MAY 1965Theniversityhicago^^fct-jrAnthropologist Louis S. B. Leakey at The Origin of Man ConférenceEdward H. Levi, Provost "The Héritage ofa Great Tradition''The University of Chicago is one ofthe world's great centers of learning.It is an extraordinary communityof extraordinary scholars engagedin the threefold task of discovery,training researchers, and advancingthrough éducation the culture andlearning of mankind. The work ofthèse scholars will affect profoundlythe lives of ail men and women.At the heart of the University is the faith of its founders in the power of theunfettered human mind and in the wholeness of knowledge; so a universitymust be a community in which ail basic areas of learning are representedand communication across disciplinary Unes is facilitated. The hallmarkof the University has always been its inter disciplinary nature and its faith inbasic research.Faculty, students, alumni; ail are the inheritors of a tradition for responsibilityand the responsibility for a tradition.The Alumni Fund5733 University AvenueChicago, Illinois 60637Enclosed is my gift to The 1965 Alumni Fund $_Signed Address_ The 1965 Alumni FundFerd Kramer, '22, ChairmanMake your check payable to The University of ChicagoPUBLISHED SINCE 1907 BYTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOALUMNI ASSOCIATIONPHILIP C. WHITE, '35, PhD'38PRESIDENTHARRY SHOLLACTING EXECUTIVE DIRECTORCONRAD KULAWASEDITORTHE ALUMNI FUNDFERD KRAMER, '22CHAIRMANHARRY SHOLLDIRECTORREGIONAL REPRESENTATIVESDAVID R. LEONETTI20 WEST 43rd STREETNEW YORK, NEW YORK 10036PENNSYLVANIA 6-0747MARIE STEPHENS1195 CHARLES STREETPASADENA, CALIFORNIA 91103SYCAMORE 3-4545MARY LEEMAN420 MARKET STREET, ROOM 146SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94111YUKON 1-1180Published monthly, October through June, by theUniversity of Chicago Alumni Association, 5733University Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637. An-nual subscription price, $5.00. Single copies, 50cents. Second class postage paid at Chicago, Illinois. Advertising agent: American Alumni Maga-Y'nes, 22 Washington Square, New York, NewYork. ©Copyright 1965 The University of ChicagoMagazine. Ail rights reserved. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOMAGAZINEVOL. LVII NO. 8 MAY 19652 THE ORIGIN OF MANAnthropologists confer on new findings4 MR. GRADGRIND, 1965By Wayne C. Booth8 JUNE REUNIONBig days and big doings for alumni15 HISTORY: SOVIET STYLEBy Mark M. Krug and Ida Paper18 THE SEVENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARYThe University plans a year-long célébration20 CHICAGO REVIEWA profile of the campus literary quarterly22 SUCCESSION IN THE USSRA book review10 QUADRANGLE NEWS14 SPORTSHORTS24 ALUMNI EVENTS24 CAMPUS CALENDAR26 ALUMNI NEWS36 MEMORIALSCREDITS: photos on front cover and pages 2, 3, and 21 by Stan Karter; photo on page 15by UPI; line drawings on pages 4, 5, 10, 22, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, and 36 by Virgil Burnett.Anthropologists discuss theory-shaking findings on . . .THE ORIGIN OF MANProfessor Sol Tax (standing) welcomes participants and guests and opens the three-day conférenceThe University was host on the weekend of April2nd to over a hundred leading anthropologists fromthe United States and abroad, who gathered at theCenter for Continuing Education to discuss new devel-opments in their field, especially the récent theory-shaking findings of Louis S. B. Leakey, Director of theCorynden Mémorial Muséum in Nairobi, Kenya, whoseexcavations in the Olduvai Gorge hâve attracted Worldwide attention.The Origin of Man conférence was convened by SolTax, PhD'35, Professor of Anthropology and Dean ofthe University Extension, who felt the need for a sig- nificant follow-up to the discussions on man's originduring the Darwin Centennial six years ago. Since theDarwin Centennial, several significant discoveries hâvebeen made, which were reported and discussed at theconférence: the fossil remains of a new hominid, orman-like créature, hâve been discovered at the OlduvaiGorge in East Africa; new dating techniques hâve beendeveloped which suggest that man is two million yearsold instead of the previously believed one millionyears; and over four thousand primitive tools hâvebeen unearthed, providing the earliest évidence yetof cultural behavior. Professor Tax's statement thatTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965"the new évidence and new research techniques arethe source of controversy as well as progress in thestudy of man's origin" was borne out vividly in thedebate-like character of the three-day conférence.Louis S. B. Leakey's opening talk on "Facts Insteadof Dogmas on Man's Origin" called for a serious réévaluation of currently accepted théories, which holdthat homo sapiens, or modem man, evolved from oneof two hominids, zinjanthropus and homo habilis,which co-existed about two million years ago. It isbelieved that zinjanthropus became extinct, whilehomo habilis evolved into homo sapiens via severalancestral forms, some of which— the famous "missinglinks"— remain to be discovered. Dr. Leakey based hisdissent from current theory on his studies of a skull,unearthed by himself at Olduvai Gorge, which hasbeen classified as homo habilis because of dental simi-larities to other homo habilis finds, but which, becauseof other différences, should be classified separately.This skull, called LLK for its source in Olduvai Gorge, is not related to either zinjanthropus or homo habilis,Dr. Leakey maintains.Other anthropologists, taking a more conservativeposition, disputed Dr. Leakey's view that three hominids existed simultaneously. Professor John T. Robin-son of the University of Wisconsin claimed that thedifférences noted by Dr. Leakey between the LLKskull and other homo habilis skulls occurred in featuresknown to be variable.Anthropologists are reluctant to discard the présenttwo-hominid theory because if more than two distinctbranches of hominids existed at the same time theproblem of deciding which hominids used which ofthe thousands of tools unearthed becomes unwieldy.To further complicate matters, Dr. Leakey announcedthe récent discovery of fragments of still another, as yetunclassified skull.Dr, Leakey's interprétation of his findings promisesto keep the field of anthropology thoughtfully unsettledfor some time.MR. GRADGRÏND, 1965By Wayne C. BoothIVe been reading application folders for the Collègerecently, and IVe been struck, as I think you wouldbe, by the poverty of vocabulary and ideas shown inthe personal statements offered by the candidates asreasons for our accepting them. I'm not thinking ofthe many outlandishly inappropriate responses, thoughthey were in themselves interesting. There was theyoung man from Texas, for example, who answered thequestion "Are there activities you would like to pursuewhen you get to Collège?'' with the one word, "Yes."And there was the young lady from Montana whoexpressed the hope, in her application to The University of Chicago, that she might pursue her interestin twirling. What concerned me were the reasons givenfor wanting to go to collège. "I want to be a doctorand I hâve heard that the University of Chicago hasa good pre-medical program." "I want to be a socialworker and I hâve been told that thèse days a collègedegree is almost a must for such work." Honest statements perhaps, but otherwise no less depressing thanthe many attempts to butter us up with clichés about"wanting a libéral éducation in order to live a fullerlife," or wanting to "round out my éducation beforeentering on my professional career." One young mantalked about the âge of leisure that is upon us, andhe wanted a libéral éducation in order to hâve, inlater life, something to do in his spare time.What disturbs me about thèse statements is notWayne C. Booth, AM'47, PhD'50, is GeorgeM. Pullman Professor of English and Dean ofthe Collège. "Mr. Gradgrind, 1965" is the textof his address to the Winter, 1965, Convocation. that any of them are flatly illiteràte or wrong-headedbut that they are ail so mean-spirited. Each of theapplications I read showed quite clearly that itsauthor was thinking strictly in terms of the futureuses of a libéral éducation. Or at least he thought wewould be stuck in such grooves. "I want to get alibéral éducation so that I will be able to do this, that,or the other with it." Nobody said anything like "Iwant to get a libéral éducation because that seemsto me the best possible way to spend my time duringthe next four years, no matter what happens to meafter that." Nobody said, "What a strange question.Is there anything else that a human being my âgeOUGHT to want?" Nobody said, "I want to go toChicago because IVe heard that people hâve morefun with ideas there than anywhere else in the world."No, it was ail "I want to go to Chicago because IVeheard that you hâve a good pre-med program."Pre-med, pre-law, pre-physics, pre-English, pre-life.I sometimes think, as I look at what has been calledthe post-Sputnik era in American éducation, that thereis no one left who learns anything because he wantsto know it; it is ail pre-learning. Pre-landing on themoon, before the Russians. Pre-nuclear warfare. "Education is Our First Line of Défense— Make it Strong":so reads the title of a chapter in Admirai Rickover'sbook pleading with us to Educate for Freedom. Anyday now I expect to see some educational measureadvocated because it is good training for survival ina nuclear attack: get your libéral éducation packethère, good for filling your leisure hours in the bombshelter.Pre-med, pre-physics, pre-life. Where do the appli-cants get such stuff? Well, quite obviously they get itfrom their mentors, from collège catalogues, fromarticles in national magazines, from books about éducation. When educators publish statistics proving thatcollège graduâtes earn more than non-college graduâtes, it is not difficult for students to infer the reasonsfor going to collège. High school counselors, whohâve been counseled by collège counselors, who hâvebeen counseled by graduate school counselors, counselhigh school students to get such-and-such courses"out of the way" so that when they get to collègethey can be placed in certain other preparatory coursesin order to get as quickly as possible into graduatecourses which will prépare them for a degree whichwill he necessary for good placement in a job whichwill lead quickly on up the ladder toward an indefinitebut no doubt finally glorious future. Of course, thosewho are counseled assume that we will read theirapplications with that glorious future in mind. Evenour gênerai éducation requirements, those courses de-signed to educate men as men and not merely as pre-professionals, those courses the expérience of whichshould be the high points of a young man s life, aresubjected to the same treatment. Students tell me4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965that their advisers hère frequently use the expression"get it out of the way" when talking of such courses."The way to what?" I want to ask.People often call the process I am describing arat-race or a treadmill; the metaphors suggest activityvyithout a goal, running for the sake of running. Ithink that a more appropriate metaphor for the eurent educational scène would be something like thechimera chase, or winning the will-o'-the-wisp. Ouractivities are not goalless: the trouble is that they areentirely goal-ridden, and the goal is often almost ascrude as the cash-values satirized by Dickens in HardTimes, the novel from which I take my référence toUr. Gradgrind. Mr. Gradgrind runs a school in Coke-town. The school and the town are both run in theservice of facts, and the facts are chosen in the service of what pays off .You saw nothing in Coketown but what wasseverely workful. If the members of a religiouspersuasion built a chapel there . . . they madeit a pious warehouse of red brick . . . The jailmight hâve been the infirmary, the infirmaryiiiight hâve been the jail, the town-hall mighthâve been either, or both, or anything else, foranything that appeared to the contrary in thegrâces of their construction. Fact, fact, fact,everywhere in the material aspect of the town;fact, fact, fact, everywhere in the immaterial.The M'Choakumchild school was ail fact, andthe school of design was ail fact, and the relations between master and man were ail fact,and everything was fact between the lying-inhospital and the cemetery, and what you couldn'tstate in figures, or show to be purchasable inthe cheapest market and salable in the dearest,was not, and never should be, world withoutend, Amen.We ail recognize this as so obviously opposed to whatwe hope will corne from our éducation that we mayeven think the portrait irrelevant to our présent abuses.But three weeks ago a good student said to me, "Whymust this university force us to work for grades. Idont want to work for grades. I hâve proved to my-self in the past that I can work without being whipped,but from the fîrst moment of my arrivai hère I hâvebeen made to understand that the ultimate goal oféducation is to hâve a good transcript to show tograduate schools." A teacher told me that when heintroduced into his discussion a newly published work,strictly relevant to the problems of the course butnot on the reading list, he was asked to stick to whatWas sure to appear on the examination. And whenI ask students in the dormitories whether they aredoing any reading on their own, they often answerNo; my required work keeps me too busy."Work required for what? Ultimately, for something good in the future. The student usually thinks that the future good he works for will be a good forhim, but many of his mentors make it quite clearthat they are thinking of something else entirely—the need for educated industrial management, theneed for a citizenry indoctrinated in the principles ofAmericanism, the need for educated bodies to fîll thefactories and offices of tomorrow. Paul Goodman hasreduced the whole problem to the charge that ourcollège students are a new exploited class: they arebeing used, against their own welfare, for the prac-tical needs of the économie System. Goodman's chargesare always exaggerated for effect, but I must saythat it is not hard to find talk about éducation thatcould be used to support his case. Admirai Rickoversays that we must "upgrade the schools" in order to"guarantee the future prosperity and freedom of theRepublic." The student sitting over his books at 2a.m., experiencing the effects of upgrading in the formof tough assignments, cannot help wondering what'sin it for him, and I must say that I am on his side.Though I would hope that any really good éducationwould guarantee the future freedom of the Republic,and that it might even hâve some favorable effecton the Republic s prosperity, I am convinced that ifwe plan our éducation with such économie and socialgoals at the center, we are doomed. The practicaleffects we want, if practical is the word, are changesin the quality of human beings, changes not only inwhat they can and will do in the world but also inwhat they are. The educated man, in this view, ishimself the final justification of éducation, and if thisis so the process of éducation, the quality of life ledas the éducation goes on, is a kind of end in itselfas well. You cannot, in the manner of Mr. Gradgrind,pour the facts, the proper machine-tooled responses,into the little pitchers in the hope that when theproper time cornes they can be tilted to pour themback again. Every educational step we take in thename of a future pay-off has immédiate practicalconséquences in the quality of life led by those weeducate; yet what they in fact become dépends moreon the quality of the présent moments we give themthan on our explicit plans. (IVe noticed lately thatnursery school programs, hère and elsewhere, arebeing organized specifically as académie préparationfor fîrst grade. Whether any nursery school is issuingdiplomas yet I do not know, but we can be quitesure that the day will corne. Do you share with methe fear that a four-year-old child, asked to préparefor the future, may learn more about the true valuesof his mentors than they intended?)Perhaps it is the very strength of the taint we feelin many of our académie endeavors that leads us tosearch so strongly for that other kind of learning,free, purely motivated, untrammeled by external, practical ends. Surely it is the road traveled and not anyparticular destination that justifies libéral éducation.^AY, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 5MR. GRADGRIND, 1965Surely what we mean by the free play of the mindis a play of the mind without some secret pay-off inthe future. Surely the ultimate justification of a university éducation is not something that could bedestroyed if the student's life ended on the day ofgraduation. Ask yourself, whether you would consideryourself cheated if some sort of flaming disaster struckRockefeller Chapel and took us ail to the kind ofunexpected death that may, in fact, meet some ôfus during the next year, cheated because you hadspent your last years struggling for an éducation? Isuspect that some of you would feel cheated, but ifyou would, if you do not feel any sensé that thèserécent years hâve been in some degree self-justifying,I feel sorry for you, and if I had the authority I wouldsuggest that you request a refund. Not only shouldthèse years hâve been filled with activities worthpursuing even if ail external demands were removed;they should also hâve provided you with a philosophyof life that would prevent your looking to the futurefor some sort of pay-off for the présent. Except fora handful of fundamentalist Christians, the world haslearned not to look to future heavenly rewards as theultimate sanction of virtue; but we hâve so far beenunable to rid ourselves of the kind of futurism thatsees ail of the présent as a means to some future ful-fillment.Some such thinking as I hâve so far engaged in,based on disillusion with phony futurism, has led toa good deal of expressed discontent with currentacadémie practices. Some prophets of revolt— I hâvealready mentioned Paul Goodman— seem to ask thatwe tear down the whole édifice of éducation and startover. Since the best learning, their argument runs,is learning for its own sake and not for externalrewards, then we should remove grades and otherexternal rewards. Since administrators tend to runcollèges as degree factories, grinding out grads at thefastest possible rate, the way to improve éducation is to get rid of administrators and allow mens naturallove of learning to take over. Our collèges shouldteach students what students want to learn. Somestudents, perhaps, will not want to learn anything,and they do not matter. But the pure in heart, thetrue, natural learners should be liberated.Well, such dreams are attractive. The Goodmandoctrine is a flattering one— he even flatters facultyby telling them that they too could be pure if onlyadministrators would leave them alone. It is not thefîrst time that prophets hâve told us that we arenaturally perfect beings who hâve nothing to losebut our chains. Men are good; institutions are bad;or rather, ail administrators and some faculty membersare bad, and ail students and some faculty membersare naturally good. Just set the pure learners free andthen see how they will learn!But I wonder. I wonder because of what I see inmyself and what I see in other men. As for myself,the opposing parts of my double nature are quiteclear. On the one hand, I hâve no doubt whatever,at this late date, of my genuine love of learning forits own sake. I love inquiry as I love few things inthis world; I love books and working with books; Ilove to solve problems. But on the other hand, if youask me whether I would ever hâve learned as muchas I hâve about literature— and precious little it is-without a strong infusion of tainted motives, I mustanswer "Of course not." First of ail, the PhD require-ments: with rare exceptions, I learned most at timesof external crises: comprehensive examinations,papers, and finally the PhD dissertation itself. WouldI hâve written a full-scale study, at the âge of 30,if the désire for a degree had not overcome my naturallaziness? Never in this world. I would never hâvegot started. While it is true that there were manydays, weeks, even months, when my problem mighthâve sufficed to keep me going, there were other days,weeks, even months, when nothing could hâve keptme going but the many external whips that the départ-mental patterns and my low personal ambitions provided. Similarly, I like to think that my subséquentpublication has ail been done for the love of learning:I was never told that I would perish if I did notpublish. But I would lie to you if I pretended that Inever found need for low motives like ambition, de-sire to show up my enemies and impress my friends,and shame about publishers' deadlines. There may bepure créatures somewhere who never work exceptwhen it is fun, who never write except when in-spired, who are never aided by external prods. But themen I know best, including myself, are not quite thatpure. To put it in extrême form, if we followed thenostrums of Paul Goodman and other Utopians, andallowed students to learn what and as their pure loveof learning dictâtes, it is not hard to foresee seventeendifférent forms of distaster. Many of them hâve, inTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965fact, already happened. I think that a list of failuresin Utopian expérimentation in this country wouldjïiake a very interesting study: ail of the efforts to doaway with grading, ail of the efforts to hâve the pupilJo only what he wants to do, ail of the efforts to doaway with administration and to rely, simply, on tiredold Mark Hopkins on that worn out log.You will notice that I hâve been playing that oldgame of on-the-other-hand-ism: paring off two dialec-tical extrêmes against each other. Whenever a speakerattacks fîrst one extrême and then another, you canbe almost sure that he'll mix his metaphors, abandonboth hands, and conclude on some innocuous, wishy-washy middle ground, not to say a bog or swamp,like the pre-med conférence secretary reported: toomuch overspecialization is a bad thing. But I hâvenot gone through ail this simply to conclude with acomfortable exhortation to avoid extrêmes. It is notenough— though it might be something— to say that wewant to repudiate both the prophets of pay-off likeAdmirai Rickover and the prophets of purity like PaulGoodman. Our problem is really not simply to getas much pure learning into the curriculum as possible,while rendering unto Caesar, with our left hands, thatwhich is Caesar's. The problem is to find those kindsof external goad and reward, those forms of practicalincentive that will ultimately lead to pure learningrather than building habits of mère reward-seeking.And as soon as we think hard about this problem,we discover a curious ambiguity underlying many ofthe most abhorred, seemingly mechanical kinds ofreward.Consider for a moment the standard protest gainst"working for grades." Everybody knows that to workmechanically for a mechanical average, to be recordedon one's transcript as a weapon against society, is asad business. But nobody looking at two MA candidates, slaving away through the night this past weekon their MA papers, could possibly tell by externalsigns which of them was working for grades in thissensé and which of them was trying his best in orderto convince himself that his best was good enoughto please his teacher. To work to please a teacheris still not the same as working for the love of truth,but it is a step toward it. Surely our problem is notto attempt to remove ail external motivation andorganization of éducation, as if ail students whenthey corne to us are forever divided into two camps,the pure and the impure, but rather to make the motivation and organization we provide as human, asPersonal as possible. When a student works for signsof a teacher's approval, as expressed in a grade, he maybe very close to working for his own approval, andthat is only a shade removed from working for thetruth alone. Something human has crept in. Even thestrongest student may need, at times, some sensé ofsupport from the practical world, but the effects will be very différent, depending on whether the whip iswielded by an admired human being or by an imper-sonal machine, metaphorical or literal.Perhaps a better example can be found in the phrase"working for a degree." To work for a degree in orderto get the badge necessary for working toward anotherdegree. in order to get the badge necessary to get thejob, and so on, is dehumanizing and ultimately em-bittering. And yet to work for a degree which will bea symbol of human respect paid you by fellow humanbeings who really know your work and who knowyou as a person is another thing entirely. It may stillbe nothing very noble, as compared with the greatfree moments when the subject takes over and inquirybecomes pure. But it is no mean thing.Perhaps there are some among you today who hâvebeen led through the whole process, as I hâve been,from mechanical grade-grinding to free inquiry, togrubbing again. How many of you mastered your second language out of pure love of learning? How manyof you prepared for every examination with the lightof free inquiry shining internally, behind your blearyeyes? And yet somewhere along the line you hâveagain reversed yourselves: something human has sub-verted the institutional machine, or something in yoursubject has corne alive. You wouldn't hâve corne tosuch moments without external support; if the externalsupport had been entirely dehumanized, you wouldnot hâve corne to such moments at ail. But havingcorne to them you do not need, temporarily, anyfurther external support.When I was an undergraduate I became convincedthat académie ceremony was phony, and I swore thatI would never walk in an académie procession. Con-temptuous of external trappings, I was pleased to stayaway from my own bachelor's ceremony— though as ithappened my triumph was somewhat dampened bythe fact that I could not hâve gone if I'd tried: WorldWar II had already dragged the young idealist intothe mire of Basic Training Camp. But as I later wentthrough the MA and PhD programs hère, I noticed asubtle shift in my attitude. Maybe I just got olderand more corrupt; perhaps I was just lucky in findingteachers and subjects that made the degrees seemsomething more than phony trappings. Tainted by ailkinds of low human motives, goaded by external prods,I walked to receive my diploma with a strong conviction that I would do the whole thing again if I hadthe choice. The thought didn't occur to me then, butas I look on it now I would say that if that flamingdisaster which everyone f ears thèse days had struckin 1950, I would not hâve cursed my bad luck inhaving spent four years preparing for the non-existentfuture. The quality of those four years was somehowself-justifying. The goal seemed important just becausethe path leading to it was something more than a mèreutilitarian préparation for that goal. ?May, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 7JUNEALUMNI DAYSATURDAY JUNE 12Registration 9:00 a.m.Emeritus Club Réception 9:15 a.m.Faculty Roundtable 10:00 a.m.Ail- Alumni Luncheon 12:15 p.m.Alumni Awards Ceremony 2:30 p.m.President's Réception 3:30 p.m.Campus Tour 4:00 p.m.Interfraternity Sing 8:30 p.m.1965 Fling 10:00 p.m.pictured below:The 1923 Reunion3h**rREUNION • 1965Strips of bright tickets, a complète schedule ofevents, and réservation forms hâve been sent out toalumni across the country inviting them to return tothe campus for this year's June Reunion, an affair thatpromises to be the best in years.The Classes of T5 (Fiftieth Reunion) and '40(Twenty-fifth Reunion) get an early start. On Fridayevening, June 11, they kick-off the weekend's activitieswith Class Dinners on the campus.Registration by class year begins at 9:00 a.m. Satur-day morning, June 12, in Mandel Hall corridor, andcontinues there ail through the day and evening. TheEmeritus Club Réception and Initiation ( Class of T5 )will be held in the Reynold's Club Lounge between9:00 a.m. and 10:00 a.m.Four distinguished faculty members will participatein a Faculty Roundtable, entitled "An UnfinishedAgenda: Projections and Prophecies." Ranlet Lincoln,Director of Alumni Affairs, will moderate the discussion as each scholar identifies and defines a most sig-nificant problem facing our society in the next décade.The roundtable will take place in the Law SchoolAuditorium from 10:00 a.m. to noon. Busses will be on hand there to bring alumni back across the campus toHutchinson Court, where, in the shade of MitchellTower, ail reunioning alumni will gather to enjoy goodcompany, some lively campus entertainment, and anelegantly catered Summertime Luncheon.The alumni body then will move across University Avenue to the Quadrangle Club for the Ceremonyof Alumni Awards at 2:30 p.m. with the conferring ofthe forty-ninth Alumni Medal and twelve Alumni Citations. After the awards présentation Président GeorgeW. Beadle will address the assembly; and the follow-ing Président' s Réception at 3:30 will give Présidentand Mrs. Beadle and Provost and Mrs. Levi the oppor-tunity to meet, welcome, and chat informally withreunioning alumni.The 54th Annual Interfraternity Sing at 8:30 inHutchinson Court will be followed this year by the 1965Fling, organized by the "Committee of 65," MerilynMcGurk ( Mrs. Joseph P. ) Hackett, '47, chairman, whowill be the hosts and hostesses at the QuadrangleClub, where there will be snack tables, several well-stocked cash bars, a small band, dancing, student entertainment, reminiscing, and partying, to bring amémorable reunion to a fitting close.¦ V -'¦% * -.» *• *. . .FACULTY APPOINTMENTS-A1-bert Wohlstetter, an authority onnuclear-age technology, strategy,and international affairs, has beennamed University Professor in theDepartment of Political Science.Mr. Wohlstetter, a consultant to theDéfense Department on international security affairs, received thenation's highest défense award, theDepartment of Défense Medal forDistinguished Service, on February17. In part, his citation read: "Mr.Wohlstetter has made unique andvaluable contributions to the con-ceptual framework of contemporaryarms and arms control policy, toconcepts affecting the design ofweapons Systems now in use, to thedevelopment of current modes ofopération of U. S. stratégie forces,and to the orientation and researchmethod of Systems analysis today.... ( his ) work has contributed im-measurably to the défense of theUnited States." In 1960 he was theDepartment of Défense représentative on the Acheson Committee toReview U. S. Political, Economie,and Military Policy in Europe. Hehas been a member of the researchcouncil of the RAND Corporationand chairman of its studies programon conflict in allied, neutral, andsatellite countries. During the 1962-63 académie year he was Professorin Résidence at the University ofCalifornia in Los Angeles, and hewas Ford Professor at the University of California, Berkeley, lastyear. He holds a Master's degree inmathematical logic and the logicof science from Columbia University, and has done post-graduatework in économies and the application of mathematics to the socialsciences.Théodore O. Yntema, AM'25,PhD'29, will add a new dimensionto his already-established connection with the University when hebecomes Professorial Lecturer inthe Graduate School of Businessnext fall. In addition to receivingtwo U of C degrees, Mr. Yntema isa Trustée of the University and aformer faculty member. He beganhis teaching career hère in 1923 asan instructor in accounting. Sevenyears later he was Professor of Sta-tistics, and in 1944 he became Professor of Business and Economie NEWS OF THEQUADRANGLESPolicy. While he was still a facultymember Mr. Yntema served as FordMotor Company 's économie consultant, and in 1949 he joined thecompany full-time. In April of this year he retired from Ford as vice.président of finance, chairman 0fthe finance committee, and chairman of the boards of two subsidi-aries, Ford Motor Crédit and American Road Insurance Company. Hehas been a consultant for such goy-ernment and business concerns asU. S. Steel and the War Shippin„Administration, and he serves as adirector of the National Bureau ofEconomie Research and the National Industrial Conférence Board.In addition to conducting seminarsand lectures at the Graduate Schoolof Business Mr. Yntema will "act asa sort of académie gadfly as well asan elder statesman," according toDean George P. Schultz. "Needlessto say, we're ail delighted with hisdécision to return to the University."Karl F. Morrison, an authority onmédiéval history, cornes to the University July 1 as Associate Professor of History from Harvardwhere he is an assistant professor.He has also taught at Stanford andat the University of Minnesota.While he was at the U of M he received the McKnight HumanitiesAward, which is presented to Minnesota authors of outstanding un-published works in various literaryfields. Among his published worksare The Two Kingdoms (Princeton,1964), Rome and the City of God(American Philosophical SocietyTransactions, 1964), and ImpérialLives and Letters of the EleventhCentury (Columbia UniversityPress, 1962). Mr. Morrison receivedboth his MA. and his Ph.D. fromCornell; he is a member of Phi BetaKappa, the Médiéval Academy ofAmerica, and other scholarlysocieties.Raven I. McDavid, Professor ofEnglish at the University and anauthority on American dialects, willspend the summer as a senior Ful-bright Lecturer at the University ofMainz, Germany, where he willteach a course on the aims andmethods of dialectology with em-phasis on his specialty. Mr. McDavid, who has been with the University since 1957, is the editor ofthe soon to be published LinguisticAtlas of the Middle and South Atlantic States, and is well-known forhis 777-page abridgement of H. I*Mencken's The American Language.10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965Georges Briere de l'Isle, a professor at the University of Bordeaux,France, and an expert on civil law,has been appointed visiting professor in the Law School through thespring quarter. Mr. Briere de l'Islereceived a Doctor of Laws degreefrom the University of Paris, wherehe taught from 1957-59. He haspracticed law in Saigon, Vietnam;Brazzaville, Congo; Abidjan, IvoryCoast; and Paris. He has been at theUniversity of Bordeaux since 1959.Frederick Milthorpe, Professor ofAgricultural Sciences at the University of Nottingham, England, willarrive in June to begin six months'teaching in the Department ofBotany. He will also conduct research on the relationship of en-vironments to plant growth in thecontrolled environment facilities ofCharles Reid Barnes BotanicalLaboratory. Charles E. Olmsted,'34, Chairman of the Department ofBotany, said, "Professor Milthorpe'svisit should be a mutually profitableone. At the University of Notting ham, Professor Milthorpe heads adepartment which concentrâtes onplant physiology, ecology, path-ology, and genetics. Our Department dévotes much of its researchand teaching to thèse areas." Mr.Milthorpe, a native of Hillston, Aus-tralia, has served on many international committees for research inbotany and has published widely inprofessional journals.James L. Rosier, Associate Professor of English Philology at theUniversity of Pennsylvania, will bethe Frederick Ives Carpenter Visiting Associate Professor of Englishfor the summer quarter. He is former assistant editor of the MiddleEnglish Dictionary, author of TheVitellius Psalter (Cornell University Press, 1962), and co-author ofPoems in Old English (Harper,1962).John B. Broadbent, a lecturer inEnglish and Senior Tutor of King'sCollège at Cambridge University,has been appointed Frederick IvesCarpenter Visiting Professor in the U of C Department of English forthe summer quarter. He is the author of Some Graver Subject: AnEssay on Paradise Lost ( Barnes andNoble, 1960), and has publishedmany articles on Milton's poetryand other 17th century literature.DANFORTH FELLOWS - Threefourth year men in the Collège areamong the 127 winners of DanforthGraduate Fellowships, which provide tuition and living expensemoney for four years' study towarda career in collège teaching. U of Cwinners are: Jack S. Catlin, a psy-chology student from Miami, Fia.,who is also a Woodrow Wilson Fel-low; Daniel Farrell, a philosophystudent from Chicago and a WilsonFellow; and W. Eugène Graves, aphysics student from ColumbiaCity, Ind. Mr. Groves was recentlynamed a Rhodes scholar and willstudy political science at Oxford fortwo years. Ail three can use theDanforth Fellowships after expiration of other scholarships.Under Construction: The Wyler Children's Hospital\Scheduled for completion early in 1966, the WylerChildren's Hospital begins its rise into the University skyline. The 100-bed hospital, expected to costnearly eight million dollars, will be the most expensive University building constructed thus far, andwill provide advanced patient care for youngstersand modem research facilities for médical scientists.The hospital will be named in honor of the lateSilvain S. Wyler and his widow, Arma, of Chicago.Funds for construction came from several sources,including over two million dollars from the Silvainand Arma Wyler Foundation together with a Per sonal gift from Mrs. Wyler, and endowment fundsfrom the Country Home for Convalescent Children,long associated with the University. Despite thegenerosity of many interested sources, a substantialamount of the capital financing remains to be raised.The hospital will be operated by the Home for Des-titute Crippled Children, affiliated with the University since 1928, and chief of staff will be Dr. AlbertDorfman, '36, PhD'39, MD'44, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Pediatrics, Professor ofBiochemistry, and Director of the LaRabida-Univer-sity of Chicago Institute.May, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 11BOOK AWARD-Saul Bellow, Professor of Social Thought, has received the National Book Award forthe most distinguished novel of 1964for Herzog, a best-seller since itspublication last fall. PrésidentGeorge W. Beadle said, "I speak forthe entire University community inextending warm congratulations toMr. Bellow." On his acceptance ofthe award on March 9th, Mr. Bellow said, "Literature has for severalgénérations been its own source, itsown province, has lived upon itsown traditions, and accepted aromantic séparation or estrange-ment from the common world. Thisestrangement, though it producedsome masterpieces, has by now en-feebled literature. . . . We live in atechnological âge which seems in-surmountably hostile to the artist.He must fight for his life, for hisfreedom, along with everyone else—for justice and equality, threatenedby mechanization and bureaucracy.This is not to advise the novelist torush immediately into the politicalsphère. But in the first stage he mustbegin to exert his intelligence, longunused. If he is to reject politics, hemust understand what he is reject-ing. He must begin to think, and tothink not merely of his own nar-rower interests and needs."LEDERLE AWARD-Dr. RichardKekuni Blaisdell, MD'47, AssistantProfessor of Medicine, has beenawarded a $30,000 Lederle MédicalFaculty Award for excellence inteaching. His grant is a share of$250,000, which was earmarked foreleven U. S. médical school facultymembers by Lederle Laboratories,the pharmaceutical division ofAmerican Cyanamid Co.The Lederle Médical FacultyAwards Committee informed Dr.Blaisdell that the award is intended"to increase your effectiveness inteaching and research . . ." Dr. Blaisdell dévotes one-quarter of his timeto laboratory work, which currentlyinvolves a study of chromosome ab-normalities in certain forms ofanémia and is sponsored by anAmerican Cancer Society grant. Department Chairman and Professorof Medicine, Dr. Léon Jacobsonrecommended him to the awards committee in thèse terms, ". . . thistalented individual is recognized bythe combined clinical and preclini-cal faculty as one of our outstandingteachers. . . . his major interest andtalent is in teaching at ail levels,including médical students, housestaff, and fellows. . . . Dr. Blaisdelldoes not concern himself only withbedside teaching but is instrumentalin leading the student into the laboratory as well."Dr. Blaisdell, who was unani-mously nominated for the award bythe faculty of the Department ofMedicine, has taught hère since1957 and has been assistant professor since 1958. From 1959-61 he wasChief of Hematology.Music Departmentat Carnegie HallLéonard Meyer (left), Professorand Chairman of the Music Department, confers with Ralph Shapey,Assistant Professor and Director ofthe Contemporary Chamber Players, during a rehearsal at CarnegieHall. The performances on March31 and April 1, presenting the worksof Varese, Webern, Martino, Ghent,Weinberg, and Shapey, were vigor-ously praised by New York critics,especially Shapey 's own composition, Incantations for Soprano andTen Instruments. Bringing equalpraise was Easley Blackwood'spiano récital on March 30, when heimpressed critics by presenting excellent performances, played entirely from memory, of two worksof extraordinary technical difficulty :the Second Sonata by Boulez, andthe Concord Sonata by Ives. ELEMENTS SEARCH - Scientistsat Argonne National Laboratoryoperated by the University for theU.S. Atomic Energy Commissionare probing the débris from small-scale underground thermonuclearexplosions in an attempt to detectthe hitherto unknown élémentsnumbers 104 and 105. The search isa joint venture, with Argonne andthree other AEC laboratories parti-cipating: the Lawrence RadiationLaboratories in Livermore andBerkeley, California, and the LosAlamos Scientific Laboratory inNew Mexico.Physicists had previously reliedon their reactors to produce "manmade" éléments, but the success ofthe process dépends on the neutronflux, the number of neutrons flow-ing through a given area. Since theneutron flux is many thousands oftimes greater in a nuclear or thermonuclear explosion, the tests ofatomic weapons provide invaluableresearch opportunities for physicistsin search of new éléments. Thefeasibility of this method wasproved in 1952, when the new éléments einsteinium and fermium(numbers 99 and 100) were re-covered from fall-out material andcoral débris gathered at the Eniwe-tok thermonuclear test site.PROGRAMMING POPULATION— Demographers are about ten yearsbehind physicists and four years be-hind biologists in using computersas research tools, according to PhilipHauser, '29, AM'33, PhD'38, Chairman of the Department of Sociol-ogy. "However, I think that nofuture student of population willleave The University of Chicagowithout knowing how to programa computer," he said. Nathan Key-fitz, PhD'52, Professor of Sociology,says that on the basis of a researchproject he has been directing heforesees a révolution in studies ofhuman populations. His team ofdemographers is using an IBM 7094computer to dérive detailed life ex-pectancy tables, 150-year population projections, birth rates, deathrates, and growth rates for 69 worldrégions. Eighty-six items of censusinformation from each région areused. A man working with pencil12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965Nathan Keyfitzand paper could not complète thecaiculations for a single région inhis lifetime; the machine deliversthe tables and data for ail 69 régions in three minutes and 34 seconds. Moreover, calculationmethods are standardized so anydemographer can follow them, greatamounts of data are analyzed simul-taneously to uncover new patternsof population change, results for ail69 régions are comparable, andlarge numbers of population projections can be made under différent assumptions to predict the effectof such factors as migration andindustrialization on populationgrowth. A notable by-product of theprocédure is the knowledge thatdemographers and graduate students can do their own program-ming; ail programming for basicpopulation analysis was done by"amateurs."Results of Mr. Keyfitz' 69-countrystudy hâve been published in a198-page booklet by the PopulationResearch Training Center at theUniversity. His co-author was Ed-mund M. Murphy, a graduate student who will be assistant professorof sociology hère this fall.STATE DEP'T. GRANT - EdwardA. Maser, PhD'57, Professor of Art,has been awarded a U.S. State Department grant for a year of foreignstudy, beginning in September. Mr. Maser, one of whose spécial inter-ests is late Central EuropeanRenaissance art, will go to Viennato work on the art collection of Em-peror Rudolph II of Austria, in connection with his study on the inter-relationship of the patron to theartist and its effect on the art of theperiod. The grant is part of the international educational exchangeprogram of distinguished scholarsconducted by the State Depart-ment's Bureau of Educational andCultural Affairs, and it is financedby the Mutual Educational andCultural Exchange Act of 1961,known as the Fulbright-Hays Act.DEVELOPMENT APPOINTEE -Malcolm D. Ferrier, former managing editor for the American NuclearSociety, has been appointed Associate Director of Development of theUniversity, assigned to the Divisionof the Biological Sciences. Mr. Ferrier will assist in formulating andimplementing policies for thegrowth of the University 's programand facilities for the biological andmédical sciences, including the University Hospitals and Clinics andthe Médical School. The appoint-ment was jointly announced byRichard F. O'Brien, Vice-Président for Planning and Development, andby Dr. H. Stanley Bennett, Dean ofthe Division of the Biological Sciences, who said, "The Universitymust expand rapidly its efforts inthe biological and médical sciences.Our country needs increasing numbers of scientists and physicians ofhigh excellence, and is demandingnew knowledge to help solve a hostof problems in health, agriculture,commerce, and sociology. We arehopeful that Mr. Ferrier, with hisunderstanding of science and communications, will help us achievethèse goals."Before serving for three years asmanaging editor of ail publicationsof the American Nuclear Society atHinsdale, Illinois, Mr. Ferrier wasa research officer assigned to theChalk River, Ontario, nuclear labo-ratories of Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd., and prior to that he was aresearch chemist with the CanadianPittsburgh Industries at Torontoand Montréal. Mr. Ferrier is analumnus of the Dollar Academy andof St. Andrews University in Scot-land. He résides with his wife, theformer Wendy Gates of Banstead,Surrey, England, and their four sonsat 128 North Park Avenue in Hinsdale, Illinois.m We're expecting celebrities!MMMMMMMMWMMWMMWMMMMMMMMMMMWMMay, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 13AWARDS— Letter sweaters andjackets were presented to outstand-ing varsity athlètes by the athleticdepartment at the close of the win-ter season. The award-winners andtheir coaches were guests of theAthletic Department at an AwardsCeremony March 11.At the ceremony a total of 60 U ofC athlètes, representing 19 statesand the District of Columbia, received the awards for their inter-collegiate compétition in basketball,fencing, gymnastics, swimming, andwrestling. Illinois had the largestreprésentation with 25 men. Award-winners listed home towns as farwest as Washington and California.The South was represented byMaroonmen from Arizona, Texas,Louisiana, and Florida. Northeast-ern states represented were NewYork and Pennsylvania, while thecentral section had provided athlètes from Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin, inaddition to those from Illinois.The Athletic Staff congratulâtesthèse team members and hopes thatthey will look upon their compétition at The University of Chicagoas a worthwhile expérience andwith a sensé of personal achieve-ment in their contribution to theUniversity's athletic program.—Walter L. Hass, Athletic DirectorWRESTLING-U of C matmenwound up their season with one winand eight losses. Lack of strength inheavier weights proved damagingto the Maroons as they werewhipped by Wheaton Collège 37-2in the season's final match heldMarch 5.BASKETBALL-In the season's lastcontest Maroon cagers bowed to aWestern Reserve quintet 51-47, clos-ing the season with seven wins andeight losses. Freshman Martin C.Campbell, an Amos Alonzo StaggScholarship winner from Evanston,111., set the year's scoring pace witha top 206 points. William Pearsonof Noblesville, Ind., the other StaggScholar, came in third with 134.Sophomores Kenneth Hoganson ofDearborn, Mich., and Douglas Petersen of Worthington, Minn.placed second (140) and fourth(124) respectively.TRACK-At the 15th Annual Chicago and Midwest Conférence Meet,held hère on March 5th, Chicagotopped the other ten competitorswith 62% points. Five days laterChicago defeated Valparaiso 62-50,but lost to the University of Wisconsin 59-54. When season recordswere tallied, the Maroons showedeight wins against three losses.SPORTSHORTSThe Track Club (not to be con-fused with the varsity team,although some varsity men partici-pate in UCTC meets) marked twospécial high points this spring. Clubfrosh Jan Nilsson from Chicago'sSenn High School set an indoor record for the 880-yard dash at a meetwith the University of WisconsinFebruary 27. He toppled the oldrecord with a 1:55, one-tenth second faster than the old mark. Amonth later the Club chalked upthe winning score at the CentralA. A. U. Indoor Team Champion-ships held hère.SWIMMING — Varsity swimmers,mostly fîrst and second year men,finished their dual meet season witha 50-36 win over Milwaukee Insti-tute of Technology on March 3.Their 1964-65 record reads: twowins, six losses, and one rie. OnMarch 6 the Maroons hosted the18th Annual Intercollegiate Swimming and Diving Championships, in which they finished third with48 points. Ahead of them were theUniversity of Illinois-Chicago with115 points and George WilliamsCollège with 58.TENNIS— Twenty-five men are re-porting regularly for tennis work-outs, in spite of discouragingweather in Chicago. Tennis coachWilliam Moyle is optimistic: mostmembers hâve been working outsince early in winter quarter.SOCCER— Varsity soccer men re-ported on April 26 for the fîrst prac-tice of their four week trainingperiod. In préparation for a ten-game season the coach, WilliamVendl, prescribed heavy emphasison individual basic skills duringdaily practices plus weekly scrim-mages with nearby teams to keepteamwork at a high level. With aneye on his experienced returnees(the entire 1964 starting line-up isback) Coach Vendl expects this tobe one of the best soccer seasonsin several years.BASEBALL— A striking moundcrew promises to be a strong pointfor this year's Maroon nine. Sopho-more James Black, a "C" man fromPortland, Ore., should be the main-stay of the pitching brigade, and hewill be heavily backed-up by seniorScott Smith from St. Joseph, Mich.Pitchers Edward Navakas (Miami,Fia. ) , Gary Christiana ( Whitesboro,N.Y. ), and Robert How (Cut Bank,Mont.) offer additional support.Fleet-footed outfielder Robert Wil-cox of Wilmette, 111., is developinginto a surefire hitter. Dennis Zilavy,whose basketball compétition during the winter improved his poiseand footwork, should be a center-field fixture, and he has had a considérable success during workoutsswitch hitting at the plate. StaggScholar William Pearson, who did acreditable job during basketballseason, shows promise at shortstop.Coach Kyle Anderson, associateprofessor and assistant director ofphysical éducation, who has beenhead baseball coach for 33 years,describes his team as a young butenthusiastic one.14 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965History: Soviet Style by Mark M. Krugand Ida Paper"S asha is clearly a Marxist.He has been raised liter-ally since nursery schoolon Marxist Philosophy— and Marxist philosophy alone— with a persistance that staggered my imagination." In thèse words an Americangraduate student described his typ-ical Russian counterpart, after having spent a year of study at MoscowState University. There is no reasonto doubt that this description ofthe typical product of the Sovieteducational System accurately re-flects the degree of success attainedby the Soviet élite in shaping theminds of the young génération.History textbooks in the SovietUnion are written by distinguishedhistorians but, while they differ instyle and in organization of mate-rial, they are quite similar in content. The textbooks are subject tofréquent revisions which, in mostcases, are not made to include in-sights of new historical scholarshipbut to conform with the latestchange in the party line. One canonly speculate on the reaction ofthe textbook writers, ail profession-al historians, to thèse "revisions."There are, however, some basicthèmes which seem to be permanent and subject to no ideologicalfluctuation. Among thèse are: The"Great" October Révolution; The"Great" Heroes of the Révolution;The "Great" Soviet Achievementsin Industrialization; The "Great"Soviet Achievements in Agriculture;The "Great" Advantages Enjoyed by Soviet Citizens; The Soviet Gov-ernment's Undeviating Dévotion toPeace; and the Greed, Rapacious-ness, and Aggressiveness of theCapitalist Countries.The United States of America ispictured as a land of unemployedand insecure people who are gov-erned by an exploiting clique of thevery rich, aided and kept in powerby saber-rattling gênerais and admirais. Examples of this treatmentof America will be provided fromtwo textbooks dealing with the history of the Soviet Union, one forthe fourth, and another for thetenth grade. Since an examinationof a dozen textbooks for variousgrades which hâve appeared in thelast 25 years in many éditions hasrevealed that thèse books hâvebasically the same approach andcontent, a sampling of two textbooks should be sufficient. Fourthgraders and tenth graders get basically the same diet, although theportions are, of course, smaller forthe younger children.Mark M. Krug, PhD'60, is professor in the Graduate School ofEducation and author of LymanTrumbull—The ConservativeRadical, published in March byA. S. Barnes. Ida Paper is ateacher in the Laboratory School."History: Soviet Style" is ex-cerpted from an article by thesame title which appeared inthe February, 1964, issue of Social Education.May, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 15The October Révolution is de-picted as an uprising against capi-talists and landowners. Nothing issaid about the opposition to theBolsheviks by workers and peas-ants belonging to the Social Revo-lutionaries, the Socialists and theMensheviks. The American andEnglish governments are attackedfor intervening in the Civil War bysending military expéditions to fightthe Bolsheviks. Soviet children aretold that the reason for Allied intervention was not opposition tothe seizure of power by the Bolsheviks, who were a minority party,but the greedy design on Russia'swealth. A textbook for fourth graders states: "They [the Americansand the English] wanted to crushour révolution and to seize theriches of Russia ... In the North[of Russia] the Americans, theEnglish and the Japanese began toeut down valuable forests, to shipout gold and expensive furs." Theforeign invaders treated the Com-munists with great cruelty and"gouged out their eyes, twistedtheir arms and tore out theirtongues."Soviet students are informed thatwhile American ruling circles hadsent troops to destroy the Bolshevikrégime, the masses of the peoplein the United States and in Englandsupported the new Soviet govern-ment. The History of the SovietUnion for the tenth graders states:"While foreign imperialists weretrying to strangle the Soviet Republic by means of interventionand blockade, the laboring peopleof thèse countries sympathized withthe Soviets and helped them. . . .Allied soldiers who found them-selves in the Soviet Republic re-fused to fight against the Soviets."This statement, for which no évidence is supplied, reflects one ofthe most récurrent thèmes found inSoviet history textbooks. It seemsthat Soviet authors deem it veryimportant, in view of the Marxistdogma about the international soli-darity of workers, to stress that an-tipathy and animosity toward theSoviet Union is confined in theWest to small governing groupsof rich businessmen, industrialists,and the military, while millions ofworkers and peasants are sympa- thetic to Russia and want close,harmonious relations with her. Thefact that the British Labor Partyand the AFL-CIO in America, bothin their leadership and in their rankand file are aggressively anti-Com-munist and anti-Soviet, is carefullyconcealed from Russian students.They are not told that Khrushchev'smeetings in America and in England with labor leaders were dis-appointing and painful expériencesfor him.The United States, England, andFrance are accused of appeasingHitler because of their implacablehatred of the Soviet Union. Highschool students in Russia are taughtthat "the real meaning of the Munich Pact was that whole régions ofCzechoslovakia were given to theGerman aggressors in payment fortheir pledge to start a war withthe Soviet Union." The infamousHitler- S talin pact of friendship andnon-aggression, signed on August24, 1939, is def ended on the groundthat Stalin wanted to gain time toprépare the Soviet Union for war.The author does not explain to thereaders why Stalin, who had con-ducted ruthless purges and com-mitted innumerable crimes whichhe justified by the imminence of abourgeois attack on Russia, failedto shore up the country's défenses.Similarly, the évidence brought outby Khrushchev in his speech onStalin at the 22nd Party Congresswhich revealed that Stalin did be-lieve in Hitler's professions of goodfaith and had neglected Russia'smilitary establishment is not men-tioned in the textbooks.The authors of the textbooks failto relate that in their treaty Hitlerand Stalin agreed to partition Po-land and divide the country amongthemselves. A secret protocol of theStalin-Hitler pact stated: "In theevent of a territorial and politicalrearrangement of the areas belonging to the Polish state, the sphèresof influence of Germany and theU.S.S.R. shall be bounded approxi-mately by the line of the riversNarev, Vistula and San."In describing the annexation byRussia of Eastern Poland, underthe provisions of the Hitler-Stalinpact, Soviet textbooks maintain thatthe Red Army was received with enthusiasm by the masses of PôlesUkranians, Rumanians, and Jewswho looked upon Russian soldiersas liberators from the yoke of theexploiting land-owners and industrialists. "The Soviet forces," saysone textbook, "crossed the Polishborder from the East. They tookunder their protection the populations of Western White Russia andthe Western Ukraine. The laboringpeople met their liberator, the RedArmy, with jubilation. Widespreaddémocratie élections took place forthe Peoples' Assemblies based ongênerai, equal and direct suffrageby secret ballot." Thèse are thecircumstances in which such anevent should happen according tothe Marxist-Leninist interprétationof history. The masses of workersand peasants are expected to wel-come with joy the liberating forcesof the Communist révolution. Thefact that actual events in EasternPoland turned out to be quite différent does not seem to matter tothe authors of Soviet textbooks.One looks in vain for an acknowl-edgement of the war aid given bythe Allies, and especially by theUnited States to Russia. The gigan-tic Lend-Lease opération whichcost America $11 billion is notmentioned. There is also no ac-knowledgement that the defeat ofNazi Germany was a joint accom-plishment of the armed might ofthe Allies and of the Soviet Union.The fourth-grade textbook callsWorld War II "the Great Father-land War" which was won by thegreat Soviet people. The authors ofthe book for tenth graders are notsatisfied with limiting the créditfor the victory to the Soviets. Theyengage in hostile attacks on theWest. "America and England en-tered the war in order to get ridof Germany and Japan as competi-tors for world markets." The Alliesare castigated for delaying theopening of the Second Front. The"ruling circles" in the United Statesand in England were, according tothe textbooks, postponing the attack on German forces in Europein order to "draw out the course ofhostilities on the Soviet Germanfront and thereby weakening theSoviet Union." Thus, having estab-lished the treachery of the Western16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965Allies, the textbook concludes: "Inactuality the Soviet Union carriedon the fight against Hitler and Germany virtually alone."Soviet students are told that theSecond Front was finally opened,but instead of receiving a truthfulaccount of the bloody but victori-ous progress of the American andEnglish forces, they get this purefabrication: "The ruling circles ofEngland and the United States usedtheir forces that landed in Francefor the purpose of occupying inEurope advantageous stratégiepoints and important économie positions."During the post-war period, theSoviet Union is repeatedly de-scribed as the only country in theworld truly dedicated to peace.Russia, it stated, is willing andeager to live in peace with everycountry in the world. "Communismdoes not need war," says a textbook,"there is not a single governmenton the globe, not a single people,with whom the Soviet Union wouldnot strive to maintain peaceful relations based on equality and reci-procity." The danger to peacecornes from the capitalist élite inthe United States which wants awar to destroy the government ofthe prolétariat in the Soviet Union.Once again, in line with the princi-ples of Marxism-Leninism, Sovietchildren are told that there is adeeper cleavage on the questions ofattitude to communism and theSoviet Union between the capitalistgovernments and the masses of thepeople. Thus the textbook states:"The workers, peasants, scientists,writers— ail the best people of theworld say: "We will not toleratewar" . . . The workers of Franceand Italy took an oath that theywould never fight against the peuples of the Soviet Union." No détails are given when and where thismass oath-taking ceremony tookplace. Every effort is made to implant in the readers the idea thatonly the rich capitalists opposecommunism and wish to destroyRussia, but the workers, the peasants, and the intellectuals of theworld resist thèse evil designs oftheir rulers.ït would be naive to expect thatSoviet history textbooks would pré sent an objective factual picture oflife and conditions in the UnitedStates. Few American textbooks dothe same when dealing with theSoviet Union. However, the slantedand distorted présentation of mate-rial related to America goes far be-yond the expected bias. In a sensé,it is rather comforting to know thatthe rulers of the Soviet Union areso afraid of giving their peopleeven a partly true account of thelife in the United States that theydo not hesitate to resort to whole-sale lies and fabrications.While the main features of thestory remain the same in textbooksfor elementary and high schoolgrades, the conscious effort to stim-ulate hatred and contempt forAmerica becomes more obvious ineach successive year. Hère is whata fourth-grade textbook says aboutlife in the United States: "Americais the largest and strongest capitalist country in the world. But al-though the laboring classes createdthis wealth, the riches and the lux-ury belong to a small group of land-owners and industrialists. . . . How,then, do the working people livein the USA? In the United Statesof America there are five millionunemployed because the capitalistswho own ail the plants and fac-tories find it profitable to keep attheir plants as few people as possible." After citing the correct figure for the unemployed, the authorsdo a lot of pure inventing: "InAmerica, not only are millions ofworkers deprived of the opportuni-• ty to work and to earn a living, butmany physicians, educators, andengineers are also unemployed.Want, hunger— that is what unem-ployment means to the Americanlaboring people. . . . They ail livein constant fear— any day they maybecome unemployed." The authorsthen go on to describe the misérablelot of the American worker who hasto pay a third of his earnings forrent, pay the government "varioustaxes," pay for the éducation of hischildren, and what is worst, pay forhealth care for himself and his fam-ily. The textbook décries the lot ofNegroes in America in thèse words :"You ail certainly know how wanting in justice is the condition of theNegroes in the United States of America. . . . Even the murder of aNegro is not considered a big crimein America."Nothing is said about the highstandard of living of Americanworkers, about social security,about unemployment compensation, about compulsory elementaryand high school éducation, aboutadvanced labor législation, or aboutadvances made in the field of racialrelations. On the contrary, the misérable lot of the American workersis contrasted with the happy andsecure life of the laboring man inthe Soviet Union who has a job,pays a very low rent, gets free éducation for his children and freemédical care for himself and hisfamily.It might well be that there is anadvantage in this wildly inaccuratecontrast. The picture of Americanlife is so exaggerated and distortedthat it is doubtful whether Soviethigh school students, especially inthe higher grades, really believe it.Every sampling of opinion madeamong the Soviet youth and adultshas shown that somehow they doknow about the high standard ofliving of the American people andabout the tremendous rate of indus-trial and agricultural expansion.This knowledge must cause manyyoung Russians to treat the materialpresented in the textbooks with agreat deal of skepticism. What isdisturbing is the fact that the content of the history textbooks revealsthe depth of the hatred toward theUnited States that is harbored bySoviet leaders even while theymouth the slogan of peaceful coexistence.There is only one consolingthought. The fréquent and oftenfrantic changes in educational objectives and in textbooks suggestthat the status quo will not bemaintained for a long time. Anopen rift with the Chinese Commu-nists, which is almost inévitable inview of the increasing seriousnessof the ideological disputes, mightwell force the Soviet leaders tomoderate their position vis-a-visthe West and the United States.Should this occur, a new revisionof the objectives in the teaching ofhistory and in history textbookswould be fortheoming. ?May, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17The University announces its75th ANNIVEIn a spirit of rededication to the pursuit of wisdom and the serviceof society, The University of Chicago will celebrate, in the year 1966, theSeventy-Fifth Anniversary of its founding.With gratitude and humility the University will note, during theAnniversary Year, the achievements of its fîrst three-quarters of a century,reaffirming the faith of its founders that where learning truly flourishes, thewhole of life is enriched. Rededication in a world of infinité changeand challenge implies the study of educational principles and practice, of modesand conditions of inquiry, and, above ail, of the responsibilities of a greatuniversity. Accordingly, The University of Chicago has adopted as its thèmefor the Anniversary Year "The Conditions and Purposes of the ModemUniversity."Throughout 1966, conférences, symposia, and publications willexplore many of the gravest problems of both the académie community and thesociety which it serves. At its Anniversary Convocations and othercérémonies, the University will honor those to whom the présent state ofman s knowledge owes much. And in the délibérations and inquiries of theAnniversary Year, the University will seek to emulate the vision andinitiative of those whom it so honors.Those bound by personal interest and sentiment to The Universityof Chicago are encouraged to make the Anniversary an occasion for thestrengthening of thèse bonds. Universities, collèges, learned societies,and other institutions of éducation and culture are invited to participate,through their représentatives, in those cérémonies which signify our commondedication. The University will rejoice in the présence of ail men and womenwho, in a concerned, inquiring, and humane spirit, look to the future withhigh seriousness and hope. Invitations will be issued in due season and a mostcordial welcome is assured to ail those who honor the University withtheir company.George W. BeadlePrésidentSARYGlen A. Lloyd The University 's Seventy-Fifth Anniversary, alreadyin the planning phase, will be celebrated throughout1966 in a year-long séries of scientific and culturalevents, and will be headed by two distinguishedalumni. Glen A. Lloyd, JD'23, (at left) has beendesignated as Chairman of the Anniversary Committee by his fellow trustées; and Edward W. Rosenheim,Jr., '39, AM'46, PhD'53, (at right) Professor of English, is Chairman of a faculty committee which willserve as the co-ordinating body for faculty participation in the Anniversary célébration. Plans for studentparticipation are also underway, and a student committee has been formed with sophomore Léon Botsteinof New York City as provisional chairman. Edward W. RosenheimOther members of the Faculty Anniversary committee are the following: George W. Beadle, Président,Trustée, and Professor of Biology; Edward H. Levi,'32, JD'35, Provost and Professor of Law; Herbert L.Anderson, Professor of Physics; Lawrence Bogorad,'42. PhD'49, Professor of Botany; Wayne C. Booth,AM'47, PhD'50, Dean of the Collège; Francis S. Chase,PhD'51, Professor of Education; Fred Eggan, '27,AM'28, PhD'33, Professor of Anthropology; Julian R.Goldsmith, '40, PhD'47, Chairman of the Department of Geophysical Sciences; Chauncy D. Harris, PhD'40,Professor of Geography; John E. Jeuck, '37, MBA'38,PhD'49, Professor of Business Administration; Philip B.Kurland, Professor of Law; William H. McNeill, '38,AM'39, Chairman of the Department of History; Dr.Robert G. Page, Associate Dean of the Division of theBiological Sciences; Robert Rosenthal, AM'55, Curatorof the Department of Spécial Collections in the University Library; Théodore W. Schultz, Professor ofEconomies; Joshua C. Taylor, Professor of Humanities.CHICAGOREVIEW CONTRIBUTORS:CONRAD AIKENHAZEL BARNESLEONARD BASKINSAMUEL BECKETTBERNARD BERENSONBRUNO BETTELHEIMPAUL BLACKBURNKENNETH BURKEPAUL CARROLLREUEL DENNEYROBERT DUNCANKERMIT EBYJAMES T. FARRELLL. FERLINGHETTIOne of the many spécial thingsabout The University of Chicago isthe présence hère on campus of theinternationally-known literary quar-terly, the Chicago Review. Spécialissues within the past décade— on"Zen Buddhism," "Existentialismand Literature," "The San Francisco Poets," and "ModemEuropean Literature"— and the continuai présentation of articles bydistinguished contributors hâvefirmly established the Review inthe mainstream of thought and crit-icism, both in this country andabroad.Technically, the Review is, likea hundred or more other magazinesbeing published across the nation,a quarterly journal of literatureand ideas. What is distinctive aboutthe Chicago product, aside fromits substantial réputation, is thelittle-known fact that the editorialcontrol over this literature and thèseideas is exercised entirely by students at the University.Any student in the University iseligible to join the editorial staffof the Review; moreover, only students may join. The professionalstandards of the magazine are up-held not by professional journalists,but by responsible students.The staff of the Review may num-ber from two in the summer totwenty during the normal académie year, and usually consists of aneditor, possibly an associate editor,By Eugène Wildman, AM'64, co-editor of the Chicago Reviewand PhD candidate on the Committee on Social Thought. a managing editor, and one or twodepartment editors, plus a numberof assistants in various stages ofapprenticeship. Exams and othervicissitudes of the académie program invariably take some toll instaff participation. However, theReview9 s excellent record of meeting publication deadlines is a goodmeasure of student participationand reliability.The Divisions generally providethe greatest number of staff members, the Collège somewhat fewer,and the Professional Schools fewestof ail. At almost any given time,however, ail three branches will berepresented. The largest part of thestaff members are, as might be ex-pected, students in the English Department, or fîrst and second yearundergraduates intending to be-come English majors. Participationis by no means exclusively restrictedto students in the humanities areas,though. One staff member last yearwas from the Law School, and twoeditors within the last four yearshâve been from the Committee onSocial Thought.Editorial positions are determinedby annual élection of the presidingeditorial board. For the most partthèse positions hâve been held bygraduate students, but on occasionundergraduates hâve been electedto them.Degree of involvement in the Review varies with the individual.Staff members put in whateveramount of time they feel they cangive, although obviously editorialresponsibilities demand a regularand substantial allotment of time.There is no payment for work done : WALLACE FOWLIEALLEN G1NSBERGDAVID GRENEMARJORIE GRENEERICH HELLERNAT HENTOFFCLELLON HOLMESHANS HOLTHUSENWALTER KAUFMANNWALT KELLYHUGH KENNERJACK KEROUACRUSSELL KIRKFRANZ KLINEEVERETT KNIGHTJOHN LEHMANNR. W. B. LEWISLAWRENCE LIPTONJOHN LOGANC. F. MACINTYRETHOMAS MANNRICHARD McKEONHENRY MILLERMARIANNE MOOREHANS MORGENTHAUWAYNE MORSEIRIS MURDOCHREINHOLD NIEBUHRELDER OLSONKENNETH PATCHENHENRI PEYREHENRY RAGOJAMES REDFIELDROBERT REDFIELDDAVID RIESMANISAAC ROSENFIELDA. SCHLESINGER, JR.BEN SHAHNKARL SHAPIROLOUIS SIMPSONSTEPHEN SPENDERLEO STRAUSSD. T. SUZUKIWALTER TOMANARNOLD TOYNBEEMARK VAN DORENPETER VIERECKALAN WATTSTENNESSEE WILLIAMSWILLIAM C. WILLIAMSCOLIN WILSON20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY,the return for what they give isexpérience of a decidedly professional order. The skills acquired inseeing the magazine through itsinany production stages are first-rate préparation for work in ailareas of the communications field,from journalism to advertising; andmany former editors of the ChicagoReview staff hâve gone on to professional careers in communications.In a small but very real way, thestudents who work on the Reviewexert a certain influence on the direction of contemporary literature.Although some of the brighteststars in the intellectual heaven hâveappeared in its pages, the under-lying raison d'être of the magazineis to publish writers of merit andpotential who would hâve a diffi-cult, if not impossible, time gettingtheir work accepted by more com-mercially oriented periodicals. Oneof the virtues of the Review is thatit iooks not for the writer who hassucceeded but for the writer oftalent who is experimenting cre-atively. The University makes a distinct contribution to the future ofworld literature by recognizing theneed for a non-commercial ventureof this kind, and by its willingnessto subsidize the magazine."Expérimental" is the key word;but the term unfortunately is an explosive one. Expérimental writingis often provocative, and seldompolished. But it should be remem-bered that it was the expérimentalmagazines which fîrst began pub-lishing the work of John Hawkes, Co-editors Léonard Shaykin (left) and Eugène Wildmanwho at this writing is being con-sidered for a National Book Award,and whose novels are now standardfare for any modem literaturecourse.The Review, it may be recalled,achieved some notoriety in themiddle fifties for publishing sections of William Burroughs' NakedLunch and certain other "beat"writings. Now that the shockedoutrage has worn off it is generallyconceded that "beat" literature,with its considérable emotionalpower, has made a small but sig-nificant contribution to the devel-opment of contemporary literature.The Chicago Review has madeavailable to the public many writ-ters of great talent and originality—some of them controversial, likeBurroughs and Kerouac, some ofthem not so. The Review was thePoetry editor Peter Nagourney and other staff members fîrst to publish young writers likeJohn Schultz, Walter Toman, andPaul Herr, whose Journey Not ToEnd— which first appeared, in ex-cerpted form, in the Review— hasnow been translated into severallanguages and is receiving muchattention abroad. Phillip Both firstappeared in the Review; and Théodore Solataroff, now associate editor of Commentary, began first toattract notice by the criticism hewrote for the Review. Both, inci-dentally, were graduate studentshère at the time.The most récent issue of the Review, devoted to new Chicago writing and art, and which containedsome student-written material, hasbeen received with praise and in-terest ail across the country. Twoof the fiction writers hâve beencontacted by a New York publishing company; a third author wasgiven a commission by a midwest-ern publisher; and a fourth storyis being considered for an annualfiction award.The main source of vitality ofthe Chicago Review is the studentbase it maintains. Its personalitychanges with each new editorialboard, yet it remains responsive tothe new and différent créative impulses of each new génération ofyoung writers, seeking always toreflect its commitment to a futureclassicism. This surely must standas one of the most succesful ven-tures of its kind in American publishing; and it has been going onthis way, without fanfare, for thepast twenty years.MAY, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21Book Review:Political Succession in the USSRby Myron Rush, '42, PhD'51Columbia University Pressxv + 223 pages $5.95Like its tsarist predecessor, the Communist statesuffers from the lack of a clear and legitimate meansof changing its rulers. This problem of the transfer ofpower and the uncertainties of authority after thedémise or removal of a leader is comprehensivelytreated in Myron Rush's Book, Political Succession inthe USSR.The basic material treated by Rush deals with theLenin and Stalin succession crises and the problemsand succession arrangements of the Khrushchev era;taken in toto, his account provides a well-documentedand perceptively written analysis of the principal con-tenders, the institutions involved, and the patternsof maneuver which manifested themselves during andafter the three succession crises. Rush places the great-est emphasis on what he terms the "patterns of succession ' and traces the parallel ways in which Stalin,Khrushchev, and Brezhnev rose through the Partyapparatus; they challenged the other contenders, rang-ing from Trotsky to Malenkov, from positions of powerbased on firm control of the Party organization.While noting the similarities between the three différent crises, Rush is careful to point out the importantdifférences: the chief problem facing Lenin's success-ors was to find a substitute for the authority Leninenjoyed by virtue of his political genius in the Révolution and his position as founder of the Soviet state, whereas Stalin's successors were confronted with theproblem of maintaining or ameliorating the institutionsof terror which the dictator had established.Stalin proved to be the most successful of the post-Lenin contenders for authority, deriving his powerfrom his office as General Secretary, controlling thelocal Party cadres, and from the ruthlessness of hispersonality. Trotsky, on the other hand, suffered fromwhat Lenin termed "an excessive enthusiasm for thepurely administrative side of affairs," while Zinovievand Kamenev, the other two contenders for powerdemonstrated a "failure of will" at décisive momentswhich made it easy for Stalin to outmaneuver them.Lenin s décision to hold for posthumous publicationa letter making thèse facts known to the Party wasunfortunate, for by that time the triumvirate (StalinZinoviev, Kamenev) was willing to overlook the fail-ings of Stalin in face of the assumed need for maintaining a united front against Trotsky and the Left-Wing Opposition.Part of the pattern of the transfer of power whichthe Lenin succession established was the employmentby the would-be victor of a strategy designed to dividehis opponents against each other. Stalin fîrst devotedhimself to consolidating the power of the triumviratein opposition to Trotsky, and, after he had succeededin destroying Trotsky's power base in the army andtrade unions, the Man of Steel then turned against theother triumvirs, undermining their sources of supportin the Moscow and Leningrad Party groups. By thetime the opposition forces united and realized wherethe danger really lay, they possessed no political weap-ons with which to do battle, and, lacking any realinstitutional support, were decisively defeated byStalin at the XV Party Congress in 1927. In the fol-lowing years Stalin Consolidated his power by physi-cally destroying the opposition and purging the Partyapparatus which had elevated him to power. Heraised the secret police and the government bureauc-racy to positions of suprême control to insure hispersonal ascendancy; by so doing, he acquired sucha great amount of personal power that his death in1953 created problems of succession similar to, al-though not exactly like, the situation facing the régimein the 1920's. As did Lenin, Stalin attempted to makehis own succession arrangements by creating a triangleof power during his lifetime; Stalin sat at the top ofthe power pyramid, while Malenkov as heir andKhrushchev as counter-heir balanced each other atthe base. At Stalin's death the apex of the trianglewas vacated, and a jockeying for new positions soontook place.Analyzing Khrushchev's rise to power, Rush continues his examination of succession in terms of sourcesof legitimacy, political stratégies and the institutionalbases for political power. He points out how Lenin sunpublished letter remained a constant threat to Stal-22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965in's position as the legitimate heir and how it wasused by Khrushchev in 1956 to decisively repudiatethe Stalinist legacy in order to legitimize Khrushchev's0wn seizure of power. The pattern of the Stalin succession closely paralleled the events after Lenin'sdeath; again a triumvirate (Malenkov, Beria, andKhrushchev) was set up to rule, and again the "collective leadership" degenerated into a power strugglebetween its two leading members. Describing thebattle which followed, Rush points out the ways inwhich each principal used the institutions under hiscontrol— for Malenkov, the state bureaucracy, forKhrushchev, the Party apparatus— in seeking to domi-nate the institutions controlled by his opponent.After Malenkov's defeat in 1955, Khrushchev turnedhis attention to the establishment of his particularpersonal claim to legitimacy as a means of assuringhis ascendancy in the oligarchy of leaders: havingrepudiated the policies and personality of his prede-cessor Stalin, Khrushchev no longer shared a commonbasis of legitimacy with the other members of thecollective leadership. He now cast himself in a moreheroic mold than the mère perpetrator of Stalinistpolicies; he became, in Rush's words, "a doer of thegreatest deeds" in the manner of Lenin, and heestablished himself as Lenin's, not Stalin's, successor.In 1957, Khrushchev's opponents, alarmed by his in-creased power as destroyer of the terrors of the Stalinmyth and reformer of his institutional héritage, mount-ed one last desperate attack on him in the CentralCommittee but, like Zinoviev and Kamenev, weredecisively defeated, leaving Khrushchev as the soleruler. Unlike Stalin, Khrushchev was not able toinstitute a blood purge to completely liquidate hisopponents but had to be content with relegating themto administrative exile in the form of assignments tominor posts in the outlying reaches of the Sovietempire.In the final chapters we find an examination ingreater détail of certain gênerai aspects of Sovietsuccession crises, including a discussion of the in-evitability of a crisis situation in terms of the structureof the Soviet System and an appraisal of the différentsources of power of the contending factions. In out-lining the effects of succession on the overall structureand strength of the Communist régime, Rush demon-strates that the way in which Khrushchev wieldedpower (the practice of fréquent rotation of officiaisin top government and Party organs ) made a succession problem inévitable. Especially penetrating isRush's analysis of the extent of Khrushchev's authorityand of the Khrushchev version of the "cuit of personality"— the latter, because it was less flamboyantlyterrible than that of Stalin, has been less obvious to theWestern observer. Dealing with Khrushchev's succession arrangements, Rush treats such topics as "thewithering away of the state" and the nature of col lective leadership from a fresh, new perspective,thereby providing us with a fuller understanding ofthe nature of the Soviet leadership during the Khrushchev era. His analysis of the prospects for the futurein terms of men, institutions, and issues places thesuccession problem facing the Soviet régime at présentwithin a dynamic framework of phases; by doingthis, Rush manages to give a sensé of cohérence tothe various disjointed aspects of the présent situationand to create the possibility of predicting the coursethe présent crisis will take.Some readers may find it hard to grasp why powerin the Soviet Union can successfully be acquired bywould-be rulers in one way and not in another. Theoutline of personal political stratégies and institutionalbases of power fails to cope with the problem of theexclusivity of the path to political dominance: whydoes one man's reliance on a particular strategy anda particular institutional base succeed when anotheraspirant's reliance on other means fails? Rush treatsthe problem of causality in political events in an expost facto manner; to say that Khrushchev succeededin his bid for power because he relied on the Partyapparatus and that Malenkov, by relying on the statebureaucracy, was bound to fail tells us nothing as tothe underlying reasons why Khrushchev's pattern ofmaneuver succeeded when Malenkov's did not. Froma utilitarian standpoint, this absence of an analyticaltreatment of the fundamental dynamics of the transferof power weakens the possibility of reliable prédictionsregarding the path of the présent succession crisis;unless one simply accepts the inevitability of historic-ally répétitive patterns, there is no real basis in Rush'sbook for assuming that the présent struggle for powerwill or will not follow the course of previous ones.Rush's grasp of the détails and intricacies of thesuccession crises is comprehensive and well-docu-mented with information from Soviet sources; he skill-fully organizes what appéars to most of us to be anincohérent jumble of Soviet offices and personalitiesinto a logical framework which shows us the historic-ally recurring situations and patterns. Although hedoes not examine the présent succession crisis withthe intention of prescribing a policy to guide the Westin its relations to the new régime, Rush does maintainthat we must reject any interprétation dealing withSoviet political behavior as a fixed quantity; insteadhe advocates a constant sensitivity to any new stancein foreign and domestic affairs which the Soviet régime may assume after each change of rulers. Bydemonstrating how this change may corne about andthe far-reaching effects it may hâve on Soviet domesticand foreign policy, Myron Rush has made a significantcontribution to our understanding of the Soviet System.Reviewed by Stephen Sternheimer, a PhD candidate in the Department of Political Science.MAY, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23s^TLluvnniC^uentôProvidence: May lOthAnnual dinner meeting, RhodeIsland Alumni. Speaker: Edward W.Rosenheim, Jr., Professor in theDepartments of English and the Hu-manities. Topic: "Chicago '66: TheMeaning of a Modem University."Cocktails, 6 p.m.; dinner, 7 p.m. at theUniversity Club, 219 Benefit Street.Spécial guests: area students who willenter The Collège autumn quarter,1965.Philadelphia: May llthRéception, Philadelphia AreaAlumni Club. Speaker: Edward W.Rosenheim, Jr., Professor in theDepartments of English and the Hu-manities. Topic: "Chicago '66: TheMeaning of a Modem University."Arrangements: Mrs. Richard Davis,21 Snowden Road, Bala Cynwyd,Pennsylvania. 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. at theAlpha Club, 1721 Chestnut Street.Chicago: May 12thAnnual Owl and Serpent Banquet.Cocktails, 6 p.m.; dinner, 6:30 p.m.,at the Quadrangle Club, 1155 East57th Street.Chicago: May 13thExecutive Program Club Luncheon,sponsored by the Graduate School ofBusiness. Speaker: Merton H. Miller,Professor of Finance. Topic: "Quantitative Tools for Business Décisions."Noon at the Pick-Congress Hôtel.Annual Class of '18 Dinner. Punch-bowl, 5:30 p.m.; dinner, 6:30 p.m. atthe Quadrangle Club.Boston: May 15thCocktails and réception, BostonArea Alumni Club. Speaker: Philip M.Hauser, Professor and Chairman, Department of Sociology. Topic: "Population, Poverty, and World Politics."5 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. at the Sheraton-Plaza Hôtel, Copeley Square.Cleveland: May 26thAnnual dinner meeting, ClevelandArea Alumni Club. Speaker: WayneC. Booth, George M. Pullman Professor of English and Dean of the Collège. Topic: "The Collège: Inheri-tance, Challenge and Change." Dinner,6:30 p.m. at the Masonic TempleDining Room, East 36th Street andEuclid Avenue. Spécial guests: Cleveland area students who will enter theCollège, autumn quarter, 1965. Cearnpuôim K^CLiendtMay 8thContemporary Chamber Players: Ches-ter Milosovich, clarinetist. 8:30 p.m. atthe Law School Auditorium. Admission,$1.00.May lOthMonday Lecture Séries: "The Impactof the Concept of Culture on the Conceptof Man," by Clifford Geertz, Professorof Anthropology, U. of C. 8:00 p.m. atthe Law School Auditorium, 1121 E.60th St. A limited number of seats willbe available without charge to facultyand their wives, students, and alumni.For information, call MI 3-0800, ext. 3137.May llthContemporary Chamber Players: anall-Varese program, directed by RalphShapey. 8:30 p.m. at Mandel Hall. Admission: $1.00.May 12thAnnual Dinner, Law Alumni Association. Speaker: Attorney General NicholasKatzenbach. 5:30 at the Hôtel Ambassa-dor West; cocktails at The Four Georgesand dinner in the Guild Hall.May 14th-16thUniversity Théâtre: "Tartuffe" byMolière, directed by Kenneth Northcott,Associate Professor of Germanie Lan-guages and Literatures. 8:30 p.m. inHutchinson Commons. Admission, $2.50.May 15thCollegium Musicum: solo-ensemble,three centuries of Petrarch settings, directed by Howard M. Brown. 8:30 p.m.at Bond Chapel. arMay 17thMonday Lecture Séries: "The Senséof Crisis," by James M. Redfield, '54PhD'61, Assistant Professor of SocialThought. 8:00 p.m. at the Law SchoolAuditorium, 1121 E. 60th St. A limitednumber of seats will be available without charge to faculty and their wivesstudents, and alumni. For informationcall MI 3-0800, ext. 3137.May 21st through 23rdUniversity Théâtre: Anouilh's "Anti-gone," directed by Andrew Kaplan, andSophoclcs' "Antigone," directed by JamesO'Reilly. 8:30 p.m. at Reynolds ClubThéâtre. Admission, $1.50.May 22ndUniversity Symphony Orchestra: threeexcerpts from "Romeo and Juliet," byProkoficff; "Symphony No. 9," by Schubert. H. Colin Slim, conductor. 8:30 p.m.at Mandel Hall.May 29thCollegium Musicum: Madrigal Group,directed by Howard M. Brown. 8:30 p.m.in Bond Chapel.June lstOpen Sing: 57th Street Chorale,"Gloria" by Vivaldi; "Nanie" by Brahms.A sing-it-yourself evening led by Mar-garet Hillis, Director of the ChicagoSymphony Orchestra Chorus. (Those whowish to participate should notify the57th Street Chorale by May 17 at 5650Woodlawn Ave., phone FA 4-4100.) 7:30p.m. at Reynolds Club North Lounge,57th and University.24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965Who growsthe "hair"that crowns amillionbeauties?The same Union Carbide whosealloys help keep the crunchin rock crushers. The "hair" is our Dynel mod-acrylic fiber. It looks like real hairand feels like it.It's the same Dynel that's usedto make luxurious deep-pile coats.It's the same fiber that's used tomake filters for heavy-duty indus-trial air Systems and home airconditioners. And its versatilityis the reason why we'll be "grow-ing" millions of extra pounds ofDynel this year.Lots of things are going on atUnion Carbide. We're producingnew alloys to re-surface equip-ment such as rock-crusher rollsand keep them in action longer.Other new alloys are helping the chemical industry stop costly at-tacks of acids and corrcsives. Andwe've recently introduced somenew silicone rubber compoundswith greatly improved resiliencyfor use by the aerospace and auto-motive industries.To keep bringing you thèse andmany other new and improvedproducts, we'll be investing half abillion dollars on new plant construction during the next twoyears.Union Carbide Corporation, 270 Park Avenue. New York, N. Y. 10017. In Canada: Union Carbide Canada Limited, Toronto • Divisions: Carbon Products,Chemicals, Consumer Products, Fibers & Fabrics, Food Products, International, Linde, Mining & Metals, Nuclear, Olefins, Plastics, Silicones, Stellite UNIONCARBIDEFrederick Meigs Edward Ellenbogen Chalkley Hambleton¦ALIJMIVI NEWS-07BELL, LAIRD, JD'07, former chairmanof the University Board of Trustées, andFREDERICK C. E. LUNDGREN, '21,JD'22, hâve retired as partners of theChicago law firm of Bell, Boyd, Lloyd,Haddad & Burns, but they will continueas counsel. J. WILLIAM HAYTON, '46,JD'50, ALAN R. BRODIE, JD'54, andC. CURTIS EVERETT, JD'57, hâve be-come partners of the firm.17HULING, COL. JOHN, JR., '17, and hiswife, the former HELEN MOFFET, '20,hâve returned to their home in Elkhorn,Wisc. from a 17,000 mile cruise that tookthem to Japan and the Philippines.20MAIN, MRS. CHARLES (MILDREDMILES, '20), has written a children'sbook, Hail, Nathan Haie!, published inMarch by Abingdon Press of New Yorkand Nashville.POTTS, WILLIS J., '20, MD'24, professor emeritus of surgery at NorthwesternUniversity and former chairman of thedepartment of surgery at Chicago's Children's Mémorial Hospital, has a newhonor to add to his already-impressivelist of professional awards. In Februarythe Nassau Academy of Medicine, GardenCity, N. Y., named its comprehensivecare of children seminars after him.Among his other awards: the U of CDepartment of Medicine's DistinguishedService Award, the AMA's gold medal,the U of C Alumni Association's medal,and the American Academy of PediatricsWilliam E. Ladd Medal. Dr. Potts taughtat the U of C from 1925-46, after whichtime he went to Northwestern. Amonghis 125 publications is a book, The Sur geon and the Chïld, and a syndicatednewspaper column, "The Doctor andYour Child."22HANSEN, HERBERT, '22, AM'23, BD'24, minister emeritus of the Scarsdale( N. Y. ) Community Baptist Church, received that city's Chamber of Commercefourth annual civic or business awardJanuary 23. During his 34 years at thelocal church, membership grew from54 to 1,100, and the congrégation haspaid off its mortgages, erected a churchschool building free of debt, and has pur-chased additional property.24CRAVEN, AVERY O., PhD'24, professoremeritus of American history at the University, has been appointed an HonoraryConsultant to the Library of Congress inthe fleld of American history. Mr. Craven,a specialist in Southern history and authorof The Corning of the Civil War, TheRise of Southern Nationalism, and CivilWar in the Making, will advise the Library in its acquisitions, services, andrelationships with historians. He spentthe years from 1927.-52 at the University,since which time he has taught at Cambridge University in England, at theUniversities of South Carolina and Texas,and at the University of Sydney in Aus-tralia. He is presently a visiting professorof history at the University of Wisconsin.Mrs. Craven is the former GEORGIAWATSON, AM'29.25McMURRY, ROBERT, '25, SM'32, président of the McMurry Co. of Chicago,was key speaker at the American Collègeof Hospital Administrators' 8th annualcongress in February. He spoke at twoseminars on "Resolving Conflict in Human Values." BRADY, WILLIAM, '25, has been namedchairman of the Fordham Universityboard of lay trustées. A trustée since1959, he holds an honorary doctor oflaws degree from Fordham. He is formerchairman of the Corn Products Co. The32-member board of lay trustées is theprincipal lay board of the university andacts to advise, assist, and cooperate withthe président and administration of theuniversity. Its functions include long-range planning, évaluation of currentproblems, promotion of public understanding and gênerai liaison between theuniversity and the community in educational matters.27CAIN, STANLEY, '27, PhD'30, a University of Michigan professor of conservation, has been appointed assistantsecretary of the interior for fish and wild-life. From 1950-61 he was chairman ofUM's school of natural resources, andhe has been a member of the wildlifeand game management advisory boardfor the interior department since 1962.HALL, J. BARKER, '27, treasurer at theU of C, is one of the first two non-adver-tising men elected to the board of direc-tors of Foote, Cône & Belding, Inc., LosAngels. Mr. Hall is also a director ofChicago Title & Trust Co., Marine Transportation Lines, and Peoples Gas Lightand Coke Co.MEIGS, FREDERICK M., '27, PhD'30,who is retiring early as executive directorof industrial research for Merck, Sharp &Dohme Research Laboratories, Rahway,N. J., is establishing an independent Consulting service. Before joining Merck in1958, Mr. Meigs was gênerai manager offoreign opérations and director of devel-opment for General Aniline & Film Corp.He is a member of the American Chemical Society and the Society of the Chenu-cal Industry, and he holds nearly 50patents.26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965Kenneth Mulligan Robert Ebert Philip Clarke¦ALUMNI NEWS—31ELLENBOGEN, EDWARD, '31, a re-tiring colonel and chaplain with theU. S. Air Force, received the Air ForceCommendation Medal for the second timein his 24-year military career. In additionto being staff chaplain at McGuire AFB,N. J., for which he received the latestmedal, Mr. Ellenbogen has served inGuam, Japan, and Germany. DuringWorld War II he was stationed in theEuropean-African-Middle East théâtre.32OLSON, EVERETT C, '32, SM'33, PhD'35, professor in the department of geo-physical scienes at the University, andeditor of the Journal of Geology, has hadhis book The Evolution of Life publishedby the English firm of Weidenfeld andNicholson. An American paperback édition of this popular account of modemthought on évolution is planned for nextyear. In his book Professor Oison syn-thesizes the latest findings of paleontolo-gy, microbiology, genetics, and animalbehaviorists, and concludes with a chapteron the philosophical implications ofévolution.WEIG, MELVIN J., AM'32, superin-tendent of the Edison National HistoriéSite, West Orange, N. J., a division ofthe National Park System, is the editorand one of the authors of The History ofthe United States Flag, from the Révolution to the Présent, Including a Guide!o Its Use and Display. The revisedédition was published in 1963 by Harper& Row, New York.34HAMBLETON, CHALKLEY J., '34, re-cently marked his 30th year with HarrisTrust and Savings Bank in Chicago. Nowvict président and secretary for the trust department, he joined the bank in 1935.In 1948 he was elected assistant secretaryof the department; in 1953, assistant vice-président; in 1960, vice-président; and in1962 to his présent position. Mr. Hamble-ton, a World War II vétéran, achievedthe rank of lieutenant commander duringhis days with the U. S. Navy.MULLIGAN, J. KENNETH, '34, AM'37,has won the Commissioners' Award, thetop honor for an employée of the U. S.Civil Service Commission. Mr. Mulliganwas cited for the great strides he helpedmake in interagency training, includingthe successful establishment of the Executive Seminar Center in Kings Point, N. Y.35HENINGER, OWEN P., MD'35, ofProvo, Utah, retired as superintendent ofUtah State Hospital November 30 amidexpressions of praise from colleagues andUtah citizens. Dubbing him "Dean ofSuperintendents," the Intermountain Psychiatrie Association Newsletter said Dr.Heninger "has gained national récognition as a pioneer and innovator in hospitalreorganization in successfully decentral-izing a state hospital and developing whathas corne to be known as the 'unit System.' This philosophy of treatment hasgradually spread over the institutions ofthe country and has increasingly beenrecognized as a means of transforming acustodial institution into an active treatment center."During his administration he has wit-nessed the patient population at theUtah State Hospital drop from a high ofabout 1,400 patients to its présent population of less than 600 patients, in spiteof a greatly increased admission rate."(The hospital has the highest releaserate in the nation. )Dr. Heninger has been a member andofficer of many professional organizations,and in his 25 years as superintendent heestimâtes he has interviewed 10,000 to 12,000 patients. "I hâve never seen anything in a patient that I hâve not seenin myself," he said. "Processes and mecha-nisms which détermine health and diseasefor the most seriously ill people admittedto the State Hospital are essentially thesame processes and mechanisms that cre-ate "normal" behavior in the remainderof people. Gaining greater knowledge andcontrol of disease-making agents not onlybenefits those few people who happen toenter the hospital but may be turned tothe service of everyone."36EBERT, ROBERT HIGGINS, '36, MD'42, has been appointed dean of the Harvard University Médical School wherehe will head a staff of more than 500doctors and scientists, plus 1,000 youngerdoctors and scientists working with thefaculty in research and training. TheSchool of Dental Medicine will also beunder Dr. Ebert's supervision. A special-ist on lung infections, especially tubercu-losis, Dr. Ebert has practiced and taughtat the U of C Department of Medicine.From 1946-53 he was the Markle scholarat the University. Dr. Ebert, his wife, andthree children live in Cambridge, Mass.37CLARKE, PHILIP R., JR., '37, who en-tered the investment business almost 30years ago, is senior vice-président of TheChicago Corporation, a newly-formedsecurities firm. He was previously director of new business for the Chicago officeof Lehman Brothers, where he had beensince 1957. Mr. Clarke is vice-présidentof the Cook County School of Nursing,président of the Village of ClarendonHills, a member of the Citizens Board ofthe University, and chairman of the budgetcommittee of the United RepublicanFund of Illinois. He received the AlumniCitation in 1958.May, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27. AôJSLiw il \Mrs. Joseph Hackett Allen Austill Dudley MerrifieldALUMNI NEWSYOUMANS, E. GRANT, '37, AM'38,directs sociological research sponsoredjointly by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and the University of Kentucky,where he is associate professor of sociology. He is also editing a book, to bepublished by the University of KentuckyPress, on the rural aged in the UnitedStates.VAUGHAN, D. THROOP, '37, is secondvice-président in the bond department ofContinental Illinois Bank in Chicago. 4240McCOY, CHARLES F., '40, LLB'42,secretary of Sinclair Oil Corp., has beenelected to the board of directors of Central Life Assurance Co.SNELL, HEBER C, PhD'40, in his 13thyear as an extension teacher in the philosophy department of the University ofUtah in Logan and Ogden, is the authorof Ancient Israël: Its Story and Meaning.The third édition of the book was published recently by the University of UtahPress.41MINSKY, HYMAN P., '41, an associateprofessor at the University of California,Berkeley, has been appointed professorof économies at Washington University.Mr. Minsky, who has also taught atBrown University and at Harvard, is anauthority on monetary theory and haswritten in econometrics and économietheory as well. He is currently engagedin research on the possible unstablingeffect on the U. S. economy of growingpiivate and public indebtedness.SHEEKS, JOSEPH, '41, JD'48, a MillValley ( Calif . ) city councilman and for-mery mayor, has joined a law firm in SanRafaël. To do so he resigned as secretaryand senior attorney of Industrial Indem-nity Co. in San Francisco. He teachesat San Francisco Law School and is avétéran of World War II. REEDER, WARREN, '42, a Hammond(Ind. ), realtor, was one of 90 collectorsand scholars specializing in the Lincolnera who were invited to a White Houseluncheon on Lincoln's birthday.44KOCH, MICHAEL, '44, of Brooklyn,N. Y., has had two articles published inthe journal of the biological sciences division of the Spécial Libraries Assn. "TheReminder" appeared in the November,1964 issue, and "Spécial Libraries" waspublished in the February, 1965 issue.NUTTER, G. WARREN, '44, AM'48,PhD'49, is Chairman of the James WilsonDepartment of Economies at the University of Virginia. A specialist in Sovietéconomies, Mr. Nutter was invited togive two lectures, "How Soviet PlanningWorks" and "Récent Trends in the SovietEconomy" at Lebanon Valley Collège inAnnville, Penn. He is the author of twobooks: Extent of Enterprise Monopolyin the United States in 1951 and Growthof Industrial Production in the SovietUnion in 1962. In 1952-53 Mr. Nutterwas Division Chief of the Central Intelligence Agency, and since 1955 he hasbeen a member of the research staff of theNational Bureau of Economie Research.WILLIAMS, DAN, '44, BLS'45, is director of the Public Library of Des Moinesand is président of the Iowa Adult Education Assn.46DONOHUE, H.E.F. "Shag," '46, fictioneditor of the Ladies Home Journal, editor of the University of Chicago Magazine in 1953-4, and manager of a HydePark bookstore for ten years after graduation, is the author of The Higher Animais, published early this year by Viking.The novel has been reviewed by Time,The Saturday Review, and at least twoChicago newspapers. Set in the University neighborhood, the story recounts its hero's25th birthday, a day of violence, passion,murder, and a holocaust in which threepeople die. Fanny Butcher, retired literaryeditor of the Chicago Tribune, calls thenovel "compelling." "Seeing his charac-ters in the depths of thought is whatmakes the novel difficult to read, but italso makes it irresistibly provocative."Bruce Cook of the Chicago Daily Newswrites, "It's a first-rate Chicago novel;it moves with ease in distinguished Company."47HACKETT, MRS. JOSEPH (MERILYNMcGURK, '47), of Chicago, is callingherself the "hostess with the mostestcommittee" thèse days, because she headsa group of alumni 90-strong who areplanning the "After the Sing WingDing" Saturday, June 12 at the Quadrangle Club to cap reunion week. More-over, Mrs. Hackett insists that none ofher 90 are merely nominal committeemen;each has vowed to attend the party withspouse and guests. The chairwoman's hus-band, JOSEPH HACKETT, '42, SB'48,founded and heads J. J. Hackett Co., amanufacturer of tabulating cards, withoffices in Chicago, Cleveland, Détroit,Cincinnati, and Atlanta. The Hackettshâve three daughters, Joan, 13, Susan,11, and Patricia, 8.McCLURE, THORNTON, '47, treasurerand vice-président for business affairsat the University of Rhode Island, hasbeen elected to the executive committeeof the Eastern Association of Collège andUniversity Business Officers.48AUSTILL, ALLEN, '48, AM'51, has beennamed dean of The New School forSocial Research in New York. Dean Austill, who went to The New School in1962 to be associate dean for educationaladvising, has been acting dean sinceSeptember, 1964. At one time he wasdirector of student activities and housingat the U of C, and later he was director28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965Ian Barbourof admissions and placement at St. John'sCollège, Annapolis, Md. From 1957-62he was dean of students at the StateUniversity of New York's Long IslandCenter in Oyster Bay. Just before comingto The New School he was a Ford Foundation consultant in the Middle East,where he studied éducation in Jordanand made recommendations regardingestablishment of a university in thatcountry.MINDES, MARVIN, '48, JD'51, whotaught and organized programs at theU of C Downtown Center for sevenyears, has been in gênerai law practicein Chicago since 1953. For the last fouryears he has also served as chairman ofthe Board of Review of the Illinois Départaient of Labor.49MI.RRIFIELD, DUDLEY B., SM'49,PhD'54, is director of research for Petro-lite Corp. of St. Louis, Mo. He had beentechnical director of the company's research laboratory since 1963. Mr. Merri-field is a member of the American Chemical Society, Sigma Xi, and the AmericanAssociation for Advancement of Science.50BARBOUR, IAN G., PhD'50, is now afull professor and chairman of the department of religion at Carleton Collègein Northfield, Minn. A faculty membersince 1955, Mr. Barbour was one of fivemen awarded the first Danforth Foundation Associate Awards offered to profes-sors for "their dévotion to excellence inteaching and close personal contact withtheir students." He also received one of12 fellowships given by the AmericanCouncil of Learned Societies. In additionto being a scholar in religion, Mr. Barbour is a physicist. In 1957 he won aFrederick Gardner Cotrell grant fromResearch Corporation in New York forresearch on time variations of low energyWsmic rays, a study carried out in con-iunt tion with the International Geophysi-cal Vear. OUR LIGHTWEIGHT SHIRTSmade by us in our distinctive styleswith single-needle stitching throughoutWITH BUTTON-DOWN COLLARIn our zephyrweight oxford cloth.Long sleeves. White, $7 ; blue oryellow, $7.50Halj sleeves. White, $6.50; blue, $7In unusually fine lightweight Sea Island cotton.Blue, grey or wine stripes on white, $11.50In Brookscloth* White or light blue, $9.50Halj sleeves, in white, $8.50WITH ROUND COLLARIn cool -pin stripe cotton Madras—blue, tan or grey on white, $ 8WITH PLAIN COLLARIn blue-and-end cotton Madras, $ 8In white Brookscloth? $9.50; Halj sleeves, $8.50Ail shirts with long sleeves unless noted. 14-32 to 17 J4-36.*Dacron* polyester and cotton.ESTABLISHED 1818J^cns^Éoysfurnisbings.llatsCr^bocâ74 E. MADISON, NR. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO, ILL. 60602NEW YORK • BOSTON • PITTSBURCH • LOS ANGELES • SAN FRANCISCOMay, 1965 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJUNE REUNIONAL1TMNI NEWS' Enjoy an elegantly catered luncheon!KING, DANA G., JR., '50, now a majorwith the U. S. Air Force, is assigned to anAir Force hospital at West Ruislip RAFStation, England.KRASNER, OSCAR J., AM'50, is manager of planning and administration forthe corporate vice-président of researchand engineering of North American Aviation, Inc. at El Segundo, Calif. Mr. Kras-ner is also working on his PhD in management at the University of SouthernCalifornia.WEIL, JAMES L., '50, editor-publisherof New York's The Elizabeth Press, whichis devoted to modem poetry, is also apoet. His collection, The Thing Said, hasrecently been published by AmericanWeave Press in Cleveland.51FEIT, WALTER, '51, SM'51, of Yale,and JOHN G. THOMPSON, SM'56, PhD'59, professor of mathematics at the U ofC, hâve received the Frank Nelson ColePrize of the American Mathematical Society and thus share the nation's highestrécognition for research in algebra. Inthe last 37 years the prize has been givenonly 12 times, three of which it went toU of C mathematicians. The two newwinners, who worked together at Chicagobefore Mr. Feit went to Yale, hâve beenrecognized for their work on "The Solva-bility of Odd Order Groups," a 392 pageopus which was completed in 1961 andto which an entire issue of The PacificJournal of Mathematics was devoted.Parts of the paper are already beingused for further mathematical researchin group theory and its applications.( Group theory, a branch of modem high-er algebra, has implications for a rangeof subjects which reaches to the study ofatomic energy states and to quantummechanics. )MIKVA, ABNER J., JD'51, a member ofthe Illinois General Assembly, is nowchairman of that body's judiciary committee. After graduating Phi Beta Kappaand cum laude from the University, Mr. Mikva went to Washington as a lawclerk to the late Suprême Court JusticeSherman Minton of Indiana. He was alsoa Chicago law partner of Justice ArthurJ. Goldberg of the United States SuprêmeCourt. Mrs. Mikva is the former ZORITAWISE, '47, AM'51.OZERAN, ROBERT S., '51, SB'54, MD'55, is assistant chief of surgery at Wads-worth V. A. Hospital in Los Angelesand instructor in surgery at the UCLACenter for the Health Sciences. In Oc-tober Dr. Ozeran became a fellow ofthe American Collège of Surgeons. Athird son, James Daniel, was born tothe Ozerans last August.ROBBINS, DANIEL, '51, assistant cura-tor of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Muséum in New York, has been nameddirector of the Muséum of Art at theRhode Island School of Design, effectiveMay 1. Mr. Robbins, who holds a Mas-ters degree from Yale and who hasstudied at the New York University Insti-tute of Fine Arts, received a Fullbrightgrant and a French government fellow-ship in 1958 to study in Paris. He hastaught at Indiana University and HofstraUniversity and was an assistant at theNational Gallery of Art in 1959. At theGuggenheim Muséum, where he hasbeen since 1961, Mr. Robbins was assigned to prépare spécial exhibitions. Hehas written articles for scholarly journalsand has given several lectures. 5352BOYSAW, HAROLD E., AM'52, of Chicago, will receive the honorary degree ofDoctor of Humane Letters from IllinoisWesleyan University at Bloomington inJune.ZLATICH, MARKO, '52, has been chiefof documentation at the InternationalBank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, D. C, since 1962.Prior to that, he was the first editor ofWorld List of Future International Meetings, published by the Library of Congress. BERDISH, RUFUS, '53, of Grosse Isle,Mich., is a vocational rehabilitation co-ordinator in Dearborn.LAPPORTE, SEYMOUR J., SM'53, ofRichmond, Calif., married Anne Frankelin San Francisco in November. He is aresearch associate at the California Research Corp. and teaches chemistry parttime at the University of California Extension.55KURHAJEC, GEORGE A., '55, PhD'56,is a senior chemist for 3M Company atits Central Research Laboratories in St.Paul, Minn.PERLMAN, DANIEL, '55, AM'56, isnow assistant to the président of Roose-velt University, Chicago. He has taughtin the department of psychology andéducation at Illinois Institute of Technology and has worked with Chicagoyouth groups.WOERTHWEIN, ARTHUR T., MBA'55,formerly executive vice président of International Téléphone and TelegraphCorp.'s Morton Grove (111.) subsidiary,has become gênerai manager of a newopération. In his new position, Mr.Woerthwein heads a group of ITT divisions involved in the development, manufacture, and sales of industrial, institutional, and commercial heating and airconditioning equipment. He is based ata new Des Plaines ( 111. ) headquarters.56BOWSHER, JACK E., MBA'56, of ParkRidge, 111., sells computers for International Business Machines as an accountmanager. A second son, Robert Jack, wasborn to the Bowshers October 6.WALDMAN, ARTHUR L., '56, whoplans a career in clinical neurology, 1Scurrently a post-doctoral fellow at Ya'eUniversity.30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965WORLD TRADERFrom Argentina to Australia . . . from Tanzania to Turkey, GM's familiar trademarkis constantly on the go from country to country throughout the world.With 49 manufacturing, assembly or distribution centers in 22 foreign countries,employing more than 150,000 people, General Motors sells its products in morethan 150 countries.Who benefits? Everybody. Overseas customers get vehicles and other useful products built to their précise requirements. Résultant taxes, wages and technical ski Ilshelp stimulate the economy of foreign countries. The U. S. gets vital inflow ofdollars from overseas sales.And it's ail made possible by the people of General Motors . . . at home andabroad.General Motors Is People...making better things for youJUNE REUNIONMeet with your former classmates!ALUMNI XEWS57ROSENKRANTZ, WALTER A., '57, SB'57, is a visiting member of the CourantInstitute of Mathematical Sciences ofNew York University, where he is en-gaged in research on mathematical prob-ability.YONDORF, WALTER, AM'57, Phd'62,who had been in Bedford, Mass., withthe MITRE Corp., has been transferredto the Washington, D.C., office, whichis working with the Défense Communications Agency to establish the NationalMilitary Command System. Mr. Yondorf'stitle is Head of the Analysis RequirementGroup. His wife is the former ANNELOWALD, '46.58KATZ, SANFORD, JD'58, is an associateprofessor at the University of FloridaCollège of Law. His wife, the formerJOAN RAPHAËL, '56, is an instructorin psychiatry at the university's médicalcenter. This summer the couple will goto Northampton, Mass., where Mr. Katzwill lecture in law and social work atSmith Collège.59HOFFER, ABRAHAM, PhD'59, hasbeen appointed assistant professor ofphysics at George Williams Universityin Montréal.JACOBS, MISS ROSE MARY, AM'59, isa research associate with Social Research,Inc., of Chicago.SCHILDGEN, ROBERT W., AM'59, ofArlington Heights, 111., is a teacher andvarsity football and wrestling coach atMaine East High School in Park Ridge.STEFANS, DONALD J., '59, has a gênerai law practice in downtown Chicago.SUKIJASOVIC, MIODRAG, M. Comp. L., '59, is head of a research group inthe international law department of theInstitute of International Politics andEconomy in Beograd, Yugoslavia. Severalof his papers on public international lawand international économie law hâve beenpublished.60KRUG, MARK M., PhD'60, professor oféducation at the U of C, is the author ofLyman Trumhull: Conservatice Radical,published in March by A. S. Barnes Company of New York.YALOWITZ, EDWARD, JD'60, and hiswife, the former NANCY BARNETT, '60.of Evanston, 111., announce the birth ofRebecca Jo on October 10, 1964.61HOGE, JAMES JR., AM'61, has beentransferred from the Chicago Sun TimesWashington bureau to Chicago, wherehe will be assistant city editor. Mr. Hoge,a reporter for the newspaper since 1958,received a fellowship in 1962 from theAmerican Political Science Assn. to spendten months studying government opérations in Washington, after which he wasassigned to the Washington bureau.62LYNCH, THOMAS C, MBA'62, of OakPark, 111., is now assistant vice-présidentat Harris Trust and Savings Bank, Chicago. Before his promotion Mr. Lynchwas assistant cashier in the opérationsdepartment. He is a member of the BankMen's Assn. and Phi Gamma Nu.REAVIS, JAMES A., MBA'62, a firstlieutenant in the U.S. Army, was marriedto Miss Susan A. Johnson of New Canaan,Conn., February 6. Mrs. Reavis is a graduate of Goucher Collège and studied atthe University of Bordeaux in France.Lieutenant Reavis is a faculty member of the Army Intelligence School at FortHolabird, Md.SIMPSON, ROBERT H., PhD'62, ofRockville, Md., married Joanne Malkuson January 6, in Arlington, Va.63CHANG, LUKE L.Y., PhD'63, is a seniorscientist at Tem-pres Research, Inc., inState Collège, Pa.DEHNERT, EDMUND J., PhD'63, hasbeen acting chairman of the départaientof humanities at Amundsen-Mayfair JuniorCollège, Chicago since September, 1964.On May 2, he married Miss Donna MarieWroblewski, a graduate of the De PaulUniversity School of Music, Chicago.GRABURN, NELSON H., PhD'63, is assistant professor of anthropology at theUniversity of California, Berkeley. Inaddition to his teaching duties, Mr. Gra-burn continues research related to ninemonths of field work in 1963-64, whenhe studied ethnocentrism among Eskimosand Naskapi Indians of Ungava Penin-sula, Canada.STERN, FREDERICK C, AM'63, ofGary, Ind., is now an instructor in English at the Calumet campus of PurdueUniversity.64KUDRIAVETZ, MISS NANCY, AM'64,is an assistant supervisor for the Common-wealth Service Corps, a Massachusettsagency designed to mobilize the resourcesof people of ail âges throughout the stateto meet pressing human needs. With thepassage of anti-poverty législation inCongress, the Corps has also become thestate's Office of Economie Opportunity-Also associated with the Corps are U orC alumni MAX KARGMAN, '34, who iswith First Realty Corp., and MRS. ED-WIN FIRESTONE (ANITA SILVER-STEIN, '44).32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965Thèse five menwere new to the life insurance business . . .See how farthey've gone withMass Mutualin just 12 months!Not ail businesses measure success in terms of years served.Take thèse 5 men as a case in point. Two years ago, notone of them had any expérience in the Life Insurance field.Now they've become the most successful first-year menin their company! Each is his own boss, chooses his owncustomers, and enjoys earning a living helping people. Andthe amount of money each earns is in direct proportion tohis achievements. No income ceilings. No ladder to climb.A career with Mass Mutual can start anytime; and it canprogress as fast as you want it to.Mass Mutual men work for themselves, but not by them-selves! Behind them is a strong company, both at the localagency level and in the home office. For Mass Mutual hasover $3 billion in assets and over a century of expérience.If you're interested in a career like this, write a letterabout yourself to: Charles H. Schaaff, Président,Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, Springfleld,Mass. He's always interested in good men!Massachusetts mutuallife insurance companySpringfleld, Massachusetts / organized 1851 Samuel J. RabinHôtel owner and manager . . . servedin the Army Air Corps during WWII... graduated from U of Miami '49... 6 years expérience in advertising,9 years in hôtel business . . . joinedMass Mutual in Miami July '63 . . .sales totaled $1,863,650 in his first12 months.Jon W. RoggliU.S. Air Force 22 years . . . served aspilot with rank of Captain in WWII. . . won DFC . . . received BS degreeU. of Maryland '56, plus LLB LaSalleExt. U . . . joined Mass Mutual at SanRafaël, Calif. January '64 firstyear sales totaled $1,182,084.Howard W. WingMarketing Manager, vinyl fabricatingfirm ... 14 years sales and marketingexpérience . . . WWII Air Forcevétéran . . . '49 Dartmouth graduate... joined Nashua, N. H. agency July'63 . . . first full year's production withMass Mutual reached $1,004,575.John W. ScarboroughJoined Mass Mutual October '63 atâge 22 before completing under-graduate studies at U. of PugefSound . . . worked part of a year asa commercial fisherman to helpfinance collège ... in his first full yearwith the Seattle agency, his salestotaled $1,041,000.David J. BelknapPrésident, Catering firm . . . BS degreeOhio State University '47 ... after 20years in family business, joinedColumbus agency January '64 ...sales during his first year totaled$799,500.Some of the University of Chicago Alumni in the Massachusetts Mutual service:Morris Landwirth, C.L.U., '28, PeoriaMaurice Hartman, '40, ChicagoPetro Lewis Patras, '40, ChicagoThéodore E. Knock, '41, Chicago Harry R. Srole, '41, '47, Los AngelesJacob E. Way, Jr., '50, WaukeganRolf Erik G. Becker, C.L.U., OaklandJesse J. Simoson, C.L.U., Niagara FailsCHICAGO REVIEWA QUARTERLY MAGAZINE OF LITERATURE,CRITICISM, AND ARTSubscriptions : $3.50 per yearNameAddress .City _State -ZipD $3.50 enclosed ? bill meThe University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637YOUR FAVORITEFOU NT A IN TREATTASTES BETTERWHEN IT'Sv MÀDI WITHSwiftV.JceCreaniiA product f Swift &7409 SePhone I CompanySo. State StreetRAdcliffo 3-7400We operate our own dry cleaning plant1309 East 57th St.Ml dway 3-0602 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.NO rmal 7-98581553 E. 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Jackson Blvd TéléphoneMOnroa 6-3192THIS pylon on our new plant marksa milestone in our thirty yearsof service to organizationsrequiring fine skills, latesttechniques and large capacity.Our work is as diversifiée! as theneeds and products of our customersPhoto press¦¦¦jji^anijjii.uijjtiEisenhower Expressway at Gardner RoadBROADVIEW, ILL. COlumbus 1-1420Since 7878HANNIBAL, INC.Fvrnit ore RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Resfored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. Ll 9-7180BEST BOILER REPAIR & WELDING CO.24 HOVR SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave.. Chicago34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965Bill Lowery- talent agent, music publlsher and operator ofa recording studio -discusses his new insurance programwith New England Life représentative Robert Evensen."How I sold 1,017,000 of Life Insurancein my first year with New England Life."Bob Evensen was 40 when he applied for a job withus in 1963. Although he had 20 years of sales expérience, he had never sold life insurance before.One year after he was hired, Bob had sold $1,017,000of life insurance, and had become a member of NewEngland Life's Hall of Famé. We asked Bob to ex-plain in a paragraph how he did it."As soon as I finished my basic training at NewEngland Life (which was excellent), I set my ownquota of $100,000 a month. I tried to hâve a minimumof 15 interviews a week with at least 2 applications,"Bob says. "Direct mail has proven a very goodsource of leads. Selling life insurance is the greatestbusiness in the world, and coming with New EnglandNEW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY: ALL FORMS OF INDIVIDUAL AND Life was one of the best décisions l've ever made".If you would like to investigate a career with NewEngland Life, there's an easy first step to take. Sendfor our free Personality-Aptitude Analyzer. It's asimple exercise you can take in about ten minutes.Then return it to us and we'll mail you the results.(This is a bona fide analysis and many men find theycannot qualify.) It could be well worth ten minutes ofyour time.Write: Vice Président George Joseph, Dept. AL2,501 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. 02117. We'd like tohear from you.NEW ENGLAND LIFE~GROUP LIFE INSURANCE, ANNUITIES AND PENSIONS, GROUP HEALTH COVERAGES.THESE CHICAGO ALUMNI ARE NEW ENGLAND LIFE REPRESENTATIVES:George Marselos, '34, Chicago • A. Raymond Anderson, '46, Wiehita • John R. Downs, CLU, '46, ChicagoT-MEMORIALS-BEACH, CLINTON L., '97, of HighlandPark, 111., has died.PARDEE, MARY, '99, of Evanston, 111.,died September 11, 1964. At the time ofher retirement in 1943 she had taughtchemistry, physics, and mathematics inChicago high schools for 40 years. Shewas a charter and a life member of theUniversity of Chicago Collège Club, amember of the Women's Overseas ServiceLeague, and a member of the ChemistrySociety of America.ATWOOD, HARRIET TOWLE, '05, ofWeston, Mass., died December 23. Mrs.Atwood, a member of Phi Beta Kappa,belonged to the Worcester Art Muséumand the Clark University (Worcester,Mass.) Faculty Women's Club. (Her latehusband had been président of Clark. )She was one of the founders of ShadyHill School in Cambridge.LAWRANCE, HAROLD G., '08, of Knox-ville, Tenn., died January 23. The 82-year-old educator taught in the Chicagoarea for 32 years before moving to Knox-ville in 1956. There he taught at theUniversity of Tennessee Evening Schoolfor five years until he was forced to retire at 75. He continued teaching, however, by tutoring students who werehaving académie difBculties. Among sur-vivors is a daughter, MRS. W. H. RUS-SELL (LOIS LAWRANCE, '44, AM'47),with whom Mr. Lawrance made hishome in récent years.RICHARDS, MARGARET (formerlyMargaret E. Haass, '11), of Chicago, diedJanuary 9. She was past président of theHyde Park Friends of the Chicago JuniorSchool at Elgin, past secretary of theKenwood Garden Club and a directorof the Republican Women Voters.BUNTA, EMIL, MD'14, of Chicago, whoretired in 1952 after 32 years on themédical staff of Municipal Tuberculosissanitarium, died February 1. Most ofhis service was with tuberculosis clinics;he had written articles and pamphlets onthe treatment of the disease. HUTSLER, FRANCIS L., '14, of LosAngeles, died March 8. Before retirementhe had worked for the Los Angelesbranch of the United States Rubber Co.for 33 years.COWAN, JAMES R., 15, SM'28, a former chairman of the Department ofGeology and Geography at Kansas City( Kan. ) Junior Collège, died last July.WARREN, CLAUDE, 17, AM19, aminister from La Grange, 111. , has died.BERKEY, WILLIAM A., AM18, a minister for 53 years, died January 5. Forthe last 46 years he had served HolyTrinity Lutheran Church in Beechview,Pittsburgh, Pa.MEYERS, EDNA (formerly Edna Rich-ardson, 19), a retired teacher from Chicago, died February 4.BRANNER, GEORGE C, AM'20, California State Geologist from Piedmont,died August 3.CRANDALL, ANDREW, AM'20, ofGreencastle, Ind., died May 1, 1963. Hehad been a professor of history.SHANBERG, ABRAHAM H., '20, MD'22, a retired physician from Chicago,died December 18.PROVINSE, JOHN H., '25, '28, AM'30,PhD'34, an anthropologist and directorof the non-governmental IntenationalVoluntary Services, Washington, D. C,died January 21. He had held his position at IVS, an agency dedicated todevelopment of small-scale agriculturalprojects abroad, since last November. Aspecialist in rural sociology, Mr. Provinsewas appointed professor of anthropologyat the University of Arizona in 1936.Four years later he joined the U. S. SoilConservation Service, for which he spentfour years at a Navajo Indian réservation. After World War II he becameassistant commissioner of the Department of the Interior's Indian AffairsBureau. He left government work in 1953to teach at the American University in Cairo, Egypt. In 1958 Mr. Provinse wentto the Philippines to study the causes ofrural poverty for the University of thePhilippines. Among his writings are Coopérative Rice-Field Cultivation in In-donesia, Cultural Factors in Land UsePlanning and The Changing Indian.ROSS, SARAH E., '26, of St. Louis, Mo.,died November 2, 1964.FRENTZ, FRANCES (formerly FrancesLawton, '27), of Park Ridge, 111., diedJune 13, 1962. She is survived by herhusband, ARTHUR J. FRENTZ, '25.STARK, CECIL, '27, of Hinsdale, 111.,died January 7.SMITH, HERBERT R., '28, of Ft. Laud-erdale, Fia., died October 21, 1964.LEAF, GRACE (formerly Grâce Gowens,'29) of South Holland, 111., died February18. At one time she had been with theU. S. Bureau of Standards in Washington,D. C.PENNER, BABETTE (formerly BabetteBlack, '29), a social worker in Chicago,died February 25.CHARLES, LUCILE, '30, professor ofdrama and speech at East Carolina Collège, Green ville, N. C, died March 7 inCleveland. Miss Charles held master'sdegrees from Yale and Columbia Univer-sities, and she had studied at the JungInstitute for Analytical Psychology inZurich, Switzerland, for two years on aBollingen Foundation fellowship.GUY, DOUGLAS, SM'51, a universitymathematics teacher in Washington, D.C, died August 18, 1964.RICHARDS, ELEANOR, AM'52, of Chicago, died March 15. She had been asocial service case worker for the ChicagoChild Care Society for 23 years.HAVEL, FRANK L., MBA'61, a lieutenant colonel with the U. S. Army Mo-bility Command in Centerline, Mich.,died in February.36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAY, 1965WHEN 'BLUE CHIP' INSURANCE BECOMES A CRYING NEEDThe wail that follows that first resounding smack on the bottom signais a flockof new needs and responsibilities. Among them, surely, is the needfor adéquate life insurance to protect your growing family.But why, specifically, Connecticut Mutual's 'Blue Chip' insurance?Simply because men who hâve analyzed and compared hâve foundthat there are marked différences in companies and policies...and 119-year-old Connecticut Mutual has telling advantages.In low net cost (thanks to higher dividends). In sure-handed service(thanks to top-notch agents). In plans tailored to your exact needs(thanks to an unusually high number of benefits and options).So when there's a crying need in your home, look into the 'Blue Chip' company.Surely, for your baby and the whole brood, only the best will do.Connecticut Mutual LifeThe 'Blue Chip' company that's low in net cost, too.THE CONNECTICUT MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, HARTFORD, CONN. Your fellow alumni now with C. M. L.Joseph H. Aaron '27 ChicagoEdward B. Bâtes, CLU '40 Home OfficeHarvey J. Butsch '38 ChicagoGeorge P. Doherty IndianapolisPaul O. Lewis, CLU '28 ChicagoFred. G. Reed '33 ChicagoRichard C. Shaw, M.D. Grad. School Home OfficeRussell C. Whitney, CLU '29 ChicagoGREAT MOMENTS AT CHICAGOIIAIMD IROIMEO itIn 1909 a young professor at the University of Chicago worked late, missing adinner party. One of the guests was baffled to hear the explanation : "he hadwashed and ironed for an hour and a half and had to finish the job."Robert A. Millikan was indeed hard at work, watching an ion - an ionizeddroplet of oil suspended in air between the opposing forces of gravity. Whenthe "job" was finally finished — hundreds of hours of patient observation later— the young professor had demonstrated for the first time the unit&ry natureof electricity, a discovery which later brought him the Nobel Prize.* The University of Chicago provides a highly charged atmosphère for scientific research.And the University of Chicago Press is ever watchful for scientific develop-ments around the world. The resuit is books like thèse :SLEEP AND WAKEFULNESSBy NATHANIEL KLEITMAN. A revision of Kleitman's 1939 mono-graph covering the progress of sleep research during the interveningyears. Emphasis on physiological rather than clinical aspects. "Des-tined to become the classic référence work on sleep and wakeful-ness."— EDWARD A. WOLPERT, M.D., Archives of General Psy-chiatry. 552 pp., illus. $12.50TRANSMETHYLATION AND METHIONINEBIOSYNTHESISEdited by STANLEY K. SHAPIRO and FRITZ SCHLENK. A collection of papers dealing with many new aspects of transmethylationreactions, such as those involved in methionine biosynthesis, sterolsynthesis, and RNA coding problems. $12.50UNIVERSITY f^OFUCHICAGO ELEMENTS OF CLOUD PHYSICSBy HORACE ROBERT BYERS. A review text that restâtes the basicprinciples of cloud physics and defines basic quantities and proc-essines in the thermodynamics of the atmosphère and of clouds, withréférence to récent work in the field. 272 pp. illus. $7.50ISOTOPES IN EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOCYEdited by LLOYD J. ROTH. Proceedings of a conférence held inJune, 1964, discussing the use of isotopes as research tools and theirvalue in solving problems in pharmacology, with particular référence to drug distribution and metabolism. 512 pp., illus. $12.50*Millikan hïmselj describes his many researches in the classic work THE ELECTRON, first published by the University oj Chicago Press in 1917. Reprint édition, 1963, with an introduction by Jesse W. M. DuMond. $6.00 cloth, $2.45paper.Chicago and London