-f^Wt;^^7 r«* Bentennial celebrationIn -wrap-around coverThe 1960-61 College Announcementsare published in the most modernistic,attraetive volume ever produced by ourOffice of Official Publications; 200 pageswith 114 pictures ranging from John D.with Harper to the brand new Law Schoolgroup of buildings. The wrap-aroundcover is the double south gate (oppositeHull Court) to Stagg Field— in artisticsepia.The four-page historical introductionends with these interesting current statistics:• Contributions to the University sinceits founding total $269,016,414. Of this,founder Rockefeller personally gave atotal of $34,708,000.• The faculty numbers 809; 314 withthe rank of professor; 175 associate professor; 230 assistant professor, and 90instructor. In addition there are 316 research associates and 251 lecturers.• Enrollment on the quadrangles: 5,785of whom 2,183 are undergraduates, 2,409in the graduate divisions, and 1,193 arein the graduate professional schools.• The downtown program of the Graduate School of Business has an additional604 students; its Executive Program, 154;and University College in the Loop hasan enrollment of 2,064.• As of June 30, 1959, the Universityhad granted a total of 79,892 degrees todifferent individuals.There are sections on the College andits relation to the University; the purposesof the College (curriculum, general education, electivcs, etc.); student activities(the college houses, religion, etc.); admission standards, including early admission; expenses; details about the divisions,and other information you expect to findin such a publication.It occurs to me that many of you whohave written your concern about the recent college changes and asked for morespecific details might appreciate a copy.It would be too expensive to mail thisvolume to all 60,000 alumni. But if youwould like to have a copy with our compliments drop a card toHoward W. Mort5733 University AvenueChicago 37, IllinoisNo fight; no intellectual! smSaid Dean Alan Simpson in his interview with Laura Bergquist and NedRosenheim ( November issue ) :THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"The College of '46 was arrogant insome unjustified ways. It was excitingbut it was also a little unbalanced . . .some errors were committed which hadto be repaired. We believe we have repaired them. A very heartening thing isthe unanimity on the campus about whatwe are doing. There has been no minorityreport, there are no bitter divisions. . . ."This sets the stage for the followingcriptic letter from my good friends, Daveand Ann Broder. (Dave is with the Concessional Quarterly in Washington.)As alumni of the "arrogant, excitingi ut a little unbalanced" College Hutchinsran, we were almost ready to be persuadedalong with Laura Bergquist that the unreliable old New York Times had twistedthe news again in implying that there wasany retreat from intellectualism in thereconversion of the College curriculum.But Dean Simpson . . ¦ "tipped hismitt" when he claimed to find it "veryheartening" that there is "unanimity onthe campus about what we are doing."If it is true, as he claims, that "there hasbeen no minority report, there are nothater divisions," then the character ofti University has really changed.in Hutchins' time there were bitterdivisions and there were bitter divisions-and a damn good thing! Yours, DavidS. ['47, AM '51] and Ann Collar ['48, AM'51] Broder.Referring, again, to the same article,Laura Bergquist has said: "Then the realUniversity attitude has not really beenproperly voiced. . . ." And Ernest M. May,PhD '38, writes from Summit, New Jersey:Laura Bergquist is 100% right and it'sabout time the U of C Magazine informedthe alumni about what's happening atChicago rather than scholarly articles toup ft the alumni. . . ¦E.B. and publisherWISDOM is a swank ($3 per copy)bi-monthly magazine "of knowledge forlifetime learning and education" published by "The Wisdom Society for theAdvancement of Knowledge, Learning andResearch in Education, a non-profit educational publishing institution."A "Limited Edition" dated June, 1959,paid tribute to the Encyclopaedia Britannica and to its publisher, William Benton-honored with the Wisdom MagazineAward.h addition to the story of Britannicaand a detailed biography of "Benton ofBritannica" the 82-page edition carried 23articles "from the wisdom of the Encyclopaedia Britannica."I was fascinated by the genius of aneditor who takes verbatum sections ofBritannica and, with judicious editing,produces 23 accurate, readable articles onsuch subjects as Common Sense ("a termfet introduced by Aristotle"); Intelligence; Genesis— first book in the Bible;and Slang— -with a full page of examples.Now why didn't we ever think of thisfor our Magazine!Wi'ljam Benton, a University Trustee,was formerly a University Vice Presidentand was largely responsible for the University's present relationship with Britannica— with our faculty as editorial advisers and an income for the University of Chicago amounting to millions of dollars overthe past years.Incidental statisticsAmong the 358 registered in the LawSchool last year were students from 38states and 10 foreign countries.Former facultyGarfield V. Cox (Professor Emeritus-Business), with his wife, left for California in late September. In Novemberhe wrote:Yesterday we visited the late WilliamRandolph Hearst's castle near San Simeon.We find that the State took it over lastyear and it is not for sale. So we willhave to look elsewhere for a retirementhome.His letter sounds as though they arecircling lower and lower over Claremontwith a possible landing in early 1960.From Leon P. Smith, '28, PhD '30, Deanof the College of Arts and Sciences, University of Maryland:You might report to our mutual friendson the quadrangles that I am recoveringfrom the stroke I suffered fust a year agoand doing, as usual, as little work aspossible. Tell them that I shall notrecover sufficiently to become a southpaw pitcher, but you may recall that myright-handed tennis playing was fun onlyto me, fust funny to others.Leon P. Smith will be remembered bythe students of the thirties as the populardean who tried to keep you folks awayfrom each others throats in the areas offraternities, clubs, and student activities.It wasn't easy so he finally gave up andbecame a navy officer during the war inorder to live a more peaceful life.Up from a wet heapMarion White Dickey, '31, was recentlyvoted the 1960 St. Louis AdvertisingWoman of the Year. Marion is the ownerof the unique St. Louis Hostess Co. whichwelcomes 2500 families a year to St. Louiswith complimentary products from thebusiness houses and introductions to otherSt. Louis families through her Newcomers'News and her All-States Club. In 1957she added the St. Louis Bridal Bureau,Inc. to her chain of services and beganpublishing Prelude to Your Wedding.Marion White, in her senior year onthe Midway, was Women's Editor of theDaily Maroon and the lone woman onthe five "man" Maroon Board of Control.It was the women's year in the U.S. forJane Addams shared the Nobel Peace Prizewith Nicholas Murray Butler; the PulitzerPrize novel was Margaret Ayer Barnes'Year of Grace; Pearl Buck's The GoodEarth was a best seller and later a NobelPrize winner; Marie Dressier was votedthe best actress, in Min and Bill; and thewell dressed lady wore a Eugenie Hat.But when Marion was graduated therewere nearly five million unemployed and,by September, the country was in themidst of a bank panic. Marion got a jobin the President's office with her nameon a rubber stamp. Soon her departmentwas abolished and she left— with the rub ber stamp. She became assistant officemanager with the National AlumniateCorporation.Some five years later she met andmarried a young officer of the Companyin St. Louis. Twenty-four hours after thewedding an automobile accident putMarion in the hospital. During her convalescence she learned how lonesome andcold a city could be. So she joined theAll-States Club and began organizingspecial interest groups among these newcomers to St. Louis.By 1945 her daughter, Betty, was fouryears old and their new home was complete. Then tragedy struck again in St.Louis. Her husband, who had never fullyrecovered from the accident, died suddenly. Says Marion:"The day after the funeral I sat downand did some thinking. I decided thatif I sat in a corner in a wet heap Iwouldn't be much of a mother for Bettyand even if I weren't a wet heap itwouldn't do to center my attention on her.I figured I'd better have an outside interest."Three days after the funeral she purchased the St. Louis Hostess Co. In fourteen years of devoted service to strangersMarion White Dickey has moved from awet heap to the St. Louis woman oftlie year.I wrote Marion a note of congratulationsand on the day before Thanksgiving shepulled her DeSoto into the Alumni Officeparking lot for a brief visit. With her washer mother, who lives in Chicago, andher daughter, Betty, a freshman at Washington University. It was a Thanksgiving reunion for us all. She had that sameMRS. DICKEYenthusiasm that had made her a star inFrank O'Hara's annual Mirror show inthe days when I was director of the Reynolds Club.And that's part of the fun of being aReynolds Club director and an alumnisecretary for over thirty-two years.H. W. M.JANUARY, 1960 1UNIVERSITYMAGAZINE5733 University AvenueChicago 37, IllinoisMidway 3-0800; Extension 3244EDITOR Marjorie BurkhardtFEATURES3 A Rockefeller Chapel Concert Rehearsal6 The Public and Private UniversityChancellor Lawrence A. Kimpton16 The Darwin Centennial Celebration18 The Evolutionary VisionSir Julian HuxleyDEPARTMENTSI Memo Pad10 News of the Quadrangles24 .'.Class News32 MemorialsPHOTO CREDITSCover, II, 16-23, 33: Albert C. Flores; 3-5,12-13: Lee BaltermanThe University of ChicagoALUMNI ASSOCIATIONPRESIDENT John F. Dille, Jr.EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Howard W. MortADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANTRuth G. HalloranPROGRAMMING Lucy Tye VandenburghALUMNI FOUNDATIONDirector John A. PondChicago-Midwest Area Florence MedowREGIONAL OFFICESEastern RegionW. Ronald SimsRoom 22, 31 E. 39th StreetNew York 16, N. Y.MUrray Hill 3-1518Western RegionMary LeemanRoom 318, 717 Market St.San Francisco 3, Calif.EXbrook 2-0925Los Angeles BranchMrs. Marie Stephens1195 Charles St., Pasadena 3After 3 P.M.— SYcamore 3-4545MEMBERSHIP RATES (Including Magazine)I year, $5.00; 3 years, $12.00Published monthly, October through June, by theUniversity of Chicago Alumni Association, 5733University Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois. Annualsubscription price, $5.00. Single copies, 25 cents.Entered as second class matter December I, 1934,af the Post Office of Chicago, Illinois, under theact of March 3, 1879^ Advertising agent: The American Alumni Council, 22 Washington Square, NewYork, N. Y. for cruise and Southern resortOUR COLORFUL SPORTWEARfeaturing our own exclusive stylingInteresting designs and materials, and bright colorings highlight cruise and Southern resort wear thisseason. Our selections include:(shown) New (wash-and-weary Odd Jacket ofDacron*-and-cotton in a neat checked patternwith fatch pockets. Br own- and- tan or navyon natural grounds, $37.50Lightweight Odd Jacket of Dacron* '-and-wool inunusually interesting new colorings in good-lookingplaid and striped patterns, $70Odd Trousers oj washable Brooksweave y our originalDacron* and cotton blend in bamboo , navy, tan, red,mustard, charcoal or medium grey, $ 1 6.50Odd Trousers oj Dacron* -and-wool in medium orcharcoal grey or olive-brown, $25Also Bermuda shorts, sport shirts and other items"::'Du Pontes fiberESTABLISHED 1818tefurnisliings,346 MADISON AVE., COR. 44TH ST., NEW YORK 17, N. Y.1 1 1 BROADWAY, NEW YORK 6, N. Y.BOSTON • CHICAGO • LOS ANGELES • SAN FRANCISCO(^jBSTTljGgzrT^aorTijCorTtj^^2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEA Rockefeller ChapelConcert Rehearsal—THE BRAHMS FESTIVALAs one of the highlights of its concert season,the University Choir presented a Brahms Festivalthis November 15. With members of the ChicagoSymphony Orchestra and guest soloist GeorgeLondon of the Metropolitan Opera Company, thegroup performed "Naenie," a choral setting of apoem by Schiller in its first Chicago performance,"The Four Serious Songs," and "A GermanRequiem."It was a serious, austere program, ranging fromthe more serene, mythical atmosphere of "Naenie"to the pessimistic preoccupation with death expressed in the "Songs." In the "Requiem," whichwas sung in English, one found the contrasts ofits great dramatic climaxes and such passages asthe gentle, idyllic "How Lovely is Thy DwellingPlace."With the conviction that, while the final performance of such music is intended to delight theear, perhaps the working situation of a rehearsalwould offer more to fascinate the eye, we tookthese photos. The motley Saturday morning clothing of the performers and the scattered instrument cases in the pews are a strange sight forthose familiar with formal Rockefeller concerts.Photos: Lee BaltermanJANUARY, 1960 3Other presentations at Rockefeller during thisconcert season include Handel's "The Messiah"on December 13, and Bach's "The ChristmasOratorio" on December 27 and "St. John Passion" on April 10.4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"The Four Serious Songs," inwhich Mr. London was soloistwith the orchestra, gave the choiran opportunity to disperse intothe Chapel, sit back, and listen.JANUARY, 1960 5CHANCELLOR LAWRENCE A. KIMPTON 'SADDRESS BEFORE THEAMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF LAND-GRANTCOLLEGES AND STATE UNIVERSITIESThe Public and Private UniversityThis November 11, when Chancellor Kimptonaddressed the leaders of the nation's publiclyfinanced colleges and universities, he bluntlyinvited a reopening of the debate between whatthe New York Times calls "the two great campsof higher learning"Noting that it hadn't occurred to him until hecame to prepare this speech, Mr. Kimpton admitted that as college student, faculty member,or administrator, he has never been associatedwith a public institution. While speaking fromthis clearly untainted position, Mr. Kimptonwas probably also recalling and taking issuewith a recent statement of the American Council on Education which gave its position in itstitle: "The Need to Close Ranks in HigherEducation."The Times reports that the public school representatives reacted to Mr. Kimpton' 's challengewith little fervor. "Perhaps in unfairness toDr. Kimpton, the leaders of public higher education probably suspect that his loving cup wasfilled with hemlock. It is not very likely thatthey will drink it."THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETJL.HERE is a saying among lawyers that all family quarrels are over money, and in this materialistic age, manymight add that there is nothing else worth quarreling about.In this controversy, too, the main issue seems to be money,though it certainly has other dimensions and indeed deepand far-reaching implications.It is no secret, I suppose, that the private colleges anduniversities are hard up. There are many reasons for thisunfortunate situation, among them the inflation and its impact on endowment yield, the enormous number of newcauses that compete for the philanthropic dollar, and thewidening gap between the cost of education and the tuitioncharge that the private institution dares to make. I think,too, that there is another factor not often mentioned inpolite society, but I assume I am not speaking in politesociety. Actually, the major private universities are nothard up absolutely; they are becoming hard up relatively-relative, that is to say, to the public universities, which, inthe last quarter century, have grown immensely, in size,stature, and wealth. It is true, I believe, that, in the firstdecade of this century and on into the twenties, the University of Chicago towered in the Middle West. Our competition for money, faculty and students was with Harvard,Yale, and Columbia, and our attitude was friendly but patronizing toward our surrounding public sisters. I hope weare still friendly, but there is nothing patronizing todayabout our attitude toward our neighboring universities ofthe Mid-West— and, frankly, we are scared to death of theUniversity of California at Berkeley. Harvard remains smugand Yale aloof, but I can assure you they are scared too.This situation has all the makings of a family quarrel,and there has already been a great deal of fussing and feuding. This quarrel is not confined to the major universities;the smaller private colleges, as a peculiarly oppressedminority, have displayed particular bitterness. Nor do Iwant you to think that tempers flared chiefly among theuniversity presidents; it usually was at a lower echelon.Whatever one chooses to say about us, we observe theamenities, at least in public, even on such inflammatoryissues ^as the permissible limits of football mayhem. As anacademic vice president some years ago, I was surprised byhow polite my president and a neighboring public university president were to each other on a speaking platform,since I knew each thought the other an ass. When I expressed my surprise in private to my president, he said,"Well, you see, he really is an ass."I first became aware of the growing dimensions of thisquarrel when the low birthrate of the thirties made it difficult to recruit students. It was shamelessly stated by recruiters for some private institutions that public universitieswere socialistic in concept and Godless in instruction; thatone could not get a decent education in a public universityamong the hordes of undergraduates; that social standingand job opportunity were conferred only by the privateinstitution. The same sort of thing was going on, though in a more subdued way, in the recruitment of the ever-scarce good faculty member. Department heads in privateinstitutions muttered darkly about loyalty oaths, legislativemeddling, heavy teaching loads, and lack of freedom forinvestigation. The case against the public university, if onecould call it that, probably reached its crescendo in thefield of money-raising. Here, all the socialistic and Godlesscharges were repeated, but a lot of new twists were givento the arguments. It was claimed that public educationwas extravagant and wasteful, and that the private institution could do a better job at lower cost. Corporations weretold that they could expect competent research people onlyfrom the private universities— until the du Pont Companydiscovered that it had more scientists from the Universityof Illinois than from any other university. It was suggestedthat real pioneering and innovation could come only fromthe private university. Finally, it was asserted that quantityand quality could not go together, and that the public institution dealt in inferior mass production while the privateuniversity dealt only in superior students in small, well-conducted classes.I think it fair to say that the private institutions startedthe quarrel, but I would be remiss if I let you believe thatour public sisters took all this lying down. They deniedthat they were Godless and socialistic, they claimed thatthey were as free if not freer than the private institution;they cried that it was a low blow to say that they spentmore to educate a student than the private college; andthey emphatically asserted that quantity and quality couldand indeed did go together. Nor did they rest their casewith a defense; they moved on to the attack. They suggested, if they did not say right out, that the private institution was a relic of a by-gone period before the publichad assumed responsibility for education, and they pointedto the ancient British and Continental universities whichbegan as private enterprises but are today supported by thepublic purse. They even implied that the private institution served no other purpose today beyond giving the sonsand daughters of the rich a phony accent and the dubiousprivilege of sporting the old school tie.Now all of this is pretty rough stuff, but it still mighthave been ignored as one of those family brawls that pass,leaving the members more affectionate even than before.Anyway, there were students enough for all on the horizon,and, as the economic situation improved, money was easierto come by. But within the last several years, a sharp, hard,and single issue has arisen which proves to be far moredivisive than the wild, free-swinging fights of the past.The private universities have had to raise their tuitionuntil the cost differential between public and private is nolonger nominal; it is substantial. More than that, the private institutions would like— indeed will be forced— to raisetheir tuition charges even more within the next few years.There are good reasons for this action, both financial andmoral. The private institutions have to have more freemoney, and, if I may use the phrase, more recurrent money.Private philanthropy is a very fine thing, but the donor'swishes and the university's needs do not always coincide.The foundations, bless them, usually support, without overhead allowance, some one-shot, break-through project thatdoes not help with the coal bill or even the pencil bill.Tuition income, on the other hand, is good, hard, freemoney that comes in year after year and pays professor'ssalaries and keeps the plant going. Anyway, from a moralpoint of view, why shouldn't a student pay for his education if he can afford to and why shouldn't the private institution charge what its product costs? It is the professorand his family who are currently subsidizing higher education and, if labor can talk about a day's work for a day'spay, why can't the academic world? All these are argumentsJANUARY, 1960 7that the private institutions have made among themselves,and the results are apparent. Tuition has gone up yearafter year, and my guess is that a figure of $2,000 will notbe uncommon within another six to eight years.Now comes the rub. To put it in the crassest terms possible—and I know this will offend many of the brotherhood—it is hard to market a product at a fair price when downthe street someone is giving it away.MARKETING EDUCATIONThe ability of a private institution to raise its tuitionhas varied inversely with its proximity to strong publicinstitutions. It was only natural, therefore, that presidentsof private institutions, singly and collectively, should suggest to the heads of neighboring public universities thatthey raise their tuition rates, thereby reducing this ruinouscompetition. There were probably other and more generous motives present. The public universities are* hardpressed too, and all higher education could be elevatedand improved by having more money enter all our budgetsin this period of unparalleled general prosperity. The suggestion was received by the public institutions withoutenthusiasm; in fact, they thought it was a lousy idea andsaid so.It is presumptuous of me to try to state your case, butso many of us on my side of the widening intellectualdivide have had trouble in understanding your reasons thatI will try. I suppose the first reason was that, even if youwere sympathetic to our proposal, you didn't think youcould get by with it in the legislature. Free public education is a popular cause, and increasing tuition is not a wayto win friends or influence voters. Moreover, monies receivedfrom increased tuition would probably only be subtractedfrom the general legislative appropriation and publicfunds thus saved would be siphoned off into roads,public works, and other charges upon the state's resources.But there is another and far more profound reason, andone that I deeply respect. It is central to the philosophyof public education. At whatever level, education is not acommodity to be bought and sold. It is a natural right,and should be as free to all as the air we breathe. Thiscountry, with one of the highest literacy rates in the world,was built upon this Jeffersonian principle. It is immoralto treat learning as anything but a gift which each stateowes to all its sons and daughters.Here, then, we find the issue fairly joined, and on bothfinancial and moral grounds. The private institutions haveno choice but to raise their tuitions substantially above thepresent levels. Something of value is being given, and thestudent who has the means should pay for it. It is immoralfor the faculty member and his family to subsidize thestudent. The reply is that education is being treated asan economic commodity, which it is not. The state owesto everyone the opportunity to receive all the educationhe has the ability and will to acquire, and any other viewof education is debasing and erroneous. Moreover, anysubstantial increase in tuition among public institutions isprobably politically impossible and, in any event, would notreally assist the economic status of the public institution.In family quarrels, it is not uncommon to call in a minister, a marriage counselor, or occasionally even a judge,who tries to reconcile the opposing views, usually by seeking higher ground from which a better perspective can beobtained. I have no great confidence in these well-intentioned people when hard, substantive issues are involved. They are usually right, and occasionally soothing,but too often they ignore the point that the only way tolive together is to find a way to live together. If you are going to have a quarrel in higher education,they suggest, this is a poor time to have it. We live jja divided world, and higher education is probably the k%\to the survival of Western civilization. The only thinothat should concern us is excellence in higher educationand the distinction between good and bad has nothing todo with the distinction between public and private. Thereare good and poor universities on both sides. More thanthis, diversity, whether in education or in anything else,is a long-established and valued American principle. Wedo not want a monolithic system of higher education; weneed precisely the kind of variety that public and privateprovide. And if there develops a little competition betweenthem, this also follows an old and valued American principle. A little touch-up now and again is healthy for bothparties at issue, and keeps us on our toes. Now this is the* stuff of which counseling is made, and I have listened toand indulged in a lot of it in my time. It is often true, itis edifying, and if it is well done, everybody feels justdandy— for a little while. But hortatory admonitions arenot solutions to real problems and may even keep us fromfacing the issues; there are real issues here, and there isno point in dodging them by making a high-soundingemotional appeal.The first real issue, I think, is the case for private universities and the case for public universities. If we areboth doing the same thing and in the same way, then thereis no such thing as a case for the private university or acase for the public university. The importance of makinga case appeals more strongly, perhaps, to the private educator. He obviously has to have some ground upon whichto justify a higher tuition and gifts beyond the tax contributions already made to the public institution. But Iventure to say that the same thing holds for the publiceducator. He must be able to face the legislature or thecitizens of his state and give some rationale for higherlearning at public expense. If the identical job is beingdone by each of us-, then neither of us has a case. Onthe other hand, each of us must be able to state his caseas one in which he truly believes, but without unnecessaryoffense to the other. Now this is not an easy problem toresolve and I can only make a faint beginning in this statement, though I insist that it must be done if we are tomeet one of the real issues before us.May I dismiss quickly those private institutions whichare church-related, experimental, or devoted to some specialsubject matter or issue. These institutions contribute tothe diversity of the American educational scene and allowour citizens the value of a happy variety of choice. ButI think that the major case for major private educationmust turn upon a different issue.EDUCATION FOR AN ELITEWhy shouldn't we in private education admit veryfrankly and without invidious comparison that we existto train an intellectual elite who have already proved thatthey are worthy of a higher education? This might becalled the aristocratic theory of higher education, and Idon't see anything wrong with it except the rhetoric, whichmany people, of course, will find offensive. These samepeople display a curious ignorance of both history andhuman nature. There have always been some superiorindividuals, and true democracy depends upon this aristocracy. Our private institutions should be highly selectiveat all levels of entrance, and as a result they will be andshould remain comparatively small. Like most other aristocratic organizations, they will charge all the traffic will8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEbear, but no more than the traffic will bear. I mean bytnis that the tuition charge will be high enough so that^ will bear a substantial part of the cost or even more thanthat of the education of the young person, but a number0f scholarships will be provided for those who are aristocratic in brains but not in purse. If we are honest andforthright about all this, we can make some other statements which I think are true. Classes will be smaller andmore attention will be paid to the individual. There willbe more opportunity for flexibility and experimentation incurriculum and teaching methodology. The private university does not have to be so immediately responsive to publicneeds, and it should and indeed must be prepared toexperiment, to find new ways, and provide a stimulatingleadership for all higher education. It can make moremistakes than the public university— and I ought to know.And, all right, let's throw in a little snob appeal. We doevery place else in American life and I don't know whyeducators have to hold up their hands in holy horror atsuch a thought. The appeal is snobbism at its highest level.You will be with an intellectual elite where the very bestattention possible will be given to your education fromthe beginning. These are the rudiments of a case, I suggest,for private higher education. It is limited to those whohave already proved themselves to be outstanding; it issmall enough to be flexible and viable; and particular careand attention will be lavished upon those fortunate oneswho belong to this intellectual elite. People of means canbe asked to contribute to such an enterprise out of theirdesire to encourage the recognition and the progress ofthe uncommon man.The case for public higher education is the opposite ofthis in most ways. There is a great need for a regionalinstitution of higher learning that is immediately responsiveto the needs of its own area because it is a creature anda creation of its public. Moreover, we have never developed or will ever develop testing instruments sufficientlysensitive to predict success. Every young person in America Is entitled to the opportunity for an education, and thepublic university symbolizes the kind of hope and promisethat America has always represented. Of course it will belarger— it has to be. Of course it will have a higher percentage who drop out because they are unequal to theopportunity. But the opportunity must exist. I don't wantto grow mystical about this, but the states of Illinois,Nebraska, and Minnesota would be very different placesif it were not for their state universities. My father wasa poor farm boy from Kansas, and my name is not byaccident Lawrence. The University of Kansas meant forhim a whole new way of life that otherwise would havebeen beyond his and his family's wildest dreams. Thepublic university as it meets the needs, both individualand regional, of its area, is the symbol and the actualityof the democracy that is America.This is a big country and it has room within it forgenuine diversity. I find nothing offensive in the development of two cases for higher education, one of an intellectual elite and the other of a broad democratic majority. Ibelieve, furthermore, that each of these cases could bedeveloped with thought and study to give no offense tothe other, and at the same time both would be true statements of the meaning and value and indeed necessity ofpublic and private higher education in this country.The second issue is this deeply troubling matter of tuition, and here I suggest the outlines of a solution whichmay be unsatisfactory to the public group, but let me havea try at it. All of us here would agree that we must havemore money for all higher education, public and private.In what I have said before, I have been concerned to emphasize the needs of the private institutions, but youare really no better off than we. Your legislative appropriations, while they have increased substantially in thepast ten years, have not kept pace with the inflation, andthere is no one of you who has a physical plant adequate,even in prospect, to meet the needs of 1975. You are wellaware, too, that the demands upon your state are increasingconstantly for all sorts of goods and services and for additional educational services as well. Every state I know ofis contributing more and more to the local communitycolleges and is of necessity absorbing within the statesystem, institutions once provided for by municipal orother funds. You need all the money you can get or areeven likely to get and you know it. Is there anythingintrinsically wrong with your increasing your tuition wellbeyond the present levels though still well below theprivate university tuition, so long as you do not excludeanyone in your state from receiving the opportunity foran education? This means only that you ask the youngpeople of your state to contribute to their education whatthey can afford but no more than that. Then you could stillsay with all honesty that anyone in your state is entitledto an education and will receive it if he is concerned tohave that opportunity. We of private education wouldenthusiastically join you in selling this idea to your legislators and to the people of your states.VARIATIONS ON THIS THEMEYou might well ask me at this point what differencewould remain between public and private education. Aworld of difference would still remain, for the principleof private education would be careful selection and theprinciple of public education would be broad inclusion.But this proposal would be a way of assisting the privateinstitutions in doing something they have to do and assisting yourselves in something that you also are going tohave to do in some fashion at some point.There may be variations on this theme that can beplayed to advantage. The State of Illinois, for example-and Dave Henry joined me in recommending this action—has created a system of state scholarships which areawarded to Illinois students and which can be used inany institution of higher education in the state, whetherpublic or private. This tends to equalize the tuition between public and private and channels more state moneyinto the entire field of higher education. There are doubtless other devices which will allow the private college anduniversity to survive and the public university to guaranteethat all who desire may learn.I do not pretend that these suggestions are a final solution to our problem, but they may have some value inproviding guidelines for men of good will who honestlywish to see an end to this divisiveness. Diversity, however,is a virtue, and we need to agree, with no overtones ofinvidious comparison, upon what each of us uniquely contributes to this great institution of higher education inAmerica. And we must help each other in the coming daysto bring more support to both our houses or surely a plaguewill fall upon them. When we have realistically faced theissues and have started toward their solution, then theexhortations of honest counseling may move us to furtheraction. We do live and our children and our children'schildren will live in a divided world. The future of Westerncivilization does lie far more in our hands than in those ofstatesmen, soldiers and the makers of munitions. We areindeed the custodians of the values of our world, and theseare not the times to go quarreling among ourselves.JANUARY, 1960 - 9The first unit of the new men's residencehall is now rising on the corner of55th street and University Avenue. This is alocation familiar to many alumni asUniversity Tavern. The boys will know it differently when they move in next fall.NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESTuition rates riseTuition rates will go up to $350 perquarter this year, or $50 more than iscurrently assessed, according to JohnKirkpatrick, vice chancellor of the University. These figures do not includethe $20 per quarter general servicesfee. Altogether, then, fees for threequarters of full registration will amountto $1110."There will be no increase for students in the Divinity school or in theGraduate Library school," according toChancellor Kimpton. "Our tuition ratesin Divinity are already higher thanthose of comparable schools— Harvard,Yale and Union," Mr. Kirkpatrick explained. "The same holds true for theLibrary school." Tuition in the Divinityschool is currently $690 plus fees; theLibrary rate, which is now the same asthe other graduate schools, will remain$900 plus fees.The Medical school, which this yearassessed $33 more per quarter than wascharged in the other schools, will raiseits tuition only $17 per quarter to bringit into line with the general Universityassessment.Tuition rates for partial registrationhave not yet been determined. Currently a single divisional course costs$140 plus twenty dollars in fees, whilea full registration of three courses costs$300 plus the $20 general services fee."A tuition increase sends shiversthrough the entire 'Ad' building," Mr. Kirkpatrick said, "arid though we'rebearing up well under the cold, wedon't like it at all. We are franklyafraid of pricing ourselves out of themarket." The new tuition rates werenecessitated by several factors: a stationary enrollment, a need for unrestricted funds, the partial failure of theUniversity's recent thirty-two milliondollar campaign, and the increased costof running the University."We had hoped for and expectedtwo or three hundred additional students this year," Mr. Kirkpatrick explained. "Had they turned up, it wouldhave meant two or three hundredthousand extra dollars in our generalfund, and we wouldn't need such alarge increase."Unrestricted funds are moneys whichcan be spent in any way the Universitydesires. Most contributions made toUC are for specified purposes, such asbuilding construction, endowment fundsand so forth. Few people give moneywhich can be spent paying for electricity and coal. The University recently concluded an extremely successful financial campaign; attempting toraise $32,000,000, it actually collectedtwice that amount. However, very littleof the money was not committed. Forthe past few years the treasurer of UChas been using half a million of thiscampaign money to underwrite theannual budget, but these funds arenow exhausted and an additional sourceof five hundred thousand dollars had to be discovered.The tuition increase is expected toproduce almost exactly that amount.Fifty dollars per quarter from eachstudent would produce about $750,000,according to Mr. Kirkpatrick. Subtracting 25 per cent of this total for scholarships, the increased tuition will contribute almost exactly half a million tothe University's treasury.Scholarships will be increased proportionately. Thus a student with afull scholarship, will still pay no tuitionA student with a half tuition scholarship, will retain a half tuition scholarship, only now he will be paying hallof $1050 instead of half of $900-"Several years ago, when tuition wasstill $690 a year, I made a speech tothe effect that one of the first thingsthe University must do is lower tuitionto a reasonable size," Mr. Kimptonmused. "I was quite wrong— quite reluctantly wrong. I sincerely hope tuition levels off, but I can't promise.When we absolutely need more moneyand a tuition increase is the only possible source of increased funds, whatalternative have we?"Hyde Park's answerto Madison Avenue"The Tree," Hyde Park's singularand internationally famous classifiedadvertising medium nearly succumbedto vandalism this Halloween when children stripped it of its bark and hackedaway at its base. The sight of monn-10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEment, fallen to the pavement, inspireda Maroon reporter to trace its history:"There seems to be some disagreement concerning the genus of the tree,some circles contending it to be of thepoplar variety and others claiming itto be an elm. According to Harry H.Chumley, proprietor of Woodworth'sbookstore, in front of which it stands,the poplar enthusiasts are in the right.Also in dispute is the date of the tree'sappearance on 57th street. Thoughauthoritative sources maintain that thetree was planted in 1915, dates reaching as far back as 1893 have beensuggested."Whatever the case may be, the treegrew to sizable proportions and remained unmutilated for 40 years, serving solely as a contribution to thebeauty of 57th street."About 18 years ago, some perceptiveindividual tacked a bit of paper to thetree, the message of which remainsunknown. It wasn't long before othersfollowed and the tree finally emerged asa melting pot for notices of lost and• found articles, items for sale or trade,places for rent, and personal messages."These messages are sometimes tragicand often humorous. Examples of theformer include: "Lost our 5-month-oldbaby. Will give handmade clothing tomother of child same age," and "Lost money for desperately needed operation. Finder please return and giveowner gift of life.""Notices of the more humorous naturethat have appeared are: "Please givemy cat a home and be good to himuntil I grow up," and "Hi-fi set for salecheap. It's perfect, but I need themoney to finish the semester."Since 1954 this landmark has survived as a stump severed at the heightof about ten feet. Dead, and rapidlydecaying, it has continued to serve thecommunity. Though it can survive foronly a few more years, it has now beenagain set upright and firmly anchoredin a base of concrete. Covered withits usual coat of fluttering notices, itcontinues as the inexpensive and effective trading post for assorted merchandise and witticisms it has always been.The costs continue to riseExpenditures to operate the University in the last fiscal year again haveset a record. John I. Kirkpatrick, vicechancellor for administration, reportsthat operational expenditures for thefiscal year ended June 30, 1959, totalled$103,509,985. Current income, for thesame period, totalled $103,771,777. Allof the unspent amount of $262,792is committed for future expenditures.Included in the figures are $52,698,- 694 of income and expenditures for theoperation by the University of theArgonne National Laboratory in Le-mont, Illinois, and three other specialcontract projects for the U.S. Government. They are the Chicago MidwayLaboratories, the Institute for Air Weapons Research and the Air Force's Systems Research Laboratory. Excludingthese four special governmental projects, income for the University of Chicago during the year was $51,073,083,and comparable expenditures were$50,811,291.Mr. Kirkpatrick pointed out that itwas the first time that the Universityof Chicago's consolidated expendituresin a fiscal year had been more thanone hundred million dollars. "Thesefigures demonstrate all too clearly thatthe cost of maintaining one of America'sgreat modern institutions of higherlearning continues to rise," Mr. Kirkpatrick said."Private universities in the UnitedStates must continue to have a high-level of support from the communityat large, their alumni, corporations,foundations and governmental agencies. This report, I believe, providesthe documentary proof needed for sucha statement."During the year, the University'sendowment funds increased $9,105,144.JANUARY, 1960 11-V«*»»This figure resulted primarily fromgifts, bequests and capital gains oninvestments. This endowment figurenow stands at $210,196,000.A breakdown of the University ofChicago's income and expenditures during the fiscal year excluding the Argonne National Laboratory and otherspecial projects follows:Income: 1958-59Student Fees $ 6,777,692Endowment Income 6,785,304Income from patients 10,902,547Cifts for currentoperations 7,471,123U.S. Governmentcontracts income 10,787,065Auxiliary enterprises 5,731,426Sundry incomeTotal incomeExpenditures:General administrationand general expenseInstruction and researchLibraryStudent servicesStaff retirement expensePlant operationStudent aidAuxiliary enterprises 2,617,926$51,073,083& 2,408,65933,009,010974,8881,123,6401,352,5534,243,9022,091,3655,607,274Total expenditures $50,811,291The student fees income representedan increase of $914,707 over the previous year and was almost entirely dueto rate increases. The total number ofdifferent students (11,574) was 729(5.9 per cent) less than for the previous year (12,303). These enrolmenttotals exclude students enrolled in certain adult-education Home-Study, andprecollegiate programs.Gifts, grants, and bequests receivedduring the year for all purposes, excluding United States Governmentgrants, totaled $10,854,105. This maybe compared with $24,856,575 receivedduring the previous year, which wasthe last year of the special Universityof Chicago Campaign and during whichone large bequest accounted for $12,-650,120 of the total. During the current year $1,608,690 was received aspayment of Campaign pledges made during previous years, as comparedwith $4,056,134 received the previousyear.Of the. total contributions of $10,-854,105 received during the year,$2,636,581 was for capital purposes(endowment, plant, etc.). Of the remainder, $7,266,115 was otherwiserestricted as to use, while $951,409was for unrestricted purposes subjectto designation by the Board of Trustees.Foundations and charitable institutions accounted for 46.2 per cent ofall contributions received during theyear, business corporations and groupsaccounted for 18.9 per cent, individualgifts, 19.7 per cent, and bequests 13.5per cent.Mr. Boorstin on Eastern tourHistory professor Daniel J. Boorstinhas been chosen to be the first government-sponsored American academicianto lecture in Nepal. Mr. Boorstin isscheduled to make an extensive lecturetour of the Near East and the Far Eastunder the U.S. Department of State'sinternational educational exchange service program. He will lecture on American civilization and American historyin leading universities and at culturalcenters in those areas.His tour, which began this November, includes Ankara, Turkey; Teheran,Iran, and Karachi, Pakistan. About mid-December, he is scheduled to arrive inNew Delhi for a briefing session priorto delivering a series of lectures inIndia and Nepal. Then, during theChristmas period, Mr. Boorstin will flyto Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal,for a series of lectures there on theUnited States. Nepal is on the northeast border of India in the Himalayas.It has a population of 5,600,000 andcovers about 54,000 square miles. Hesaid that the State Department hadinformed him that he will be the firstAmerican, under the education exchangeprogram, to lecture there.Mr. Boorstin began his career as alawyer. A native of Atlanta, Georgia,his family moved to Oklahoma whenhe was two years old. He received hisearly education in Tulsa's public < mnschools, then, not quite sixteen, heentered Harvard University where, in1934, he received a bachelor of artsdegree in English history and literature.As a Rhodes Scholar, he studied lawat Balliol College, Oxford, England,and in 1937 became one of the fewAmericans entitled to practice in HerMajesty's high Courts. But shortlythereafter, he received a Sterling Fellowship to Yale Law School where, in1938, he received a doctor of jurisprudence degree. From 1938 to 1942,he taught legal history, and Englishand American History at Harvard. Hewas on the faculty of Swarthmore College (1942-44), and in 1944 becamea professor of American History at thtUniversity of Chicago. He is the authorand editor of a number of books, including the prize-winning The Americans: The Colonial Experience. Hiscomments on contemporary Americaappeared in the December issue of theMagazine.New eye surgery methodEye operations without surgical opening of the eye can now be performedat the University Clinics with a new$13,000 ophthalmological machine. Themachine, a light coagulator importedfrom Germany, works by producingan extremely powerful beam of lightgenerated by a xenon arc lamp. Thehighly concentrated 3600-watt beam-brighter than sunlight— is directed intothe eye with an instrument similar toan ophthalmoscope, the device usedto examine the interior of the eye. Thewhole machine is about the size of afile cabinet.Prior to treatment, the pupil of theeye is dilated. The beam of light canthen be pinpointed on the exact spotwhere surgery is indicated. The highintensity of the light beam then coagulates the tissue on which it is focused.Dr. Frank W. Newell, professor ofsurgery and chairman of the ophthalmological section of the department ofsurgery, reports that principal uses ofthe coagulator will be to treat tumorsof the iris and the back of the eye, toclose retinal holes in cases of retinal12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESCIENCE OPENHOUSE— 1959More than 1,000 teen-agers, like these stretching theirnecks to get a good look at the kevatron, came fromIllinois, Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin to visit the scientific laboratories of the University this November. Theyoungsters and their teachers were attending the fifthannual Science Open House, a one-day opportunity forselected high school students to see for themselves whatscientists do at a major research and teaching center, tomeet the professors and see their equipment.JANUARY, 1960detachment, ana to open a new pupilin irises scarred by injury or disease.Because the eye is not opened surgically when the light coagulator is used,no anesthesia is needed, according toDr. Newell. However, a nervous patient or a child must be quieted withdrugs to prevent movement duringtreatment.It is also possible to operate witha minimum of eye damage becausethe eye is not opened. For instance,with the coagulator, a series of treatments can be given for certain conditions such as retinal detachment. Sucha series is impossible if the eye hasto be opened surgically each time.The instrument will also be used toconduct research in improving operative techniques, and in studying themechanisms of eye diseases such asglaucoma, retinal detachment and cataracts, and wound healing. Developedat the University of Bonn in WestGermany several years ago, the lightcoagulator was first used in the UnitedSlates about a year ago. The machineat the University Clinics is the. firstin the Chicago area.Physicist joins facultyRobert W. Thompson has joined thefaculty of the University. The 39-year-old physicist was appointed professorjointly in the Department of Physicsand the Enrico Fermi Institute forNuclear Studies.ftMR. THOMPSONMr. Thompson is the discoverer ofthe theta meson, an elementary nuclear particle. Through refined observations after its initial detection during observations from 1951 through1953 in a unique cloud chamber de signed at the University of Indiana,the theta meson turned out to be aneutral form of the K-meson, whichalso has positive and negative forms.The world's largest magnetic double-cloud chamber is being built here onthe campus for his research on cosmicrays of the highest energy level.Mr. Thompson said that this 100-tondouble cloud chamber and the building to house it, both under construction, should facilitate the search amongother things for "unstable particles ofeven higher orders of strangeness.""This is the exciting. new directionresearch in nuclear physics is taking,"according to Mr. Thompson. "We arenot so much interested now in thestructure of .the nucleus as in the structure of the neutron and the proton—the components of the nucleus."Mr. Thompson, who received hisbachelor of science degree from theUniversity of Minnesota and Ph.D.from the Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology, participated in basicatomic energy research during WorldWar II. He served on the IsotronProject at Princeton University from1941 to 1943 and then was on thestaff of the atomic bomb developmentgroup at Los Alamos, New Mexico until 1945. He is the author of severalpatents relating to atomic energy.After earning his doctor's degree in1948, he joined the faculty of IndianaUniversity where he rose to the rankof professor. In coming to the University of Chicago, Mr. Thompson broughtwith him his basic laboratory equipment including the early model of thenew double-cloud chamber. He iscarrying on research projects under thesponsorship of the Office of OrdnanceResearch of the U.S. Army and theNational Science Foundation. He isalso designing a bubble chamber forstrange particle research with the ZeroGradient Synchrotron being built atthe Argonne National Laboratory whichthe Universitv of Chicago operates forthe A.E.C.Cosmic rays, which contain the highest energy particles available to bombard the sub-atomic world, approachthe earth's atmosphere with energiesestimated as high as one billion electron volts, ln contrast, the acceleratorunder construction at Argonne National Laboratory will reach a levelof 12.5 billion electron volts.Mr. Thompson points out that thetwo techniques of studying sub-atomicparticles— one through the use of cosmic rays and the other through man-made accelerators-do not conflict. Eachhas unique advantages. "Cosmic raysdeliver a much greater variety of particles at much higher energies but at a much lower intensity than do accelerators," Mr. Thompson said. "However, accelerators have the advantageof producing pure, high intensity beamswhich are essential for controlled experiments."As cosmic rays strike atomic nucleiin the atmosphere they produce newparticles, mostly mesons. The double-cloud chamber at ground level is designed to observe the effects of suchcollisions. A "cloud chamber" literally manufactures a thread-like cloudalong the track of a cosmic ray particle, making it visible. "We hope toincrease the level of energies whichcan be studied at least one order ofmagnitude," Mr. Thompson said. "Thatwould mean we would be able to observe particle energies at least 10times larger than 50 billion electronvolts, the maximum previously observed." Mr. Thompson holds thatrecord for a 50 billion electron voltobservation with equipment at IndianaUniversity.The $50,000 building under construction at 57th Street and InglesideAvenue is of prefabricated steel construction. Inside, the double chamberwill be installed. The top chamberwill be about a yard square by afoot deep. It will be surroundedby a 100-ton iron-cored electromagnet that will change the course ofsome of the cosmic rays and aid inthe identification of particles as positive or negative. Direct stereoscopic photographs of the tracks ofcloud vapor will be made by speciallydesigned cameras functioning througha wedge-shaped hole in one pole ofthe huge magnet. A half-ton layer ofcopper will be the target on top ofthis chamber. The lower chamber willbe slightly larger and will be dividedby a series of 25 metal plates, each onecentimeter thick. The double cloudchamber has been designed, Mr.Thompson said, to permit the additionof a third unit. This would be mountedabove the present first chamber togive "more detailed information aboutthe primary interaction" of the cosmicrays which enter the apparatus.A sparing rod"A good whack on Johnny's bottomworks wonders," but spanking shouldbe a sometimes thing, according toDr. John F. Kenward of the ChildPsychiatry Clinic of the University.If a paddling is the only kind ofdiscipline a parent gives, he said, thereis something radically wrong betweenthe parents and the youngster. A combination of spanking and strong wordsof disapproval rapidlv can convince achild that the parent means business,he said.14 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"If the parent uses spanking sparingly and only when other methodshave failed, the child's psyche willnot be ruined," he said. After a childhas reached the age of five, spankingshould be used very rarely, Dr. Ken-ward said in his address at the American Academy of Pediatrics' 28th annual meeting this October."If punishment is used, the childshould be told why in each instance.An example of the reverse case is themother who deducted an amount fromthe child's allowance each week depending on how good or bad shethought he had been. She did notrelate deduction to specific behavior."The major problem facing parents indisciplining children is in decidingjust what they want the child to do.Any indecision on the part of the parents is quickly detected by the childwho may then prove obstinate to future decisions. The child may say tohimself, "If they don't know what theywant me to do, then I do."Two grants for researchThe John A. Hartford Foundation,Incorporated has granted $325,883 tothe University to step up basic biochemical research that may supply thekey to cancer. It will allow more intensive pursuit of "hidden viruses" thatattack living cells. University researchers also will accelerate studies of normal cell life and of cell regulatorssuch as sex hormones.According to Earl A. Evans, Jr.,director of the three-year research program, "we cannot predict which lineof attack will provide the key to theultimate break-through which will resolve the cancer problem. We areconfident, however, that the explanation of the cancer mechanism lies somewhere in the understanding of cell biochemistry."Evans is professor and chairman ofthe Department of Biochemistry at theUniversity of Chicago. Other principleresearchers are Eugene P. Kennedy,Herbert Anker, and Brigit Vennesland,all professors of biochemistry at theUniversity of Chicago.The Hartford Foundation (grsmt tiestogether four long-term basic researchstudies at the University. They are:1. Professor Evans' 10-year study ofthe biochemical ways in which virusesproduce disease and may trigger sometypes of cancer. Viruses are believedto take over cell processes and causedisease by two known methods, whichare being investigated by Evans.2. Investigation by Professor Kennedy of the yet unknown way in whichcells synthesize lipids or fats. Lipidmaterial is one of th<£ ihajor compon ents of both normal and tumor cellsand is especially important. in nervoustissue. In his study, underway since1950, Mr. Kennedy has been successful in extracting from normal cells theenzymes that are responsible for making some of the most important lipids.He is now observing their actions outside the cell in the test tube.3. Professor Anker's study of anotherbasic cell process, the bio-synthesis ofcomplex protein molecules, a researchproject begun in 1946. A major objective of this research is the use of new"counterfeit" amino acids which willharm cancer cells but not normal cells.Amino acids, the building blocks ofprotein, are required for survival byall cells.In collaboration with Anker, GeorgeN. Catravas is studying the metabolicprocesses in whole organs, such as theliver.4. A study by Professor Venneslandof the means by which steroid hormones work on cells. The steriodhormones are believed to be closelyrelated to the appearance and controlof cancerous growth. Professor Vennesland has been studying the detailedmechanism of this hydrogen transfersince 1951.In September 1958, the HartfordFoundation made a grant of $301,600to the University of Chicago to support a study of pulmonary hypertension.Chemicals in the composition of connective tissue will be studied undera three-year grant of $122,791 fromThe National Foundation. Connectivetissues include the bones, tendons, andcartilage and a material called groundsubstance that binds the cells together.The new "March of Dimes" grant isthe largest grant ever received by theUniversity from The National Foundation."Finding out how the body makesand maintains connective tissue is anessential step toward understanding theiheumatic diseases, including rheumatic fever and rheumatoid arthritis,"said Dr. Albert Dorfman, director ofthe research program. All forms ofarthritis affect some kind of connectivetissue.Dr. Dorfman and his associates willconcentrate on the molecular structureand mechanisms of eight complexchemicals, known as acid mucopolysaccharides, which are believed to becrucial in connective tissue composition. These chemicals apparently speedthe healing of wounds and assist thebody in resisting infection. The scientists also suspect that the acid mucopolysaccharides are involved in thetransfer of nutrients from the bloodto the cells. Major conference plannedfor springFour Nobel Peace Prize winners willattend a conference on "The Reductionof World Tensions" to be held at theUniversity, May 11-13, 1960.The first of a series of formal working sessions preparing for the springconference was held on campus lastmonth. Participating were Lester B.Pearson of Canada, winner of the 1957Nobel Peace prize who is chairman ofthe conference; Paul G. Hoffman, managing director of the United NationsSpecial Fund. Of the five other livingNobel Peace Prize winners, three alreadyhave said they will attend the springconference: Lord Boyd Orr, England,1949; Dr. Ralph J. Bunche, U.S.A.,1950; and Philip Noel-Baker, England,1959. Invitations have been extendedbut replies have not yet been receivedfrom Albert Schweitzer, France, 1951,and Rev. Dominique Georges Pire,Belgium, 1958.The conference is being sponsoredjointly by the University and WorldBrotherhood, Incorporated. The planshave been praised by both PresidentEisenhower and Adlai E. Stevenson.President Dwight D. Eisenhowersaid: "I believe that democratic solutions to mankind's problems requireprivate citizens to take responsibility tostudy, to think, to speak, and to act.If World Brotherhood, beginning withthis University of Chicago project, cancarry forward a program in the comingyears which will promote thoughtfuldiscussions by the most able citizensof the United States and of othercountries concerning our complex international relationships, the cause ofpeace— which is the cause of all nations—will be served."Adlai E. Stevenson, leader of theDemocratic Party, said: "A hundredyears ago, even fifty, perhaps evenfifteen, to speak of World Brotherhoodwas, I suspect, to adorn with rhetoricwhat was at most a remote ideal.Today, however, it has become aninsistent, demanding reality, thrust uponus whether we accept it or not by ascience that has broken down thefences which had before separatedthe peoples of the world."D. Gale Johnson, professor of economics at the University and chairmanof the faculty committee on the conference, has announced three majorareas have been charted for discussion:1— Barriers to communication.2— Inequalities between poor andrich areas of the world.3— Gaps in the rule of law for theresolution of large classes of international conflicts and disputes.Seven background papers are nowbeing prepared by scholars.JANUARY, 1960 15THE ECENTECELEBThis November 24-28, during Thanksgiving week, nearly fifty scientists andscholars from nine nations, includingRussia, gathered on campus to participate in the Centennial Celebration ofthe publishing of Charles Darwin's Origin of the Species. Among them wereSir Charles Darwin, a grandson ofCharles Darwin, and Sir Julian Huxlev,a grandson of Darwin's great advocate.More than 2,000 persons crowded meetings to hear these authorities discuss thebasic questions of evolution which havestirred mankind for the past 100 years.They discussed questions such as:How did life begin?What happened before it started?Is the evolution of man completed?Does evolution mean progress?How did man develop mind?Where did society come from?How does culture shape the future?Is there evolution beyond earth?What is man's fate?Summarizing the proceedings of theCelebration, Sir Julian said, "Futurehistorians will perhaps take this Centennial week as epitomizing an important critical period in the history ofthis earth of ours— the period when theprocess of evolution, in the person ofinquiring man, began to be truly conscious of itself. This is, so far as Iam aware, the first time when authorities on the evolutionary aspects of thethree great branches of scientific study,the inorganic sciences, the life sciences,and the human sciences, have beenbrought together for mutual criticismand joint discussion. We participantswho are asesmbled here, some of usfrom the remotest parts of the globe, by the magnificently intelligent enterprise of the University of Chicago,include representatives of astronomy,physics, and chemistry; of zoology, botany, and paleontology; of physiology,ecology and ethology; of psychology,anthropology and sociology."We have all been asked to contributean account of our knowledge and understanding of evolution in our specialfields to the Centennial's common pool,to submit our contributions to the criticism and comments of our fellow participants in quite other fields, to engagein public discussion of key points inevolutionary theory, and have our contributions and discussions published tothe world at large."The actual program took the form offive panels, all grouped under the titleof "Issues in Evolution." They included:"The Origin of Life," "The Evolutionof Life," "Man as an Organism," "TheEvolution of the Mind," and "Socialand Cultural Evolution." The panelsbrought forth such interesting and newideas as C. H Waddington's thoughtsabout why man believes things easilywhen he is very young, and H. J.Muller's ideas on the favorable relationof natural selection to the improvementof the species and the unfavorableinfluence of cultural selection. Participants brought such new information asthat of L. S. B. Leakey, curator of theCoryndon Memorial Museum in Nairobi, Kenya, who recently discoveredthe fossil skull of an man-ape creaturethat arose 750,000 years ago in SouthAfrica.On Thanksgiving afternoon, a specialconvocation was held in RockefellerChapel in honor of the Centennial Cel ebration. Receiving honorary degreeswere seven of the participants in theCelebration, who are shown at right.Speaking at the convocation was SirJulian Huxley. This controversial address, attacked by a number of religiousleaders across the nation, appears inpart on the following pages.Asked to comment on the speech.Acting Dean of the Chapel and Dean ofthe Disciples Divinity House, WilliamB. Blakemore, said:"Huxley asserted that religion alongwith other elements of culture, hasevolved and will continue to do so.Far from announcing the coming demise of religion, Sir Julian prognosi-cated religion's future character. Theconcluding and climactic paragraphsof his address were devoted to outlining the lineaments of the newreligion, and, as Huxley himself said,'what might be called its theology.'"Huxley identified religion as apsychosocial organism relevant tohuman need, an organism subject toevolution; the theology of the futurestate or religion, as he presented it,can properly be identified as a humanism. There was certainly nothingnovel in hearing such ideas expressedat UC and even in RockefellerMemorial chapel."The evolutionary character ofman's religion was recognized herea half century ago, and was expounded—even homiletically— by suchUC figures as Shailer Mathews, deanof the Divinity school, Edward Scrib-ner Ames of the Department of Philosophy, James Tufts, John Dewey,Ellsworth Faris of the Departmentof Sociology, and others. Certainly16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE[ALflONA. Eustace Haydon was as eloquenta protagonist for humanism as couldbe heard anywhere."The great significance of Sir Julian's address is that he placed humanism in the context of a very grandidea, namely, the general theory ofevolution. To do so was new, forwhile it has been in the making formanv decades, it has been only recently that a general theory of evolution as over against such specialdoctrines as a theory of biologicalevolution or of social or of culturalevolution has been propounded."The year 1859 saw the launchingof a doctrine of biological evolution,while 1959 and the Darwin Centennial are surely already famous forproviding the platform for large-scaleexposition of a doctrine of generalevolution."The program for the whole Centennial was no somber, solemn thing.It included a special Thanksgiving dinner held in the Commons and acces->rized by candlelight, and nightlyperformances of a musical especiallywritten for the occasion, "Time WillTell." As in Huxley's address, the general tone of even the scientific discussions was one that combined scientificand human concern with this evolvingworld— and in the end, with the development and future of mankind.Sir Charles Darwin at one point inthe Centennial admitted that he thoughtit was possible to construct a mechanical man. It would be able to thinkind act, even write poetry . . . but hehastened to add that it would be poetrythat could only be appreciated by amechanical woman. Sir Charles Darwin(right)physicist and grandsonof Charles Darwin.Theodosius Dobzhansky,professor of zoologyat Columbia University.Sir Julian Huxley,biologist, author and philosopherwho has contributed greatlyto the development ofevolutionary theory.Alfred L. Kroeber, professor ofanthropology at the University ofCalifornia, creative scholar andleading historian of culture.Hermann Joseph Muller,renowned geneticist, Nobel Prizewinner, distinguished service professorof zoology at Indiana University.George Gaylord Simpson, professorof vertebrate paleontologyat Harvard, who has elucidatedman's position inthe earth's biologicalcommunity.Sewall Wright, professorof zoology at the Universityof Wisconsin, whosecontributions to genetic anddevelopmental biology led to anincreased understanding of theprocesses of evolution. BBINS WRIGHTJANUARY, 1960 17THE EVOLUTIONARY VISIONExcerpts froma convocation address bySir Julian HuxleyAlexander H. White Visiting Professorof Biology and Anthropologyat the University TJL HIS is one of the first public occasions on which it hasbeen frankly faced that all aspects of reality are subjectto evolution, from atoms and stars to fish and flowers, fromfish and flowers to human societies and values— indeed thatall reality is a single process of evolution. And ours is thefirst period in which we have acquired sufficient knowledgeto begin to see the outline of this vast process as a whole.Our evolutionary vision now includes the discovery thatbiological advance exists, and that it takes place in a seriesof steps or grades, each grade occupied by a successfulgroup of animals or plants, each group sprung from a preexisting one and characterized bv a new and improvedpattern of organization.Improved organization gives biological advantage. Accordingly the new type becomes a successful or dominantgroup. It spreads and multiplies and differentiates into amultiplicity of branches. This new biological success isusually achieved at the biological expense of the olderdominant group from which it sprang, or whose place ithas usurped. Thus the rise of the placental mammals wascorrelated with the decline of the terrestrial reptiles, andthe birds replaced the pterosaurs as dominant in the air.Occasionally, however, when the breakthrough to a newtype of organization is also a breakthrough into a whollynew environment, the new type may not come into competition with the old, and both may continue to coexistin full nourishment. Thus the evolution of land vertebratesin no way interfered with the continued success of theteleost bony fish.The successive patterns of successful organization arestable patterns: they exemplify continuity, and tend topersist over long periods. Reptiles have remained reptilesfor three hundred million years: tortoises, snakes, lizardsand crocodiles are all still recognizably reptilian, all variations of one organizational theme. It is difficult for lifeto transcend this stability and achieve a new successfulorganization. That is why breakthroughs to new dominanttypes are so rare— and also so important. The reptiliantype radiated out into well over a dozen important groupsor orders: but all of them remained within the reptilianframework except two, which broke through to the newand wonderfully successful patterns of bird and mammal.In the early stages, a new group, however successful itwill eventually become, is few and feeble, and shows nosigns of the success it may eventually achieve. Its breakthrough is not an instantaneous matter, but has to be implemented by a series of improvements which eventuallybecome welded into the new stabilized organization. Withmammals, there was first hair, then milk, then partial andlater on full temperature-regulation, then brief and finallyprolonged internal development, with evolution of a placenta. Mammals of a small and insignificant sort hadexisted and evolved for over 100 million years before theyachieved a full breakthrough to their explosive dominancein the Cenozoic.Something very similar occurred during our own breakthrough from mammalian to psychosocial organization. Ourprehuman ape ancestors were never particularly successfulor abundant. For their transformation into man a series18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEoi steps were needed. Descent from the trees; erect pos-faxe; some enlargement of brain; more carnivorous habits;the use and then the making of tools; further enlargement0f brain; the discovery of fire; true speech and language;elaboration of tools and rituals. These steps took the betterpart of half a million years: it was not until less than ahundred thousand years ago that man could begin todeserve the title of dominant type, and not till lesj than10,000 years ago that he became fully dominant.After man's emergence as truly man, the same sort ofthing continued to happen, but with an important difference. Man's evolution is not biological but psychosocial:it operates by the mechanism of cultural tradition, whichinvolves the cumulative self-reproduction and self-variationof mental activities and its products. Accordingly, majorsteps in the human phase of evolution are achieved bybreakthroughs to new dominant patterns of mental organization, of knowedge, ideas and beliefs— ideological insteadof physiological or biological organization.There is a succession of successful idea-systems insteadof a succession of successful bodily organizations. Eachnew successful idea-system spreads and dominates someimportant sector of the world, until it is superseded by arival system, or itself gives birth to its successor by abreakthrough to a new organization system of thought andbelief. We need only think of the magic pattern of tribalthought, the god-centered medieval pattern organized roundthe concept of divine authority and revelation, and therise in the last three centuries of the science-centered pattern, organized round the concept of human progress, butprogress somehow under the control of supernaturalAuthority. In 1859, Darwin opened the passage leading toa new psychosocial level, with a new pattern of ideologicalorganization— an evolution-centered organization of thoughtand belief.Through the telescope of our scientific imagination, wecan discern the existence of this new and improvedideological organization; but its details are not clear,, andwe can also see that the necessary steps upwards towardit are many and hard to take.Let me change the metaphor. To those who did notdeliberately shut their eyes, or who were not allowed tolook, it was at once clear that the fact and concept ofevolution was bound to act as the central germ or livingtemplate of a new dominant thought-organization. Andin the century since The Origin of Species, there have beenmany attempts to understand the implications of evolutionin many fields, from the "affairs of the stellar universe tothe affairs of men, and to integrate the facts of evolutionand our knowledge of its processes into the over-all organization of our general thought.All dominant thought-organizations are concerned withthe ultimate as well as with the immediate problems ofexistence: or, I should rather say, with the most ultimateproblems that the thought of the time is capable of formulating or even envisaging. They are all concerned withgiving some interpretation of man, of the world which heis to live in, and of his place and role in that world— inother words some comprehensible picture of human destinyand significance.The broad outlines of the new evolutionary picture ofultimates are beginning to be visible. Man's destiny isto be the sole agent for the future evolution of this planet.He is the highest dominant type to be produced by overtwo-and-a-half billion years of the slow biological improvement effected by the blind opportunistic workings ofnatural selection; if he does not destroy himself, he has atleast an equal stretch of evolutionary time before him toexercise his agency. Man therefore is of immense significance. He has beenousted from his self-imagined centrality in the universeto an infinitesimal location in a peripheral position in oneof a million of galaxies. Nor, it would appear, is he likelyto be unique as a sentient being. On the other hand, theevolution of mind or sentiency is an extremely rare eventin the vast meaninglessness of the insentient universe, andman's particular brand of sentiency may well be unique.But in any case he is highly significant. He is a reminderof the existence, here and there, in the quantitative vast-ness of cosmic matter and its energy-equivalents, of a trendtowards mind, with its accompaniment of quality and richness of existence; and what is more, a proof of the importance of mind and quality in the all-embracing evolutionaryprocess.It is only through possessing a mind that he has become the dominant portion of this planet and the agentresponsible for its future evolution; and it will only beby the right use of that mind that he will be able to exercise that responsibility rightly. He could all too readilybe a failure in the job; he will only succeed if he faces itconsciously and if he uses all his mental resources— ofknowledge and reason, of imagination, sensitivity, andmoral effort.And he must face it unaided by outside help. In theevolutionary pattern of thought there is no longer eitherneed or room for the supernatural. The earth was notcreated: it evolved. So did all the animals and plants thatinhabit it, including our human selves, mind and soul aswell as brain and body. So did religion. Religions areorgans of psychosocial man concerned with human destinyand with experiences of sacredness and transcendence. Intheir evolution, some (but by no means all) have givenbirth to the concept of gods as supernatural beings endowed with mental and spiritual properties and capable ofintervening in the affairs of nature, including man. Theyare organizations of human thought in its interaction withthe puzzling, complex world with which it has to contend—the outer world of nature and the inner world of man'sown nature. In this, they resemble other early organizations of human thought confronted with nature, like thedoctrine of the Four Elements, Earth, Air, Fire and Water,or the eastern concept of rebirth and reincarnation. Likethese, they are destined to disappear in competition withother, truer, and more embracing thought-organizationswhich are handling the same range of raw or processedexperience.Evolutionary man can no longer take refuge from hisloneliness in the arms of a divinized father-figure whom hehas himself created, nor escape from the responsibility ofmaking decisions by sheltering under the umbrella ofDivine Authority, nor absolve himself from the hard taskof meeting his present problems and planning his futureby relying on the will of an omniscient but unfortunatelyinscrutable Providence.On the other hand, his loneliness is only apparent. Heis not alone as a type. Thanks to the astronomers, he nowknows that he is one among the many organisms that bearwitness to the trend towards sentience, mind and richnessof being, operating so widely but so sparsely in the cosmos.More important, thanks to Darwin, he now knows thathe is not an isolated phenomenon, cut off from the rest ofnature by his uniqueness. Not only is he made of the samematter and operated by the same energy as all the rest ofthe cosmos, but for all his distinctiveness, he is linked bygenetic continuity with all the other living inhabitants ofhis planet. Animals, plants, and micro-organisms, they areall his cousins or remoter kin, all parts of one single evolvingflow of metabolizing protoplasm.JANUARY, 1960 19Nor is he individually alone, in his thinking. He existsand has his being, in the intangible sea of thought whichTeilhard de Chardin has christened the noosphere, in thesame sort of way that fish exist and have their being inthe material sea of water which the geographers includein the term hydrosphere. Floating in the noosphere thereare, for his taking, the daring speculations and aspiringideals of man long dead, the organized knowledge of science, the hoary wisdom of the ancients, the creative imaginings of all the world's poets and artists. And in his ownnature there are, waiting to be called upon, an array ofpotential helpers— all the possibilities of wonder and knowledge, of delight and reverence, of creative belief andmoral purpose, of passionate effort and embracing love.We have only recently emerged from the biological tothe psychosocial area of evolution, from the earthy biosphere into the freedom of the noosphere. Do not let usforget how recently: we have been truly men for perhapsa tenth of a million years— one tick of evolution's clock :^even as proto-men, we have existed for under one millionyears— less than a two-thousandth fraction of evolutionarytime. No longer supported and steered by a frameworkof instincts, we try to use our conscious thought and purposes as organs of psychosocial locomotion and directionthrough the tangles of our existence; but so far with onlymoderate success, and with the production of much eviland horror as well as of some beauty and glory of achievement. We have colonized only an ambiguous margin between an old bounded environment and the new territoriesof freedom. Our feet still drag in the biological mud, evenwhen we lift our heads into the conscious air. But unlikeour remote ancestors, we can truly see something of thepromised land beyond. We can do so with the aid of ournew instrument of vision— our rational, knowledge-basedimagination. Like the earliest pre-Galilean telescopes, itis still a very primitive instrument, and gives a feeble andoften distorted view. But, like the early telescopes, it iscapable of immense improvement, and could reveal manysecrets of our noospheric home and destiny.Meanwhile no mental telescope is required to see theimmediate evolutionary landscape, and the frighteningproblems which inhabit it. All that is needed— but that isplenty!— is for us to cease being intellectual and moralostriches, and take our heads out of the sand of willfulblindness. If we do so, we shall soon see that the alarmingproblems are two-faced, and are also stimulating challenges.What are those alarming monsters in our evolutionarypath? I would list them as follows. The threat of super-scientific war, nuclear, chemical and biological; the threatof over-population; the rise and appeal of Communistideology, especially in the under-privileged sectors of theworld's people; the failure to bring China, with nearly aquarter of the world's population, into the world organization of the United Nations; the erosion of the world's cultural variety; our general preoccupation with means ratherthan ends, with technology and quantity rather than creativity and quality; and the Revolution of Expectation,caused by the widening gap between the haves and thehave-nots, between the rich and the poor nations.In reality, these are not separate monsters to be dealtwith by a series of separate ventures, however heroic orsaintly. They are all symptoms of a new evolutionarysituation; and this can only be successfully met in the lightand with the aid of a new organization of thought andbelief, a new dominant pattern of ideas.It is hard to break through the firm framework of anaccepted belief-system, and build new and complex successors, but it is necessary. It is necessary to organize ourad hoc ideas and scattered values into a unitive pattern,transcending conflicts and divisions in its unitary web. Only by such a reconciliation of opposites and disparatescan our belief-system release us from inner conflicts: onlyso can we gain that peaceful assurance which will helpunlock our energies for development in strenuous practical action. Somehow or other we must make our newpattern of thinking evolution-centered. In the first place,it must of course itself be evolutionary. That is to say-It must help us to think in terms of an overriding processof change, development and possible improvement, to haveour eyes on the future rather than on the past, to findsupport in the growing body of our knowledge, not in fixeddogma or ancient authority. Equally, of course, the evolutionary outlook must be scientific, not in the sense thatit rejects or neglects other human activities, but in believing in the value of the scientific method for eliciting knowledge from ignorance and truth from error, and in basingitself* on the firm ground of scientifically establishedknowledge. Unlike most theologies, it accepts the inevitability and indeed the desirability of change, and advancesby welcoming new discovery even when this conflicts withold ways of thinking.The only way in which the present split between religionand science could be mended would be through the acceptance by science of the fact and value of religion as anorgan of evolving man, and the acceptance by religion thatreligions do and must evolve.Next, the evolutionary outlook must be global. Man isstrong and successful in so far as he operates in inter-thinking groups, which are able to pool their knowledgeand beliefs. To have any success in fulfilling his destinyas the controller or agent of future evolution on earth, hemust become one single inter-thinking group, with onegeneral framework of ideas: otherwise his mental energieswill be dissipated in ideological conflict. Science gives us aforetaste of what could be. It is already global, withscientists of every nation contributing to its advance: andbecause it is global, it is advancing fast. In every field,we must aim to transcend nationalism: and the first steptowards this is to think globally— how could this or thattask be achieved by international cooperation rather thanby separate action?But our thinking must also be concerned with the individual. The well-developed well-patterned individualhuman being is, in a strictly scientific sense, the highestphenomenon of which we have any knowledge: and thevariety of individual personalities is the world's highestrichness. The individual need not feel just a meaninglesscog in the social machine, nor merely the helpless prey andsport of vast impersonal forces. He can do something todevelop his own personality, to discover his own talentpossibilities, to interact personally and fruitfully with otherindividuals. If so, in his own person, he is effecting animportant realization of evolutionary possibility: he is contributing his own personal quality to the fulfillment ofhuman destiny. He has assurance of his own significancein the greater and more enduring whole of which he is part.I spoke of quality. This must be the dominant conceptof our new belief-system— quality and richness as againstquantity and uniformity.Though our new idea-pattern must be unitary, it neednot and should not impose a drab or boring cultural uniformity. A well-organized system, whether of thought,expression, social life or anything else, has both unity andrichness. Cultural variety, both in the world as a wholeand within its separate countries is the spice of life: yetit is being threatened and indeed eroded away by mass-production, mass-communications, mass conformity, and allthe other forces making for uniformization— an ugly wordfor an ugly thing! We have to work hard to preserve andfoster it.20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"Time Will Tell" took a sprightly musical, though not necessarily accurate,look at the days of Darivin. Scenesranged from the Huxley-JVilberforedebate at Oxford to a sailor s hornpipeaboard the H.M.S. Beagle.Sol Tax, right, originally had the idea for the CentennialCelebration four years ago. A professor of anthropology atthe University, as chairman of the Centennial, he has shepherded it from his first queries to Huxley and Darwin andthe consequent discovery that no celebration of the scope ofhis dream ivas planned elsewhere, to the final stages of supplying name tags for delegates. While engaged in CentennialI dans, he has also been travelling around the world, assembling the first issue of Current Anthropology an international journal.JANUARY, 1960 21One sphere where individual variety could and should beencouraged is education. In many school systems, underthe pretext of so-called democratic equality, variety ofgifts and capacity is now actually being discouraged. Theduller children become frustrated by being rushed too fast,the brighter become frustrated by being held back andbored. Our new idea-system must jettison the democraticmyth of equality. Human beings are not born equal ingifts or potentialities, and human progress stems largelyfrom the very fact of their inequality. "Free but equal"should be our motto, and diversity of excellence, not conforming normalcy or mere adjustment, should be the aimof education.Population is people in the mass: and it is in regard topopulation that the most drastic reversal or reorientationof our thinking has become necessary. The unprecedentedpopulation-explosion of the last half-century has strikinglyexemplified the Marxist principle of the passage of quantityinto quality. Mere increase in quantity of people is increas- N early 200 colleges, universities and learned societiesfrom throughout the worldsent representatives toparticipate, wearing theirdistinctive academic garb inthis special DarwinCentennial Convocation.Degrees ivere awarded byChancellor Lawrence A.Kimpton.ingly affecting the quality of their lives, and affecting italmost wholly for the worse. The spectacle of explosivepopulation-increase is prompting us to ask the simple butbasic question, what are people for? And we see that theanswer has something to do with their quality as humanbeings and the quality of their lives and their achievements.We must make the same reversal of ideas about oureconomic system. At the moment (and again I take theUnited States as most representative) our Western economic system (which is steadily invading new regions)is based on expanding production for profit, and production for profit is based on expanding consumption. As onewriter has put it, the American economy depends on persuading more people to believe they want to consumemore products. But, like the population-explosion, thisconsumption-explosion cannot continue much longer: it isan inherently self-defeating process. Sooner rather thanlater we must get away from a system based on artificiallyincreasing the number of human wants, and set about con-22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEstructing one aimed at the qualitative satisfaction of realhuman needs, spiritual and mental as well as material andphysiological.This means abandoning the pernicious habit of evaluating every human project solely in terms of its utility— bywhich the evaluators mean solely its material utility, andespecially its utility in making a profit for somebody. Oncewe truly believe (and true belief, however necessary, israrely easy) once we truly believe that man's destiny isto make possible greater fulfillment for more human beingsand fuller achievement by human societies, utility in thecustomary sense becomes subordinate. Quantity of material production is, of course, necessary as the basis for thesatisfaction of elementary human needs— but only up toa certain degree. More than a certain number of calories,or cocktails, or T.V. sets or washing machines per person,is not merely unnecessary but bad. Quantity of materialproduction is a means to a further end, not an end in itself.The important ends of man's life include the creationand enjoyment of beauty, both natural and man-made;increased comprehension and a more assured sense ofsignificance; the preservation of all sources of pure wonderand delight, like fine scenery, wild animals in freedom,or unspoiled nature; the attainment of inner peace andharmony; the feeling of active participation in embracingand enduring projects, including the cosmic project ofevolution. It is through such things that individuals attaingreater fulfillment.As for nations and societies, they are remembered notfor their wealth or comforts or technologies, but for theirgreat buildings and works of art, their achievements inscience or law or political philosophy, their success inliberating human thought from the shackles of fear andignorance.Although it is to his mind that man owes both his present dominant position in evolution, and any advances hemay have made during his tenure of that position, he is stillstrangely ignorant and even superstitious about it. Theexploration of the mind has barely begun. It must be one of the main tasks of the coming era, just as the explorationof the world's surface a few centuries ago. Psychologicalexploration will doubtless reveal as many surprises as didgeographical exploration, and will make available to ourdescendants all kinds of new possibilities of fuller andricher living.Finally, the evolutionary vision is enabling us to discern,however incompletely, the lineaments of the new religionthat we can be sure will arise to serve the needs of thecoming era. It will believe in knowledge. It will be ableto take advantage of the vast amount of new knowledgeproduced by the knowledge-explosion of the last few centuries in constructing what we may call its theology— theframework of facts and ideas which provide it with intellectual support; it should be able, with our increasedknowledge of mind, to define our sense of right and wrongmore clearly so as to provide a better moral support, andto focus the feeling of sacredness on fitter objects, insteadof worshipping supernatural rulers, it will sanctify thehigher manifestations of human nature in art and love, inintellectual comprehension and aspiring adoration, and willemphasize the fuller realization of life's possibilities as asacred trust.Thus the evolutionary vision, first opened up for us byCharles Darwin a century back, illuminates our existence ina simple but almost overwhelming way. It exemplifies thetruth that truth is great and will prevail, and the greatertruth that truth will set us free. Evolutionary truth freesus from subservient fear of the unknown and supernatural,and exhorts us to face this new freedom with couragetempered with wisdom, and hope tempered with knowledge. It shows us our destiny and our duty. It shows usmind enthroned above matter, quantity subordinate toquality. It gives our anxious minds support by revealingthe incredible possibilities that have already been realizedin evolution's past, and by pointing to the hidden treasureof fresh possibilities that could be realized in its longfuture, it gives man a potent incentive for fulfilling hisevolutionary role in the universe.JANUARY, 1960 23Qass04-15Esther E. Bjornberg, '04, AM '14, was ateacher in the Chicago Training School forCity Home and Foreign Missions from1909 until her retirement in 1945. She isalso a retired deaconess of the Methodistchurch.Agnes Fay Morgan, '05, SM '06, PhD'14, is professor emeritus of nutrition atHheUniversity of California, Berkeley.Erwin P. Zeisler, '07, of Winnetka, 111.,is the author of Poems on Pertinent Topics,to be published by the Pageant Press, Inc.,of New York, under his pen name, WalterErwin.Florence Allen, '09, of Cleveland, theonly woman ever to sit on a United StatesCourt of Appeals bench, retired from theSixth Circuit Court in October at the ageof 75. She has had a most distinguishedcareer. At a dinner in her honor in Cincinnati, her portrait was presented to theSixth Circuit Court. In 1920, she was thefirst woman to be elected judge of theCourt of Common Pleas in CuyahogaCounty. In 1922, she was elected to Ohio'sSupreme Court— the first woman to sit ina court of last resort. After being reelected to this post six years later, she was,in 1934, appointed by F. D. Roosevelt tothe position from which she has justretired.Norman H. Pritchard, JD '09, of Winnetka, 111., is a partner in the Chicago lawfirm of Pritchard, Heath, Montgomery andPennington.Roy A. Smith, PhM '09, is one of thethree recipients of the first InternationalCultural Award to be granted by Hyogoprefecture (state) in Japan. Mr. Smith, aretired missionary of the Division of WorldMissions, continues to teach at the KobeUniversity of Commerce, where he hastaught almost continuously since 1909. Hefirst went to Japan in 1903 as a teacher NeuTsunder the International YMCA. In 1909,he was assigned to teach at the Kobe University of Commerce; for many years wasthe only Westerner on the staff. After theoutbreak of World War II, he was allowedto continue his work until June, 1942, andafter his return to the U.S., did workamong Japanese-Americans resettled fromtheir homes.Linn Brandenburg, '10, AM '32, is associate executive director of the CommunityFund of Chicago. ^Herbert F. Hancox, '10, AM '11, is theadministrator of the John C. Lincoln Hospital in Phoenix, Ariz., the superintendentof the Desert Mission, the editor of DesertHighways, and a member of the PhoenixKiwanis. His daughter, Betty HancoxAllen, '39, lives in Long Beach, Calif.DeLoss P. Shull, '10, JD '12, seniormember of the law firm of Shull andMarshall in Sioux City, Iowa, is chairmanof the board of Knapp and Spencer Wholesale Hardware Co., treasurer of the Concrete Pipe Machinery Co., and presidentof the Western Mortgage Co.Robert L. I. Smith, '10, MD '13, isretired and living in South Laguna, Calif.Emma S. Weld, '10, has been retiredfrom her profession as a teacher of homeeconomics for over 20 years, and is nowliving on a farm in the Genesee countrynot far from Rochester, N. Y., sharing inthe "religious and social activities of apleasant rural community."Vallee O. Appel, '11, JD '14, presidentof the Fulton Market Cold Storage Co.,Chicago, lives in Highland Park, 111.Walter C. Burket, '11, a surgeon withoffices on the North Side of Chicago, is anattending surgeon at Alexian Brothers Hospital, the American Hospital, and theFrank Cuneo Memorial Hospital. Dr. Burket lives in Evanston, 111.S. D. Schwartz, '12, AM '13, recentlycelebrated his 45th year of service withChicago Sinai Congregation. A specialreligious service was held in Sinai Temple,at which his son, Rabbi Frederick C.Schwartz, officiated; later, a community reception was attended by several thousandpeople.Elizabeth Bredin, '13, AM '30, hasretired and is living in Highland Park, 111.Margaret Bell, '15, MD '22, professoremeritus of medicine at the University ofMichigan, retired in September of 1959and plans to do part-time medical work.Helen A. Carnes, '15, of Seattle, Wash.,is doing a part-time, part volunteer job asexecutive secretary of the Seattle chapterof the American Association for the UnitedNations. She is also on the board of theSeattle Urban League and is active inmany community activities. In 1957, shespent nine months in New York andEurope.Joseph Hardy Chivers, '15, MD '17, is aretired physician living in Palos VerdesEstates, Calif.Florence Heacock Colby, '15, is a retiredLos Angeles teacher "indulging in clubwork and much foreign travel."Ira O. Jones, '15, has retired after 37years of teaching in the Omaha, Nebr.,school system and is now assistant professor of sociology at Meredith College inRaleigh, N. C.Edward Z. Rowell, '15, AM '16, PhD'22, retired in 1954 and is now professoremeritus in the department of speech atthe University of California in Berkeley.Since his retirement, he has been makingstudies of the cultures of the Near Eastand has given occasional lectures on thematerial. His daughter, Anne Rowell Moorhead, '41, lives in the Napa Valley withher husband and three children.Edward W. Westland, '15, MD '15, retired in 1957 after 42 years of practice as aphysician and surgeon. For 27 years, hehad been on the executive staff of theWest Suburban Hospital in Oak Park, 111.Dr. Westland now lives in Deerfield Beach,Fla.16-25Dan Hedges Brown, '16, is president ofthe Brown Milling Co. (flour milling) andBrown Enterprises (licensing patents), Chicago.Helen Dawley, '16, who retired aslibrarian at Harper Library in Decemberof 1958, is now working in the RyersonLibrary of the Art Institute of Chicago.Jean A. Dorrel, '16, teaches art at theWoodrow Wilson High School in Washington, D. C.Marjorie J. Fay, '16, AM '30, retired lastJune from teaching at the Harvard Schoolfor Boys.Esther Sill Soutter, '16, and her husband,Charles, have bought a bay-side winterhome in Panama City, Fla. They movedfrom Midland, Mich., to enjoy the southernsun.Percy E. Wagner, '16, senior vice president of Oak Park Federal Savings andLoan Association, Oak Park, 111., was recently elected president of the AmericanInstitute of Real Estate Appraisers. Mr.24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEWagner and his family live in Flossmoor,a suburb of Chicago.Gerald E. Welsh, '17, JD '25, of KansasCity, Mo., retired in December from hisposition as area attorney for the AmericanTelephone and Telegraph Co. Mr. Welshwas in charge of legal matters for 23western states. He will make his newhome at 201 Bellaire St., Denver, Colo.Edith J. Buxton, '18, long retired as ateacher in the Illinois public schools, isn0w living at the Church Home for AgedPersons in Chicago. She writes, "I am one0[ ; : v'de Park's seniors, a Daughter of theAmerican Bevolution, and a member of theOrder of the Eastern Star. I keep busyand happy. Will be 86 this year."James Milton Coulter, '18, of Glencoe,111., is an investment analyst and salesmanwith Cruttenden, Podesta and Co., investment bankers.June King Bay, '20, operates the BexTerrace Summer Besort on Elk Lake inMichigan and lives in nearby TraverseCity, Mich., during the winter months.Her five children are all married; she haseight grandchildren: six boys and twogirls.k.mes H. Hart, '20, AM '22, retired Uni-taii.m minister, has become the owner ofa small citrus grove in Merritt Island, Fla.Ulrich B. Laves, '20, SM '25, is a consulting petroleum geologist in OklahomaCity, Okla. He was married last January24 to the former Buth E. Moore of Washington, D. C.Marion Maguire, '20, retired in Junefrom her position as school librarian at theRayen High School in Youngstown, Ohio.Gladys N. Markward, '20, of Belvedere,Calif., is the San Francisco advertisingmanager of Life. She writes that LydiaHinckley Hedgecock, '20, has moved fromS ita, Ariz., to Tucson.Marion Tamin, '20, is an assistant professor of French at Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Mich.Wendell S. Brooks, AM '21, of Onekama,Mich., is superintendent of the ChicagoTract Society and has been a visiting professor of education at the University ofMichigan, Cornell University, and the University of Colorado.Helen Davis Snow, '22, is an educationaladviser in the School of Business at Northwestern University.Anna Gwin Pickens, '23, AM '48, is anu i :ber of the faculty of the FaulknerSc .ol, Chicago.Martha Bennett King, '24, has been appointed publicity consultant of the ArtInstitute of Chicago. Mrs. King has beena public relations writer and consultant formany firms and organizations in the Chicago area for 20 years. She is a formerdirector of civic production for the Chicago Sun, and children's book editor forthe Chicago Sun-Times. For the past sevenyears she has been a regular reviewer forthe Chicago Tribune's Sunday Magazine ofBooks. She has written three children'sbooks: Bean Blossom Hill, Birthday Angel,ant' Papa Pompino. A fourth book ont : i 'ago" is soon to be published by Lip-phiLott and Company.Arnold Lieberman, '24, MD '28, PhD31, of New York, had an article in a recent WAGNER '16issue of the New York State General Practice News on medicine in Bussia today.Roy Ernest Brackin, '25, MD '29, ofLake Forest, 111., is in the private practiceof general and orthopedic surgery in Win-netka, 111.Frances Jeannette Carter, '25, AM '48,is head reference librarian and coordinatorof the great books program at the ChicagoPublic Library.A. S. Edler, '25, has been elected national secretary of Modern Woodmen ofAmerica, Rock Island, 111., one of the largenationwide fraternal life insurance societies.Ruth Ferris Fowler, '25, AM '30, livesin Washington, D. C, and is the presentWorthy Matron of Bethany, Chapter No.24, Order of the Eastern Star.William B. Purcell, '25, of LagunaBeach, Calif., formerly vice-president ofBatten, Barton, Durstine and Osborn (advertising agency), is now consultant to theagency (BBDO) in California and workingas a magazine writer.Dorothy Lorch Schwab, '25, lives inBirmingham, Ala., and is the grandmotherof three girls.Wilson H. Shorey, '25, has been a lawyer for the past 30 years and is a partnerin the law firm of Lambach, Shorey andPlath, of Davenport, Iowa. Carl H. Lambach, '09, JD '12, is his partner. Mr.Shorey 's avocation is photography; he hasexhibited and lectured in that field.Ruth Larson Zimmerman, '25, is a professor of English at Western Illinois University in Macomb, 111. She will be inChicago in June to attend the reunion ofher class.26-31Joseph J. Corwin, '26, of Chicago, is aspecification writer with the United StatesSteel Corp.David M. Cox, '26, of Michigan City,Ind., senior partner in the management EDLER '25consulting firm of Cox & Cox, has writtenNutnerically Controlled Machine Tools-Implications for Management, published in1958. H. C. Morse is the co-author of thebook.Mary McClure Kaserman, '26, of Chagrin Falls, Ohio, a realty appraiser withthe Kaserman Realty Co. of Cleveland,hopes to return to campus for the reunionof the Class of 1925 in June. Two of herdaughters, Mary and Jean, arc living in theChicago area.Elizabeth Pederson Backus, '27, has, inrecent years, become active as a bookreviewer and lecturer in addition to teaching at the American School in Chicago.She lectures on "Norwegian Bosepaintingfrom the Land of the Midnight Sun" and"Serenity and Poise through Creative Art."Wilson K. Boetticher, '27, teaches socialscience and is the senior sponsor at theAmundsen High School in Chicago.Otto M. Merriman, '27, retired in 1951after 44 years as a teacher in the publicschools of Indiana. He spent 35 years inWhiting, Ind., as a teacher and as directorof vocational education. Mr. Merriman wasa member of the first driver's training education course at the U of C (1937) andoffered the first course in Indiana for highschool credit in safety education and drivertraining.Helen Cunningham, AM '28, is anEnglish teacher at the Waukegan Township High School in Waukegan, 111.Clarence A. Bacote, AM '29, PhD '55,professor of history at Atlanta Universityin Atlanta, Ga., recently published twoarticles: "Negro Officeholders in Georgiaunder President McKinley," in the Journalof Negro History (July, 1959) and "NegroProscriptions, Protests, and Proposed Solutions in Georgia, 1880-1908," in the Journal of Southern History (November, 1959).John J. Chapin, '29, is an employmentinttrviewer at R. R. Donnelley & Sons Co.,Chicago printers. He recently completed30 years with the company, 21 of whichwere spent interviewing and hiring. Hewrites, "I'd be glad to talk with any gradsJANUARY, 1960 25T. A. RMHWBT CO SidewalksFactory FloorsMachinev/w FoundationsV Concrete Breakinguna NOrmal 7-0433POND LETTER SERVICE, Inc.Everything in LettersHooven Typewriting MimeographingMultigraphing AddressingAddressograph Service MailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones: 219 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisSARGENT'S DRUG STOREestablished 1852Chicago's most completeprescription and chemical stockphone RAndolph 6-477023 N. Wabash AvenueChicago*76e £xclu<iive @lea*tex&We operate our own dry cleaning plantTHREE HOUR SERVICE1331 East 57th St. 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.Ml dway 3-0602 NO rmal 7-98581553 E. Hyde Park Blvd. FAirfax 4-5759GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica -Bolex - Rolleiflex - Polaroid1342 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259NSA Discounts24-hour Kodachrome DevelopingHO Trains and Model SuppliesPhoto pressEasaaanjiiaaaaiFine Color Work * Quality Book ReproductionCongress St. Expressway at Gardner RoadBroadview, Illinois COIumbus 1-1420 ROSTEN '30or non-grads, men or women, interestedin a career in printing." Mrs. Chapin became interested in printing five years agoand is now an artist in the engineeringdepartment at Donnelley.Philip M. Hauser, '29, AM '33, PhD '38,chairman of the department of sociologyat the U of C, has been appointed to theeditorial advisory board of the Encyclopaedia Britannica. He will periodicallyreview Britannica's reference material inthe field of sociology, editing and suggesting new articles, recommending new contributors, and indicating final authoritativeapproval on material for publication. Mr.Hauser is the author of several books,among them, Urbanization in Asia and theFar East, Population and World Politics,and Local Community Fact Book for Chicago. He is presently chairman of thetechnical advisory committee for the 1960population census, and is chairman of theU. S. National Committee for Vital andHealth Statistics for the Public HealthService and the World Health Organization.Samuel A. Kirk, '29, SM '31, is professorof education and director of the Institutefor Besearch on Exceptional Children atthe University of Illinois in Urbana, 111.His most recent book, published as theresults of a five-year experiment, is entitledEarly Education of the Mentally Retarded(University of Illinois Press, 1958). Mr.Kirk is married to the former WinifredEioise Day, '30.Carl F. Baumeister, '30, of Biverside,111., practices internal medicine at theSuburban Medical Center in Berwyn, III.He is assistant professor of clinical medicine at the University of Illinois College ofMedicine, Chicago.Holmes Boynton, '30, is professor andhead of the mathematics department atNorthern Michigan College in Marquette,Mich.William F. Calahan, '30, a geologistspecializing in oil and gas exploration, livesin Laredo, Tex.Harriet Hathaway Fearon, '30, of Orono,Maine works part time as a copy reader THOMAS '33for the Bangor Daily News, Bangor, Maine.Her older son entered the U. S. ForestService last summer; her younger son isa junior in high school.Alice Witter Nelson, '30, of St. Charles,Minn., has been librarian in the St. CharlesConsolidated School for six years. She andher husband, Edgar, have two daughters;one a senior in high school, the other asenior in college.Leo Rosten, '30, PhD '37, who wrotethe famous classic, The Education ofHYMAN KAPLAN, has another book onthe best seller list across the country.His new book is a sequel to the HymanKaplan stories and is titled, The Returnof HYMAN KAPLAN, ( Harper & Brothers,publishers). The new adventures beginwhere the old left off; all of the belovedcharacters are back again in the AmericanPreparatory Night School for Adults. Mr.Bosten is at present the special editorialadvisor for Look Magazine, in which,among other things, he writes the serieson art, "The Story Behind the Painting."Robert S. Shane, '30, PhD '33, ofBuffalo, N. Y., is a consulting engineer withthe General Electric Co. He is active inyouth work in Utica, N. Y., where he isthe district commissioner of the Boy Scoutsof America. Mrs. Shane, the former JeanneLazarus, '41, is setting up a remedial reading program in the school system in nearbyTonawanda, where she is employed as ateacher.Daniel D. Swinney, '30, AM '38, is atraining officer with the U. S. Public HealthService in Washington, D. C. He ismarried to the former Olive Walker, '38;they have two children— a son in highschool and a daughter in college.Vera Mae Thompson, '30, writes thatshe is now a housewife in Elgin, 111.Julian Towster, '30, JD '32, PhD '47,is a professor of education in the politicalscience department of the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley.Frank J. Calvin, '31, is the westernmanager of Chain Store Age Magazines,Lebhar-Friedman Publications, Chicago.Marion White Dickey, '31, has beenTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEchosen St. Louis Advertising Woman ofthe Year by the Advertising Club of St.Louis. Owner of the St. Louis HostessCo. and executive director of the All-StatesClub, she was cited for her work in sellingand advertising the city of St. Louis tonewcomers to the area. She welcomesnewcomers to St. Louis, introduces them tothe services and products of its stores,shops and industries, answers their questions about the community and helps themto become acquainted with others whohe recently come to the city. She isc, or and publisher of Newcomers News,a Monthly publication. Two years ago, sheformed the St. Louis Bridal Bureau, Inc.,which publishes Prelude to Your Wedding,a book for brides-to-be.Josef Allen Hynek, '31, PhD '35, hasbeen appointed chairman of the department of astronomy and director of theDearborn Observatory of NorthwesternUniversity. Mr. Hynek was formerly associate director of the Smithsonian Astro-physical Laboratory in Cambridge, Mass.,and head of the section of Upper Atmosphere Studies, which included the satellite|: r king program of the observatory. Hev a fellow at Yerkes Observatory from} I to 1935. He is currently developingan experimental balloon-supported observatory designed to photograph stars from40,000 feet in order to avoid atmosphericdistortion. To enable him to complete thisexperiment, Northwestern has granted hima year's leave of absence.Arthur R. Williams, '31, of Riverside,111., recently retired as a divisional servicemanager of Marshall Field and Co., Chicago.33-37George R. Balling, '33, AM '38, is superintendent of District 10 of the ChicagoPublic Schools.B. Kermit Hill, '33, of Evanston, 111.,has been elected an assistant secretary ofLumbermen's Mutual Casualty Co. andAmerican Motorist's Insurance Co., twodivisions of the Kemper Insurance Co.Harold W. Rigney, '33, SM '33, PhD '37,has been appointed rector of the Universityof San Carlos in the Philippines. FatherRigney, who was a Chinese Communistprisoner for four years, has been in Liver-| >1, England, since 1955.Winburn T. Thomas, '33, is the authoroi Protestant Beginnings in Japan, recentlypublished by the Charles E. Tuttle Co.The book is a record of the main featuresand an analysis of the progress of Protestant Christianity in Japan between 1859and 1889. It covers the sociological andpolitical factors which stimulated, then impeded the spread of Christianity in Japan.Mr. Thomas was a missionary to Japanduring the years 1933 to 1940. In 1948,he was Reconstruction Secretary of theWorld's Student Christian Federation, withheadquarters in Shanghai. After riding the! t scheduled plane out of that city beforeentry of tthe Communists, he madei > headquarters in Bangkok, then movedabout with his family throughout the FarEast and Southeast Asia until May, 1951. He then served for seven years on the staffof the Indonesian Council of Churches. Mr.Thomas is now serving on the Commissionon Ecumenical Mission and Belations ofthe Presbyterian Church in Chicago.Betty Mae Bauer, AM '34, of Chicago,retired in June, 1958, after 35 years ofteaching in the elementary schools ofIllinois.Florence Broady, JD '34, lives in Gary,Ind.Yvonne Kimbell Cusack, '34, lives inWestern Springs, 111., and is a librarian atthe McClure Junior High School.Jess M. Stein, AM '34, of White Plains,N. Y., has been named a vice president ofRandom House, Inc., book publishersMr. Stein joined Random House as aneditor in 1945 and has recently been incharge of the development of programs ineducational and reference books. DuringWorld War II, he was one of the executives of the Office of Censorship in Washington, D. C.Jay Barney (John Kleinschmidt, '35), anactor with running parts on "Love of Life,"CBS-TV, and "My True Story," NBC-Radio, plays the part of John the Baptistin the movie, "The Big Fisherman." Hewas recently on the Du Pont Show of theMonth, "Body and Soul."Rachel H. Cummings, '35, retired as aregular kindergarten teacher in Rockford,111., and is busy most of the time doingsubstitute work.James F. Heyda, '35, is currently amathematical consultant for the GeneralElectric Aircraft Nuclear Propulsion Department.Jerome W. Kloucek, '35, AM '40, hasbeen named assistant dean of the Collegeof Arts and Sciences at the University ofToledo, in Toledo, Ohio. Mr. Kloucek hasbeen in the English department there since1957.Marvin Laser, '35, AM '37, professor ofEnglish and chairman of the division oflanguage arts at Los Angeles State College,has been teaching the first television coursefor credit offered by L. A. State College^"Twentieth Century American Novel,"Channel 13, L. A.Ralph Mansfield, '35, SM '37, is thegeneral manager of Auto-Test, Inc., Chicago.Jane E. Matson, '35, is assistant professorof education at Los Angeles State College.Her work is primarily in the counselortraining program, which is designed to prepare professional counselors for schoolsand public and private agencies.Ellmore C. Patterson, '35, was nominated by the University for one of twenty-five positions on the Sports IllustratedSilver Anniversary All-American roster for1959. These awards are based on "distinguished living during the 2.5 years sincea candidate's final year of college football."Their essential idea is to exemplify that"athletics and education are joined in thepursuit of rounded human values." Whileat the U of C, Mr. Patterson was captainof the football team in 1934 and was oneof the finest linemen in the country. Hewas selected the most valuable player byhis teammates and an All-American. In1935, he was elected president of his class. He is now vice president of J. P. MorganCo., and director of five different insurancecompanies. He is active in many philanthropic organizations and in 1953 wasawarded an Alumni Citation.Grace Graves Riddle, '35, lives with herfamily on Hages Mill Road, Ambler, Pa.Her husband, James, is president of theNational Aeronautical Corp., manufacturersof electronic aviation equipment, in FortWashington, Pa. They have two daughters:Beth, 14)2, and Virginia, 13. Mrs. Riddlehas three brothers-in-law and one sister-in-law who are also U of C alumni: John B.Riddle, '42, MBA '42; James A. Caldwell,'18, a Cincinnati retired high school teacher; Alvin C. Graves, PhD '39, of Los Alamos and his wife, Elizabeth Riddle Graves,'36, PhD '40. Mrs. Riddle writes that herspare time has been occupied with collecting "sympathetic rejects" as a member ofUPA (unpublished authors).Charlotte Green Schwartz, '35, AM '47,and her husband, Morris S. Schwartz, AMRAVEN '38'46, PhD '51, are the parents of JonathanEban, born last May 29. Mr. Schwartz isa professor of sociology at Brandeis University in Waltham, Mass.Dorothy Norton Smith, '35, lives inSanta Ana, Calif., where her husband, Kenneth, is a specialist in internal medicine.The Smiths have three sons: Duncan, 18;Douglas, 13; and Donald, 10.Velma Cook Williams, '35, of Fowler,Ind., is the mother of three children anda part-time teacher in Benton County,where her husband is co-superintendent oischools.Adolph O. Berger, AM '36, of Glencoe,111., is regional director of the Bureau ofLabor Statistics, U. S. Department ofLabor.Lydia Fischer Brill, '36, of Chicago,writes that "after WA years on LaSalle St.as a securities trader, I'm 'loafing' now."Mrs. Brill is the mother of an eight-year-old daughter, Bette Sue, and is active incommunity activities.Jacob S. Aronoff, MD '37, of New YorkCity, writes that most of his professionalJANUARY, 1960 27Katherine Woolf Kuh, AM'28, is the newly-appointedart critic for the Saturday Review of Literature.Mrs. Kuh is the former curator of painting and sculpture for the Art Institute of Chicago and the authorof Art Has Many Faces and Leger.work is focused on nasal plastic surgeryand psychosomatic aspects of nasal disease.He and his wife have three "bouncingyoungsters": Alan, four; Mack, three; andSusan, two.Zena K. Bailey, '37 is editor of theBulletin of the Center for Children's Booksat the University.Edmond Mosley, '37, JD '39, is the secretary of Mosley Imports, Inc., Chicago.L. W. Powers, '37, of Geneva, 111., ispresident of Walter Powers Co., chainstores.Ted Puck, '37, PhD '40, received theBorden Award for outstanding research for1959 at the annual meeting of the Association of American Medical Colleges heldin November at the Edgewater Beach Hotel in Chicago. Mr. Puck is presently professor and chairman of the department ofbiophysics at the University of ColoradoSchool of Medicine.38-43Lloyd G. Allen, '38, MBA '47, is assistantprofessor of marketing at Loyola Universityin Chicago.John Kunstmann, PhD '38, who has beenchairman of the department of Germaniclanguages at the University of North Carolina since 1955, has l>een asked to remainchairman of that department after he hasreached the age of retirement. He recentlywas honored with a "surprise birthdayparty" by his fellow faculty members andfriends.Edward T. Myers, '38, of Chicago, is theengineering editor of Modern RailroadsMagazine.Seymour Raven, '38, editor and co-criticof the theater and music department of theChicago Tribune, has been appointed manager of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.Mr. Raven was on the music staff of theChicago Sun (now the Chicago Sun-Times)before he joined the Tribune in 1947. Hehas been married for 16 years and is thefather of four young sons, the youngestalmost as new as his new appointment.Emil Henry Deffner, '39, AM '48, associate professor of art at Concordia Teach er's College in River Forest, 111., will spendhis sabbatical in California and Mexico,where he hopes to work on the manuscripttor his book, The Beginning Art Teacher,and do some oil painting.Edward B. Bates, '40, head of the LosAngeles agency of the Connecticut MutualLife Insurance Co., was recently electedsecond agency vice president of that company. He is active in Los Angeles civicaffairs, is director of the County HeartAssoc, and has written many articles inbusiness and trade publications.John W. Bernhardt, '40, is a publisher'srepresentative for Warden, Kelley and Allen, Inc. He lives in Northbrook, 111.Eileen De Jong Bynes, '40, is the director of nursing service of the CommunityHospital of Orange City, Iowa. She andher husband, Frederick, have two daughters, ages 12 and 17.Eleanor G. Carson, '40, is a physicianand surgeon living in Newton, Mass.Seymour K. Coburn, '40, of Pittsburgh,is a research technologist with the U.S.Steel Corp. and is the technical programchairman of the 1960 conference of theNational Association of Corrosion Engineers.Herbert R. Domke, '40, MD '42, movedto Pittsburgh, Pa., from St. Louis last January to become director of the PittsburghAllegheny County Health Dept. He is alsoan associate professor at the University ofPittsburgh Graduate School of PublicHealth. Dr. Domke received his Ph.D. inpublic health from Harvard last June.Robert J. Goodman, '40, SM '41, is professor of geography at Wayne State University in Detroit, Mich.Genevieve E. Hatfield, '40, is guidancedirector at the Shelby High School in Shelby, Mich.Miriam Bauer Heinrich, '40, has lived inLos Angeles, Calif., for the past six years.She and her husband, Jerome, have threechildren: Richard, 15; Garry, 9; and Cathy,7.William C. Larkin, '40, has taught chemistry at the St. Joseph High School in St.Joseph, Mich., for the last 18 years. He isthe father of three children: Lynn, 18;Robert, a sophomore in high school; and Thomas, in the fourth grade.Joan Michelson Rockwell, '40, has livedin Denmark with her two sons, Hugh Jr.and Thomas, for the last six years. Shehas become a professional painter, Danishstyle, and has exhibited her work in numerous exhibitions. Mrs. Rockwell would liketo hear from her classmates. Her addressis: Estervej 10C, Hellerup, Copenhagen,Denmark.Lewis R. Sprietsma, '40, AM '52, ischairman of the literature and languagearts department of Modesto Junior Collegein Modesto, Calif.Betty Glixon Strauss, '40, will remain inSyracuse, N. Y., with her three young sonsafter the recent death of her husband,Frederick.Harry Finestone, AM '42, PhD '53, is inOslo, Norway, this year as a Fulbright lecturer at the University of Oslo.Millard G. Roberts, '42, PhD '47, president of Parsons College, Fairfield, Iowa,received an honorary Doctor of Divinitydegree from Hartwick College in Oneonta,N. Y., in October. Mrs. Roberts, theformer Louise Evelyn Acker, '37, AM '38,PhD '46, was formerly head of the Englishdepartment of The Spence School in NewYork City. The Robertses have four children: two sons and two daughters.Vernon S. Tracht, '43, AM '46, was thefeatured speaker at the dinner session ofthe Annual Meeting and Nurses Workshopat the Penn-Sheraton Hotel in Pittsburghon October 9. The event was sponsoredby the United Cerebral Palsy organizationsof Pennsylvania and Pittsburgh, in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Nurses Association, the Bureau of Public Health Nursing and other nursing organizations in thestate.George Tressel, '43, has been supervisorof motion picture production for GeneralElectrie's Aircraft Nuclear Propulsion Division at Evendale, Ohio, since last July-documenting the development of the atomicairplane.Manuel Vargas, '43, AM '44, PhD '52, isdirector of the psychology department ofBeatty Hospital in Wcstville, Ind. He ismarried and is the father of two sons;Philip Dean, 7; and Richard Alan, 6. Mr.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEVargas writes that he would like to hearfrom old friends.45-50Sam Barkulis, '45, MD '46, has beenappointed director of microbiological research at Ciba Pharmaceutical Products,Inc. Before joining Ciba, Dr. Barkulis wason the faculty of the College of Medicineof the University of Illinois. He was asso-iated with the department of biologicalliemistry for several years, and more re-i ently with the department of psychiatry.lie, his wife and their four children live inChatham, N. J.Ruth Greenlee Davis, '45, AM '47, livesin Beloit, Wise, where her husband, Harry,is chairman of the department of government at Beloit College. The Davises andtheir three children expect to spend nextyear in England.John W. Lenz, '45, AM '49, is an associate professor of philosophy at BrownUniversity in Providence, R. I.Eva McDowell Woolridge, '45, and herhusband, Robert L. Woolridge, AM '43,re living in Taipei, Taiwan (Free China),where Mr. Woolridge is doing immunological work with tropical diseases as a civilianemploye of the U. S. Navy. Mrs. Woolridgeis busy taking Chinese art and languagelessons and teaching in a Chinese highschool on a volunteer basis. They will return to the U. S. in July.William C. Davidon, '47, SM '50, PhD'54, an associate physicist at Argonne National Laboratory in Lemont, 111., wasquoted by Premier Khrushchev of Russiarecently in a remark about the destructivepower of the hydrogen bomb. Mr. Davidonheads the Chicago section of the Fedcra-iion of American Scientists.Stephen I. Finney, '47, MBA '48, wasrecently admitted to partnership withTouche, Niven, Bailey & Smart, certifiedpublic accountants. Mr. Finney lives inNorthfield, 111.Savel Kendall, '47, has been appointedinstructor in Bussian, English and FrenchBATES '40 at the Union Junior College in Cranford,N. J. In addition to English, Bussian andFrench, Mr. Kendall speaks German andCzech. He has traveled extensively inEngland, Germany, France, Austria, Italy,Luxembourg, Switzerland and Czechoslovakia. He married while in England; heand his wife have two daughters. Mr. Kendall earned a master of international affairs degree at Columbia University, wherehe is continuing his studies toward a doctorate degree.Clare Davison Kleine, '47, '48, and herhusband, Joseph, '49, moved from LosAngeles to Sacramento, Calif., last February. Mr. Kleine is the parole training officer with the California Youth Authority, astate agency with which he's been associated for the past five years. Mrs. Kleinewas a social worker until the arrival ofPeter Davison Kleine in July of 1956.Roscoe R. Braham, Jr., SM '48, PhD '51,associate professor of meteorology at theU of C, is presently in Australia workingas an advisor to the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization,evaluating the statistical and scientific approach of cloud seeding experiments.Joan Willard Moore, '48, AM '53, PhD'59, is an instructor on the Committee! onHuman Development at the U of C. Herhusband, Burton M. Moore, '48, AM '51,is a writer with Fred Niles Productions,film producers. They live in Chicago.Lewis F. Presnall, '48, is field representative of the National Council on Alcoholismin New York City, after having spent sevenyears in industrial relations with the ChinoMines Division of the Kennecott CopperCorp. in New Mexico. His second book,The Search for Serenity, was published bythe Utah Alcoholism Foundation this year.Mae Svoboda Rhodes, '48, AM '51, andher husband, C. Harker Rhodes, Jr., '48,JD '51, announce the birth of their son,Edward Joseph, on October 1.Donald S. Tull, '48, MBA '49, PhD '56,has been appointed administration chief ofIndustrial Products for Autonetics (Downey,Calif.), a division of North American Aviation, Inc.BARKULIS '45 LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPltones: HYde Pari 3 9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERSince 7878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Restored1919 N. 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StatPhone RAdclipanyState Streetffe 3-7400JANUARY, 1960 29BOYDSTON AMBULANCE SERVICEAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of Chicagophone NOrmal 7-2468NEW ADDRESS— 1708 E. 7IST ST.Catch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sump-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUEFAirfax 4-0550PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICEllllLifflflllkmnifllllPARKER-HOLSMANniniiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiinmimnni- ,1 c o ".„..'' ¦* H Y^7mr'e"a'l't'o'r'sVHeat Estate and Insurance1461 East 57th Street Hyde Park' 3-2525Phone - REgent 1-331 1The Old Rel iableHyde Park A wning Co.INC.Awnings ond Canopies for All Purposes1142 E. 82nd StreetCHICAGO ADDRESSING & PRINTING CO.Complete Service for Mail AdvertisersPRINTING—LETTERPRESS & OFFSETLetters . Copy Preparation • ImprintingTypewriting . Addressing * MailingQUALITY — ACCURACY — SPEED722 So. Dearborn . Chicago 5 • WA 2-4561LOWER YOUR COSTSIMPROVED METHODSEMPLOYEE TRAININGWAGE INCENTIVESJOB EVALUATIONPERSONNEL PROCEDURESROBERT B. SHAPIRO, '33, FOUNDER Eleanor Regan Brierley, '49, of Chicago,has been running her husband's machinetool business since his death two years ago.Owen Chamberlain, PhD '49, has beennamed to receive the Nobel prize in physicsfor his discovery of the anti-proton. Since1953, there have been only four Nobelprize winners in physics, three of whomhave received their PhD degrees from theUniversity of Chicago. Chen Ning Yang,PhD '48, and Tsung Dao Lee, PhD '50,were honored by the Nobel committee in1957 for their discoveries that destroyedthe principle of parity, which for 30 yearshad been a basic law of physical theory.These three physicists all worked on theManhattan project with the late EnricoFermi while working for their PhD's. Mr.Chamberlain made his discovery of theanti-proton working with Mr. Emilio Segre(the fourth Nobel prize winner in physicssince 1953), who is noted for confirmingthe existence of the negatively chargedproton that can annihilate the positive proton of matter found on earth. Mr. Chamberlain and Mr. Segre, with the aid of twoassistants, created anti-protons in a powerful atom smasher, the Bevatron, at theUniversity of California's radiation laboratory in Livermore, Calif.Charles E. Lindell, '49, JD '52, andRalph M. Goren, JD '52, are partners inthe Chicago law firm of Goren, Horka &Lindell. They are engaged in the generalpractice of law, specializing in real estate,finance and administrative remedies.Leland Mahood, '49, has recently beenappointed by Attorney General of California Stanley Mosk, '33, to the AdvisoryCommittee of the Constitutional RightsSection of the Department of Justice forthe state of California.Peter Selz, AM '49, PhD '54, curator ofthe department of painting and sculptureexhibitions at the Museum of Modern Artin New York City, compiled the recentmajor exhibition, The New Images of Man.The exhibit of 104 works by 23 Americanand European artists presents a disquietingnew vision of ourselves. Katherine WoolfKuh, AM '28, the newly-appointed artcritic for the Saturday Review of Literature,recently wrote, "There are those who will beshocked by the brutality of the exhibition,but for me it remains curiously romanticand moral: romantic in its zeal for personalexpression, moral in its concentration onthe evils of our time."Jeanne Bodine Bean, '50, recently returned to the U. S. after spending threeyears in London, England. She and herhusband, Richard, who is in the Navy, livein Norfolk, Va., with their three children.Their youngest, David Forrest, was bornon October 17.Martin Brickman, '50, has had his ownlaw office in Albany, N. Y., since his discharge from the Armed Forces in the winter of 1956. He and his wife, the formerBarbara Cohen, have two daughters, agedfour and two-and-a-half.John H. Hagan, Jr., AM '50, PhD '57,has been named an instructor in Englishat Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. Mr.Hagan had been a member of the facultyof the University of Chicago. EPSTEIN '59Charles C. Laing, '50, PhD '54, has recently been appointed assistant professorin the botany department at the Universityof Nebraska.Robert W. Morell, MBA '50, and Richard J. Flynn, MBA '58, have both beenappointed to the faculty of St. Joseph'sCollege, Collegeville, Ind. Mr. Morell willbe an associate professor of business administration and chairman of the department of business administration; Mr. Flynnwill be an instructor in accounting.Freda Gould Rebelsky, '50, AM '54, isworking on her Ph.D. in child development and is a part-time research assistantat Harvard University.Donald A. Speer, '50, SM '53, is a research chemist at Rohm & Haas Co.,chemical manufacturers, Philadelphia.Eugene Telser, AM '50, has been appointed a vice president of Elrick andLavidge, Inc., market planning and. research, Chicago.51-56Lester A. Beaurline, AM '51, is a professor of education at the North CentralCollege in Naperville, 111., and is finishing the work on his Ph.D. at the U of C.Channing Briggs, AM '52, associate general secretary of the YMCA, recently leda panel discussion on a report of the causesof juvenile delinquency. Mr. Briggs statedthat "when a youngster feels he cannotattain his aspirations, the consequent frustrations may result in violence and delinquency. Recent studies show that some70 per cent of those adjudged juveniledelinquents are identified with the loweiclass." He suggested that more work bedone in helping youngsters "assess theiiresources honestly" and establish "realisticaspirations."Arthur L. Gropen, '52, '53, of Brooklynhas been appointed an instructor of mathematics at Wellesley College in WellesleyMass. During the 1958-59 academic yeai30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEhe was a Fulbright teaching fellow inmathematics at the University of Caenin France.Althea Greenwald Horner, '52, and herhusband, Edward, '43, MD '45, welcomedtheir fourth child and second son, KennethRobert, on October 24, in Pasadena, Calif.,where Dr. Horner is in the private practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Mrs.Horner is on brief leave from her graduate studies in clinical psychology at theUniversity of Southern California.Marc Nerlove, '52, a member of theUniversity of Minnesota faculty, and hiswife, the former Mary Ellen Lieberman,'55, welcomed a second daughter intotheir family on July 24, 1959: Mary Louise.Leonard J. Felzenberg, '53, is returningto his law practice in South Orange, N. J.,after having spent four years as a lieutenant in the U. S. Navy. Mr. Felzenbergwas the Fourth Naval District Trial Counsel on the staff of the district commandant, Rear Admiral Charles H. Lyman.Karl E. Limper, Ph.D. '53, has beenappointed dean of the College of Artsand Science of Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. Mr. Limper has been on thef acuity there since 1939 and has beenchairman of the geology department since1956. He is vice president of the eastcentral section of the American Association of Geology Teachers, a fellow of theOhio Academy of Science, and a memberof the Geological Society of America.Gregory B. Beggs, JD '54, of DownersGrove, 111., is an associate lawyer in theChicago law firm, Olson, Mecklenburger,von Hoist, Pendleton and Neuman. Heis married to the former Grace Dittmann;they have a daughter, Holly Gene, bornlast June 6.Norbert F. Kalinosky, AM '54, of Greenhay, Wise, has been supervising principalof Bear Creek Public Schools in BearCreek, Wise.Philip E. Seiden, '54, '55, SM '56, isabout to win his Ph.D. from StanfordUniversity after only two years of studywhile working full time as a researchscientist at the Lockheed Missile andSpace Division in Palo Alto, Calif. Hewas recently awarded a National ScienceFoundation post-doctoral fellowship for ayear of further study at the Universityof Grenoble in France. Mr. Seiden's specialty is solid state physics, with emphasisRICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331 TelephoneW. Jackson Blvd. MOnroe 6-3192UNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANK1354 East 55th Street" /4 &fa**tf 6eut6"MemberFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationMUseum 4-1200 on magnetism. He and his wife and theirtwo-year-old son, Jeffrey, leave for Europethis winter.Helen E. Wysocki, AM '54, left activeduty with the Army Nurse Corps in August and is now the assistant chief ofnursing education at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Fort Wayne, Ind. Theassistant chief of the nursing service thereis Corinne Tanner, AM '59.Robert E. Charles, '55, of Winnetka, 111.,is teaching in Athens, Greece.Robert A. Fernea, AM '55, of Vancouver, Wash., has been named assistantprofessor of anthropology and geographyat the American University at Cairo. Mr.Fernea previously spent two years in Iraq,making a sociological study of village life.He is a member of the American Anthropological Association and at present isengaged in the preparation of a chapteron Iraq for a book on the Middle East.Adrian J. Kochanski, PhD '55, dean ofthe Marquette University College of Liberal Arts, has been granted an indefiniteleave of absence to assist with the opening of a new Jesuit university in Seoul,Korea.Robert J. Kurland, '55, hopes to receive his L.L.B. degree from Harvard LawSchool in June.Eula Redenbaugh, AM '55, is the executive director of the University of ColoradoY.W.C.A.Jack N. Summerfield, AM '55, of Newport, Ore., recently accepted a position ascounty welfare administrator of the Douglas County Oregon State Public Welfare.Richard Lehrer, '56, of Riverdale, 111.,is a commerce agent with the Illinois Central Railroad Co. in Chicago.Carl Kaplan, MD '56, has been appointed a fellow in urology in the MayoFoundation at Rochester, Minn., a division of the graduate school of the University of Minnesota.Virginia Olesen, AM '56, is completingher work for a doctorate in sociology atStanford University, where she holds aHaynes Fellowship in the Social Sciences.57-59Marian Jenkinson, PhD '57, DorothyLampard, AM '46, and Esther Milner,PhD '49, of the faculty of the Universityof Alberta, and Helen Nichols Ridgeway,AM '47, a specialist in teaching retardedchildren for the Edmonton Public SchoolSystem, met for luncheon at a meetingof U of C alumni and potential alumniin Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.Jerome J. Landy, PhD '57, assistant professor of surgery at the University ofArkansas Medical Center, has received a$222,790 grant to establish a germ-freelaboratory for surgical research. The grant,which is to finance the project for fiveyears, was awarded by the National Institutes of Health, a part of the U. S. Public Health Service. Mr. Landy will usegerm-free animals to help conquer surgicalproblems that hitherto have remained unsolved. Frank Potter, Jr., JD '57, is presidentof the Portland, Ore., Alumni Club; VernDusenbery, JD TO, is vice president; JuneHanson Lofgren, AM '40, is secretary;and Bill Naito, AM '51, is treasurer.Daniel Offer, MD '57, is a resident inpsychiatry at Michael Reese Hospital inChicago.James V. Fitzpatrick, MBA '58, wasnamed general manager of the 1960 International Trade Fair. Mr. Fitzpatrickhas been associated with the City of Chicago Department of Buildings, in the administration of the building, housing, zoning, plumbing, elevator, ventilation andelectrical codes since 1955. During therecent Pan American Games, he servedas vice-chairman of the Pan AmericanGames Yachting Committee.Joanne Helperin, AM '58, who recentlyreceived her JD degree from De PaulUniversity, Chicago, was one of the sevenwomen who passed the June, 1959 barexamination in Washington, D. C. She isnow an attorney with the Securities andExchange Commission in Washington.Rudolf Kraus, AM '58, is teaching so-FITZPATRICK '58ciology at the University of WisconsinExtension Center in Green Bay, Wise.Barry W. Brown, '59, of Riverside, 111.,will receive his master's degree from theUniversity of California this year.Phillip S. Epstein, '59, in the MedicalSchool here, has recently been electedto a two-year term on the student-facultycourt. Mr. Epstein intends to pursue acareer in medical research.David Lehrfeld, '59, of Chicago, is inthe U. S. Army.Mary F. O'Neill, AM '59, is an instructor at Loyola University in Chicago.Carol Osuhowski, AM '59, is the educational director for the Carnegie Museumin Pittsburgh, Pa.Ann Underhill, AM '59, and HaroldRosenbaum, '53, MBA '55, were marriedon October 10. Mrs. Rosenbaum teachesat the Jenner Elementary School in Chicago.JANUARY, 1960 31MewotnafDr. Joseph P. Heinen, MD '95, died onMay 10, 1959 in Chicago.William C. Alden, AM '98, of Washington, D. C, died last April at the age of 87.Carl Dimond Greenleaf, '99, died athis home in Elkhart, Ind., on July 10. In1942 he was given a citation by theAlumni Association for "distinction in onefield of specialization or service to society,or both." Until his retirement he had beenpresident of the Conn Band InstrumentCo. His four children all attended theUniversity.George F. Thompson, MD '99, of OakPark, 111., died on November 10. Dr.Thompson was formerly an associate professor of surgery at the University of Illinois Medical School and president of theChicago Surgical Society.Maud McBurney May wood, '01 of Imperial Beach, Calif., died last February 15.Joseph H. M. Otradovec, MD '01, ofChicago, died on November 7.John Paul McArthur, '13, died in Vancouver, B. C, on July 20, 1958. Lewis Victor Heilbrunn, PhD '14, ofPhiladelphia, well known biologist andprofessor of zoology at the University ofPennsylvania, died in an automobile accident near Lovingston, Va., on October 24.Lyman L. Weld, '14, of Winnetka, 111.,died on November 12. Mr. Weld was thepresident of Feature Merchandising, Inc.,and regularly used his publicity talents inhelping to develop the reunions for theClass of 1914.Helen A. Ranlett, JD '15, of New YorkCity, died on October 22.Charles J. Ritehey, PhD '18, died onSeptember 2. After 24 years as chairmanof the history department at Drake University, Mr. Ritchey retired in 1956 toParkdale, Ore., where he was active incommunity affairs until his death. He issurvived by his wife, Mary Still Ritchey,AM '16, a son Leslie M. Ritchey, a daughter Frances "Ritchey Rogers, AM '46, andfive grandchildren.Frances Roberts Rothermel, '18, diedon November 13.Glen H. Tyrrell, '18, died on December5 in Sturgeon Bay, Wise. Mr. Tyrrellmoved to Fish Creek, Wise, from RiverForest, 111., a year ago when he retired asvice president and trust officer of the National Bank of Austin in Chicago.Earl V. Burfield, '22, JD '25, of Home-wood, 111., died on October 9.Elmer H. Mower, '25, died last June23 in Chicago.Howard Smithy '25, died on July 19in Lynchburg, Va. Margaret «Louise Brew, '26, SM '35,PhD '45, died on November 21.Lucia Marie Dean, AM '30, who hadretired from high school teaching inSpringfield, 111., died on August 15. Herwill establishes a memorial scholarshipfund in her name at the University.Annette Stein Laden, '31, died in Shreve-port, La., on September 5.Leland Aseltine> AM '39, died on October 15.Henry Mick, AM '38, of Windsor, Ontario died on November 14.Robert H. Cantzler, MBA '43, died inLakewood, Ohio, on November 23. Mr.Cantzler was the Cleveland representativeof the Westinghouse Airbrake Co. He issurvived by his wife, two sons, his mother,a brother, Richard M. Cantzler, '40, anda sister, Betty Cantzler Rossen, '44, SM'45.Donn H. Fischer, '45, of Hinsdale, 111.,died in New York on September 23.George W. Schaeffer, PhD '46, died onAugust 17. Mr. Schaeffer was the headof the department of chemistry at St.Louis University and one of the leadingboron chemists who have done researchfor the Atomic Energy Commission andthe National Science Foundation. He wason the faculty of the University of Chicago before going to St. Louis in 1949.John Cotton Brown, PhD '49, an associate professor of political science andpublic administration at Cornell Collegein Iowa, died on September 18 in CedarRapids, Iowa.\When is a Right a DUTY? tr \5Today everyone enjoys as his birthright, privileges which once werethe possession of only a few. But his birthright also includesresponsibilities with respect to the privileges he enjoys.Education is one of the privileges which carry responsibilities.All of us have the responsibility, for example, of helping to ensurethat every young person has the opportunity to complete hiseducation, and of seeing that the quality of instruction at ourschools and colleges is maintained at a high level.Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada is now offering throughnewspaper advertising from coast to coast in North America, aseries of free booklets on educational matters in which all of us shareresponsibility. Inquiries should be addressed to: Values inEducation, Sun Life of Canada, Montreal.WHY STAY IN SCHOOL? • SCHOLARSHIPS AND STUDENT LOAN PROGRAMSWHAT ABOUT TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS? • SPORTS TIPS FOR TEENAGERSWHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT SCHOOL BOARDS\ h32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINELast yearChicago alumni provided the University withnearly half a million dollars throughBEQUESTSranging in sizefrom $500 to $i88?oooIf you or your attorney wish specific informationplease write or telephoneHoward H. Moore, Legal DepartmentThe University of Chicago5801 Ellis Avenue, Chicago 37 Midway 3-0800, Extension 3027