OCTOBER 1961U N I VE R S I TY O FCHICAGOmagaziney"yfe^ 1HrTHEATRE CONFERENCE'¦if he should not be there to provide for them.Helping fathers make these plans is the job of theMassachusetts Mutual man. Thoroughly trainedand experienced, he is at your service ... to help youmap out the security plan that's right for your family.Why not call your Massachusetts Mutual mantoday ... or our General Agent, listed underMassachusetts Mutual in your phone book.MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL Life Insurance CompanySPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS • ORGANIZED 1851Some of the University of Chicago alumni in Massachusetts Mutual service:Chester A. Schipplock, '27, Chicago Theodore E. Knock, '41, Chicago Jens M. Dellert, ChicagoMorris Landwirth, C.L.U., '28, Peoria Jacob E. Way, '50, Waukegan James J. Lawler, EvanstonPetro Lewis Patras, '40, Chicago Rolf Erik G. Becker, Oakland Jesse J. Simoson, Niagara FallsA little kid has lots of heroes. That mightyhalfback. The cop at the corner. And the top heroof all — Dad.Yet kids don't know some of the most importantthings their Dads do for them. Like the way afather makes sure his family will always be secure. . . able to stay in their own home, have a regularincome, and money for education .... evenmemo padFrom his home in Stockton, California,AMOS ALONZO STAGG— on his 99th birthday,acknowledged the avalanche of greetings with this clever card:August 16, 1961Dear Friend:Thank you very muchfor remembering me. At 99, onelooks like this -- and writes likethis.Gratefully,VBorn in Orange, New Jersey the year that ProduceCommissioner John D. Rockefeller (23) risked hisfirst $4,000 to organize an oil refining partnership,A. A. Stagg substituted coaching for the ministryand, in 1891, joined the new University of Chicagowhich had been founded with the help of onemillion six hundred thousand Rockefeller dollars.Stagg invested 41 years of his life at Chicago andwent on to complete an unbroken coaching record of 68 years.His son Paul and family have joined his dad andmother in Stockton where Paul becomes head ofthe physical education department of the University of the Pacific.Son Lonnie, Jr., is chairman of the department ofhealth and physical education at SusquehannahUniversity, Pennsylvania. Daughter Ruth (Mrs.J. Alton Lauren) lives in Chicago. H.W.M.Top, right — Happy birthday at 73with Jimmy Twonig, 83.Middle — Surprise at 90 at Hutchinson Commons.Bottom — 1952. Nostalgia is fun withCoach Nelson Norgren and groundsman Alec.Left — At home with Stella, Stockton.SEPTEMBER, 1961U N I VERS I TY O FCHICAGOmagazine5733 University AvenueChicago 37, IllinoisMidway 3-0800; Extension 3244EDITOR Mariorio BurkhardtEDITORIAL ASSISTANT Rona MoarsFEATURES3 Midwest Theatre Conference4 ... Harold Clurman and Reuel Denney7 Kenneth Burke8 Jo Mielziner1 1 Reuel Denney18 American Indian Chicago ConferenceDEPARTMENTS| Memo Pad14 News of the Quadrangles21 News of the Alumni30 MemorialsCOVERProducer-Director Harold Clurman tells theMidwest Theatre Conference what's wrongwith American Theatre.CREDITSCover, 3-16: John Osgood; 19: Alan Berger.THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONPRESIDENT John F. Dille, Jr.EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Howard W. MortADMINISTRATIVE ASST Ruth S. HalloranPROGRAMMING MaryJeanne CarlsonALUMNI FOUNDATIONDIRECTOR Chet LacyChicago-Midwest Area Florence MedowREGIONAL OFFICESEastern Region W. Ronald Sims26 E. 38th StreetNew York 16. N. Y.MUrray Hill 3-1062Los Angeles Mrs. Marie Stephens1195 Charles St., Pasadena 3After 3 P.M.— SYcamore 3-4545MEMBERSHIP RATES (Including Magazine)I year, $5.00; 3 years, $12.00Published monthly, October throuqh June, by theUniversity of Chicaqo Alumni Association. 5733 University Avenue, Chicaqo 37, Ml. Annual subscriptionprice. $5.00. Sinqle copies. 25 cents. Entered assecond class matter December I, 1934, at the PostOffice of Chicaqo. III., under the act of March 3.1879. Advertisinq aqent: The American AlumniCouncil. 22 Washinqton Square. New York. N. Y.2 -D*^iKo-C--OUR NEW TWO-BUTTON SUITfor the man who desires slimmer linesand a slightly more tailored lookFor almost two years wc have been working to develop and perfect this good-looking new model. Itscreation was dictated by the considerable numberof present and potential Brooks Brothers customerswho have broader, squarer shoulders and fullerchest than average.The two-button jacket is more suppressed at thewaist and smaller over the hips... the trousers, too,are cut somewhat smaller in the waist and seat. Theresult is a suit— made by our own expert tailors—that has trimmer lines and a more tailored appearance than has been available heretofore. In unfinished and clear-finished worsteds, in greys, bluesand fancy patterns ... and in navy serge or oxfordgrey flannel. Coat, vest and trousers. from $ 1 35ESTABLISHED 1818WMt wvtAtyBen* {furnishing, $$ats echoes74 E. MADISON ST., NEAR MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO 2, ILL.NEW YORK • BOSTON • PITTSBURGH • SAN FRANCISCO • l.OS ANGELESTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"ULYSSES IN NIGHTTOWN" BY JAMES JOYCE, AS PRESENTED BY UNIVERSITY THEATRE IN MANDEL HALL FOR THECONFERENCEMIDWESTBURGESS MEREDITH AND ZERO MOSTEL READ FROM "ULYSSES IN NIGHTTOWN" DURING THEIR EVENING PERFORMANCE IN HUTCHINSON COURTTHEATREd'rector of university theatre and conference coordinator william alton (second from right)With the second city companySEPTEMBER, 1961A MIDWEST THEATRE CONFERENCEwas held on the quadrangles August4-6« Its title and themes "Dialog: theAmerican Theatre Todays "Contributing were major figures from the professional theatre — producer-directorHarold Clurman, designer Jo Mielzi-ner, and actors Burgess Meredith andZero Mostel; men from the academicworld — philosopher Kenneth Burke,University of Chicago sociologistReuel Denney, psycho-analyst Charles Kligerman, and University of Chicago art historian Joshua Taylor; andpractitioners on the local theatricalscene — producer Carl Stohn of DruryLane Theatre and Mary Carrell ofWestern Springs Community Theatre* Also participating were drama reviewers from the Chicago daily new-papers and columnist Irv Kupcinet*Examples of theatre presented: threeplays, two cabaret skits and a reading*Following (through page 13) are someof the highlights of the Conference:THEATRE: PROBLEM CHILDA CONVERSATIONCOMMERCIAL THEATRE ON BROADWAY ANDEVEN THE MOST MODEST OFF-BROADWAY THEATRE ARE HAVING SERIOUS FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES. WHAT'S WRONG WITH BROADWAYTODAY? ANSWERING THIS AND OTHER QUES-TONS ARE SOCIOLOGY PROFESSOR REUEL DENNEY AND PRODUCER-DIRECTOR HAROLDCLURMAN:CLURMAN: Well, all I can say is one of the thingswrong with the American theatre is that Chicago iswaiting to see what will happen in New York.DENNEY: We don't have to think of it as peculiarto two cities. Think also of the national scene, thecreation and breaking down and reconstituting of audiences. The city tends to break down in its old formand the suburbs develop. The old audiences breakdown and mass media hits the new ones in new ways.I think that we re talking only about New York and Chicago as the important showcases. We miss someimportant points if we dont see the national audienceproblem.DO YOU FAVOR A SUBSIDIZED NATIONALTHEATRE SUCH AS HAS BEEN DISCUSSED INWASHINGTON?CLURMAN: We need six national theatres, not onenational theatre. I would like to see — I dont care hoWit's established, by the states or cities or wealthy people— bust I'd like to see a theatre situated in Chicago,another one in San Francisco, another one in Boston,another one in New Orleans, another one perhaps inSt. Louis. And they all move around, you see. Andthat these six theatres be just examples of what thetheatre can be to a lot of other places which havetheir own theatres. Every kind of community has tohave some kind of theatre always!BUT, YOU DON'T EXCLUDE THE GOVERNMENT . .CLURMAN: Oh, I dont exclude any idea of givingmoney to theatre or artists in general. We are alwaysglad to have that. I just am rather skeptical at themoment of money being given by the federal government in the near future — if you ask money from thefederal government, somebody in Florida or Oklahomais going to say why should our tax payers pay for atheatre that's going to be in the sinful city of NeWYork or that more sinful city of Chicago. And thelarger you make the canvas, the more difficult theproblem becomes. There's a tendency in our countryto shift the emphasis to something else. Now you'retalking about a federal theatre. That's in Washington,you see. There are a lot of people there, they're verybusy, with a number of other things besides the theatre,and they don't seem to be able to get any further withmost of their troubles than we get in the theatre withour problems. So, I would like to see a thousand Chi-cagoans or ten thousand Chicagoans with money thatthey want to give away. Give away — not invest! Wehave to change our thinking. One of the changes I canexemplify with an anecdote. Billy Rose once said thathe'd like to take over the Metropolitan because hethought it shameful in New York, that the Metropolitan— the great opera house, the Metropolitan — should belosing 200 thousand dollars a year. Imagine such athing — 200 thousand dollars a year lost! It is shameful.And he wanted to know why this should be. And Ifelt like answering him (but I never got a chance,except here), "It's shameful that they only lost 200thousand dollars. Because if they want to have a realopera house and New York can afford it, they shouldlose a half a million!" But we shouldn't crow at losingbecause when I give a party for 25 friends, I don't sayI had a party for 25 friends last night and I lost $200.The theatre's a gift, the theatre is a communion, thetheatre is part of our expression; it's like saying don topen your mouth unless you've got subsidy.Look, every year a bunch of people, of our philanthropists, are losing money. Hundreds of thousands ordollars. (Incidentally, I think they're terrific philanthropists! ) When they put on "Juno and the Pay cockas a musical comedy and it loses 400 thousand dollars,4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthese arc idiots. And why are they idiots: not becauseflley put money in the play, but because they putmoney in it in the hope of making money! They shouldhave said, "Look, is this a good idea, we'll pay, nomatter how much money it loses." But they put moneyin in order to make money! The theatre isn't madefor making money. One should have success— thatmeans one should please one's audience. And oneshould have an audience, big as possible! If it makesmoney, then you put that money into other productions.You found a theatre. You spread the activity as faras you can. I am saying (very extravagantly I know,and not only in extravagant manner but extravagantm content; but this is what I like because, my God!at least in discussing let's be brave!), if I'm not goingta get the philanthropists, at least I'm going to tell themwhat I want.^ENNEY: You make it sound rather as though wehave a national government that's incompetent to getthis kind of a job done. I agree with most of the thingsyou say, but there's an implication that we have anational government and its state relationships whichmake it impossible.CLURMAN: Use the word unwilling, not incompetent;unwilling as far as arts are concerned. Has it ever reallybeen considered? Subsidizing the arts? Why is it inEurope there is no question when it comes to nationalsubsidy or regional theatre. Isn't our whole attitudetoward the arts that they're something not quite virile,n°t quite American?PENNEY: Perfectly true, but that analysis overlooksthe actual very very large amounts of money which arecommitted every year by the Federal government forsuch highly artistic productions as better flower gardensin back of the farmers' wives' houses and so on! Letme remind you, Senator Douglas of Illinois has a budget01 thousand dollars for secretarial services alone tomeet the correspondence of the people of Illinois whowrite him for all kinds of basically artistic requests.Now if this kind of relationship can exist betweenlocal and responsible self government with relation toFederal funds, it certainly can in other fields too.I don't want us to admit that we're so administrativelyincompetent that we can't work in this direction.CLURMAN: Reuel Denney, whom I love very much,has persuaded me. I am willing to accept a FederalTheatre. I'm even willing to talk to Mr. Kennedy, hiscabinet and even some of the Congressmen about thesubject.KN'T THE BASIC PROBLEM OF THE AMERICAN THEATRE REALLY ITS AUDIENCE?DENNEY: I disagree, on this ground at any rate.Suppose you take the TV audience. It has grown uprapidly at least since the early 1940's. Like any otheraudience for a new art form, the original audience tendsby income or interest or some other factor to have akind of competence and be critical about the mediumbut as this evolves into a social habit and a way offilling time, the audience is widely extended. There'sno doubt that larger and larger numbers of peoplewith less and less training for making critical judgments become involved. Therefore when you sayto an audience that it should be making demands onmanagers of the medium to do better things, at thesame time that audience is enlarging in size, you createa paradox. I don't know the answer to it, but I wouldput a little bit more weight on the responsibility of themanagement. Just because a lot of people like to watchWesterns, doesn't mean we should have 23 Westernson television this past season. The minority has avery important view to be considered.CLURMAN: By the way, this is a little esoteric, butit's the heart of a point that Reuel made. When I talkabout good theatre (if I ever talk about good theatrebecause I talk about theatre) . . . when I talk aboutgood theatre or good movies, I don't mean good theatreis Shakespeare, Shaw, Pirandello and those bums! Farcecan be good, low comedians can be good, trivia canbe good, decoration can be good, nonsense can be good,all of these can be good. And by the way the excellence can be very pure on the level of the low comedians. In circuses, there are good circus clowns, andthere are bad circus clowns and what is terrible is notthat we have too many comedians or too few or Westerns. For instance, John Ford made a Western calledStagecoach which I thought was excellent— far betterthan a lot of problem plays that I see. Don't thinkthat good theatre is something solemn, painful, depressing. NO! Not even a tragedy has the right to be solemn.All you have to be sure of is that the best qualities ofhuman expression are contained in whatever you offerthe public. And this is something that requires a littlebit of thought, a little bit of sensitivity, a little bit ofeducation and a kind of cleansing of our minds andsensibilities which has to be universal. And start righthere and now with the people you're talking to. I wentto Harvard and lectured to a class— 300 people packedin a laboratory, a chemical laboratory which was alsoa drama class— and they were all highly educatedpeople presumably— or hoping to be— at Harvard. Andwhen I asked how many people here go to the theatre,SEPTEMBER, 1961 5there were only 25 percent of that class going to thetheatre. I said you fellows better start with burlesque.For a real appreciation of theatre, there's no use yourreading Shakespeare — you don't know anything aboutit. And the longer you take courses in it the less you'llknow about it.I find people reading reviews instead of books —getting information about things — most people wouldrather hear about God than meet Him. All the villainyof our time and all the villainy of all people does notexist somewhere out there, it exists here in this room.It exists in me, it exists in all of us.DENNEY: This is a little flip, but it's a yarn abouta midwestern university professor who went away forfour weeks on a grant, so he left his lectures on tapefor his class, one for each week. However, he cameback on the third week, and he walked into his classroom and all was going just as he expected: the tapewas there handing out his lecture. But there werethirteen tape recorders listening to it.CLURMAN: Now that they have a machine to talkto you, now you have a machine to hear you, and everything is somehow impersonal. I say everything ispersonal; it must not stop being personal.AGAIN, ISN'T THE BASIC PROBLEM OF THEAMERICAN THEATRE ITS AUDIENCE?CLURMAN: You have to have a function, and thereis a function in the theatre and it is an important function and a vital function. That's the first thing to getacross and after that make people realize what thatfunction is and make them realize it by putting ongood plays. By stimulating people, show that theyhave an appetite for this thing. A White Russian toldme that when he was in Russia in 1919, there was realstarvation, cold, hunger, and he had a few rubles andhe had to make a choice as to whether he was goingto eat something that resembled a steak or go to hear"Boris Godunov" at the opera. He went to "Boris," perhaps don't have now, was a real human necessity'When we understand what man is and what he realtyneeds outside of the television— by the way, every timeI look at the television commercials, I shudder becauseof the picture of humanity it gives me, of how dirtt)it is, how sick it is: the things going into your stomad1and things that will clean your stomach. I am horrifiedand I look around the room and I say of the peoplewatching, "Take these filthy bugs out of here becausethey're human beings."The dignity of man, the potential of man, is whatwe should be talking about, not abstractions about thenational purposes. People say, alright, you take careof the national purpose and I'm going to have a steak."Go to the burlesque shows, because I know what youboys are doing," I said, "I know you're all readingWinchell." That time Winchell was a big, big manin the paper, he was a big man in television, he wastelling people what was going to happen. It was around1949 and there was going to be a war in 1950. He ha"it from the horse's mouth. I don't know which horse ^was, an American horse or a Soviet horse, but he knevvwhat was going to happen. And I said I know all °you people listen to Winchell. How many do— 85 percent—I said, why, why, do you listen, does he knoWpolitics, does he know history, does he know English-'Why this kind of stuff? Because they'd lost respect torthemselves. Those boys weren't having a good tuneat college. They weren't having a good time anywhere-because they'd depersonalized themselves out of an;kind of existence that I can respect. And this is why itsso hard to take things to Congress: first you know, thenyou saij to all the people — and get the Congress late ¦I'll talk to anybody all the time; I'm extremely vociferous as you may have noticed. And one thing ''vociferous about is the theatre but not because »pretty, not even because it's an art, not because itentertaining — although it's all of these things — but because it's a necessity. It's part of expression, like thesenot because he was an idealist, but because he thoughtthat his need for it under those conditions of sufferingwas greater even than a steak. And they told me thatin Russia at a certain production which I did see ofa light, frivolous, frothy thing by an 18th centuryauthor, was produced in Russia where there wasstarvation and cold in the theatre, but on the stagesomehow or other they'd silks and satins, beautifulcolors, everybody wearing evening dress, being extremely snobbish, and the audiences ate it up. Theyfound that this dream of a good life, of an easylife that they weren't to have for many years, and conversations we have are part of expression. It's nosomething remote, acting isn't a remote thing, paintingisn't something made for museums, concerts arenmade for advertisements for Van Cliburn. These arepart of something which we don't recognize which ihas much what we need as our food. I don't even wanto call it spiritual food; it's a physical food becausdid you ever see a man who didn't read, didn't listen,didn't speak, didn't feel, didn't think? Did you evefsee such a man? I haven't and by the way, their n)itnf?eis far greater among the educated class than we'd l*to suppose! *THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZlN^DRAMA CRITIC AND PHILOSOPHER KENNETH BURKE DEALS WITH A PHILOSOPHY°F LIFE BASED ON DRAMA, A THEORYOF DRAMA IN GENERAL, AND A THEORY°F FORM CALLED "DRAMATISM:"The theory of classical form with which I began tothink of drama was a theory of form, as the arousingand fulfilling of expectations in the audience. That is,form in literature is an arousing and fulfilling of desires:°ne part of a work leads the reader to anticipate anotherPart and to be gratified by the sequence. This notionof fulfilling of desires can also be heated as fulfillingexpectations because one or the other of those termswill bring out one or another aspect of that problem.Now I'll develop the implications of that terminologyalong three lines— first, what I call categorical expectations: things that you'll expect of a play or of any artform even before you hear anything happening. Oneof the best spots I've found to illustrate that is in Words-Worth's "Preface to Lyrical Ballads," where he says,} will not take it upon me to determine the exact'mport of the promise which by the act of writing inversean author in the present day makes to his reader,but I'm certain it will appear to many persons that Ihave not fulfilled the terms of an engagement thusvoluntarily contracted." That is, he was offering a kindot poetry which readers of poetry at that time wouldn°t accept as poetry and wouldn't expect as poetry, andSo therefore he realized he was in a sense violating acontract, violating a categorical expectation on the part°t the audience or a conventional form. A conventional*°rm and categorical expectation are the same thing.Unce an expectation of that sort has been violated it'sPossible for the artist by his later authority to transformJ- mto an accepted convention. This we do now withw°rdsworth's poetry— and this, as you know, happensj*.gain and again in history where a violation of conven-•onal form later becomes a new convention of its own.The other two aspects of this same principle are thef'lciple of development, which I call progressive0rm— the way in which you so line up the (to useAristotle's terms) "complication" of a drama, that itea«s inevitably to the denouement. The inevitable step(.^°m a to b to c to d, that's the principle of progressive But the most important of all is the principle ofrepetitive form; repetitive form is the maintenance ofinternal consistency. For instance in so far as a givencharacter in a drama continues to act in character sothat everything he does fits with his particular identity,the principle of repetitive form prevails. Any overallattitude or mood or style or design such as blank verseor heroic couplets are examples of repetitive form.Obviously the rules of Racinian drama will be quitedifferent from the kinds of expectancy that you getin reading a play or hearing a play by Ionesco.David Hume lays a great emphasis on this principleof expectation as a way of establishing our sense ofreality and reason in life. He points out that youcouldn't by logic figure out that if you let go of a heavyobject it would fall. You learn from experience toexpect that sort of happening. If every moment in lifewere totally different, if there were no patterns, thenyou would not be able to anticipate the next moment,therefore your idea of a reasonable world could notarise. So, you see, I have a rather nice way of gettingfrom a purely formal principle in drama to a principlein life and I think it offers me a chance to answer acertain type of critic, who might take this theory ofdramatism as a mere analogizing from drama. Thistheory is just as literally true of life itself as il is ofdramatic form— life itself has form only in so far asyou can get a sense of expectancy, and life becomesunreal, and puzzling, and disarrayed when we do nothave any way of expecting the next event.A THEORY OF LIFE itself, a theory of dramatism natur-rally stresses the word action. And so I build the wholephilosophy by hearing out the implications of that term,action. In the course of that, I worked up five keyterms Those terms are: act, scene, agent, agency,purpose. I originally thought of those words, in a ratherlame way as just connected by and. The ideal connection is "therefore." (A secondary one that we get alongwith pretty well in this world is however.) Youcan't have an act (what is done) without a scene inMEMBER, 1961 7which the act takes place; you can't have a scenewithout an agent, an actor who does the act; and theagent can't act unless he has some means, agencies withwhich to act and there isn't such a thing as an actunless it has a purpose. I later added a half term, youmight say: attitude, because it fits better to handle thelyric. Attitude is an incipient act, as, if I have anattitude of kindness, that's on the way to doing a kindact. And in analyzing the lyric and applying my drama-tistic theory to the lyric, I found that I needed thisterm attitude particularly because a lyric is just thestriking of an attitude, that's all it is. Fortunately formy purposes, one of the grandest lyrics, Keats' Ode ona Grecian Urn, actually calls the urn which stands forpoetry, "fair attitude."The next thing I noted is this: for instance, considerthe scene-act ratio and it's pretty obvious that the quality of the act will respond to the quality of the scene. Inother words if a dramatist is producing an act of agitation of some sort, he will have a situation, a scenicelement which motivates this situation, this agitation; so that you have a natural relation between ascene and act whereby your dramatist builds up thekind of situation which will call for a correspondingkind of act. You see the obvious dramatistic consistencyof this in life itself if you consider the decisions of theSupreme Court in which they'll say, well, this is anemergency situation, therefore we're allowed to use anemergency measure. There's a perfect example of ascene-act ratio, a situation of a certain sort, an actof a corresponding sort.The other major one for our present purposes is theagent-act ratio. In other words, in so far as a personacts in character he is exemplifying an agent-act ratio.On this subject Hume actually says, "We must nothowever expect that this uniformity of human actionsshould be carried to such a length that all men inthe same circumstances will always act precisely inthe same manner, without making any allowance forthe diversity of characters, prejudices and opinions.Such a uniformity in every particular is found inno part of nature. On the contrary, from observingthe variety of conduct in different men, we are unableto form a greater variety of maxims which still supposea degree of uniformity and irregularity."Now, you'll notice the scene-act ratio has an interesting development, that is, if I change the scope ofthat act, the circumference of that scene, I change theinterpretation of the act. For instance, the act occursin a scene of a great system of many gods, who arewarring among themselves, and I have one kind ofact. If I think of this act as done against the backgroundof one god, to whom I must justify myself, it's anotherkind of act. If I think of this act as done against apurely naturalistic background without any gods, it'sanother kind of act. Or it might be just an act in oneparticular time and place and I get my motives fromthat particular situation. Every time I change thescope or circumference of the scene. I correspondinglychange the interpretation of that act.This is the ultimate implementation of this notionof the ratios, the scene-act ratio. You see how tremendously important this is in form because you immedi-CONCLUDED ON PAGE 20 THEATRE: DESIGN FORNATION-WIDE GROWTH"IN THE WORLD OF THE THEATRE I THINK WESHOULD BE LIKE JOSHUA OF OLD: WE MUSTCOMMAND THE SUN, THE MOON AND THESTARS AND THEY MUST STAND STILL/' DESIGNERFOR THE THEATRE, JO MIELZINER HERE GIVESSOME SUGGESTIONS TO AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL JOSHUAS FOR THE SURVIVAL ANDGROWTH OF THE THEATRE BOTH ON BROADWAY AND ON MAIN STREET:My subject is not the most important thing about thetheatre; in fact, the only important thing about thetheatre is a really good play well played. Now this canexist under a tree outdoors, it can exist in a room withterrible acoustics, it can exist in a room with poorlighting, it can exist in a schoolroom, or in a commercialtheatre that has everything wrong with it technically-And yet good theatre deserves a proper setting, and 1use the word setting not as the setting backstage butthe setting of the audience and the actor.AMERICAN PROFESSIONAL theatre is very much like ahermit crab. It's born without a home and it hurriedlyseeks a shell that's been left by some previous tenant.And regardless of the shape or size or convenience, #crawls in and lives out its life in this shell. Actuallythis is what happens on Broadway; this is what happens when a Broadway play comes to Chicago or anyother city. We're put into shells which are horriblebuildings. And they always were, and in looking intohow they were conceived, I find that the architectsthat were called in to do theatres in 1890, 1900, all theway up to 1920 let's say, for the most part were notsecond, they were third-rate architects; they were hacksto begin with. They had no knowledge; no experience;they were called in by clients who were really interested only in real estate speculation. And, it's no wonderthat they took a dim imitation of a continental operahouse and blew it up in size. The client had expensiveland; he wanted to have not 600 seats but 6000 seats.So everything was blown up too big out front, far toosmall backstage.When universities started building theatres at theturn of the century, quite a different thing happened.Some first-rate architects were brought in; but nothinghappened to professional theatre until today. I'm glaclto say, that groups are now forming, and are actuallyat work in Washington, New York, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, with big community projects, art centers, with8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEdance theatres, with opera theatres, concert halls, andrepertory theatres.Now, when the Lincoln Center for the PerformingArts was being organized, Mr. Rockefeller decided tohave a conference of experts to discuss what livingtheatre should be like. Unfortunately (I don't knowwhether it was his idea) the conference ended upas a group of 40 or 50 experts from all over the worldand only about two or three of them from America. AndI was rather shocked at this, even though I was flatteredto be among the two or three.MY PLEA WHEN I was asked to talk was to recognizesomething which I think is very essential to all kindsof theatre. It's the thing that makes living theatre,always living. It's the difference between the theatreand the motion picture, television, radio and tomorrow'smechanical means. These are all legitimate art forms,but when it comes to living theatre, we. should analyzethe qualities that none of these other mediums cantouch. And when we push that quality, when we stressthat, the living theatre is exciting. When we imitatefilms, when we imitate television, when we imitate thecamera, when we become too realistic, we fail, becausethese other mediums can do it so much better.Now the other thing that's an essential to me abouttheatre is the fact that attending the theatre is a communal experience. You as audience have a relationship,first from the actor, and then immediately, in a matterof thousandths of a second, you have a reaction to andbom your neighbors; your direct neighbor and thethousands or 1500 people that are around you. Something happens emotionally, physically, temperature —the very fact that body temperature rises with emotion.The response to the actor is greatly conditioned bydistance, because theatre is seeing, hearing and feeling.And distance here lends no enchantment. Before I spokeat this conference three years ago I did a few experiments with my staff, on something which could neverhe an exact figure — on how far away you can see anactor well (really see him well). We went to abouttwenty different New York theatres watching differentkinds of performances. Within the first couple of daysI realized that this was a very complex experimentbecause not only the kind of a play was significant.Obviously the seeing enjoyment for a face like EthelMerman's was twice the distance as was appreciationof her gestures which are broad, vigorous, vital andher voice compared to that of some more delicate,subtle actress.We found that somewhere around 65 feet is thecritical point in live theatre. When you went beyond that, you lost too many expressions, particularly insubtle light. Suppose you have a mood scene — twopeople in love talking in a corner of a moonlit garden-yes, you've got to give the illusion of darkness, butyou've got to have enough light to project them.In the theatre that Eero Saarinen and I are designing for Lincoln Center we were urged in thebeginning to have as many seats as we could. I thinkit's a credit to the directors that when we finally cameto them after many, many studies and many plans, andsaid we can not get more than 1100 seats into thistheatre without going beyond 65 feet, they went alongwith us.We had to do some very strange innovations. Onething— I took ground plans of plays and operas andballets I'd done (I've got blueprints of 240 or 250 plays )and I picked out 30 or 40 of the most interesting legitimate plays. On the ground plan I made a little tracingof where the important scenes were played or wherethe great song was sung. And then I superimposed allthese plans on one sheet of paper. I found that thisplan consisted of a flat triangle about 10 or 12 feetdeep. Where actors worked and where audiences couldsee them and where instinct led an actor was downclose to the audience — in that triangle. So I said tomyself, let's flip this triangle forward and use twotriangles, so we have a parallelogram — which is notparticularly handsome. So I said let's swing our fore-stage out on an arch to include this. And, I discoveredI was doing something that had been done for centuries.We really went back to Greek theatre, not only tohaving a forestage, but immediately our seating becamea perfect Greek seating. And, we decided we'd haveeach row stepped up a full half-head above the nextone. Now in the final analysis we had to make compromises — it's not perfect, but that was the approach.However, there are a lot of traditions in theatredesign which are really meaningless. Forms like theatre-in-the-round are very legitimate and also very old, buthave limitations. I personally feel that theatre-in-the-round would never have become popular in this countryhad it not been a wonderful economic answer, ananswer to a group that needed a theatre, but couldn'tbuild a traditional theatre. It certainly has the preciousintimacy, but there are other forms which provide thesame intimacy, like the open stage, with the audienceon three sides, which to me is preferable. There arecertain plays that lose, and lose very seriously, in havingto have an audience on all four sides.Moreover, theatre too often tries to ape Broadway.And, we fail on Broadway when we try to ape Hollywood. Off-Broadway, which I think was a very valuableSEPTEMBER, 1961experience for New York to have, is failing for tworeasons, I think. It is trying to copy Broadway. It's soenvious of Broadway — too many people are only working so they can get on Broadway instead of workingfor small theatre because there is something that Broadway hasn't got.Another thing is the protective organizations. I'mtalking about my union as well as stage hands', theauthors' league, the dramatists' guild, and directors'organizations, all these groups. And everybody belongsto one. They are protective of the individuals anddestructive of the theatre.IN THE LINCOLN CENTER Theatre the directors, Whitehead and Kazan, and the board of directors begged usto have at least two approaches of relationship betweenthe audience and the stage. They said, have one that'san advance thrust so that an actor could really workout with an audience on three sides, and another wherethe actor stays at least within the confines of an advanceforestage. (It's far from being a conventional theatre,the forestage is 15 feet out beyond the line of theproscenium and in order to gain this I have taken thefire curtain and curved it so it comes out in a sweep,so that a turntable or a wagon that brings the sceneryforward can be right behind that curtain.)This little matter of having two approaches to theaudience and to the stage is costing 400 thousanddollars! We've put the first eight rows on a hugeelevator. Each director of each play will determinethe shape of the forestage he wants, a star-shaped stage,or a runway that comes out like a Japanese runwayand then stops and goes through a trap, or any shapethat the play demands. The elevator takes the fore-stage and all the seats on it down underneath to aturntable in the third level below and it turns aroundand brings up a second seating arrangement whichgives us additional— I think 40 or 50 additional— seats.In the Lincoln Center, when we got through themain theatre design, the director said, we want awonderful rehearsal room. Go back and dream upwhat you feel actors should have. We wanted a roomthat had height, that had fresh air, that had a coolingsystem in the summer, that had a good floor to danceon, that had a stage that was elevated at one end sothe actor could feel even in rehearsal that he hadthat relationship to the audience; decent lighting, thatwouldn't be that awful glare of work lights, enoughillumination and change of color so you could gothrough a final run-through and give a sense of performance. And as I started working on this rehearsalroom, the size got larger and larger. Kazan finally said,let's at least have the size of the working part of thestage, and that was 38 feet wide and we had about25 feet of depth; and then Whitehead said, well, nowlet's see that the director doesn't have to stand righton top of them. Let him get away a bit and maybehave 75 or 100 seats so you could bring some peoplein for a run-through. This gradually built up and Isuddenly realized we were designing a theatre.I got together with Saarinen and out of it came,I think, one of the most exciting forms that I've everrun into. We call it a Forum. It consists of the magic under-300-seats (299 seats) because of equity andunion reasons. It's steeply pitched like an amphitheatrein an operating room. It's got a stage that has a thrustwith entrances from the audience, from the sides, andfrom the vomitory at a 45 degree angle, and m thatvomitory I've got a segment of a huge circle; it's a six-foot segment of a floor moving on a belt. It swings outinto the stage and goes under the audience so thatwhen you have a scene where you must have a sofaand a chair, they are brought on this treadmill. Butit's flush with the stage so the actors can work veryeasily with it.Now to keep this design from going overboard— #looked overboard already— we said, let's have no curtains, no scenery, everything fireproof. By having nocurtains, I hope we'll judge it as a reading room ratherthan a theatre. We have screens that are made otaluminum wire which close in if you want to haveintimacy. The whole back wall is acoustical cycloramaon which you project the mood of the scene, so writingwill be very flexible and you'll use props and lights andcostumes, and only those props that actors can handlethemselves, or something that comes on the belt.Now what are the results? We now have a programfor this room which means a young playwright canbrings a script in to Whitehead or Kazan; it's a veryintriguing script, it's got enormous promise; but, noproducer on Broadway could possibly risk 100 thousanddollar production on it. In this Forum we can do aproduction of that play, maybe for a budget of $200 or$300 or $500.With our flexibility, we can give performances maybetwice, three times a day, we can have Saturday morningmatinees or midnight subscriptions to readings or performances of plays that only certain classes of peoplewould be interested in— a very intellectual play or avery sophisticated play that you wouldn't expose toan ordinary audience. This is not only a rehearsal room,this is a place where theatre can live very inexpensively-Now it seems to me this idea would be wonderfulfor universities and communities, wonderful becausenot only can you do things on an undergraduate oramateur level, but even bring in pros because this isnot a theatre you have to apologize for. I don't getaround to colleges, I don't get around to communitycenters. On the other hand, I think too many people mcommunity centers don't get around to our theatre.We are separated not by any real facts. We're separatedby lack of communication. Now the communicationI would like to recommend, I've already recommendedto Mr. Rockefeller, and the Lincoln Center people—is that at a place like the Forum, we not only do thingsthere but when we hear of a group in San Franciscothat's done a wonderful experimental play, we invitethem to put that play on in our theatre. We have agroup in Chicago, we have a group in Des Moines, wehave a group in New Orleans, and by moving our productions around, going out and exchanging— if we doit on the basis of a very simple theatre of this sort-—there'd be none of the economic problem of heavyproductions; there'd be a sense of sharing experiences.I feel that this is going to be an enormous openingwedge to an acquaintance that is long overdue. ¦10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETHEATRE: THEAS A SOCIOLOGIST INTERESTED IN THE MARKETFOR LEISURE IN THE ARTS, REUEL DENNEY COMMENTS ON THE SOURCES OF OUR FLOURISHINGCOMMUNITY THEATRES AND THE PROSPECTSFOR THEM IN THE YEARS TO COME:It is only in this century in the United States that asmall college and other public buildings have beenApplied with an auditorium designed from the begin-Illng to function also as a theatre. This is quite understandable due to the social history of the United States.When a good promoter proposed to erect a theatre'n Boston before the Civil War, (the theatre that laterbecame the old Howard Burlesque House, and is justnow being torn down to make room for new $195Middle-income flats in Boston) the operator designedthis theatre with stained glass windows and dubbedJ* a lyceum. A theatre could not be known as atheatre in Boston at that time any more than lowerJ'mbs could be known as legs. And the idea ofequipping a pUblic school building— including a secondary school building— with a deliberately designedtheatre in most of the 19th century would have beenregarded more as a scandal than as what currentCl"itics of Dewey would consider frill. Until fairlyrecently in American life the dramatic art had beenassigned to an occupational group existing at thepge of respectability, and the participation of the|0cal community itself in theatrical presentation tookhe form generally of non-dramatic or non-theatricalPerformances— sermons, lectures, parades, pageants,and fire musters.JF ONE WERE TO begin with the present and lookbackward a few years, one might associate the wholegrowth of community theatre and of the home-growndrts> with tendencies in American life that are foundJ a variety of spheres. In the first place, a generally"creased attention to the arts, and the interpretingj we performing arts in particular as modes of psychological reorganization, refreshment and self-develop-\tn?\ PeoPle are told that work in the amateur dramawui be good for their personalities. Particularly, we[e told, theatre offers people who are in states of'ass mobility, for example, an opportunity to unserious-> try out roles that they have not tried before: toSEPTEMBER, 1961 pretend they are older than they are, to pretend theyare of different origins than they are, to pretend theyhave different ambitions than they have.What we do have today is a society organizedmuch more fully in terms of welfare floors in whichcompetition is muted, a society which is very largelycentrally controlled on non-competitive principles. Asmore and more people recognize that it's not necessarily possible to effect the world or to manipulatethe world, to express one's situation in it is becomingan increasing value for Americans. Consider that thereare fewer and fewer jobs and situations and roles inthe American scene in which one is allowed to doanything particular in which the results are particularlyclear. If this is true, community theatres are situatedright in the main road, right in the main road of asociety which has had to move from these other areasof activity, essentially realistic, essentially literal, essentially economistic, essentially physicalist, over intoareas which are distinctly noneconomistic, noncompetitive, not literal, but imaginative, figurative, fictional,make-believe.Now, there are some people in the American socialstructure who are naturally recruited to the communitytheatre and there are some who are not. And thereare some kinds of individuals coming from certainkinds of family organization who are naturally recruitedfor the community theatre and there are those whoare not. These have changed over the last 25 or 30years and I would like to suggest to you what I11¦ill: "¦:$$£M1W&k ''"" \wKr'¦-" Wm*4*»*. «, m I ~-:fll:i^ %¦ WeWi W !%Nv^^S ^H&?^S»&fl^Hfi^lpw^smBuild with the carefree beauty of stainless steel1 7\>T=i^' Handsome appliances and gleaming counter tops that staybright and are so easy to wipe clean . . .even the kitchen sink becomes a thing of beauty when it is made of shining stainless steel—the useful metal that was developed after years of research.Whether you're building or remodeling, stainless steel givesa lifetime of value . . . saves many dollars in upkeep. You cannow have gutters and downspouts that are almost indestructiblebecause they won't rust or rot. And the strength of stainlessmakes possible door and window screening so fine you hardlyknow it's there.The secret of stainless steel lies in chromium— one of manyindispensable alloying metals developed by Union Carbide. Theyare typical of the hundreds of basic materials created throughresearch by the people of Union Carbide in metals, as well ascarbons, chemicals, gases, plastics and nuclear energy.See the "Atomic Energy in Action" Exhibit at the new Union Carbide Building in New York FREE: Find out how stainless steelenhances the value of your home-Write for "Carefree Living wit"Stainless Steel" Booklet T-f><>-Union Carbide Corporation,270 Park Avenue, New York 1 7,N. Y. In Canada, Union CarbideCanada Limited, Toronto....a hand.in things to come12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthink the changes have been and what the originalbasis was on which the changes were made.Roughly speaking, if you take the social organization°f the middle class in the United States, those who onthe one hand depend on their own skills expressedthrough a profession such as law or medicine, those onthe other hand who inherit a small property stake,an automobile agency or a store or something ofthat sort, although the incomes of these people tendto resemble each other and though their houses tendto resemble each other and many of their values tendto resemble each other, you will find they're ratherdifferent people.Participation in the theatre, the community theatre,is a function of the relationship that the person feelsbetween personality and capital. If you look at acounty seat which hasn't been growing any fasterthan any other town in its region or similar towns ofits size, you'll find that part of the major social functions of that community are naturally attended to bya considerable hereditary merchant class — the hardware man, the fellow who runs the garage, the fellowWho runs the brick and kiln works, the lumberman,and so on, and that unless this town is economicallydynamic in the sense that the federal government issupporting a lot of grain subsidies in the area orsomebody is building a new electronics plant in theneighborhood, the general attitude of this group ofPeople is conservative. It tends to use its money byreinvestment in local real estate, it tends to protect^self from public scrutiny by doing its job, by going tochurch, by doing the right thing, by not involving itselfin any very odd-ball or progressive adventures aboutthe town. And if the town is falling behind in relativeeconomic growth, these people can be so conservativethat they won t add a dollar investment in their owntown to create a new job because their main interestis in the money in the till. These people are not thekind of people who started community theatre in theUnited States although they are the kind of peoplewho later on have become involved.> By and large the indications of the research thatIve done is that the theatres were formed by people^hose middle class identity was established not bythe inheritance of property — a conservative attitudetoward capital, but by people who depended on theirMedical school degrees, or their law school degrees0r their involvement in some kind of service center,and who, in a sense, were partly engaged in a cultureWar with the merchants and traders of the area. Theytended to come to the town as people from outside.SO, IN GENERAL I would say that in the 1930's anoriginal playful form which has been developed largelyby an upper middle class with time on its handsbecame fully controlled, occupied, sought after bythis professional middle class and it naturally founda series of social allies in people who liked the democ-racy of the theatre. Finally the merchant middleclass has given in and joined. And I think one of the^ore intellectual problems of this kind of a socialvictory is what are you going to do with it nowthat you have it. Secondly the nature of the community theatre hasbeen changed by two social changes in the UnitedStates since World War I which have to do with theorganization of the family, and with the organizationof age roles of the children and adults. By and largeno spouses will be involved in community theatreunless both spouses are interested in and economicallyand socially free to be interested in it, but occasionallyone spouse can be interested and the other doesn'tneed to be. Moreover, now the family has a historyof being involved in this activity rather than regardingit either as a form of mental therapy for themselvesand the young on the one hand or as baby sitting onthe other, or as maybe some kind of a road to socialmobility in the case of the little girl who looks asthough she can tap dance now but might be KatherineCornell later on.Compared to other voluntary organizations outsideof the family and industry, the American communitytheatre — although it may not look that way to peoplewho feel afraid to involve themselves with it — is probably a much more equalitarian institution than mostother voluntary associations. I've heard of towns inwhich there's not only a Monday Book Club, but aTuesday Book Club, a Wednesday Book Club and aThursday Book Club, the order of social prestige depending on the earliest day of the week that the bookclub meets. Existing in the democracy of art as wellas the aristocracy of art, existing in a situation inwhich pretense is minimized by all the artistic andpsychological problems of trying to do a good job witha play, the community theatre can not be one of thevulgarly folksy, companionable and conformist institutions in American communities.I'm going to conclude in looking at present developments in the theatre which are related to present developments in American social structure. As the moresignificant and imaginative frontier of American society(I can include myself I think) we say, we've solvedour economic and personal problems; the problem nowis how to wear a shirt that one likes and see a playone likes, be able if one is an amateur musician tofind a score that one likes, to make a whole series ofdiscriminations that in my opinion the enlightenedfounders of our nation a generation and a half agowanted us to be able to make. And furthermore, Ithink we are forced by the nature of our lives to doall kinds of things that we're interested in, care passionately about, that we wouldn't want to do anythingelse than, and to give these things other names thanthe names we give to them ourselves because that'sthe nature of the society.I am suggesting we're all involved in this at differentlevels of the game. The wonderful thing about thework of the community theatre is its belief in the worldof fiction, the world of possibility, the whole terrifyingand comic process of the idea of an impersonation, ofan acting out of a make believe. The communitytheatre is involved to a large degree in a kind of agamble in which the amateur in our society is a kindof two-bit Medici. We all are Medicis in the degreeto which we can actually influence by amateur andperhaps unmarketable activity, the tastes and activitiesof ourselves, our families, our neighbors. ¦SEPTEMBER, 1961 13Foundations are being laid for the Philip D. Armour Clinical Research Building.14 GRASSHOPPER REPORT-More than4,000 students and visitors attended550 courses, workshops and special conferences on campus during the 1961summer quarter session. And, if the)'knew how to live well, they sought outsuch new corners of comfort on campus as the dining room of McGiffei'tHouse for Married Students. Here Chicago Theological Seminary served goodmeals all summer in a splendid air-conditioned dining room overlooking "landscaped garden.Lesser gourmets could he found under the floral-patterned umbrellas onpine picnic tahles in Hutchinson Court'They got their robot coffee and robotsandwiches from the newly automatedC-Shop.The largest block of students duringthe summer quarter are those from theteaching field. In the Graduate Schoolof Education they took such coursesas teaching of Russian in elementaryand secondaiy schools, guidance andconsultant services, programmed instruction and intergroup education i'1school and community.An innovation this year was a master's level program offered by the Graduate School of Business downtown.The heaviest program on India, itsculture and languages, ever offered mthe summer included elementary i'1'tensive Hindi, Bengali Vaisnava literature and thought, religious institutionsof Southern India, and elementary Urdufor students of Hindi.Conferences included the 23rd Annual Reading Conference and ReadingWorkshop, the Conference on Guidanceand Administration for educators, andthe 26th Annual Conference of theGraduate Library School.Getting the slimmer off to a spiritedstart, some undergraduates hung Castro in effigy from the main quadrangleflag pole. (Their message: "Cuba si.Castro nyet!") They did a good job;the University had to hire a steeplejack to get the dummy down.Another reach for the heights-th'Sone a lunar test shot-was less of asuccess. When, after six days in a lo*earth orbit from which it was to blastoff for interplanetary space, the Range''I space craft and its booster plungedinto the atmosphere and flared to extinction, many University scientists weredisappointed. While data received fromthe space craft while it was aloftshowed that their instruments on boardwere working, the deep space meas-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEN E W S O F the quadranglesdemerits of proton and low energycosmic ray intensities the research menhad hoped to get had to be written off.Ranger II is scheduled for this fall, andP^haps will have better luck.A full-fledged success is Mrs. Beadle'so°ok of reminiscences of the Beadlefamily's sojourn at Oxford while Chancellor Beadle was teaching there:These Ruins are Inhabited. It has beenregularly listed on the New York Timesgeneral books best seller list and isthe fifth best selling book in Los Angeles, California.More than two years ago, we re-Ported to you that the University wasSeeking a customer for its pioneer research betatron. Having out-grown^nis instrument, which had been putj^to operation in 1950 by the lateEnrico Fermi, the University hoped toSeH it to some country in the freew°rld as a research tool. Finally, thissummer, officials were forced to admitthat a recession has hit the betatronMarket. They have been forced tobreak up the 200-ton instrument andsell it to some country in the free^hich are being sold to a number ofbuyers, will not realize the $450,000evaluation 0f the instrument; however,ftis seems to be the best that can be°-one with a used atom-smasher.OLD NATIONS, TOO-Last spring atotal grant of $3,800,000 was madebv the Ford Foundation to the Uni-versity for non-Western area programs^ith major emphasis on the South andSoutheast Asia program ($1,786,000)!}nd the Far East program ($988,000).Inis fall new grants have been announced for the study of the less well-^nown languages and literatures of°Wer nations.^LAVIC department formed-P department of Slavic languages and^teratures has been formed at the Uni-versity and began functioning this fallquarter. The new department was!°rmed as a result of a Ford Foundation grant, of which $1,026,000 wasspecified for advancing Russian andSlavic studies. Formerly Slavic coursesj^ere given under the direction of thej^epartment of Linguistics. Hugh McLean, associate professor of linguistics,Wno has been named chairman of thenew department, commented thatsl*vic languages other than Russian will probablv be added in the nearfuture, and that three professors, twofrom Russian universities and one fromthe University of Warsaw, have accepted appointments to the department as visiting professors. The department will award graduate degreesonly, and should have some 15 or 16students this fall. The University wasa pioneer in the teaching of Russian,starting before World War I, underthe leadership of Samuel Harper (sonof the University's first president, William Rainey Harper) until his deathin 1943. Since that time, only a minimum offering in the field has beenretained, but the area has "been growing very fast since 1955," accordingto Mr. McLean.POLISH CHAIR PLANS-A fund-raising program has been launched toestablish an endowed chair in Polishlanguage and literature. Hugh McLean,chairman of the Department of SlavicLanguages and Literature added, "Inaddition to the University's providinga scholarly atmosphere for the objective examination of the Polish contribution, the new program will helpmeet the critical need in the UnitedStates for authorities in Polish languageand literature/' The Legion of YoungPolish Women presented ChancellorBeadle with an initial grant of $4,500and pledged its continued assistancefor several years. A visiting professorof Polish literature under the newprogram is expected to be appointedthis academic year.NORWEGIAN CHAIR - A fund of$100,000 has been raised in Norwayas a gift to the University to helpestablish a chair for Norwegian studiesin the Department of Germanic Languages and Literature. The Norwegian contribution, presented by JohanT. Ruud, Rector of the University ofOslo, and chairman of the fund-raisingcommittee, will be added to fundsraised by Norwegian-American groupsand other University funds to establish a University "center for the studyof the Norwegian tradition." GeorgeJ. Metcalf, chairman of the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures at the University, explainedthat the University has been workingtowards an endowed professorship inNorwegian studies for over ten years,and several groups are raising fundsin the U.S. now to match the Norwegian gift. The University was one of the first institutions in the UnitedStates to offer graduate work in Scandinavian, and the average enrollmentin the Scandinavian courses has beenabout one hundred a year.FACULTY NEWS-Nine new appointments including two Department chairmen, sum up the faculty news of thissummer. Four faculty members willleave campus as visiting professors, twomore have study grants and anotherhas a research professorship here oncampus. Other news includes an African conference, a top British prizeand a fraternity pinning.DANIEL J. BOORSTIN, professor ofhistory at the University, has beenappointed by the University of Paris(The Sorbonne) as its first Professorof American History. Mr. Boorstin hasa one-year leave of absence to takethe Sorbonne chair. In accepting theappointment, he commented, "My aimwill be to stir interest so that beforelong French scholars themselves maydevote a larger proportion of theirgenius for history to the study ofAmerica."DANIEL N. CARDENAS, assistantprofessor of Spanish at the University,has been awarded a Fulbright grantto lecture in Linguistics and the English language at the University ofMadrid, Spain, during 1961-62. Hewill also do research analyzing theSpanish language and comparing itwith English.MICHAEL CHERNIAVSKY, a leading scholar in early Russian history,has been named associate professor inthe Department of History. Formerlychairman of the history departmentat Wesleyan University, Middletown,Conn., Mr. Cherniavsky has been onthe faculty there since 1952. His appointment is the first made under therecent $1,160,000 Ford Foundationgrant for Russian and Slavic studiesat the University.FRED R. EGGAN, professor of anthropology, has been named chairmanof the University's Department ofAnthropology. Mr. Eggan who succeeds Norman McQuown as department chairman, has been on the University faculty since 1934 and becameprofessor of anthropology in 1948. Hehas done extensive American Indianfield work, and is director of the Uni-SEPTEMBER, 1961 15The Diagnostic Center (The GoldblattPavilion) is a three-story buildingbuilt across Drexel Avenue at 59thStreet (right). It connects ChicagoLying-in Hospital with Billings. Its facilities include waiting room and admissions office for outpatients, clinicallaboratories and chest and stomachx-ray micro-filming apparatus for routine disease detection, and a newoccupational therapy unit with a largesun terrace. The Chronic DiseaseHospital (below) is at the southeastcorner of Drexel and 58th Streetand connects with Billings. Researchhere will center on such chronic diseases as heart, cancer, psychiatricdisorders, metabolic and genetic diseases, and geriatric problems. HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION - There are many newcorners to get lost in around the hospital this fall, andmore continue to be built. Foundations are now beinglaid for the $2,971,000 Philip D. Armour Clinical ResearchBuilding, which will close off the quadrangle formed bythe Argonne Cancer Research Hospital and Billings, j"5'south of the University Bookstore. The six-story Armourbuilding will house 51 laboratories, with the entire sub-basement devoted to radiation therapy and radiology research. It will adjoin the supervoltage radiation therapyunits in the Argonne Cancer Research Hospital, makingthis installation one of the most extensive in the UnitedStates.At the basement level, the Department of Ophthalmologywill conduct its research programs. Recently, this department has developed new equipment to treat retinal detachment. On the first floor, ear, nose and throat researchwill be carried on. A unique project here is the establishment of a temporal bone bank to aid in the search fornew clues to causes of deafness. The second floor willexpand the facilities of the Walter G. Zoller Dental Clinic-Third, fourth and fifth floors will be devoted to surgery-One of the most interesting projects here will concernattempts to transplant organs. This oldest dream of medicine has come close to realization in many research laboratories in the past decade. The top floor will be usedfor intern quarters.16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEVersity's Philippine Studies Program.HERMAN FINER, professor of political science, has been named FordResearch Professor in GovernmentalAffairs at the University for one year.The professorship was established torelease a senior scholar from full timeteaching duties to pursue his own research. Mr. Finer will study the practice of American diplomacy in theSuez Affair, 1956-57, centering his^search on the White House, the Statedepartment and the United Nations.LOUIS GOTTSCHALK, Gustavus F.and Ann M. Swift Distinguished Service Professor in History at the University, has been named "Class of 1916Visiting Professor" at Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. Mr. Gottschalk, whoreceived three degrees from Cornell,will be in residence there for the fallsemester, 1961. He is the first mannamed to this newly endowed professorship created by a gift of Cornell'sckss of 1916.ROBERT L, GRAVES, GARY A.STEINER, and STANISLAW H.WELLISZ, have all been promotedfrom assistant to associate professorsin the Graduate School of Business.Mr. Graves, who has been made associate professor of applied mathematics,nas been associate director of the Operations Analysis Laboratory (the computer laboratory) since coming to theUniversity in 1958. Mr. Steiner, namedassociate professor of psychology, is aconsultant on market research forElrick and Lavidge, Inc., Chicago. Mr.Wellisz, made associate professor ofbusiness economics, spent the winterand spring of 1960-61 as Visiting Professor of Economics at Warsaw University in Poland.ZVT GRILICHES, associate professorof economics at the University, haskeen awarded a $46,900 grant by theNational Science Foundation to extendhis study of productivity growth inU.S. agriculture. The grant financesa three-year project to continue hisresearch on the unprecedented rise inagricultural production from 1939 to1958.W. ALBERT HILTNER, professor ofastrophysics at the University's YerkesObservatory, Williams Bay, Wise, will°e visiting professor of astronomy atthe National University of Mexico,Mexico City, this year. Mr. Hiltner'sappointment is part of the Department°f State educational exchange programunder the Smith-Mundt Act.F- CLARK HOWELL, associate processor of anthropology at the Univer sity will pursue a two-year researchproject under a $20,800 grant by theNational Science Foundation. The grantwill be used for investigation of anopen-air, prehistoric site dating fromthe Early Old Stone Age-the "Acheu-lian Site in Torralba, Spain."CHARLES HUGGINS, professor anddirector of the Ben May Laboratoryfor Cancer Research of the University,has been named co-recipient of theWalker Prize, by the Royal College ofSurgeons of England. The prize isgiven only once every five years forthe "best work in cancer research inthe preceding five years." The Collegecited Dr. Huggins7 contributions which"represent notable advances in ourknowledge both of the properties ofthe cancer cell, and of the endocrinecontrol of cancer in man% especiallyof the prostate and breast."RUTH McCARN, retired assistant deanof students at the University was"pinned" by the entire membership ofBeta Theta Pi fraternity. As part ofthe traditional proceedings (broughton by news of Mrs. McCarn's retirement this spring), she was presentedwith a Beta "sweetheart pin" and abunch of roses, and then serenadedby the fraternity members. Accordingto Mrs. McCarn, this was the first timeshe had ever been pinned to a wholefraternity at the same time.MERTON H. MILLER, has been appointed professor of finance and economics in the Graduate School ofBusiness. Formerly associate professorof economics and business administration in the Graduate School of Industrial Administration at the CarnegieInstitute of Technology, Mr. Miller willhold a Faculty Research Fellowshipfrom the Ford Foundation during hisfirst year at the University.DALLIN H. OAKS, has been appointed associate professor of law inthe Law School of the University. Hehas been engaged in law practice withthe firm of Kirkland, Ellis, Hodson,Chaffetz & Masters in Chicago since1958.ALBERT REES, professor of economics, has been appointed chairman ofthe Department of Economics at theUniversity, succeeding Theodore W.Schultz, who has headed the department for 15 years. Mr. Rees, who is39, has been a faculty member of theUniversity since 1948. Professor Schultzwho recently received a Ford Foundation Faculty Research Professorship inEconomics at the University, will now devote full time to teaching and research.STEPHEN ROTHMAN, professoremeritus in the University's Department of Medicine and a staff memberof the Argonne Cancer Research Hospital, was in Uganda, East Africa, fromMay 22-27, to study a skin cancerknown as Kaposi's Sarcoma. Dr. Rothman joined 15 other physicians fromall over the world to study clues tothe cause of this cancer which is 200times more prevalent in Uganda, thanin the U.S.JOHN T. WILSON, a senior officer ofthe National Science Foundation and apsychologist, has been appointed Special Assistant to Chancellor GeorgeWells Beadle, and professor of psychology at the University. Mr. Beadle saidthat in his new position, Mr. Wilsonwill work closely with R. Wendell Harrison, vice president and dean of thefaculties, Vice President Lowell T,Coggeshall, the Chancellor and othersin the general administration of theUniversity. As professor of psychologyhe will collaborate in research and dosome teaching. For the last six yearsMr. Wilson has been assistant directorfor biological and medical sciences ofthe National Science Foundation.ASIAN ARTS PROGRAMS-The University committee on Southern AsianStudies will present an Asian ArtsSeries, including three evenings of Southand Southeastern Asian dance andmusic. The series opens October 13with Indrani, one of India's foremostinterpreters of that country's classicaland regional dances and dance-dramas.On October 27, Ravi Shanker, India'sSitar virtuoso, will appear. The Sitar,India's favorite instrument, is a highlyevolved type of guitar made of seasoned gourd and teakwood with sixmain strings and 19 resonating strings.Mr. Shanker will be accompanied bytwo fellow performers on the Table(drums) and the Tamboura (a zither-likeinstrument). On February 17 the seriesconcludes with a performance of theNational Dancers of Ceylon, a company of ten performers. The company'srepertory includes the "Royal" andmythological dances of the Northernsection of Ceylon and the devil-dancesand fire dances of the South. Ticketsor information may be obtained fromthe Asian Arts Series, University ofChicago, Chicago 37, Illinois.SEPTEMBER, 1961 17concluding statementof the Indian conference . . .To complete our Declaration, we point out that in thebeginning the people of the New World, called Indiansby accident of geography, were possessed of a continentand a way of life. In the course of many lifetimes, ourpeople had adjusted to every climate and condition fromthe Arctic to the torrid zones. In their livelihood andfamily relationships, their ceremonial observances, theyreflected the diversity of the physical world they occupied.The conditions in which Indians live today reflect aworld in which every basic aspect of life has been transformed. Even the physical world is no longer the controllingfactor in determining where and under what conditions menmay live. In region after region, Indian groups found theirmeans of existence either totally destroyed or materiallymodified. Newly introduced diseases swept away or reducedregional populations. These changes were followed bymajor shifts in the internal life of tribe and family.The time came when the Indian people were no longerthe masters of their situation. Their life ways survivedsubject to the will of a dominant sovereign power. Thisis said, not in a spirit of complaint; we understand thatin the lives of all nations of people, there are times ofplenty and times of famine. But we do speak out in aplea for understanding.When we go before the American people, as we do inthis Declaration, and ask for material assistance in developing our resources and developing our opportunities,we pose a moral problem which cannot be left unanswered.For the problem we raise affects the standing which ournation sustains before world opinion.Our situation cannot be relieved by appropriated fundsalone, though it is equally obvious that without capitalinvestment and funded services, solutions will be delayed.Nor will the passage of time lessen the complexities whichbeset a people moving toward new meaning and purpose.The answers we seek are not commodities to be purchased, neither are they evolved automatically throughthe passing of time.The effort to place social adjustment on a money-timeinterval scale which has characterized Indian administration, has resulted in unwanted pressure and frustration.When Indians speak of the continent they yielded, theyare not referring only to the loss of some millions of acresin real estate. They have in mind that the land supporteda universe of things they knew, valued, and loved.With that continent gone, except for the few poorparcels they still retain, the basis of life is precariouslyheld, but they mean to hold the scraps and parcels asearnestly as any small nation or ethnic group was everdetermined to hold to identity and survival.What we ask of America is not charity, not paternalism,even when benevolent. We ask only that the nature ofour situation be recognized and made the basis of policyand action.In short, the Indians ask for assistance, technical andfinancial, for the time needed, however long that may be,to regain in the America of the space age some measureof the adjustment they enjoyed as the original possessorsof their native land. INDIANCOUNCILON CAMPUSI^EVEN hundred Indians from more than 80 tribalgroups gathered in Chicago for an eight-day conference,conducted from June 13th to June 20th. They camefrom all parts of the country, including Alaska. Mostwere sent by their tribes as official spokesmen, butscores came on their own to help formulate the firstunited statement of American Indian opinion.The vast enterprise, dubbed the "American IndianChicago Conference," was conceived by Sol Tax, professor of anthropology at the University. Contributionstotaling almost $27,000 had been solicited to help repaythe expenses of the affair; University facilities werearranged for the delegates, who were to live, eat andwork on campus; and a steering committee underD'Arcy McNickle, Boulder, Colorado, Indian authorand member of the Flathead tribe, had prepared volumes of preliminary material. This was to be the firsttime that, according to Mr. Tax, "The Indians will beexpressing themselves, and making their own plansand the rest of us will be listening. . . . Right now thecountry is at a cross-roads in Indian affairs, so thatwhat Indians say now is especially important." Hereported to the Indians, "The governors of many states,the Public Health and Welfare people, educators andchurch organizations of all kinds are showing a greatinterest in your work." U.S. Secretary of the InteriorSteward Udal "expressed a personal interest" in theconference, as well as members of the President's taskforce on Indian policy.Yet, the Conference was meeting against a history ofintertribal dissension, and few, if any of the delegateswould have been surprised if the gathering had quicklyended in a walk-out. As one Indian said, "Tecumsehcouldn't do it; Pontiac couldn't do it. Do you reallythink Sol Tax can?"According to Mr. Tax writing in the Chicago Sun-Times, "Many Indian spokesmen have, over the years,expressed the desires and needs of particular groups ofIndians. Their words, all too frequently, have beentaken as applicable to every Indian." There are manydifferent kinds of Indians, and they follow many different ways, he points out."Few peoples of the world proportionate to theirnumbers, present so bewildering a variety of aspects.There are city Indians and country Indians, hills Indians, plains Indians, forest Indians, coastal Indians. Thereare Indians in government, in the professions, in industry, in agriculture. There are Indian medical doctorsand Indian medicine men. There are Indians who look,live, believe and speak like white men, as well as thoseboth on and off the reservations who look and live18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEljke Indians.However, Indians share ...... many things in common:£>r instance, their history, their relations with theFederal government today, and their commitment totheir identity as Indi;urns.--- •u^uuiy us iiiwiuii.vMr. Tax: "From the beginning, Indians have cherishedtheir heritages, their communities, their homelands,"'eir moral values. More than anything else, they havewanted to retain their identity. Whenever they cameto realize that Europeans had come to take away theirland and their identity, they resisted. From the begin-ni"g, whenever programs have threatened their land ortheir identity, such programs have failed. Therefore, the«rst necessity in dealing with Indians in the UnitedStates honestly and intelligently is to stop trying totake away their land and stop trying to take away theiridentity as Indians. We must assume that every Indiantribe is here to stay . . ."Kespecting the identity of Indians means recognizingthe continuing existence and identity of Indian communities. Nobody is 'just an Indian.' He is, first of all,'? . Tuscarora, or an Apache, or a Menomini, or aKlamath or a member of some other tribe with itsParticular history and traditions. Before the white mancame, there were Hopis and Winnebagoes and many°ther tribes, but no 'Indians.' It is only the Europeanswho saw them all as 'Indians.' Therefore, a threat totfte existence of the community is a threat to theexistence of every member of the community."Mr. Tax observes that if a change, no matter howbeneficial, is defined as a change from being Indianto being white, it stands a good chance of not beingadopted. If the opportunity to learn a trade suggeststhe beginning of a process of departure from being anIrjdian, it may well be rejected. "Precisely because then"e, the horses and the automobile were never associated Wjrh assimilationist interpretations, they wereincorporated into Indian cultures. Frequent failures ofgovernment programs' may be traced to justifying themas a means of assimilation."The actual cultural differences between the Europeans and the Indians they found on this continent could not be greater yet the white ideal has alwaysbeen to give the Indians equal rights, that is, integratethem into white society.The Indian concepts of tribal property, of being tiedto the soil by an almost sacred bond, of decisions ontribal matters being made only with the consent ofthe whole tribe — all such Indian values were either notundeistood or not respected.Mr. Tax notes that "Individual Indians never had theright to alienate tribal property, and there is probablyno case in our history when a tribe responsibly andwillingly parted with the territory it used and occupiedas its own. The continent was therefore taken awayby hook or by crook. We who think of land as realestate do not understand or appreciate the continuingthe poignant personal loss felt by Indians who losetheir lands . . ."Since the time of earliest contact, it has been ourbland and naive assumption that Indians would notonly part with their lands as so much real estate, butwould jump at the slightest chance to shake off theircurious customs and strange ways to become like Europeans. The psychological reason for this myth probablycombined the hopes that Indians living like Europeanswould need only a few acres per family and there wouldbe more than enough land for all; and that Europeanfarmers would be spared the disconcerting example ofIndian neighbors hunting and fishing while they workedon routine farm tasks."I N ORDER not to waste the taxpayer's money andthe Indians' time, we must give up the hope of eliminating the Indian problem by eliminating Indian communities. Moreover, Mr. Tax believes that we mustlook to the Indians for determination of what theirgoals should be and how they should be reached.The prevalent white belief is that Indians are livingon a public dole. Actually, he points out, their onlymoneys come from treaty agreements, mostly the leasingof their land. They pay all taxes except tax on theiractual reservation lands; the Federal government doesSEPTEMBER, 1961 19provide some schools and health services, althoughthese are often provided from the funds which Indiansearn on their lands. In all truth, Mr. Tax believes thata reservation Indian probably receives less money fromthe government than does an urban white.When given an opportunity to meet and state goalsfor their people, how did the Indians succeed? Mr. Taxcalls the Conference an unqualified success: "Theirpatience and forebearance were also inconceivable.With overwhelming dignity the American Indians facedus, whose avarice and stupidity have brought theminsurmountable problems, and told us quietly that theyare not angry; only that they hope we shall do better.They did this for the first time as a whole people;indeed it was here at the University of Chicago thatthey discovered for the first time that they are a people,and this may be the historic importance of the AmericanIndian Chicago Conference."The major specific requests of the Conference were:— Abandonment of the termination policy instituted bythe Eisenhower Administration which allowed Federalsupervision and subsidy of reservations to be cut offwithout the consent or preparation of the Indiansconcerned.—Substitution of an official policy recognizing "theprinciple of a broad educational process as the procedure best calculated to remove the disabilities whichhave prevented Indians from making full use of theirresources."— Review of the organization of the Bureau of IndianAffairs, with a view to cutting down on the kind of redtape that makes it necessary to clear the purchase fora keg of nails for the reservation with one of the tenBureau area offices.—Resource and industrial development programs toimprove economic opportunities on reservations anddecrease the pressure on Indians to leave reservations.—Measures to improve education, health, welfare, andhousing standards.—More adequate and efficient services for Indians leaving the reservations to relocate in cities and elsewhere.These requests were worked out in numerous discussion groups and general sessions which they patientlyconducted according to parliamentary procedure thatwas unfamiliar to many of the delegates. The resultwas a 49-page "Declaration of Indian Purpose."Plans were made to present the Declaration to President Kennedy. W. W. Keeler, chairman of the FederalTask Force on Indian Affairs which is now reviewingconditions among Indians, assured the Conference thatits recommendations would be earnestly considered inWashington.This was a far different conclusion from that of thelast Grand Council of the Chiefs— Chicago, 1833. Then,the government's principal commissioner had openedthe Council stating that the Great Father in Washingtonhad heard that they wished to sell their land. TheIndians promptly answer that "The Great Father inWashington must have seen a bad bird which had toldhim a lie; for, far from wishing to sell their land, theywish to keep it." This time the Indians are sendingtheir own bird, and maybe Great Father will evenlisten to it. ¦ BURKE — continued from page 8ately have a way of setting up a whole set of implications and types of attitudes in the audience.Now then, I said I started from the notion of artas self-expression. I then went to the notion of art asa means of communication. Well, you'll find those twoserving most purposes today, and people will usuallycompromise by saying they reinforce each other orcorrect each other. But, I offer a third term for yourconsideration. -It is the principle of consummation — the principle 01consummation is a notion of simply carrying out theimplications of a terminology, regardless of whether itsself-expression or communication. Once you get anidea, it shows certain possibilities, and you follow thoseout. I think my best example of that is Joyce's laterwork. We've heard a lot about the use of myth inliterature; well, Joyce, carrying out the idea of mythsaid, why not use all the myths you can. That's carryingout the implications of that particular possibility. Jremember a roomful of totem poles in the Museum orNatural History where there must have been 150, 200totem poles. Any given tribe of Indians would onlyhave one totem pole. This really carried out the implications of totem poles in a way no Indian tribe had andis somewhat the way Joyce carried out the implicationsof myth. And this principle is tremendously importantagain in life in general because I think that all yourvarious disciplines in the world today are proceeding jnexactly this way. The chemist is carrying out the implications of his chemical terminology, and the biologist,the implications of his, the physicist, the implicationsof his. Each one is going to the end of the line in thisprinciple of consummation, the only interruption beingthe way they get into one another's road.These observations apply not only to the arts and thespecialized vocabularies of the sciences, but to anhuman relations. Thus it has often been said recentlythat much of the world's increasing unrest is due tothe rise of new expectations in areas where until recentlyno such further possibilities suggested themselves. People accepted wretched conditions without revolt prim~arily because they had no hopes that any change o*leadership could possibly improve their conditions, bunow they are astir with great expectations. Unquestionably many of these expectations will prove to have beendeceptive. Be they proved right or wrong, they're allconditions which are vibrant with the makings of dramasometimes comic, sometimes tragic. But the fact thaone may refer to them as negative expectations suggestsanother line of thought which I might well have madethe very center of a talk on drama and the philosophyof drama. I refer to that other drastic principle ofnegativity, the scapegoat. Drama needs villains anaf ools— just as urgently as the Roman circus needsvictims, and so always when the dramatic principlegets loose in life itself, there's the demand for modesof drama like catharsis, purgation by sacrifice, pur"1'fication by the use of victims. As we move fromthoughts on drama to thoughts on dramatism we constantly find the need for men to impute to themselvesor one another such "securitive" roles. Here is indeeda form of negative expectation, which can even resulin all hells breaking loose. *20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEN EWS O F the alumniHenry Clay, a close friend of the originalowners, was entertained in the house.LILLIAN STEICHEN SANDBURG, '04,was noted in the "People" column of Timemagazine's May 5th issue with this news.Mrs. Sandburg is the breeder of a goatwhich set a new U.S. lactation record (forgoats). The record: 191 lbs. of butterfat,5 750 lbs. of milk in a 305 day period.Mrs. Sandburg, of Flat Rock, N.C, is thesister of photographer Edward Steichen,and wife of poet Carl Sandburg.WILLIAM J. WATERMAN, '04, of Chicago, was in Florida for eight months ata doctor's orders during 1960. Now Mr.Waterman, who is 85, is back at his homein Hyde Park.f\S\ /^kf\ HALLE D. WOODS, '04, of Anna Maria,/ 1/ I U/f J F]a>j is 90 years young and "able to^enjoy\J\J nJ\J the sunshine of this Florida island."EDWIN D. SOLENBERGER, '00, of Upper Darby, Pa., has been elected a lifemember of the Pennsylvania WelfareForum and an honorary director of thePhiladelphia Housing Assn. Fifty yearsago he was a founder of each of these0rganizations. Mr. Solenberger is alsoElder Emeritus of the Newtown SquarePresbyterian Church and has retired assecretary of the Children's Aid Societv°f Pennsylvania.ERED L. ADAIR, MD'01, and his sons,ROBERT, '36, and RICHARD, '41, arefounders of Adair Charities, Inc., a nonprofit corporation founded "to help improve mankind physically, intellectually,morally and spiritually." The organizationprovides funds for the biennial Fred Lyman Adair Award sponsored by the Amer-Jcan Gynecological Society for "the bestwork of original quality related to humangenetics." Dr. Adair was with BillingsHospital at the U of C for several years,retiring at the age of 65 to become head^ the Division of Maternal and ChildHealth in the Illinois Department ofHealth. He was continuing general chairmanfor five years of the American Congresses°n Obstetrics and Gynecology, ending histerm in 1952. In 1954, the InternationalFederation of Gynecology and Obstetricswas formally organized and Dr. Adairserved as treasurer for four years. TheAdairs live in Maitland, Fla.^YRA V. SMITH, '02, former Frenchteacher of Natchez, Miss., opened herhome, "D'Evereux" for the annual NatchezP%rirnage tours during March. The pilgrimage tours, sponsored by the GardenClubs of Natchez, included thirty ante-helium homes in the area. Miss Smith'shome was built in 1840 and is describedas a "fine example of southern colonialarchitecture of pure Greek revival style." JOHN E. AYSCUE, '05, of Raleigh, N.C,has retired after 30 years of teaching Bibleand history at Campbell College in Buie'sCreek, N.C.MARGUERITE SCANLAN SOUERBRY,'07, of Downers Grove, 111., is about toretire at the age of 75, after nine yearssubstitute teaching in Hinsdale PublicSchools and nine years contract teachingin Hinsdale-area country schools. Lastyear she was a second grade teacher atMarion Hills School.SIDNEY TELLER, '08, international lecturer, has now completed over 50 yearson the lecture platforms of twenty countries. Most recently he has been in Chileand Peru, where he lectured and gaveradio talks. Mr. Teller promoted the Centennial of the Boy's Clubs of America, andrepresenting the Chicago Federation ofSettlements, promoted the Jane AddamsCentennial Year during a trip around theworld in 1960.VERA HOLE WERTHEIM, '09, hasmoved from Chicago to Harbert, Mich.Last spring she spent three months in LongBeach, Calif., and then did some travelingbefore moving to Michigan.HERBERT F. HANCOX, '10, AM'll, ofPhoenix, Ariz., is administrator of the JohnC Lincoln Hospital and superintendent ofthe Dessert Mission in Phoenix. He is alsopresident of the Salt River Valley AdultEducation Association this year and hasbeen secretary of the Phoenix HospitalCouncil since 1955. For the past 12 yearshe has been an officer of the SunnyslopeConcert Association, of which he is alsoa founder.NELS M. HOKANSON, '10, writes thathe and JOHN F. MOULDS, '07, attendedmemorial services in Claremont, Calif, for Max Mason, former president of the U of Cwho died March 22. Mr. Hokanson wholives in Claremont, is retired and Mr.Moulds is assistant to the president ofPomona College there. Mr. Moulds wasformerly secretary to the U of C Boardof Trustees.The Class of E-O-Leven had the finestfiftieth reunion of any fifty-year class inthe history of the University— thanks toit's president, Vallee O. Appel, and theeffective committee he appointed.It began with a cocktail party on Friday evening at the Quadrangle Club, followed by an elaborate dinner i.i the maindining room of the Club.Saturday morning they were inductedinto the Emeritus Club and had tables ofhonor at the all-alumni luncheon wheretheir president was called to the platformto be introduced and where he gave thebest two-minute extemporaneous speechin campus history.Sunday, the members were guests at agarden party at Mr. Appel's home in Highland Park and at the Moraine Hotel fordinner.As this is written for the October Magazine we are saddened to report that thewife of Bradford Gill died August 28thafter a lingering illness which began witha stroke last November 18th. And SusieChatfield died July 11, 1961. Both she andBradford Gill were at the reunion so weare sure the class will appreciate thisinformation. Bradford Gill lives at 1245Forest Avenue, Evanston, Illinois.H.W.M.WILLIAM S. COOPER, PhD'll, andREUBEN G. GUSTAVSON, PhD'25, received honorary degrees from the University of Colorado at the school's commencement exercises on June 10. Mr. Cooper,who presently lives in Boulder, Colo., isa retired plant ecologist and geologist ofthe University of Minnesota. Mr. Gustav-son, professor of chemistry and specialassistant to the president of the Universityof Arizona, also gave the commencementaddress. He is former acting president ofthe University of Colorado.MERRILL WELLS, '12, MD'14, is practicing internal medicine in Grand Rapids,Mich.MAUDE H. WINNETT, MD'12, practicesmedicine in Chicago and is on the regularattending staff of the Mary ThompsonHospital there. She is a fellow in the American College of Surgeons and a diplomatein the American Board of Obstetrics andGynecology.MAY HILL ARBUTHNOT, '13, '22, associate professor emeritus of education atContinued on page 24SEPTEMBER, 1961 21Why a successful man gave up a careerThe Harvard Businesi School Bulletinti IAS1*\$U ^,„„«;r;ft^C*VTli! in»'»r<ir<" rem' b©«*hi1ffiinit'ih «' -rii.*^'*^-*^,1 I*' r»»n"ni«" „ing orx"W" IK""1win „nC <:oi»i io»yi UBS.48 in"1 lit' ln-Nctf F...(ll<",',„U««" ,!W>l,f[ ('" 'i<o»frB"1„( *» «<!•""5 I > "'* ."S -*'•>»' ««9,»Wlf n»"'tin; ,.<"•[A* »n* „( » »• ,,rfV",, jf*"'.no*_ one " „\,o •*" \,i«>" tc"01'> 'o*»*fOt>« ihi* -, .11 , „o>l ,«-*i''*r.",,T c»"c'\u»'<°" thowpiccen<*»' iooi i;,,\t» \\W> '22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEin industry to start one in life insuranceNorman Wallack had good reasons.Here's the first-hand account he gave us after his articlehad appeared in the Harvard Business School Bulletin —"After graduation from Harvard BusinessSchool, I did well during the next nine years in twodifferent areas of business. First, as merchandiseManager for a large Midwest manufacturer. Next,as developer and owner of a camping-equipmentcompany. But after five years of having my owncompany, I sold out at a substantial profit. SixMonths later I had decided to sell life insurance forNew England Life."I had plenty of confidence by this time in mybusiness ability. Now I wanted to find an areawhere it would pay off on its own and require littlereliance on others. I wanted a field that offered increasing income as I grew older without suddenlytopping off when I reached 65 . . . that held fewer!f you'd like a reprint of the 5-page articleby Norman Wallack, "I Sell Insurance — AndL|ke it!" just send along the coupon. We'll alsomail you our free booklet, "Careers in Life Insurance," which describes the opportunitiesw'th New England Life for those men who meet°ur requirements.NEW ENGLAND LIFE*EW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY; FOUNDER OF MUTUALUFE INSURANCE IN AMERICA IN 1835. ALL FORMS OF INDIVIDUAL ANDGROUP LIFE INSURANCE. ANNUITIES AND PENSIONS.GROUP HEALTH COVERAGES. of the frustrations encountered in industry . . . thatcould put to best use my training at the School,experience and capabilities."Life insurance seemed to come closest to this ideal.So I picked out the company with one of the finestreputations and cost pictures in the industry andsought out one of the most outstanding trainingagencies in the business."It adds up to this: I'm in this business becauseI like it. Because I chose it after trying other typesof work. Because it offers all kinds of opportunitiesfor developing special insurance programs for companies and individuals. It's the unusual combination of freedom and variety that appeals to me.Perhaps it will appeal to you."Vice President John Barker, Jr.501 Boylston StreetBoston 17, Mass.Please send me a reprint of Norman Wallack's"I Sell Insurance — And Like It!" and your freebooklet, "Careers in Life Insurance."NameThese Chicago University men are New England life representatives^ORGE MARSELOS, '34, ChicagoR°BERT p. SAALBACH, '39, Omahu. . _ . m_n to te|| yoo about the advantages of insuring in the New England Life.Ask one of these competent men to ton y«« »"v JOHN R. DOWNS, C.L.U., '46, ChicagoHERBERT W. SIEGAL, '46, San AntonioSEPTEMBER, 1961 23BEST BOILER REPAIR & WELDING CO24 HOUR SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave.. ChicagoLooking for a (^%PUBLISHER^Your book can be published, promoted, ^H^distributed by successful, reliable company ^HB^noted for prompt, personal service. All ^^^subjects. Free Editorial Report. Inquiries also invited from businesses, organizations, churches, etc.Send for Free Booklet. Vantage Press, Dept UC,120 W. 31, New York 1.BOYDSTON AMBULANCE SERVICEAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of Chicagophone NOrmal 7-2468NEW ADDRESS— 1708 E. 7 1 ST ST.PENDERCatch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sump-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUEFAirfax 4-0550PENDER SEWER COMPANYUNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANK1354 East 55th StreetMemberFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationMUseum 4-1200Phone: REgent 1-331 1The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes1142 E. 82nd StreetCHICAGO ADDRESSING & PRINTING CO.Complete Service for Mail AdvertisersPRINTING— LETTERPRESS & OFFSETLetters • Copy Preparation • ImprintingTypewriting • Addressing • MailingQUALITY — ACCURACY — SPEED722 So. Dearborn • Chicago 5 . WA 2-4561 Western Reserve University, Cleveland,was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree at that University'scommencement ceremonies in June. Mrs.Arbuthnot, well-known as a teacher, authorof children's stories, lecturer and scholar,was cited by the University as follows:"Our city and our state are richer becauseyou devoted your many talents to the initiation and development of nursery schoolsand kindergartens. Hundreds of thousands,perhaps millions, of children have foundthe delights of literature under the guidance of your books and the spell of yourenthusiasm. Thousands of teachers havebeen inspired by your example and byyour dedication to our chosen profession."BENJAMIN V. COHEN, '14, JD'15,Washington lawyer and authority on international organizations, delivered theOliver Wendell Holmes Lectures at theHarvard Law School on April 17-19. Hissubject at the series of three lectures was,"The United Nations: Constitutional Developments, Growth, and Possibilities."Mr. Cohen has watched closely the formation and early development of the UnitedNations. He was counselor to the U.S.State Department from 1945-47, and amember of the U.S. delegation to theDumbarton Oaks Conference of 1944, theBerlin Conference of 1945, and the Councilof Foreign Ministers in London, Moscow,Paris and New York in 1945-46. He represented the U.S. in the General Assemblyof the United Nations from 1948 to 1952and was U.S. representative before theInternational Court of Justice at TheHague, 1950, and on the U.N. Disarmament Commission, 1952.ELIZABETH SHERER MURRAY, '14,AM'15, of Highland Park, III., writes thatwhile in Los Angeles at Christmas timeshe saw HELEN STREET PERLEE, '14,and over dinner they "had a big visit aboutold times at U of C after many, manyyears." Mrs. Perlee works with the YMCAin Los Angeles.LESTER R. DRAGSTEDT, '15, SM'16,PhD'20, MD'21, has continued to be activein research and teaching since his retirement from the U of C. He is researchprofessor of surgery at the University ofFlorida in Gainesville. Dr. Dragstedt isalso serving as president of the NationalSociety for Medical Research and duringthe past year has been busy directing andcoordinating the opposition to the proposedcongressional legislation for the regulationof medical research.MOLLIE H. RABOLD, '15, has retiredas an instructor in English at BradleyUniversity in Peoria, 111.ELINOR E. PANCOAST, '17, AM'22,PhD'27, has been working recently withthe Maryland State Commission on theAging doing various research and editorialchores. Miss Pancoast has been on thechurch and economic life committee ofthe National Council of Churches for anumber of years. An emeritus professorof economics of Goucher College, she livesin Towson, Md. CECIL L. REW, '19, has retired as professor of modern languages at BowlingGreen State University in Bowling Green,Ohio. His wife is WINIFRED RIDGLEY,'23.CHARLES H. PIPER, '20, MD'22, formerly of Chicago, has retired and is livingin Englewood, Fla. Mr. Piper's wife isJEAN KNIGHT, '21.PAUL A. QUAINTANCE, '20, MD'23,of Los Angeles, Calif., has been granteda fellowship in the Industrial Medical Association. His wife, ESTHER CROCKETT,AM'25, was elected president of the SocialService Commission in Los Angeles in I960.2U-S1ALLIN K. INGALLS, '24, has been electedto the board of trustees of Presbyterian-St.Luke's Hospital in Chicago. Mr. Ingalls,of River Forest, is chairman of the boardof the Avenue State Bank in Oak Park,111. He is a trustee of the Oak Park YMCAand George Williams College in Chicago.HENRY T. RICKETTS, '24, professor ofmedicine at the U of C, and HENRY UWILDBERGER, '44, '49, MD'51, assistant professor of medicine, have beenelected to the board of directors of theChicago Diabetes Assn.JAMES H. JOHNSTON, JR., AM'25,PhD'37, formerly vice president of Virginia State College, Petersburg, Va., retired on July 1 after having been associated with the college for 47 years. Mr-Johnston has served in several administrative positions at Virginia State. He *salso a past president of the Associationof Colleges and Secondary Schools forNegroes.A. ADRIAN ALBERT, '26, SM'27, PhD'28,professor and chairman of mathematics atthe U of C, is on leave of absence during1961-62 serving as director of the Communications Research Division of the In'stitute for Defense Analyses at Princeton,N.J.EDWARD C. AMES, '26, was awarded anhonorary Doctor of Humanics degree atSalem College, Salem, W. Va. on May 2&when he delivered the commencement address there. Mr. Ames is public relationsdirector of Owens-Illinois, in Toledo, Ohio-SEWARD A. COVERT, '26, president ofa Cleveland public relations firm, has beennamed a trustee of Ashland College. Heis president of Seward Covert & Associates.MARIE HAJEK MUDRA, '26, of MenloPark, Calif., a free-lance writer, and *writing instructor for adult groups, is alsovery active in community affairs. Mrs-Mudra, who has written several books forchildren and teenagers, gives writing instruction at a Veterans AdministrationHospital and holds the following community positions: president of the Menlo24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPark Friends of the Library, treasurer offte Palo Alto branch of the NationalLeague of American Pen Women, leader°f the Menlo-Athcrton writer's group, anda member of the San Mateo Branch of theAmerican Association of University Women.MURRAY H. LEIFFER, AM'28, professor°f sociology at Garrett Biblical Institute,Evanston, 111., is presently in Singapore ona field research fellowship for the Division°f World Missions of the Methodist Board°f Missions. He arrived in Singapore inmid-July and will be there until February.While there Mr. Leiffer is doing research°n the status of the Methodist Church andwiH make recommendations for future development of that church in Singapore. Hejs also teaching two courses at Trinity College, an interdenominational theologicalschool. The author of several books, Mr.Leiffer has been on the Garrett faculty^nce 1929 and also serves as director ofGarrett's Bureau of Social and ReligiousResearch.P- HENRY LOTZ, '28, has retired and is£ow living in Fayetteville, Ark. Formerlyhe was a minister.JOHN VAN PROHASKA, '28, MD'34, pro-tessor in the U of C Department of Sur-§ery, was invited to participate as anhonored guest at the tenth anniversary of*he Institute of Experimental Surgery andResearch in Prague, during May.CLARA G. ROE, AM'28, is a visitingProfessor at Ricker College in Houston, Me.,where she is serving a one-year appoint-ment. She retired from the University ofAkron in Akron, Ohio last year as associ-ate professor of history.ALLEN P. WIKGREN, '28, AM'29, PhD^2, associate professor in the DivinitySchool at the U of C, presided in December at a session of the American TextCriticism Seminar in New York and presented a report on the new Bodmer papyrus of the Catholic epistles. He was also^-elected a member of the Standard Bible^onimittee by the National Council ofSmirches. In July and August Mr. Wikgrenwas in Utrecht at a working session of theinternational Committee on the Greek NewTestament Text. During September he participated in sessions of the Society for NewTestament Studies meeting in St. Andrews,and a Congress on New Testament StudiesMeeting in Oxford.Winifred d. broderick, '29, socialstudies teacher at Theodore Ahrens TradeHigh School, Louisville, Ky., was awardedthe Valley Forge Classroom Teachers Medal in May. The award, given by^ thefreedoms Foundation, is for making "sig-nifieant contributions to a better under-handing of the American way of life."^ARFIELD COX, PhD'29, Robert Law^ofessor Emeritus of the U of C Graduate^chool of Business, taught a course in^hristian Ethics at the Southern CaliforniaSchool of Theology during the second semester of the past school year. Mr. Coxls now living in Claremont, Calif.JAMES DAHIR, '29, is staff associate withtne Washington Center for Metropolitan Studies, in Washington, D.C. The centeris a non-profit corporation for research andeducation in urban affairs.PHILIP M. HAUSER, '29, AM'33, PhD'38,professor and chairman of the Departmentof Sociology at the U of C, is presidentelect of the American Statistical Assn. for1961. He will assume office as presidentin 1962. In August, Mr. Hauser presenteda paper on population problems of theUnited States for the Pacific Science Congress in Hawaii.B. HARRISON OVERMAN, AM'29, ofKansas City, Mo., retired on June 10, 1960,after teaching high school for 40 years.The last 31 years of his career were atSouthwest High School in Kansas City,where he began teaching soon after receiving his degree from U of CPAUL E. SCHUWERK, JD'29, of ParkRidge, III, has been promoted from resident secretary to second vice president ofLumbermens Mutual Casualtv Co. andAmerican Motorists Insurance Co. An attorney, Mr. Schuwerk is the Chicago homeoffice claim manager for New England,Eastern, Southeastern, Pacific and Canadian districts. A member of several professional organizations, Mr. Schuwerk isa past president of the Casualty AdjustersAssociation of Chicago, and a member ofthe committee on insurance law ot theChicago Bar Assn.SANFORD R. WINSTON, '29, of Raleigh,NC is chairman of the department ofsociology at State College in Raleigh. Hiswife, ELLEN BLACK WINSTON, AM'28,PhD'30, is an executive in the North Carolina State Department of Education.FRANKLIN D. ELMER, JR., '30, is seniorminister (since 1943) of the First BaptistChurch of Flint, Mich. Recently his boardand members voted to change the church sname to Woodside Church and liberalizemembership requirements to make it a completely interdenominational church. lnechurch is located beside the campuses ofthe Flint branch of the University of Michigan and Flint Community College. Mrs.Smer was MARGARET NELSON, '27,daughter of the late B. G. Nelson who, formany years, was on the faculty of theUniversity, teaching public speaking.I EDWARD GARRICK, '30, presented apaper before the structures and materialspanel of the advisory group for aeronautical research and development of theNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization, during May at the NATO headquarters inParis Mr. Garrick, an internationallyknown authority in the field of flutter anddynamics, is chief of the Langley ResearchCenter's dynamic loads division. The Center is a part of the National Aeronauticsand Space Administration and located inLangley Field, Va. In addition to his position at Langley, Mr. Garrick serves as aconsultant to government and industry torthe development of research programs andthe application of research results in thesefields The first experimental supersonicand hypersonic flutter studies in this country were made under his supervision. JOHN R. RICHARDS, PhD'36, is the firstdirector of the California CoordinatingCouncil for Higher Education. He tookthe position in May, leaving his formerpost as chancellor of the Oregon StateSystem of Higher Education. The California Council was created last year by theState Legislature to advise it and the Governor on school financing matters and tohelp plan for development of educationalprograms. The 15 members of the councilinclude laymen, and representatives of allthe state's institutions of higher education. Mr. Richards had held his Oregonposition since 1955. Prior to that he hadadministrative positions at PennsylvaniaState University, Wayne University, NewYork University and the U of C.WILLIAM P. SCHENK, '36, formerlywith Science Digest, has recently becomea staff writer for Compton Picture Encyclopaedia in Chicago.PAUL SIU, '36, PhD'53, has taken aposition as professor of sociology andanthropology at Yankton College, Yankton,S.D., this fall. For a number of years hehas taught sociology and anthropology atKansas Wesleyan University, Salina, Kan.,and at Park College, Parkville, Mo. Priorto his teaching experience he did community case work at the International Institute in Boston, Mass.ROBERT S. WHITLOW, '36, was appointed in June as assistant general counsel for General Precision Equipment Corp.,Tarrytown, N.Y. Mr. Whitlow functionsas assistant to the executive vice presidentand general counsel of the company. Forthe past fourteen years, he has served asstaff attorney of the California Texas OilCorp., and in recent years as counsel toa principal operating division, where hewas responsible for establishing and coordinating legal plans and policies for aninternational group of companies. He alsoserved as a legal counsel for the U.S. Departments of State and Treasury and asan associate in the New York law firmof Thacher, Proffitt, Prizer, Crawley &Wood. General Precision Equipment Corp.,through its subsidiaries and divisions, provides electronic equipment for most of themajor missile and space programs. Mr.Whitlow is a member of the U of CAlumni New York Club board, as well asthe American Society of InternationalLaw, American Foreign Law Assn., andthe Association of the Bar of the Cityof New York.ISIAH A. WILES, MD'36, a colonel inthe U.S. Army, is regularly assigned ascommander of the U.S. Army Hospital atFord Ord, Calif. Mr. Wiles recently completed a course for senior officers on nuclear weapons employment at Fort Leavenworth, Kan. He joined the army in 1939.Mr. Wiles had previously been an instructor at the U of C.EARL W. WORMAN, '36, was named inMay as resident comptroller of ChevroletMotor Division's engineering center inWarren, Mich. Mr. Worman had formerlybeen assistant resident comptroller at Chevrolet's automobile and truck assembly plantin Norwood, Ohio. He joined ChevroletSEPTEMBER, 1961 25as an accounting clerk at the division'sassembly plant in Janesville, Wise., in 1936and since then has held various supervisory positions.GEORGE S. BUIS, MBA'37, took overduties as director at Salem Hospital,Salem, Mass., on May 1. He went to Salemfrom New Haven, Conn., where he wasdirector of the hospital administration program in the Department of Public Healthat Yale University School of Medicine.From 1946 to 1950 Mr. Bin's was associatedirector of the American College of Hospital Administrators.HAZEL M. IIALLOKAN, AM'.37, receivedthe 1960 award from the New York StateWelfare Conference given to "the professional person making a valuable contribution to social welfare in New York State."She is director of the social service department of St. Vincent's Hospital of the Cityof New York.DAVID J. HOPKINS, '37, vice presidentand general manager of the Los Angelesoffice of McCann-Erickson (advertising),has been named a director of WesternTravelers Life Insurance.RUTH MANDEVILLE LEVEHTON, PhD'37 of Washington, D.C, received anhonorary Doctor of Science degree thisspring from the University of Nebraska inLincoln. Mrs. Lcverton is presently associate director of the Institute of HomeEconomics of the U.S. Department ofAgriculture. From 1937 to 1954 Mrs.Lcverton served as director of human nutrition research in the University ofNebraska's department of home economics.Then she became professor of home economics and assistant director of the agricultural experiment station at OklahomaState University, before taking her presentposition.CODY PFANSTIEIIL, '37, director ofpublic relations for the Washington Evening Star, has moved into a new homein Takoma Park, Md. He formerly livedin Silver Spring, Md. This news is fromhis mother, CARYL CODY CARR, '15, ofClaremont, Calif.EDWARD SIIILS, '37, professor of theU of C Committee on Social Thought, hasbeen working in Nigeria, and has recentlytaken up temporary residence at King sCollege, Cambridge.LESLIE C. WARREN, PhD'37, was recently promoted from associate professorto professor in the department of Englishat Canisius College, Buffalo, N.Y. Priorto joining the Canisius faculty in 1957, Mr.Warren had taught at New York University, the University of Illinois and theU of C.38-^9HERMAN B. CHASE, PhD'38, geneticistat Brown University, Providence, R.I., hasbeen awarded research grants totaling over $250,000 for a four-year period of work.The purpose of the grant from the Nations1Institutes of Health, is to provide supp'e'mental support of a graduate training pr0'gram in genetics at Brown. During t"cfirst year the university will receive $14,58"and the government is committed to con*tinue awards for the following years tototal the $250,000 figure. Mr. Chase andhis wife, ELIZABETH BROWN, PhD'3".live in Providence.JOHN J. DeBOER, PhD'38, professor ofeducation at the University of Illinois, rc'tired in December, 1960, as editor orElementary English, a publication ol theNational Council of Teachers of Englishwhich he has edited for 18 years. M'jDoBoer recently received the HatfieldAward from the Council. He lives >"Champaign, 111.GORDON FREESE, '38, was named tothe Board of Curators of Stephens College, Columbia, Mo., in July. FormerlyMr. Freese was executive vice presidentof the Art Association of Indianapolis, lna->a position he had held since January 1when he left his former post as administrative vice-president of Stephens. He ha'1been with Stephens since 1953, first «scomptroller and then as vice president, alsohaving served as secretary of the Boarcof Curators.FABIAN GUDAS, '38, PhD'52, has bee"promoted to associate professor of Engl'S"at Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge-From New York Life's yearbook of successful insurance career men !"PEN" BUTTERFIELD-wrote his own ticket toa successful insurance career!Without any previous business experience, W. S."Pen" Butterfield has gone steadily to the top as aNew York Life Agent. He has attained covetedmembership on the President's Council of the company. Pen knows of no other career "where a mancan find the freedom, potential, satisfaction, income and thrill that the job of a Nylic agent canoffer. It's fun and rewarding."He has found his own efforts and talents to be theonly limitations on his income. To help achieve hisgoals and to serve his clients even better, Pen hasearned a Chartered Life Underwriter degree forhimself. Perhaps a career like Pen Butterfield'swould interest you or someone you know. If so,why not write for information? "Pen"Butterfield,CL.U.New York LifeRepresentative'n the NebraskaGeneral Office ""s*.Un^oT^^^te '47-- 49;(composed of 200 leadersamong over 6000 fieldrepresentatives)]\ew^Sbrk LifeInsurance (mju$) CompanyCollege Relations, Dept. K-751 Madison Avenue, New York 10, N.Y.26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEThe promotion became effective in September.CHARLOTTE SEYFFER, SM'39, has beenappointed senior nurse educator with theWorld Health Organization-assisted nursing education project in Taiwan. FormerlyMiss Seyffcr was WHO senior nurse educator at the High Institute of Nursing,University of Alexandria in the UnitedArah Republic. In Taiwan Miss Seyffcris associated with the school of nursingat the National Taiwan University inTaipei, Taiwan. This school of nursingwas established with the help of WHOto improve the standards of nursing education and the quality of nursing service>" Taiwan. Assignment of WHO nurseeducators to the school which started in1952 is expected to continue until 1965.Miss Seylfer was associate professor ofnursing education at the Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C, beforeshe joined WHO in Alexandria in 1958.SARAH E. STEWART, PhD'39, ofBethesda, Md., was awarded an honorary9°etor of Laws degree at New MexicoState University in June. Dr. Stewart, amedical director in tlie commissioned corps°f the U.S. Public Health Service, is co-discoveror of the Stewart Eddy polyomacancer virus, and received the degree forner "outstanding achievement in cancerresearch. . ." In 1953 Dr. Stewart described the virus which later she culturedand designated as the SE polyoma virus-atumor-producing virus in mice. Assignedto the National Cancer Institute staff oftne National Institutes of Health, she nowspends the major part of her time in research with human tumors, using workwith the SE polyoma virus as a model.t-'r- Stewart is author or co-author of 42scientific papers.CHARLES II. PERCY, '41, president ofBell & Howell Co. in Chicago, was electedto the board of trustees of California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, in June.Mr- Percy is the fifth national trusteenamed by the school in a move to broadenthe geographic base of its board membership- Last year Mr. Percy's firm acquiredConsolidated Electrodynamics Corp. andestablished the Bell & Howell ResearchCenter in Pasadena.ROBERT II. SEHNERT, '4t, formerly ofjjclhesda, Md., is moving to Californiahis fan w]lere |1(, wj|] ),(, wor:;jng with'ne planning activities on the President'sstaff of Atomics International.MARVIN E. SMITH, '41, received a Dis-'nguished Service Award from the DrakeUniversity Alumni Assn. at the University'sfounders' Day Convocation on May 8.Mr- Smith is director of the local churchcurriculum of the Christian Board of Pub-cation in St. Louis, Mo. He supervises,c editing and production of curriculummaterials used in Sunday church schools,cadership schools and vacation church;Chools, and also edits a monthly magazine for administrators and teachers whowork in Christian education. Recently Mr.. ""t'l has developed a new curriculum for pastor of the First Christian Church inLewiston, Ida., and Stockton, Calif.HAROLD HAGEN, AM'42, who has beenchildren and youth specialist for the American Public Welfare Assn., since 1953, hasbecome the organization's Washingtonrepresentative. Formerly Mr. Hagen livedin Chicago.BRADLEY II. PATTERSON, JR., '42,AM'43, has been named executive secretary of the International Peace Corps inWashington, D.C. Mr. Patterson has servedin a variety of government positions, mostrecently as assistant cabinet secretary atthe White House since September, 1954.Previously he was with the Department ofState as a staff assistant and senior memberof the committee secretariat staff. In 1960,he received the Arthur S. Flemming Awardas one of the Outstanding Young Men inthe Federal Government. Mr. Pattersonand his wife, SHIRLEY DoBOS, '43, havethree children and live in Bcthesda, Md.HARRY G. KROLL, '45, '47, MD'50, hasjoined two other doctors in a practice oforthopedic surgery in Topeka, Kan. Dr.Kroll and his family formerly lived inRochester, Minn., where he completed afour-year fellowship in orthopedic surgeryat the Mayo Clinic.MARTIN D. KRUSKAL, '45, has beenappointed to the faculty of Princeton University with the rank of professor in theastronomy department, it was announcedin June. Mr. Kruskal went to Princeton asa research associate with Project Matter-horn in 1951 and was made a projectresearch staff member in 1956. Since 1959he has been a lecturer in astronomy whilealso serving as a senior research associateand head of the theoretical division atProject Matterhorn.FRANK J. ORLAND, SM'45, PhD'49,professor and director of Zoller DentalClinic at the U of C, was chairman of thesection on Pulp Pathology and Stress atthe International Association for DentalResearch meetings held in Boston duringMarch He was elected a director of theAssociation. Also in March he presidedas chairman of the Scientific LiteratureWorkshop at the American Dental Association Conference on Dental Journalismin Chicago.OLAF SKINSNES, SM'46, MD'47, PhD'47,professor in the department of pathology¦it the U of C, has been made a memberof the Board of Directors of the AmericanLeprosy Missions. His wife is ELIZABE I IIANDERSON, '47, '47.CHLOE STEEL, AM'46, PhD'60, hasbeen promoted to associate professor inthe French department at Agnes ScottCollege, Decatur, Ga., effective with the1961-62 academic session.CLIFFORD L. WINTERS, AM'46, PhD'49 was named in June as associate deanof University College, Syracuse University.Formerly Mr. Winters had been assistantdean of University College, the adult education division, since 1956. SymbolofProgressTHIS pylon on our new plant marksa milestone in our thirty yearsof service to organizationsrequiring fine skills, latesttechniques and large capacity.Our work is as diversified as theneeds and products of our customersPhoto press¦¦ijjiia<»!i.n.HJH'iCongress Expressway at Gardner RoadBROADVIEW, ILL. COIumbus 1-1420T. A. RDOWnST CO SidewalksFactory FloorsMachineFoundationsConcrete BreakingNOrmal 7-0433*7Ae S*cl"4ivt (2Ua*te%4We operate our own dry cleaning plant1309 East 57th St. 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.Ml dway 3-0602 NO rmal 7-98581553 E. Hyde Park Blvd. FAirfax 4-57591442 E. 57lh Midway 3-0607GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186ore"; lgh il"d I,igh •sd,"(,l.stucl('fs- Be'r ARNF ARENBERG, SM'47, collator""- taking his present position, he was C. AHNl^ AiiLmu , MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica -Bolex - Rolleiflex - Polaroid1342 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259NSA Discounts24-hour Kodaehrome DevelopingHO Trains and Model SuppliesSEPTEMBER, 1961 27HOCHSTEIN '48ated on a technical paper which appearedin the May issue of The American CeramicSociety Bulletin. Mr. Arenberg, seniorscientist for the ceramic and minerals research department of the Armour ResearchFoundation in Chicago, cooperated withtwo other authors to write the paper, "Refractories for Uranium Reduction."BABETTE CASPER BLOCH, '47, '49,and her husband, Sydney, of San Francisco, Calif., announce the birth of theirsecond daughter, Diane Rochelle, on April11.FBANCIS A. HOCHSTEIN, PhD'48, hasbeen appointed to the advisory board ofThe Journal of Organic Chemistry, amonthly publication of the AmericanChemical Society. Mr. Hochstein, who isa research supervisor for Charles Pfizer& Co. Inc., Groton, Conn., will serve afive-year term on the 26-member board.SIDNEY LISWOOD, MBA'48, hospitaladministrator of New Mt. Sinai Hospitalin Toronto, Ontario, writes that I960marked the establishment of a two-yearSchool of Nursing leading to the R.N.degree at the hospital, the first school ofits kind in Canada. The hospital alsoestablished an apartment house residencefor hospital staff. Mr. Liswood's wife isNATALIE SPRINGER, '42.RALPH R. SUNDQUIST, JR., AM'48, isnow associate secretary of the division ofprecommunicant education, Board of Christian Education, United Presbyterian Churchin Philadelphia, Pa. His wife, BERNITAWOODRUFT, AM'47, is a reader forEnglish courses at Marple-Newton HighSchool in Newton Square, Pa. Mr. andMrs. Sunquist live in Swarthmore, Pa.HERBERT T. WAGNER, MBA'48, hasbeen appointed medical director of Muscular Dystrophy Associations of America,Inc. He will be in charge of the Association's medical and scientific activities,with responsibility for processing its grants-in-aid to research, and for supervisingits network of clinics and other patient WAGNER '48services. For the two years prior to hisappointment, Dr. Wagner has served asexecutive director of the Medical Societyof the State of New York. Formerly hehad served as director of hospital servicesand regional medical consultant for theNational Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, and in hospital administration in several hospitals throughout the country.LINDELL SAWYERS, '49, '54, AM'58,was recently appointed to the staff of theBoard of Christian Education, of theUnited Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.,Philadelphia, Pa. He will serve as editorof Crossroads, a study and program magazine for adults. Prior to his assignmentwith the Board of Christian Education,Mr. Sawyers served as associate ministerof the First Presbyterian Church, Hammond, Ind.50-61WILLIAM W. WOOTTEN, '50, assistantprofessor of history at Arizona State University, and his wife, RUTH WITTIG,AM'53, announce the birth of a son, Jonathan, on February 23. Mr. and Mrs.Wootten live in Tempe, Ariz.ERIK K. BONDE, PhD'51, and WILLIAMSACKSTEDEH, '46, AM'49, PhD'53, wereboth promoted to the rank of associateprofessor recently at the University ofColorado. Mr. Bonde is in biology, andMr. Sacksteder is in the field of philosophy.Both are of Boulder, Colo.DWIGIIT CRAMER, AM'51, foreign affairs officer at the American Embassy inVienna, Austria, announces the birth ofa son, Steven Campbell, born on April 11in Vienna.MARIAN P. GODEIIN, AM'51, of OakPark, 111., was appointed in June as assist- SAWYERS '49ant director of nursing at the New Gottlieb Memorial Hospital in Oak Park. MissGodelm had serveel as supervisor of nursesin the Kaplan pavilion of Michael ReeseHospital and Medical Center, Chicago,since 1955. Formerly she was director orthe nursing service of Lutheran Hospitalin Moline, III. She is a member of theAmerican Nurses Association and the National League for Nursing.JOHN W. MeCOLLUM, AM'53, directorof the U of C University College "unionresearch and education project," conferredin Washington, D.C, last January withGeorge Meany, president of the AFL-CIU,on the study of possible trade union education projects in Latin America. The studyhas been undertaken under a grant of tn°AFL-CIO through the National Instituteof Labor Education. |OHN NUVEEN,'18, of Winnetka, 111., and a trustee of theU of C, serves on the policy committeewhich will review the plan when completed. Mr. Nuveen is president of JohnNuveen & Co. (investment securities), otChicago.HAROLD T. NEAL, MBA'53, has beenappointed Paramus (N.J.) plant managerfor the electronics division of ACF In dutries, Inc. Mr. Neal was formerly withCook Electric Co. in Chicago, where hewas vice president in charge of the 'I ran "Digital Systems division. Previously he naCbeen with Stromberg-Carlson, a divisionof General Dynamics Corporation, as business manager for electronics systems.DAVID UTLEY, '53, AM'60, has beenappointed the first full time adviser to foreign students at Northwestern University,Evanston, III. Mr. Utley, formerly of Ur-bana, 111., was assistant foreign studenadviser at the University of Illinois.HOWARD W. ALLEN, '54, AM'55, waspromoted from instructor to assistant pr°'fessor of history in the Buchtel College otLiberal Arts of the University of Akron,in Ohio. Mr. Allen has been at the university since the fall of 1959.CURTIS CLARE, '54, was named the pas-28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE^r of Mira Vista Congregational Church inEl Cerrito, Calif., in April.JAMES CRAWFORD, MD'54, PhD'61, isinstructor in medical psychology at the|/ of C Medical School. His wife is SUSANyOUNG, AM'55.URSULA BOHLE ELSHOLZ, AM'55, andher family have moved to Kiel, West Ger-?any> from their former home in Aachen,West Germany. Mrs. Elsholz's daughter,Cornelia, was born in June, 1958.STANTON T. FRIEDMAN, '55, SM'56,js a senior physicist with Aerojet GeneralNucleonics. He is "helping design thenuclear shielding for two nuclear powersystems for space vehicles." He adds, "Onels SNAP-8, which will power the first U.S.ftectrical propulsion system and the others kPUR, an electrical reactor which is thej?0st advanced space nuclear system underdevelopment." Mr- Friedman resides inAla^o, Calif.CHARLES T. HORNGREN, PhD'55, asso-*la*e professor in the U of C Graduatecnool of Business, has been appointedairman of the American Accounting Association's Committee on the Certified Publicaccountants Examination.COLEMAN SESKIND, '55, '56, SM'59,th. t *S a seni°r assistant surgeon ins^e U.S. Public Health Service, presentlyerving as a resident in clinical pathology£ *ne National Institutes of Health inbethesda, Md.^ARK SHAPIRO, '55, and his wife, ofsn o°' RY" announce the birth of aon> Stephen Alan, born February 20.ot bK BOWsHER, MBA'56, and his wife,J ^erside> HI., announce the birth of a™"> David Charles, on October 17, 1960.Int- Wsner is a sales representative fornternational Business Machines.f2LLY BARTHOLOMEW FEIGL, '56,'' received a Doctor of Philosophy de-L66 a^ ^e University of Minnesota, Min-neaPolis, in June.brWWARD GOLDFINE, PhD'57, of Cam-yea ^\ ^ass'' recently received a three-tL rAScn°lar grant in cancer research fromin t^ erican Cancer Society. He is workingUn* .C^emistry department of HarvardseaM^l^' DurinS tne Past year ms re~the c ^een concernecl witn tne syn"ls of fatty acids in micro-organisms.J^^A P. HAGEMANN, AM'57, hasof m West Virgim'a University Schoolant FSfng' Morgantown, W. Va., as assist-beeif r^.essor of pediatric nursing. She hadLou* nu °t0r °* nursing education at St.assiJI? Children's Hospital, and formerlypast and head nurse there* During theStat ^ar> she has assisted the Missouri0pine °^rd of Nurse Examiners in devel-r£rs? a«iliation contracts for schools ofPoint1? N* HAR™AN, AM'57, was ap-soci l c^airman of the department ofSan? AScience at Santa Ana College, in'anta Ana, Calif., in June.*&CE: L* HEIDKAMP, MBA'57, ad-Native assistant of MacNeal Memorial Hospital, Berwyn, 111., received the 1961Mary H. McGaw award for outstandingacademic work in Northwestern University's Hospital Administration Program. Mr.Heidkamp achieved an academic averageof 6.71 of a possible 7 points-the highestin his class-in work done for the degreeof Master of Science in hospital administration. The award, a $200 honorariumand certificate, has been provided annuallyby the founder and chairman of AmericanHospital Supply Corp. to the graduatedemonstrating high qualities of scholarship,industry and leadership. Mr. Heidkamplives in Brookfield, 111.AMY L. TATE, '58, received a master'sdegree from Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, in June.VIENNA L. THORN, AM'58, of Atlanta,Ga., is now a teacher of English andFrench at David T. Howard High Schoolthere.GODFREY T. BARRETT-LENNARD,PhD'59, and his family have moved toArmidale, New South Wales, Australia,where Mr. Barnett-Lennard is in the psychology department of the University ofNew England. The family has returnedto Australia after seven years in the U.S.,divided between Chicago and Auburn,Ala where he was assistant professor mthe' department of psychology at AuburnUniversity.RONALD E. FRANK, MBA'59, PhD'60,is assistant professor of business administration at the Graduate School of Business Administration of Harvard University.He lives in Cambridge, Mass.LOUIS GROSS, '59, of Cambridge, Mass.,is presently working as a F0grran}mexr/orthe Mitre corporation in Bedford, Mass.CHRIS D. KEHAS, AM'59, of Manchester,N H is a research counselor and teachingfellow in the graduate school of educationat Harvard University. This summer hewas on the staff of the University of NewHampshire summer school, teaching guidance counseling courses.MARIA LINDQUIST, '59 of Homewood,111., was married on June 17 to Dennis LWalbrandt. Mrs. Walbrandt has been ateacher in Homewood.HANNIBAL M. COX, JR., MBA'60, amajor in the U.S. Air Force, is now atWurtsmith Air Force Base m OscodaMich., assigned as job control officer. HeTplanning^o go to ^orge WashingtonUniversity in Washington, D.C. for hisPhD degree.TAMES ENGELBRECHT, AM'60, is work-L at the Public Health Service Hospitain Fort Worth, Texas. He is a clinicalsocial worker in the ^m^is^onerdinClr0r^of the Health Service with the rank otLieutenant, junior grade.HANS ENGELKE, AM'61, was appointedan instructor in the library department atWestern Michigan University Kalamazooeffective in September. Mr. Engelke haspreviously held positions at the U or CEnd at the University of Southern California. He also has degrees from theChicago Musical College and USC. RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMOnroe 6-3192Since 7878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Restored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. • LI 9-7180LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: HYde Park 3-9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERPOND LETTER SERVICE, Inc.Everything in LettersHooven TypewritingMultigraphingAddressogroph Service MimeographingAddressingMailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones: 219 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisYOUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTASTES BETTERWHEN IT'S . . .y RH MADE WITHSwifts,lce Cream iC Swift & Company7409 So. State StreetPhone RAdcliffe 3-7400SEPTEMBER, 1961 29memorialsSARAH CAPPS TINGLE, '98, of Eugene,Ore., died April 17.LEE BYRNE, AM'99, AM'17, of FortWorth, Texas, died on December 31, 1957.He was a retired lecturer in mathematicsand logic.RALPH C. HAMILL, '99, MD'02, one ofthe first psychiatrists in the Chicago area,died on July 5. Dr. Hamill had retiredfive years ago after practicing in Chicagofor 52 years. He was considered an expertin the field of neurology and had studiedpsychiatry for a time in Europe underSigmund Freud. While a student at U ofC, Dr. Hamill played football under CoachAmos Alonzo Stagg as an end and halfback, and in 1899 was named an Ail-American player. He taught at Northwestern University Medical School from1915 to 1936 and then was a professorat Rush Medical School, a post he helduntil 1941. He was a member at one timeor another of the staffs of five Chicagohospitals. For many years he served aspresident of the Illinois Society for Mental Hygiene.JOHN G. COULTER, PhD'OO, of Chicago,111., died on April 2.KARL A. DANIELSEN, MD'OO, of Litchfield, Minn., died on January 5.BENJAMIN SAMUELS, '00, president ofthe Yellow Cab Co. Inc., and resident ofChicago, died on July 24. Mr. Samuels was a former international president ofB'nai B'rith and a director of the American Taxicab Assn. He joined Yellow Cabas a lawyer in 1918.MAY E. COOK, AM'01, of Oak Park, 111.,died in April, 1961. She was a retiredEnglish teacher.MARY GRAHAM PLACE, '01, of Moores-ville, Ind., died on June 7. She was thewidow of ALFRED W. PLACE, '02, whodied in September, 1955.ELSIE HONN TYNDALE, '01, of Minneapolis, Minn., died on April 23. Mrs. Tyn-dale, 87, had planned to attend the 60threunion of her class in June.HOWARD B. WOOLSTON, '01, of Seattle,Wash., died May 30. He was on thefaculty in the University of Washingtonsociology department from 1919 until1947 when he retired. He headed the department from 1919 to 1927. After hisretirement, Mr. Woolston was a researchconsultant in sociology for many years.He was internationally known for workin sociological theory and group behavior.He formerly had been on the faculties ofWestern Reserve University at Cleveland,and the College of the City of New York.MAURICE MANDEVILLE, '02, of Moun-tainburg, Ark., died on June 5.ANNA MARSHALL MERRIFIELD, '02,of Chicago, 111., died on July 12.DAVID A. ROBERTSON, '02, presidentemeritus of Goucher College, died at hishome in Baltimore, Md. in July. Mr. Robertson headed Goucher from 1930 to 1948.He began his teaching career at the U of Cas an assistant in the English departmentand remained here until 1923 during whichtime he rose to the rank of associate professor and served as secretary to the University president, and as dean of the College. Since his retirement in 1948, Mr.Robertson had been active in Baltimorecivic affairs and had traveled abroad several times.WYNNE N. GARLICK, '03, of LongBeach, Calif., died on June 2. He was aretired teacher from Wilson High Schoolin Long Beach where he had taught for16 years. He was a member of the American Geological Society, English SpeakingUnion, Sons of the Revolution and several other organizations.OSCAR G. WAHLGREN, '03, retired attorney of Chicago, died on June 14, atthe age of 82. Mr. Wahlgren practicedlaw in Chicago for forty years. He wasa member of the Art Institute of Chicagoand the Swedish Club.MILDRED MARVIN THOMAS, '04, ofHastings-on-Hudson, N.Y., died on May25, 1960.WILLIAM T. STOUT, '05, of La Grange,111., died on May 12.WILBURN E. WOODRUFF, '05, ofMount Airy, N.C, died on April 16.SARAH T. PATTERSON, '06, SM'07, ofBeverly Shores, Ind., has died.FREDERICK W. OWENS, PhD'07, professor emeritus of mathematics at Pennsylvania State College, died on June 23. Mr. Owens served as head of the depart'ment of mathematics at Penn State frorn1926 until his retirement in 1949. Pre'viously he had taught in the departmenof mathematics at Cornell University frOIJ1907 to 1926. He was a member of manyprofessional organizations and served i°three years as director general of Pi ^Epsilon, mathematics honor society.LORA RICH RODEN, '07, retired librarian of Chicago, 111., died in November*1960.HELEN G. TODD, '07, of Berwyn, iU"died on October 24. She was a forme*English teacher.MARTHA A. CASON, '08, of Greenvil^Miss., died at the age of 91 on April »•Her field of specialty was Latin.ARTHUR A. GOES, '08, of Chicago, lH-»died on July 20. He was chairman of tneboard of Goes Lithographing Co., a member of the University Club and forme*director of the Illinois Manufacturers Assn-EARL C. STEFFA, '08, of Englewood,Colo., died on July 2, 1960.MARY J. LANIER, '09, PhD'24, of Wellesley, Mass., died on April 23. She taugn*at Wellesley College from 1917 until herretirement in 1939 when she was professorand chairman of the department of geography and geology.I. LEO WOLKOW, '09, of San Mateo,Calif., died on May 29. Mr. Wolkow whowas a life member of the Alumni Association, retired from business six years ago-He was a hair goods manufacturer. Mr-Wolkow's daughter is RUTH WOLKOWSHNIDER, SM'37.SUE CHATFIELD, '10, of Chicago, lM->died on July 11.HELEN INGHAM BARLOW, '11, ofAnderson, Ind., died on May 22. Mrs. Barlow was active in the Madison CountyCancer Society.CATHERINE CRAYTON, '11, died onJune 1 in Stanton Pines Home, Hopkins*S.C. She had moved to Hopkins in 195«from Everett, Wash., her home for *°years.HERMAN G. CUTHBERT, AM'H, ofNewark, N.J., died on April 30.ARTHUR H. PARMELEE, MD'll, staffpediatrician at Children's Hospital anoemeritus professor of pediatrics at tneSouthern California School of Medicine,Los Angeles, died on June 5. Dr. Parmelee,author of numerous medical articles anoa standard pediatrics reference book, wasgenerally recognized as dean of West Coaspediatricians. He was scheduled to re^ceive a Gold Key Award from U of ^Medical School on June 8. He served onthe faculty at U of C from 1915 to 1947.While in Chicago Dr. Parmelee was onthe medical staff at Children's MemorialHospital, then chief of pediatrics at &•Lukes Hospital and Cook County General Hospital.GWENDOLYN JAMES ROSCOE, '11, ofHighland Park, 111., died in March.HAZEL L. STILLMAN, 11, formerly ofChicago, died on May 17 in Long Beach,30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECalif. Miss Stillman was principal of TuleyHigh School in Chicago for 19 years until she retired in 1954. From 1930 to 1933she served consecutively as dean, assistantpresident and acting president of ChicagoNormal College, and at other times was°n the staff of five various public schoolsln Chicago, as elementary teacher andPrincipal, and high school teacher.FLORENCE WHITE YEOMANS, 11,djed on May 18, in La Jolla, Calif.MAUD F. APPLEYARD, 13, of Glen-Vlew, 111., died on January 23.CHESTER C. HAND, JR., 13, AM'44,of Oak Park, 111., died on' October 4, 1960.^ILUAM S. HEFFERAN, 13, JD15,ot Evanston, 111., died May 10. He retired in 1958 as vice president, generalc°unsel and director of the General American Transportation Corp., in Chicago, but"ad continued to serve the company as ac°nsultant. Mr. Hefferan formerly was aPartner in the law firm of Stein, Mayerar*d David.MARTHA GANO HOUSTOUN, 13, ofHouston, Texas, died May 22. She wasa longtime resident of Houston, and secretary 0f tne Tjn{versjtv of Houston board°t regents, of which she had been a mem-ber since 1946. She was also president°t the Neighborhood Settlement, a direc-t0r of the National Federation of Settlements and a member of many local organizations. In 1948 Mrs. Houstoun was a~s- delegate to the Child Congress atN*w York City.CHARLES E. MONTGOMERY, 13,PnD'30, died on March 16 at his home*n Garden Grove, Calif. Mr. Montgomery'seaching career spanned 51 years, the last^5 years as professor of biology and head°* the department at Northern Illinois6tate University, DeKalb, 111.CHARLES G. CISNA, 14, JD'16, pro-°ate judge in Peoria, 111., died on Decem-ber H, 1960.^ETITIA FYFFE MERRILL, 14, of^anta Monica, Calif., died on July 7. Sheserved as social director at the U of C?r three years during the 1920's underthe "Women's University Council." Hernusband, ROBERT V. MERRILL, PhD'23,°-led on January 1, 1951.^ILLIAM B. SHARP, SM'14, PhD'22,^D>14, of Galveston, Texas, died March^4. He was professor of bacteriology andpreventive medicine at the University of1 exas.LeHOY SLOAN, 14, MD17, professorerrjeritus of medicine at the University of.th'nois college of medicine, died in Michigan City, 111., on June 2. Dr. Sloan joinedtrie University of Illinois faculty in 1936a|ter teaching medicine at Northwestern^iversity, the U of C, and Rush MedicalCollege. He retired in 1957. He was pastPresident of the American College of Physi-Clans and former head of the medicalService of the Illinois Central Hospital.CARL O. STEPHANY, 14, retired highSchool teacher of Cincinnati, Ohio, died onMay 21. He had taught at Withrow HighSchool in Cincinnati. JOHN B. CHEADLE, JD'16, of Norman,Okla., died in 1960.G. SELTON FOWLER, 16, of Altadena,Calif., died on June 18. He was a salesman.JULIUS KAHN, 17, MD'20, of Los Angeles, Calif., died on February 4. Dr. Kahn,a specialist in internal medicine, served for30 years as instructor and clinical professor with the University of SouthernCalifornia Medical School.SAM A. ROTHERMEL, 17, of Chicago,111., died in Florida on September 27, 1960.ISADORE SANDOCK, 17, MD'20, ofSouth Bend, Ind., died on June 4.JOHN A. BONDZINSKI, 18, MD19,senior staff officer at St. Bernard Hospitalin Chicago, died on July 12. Dr. Bon-dzinski had practiced medicine for morethan 40 years in the Chicago area andlectured for many years at Loyola University Medical School.ABE R. ORECK, 19, of Stamford, Conn.,died on July 11. He was president of theInstitute for Gracious Living, a gourmetcooking school in New York City. Mr.Oreck was also a founder and managingdirector of Tassette, Inc., hygenic goodsmanufacturers, and director of the LincolnInstitute, an electronics school, both inStamford. Until four years ago Mr. Oreckhad lived in Duluth, Minn., where he waspresident of the First Street DepartmentStore for 30 years, and a past presidentof the Duluth Retail Merchants Assn.HENRY S. PORTOGALLO, 19, MD19,of La Crescenta, Calif., died on January 10.Sister MARY LOUIS TOWNER, 19, ofChicago, died in May. She was a teacherof romance languages at St. Xavier College, Chicago.ERNEST J. CHAVE, AM'20, PhD'24, professor emeritus of religious education atthe U of C, died on May 16 in Chicago.Mr. Chave joined the faculty in 1926, asan assistant professor, was made an associate professor in 1929 and a full professor in 1943, a position he held untilhis retirement in 1952. For more than 20years he studied the personality development of children in an effort to improvereligious education. Mr. Chave was executive chairman of the religious EducationAssn. from 1942-44, and a member of theInternational Council of Religious Education.WENDELL S. BROOKS, AM'21, of One-kama, Mich., died on March 21.LAWRENCE W. MILLER, AM'21, ofDenver, Colo., died in February, 1961. Mr.Miller was head of the psychology department at the University of Denver.MERWIN W. SWENSON, '22, of Sheboygan, Wise, died on December 31, 1960.EMILY C. WESTBERG, '22, of Chicago,111., died on April 13.VICTOR J. HAYS, MD'23, of Chicago,111., died on November 4, 1960.MARGARET EULASS HEFLIN, '23, ofDunsmuir, Calif., died on April 17. ELIZABETH B. HEINY, '23, formerly ofMilwaukee, Wise, died on April 15, 1960,in Kirksville, Mo. She had been an administrator in the lower elementary division of Milwaukee State College.ELEANOR MILLS HOLMES, '23, ofWinnetka, 111., died on July 4. She wasa member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and was former presidentof the Neighbors of Kenilworth, the Kenil-worth Garden Club, and the WoodleyRoad Garden Club. She is survived byher husband, JOHN S. HOLMES, '23,retired president of Warwick Manufacturing Corp.JENNIE A. RICE, '24, of Whittier, Calif.,died on May 28. Before her retirementfrom teaching she had been chairman ofthe mathematics department in the highschool at Marinette, Wise, and prior tothat was chairman of mathematics at thehigh school in Oconto Falls, Wise.JOSEPH SCHAEFER, MD'24, of Chicago, 111., died on June 29. Dr. Schaeferwas former chief of oral and plastic surgery at Cook County Hospital. He wasalso a professor of oral and dental surgeryat Northwestern University Dental Schooland served on the staffs of Chicago WesleyMemorial Hospital and Henrotin Hospital.CHESTER M. CULVER, '25, of Detroit,Mich., died on January 29, at the ageof 90.WALTER DORN, PhD'25, died on February 16. Mr. Dorn was professor of history at Columbia University, New York.AGNES STORIE, AM'25, of Lodi, Wise,died in 1958.ERNEST F. WEBSTER, '25, of GlenEllyn, 111., died June 30, 1957.ELRICK B. DAVIS, AM'26, of Marlboro,Mass., died on July 11, 1960.BERTHA G. OXNER, AM'26, of Chester,Nova Scotia, died on December 7, 1960,following a long illness.EDNA R. STEWART, '26, retired teacherof Rose City, Mich., died on April 4.JOSEPH A. WINDLE, '26, former teacher,of Evanston, 111., died on January 29.JOHN MURRAY, AM'27, of Jersey City,N.J., died on September 15, 1960.ELSIE BUSH WOOLSEY, '27, of Atlanta,Ga., died on April 16. She was formerassistant director of field work for theUnion Theological Seminary in New York,N.Y.LOUISE GRAY ZERWER, '27, of RiverForest, 111., died on June 15. She had beenan English teacher on the faculty of Morton High School in Cicero, 111., for 30years.GEORGE P. DEYOE, AM'28, professor ofagricultural education at the University ofIllinois, Urbana, died on July 14. Hismany contributions to agricultural education during a career extending over 38years are well known. He was the authorof three books in the field and a frequentcontributor to professional periodicals. Before assuming his position at the Universityof Illinois in 1947, Mr. Deyoe was a member of the agricultural education staff atSEPTEMBER, 1961 31Michigan State University for 10 years andprior to that a teacher at State TeachersCollege, Platteville, WiseMARGARET FORCE SYNNERDAHL,'29, of Oak Park, 111., died on April 24.CARL W. HANSEN, AM'30, of Cincinnati, Ohio, died on May 21.ELMER K. HIGDON, '30, former Philippine missionary of Indianapolis, Ind., diedon April 15 in Manila. From 1917 to 1936Mr. Higdon was a pastor in the Philippines, and executive secretary of the National Christian Council of the Philippines.Returning to the U.S. in 1937, he servedin several capacities with missionary work,until he retired in 1955 as executive secretary of the department of missionary selection and training of the United ChristianMissionary Society. Since retiring Mr. Higdon returned to the Philippines twice, toserve as minister to students at the University of the Philippines in Quezon City,and most recently as dean of the school oftheology at Silliman University.CAROLINE MARKS SCHANNON, '30, ofChicago, died on June 6.GERTRUDE E. REED, '31, of Sturgis,Mich., has died.THEKLA GYSEL ROBINSON, '31, AM'40, a Chicago teacher for 27 years, died onJuly 18. She had been a French teacherat Bowen High School for the last 18 yearsand was a former president of the American Association of Teachers of French.She maintained close contact with the Department of Romance Languages and Literature at the U of C and had manystudent teachers for her classes. In 1959Mrs. Robinson received a medal from JeanBeliard, French consul general in Chicago,for her promotion of cultural relations between the United States and France.BENTON ATWOOD, JD'32, of Elmhurst,111., died on May 24. He had law offices inChicago, and was active in the Republican Party in Elmhurst. He also servedas York Township justice of the peace. Mr.Atwood was a member of the Order ofthe Coif, honorary legal society.CHARLES L. DEEVERS, SM'32, PhD'36,of Clinton, Miss., died on June 13. He wasprofessor and head of the department ofbotany at Mississippi College, Clinton.Colonel WILLIAM W. R. PETERSON, '32,AM'34, of Pacific Palisades, Calif., died onJanuary 21. He was active in the U.S.Army Reserve and employed as publications manager for the western office ofPrudential Insurance Co. in Los Angeles.ELEANOR A. SYMMES, '33, of Redlands,Calif., died on June 17 at the age of 81.LOIS IRENE DRAKE, '34, died on October 31, 1960. She was on the staff of theFamily Service Society and Children's Bureau of Canton, Ohio.MARTIN DWORKIN, MD'34, of NewYork City, a specialist in tuberculosis andchest diseases, died on July 9 of a heartattack. Dr. Dworkin was with the chestclinic of Gouverneur Hospital and withthe Sidnev Hillman Clinic. He was alsoNew York examining physician for theNational Jewish Hospital of Denver. He32 had been on the medical board of theSaranac Lake Relief Society of New York,and was a fellow of the American Collegeof Chest Physicians and a member of theAmerican Trudeau Society.VIRGINIA BOOKWALTER FOLEY, '35,died on April 7, 1950, in Chicago.HUGH G. PRICE, AM'35, of Sacramento,Calif., died on April 4. He was chief ofthe bureau of junior college education withthe State Department of Education inSacramento.TREVOR D. WEISS, '35, MBA'38, of Chicago, died on June 16. Mr. Weiss wascaptain of the U of C tennis team thatwon the Big Ten Conference title in 1934and 1935. He operated a women's apparelstore until 1956 when he became a brokerfor Massachusetts Mutual Insurance Co.,where for five years he was among salesmen who sold more than $1,000,000 ininsurance a year.RICHARD H. CALLAHAN, '36, MD'38,physician in East Chicago, Ind., died onDecember 16, 1960.LAURA M. DAYTON, AM'36, of Paris,111., died on June 11, 1959.R. TRAVIS HARDAWAY, PhD'36, of NewYork, died on May 27. He was in theGerman Department of Queens College,Flushing, N.Y., and was chairman of thedepartment from 1937 to 1947, and from1952 to 1958.ALICE L. DOYLE, '37, of Chicago, diedon June 29, 1960. She was a retired schoolteacher, and had been assistant principalfor several years before her retirement fromthe Robert Barns School in Chicago.WILLIAM C. GALLAGHER, '37, assistant counsel and assistant secretary of theFederal Reserve Bank of Chicago, died onJune 14. Mr. Gallagher was second vicepresident of the Federal Bar Assn., and amember of the Chicago, Illinois and American Bar associations.SIDNEY KRAMER, PhD'38, of Washington, D.C, died on April 25. Mr. Kramerwas owner of a bookstore in Washingtonand founder of Anderson Kramer Associates, Inc., a small publishing house whichissues scholarly works. Mr. Kramer's bookbusiness was largely with government agencies, embassies, libraries and other institutions. He carried on extensive trade withforeign publishers, and last year was appointed first commercial agent in the U.S.for sales of British official publications. Hehelped to establish many public and academic libraries abroad, and was advisor tomany of Washington's leading writers, editors, congressmen and government officials.RUTH A. WISNER, '38, of Hammond,Ind., died unexpectedly on June 18 inSpringfield, Mo., as she was beginning avacation trip through the Ozarks. MissWisner had taught in Hammond schoolsfor 35 years, most of them at Edison Schoolwhere she taught the third grade.CLARENCE A. MILLSPAUGH, '39, retired publications officer for the U.S. PublicHealth Service and a widely publishedauthor of poetry and fiction, died on July15. He was of Washington, D.C, wherehe most recently was a writer with the office of the Surgeon General in the PubhcHealth Service. In the past he had bee"an assistant to the New York State Commissioner of Health and to the president ofthe State University of New York. He als°taught English at the U of C for a shortime and headed the English departmenat Shimer College in Mt. Carroll, 111.KATHERINE HAMILTON, '40, of Terr*Haute, Ind., died in March, 1961.CLIFFORD A. PATRICK, '40, died January 18. He was director of public welfarefor the City of Winnipeg, Manitoba.WENDELL L. EAST, '41, of Eureka, UJ"died on February 28. He was formerlydirector of Manumit School, a seven-gradeprivate school in Cornwells Heights, Pa.ROBERT F. RAMM, '41, '45, of Bloorn-field, N.J., died on February 24, 1960. Hewas minister of the Methodist Church &Bloomfield.LOUISE PETTAWAY GUY, AM'43, former teacher of Little Rock, Ark., died September 17, 1960.JAMES H. EASTERBY, PhD'45, of Columbia, S.C, died on December 29, i960-He was director of the Historical Commission of South Carolina.ROBERT M. STROZIER, PhD'45, formerdean of students at the U of C and forme'president of Florida State University, whodied in April, 1960, was commemorateoby Florida State at a memorial ceremonyin February at which the school's new$2,000,000 library was dedicated to n*memory. The ceremony included the unveiling of a portrait of Mr. Strozier, thegift of the Florida State graduates of 19?'and 1960. For twelve years Mr. Strozierserved at the U of C as a dean of studentsand professor of romance languages. &became president of Florida State in Sep'tember, 1957, and served in that officeuntil his death. Attending the ceremonieswas Mr. Strozier's widow, MARGAR^BURNETT STROZIER, AM'39, now assistant dean of students and chairman of t^admissions committee, U of C SchoolSocial Service Administration.RAMONA STEINBERG LIPSCHUTZ, '48,MBA'51, of Racine, Wise, died on January 11.CHARLES H. CONNELLY, AM'49, P^'50, of Augusta, Ga., died on July 1, WbU'He was a colonel in the U.S. Air Fore •MAX R. PEKARSKY, MBA'51, of Peoria111., died on March 18.JOHN I. GROSS, MD'54, of Chicago, diedJuly 20. He was an instructor at LaRam0.Institute and a staff member of the pe ,atrics department of Bobs Roberts Hosp*at the U of C Dr. Gross was doingresearch in rheumatic heart diseaseLaRabida.FRANCIS L. COLEMAN, MBA'57, of Forest Park, 111., died March 26.NEAL M. DURKIN, '59, of Chicago, dieon November 5, 1960.NAOMI SACKS, AM'60, of Chicago, &•>died on December 19, 1960. She **employed as a psychiatric social worat the Chicago State Hospital.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZlN#Beneath a field like this...is a complex communications centerIn minutes, an enemy attack couldlevel some of our sprawling cities.Because of this, the Bell System isnow supplementing its great reaches ofburied cable with a network of underground communications stations.Under the protection of a thick earthand concrete cover, and away frommajor target areas, several Bell Systemcommunications centers are already in operation. Many more are to come.The walls for these installations arehuge, reinforced concrete slabs. Ventilation systems filter air so fine thateven radioactive fallout cannot enter.Food and water are stockpiled. Livingquarters are provided for all operatingpersonnel.These buildings are costly. Toughto build.Yet, the Bell System recognizes thatcommunications are the lifelines of our defense systems. And so we took thelead in establishing these undergroundcenters with our own money.There are many other ingeniousprojects in our "Survivability" program for America's communications.Many cannot be mentioned here.Because of them, ambitious command, control and defense systemsare feasible. And our vast existingcommunications network is one ofAmerica's most ready defense weapons.BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEM UKWhat ifsomething happensto Mr. Mac?Mr. Mac is any of those key men who are soimportant in most businesses. His loss wouldmean serious and immediate problems formanagement. Many of these problems can besolved by key man life insurance with thefollowing benefits:• Provides cash to attract and train replacements, and to indemnify for temporaryloss of company earning power.• Provides cash to protect credit and endorsers of company's paper.• Provides cash to guarantee continuance ofdividends, to guarantee continuance ofbusiness and avoid dissolution, merger orforced sale.• Provides cash to retire any stock held bythe deceased, and to continue his salaryto his family.• This cash is free from federal income tax.Ask a Connecticut Mutual Life man to talkto you about how key man life insurance canfit your situation. He'll recommend a planwith guaranteed flexibility . . . one that canbe changed as your business picture changes.Talk with him soon, while your Mr. Mac ison the job.Dividends* paid to policyholdersfor 115 yearsOwned by its policyholders, CML provides high qualitylife insurance at low cost and gives personal servicethrough more than 300 offices in the United States.*Dividend fictile for 1961 increased 12}i% over 1960.Connecticut Mutual LifeINSURANCE COMPANY- HARTFORD.Your fellow alumni who are nowCML field representativesJoseph H. AaronEdward B. BatesChester F. GossRobert A. HavensPaul 0. Lewis, CLUFred G. ReedDan 0. SabathRussell C. Whitney, CLU '27 Chicago'40 Home office'52 Miami'50 Albuquerque'28 Chicago'33 Chicago'43 Chicago'29 Chicago