U N I VER S I TY OFCHICAGOmagazineMARCH 1962Where didyesterday go?That's the big trouble with college reunions.They bring home the fact that time passesawfully fast!Let's look ahead.As a husband and father you can lookahead with greater confidence once you havetalked life insurance with a ConnecticutMutual Life man. Reason: A CML mancan tell you how much and what kind oflife insurance will provide exactly what youwant for your wife and children. He'll askyou what you and your family need, andwhen, and then recommend a plan to providethe funds. This skilled professional work hedoes without cost or obligation.Many a client of a CML agent has beendelighted at what was done to stretch hispresent life insurance, to make it providemore money for the right purposes at theright times without increasing the cost onecent! Why not call on a CML man forthis service?Dividends paid to policyholdersfor 116 yearsOwned by its policyholders, CML provides high qualitylife insurance at low cost and gives personal servicethrough more than 300 offices in the United States.Connecticut Mutual LifeINSURANCE COMPANY • HARTFORDYour fellow alumni nowwith CMLJoseph H. Aaron '27 ChicagoEdward B. Bates, CLU *40 Home officeChester F. Goss, CLU '52 MiamiRobert A. Havens '50 AlbuquerquePaul 0. Lewis, CLU '28 ChicagoFred G. Reed '33 ChicagoDan 0. Sabath '43 ChicagoRussell C. Whitney, CLU '20 Chicagomemo padFebruary 10th.^ has been a disgusting Chicago!V|nter for those of us who revolt at1Ce skating or skiing. Since Christmaslve have had little but near-zero weath-fr and piles of snow which petrifiedPL? clumsy ice. Every third car inChicago has smooth back tires fromginning away from curbs through Jan-Uary and into February.Personally, it's been a depressingPeriod because of the departure ofjiree good friends. It began with the^ath of Edgar J. Goodspeed on Jan-}lary 13 (see Dr. Riddle's story). Iearned much about the New Testament and early University history fromr> Goodspeed— was a guest in his Bellr home after his retirement.Two weeks later (January 28) Trus-ee Herbert P. Zimmermann, 81, died,. bronchial pneumonia in Geneva,""nois. After his 1901 graduation heJjj'ned R. R. Donnelley & Sons and"Joved through the ranks to president,Airman of the executive committeend> following retirement, director.Herb was my first boss when I came/tth tile Alumni Association in 1941.*as the first executive secretary of?e newly formed Alumni Foundation. °ard inaugurating annual alumni giv-n§- He was the chairman of this board.o * quickly learned there were two/^gs chairman Zimmermann would°f tolerate: 1) spelling his name with.?{% one final n; and 2) the statement,lk can't be done.".He was president of the Association|V"en they insisted that Carl Beckeave his lucrative Detroit district man-^per Towers andre»ident Beadle in California, benjamin Draper, '39, imaginative prober 0f San Francisco's popular "Sci-t^Ce in Action" weekly TV show forj e California Academy of Scienceseahired President Beadle on his Janu-P ' 29th show. Some 600,000 Northern"ufomians viewed the thirty-minutejjr°gram with host Earl S. Herald (right)« the President before a rear-screen{paction of Harper Library. SaturdayVening, preceding tlie telecast, Bayl.rea alumni held a dinner and a recep-k°u for President Beadle. Benjaminraper js a]so president of our BavT^ Chicago Club. ager's job with Federal Electric tobecome alumni secretary. You old timers know what a happy choice that was(from 1928 through 1945).Herb was also the driving chairmanof the Alumni Committee on Information and Development, set up in 1935to prepare for annual giving. It washis committee that founded the AlumniBulletin which was later called TowerTopics.As a trustee since 1937, HerbertZimmermann (with two n's) alwaysheld the alumni interests foremost inofficial considerations. I have lost animportant friend — and so have you.The day Herbert Zimmermann died,my good friend Harold R. Willoughby,71, professor emeritus, New Testamentand Early Christian Literature, was injured in a fall from the 57th StreetIllinois Central platform. He died February 2 at the Illinois Central Hospital.Harold should have been a lonesomescholar. He was a bachelor and hisonly immediate family was an invalidbrother in New England. For twentyyears Harold lived in the DisciplesDivinity House where they furnishedhim with a Gothic-high studio whichhe called the Hermitage. It was linedto the roof with his books.But Harold had friends from theMidway around die world— thirty yearsof former students. And he took keeninterest in everyone's progress.Always he crossed the street fromthe Hermitage to the Quadrangle Clubfor lunch. I frequently joined him atthe round table in die bay. Each timehe had one or more letters from thesefriends which he wanted me to read. They were not only his students butmy alumni. The volume of his correspondence — going and coming — wasphenomenal. His interests were personal, scholarly, and intense. So, Harold never quite grew old.Membership, da; Magazine, nyetlDear Mr. Mort:I've just been reading your "inventory" in the January issue.In 1959 I entered a subscription formy sister in Minsk, U.S.S.R. For whatever significance it may have, I wantto report that she received a membership card and a bill for the next year'sdues but not one copy of the Magazine.F. D.Two alumni shift positionsAndrew W. Cordier, AM'23, PhD'26,undersecretary of the United Nations,who resigned to become dean of theGraduate School of International Relations at Columbia University, is one ofour most distinguished alumni. Mr. Cordier was the June Reunion speaker in1959 when he was awarded the AlumniMedal, the Association's highest honor.Ruth White Engler, former Hutchinson Commons and Coffee Shop supervisor, has been appointed director offood quality control for die nation-wideStouffer Corporation (restaurants andfrozen foods). Mrs. Engler has beenwith die Stouffer organization for 19years. Now she presides over 4,000recipes which she will be forever testing and improving. The Englers' homeis in the Cleveland suburb of NorthRoyalton. H.W.M.Ma-RcH, 1962 1UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGOmagazine5733 University AvenueChicago 37, IllinoisMidway 3-0800; Extension 3244EDITOR Marjorie BurkhardtEDITORIAL ASSISTANT Rona MearsFEATURES3 Anatomy of a Protest6 A Look at the Art MarketEdward A. MaserII The Odds are Against ItKermit Eby17 Business Outlook 1962Irving SchweigerWalter D. Fackler31 Edgar J. GoodspeedDonald W. RiddleDEPARTMENTS| Memo Pad1 5 Lette rs19 News of the Quadrangles24 News of the Alumni33 MemorialsCOVERSkating under the north stands of Stagg Field.CREDITSCover, 3, 4, 20, 21: Daniel Lyon; 6-9 MaxEpstein Archive; 9(Pollock): Art Institute ofChicago, gift of Society for ContemporaryAmerican Art; 9(Picasso): New York Museum of Modern Art; 9(Cropsey): BostonMuseum of Fine Arts; 17: Speeches fromMeeting of Executive Program Club, Jan. 17.THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONPRESIDENT John F. Dille, Jr.EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Howard W. MortADMINISTRATIVE ASST Ruth G. HalloranPROGRAMMING MaryJeenne CarlsonALUMNI FOUNDATIONNational chairman C. E. McKittrickChicago-Midwest Area Florence MedowREGIONAL OFFICESEastern Region John Callahan26 E. 38th StreetNew York 16, N. Y.MUrray Hill 3-1063Los Angeles Mrs. Marie Stephens1195 Charles St., Pasadena 3After 3 P.M.— SYcamore 3-4545MEMBERSHIP RATES (Including Magazine)I year. $5.00; 3 years, $12.00Published monthly. October through June, by theUniversity of Chicaqo Alumni Association. 5733 University Avenue, Chicaqo 37. III. Annual subscriptionprice $5.00. Single copies, 25 cents. Entered assecond class matter December I. 1934. at the PostOffice of Chicago, III., under the act of March 3.1879 Advertising agent: The American AlumniCouncil. 22 Washington Square. New York. N. Y.2 ^OUR OWN MAKE TROPICALSin our distinctive new 2-button model,and our traditional 3-button styleThe handsome suitings in these lightweight tropicals are woven exclusively for us, in designs andcolorings of our selection ... and the suits themselves reflect the workmanship and detailing of ourexpert tailors. This season we offer these fine tropicals in our new 2-button* style that was so successful when introduced by us last Fall ... as well as ourgood-looking 3-button model. Coat and trousers.Our Own Make Tropicals. English Worsted, $ 1 25 •Dacron® Polyester and Worsted, $ 1 1 0Also our "346" tropical suits, made toour exacting specifications, $80*in Dacron-and-worsted onlyESTABLISHED 1818j^iens FumisbUxgsjjJate echoes74 E. MADISON ST., NEAR MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO 2, ILL.NEW YORK • BOSTON • PITTSBURGH • SAN FRANCISCO • LOS ANCIiLESTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEANATOMYOF APROTESTint -^ °an never accept segregation as a means tov e^"ation, on logical or moral grounds."— the Uni-rsity chapter of Congress of Racial Equality. "The7 issue on which there is arguable difference ofWarT u is the rate at whicn lt is Possible t0 move t0~is .tne agreed-on objective widiout losing more thangained."— University President George Beadle.etween these two statements lies the area of aiversity dissension which made international head-during January and February.jqPp Tuesday, January 16, student representatives ofnes duriBearll 3nd Student Government met with President^ dJe to disclose the results of test cases in whichsihfr°eS and wbites applied for apartments in Univer-^-owned buildings. In each of these cases thegroes were refused apartments the white applicantsthe^ °^ered- Five of the six Negroes participating intest cases were students of the University.mlnICvrcJing t0 CORE, the housing in question is apart-are uildings and hotels in the Hyde Park-Kenwooda which are owned, leased, subsidized or other-thISe controlled by the University. CORE stated thatinT? are at least 125 apartment buildings and hotelso'ved, with over a hundred being segregated.p Un Wednesday the 17th, CORE held a meeting andverS • the following resolution directed to the Uni-*• State publicly that the University of Chicagoc not discriminate on the basis of race, religion orof ed in the renting, leasing, administering, or selling«anV property that is owned or controlled by it.j. *• Refrain from supporting any other realtor who^irninates on the basis of race, religion, or creed.all tt Issue a directive to all personnel to administer^University owned property to the effect of the above.i 4- Provide for the implementation of this directivetin esrtablishing an official board with equal representa-JJ fr°m the administration, faculty, and student body;c" delegate to that board the full power to hear anyd0rnplaint relating to this policy and make bindingecisions on all cases brought before it."t, Un January 22, Mr. Beadle released what was to be, e major University statement on housing and neigh-b°.^od policy: .a], lhe University believes in equal opportunity tor1 Persons— in education, in employment, in livingrations, and in all other respects, regardless of race,,}gion, or ethnic background.... Ir* line with this belief, the objective of the Univer-'v in all its neighborhood housing activities is toMARCH, 1962 mzachieve a stable interracial community. As PresidentKennedy recognizes (N.Y. Times, January 16), theachievement of die desired end result must be attaineddeliberately, so as not unduly to increase fear and distrust. This view is widely shared by sociologists, socialworkers, local community leaders, city planners, andnational authorities on the subject— both Negro andwhite."It is the firm intention of the University to continueto move as rapidly as feasible toward the desired goal."The objectives of the University are therefore thesame as those stated by representatives of StudentGovernment and of CORE. The only issue on whichthere is arguable difference of opinion is the rate atwhich it is possible to move toward the agreed-on objective without losing more than is gained."The University's activity in housing falls into twocategories. Its policy toward student and faculty housing is to provide assistance in finding suitable accommodations for all, through regular University channels,without reference to race or creed. It must be recognized, however, that there will always be difficultiesin this effort, for there is not now and there is notlikely to be sufficient housing of a kind that will satisfyall needs and all desires."The University also owns and manages certain commercial residential properties. Whenever the University acquires a building because it is threatened withdeterioration — the primary reason for such acquisition— it does not make abrupt changes of practice withregard to occupancy because maintenance of a sociallypracticable rate of integration is essential to the prevention of further deterioration."Experience has proved that integration of suchproperty does not occur spontaneously; in fact, theBEGINNING OF A PROTEST: students sit-in outside Pre5|ident Beadle's office— they numbered as many as 30, °few as six (but, not the limit of four the University r^quested). Both student and non-student members of COKwere arrested at University Realty Management.,13M30AKAM YTEND OF A PROTEST: the University, having prohibitedfurther sit-ins, 300 students assembled at Ida Noyes. Mr.Beadle here speaks to the group, assuring continued University efforts for an integrated community.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZlN#Pposite is true. A sudden change of practice enhancese fear and distrust of present tenants and they tendSe move out. The building shortly becomes whollySfegated in character and the achievement of multiracial occupancy becomes vastly more difficult than* Policy of controlled integration had been followed., *n making decisions on the time schedule to beu served in such cases, the University seeks and makesJe of the best advice it can get from responsiblesourcesSo Controlled social forces at work in an imperfectm^lety once almost destroyed the University com-as nity- These forces are now well understood and,in a resuJt, there has been substantial progress in creates a stable interracial neighborhood in Hyde Park-jnwood. This has been made possible through the0r. Per^tion and good will of persons of many ethnictolgI^> both as individuals and through organizationshas 1 h *ey belong. In these efforts, the Universityr en an active part. It will continue to do so,p ?8ni2*ng that not all answers to the fundamentalsi ^ m are known and that there will always remain**}J «* of error.int 1S difficult t0 achieve and maintain a truly stableth erracial community. Ours is now more successfuldel* m°St; furthermore, there is evidence that the^ T.ee °f success achieved during the past decade isthe g Possible an acceleration of the process. Butm J0al is not yet fully achieved. If we are set backsha a 0rderly process now going on, the loss will bertwed bY all members of the community, whatever<* r*eial origins.to ti P°licy described above has been presented fullysenf Council of the University Faculty and to repre-hee TS °f Student Government and CORE, and hasn discussed in detail with these groups."held *e evening of the 22nd a CORE meeting wasdav t0 discuss Mr. Beadles official statement of thatnJ' It was decided that the University was makingther?T toward implementation of the first point ofnexf ?RE ^solution and that sit-ins would begin theaeo\. y and continue until the University would{Borate on the basis of the resolution. The follower statement emerged from the meeting:ti0 ^C°RE does not believe that a policy of segregation n)aintained by the University or any other institute,? lIS the means by which an integrated community^bc achieved.^"fh^ are aware of the many comPlexities involvedit^nitl attmpt t0 create an inte§rated decent com-for rt?°Wever we are convinced that the starting pointHon t Process of integration is the immediate eliminating a11 fo™s of discrimination, while at the samePropeaCtiveIy maintaining housing standards on their« y 'Uie^l e therefore urge all interested and informedto n i of the community, including the University,.pool their resources in an attempt to create a trulygrated neighborhood of the kind we all desire.hiH« s meeting a fifth point was added to the reso-<£n «f the 17th: *Concerning the problems involved in attaining a^CH, 1962 stable integrated community: it has been demonstratedin other communities that when organized efforts havebeen made by qualified groups and individuals in theareas of education and community planning, theseproblems need not occur. We therefore propose thatonce the University renounces its policy of segregation,a commission be established to initiate and directsimilar programs to which CORE will give its fullsupport."Discussions between University representatives andCORE and Student Government representatives continued, as did the sit-ins— both full-scale and token,at both the Administration Building and the University Realty Management office.On February 1, the University released a fact sheeton non-academic properties, stating in part, "At thismoment, the University of Chicago owns fewer than12 buildings in this area, held for non-faculty, non-student housing or campus expansion. These structuresare generally high-rise, hotel-type apartment buildingswhich offer completely furnished units including utilityand maid services. Most of these buildings had lessthan 50 per cent occupancy when they were acquiredby the University of Chicago. In most cases, the owners were unable to continue maintenance of the properties and the buildings were faced with deteriorationand eventually slum operations. In some cases, theUniversity is prepared to demolish the buildings. Inother cases, the buildings either will be converted long-range to student-faculty uses or will be sold to privateinvestors after some renovation. . ."In the above-mentioned 12 buildings, there are nomore than 800 apartment units. Of the 800 units, perhaps some 20 per cent are in buildings that are opento integration. And about another five per cent are inunits where the University has practiced open occupancy since the buildings were first acquired. . ."The University of Chicago has never owned oroperated apartment buildings for investment purposeson the South Side or anywhere.""The University of Chicago, in the Kimpton andBeadle administrations, did not and does not supportrestrictive covenants. Such covenants, of course, arenot legally enforceable/'On February 5, the University prohibited furtherdemonstrations under threat of suspension, chargingthat the students were disrupting University businessfrom their position in the Administration Buildingcorridor. That night Mr. Beadle attended a meetingof approximately 300 CORE members and sympathizers and assured them of the formation of a committeeof faculty, students and representatives of civic andcommunity groups to discuss and investigate the issue—a committee which CORE had requested.At this point CORE declared the sit-ins suspended(making a clear distinction between suspended andended) Representatives of CORE and Student Government expressed satisfaction that the problem hadbeen brought out into the open, and the feeling thatstudent-faculty discrimination had been largely eliminated. They are hopeful of the effectiveness of thenew committee.aHow much is this painting worth to you-$618,000? $18,000?$2,000?nWould it make a good investment-EDWARD A. MASERChairman of the Department of Arthere takes a rather quizzicwMEISSONIER: CAMPAIGNE DE FRANCE 1814LOOK AT THE ART MARKETWe are continually being confronted, in the pressand in more popular periodicals which deal with art,with the fact that, at mid-twentieth century, art has notonly become big news, but also big business. Not onlydo individual works of art, sold at that new substitutefor Monte Carlo, the auction room, reach astronomicalfigures, but the whole level of art prices has risen farbeyond what might be expected even in this day ofspiraling prices. Such a painting by Meissonier as this,which in 1890, sold for the equivalent of about $618,000,today probably would not cost more than several thousand (although even such paintings as this are goingup right now) . At the same time, paintings which seemincomprehensible to the layman, jokes, frauds on thepublic, are selling for hundreds of thousands.This fluctuating but, today, continually rising marketwould lead one to consider art a good area for investment. If a painting such as Edouard Manet's Gare St.Lazare now in the National Gallery in Washington,bought for $20,000 in 1898 (the equivalent of about$68,000 today) would now go for at least $500,000,one might say that art is a sure thing. Yet, the exampleof the Meissonier should give pause. The knowledgeneeded to recognize what will be worth 100 times itsvalue in sixty years is not possessed by everyone noris it easily acquired. The art collector and financier,Robert Lehmann of New York, who collects everythingfrom medieval art to modern, is a great student of arthistory. Yet, when asked by Fortune Magazine someyears ago whether he considered art one of the areasin which he was active as an investor, he replied thathe considered it to be pure speculation.In spite of such caution by those who have the meansand the knowledge to collect art in a most profitablefashion, the art market soars. Park Bernet of New Yorkdid eight and a half million dollars worth of businessin 1960-61; Sothebys of London did twenty-three and6 a half million with many spectacular sales but, inter'estingly enough, with an average price of $84 per itenrArt is big business because both large and small fin'something in it.Rarity value, "keeping up with the Joneses," publicitytechniques, all come into play in the art market. Moreover, since there is almost no control (the Better Bus1'ness Bureau, the American Antique Dealers Association'the American Appraisers Association are some agenciewho do try to help) the buyer must still beware.The dealer, usually sincere, is, however, often will'n»to take advantage of a fad or of innocence. He veryhumanly exploits very human qualities, for his rnaipurpose is, after all, selling. Who then is there fro"1whom the buyer might get some idea of the natufof this seemingly chaotic state of affairs? That is, 'he is curious about these particular commodities t°other reasons than their own impression on him antheir appeal to his personal desires which are,must here affirm, the only really valid reasons. Peopledo exist to whom he can turn.There are the art experts connected with a museum.a university or a truly distinguished gallery. They arevery like the diagnostician in medicine. Yet where y/eusually follow with almost superstitious awe the advicof the doctor, sometimes before we are ill, the art expCseems rarely consulted before the fact, but is more likelyto be called in to substantiate what a layman has decided is good and right or has been assured of by son1unqualified or unscrupulous person. ,The inconsistencies of the public attitude tovvarthe art museum curator, the appraiser, or the critic >stem really from the fact that while the experts ha ,developed knowledge far beyond the simple systemlooking at a picture and deciding it is worthwhile »pleases, the public has not. "I don't know much ab°lart, but I know what I like" is really a very questio"THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZIN^*Je doctrine for one usually likes what one knows—wWch is no help in learning about the art market.What can the academic world do in this strangeEf C °f business sense, human frailty and changingj?stes, beyond decry and condemn it? It can do one.T^g— it can place at the disposal of the interested,e knowledge which two hundred years of study andesearch provides. The high prices, lucky finds, and allne other glamorous aspects of recent developments inrp art market, or in the public's thinking about art,J^y have little to do with the true value of a work: art as a testimony of human ideas and an expressionot numan values.un^ example of this is what has happened to our, "demanding of such a famous painting as Rem-the "Night Watch" (J might add that much °£°aseddi ^Uth We now know about this Sreat Painting isth a °n tile researches of Seymour Slive, a graduate ofe Art Department of our University who is now aVanished professor of art at Harvard.)J^ painting was done in 1642 for a group of menn° belonged to one of the civic guard groups ofmsterdam. They were, by this time, sort of volunteerinrV?nal guard groups each serving under an officer—this case a man named Robert Banning Cocq. Theremasjnany portraits of such groups by greater and lesserThe painting by Rembrandt, always admired by dieWii£eedinS eenturies for its dark, romantic appearance*i»T men barely visible in the gloom, was done in thean\e year as Rembrandt's wife died. He had by his'°de 0f life run through most of her money and it«« after this date that Rembrandt's financial diffa-utles becrnn t»- k. „ „„,.„ dnnP there are so fewconnectd„ 6S began- It became easy— since there are so fewtC^ents related to this period in his life-to connectC5 <fo things— this picture and Rembrandt's decline.«e legend grew— particularly in the materialistic 19thentury which preached realism— that the style ot^mbrandt's painting of the Company of Captain Ban-to § °CC1 was what displeased. The subjects objectedPaying for it and not being seen.rev i°f this speculation was untrue. Documents havec/ealed that everyone liked the painting; nobody wasahn d for each man paid on a proportional scale otneS* i°ne hundred guilders, according to how promi-Dla„ r was in the picture. The painting hung in aa f °f honor in the club house of the CloveniersdoelenA « Was called— and was even later moved to the^sterdam City Hall, in 1715. Captain Cocq wasP °Ud of the picture too.w,lhen, after World War II came another revelation,It , the Picture was cleaned it was revealed thatj *as not a night watch at all-all the darkness wasElda,rkened varnish and not paint at all. (It was notth .-xhe end of the 18th century that it was calledth! J?^ Watch.") The painting was rechristened« Day Watch," but this led to more trouble, tor thef ^Pany 0f Banning Cocq was not a municipal policesj^t was an honorary group made up of people ofand m§ in the community They did not tramp aroundyetStand watches, as they may have done a hundredfcearher during the Dutch Wars of Independence.Vftat then, was the meaning of the whole thing? AgainMA*CH, 1962 a patient researcher found the truth: shortly before1642, the Queen of France paid an official visit toAmsterdam and all die honorary guard groups marchedin a parade in her honor. The company of BanningCocq thought, or Rembrandt did, that it would befitting to show this company not at a table enjoying aget-together which is what they mostly did, as FransHals, let us say, was content to show in his portraitsof the similar guard companies. Rembrandt thought itappropriate to show them preparing for their participation in the parade— not as carefully posed gentlemen,but as men of action, moving through the city's streets,still not in order but moving freely. His rendering ofthe individuals was excellent and, certainly, evidencehas shown, aroused no objections, but Rembrandt, asdoes any man of genius, went far beyond them— herepresented not only certain men, alive at a certaintime, placed in a certain frame of reference, but hepainted an ideal representation of men of action andcourage busy at their trade of defenders of the peace.This goes far beyond the bare facts, but artists, goodartists, usually do.What actually seems to have happened is that somuch documentation existed of Rembrandt's bankruptcy diat, to an age in which financial failure wastruly a social crime, it became the only thing abouthim which stood out. Actually, he was always wellthought of by connoisseurs, even in his old age whenhis work had also gone out of fashion a bit. Rembrandthad always led anything but a penny-pinching existenceand commercially-minded Amsterdam did not minduntil he went broke. His wife's death also allowedthose held off up till then by the prestige of her familyname, to pounce on the poor man.Such work as his serves, besides giving us a clearerpicture of what an acknowledged genius was doingand thinking at a given time in his life, to tell ussomething of how changes in taste can influence notREMBRANDT: NIGHT (DAY) WATCHjust the fortunes of an artist, but can change generations of thinking about art with regard to one of hismasterpieces. That masterpiece, had people during thelast century known its true nature in its time and place,might have changed the course of the development oftaste in art and its relation to man and his life. Forthe trouble with Rembrandt was that like the modernartist of today, he was simply too "far out" for mostof his contemporaries, and was even more so whentastes changed in the next century.If one watches artists then, concerns himself withthe problems with which they are struggling, one hasperhaps, the greatest clue to what forms of art, pastand present, are going to be studied and appreciatedby scholars and connoisseurs, and will eventually become the choice items on the art market. For, theartist as a creative intuitive being totally immersed invisual problems, continually studying the past andpresent, but a product of his own age still seeing thingsin the context of his own present, first sees in worksof art what the rest of us only discover later.The ideas of the Impressionists eventually mademany aspects of Baroque art popular; the Expressionists revealed the virtues of Mannerist art of the sixteenthcentury, among other things.Picasso and his "Demoiselles d' Avignon" painted in1907, began, and today still symbolizes, the interest inprimitive art which has resulted today in whole museums devoted to it alone and interior decoratingnever being the same again.The work of Jackson Pollock for instance is, forbetter or for worse, known to you. His treatmentof broad surfaces with movements of color harmonieshas, perhaps unconsciously, so influenced the waywe see things that now such things as seventeenth andeighteenth century paintings, such as this ceiling in achurch in southern Germany, by artists who have beenliterally ignored until the last twenty years — are beingstudied and appreciated increasingly.Many developments in modern art have, then, awakened interest in long-ignored areas of the art of thepast or of exotic cultures. Modern sculpture has causedcollectors to look more carefully at Medieval andRenaissance works; so much so that they are rapidlyrising in price and scarcity. Speaking of sculpture,let the would-be collector who is willing to study thefield — but really study it — look into such things asportrait medals from the fifteenth to the nineteenthcentury. It is still almost a virgin field as vet, especiallyin America, but will soon be coming into its own.Since I seem to be giving tips on the market — onemight look again at the European masters of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and at the lesserAmerican masters of the period between 1850-1880.Such men as Jasper Cropsey are names to conjure withthese days — before 1940 only a few specialists concerned themselves with their likes. Perhaps the winnerin an auction ten years from now will be one of them.In the modern field, one might look at paintingswith a more complex, perhaps even allegorical, meaning.They seem certain to hold their interest and valuelong after mere experiments in form and techniquehave lost theirs, for they speak more directly to human dreams and desires. In this realm of art buying thenknowledge — whether one's own, or that of specialistsis obviously useful if one does not wish to gambleLucky breaks can be found and sad disappointmentsalso, even with good advice, for the best of expertscan make mistakes. In the famous case of the fakeVermeers, for instance, the experts were discreditedbecause they believed too much in the value of scientific techniques as the answer to authentication.The lesson one can learn from the story of vaaMeegeren's fake Vermeers, however, is that murderwill out. Each generation sees things differently andlooks for certain things in a painting which the fakermakes sure are there. The next generation, or the oneafter it, looks for very different things in a picture andnot finding them, or finding overly prominent Grandfather's criteria, would begin to have doubts. Doubtslead to investigation, and investigation usually leads totruth. It was our faith in technology which vanMeegeren exploited. Had his own vanity not causedhim to betray himself, the educated eye of the nextgeneration probably would have done so.Only by means of careful research, constant comparison between documented works and questionedones — only by the development of an "eye" — the resultof a vast visual experience and memory and a plentifulsupply of research facilities of comparative materialsuch as photographs and documents, can an "expert"be developed.These are the things with which an Art Departmentconcerns itself. Resides teaching, every member ofthe Department in his field of specialization conducts research which is based on the study of knownworks of art in comparison to unknown, or misunderstood or unappreciated ones. To do this, modern sciencein the form of photographs is called into play. As anexample of this, the University of Chicago has in theEpstein Archive one of the finest research facilities ofits sort — 300,000 photographs of works of art whichare used in such problems as I have indicated to you.This unique research facility is the only one of anydistinction west of New England and New York. Bydeveloping such research facilities as this we not onlyimprove our opportunities of training the young indeveloping this visual memory, this "educated eye,"but also provide the community with an availablesource of information, advice and even admonitionfor what is, especiallv in Chicago, of such great publicinterest — the world of art.In closing I would say that this brief "Look at theArt Market" is a quizzical one, which expresses wonderat the phenomenon of man's love of being deceived inwhat he sees — quizzical and skeptical. The solution tothe problem of the art market is specialized knowledge,something which receives respect in most areas ofscholarly endeavor, and should in art as well. Special'ized knowledge is the one sound and constant means offinding the answers to the myriad questions which thecollecting of art, if not the understanding of it, proposes-The collector, or the would-be collector, would do wellto consult those who have it. Speaking for the Art Department at the University, which has it, we are at youfdisposal. $8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE/If/-. Maser believes that many a "new" development in art has revealed the virtues ofan older period. Examples: Jackson Pollock's "Grayed Rainbow" (1953) and Spieler's fresco (1751) shown above; Picasso's"Les Demoiselles d Avignon" at left andprimitive art which is now popular.lat might he a good area forn investment today? He sug-kests, among others, lesser Amer-f?'} masters of the period fromt?50 to 1880. HERE: Jasper^r?Psey's "Landscape: Eagle^0, New Hampshire," 1851.MARCH, 1962The Periodic Tabic llata all the known element* of the world we live In . . . more than half of them uned by Union Cl,r'"This is trie world of Union Carbide. bringing you a steady stream of better products from the basic elements of natureYou're probably one of the millions who have used such UnionCarbide products as Prestone anti-freeze, Eveready flashlights and batteries, or Pyrofax bottled gas. But the major part of Union Carbide's outputis in basic materials, employed by more than 50,000 industrial customers tofill your life with useful things.The 70,000 people of Union Carbide operate more than 400plants, mines, mills, laboratories, warehouses, and offices in the United States,Canada, and Puerto Rico. With these vast resources and skills, and the helpof 35,000 suppliers, they create a variety of products in the fields of motals,carbons, gases, plastics, and chemicals.It is men and women working together to provide new andbetter materials that gives full meaning to Union Carbide. And the peopleof Union Carbide, backed by 128,000 stockholders, will go on bringing youthe necessities and conveniences that will help keep our standard of livingthe highest in the WOrld. Periodic Chart OWclch-ChicaROThe terms "Eveready," "Prestone," "Pyrofax." and "Union Carbide" are trade mark, of Union Carbide Corporation.THE UNIVERSITY10 Learn more about the product*Union Carbide and it* "'"r*,n(.(.atomic energy. Visit the ¦"*'£,„,exhibit at 270 Park Avenue. *York, or write for booklet f '"The Exciting Univerxe of ""'Carbide:' Union Carbide Corp"rHon, 270 Park Avenue, New '"17, N. Y. In Canada, "»'°'Carbide Canada Limited, Toro"1 ¦UNIONCARBIDE...a handin things to com6OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETHEODDSARE AGAINSTITN THREE DECADES OF WORK WITH ORGANIZEDLABOR, |N 35 YEARS AS A BRETHREN MINISTER,AND 13 YEARS WITHIN THE WALLS°F THIS UNIVERSITY, PROFESSOR OFS°CIAL SCIENCES KERMIT EBY HAS DEVELOPEDS°ME STRONG IDEAS ON THE PRECEDENTSAND PRACTICES WHICH DETERMINE THECHARACTER OF A UNIVERSITY. HE HERERlTEs ABOUT THAT KEY FACTOR,GREAT TEACHING: President Beadle, in his inauguration address andseveral times since, called our attention to the conditions in the University of X which would make it theideal university. "With dedicated, able, and enthusiastic teachers, plus interested students of high intelligence,"he rightly insisted, "any system is likely to be successful.Without these qualities in teachers and students, theresults will be disappointing, however curricula arejuggled and arranged. Nor can there be other than hopethat such an ideal ratio of inspired teachers and intellectually and spiritually hungry students be achievedhere at the University of Chicago."Simply reading these words gives me a thrill. Too, Iwish with all my heart that these words would becomeflesh and that the University of Chicago would becomethe Mecca that it should be for men and women wholook on teaching as a calling, and whose primary dedication is to the lives with which they come in contact.Frankly, I am not at all optimistic that ^Presidenttices which determine theT^^rj^&e^niyersityare too deeply entrencnedi ."""""'For example, while lip service is given to teaching,the youngest and least sophisticated instructor knowsthat the rewards, both pecuniary and honorific, do notgo to teachers as such. No, indeed; the greatest teacherat the University, and the only one I know who wasspontaneously honored by his students with gift andhomage when he retired, was never recognized as distinguished when he served us here. Actually, his kudosand pay are greater since he has retired to a neighboring institution. Furthermore, more than one youngman I know who would really like to become a dedicated teacher has admitted to me that in order to getahead he must do research and publish. He must getinto print if he would be promoted, whether he hasanything to say or not.Necessity, I insist, does not necessarily produce creativity. The specialization which most of modern researchand degree-getting and report-writing demands, by itsvery nature atrophies the good teacher. For the goodteacher is one whose interests are broad enough that hecan introduce into his teaching infinite and varied relationships. Specialization, on the other hand, delimitsMA*CH, 1962 11the mental range of the teacher. A former student ofmine wrote recently, "Each year I am becoming agreater expert on taxation, and a poorer teacher." Thegood teacher must be conscious of relationships; andthe educated man is he who can see the consequencesof his acts (and non-acts) in the sum total of theirrelationships.In order to protect the equity in their exper^is^^de-partments increasingly frown upon anyone, professoror student, who, does Jiot jrrt th^f^st^icture. 'Trie expertsin the severaOepartments control the budgets and promotions in a university, so naturally ambitious youngmen seek their niches defined as economist or historianor political scientist. Those outside the ranks are naturallysecond-class citizens. I have lived and worked in boththe world of jjhe university and the world of oFher socialorganizations — labor, political,, etc.— and, fran^j^^tKeuniversity is in many ways the jmost ri^nFoTexarriple7the very atmoslDiTereT rerTects the qualities which are o^rmed!^expess'ed , "toward j^ who does not meeYIKegenerally accepteX'sta^da^s is cfe^stating, particu-larlvjgr the one who is not ru^ed^nou^ to. ignore Jt.**It is because this is so true that I am inclined to advisestudehts*wKo wish to write and who are "creative artistically to^et away' rYom ^ttie^^ri^ aslast as they cs^^sciences, produces more brick-layers than it does writers^So, I do noCbecause of my un3ers"tan3ihg^ture of the system, expect to see coming to the fore hereat the University of Chicago an army of great teachers.There just aren't enough persons strong enough to say,"I want to teach, to think, to write, to create — not count;to be, if you please, free and unshackled by system,either formal or simply understood."G, 'REAT teaching, it has always seemed to me, restson affirmation. The professor is by definition one whoprofesses, and his should be an integration of knowledgeand action and spirit. Sadly, the University, as nowconstituted, is an institution where immortality is soughtin research, where science has become the religion, andwhere men have become numbers. Dedication to teaching is not likely in such a world, for to the dedicatedteacher immortality is found in the life of another, in thepeople, if you please, who reflect the master's teaching;the dedicated teacher's religion puts the student, as achild of God, in the center of his universe.Stated as tersely as I know how, to the good teachermen are forever more significant than monuments, eventhough the monument is a footnote in the most learnedof treatises.My test for the above priority rests on a very simplemeasurement: the professor's use of himself, or, what isto him often more important, his time. Good teaching,it has always seemed to me, is dependent on a face-to-face relationship with one's students. All the great teachers, rabbis, and prophets of history— Confucius, Socrates,Testis, Buddha, Hillel— were in intimate contact withtheir students. And it was Confucius who said, justbefore his death, that if he had but one faithful pupil,he would not consider his life a failure.12 Now, such teaching is not possible when one covetstime for "more important things;" nor is it possible wit*1office hours limited to 1:30 to 3:00 on Fridays. No, indeed; the teacher who believes teaching important findsthat his most significant teaching is done when a relationship between teacher and pupil has developedwherein they know and respect — perhaps "love" wouldbe a better word— each other as human beings. For thisreason I forever argue that good teaching is impossiblewithout emotional involvement in both subject-matterand life. This involvement is what produces the excitement which changes lives. And, incidentally, it is thatwhich takes so much out of the good teacher that hevows at least once each quarter never to become emotionally involved again.There are great risks in such teaching, and the greatest of all is that of becoming known as a man instead ola symbol. You see, I am convinced that many of us makevirtue out of our insularity, because we prefer theshadow to the substance, the symbol to the man. Eachprofession has its trap for the unwary, and ours is seduction by our own image. You know it: learned, aloof,unapproachable, and a bit condescending toward students and less learned professors— the temptation, if youplease, to play god.The modern university is the contemporary substitute for the monastery. It is, in many cases, a womb;and to some a womb with a window. Having lived andsurvived outside of universities, and having enjoyedthirteen years inside of the University of Chicago, I amsometimes of the opinion that we who are afraid of therough and tumble of the world outside make a virtueout of our detachment and withdrawal.Inis troubles me, for I'm convinced that great teaching demands involvement not only in the lives of ourstudents but in life as a whole. Because of our time toread and think, ours, it seems to me, is the greater responsibility, to give leadership to our times.It was my opportunity to spend half a year in Japanwhile the mihtary were taking over in 1933, and tohave first-hand contacts with German refugees in them nv TnMi ln ^°th C°lmtries> esP^«y ^ Germany,many intellectuals who were later liquidated wereresponsible for the progress of history which was theirb7re2 ^^^ th°U§ht theX ™U avoid historyby removing themselves from it. From my bias, doingso indicated a moral weakness. This is why I foreverif s of siZ StUdenlS Aat the ™*t t-gie lies are thetom^A*116 FeSence of ™ih or, in otherof DaJSn^^ oth- hand, is my exampleSnifican 1™™ ** * the°loSian » °ne of the mostsignificant among young theologians because his Megave meaning to his words Because m&o J^'cent W^K ^ ™ *»<*es fcomesS Tnd L J0?7 ^^ The W0,'d Karticle recall fhe teachL ^ ^ rcadere °f *tare those r*rt> a j , who are remembered mostthose rare indwiduals who because of the excel-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEfence of their own lives compel us to examine ours.When I was with the Chicago Teachers Union itjvas iny priviieg0 to know hundreds of teachers, butmust confess that there were only a few whose livesJVere so heroic that they inspired their pupils toJeioism. One of them I recall, retired for almost"venty-five years now, was Mary Balcomb, Quakerand saint. Dedicated to peace and to her pupils, thisJj^sp of a woman kept open-house for her pupils..ney came to her apartment for comradeship and]nspiration. In a school not unknown for its disciplin-a^y problems, she walked without fear. In fact, herStudents disciplined themselves. They knew she caredI01' them as persons. Mary Balcomb was a greatteacher.. during the years I was a graduate student theSlgnificant memories I acquired were, almost withoutexception, from the office conversations I had with myProfessors. In fact, I still smile as I recall how H. F.MacNair insisted that he could make a scholar out ofme if I would get over wanting to "save the world."Actually, having studied at the University of Chi-|;ago, having taught at it, and having hired dozens ofs a"d other universities' products in between, I am^()r>vinced a university can give a student three things:(V a knowledge of sources— where to go to find out,^) experience in organizing and writing what is found°ut> and (3) contact with a few great souls who will^lare their lives with students. Blessed is the studentj^o takes with him all three; and cheated, indeed, is,le one whose heritage is simply knowledge and howt0 focus it.Let me introduce another illustration. While it was°t my good fortune to know Charles E. Merriam asman when I was a student at the University ofiicag0) it wa.s my privilege to spend more than onejoining with him when I was battling the Kelly-Nashachine as executive secretary of the Chicago Teacherson"'?1' In tI,csc convcrsatio»s with Merriam I drewthe insights he gained in the rough and tumble of. f'cago politics. To this day I can recall the twinklehis eye as he listened to me and counseled me in,- ra*egy> and alerted me to the pitfalls of reformersp Chicago. When I was a student I looked uponj roiessor Merriam as a learned man; as a practitioner,earned to respect him as a wise man.j Wisdom, I am convinced, comes not only from ana-^2lng life, but in experiencing it and savoring it, ast]e|J- This is why I am inclined to say to my studentslat there are no absolute answers to the importantti Loiions' such as "What really made John L. Lewisck?" A]j j knQw js tha(; j ,iaye founci niySClf more1ar> once walking from 718 Jackson Place in Wash-"gton to the Lafayette Hotel so that perchance ITnig»t ride up the elevator with him. And to this daylisten like a child to men full of years and experience;^d> I might confess, many of these are not professors^SOme of whom I find very learned and often at thearr»e time very dull.sr^°» I insist that what is taught should be taught byermit Eby, man, as well as Kermit Eby, professor.March 1962 IN ADDITION TO BEING A PROFESSOR OFSOCIAL SCIENCES, MR. EBY SPENT SIX YEARSON THE STAFF OF THE NATIONAL CIO. HISMOST RECENT BOOK IS PROTESTS OF AN EX-ORGANIZATION MAN.13And, having affirmed this, I add, s a former administrator, that men with clear images of themselves andintense convictions are not easily manageable. Theyare apt to have only one criterion for the measurementof their loyalties: their own plumb lines. Theirs is aloyalty not easily given to system. Being the kind ofmen they are — seeking their satisfaction in sharingtheir lives and thoughts with the similarly sensitive —they may go undiscovered for years in the world ofgossip and politics which surrounds them. It is becausethis is so, I am convinced, that so many potentiallygreat teachers are either undeveloped or lost altogether,being unwilling to push themselves and manipulatedepartment or foundation. They leave teaching or goto another school where they hope to find encouragement.Again on the basis of my experience as an administrator for eight thousand teachers, I am convinced thatthe greatest destroyer of potentially great teachers istheir feeling that no one knows or cares about them,and that 228 North La Salle (the Chicago Board ofEducation) is far, far away.N<I OW, the moral of this whole argument is obvious.If President Beadle and the University of Chicagoadministrators really want a university which recognizes great teaching, they must recognize that fact,and not simply through perfunctory awards to a fewprofessors for excellence in teaching. They must lettheir feelings be known by their encouragement ofgood teaching, by learning who is interested in hisstudents, who gives himself to them, who influencestheir lives. Furthermore — and this is mandatory — theclimate which does obeisance to scholarship both realand feigned must be changed, so that the individualwho has dedicated himself to teaching has equal recognition, in both reward and respect. Departmentheads play a significant ..role here^ when hirlngajmanhumanistic concerns as well as Jtrle^area of his rese^rcrLlnstiumo^University of Chicago, continue in spite of the over-organization to Be influenced by the choices of those inauthority who administer them. For example, it seemsto me that the business of the administrator is to knowhis constituency, and fight as he would for his very lifefor the right to know faculty and students as people. IfI were head of a university, I once told Mr. Hutchins,I would reserve one evening for open house and servesandwiches to students.No, there will be a revival of great teaching only ifboth the overt and covert acts of those who desire itreflect their desire. After all, if we are free at all, we arefree to make the choices which express our innermostconvictions. One of the choices I would make immedi-ately if I were ^dministTaHveTy resj^nsICT^^program is a jwo-track program, to providTfonf^r^who seek the Ph.D. for^ advancement in teaclrihgTatEeTp-Rasisisa joke/HEach year I lecture in twelnh^Xr^rthirty ' colleges and universities and meet there thegraduates from our schools and departments, and, be-14 lieve me, in most cases, particularly in small liberal &&and denominational colleges, they are teachers, v°researchers.Sometimes I feel very frustrated when I argue tt*this. What is necessary should be obvious to the *searcher in the most abstract of the sciences. Recent;searcner in tne most abstract of the sciences, n^y 'Carl Hall, professor of chemistry at Manchester Colteg ' 1 - ¦ - ¦- • /, , , . . i--roreltfjcierteachers. An honor Ph.D. from Ohio State, he nev- — **>0^dii nan, proressor or cnemistry at iviancnesiei v>v~-cmy alma mater, died quite suddenly, but not before ^received an award as one of America's great sciencteachers. An hnnm Vh Ti <Wv™ nv,;^. <Jtar<^ he neve\theless, because of his sectarian dedication, returnfeto Manchester. There, in his inadequate laboratory, pproduced literally hundreds of top graduate studenfor American universities. Back of each great schoiaand researcher, I am convinced, is a dedicated teac he •So if we on the graduate level want our paragonsresearch, we most certainly should continue to cultrvathe soil which brings them forth.RANKLY, I do not profess to be a scholar as suc>as I understand the proper definition of the term. 1 *,inclined to seek experience and then reflect upon it; *TI confess that I only write well about that whicnlearned through my senses from one to sixteen. Ne^theless, I also owe to Chicago the knowledge of \ 'how to assimilate ideas and (2) how to commur»<*them. The only ideas I can communicate are tl»owhich are so clear that I can express them in idiom »parable. In fact, I am convinced that no idea is so c°plex that it cannot be communicated if the teachelanguage and experiences are related to the langu^eand experiences of his students. Hence my insist,e"tjethat great teachers must be translators; and there is 1»virtue in creating a language which speaks only to *initiated. Likewise, I learned long ago as a pamphlet ethat I could only write clearly when I wrote that WWwas a part of me. . eSo, we will have great teaching when we recogn"^.teaching as an art, not a science. And the artist-teacntakes pride in his ability to use both spoken and wri"language to paint the pictures of his craft. sYes, I grant that ignorance is a vice; but so is dim"*The former betrays one's students; the latter «*»them. There is much more that could be said on tsubject of President Beadle's wish. I could, if I ^Jquote from many other articles of mine on this saW'including the one from which I stole these ideas, ftitled "The Fraud in Adult Education." Eduff!?0!need not be a fraud: we choose the way we would gIf we really would have the great university we enVJS» 'we must make it by the only way we can, by the choicwe make and the values we serve. , ySI am not optimistic. As one whose student dayparalleled the advent of Chancellor Hutchins, as °>whose public activities were never so involved vhe did not try to follow the Hutchins revolution in e°ofcation, and as one who came to the University tChicago as a Hutchins appointee, I see one signjfiSf. eJp52njdfidLisJta.be drawn in the T5n~| run jj£*L,Hutchins era: ingrained patterns of Ae '"SsBPjBtriumphed over the revolutionary innovationr^1^THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZlNfiLETTERS F rom the readersPublic WelfareJANUARY 1962Professor Breuls article, "Public Wel-lare: Safeguard or Free Ride?" in theJanuary '62 issue comes to grips withhe Newburgh Plan and gallantly assaults the logic and rationale for thatCltv s radical departure from orthodoxw.elfare plans. I read Professor Breul'sVle\vs with great respect for the authorand for the documentation he presents*fn assailing the Newburgh Plan. Pro-essor Breul lists the major sources of^satisfaction with public welfare pro-parns as: (1) the cost of the programsnd heavy tax burden; (2) the Publicamage of Aid to Dependent Children astorm of subsidy for immorality; (3)e tendency for welfare recipients toPerPetuate their dependent status.At one point in his article, the authorltes a Cook County study which de-^ibes ADC mothers as wanting to bei . sustaining ... she does not likeeing dependent . . . Well over half]aa^ to work but because of ill health,jck of marketable skills or adequatevay care for their children, are pre-ented from doing so. Many have hadofegitimate children, but not as a resultr* Promiscuity." Having cited thishi?0?? ^e aumor then proceeds to"M tne opposition by stating thatto 0ne really believes that those outwjllattack our social welfare programsj acoept such research findings."j^ wisri to inject another interpretation^re without making a judgment as toge Validity of these specific findings.]0 Perjence with adults who are patho-gically dependent indicates that thesesent °ften react with nostiIitv and re~are t toward those upon whom they^ most dependent. We might expecten> that those persons who dependPon governmental assistance are also£ovg *e most demanding of theircrivernment and *he most vociferous^tics when they don't get what theyarj11* ^reoiuently they are ambivalentprefUt tll6ir 0wn roles> so tnat while *eyrein greater independence they aresta,ctant to abandon their dependentthe ^nese persons can perpetuatem^ status quo through the develop-nt °f elaborate rationalizations— "IMA*CH, 1962 could have finished school if only . . .,""I would have gotten the promotion,but . . ."Naturally there is no blanket proposal which will be uniformly successful in treating dependent persons,anymore than there is a simple remedyfor any single emotional illness. However, it seems to me that simply continuing to treat an emotionally immatureadult like a child will not stronglyencourage that person to act grown up,but rather will serve to reinforce thatperson's image of himself as helpless,needy and dependent upon a protectivematernal society.Although I most certainly do not advocate a sweeping "sink or swim" approach to welfare, I do have greaterconfidence in the capacity of people toadapt themselves to circumstances and,under the proper conditions, to modifytheir attitudes and thinking so that themost satisfying behavior will be perpetuated while unrewarding efforts areeventually abandoned. If we can encourage through this selective processthe development of more adult, responsible, behavior and greater responsiveness to social demands, then ourpolicies will truly reflect respect for thecapacities and growth potential of ourcitizens. It would seem that welfarescreening should, as Professor Breulindicates, not be based on moral judgments; but need for public assistanceshould not be determined solely byeconomic factors. In this connection, itis difficult to understand why objectionsare raised to welfare recipients "working" as a condition for assistance. Thiscan be a very effective technique forconveying the concept of social obligation, and I suspect that most objectionsraised to this procedure have a politicalor ivory tower origin and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions ota majority of welfare recipients them-selves.I take particular exception to Professor Breul's closing comments: ". . . thepeople of the United States must bewilling to devote a sizeable portion otthe nation's income to those who areunable to contribute directly to its productivity ... No problems will besolved, however, by scuttling what wehave in the manner suggested by Newburgh until constructive alternativeshave been developed and accepted. I have heard social work defined as"the art of helping people to help themselves," and in my judgment, a publicdole does not encourage independence.The author has betrayed his bias, as Ibetray mine, when he divorces theNewburgh proposals from "constructivealternatives." Working a forty-hourweek for welfare allowances rather thanfor prevailing wages can be constructive, contrary to the author's interpretation of this practice as "harrassment andhumiliation." This very type of approach creates an atmosphere of challenging uncomfortableness which couldmotivate the able-bodied to seek a morerewarding type of employment andmay be one of the environmental conditions conductive to postive behavioralchanges. Those who are not able-bodied, of course, are a separate matterentirely and not subjects of this discussion.This is not intended as an endorsement for the Newburgh Plan or anyother. My analysis of the far-from-per-fect Newburgh proposals leads me tomany of the same criticisms offered byProfessor Breul and others. However,unlike Professor Breul, I think that Ican see constructive points in the program which would contribute, fromboth a psychological and social standpoint, to increased self-sufficiency, independence of thought and action, and a.more equitable sharing of the nation'salready staggering debt problems. Aneffective social program need not bematerialistic and overprotective andmight even defy Parkinsons Law (although overcoming gravity may havebeen easier). The concept of challenging uncomfortableness, as applied to thefield of public assistance, may serve toheighten the sense of reality and appreciation of reality demands in manyof our citizens and reduce, rather thanexacerbate, our social problems.Sincerely,A. F. Greenwald, PhD '59In his interesting letter concerningmy article Dr. Greenwald has been ableto find a new term for an idea that is asold as the poor law itself. His conceptof "challenging uncomfortableness" isapparently a modern version of "lesseligibility," or the workhouse test. Itimplies that recipients of public assistance can be self-supporting if only they15have sufficient motivation and that suchmotivation will result from experiencinghardship and deprivation.In order to advocate the deliberatecreation of an "atmosphere of challenging uncomfortableness" for those whoare employable, one would have to assume that they are economically dependent due to some fault of their ownand that if they could only modify theirattitudes they' could all find jobs, regardless of their education, skills, age,and race. I think that the article isclear as to why I cannot make suchassumptions. Even if there were jobsfor all, however, I would be unwillingto accept such a proposal. How could"uncomfortableness" be translated intouseful and equitable legislation or administrative regulations?I purposely did not elaborate onNewburgh's proposal that recipients berequired to work forty hours per weekfor their bare subsistence allowances, asI was under the impression that mostUniversity of Chicago graduates believein the principle of equal pay for equalwork and approve minimum wage lawsand the gains made by organized laborin enforcing adequate standards of payfor work performed.Sincerely,Frank R. Breul, Professor,School of Social ServiceAdministrationTo Be a DoctorDECEMBER 1961The article in the December magazine entitled "Greatest Challenge-to bea Doctor" stimulates me, since I am aChicago graduate (B.S. '38, M.D. '40),to attempt to pen an answer. Everythingstated in this article is, of course, quitetrue. However, there are several thingswhich the article does not state andwhich perhaps explain the source ofthe problem under discussion. In thelast sentence of the last paragraph forinstance, it was stated that— "today'sphysicians are practicing a professionthat has greater opportunities, challenges, and gratifications than ever before." However, the word "interferences" was left out of this sentence.We in California (where we are "progressive") are beset from all sides withinterference from insurance companies,private charitable organizations, andrepresentatives of welfare agencies ofcity, county, state and federal government, all clamoring to convince thepatient that they and they alone canprovide him good medical care. Perhaps not all states have as much troublein this regard as do we, however, there16 for entrance into medical school. ^that it is a great mistake, however,^assume, as he has done, that these ^ferences apply only to medicine. ^actuality, they are a reflection °^fundamental changes in our social oand affect all activities. It is ^j,understandable that physicians, mc ,ying Dr. Lambert, should react strongto the efforts of agencies of city, c0 ^should be no doubt as to the importance of these factors. It is very uncommon for a student to spend the timeand money necessary for a medical education and then not practice in medicine. It is likewise uncommon for apracticing physician to give up medicine and yet both of these things arehappening, in our area at least.We all know that it takes only thefinest of the available students to qualify for the "most honored profession."However, as the article indicates, students are turning to other fields, gradeaverages of the applicants are goingdown, and the numbers of applicantsare diminishing. Traditionally, the medical student is the son of a doctor. However, even this appears to be changing. -.. ^ ^ .,„„ ^v~r~Could it be that other doctors even as mosphere which, arising rrom u*^ v'u^I, have decided that their sons should ization needed for expanding p°P 'turn to some other pursuit because of tion, requires that he sacrifice srig ur. juamoert, snoiuu icv^ ~ ^iO the efforts of agencies of city, c0 ^state, and federal government m ^field of medicine, because vve &Gof us traditionally individualists sW^because of the very personal natU* u$tthe responsibilities which wecaaccept.The young person making a ^-^decision will find that there is no ^""- which he can escape the socia% from the org^degree of general control over iMthe interferences imposed by a socializing society. So you will know whereI stand, let me point out that I havefour sons, the youngest now ten yearsof age, and I have not encouraged orcontemplated a medical career for any is tne reward in this fteia, i* 11V/ - t'sof them. In a limited way, other doc- ject to external influence. Dr. Lam Dtors in this area have been queried and mistake, it seems to me, is in cont\eteities. Medicine offers the outstannUedopportunity, however, for conn ^individualism. Medical judgmentskill, the successful application ot ^is the reward in this field, is_not.jsing,hereiuis in mis area nave been queried and mistake, it seems to me, is in cu»* -it appears that I am far from alone in the disturbing changes in atmospu .this decision. I consider this a most with the gratification of professidreary state of affairs when those ofus who fought to get into medicine andwho have practiced during some ofyyx^ iicivc pracncea during some ot tne articie today s pnysician* <*—medicine's greatest achievements, choose ticing a profession that has grnot to attempt to perpetuate it through opportunities, challenges, and gratour sons. i-i™-!* *l™^ ~ u~f^~" ™^ms to 10 p Tnftheaccomplishment. The rigio trutn oi ^last sentence of the last paragrap^the article "today's physicians are pour sons.I can't help but wonder if this iswhat the socializers and do-goodersreally want. I wonder if they are awareof the deleterious effect that theirefforts are having on medicine. I wonder if the patient as a representativeof the general public wants a medicalprofession that is not quite as goodas it used to be. In any event, if weare going to discuss the factors whichare causing the brighter students toturn to other fields, we should discussall of the factors and not try to fooleither ourselves or the students whomwe want to attract to medicine.Yours truly,R. G. Lambert, '38, MD'40The editor of the Magazine hasasked another MD to comment on Dr.Lambert's letter:It has been a privilege to read Dr.Lambert's stimulating and provocativecomments on the December article entitled "Greatest Challenge-to be aDoctor." I am sure that we in medicineare all becoming more and more awareand disturbed by the "interferences"which he considers to be a major negative factor among potential applicants to me totions than ever before" seemsbe quite clear. .QI regret Dr. Lambert's ^onthe pressure of non-medical mnuon medicine, which has led him to •that we should "not try to fool eit^ourselves or the students whomwant to attract to medicine." I a& «twith the sentiment, but do not conS1^calapropos to the activities of our rae.^sschools in letting prospective stud ^know what is available in medicmorder to compete with other rap^ly developing and attractive care ^My own son has chosen the ue tengineering and is a graduate stu ^in mathematics at M.I.T. He ^.^this decision because of the VoS ^etattraction to him of his choice, ra^than any negative factors re'atenjngmedicine, and it does not have mea ^in regard to medicine in the senseDr. Lambert's letter. t0I would like to urge Dr. Lambert^remember that medicine is a sue ^and will continue to be so, that wefacing suffer competition due to ^growth of other sciences, and that"interferences" apply to all.Sincerely yours, .Ormand C. Julia",MD'37, PhD'42THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZl^U.S. BUSINESSOUTLOOK 1962CONSUMER SPENDING, SAVINGS & HOUSINGby Irving SchweigerAssociate professor of Marketingof1,962 ^oks to me like a year of prosperity but onein !r,t6d eco»omie growth' and with little exuberanceth. econ°mv. I think that much of the gain overe average 1961 GNP has already taken place. MyWin? ate of GNF i" 1962 is $556 billion comparedandVJ537 billion rate in the fourth quarter of 1961side u?0 bi,lion fw all of 1961. There should be con-^bie unused industrial capacity throughout 1962.. y do I see so ]jtt]0 growth?"i>ain§eneral answer is that there do not appear to begrow lndustrit's or sectors where effective demand willcl0 T s*ro»glv, except for the government sector. NorPolio, nk that indirect factors, such as monetarythe ?' W,'U add a further strong stimulating effect onj economy this year.casterm less "Ptimistic about 1962 than most fore-auto,:8 /^My because I am less optimistic about theW°bl1e 'ndustry. The difference is sufficiently large,a4i^ With its repercussions on otlier industries, toforeca S;gnificantlv the economic tone of 1962. Mostt(> 1 SrZ. a Very substantial rise in sales of 900,000gfeat!?'000 "nits to make 1962 the first or secondare ,! SaIes yt'ar in history. I think such predictions°f ove I?timistic> Possiblv continuing a long seriesConI°?tlmistic estimates by the industry. io n"Sard; °" ^nree currenr suuhjc.-> <" ¦¦ --_tfle Un g COns"mer buying plans indicate nothing lik* SalPc Se in b"ying intentions which I would expec'*' ;nd,VWere to "'«* to a 7 million rate or higher. Wha1Ce'tated >'s a moderate increase in buying interest.of seated • • tK :n" "moc% a( S"Plers do not appCar to be that interested m"W 1S time- Three current sources of information^ rcW "" • • 's indicate nothing likewhich I would expect" lndicatP i" •"' "sc to a " "c0t)cent Is a moderate increase ¦¦¦ »«7"'fi -°f$loSed mainIv among consumers with incomesO^e ° °r morc- 'r ,V^1 eas% exaggerate the modesty of the\i V relyjng on the actual rate of automobileW " the r>.'n;f f„,„ ,filt Voi.rth ouarter saleses in il ^V'ng on the actual raie <>. «>- ~V aff the Past few months. Fourth quarter salesS^erreCted V the tenclencv of high income con-Nurdf Wel1 as the growing bodv of fleet ownersA n ie,ncw cars «'arlv in the model year.Thtoulro1bIe'n for the automobile industry is twofold.^.r 1958, the ,.ffr.v+iv,. mires of new cars rose"Wv, ,' m tor the auton,w.,..v --,>e r l958> the effective prices of new cars roseAs a ^Percentage terms than did consumer incomes.Se5 inning in 1957, the middle and lower5eginr,if °"ps beSan to fade from the new car market.Vd f"g ln 1958, even high income consumers re-° PurCne(l.Ue,lcy of buying new cars and shifted more>strv?ng "sed ™*- '" *p Iast threc yCarS' TmS ain Is, revis^ 'ts product mix and has madeP*«ve t2ab,e at Prices which are somewhat lowerNder 1t'°,1snni<,r incomes than in the middle 1950s.f°date t°kT ()f ta,s l«as also been made available.' tn« low and middle income consumer groups have not indicated intentions to reenter the new carmarket in the numbers of former years. Even the$10,000 and over income group has indicated only amodest revival in frequency of buying plans.A second type of problem facing the industry is thestrong possibility that the structure of demand for newears has altered. There is evidence of a weakening mthe power of U.S. cars to provide prestige and status.This factor had been of importance in inducing manyAmericans to buy the newest cars at fairly frequentintervals. ,Taking all of these factors into account as weJl as onecan 'mv estimate is that there will be about 6,350,000new car sales of all types in 1962 in the domestic market This estimate implies an increase of 500,000 unitsor 8.5 per cent over the 5,850,000 units registered inI believe the odds are strongly against the 7 millionrate of purchase forecast by many in the industry.If the automobile industry is overestimating its market substantially as I believe, it is producing at ahigher rate than can be sustained. I predict that sharpSacks in production will take place before SpringThis action will have repercussions throughout theC°ProIcers of steel, glass, rubber and many otherJo Is wffl be faced with a considerable direct reduc-slK,K,ing for plan, and e— MdU. affec^coaster once again with the /ate ot s ra gin the vear and declining thereafter. This is ™U of clemand but f^%^^ &££!effect of a rising level of *«' b_is not time to develop it now think th atstantial recovery in rate ^^^^^.^wffl be slightly fewer in "«"*« ^ 196LDisposable personal ™corne dimdd Wal *» J^billion in 1962 for a gain of 6.5 per cenwill demonstrate their readiness to raise gards, probably increasing consm^n byM p ,with the largest gams in the dm a £ ^ ^Nondurable goods, such as ^,n& although theof their best advances m e cenO^ ^gain for the group will be i jot ^ / shdnk very! Yf 1 ^rot^ce'n go dSosalle income in 1961slightly from 7.0 p u ^ent °rer tota] personal savingto 6.9 per cent in 962. Howev ^ * than inof $26.8 billion will ^^\^ue m very large1961. Saving n liquid f o m v^l co ^.^volume stimulated by t he .nc ^ q{ { {din 1962. 1 anticipate substantial sums171962saving with considerable gain in the share of banksavings and reduction in shares of savings bonds, savings and loan associations, credit unions, and mutualfunds.In summary, 1962 will be a prosperous year withconsumer incomes and Gross National Product at arecord high. Expansion will be substantial but notspectacular. Most industries will do well, with durablegoods industries doing better than average. Businessprofits will be large in absolute amount but not highrelative to invested capital. The economy will operateat considerably less than full capacity.BUSINESS SPENDING & GOVERNMENT POLICIESby Walter D. FacklerAssociate professor of Business Economics. . 1962 promises to be a year of very substantial economic expansion on a broad front. . . We are in astrong economic upswing that started last year withthe recovery from the February trough, and barringunforeseen catastrophe or gross mismanagement ofour national monetary and fiscal affairs, the upswingshould continue well into 1963, at least. This is notto say that there is nothing to be pessimistic about. Wecan always dredge up plenty of "iffy" and ominouspossibilities. But the probabilities are strongly on thebouyant side, and so is history. Even the very short,abortive recovery from the 1958 recession lasted for26 months.In broad outline 1962 shapes up as follows:1 ) A Gross National Product of $566 billion, up about8.5% over 1961. Allowing for some price increases,especially in the governmental sector, this wouldmean a GNP of about $562 billion in 1961 dollars,or an increase of about 8% in real terms. Nowthis prospective expansion is nothing to sniff at.Except in periods of wartime, we have never hadmuch more than an 8% real annual increase inprevious recovery phases of the business cycle.And since the 1960-61 recession was very mild,an 8% increase in 1962 would reflect a very commendable economic performance. These factsalone, apart from possible disappointments inparticular sectors of the economy, should beenough to haul down any wild flights into the"wild blue yonder."2) The GNP should break down something like this(give or take a little here and there):Consumer expenditures $364 billionGross Private Investment 82 billionGovernment Expenditures forGoods and Services 118 billionNet Exports 2 billionWhat is implied in these prognostications? My assignment is to concentrate primarily on investment andgovernment spending. Private investment of $82 billion will establish a new high about 17% above 1961and about $10 billion above the previous record in1959. The $80 billion line will be crossed for the firsttime. New construction will account for approximately$45 billion; purchases of producers' durables almost$30 billion, and inventory another $7 billion. Thesefigures are wholly reasonable on the basis of currentdevelopments and previous patterns. They are based18 on the assumption that nonfarm, residential con strtion will hold steady at approximately the 4th qu*r1961 rate or a little higher— above $23 billion. ^residential private construction will increase very *?.erately by about $1 billion to about $22 billion. Vness expenditures on tools and equipment wij\iiionfrom around $26 billion last year to over $29 bithis year. Inventory behavior is always treache ^ground for the business analyst. My assumpti°*L.that inventory building will proceed very brisklying the first half of the year, partly because otrising sales and partly in anticipation of a P0!?^.steel strike— and despite jawboning by various ^K^tial officials in the Executive branch of the Fed ^Government. Inventory building should be loWe. u$the second half. For the sake of the arithmetic, ^. j,say that inventory accumulation for the first hairrun at annual rates at nearly $10 billion in thehalf and about $5 billion in the second half. ^In the area of government expenditures the situa ^is quite clear. Spending will rise— at all 'eve**government. Direct expenditures on goods and seX. eiby Federal, State, and Local governments w^L awill move up to at least $118 billion. This wlll/\te.9% increase over 1961, and is a conservative esttf*If a Federal pay raise is enacted or defense speflis stepped up faster than current Administration Vnouncements indicate, the total government cont ^tion to, and absorption of, gross national outputbe even higher. ^Federal purchases of goods and services (notFederal spending which includes various transfer Vments, government interest, grants-in-aid and ^financial transactions) will run about $63 billj?0 ^the calendar year. Approximately $53-54 biljon flthis will go for national defense. The balance ot *billion will go for other expanding feceral Vr0& fyState and local spending will continue its s ^onward and upward march. These outlays ma? veexpected to reach at least $55 billion— $3 billion wthe 1961 level— and may well go higher as i*1*11? utn,public construction projects get underway, tngovernmental spending added to rising PrivatV?hrtfstment spending will provide considerable forward tnto the economy. _. ^Whether the Federal budget will be balancedfiscal 1963 depends on whether the forward mon?e grStof the economy continues in strength through thehalf of 1963, whether profits and personal ^c0XtlJd,high enough to generate sufficient tax receipts, ^eof course, what revenue measures emerge iroril ^e\\Congress. Corporate profits in 1962 should runabove the $50 billion mark, though as the ^V^eXprogresses, rising costs (from rising wages and slT? ^Jcincremental gains in productivity) will tend t0 .S t^tprofit margins in the second half. My hunch *s ^j,the Federal government will not balance itsbudget in fiscal 1963, though there will likely be saccounting surplus in income and product aC^entSThere is a natural political tendency for governnLneto overestimate revenues and underestimate the vol ^of expenditures in order to present a "balanced"least unbalanced" budget for public relations purp ^CONCLUDED OH ?*&THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MA GAZI^NEWS OF the quadrangles|TMOSPHERIC RESEARCH-A-year research program for the•&. to meet the scientific challengesman's atmospheric environment,tioS ?ntlined in January. This na-L^? scientific program, explainedfie erre Petterssen, chairman of theat Sfrtment of Geophysical SciencesHo f University, would cost $5 bil-th' V °r t'le next decade> witri two"de^' °f the expenditure beingsignated for rocket and satelliteMnmentS-f0 r* Petterssen directed a planningatme °f nearly 200 specialists in thetry ^Pkeric sciences from this coun-the T* abroad> who contributed toPared y' The Plan' which was pre"Nat Under the auspices of theWTp Academy of Sciences— Na-^ati earch Council> is reportedhas i Volume' 225-page study, andB. vv^^ been conveyed to JeromeAssist 6Sner' the President's Specialj tant for Science and Technology.^en pl*?cisely detailed equations of*all dollars, it sets forth researchrangenrges for *e next decade whichto a rom Ae surface of the earththe ^ atmospheres of the sun andboth nets* A trebling of effort inc*iiecu en and dollars by 1971 isa^ *°r- Mr. Petterssen says, "Thea sta eric sciences have reachednifiCage of development where sig-^w advances are very likely toc0nti trorn a stepped up effort." Heof tL u ed> "An adequate description*Ufic atmosphere by physically sig-ira nil rneasurements is almost with-Mr grasP•,,his r!' ^etterssen, who is known forpUtatf atical f°rmiilae and corn-tot w al techniques which have>i eather fnr^r^ctinfT nn a more!nt'fi ^er ^recasting on a more^d d. basis> noted that the rocketscie™s f , old> iiurea rnar uic i^^1*heuatellite research would probeof s PPer atmosphere and the fringe°*1 t)r Where Physical and chemi-by s'?Cesses are influenced directly0ther activity and cosmic rays.studies will be made of theMai*h, 1962 lower atmosphere, motions, andweather systems. As a result otthese investigations, Mr. Petterssensaid "Today one can be justifiablyhopeful about the prospects torplacing weather forecasting on afirmer scientific basis, whereas suchhopes even two decades ago wouldhave been little more than an act°fThe Department of GeophysicalSciences at the University, which Mr.Petterssen heads, brings together thestudy of the earth, the oceans theatmosphere, the sun, and interplanetary space in a single scientific endeavor giving the atmospheric sci-ences much the same breadth otexposure to related disciplines advocated in the new 10-year plan.CARLETON'S LOSS— Universitybasketball fans had a special interestin the game played at the FieldhouseFebruary 3: Carleton was comingdown from Northfield, Minnesota tonlav Chicago.It would be the first encounter ofthe two teams since UC director otathletics Walter Hass left Carleton toome to Chicago in 1956. In 1958 as-istant basketball coach Jon WhiteySolson, a graduate* Carletonwhere he played basketball and baseball joined Hass here. And the sameve«; Chester McGraw after serving^s Carleton's assistant football coach,Jwhnming coach and intramural director came to Chicago to be ourreflected on the courts this nigh*Naturally- The score was 68-56-again Carleton's loss.WTLL IT HURT?-Should the den-hurt?" The answer is yes, u*%Xt* one of te g-g-J:^rJ= ol *e =; programs in the Zoller MemorialDental Clinic. The Clinic has justcompleted 25 years of dental service,postgraduate teaching and research.Among the practical contributionsof the Clinic: a long-term flourida-tion study begun in 1946, involvingmore than 26,000 dental examinations of Evanston school children.Findings show that drinking flouri-dated water from early childhoodcan reduce tooth decay by 65 to 70per cent.Other contributions: introductionof general anesthesia in the hospitaloperating room for cerebral palsypatients with severe muscle spasmsthat make ordinary dental care toodifficult; for patients delicate mouthtissues, a denture with a cushioningbase of silicone rubber; for pregnantwomen (who are particularly subjectto inflamation of the gums) a studyof the effect on mouth tissues of thehormone changes during pregnancy.ADOLESCENTS— "So badly do weneglect the adolescent, that ourlanguage does not even have a termto appropriately name him. Adolescent' means somebody who isneither here, nor there, somebodywho is growing into something, whois no longer a child, though not yetan adult," according to Bruno Bettelheim, principal of the University sSonia Shankman Orthogenic School.Mr. Bettelheim continues, Despitethe tremendous importance of thisage group, it is hardly studied, andhence less understood than any otherage group." .Mr. Bettelheim hopes to helpremedy this situation through a newprogram he outlined this Decemberfor the study of emotionally disturbed adolescents at the OrthogenicSchool. He says, "We became evenmore convinced of the need to expand our work, to include adolescents, as we guided a few, whohad come to us as very sick children, through their adolescence. Welearned how much can be done forthe troubled adolescent, and also had19to realize how little is being doi>«for him. We became convinced th*certain of the methods we developed'would benefit many thousands °adolescents who now, figurative))'are going to the dogs, because th^,is no other place for them to g°;Approximately ten teenagers 'need of intensive treatment for ern°tional disturbances will be studieat the School with a goal of estah'lishing the therapeutic principles n"'derlying the rehabilitation of d'sturbed adolescents so that the studywill be of help to others similar')'afflicted.DEAN— Warner A. Wick has bee»appointed dean of students. A p'°fessor of philosophy, he has beeassociate dean of the College for th*past two and one-half years. He V>continue to hold that office.He succeeds John P. Nethertonwho announced December 5, his )ntention to resign as dean of students.but remained until the position Wfilled. Mr. Netherton is returning t0full-time faculty status.Mr. Wick, who has been a mefflbefof the faculty since 1946, is theauthor of Metaphysics and the N^Logic ( 1942) and recently of a nun1'ber of articles in scholarly journa^'He was awarded a prize for exce'lence in undergraduate teaching '1949.Born in Youngstown, Ohio, he re'ceived bachelor of arts degrees ixov>Williams College (1932) and OxfordUniversity (1934) and the degre"of doctor of philosophy from tl1University of Chicago (1941).ECONOMICS TEACHERS VlE^,ECONOMY-Almost 75 per cent °[U.S. undergraduate economics teacherthink the federal government shou'play a greater role in the nationeconomy.The teachers list education, full &?'ployment, economic growth, pu".health, and urban problems as areas J*lwhich the federal government showincrease its activity. Only one teachein six thinks the federal governine"should decrease participation in the n"tion's economy.These findings, announced by t"National Opinion Research Center-''non-profit center for social research"affiliated with the University— are p*£of a survey of college economics tea0/ers at 113 U.S. schools directed WAnn F. Brunswick and Paul B. Sheatsle/'Most of die 16 per cent who fav°THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZlN#'educed federal economic activity called*°r less federal intervention in agricul-fore and less federal regulation of industry. Less than two per cent of theteachers said the federal governmentshould decrease its aid to education,and an even smaller percentage suggested decreases in public health, employment and growth, and urban areaPrograms.NORC found that 69 per cent of theteachers voted for Kennedy in the 1960Presidential election, 17 per cent forNixon, 13 per cent didn't vote, and onePer cent voted for another candidate.In 1956, 64 per cent voted for Stevenson, 22 per cent voted for Eisenhower,and 14 per cent didn't vote. However,only 50 per cent said they preferredthe Democratic Party. Some 10 percent reported a Republican preference,while most of the remaining 40 perCent said they were "independent.The co-directors of the study report">at 51 per cent of the economics instructors think both "labor's viewpoint"and "industry's viewpoint" receive ther'ght amount of emphasis in collegeeconomics curricula. Some 25 per cent[eel there is too little emphasis onlabor's viewpoint, while approximately16 per cent think that industry's point°f view deserves more emphasis.Over half of the teachers said thatadditions should be made to collegeeconomics curricula. They suggestedthat greater attention be paid to economic growth and development, international economics, price theory and^location of resources, and money and"inking — public finance and fiscalPolicy.The teachers reported a median income of $9,000 per year, but only 30Per cent said teaching salary was theirsole source of income. The odier 70Per cent said diey earned money serving as industrial consultants, or inother part- time or summer employment.SMITH AWARD-The American Association for the Advancement of Sciencethis December presented the TheobaldSmith Award for promising work by ayoung medical scientist to Samuel B.Weiss, 35, University of Chicago biochemist.The Theobald Smith Award, carryinga $1,000 prize, is given annually at theAAAS convention, for "demonstratedresearch in the field of medical sciences,taking into consideration independence°i thought and originality."Dr. Weiss is the 17th recipient ofthe award and die second University ofChicago investigator to be honoredWth the prize. He is associate professor of biochemistry at the University andresearch associate at the Argonne Cancer Research Hospital, which the University operates on campus for the U.S.Atomic Energy Commission. His workis also supported by the Joseph andHelen Regenstein Foundation of Chicago.He is studying the chain of commandwithin the cell: how orders are relayedfrom deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),the genetic material in the nucleus, toother parts of the living cell where basicbiological processes take place.During 1961, Dr. Weiss spoke beforethe National Academy of Sciences inWashington, the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biologyin Atlantic City, and the Fifth International Congress on Biochemistry inMoscow, on the progress of his experiments. In these accounts, he reportedthat he and his colleagues had 1) developed a new method of synthesizingthe genetic messenger material, ribonucleic acid (RNA); and 2) demonstrated that DNA is essential to theproduction of messenger RNA. Cellheadquarters" can send instructionsonly through a "messenger" of its ownmaking. RNA assumes its characterand mission from DNA: remove DNAand the production of RNA messengersceases; change the DNA and the typeof RNA shifts to accommodate diecommander."The tremendous current interest inbiochemical genetics has led to majordevelopments in many laboratories,"the AAAS announcement of the awardsaid. "The contributions of Dr. Weissin regard to RNA biosynthesis areamong the most outstanding in diisfield."The Theobald Smith Award was established in 1936 by Eli Lilly andCompany. It was named in honor ofthe developer of methods to producesmallpox vaccine and diphtheria andtetanus antitoxin. The award has recognized such promising talent as AlbertSabin, who won it in 1939, two decadesbefore his oral polio vaccine gave himinternational recognition. In 1957, theaward went to Dr. Paul Talalay, nowthe American Cancer Society-CharlesHayden Foundation Research professorof biochemistry in the Ben May Laboratory for Cancer Research of theUniversity.Long before the public recognitionDr. Weiss received in Denver, his fellow scientists at the University of Chicago, in an informal way, paid him anunusual tribute. Perceiving the significance of his research, they asked thathe be provided with more ample laboratory space— a request he had been toomodest to make himself. Larger quarterswere immediately allocated to him.March, 1962Why a successful man gave up a career22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZlN^in industry to start one in life insuranceNorman Wallack had good reasons.Here's the first-hand account he gave us after his articlehad appeared in the Harvard Business School Bulletin —" After graduation from Harvard BusinessSchool, I did well during the next nine years in twodifferent areas of business. First, as merchandiseManager for a large Midwest manufacturer. Next,as developer and owner of a camping-equipment^mpany. But after five years of having my owncompany, I sold out at a substantial profit. SixMonths later I had decided to sell life insurance for^ew England Life."I had plenty of confidence by this time in mybusiness ability. Now I wanted to find an area^here it would pay off on its own and require littlereliance on others. I wanted a field that offered increasing income as I grew older without suddenlydropping off when I reached 65 . . . that held fewer of the frustrations encountered in industry . . . thatcould put to best use my training at the School,experience and capabilities."Life insurance seemed to come closest to this ideal.So J picked out the company with one of the finestreputations and cost pictures in the industry andsought out one of the most outstanding trainingagencies in the business."It adds up to this: I'm in this business becauseI like it. Because I chose it after trying other typesof work. Because it offers all kinds of opportunitiesfor developing special insurance programs for companies and individuals. It's the unusual combination of freedom and variety that appeals to me.Perhaps it will appeal to you/''f you'd like a reprint of the 5-page articlebV Norman Wallack, "I Sell Insurance — AndUke It!" just send along the coupon. We'll also^ail you our free booklet, "Are you cut out fora career in LIFE UNDERWRITING?" which describes the opportunities with New England^ife forthose men who meet our requirements.NEW ENGLAND LIFENeW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY: FOUNDER OF MUTUALLife insurance in America in 1835. individual and group life'NSURANCE. ANNUITIES AND PENSIONS GROUP HEALTH COVERAGES. Vice President John Barker, Jr.501 Boylston StreetBoston 17, Mass.Please send me a reprint of Norman Wallack's"I Sell Insurance — And Like It!" and your freebooklet, "Are you cut out for a career in LIFEUNDERWRITING?"Name.Street .L-City . . Zone . . State .These Chicago University men are New England Life representatives:6EORGE MARSEIOS, '34, Chicago JOHN R" ™™, ^f ' '*\ ™"*°ROBERT P. SAAIBACH, '39, M. HERBERT W" S'EGAL' "' **" *"""""Ask one of these competent men to tell yoo about the advantages of insuring in the New England life.March, 1962 23-~4$GUndivided ResponsibilityHere the conception of an ideacarried to its final printed formis made possible by each stepbeing performed under our own roof.Departments encompass art anddesign, photography, process color,plate making, single and multicolorpresswork, binding and shipping.Thus, the integrated operation ofthis organization backed with arecord of 30 years' reliability onmajor projects makes possible ourservice of undivided responsibilityPhotopress| INCORPORATEDixazflCongress Expressway at Gardner RoadBROADVIEW, ILL COIumbus 1-1420T. A. RBWQUBT CO SidewalksFactory FloorsMachineFoundationsConcrete BreakingHOrmal 7-0433We operate our own dry cleaning plant1309 East 57th St. 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.Ml dway 3-0602 NO rmal 7-98581553 E. Hyde Park Blvd. FAirfax 4-57591442 E. 57th Midway 3-0607GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica - Bolex - Rolleiflex - Polaroid1342 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259NSA Discounts24-hour Kodachrome DevelopingHO Trains and Model Supplies HELEN MANVILLE PIERCE, '07, ofSan Bernardino, Calif., is now 78, and stillenjoys oil painting and outdoor sketching.ERWIN P. ZEISLER, '07, writes that the'07 graduates are still busy people, even55 years after graduation. He mentionsHARRY JACKSON, '07, MD'07, and ALFRED STRAUSS, '07, MD'08, both stillpracticing medicine in Chicago, and addsthat he himself is starting a program ofanimal research with serum obtained frompatients with collagen disease. Dr. Zeisleris retired senior dermatologist at MichaelReese Hospital in Chicago.LOUIS S. BERLIN, '08, has retired fromthe printing profession in Chicago andmoved to 9100 W. Bay Harbor Drive,Miami Beach 54, Fla.WALTER S. POND, '08, is an honorarycanon of St. James Episcopal Cathedral inChicago. He is rector emeritus of St.Barnabas Episcopal Church in Chicago,and was at one time dean of the ChicagoEpiscopal diocese's SS. Peter and PaulCathedral, no longer in existence.WILLIAM C. SPEIDEL, MD'08, physician in Seattle, Wash., has retired after53 years of active medical practice. In arecent Seattle Post-Intelligencer article onhis retirement, Dr. Speidel reminiscedabout his first medical fee, which camefrom an impoverished artist whose babythe doctor had delivered: the paymentwas "two $1 bills and two canaries in aslightly battered cage."SIDNEY A. TELLER, '09, of Chicago,recently has been made the first "honorary member for life" of the Senior CitizensSocial Club of Pittsburgh, Pa. Mr. Tellerhas established trustee accounts for thefollowing funds in the Chicago area: Sidney and Julia Teller Cancer ResearchFund at Michael Reese Hospital, Sidneyand Julia Teller Lecture Fund at the Uof C, Teller Library Fund for the Federation of Settlements, Teller LibraryFund for Henry Booth House, Sidney andJulia Teller Brass and Copper Collection Fund for the Illinois Institute of Tecnology, and the Teller Fund forDiabetic Institute of America. He a/^/V /Tk/Tk recently gave the third Julia Pines }e(Y7-AA Grant to the Allegheny County Scholar\S § <S/#V ship Assn> to assjst in the schoolingphysically handicapped students.WALTER H. THEOBALD, '09, Mp'^president of the Chicago Medical Ceri^eCommission and emeritus professor atUniversity of Illinois, was awardedGeorge Howell Coleman medal recent 7by the Institute of Medicine of Cnl(:agt0The institute awards the medal annuallya scientist who has made outstanding c°tributions to the welfare of the comnuini y-JOHN G. SINCLAIR, '11, of Galveston,Texas, will retire in September, 1962,emeritus status, ending 33 years as pr^fessor of microanatomy at the medlCbranch, University of Texas. He will co ^tinue research on the neuroembryologythe Cetacea.GEORGE T. COLMAN, PhD' 14, now ofGreeley, Colo., is retired after 25 year*in the U.S. Foreign Service. In the autufljof 1961, he and his wife traveled to SourAmerica and visited Belem, Brazil, wnethey had formerly lived for ten years.JAMES E. M. THOMSON, MD'15, orthopedic surgeon now of Rancho SanteCalif., is listed in Who's Who in AmericaROBERT R. PRESNELL, '16, is livin^Van Nuys, Calif., and still writing t0television and movies.CLARENCE F. JONES, '18, PhD'23, retired in June, 1961, as chairman oldepartment of geography at Northwester^University, Evanston, 111., acc0T^in%x,r)STEPHEN S. VISHER, '09, SM'10, FW'14, geography professor at Indiana University, Bloomington. Mr. Jones is editof the Lippincott series of geography tex sand former president of the Associateof American Geographers.MADELEINE COHN SILVER, '20, andher husband, Ben, toured the Medite^ranean, Africa and Europe during the surn-mer of 1961, and are now spending rilwinter in their winter home in Hollywoo ^Fla. Mrs. Silver is vice president or tBrandeis University women's group lHollywood.24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINENEWS OF the alumni*WN M< TINKER, '20, director of Du^T s Jackson Laboratory, Deepwater,year XeXixed °n February *¦> after a 43~been °iareer in chemistry. Mr. Tinker hasof ndlr€ct°r of Jackson Laboratory, onestart H £°nt'S largest> for 20 years' Hep0 ,7, ,his w°rk in chemistry with New-Jack hemical Co., in 1919, and joinedW. Laboratory in 1934. Mr. TinkerlVes m Wilmington, Del.NewRSLL L' FENTON, '21, PhD'26, off0r\^unswick, N.Y., had four booksiu i^Ten published by John Day Co.,sPec' 1 ' Mr* Fenton is an autnor who0n lallzes in writing non-technical booksma?atural science for juvenile and adultsotL?^IN MAXWELL, PhD'21, profes-vers> nSlish emeritus of the State Uni-wJy°f Iowa, has been honored recentlylish f 1- PUDlication of a volume of Eng-tain" S in his honor. The volume con-of^ng essays by 28 scholars in the fieldfop?ra7ma> is a special issue of the Philo-c?1 Quarterly, a journal of literaryales which Mr. Maxwell edited from°gicals*udjcial8 *? 1955' Mr> Maxwell> whose sPe"Iow^VS Shakespearean drama joined thetus S culty in 1926 and retired to emeri-. status in 1961. He was assistant pro-and1" 9t the U of C from 1923 t0 1926,a summer visiting professor in 1932.C?.WlN J- BLONDER, '22, MD'24,Artha§° Pnysician> writes that his son,at ivnr S* Blonder is currently interningflings Hospital, on the U of C campus.,48°^CE C' BROOK> '22> AM'25' PhD^ > director of the Chicago Board ofNation bureau of research and statistics,,s recently appointed to a three-manter^S°ry committee to the State Superin-m||aent of Public Instruction. The com-of tee will assist in judging the adequacy1 annual school district audits which areeing inaugurated in 1961-62.^LENA M. GAMER, '22, PhD'32, pro-j^Ss°r in the Department of Germanicanguages and Literature at the U of C,Pent the summer of 1961 abroad, seeingjoe Orient and working in Europeanbraries. Among the high spots: an in-^ation to attend the International Sym-P?siUm Qn Endocrinology in June, and aslsit to the Eastern Zone of Germany inePtember where she was a guest of the University of Jana. In the Eastern Zone,Miss Gamer saw the Schiller and Goethecountry, and worked on medieval manuscripts in the Luther city, Erfurt, and inthe castle of Gotha.WILBUR HATCH, '22, has resided inCalifornia since 1923, so classifies himselfas a "native Californian." He is musicaldirector with CBS television in Los Angeles, and he and his family live in NorthHollywood, Calif.FRED W. KRANZ, PhD'22, has beennamed vice president of Otarion Electronics, Inc., of Ossining, N.Y., and director of the company's new research division. Mr. Kranz was formerly a vicepresident with Sonotone Corp. He holdsa number of patents in the field otacoustics and his early studies contributedto the development of bone conductionhearing aids. The new research divisionhe will head will undertake developmentof smaller, more powerful and less conspicuous hearing aids, and other relatedhearing equipment.2J.-27ARTHUR C. CODY, '24, has been appointed executive vice president of theAmerican Institute of Real Estate Appraisers. He has been executive secretaryof the Institute since 1944. The organization is an affiliate of the National Association of Real Estate Boards and has 2300members, with headquarters in Chicago.Mr. Cody and his wife, MARGARETMONILAW, '24, live in Winnetka, 111.FREDERICK L. SCHUMAN, '24, PhD'27,Woodrow Wilson Professor of Governmentat Williams College, Williams town, Masshas had the following books publishedrecently: Russia Since 1917 (1957) In,ternational Politics, sixth edition (1958),and Government in the Soviet Union( 1961 ) Mr. Schuman was on the facultyof the Department of Political Science atU of C from 1927-1936.WILLIS L. ZORN, '24, of Eau ClaireWise, started his 34th year as basketballcoach at Eau Claire State College thisyear. He is also athletic director and deanof men. NELSON L. BOSSING, PhD'25, professor of general education at the Universityof Minnesota, Minneapolis, since 1938, isa visiting professor of education at IndianaUniversity, Bloomington, this year.NELSON FUQUA, '25, has moved toParis, France, where he is creative director of Elvinger, a leading French advertising agency. Incidentally, while on theU of C campus, Mr. Fuqua wrote theBlackfriars show, "Plastered in Paris."JOHN A. MORRISON, '25, SM'27, PhD'38 has been visiting professor of geography at the University of Pittsburgh recently, according to STEPHEN S. VISHER,'09 SM'10, PhD'14, professor of geography at Indiana University, Bloomington.Formerly a consultant geographer inQuincy, 111., Mr. Morrison's specialty isgeography of Russia.CLEM O. MILLER, PhD'26, has beenappointed to a new position with the National Institutes of Health He is nowexecutive secretary of research fellowshipsin the research training branch ot the Institutes' division of general medical sciences Mr. Miller will have broad responsibility in relation to fellowship programswith emphasis toward strengthening programs in physical sciences. Formerly Mr.Miller was executive secretary in the division of chemistry and chemical technologywith the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council. Mr Miller wasat the U of C from 1922 to 1928, as laboratory assistant, curator and instructor.MELVIN G. BARKER, '27 who wasassistant promotion director for the Chicago Sun-Times and Chicago Daily Newshas been named assistant to the generalmanager of the two newspapers. FormerlyMr. Barker had been promotion managerof the Chicago Times and became promotion director of the Sun-Times in 1947.ELVA BROWN BERGSTROM, '27, of Chicago, still teaches English and Spanish atKelvyn Park High School in Chicago.EDITH CHRISTENSON, '27, AM'34, ofRockford, 111., has been called back toteaching following her retirement becauseof a scarcity of first grade teachers inRockford.M AGNES DUNAWAY, '27, AM'34,chairman of the foreign language depart-^ARCH, 1962 25ment at Riverside High School in Milwaukee, Wise, has recently earned amaster's degree in Spanish at MiddleburyCollege, Middlebury, Vt.WILLIAM J. GILLESBY, '27, becameclinical assistant professor of surgery inthe University of Illinois College of Medicine, November 1, 1961. He had beenassistant chief of surgical service at theVeterans Administration Hospital, Hines,III, since 1952.ROBERT L. HUNTER, JD'27, presidentof the United Service Organization ( USO )of Chicago, was awarded the Army's Outstanding Civilian Service Medal in December. Mr. Hunter has been president ofthe Chicago USO since July, 1959, andwas recognized for his "exceptional contributions to the development of the public's awareness of the varying and vitalneeds of members of the military in peacetime." He is a partner in the Chicagolaw firm of Gregory and Hunter.31-35MARCEL J. E. GOLAY, PhD'31, of Rum-son, N.J., was given the DistinguishedAchievement Award of the Instrument Society of America at a meeting of the groupin September. The award, second suchconferred by the Society, is in the amountof $500, in addition to a plaque and acertificate of citation. Mr. Golay, who isa consultant for the Perkin-Elmer Corp.,Norwalk, Conn., and the Philco Corp., wascited for his achievements and contributions to the advancement of instrumentation in the field of radiation detection,infra-red spectrometry, gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance, and"particularly for his original and highlysignificant research and development ofchromatograph tubular columns, enablingchemical analysis never before accomplished by any analytical means."ALDEN G. GREENE, SM'31, and MARGARET PFLUEGER, '44, are two of thethree members of the Atomic Energy Commission's technical information staff in OakRidge, Tenn., who have participated inmeetings and exhibits abroad this fall. Mr.Greene, assistant chief of the technicalinformation extension, worked at the AEC's"Atoms for Work" exhibit in Beirut, Lebanon from October 8 to November 8. Hethen visited depository libraries in Turkey,Greece, Yugoslavia, Germany and Belgium. Miss Pflueger, chief of the information section, attended a workshop in Lima,Peru, on the organization of documentarymaterials. She also visited the NationalCommission of Nuclear Energy in Mexicoto discuss the depository library there.ANDREW W. LIND, PhD'31, professor ofsociology at the University of Hawaii inHonolulu, was a visiting professor atChulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, for the academic year, 1960-61. Mr.Lind, who taught under a Fulbright grant,was accompanied to Thailand by his wife, KATHERINE NILES, AM'35, and theirtwo children.MINA S. REES, PhD'31, recently appointed dean of graduate studies of theCity University of New York, was citedin October by the Business and Professional Women's Clubs of New York City,as the outstanding professional woman ofthe year. She was formerly dean of faculty at Hunter College.BERNARD BRODIE, '32, PhD'40, of Pacific Palisades, Calif., returned in the fallfrom a year in Paris with his family ona "Reflective Year Fellowship" awardedby the Carnegie Corp. Mr. Brodie is asenior research staff member with theRand Corp., Santa Monica, Calif.CLAUDIA C. DORLAND, '32, assistantprofessor of French at Sioux Falls College,in Sioux Falls, S.D., was recently electedpresident of the South Dakota ModernLanguage Assn.E. WILSON LYON, PhD'32, president ofPomona College, has been elected to theNational Board of Trustees of The Experiment in International Living. TheExperiment is a nonprofit educational organization founded in 1932 that specializesin placing its American participants inprivate homes overseas and its foreignparticipants in American homes. Mr. Lyon,who is of Claremont, Calif., became president of Pomona in 1941.WALLACE P. MORS, '32, AM'35, PhD'42,was appointed dean of faculty at BabsonInstitute of Business Administration, Babson Park, Mass., recently. Mr. Mors firstjoined the finance division of Babson in1948-1951, and rejoined the faculty in1953, becoming chairman of the Institute's finance division in 1955, a positionhe held until becoming dean of faculty.Since 1959 Mr. Mors has been engagedin a study for the National Bureau ofEconomic Research on the economic aspects of state regulation of consumerfinance. He recently was vice-presidentof the American Finance Assn.JOSEPH T. SALEK, '32, '35, has beenproducing director at San Pedro Playhouse, San Antonio, Texas, for 13 years.He has made five trips abroad since hisU of C days, and will go to the Orientduring the summer, 1962.ROBERT F. DEWEY, JD'33, has joinedthe head office of the Bank of California,in San Francisco, as vice president andtrust officer. He was formerly vice president of the First National Bank of Arizona in Phoenix.JERRY JONTRY, '33, vice president andadvertising director of Esquire magazine,recently addressed the Women's Advertising Club of St. Louis. MARION WHITEDICKEY, '31, is president of the club, soit was old home week for the two. Mr.Jontry writes that the next day he andBILL HEATON, '33, MBA'45, won abest-ball golf tournament with a low netof 58. Mr. Heaton is vice president andgeneral manager of Scruggs-Vandervoort-Barney, in St. Louis. NOEL B. GERSON, '34, of WaterforAConn., has just written his 40th boo »scheduled for publication late in ly 'Fifteen of his books have been popu^historical novels; the most recently p11lished: The Land is Bright.ALBERT W. LEVI, AM'34, PhD'38, pr£fessor at Washington University, St. Lou ^Mo., has been awarded a Fulbright research fellowship for a 10-month studycontemporary social philosophy inmany. Mr. Levi and his family lertSeptember for the University of Munic •They will travel extensively in Germany-One of the objectives of Mr. Levis ^search will be to determine the ^cet-philosophic response developing in ^many as a result of tensions between &and West. In addition to studying Pe ,odicals in the fields of philosophy ^the social sciences, he will meet ^German professors who have un(* \cr.similar areas of research. In I960, ^Levi was honored as the first recipientthe Phi Beta Kappa Award in ^°\Philosophy and Religion for his b°°£Philosophy and the Modern World. Healso author of A Study in the Social r>losophy of J. S. Mill, Rational Belief, anseveral other books.DAVID A. McCAULAY, '34, SM'40, sen**research associate at the AmericanCo., Whiting, Ind., spoke in Septemt*at the meeting of the American Ir\?tl , aof Chemical Engineers. He describedtheoretical development in organic c]}Gistry that helps explain how chemicalactions in such petroleum-refining Presses as catalytic cracking take place.MALCOLM F. SMILEY, '34, SM'3&PhD'37, is vice chairman of the rnatn^matics-physical science division atUniversity of California at Riverside.ANDREW C. SMITH, PhD'34, has beennamed president of Loyola Universitythe South, a Jesuit university. Father Srmhad been serving as vice-provincialthe 10-state New Orleans (southern) Pro 'ince of the Society of Jesus. Pfevl°S|lihe served as president of sPrin£ f0College in Mobile, Ala., from 1952 11959, and before that as an instructin English and dean at Spring Hill-RACHEL H. CUMMINGS, '35, of Rockford, 111., is still substitute teachingthe Rockford Public Schools.FRED FORTESS, '35, manager or" *!dyeing and finishing laboratories, at Genese Fibers Co., Charlotte, N.C, receivethe 1961 Olney Medal of the AmericaAssociation of Textile Chemists and Cojoists, in September. The Olney Medalawarded by the association for outstandingscientific achievement in the field of teX 1 echemistry. Mr. Fortess contributed to tidevelopment of Arnel triacetate and p1neered in the adaptation of P°ty"si*lf°uschemicals to textile finishing. He hold35 patents in the field of fermentatio^and wood-pulping by-product utiuzafit!°rand in the development of yarn and hvlubricants and anti-static agents.26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEFRANZ '22fessoRAtD E' RONNEBERG- PhD'35, Pro'ic i r of chemistry and chairman of phys-vj]| s^nccs at Denison University, Gran-as ' °nio, was on leave last year to serveSc'ioP[°grarn c,ircctor of t,lc secondaryHie M Pro)ccts in science education forin„f tional Science Foundation in Wash-Roni D' C' Whi]e in this Post' Mr'o nneberg's office administered a budgetVar.Ver four million dollars to carry out ascho f °f activitics aimed at secondaryand puPils to motivate their interest inan,i lInclerstanding of science, mathematicslnd enginceringICHard B. SCHLESINGER, '35, ofBoC i ' I"-' ,,as 1)ccn appointed to thePoTT °f Managcrs of the YMCA of Metro-vie cl"'cago. Mr. Schlesingcr, who isce president of Carson Piric Scott & Co.,n',s been affiliated with the YMCA form|"y years, serving on city-wide com-'"ecs and local YMCA boards of direc-„ s' Tile Y Board of Managers is madeP °r 38 men and women active in busi-ss> industry and civic affairs who give° neral supervision and control the currentPeration of the Chicago YMCA.„°UgLAS WARD, AM'35, has beenthpT t0 llcatl t,lc first ovcrscas on"lce oiT]e Institute of International Education.(i le office, wlu'ch will be responsible forWill , til,,tG's program in Latin America,j" nave headquarters in Lima, Peru.jo": Ward begins operations there early inj °2. A Latin America specialist, he wasofrJPerly principal of the American SchoolQuito, Ecuador, and special representa-j e °f the education division, Institute ofQter-Amcrican Affairs in Guatemala City,.Uatcrriala. He has also served as spe-.,a,lst in Latin American materials for.le U.S. Office of Education in Washington, D.C.£LVIN M. WEINBERG, '35, SM'36,*hD39, has been in Oak Ridge, Tenn.,S>lnce 1945, and director of the Oak Ridgephonal Laboratory since 1955. At pres-o . "e is a member of the President'science Advisory Committee, and waslected to the National Academy of Sci- KESNER '36ences this year. Last year he receivedthe Atoms-for-Pcace Award and the E. O.Laurence Award. His wife is the formerMARGARET DESPRES, who attendedthe U of C in the late 1930's. Mr. Weinbergtravels a great deal, thereby keeping intouch with his many old Chicago friends.36-1+2ROBERT T. KESNER, '36, has beennamed a senior vice president of J. S. Ful-lerton Inc., New York City advertising firm.Formerly Mr. Kesner was assistant advertising director of the Coca-Cola Co., seniorvice president of Lcnnen and Newell andaccount supervisor at Maxon, Inc. At theFullcrton agency he will be responsiblefor supervision of packaged goods ac-counts.HERMAN KOGAN, '36, assistant to theexecutive editor of the Chicago DrnhjNews, has been appointed to serve on theAmerican National Theater and Academy • .committee for International Cultural Exchange Service.CHARLES K. KRAFT, '36, PhD'37, professor of Old Testament interpretationand director of graduate studies at GarrettBiblical Institute, Evanston, 111. , is spend-ng this year abroad. He is a visiting lecturer at Leonard Theological CollegeTabalpur, India, for the first semester ofthe year, and visiting pro essor at theAmerican School of Oriental Research inJerusalem for 1962. Mr. Krafts .familyvent with him: his son is studying at theUniversity of Hamburg Germany, anahis daughter is at Isabella Thoburn College in Lucknow, India. The Krafts touredthe Orient on their way to India and willtour the Holy Land and Europe on theirway home during the summer.GEORGE H. WATKINS, '36, vice president of Marsh and McLennan, Inc., hasbeen named chairman of the Visiting Com- FORTESS '35mittee of the U of C College. The VisitingCommittee is a group of distinguishedbusiness and civic leaders interested in thedevelopment of undergraduate educationand life at the U of C. The committee wasformed last year to aid the administrationon College programs, help with recruitment, and sponsor special events. Mr.Watkins succeeds the late JOHN J. Mc-DONOUGH, '28, vice president of HarrisTrust & Savings Bank, who died October 2,1961. Mr. Watkins was vice president incharge of development at the U of C from1951 to 1957. His wife is CATHERINEP1TTMAN, '37.BEATRICE SCHONBERG BARDACKE,'37, of Baldwin, N.Y., writes that two ofher daughters are presently in the U of CCollege. Her oldest daughter, Judy, is afourth year College student and one ofher twin daughters, Ann, is a freshmanthis year. Mrs. Bardacke is a supervisorin the merchandising department of Doubleday & Co. Inc., Garden City, N.J.ISABEL VERBARG BILLINGS, '37, ofDetroit, Mich., is a special educationteacher in the Redford Union Schools inDetroit, presently teaching 15 retardedchildren.WELLS BURNETTE, '37, former vicepresident of Roosevelt College and morerecently a member of the public relationsfirm of Charles R. Feldstein & Co., hasformed his own company: Wells BurnetteAssociates, in Chicago, consultants in public relations, fund-raising, and programdevelopment for educational, welfare andhuman relations organizations.MICHAEL D. BUSCEMI, MD'37, of Mercer Island, Wash., is assistant medicaldirector for the aerospace division of theBoeing Company in Seattle.NORMAN R. DAVIDSON, *37, PhD'41,THEODORE PUCK, '37, PhD'46, andOWEN CHAMBERLAIN, PhD'49, havebeen elected to the National Academy ofSciences on the basis of their distinguishedand continued achievements in original re-Ma-RCH, 1962 27RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMOnroe 6-3192Since 7878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholstering • Re finishingAntiques Restored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. • LI 9-7180LEIGH'S GROCERY1327 EAST 57TH STREETServing the University Areaand Hyde PorkSince 1934DELIVERY SERVICEPOND LETTER SERVICE, Inc.Everything in Letter*Hooven TypewritingMuliigraphingAddressograph Service MimeographingAddressingMailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones: 219 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisYOUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTASTES BETTERWHEN ITS ,A product f Swift &7409 S<Phone F CompanySo. State StreetRAdcliffe 3-7400 search. This is considered to be one ofthe highest honors which can be givento an American scientist. Mr. Davidsonis professor of chemistry at the CaliforniaInstitute of Technology; Mr. Puck is professor of biophysics and head of the department at the University of Coloradomedical school; and Mr. Chamberlain isprofessor of physics at the University ofCalifornia. Also elected to the Academyat the same time was Herbert L. Anderson,professor of physics and director of theEnrico Fermi Institute at the U of C.IRWIN M. FLACKS, '37, of Trenton,N.J., and lieutenant colonel in the U.S.Army Reserve, completed a special orientation course at the Command and GeneralStaff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kan.,during the past summer. He is regularlyassigned as research and development officer at the U.S. Naval Research Centerin Princeton, N.J., and is associated withthe Flacks- Abramsohn Advertising Agencyin Trenton.MARION BAY GORDON, '37, of Fulton,Mo., is serving as concertmaster of theJefferson City (Mo.) Symphony Orchestra,and teaching at the Missouri School forthe Deaf in Fulton.ABRAM W. VANDERMEER, AM'41,PhD'43, who has served on the faculty ofPennsylvania State University for 15 years,has been named dean of the College ofEducation there. He has been associatedean of the college since 1957. A specialist in curriculum and materials of instruction, Mr. VanderMeer was elected thefirst president of the Pennsylvania Audio-Visual Association for Teacher Education,in 1949. Under grants from the U.S. Officeof Education, he has been directing research on production techniques to improve the effectiveness of motion picturesand film strips in teaching, and on theuse of pictorial and graphic materials inteaching machines.WILLIAM I. ABRAHAM, MBA'42, ofGreat Neck, N.Y., has joined the facultyof New York University's Graduate Schoolof Arts and Science as professor of economics. Formerly he had been associated for15 years with the department of economicand social affairs of the United Nations.During that time he also served as advisorto the Philippines government, the Economic Commission for Latin America, theBank of Mexico, the Central StatisticsOffice of Ireland, and a number of othergovernments and agencies. A specialist inthe field of national income, money flows,and inter-industry economics, he hastraveled extensively through Asia andLatin America on behalf of the U.N.ANN PERLMAN ALBERT, '42, of Highland Park, 111., teaches Latin at New TrierHigh School in Winnetka, 111. She receiveda master's degree from Northwestern University, Evanston, 111., in 1961.ELIZABETH WALLERSTEIN BINGHAM, '42, of Philadelphia, Pa., is workingfor the Department of Agriculture as abiochemist, doing research on milk proteins.She and her husband have four children. HERBERT GOLDHOR, PhD'42, b**^professor of library science and as ^director of the University of Illinoisuate School of Library Science, on iuary 1, 1962. He had been chief lD\n£l.,of the Public Library in Evansville,since 1952.DALE P. JOHNSON, '42, of Farming^Mich., is supervisor of production c ^for Ford Motor Co. in Dearborn, ofHe supervises forward model PIann § isthe automotive assembly division, .^ginvolved in the planning and prograi ^for new models of Ford products.Johnson has been with Ford for 1* /ROLLINS E. LAMBERT, '42, is n0^*ton the U of C quadrangles as g^ljcdirector of Calvert House, the nStudent Center. His appointmentin 1961.MILDRED E. B. SMITH, '42, ret*^January 1, from the University or vnecticut after 25 years there in the t^gment of agricultural economics. ]an3World War II she was the New ^tbeDmilk price specialist for OPA, an ^ ^to Connecticut in the JJ ^education in foods and too #keting. Miss Smith's name app^ 0fWho's Who in the East, Whos w< ^American Women, and American j* ^ qScience. She has headed the foralumni fund drive in Storrs, Con^ ^four years, and will continue tc mahome there. ,LOUISE GALST WECHSLER, [A^c^'44, of Vallejo, Calif., is active m tne ^Fire Girls Assn., and teaches *renthe Vallejo Evening College.Ur50LUCY S. HERRING, AM'44, s^%%of elementary education in Ashevi e, ^was honored recently when a ne ^ementary school in Asheville was namLucy S. Herring School. .HUSTON SMITH, PhD'45, ProfeS^e °fphilosophy at Massachusetts Ins u iereTechnology, was featured on the p „^eetperformance of the television serl^'2 ftlr-the Professor," on January 7, ^ jon inSmith has pioneered in adult educai ^television and has specialized in *i^ion toof comparative religions. In adai ^Qreviews and articles, he has wn«e ^books, The Religions of Man, an ^{sPurposes of Higher Education. * tejbook on religions Mr. Smith cona ^first-hand research during travels ^^gcountries in Asia and the Orient, sp ^j,time in a Japanese Zen monastery, c0j,dhist monastery in Burma, and se^ £acUlt)'lective communities in Israel. A ^member at MIT since 1956, he is tneprofessor of philosophy at the schoolthe Institute's early days.ELIZABETH MITCHAM BUTLER, t'46, of Chicago, is a field work *ss' ialprofessor in the U of C School ot »Service Administration.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZlN0JEH GUNNAR, '46, lawyer of Salem,°re^ v! been named a judge of theS°* Tax Court.Or? l LEZAK> '46> JD'49> of Port"att0r'n re*.' llas b^en named U.S. district^as t^' ln tne district of Oregon. HeT .*OririP.rl,, _ .___.,.i? n„:lM,Lezak°ri?erly an attorney with Bailey^tt*' wink & Gates. His " '^ DEUTSCH, '47, AM'49.^RIEIis aLlN^ MANN NACHBAR, '46, '48,^atioio scientist and applied mathe-M d Th Lockheed Aircraft Corp. Hereffects e^ with wave engineering-theSuWiar- aSt waves ()f snch structures ason ,1 *nes and missiles. She also workedaeterrninirfcr ftien£ining *be proper motor casinghusband ris fissile. Mrs. Nachbar's^athemV ^illiani> is also an appliedengjn_ atlcian, now on the aeronautical6 eenng staff at Stanford University.thief ^ ' NEWMAN, '46, '47, MBA'49, is*visionCC°flntant With t1le material serviceCa§° a A General Dynamics Corp., Chi-'inf ¦ haS been a certified public ac-coU]Pre- lltant in Illinois since 1958.^enrt TH°MPSON, '46, AM'49, issity { \ Caching at Long Island Univer-assistanr °°k,yn' NlY- **e was formerly^nivpr l proft-ssor of English at Browners*V in Providence, R.I.Publ:I^ee \A7- " — — — ' —UrW x* c*' ls planning a trip to EuropeS May, jllne and rul 1962<^ETTp __' .j ^ R- BAER, '47, editor of employee- <m°ns for Gimbel Bros., Inc., Mil-!?d h, TTE CASPER BLOCH, '47, '49,Calif ^ nusband Sydney, of Mill Valley,CW ^noimce the birth of their secondHoy lane Rochelle, on April 11, 1961.Qiris/AIRCHILD, AM'47, professor of*Vanci Son education and family life at Sancently 0 Geological Seminary, has re-research0nipIeted a tbree-year nation-wideNth© piUrVe>; of Presbyterian familiesB°ard V rcns ministry to them, for theVears i? * Christian Education. For sixSsor nf Faircriild was an assistant pro-!n Los APSychol°gy at Occidental CollegeyniVersi-. An«e]es- He has also served asr tion f JPastor witn Westminster Foun-f0rnia at ^e University of Southern Cali-IOrnia,^nla^^IA GILLILAND, MD'47, ofHicn sh •'' sa^s tliat tne clinic withResent f >\S associated is outgrowing itsr new °^ities and Plans are being made**d Val °ffices and branches in Portland^ard it £0uver, Wash. After working to-fast 0i *?r three years, Dr. Gilliland hastained her private pilot's license.Is °n thAM M* HALPERN, PhD'47, whoVa m research staff of the Rand Corp.,VrinT0nica> Calif., was a visiting lec-°* Calif panese pontics at the UniversitySei*este ia' Berkeley, during the fall* pane?" *n SePtember he participated inHich J, pr°grarn "lapan in Transition"r Jann S sP°ns°red jointly by the Centeraliforn-neSe Stlldies of the University of' Ber^eley, and Holiday magazine.^ivedAvD MARTIN, '47, recently re-nis PhD from the department ofMa*ch, 1962 ohflosophy at the University of Illinois.S October, he left Chicago to becomeRabbi of Temple Mount Zion m St. PaulMinn He is also author of a forthcom.ngbook The Existential Theology of PaulTillich.TOHN M. PFAU, '47, AM'48 PhD'51,ns been appointed chairman of the divi-on ofTociirsciences at the newg-creagSonoma State College Cotat^ C^.f. ftswife, ANTREEN McDONNELL 40SM'44, is working part-time at theLawrence Radiation Laboratory m Be ke-ley. The Pfaus recently moved to SantaRosa, Calif.DONALD RIECHMANN, '47, has been^pointed instructor in library s«ceDrexel Institute of Technology, Philadelphia, Pa.MARION A. TROZZOLO, '47, MBA;50,o Kansas City, Mo., announces the birtho his fourth'daughter, Anita who washorn in August and joins her sisters,Andrea, Angela, and Alexandra.PIERCE BRAY, '48, MBA'49, has beenp omoted to controller of Cummins EngineCompany, Inc., Columbus, Ind. Mr. iSray£Tbe£. manager-prices at Cumminsince he began working there m 1958.From 1949 to 1954 he was employed byJl™ Ford Motor Co., where he ass1Sted me development of Ford's division ofudeeting, pricing and profit planning.He las flsoa consultant for Booz, Allenand Hamilton in Chicago.EDMUND L. DUBOIS, SM'48 formerlypfrk NJ. both lieutenant colonels in theCO,,rVo^^whici;wnlb; completedn,onth course ^ selected officersfor^Xre as'lgEts to top staff andfor tutuie a . g amed forces>command positions ^n-itionsand other key government positions.and is living in La Crosse, Wise.of International Minerals & C^S^hradzke. Gould & Ratner.TOE S. HAM, '48 ^EfS'&Zcave from A and M College orCollege Station , Texas jb- ^ ^a.date FO^'lfiKr; of Ford Motorat the scien tific labor. uor^ y ^ ^Co., Dearborn, Mich., tor int yHvtag in Ann Arbor, Mich. York City, has been with McGraw-Hillsince 1956 when he joined the company sTorfd news staff in London as ; techrucaeditor. He spent three-and-a-half yearsas chief of the Bonn Germany bureau,returning to the U.S. last year. Mr Jleht-zer is currently completing a book on TheRole of the Businessman as a ForeignPolicy Maker.CUIDO L. WEISS, '49, SM'51, PhD'56who was appointed associate professor otmathematics at Washington University , StLouis, Mo., a year ago, has been on leaveof absence from the university on a National Science Foundation fellowship mFrance for the past year. He will begin[caching at the university next month.Huswife, MARY BISHOP '49, SM 52PhD'57, has been appointed a lecturer inmathematics.HERMAN WOLFSON, '49, MD'53, has£en in the private practice <JP«J™in Newington, Conn., since 1957 and isa"socLTedgwith the Newington Hospitafor Crippled Children, and is medicaldirectorTor the Polish Orphanage of NewSain, Conn. He and his wife have fourchildren, the youngest was born on June9, 1961.irmN A POND MBA'50, and his familyS Hvt in'Sty, Mo., where Mn Pondis vice president of William Jewell College.UNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANK1354 East 55th StreetMemberFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationMUseum 4-1200BEST BOILER REPAIR & WELDING CO.24 HOUR SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoPhone: REgent 1-33 MThe Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awning, and Canopie, for All Purpose.1142 E. 82nd StreetBUnIWTypewriting * Addressing AddressographingInsertingMailing7*uif*AGO ADDRESSING * PRINTIN& COMPANY720 SOUTH DEARBORN STREET WAIkS-I 2456129Mr. Pond was formerly director of theU of C Alumni Foundation.LADISLAS F. REITZER, PhD'50, hasbeen appointed assistant professor in thesocial sciences department of SouthernConnecticut State College, New Haven.Formerly Mr. Reitzer was assistant professor of history at North Carolina StateCollege in Raleigh from 1956 to 1961. Healso taught at the U of C and RooseveltUniversity in Chicago. Prior to that hespent four years doing free lance writingfor historical journals.51-61J. ALLISON BINFORD, JR., '51, of Milwaukee, Wise, is staff producer-directorwith WMVS-TV, where he has been employed since February, 1958. He producesand directs the Milwaukee Public Schoolin-school broadcasts and recently hosteda children's program four times weekly,plus a 90-program series for NationalEducational Television. Mr. Binford wasmarried on December 5, 1959, to LoisDeckow, and they have one daughter,born on August 5, 1961.JAMES H. BURROWS, SM'51, has beennamed head of the computer applicationsdepartment at the Mitre Corp., Bedford,Mass. In this new position, he will beresponsible for various phases of studyand experimentation on the application ofcomputers to Air Force command andcontrol systems such as the SAGE AirDefense System and the North AmericanAir Defense Combat Operations Center.Mr. Burrows joined Mitre in 1959 as associate head of the computer programmingdepartment.ERNEST W. COOK, AM'51, of Warwick,R.I., is administrator of a new division ofhospital survey, construction and licensingin the Rhode Island State Health Department. Mr. Cook, who has been researchdirector for the Rhode Island Council ofCommunity Services for the past threeand a half years, will administer the newdivision whose primary purpose will be athorough study of the need for varioustypes of medical facilities in the state.HENRY EDELHEIT, MD'51, of NewYork, N.Y., has been elected an associatemember of the New York PsychoanalyticSociety.MARTIN GOUTERMAN, '51, SM'55.PhD'58, of Cambridge, Mass., has beennamed assistant professor of chemistry atHarvard University.PHILIP R. HOLT, '51, of Miramar, Calif.,is a lieutenant in the U.S. Navy, andpresently serving at the Navy's LightPhotographic Squadron Sixty-Three, as jetphoto reconnaissance training officer.BARBARA L. KLASSY, '51, of Fort ^Sumner, N.M., recently was chosen "FirstLady of the Year" by Gamma Zeta chapterof Beta Sigma Phi, International, in recognition of distinguished service to the community. JOHN W. FRANKENFELD, '52, SM'57,who recently received his doctors degreein chemistry at Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology, joined Esso Research andEngineering Company's research staff inNovember. He is living in Westfield, N.J.WILLIAM DARSOW, PhD'53, formerlywith DePaul University, Chicago, hasbeen named associate professor of mathematics at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago.EMANUEL M. AMIR, PhD'54, has recently been granted two patents in connection with his research on new techniques for separating various productsderived from petroleum raw materials. Mr.Amir is a senior research chemist inHumble Oil & Refining Co. research anddevelopment at Baytown, Texas.GEORGE C. HOYT, AM'54, has becomeassistant professor in the college of business administration at the State Universityof Iowa, Iowa City. He had been on thefaculty of San Jose State College, SanJose, Calif., while doing graduate workat the University of California. Between1954 and 1957 he was personnel managerof the Industrial Indemnity Co. in SanFrancisco.CLYDE C. SMITH, '54, of Winnipeg,Manitoba, enjoyed a summer in Chicagothis year while engaging in research madepossible by a grant-in-aid of research andproductive scholarship from the CanadaCouncil.EIICHI FUKUSHIMA, '57, of Seattle,Wash., received a master's degree fromDartmouth in 1959, and is now workingon his Ph.D. degree in physics at theUniversity of Washington.DOROTHY HESS GUYOT, '57, '58, is inRangoon, Burma, this year where herhusband, James, is a Fulbright student inpolitical science. Mrs. Guyot has beenworking toward her PhD degree in political science and Southeast Asian studies ona Ford Foundation Grant at Yale University.COLETTE KOLETO MARGOLIN, '57, ofNew York, N.Y., is doing graduate workat Columbia University Teachers Collegein childhood education, and plans to receive her master's degree in 1962.WILLIAM A. POLEY, '57, and his wifeRosemary, of Sandusky, Ohio, announcethe birth of a daughter, Kathryn, on March4, 1961. Mr. Poley is a research scientistwith the National Aeronautical and SpaceAdministration Plum Brook Reactor inSandusky.BARRY H. RAPPAPORT, '57, of Newark,N.J., is an attorney in the law firm ofSpar, Schlem & Burroughs in New YorkCity. He and his wife, Anna Gucken-heimer, who also attended the U of C,have one daughter.ADOLPH C. RISKO, '57, spent 1960 asmanager of Ascension Missile Range Station, the target end of the Atlantic missilerange for intercontinental ballistic missiles. Mr. Risko, who lives in Eau Gallie, Fla., is superintendent of operations prgrams in missile testing for Pan AmericWorld Airways, and is stationed at Pa0*1Air Force Base, Fla.SEYMOUR SIEGEL, '57, of New Y°*N.Y., is assistant professor of theologythe Jewish Theological Seminary of Afl>ica in New York.ALICE K. WAGSTAFF, AM'57, PhP'5^of Pittsburgh, Pa., is now directorcounseling and associate professor of p /chology at Duquesne University there.KENNETH DITKOWSKY, '58, a gradu^of Loyola University Law School, *admitted to the Bar of Illinois in Nove^Jber, 1961, and has opened law ont*ce^jfl2335 Devon in Chicago. In May neJ?gimove his office to larger quarters at 2»3Devon. Mr. Ditkowsky's wife is JUD1GOODMAN, '59, SM'60.ROBERT H. WELLINGTON, MBA*of Barrington, 111., has been elected a vlpresident of American Steel FoundriesChicago. Mr. Wellington had been ser^ing as a vice president of Griffin W*1Co., a Chicago based subsidiary of Amercan Steel.FRANKLYN BROUDE, '59, MBA'60, , j*teaching economics full time at the Uversity of Illinois, Chicago, and also atending the U of C full time, work**toward his PhD degree in the DeP? jement of Economics. He says this sche anis "designed to test whether any pr0£r gso conceived and so dedicated can l°n$endure (with apologies to A. Lincoln/-RICHARD L. ROWLAND, PhD'< h»sbeen promoted from senior chemisttechnical specialist at Sohio's (StandarOil Company of Ohio) research dep^ment, Cleveland, Ohio. Mr. Rowland )0&e ^Sohio in January, 1961, and has been corducting basic research in the fieldenergy conversion. He lives in ShaKHeights, Ohio.RICHARD A. YOUNG, MBA'60, of Evanston, 111., left Smith Barney & Co., ^September, 1961, to join Goodbody & ^°'as an institutional salesman.JOHN MILLS, '61, carried out a to*6family tradition when he graduated fr?the U of C. His mother and father are J0H£MILLS, JR., '32, and ELISABETHPARKER, '32, AM'34, of Rochester, N-**Two of his aunts, MURIEL PARKJ£ROTH, '30, and THEODORA T*£BROEKE MILLS, '35, also attended tl*U of C. Three of his grandparents &°graduates: JOHN MILLS, SR., <J£GRACE REED PARKER, '17, and FR££C. W. PARKER, '04. Other of his fan£gties include two cousins, CHARLES TE^BROEKE GOODSPEED, '93, and EDGA*JOHNSON GOODSPEED, '97, PhD'9*'former U of C professor; and a great a^11 'Florence Mills Goodspeed, who was dire0'tor of Ida Noyes Hall. His cousins' fath^was THOMAS WAKEFIELD GOODSPEED, '62, who aided in the foundingof the University and getting the pledgeSnecessary to meet the conditions of Mr'Rockefeller's first gift to the V of C.30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEEDGAR J. GOODSPEED^T«0N FROM THE ARMY HE JOINED THE FACULTY OF THEUNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS IN CHICAGO WHERE HE IS NOWHEAD OF THE DIVISION OF SOCIAL SCIENCES.to the death of Edgar J. Goodspeed, Ernest D. Bur-^n Distinguished Service Professor of Biblical and^tristic Greek, Emeritus, the University of Chicagohas lost one of its original faculty members and one of*he most outstanding scholars and teaphers of its entirehistory.The link with the founding goes far back of the°pening of the University. Edgar Goodspeed was a boy°f eight when William R. Harper joined the faculty°* the Baptist Theological Union seminary in MorganPark, where the Goodspeed family lived. Edgar Good-^Peed and his great mentor were close friends untilMr- Harper's death, and Mr. Harper was profoundly^fluential in the educational development of the youngG°odspeed in the formative years. The link became^ronger when Mr. Goodspeed's father interested JohnD- Rockefeller in the founding of the new University^ Chicago and in bringing to it as its first President*Wessor Harper who was then teaching at Yale.The influence of Harper shaped Mr. Goodspeed's£arIy training. He began the study of German whenhe Was eight and of Latin at the age of ten— signifi-£antly, using the inductive method which Harper£ad devised in teaching Hebrew. At the age ofWteen Mr. Goodspeed attended the preparatory department of the old University of Chicago; a part ofhis course was Greek, which for seventy-five years wasto be his dominant scholarly interest. In the next threeyears he completed his undergraduate work at Denison.Mr. Goodspeed's graduate study, beginning in 1890j^d continuing for six years, is an important clue to^is extraordinary success and the brilliance of hisProfessional achievement. The Harper influence was^ndamental: the young collegian went to Yale forWher work with the teacher who so deeply influenced^. It followed naturally that in 1892 Mr. Goodspeedtr*nsferred to the recently founded and now openednew University of Chicago. Here Mr. Goodspeed continued study with President Harper, but changed his^ajor subject to the New Testament under ProfessorErnest DeWitt Burton, who had been brought by^arper from Denison. Mr. Burton was another deeplyf°rrnative influence in Mr. Goodspeed's life.A visiting professor, Caspar Rene Gregory, whotaught in the summer quarter of 1895, enlarged Mr.Godspeed's interest in the New Testament to include^e study of text and canon. An immediate result wasresearch on a gospels manuscript of the NewberryLibrary for his dissertation when he took his doctoratej* 1898. But far more significant was a remoter result:W began what was to end in a magnificent collection of manuscripts which greatly increased the humanisticresources of the University of Chicago.But the taking of his doctorate did not end the graduate preparation of the brilliant young scholar. President Harper had perceived that Edgar Goodspeedwould achieve a high place among the distinguishedmembers of the faculties of the new University. Heappointed him to the faculty at the rank of assistantfor two years without salary, and he stipulated thatthese two years be spent in travel and in post-doctoralstudy abroad. In 1901, promoted to the rank of associate the now well-trained scholar began to teach atthe salary of $1,000 per year!The measure of young Mr. Goodspeed's scholarshipis indicated by his use of these two years abroad. Hehad become interested in non-literary Greek papyri(one of the most highly recondite branches of Hellenistic study) and had made the beginning of a privatecollection of documents. These he took with him toBerlin, where he attended the University, and workedat them under the guidance of the first authority inthat field, Franz Krebs. Later Mr. Goodspeed studiedpapyrology under Franz Wesseley, who had been theteacher of virtually everyone who had then worked inthat field. Elsewhere in Germany Mr. Goodspeed studiedwith several leading authorities in various linguistic andbiblical fields. He had the great good fortune to dointensive work on papyri with the English scholars,Grenfell, Hunt, and Milligan, who were not only advancing knowledge in this new field but who made fabulousadditions to the documents by their Egyptian expeditionsin which Mr. Goodspeed shared.Teaching was but one of the fields of scholarship inwhich Mr. Goodspeed excelled, and in this he scintillated. He had taught long before the opening of hisUniversity career in 1902; ten years earlier he was oneof a tutorial group in Morgan Park, teaching classicalGreek. This task resulted in a book, Homeric Vocabularies, which was an early item in his astonishinglylong bibliography of published scholarly works. Hisfirst course-offering at the University was on the Apostolic Fathers, and it is characteristic that he so capturedand channeled the interest of his students that theyworked with him in the publication of an Index Patris-ticus. Later courses on the Apologists resulted in anIndex for those fathers. And it is worth while to notethat by this labor it was insured that not a single wordin the voluminous Early Christian literature escapedhis studious scrutiny; complete mastery of the Greeklanguage and unlimited application in the study of thesources were the fruits of Mr. Goodspeed's exceptionalpreparation for his work.His method was sheer genius. His classes wereutterly informal. He would bring some half dozenbooks to which he planned to refer, and a manilaenvelope containing his notes. Some of these notes, thestudent could see, were written on pieces of old University calendars; they were of varying size, clippedto the area needed for the note. Of course they wereconstantly brought up to date. They stimulated histhought, and immediately he would launch into a spontaneous conversation so full of interest as to fascinatehis students. Informal though the sessions were, the^ARCH, 1962 31end of the Quarter always found the subject fully andthoroughly covered.Whatever the subject matter — textual criticism, thecanon, one or another aspect of patristic literature, orthe synoptic problem — students were stimulated towork at the question involved, and every aspect of itwas illuminated from items of Mr. Goodspeed's ownexperience. No finer example of scholarship could beset than was made alive every day in his classes.This value judgment is not mere opinion. Mr. Good-speed was chairman of the Department of New Testament and Early Christian Literature for thirteen years.In that period the Department presented thirty-ninecandidates for the doctor's degree. This was an inevitable result of the teaching in the Department; studentswere constantly challenged to contribute to knowledge.For example, one day Mr. Goodspeed brought to classa carton full of manuscripts which he had just receivedfrom a dealer. Each student was given one, and assigned the task of reporting next day what he had beenable to ascertain of its paleography, handwriting, content, and type of text. During his chairmanship theDepartment maintained a dozen active research projects, from which came many subjects for degrees.Two dramatic achievements crowned Mr. Good-speed's academic career, and each led to a major contribution to the University. In 1923 he published TheNew Testament, an American Translation. First meeting with a furor of criticism, it presently met with wideacceptance, and the venture was so successful thatmore than a million copies were distributed by theUniversity Press. But the great result was that withhis exquisite sense of the English language and hisexceptional training he produced a version which accurately reflected the quality of the basic Greek. Thisresult could never have been attained without that longand arduous preparation which Mr. Goodspeed sowillingly undertook in his graduate and post-doctoralstudies.Then in 1927, while on a visit to Europe, Mr. Good-speed discovered a sumptuously bound and lavishlyillustrated Greek New Testament. Mrs. Edith Rockefeller McCormick purchased it and left it with Mr.Goodspeed and his colleagues to study. It was published with a facsimile edition of the miniatured pagesand with studies of its text and miniatures. It becamea magnet by which unknown manuscripts were attracted to the University. At this point Mr. Goodspeed'spowerful influence in the University and his acquaintance with wealthy Chicagoans were effective in gettingthese documents for humanistic research acquired bythe University. At the same time materials for studentresearch became available. The significance of thisdevelopment becomes evident when it is rememberedthat when Mr. Goodspeed took his degree the University owned one New Testament manuscript; now itscollection — appropriately named for Mr. Goodspeed —is second in America only to the much older collectionof the University of Michigan.One can thus suggest the extraordinary career of oneof the most outstanding of the great men of the University. He came to his retirement at the height of hisachievements. Nor did he cease work when he left his32 Distinguished Service Professorship. He continue ^publish until within three years of his death, anestablished a fruitful academic relationship with ^University of California at Los Angeles which contifl1for many years. , ^In the death of Edgar J. Goodspeed a founder or^University of Chicago has ended his labors, an aUniversity has lost one of its most creative schoBut the link with the founding of the University ^forged in life, and death cannot break it. The li^the famous scholar has come to its end, but the e^of his contributions remain — the enduring contribu ^to the University's fame, the permanent values omanuscript collection, the lasting worth of the i*1^published volumes, and most of all the impetus to^extension of knowledge by his students now sen^in their own right. Mr. Goodspeed will long be rem ^bered, and in his influence he is immortal.continued from p<*9e 18BUSINESS OUTLOOK commucu ...... .ig aProjected surpluses (or "latent surpluses," w jj'gbtyfashionable term in Washington these days) are n°^[volatile in nature and tend to evaporate as theyear progresses. n.Implicit in these estimates for business ana g . s x. i:~~ i .-i__ • . „*.„#-; cfiY.al sei*averment spending are new highs in two statistical -^watched closely by business analysts. Expenditure :new plant and equipment as reported by the ^Jjij0nment of Commerce will at least touch the $40 &1^mark during the year. And total new construe ^private and public, will cross the $60 billion ***e^e\ythe first time — even without any further upwardfrom residential construction. . re?Where are the dark streaks in this fairly rosy plC1) Unemployment will remain at politically u£ei0wfortable levels. While the rate should get D^5% of the labor force by the end of the y^^jf.yearly average is almost certain to remain ^V.ion-2) While inflation is no immediate threat, inll^nedary pressures are usually generated in a sus abusiness upswing and should be watched c °eSome prices and price indices will show jupward creep during the year. There is a .danger that our monetary authorities may Bjexpansion jitters or become excessively cone ^about our international balance of payments, ^move to slam the lid on monetary an & °*aexpansion. But any such action would anforecast for 1963 more than one for 1962. ^3) The possibility of a steel strike injects an ^tional element of uncertainty. It changes ^pattern of inventory behavior; but, main ^nd"fuzzes up" some of the statistical indicators, ^so confuses people as to what is going °n '^addition, there might be some "announce ^effects" from a steel settlement; it could adve ^affect business expectations as future cos ^hence investment prospects. But such a P^ -nbility seems peripheral if not insignifiea11the total scheme of things. t tyTo conclude: Fortunately for us all, 1962 will n©^one of extremes, but of substantial and solid econ ^advance. If you are not comforted by my aritnm ^at least you will not be alarmed by it.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZlN*memorialsarvH4N.A' GRAY> MD'87, died on Janu-97 tj m Mllskeg°n' Mich., at the age ofCh* Was a ^()rnier president of theicago Tuberculosis Institute and them \Ca?° Fresh Air Hospital, and practicedin jq?Je in Chicago until his retirementProf He bad also been an assistantVer„efSSor of medicine at Northwestern Uni-aj niedical school from 1916 to 1924,ConfPreSldent of tho Mississippi ValleyOravT1106 °n Tuberculosis in 1926- Dr'hk v .. lived in Pentwater, Mich., sinceus retirement.ci^1^ H. FISCHER, MD'01, of Cin-ge of 82. Former head of "the depart-latJ> Ohio, died on January 19, a: the^ent ° f82' Former ]lead of tnc depart-Univ 0t Physiology and professor at thecine f lty °f Cineinnati College of Medi-his | "r 40 years, he was also known forinir "J^st in amateur painting and writ-Physi i ng Dr* Fiscner s term as head ofat r° • y' tWo sPecia] linits were initiatedTannlnCJnnati: Kettering Laboratory, anders Council Research Laboratory.AHIETTA NQRTON STANLEY, '01, ofhad h gC' IH" died on January 28- Shethan 5(T a residen* of LaGrange for moreican a years and was active in the Anier-Leagi ciation of University Women, theCOunt °f Women v«ters, the LaGrangeand S^ Clu^' and tne Community Nurseervice Association of LaGrange.cag^ERT ^ ZIMMERMANN, '01, Chi-of ^ plc leader and long-time executiveJarmarv 0P°nne]ley & Sons Co> died onniann • • at the age of 81- Mr- Zimmer-as pres°lned Donnelley in 1901, and served°0rnmiH and cbairman of the executivecWiri He retired in 1955 as vicedirectoan Pj tne board but continued as aary t * Mr. Zimmermann was an honor-^ctive °f the U of C and had beenof a m its alumni activities-he was onefeed & 0TJ? of 30 businessmen who organ-^esearch r0Undl on Medical and Biological^ann i- ?r tlle University. Mr. Zimmer-^n !lved in Geneva, 111.sItL°sm> nohe estate of CLARENCE W.^vers'f \Wh° died in Allgust> 1961' the°f $5,000 received an unrestricted giftLlOYn t .llK diWi JOSSER, '08, of Abingdon,wALT' on June 17' 196hMvill F* SANDERS, '09, AM'17, of1961 £' ^°'> died on September 17,°* trie f ad served for 26 years as dean%mfi acillty at Park College, until his***** in 1946 tSV^/Ahe estate of HERSHEL G.Te XJni ' who died in February, I960,b ^sed f Sity has received $127,044 tohistorv „ , scholarships in the fields oflK died SILBERMAN, '10, of Chicago,on December 23, 1961. MILTON M. MORSE, '14, formerly ofChicago and Lake Forest, 111., died onDecember 25, 1961, in his home at Venice,Fla He had retired 10 years ago asfounder and president of the Eyegene Co.,Chicago.From the estate of EVELYN G. HALLI-DAY '15, SM'22, PhD'29, who died inthe spring of 1959, the University has received an unrestricted gift of $1,000.LEO C. HUPP, 15, JD'20, died on September 9, 1961. He lived in Ottawa, 111.KENNETH C. SEARS, JD'15, professoremeritus in the U of C Law School diedrecently. He was living in Santa Barbara,Calif.FOWLER B. McCONNELL, '16, a member of the University's Board of Trusteessince 1947, died on December 27, 1961at the age of 67. Mr. McConnell joinedSears Roebuck & Co., the year of hisgraduation, moved up to the presidencyand finally became chairman of the boardfrom which position he retired in I960.He had been ill for some time before hisdeath.STELLAN WINDROW, '16, died in 1959.CLAY fUDSON, JD'17, who died on November 28, I960, was honored in Chicagorecently when a landscaped court for thenew Francis W. Parker School buildingwas named the Clay Judson MemorialCourt. The court provides a year-roundsetting for outdoor school activities, andwill also be available for community use.Mr Tudson was an attorney and civicWder serving as a member of the Parker^hool b"rdgof trustees for 28 years Atthe time of his death, he was with thehw firm of Wilson & Mcllvaine, and livedn Lake Forest, 111. Mr. Judson had beenand served as president of th c U o CInternational House, and the Law SchoolAlumni Assn.ELLA E. STONE, '17, AM'24. Jed onOctober 3, 1961, in Downey, Caht.ALBERT JOHANNSEN 19 £™«^lolnnnsen who was 90, had won a repu-En is an authority on petrology, doingmny reviews and textbooks on microscopicpSgy and minerology. He spec.al.zedKe classification of igneous rocks. MrTohannsen's avocational interest was 19thST African ^Jf^Z^Tl^etZ:^ The Houseof Beadle and Adams.WILLIAM D. CAMPBELL. '21 of Losi /-^„i;f Hied on November &*,Angeles, Calif., died on ticedtime of his death. HENRY M. SHUGHART, '22, lawyer ofKansas City, Mo., died in January. Hewas founder and partner in the law firm,Shughart, Thomson, Stark and Kilroy.CLARENCE E. TRIPP, '22, died on February 13, 1961.EVON RYAN, '23, of Mankato, Minn.,died on January 1. She had taught atMankato State College from 1925 untilher retirement in 1957, and was a member of the Minnesota Education Assn., andthe Council for Mathematics Teachers.FRANK H. COOLEY, MD'24, physicianand senior member of the Aberdeen Medical Center staff, Aberdeen, S.D., died onJanuary 5. Dr. Cooley had practiced inAberdeen since 1938.HOWARD H. NUCKOLS, AM'24, of Chicago, died on August 12, 1961. He wassenior counselor at Evanston TownshipHigh School, Evanston, 111.HAROLD R. WILLOUGHBY, PhD'24,who was professor emeritus of Early Christian Origins in the Department of NewTestament and Early Christian Literatureat the U of C Divinity School, died onFebruary 2, at the age of 71. Mr. Wil-loughby, who came to the U of C in 1924as an instructor in New Testament, became professor of Early Christian Origins in 1943 and remained in that position until his retirement in 1955. Hewas a licensed preacher in the MethodistChurch, and the author and co-author ofmore than 15 books on the New Testament.His fields of special interest were social-historical origins of early Christianity inthe Mediterranean, and East Christianiconography in manuscripts of the GreekNew Testament.JAMES V. HUFFMAN, '25, president ofthe Huffman Advertising Co., St. Louis,Mo., died on January 31. Mr. Huffmanorganized his own advertising agency 25years ago, after being employed withKMOX radio station in St. Louis.WESLEY P. CLARK, PhD'28, of Missoula, Mont., died on November 15, 1961.He was dean emeritus of the graduateschool at the State University of Montana,Missoula.SEWARD E. DAW, AM'33, of Wellsville,Ohio, died on December 8, 1961, frominjuries incurred in an automobile accident.JOHN H. HUCKO, '33, of Belleville, N.J.,died on September 21, 1961.E. WALLACE MacDIARMID, JD'47, ofSouth Pasadena, Calif., died on January23. He had been consistently active inour Los Angeles Club. He was presidentof the Club in 1958, and had served onthe board since.WILLIAM A. WATTERS, AM'49, of OakPark 111., died on December 18, 1961.a couponfor your convenienceThe University of Chicago Alumni Foundation5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEnclosed, my contribution of .$ for the 1962 Alumni Giftto the University of Chicago? Unrestricted — to be used where most needed.? Credit to Graduate School of Business.] Law SchoolQ the School of Medicine.Q School of Social Service Administration.? make check to The University of ChicagoSigned-Address