Theniversityhicago magazine53 -A-. .%&' M'NOAX CRETEti:»ri!sï&7\xi..!.\EOYfM1DDLE KWGDfi/ TAMAKISM CHaiSTIlANlTYGODpositiv; HEROSMy\-&- ¦&*>& &— -"Ses11 tj HERDERïCHU7 H1NPLANTATIONS ETTLERS L-New England Life agent Ken Mellen (UticaCollège) calls at the home of Mr. and Mrs.Ray Cook in Utica, New York.How many reasons do you need to change careers?Two good reasons were enough for Ken Mellen.Although he was already off to a promising start inanother business, he chose a new career in lifeinsurance with New England Life. As Ken puts it:"I wanted a chance for unlimited earnings. And Iwanted work that would give me freedom to makemy own career décisions."How's Ken doing in his new career? By the endof his first year with us, he had sold more than onemillion dollars worth of life insurance! (And hisincome was already well up into five figures.)That's an impressive achievement. But Ken hasthe right things going for him. Enthusiasm.Détermination. Sound New England Life training.Diligence in applying that training. And the abilityto inspire confidence in the people he deals with.Take his association with Ray Cook, forexample. Ray, who owns the Kirby Vacuum Cleaner Distributorship in Utica, signed up forPersonal life insurance with Ken. He liked the waythings were handled and called Ken in to workout a group insurance plan for his salesmen. Thèsemen, in turn, were so impressed that each of themwent to Ken for personal life insurance. Beginto see how Ken reached the million mark?Does this kind of challenging, rewarding careersound good to you? There are wonderful opportunités in it — especially with the guidance andsupport of a good company. Find out if you canmeet our qualifications. Write to Vice PrésidentJohn Barker, Jr., 501 Boylston Street, Boston,Massachusetts 02117.NEW ENGLAND LIFENEW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INS. CO. INDIVIDUAL AND GROUPLIFE INSURANCE, ANNUITIES, PENSIONS, GROUP HEALTH PLANSAMONG MID-WEST COLLEGE ALUMNI ARE THESE NEW ENGLAND LIFE REPRESENTATIVES: CHICAGO:George Marselos, '34, Chicago • John R. Downs, CLU, '46, Chicago INDIANA: Harry T. Eidson, CLU, '37, Dallas • Richard E.McCreary, '38, Houston • Robert A. Walz, '40, Indianapolis • Robert M. French, CLU, '42, Indianapolis • Ralph H. Henry, '48,Indianapolis • Arnold J. Bowman, '51, St. Louis • Robert E. Kerr, '51, Indianapolis • Alfred D. Sachs, '52, Fort Wayne • WallaceH. Dunbar, '54, Louisville • Charles W. Schwartz, '61, Ft. Wayne MICHIGAN: Charles J. Frisbie, '16, Seattle • Myron D.Noble, '16, Lincoln, Neb. • John B. Parker, CLU, '17, Chicago • Howard B. Knaggs, '21, Détroit • William W. Clore, CLU, Gen-ral Agent, '24, Phoenix • James H. Prentiss, Jr., CLU, '25, Chicago • E. Clare Weber, CLU, General Agent, '30, Cleveland •Don B. Conley, '32, Seattle • Paul G. Furer, '37, New York • Henry F. Silver, CLU, '37, New York • Keith A. Yoder, '40, Indianapolis • John C. Larson, '42, Honolulu • Robert N. Samuels, CLU, General Agent, '42, Denver • William D. Samuels, CLU, '46,Denver • Joseph H. Lackey, CLU, '50, Détroit • Robert A. Grierson, '51, Détroit • Richard G. Martin, CLU, '52, Los Angeles •David T. White, '52, Détroit • David L. Larson, '58, Toledo PURDUE: Wendell Barrett, CLU, '19, Indianapolis • W. DonaldJohnson, '22, Phoenix • Hugh W. Rankin, Jr., '39, Dayton • Thomas J. Magee, CLU, '47, Portland, Ore. • Robert K. Garrett, '49,Lafayette • James A. Lynn, '55, Chicago WISCONSIN: Godfrey L. Morton, '29, Milwaukee • Joseph E. Cassidy, '34, Madison• Martin B. Lehman, CLU, '35, Kansas City • John C. Zimdars, CLU, Agency Manager, '39, Madison • Kenneth V. Anderson, '40,Savannah • Burt A. Smith, '40, Madison • Edward M. LeVine, '46, Milwaukee • Robert L.Jones, '47, Racine • Milton H. LeBlang,'48, New York«Grover G. Boutin, Jr., '50, Minot, N.D. • Richard J. Reilly, CLU, 51, Cleveland • Wallace J. Hilliard, '59, Oshkosh.Thèse University of Chicago men are New England Life représentatives:GEORGE MARSELOS, '34, ChicagoROBERT P. SAAIBACH, '39, Omaha JOHN R. DOWNS, C.L.U., '46, ChicagoHERBERT W. SIEGAL, '46, San AntonioPublished for alumni and friends of The University of Chicago,and ail others interested in the pursuit of knowledge.VOL. LVI NO. 6MARCH 1964Annual subscription $5.00Single copy 50 centsPublished monthly, October through June.Nine issues per year.HENRY H. HARTMANN, Editer(Mrs.) RONA MEARS, Editorial AssistantTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE5733 University Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637Téléphone: Mldway 3-0800, Extension 3241Area Code: 312Published monthly, October through June, by the Universityof Chicago Alumni Association, 5733 University Avenue,Chicago, Illinois 60637. Annual subscription price, $5.00.Single copies, 50 cents. Second class postage paid atChicago, Illinois. Advertising agent: American AlumniMagazines, 22 Washington Square, New York, New York.^Copyright 1964 The University of Chicago Magazine.Ail rights reserved. Published since 19071 '•^B[iiimm niversityhicagoMAGAZINEFEATURESThe Art of the Freshman Essay 7by Wayne C. BoothThe Cultural Mile 12From The Christian Science Monitorby Dorothea Kahn JaffeThe Rise of the West 1 6Interdependence of nations and eventsby William H. McNeillThe editors invite manuscripts and suggestions for feature storiesfrom alumni, faculty, staff and students. Topics should be relevantto the pursuit of knowledge and the exchange of ideas. Détailsupon request.DEPARTMENTSThis IssueJust Off The QuadranglesSummer jobs in governmentSchedule of Alumni EventsNew BooksThe University of Chicago PressTower TopicsAround the MidwayNews of AlumniMemorials 224572426321This Issue . . .Our thanks to Wayne C. Booth forhis discussion of the freshman essay( 7 ) ; to Dorothea Kahn Jaffe for herlook at the Campus and to theChristian Science Monitor for permission to make use of the originalmaterial (12); to William H. Mc-Neill and The University of ChicagoPress for permission to reprint theexcerpt from The Rise of the West,and to members of the U. of C.Press for their assistance with re-search and sélection (16). Readerswho would like to own their per-sonal copy of The Rise of the Westwill find a convenient way for order-ing this book (see page 5). The de-lightful gift items presented by TheUniversity of Chicago Bookstoremay be of particular interest toreaders of this Magazine ( 24 ) .The CoverWilliam H. McNeill (see featureon page 16 ) .Photograph of Mr. McNeill byThéodore M. Switz.Background illustrations consistof a montage of drawings fromThe Rise of the West; originaldrawings by Bêla Petheo.Other illustration crédits: ArchieLieberman (7, 10); Danny Lyon(8, 9); Campus sketches by FélixPalm, reproduced by permission ofThe Christian Science Monitor ( 12—15); Théodore M. Switz (16); (18-23) from The Rise of the West. Just Off the Quadr anglesStudents in Government ProgramBradley Patterson Senator Gale W. McGeeThe University of Chicago Alumni AssociationPHILIP C. WHITE, '35, Ph.D.'38 PrésidentFERD KRAMER, '22 Chairman, The Alumni FundHAROLD R. HARDING, Executive Director • RUTH G. HALLORAN, Administrative AssistantHARRY SHOLL, Director, The Alumni Fund • FLORENCE MEDOW, Asst. Director, The Alumni FundJEAN HASKIN, Program DirectorEastern régional office: DAVID R. LEONETTI, Director,20 West 43rd Street, New York, N.Y. 10036 Téléphone: PEnnsylvania 6-0747Los Angeles représentative: (MRS.) MARIE STEPHENS,1195 Charles Street, Pasadena, Calif. 91103 Téléphone: SYcamore 3-4545 (after 3 P.M.)San Francisco représentative: MARY LEEMAN,Room 146, 420 Market Street, San Francisco, Calif. 94111 Téléphone: YUkon 1-1180Washington, D.C. représentative: (MRS.) SHIRLEY MECKL1N6216 Western Avenue, Chevy Chase, Maryland Téléphone: 656-0068Memhership: Open to graduâtes and former students of The University of Chicago.One year, $5 single, $6 joint; three years, $12 single, $15 joint; Life, $100 single, $125joint (payable in five annual installments ) . Includes Magazine subscription. Very high in our lexicon of favorite alumni are those who not onlyhâve good ideas, but followthrough.The idea-man in this case isBradley Patterson, '42, AM'43, whowas assistant secretary of the Cabinet during most of the EisenhowerAdministration, shifted over to theexecutive secretaryship of thePeace Corps in its formative period,and is now national security affairsadviser to the Secretary of theTreasury.Brad is one of the more impres-sive examples of a fact about TheUniversity which is not much pub-licized: that the U. of C. has longsupplied a remarkable number of2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964S/nce 7878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Resfored1919 N. Sheffîeld Ave. • Ll 9-7180BOYD & GOULDSINCE 1888HYDE PARK AWNING C0. INC.SINCE 1896NOW UNDER ONE MANAGEMENTAwnings and Canopies for AH Purposes9305 South Western Phone: 239-1511Y OUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTASTES BETTERWHEN IT'S . . .A product -I Swift & Company7409 So. State StreetPhone RAdcliffe 3-7400T. A. REHWQUBT C0f SidewalksFactory FloorsMachineFoundationsConcrète BreakingNOrmal 7-0433We operate our own dry cleaning plant1309 East57th St.Ml dway 3-0602 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.NOrmal 7-98581553 E. Hyde Park Blvd.1442 E. 57th FAirfax 4-5759Mldway 3-0607 expert specialists and upper-levelagency administrators to the careerfédéral service.It's apparently true, too, that thecivil service was an accidentaicareer choice for most of thèsealumni. The U. of C. people inWashington were, for the most part,sought out for their unusual com-binations of abilities— which fit jobsthey'd never heard of.Brad exemplifies that, too. Hisfirst fédéral position was unantici-pated and unsought. There was asudden need for people fluent inGerman translation in Washingtonin the spring of 1945, for the gov-ernment had just corne into possession of mountains of Third Reichdocuments and didn't hâve re-motely enough people to read them.It happened that Brad had done hisA. M. thesis in the Committee onSocial Thought (he was its firstgraduate) on a German philosopher; Q.E.D. By June of '45 hewas in Washington, translating thejournals of Hitler's personal interpréter. He was the first man to readthis first-hand record of nearly ailthe international conférences,' in-cluding those with Mussolini, inwhich Hitler was personally in-volved from 1933 on.With that personal history andthe fédéral career which grew outof it, Brad had long believed thatthe government is both undersoldand misrepresented as a careerchoice for young men and women.To many, it looks like a tangled webof ponderously named bureaus. Thecareer man quickly learns that be-hind that image are some jobswhich offer an absorbing challengeto a person of skill and intelligence.Brad's idea was simple: whycouldn t a few alumni in fédéralagencies combine their interest inThe University with their knowledge of governmental ropes, andgive a hand to current U. of C. students? Each year thousands of university students from across thecouritry apply for relatively scarcesummer jobs in Washington. Manya promising applicant never makesit because he doesn't know whatjobs are where.An alumni committee in Washington, Brad thought, could pro vide the sort of counsel whichwould help U. of C. students standin f air compétition for the availablepositions. Yale and Columbia hadstarted such programs with goodresults. Why not Chicago?We agreed. Our attitude wasshared by Anita Sandke, director ofcareer counseling and placementhère on the campus. Her office haslong handled regular fédéral placement for University students andgraduâtes, and welcomed the helpof Washington alumni with the pro-posed summer-job projeet.Over the past eight months,Brad's idea has gotten a name, for-mal status, a committee, and ahealthy start. It will be late inspring before we know how manyUniversity students will be placedthis year, for each is in compétitionon his own merits as a temporaryfédéral employée and there is, ofcourse, no way of predicting first-year statistics.Last summer's idea is now TheUniversity of Chicago in Government Service, formally adopted bythe Alumni Association on January21 and administered jointly by Mrs.Sandke's office and ours. The com-mitteemen are:William Cannon, '47, AM'49,assistant chief, Division of Législative Référence, Bureau of the Budget.. continuedDegasThe most comprehensive collection of etchings by Edgar Degasever shown in this country will beon exhibit May 4 to June 12. Opento the public Monday through Fri-day 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.; Saturday1 to 5 p. m. Goodspeed Hall, 59thStreet at El lis Avenue.THE RENAISSANCE SOCIETY OFTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO.(Spécial preview for members andtheir friends, Sunday May 3, from5 to 7 p. m.)POND LETTER SERVICE, Inc.Everything in LettersHooven TypewritingMulrigraphingAddressograph Service MimeographingAddressingMailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAH Phones: 2 1 9 W. Chicago Ave.Ml 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisMARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 3Leurrent ^cneduleol ^Tlumnl C^uentâMctich 23id: Evening meeting, Miami andMiami Beach Area Alumni Club, 8 p.m.,Holiday Inn, U. S. Highway #1. Speaker:Dr. H. Stanley Bennett, dean of the Division of Biological Sciences, professor, Department of Anatomy and Committee onBiophysics. Topic: "Chicago Highlights."March 26th: Luncheon meeting, Orlandoand Winter Park, Florida Area Alumni,12:30, Langford Hôtel, Winter Park.Speaker: James M. Sheldon, Jr., assistantto the Président. Topic: "A Look at theMidway; Where We've Been and WhereWe're Headed."April Ist: Réception, San Francisco BayArea Alumni Club, 5 to 7 p. m., San Francisco Bar Association Lounge, Mills Tower,2 lst floor, 220 Bush Street, San Francisco.Guest of Honor: Mrs. George Wells Beadle.April lOth, Uth, 12th: A Week-end in Résidence, The Emeritus Club of the AlumniAssociation, The Center for ContinuingEducation, 1307 East 60th Street, Chicago.Topic: "The City in Society." Panel: BerniceNeugarten, associate professor, Committeeon Human Development; Joël Seidman, professor, Division of Social Sciences and theGraduate School of Business; Harold M.Mayer, professor, Department of Geogra-phy; Edward A. Maser, professor andchairman, Department of Art; Emeritus Clubmembers and Emeriti Trustées.April 16th: Réception, 5:30 to 7:30 p.m.,Washington, D.C. Alumni Club, Sheraton-Carlton Hôtel, 16th & K Streets, Washington,D.C. Speaker: Robert E. Streeter, Dean,Division of the Humanities, professor, Department of English. Topic: "The Day TheyTurned the Libraries Into Parking Lots."April 17th: Luncheon meeting, PhiladelphiaAlumni club, 12:15, Warwick Hôtel, 17thand Locust Streets, Philadelphia. Speaker:Robert E. Streeter, Dean, Division of theHumanities, professor, Department of English.April 18th: Réception, 5:30 to 7:30 p.m.,Kansas City, Missouri Alumni Club, Adver-tising and Sales Executive Club, 913 Baltimore, Kansas City, Missouri. Speaker: Dr.George V. LeRoy, professor, Department ofMedicine. Topic: "Change in the Practice ofMedicine."May 2nd: Convention, San Francisco BayArea Club. Speakers include: NicholasKatzenbach, professor, Law School andDeputy Attorney General. Topic: "Communication."May 27 th.: Annual Dinner, Cleveland AreaAlumni Club, 5:30 p.m., Cleveland Engineering and Scientific Center, 3100 ChesterAvenue, Cleveland, Ohio. Speaker: EdwardW. Rosenheim, Jr., professor, Departmentsof English and Humanities, The Collège.June 12th and 13th: Ail- Alumni Reunion onthe Campus of The University.June 13th: Eighth Annual CommunicationDinner, Quadrangle Club, 1155 East 57thStreet, Chicago. Laurin Henry, AM'48, PhD'60,senior staff member in the Divisionof Governmental Studies, the Brook-ings Institution.The Hon. Gale W. McGee, PhD'47, United States Senator fromWyoming.Burton Moyer, Jr., '39, trainingofficer in the Office of the Secretaryof Défense.John P. Netherton, '38, AM'39,PhD'51, director of the Office ofU. S. Programs and Services,Bureau of Educâtional and CulturalAffairs, Department of State.Daniel M. Ogden, AM'47, PhD'49, Resources Program staff, Officeof the Secretary of the Interior.Lee Westrate, AM'49, PhD'63?management analyst for science andtechnology, Bureau of the Budget.Students from ail parts of TheUniversity are eligible for the newprogram, which will include someorientation and hosting by the com-mitteemen and other Washingtonalumni this summer. We'U reportwith pleasure as UCGS (just tomake our own contribution to thefédéral alphabet) becomes an ac-complished f act.We are particularly honored bySen. McGee's most cordial accept-ance of our invitation to serve onthe UCGS committee, and shouldmention that he is not alone as analumnus in Congress. Rep. AugustE. Johansen, '26, BD'28, Republicanfrom Michigan, is the other Con-gressional graduate of The University. Sen. Roman Hruska, NebraskaRepublican, attended with the 1928Law class, and Rep. John A. Blat-nik, Democrat-Farm Laborite fromMinnesota, did graduate study onthe Midway in 1938.We tend, besides, to think of bothSen. Paul Douglas and Rep. BarrattO'Hara as alumni de facto. Our Illinois senior senator, besides his longmembership on The University fac-ulty, is distinguished as the hus-band of Emily Taft Douglas, 19,herself a former Illinois Representa-tive-at-Large. Mr. O'Hara also hasclose family connections with TheUniversity (in his brother, Frank,'15, now an emeritus member of the yersatilityFrom a small one-color sheet to awork of thousands of pages, from afull color catalog to a giant display,hère one can see the gamut ofprinting jobs. Diversity of productclearly indicates our versatility.Fine skills and varied talents of ourpeople are supported by a widerange of caméra and plate equipment,offset presses of several typesfrom the smallest to the largestand a complète pamphlet binderyPhoto press¦¦IJ J 1^«1J!I.I.I II J!UCongress Expressway at Gardner RoadBROADVIEW, ILL COlumbus 1-14208 out of 10people hâveiatrophobia.*It is easyto overcome.* Iatrophobia is fear of going tothe doctor. The cure starts whenyou lift your phone and make anappointment with your doctorfor a complète physical checkup.Half the cases of cancer couldbe cured, if they were diag-nosed early and treatedlpromptly. Your best cancer Iinsurance is a health checkup every year.Make that phone call |now. It might save your life.AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETYTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964English Department, and son Bar-ratt, Jr., '29), and has been a stead-fast friend of The University in his15 years as Représentative from theIllinois Second District, in whichthe U. of C. is located.Washington, D.C. ReprésentativeOn hand to help the UCGS committee and other alumni doings inWashington is our fourth régionalreprésentative, who is now gettingacquainted with her fellow alumniin the fédéral city preparatory toreestablishment of the alumni clubthere.She is Shirley Karr Mecklin, '43,who lives on the Chevy Chase sideof the District line and brings international expérience to her newpart-time post. Both she and herhusband, John, are journalists bytrade. He returned last month aftertwo years in Viet-Nam as UnitedStates Information Agency officer.Before that he was a Time-Life for-eign newsman on quite a string ofbeats.This came up when we askedShirley where she had lived sinceleaving The University. It seems shewas herself a reporter, at varioustimes, in Chicago, Washington,Singapore, and Rome; but we gaveup after the eleventh city on a listof résidences which also includedLondon, Hong Kong, and Beirut.Her appointaient complètes theplanned expansion of Alumni Association régional staff which we re-ported a few months back. Thereare now représentatives serving ailfour of the major concentrations ofU. of C. alumni outside Chicago-New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Washington, each ofwhich has more than 1,700 graduâtes.MarriedFinally, we announce benignlythe Feb. 14 marriage of our program director, Jean Phillips, toWarren Haskin. That growing listof régional meetings which is nowbeing carried monthly in the Magazine is Jean's work. She will, to ourrelief, continue on the Associationstaff no matter how nice a chapWarren is. -H.R.H. i lew £5ookô wromThe University of Chicago PressThe Year of the Gorilla— by George B. Schaller. An extraordinarilysensitive story of a year in the mountain forests of Eastern Congo wherethe author studied the upland gorilla at close range in its natural habitat.$5.95.The Nation's Economie Objectives — edited by Edgar O. Edwards.Leading American economists offer new answers to the nation' s mostvexing problems of taxes, budgets, employment, and freedom. $4.95.The Idea of the South— edited by Frank E. Vandiver. That there isa tangible, living South becomes clear in thèse papers — a traditionalSouth of the past, a confused South of the présent, and a future Southof promises. A South in change is the elusive central thème. $3.95.Social Behavior and Organization Among Vertebrates — edited byWilliam Etkin, Ph.D.'34. In this much-needed introduction to socialbehavior among animais, the author describes their behavior from theecological and evolutionary point of view. $7.50.A Modem Algebra for Biologists — by Howard M. Nakikian. Anadvanced textbook that deals with thé éléments of set theory, the application of sets to bîological models, the theory of probability, informationtheory, gênerai algebraic Systems, and the application of matrix theory.$10.00.Efnciency and Uplift— by Samuel Haber. This critical examination ofthe "Progressive Era," 1890-1920, has much to say about the typicalAmerican attitudes in relation to business, politics, and the idea ofequality. $5.50.The Peoples of Siberia — edited by M. G. Levin and L. P. Potapov.A welcomed English translation of articles by various Soviet authoritieson the history and physical anthropology of thirty native Siberianpeoples, richly illustrated with photographs, drawings, and maps. $20.00.Religion and the Public Order — edited by Donald A. Gianella. Thèsecritical essays examine the whole range of church-state relations as theyaffect schools, universities, publishing, and politics. $6.00.The Rise of the West — by William H. McNeill. Specidly featured inthis issue; see page 16. $12.50Books can be ordered through your local bookstore or from:The University of Chicago Bookstores, Dept. 41 -M,5802 Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637For postage (anywhere in U.S. A.) and handling add35^ for the first book, 10^ for each additional book.MARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEFour thingsthat make a jobidéal for the manwho wants to getahead!\ IYou work for ycurself — you choosethe hours, the days.2 You can start in without any capitalinvestment.3 You are paid in direct proportion toyour success — regardless of your âgeor seniority./M You sélect the people you work with.Many men spend a lifetime and neverenjoy even two of thèse idéal jobconditions.But Mass Mutual men tell us thèsefour are just a few of the reasons whythey chose careers in life insuranceselling with our company. Few fieldsofïer such possibilities for the manwith real ability. And few insurance companies can offer a man as much asMass Mutual.Our policies are recognized as secondto none. And every Mass Mutualreprésentative is backed by a companywith over a hundred years of expérience, with over 2.8 billion dollars inassets and with one of the finestréputations in the business. If you're not getting ahead as fast asyou'd like, perhaps you should lookinto a career with us. Write us apersonal letter about yourself . Addressit to Mr. Charles H. SchaafF, Président,Massachusetts Mutual Life InsuranceCompany, Springfield, Massachusetts.He's always pleased to hear from ableand interested men.Some of the University of Chicago Alumni in the Massachusetts Mutual Service:Morris Landwirth, C.L.U., '28, Peoria Théodore E. Knock, '41, ChicagoLydabeth Watrous, '33, Des Moines Harry R. Srole, '41, '47, Los AngelesMaurice Hartman, '38, ChicagoPetro Lewis Patras, '40, Chicago Jacob E. Way, Jr., '50, Waukegan Rolf Erik G. Becker, C.L.U., OaklandJames J. Làwler, ChicagoJesse J. Simoson, C.L.U., Niagara Falls6Thèse réfections by Wayne C. Booth, AM'47, PhD'50, are excerptedfrom an occasional essay published last year by the Division of the Humanities of The University of Chicago. The full text, which has been widelycited in récent months, is available from the Division offices at 1050 East59th Street, Chicago 60637.Mr. Booth was appointed to the George M. Pullman chair in English atThe University in 1962 after having taught at Haverford and Earlham.His The Rhetoric of Fiction was honored by the Christian Gauss awardof the Phi Beta Kappa Society for the most distinguished work of literaryscholarship in 1962. A native of Utah, he took his baccalaureate degreefrom Brigham Young University.Boring from Within:The Art of the Freshman EssayWayne C. Booth|P||gj|| Last week I had for ahout the hundredth time an expérience that al-ways disturbs me. Riding on a train, I found myself talking with myseat-mate, who asked me what I did for a living. "I teach English."Do you hâve any trouble predicting his response? His face fell, andhe groaned, "Oh, dear, Fil hâve to watch my language." In my expérience there are only two other possible reactions. The first is even less inspirit-ing: "I hated English in school; it was my worst subject." The second, so rareas to make an honest English teacher almost burst into tears of gratitude whenit occurs, is an animated conversation about literature, or ideas, or the American language — the kind of conversation that shows a continuing lively respectfor those aspects of English that go beyond policing the national tongue.Unless the people they meet are a good deal more tactful or better liarsthan the ones I meet, ail English teachers hâve had the two unpleasant expériences many times. And it takes no master analyst to figure out why somany of our fellow citizens think of us as unfriendly policemen: it isbecause too many of us hâve seen ourselves as unfriendly policemen.The first cure for those batches of boredom we inflict upon ourselves isto give the students a sharper sensé of writing to an audience, with a spécifiepurpose in mind.The second obvious cure is to give them something to say. Our studentsbore us, even when they take a seemingly lively controversial tone, becausethey hâve nothing to say, to us or to anybody else. . . . Unfortunately,it is not easy to impart an idea worth writing about. It is not even easyto impart opinions, though a clever teacher can usually manage to getstudents to parrot his préjudices. But ideas — that is, opinions backed withgenuine reasoning — come only with years and years of daily practice. Irecently saw a paper of a bright high school sophomore, from a goodprivate school, relating the économie growth of China and India to theirpolitical development and relative supply of natural resources. It was aPublished by The University nf Chicago for ils alumni; Henry H. Hartmann, Editnr.Volume 30, Number 6terrible paper; the student's hatred of the subject, his sensé of frustrationin trying to invent generalizations about processes that were still too bigfor him, showed in every line. The child's parent told me that when thepaper was returned by the geography teacher, he had pencilled on thetop of one page, "Why do you mix so many bad ideas with your goodones? " The son was almost in tears, his father told me, with anger andhelplessness. "He talks as if Fd put bad ideas in on purpose. / don't knowa bad idea from a good one on this subject."Yet with ail this said, ideas are still our chief resource. Adolescentsare surprisingly responsive to any real encouragement to think for them-selves. The seventeen-year-old who has been fed commonplaces ail his lifeand who finally discovers a teacher with ideas of his own may hâve hislife changed, and when his life is changed his writing is changed. I canremember going home from a late-afternoon conversation with my sopho-more chemistry teacher and vowing to myself : "Someday Fm going to beable to think for myself like that." There was nothing especially uncon-ventional about Luther Gidding's ideas. What I cannot forget is the waybe had with a problem, the tenacity with which he worked to relate conclusions to genuine évidence. And I am convinced that though he neverrequired me to write a line, he taught me more about writing, through thesecret diary I kept of our discussions, than ail of my English teachers puttogether.In the late thirties and early forties, many lively English teachers turnedto political liberalism as a source of stimulating ideas. I had one teacherin collège who confessed to me that his overriding purpose was to getstudents to read and believe The Nation rather than the editorials of theirdaily paper. I suppose that his approach was not entirely valueless. Itseems préférable to the effort to be non-controversial that marks too manyEnglish teachers in the sixties, and at least it stirred some of us out of ourdogmatic slumbers. But unfortunately it did nothing whatever about teach-ing us to think critically. Though we graduated from his course at leastaware — as many collège graduâtes do not seem to be today — that youcan't believe anything you read in the daily press until you hâve analyzed itand related it to your past expérience and to other accounts, it failed toteach us that you can't believe what you read in The Nation either. It leftthe job undone of training our ability to think, because it concentrated tooheavily on our opinions. The resuit was, as I remember, that my ownpapers in that course were generally regurgitated liberalism. I was excitedby them, and that was something. But I can't believe that the instructorfound reading them anything other than a chore. Nothing in them camefrom my own expérience. There I was, in Utah, writing about the Okieswhen I could hâve been writing about the impoverished farmers ail aroundme, some of them my own relatives. I wrote about race relations in theSouth without ever having talked with a Negro in my life and withoutrecognizing that the bootblack I occasionally saw in Sait Lake City in theHôtel Utah was somehow relevant to Race Relations. What I wrote wascharacterless, without true personality, though often full of personalSpronouns. Though my opinions had been changed, my self had not. Thestyle was the boy, the opinionated, immature, uninformed boy; my teacher'sreal job was to make a man of me if he wanted me to write like a man.It is often suggested, by teachers who believe in this third cure | thedevelopment of the writer's individuality |, that the best way to teach writingis through the narrative arts, both as encountered in great literature andas practiced by the students themselves. But we need to be very clearabout the différence between genuine narrative freshness and the shoddyimitations which fill the popular journals. One can open any issue of Time,for example, and find a "lively" narrative interest plastered throughout,but noue of us would want our students to write such stuff — except perhapsunder the duress of very large paychecks. From the March 29 f 1963 1issue 1 find, among many others, the following bits of fantasy:# 1 : "A Bolivian father sadly surveyed his nation's seven universities,tben made up bis mind. i don't want my son mixed up in politics.' . . . Sosaying, he sent his son off to West Germany to collège." So writing, theauthor sends me into scornful laughter: the quote is phony, made upfor the occasion to disguise the generality of the news item.#2: "At 6:30 one morning early this month, a phone shrilled in thesmall office off the bedroom of Egypt's Président . . . Nasser. [Ail earlymorning phones "shrill" for Time. | Already awake, he lifted the receiverto hear exciting news: a military coup had just been launched againsttheanti-Nasser government of Syria. The phone rang again. It was the Ministerof Culture. . . . How should Radio Cairo liandle the Syrian crisis?'Support the rebels,' snapped Nasser." Oh lucky reporter, I sigh, to bavesuch an efficient wiretapping service.#3: "In south Korea last week, a farmer named Song Kyu II traveledail the way from the southern provinces to parade before Seoul's Duk SooPalace with a placard scrawled in his own blood. . . . Farmer Song wasthrown in jail, along with some 200 other demonstrators." That's the lastwe hear of Song, who is invented as an individual for this opening andtben dropped.At 12:00 midnight last Thursday, a gaunt, harried English professorcould be seen hunched over his typewriter, a pile of Reader s Digests andTime magazines beside him on the floor. Munnured he to himself sadly:"Whatever can we do about ail of thèse imitations of narration? "What we can do is subject our students to models of genuine narration.It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man inpossession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.Howèver little known the feelings or views of such a manmay be on his first entering a neigbbourbood, this truth is so wellfixed in the minds of tbe surrounding families, that he is con-sidered as the rightful property of someone or other of theirdaughters."My dear Mr. Bennet," said his lady to him one day, "hâvevou heard that Netherfield Park is let at last?"And already we bave a strong personal tone established, a tone of mockingirony which leaves Jane Austen's Mrs. Bennet revealed before us as thegrasping, silly gossip she is. Or try this one:I am an American, Chicago-born — Chicago, that somber city —and go at things as I hâve taught myself, free-style, and willmake the record in my own way: first to knock, first admitted;sometimes a not so innocent. But a man's character is his fate,says Heraclitus, and in the end there isn't any way to disguisethe nature of the knocks by acoustical work on the door or glovingthe knuckles. . . .My own parents were not much to me, though I cared for mymother. She was simple-minded, and what 1 Iearned from herwas not what she taught. . . .Do you catch the accent of Saul Bellow hère, beneath the accent of hisAugie Mardi? You do, of course, but the students, many of them, do not.In teacbing them how we deal with subtleties of tone in such passages,in teacbing them to hear the great narrative voices accurately, we are,of course, trying to change their lives, to make them new, to raise theirperceptions to a new level altogether. A steady exposure to such voicesis the best device we bave for making our students ashamed of usingbeclouded, borrowed spectacles for viewing the world.It is true that exposure to good fiction will not in itself make good writers.Even the best-read students still need discipline in reasoned argumentand practice in developing habits of addressing a living audience. But ingreat fiction they will learn what it means to open their eyes and pay fullattention to their world. If we then give them practice in writing about whatthey hâve honestly observed, constantly stretching their powers of gen-eralization and argument but never allowing them to drift into pompousinanities or empty controversiality, we may hâve that rare but wonderfulpleasure of witnessing the miracle: a man and a style where before therewas only a bag of wind or a bundle of received opinions. Even when, aswith most of our students, no miracles occur, we can hope for papers thatwe can enjoy reading. And as a final bonus, we might hope that whenour students encounter someone on a train who says that he teaches English,their automatic response may be something other than looks of pity orcries of mock alarm. ?19G3 Honor RollThe following are additionsand corrections to the HonorRoll of alumni donors to TheUniversity of Chicago :Century Club AdditionsMiss Grâce E. StormCorrection on CommitteesMASSACHUSETTS,Boston Area:Dr. Freda Rebelsky, Chairman Honor Roll Additions*Mrs. Eugène D. Babcock*Dr. and Mrs. Charles A. Beck*Harry Benner*George V. Bobrinskoy, Jr.*Miss Rebecca E. Hey*Miss Susan W. Lewis*Miss Marie Ortmayer*Sheldon PollackMr. & Mrs. William Rebelsky*Miss Mary Margaret SchmittMiss Grâce E. StormCreated by the People of General Motors— One of the highlights of the World'sFair will be the General Motors Futurama. This magnificent, ultra-modem buildingand the wonders it contains represent the skill and work of GM people — stylists,engineers, scientists, architects, show specialists.The building is 680 feet in length (a very long par three on any golf course). It's 200feet wide (forty more than a football field), and from the stark beauty of the ten-story-high canopy entrance to the wide scope of the domed pavilion at the rear, it expressesone thing very clearly: tomorrow!A high spot of the Futurama is a ride that surrounds you with wonders. In an unfor-gettable expérience, you'll be carried through time and space — through désert andjungle — to polar régions and across the océan floor. In a single day this dramatic ridecan accommodate 70,000 people— the entire population, for instance, of Muncie, Indianaor Boulder, Colorado.1... ¦Rockefeller Mémorial Chapel — Bertram G. Coodhue Cobb Hall — Henry Ives CobbThe 'Cultural Mile'Without deliberate intention, The University of Chicago and affiliated institutions hâve established a kindof living architectural muséum. By calling upon someof the ablest architects to design new buildings foracadémie use, the authorities hâve provided a strikingdisplay of varied concepts of design. — The ChristianScience Monitor, December 10, 1963.by Dorothea Kahn JaffeDorothea Kahn Jaffe '17, is staff correspondent for The Christian ScienceMonitor. Her original article, whichMrs. Jaffe has revised and expandedfor the Magazine, appeared in TheChristian Science Monitor on December 10, 1963. Drawings are by FélixPalm. Ail but one appeared in theoriginal article. The drawing of thenew School of Social Service Administration, also by Mr. Palm, is published for the first time. The Magazineis indebted to The Christian ScienceMonitor, Mrs. Jaffe and Mr. Palm forthis article. Previously published mate-rial is reprinted by permission. A tour of famous architectural worksusually requires travel over considérabledistances. A notable exception can befound within a square mile area at theheart of The University of Chicago,where viewers can see outstanding worksof a half dozen leading architects of thelast seven décades— with several moreto come shortly.So striking is the resuit that somephrase-coiner has dubbed the inadver-tant architectural exhibit "our culturalmile."Although the University started outfollowing closely in the architectural tradition of Britain's ivy-covered halls, itboldly set forth in a new direction whenit invited outstanding modem architectsto express their respective conceptsfreely. Highly individual buildings hâveTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964resulted, but the total effect is harmon-ious. There appears to be a kinshipamong buildings of excellent design,whatever their period.It ail started with the first Universitybuilding in 1892 when the winds ofchange, which fanned the "ChicagoSchool" of architecture into flame, werejust beginning to blow. Cobb Hall wasthe first structure. Donated by one mannamed Cobb (Silas B.) and designed byanother of that name (Henry Ives, norelation), it was intended to set up theyoung midwestern institution in the goodBritish tradition of ivied Gothic. ButCobb was no copyist; he produced abuilding which, according to Professorfoshua C. Taylor, was "extraordinarilyfree in design and astonishingly lively."Plans for the complète remodelling of theinrerior of this building, while saving theexterior, were announced recently.In contrast to "Cobb" is Ludwig Miesvan der Rohe's design for the new Schoolof Social Service Administration forwhich ground was broken October 17.It is a low, flat-roofed structure of fault-less proportions, with the characteristicMies exterior of divided rectangles.Between thèse two— oldest and mostrécent— are buildings of diverse design.One of the oldest is modem still. It isFrank Lloyd Wright's Robie House, built as a private résidence in 1908 and now apossession of the University. A RobieHouse committee is conducting a drivefor its restoration. ($35,000 has beenraised toward a total of $250,000 needed.)Anticipating by décades today's conceptof a fine home, the Robie House has atri-level plan, three bathrooms, a three-car garage, family room, indirect light-ing, protective eaves and indirect covelighting. "Almost every house built inAmerica today owes some of its ideas toRobie House," a Chicago architect saidrecently.Tradition UpdatedAs late as 1928, however, the Gothicprécèdent exerted its strong influence.Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue designedthe Rockefeller Mémorial Chapel in amodem version of the historié style, welladapted to the spacious site on the northside of the Midway. The building wasnot a copy of ancient cathedrals, however, but a modem master's expression ofhis dévotion to the ecclesiastical architectural tradition.Three décades later Eero Saarinen,commissioned to design the Law SchoolCenter, eut ail ties with the past. The$4,100,000 édifice which he designed isdistinctly modem, but takes its placecomfortably among the older structures.Law School Center — Eero Saarinen^/&yCfa£~> —MARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 13Z*<£» \Jàt«fc—Center for Continuing Education — Edward Durrell Stone (top)Robie House — Frank Lloyd Wright (below)So also does Edward Durell Stone'sCenter for Continuing Education, ablock-long colonnaded building with aninterior of beautifully flowing lines. TheCharles Stewart Mott Building, housingthe Industrial Relations Center, isanother fairly récent addition; it wasdesigned by Schmidt, Garden and Erik-son.Now cornes word that the interna-tionally prominent Italian architect andstructural engineer Pier Luigi Nervi recently flew to Chicago from Rome tosurvey the Manhattan Project site oncampus, in consultation on the proposed Enrico Fermi Mémorial commemoratingthe ushering in of the atomic era hère onDecember 2, 1942. A plaque now marksthe spot where, under the former eaststands of Stagg Field, the Italian-bornIate Enrico Fermi and his colleagues ofthe Metallurgical Laboratory "achievedhère the first self-sustaining chain reaction, initiating the controlled release ofnuclear energy."Préservation PlannedBut even while the new, the nontradi-tional, take their place on the quad-rangles, the old is being conserved. NotTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964L£g<u&^,School of Social Service Administration — Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (top)Charles Stewart Mott Building — Schmidt, Garden and Erikson (below)only are funds being raised to up-dateCobb Hall so that it can meet the needsof a new génération, and other fundsto restore Robie House, but a furthergroup is seeking to save Lorado Taft'sMidway Studios which sprang up in theearly part of the century right in the pathof today's new buildings. This buildingis no architectural treasure, but becauseit seemed to grow spontaneously, hèrea wing and there a wing under the en-thusiastic touch of the distinguished Mr.Taft, it has a value ail its own.Many young artists got their start hère under Mr. Taft, and now the woman'sboard of the University is seeking torestore it so that youthful talent maycontinue to be cultivated hère, underUniversity of Chicago guidance. This,too, is part of the "Cultural Mile."The individual works of this glitteringlist of architects may not receive theunqualified cndorsement of ail viewers,but the concept is certainly an excitingone to behold. It seems typical of thetradition of non-conformity and of expérimentation, of seeking out, with whichthis University has been associated fromthe beginning. DMARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEs The Rise of the WestA monumental new world history tracesinterdependence of nations and eventsSaid British historian H. Trevor-Roper in a frontpage review in the New York Times Book Beview:| The Rise of the West | . . . is not only the most learnedand the most intelligent, it is also the most stimufotingand fascinating book that has ever set out to recountand explain the whole history of mankind . . . Thismonth its author received the National Book Award inhistory for the most distinguished book in its categorywritten by an American citizen and published in theUnited States.Author William H. McNeill, '38, A.M. '39, (Ph.D.Cornell University), is professor of history and chair-man, Department of History of The University of Chicago.Born in Vancouver, Canada, Mr. McNeill came tothe U. S. at âge 10. "His career led logically up to thebook. . . . He grew up in a household where scholar-ship and ideas were dinner table topics ..." writesRaymond Walters Jr. in the New York Times. Mr.McNeill is a second génération U. of C. graduate. Hisfather, John T. McNeill, Ph. D. '20, currently visitingprofessor in the Divinity School, is regarded by manyas the leading historian of Calvinism in the Englishspeaking world.William McNeill interrupted his académie work toenter the U. S. Army as a private in 1941. He emergedas major in 1946, stationed as U. S. military attachéin Greece during the last twenty months of service.This spécial expérience contributed to three books oncontemporary Greece, ranging from the second worldwar and its aftermath to American aid in action. Hehas written several other books.The Rise of the West is dedicated by the author toThe Community of Scholars constituting The University of Chicago 1933-1963.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964(excerpt reprinted by spécial permission)The Rise of the West, published in1963 by The University of ChicagoPress, Chicago and London and theUniversity of Toronto Press, Toronto5, Canada. Copyright 1963 by TheUniversity of Chicago. Ail rights re-served. The excerpt on this and thefollowing pages is reprinted by spécialpermission. Illustrations are selectedfrom the book. Drawings on Magazinecover are a composite of illustrationsby Bêla Petheô, selected from the book. The tottering World Balance — A creeping crisisin the Far East, 1700 - 1850 A.D.: 1. CHINAby William H. McNeillMiItlEASURED BY ANY traditional yardstick, the eighteenth centurywas one of China's great âges. Political stability at home and impérialexpansion into the borderlands accompanied a striking growth of agriculture, trade, and population. Peace and prosperity sustained a massivescholarly and artistic effort and lent weight to the remarkable culturalimpress of China upon such distant barbarians as the Europeans. Thegreat impérial âges of Han and T'ang could alone compare with thèseManchu achievements.Yet the very success with which Manchu policy reprodueed the achievements of its ancient predecessors contained the seeds of the eventualand utter dissolution of the traditional Chinese social and political régime, when institutions and attitudes which had raised China high abovethe level of surrounding barbarians in earlier âges suddenly in the nine-teenth century lost their efficacy against Europeans. Nevertheless, untilthe 1850's the crisis of Chinese society remained primarily internai and,like ail aspects of the Manchu polity, conformed closely to ancient pat-terns. Only after slow processes acting to increase bureaucratie corruption,peasant unrest, and military slackness had prepared the way for thor-oughly traditional collapse did the Chinese really begin to feel thedrastically disruptive effects of European civilization. Until that time,China's history continued to be only marginally afïected by contact withEuropeans.The K'ang Hsi emperor brilliantly Consolidated Manchu rule overChina during his long reign (1662-1722). The great task of his successorsMARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17was to chastise and regulate the outer barbarians. Accordingfy, througha long séries of difficult campaigns, Chinese administration was extendedto Tibet, Mongolia, and Chinese Turkestan between 1688 and 1757. Fol-lowing the last important Chinese victory in central Asia— the destructionof the Kalmuk confederacy (1757) -the Manchu government adoptedthe policy of sealing off the northwestern frontier, even to the extent ofremoving population from near the border.60 China's other frontiers hadfar less military significance. Diplomacy rarely had to be backed by mili-tary action (as in Burma, 1765-70) in order to forestall threats fromsoutheast Asia or Korea; and most of thèse states maintained a tributaryrelationship to China— i.e., a cérémonial récognition of dependence.61On the seaward frontier, European activities were restricted by rigidrégulations which minimized direct contact between Chinese and for-eigners and fîxed responsibility for any untoward conséquences of theEuropean présence upon persons who were suitably at the mercy oflocal officiais. Indeed, the court at Peking regarded relations with theEuropean merchants as too trifling to be regulated by formai treaties and,consequently, allowed local officiais to manage relations with the foreign-ers. Moreover, since direct involvement in commercial questions wasdeemed degrading to a Confucian mandarin, even the local officiaiserected a barrier between themselves and the Europeans. This took thef orm of a Chinese merchant guild, which from 1720 had the responsibilityof dealing with ail European ships that came into Canton. In 1757, theemperor declared Canton to be the sole port for such trade, confirmingofficially a monopoly which the city had enjoyed practically for sometime before.62U NTIL 1834, WHEN the British parliament terminated the East IndiaCompany 's exclusive right to trade between England and China, thèsearrangements worked quite smoothly, for both the Company and themerchant guild at Canton profited from their respective monopolisticpositions. To be sure, the Chinese monopoly was far more secure thanthe Company's: for other European nations as well as British interloperscompeted for the Canton trade. On various occasions, Europeans soughtto secure more favorable terms of trade for themselves by enlarging theChinese merchant ring in Canton or by breaking its monopoly; but suchefforts uniformly failed. European merchants therefore had recourse tosmuggling in order to counterbalance the Chinese monopolists' légaladvantages. After 1800, when the Chinese government forbade the importation of opium but proved unable to enforce its decree, this illégaltrade became big business. As a resuit, the Canton trade in the nineteenth60 China also frequently interruptedRussian trade, despite the provisionsof the Treaty of Kiakhta ( 1727 ) whichcalled for a triennial Russian caravanto Peking and regular trade at the border town of Kiakhta itself . After 1762,Russian caravans ceased to corne toPeking; and until 1792, when moreregular and amicable relations wereagain established, even the bordertrade was repeatedly suspended by theChinese. On Chinese Russian relations and Chinese policy in central Asia,see Michel N. Pavlovsky, Chinese Russian Relations (New York: Philosophi-cal Library, 1949), pp. 18-40.61 Since Chinese protocol classifiedany diplomatie or trading relationshipas "tribute," the term was very elastic.Burma continued to be officially regarded as tributary despite the Chinesemilitary defeat of 1769; and Britainfell into the same class. The Russians alone, heirs to former empires onChina's northwest frontier with whichthe Chinese had been compelled todeal as equals, escaped this classification. As a corollary of this uniquestatus, the Russians alone had theright of maintaining a permanent diplomatie and trade mission in Pekingfrom 1727.62 The British East India Companyopened Canton to trade in 1699, as a18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964century lost the légal and carefully controlled character which the Chineseauthorities had imposed upon it in the eighteenth; and the irregular andsporadically violent pattems typical of the carliest European mercantileopérations on the China coast reasserted themselves.The importance of the foreign trade at Canton for the Chinese economyas a whole is impossible to estimate. Certainly it increased rapidly inscale. Tea became the largest single Chinese export; but silk, lacqueredwares, porcelain, and various curios were also in great demand in Europe.Cotton cloth from India was the principal Chinese import, until the habitof opium smoking took hold in China during the eighteenth century.63Produced mainly in India, opium provided European merchants for thefirst time with a commodity which the Chinese were eager to hâve inquantity. As a resuit, the drain of specie from Europe to pay for Chinesegoods diminished steadily, until the balance of trade tumed in favor ofthe Europeans and an outflow of Chinese silver began. In proportion asEuropean trade came to center upon opium, any stimulating effects whichan enlarged export of Chinese manufactures may hâve had upon theartisan and mercantile communities were counterbalanced by the socialdestructiveness of the opium habit. Moreover, it appears likely thatvarious forms of "squeeze" siphoned off most of the profits of foreigntrade into the hands of officiais, who were always able to keep the Canton merchants and, through them, the artisan producers of export goodsfirmly under control.Christian missions constituted Europe's other arm in China. Missionaryinfluence decayed drastically in the eighteenth century, largely becauseof disputes among the missionaries themselves concerning the propertranslation of Christian theological terms into Chinese and the extent towhich Chinese couverts might retain their ancestral customs. From theinception of their activity in China, the Jesuits had maintained thatfamily rites honoring ancestors and public célébrations honoring Confu-cius were civil cérémonies which did not necessarily conflict withChristian belief. Other missionaries, particularly the Dominicans, con-sidered that such accommodation to Chinese practice was inconsistentwith Christian faith. National and personal frictions inflamed this "RitesControversy"; and its complexities increased further when the disputantsappealed both to the pope and to the Chinese emperor for adjudication.After initial hésitation, the pope in 1715 decided against the Jesuits, tothe intense indignation of the Son of Heaven, who had meanwhile en-dorsed the Jesuit position.64This controversy had important effects both in China and in Europe.In 1708 the Chinese emperor decreed that ail missionaries must acceptthe Jesuit view or leave the country; and when obedient Catholics couldsupplément to the older Europeanfoothold at Macao. Based largely uponthe sale of Indian and southeast Asiangoods in China, the British tradethereafter rapidly expanded, eclipsingolder Portuguese and newer Europeanrivais. Correspondingly, Canton out-stripped Macao as the primary locusof Chinese-European contact.63 Opium had long been known inChina and elsewhere; but it was treated as a eurative drug, taken in-ternally. In 1689, the smoking of opium was mentioned by a Dutehman inJava where it was mixed with tobacco.Toward the end of the eighteenth century, opium smoking ( omitting thetobacco ) became widespread in China.Large quantities of the drug wereproduced in China itself, despite animpérial decree issued in 1729 whichforbade its sale. Demand for opiumdeveloped so rapidly that the impor tation of the drug through Cantonrose from 5,000 chests in 1821 to noless than 30,000 in 1839. Cf. L. C.Goodrich, A Short History of theChinese People (3rd éd.; New York:Harper & Bros., 1959) pp. 222-23.04 Beginning as early as 1628, thiscontroversy did not finally subside until 1742, when a papal bull once againand most emphatically forbade Jesuitcompromises with Chinese custom.MARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19no longer sustain that position, Christian missions in China could onlyoperate in défiance of the law of the land. Missionaries did indeed continue to slip into China, and their congrégations never entirely disap-peared; but Christianity was reduced to the level of a secret society.6'1As such, it appealed almost entirely to the poor and dispossessed, andsuffered at best officiai neglect, at worst sporadic persécution.The impérial court nevertheless allowed the Jesuits to remain at Peking;and the Ch'ien Lung emperor (1736-95) regularly employed them forsuch purposes as designing palaces and building water fountains, clocks,and other mechanical devices. Jesuits also rctained officiai positions asastronomers and calendar makers until the pope dissolved their orderin 1773, after which time the Lazarist Order assumed thèse duties. Butany real meeting of minds or serions interest in European knowledge andcivilization, of which there had been little enough in the seventeenth century, became less and less apparent in the eighteenth. The Chineseliterati were too well assured of the success of Chinese institutions andtoo firmly convinced of the self-sufficiency of their own cultural worldto sparc time and attention for the pursuit of barbarian trilles.IN EUROPE, BY CONTRAST, the Rites Controversy provoked a vividcuriosity about China among broad circles of the intellectual élite. Thefact that the Jesuits in France were deeply involved in disputes withJansenists and Gallicans sharpened the debatc over the legitimacy ofJesuit proceedings in China. Information about China was accordinglysought, not only for its own sake, but to provide ammunition for con-troversies having other origins and aims. Yet the knowledge of Chinawhich percolated into Europe as a by-product of the quarrel had signi-fîcant side effects. Enthusiasm for chinoiserie flavored the whole rococoart style that spread widely through Europe from about 1715. The pic-ture of virtuous Chinese sages, whose morality did not dépend uponrevealed religion, appealed to deists; and such aspects of Chinese societyas its civility (which Ricci in an earlier génération had despised), theabsence of a hereditary aristocracy, and the principle of appointment togovernment office on the basis of public examination ail chimed in withradical movements of thought that gathered way, especially in France,during the eighteenth century. China became, for Voltaire and someother philosophes, a model to be hekl up to Europe. After ail, was notlin Chinese society was riddled withsimilar groups, which charactcristicallyelothed social discontents in religiousgarb.8<i The vogue for things Chinesefaded out after about 1770 almostas suddenly as it had arisen. In theearly nineteenth century, Europeanmerchants, soldiers, and missionarieson the China coast returned to amore normal disdain for "corrupt"Chinese way s; and their attitudes com-municated themselves to Europe at large. Yet as European admiration forChina faded, India tended to fill thegap, thanks to the exciting discoveryof the Indo-European linguistic rela-tionships and initial exploration ofthe echoing vastnesses of ancient In-dian philosophy and mysticism. WhatChina had been to the philosophes ofthe eighteenth century, India becamefor the romantics of the early nineteenth. Thus European curiosity andsympathy for alien civilizations shiftedfocus but was never entirely inter-mitted from the time when Ricci in China and less famous Jesuit missionaries in India like Roberto de Nobilc(d. 1656) first embarked upon theadventure of trying to understandanother civilized tradition in its ownterms. It is curious, though perhaps notsurprising, that Europe's closest neigh-bor and traditional rival, Islam, wasthe latest to receive serious Europeanstudy; and even today, historians ha-bitually treat Islamic developmentsince 1256 primarily in terms of itsrelation to Christendom and modemEurope. Crusade and counter-crusade20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964the Celestial Empire— whose Confucianism might be construed as aworking and only slightly shopworn model of rational religion— great,prosperous, and peaceful without benefît either of clergy or of hereditaryaristocracy?Such partisan admiration for China, though arising from intellectualand artistic developments internai to Europe, nonetheless constituted anoteworthy departure from the dislike, fear, and disdain that normallyprevail among men of differing civilizations. The handful of Europeanswho explored the intricacies and elegancies of Chinese civilization in asympathetic spirit in the eighteenth century were pioneers of a new andmore open contact between cultures. Their attitude stood in striking con-trast to the sublime disinterest in things foreign which prevailed amongthe corresponding intellectual circles of China.06Yet the very richness and variety of China's literary and artistic héritage, the lifetime of effort required to master it, and the high rewardsentailed by success on the provincial and impérial examinations ade-quately explain the Chinese indifférence to foreign learning. Traditionalforms of scholarship continued to flourish under the Manchus on a massive scale. Vast compilations, systematizations, and summaries of earlierknowledge were completed under officiai patronage. Carefully editedtexts and authoritative commentaries crystallized the long tradition ofChinese learning and provide most of the raw materials for modemSinology.Poetic composition and essay writing remained part of the officiaiexaminations and continued to be cultivated with pedestrian assiduity.Imaginative prose literature constituted a more impressive genre ofChinese belles-lettres, for under the Manchus novels attained respecta-bility despite their popular origin. The Dream of the Red Chamber,written in the late eighteenth century, remains by common consent thegreatest Chinese novel,67 though it was but one of many.68Chinese painting remained prolific, skilled, and various. Chinese tasteof the âge itself praised painters for their faithfulness to old masters,while modem Chinese and Western scholars tend to prize the artists' in-dividual accent and stylistic innovation. There was much for both toadmire in eighteenth-century Chinese painting; yet, rather ungratefully,both Chinese and Western critics of the twentieth century seem to agréethat the real greatness of Chinese art lay in the past.69die hard just because European andMoslem civilizations hâve so muchin common.67 The great length of this novelhas discouraged translation; but cf.Tsao Chan, Dream of the Red Chamber, Chi-chen Wang (trans.) (NewYork: Twayne Publishers, 1958), fora translation of the first chapter andsummary of the rest.68 Cf. Ou Itai, Le Roman chinois(Paris: Editions Vega, 1933).69 Cf. Osvald Siren, A History of hâter Chinese Painting, II, 152-227;Laurence Sickman and AlexanderSoper, The Art and Architecture ofChina, pp. 188-204. The low appréciation of the works of more récentpainters seems to me to resuit froman undue idolization of the antique,much of which in fact is known orinferred mainly through modemcopies.Chinese painting, unlike Chineseliterature of the eighteenth century,occasionally reacted to and experi-mented with Western techniques. In addition, individual Europeans, likethe Jesuit Giuseppe Castiglione (d.1766), were accorded high honor aspainters by the Chien Lung emperor.Castiglione achieved his repute bybringing a Western naturalism to bearwithin a generally Chinese style ofcomposition. A few Chinese followedhis example, thus illustrating onceagain the comparative ease with whichartistic motifs and techniques may diffuse from one culture to another, sincelinguistic barriers are largely irrelevant.MARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21Thus to ail appearances, Chinese civilization and the Chinese statewere fiourishing in the eighteenth century. Yet the same mechanismswhich had caused the downfall of earlier Chinese dynasties were alreadyat work and manifested themselves in public events during the lastquarter of the century. The basic problem was rising peasant distress.The growth of rural population caused excessive subdivision of land,until in a bad season the tiny farms which resulted could no longersustain a family.70 Hopeless peasant indebtedness and sporadic foreclosurewas the inévitable resuit. Land therefore accumulated in the hands ofmoneylenders of the gentry class, who were often able to escape normaltax payments on the land and thereby shifted an ever-increasing shareof the tax burden to the remaining peasant properties. Simultaneously,mounting bureaucratie corruption and the decay of military hardihoodamong Manchu bannermen, accustomed to an easy garrison life in Chinese cities, weakened the régime just when discontent and despairmounted among the mass of the peasantry.71Opium smoking and peasant rébellion were the two principal re-sponses to thèse unhappy circumstances. A widespread rising in 1774started a long séries of similar movements which culminated in the cata-clysmic Taiping rébellion of 1850-64. Such violence worsened the économie condition of the country as a whole, forcing the government tomise additional revenue for retaliatory military action, and this in turnfed peasant discontent.rpI HE VICIOUS CIRCLE into which the government thus floundereddid not entirely escape officiai attention. Well-intentioned decrees againstopium smoking and exhortations to officiai probity were ineffectuai; buta parallel effort to control dangerous thoughts may hâve met with some-what greater success. At any rate, between 1772 and 1788 the government carried through a vast épuration of Chinese literature, burningbooks that contained disparaging remarks about the Manchus or theirforebears. Some of the books condemned in the course of this inquisitionappear to hâve permanently disappeared.72A similar fear of independent thought perhaps lay behind changes(1792) in the impérial examinations which made them tests of memory,calligraphy, and routine facility in writing essays and poems on fixedsubjects according to strict rules. Since préparation for the examinationsdominated most Chinese intellectual endeavor, thèse changes tended tonarrow the minds of the leaders of Chinese society by restricting theirthoughts to politically innocuous channels.73 The effort was strikinglysuccessful, for almost to a man the educated class of China remainedloyal to the Manchu régime even into the twentieth century.Until 1850, when the Taiping revolt shook the empire to its foundations,the govemment's countermeasures seemed on the whole adéquate tosustain the impérial fabric against domestic dangers. No basic changesnumber of the gentry in the nineteenthcentury. Cf. aiso Wang Yu-Ch'uan,"The Rise of Land Tax and the Fall ofDynasties in Chinese History," PacificAffairs, IX (1936), 201-20; and Maurice Meissner, "The Agrarian Economyof China in the Nineteenth Century"(unpublished Master's thesis, University of Chicago, 1955).70 Ping-ti Ho, Studies on the Population of China, 1368-1953, pp. 270-78,estimâtes that China's population ofabout 150 million in 1700 rose to 313million by 1794 and reached 430 million in 1850, on the eve of the vastlydestructive Taiping rébellion. He sug-gests that "optimum conditions" underthe technology of the time werereached between 1750 and 1775, after which time the continued growth ofpopulation led only to greater destitution and discontent.71 Chung-li Chang, The ChineseGentry: Studies on Their Rôle in Nineteenth Century Chinese Society (Seattle, Wash.: University of WashingtonPress, 1955), pp. 70-141, offers in-teresting data on the increase in the22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964seemed called for; and deliberate emphasis upon ancient and authorita-tive Chinese précédents might plausibly be expected to stave off thethreatened dissolution of the empire. Chinese self-assurance, therefore,received a tremendous shock between 1839 and 1842, when a few Britishgunboats and marine landing parties proved able to penetrate Chinesemilitary défenses almost at will.The occasion for this démonstration of British military might was adispute over the administration of justice;71 but fundamental discrepanciesof viewpoint, giving rise to unending local frictions, lay behind thequarrel. In 1834 the British government had deprived the East IndiaCompany of its former control of and responsibility for the China tradeand, by throwing the trade open to ail corners, had attempted to bringcommercial relations with the Chinese into the légal framework normalbetween European nations. This required the overthrow of the elaboraterestrictive rules which for more than a century had enveloped commercial dealings between Europeans and Chinese. As it happened, thischange in British policy came at a time when the Chinese governmentwas intent upon restricting and controlling foreign trade even more rigor-ously than before. In 1839, a spécial impérial commissioner arrived atCanton with instructions to suppress the illégal opium trade. His ener-getic efforts in this direction resulted in the confiscation of no less than30,000 chests of the drug from British and other European merchants.Grievances on both sides became acute; and the dispute over correctlégal procédures offered only the occasion for war.LmNESE MILITARY INEFFECTIVENESS SOON compelled theimpérial government to make peace on British terms. By the Treaty ofNanking, 1842, four new ports were opened to British trade and HongKong was ceded to the victors. Other European nations and the UnitedStates quickly made similar treaties and indeed improved upon theinitial British terms by securing exemption from regular Chinese juris-diction for their nationals and a guaranty of officiai toleration for Christian missionary activity in the "treaty ports."Such privilèges were utterly incompatible with traditional Chineseattitudes toward foreigners and merchants. The indignities embodied inthis treaty and the military helplessness it betokened vis-à-vis Westerngunboats certainly discredited the Manchu régime in Chinese eyes; yetno significant body of Chinese opinion arose to advocate departure fromold ways. Educated Chinese found it ail but impossible to believe thatthe Celestial Empire had anything important to learn from foreign barbarians. Indeed, the impressive successes that China had so recently at-tained within the thoroughly conservative frame of Manchu policy madeadjustment to the new realities of world affairs uniquely difficult. It wastherefore not until the twentieth century that the Chinese seriously under-took the task of remodeling their society in order to cope with the West.D72 Cf. L. C. Goodrich, The LiteraryInquisition of Ch'ien Lung ( Baltimore,Md.: Waverly Press, 1955).73 Cf. Chung-li Chang, The ChineseGentry, pp. 174-82; David F. Nivisonand A. F. Wright (eds. ), Confucian-ism in Action (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1959), pp. 4-24. 74 A British sailor committed murder;and when the guilty individual couldnot be identified, the Chinese, in ac-eordance with their practice of holdingthe community responsible for infractions of law and order, demanded thatan Englishman— any Englishman— beturned over to them for punishment.No apter instance of the conflict be tween European and Chinese outlookscould hâve offered itself ; for both sidesnaturally felt themselves completely inthe right.Spécial Note : In addition to bookscited in preceding footnotes, a furtherlisting of works which were consultéeby the author can be found in the bookunder footnote 75.— Éd.MARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23ENJOYARM CHAIR SHOPPINGfromThe University of ChicagoB00KST0REMl — Un usuallylarge ceramic stein.White with insigniain gold, or blackwith insignia ingold. 20 oz. capac-ity. Specify color.1.50 ea.M2 — Very attractive pewter Martinipitcher. Insignia inMaroon. $15.50 ea.3?M3 — "Windbreaker" Poplin jacket.Treated for water repellency, washand wear finish. Full length zipper.White with insignia in maroon ormaroon with insignia in white. Statecolor. Specify small, médium, large,or extra large. $7.50 ea.4i' "7M4— "Class of 19??" Children's fleeceIined sweat shirt. Lt. blue with insignia in white.Specify 2, 4, 6 or 8 years. $2.25 ea.Specify 10, 12 or 14 years. $2.50 ea.Also many items such as ash trays,glassware, and jewelry. Write for complète list of available U. of C. items.Prices include postage and applicabletaxes except Illinois sales tax. Illinoisrésidents add 4% . Send check or moneyorder with order and make payable to:The University of Chicago BookstoreDept. 14A5802 EllisAve.Chicago, Illinois 60637 Around the MidwayNEW TEACHING DEGREE— TheGraduate School of Education has an-nounced a course of training, leadingto the degree of Master of Science inTeaching that will produce elementaryschool teachers with spécial compétence in various fields. The new degreeresults from the success of the Masterof Arts in Teaching program, whichprépares teachers for secondary schools.Students in the new degree program,who must hold Bachelor's degrees, willchoose their field from Ianguages, thesocial sciences, natural sciences, andprobably mathematics. There also willbe opportunity for préparation forteaching the highly gifted as well asthe slower learning groups of pupils."We must try to develop a newbreed of teacher who, instead of seeinghimself as the primary source of knowledge, helps the learners to discover thewhole world of books, in other médiaof communication and in contemporarylife," Dean Francis S. Chase of theSchool said in announcing the newdegree work."We need teachers who can convertthe child's natural curiosity into order-ly and sustained inquiry. This can bedone only by teachers who hâve a firmunderstanding of the way in whichknowledge in their particular fields isbuilt up, tested and modified in thelight of continuing research. The teachers in tomorrow's schools will spendrelatively little energy in conveyinginformation but will hâve to exercisegreat wisdom in finding the fruitfulmoment for a given kind of learningfor a particular child or group."University fellowships for those pre-paring for teaching and other areasof the elementary and secondary schoolsnow amount to $250,000. In additionto thèse University fellowships, othersare provided from a grant of $2,400,- 000 made by the Ford Foundation in1959 to support teacher éducation, research and work with schools.ANTHROPOLOGY CHAIRMAN— David M. Schneider, professor ofanthropology, has been appointed chair-man of the Department, succeedingFred Eggan, Harold H. Swift Distin-guished Service Professor. Mr. Schneider, who joined the Chicago faculty in1960, is a social anthropologist.GRANTS — The flow of grants fromfoundations, corporations and government agencies constitutes a significantélément of The University's incomeand activities. Some are large, otherssmall ; they support research, providescholarships and fellowships, providetravel to further faculty studies, and,in some happy instances, are given toThe University to strengthen basicareas, as the administration may détermine. Among the récent allocations:$50,000 over a five-year period fromthe Samuel H. Kress Foundation to aidgraduate training in art, art history andart connoisseurship. The University'sis one of 12 in a pilot program by theKress Foundation in American collègesand universities. Edward A. Maser,chairman of the Department of Art,plans to use half of the money to support two fellowships a year, the otherhalf to provide such costly material asbooks, slides, and photographs essen-tial to research and teaching.As to connoisseurship, Mr. Maserexplains for those not specialists in art,it is "the détective work deiling withthe identification, dating and analysisof a work of art to ascertain whetherit is genuine and to détermine itsorigins."I. E. duPont deNemours and Com-pany's latest support is $30,000, for24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964advancement of teaching and for basicresearch. The money to The University was part of duPont's annual program of aid to éducation, totalling$1,800,000 and distributed to 168 universités and collèges. The Universitywill use $5,000 for improving under-graduate teaching in science; the Schoolof Medicine receives $3,000 for ad-vancing the teaching of biochemistry;the Department of Chemistry gets$1,200 plus tuition and a $500 stipendfor a postgraduate teaching assistant,and $20,000 is for basic research inthe physical sciences.The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation hasprovided $1,400,000 to 40 collègesand universities, for unrestricted grantsto 94 young scientists so that they mayengage in research of their own interestin chemistry, physics and geochemistry.Eight members of the Chicago faculty are participating: R. StephenBerry, chemistry and the Institute forthe Study of Metals; Robert N. Clay-ton, chemistry and the Enrico FermiInstitute for Nuclear Studies; GerhardL. CIoss, chemistry; Leopoldo M. Fali-cov, physics and Metals; James C. Phillips, physics and Metals; Jun JohnSakurai, physics and Fermi Institute;Royal W. Stark, physics and Metals;and Lennard Wharton, chemistry andMetals.Joseph Fried, professor in the BenMay Laboratory and a pioneer in chemi-cal altération of steroid compounds,will direct a ffve-year study of thechemistry of antibiotics and syntheticsteroid compounds, under a $351,000grant from the U. S. Public HealthService. The research, ail related tocancer, will be directed to three mainobjectives.One is the synthesis of new compounds from a group of steroid acidswhich are available from a variety offungi that rot wood. By breaking downone of thèse steroid acids, Mr. Friedalready has produced compounds thatcombat the action of sex hormones.Another sector will be to synthesizefrom jervine, a plant alkaloid fromhellébore, new steroids that hâve promise as drugs.The third undertaking seeks the détermination of the chemical structureand the mechanism of an antibiotic,found to inhibit the growth of animaltumors and of cancer cells in test tubes.Another Public Health Service grant,of $185,000, is directed toward both research on arthritis and its treatment.It will be under the supervision of Dr.Attallah Kappas, associate professor ofmedicine, who heads the Section ofMetabolism and Arthritis in the Schoolof Medicine. Participating with himwill be Dr. Robert H. Palmer, Dr. FredH. Katz, and Dr. Leif B. Sorenson, ailassistant professors of medicine. Ailfour are staff members of the ArgonneHospital, on the hospital quadrangles,which The University opérâtes for theUnited States Atomic Energy Commission. Dr. Palmer is the son of Dr.Walter L. Palmer, '18, S.M.'19, Ph.D.'26, Richard T. Crâne Professor Emeritus.The U. S. Air Force Office of Aero-space Research has allocated $46,500to Saunders MacLane, Max Mason Dis-tinguished Service Professor of Mathe-matics, for mathematical analysis of abasic space problem and John A. Simpson, professor of physics and in theEnrico Fermi Institute for NuclearStudies, has a grant of $145,000 forcosmic and solar radiation studies andtheir astrophysical conséquences.FACULTY HONORS— Benjamin S.Bloom, professor of éducation, is presi-dent-elect of the American EducationalResearch Association, which has an international membership of 3,000. Mr.Bloom was University Examiner for15 years, devising the tests of the"New Plan" Collège, and is widelyknown for his analysis of the effective-ness of testing methods and prédictionof students' educational success.Charles S. Barrett, professor in theInstitute for the Study of Metals, hasbeen elected a fellow of the Metal-lurgical Society of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical andPetroleum Engineers in récognition ofhis research and théories on the structure of metals.TWO MEDALS— The Industrial Relations Center of The University re-ceived on February 22 the GeorgeWashington Honor Medal and $500from the Freedom Foundation, ValleyForge, for its elementary school économies program. This course of studywas established in i960 to develop infourth and fifth grade pupils an under-standing of basic économie processes.It has been adopted by a number ofpublic and private schools. Robert K.Burns, professor of industrial relations, associate dean of the Graduate Schoolof Business and executive officer of theCenter, accepted the award at the présentation cérémonies.The University of Chicago Press re-ceived a bronze medal at the LeipzigInternational Book Fair for its éditionof The Iliad of Homer, illustrated byLéonard Baskin and designed by JohnB. Goetz, Press production manager.The Iliad was one of ten books chosenas the best examples of American excellence of design and production. Thetranslation, by Richard Lattimore, wascommissioned by the Press some yearsago, and received high critical praisewhen first published in a regular édition that has been consistently high insales.GRASS— GREEN AND THICK—As Chicago's capricious spring ap-proaches, the outlook for the new cropof grass so lovingly cultivated on themain quadrangles last year appearspromising. There is no word, however,as to the crop estimate by the expert onthe subject and the originator, Président Beadle. But the grass is thick despite a winter rather lacking in a snowblanket, and the damage so far fromwayward pedestrians is minimal. Thisis the spring that the tulip beds, safefrom marauding squirrels under asheath of wire mesh, should producebrilliantly. After two years of libéral contributions of honoraria fromspeeches and other sources PrésidentBeadle, in spite of some disappoint-ments, seems about to achieve his pur-pose of a campus that is an externalreflection of the stature of The University.— William V. MorgensternMARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 25N EWS O F the alumniup to 26NOURSE, MISS MARY A., '05, of Washington, D.C, is the author of an articleentitled "Who Are the Formosans?" whichappeared in the November, 1963 issue ofThe Social Studies, sl periodical for teachers and administrators.CADMAN, GEORGE E., '07, of Miami,Fia., is taking courses at the Universityof Miami, and may even get a degreethough he says he doesn't need one. How-ever, he adds, "One course at a time asa matter of interest and occupation addsup very slowly."VAN ZANDT, PHILIP, '07, '10, of WestLafayette, Ind., and retired Baptist min-ister, is the inventor of a children's gamenow on the market, "Merits: A Growing-Up Game." The game, which representsthe steps in growing up and providesrewards for good citizenship, was designed by Rev. Van Zandt to counteractthe many games available which empha-size only monetary rewards. It is sold byCharacter Building Games in West Lafayette, and ail profits are contributed tocharitable projects. Rev. Van Zandt hasheld pastorates in Wisconsin, Minnesotaand Illinois and is now in his "third retire-ment" following additional service atchurches in West Lafayette and Flora,Ind.CARDIFF, IRA D., '09, is editor of a newédition of the writings of George San-tayana, entitled, Ideas and Concepts:Atoms of Thought. Mr. Cardiff, a studentof science and philosophy and author ofMillion Years of Human Progress, was astudent and friend of Mr. Santayana.BRODIE, RENTON K., 10, SM'll, re-ceived the University of Cincinnati's hon-orary Doctor of Laws degree in Decem-ber. Mr. Brodie, Cincinnati industrialistand civic leader, had been a member ofthe University board of directors since1942 and its chairman since 1953. Hedeclined to accept reappointment aschairman on December 31. At the timeof Mr. Brodie's business retirement in1955 he was administrative vice présidentof Proctor & Gamble Co., having previ-ously served as vice président in charge of manufacturing, director of manufacture and technical research, chemicalsuperintendent, and chemist.KUHNS, RALPH H, 11, MD'13, of Chicago, has received a spécial award fromthe Vétérans Administration for his participation in the Automatic Data ProcessingCenter which was recently installed atHines, 111. He has also been appointedto the Mental Health Commission ofCook County, 111. Dr. Kuhns is a lifemember of the American PsychiatrieAssn., and the U.S. Chess Fédération.KAPLAN, MORRIS S., 13, has movedfrom Los Angeles to Burbank, Calif.,where he is living with his son STEPHENS. KANE, '37, PhD'41. Mr. Kaplan isretired but does volunteer work with theJewish Community Library and the YivoInstitute for Jewish Research of NewYork.PHETZING, MISS AMELIA C, 16, AM'20, of Harrington, Del., is librarian atHarrington Spécial School District. Dur-ing the summer, 1963, she took a touraround the world.EISENBERG, DAVID B., 18, of Chicago,retired on January 1 as editor of TheGraphie Arts Monthly, but is remainingon as a consulting editor. Mr. Eisenberghelped found the publication in 1929and assumed its editorship in 1933.RECKLESS, WALTER C, '21, PhD'25,received the American Society of Crimi-nology's "Edwin Sutherland Award" inDecember. He was cited for his "dis-tinguished contributions to research,teaching and theory in criminology." AtOhio State University, Columbus, Mr.Reckless has directed the training of students in correctional administration for 17years. He developed the first organizedcurriculum in the nation for senior andgraduate students in the area of penologyand corrections, and is author of a lead-ing textbook in the field, The CrimeProblem. Mr. Reckless is directing theOhio State University Delinquency Research Project, and is on the board ofdirectors of the American CorrectionalAssn.SACKS, JACOB, '22, SM'24, received theSouthwest Régional Award of the American Chemical Society at the 19th AnnualSouthwest Régional Meeting. Mr. Sacks,professor of chemistry at the Universityof Arkansas, Fayetteville, is an authorityon the chemistry of muscle contractionand the action of insulin. He received a plaque and a $600 honorarium with theaward.RAINEY, HOMER P., AM'23, PhD'24, hasaccepted membership on a national Commission on Standards and Accréditationfor agencies serving the blind. The commission, with 21 members, will undertakea three-year study to recommend a national system of voluntary accréditationto improve various service programs forthe blind. The group is sponsored by theAmerican Foundation for the Blind, Inc.Mr. Rainey is professor of higher éducation at the University of Colorado, Boul-der. He is on the board of directors ofthe Southern Education Foundation, theboard of electors of the Hall of Famé forGreat Americans, and is vice présidentof the Colorado Council of Churches.DORF, ERLING, '25, PhD'30, professor ofgeology at Princeton University, has received the Neil Miner Award of the National Association of Geology Teachers,in récognition of his outstanding andstimulating teaching in the field of geology. Mr. Dorf has been a member of thePrinceton faculty since 1926, a professorsince 1945, and has served as curator ofpaleobotany for more than 25 years. Hisresearch interest in the sedimentary rocksand fossil plants of the Rocky MountainRégion has taken him there on manyexpéditions. Mr. Dorf has been a scien-tific collaborator for the National ParkService since 1956 and is a former chairman of the Committee of Paleobotany ofthe National Research Council.SLEEZER, MARY, '25 see White-WHITE, MRS. GEORGE H. (MARYSLEEZER, '25) tutors in English forKent State University. Mr. and Mrs.White live in Kent, Ohio.HOERR, MILDRED, '26, SM'27 see LysleLYSLE, MRS. MILDRED (MILDREDHOERR, '26, SM'27) of Cleveland, Ohio,is still enjoying her work as head of theeditorial department at the ClevelandClinic Foundation, Mrs. Lysle wrote twoarticles during the past year: "Above theIvory Tower," in the January, 1963 issueof The Pen Woman; and "Thoughts OnEditing Manuscripts for Physicians," inthe May, 1963 Bulletin of the AmericanMédical Writers' Assn.MOURANT, JOHN A., '26, PhD'40, professor of philosophy at Pennsylvania StateUniversity, State Collège, Pa., has beennamed research scholar of the Collège of26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964/wf) continued "¦»"},»")the Libéral Arts for the winter and springterms, 1964, in récognition of his continued achievements in scholarly research.This is the second time Mr. Mourant hasbeen named research scholar at PennState, the first being in 1960. He is theauthor of more than 25 papers in variousphilosophical journals and of Reading inthe Philosophy of Religion, and FormaiLogic. His latest book, An Introductionto the Philosophy of St. Augustine waspublished early this year by the Pcnn-sylvania State Press.HALL, J. PARKER, '27, of HighlandPark, 111., and treasurer of the U of C, hasbeen elected a member of the board oftrustées of Teachers Insurance and Annu-ity Association of America, New York City.HOGREFE, MISS PEARL, PhD'27, professor of English at Iowa State University,Ames, la., is completing work on The Lifeand Times of Sir Thomas Elyot, a bio-graphical and critical study. Her otherpublications in 1963 included the thirdédition of The Process of Creative Writing (Harper & Row); an article "SirThomas Elyot's Intention in the OpeningChapters of the Governour," in Studiesin Philology, April, 1963; and a review inModem Philology, August, 1963.MEYER, ALBERT W., '27, PhD'30, hasbeen appointed assistant director of research at Stevens Institute of Technologyin Hoboken, N.J. Mr. Meyer was formerlymanager of technical personnel at theU.S. Rubber Company's Research Center,Wayne, N.J. His new duties at Stevensinclude the stimulation of graduate research, review of technical proposais andreports, assisting with the employment ofpersonnel and work on spécial assign-ments by the président. Mr. Meyer is anational councilor and member of theProfessional Relations and Status Committee and the World's Fair Exhibit Committee of the American Chemical Society.He and Mrs. Meyer (LESLIE HUDSON,SM'31 ) réside in Upper Montclair, N.J.MEYER, JOHN M., JR., '27, was elected adirector and member of the executivecommittee of Morgan Guaranty TrustCompany of New York. Mr. Meyer is anexecutive vice président of the bank andheads the international banking division.NEWLANDER, JULIAN A., '27, writesthat he is enjoying retired life in Clear-water, Fia.GIDWITZ, JOSEPH L., '28, of HighlandPark, III., was reelected a director of theFibre Box Assn., last fall. Mr. Gidwitz ischairman of the board of Consolidated Paper Co., Chicago, and John StrangePaper Co., Menasha, Wisc. He also holdsoffices in several other companies, andwas the founder of the Container Industrial Conférence. Mr. Gidwitz is président and director of the Division Fund ofChicago, and of the Jewish Fédération ofMetropolitan Chicago.TAYLOR, MISS CHARLOTTE, '28, ofMichigan City, Mich., was mentioned inthe local newspaper column, "MichiganCity Birds." The item noted that MissTaylor "must certainly hâve the world'slargest collection of earrings with a birdmotif. Gathered in various parts of theworld, they are not only décorative, butmany are authentic, and the whole collection is most interesting."BENNING, ALICE N., '29 see Darlington—DARLINGTON, MRS. CHARLES(ALICE N. BENNING, '29) returned toLibreville, Gabon where her husband isU.S. Ambassador, after a home leave thisfall. Mr. Darlington is the first résidentU.S. Ambassador to Gabon, a newly in-dependent nation in west central Africa.Since their original arrivai in Librevillein 1961, the Darlingtons hâve traveledthousands of miles through the country.Finding the Gabonese people generalîyunfamiliar with Americans, Mr. and Mrs.Darlington decided that extensive traveland personal contact was the best meansof acquainting them with Americans. Mrs.Darlington accompanies her husband onmany of thèse trips to the interior whichoften entail hazardous travel conditions.In addition to looking after the domesticaspects of Embassy opérations, she hastaught English to local officiais and hasinterested herself in getting teaching ma-terials such as text and référence books,for the Peace Corps volunteers in Gabon. JACKSON, JOHN M., '29, PhD'32, is director of research with the Green GiantCo., LeSueur, Minn. He was formerlymanager of the spécial investigations section of the research division, AmericanCan Co., in Barrington, 111. In 1962-63Mr. Jackson was président of the Instituteof Food Technologists. During 1962 and1963 Mr. Jackson was the author of twoarticles published in Food Technology:"Food for the Developing Countries,"and "The Rôle of a Technical Society inthe Food Field."JOSEPH, MILTON K., '29, JD'30, wasnamed secretary of the re-organizedboard of the Northlake Community Hospital, Northlake, 111. Mr. Joseph is anattorney and a circuit court master inchancery.BOBBITT, JOHN T., '31, of Hinsdale, 111.,has been appointed assistant laboratorydirector at Argonne National Laboratory,Argonne, 111. He has been a member ofthe Argonne staff since 1948 and technical services manager since 1957. In hisnew position, Mr. Bobbitt will be re-sponsible for personnel activities at boththe Illinois and Idaho sites of the laboratory. Argonne National Laboratory isoperated by the U of C for the U.S.Atomic Energy Commission. Prior to join-ing Argonne, Mr. Bobbitt was with Marshall Field & Co. for six years.BUSH, FRED R., AM'31, is director of theUniversity Theater at Central MichiganUniversity, Mount Pleasant, Mich.GORE, BUDD, '33, re-joincd the firm ofThe Halle Bros. Co., Cleveland-based de-partment store organization in Januaryas vice président in charge of publicity.He returned to Halle's after an absenceof seven years. During that time Mr.Gore served as retail advertising manager,advertising manager and assistant to theAlice Benning Darlington, '29, in Médouneau, GabonMARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27continued ¦¦gênerai manager of the Chicago DailyNews, and from 1961 to the présent timeas director of publicity and public relations of L. S. Ayres & Co., Indianapolis.While with Halles in 1954 and 1955 hewas publicity director. Active in manycivic groups, Mr. Gore is past nationalchairman of the U of C Alumni Fund andthis year is serving as head of the Cleveland Alumni Fund campaign.BAYES, ALFRED L., '34, PhD'41, wasappointed vice-président of the Lindedivision of Union Carbide Corp., NewYork City. Mr. Bayes, who has been administrative assistant to the président ofLinde since 1960, will be concernedprimarily with the division's research anddevelopment activities. He joined UnionCarbide in 1941.LOOSLI, CLAYTON G., PhD'34, MD'37,dean of the University of Southern Cal-ifornia School of Medicine, Los Angeles,has asked to be relieved of the administrative duties of the deanship in August,1964. He will remain a member of thefaculty as professor of medicine and willbecome médical director of the Univer-sity-affiliated Hastings Foundation. Anauthority on respiratory and infectiousdiseases, Dr. Loosli will hold the positionof Hastings professor of medicine, coordi-nating the research efforts of six otherfaculty members, supported by Hastingsfunds. He will also teach and moreactively continue his own studies of lungstructure and function. Dr. Loosli hadbeen dean since 1958 and went to USCafter 20 years on the U of C faculty. Heand his wife live in South Pasadena,Calif.BAUR, E. JACKSON, '35, AM'38, PhD'42,received the American Collège of Hospital Administrâtes' 1964 Edgar C. Hay-how Award for the outstanding articlepublished in Hospital Administration, thequarterly journal of the organization. Mr.Baur's article, entitled "The SpontaneousDevelopment of Informai Organization,"was published in the summer, 1963 issue.Mr. Baur is professor of sociology andanthropology at the University of Kansas,Lawrence. He is a fellow of the AmericanSociological Assn., and the AmericanAnthropological Assn., and a member ofthe Midwest Sociological Society.HILKEVITCH, MRS. AARON (RHEARUBISOFF, '35, AM'43, PhD'51) is onthe staff of the Psychosomatic and Psychiatrie Institute at Michael Reese Hospital,Chicago, as a senior clinical psychologist.RUBISOFF, RHEA, '35, AM'43, PhD'51see Hilkevitch— BUCKLEY, MISS IRENE G., '37, AM'40,was re-elected président of the SocialWork Vocational Bureau at its annualmeeting recently. The bureau serves pro-fessional social workers and agenciesthroughout the country. Miss Buckley isexecutive director of Cancer Care, Inc.,New York City.EISENSTEIN, SOPHIE J., '37, AM'47 seeMerritt—LITWILLER, R. W., PhD'37, of Colum-bia, Mo., is a staff physician with theStudent Health Service at the Universityof Missouri, Columbia.MERRITT, MRS. HOWARD A., JR.(SOPHIE J. EISENSTEIN, '37, AM'47)of Madison, Wisc, has been an éducationspecialist in social studies at the U.S.Armed Forces Institute in Madison since1951. She is also a member of the Wis-consin State Social Studies CurriculumCommittee, and last November was chairman of a section meeting on programmedinstruction at the annual meeting of theNational Council for Social Studies in LosAngeles. She adds, "My work is interest-ing, challenging, and most time-consum-ing. But I wish I had more time forvisits to Chicago and to some of my oldhaunts around the University."WHITESIDE, S. P., '37, has been appointed division marketing manager inthe sheet and plate division of KaiserAluminum & Chemical Sales, Inc., Oak-land, Calif. Mr. Whiteside who joinedKaiser Aluminum as a salesman in theLos Angeles district, has held a variety ofpositions with the company.CARLSON, LEROY T., '38, of Evanston,111., owns Suttle Equipment Corp., whichhas pioneered in acoustical and audio-metric fields. When Mr. Carlson acquiredthe company in 1949 it had 23 employées, and now employs 140 people.Mr. and Mrs. Carlson (MARGARET E.DEFFENBAUGH, AM'43) hâve fourchildren.RODBARD, SIMON, '38, PhD'41, of Ar-cadia, Calif., is director of cardiology atCity of Hope Médical Center, Duarte,Los Angeles.SUTTON, MISS RUTH, '38, AM'54, retired last year after 40 years as a teacherin the Whiting, Ind. school System. MissSutton began teaching in 1923 and in1928 became English and spelling teacherfor grades four through six at the Mc-Gregor school, the position she held untilretiring. She is past président of theWhiting Teachers Assn., the local andstate Delta Kappa Gamma organizations(international honor society), and theWhiting Business and Professional Wo-men's Club. Miss Sutton lives with asister in Hammond, Ind., and is pursuingseveral hobbies, among which her favoriteis knitting.FOSTER, LUTHER H., AM'41, PhD'51,président of Tuskegee Institute (Ala.),has been elected to the board of trustéesof Collège Retirement Equities Fund,New York City. HEFLIN, WOODFORD A., PhD'41, ofMontgomery, Ala., and researcher at theAir University, is the author of an articlein the fall issue of The Air UniversityReview, on terminology control and national strategy. Mr. Heflin is also a member of the staff working on a multi-lingual space dictionary, sponsored by theInternational Academy of Astronauticsheadquartered in Paris, France. In December while Mr. Heflin served on theGulf District Rhodes Committee, he sawWILLIAM NASH, '28, attorney in LittleRock, Ark.JAMPLIS, ROBERT W., '41, MD'44, ofAtherton, Calif., took a six-month sab-batical leave last year from his duties atthe Palo Alto Clinic and Stanford University Médical School départaient ofsurgery. Dr. Jamplis spent two months inBangkok as a visiting professor and alsovisited clinics in England, Italy andRussia. His family accompanied him and"it was a grand expérience for ail." Headds, "As an avocation I am still minister-ing to the sick and wounded on the Stanford football team."NARDI, GEORGE L., '41, MD'44, willdirect a research program of clinical andexpérimental observations of the normaland diseased pancréas at MassachusettsGeneral Hospital, Boston. The programis financed by a three-year grant from theJohn A. Hartford Foundation, Inc. Dr.Nardi is associate visiting surgeon atMassachusetts General and assistant clinical professor of surgery at Harvard University Médical School. Dr. Nardi twoyears ago was able to remove, isolate andkeep an animal pancréas alive outside thebody. Now he will study intensively thebiochemical and physiological processesof the living pancréas independent of thebody.DEGAN, JAMES W., '42, PhD'51, wasnamed associate technical director withthe MITRE Corp., Bedford, Mass. Mr.Degan was formerly head of MITRE'sSystem sciences départaient. Mr. Degan'sappointment is connected with the formation of a new information Systems direc-torate in the corporation. He and hisfamily live in Lexington, Mass.EVERETT, ROBERT R., '42, is vice président— technical opérations of the MITRECorp., Bedford, Mass. MITRE is anindependent nonprofît System engineeringcorporation which provides technical ad-vice and support to Government agencies.FEIN, MONROE, '43, of Evanston, 111., ismanager of computer sciences at the Illinois Institute of Technology ResearchInstitute in Chicago.SCHMITT, HANS A., AM'43, PhD'53, isco-winner of the George Louis Béer prizefor 1963 presented by the American His-torical Assn. The prize is given for theoutstanding work in the field of Europeaninternational history since 1895, and wasawarded to Mr. Schmitt for The Path toEuropean Union, published in 1962 byLouisiana State University Press. Mr.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964JlQ continued — Jè\JSchmitt is professor of history at TulaneUniversity, New Orléans, La.HOUSEWRIGHT, RILEY D., PhD'44, hasbeen elected vice-président of the American Society for Microbiology for the1964-65 year. Mr. Housewright is scien-tific director at Fort Detrick, Frederick,Md. He is also a member of the Society 'sCouncil Policy Committee.BORINSKI, ERNEST, AM'46, of Jackson,Miss., has been chairman of the SocialScience Division at Tougaloo Collège for17 years. Tougaloo is operating a newSocial Science Tutorial Institute and astudent exchange program which isachieving intégration "in reverse" at theschool. Mr. Borinski adds, "I enjoy theindependent work which allows for dis-covering new dimensions in social scienceprograms in a Mississippi Negro institution of higher learning."LEE, LAURENCE R., '46, JD'51, waselected secretary and gênerai counsel ofAbbott Laboratories, North Chicago, 111.An attorney for the company since 1955,Mr. Lee had served as assistant secretarysince 1961. Mr. Lee is police magistratein Lake Bluff, 111., where he and hisfamily réside.WATSON, JAMES D., '46, '47, HarvardUniversity professor of biology has beenelected a senior fellow of Harvard'sSociety of Fellows. He joins eight otherdistinguished scholars who, with theprésident of Harvard, appoint and counsel a group of 24 young scholars calledjunior fellows, who study and do researchof their own choice for three years. Mr.VVatson shared a Nobel Prize in 1962 forworking out the structure of deoxyribo-nucleic acid (DNA), the chemical ofheredity.GEMMER, H. ROBERT, '47, executivedirector of the Utica (N.Y. ) Area Council of Churches, is also chairman of theInterreligious Commission on Religionand Race of Greater Utica, editorial associate with Peace Action, and has servedon the Mayor's Committee on (Inte-grated) Housing. Last November, Mr.Gemmer presided at a Multi-Faith Servicefor the late Président Kennedy in theUtica Municipal Auditorium. Mr. Gemmer and his family live in Whitesboro,N.Y.HANSON, VIRGIL S., MBA'47, waselected second vice président of theAmerican Society for Personnel Administration, the national organization of personnel executives. Mr. Hanson is directorof employée relations of the SpencerChemical Co., Kansas City, Mo. Hejoined Spencer in 1947, and résides inPrairie Village, Kans. HOWARD, ROBERT S., '47, associateprofessor of biology at Ursinus Collège,Collegeville, Pa., has been listed inVolume XXI of Who's Who in American Education. Mr. Howard teachesgênerai biology and vertebrate anatomyat Ursinus. He has gained national récognition because of his studies of "intertidalinsects," distinct species found on thenarrow strip of shoreline between thelimits of high tide and low tide. Priorto joining the staff at Ursinus, Mr.Howard was on the faculties of the University of Delaware, Northwestern University, the University of Miami and theUniversity of Pennsylvania.LYON, J. T., '47, JD'48, was appointeddirector of tax planning and review of theChesapeake and Ohio Railway, withheadquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. Previ-ously Mr. Lyon was assistant to viceprésident of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail-road. He worked for the Internai RevenueService and law fîrms in New York andWashington, before joining B&O in 1962.PRASUHN, MRS. LLOYD W. (MARYS. ZINN, '48), was married to Dr. Pra-suhn on November 7, 1963 and they areliving in Chicago. Mrs. Prasuhn left thepublishing business in October and nowdoes "hospital volunteer work" in herhusband's Lake Shore Animal Hospital,Chicago. She is former assistant pub-Iisher of Realm magazine.SHORE, WILLIAM, '48, AM'52, of Gary,Ind., was named Librarian of the Year for1963 by the Indiana Library TrustéesAssn. Mr. Shore is director of the LakeCounty ( Ind. ) Public Library. Under hisdirection it has developed into a Systemof fourteen cooperating libraries; the onlyone of its kind in Indiana. Among innovations in the System are: use of dataprocessing machinery for détail work; useof books in the 14 libraries as a singlecollection; installation of a closed circuittélétype for communication betweenlibraries and the library center; inauguration of a daily courier service for deliveryand exchange of books and materialsamong libraries. Prior to joining the LakeCounty Library, Mr. Shore was with theGary Public Library, the University ofKansas Library, and the U of C Librarywhere he was spécial collections librarian.ZINN, MARY S., '48 see Prasuhn-HUMMEL, ARTHUR W., JR., AM'49, wasnamed deputy assistant secretary of theBureau of Educational and CulturalAffairs of the U.S. Department of Statelast fall. Since 1961 Mr. Hummel hadbeen deputy director of the Voice ofAmerica. He joined the overseas information program in 1950, serving two yearsin the Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs. Hisfirst overseas assignment was as publicaffairs officer in Hong Kong. In 1955 hewas assigned to Tokyo and two years laterto Rangoon, Burma. In 1959 Mr. Hummelreceived the Arthur S. Fleming Award asone of the year's top young Governmentofficers. He and his family live in ChevyChase, Md. R i nTWOffset Pnntmg • ImprintingMultilithing • Copy PraparatioTypawriting » Addreaaing • Addreaaographing• Automatic (naartingF'oidmg • MailingCHICAGO ADDRESSING * PRINTING COMPANY720 SOUTH DEARBORN STREET WAbflsIl 2~4561BEST BOILER REPAIR & WELDING CO.24 HOr/R SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoRICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TéléphoneMOnroe 6-3192THE NEW CHICAGO CHAIRAn attractive, sturdy, comfortablechair finished in jet black withgold trim and gold silk-screenedUniversity shield.$34.00Order from and make checks payable toTHE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION5733 University Ave., Chicago 37Chairs will be shipped express col-lect from Gardner, Mass. withinone month.MARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 29continued "•>KLETNICK, DAN, AM'49, of Park Forest,111., is now superintendent of the ParkForest Board of Jewish Education.WARNER, BEVERLY W., MBA'49, wasnamed vice président of Corn ProductsCo., New York City. Mr. Warner hasbeen with Corn Products since 1937 andhad served most recently as administrative vice président and executive viceprésident of Corn Products International,a division of Corn Products. Mr. Warnerlives in Greenwich, Conn.KING, DANA G., JR., '50, recently becamea diplomate of the American Board ofInternai Medicine, and is now assignedto the Aerospace Médical Group at Van-denberg Air Force Base, Calif.LINDBLOM, ROBERT, '50, of Oildale,Calif., is doing oil and gas explorationfor Standard Oil of California in the SanJoaquin Valley, with offices in Bakers-field.MARSHALL, WILBUR J., '50, has beenin private practice as a specialist inobstetrics and gynecology in Hammond,Ind., since 1962. He is married and hasthree children aged 8, 6, and 4. During1960-62 Dr. Marshall was in the U.S.Army, and previously had served hisinternship at St. Luke's-Presbyterian Hospital and his residency in obstetrics andgynecology at the University of IllinoisResearch and Education Hospitals.SCHNADIG, EDGAR L., MBA'50, hasbeen named vice président and chief executive officer of Park Forest Collège, aprojected four-year libéral arts collègebeing organized in the south suburban Chicago area. Mr. Schnadig was one ofthe U of C's continuing éducation students, having entered the University atthe âge of 56, upon his retirement frombusiness. During his business career hewas président of Aldens ( mail order company) and a Chicago department store.Mr. Schnadig also taught marketing atLoyola University and Notre Dame University. He is a member of the U of CCitizens Board.WINCHESTER, JOHN W., '50, SM'52,has returned from Taiwan where he wasa visiting Fulbright lecturer at the National Tsinghua University nuclear re-actor center. Mr. Winchester has resumedhis duties as associate professor of geo-chemistry at Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology, Cambridge.PEMBERTON, WILLIAM A., PhD'51,and Mrs. Pemberton ( CAROL LUNDIE,PhD'51), returned to the U. S. in August,1963 after spending a year in the Republic of South Africa. Mr. Pemberton wasworking for the National Institute ofPersonnel Research in Johannesburg, andMrs. Pemberton was visiting with herparents and old friends whom she hadnot seen since 1947 when she came to theU of C.REICH, LAURENCE, '51, JD'53, of JerseyCity, N.J., has become a partner in thelaw firm of Carpenter, Bennett and Mor-rissey, in Newark, N.J., with which hehas been associated since leaving the LawSchool.VON HENTIG, HARTMUT, AM'51,PhD'53, is chairman of the departmentof éducation at Gôttingen University,Gennany. This news is from his brother,ROLAND T. VON HENTIG, SM'62, ofChicago.DORDAL, ERL, '52, MD'56, of Chicago,was awarded a two-year research grantof $48,000 by the Public Health Serviceto investigate certain aspects of liver diseuse. Dr. Dordal is attending physieianat the U of C Hospitals and Clinics andan instructor in the School of Medicine.Mrs. Dordal is MILDRED REINKE,AM'53.ERICKSON, CHARLES J., '52, AM'54, ofRolling Hills, Calif., is an anthropologistwith the Apollo Space Program in thespace and information Systems division ofNorth American Aviation, Downey, Calif.MOORE, JOHN T., PhD'52, associate professor of mathematics at the Universityof Florida, is currently a visiting professor at the University of Western Ontario,London, Ont.STONE, GREGORY P., AM'52, PhD'59, ofSt. Anthony, Minn., has been promoted toprofessor of sociology at the Universityof Minnesota, Minneapolis.GOULD, MRS. EMMA (EMMA KRAID-MAN, '53) is a fellow this year in theHarvard School of Public Health (publichealth practice department, community mental health program). The appoint-ment runs through June. Mrs. Gould livesin Chestnut Hills. Mass.HANNA, BERTRAM, PhD'53, associateprofessor of medicine and neurology atthe Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind., has been namedtreasurer of the American Society ofHuman Genetics. The society has over1,000 members. At Indiana, Dr. Hannateaches both in the médical school andthe graduate program in médical genetics,a cross-departmental program organizedduring the past two years. He has doneresearch in human genetic disorders andpopulation genetics, and has publishednearly 20 scientiflc papers. Dr. Hannawas a teaching assistant at the U of C,and director of a field research team hère.Before going to Indiana Dr. Hanna waswith the National Institutes of Health,and had taught at Gettysburg Collège,Gettysburg, Pa., and the Médical Collège of Virginia.KRAIDMAN, EMMA, '53 see Gould-COHEN, PAUL J., SM'54, PhD'58, associate professor of mathematics at Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., was co-recipient of the Research CorporationAward for 1963. The $10,000 award isgiven annually for outstanding achieve-ments in science. Mr. Cohen was citedfor his proof of the independence of thecontinuum hypothesis and of the axiomof choice, and for initiating a whole sériesof advances in the field.HUDSON, WILLIAM T., AM'54, formerlyof Chicago, is now with the central officestaff of the Social Security Administration in Woodlawn, Md. His new positionis as an employée development officer inthe Division of Claims Control. Mr. Hud-son is living in Baltimore.MOTEL, DONALD G, '54, has been appointed senior brokerage consultant at theChicago brokerage office of ConnecticutGeneral Life Insurance Co. Mr. Moteljoined the company in 1961 as a brokerage consultant. He and his family live inChicago.SMALTZ, HUGH M. II, MBA'54, is livingin Hartford, Ky. He was married in 1960and has two children.ANDERSON,MARGARET,'55see Stuart-COLBY, BRUCE R., '55, MBA'60 see jointnews item 1—HARTLEY, DAVID K., AM'55, of Boston,is director of community planning for theBoston Régional Planning Project. Hewas amazed at changes in the U of Carea during a visit to Hyde Park lastsummer.JOHNSON, SCHUYLER C, MBA'55, wastransferred from the Chicago plant to thegênerai office of the Campbell Soup Co.in Camden, N.J. He was promoted fromsupervisor-labor standards to staff man-ager-methods analysis. Mr. Johnson is aformer captain in the U.S. Marine Corps30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964continued ~and served during World War II and theKorean War.LAZZZARA, RALPH, '55, of Métairie, La.,is a research fellow of the NIA, AmericanHeart Institute at Tulane UniversityMédical School. He is an internist andcardiologist.STUART, MRS. G. R. C. (MARGARETANDERSON, '55) and her husband ofAbingdon, Va., announce the birth of adaughter, Lane Sherwood, on July 7,1963.HAMLIN, HORACE C, MBA'56, of Lan-caster, Ohio, has been promoted tocolonel in the U.S. Air Force. ColonelIlamlin is director of research and devel-opment materials for the Air Force Systems Command.HARRIS, THOMAS L., AM'56, has beennamed a senior vice président at DanielJ. Edelman and Associates, Inc., Chicago-based national public relations firm. Mr.Harris was formerly a vice président, ae-count supervisor and account executivewith the firm. A résident of Chicago, heis former public relations chairman ofthe Chicago Junior Association of Commerce and Industry.McDARBY, DAVID P., AM'56, is a member of the English department and director of honors at St. John's University,Collegeville, Minn.MERIWETHER, LEWIS S., PhD'56, hasbeen selected as récipient of one ofAmerican Cyanamid Company's threesenior educational awards for advancedstudy. Mr. Meriwether, of Stamford,Conn., is a scientist at the company'sStamford Research Laboratories. He willattend the Chester Beatty Research Institute and the University of London, inEngland to study in the field of bio-energetics. Three such awards are givenannually to outstanding Cyanamid research scientists who want to return touniversities for study. Mr. Meriwetherjoined Cyanamid in 1955 and is currentlygroup leader of the synthetic group,ehemical department, Central ResearchDivision.QUINN, JOHN R., MRA'56, was the principal speaker in Chicago at the annualmanagement meeting sponsored by theAmerican Collège of Hospital Administrais. Mr. Quinn talked on February 7and 8 on the subject, "Helping Subordi-nates Grow." Mr. Quinn is director ofmanagement institutes with the IndustrialRelations Center at the U of C.TREGER, HARVEY, AM'56, of Chicago,is the author of an article "A Case Studyof a Delinquent," published in the Jan uary issue of the Journal of Crime andDelinquency.WHITENACK, MISS JEAN, AM'56 seejoint news item 2—YUFIT, ROBERT L, PhD'56, and his wifeGloria, of Chicago, announce the birth oftheir third child, Aveeva Tamara, on December 18, 1963.CHANEY, DAVID E„ '58, became pastorof the Good Shepherd Methodist Churchin Park Ridge, 111., in December. In theChicago Tribune the church was termed,"one of the most distinctive churches inMethodism." It features an unusual con-ical-shaped roof which provides excellentacoustics. Good Shepherd has a member-ship of nearly 300 people.FOX, DAVID W„ MBA'58, of ClarendonHills, 111., has been promoted to secondvice président in the banking departmentof the Northern Trust Co., Chicago. Mr.Fox joined the bank in 1955 followinga tour of active duty in the Marine Corps.FRIEDMAN, MENDEL, SM'58, PhD'62,presented a paper at the national meetingof the American Chemical Society inDenver, Colo., in January. Mr. Friedmandescribed the reactions of model compounds in a fundamental study of thechemistry of wheat and corn proteins.He is an organic chemist at the U.S.Department of Agriculture's Northern Régional Laboratory, Peoria, 111. His workis part of an extensive program beingconducted at the laboratory to createfrom cereal grains new compounds thatare useful industrially.GOODALE, JAMES C, JD'58, has beennamed gênerai attorney for the New YorkTimes. He was associated with the Times'gênerai counsel, Lord Day & Lord.HAMER, DONALD W., MBA'58, hasbeen appointed chief engineer in thetechnical materials division of Erie Tech-nological Products, Inc., State Collège,Pa. Prior to joining Erie Mr. Hamer waswith Solar Manufacturing Corp.; Radio Industries, Inc., a subsidiary of Thompson Ramo-Woolridge; and LindbergEngineering Co.RESSEGUIE, RICHARD, MBA'58, ofDeerfield, III., was promoted to secondvice président in the banking departmentof the Northern Trust Co., Chicago. Mr.Resseguie joined the staff at NorthernTrust in 1956 and was named assistantcashier in 1960. He is a member of theU of C Alumni Council.BROWN, WILLIAM J., AM'59, has joinedthe department of économies and researchof the American Bankers Assn., New YorkCity, as staff assistant. Mr. Brown wasaffiliated from 1960-63 with the économies department of McGraw-Hill, Inc.,New York City, and previously with theChase Manhattan Bank. In his new post,Mr. Brown will do économie research invaried aspects of banking and finance andon broad questions of national économiepolicy. He and his family live in Teaneck,N.J.CHEN, MIN-SUN, AM'59 see joint newsitem 2—CLARK, PETER B., PhD'59, recentlynamed publisher of the Détroit ( Mich. )News, was selected as "Detroit's Outstanding Young Man of 1963" by theDétroit Junior Board of Commerce. Mr.Clark is also président of the EveningNews Assn., which owns the News andWWJ-AiM-FM and WWJ-TV in Détroit.He is the great-grandson of James E.Scripps, who founded the News in 1873.Mr. Clark was an assistant professor ofpolitical science at Yalc University during1959-61, and then assumed his duties atthe News. In November, 1961, he became vice-président and assistant publisher, the second ranking corporationofficer. During his studies at the U of C,Mr. Clark was a research associate, andlater a political science instructor. InDétroit he is a director of the UnitedFoundation, Red Cross and MetropolitanScience Fair, a trustée of the FoundersSociety Détroit Institute of Arts, andmember of various other civic groups.DAVIES, WALTER H., MBA'59, of Ex-celsior, Minn., has been elected to theGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Décora ting — Wood Finish in g3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica-Bolex-Rolleiflex -Polaroid1342 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259NSA Diicounti24-hour Kodachrome DevelopingHO Trains and Modal SuppliasMARCH, 1964 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 3159 — -63board of directors of the Alleghany Corp.EMERICH, JOSEPH R., MBA'59 see jointnews item 1—WELLS, CHARLES L., MBA'59, wasnamed supervisor of applied research inthe central employée relations departmentof American Oil Co., Chicago, on December 1. He joined the company in1953 and in 1959 was appointed supervisor of employée relations in the gêneraioffice employée relations department.WENDT, JEROME D., MBA'59, has beennamed production programs manager atBaxter Laboratories, Inc., Morton Grove,111. Prior to joining Baxter, Mr. Wendtwas with George Fry & Associates. Heand his family réside in Evanston, 111.BRIDWELL, JOHN L., '61, of El Paso,Texas has separated from the U.S. Army,and is a civilian physicist for the Department of Army, White Sands MissileRange.FRIED, FLOYD A., MD'61, and his wife,of Chicago, announce the birth of adaughter, Deborah Sharon.KUPELIAN, ROBERT H., SM'61, formerlyof Chicago, has joined the research department of Monsanto Chemical Company's agricultural division as a seniorresearch chemist. Monsanto is located inSt. Louis, Mo. Mr. Kupelian was formerlya teacher at Chicago City Junior Collège.WATTS, JOHN H., MBA'61, was awardedthe U.S. Air Force Commendation Medalfor meritorious achievement. Major Watts,a research and development planningofficer assigned to headquarters, Air ForceSystems Command at Andrews Air ForceBase, Md., joined the service in 1942.WEISS, MILTON, MBA'61, of North-ridge, Calif., is a member of the technicalstaff at Hughes Aircraft Co., Culver City,Calif.BELINKOFF, IRVING L., MBA'62, ofClaremont, Calif., is now manager ofdevelopment planning for Wayne Manu-facturing Co., Pomona, Calif. He justpurchased a home, and adds, "wentswimming in December."DONOHUE, WILLIAM J. JR., MBA'62, acaptain in the U.S. Air Force, is stationedin Wiesboden, Germany and works dailywith Capt. GEORGE H. MONTAGUE,MBA'62. Capt. Donohue also teachesbusiness courses at night for the University of Maryland's European Division.DRAKE, GEORGE A., '62, AM'63, hasbeen named assistant professor of historyand director of the Selected Student Program at Colorado Collège, ColoradoSprings. Mr. Drake, currently a RhodesScholar at Oxford University, England,will assume his duties in September. Aspecialist in British history, he will reportto the Collège with six earned degrees;currently he is writing his doctoral dissertation on "Some Contemporary PuritanHistoriés of the Puritan Révolution." Mr.Drake spent two years at Oxford on aRhodes Scholarship, following a year atthe University of Paris as a FulbrightScholar. At the U of C he held a Rocke-feller Doctoral Fellowship. He is now atOxford on a third-year Rhodes Scholarship. Mr. Drake's parents are G. BRYANTDRAKE, AM'20, and Mrs. Drake (AL-BERTA STIMSON, '19 ) , of La Grange, 111.GLADDING, MARJORIE, AM'62 see Kel-ley—KELLEY, MRS. THOMAS E. (MARJORIE GLADDING, AM'62) is associateprofessor of sociology and anthropology atBradford Junior Collège, Bradford, Mass.KERIKAS, MISS MAXINE, AM'62, hasa new position as associate executivesecretary for the Tulsa Council of SocialAgencies, Tulsa, Okla.MOORMAN, G. EDWARD, JD'62, ispracticing law in Edwardsville, 111., andalso works for the American InsuranceCo., St. Louis, Mo. He and Mrs. Moor-man (HELEN DEAN, '62), announcethe birth of a daughter, Rebecca Lynn, inDecember, 1962.PAPERM ASTER, DAVID L., MBA'62, ofWilmington, Del., is with DuPont Company's treasurer's department, methodssection, learning the fundamentals ofcomputer programming as applied tobusiness problems. Mr. Papermaster isalso reviewing for the May, 1964 certifiedpublic accounting examinations.CONKLIN, THOMAS W., JD'63, an air-man in the U.S. Air Force, was reassignedto O'Hare International Airport in Chicago after completing a technical trainingcourse at Amarillo Air Force Base, Texas.Joint News Item 1- BRUCE R.COLBY, '55, MBA'60, and JOSEPH R.EMERICH, MBA'59, hâve been namedassistant secretaries in the trust department of the Northern Trust Co., Chicago.Mr. Colby and his wife live in Chicago.Mr. Emerich and his family live in OakPark, 111.Joint News Item 2 - MISS JEAN A.WHITENACK, AM'56, and MIN-SUNCHEN, AM'59, both of Chicago, hâvejoined the faculty of Roosevelt University(Chicago) as part-time instructors inhistory. Miss Whitenack, who will teach"History of the Far East," is a graduatestudent at the U of C and has previouslystudied at Freie University, Berlin; Na-rooni University, Belgrade; and the University of Paris. Mr. Chen, also a U of Cgraduate student, will teach "History ofModem China." He is also a Chinesebibliographer at the U of C's Far EasternLibrary and research associate for theCommittee on Far Eastern Civilization. memorialsHOEBEKE, CORNELIUS J., '95, died onNovember 15, 1963 at Kalamazoo, Mich.HUNT, MYRTLE A., '01 please see TischeTISCHE, MYRTLE (formerly Myrtle A.Hunt, '01), wife of the late FRANCIS F.TISCHE, '03, of Wellesley Hills, Mass.,died on February 12.JONES, ALBERT L., '02, of GloucesterCity, N.J., died on November 27, 1963.COLLINS, CHARLES W., '03, of Evanston, 111., died on March 3. Mr. Collins hadbeen a Chicago newspaperman since1903; from 1938 to 1951 he conductedthe "A Line O'Type or Two" column inthe Chicago Tribune. He continued onthe Tribune staff after relinquishing hiscolumn. Mr. Collins held positions withseveral old Chicago newspapers: the Chicago Record Herald, the Chicago Inter-Ocean, and the Chicago Evening Post.Mr. Collins was the author of severalbooks, a one-act play and a musicalcomedy. In 1951, the Chicago Press Vétérans Assn. named him its "Press Vétéranof the Year." While attending the U of CMr. Collins founded the student news-paper, then the Daily Maroon.HALSTED, NELLIE, '03 please see TaylorTAYLOR, NELLIE (formerly Nellie Hal-sted, '03), wife of Ernest K. Taylor, ofLos Angeles, Calif., died on January 25.THOLEN, EMIL F., MD'03, of BeverlyHills, Calif., died on March 11, 1963.McGUIGAN, HUGH A., PhD'06, MD'08,of Winnetka, 111., died on March 1 inEvanston, 111. Dr. McGuigan was professor emeritus of pharmacology and thera-peutics in the University of Illinois Médical School, where he taught from 1917to 1942. Before 1917 he was professor ofpharmacology at Northwestern UniversityMédical School, and assistant professor ofpharmacology at Washington University,32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MARCH, 1964St. Louis, Mo. Dr. McGuigan, a native ofIreland, was an authority on Irish folklore.RIGGS, BLANCHE E., '07, AM'10, of NewBrunswick, N.J., died on February 21.DeVRIES, ANNA, '11 please see Schaefer-LUEBKE, WILLIAM F., PhD'll, of Denver, Colo., died on November 1, 1961. Hewas professor emeritus of English at Denver University.SCHAEFER, ANNA (formerly Anna De-Vries, '11), wife of Louis Schaefer, ofAplington, la., has died.WILHELMS, FREDERICK T., '12, AM'36,of Michigan City, Ind., died on January 2.COLEMAN, THOMAS E, '14, Madisonindustrialist and former Wisconsin Republican party leader, died on February 4.Mr. Coleman had been président of Madi-son-Kipp Corp., since 1927. He was chairman of the Wisconsin State RepublicanParty for two terms during the 1940's andalso served as chairman of the party'sfinance committee. A strong supporter ofSenator Taft of Ohio for the Republicanpresidential nomination in 1952, Mr. Coleman was one of his four national cam-paign managers, head of the Midwest Taftorganization and his floor manager at theRepublican national convention. Follow-ing Senator Taft's defeat, Mr. Colemanwithdrew from active politics. Highly re-garded as a political "pro," an editorialin the Madison Capital Times said in part,"[Mr. Coleman] brought to the politicalprocesses consummate technical skills. . . .He was trusted by the candidates whoknew that they had no compétition to fearfrom him. And equally important, thosefrom whom he so successfully raised cam-paign contributions knew that the moneywas not going to promote Tom Coleman."FOOTE, MARIE (formerly Marie H. Shuf-nebotham, '14), wife of Thomas Foote, ofAlexandria, Va., died on October 8, 1963.SHUFFLEBOTHAM, MARIE, '14 pleasesee Foote—MARSHALL, FRANK H., AM'15, died onAugust 11, 1956.LAVERY, LORNA, '16 please see StaffordSTAFFORD, LORNA (formerly LornaLavery, 16), wife of the late Maurice L.Stafford, of Mexico City, died on February 23. Mrs. Stafford was founder, anddirector of the Graduate School of theUniversity of the Americas in MexicoCity since 1947. She went to Mexico in1938 when her husband was named theU.S. consul in Guadalajara and moved toMexico City when he became U.S. consulgênerai. Under her guidance the Graduate School has continued its emphasis onLatin American studies and offers degreesm eight areas of specialization. Prior togoing to Mexico, Mrs. Stafford taught atWellesley Collège, Woman's Collège ofthe University of North Carolina, andKansas State Teachers Collège. She wasa past président of the Association ofTexas Graduate Schools, and a corres-ponding member of the Hispanic Societyof America. WOODS, MADELINE, '17, of Chicago,died on February 13. Miss Woods was aformer newspaper and publicity woman.She wrote for the Joliet Herald-News, theChicago Sun, and the Chicago Herald Examiner, and was publicity director for theGreat States Theater Circuit, and for thelate Mayor Edward J. Kelly.DESENBERG, MILFORD, '19, of NewYork City, died in December, 1962.SIEFKIN, FOREST D., JD'19, of Glencoe,111., died in December, 1963. Mr. Siefkinwas former vice président, gênerai counseland a director of International HarvesterCo. He retired as vice président and gênerai counsel in 1957 and as director in1959. He was a director of the ChicagoTitle & Trust Co., J. Capps & Son Ltd.,and the Chicago Association of Commerceand Industry, and trustée of Illinois Collège, Jacksonville.EVANS, MARGARET, '20, of Youngstown,Ohio, has died.McCLUSKY, FREDERICK W., '20, of Chicago, died on April 5, 1963.JOHNSON, SAMUEL A., '21, of Dallas,Texas, died on December 26, 1963.WENDRICK, CARL F., '21, of Chicago,died on January 26. He was président ofhis own company, Steel, Service and SalesCo., Chicago, for 35 years. Following his^ retirement in 1959, he lived in BoulderCity, Nevada.GILBERT, EARL G., PhD'22, of Corvallis,Ore., has died. Mr. Gilbert was on thefaculty at Oregon State Collège.OLSON, WALTER, '22, of Chicago, diedon December 29, 1963.PAYNE, WINFRED E., AM'22, of Port-land, Ore., died on December 19, 1963.At the time of his death, Mr. Payne wasdean of the Oregon Institute of FamilyLife, and although retired, had establishedan extensive counseling practice. A spe-cialist in psychology, Mr. Payne had beenassociated with collèges, health organiza-tions, and various aspects of juvénile correctional and adult penitentiary work.WEILER, VERNON S., '23, of Wilmette,111., died on October 7, 1963.CARR, MURIEL B., PhD'24, of CliftonRoyal King's County, New Brunswick,Canada, died on February 3. She wasformer assistant professor of English atthe University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.TALBOT, NELL SNOW, '25, AM'31, wifeof Bryce Talbot, died on February 4.WELLMAN, MABEL T., PhD'25, ofBrookline, Mass., died on September 13,1963. Miss Wellman established a homeéconomies department at Indiana University, Bloomington, in 1913 and served asits head for 24 years. She retired in 1953,but remained in Bloomington until goingto Brookline four years ago.LACKRITZ, HARRY J., '24, died on March21, 1961 in Palm Springs, Calif. LEVY, LEWIS, '27, of Indianapolis, Ind.,died on November 24, 1963. He wasfounder of Levy, Calderon & Katz, Certi-fied Public Accountants, in Indianapolis.ANDERSON, ALFRED L., PhD'31, ofIthaca, N.Y., died on January 27 in Sayre,Pa. Mr. Anderson had been in the department of geology at Cornell University,Ithaca, since 1939 and became a full professor in 1952. Prior to going to Cornellhe was with the Idaho Bureau of Minesand Geology and the University of Idahogeology department, and discovered oneof the country's largest cobalt reserves inthe Blackbird District of Idaho. Mr. An-derson's work on Idaho geology was rec-ognized with a citation by the NorthwestScientific Assn. as "outstanding Northwest scientist."BRAZELTON, MARIAN F., '31, AM'36,died on July 4, 1963, in Lake Bluff, 111.HEINER, GLENNYS (formerly Glennys J.Rivola, AM'32), wife of Frank G. Heiner,of Chicago, died on March 2. She wasassistant editor in the Latin departmentof Scott, Foresman & Co.MAYFIELD, SAMUEL M., PhD'32, ofBowling Green, Ohio, died on August 11,1963. Mr. Mayfîeld was professor emeritusof geology at Bowling Green State University.RIVOLA, GLENNYS, AM'32 please seeHeiner—LUNSFORD, CHARLES, '34, died onJanuary 28 in Hempstead, L.I. Mr. Luns-ford was vice président and controller ofthe Equitable Life Assurance Society,New York City. Mr. Lunsford spent hisentire career with Equitable, becomingcontroller in 1953 and vice président in1960.PREST, SAMUEL C, '35, died on February 11 in Shell Knob, Mo.SAMPSON, WALTER W., AM'35, of Chicago, died in February.GOODMAN, ROBERT A., AM'40, of Highland Park, 111., died on January 25.STEPHENSON, MARY N., AM'40, of Denver, Colo., died on January 10. Miss Ste-phenson was former public assistance director for the Colorado Welfare Department. She retired from the department in1962 because of ill health. In 1946 shewas président of the Colorado Conférenceof Social Welfare.KEREKES, CLARA, '45, '46, MD'48 pleasesee Levine—LEVINE, CLARA (formerly Clara G.Kerekes, '45, '46, MD'48), of Hayward,Calif., has died.READY, ELDON, AM'45, of Griffith, Ind.,has died.DESHAZOR, WILLIAM, '63, died onFebruary 8 in Kansas City, Mo. Mr.Deshazor was attending the Trans WorldAirlines flight school there and wouldhâve been TWA's first Negro flight engi-neer. He majored in physics at the U of Cand was a former U.S. Marine pilot.Is it true that the leading producer of oxygenfor steelmaking had a hand in preparingTricia McDonald's orange juice?You'd expect that a company with 50 years' expérience in ex-tracting oxygen from the air would lead the field. You mighteven assume — and you'd be right— that it knows a lot abouthow oxygen can speed the making of steel. As a resuit, thecompany sells oxygen by the ton to steelmakers to help themproduce faster and more efficiently.You'd also expect that a leader in cryogénies, the scienceof supercold, would develop an improved process for making the frozen orange juice concentrate that starts TriciaMcDonald off to a bright, good morning.But there might be some doubt that two suchactivities as helping to speed steel production andhelping to improve frozen orange juice could cornefrom one company. Unless you knew Union Carbide. UNIONCARBIDEFor Union Carbide is also one of the world's largest pro-ducers of petrochemicals. As a leader in carbon products, itis developing revolutionary graphite molds for the continu-ous casting of steel. It is the largest producer of polyeth-ylene, and makes plastics for packaging, housewares, andfloor coverings. Among its consumer products is "Prestone"brand anti-freeze, world's largest selling brand. And it isone of the world's most diversified private enterprises in thefield of atomic energy.In fact, few other corporations are so deeply involved in somany différent skills and activities that will affect thetechnical and production capabilities of our nextcentury.We're growing as fast as Tricia McDonald.UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, 270 PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, N.YDivisions: Carbon Products, Chemicals, Consumer Products, International, Lir 10017. IN CANADA: UNION CARBIDE CANADA LIMITED, TORONTOde, Metals, Nuclear, Olefins, Ore, Plastics, Silicones, Stellite and Visking