'45, a child psy-chiatrist, has been an active member onthe State Board of the League of WomenVoters of Illinois for eight years. She hasserved as public relations director, vice-président, program coordinator, and isnow serving as organization chairman ofthe League. She also has been a memberof the Women's Board of Loyola University and the American Association for theU. N. She and her husband, Ramond, hâve a daughter, Linda, who enters WoosterCollège in the fall, and a son, Jim, a highschool freshman.Burton Rosner, PhB'45, PhD'50, professor of psychology at the University ofPennsylvania Médical School, recentlyparticipated in a seminar sponsored jointlyby the Neuroanatomy Visiting ScientistsProgram and the departments of biologyand psychology at Lafayette (Pa.) Collège. Mr. Rosner conducted a "Démonstration of the Human Brain" with a dissection, shown on closed circuit télévisionin Pardee Hall at the Collège. Rosner'sfields of interest are sensory Systems andneurophysiology in normal and diseasedman. Before joining the staff at Penn in1964, he spent fourteen years at YaleUniversity, where he was associate professor of psychology. He was also thechief of the Biopsychology Laboratory atthe Vétérans Administration Hospital,West Haven, Conn., for ten years.Franz Schulze, PhB'45, art critic forthe Chicago Daily News and Chicago correspondent for the magazines Art in Chicago and Art International, recently spokeat a dinner meeting of the Winnetka Associates of the Woman's Board of the ArtInstitute of Chicago. His topic was "Scèneat the Mid-Sixties," a review of contemporary art. Mr. Schulze teaches art at LakeForest (111.) Collège. 46Harold N. Graham, PhD'46, has beenappointed Director of Food Research atThomas J. Lipton, Inc. He was AssistantDirector of Food Research at Lipton priorto his appointaient. Mr. Graham was Research Scientist for Tidewater AssociatedOil Co., Avon, Calif., before joining Lipton in 1952. During World War II, he wasgiven a Certificate of Award for his services on war research projects. Mr. Graham is a member of the American Association for Advancement of Science, theNew York Academy of Science, and theInstitute of Food Technology. He, his wife,and their four children live in Englewood,N.J.Robert D. Quinn, AB'46, PhD'51, a38John Reynolds James Frakes F. M. Jenningspsychologist, has joined the administrative staff of the National Institute of Mental Health, Washington, D.C., under theU.S. Department of Health, Education,and Welfare. Mr. Quinn will administerfédéral funds for the development of community mental health centers throughoutthe nation. He was project director of theTacoma (Wash.) Mental Health Center,worked in an outpatient mental healthclinic in Seattle, and was a staff memberat American Lake Vétérans Hospital, Tacoma, Wash.Howard W. Rasher, PhB'46, AB'46,was made vice-président of the Mt. Ver-non (N.Y.) Board of Education in May,1967. Mr. Rasher is a member of the Barof the State of New York. He was electedto the Presidency of Sinai Temple, of Mt.Vernon in 1961. 47Donald F. Bloss, '47, SM'49, PhD'51,has been appointed professor of mineral-ogy at Virginia Polytechnic Institute,Blacksburg, Va. Mr. Bloss was a geologyprofessor at Southern Illinois Universityprior to his appointment. He is a specialistin crystallography. In 1962-63 he took aleave of absence from Southern to dospécial studies in crystallography at Cambridge University, England, and at Zurich,Switzerland, under a National ScienceFoundation Senior Post-Doctoral Fellowship.Manning M. Pattillo, AM'47, PhD'49,vice président of the Danforth Foundation in St. Louis, has been named Présidentof the Foundation Library Center. TheCenter maintains libraries in New Yorkand Washington open to the public with-out charge. Mr. Pattillo was an executiveof Lilly Endowment in Indianapolis, Ind.,from 1956 to 1962.Phil Richman, AB'47, has been electedExecutive Vice-Président of Martin E.Janis & Co., Inc., a Chicago and New Yorkpublic relations agency. Mr. Richman hasbeen a member of the firm since 1955 anda Vice Président since 1960. He lives withhis wife, Julie, and their three children at1349 E. Park Place, Chicago, 111. 48Kelvin M. Parker, AM'48, PhD'53, hasbeen named associate professor of Spanishat Illinois State University. Mr. Parker hastaught at Marquette University, Milwau-kee, Wis., and at Murray F. Tuley andFriedrich Von Steuben High Schools, Chicago.John H. Reynolds, S M '48. PhD'50,Professor of Physics at the University ofCalifornia, Berkeley, has been awardedThe National Academy of Sciences' J.Lawrence Smith Medal for outstandingachievement in the investigation of me-teoric bodies. The award to Mr. Reynoldswas based principally on his studies ofxénon isotopes in météorites, which established the timing of certain events occur-ring in the solar system before the earthwas formed. Mr. Reynolds joined the staffof the University of California as an assistant professor in physics in 1950 andwas appointed professor in 1961.Irvin Sobel, AM'48, PhD'51, has beennamed chairman of the économies départaient at Florida State University. Mr.Sobel has taught at several European uni-versities under a Ford Foundation Fellowship and Fulbright Lectureships. He alsotaught at Ohio State University, RooseveltCollège, and Washington University at St.Louis. He has been a consultant to variousgovernment organizations, he is the author of several books, and he has writtenarticles for various professional journals.Mr. Sobel has been régional chairman ofthe American Association of UniversityProfessors as well as other professionalorganizations.Lester W. Sperberg, DB'48, has beennamed area executive director of theSoutheast Area United Way Crusade inCalifornia. Mr. Sperberg was formerly as-sociated with the AH Nations Foundationin Los Angeles. He also served as ministerin two Denver, Colorado pastorates. Hehas been active in public relations andfund-raising activities as well as manyareas of community service and publicservice projects. Sperberg, his wife, andtheir four children live in Palos Verdes Estâtes, California.Irwin Weil, AB'48, AM'51, associateprofessor in the départaient of Russian atNorthwestern University, recently spokeon "Jews in Soviet Russia," in the Weineryouth room of Beth Emet Synagogue,Evanston, 111. Mr. Weil is executive sec-retary of the American Association ofTeachers of Slavic and East EuropeanLanguages, and is considered a specialistin late 19th century and contemporaryRussian literature. He has made two visitsto Russia. 49James R. Frakes, AM'49, professor ofEnglish at Lehigh (Pa.) University recently was awarded the Lindback Foundation Award for Senior Staff members. The$1000 award is "to honor distinguishedteaching performed during the currentacadémie year by a senior member of theLehigh faculty." Mr. Frakes joined thefaculty in 1958 and became professor inSeptember 1967. Frakes is a specialist inthe field of contemporary American literature. He is co-editor of a short story an-thology, Short Fiction: A Critical Collection. His poems hâve been published inseveral journals, and his book reviews, inaddition to appearing in the daily news-papers, hâve been published in Life andseveral other magazines. He is a memberof the Modem Language Association, National Council of Teachers of English, andthe Joyce Society.Frederick M. Jennings, JD'49, has beenelected a vice président of Riegel PaperCorporation. Mr. Jennings joined Riegelin 1952 as a staff attorney. He becamesecretary of the company in 1957, managerof pulp sales in 1 960, a sales vice présidentof the Pulp and Paperboard Division in1962, and in 1965 was named vice président and assistant gênerai manager of thatdivision. Mr. Jennings is active in industrytrade associations and is serving as président of the Pulp, Paper and PaperboardExport Association of the United States.He is also a director of the National Paperboard Association and the Paper, Pulpand Raw Materials Groups of The Ameri-39Sfttarf Hamilton M. J. Hoffenberg Steve Wargocan Paper Institute. He hves at 16 TurnerHill Road, New Canaan, Conn., with hiswife and two children. 50Alwyn Berland, AM'50, has been appointed dean of the Collège of Arts andScience, University of Saskatchewan,Regina Campus, Canada. Before joiningthe Regina faculty in 1963, Mr. Berlandtaught at Kansas State University and theUniversity of Iowa. Mr. Berland has hadnumerous articles published in the UnitedStates and Britain and also has had a number of short stories published. In 1966 hebecame editor of the Wascana Review, abiannual literary journal presenting original work by writers in Canada and else-where. He was elected vice-président ofthe Humanities Association of Canada inthe summer of 1966.Stuart Hamilton, MBA'50, has beenpromoted to Senior Vice Président of TheNorthern Trust Company. He was viceprésident in charge of the Operating Department prior to his promotion. Mr.Hamilton has been with the bank since1946. He and his wife, Marian, live at 660Bent Creek Ridge, Deerfield, III., withtheir two sons.Marvin J. Hoffenberg, AM'50, has beenpromoted to Class 4 in the Foreign Serviceof the United States. Before his promotion,he served as Economie Officer for theAmerican Embassy at Caracas, Venezuela.Mr. Hoffenberg worked with the WhiteHouse Disarmament Staff and the PublicAdvisory Board on Mutual Security priorto entering the Foreign Service in 1957.SI ~F. Garland Russell, Jr., AB'5 1 , has beenpromoted to Counsel and Assistant Secre-tary of the Fédéral Reserve Bank of St.Louis. Mr. Russell became associated withthe bank in November, 1960, as Assistantto Counsel. In January, 1963, he wasnamed Assistant Counsel, and in June,1966, he assumed the additional title ofAssistant Secretary.Steve Wargo, AB'51, AM'63, recentlydelivered the graduation address at the U.S. Army Défense Language Institute,West Coast Brandi. In 1946 Mr. Wargowas selected by the Department of theArmy to be the first student in the firstRussian class at the Army LanguageSchool, which now graduâtes 500 Russianlanguage students a year. He joined theArmy Air Force as an aviation cadet during World War II and served as a CombatCargo Pilot in the China-Burma-Indiatheater. He earned the Distinguished Fly-ing Cross and three Oak Leaf Clusters. Mr.Wargo is a teacher of social studies atWashington High School, East Chicago,Ind. 52Seward Hiltner, PhD'52, chairman ofthe field of religion and theology of thePrinceton, N.J., Theological Seminary,recently spoke at a dinner for local physi-cians and clergymen at the Central Con-gregational Church in Topeka, Kansas.The dinner, the first of its kind, was givento promote understanding between twoprofessions who minister to persons in timeof crisis. Mr. Hiltner is an ordained minister of the United Presbyterian Church.He held an Alfred P. Sloan visiting professorship at the Menninger Foundationin 1957 and also served as a member ofthe faculty for the religion and psychiatryprogram at the foundation. He is a member of the staff of advisers to the foundation. Mr. Hiltner is a charter member ofthe National Mental Health Associationand a former director of the Illinois Society of Mental Health.Richard V. Lechowich, AB'52, SM'55,recently was appointed a member of theInstitute of American Poultry IndustriesResearch Council. The council brings to-gether scientists from industry, govern-ment, and edueational institutions to stimu-late the exchange of ideas and informationand to focus attention on research that willbe helpful to the industry. Mr. Lechowichis with the départaient of foods science,Michigan State University, East Lansing,Mich. He is a member of Institute of FoodTechnologists and various societies formicrobiology. 53Hilda A. Davis, PhD'53, lecturer in theEnglish départaient and faculty assistantin the University Writing Center, University of Delaware, was guest speaker at aFounder's Day luncheon of the MontclairAlumnae Chapter of Delta Sigma ThêtaSorority, Inc. She is an executive boardmember and chairman of the NationalProjects Committee for Delta Sigma ThêtaSorority, Inc. Miss Davis served as Deanof Women at Talladega ( Ala.) Collège forsixteen years. She has served as administrative assistant to the superintendent ofthe Delaware Mental Health Institutionsand Agencies, plus several years as research assistant in the Delaware MentalHygiène Clinics. She is a former nationalprésident of the National Association ofCollège Women and former national boardmember of the YWCA.Clyde Dodder, DB'53, minister of theSkyline Christian Church, San Francisco,Calif, was recently a guest speaker on apanel discussion at the Crestmoor Elemen-tary School PTA, San Bruno, Calif. Histopic was "Our Changing Values." Mr.Dodder is the author of a curriculum bookfor the United Church and, in collaboration with his wife, is in the process ofwriting a book in the field of ethics. Priorto his ministry at Skyline, Mr. Dodder andhis wife, Barbara, served at the Bread andWine Mission in San Francisco's NorthBeach as part of a spécial project aimedat encouraging dialogue between artistsand churchmen. 55 ¦Richard E. Farson, PhD'55, director ofthe Behavioral Sciences Institute, La Jolla,Calif., recently was guest speaker beforethe Impérial Valley Collège students(Calif.). His topic was "The World in1984."Royal D. Sloan, Jr., AM'55, PhD'58,has been appointed associate professor inthe political science department of theUniversity of Colorado. Before joining thefaculty, he taught at the University ofNebraska. He also has been appointed40R. E. Petersonassistant director of the Bureau of Gov-ernmental Research and Service. Duringthe summers of 1964 and 1965, Mr. Sloanwas an analyst in the Stanford ResearchInstitute.56~~Keith A. Davis, DB'56, AM'61, formerpastor of the First Congregational Churchof Whitehall, Mich., is the new pastor ofthe Church of the Master in Des Plaines,111.James R. Driver, DB'56, director of theChristian Renewal and Training Foundation, Hammond, Ind., recently partici-pated in a lecture séries sponsored by theSt. Patrick's Holy Name Society. Driver'slecture was entitled, "A Protestant TalksAbout Unity." Mr. Driver, a parishionerand Sunday School teacher at St. Christo-pher Episcopal Church, Crown Point, Ind.,is a member of the Order of St. Michael.Ivan M. Moser, MBA'56, has joinedthe Chicago-based management and marketing consulting firm of James Hynes andCompany as a Senior Consultant, special-izing in agriculture. Mr. Moser formerlywas Agricultural Economist for the Fédéral Reserve Bank of Chicago and hasserved as an agricultural specialist on theéconomie and planning staffs of StandardOil Company of Indiana, InternationalMinerais and Chemical Corporation and,most recently, Swift & Company. He isSecretary-Treasurer of the Chicago Agricultural Economists' Club. He is a memberof the American Farm Economie Association, American Marketing Association,and the American Statistical Association.57William F. Beittel, AM'57, is doing hisPh.D. research in Zagreb, Yugoslavia forthe University of Pittsburgh. His father,A. D. Beittel, DB'25, PhD'29, an AlumniAssociation citée, writes that, while inEurope this year, he will visit his son andfamily in Zagreb.Robert E. Peterson, MBA'57, has beenappointed chief engineer and superintend-ent of maintenance for United StatesSteel's Texas Works. Peterson began his George Starbuck Gerald PostU.S. Steel career in 1948 as a draftsmanin the engineering department at GarySteel Works. He advanced to gênerai superviser of design in 1964. Mr. Petersonis a registered professional engineer inIndiana, and is a member of the Association of Iron and Steel Engineers.George Starbuck, X'57, the notedAmerican poet, has been named directorof the University of Iowa Writers Work-shop. He also was promoted from assistant professor to associate professor. Hejoined the Iowa faculty in 1964 as a lecturer in the Workshop, a division of theDepartment of English. He has writtenseveral books, and his poems hâve ap-peared in the New Yorker, A tlantic, Satur-day Review, among others. Mr. Starbuckhas lectured and given readings at collègesand universities throughout the UnitedStates. Before joining the Iowa faculty, Mr.Starbuck was a lecturer in literature at theBoston Center for Adult Education and alecturer in English at State University ofNew York at Buffalo. He was a Guggenheim fellow in 1960-61 and a fellow inrésidence at the American Academy inRome from 1961-63. 58Kenneth R. Calkins, AM'58, PhD'66,has been appointed assistant professor ofhistory at Kent State University. Beforehis appointaient, he was a member of thefaculty at Lake Forest (111.) Collège.Mendel Friedman, SM'58, PhD'62, hasjoined the chemistry department of Eurêka(111.) Collège. Mr. Friedman was formerlyresearch chemist at Northern RégionalLaboratory in Peoria, 111.Gerald J. Post, MBA'58, a colonel inthe U.S. Army, was graduated from theU.S. Army War Collège at Carlisle Bar-racks, Pa. He completed a ten-monthcourse at the Army's highest edueationalinstitution designed to prépare selectedsenior military officers and governmentofficiais for assignment to top-level com-mand or staff positions. Before attendingthe Army War Collège, Col. Post wasassigned to USAF Headquarters in thePentagon. W. Postelnek 59Donald L. Barnett, SM'59, a Lieutenantin the U.S. Air Force, has been graduatedfrom the Air University's Squadron Offi-cer School at Maxwell AFB, Ala. He wasone of 372 students who completed the14- week officer training program on April14, 1967. Lieutenant Barnett is assignedto Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, as a computer mathematician with the AerospaceResearch Laboratory and a member of theOffice of Aerospace Research.William Postelnek, MBA'59, Colonelin the U.S. Air Force and Chief of Applications Division in the Air Force MaterialsLaboratory, retired May 1, 1967. Col.Postelnek entered military service in 1942and began his first tour with the MaterialsLaboratory in 1951. The Laboratory is ascreening organization for new materialswith potential use in aerospace vehicles.Mr. Postelnek's décorations include theLégion of Merit. He is the author of abook, Aliphatic Fluorine Compounds, andis listed in "American Men of Science"and "Contemporary Authors." He haswritten technical papers and articles onchemistry and materials, and he developeda grease that is stable at high températures.Mr. Postelnek has been in military servicefor twenty-five years. He and his wife, theformer Helen Frances Dryfoos, live at1945 Benson Drive, Dayton, Ohio.60 ~George E. Bailie, MBA'60, has beennamed a vice-président of the internationaldepartment of the Food Products Divisionof Union Carbide Corporation. Mr. Bailiebecame associated with Union Carbide in1956 as a development engineer for theVisking Company, a predecessor of thefirm's Food Products Division, in Chicago.In 1962, he moved to Union Carbide'sNew York office to join the corporation'splastics organization. From 1966 until hisprésent appointaient, he was manager ofwire and cable resins.John T. Bycraft, MBA'60, has been appointed Brand Manager, Bruce Wax floorproducts, for Armour Grocery Products41Walter PalmerCo. Before his appointaient he was BrandManager in the New Products Department. Bycraft joined Armour GroceryProducts in 1960.Walter G. Palmer, MBA'60, colonel inthe U.S. Air Force and staff developmentengineer with the Space Systems Division,Los Angeles, Calif., participated this yearin a historical American rocket launching-the lOOth consécutive of the U.S. AirForce's Thor space booster, launched byNASA from Cape Kennedy, Fia., on Mar.22, 1967. Col. Palmer is part of a teamresponsible for research development andtesting of ail military space boosters. Heis a vétéran of World War II and theKorean War.61Perry L. Weed, JD'61, has been appointed a partner in the law firm of Franzand Franz of Crystal Lake, 01. Mr. Weedwas an associate in the law firm of Clausen,Hirsch, Miller and Gorman, and thenworked as a sole practitioner for twoyears, specializing in trial and appellatelitigation. He is an active member of several professional societies, including theChicago Trial Lawyers Club and theAmerican Bar Association. Weed and hiswife, Mary, live at 247 Lincoln Parkwayin Crystal Lake with their baby daughter,Heather.62Richard W. Bogosian, JD'62, has beenpromoted to Class 6 in the Foreign Serviceof the United States. He is a member ofthe Massachusetts Bar Association, theAmerican Bar Association, and the Foreign Service Association. Since enteringthe Foreign Service in 1962, Mr. Bogosianhas been stationed in the U.S. Embassy inBaghdad, Iraq. He now is serving as Con-sular Officer in the Embassy at Paris. Mrs.Bogosian accompanies her husband on hisoverseas assignments and has taught at theAmerican Community Center. The Bogo-sians hâve two children. Mr. Bogosianspeaks Arabie, French, and some Ar-menian.Frederick M. Miller, AB'62, began a two year tour of duty as a ward psychia-trist at the Médical Center for FédéralPrisoners at Springfield, Mo., on July 1,1967.Frank J. Waldeck, MBA'62, has beenelected président of the Marsh InstrumentCo., Colorado Springs, Colo. He joinedMarsh in 1959 as controller and four yearslater was elected vice president-controller.He has been executive vice-président sinceApril, 1966. Mr. Waldeck was with ArthurAndersen and Co., a certified public ac-counting firm, and Booz, Allen and Hamilton, a management consultant organization, before joining Marsh.63 ~George T. Duncan, '63, SM'64, and hiswife, Sue Hahney Duncan, '64, write thatthey hâve completed two years of servicein the Peace Corps in the Philippines asmathematics instructors at Mindanao StateUniversity.John E. Koretz, MBA'63, has been appointed manager of Systems and program-ing for Armour and Co., Chicago, 111. Before joining Armour in 1966, he was aSystems consultant for Inland Steel. Heworked in the management informationservices division of Armour, prior to hisappointaient.H. Raymond Swenson, PhD'63, hasbeen promoted to professor of businessadministration at Butler University. Hejoined the Butler faculty in 1961. Mr.Swenson also has been elected présidentof the Indianapolis Society for the Ad-vancement of Management for 1967-68.The group focuses attention on possiblesolutions to management problems andthe study of the latest management techniques and developments. He lives at 5716N. Ewing Street, Indianapolis, Ind.64Robert Dold, MBA'64, and his brotherJohn are co-owners of an exterminatingcompany founded forty-four years ago bytheir late father. Robert has a master's degree in business administration and Johna master's in entomology. The brothersstate that most people hâve "a precon- ceived idea of exterminating . . . Today weare much more scientific and efficient."Philip G. Henderson, MBA'64, has beenelected a Managing Principal of Fry Consultants Incorporated. Henderson served asindustrial engineer with Inland Steel Company before joining the Fry organizationin 1964. Mr. Henderson, his wife, andtheir two sons live at 816 Cheevers Ave.,Geneva, 111.Jack B. Jacobs, '64, was graduated fromHarvard Law School in June 1967. He willclerk for the Chancellor of Delaware. Mr.Jacobs writes that he was married on April2, 1967 to Marion Antiles from Springfield, Mass. Gary Schuldt, John Lezak, andPierre Lebreton, ail of the 1964 U of Cclass, were ushers at the wedding. TheJacobs will be living in Wilmington, Del.John Pecka, Jr., MBA'64, was promoted to department chief at HawthorneWorks, Cicero, III. He will be in charge ofthe public affairs department and will co-ordinate the company's activities in community and press relations. He joined thecompany in 1951. Mr. Pecka lives at 4443Howard, Western Springs, 111.Bruce M. Rappaport, AB'64, SM'66,writes that he and his wife, Randy, hâvecompleted a year of teaching at MilesCollège in Birmingham, Ala. A WoodrowWilson Fellow, he is an assistant professorin Social Science at the Collège. Duringthe summer, they traveled in Europe, thenreturned to regular studies at the University of California, Berkeley, in October.65 ~_Matthew A. Crenson, AM'65, has beenawarded a Brookings Institution Fellowship for the académie year 1967-68. Theprogram encourages research on problemsof public policy, and provides opportunities for scholars to work in Washingtonin the fields of économies, government,and foreign policy.Jeffrey C. Robinson, AM'65, instructorin English at Lake Forest (111.) Collège, isadviser to a new poetry-writing seminar onthe Lake Forest campus. According toRobinson, the students are learning to en-joy and benefit from frank and thoughtful42discussion of their own verse.Alan M. Wiener, MBA'65, has beenappointed vice-président and marketingmanager of Chicago's ReaLemon Co., adivision of Borden Foods Co. Mr. Wienerjoined ReaLemon in 1960. Before his appointaient, he was an assistant to the président. He also served the firm as régionalsales manager in Canada."""66Robert M. Berger, JD'66, and his wifeJoan, announce the birth of their firstchild, Aliza Ruth. Mr. Berger is law clerkto Judge Henry J. Friendly of the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.He was awarded a fellowship by the University of Pennsylvania Law School'sReginald Heber Smith Community LawyerProgram, to serve next year in the appeals-test cases division of the Chicago LégalAid Bureau. Mr. Berger writes that hiswife, Joan, had been teaching English andserving as librarian in a New York juniorhigh school until recently. The Bergers liveat 70-25 Yellowstone Blvd., Forest Hills,New York.Norma M. Brunk, MAT'66, recentlywas married to Gary Francis Sullivan ofToronto, Kans. Miss Brunk is teaching atthe Fenger High School in Chicago, 111.The couple will live in Chicago.Frank R. Herron, '66, of Spokane,Wash., a private in the army, has completed an eight-week pay specialist courseat the Army Finance School, Ft. BenjaminHarrison, Ind. Pvt. Herron trained in thepayment of civilian and military personnel, handling of travel allowances, andaccounting. Instruction was also given inbusiness law and pay régulations.James W. Little, MBA'66, has beennamed International Banking Officer atLa Salle National Bank, Chicago. Mr.Little joined La Salle as a member of thebank's training program in 1963 and hasbeen with the international division since1964.Irène Rosenberg, AM'66, (Mrs. GideonGrau) announces the birth of a son, DanielStephen, April 1, 1967. The proud parentslive at 3034 Martz PL, Saginaw, Mich. HemortalsLou Etta Brosius, PhB'04, AM'10, diedJune 8, 1967.Victor Kulp, PhB'05, JD'09, professoremeritus of law at the University of Okla-homa, died May 20, 1967.Horace G. Reed, PhB'06, JD'08, an international lawyer, died May 23, 1967.Ruth S. Sykes, '07, died Jan. 3, 1967.Holda E. Hiemenz, '08, has died.Carrie L. George, PhB'09, of Constan-tine, Mich., died Sept. 12, 1966.Nielsen Johanna Kildahn, PhD'09, diedJune 7, 1967.George Abelio, SB' 10, MD'12, of Clear-water, Fia., has died.Chester B. Hall, X'1 1, of Denver, Colo.,died April 7, 1967.Ruth Newberry Thomas, PhB'll,AM'12, died Mar. 14, 1967.Eberle I. Wilson, X'11, a retired invest-ment banker, died May 10, 1967.Winifred Ver Nooy, PhB'12, instructoremeritus in the Graduate Library School,died May 20, 1967.Frances K. Gooch, PhB'14, AM'20, ofRussellville, Ky., died Feb. 28, 1967.Rollin N. Harger, PhB'14, died May 11,1967.F. L. Graybill, PhB'15, JD'17, a retiredlégal counsel for the Farm Crédit Administration, died in Spokane, Wash., onFeb. 5, 1967.William A. Irwin, DB'17, PhB'25, professor emeritus of Old Testament languageand literature at the University, died Apr.22, 1967.Florence E. Brubaker, AM'18, ofWheaton, 111. died Feb. 10, 1967.Arthur C. Wickenden, AM'20, DB'21,PhD'31, retired professor of religion atMiami (Ohio) University, died in Febru-ary, 1967.Edith S. Hammond, SM'21, PhD'32,retired professor of chemistry at Okla-homa Collège, Chickasha, Okla., diedMar. 18, 1967.Charles D. Snewind, LLB'21, a Chicagoattorney, died June 6, 1967.Carlos Castillo, PhD'23, died Mar. 20,1967.François C. A. Jeanneret, X'23, of Toronto, Canada, has died. Mac Harper Seyfarth, SB'23, SM'24,MD'27, of Freeport, 111., died Dec. 211966.George R. Crisler, SB'24, PhD'28,MD'31, a physician in Winter Park, Fia.,died Sept. 26, 1966.Donald A. Nightingale, SB'24, MBA'45,manager of retail advertising for theChicago Tribune, died May 1, 1967.Adelaide P. Taylor, X'24, died Nov. 9,1966.Ferguson R. Ormes, AM'25, of Alex-andria, Va., died Feb. 15, 1967.D. L. Stormont, PhD'25, SM'29, ofEvanston, 111., died Apr. 1, 1967.Malcolm H. Bryan, X'28, died April 18,1967.Donna H. Hodgman, PhB'28, of GrossePt, Mich., died Mar. 21, 1967.Harry C. Muth, AM'28, died Feb. 23,1967.Tessie Weissman, PhB'28, an elemen-tary school teacher, died June 7, 1967.Margaret Adkinson Chapman, PhB'29,died May 8, 1967.„ Clarence A. Rosell, AM'29, of Indianapolis, Ind., died Jan. 10, 1967.Haie Towne, PhB'30, retired vice président of Mercantile Trust Co., died Apr.10, 1967.Lloyd Bimson, AB'31, died April 8,1967.Lester R. Hegg, MD'31, an Iowa physician, died May 7, 1967.Julian D. Weiss, PhB'31, JD'33, diedApr. 17, 1967.Léonard Jakes, PhB'32, JD'34, associate judge of Cook County Circuit Court,died May 1,1967.Mary S. Barrett, PhB'33, of San Marino,Calif., died March 4, 1967.Gershon B. Ferson, PhB'33, has died.George L. Shapiro, PhB'34, JD'36, diedMar. 6, 1967.Clark S. Shuman, SM'36, died Mar. 17,1967.Gwen Rand Bridges, AB'37, of Down-ers Grove, 111. , died June 4, 1967.Thomas K. Christie, AB'37, of Harts-dale, N.Y., died Mar. 28, 1967.William W. Lake, PhD'41, of El Paso,Tex., died Dec. 21, 1966.43ARCHIVESOctober, 1892— With no ceremony beyonda brief religious service, The University ofChicago opened its doors for the first timeon October 1 with 565 students on campus: 141 in graduate studies, 179 in theDivinity School, 175 in the Collège, and70 in "spécial studies."Student activities began apace in thefirst weeks with the formation of severalclubs: Republicans, Young Democrats,Independents, Prohibitionists, Semitics,the University Chorus, and others. Studentwaiters at the University Commons hadorganized to protest their lack of voice indetermining their days off: they wantedfree time to visit the World's Fair, whichopened October 20. A controversy overthe pros and cons of fraternity life hadbegun even before the first class met. Thepros argued that the system provided addi-tional housing, a désirable social life, andpressures to study harder; while the conssaid that fraternities were a caste systemfostering resentment between those in andthose out and taking a permissive attitudetoward poor scholarship.The University's quarterly system en-couraged many eager students to plan programs entailing year-around study. How-ever, a regular summer session was uniquein higher éducation, and a student wasrequired to présent a physician's certificatetestifying that he could do the work of afourth quarter without injury to his health.Coach Stagg began the University's firstvarsity football training on October 19.The fledgling team in its inaugural gamejust three days later held Northwestern toa 0-0 tie.The first faculty was hailed by manyeducators as the strongest in America. Inits ranks were eight former collège anduniversity présidents, including Alice Free-man Palmer, former président of Wellesleyand now the country's first Dean ofWomen.The inaugural issue of The University ofChicago Weekly carried a notice that thefaculty had agreed to dispense with académie titles in ail but formai circum-stances: "The uniform appellation of'Mister' had been adopted in mutual inter-44 course, thus doing away with ail doubtsand mistakes as to the proper title of anyman connected with the institution."Four campus buildings were completedand in use: Cobb Hall, one graduate dor-mitory (later named Blake Hall), and twodivinity dormitories (Gates and Good-speed Halls). Additional temporary dor-mitory and laboratory space was rented.Under construction were Kent ChemicalLaboratory, Snell Hall, an undergraduatemen's dormitory, Beecher and Kelly Hallsfor women, and temporary structures forthe initial 350,000-volume library and forthe men's and women's gymnasiums. OnOctober 16, ground was broken at thecorner of Ellis Avenue and 58th Street forthe Heat, Light, and Power Plant. AndCharles T. Yerkes, the Chicago businessman, had pledged a blank check for theconstruction of an astronomical observa-tory to contain the world's finest and larg-est télescope.October, 1917— World War I permeatednearly every aspect of University life inOctober, 1917. R.O.T.C. units were beingorganized, the University was purchasingliberty bonds, the Press published a volumeon "Quartermaster and Ordnance Supply,"faculty members were serving in Washington, women students were practicing withthe rifle club, alumnae were sewing for theRed Cross in Ida Noyés Hall, and enroll-ment was declining as students enlisted.Foster Hall women went on a patrioticdiet, substituting chicken for méat andcorn bread for white bread once a week,and limiting sugar to one serving per day.Fourteen female students, in a daringexperiment, were living in the new apart-ment dormitory, Drexel House.In the first of the annual fraternityrobberies, two cases marked "Edelweiss"taken from the basement of Sigma Nuhouse turned out to be soap, not béer. TheMaroon called it a "dirty trick."The varsity track team was lamentingthe graduation of Binga Dismond. Thegreat Negro quarter-miler for four yearshad been toppling intercollegiate recordsand now was in the Médical School. October, 1942-The week of October 1926 was devoted to a salvage drive, collecting paper, rubber, and métal for the wareffort. The Oriental Institute announcedcurtailed field research, due to wartimidangers and the shortage of manpowerand settled down to the study of findingsalready on hand. Proceeds from the "Hailoween Hop" at Ida Noyés Hall went tothe University Seulement for lunches forchildren whose mothers were working mdéfense factories.More than ninety faculty members wereon leave of absence for military or othergovernment war service— including PaulH. Douglas, Professor of Economies, whoat âge fifty was a private in the Marines,Over 5,000 military and government personnel had been on campus in the past yearin various training programs. Bartlett Gymwas tightly packed with three-high bunks,furnishing some of the billeting for the2,000 seamen in the Navy's signal andradio school hère. Long columns of march-ing sailors were a common sight oncampus.Student co-ops, offering lower-than-dormitory priées for housing and dining,were doing a booming business, with moreapplicants than facilities. The oldest suchorganization, the Ellis Eating Co-op, wasentering its sixth year.The University instituted a new Collègeprogram for libéral studies which excitedthe interest of educators everywhere. Thebachelor's degree would be awarded "inrécognition of gênerai éducation as re-defined by the Collège faculty." In prac-tical terms, the new program permitted ahigh-school graduate with good ability tocomplète his bachelor's studies in twoyears.The system was adopted as an edueational reform, but also partly in responseto wartime government pressures to ac-celerate the edueational process. Manyinstitutions at this time adopted a year-round curriculum. Président Hutchinsnoted in his 1942 "State of the University"address that this was a step which theUniversity was unable to take, because ithad done so fifty years previously.(continued from inside front cover)ing leader in a large number of other childwelfare agencies and settlement houses.Robert McDougal, Jr., JD'29, Chicagoattorney, former président of the ChicagoChild Care Society, attorney for the LégalDéfense and Education Fund of theNAACP, and leader in many other publicwelfare activities.William R. Ming, Jr., PhB'31, JD'33,distinguished attorney, scholar, teacher,board member of the NAACP, strategistand supporter in civil rights cases, andactive member of many public welfareagencies.Everett C. Parker, AB'35, director ofthe Office of Communication of the UnitedChurch of Christ, pioneer in religious pro-gramming for the mass média, author, andsuccessful leader in his drive for publicvoice in télévision licensing hearings.James M. Smith, MD'49, surgeon inHamilton, Ohio, member and leader ofmany health and welfare programs, whoworked in Algeria in 1963 to ease the acuteniedical emergency following the revolu-«onary struggle. William Thompson, JD'42, attorneyand civic leader in Wichita, KanSas, and,as Stated Clerk of the General Assemblyof the United Presbyterian Church, oneof the principal lay leaders in the religiousworld.THE PROFESSIONALACHIEVEMENT AWARDSBenjamin O. Davis, Jr., X'32, Lieutenant General in the United States Air Force,Chief of Staff of the United Nations Com-mand in Korea, and former professor ofmilitary science at Tuskegee Institute.Laura Bergquist Knebel, AB'39, senioreditor of Look magazine, reporter andcommentator on Latin America and theCuban révolution, chronicler of the familylife of Président John F. Kennedy, andholder of numerous major journalismawards.Katharine Kuh, AM'28, art critic, teacher, curator, author, advisor to art muséumsand collectors, friend of deserving unrec-ognized artists, and leader in the move-ments to give récognition to modem artand to bring ail art closer to the public.Benjamin Mays, AM'25, PhD'35, presi- Above: Philip C. White, former présidentof the Alumni Association (at microphone),presenting the Howell Murray Awards.dent of Morehouse Collège, former Deanof the Howard University School of Religion, and internationally known teacher,religious leader, author, and lecturer.Cari O. Sauer, PhD'l 5, Professor Emeritus of Geography at the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley, author, distinguished researcher, former président ofthe Association of American Geographers,and leader in land conservation work.THE HOWELL MURRAY AWARDSThe ten award-winning alumni receivedcash awards from the Howell MurrayFund at the student Honors Assembly,held before graduation. At the Reunionluncheon, shortly after convocation, theywere presented with medallions from theAlumni Association. The ten were: LéonBotstein, Patricia Doede, Julia Fremon,Carol Gutstein, Tom Heagy, MichaelKlowden, Douglas Petersen, Jane Stein-fels, Richard Stone, and Heather Tobis.Age cannotwither her,nor customstaleHer infinitévarietyWe mean SCHOLARSHIP, of course.We married her seventy-f ive yearsago and eherish her more every year.Hère are some of the fruitsof our union. 1899 JOHN DEWEYThe School and Society1906-7 JAMES H. BREASTEDAncien! Records of Egypt, 5 vols.1907 ALBERT A. MICHELSONLight Waves and Their Uses1913 JACQUES LOEBArtificial Parthenogenesis and Fertilization1917 ROBERT A. MILUKANThe Electron1923 EDGAR J. GOODSPEEDThe New Testament: An American Translation1927 FREDERICK THRASHERThe Gang1930 ROBERT REDFIELDTepoztldn: A Mexican Village1937 ROBERT J. BRAIDWOODMounds in the Plain of Antioch1939 E. FRANKLIN FRAZIERThe Negro Family in the United States1940 LOUIS WIRTHEleven Twenty-six1944 FRIEDRICH A. HAYEKThe Road to Serfdom1 95 1 RICHMOND LATTIMOREHomer's lliad1951 MITFORD M. MATHEWSA Dictionary of Americanisms, 2 vols.1951-63 PAULTILLICHSystematic Theology, 3 vols.1952 WILLARD LIBBYRadiocarbon Dating1953-59 DAVID GRENE& RICHMOND LATTIMOREThe Complète Greek Tragédies, 9 vols.1962-65 ENRICO FERMICollected Papers, 2 vols.1962 HANS J. MORGENTHAUPolitics in the 20th Century, 3 vols.1963 WILLIAM H. McNEILLThe Rise of the West1963 GEORGE B. SCHALLERThe Mountain GorillaUNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO PRESS