«,fi>MAY 1958V;^C^*•*iffAnother University of Chicago Man-on the wayRemember when it was you standing there? Howyou squirmed when your father saw that one badreport card. You're glad now that he made youbuckle down — grateful that you were able to goon to one of the country's finest universities.Naturally, you want to be just as farsighted aboutyour own son's future. So now that he's one yearcloser to college — wouldn't it be wise to call yourMassachusetts Mutual man and discuss the bestinsurance plan for his education?And since this is the time for report cards and review,perhaps you should re-evaluate jour own career. Are youas far along as a man of your ability should be? For example, arc you* earning as much as $12,488a year? That was the 1957 average income of 615representatives who have been with the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company five yearsor longer.They are men like you — men chosen for theirfine education and background. All receivedthorough training and earned while they learned.Now they arc established in a career that uniquelycombines independence with stable income — plus thesecurity of group insurance and retirement benefits.^ If you would like to know more about this opportunity, write for a free copy of "A Selling Career".%yilMA44Mm44MM6LIFE INSURANCE COMPANYSPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTSThe Policyholders' CompanyMemoTwThirty-three bounces backRelaxed reading for alumniin their fortiesIt was the year 1933. Charles Laughtonwon the Academy Award for throwingbones over his shoulder as Henry VIIIand Disney's Three Little Pigs werefrustrating the wolf to the satisfactionof the Academy and the delight of theworld.Franklin D. Roosevelt said, "The onlything we have to fear is fear itself," andclosed every bank in the nation.Harry D. Gideonse prophesied thepassing of a word and a game: "Technocracy is a variety of intellectual MahJong. Ten years from now people willnot even remember what it was allabout."William F. Ogburn forecast: "Socialinsurance for old age, sickness, and unemployment will probably be adopted. . . No decrease in crime js in sight . . .Negroes will develop a greater esprit decorps as a class . . . The average expectancy of life is now 58 as compared with35 in 1800, It should be possible to reachthree score and ten." In 1954 the averagepassed three score and ten.Milton S. Mayer, who later decided amonkey is not intelligent just becausehe looks thoughtful when he scratches,wrote a story about the opening of theCentury of Progress under the title uTothe Brave Belongs the Fair." Miltonsaid: "In 1932 [three years after thecrash] LaSalle Street is cold and wormy. , . the citizens are sullen and cynical.The civic leaders are bankrupt, dead, orin Greece. The merchants are standingin line for the County Home. (Butl theworld asked for a fair and, by golly, itis going to get one."Even the Magazine got caught in thegrumpy times. Merrill Dakin, 15, wrotefrom Buffalo: "I hope [my dues] reachyou before His Majesty, Franklin I, decrees that alumni dues are to be paidin potatoes. In many ways the Magazine is a sad disappointment — a crossbetween Ballyhoo, Hooey, and the Congressional Record. [But} keep on sending it. I have had to drop my subscription to the Congressional Record and Ido not know of any other publicationwhich can outrage me, amuse me, andinstruct me as does the mouthpiece ofthe University of Chicago alumni."According to our records, MerrillDakin is still in Buffalo, a screw machineinspector for the Trico Products Corp.The Class of 1933Finally, the Class of '33 broke a thirty-eight year tradition by not publishing aCap & Gown. It was just one of those ucool • - . lightweight . * . comfortableOUR 'WASH AND WEAR' SUITSWe have an unusually comprehensive and attractiveselection of practical Summer clothing that— thanksto its Dacron* content—is crease-resistant, washable, and requires little or no pressing. Catalogueand swatches sent upon request.Town Wear Suit oj Dacron-Rayon-and-Mohair inMedium or Dark Grey, Navy, Tan, Brown;and Blue, Brown or Grey Miniature Pin Checks, $60In Oxford Grey, Brown or Navy Brooksweave -,t $49.50New Lightweight Irish Linen and "Terylene" Suitin a Natural Shade, $60Fine Rib Suit oj Cotton- Acetate-and-Dacron.In Grey, Tan or Blue, $32.50Finely Woven Blend oj Dacron-and-Cottonin Covert Tan, Dark Blue, Brown, Oxford Grey, $42.50*Du Pont's fiber tDacron-and-cottonESTABLISHED 1818to furnishings, if at* 3r Jf hoe*346 MADISON AVENUE, COR. 44TH ST., NEW YORK 17, N. Y.Ill BROADWAY, NEW YORK 6, N.Y.BOSTON • CHICAGO • LOS ANGELES • SAN FRANCISCOMAY, 1958harrowing, depressing, unlucky periods.Twenty-five years later, defying earlyadversity and doubtless strengthened byit, the Class of '33 returns to campus tocelebrate its 25th anniversary on Friday,the 13th— of June. And, what's more,they will distribute the 1933 Cap & Gownat the party.Committees are at work preparing thecopy. There will be pictures of the members — then and now. Questionnaires willbring the delayed issue up to date. Itwill doubtless be more interesting toread than if it had been published by the1933 seniors,On the questionnaire, under hobbies,one tactful member wrote: "In 1933:girls; today: my wife." Under "What youexpected to accomplish in 25 years,'"Carl Geppinger wrote: "Lick the world;"and under "What you did," he added:"Got licked." Carl is currently managerof the cheese division of Swift & Co.If you think this sounds like fun, comeback for reunion, June 12 through 14.There will be more for you. And you canlive in the brand new residence halls onDudley Field,Confidence moneyHere are some quick observations.There is a popular theory that anyregular reader of the Magazine is alertto our University's planning, progress,and needs. RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1 33 1W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMOnroe 6-3192Ergo— On the annual fund appeal he willalmost automatically contribute.Actually—not quite 50% of our 10,000members make annual gifts.However — only 15 rv of those who arenot members contribute. This makesour membership record look better.Also— 67'/, of the 1,268 listed in theCentury Club | $100 or morej are members.So— this is good.Yet — those 5,000 members who don'tmake gifts may be figuring that theirsaren't worth sending.But— the mean gift is around $11, whichis not so mean when you receive manythousands, is it?And — with heavy money | foundations,industry | asking what the alumnithink of their Alma Mater, numberscount.Finally-— maybe you can't afford muchbeyond dues but your vote of confidence would count a. lot. Q.E.D.HW.M.corruga I edbox service. Better-see H& O. GIVE TOTHE ALUMNI FOUNDATIONPARKER-HOLSMANReal Estate and Insurance1461 East 57th Street Hyde Park 3-2525PHOTOPRESS, INC.OFFSET-LITHOGRAPHYFine Color Work a SpecialtyQuality Book ReproductionCongress St, Expressway andGardner RoadCOIumbus 1-1420POND LETTER SERVICE, Inc.Everything in fittersHooven TypewritingMuitigraphingAddressograph Service MimeographingAddressingMailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones: 219 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123Lake Street PhoneKEdiie 3-3186YOUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTASTES BETTERWHEN IT'S ,C Swift & Company7409 So. State StiPhone RAdcliffe 3A pi Street3-74002 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEfn JjSs fsssueX hose of you who viewed "Conquest"over the CBS television network, Sunday, April 13, already have been introduced to Joanne Gerould Malkus. In"Pacific Cloud Hunt" (Page 4), shebrings us "the story behind the story"shown on Conquest, with intimate sidelights on the life of a weather researcher.A top expert on storms and hurricanes,Mrs. Malkus took both her undergraduate and graduate work at Chicago. Shereceived her PhD, under Dr. C. G. Ross-by, in 1945, the first doctorate in meteorology ever conferred upon a woman atChicago or, so far as is known, anywhere.When not hopping airplanes to the farcorners of the world in search ofweather, Mrs. Malkus rests camera andinstruments at Woods Hole (Mass.)Oceanographic Institution, where she isin charge of a special project on theorigin of tropical storms and hurricanes.The project keeps her in 'close touch withthe University, which is engaged withWoods Hole in a joint analysis of tropical disturbances for the Weather Bureau.l_jess than six months ago, a class orstudent profile could not have been attempted without considerable time andlabor. Since the installation of an IBMmachine in administration, however, apress of a button, a pull of a lever, andadmissions can tell you in a flash notonly how many students hail fromwhere, but a lot of other pertinent thingsabout the composition of the studentbody. Gone are the days of hand-sortingand count to obta,in statistical data. Itwas their demise, brought on by theIBM, that inspired Admissions DirectorChuck O'Connell to suggest the profilebrought you on Page 14.Joe David Thomas, '29, AM '30, was areader for as well as a student of JamesWeber (Teddy) Linn. His "The Wisdomof Teddy Linn" (Page 12) written outof "the most affectionate personal memories," is bound to evoke similar sentiments on the part of hundreds of alumniwho knew and studied under him.Y ELLENA SEEVERS, an alumna of theGraduate School of Hospital Administration, brings a wealth of practical aswell as theoretical knowledge to illuminethe role of hospital administrator (Page10). After a, year's administrative residency, she served successively as a fellow with the Kellogg Foundation; a hospital specialist with the War ProductionBoard; administrator of a 100-bed hospital; and finally a specialist in hospitalfund raising, prior to joining the staff ofthe American College of Hospital Administrators. LfaciiqoMAGAZINE M MAY, 1958FEATURES4 Pacific Cloud HuntI I Hospital Administrator14 Student Profile18 The Wisdom of Teddy Linn Volume 50, Number 8Joanne MalkusYellena SeeversCharles O'ConnellJ. D. ThomasDEPARTMENTS1 Memo Pad3 In This Issue20 News of the Quadrangles25 Books27 Letters27 Alumni Club News28 Class News32 MemorialCOVERSpring, late in arriving, was just about to begin bustin' out all overwhen the camera of Robert Malone espied Louise Sweet and RalphNicholas on the steps of Ida Noyes Hall. Louise, a freshman at theUniversity, plans to major in political science. She comes from CassTechnical High School, Detroit; home town also of Ralph, a first yeargraduate student in anthropology. Ralph took his undergraduatework at Wayne State University, where he was managing editor ofthe school newspaper.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEditor Editorial AssistantMELANIA SOKOL M. ROSS QUILLIANTHE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONExecutive Secretary-EditorHOWARD W. MORTAdministrative AssistantRUTH G. HALLORANRegional DirectorsCLARENCE A. PETERS (Eastern)WILLIAM H. SWANBERG (Western The Alumni FundORLANDO R. DAVIDSONFLORENCE I. MEDOWStudent RecruitmentMARJORIE BURKHARDTProgrammingELIZABETH SHAW BOBRINSKOYPublished monthly, October through June, by The University of Chicago Alumni Association,5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois. Annual subscription price, $4.00. Single copies,25 cents. Entered as second class matter December I, 1934, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois,under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising agent: The American Alumni Council, B. A Ross,director, 22 Washington Square, New York, N Y.MAY, 1958 3-^^MS^^^^¦#^ -»vAn Episode behind the Scenesin Weather ResearchThe writer about to board(ilobe master at Hickam Air Force Base.Hatvaii. Smalt ladder leads to rampopening into huge cargo chamber.By JOANNE MALKUS, '43, SM '45, PhD '49Meteorologist, Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionTN weather research, rarely can we-*- capture cloud or cyclone in laboratory or test tuhe. To find out howwinds blow and storms are born,meteorologists and their instrumentshave had to thumb their way on devices ranging from barrage balloonsto missile-bearing rockets. This storyis an episode from a meteorological"hitch-hike," this time aboard themilitary cargo planes that ply thePacific airways: its quarry, the cloudsof the tropical hurricane factory.Struggling with the puzzle of thehurricane, we'd begun to suspect thata key piece involved the long linesof giant clouds growing in the stormbreeding grounds over the sub- equatorial oceans. MATS (Military AirTransport Service) aircraft regularlyplied routes across the crucial territory: Could they be used to acquiresome of the vitally needed informationabout tropical clouds and storms? Thisquestion raised a challenge and led toan adventure, an adventure in whichthe heroes were an aging DouglasGlobemaster and her crew.The supply arm for Uncle Sam'schain of military outposts, these giantaircraft quietly perform a job withoutwhich many distant air bases couldnot exist. Cargoes on the Pacific run,thirty thousand pounds of it at a singleload, range in content from aircraftengines addressed to Bangkok, totractors, electronic equipment, andliquid oxygen tanks bound for Tokyo,down to a shipment of ice cream forthe officers' mess on Kwajalein Atolland a baby carriage crated for Guam."Tumult in the sky" over the Pacifichurricane spawning ground. Rareconditions are required to grow clouilslike these [top of rounded one isabout 25,000 feet] . Purpose of thecloud hunt was to pin them down. Strange cargoes and even strangerhuman freight are no novelty for thetwo airmen "loadmasters." Trainedtechnicians riding with the loadthey've organized, balanced, calculated, and stowed themselves, thesemen also have served as efficient andconsiderate stewards to Hungarianescapees, wounded veterans, StateDepartment couriers, and last August,two civilian scientists from WoodsHole Oceanographic Institution: myself, a female meteorologist, and myassociate, Claude Ronne, the institution's chief research photographer,who for some puzzling reason appeared before them, apparently determined to film the cloud formationsover endless miles of tropical seas.And why do we do this? Whatstrange concatenation of circumstances brought us there, huddled between films, cameras, notebooks, andsnoring airmen "sacked in" on litterswedged between crates and oil drums,in a flying barn eight thousand feetabove a shipless ocean? We and our16 mm Bolex movie camera, peeringfrom the Globemaster's rear windowacross the International Dateline, weremore than five thousand miles from"home base," the colonial brick building of our research laboratory onCape Cod, Massachusetts. Yet thesame faithful Bolex was carrying onwork it had begun for us seven yearsago from the Cape Cod beaches andislands, that it had continued from anavy flying boat in the West Indiesand from the mountains of Jamaicaand shores of Puerto Rico.V>4 umulus cloud research by aircraftand by photography formed a longstanding part of our meteorology program at Woods Hole. These cottony, cauliflower-headed clouds grow mostabundantly over the tropical oceansand are more than decorative backgrounds in post cards of palm treesand coral atolls. Clusters of warmmoist updrafts, made visible by condensation of liquid droplets, they funnel upward surface air which hasbeen wetted and heated by passageover sun-warmed seas. In so doing,they unwittingly pump the fuel thateventually drives all the mighty windsand cyclones of the globe. This fuelis at first mainly latent or "hidden"in the form of water vapor which enters the lower air by evaporationfrom wave and spume. These clustersof small clouds start it on its way byloading the tropical air stream withmoisture; only much later is a smallfraction converted into the famousjet stream winds or into the heat thatbalances the losses to space in thelong polar night. To drive distantwinds or to breed hurricanes, onenecessary condition must first be met:the small clouds must grow to giantsand pour forth rain. Only in this waycan the vapor fuel be "combusted"into real or useful heat.But a basic paradox remained: theendless miles of ocean are commonlycovered with bunches of puny, slanting columns, with tops barely pushingeight thousand feet. The monsterrunaways, with tops reaching thirtythousand feet or higher, necessary forwind and storm, are rare indeed; veryspecial conditions appear to be required to grow them. Needed was anactual on the spot comparison of normal (small cloud) and abnormal(monster cloud) conditions. TheMATS flights went there, but even ifwe could get on them, was there anyway to use their busy aircraft for5quantitative measurements? Hitchhikers must travel light and be self-contained, so that photographyseemed to be the only hope. Aerialphotographs can be made into accurate land maps, why not cloudmaps? Accurately time-lapsed moviesfrom an aircraft moving at knownspeed can provide series of stereoviews from which cloud heights, sizesand locations could later be constructed. This sounded feasible inlaboratory conception, but could wedevise a foolproof method? Could awoman get the necessary permissionand military orders? Even if granted,how many unforeseen catastropheswould interpose between plans andfinished photographs?One of these struck us at theeleventh hour, after months of planning, equipment modification andtesting. All high-flying pressurizedMATS passenger flights were scheduled for night-time hours; no photographs are possible in darkness. Onlycargo Globemasters flew by day andnever above nine thousand feet. Wouldthe loss in altitude fatally restrict ourview of clouds? Could these leviathans, capable of carrying two hundred troops, unknown to us except asheroes of the Korean air lift, flyinghospital, aerial munition freight train,also pinch-hit as a temporary meteorological laboratory?Ds^espite my previous thousandhours doing research from airplanes,these fears turned my stomach overin the morning of our first take-off,from Hickman Air Force Base,Hawaii, as I watched our foot lockerof cameras hoisted into the huge bellyof the Globemaster: a tiny matchboxon a gigantic platform stacked highwith drums, crates, aircraft enginesand mailsacks. Raised, this wholeplatform would become merely halfthe floor of the cargo compartment.To its rear, between the litters of oursleeping fellow passengers, the floorspace would become our photographicstudio, and the tie-down stowagelocker, our work table.So far, however, the first day's venture had started auspiciously; ourgood fortune began when we had metthe flight crew at Base Operationstwo hours before scheduled take-offtime. Would our cloud -mappingscheme, requiring from them copiesof hourly positions, airspeeds, andheadings be an annoyance? Reassur-6 ance was swift. The aircraft commander, Captain John Rodger s,USAF, was young, jovial, and friendly.More skeptical were the dispatchingofficers at Operations. They perusedthe fine print in my sheaf of papersto find out whether a woman couldlegitimately board a cargo flight —most unusual. I left with them fivecopies of these precious orders— thekeys to the entire military kingdom— needed to procure everything froma bathtowel at billeting desks to anairplane ride across an ocean. LaterI learned to distribute copies of travelorders like handbills. Thus greased,the wheels turned with courtesy andeffectiveness. More than one hundredcopies of these magic documents withmy name on them remain strewn asmementoes in the far corners of thePacific, a veritable Kilroy in quin-tuplicate.When our skipper- to-be had completed his own vaster maze of formsin Operations, we tagged after himto the Base Weather Station, wherethe familiar array of charts with theirhigh and low pressure systems andwind arrows brought news of anotherunexpected good fortune (for us). Onthe current map, no less than fivetyphoons were swirling their evil wayacross the Pacific Ocean, all at onetime (a near record), and a beautiful"low pressure trough" lay right in ourflight path in the storm breedingarea just beyond our first stoppingpoint at Wake Island. Here we couldindeed hope to track down the monster species of our quarry, the towering cumulonimbus, bringing to thecloud hunter the thrill that the trailof the lion does to the African safari.An extra angle of hope was addedto our cumulus search: further pursuitof the suspected connection betweenour clouds, overgrown to giants, andthe problem of the birth and growthof the vicious typhoon and her sisterthe Atlantic hurricane. Recent hurricane exploration had revealed spiralling bands of these huge anvil-toppedcumulonimbus, in rows that fannedlike the arms of a pinwheel outwardfrom the center of a mature storm.How do these thunderheads distributeBolex set up and running automaticallyat the Globemaster window*Bucket sertts have been folded upand stoived below the tripod. themselves in the breeding area, inthe incipient storm? Hope that wecould actually unravel some of thesemysteries with measurements rose aswe filed out of the weather stationwith Captain Rodgers.i t was August 16, 1957, 10:30 a.m.,Hawaii time. Aircraft 10176 had beenloaded, checked and double checkedand cleared for 11:00 a.m. take-off,on schedule, for Manila and Bangkok,with the islands of Wake and Guamas intermediate refueling points. Firststop Wake Atoll, a tiny dot in themid -Pacific, twenty -three hundredmiles and eleven hours flying timeaway. Heading westward and pursuing the sinking sun, we could expectdaylight in which to capture ourprecious clouds the whole waythrough, although our arrival time atWake would be the evening of August17, a day and a half later! Crossingthe International Dateline was old hatto our MATS crew; on this trip Captain Rodgers had a full complementand a relief crew as well. At 10:45 atotal of five officers and four sergeantsdisappeared after him up a tiny metalladder just forward of the landinggear into the enormous silver belly ofthe readied aircraft. To the amazement of the ground crew, still wheeling away engine- check stands andtesting tire pressures, I scrambledafter them, clutching skirt and notebook against a twenty mile-an-hourtrade wind.^.•.'.''t\, "!;&-?£¦-Most tropical clouds remain smalland stunted. Endless miles ofocean are normally coveredwith puny cloudlets like these.whose tops are here about 5.000feet and rarely exceed 8.000 feet*Within the thirty -foot -high cargochamber, the bucket seats and safetybelts were already fully occupied byour fellow passengers, who sat withtheir knees scrunched up against thetowering central mound of cargo; regardless of rank we had to climb overtheir knees to reach our camera station in the rear. Later, this humanobstacle course became routine in myfrequent trips to the crew compartment, and it no longer seemed oddwhen a sudden bump landed me ina strange man's lap or bunk.Even now, apologies and attemptsat introductions were lost against thestarting chokes and roars of four en gines, as was the voice of the load-master who was shouting somethingabout life rafts in our ears as wehunched over to attach the Bolex toits tripod at the window. Betweensafety belt straps and exposuremeters, the moment of take-off wasdrowned, recognizable only by theclunk of the raised landing gear afterbeing airborne and the sudden reliefof the broiling heat. After the Bolexwas running automatically from itsattached batteries and we could againlook out the window, Waikiki andDiamond Head were receding in hazeand the mighty cruisers and aircraftcarriers in Pearl Harbor acquired theinnocent dimensions of children's toysas the vast Pacific unrolled below.jnLs I climbed through the trap doorto the second story flight deck for thefirst time, we were just passing thelast radio check point out of Hawaii.From now on Loran fixes would give us our position once an hour. Navigation was also the key to our ownproject: to know the location of thecloud formations was essential tomapping them. To pinpoint locationswe had devised a way of momentarilyinserting in front of the Bolex lens aslide with position and hour inscribed,as these were reported to me by myvisits to the navigator. As I waitednow for him to finish his chart plotting, I looked around me in the crewcompartment.On the left, the navigator sniffedoxygen as he twiddled with the radarset, peered into a drift sight, andpushed his slide rule simultaneously.Just behind him perched the radioman, who was making picturesquenoises about Foxtrots, Zebras, andsomeone named Charlie that conveyedour position, course, speed, and estimated arrival time, to be relayedfrom radio Hawaii to radio Wake. Onthe right side sat the engineer: master7mechanic, master computer, mastermagician, and his apprentice, alsopushing a slide rule. Before himtowered a wall, glittering with dials,levers and buttons, from which he inferred the physical condition of thefour 3750-horsepower engines. Growing dizzy from trying to figure outwhat these meant, I moved forwardto the pilot's compartment.Here, in contrast to the hummingbeehive of activity behind, CaptainRodgers sat alone, legs crossed underhim, tailor fashion, and seeminglywhistling as he drank coffee from apaper cup. "George/' the automaticpilot, was flying. Ahead and belowspread a panorama of trade cumulusclouds, glaring white against the glaring blue of the Pacific, with rainbowsaround the shadow of the airplane aswe just skimmed the tallest towers.I was motioned to the empty co-pilot'schair; this rightly seemed to CaptainRodgers an ideal view for photography, which I eagerly began, worming the camera through the vacatedcontrol wheel. We needed as manypanoramic still views as possible tosupplement the precision movies.Our skipper's inactivity was more apparent than real, and short-lived atthat. Soon the navigator's hand appeared containing the position plots,followed by his head, which statedthat the winds were weaker thanforecast, requiring postponement ofour estimated arrival. Then the engineer's assistant appeared, reportingthat No. 3 engine (inboard, starboardside) was leaking" oil. He gave detailedsymptoms, pressures, r.p.m's, technical terms. Captain Rodgers answeredin similar language: the gist, nothingto worry about as yet, but one moresituation for the skipper to retainin his mind.V>4aptain Rodgers seemed anythingbut depressed by the development.His eyes sparkled as he helped meprop my camera to focus on a beautiful cloud ahead: they were indeedgrowing gloriously according to prediction. The glittering towers lookedlike hard snowy mountain crags aswe approached, only to dissolve intogrey jouncy fog, splashing the windshield and leaking rainwater in on ourheads. Successive groups were building higher now, and here and there anicy anvil fanned out skyward. The Rows of cumulonimbus towers withivy anvils lined up to either sidenf us like telephone poles along anogre's highway. Photograph from thepilot's seat by Captain Rodgers.relief crew were waking up from thebunks stacked behind the trap door.I decided to return below to see howmy Bolex and colleague were faring.Both were staring northward enraptured at the unfolding display oftheir quarry. Animal shapes, turtles,sheep, and elephants, mushrooms withrounded glistening tops shot up andwere swallowed, leaving veils of droplets and circular rainbows on the sideopposite the sun; white cloud reflections shimmered in the glassy, calm,tropical blue ocean below. The Bolexshutter squeaked imperturbably on,faithfully exposing its one frame persecond. Its operator had been movedto poetry, as I discovered by peekinginto his omnipresent notebook. Amongthe "Reel 4 on at such an hour, offat such an hour'' he had written: "Itis indeed a lonely impulse of delightthat drives to this tumult in theclouds." And further back, among fvinumbers and altitudes, "Clouds thismorning are high and exultant." Weourselves were high and exultant aswe sat down on the stowage locker toeat the box lunches that the load-master had brought, before returningto snore in his bunk at our feet.Around us, our fellow passengerswere also asleep, on litters orstretched out, uncomfortable looking,on bucket seats, legs and arms dangling, except for two who were sittingon opposite ends of a stretcher witha card game set out on a pillow between them. Silence reigned, exceptfor the deafening roar of the engines,rattle of cranes, and groans of cargostraps. We gnawed chicken legs andopened little plastic boxes of catsup,then suddenly looked at each otherand began to howl with giggles. Thiselegant picnic, including fruit juice,The Globemaster headsinto the darkening murkunder the altostratus shieldof Typhoon Agnes. microscopic can opener, paper napkins, and candy bar, taking place ina moving barn in the absolute middleof nowhere, surrounded by prostrateunconscious strangers, defied us tokeep our faces stiff with scientificsobriety.Just then, Captain Rodgers passedby on one of his "off-duty" tours ofinspection of tail and cargo. Joiningthe feast, he conveyed to us in pantomime that he intended "fire -balling"(landing only for fuel) at Wake Island: a two hour stop there and on toGuam by night. This was heartbreakindeed for us, for we would thencross the precious Wake-Guam breeding ground in darkness. And on thisflight, so far, the cloud factory wasproducing the best we'd yet seen.But all too soon, as the clouds builtup, ever taller, the sun began to sink,painting them with pink-gold towers,crimson backs and linings, and anvilstreamers iridescent. As the weirdgold light began to fade, lessenednoise and increasing heat told us thatdescent had begun. As the last wafer of the sun's fiery disk disappeared intothe Pacific, we sighted Wake, a tinyperfect round atoll, glistening whiteand green in the dying rays, apparently a tropical paradise in miniature— from six thousand feet.xTLs we began our approach andmany turns for landing, my semi-trained ear suggested that No. 3 engine was now7 really misbehaving.Smoke, more oil, and terrible noiseswere spewdng forth. Strapped in thebucket seat next to me, the relief copilot confirmed my suspicion that aguardian angel of cloud photographershad intervened to frustrate fireball -ing: a cylinder had broken and repairs would probably require an overnight delay. After a perfect landing,as we descended the ladder into ashrivelling oven, I began to wonder ifour guardian had been an angel afterall. Places as hot as this are generallyenvisaged in literature as antithesesof Paradise, and Wake Island lived upto every specification devised by themost diabolic imagination.9A series of sectors of a half moon,barely two miles across, Wake is toosmall and uninviting to be a colony,a territory, or even a military base.A sign in the terminal admits that theisland has no natives, but claims someresident families. I scored two women,no children. Native fauna: non-existent. Native flora: one potted palm atthe terminal door, five sickly petuniasoutside the restaurant, and burrbushes — the green I saw from the air— of ultra clinging propensities everywhere, particularly at night. Historicsights: one wrecked Japanese landingbarge. Recreation: a small bar-roommost appropriately named "Drifter'sReef." Our crew informed us, whenwe met them and the fifty other inmates of Wake there, that the placewas a good spot for skin diving, provided you liked the sport, knew how,and had brought your own equipment.Even then, only one remote beach wasswimmable. The remaining inviting-looking stretches of sand were forbidden due to sharp coral, sharks, orboth together. At this point, the timebeing 11:30 p.m., the bar closed, andthe drifters were all cast loose. Igroped my way through the breathless darkness and burr patches to thewomen's barracks. Plastered with "OffLimits" signs, this edifice providedthe nocturnal comforts of a busy jail._LFay dawned to a downpour, awhole sky burst in fact, and the plant -less ground and unpaved street ran intorrential rivers of mud. I had myswim, minus coral and sharks. Arriving at the mess hall, I collided withCaptain Rodgers, nattily dressed in atransparent plastic raincoat overbright red bathing trunks. He introduced, with considerable fanfare, hissimilarly clad companion, one MajorPietrucha, whose red hair, pointedface and grin of a mischievousMephistopheles fitted right in with myimpression of Wake. However, he didnot disappear in a puff of smoke as wedeparted, but on the contrary, clambered right aboard with us. Aircraft10176, repaired and refueled, at merciful last climbed into the cool Pacificsky, and, dodging thunderheads, setcourse onward and westward, forGuam, Manila, and the Orient.Later today we were to encounterTyphoon Agnes, or at least the outskirts of her outskirts. For us, unpleasantly acquainted with her "little" Atlantic sisters, Carol, Connie andDiane, even this distant brush with themature superstorm promised morethan enough excitement. Six hundredmiles across, two-hundred-mile-an-hour winds circling her central eye,full-blown Agnes dominated the entire weather map northeast of thePhillipines.At first, as we headed west over theocean spawning ground that hadhatched her, sky and sea were blue.Ahead stretched a cloud-free street,about twenty miles across, with cumulonimbus towers lining either side,erected like the white skyscrapers ofa giant Manhattan in the sky, becoming ever taller and more congested aswe strode along it in 225 mile-per-hour steps. Again we had aimed theBolex toward the north, where thedisplay far exceeded even the panorama of the previous evening. Rainand cat's paw pocked the ocean surface; the weather factories were reallyfired up now, combusting water vaporfuel into heat energy and squall. Toobusy to be excited, I was aiming mystill camera southward, to obtainstereographic pairs of prints. Thiseffort was timed and superintended byseveral of our fellow passengers, today kept wakeful by the increasingbumps and jolts.J3y the time we had been in the airtwo hours, the first ominous signs ofdistant typhoon appeared on the seabelow. A regular, long, oily swellrolled in from north of west, bringing home with a shock that Agnes wasreal, not just a series of circular linesdrawn on a weather map, or a textbook figment of a meteorologist'simagination. The sky acquired theoppressive grey-green "doldrum"look reminescent of a novel by JosephConrad, with heavy ink-black sheetspouring from the tops of the crowdingmonster chimneys lined up like telegraph poles along an ogre's highway.The sun flashed weakly yellowthrough the radiating icy cirrusstreamers, as the Globemaster beganto bank and weave to dodge the mostturbulent bands of squalls. "George"was not at the controls now. Man'slargest flying vehicle seemed smallindeed compared to the machinerythat inhuman forces had devised. Itwas both a terror and a comfort torecall that the energy from thirtythousand atomic bombs would feed our Miss Agnes for less than a day.My trips to the crew compartmentbecame hazardous as the bumps increased, with more frequent side visitsinto airmen's laps and sudden sit-downs on projecting oil drums andcorners of crates as I crawled forward. The final ascent to the flightdeck was negotiable only by clingingfiercely, notebook in teeth, to the ropealongside the ladder which served onmy undignified descents as a swayingversion of the fireman's pole. Myearlier regret that we were scheduledto part company with the aircraft atGuam diminished somewhat, simultaneously with the equilibrium of mystomach.A he crew, on the other hand, wereenjoying themselves enormously. Captain Rodgers reclined cross-legged inhis bunk, happily reading a book onByzantine history, and drinking coffee as usual. Peering into the pilot'ssanctum, I saw none other than themysterious Major Pietrucha at thecontrols, his Mephistophelean grineven wider as he banked deftly toavoid a sinister thunderhead. Whichone of us had mortgaged his soul andfor what? The supernatural aspect ofour new fellow voyager rose higherwhen I encountered him again, onmy second even more precariouslyachieved ascent through the trap door.This time he was perched on the radioman's stool, complete with headsetand jargon, bombarding the displacedoperator with technical questions,sixty to the dozen. Ten minutes afterthat, when I came back from havingcoffee with Captain Rodgers — orrather from my having coffee whilehe took pictures (some of our best),Major Pietrucha had assumed themost esoteric post of all. Seated on theengineer's throne before the vista offlashing lights, oscilloscope traces andwhirling needles, he was pushing buttons with the savoir faire of one whohad been born there. My curiositycould no longer be controlled and themystery was at last unravelled. Heproved to be the (human) emissary ofthe (presumably human) MATS Command, a so-called Chief Pilot makingan inspection survey of aircraft, procedures, and crew performances.MATS seemed determined to do agood job even better.When, by a series of random fall-Continued on Page 2410 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHospital AdministratorBy YELLENA SEEVERS, Assistant Director,American College of Hospital AdministratorsEvolutionary changes swingspotlight on theOver a period of years a new profession has been emerging onthe national scene. Little is reallyknown about it outside the so-called"health field" where it plays a vitalrole. Its name is hospital administration.To gain an insight into the profession and its many -faceted activity,perhaps it is simplest to view brieflythe environment within which itfunctions.Hospitals are seemingly a worldapart from the daily flow of life.Actually they enter into the lives ofmillions of people and in a variety ofways. They serve us in times of illness; they aid doctors in the practiceof medicine; they provide jobs forpeople of many talents and skills, andwithin them, thousands train for careers and service to mankind.Hospitals are an integral part ofcommunity life and community services. Millions of men, women andchildren annually enter hospitals fortreatment and care of ailing bodiesand minds. Last year alone, hospitaladmissions totaled over twenty-twomillion, a figure equal to the combined populations of the metropolitanareas of New York, Chicago and LosAngeles. Additional thousands uponthousands of other patients visitedand revisited hospital clinic and outpatient departments for check-up andtreatment for a miscellany of maladies which harass so many in ourmidst.Such mass dependence and massutilization of hospitals indeed is unprecedented in the history of man.Interestingly enough all this is a relatively recent development. Seventy -five years ago, only a hundred seventy-eight hospitals were providingcare for the sick. Today there are approximately eighty-five hundred.More importantly, in the relativelyshort span of a lifetime, from simplenursing homes, hospitals have evolved into complex medical centers andwith this evolution has come theemergence of hospital administrationas a profession.Many people living today can wellrecall when hospitals were primarilyconvenient "pigeon-holes" for thedestitute sick or, at best, places of lastresort and hope. Hospitals generallywere regarded with suspicion andfear, to be avoided whenever possible.Today, within the hospital, doctor removes Junior's tonsils or Dad's appendix, delivers babies, repairs cuts andhernias, sets broken bones, operateson heart and brain, and tends to a vastrange of illnesses and defects which,at least for the present, seem to bepart of man's lot.The primary function of hospitals isservice to patients and their physicians; and in discharging this responsibility, hospitals must provide awhole gamut of services and facilities.Although some of these are not unlikethose of a hotel, the majority are ofa specialized nature, for the essenceof hospital care is the availability ofprofessional and technical servicesand facilities in times of need.A wide range of skills go into theproduction of these services and amiscellany of equipment and facilitiesis required. Among thousands of itemspurchased annually are not only thoseemployed in housing and feeding, butalso a fantastic array of technicalequipment, scientific apparatus, instruments, drugs, dressings, medications and other items too numerous tomention.Estimated investment in hospitalbuildings, equipment and furnishingsruns over $13 billion — a sizeable figureeven in this age of billion-dollar budgets. Additional millions are expendedannually for expansion and new hospital construction; for unlike in thebusiness world, there is never fear of a recession insofar as demand for hospital services is concerned. The demand continues to grow, and this inspite of the fact that the country isenjoying better health than ever before — at least that is, if we accept ourlow mortality rate as criteria of national well-being.Operating expenses last year wereover $6 billion, of which almost $4billion went to pay the salaries of thevast labor force required for care ofthe sick. Staggering, indeed, is thesum of money needed to maintain andoperate our hospitals. Thus it is evident that proper planning, procurement, organization and coordination ofall these resources are of paramountimportance in meeting effectively andeconomically the needs of the sick,their doctors and the community. Theresponsibility for all this is that of thehospital administrator.*Hospital administrators are of diverse backgrounds — some are doctors,some are nurses; the majority arefrom other walks of life and come intothe field via a variety of routes. Weknow them by many names: superintendent, manager, medical director,etc.** Most of them have the title ofadministrator; but regardless of title,they have but one objective — the effective and efficient functioning of thehospital, be it in peace or war, inperiods of prosperity or recession.The mid-century hospital is an exceedingly complex organization ofhuman skills and material, geared forthe care of the sick and the injured.Within it a great diversity of technical* Legally the responsibility for the hospitaland everything that transpires within itrests with the governing board of the hospital; however, the board employs anadministrator who is charged with the responsibility of operating the hospital in accordance with the board's wishes.**A recent survey by the American Collegeof Hospital Administrators of administrativetitles among its members reveals that over30 designations are used for the position ofadministrator.MAY, 1958 11and non-technical jobs are performed,so that the administrator must plan,direct and supervise from twenty tothirty service units or departments.Among the basic units are nursing,clinical laboratories, x-ray and deeptherapy, operating, delivery and emergency services, dietary, pharmacy,physical and occupational therapy,and medical records; medical and patient libraries; business management,personnel and public relations; admitting, information and communications; purchasing, storage of equipment and supply; housekeeping,laundry, power plant and propertymaintenance and repair.It is the administrator's responsibility to see that each unit functionsefficiently, and also that all work as aneffective whole in the program designed to alleviate pain and restorehealth. This is no easy job under thebest conditions. It is exceedingly difficult in the face of chronic shortages offunds and of workers (nurses, technicians, dietitians, therapists, etc.) andwith the additional handicap, in all toomany instances, of inadequate or outdated and outmoded facilities. Yet theadministrators tackle their jobs withingenuity, resourcefulness and devotion to duty.In addition to care of the sick, thehospital administrator must overseea number of other functions which thehospital has had to assume in relatedareas of endeavor. It is involved inthe education of physicians, nursesand technicians, among others. Itplays a prominent role in programsfor prevention of illness and improvement of community health. It servesas an important center for scientificresearch and studies and in thecourse of events, the hospital has hadto assume responsibility for thequality of medicine practiced withinits walls. It might be well to explorebriefly this latter function because ofits significance in the area of patientcare and because it is not generallyunderstood.For diagnosis and treatment, thehospital depends entirely on the members of the medical profession withinits community. The scope and qualityof these services thus reflect availabletalent. Each doctor functions as anindependent agent, yet is dependenton hospital diagnostic and treatmentfacilities for a substantial number ofhis patients. As a result, we find twoindependent yet mutually interde pendent areas of interest and responsibility. It is quite a unique relationship and one which creates numerousand, at times, intricate problems.The advance of medical science hasmade the practice of modern medicinehighly complex and highly exacting.Fulfillment of requirements to affixM.D. after his name is no guarantythat the medical graduate has thenecessary skills or experience to practice surgery, or obstetrics, or pediatrics, or whatever his field of interestmight be. Those involved in thevarious aspects of patient care are alltoo well aware of this. They likewiseappreciate the fact that acute judgment is not always used by the sickin selecting persons to attend them.As a result, continuous effort and influence are brought to bear by suchorganizations as the American MedicalAssociation, the American College ofSurgeons, the Joint Commission onAccreditation of Hospitals and miscellaneous specialty boards within themedical profession. In this area, thehospital exercises added influence inseveral ways:1. It limits use of its facilities toqualified ethical members of themedical profession within itscommunity.2. It defines the area of medicinethat each doctor can practicewithin the hospital. For example, only those with the necessary skill and experience arepermitted to perform surgery,practice obstetrics or treat medical patients, etc.3. It establishes rules and regulations pertaining to medical practice within its walls by whicheach doctor must abide in orderto be granted hospital privileges.These regulations cover consultations, performance of abortions, staff meetings for reviewof medical cases and maintenance of patients' histories,among other things.In all these matters, the hospitaladministrator is the liaison betweenthe governing board and the medicalstaff. It is his responsibility to seethat the board's policies and hospitalrules and regulations are observedand, if they are not, to initiate stepsto ensure adherence.Outside institutional problems, hospital administrators are concernedwith a variety of community problems. They are concerned with the needs of the mentally ill, the aged andthe chronically sick, the physicallyhandicapped, mentally retarded andmany other groups. They are concerned with the economic burdensimposed by illness and are continuallysearching for ways and means to keephospital costs down; and they areequally concerned to see that all whoneed care get it. One approach in thelatter area was the development of theBlue Cross plans.Many -faceted is the job of hospitaladministrator and one in which specialtalents and training have become ofthe essence; for as hospitals evolvedinto centers of medical care it wasrecognized that special administrativeskills would be needed to managethem. Training of hospital executiveswas a recurring topic of discussion inthe hospital field, but not until the1920's was anything in the nature ofsubstantial studies undertaken andnot until the following decade did asustained program of training appear.Two developments of far-reachingimplications were the formation of theAmerican College of Hospital Administrators (ACHA)* in 1933, and* Membership in this professional society isrestricted only to those individuals who havethe required background in education, training and experience. Thus far over 3,200 individuals in USA and Canada have qualifiedfor membership.12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe establishment in 1934 of a graduate program in hospital administration at the University of Chicago.Founded by a group of U. S. andCanadian hospital leaders, the ACHAhad as one of its express purposes toraise standards of hospital administration by promoting and expandingeducational opportunities for trainingin the field. Its leaders realized thatmen and women assumed responsibility for hospitals under a varietyof circumstances, with little or noprevious preparation for the job. Toassist them, ACHA began to holdinstitutes, at first in Chicago and subsequently in other parts of thecountry.** These refresher courses ofone or two weeks duration offer opportunity for study, discussion andfield trips to hospitals in the areawhere the institutes are held. The institute program then was supplemented by a series of special educational conferences and seminars.All these programs are held at university centers, with university facultymembers, industrial leaders, authorities in the fields of management andeducation and outstanding hospitaladministrators participating as guestlecturers and discussion leaders. Thatthe institutes supply a need is reflected in the attendance of over ten*The Chicago Institute for Hospital Administrators has been held annually on thecampus of the University of Chicago for thepast 25 years. thousand five hundred reached by theend of 1956; additional hundreds ofother hospital administrators attended the 1957 programs. Last February, on the occasion of its 25thanniversary, ACHA inaugurated theFirst Congress on Administration thussupplementing its current programs.Twenty -five seminars and four general assemblies were held during thetwo-and-a-half-day meeting with approximately 1,000 in attendance.Until organized courses of studywere initiated, apprenticeship — as inother professions, including medicine— was the only method used for training hospital administrators; but as inother professions, the apprentice method had its limitations. Attention wasdirected toward development ofspecial courses of study, and a number of universities began to offer avariety of courses. For example, in1926, Marquette University developeda College of Hospital Administration,offering courses of study at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Shortcourses of two weeks duration alsowere offered. The Marquette program was discontinued in 1928, however. Prevalent opinion in the fieldat that time was that demand waslacking.Undaunted by the past, the University of Chicago in 1934 inaugurateda graduate program in hospital administration with financial assistance from the Rosenwald Fund. Now in its24th year, the course is open to alimited number of students. Currentpolicy is to admit twelve studentsannually. The program consists ofone year of intensive study not onlyof hospital administration but, depending on their background, studentsdelve into such subjects as businessand economics, personnel administration, accounting and business law, aswell as pertinent courses in the biological and social sciences. This isfollowed by a year of hospital administrative residency under theguidance of outstanding hospital administrators. Under the able leadership of first Michael M. Davis, thenDr. Arthur C. Bachmeyer (1935-1950)and since 1950, Ray E. Brown, theprogram has not only demonstratedthe validity of graduate training inhospital administration but as a result of its achievement, the coursehas served as a stimulus to other universities to develop programs.In 1943 a course was started atNorthwestern University and in theyears following at Columbia, Minnesota, Washington (St. Louis), Toronto,Yale, California (Berkeley), St. Louis,Johns Hopkins, Iowa and Pittsburghuniversities. This is by no meanscompletes the picture for additionally,courses are now being offered byBaylor, Virginia, Michigan, Cornell,Continued on Page 27MAY, 1958 13Class of '61StudentPhoto by Robert MaloneRepresentative oj the highquality of leadership in theClass of '01 is 11" it Horn Spadyof Milwaukie. Ore. A Psi I p-silon pledge, active in footballand intromit rat spttrts. Bill ispreside tit of Burton-JudsonCouncil and Mathews House. B> CHARLES D. (VCONNELLDirector of AdmissionsAssistant Dean of StudentsOn September 29 of last year, theClass of '61 was still a file ofrather interesting undergraduate applications in the Office of Admissions.A fewT days later, busy with Orientation Week activities, the new studentsalready began to develop a sense ofidentification with the University ofChicago. In succeeding months, theinterest and activities of these 472freshmen have continued to expandin the Chicago tradition. ProfileThe ultimate direction in whichthey develop is difficult to predict atthis date with any degree of accuracy. From readily at hand statisticalinformation on the background of theclass, however, a profile can be drawn,as a starting point and basis for comparison three and a half years hence.The 303 men and 169 women of theClass of '61 come from 39 states, theDistrict of Columbia, and seven foreign countries, with Chicago and environs accounting for the largestTwenty-eight percent of the men of the Classof f61 pledged fraternities and an equal percentage of women joined women s clubs. Amongthis year9s Phi Gamma Delta fraternity pledgesare Robert Benson and William Rose. Enjoyinga game of bridge with them at Fiji House areAnn James and Margaret Brown. Bob, electedto the National Honor Society while in highschool, is here on a Detroit U of C AlumniScholarship. Bill, son of William B. Rose, 937,and last year student body president of St.Albans (WW a.) High School, this year became Photo by David Coifeypresident of Coulter House. Ann and Margeare members of the Esoteric Club. Ann, who waselected to the National Honor Society while atHyde Park High, is the daughter of H. ThomasJames, Assistant Professor, Department of Education. Marge, a second year student on campus,and an early entrant from the U of C Laboratory School, is the daughter of Ray Brown, Superintendent of the University Clinics and Professor and Director of Hospital Administrationatid of the Hospital Administration Program ofSchool of Business.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE*Zone I-II- -Chicago.-Suburbs:111., Ind.Ill— 111., Ind.,Ohio, Mich.,Wis.IV— la., Kans.,Minn., Mo.,Neb., N. D.,S. D.V — Conn., Me.,Mass.,N.H.,Vt., R. I.VI— Dist. of Columbia, Del.,Md.,N. J.,N. Y. (upstate). NewYork City,Penna.,W. Va.VII— Ala., Fla.,Ga., Ky.,Miss.,N. C.,S. C., Tenn..Va.VIII— Ariz., Ark.,La., Okla.,Tex., N. M.IX— Calif., Colo.,Idaho, Mont.,Nev., Ore.,Wash., Utah,Wyo.X — Foreign. Zone GEOGRAPHIC PROFILE1IIIIIIVVVIVIIVIM ¦IXX ISCHOLASTIC AVERAGE IN HIGH SCHOOLABC orbelowREASON FOR COMING TO CHICAGOAcademic excellenceScholarship ¦LocationEarly entrance ¦Alumni recommendation iFriend's recommendation IOther 1single group, 38.8 percent of the class.The three most heavily representedstates after Illinois are New York,Ohio, and California. Other statesfrom which the University drew ten or more freshmen this year werePennsylvania, New Jersey, Indiana,Massachusetts, Michigan, Wisconsin,and Iowa. Of the southern states,Florida's seven represented the larg est delegation; from the northwest,Washington sent the same number.Academically, the Class of '61 represents one of the most distinguishedcollege freshman classes in the country. On the entrance test used by theUniversity, the Scholastic AptitudeTest of the College Entrance Examination Board, 50 percent of the verbal scores and 50 percent of themathematical scores were above 609and 573, respectively; this on a scaleranging from 200 to 800. Standardmedian on each section of the test is500. Chicago medians are among thehighest in the country.Of the 472 freshmen, 125 held memberships in the National Honor Society; 15 were high school class valedictorians; 11 were winners ofNational Merit scholarships and 43 ofNational Merit certificates. Additionally, they toted 385 medals, fordistinction cf one kind or another, offhigh school graduation stages.It would be a grave mistake to assume that Chicago freshmen are distinguished only for their academicinterests. Their activities profileshows a wide degree of participationand leadership in high school extracurricular organizations. Their interest in the University's extracur-riculum is already apparent. Duringtheir high school careers, 321 members of the Class of '61 participatedin athletics. While under current procedures it is not always possible todifferentiate among varsity, juniorvarsity, and intramural competition,it is clear that 23 of the men captainedvarsity teams and that there was agood deal of varsity competition.Twenty- eight percent of the menpledged fraternities during the WinterQuarter rush, and 28 percent of thewomen joined the women's clubs.Following a well-established Chicago trend — one now more popularnationally since sputnik — physics wasthe academic field in which most entering students (76) indicated theywill eventually major. Medicine wasa close second with 67. In all, 160freshmen indicated physical sciencemajors; 81, biological science; 67,social science, and 63, humanities.Many of these students will changetheir plans in the next three years.Some will find themselves unsuitedfor the field they now find most appealing; others — and this is one ofthe chief virtues of a truly liberaleducation — will discover areas whollynew to them to be more interestingthan their current choices. Thus thisprofile will undergo some changes.Student Profile continued-MAY, 1958 15EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN HIGH SCHOOLStudent governmentClass officerSchool paperOther publicationsHonor societiesAthleticsService clubsDramaticsDebatingMusical groupsReligious groups MemberOfficer The it>ng and the shortof it. Foreign studentsrepresent the smallestsingle group on campus; those from Chicago and suburbs* thelargest. Petite MariaLaCosta comes fromP iter to R i c o ; tal 1,stately Ruth Prelaw-ski, from Chicago,Both attended Convent of the SacredHeart School. Ruth* afloor vice president inth<> new women's dormitory and a memberof the Calvert Club*is continuing her interest in swimming atI h e U n i v e r s i t y a n dworks part-time in thelibrary. Her mother isnow taking her AM inthe Graduate LibrarySchool. Maria, a member of the Mortar-b o a r d* r e i g n e d a squeen at this year'sin ter-fraternity bull*Of 68 students who received athletic awardsfor winter quarter sports. 30 were freshmen.Freshman Ted Romoser (right), a Psi I p-silon pledge and a star at Oak Park HighSchool last year* helped the Maroons thisyear to establish their best varsity basketball record since 1°2L Athletic DirectorWalter Hass" football class, too, showed aheavy representation of freshmen tvha hadplayed in varsity competition in high school.Photo by David CoffeyPhoto by David CoffeyPhysics and medicine lead as the academicfield in which most entering students statedthey plan ti* major. At the moment* jazzhas the concerted attention of Larry A mot.Charles Stackhouse, and Paschal (Pat/Blaise* Larry, who hails from Van Bur enHigh. Holliswoods* L.L, /V.Y., and Pat, fromWestchester, Penna., are preparing to takepre-med. Charles* a Porter Fellow, came toChicago from Kansas City, Mo.* to pursuehis interest in meteorology. '¦•'?v-V;..- '% "if-V'/iV ¦¦¦'¦"¦¦••!."•? 3 f-; \-; .'*\* *3\f ¦. -» '^r ¦'¦?*: a-V^-16^m::IELD OF INTEREST "lv.\-^:j.'t?:Photo by David CoffeyDormitory is home for two-thirds of the first-year studentswhile on campus* An annual event sponsored by the Burton-Judson group of mens residence halls is the WUCB marathon. John Donnelly, Pontiac* Mich., who hopes to enterjournalism* works over a script while Charles Nelson, JohnHartigan and Thomas Loehr huddle around the "mike"Nelson* public relations officer for the student-operatedcampus radio station, brought "mike" experience from MenloSchool* Berkeley* Calif*, where he ivas sports manager andannouncer. Hartigan* a Chicagoan, returned to the campusmid-year* after a stretch of military service. Loehr, an AlphaDelta Phi pledge, comes from Ann Arbor* Mich.W i n s ton S alser, Wich i ta,Kans*, whose father took hisAM at Chicago, gets ac-q u a in ted with ultra-violetmicrobeam equipment in thelaboratory of Raymond E.Zirkle, head of the Committee on Biophysics. Vicepresident of his high schoolscience and German clubs,Winston s advanced workwhile at East High won hima job as lab assistant to Professor Zirkle at Chicago.Photo by Robert Malone Why Chicago? By far the most frequently stated reason for coming toChicago was the University's academicexcellence. Many of the Class of '61cited alumni who had overtly by example influenced them to select Chicago (75, or 16 percent, of the classare alumni "legacies," or have alumniin their immediate family). Somemembers of the class came becauseof highly specialized knowledge theyalready had acquired in an area inwhich Chicago excels. In this category is Winston Salser of Wichita,Kans., whose advanced work whilein high school on the effects of x-rayson plant mutations enabled him toobtain a part-time job as laboratoryassistant to Raymond E. Zirkle, Professor of Radiobiology and Chairmanof the Committee on Biophysics.In seeking part-time work duringthe school year, Winston was joinedby 116 of his classmates. Many more,320 in all, plan to work this summerin order to return to the quadranglesnext fall. When they return, theClass of '61 will be joined by whatwe in the Office of Admissions deeman equally distinguished group ofyoung men and women from all overAmerica: the Class of '62. Their applications now jam our files. Theyrepresent another potentially greatcontribution to Chicago's tradition.17The Wisdom of Teddy LinnBy J. D. THOMAS, '29, AM '30, Associate Professor of English, The Rice InstituteM. MUST have arrived late for my first class, or perhapsa question had been raised by another student beforethe bell, for as I fumbled my way into a seat near theback of the Cobb Hall lecture room I heard a voice fromthe front shouting in protest: "I'm not a dean! I was onefor years, but I don't have to handle those damned problems any more. Take up your schedule problems with adean."I looked with astonishment toward the squat speakersitting on a raised platform in the front well of the amphitheater, his body thrust forward across a table, his armsstretched crosswise with the fists balled. Such outpouringof scorn for the deanly function, coming from the professor's end of a classroom, amazed me. While I had nogreat personal love for the race of university deans, Ihad supposed that they were sacrosanct to their professional colleagues.Memory suddenly swept over me of Theodore Roosevelt as I had seen him seen him in newsreels, poundinga desk with his fists and spitting out silently emphaticwords. Here, I reflected, was a clue to the lecturer's nickname, "Teddy." Later, although his physical resemblanceto the former president remained striking in certain characteristic attitudes, I was struck even more by a certainshapelessness of carriage and guilelessness of countenancethat reminded me of another kind of teddy. Since theteddy bear had taken its name from Teddy Roosevelt inthe first place, perhaps the provenance of James WeberLinn's campus name was ambiguous from the start. Atany rate, apparently the mystery was never solved, foras late as 1936 his publishers printed in the dust-jacketblurb of his novel This Was Life: "He has had more thanfifteen thousand undergraduates in his various courses.For no known reason at least fourteen thousand of themcall him 'Teddy' Linn."He was a great teacher, a very great teacher. I oftenwonder how many of those thousands of ex -students ofhis still feel, as I do after nearly thirty years, that he wastheir greatest inspiration toward the love — as distinguished from the study — of literature. From the first wise,graceful sentence that dropped into my notebook fromhis deceptively snarling lips ("Poetry is the medium forthe expression of thoughts charged with emotion"), Iknew myself to be in the presence of a man who usedbooks with affectionate understanding. And how he couldread aloud! He was not especially endowed with a goldenor silver voice, and his hunched posture denied all thelaws of elocution, but he made "My Last Duchess5' or"Jenny" or a purple prose from Carlyle or Ruskin comealive and yield up its meaning and its feeling in a waythat is seldom heard from a college rostrum. His readingof "Cynara" was entirely unforgettable to anyone whocaught his subtle suggestion of the special dramatic situation. B Y his own confession, Teddy Linn was a showman,but he was the complete antithesis of a charlatan. Isat to him for three quarters of 19th century English literature; and blissfully unaware — until I recently read hisWinds over the Campus — that "he couldn't help feelingannoyed when undergraduates took notes in his coursesin English literature, because he was always afraid theywould remember what his opinions had been, and notform opinions of their own," I brought the habit of takingrapid and accurate notes of class lectures, which I latertranscribed and corrected. Of all my many sets of coursenotes, his were among those requiring least amendmentfrom reference works. Even when speaking of details,upon which the average college lecturer is vague or unreliable, such as the proportion of the Tracts for theTimes composed by Newman or the total number of ForsClavigera letters, he was nearly always explicit and accurate. His literary judgments were original and stimulating, never either saccharine or poisonous. He did, it istrue, harbor minor heresies — for instance, the notion thatthe style of Walter Pater was not "mannered" — and somedownright prejudices. He would never admit that RobertLouis Stevenson really had anything to say; the following is a close paraphrase, or virtual quotation, of some ofhis remarks on that question:Carlyle, Pater, Newman, and Huxley had a systematic approach to life. There is a clue you cantrace all the way through each of them: theyhave a goal; they have a thread of discourse; inshort, they have a philosophy of life — a considered attitude. But Stevenson has no such formalattitude or philosophy. As a man, he had a superbly gallant attitude, but it was not a formalsystem in any sense. The others say: "This I believe in"; Stevenson has no beliefs to propoundat all. The philosophy of "Pulvis et Umbra" isspurious. Intellectually, philosophically, Stevenson lived a hand-to-mouth, not even a rule-of-thumb, existence.That may have been a warped statement, but it washonest and brilliant lecturing — very different stuff fromthe customary academic pabulum of biography, dates ofpublication, and sources. It gave an eager young listenerfuriously to think.o,'N all subjects he was thoughtful, and he shed manybrilliant gleams upon the heart of literary mysteries.The poet (he said) is concerned with himselfprimarily, and only tolerates the universal; theprose writer must recognize and learn all hecan of the universe. Extreme subjectivity liftedthe poetry of the Romantic age to great heightsbut detracted from its prose. The Victorianssought to interpret general happenings, with the18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEresult that prose gained great power and beautybut poetry suffered.Of Coleridge he remarked: "His Pantisocratic idea is ofinterest only as exhibiting the peculiarly 'poetic' im-practicality of the man. He lived his life in a world ofabstraction, which he was able to reduce to a sort ofimpossible reality in his poems." He called William Morris "a second-rate great poet," described his long narrative poems as "Morris movies," and observed:Morris' poetry has an immaturity about it thatis not common among the Victorians. Much ofhis verse has a charm, but it is almost a childlikecharm. It is as if a precocious child might havewritten it."Brownings grotesqueness," he held, "is a blemish — notbecause it is ugly (perhaps it is; perhaps not), but because it is distracting." On the other hand, he defendedthe abstractions of Shelley's poetry:They live — that is the difference between themand the personified abstractions of the 18th century. They are as vague, yet as definite, as mist.Of Tennyson's work after the 1840's he said:Gradually he regained his mental balance andforgot his critics. Gradually he ceased to be soterribly concerned with the problem of life;and he adapted his poetry to avoid this problem.Thus, in part at least, he wrote the sort of poetry he did because he could not bear to go downinto the maelstrom of speculation again.De Quincey, he pointed out, converted even literary criticism to "dream-stuff."It is not merely emotional criticism — it is beyondeven impressionistic criticism; it is fantasticallypsychological.Swinburne, he thought, "never meant any harm" —In fact, later in life he turned from sensualityto intellectual delights as the source of excitement. But he had no philosophy to live and dieby like Tennyson's or Arnold's. From Swinburnewe can get only something to dream by, perhapsto stimulate us to a philosophy of our own tolive and die by.Evidently, Teddy Linn had a ready tongue and a giftfor epigram. To find the "vicious" element in Don Juan,he observed, "is hard for us today even with the aid ofa moral microscope." Commenting with unusual acidityon the enormous literary output of Robert Southey, heremarked:He stands almost with Scott as an influence inhis own day, but his verse does not appeal verymuch even to boys and soldiers. He lacked onlyone thing — genius. Actually, the best thing heever wrote was "The Three Bears"!He suspected that Hazlitt was "too loud-mouthed in nothings" to stand with Lamb. Kipling, he said, "was not deepor difficult — and not being deep, he was therefore shallow." To Oscar Wilde, on the contrary, he made a pleasant concession: "Wilde wore his clothes honestly." Mac-aulay he called "a popularizer of knowledge — a sort ofundergraduate university education."His real specialty was the analysis of literary style, forwhich he had an unerring flair. Obviously suspicious ofCardinal Newman's intellectual position ("The Apologiareveals the type of mind that bases itself almost entirely on feeling, but which rears above this feeling the mostsolid superstructure of logic"), he still recognized thatthe style of Newman was "just right for imitation — having imagery, but not too wild; feeling, but not too much."It is proportioned properly, never ornamentalfor ornament's own sake. His epigrams arecompact all-truths instead of compact half-truths.There is no veil between the reader and thethought.He held that "De Quincey 's famous style is rhetoricalrather than personal: it gives the effect of being constructed rather than having resulted." The prose of Walter Pater "has a marble-like quality which takes bothform and color, with a sort of severity or sadness." Rus-kin has a "power of rolling rhetoric that exceeds anything since Milton. His sentences have an avalanchinecharacter; you feel the sentence moving, moving, veryslowly— until it comes to an edge where it finally plungesover in a tumult of power."Three years before his death, Teddy Linn drew hisself-portrait, young and old, as the protagonist JeromeGrant of two novels, This Was Life and Winds over theCampus. In the latter he describes the opening class ofa winter session that could almost have been the memorable one of January, 1929, when I heard him emphatically decline to be a dean.At nine o'clock this quarter he was lecturing fourtimes a week to a hundred undergraduates . . .on "Aspects of 19th century English Literature."He lectured in a small oblong amphitheater onthe first floor of Robb | sic | Hall — the oldest amphitheater on the quadrangles . . . Ten thousandyoung men and women had sat in those risingtiers of seats for three months at a time over theyears, and taken notes on Jerry Grant's opinionsabout English literature. It was a horrifying realization . . . While he talked a million dreams hadbeen dreamed there, and a million ambitions hadtaken form. But had he ever taught anybodyanything? No. Had anybody ever learned anything while he was talking? That was a differentmatter.Had anybody ever learned anything while he was talking? Yes, yes! Bliss was it in those days to be in Cobb,and to hear Linn was very heaven. He was a greatteacher, a very great teacher.J, D. ThomasMAY, 1958 19_T orty-four workshops, conferences and special programs are scheduled for the summer quarter, withemphasis on programs for teachers and prospective teachers. Elementary and secondary school teachers who havecompleted no more than 18 courses beyond the bachelor'sdegree will be able to study at half-tuition, under aprogram initiated to help meet the teacher shortage.Workshops being offered include: Writing Music, June23- August 29; Therapeutic Approach in Working withIndividuals and Groups, June 23 -July 4; Anthropologyand Business, June 30 -July 12; two on the Roschach Test,July 7-12 and July 14-18; one in Elementary Education,July 7-25.Secondary Education, July 7-25; Education of theGifted, July 7-25; Reading, July 7- August 1; LibraryMaterials for Use With Children, July 23-25; LanguageArts, August 4-22; and Methods of Family Research,August 11-22.The School of Social Service Administration is offering 19 two-week workshops in two series, one from July 7to 18, and one from August 4 to 15.Special programs of the summer quarter include anintensive course in elementary Russian, covering thework of two quarters in one, and a special program inmathematics with Y. Akizuki of Kyoto University.The Federated Theological Faculty is sponsoring sixseminars.Annual conferences to be held include those on reading, guidance and personnel, and that of the GraduateLibrary School.An Institute for High School Mathematics Teachers isbeing sponsored by the National Science Foundation, inwhich about 45 teachers will participate. The instituteis designed both to increase their power with modernmathematics, and, through the use of demonstrations, toincrease their ability to deal with educational problemsin their school. All costs are provided for those selected.The institute also will train 30 teachers during the nextfull academic year.From July 14 through August 1, an adult educationworkshop for directors and staff members of evening colleges and university extension divisions will be held.The workshop will be directed by Professor Cyril O.Houle of the Education Department. Lecturers and staffmembers will be selected from among the nation's topadult educators.Kraeling in Middle EastCarl H. Kraeling, Director of the Oriental Institute, isin the Middle East on a five-month inspection tour, visiting the Institute's field expeditions. Institute groups areworking in Iraq and in Egypt, and at Tolmeita, Libya.Studies Fallout EffectsDr. Finn Devik, a Norwegian pathologist, is studyingthe effects of radiation on living tissue at Argonne Laboratory, under a fellowship from the World HealthOrganization. A member of the Norwegian government'sInstitute of Radiation Hygiene, Devik has spent the lastnine years doing research on the pathologic effects ofradiation, the last six of these under a fellowship fromthe Norwegian Cancer Association.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPhotographs by Ina Walker0}-,¦*&¦"'>¦Arthur F. Burns and U of C Trustee John Nuveen.Burns, Economics Professor at Columbia and president,National Bureau of Economic Research, presented thefirst Executive Program Lecture.Recent AppointmentsHorace R. Byers, Professor and Chairman of Meteorology, has been appointed to the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics' subcommittee on meteorologicalproblems. Members of the subcommittee advise the committee on aviation research and technical problems andprograms.Joseph J. Gallagher, for the past several years chiefaccountant at Argonne National Laboratory, has beenappointed assistant comptroller of the University. Heis responsible for hospitals and clinics accounting, payrolls and accounts payable, and tabulating and methodsprogramming.Leonard J. Koch has been promoted from Associate toDeputy Director of the Reactor Engineering Division ofArgonne National Laboratory. This division is chargedwith design and development of new and advanced typesof nuclear reactors.Frank E. Myers, Dean of the Graduate School and headof the Department of Physics at Lehigh University, hasbeen appointed to the new post of Associate LaboratoryDirector of Argonne National Laboratory, He assumesthe position on a two-year leave of absence from Lehigh.His primary duties will be to guide the educational program of the laboratory and to develop a scheme of cooperation with middlewest colleges and universities foruse of the laboratory's resources. Business specialists joined faculty members at the sixthannual management conference of the School of Businessand the Executive Program Club to consider and evaluatechanging patterns and trends and, their effect onbusiness decisions, current and future.Participating in a panel on business decisions andgovernment policy are Associate Dean and Professor JamesLorie, PhD 47, School of Business; Charles Percy, '41 ,president, Bell & Howell Co.; John Sevcik, MBA 47, president, Burton-Dixie Corp.; Robert Murphy, MBA '47, vicepresident-general counsel, Borg-Warner Corp.; Yale Brozen,'39, PhD 42, Professor of Business Economics; RemickMcDowell, MBA '54, executive vice president, The PeoplesGas Light and Coke Company; and Professor FriederichHayek, Committee on Social Thought.Wages as a ProductEmployers should align wage and fringe benefits toemployee preferences as carefully as they align productsto consumer preferences, said George P. Schultz, Professor in the School of Business. Schultz, in a panel discussion at the sixth annual management conference of theSchool of Business and the Executive Program Club,likened terms and conditions of employment to a productline, with rates of pay, working conditions, vacation andpension provisions the dimensions."Firms will do best in the labor market if they sliceup the total wage bill in a way that best meets the preference of the people in the labor supply they draw on,"he said.He pointed out that business decisions made today mayhave an important bearing on a firm's labor market position in the years ahead, and cautioned against too rigida structure of benefits lest it handicap employers inattracting young workers. Schultz predicted a "sharp"reversal before long in the current "aging" characterof the labor force, and said decentralization and technological change, increasing a firm's need for technicaland professional people, also can mean somewhat different preferences of the new labor supply.He suggested two ways to achieve this flexibility inlabor policy: first, by placing a greater proportion ofthe total wage bill in the pay envelope rather than elsewhere; second (and, he conceded, more difficult for business men to swallow | to offer "a somewhat differentpackage to obviously different groups, so there is a widerrange of choice about working time.Continued on next pageMAY, 1958 21"For example, long and costly commuting suggests that shorter workdays make little sense. If full-timeworkers do want more leisure theywill want it in lumps, such as holidays, long summer weekends, or extended vacations," he contended.With the rise in importance of research in industry, he also questionedthe wisdom of adapting traditionalorganization forms to suit the preferences of people who may prefer towork variable and unusual hours.For many of them, flexibility of workroutine is almost a necessary condition for effective performance, hesaid."Levels of premium pay might alsobe thought of in this manner. If everyone wants to work on Sunday atdouble-time, that suggests the premium is too high. On the other hand,if people must be forced by low seniority to work on second or thirdshifts, with consequent difficulties forthe firm in recruiting new workers,that suggest the premium is too low."Recession Punctures Baby BoomCollapse of the "baby boom," experienced since the end of World WarII, is a possibility by summer or fallof this year, in the opinion of PhilipM. Hauser. Hauser, Chairman of theDepartment of Sociology and Director of the Population Research andTraining Center, based his predictionon the decline in the marriage rate,which for 1957 was the lowest recorded in the United States since1933. The 1957 rate was 8.9 marriagesper 1,000 persons versus 8.7 in 1933."This decline in the marriage rateis almost certain to be followed by abreak in the birth rate, which maybecome evident by the summer andmore likely by the fall of this year."A former acting director of the U. S.Bureau of the Census, he stated paststudies have demonstrated that boththe marriage rate and the birth ratedrop during a business slump. Neitherrate was seriously affected during theeconomic declines in 1949 and 1954,and the present drop in marriage rateis an indication that the present recession is more severe than the twoother post- World War II adjustments.However, the economic outlookover the next two decades is good,Hauser said, because the large increases in population, which CensusBureau projections indicate, will require continued expansion of facilities for the production of goods and services.Action to Improve SchoolsThirteen public school systems infour states have agreed to cooperatewith the University in a broad program of school improvement. Members of the Department of Education,a special field staff and Universityfaculty members from the English,geography, history, mathematics andscience departments are participatingin the program, which includes basicresearch in teaching and learning,teacher training and administrativereorganization.Among ideas being tried in thecooperating school for increasingteaching effectiveness are year-roundemployment of teachers, intensivestudent study programs which coverthe work of three semesters in two,use of part-time assistant teachers andclerks for routine chores and recordkeeping, and use of large groups ofstudents for certain instruction activities, breaking them into smallergroups for other kinds of study. Bothhigh schools and elementary schoolsare included in the program.277th ConvocationSome 175 Bachelor's and advanceddegrees were conferred by Chancellor Lawrence A. Kimpton at the 277thconvocation of the University at theend of the winter quarter. J. RoscoeMiller, president of NorthwesternUniversity, gave the convocation address. Miller stressed the importanceof a balanced, liberal system of education, warning that "a disproportionate emphasis by the public or thegovernment on any one area of education in the name of national security can result only in the weakeningof the total educational structure."Bartky DiesWalter Bartky, '23, PhD '26, VicePresident of the University in chargeof special scientific programs, diedMarch 19 in Billings Hospital. Anapplied mathematician, he had beenon the faculty since 1926, holding appointments in astronomy, statistics,and mathematics, and serving asDean of Students in the PhysicalSciences and Dean of the Division,before his appointment as vice-president in 1955. He recently was activein the planning and development ofthe University's new Computer Center. Math Experts Rip into TeachersA barrage of criticism was levelledat teachers and teachers' colleges by32 of the nation's leading mathematicians attending a two -day mathematics conference at the University,sponsored by the National ScienceFoundation.Most primary and secondary schoolspay too much attention to mediocrepupils at the expense of talented students, the experts charged, and asserted that teachers colleges exercisean "appalling" degree of control overAmerica's educational system.Said A. Adrian Albert, Professor ofMathematics at the University andchairman of the conference: "Mostteachers in these schools have hadsubstantial training in teaching methods, but almost no training in themathematics they are supposed toteach."To correct the situation, conferencemembers in a resolution called ineffect for transfer of control overmathematics instruction in elementaryand high schools from teachers colleges to scholars in the field of mathematics.Albert has been named Chairmanof the Department of Mathematics,effective July 1. He succeeds Professor Saunders MacLane, who hasserved in that office two terms.An authority on modern higheralgebra, Albert has been on the faculty of the University of Chicagosince 1931. He is chairman of themathematics section of the NationalAcademy of Sciences and will be adelegate of both the Academy andthe American Mathematical Societyto the quadrennial International Congress of Mathematicians in Edinburgh,Scotland, in August. He also is amember of the Steering Group of theAssistant Secretary of Defense's General Science Panel.U. S.-Soviet Student ExchangeThe United States and the SovietUnion have recently concluded an exchange agreement under which 20graduate students from this countrywill study at the Universities of Moscow and Leningrad next fall and anequal number of Soviet students willstudy here. The University of Chicagois one of the participating Americanuniversities.The inter -university committee ontravel grants with headquarters inNew York will run the exchange.22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEFallout Damage to HumansThe genetic effects of today'sslightly increased level of radioactivity, as compared to the pre -atomicage level, do not themselves warrantthe cessation of either nuclear bombtests or the further development ofatomic energy, according to Herluf H.Strandskov, Professor of Zoology.Strandskov, an authority on humangenetics, said in a talk to the ZoologyClub that the radioactivity to whichman is now exposed is undoubtedlyproducing some gene mutations, butnot at a rate that can be called alarming.He agreed that man's germ plasmis his most important collective possession, since it is the sole means ofperpetuating the species, and thatmankind should be concerned if it isin jeopardy. In this germ plasm are10,000 or more pairs of genes, whichcontribute to the individual's development and qualities. The distribution and frequency of these genes ina population are that population's genetic composition.While most of these genes arepassed on for generations withoutvariance, some are changed spontaneously. Less than one per cent ofsuch mutations produce new qualities that are better from a point ofview of survival of the species. Mostestimates agree generally to the rateof one mutation per 100,000 occurrences of the same gene in a generation. One cause of mutations is believed to be background radiation, ofwhich each individual receives an estimated total of five roentgens (measure of radiation) during his lifetime.Atomic fall-out sifting to the groundhas so far added about one-tenth ofa roentgen to this dose since the firstatomic explosion.Another possible source of radiation is from x-rays, which may addthree roentgens to the lifetime dose.This undoubtedly does add some mutations, but not enough to warrantanyone's refraining from receivingx-ray treatment or having x-rayplates made if such are prescribed byauthorized radiologists, Strandskovsaid."It has been estimated that an increase from 30 to 150 roentgens isnecessary to double man's "natural"mutation rate. Hence, for the population as a whole, its exposure to radiation does not yet appear to havereached an alarming point. "It must be recognized that everyincrease in radiation increases mutation — there is no threshold of radiation below which no mutations occur.All precautions should be takenagainst exposing anyone unduly, fora step-up in exposure could becomeserious in a short time," he stated.Is Cloud Seeding Effective?In a joint report, meteorologists ofthe Universities of Chicago andArizona laid claim to the first scientific method of evaluating rainfallfrom artificially seeded summerclouds. Louis J. Battan, Research Associate in Chicago's Cloud PhysicsLaboratory, and A. Richard Kas-sander, Jr., Director of Arizona's Institute of Atmospheric Physics,co-authors of the report, said theirmethod is superior to previous effortsbecause of its firm statistical basis,the heart of which is random selection.In experiments in Arizona last Julyand August, they studied groups ofvarious sized clouds, rather than, asin other efforts, only large, puffyclouds most likely to produce rain.Some cloud groups were seeded andothers were not, as determined by aschedule of pairs of days prepared byWilliam H. Kruskal and K. AlexanderBrownlee, Associate Professors ofStatistics at Chicago.The schedule, placed in sealed envelopes, contained random combinations of dual instructions, such as"seed today, do not seed tomorrow,""do not seed today, seed tomorrow,"etc. The meteorologists selected thedays without prior knowledge ofwhich would be seeded. In all, 16 pairsof days were accomplished. Raingauges placed five miles apart overthe 600-square-mile test area yieldeda mean 14 per cent more rainfall onseeded days than on non-seeded days.These data suggest that seeding produced slightly more rain than wouldhave fallen naturally, but they are fartoo preliminary to provide any conclusions, the scientists said. It will takeat least another summer's test to tellwhether silver iodide seeding canpositively increase rainfall.Special Course Draws Top WritersThree distinguished contemporarywriters will share teaching the annualspring quarter course, "Writing ofFiction, Poetry and Plays," at theUniversity. They are Robert Mailer,author of The Naked and the Dead,Barbary Shore and The Deer Park; Lillian Hellman, playwright, bestknown for her plays, "The LittleFoxes" and "The Children's Hour;"and Robert Lowell, member of one ofAmericas most famous families, whoseLord Weary's Castle won him thePulitzer Prize for poetry in 1947.The course, which is on the graduate level, is under the general direction of Richard G. Stern, AssistantProfessor of English, and is intendedto provide a different approach thanthe usual academic classes in writing.Science TV Program a HitOver fifteen thousand requests forprogram schedules, plus congratulatory letters from Richard Nixon,Sherman Adams, James Killian,Mayor Daley, and an average fourhundred a day from viewers, haveflowed into Station WBKB in responseto "Science 58." Broadcast Mondaythrough Friday from 7:00 to 7:30 inthe morning, the program is an educational television series consisting oflectures and discussions by top U ofC scientists. Forty-four will have participated before the series ends.Designed, in Chancellor Kimpton'swords, to give "a general backgroundof understanding and perspective" of20th century scientific knowledge, theprogram focuses each week on a singletopic, such as "Energy," "The Weather," "Outer Space," etc. One or twoprofessors takes up some one aspectof the subject each day. On Fridays,Julian Goldsmith, Associate Professorof Geochemistry and moderator ofthe series, gives a summation of theweek's lectures."Science 58" is being produced byMiss Lee Wilcox of the University'sradio and TV office, and CorneliusO'Dea of WBKB.Coulter DiesMerle C. Coulter, PhD '19, internationally famous biologist and Associate Dean of the Division of Biological Sciences since 1948, died recently.Appointed a professor in 1931, Coulterwas the author of several books, including The Story of the Plant Kingdom, a standard reference work onplant genetics. In 1945, he taught atthe Army's University Study Center,at Shrivenham, England. He alsoserved on the Committee of Ten ofthe Association of American MedicalColleges, which conducted a three-year survey of pre-professional training of medical students in the UnitedStates.MAY, 1958 23CLOUD HUNT continued from Page 10ing, staggering and other zigzag motions I at last returned below and aftto camera station, 1 found that thesun had disappeared for good beneaththe typhoon's characteristic spreading sheet of altostratus. Closing inaround us were darkening murk andrain. My colleague had secured theBolex. Our job for now was done;we had caught the cloud breedingground in action, to others we wouldleave pursuit of its finished product,the mature storm ahead. As land wassighted, distant lightning lit the purple-black western sky. A large islandwith cliffs and a flat plateau on top,like a sawed-off table, Guam hadroads, towns, billboards and othersigns of civilization. In the eerie typhoon light, the green of its lushvegetation glowed bright and sinisteragainst the background of red soil,black sea, and white surf fringe,foaming high in the many sharp indentations and coves. A perfect setting for a Sadie Thompson, a "Heartof Darkness," a painting by WinslowHomer— oi' aU.S. Navy Base. Thesevary little the world over, and lookequally normal and monotonous inArabian sandstorm, Newfoundlandice fog 01* Pacific typhoon. N,I aval Station Agana was no exception. Quonset huts, engine stands,signs saying "Off Limits," "PX," "Operations/'' Assorted people swirlingaround in the MATS terminal. Babiescrying. Five copies of travel orderseventually brought out a jeep tocarry our cameras and luggage; another five assured us lodging in theBOQ; five more probably would haveproduced the admiral himself or atroupe of dancing girls, but by thistime we were running low.As we dragged ourselves, exhausted, toward quarters in the oppressive, threatening tropical heat, itbegan to sprinkle again, and thunderrumbled in the distance. On the BOQsteps, a familiar figure flashed past,outward bound. It was Major Pietrucha, wearing a loud shirt. He carrieda bag full of golf clubs. The roar offour Globemaster engines overheadtold us that Captain Rodgers had thistime made good his "fireball," alreadyticking off the miles to Bangkok witheach revolution of the propellers.Later we hitched rides on otherGlobemasters, and in three completecircuits around the endless Pacific,were helped by other crews, met withother adventures, and exposed suc cessfully over eight thousand feet offilm. But ironically enough, the onlytime we caught the tropical cloudbreeding ground with its brakes offwas on these four hours out of Wake— a flight which but for a mechanicalmishap, would not have happened.Although months of analysis remain, already our laboriously growing cloud maps for that day show? asuggestive arrangement of the cumulonimbus towers. In breeding stomaregions, the huge monsters indeedline up in rows — rows, moreover,parallel to the low-level wind.From this discovery we are building a bridge to the spiral rainbandsof hurricanes, which consist of similarthunderheads. Apparently they toomust line up with the low level windsfeeding moist air into the vortex. Ifso, they may act as channels alongwhich the storm draws on and combusts its water vapor fuel. This powerfully points a way for future research: that these huge clouds orrainbands are the working "cylinders"in the giant natural engine hurricane, which but for the non- workingcylinder of a man-made Globemastermight still be one of the atmosphere'sguarded secrets.©©©©©©©©©©©©© SPECIAL REPORTMf JAMES THOMAS McCREARYaf SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA NEW YORK LIFE AGENTBORN; July 30, 1915.EDUCATION; Butler University, B.S., 1938.MILITARY: U.S. Navy, April '42— -January 3, '46— Lt.PREVIOUS EMPLOYMENT: 1938-1942— Insurance Sales,REMARKS: On December 28, 1945, while still onterminal leave from the Navy, James Thomas McCrearyjoined New York Life's San Francisco General Office.His fine business and educational background,combined with a pleasant business manner, helped Tom McCreary become one of theCompany's leading agents. Honors bestowed on him include continuous membershipin New York Life's Top Club, the President's Council — an organizationcomposed of the Company's top 200 sales leaders. And his outstandingachievements have qualified him for membership in the industry-wide MillionDollar Round Table every year since 1947. Well liked and respected byclients and associates alike, Tom McCreary can very well look forward to manymore years of success with the Company he serves so well.A^£ Tom McCreary is now solidly established in acareer with the New York Life Insurance Company that can offer security, substantial income,and the deep satisfaction of helping others. Ifyou'd like to know more about such a career for yourself as a representative of one of the world'sleading insurance companies, write:NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE CO.College Relations Dept. 1-751 Madison Avenue, NewYork 10, N.Y,24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPOOKS ^The Republican Era: 1869-1901. ByLeonard D. White, PhD '21 1 late Ernest DeWitt Burton DistinguishedService Professor Emeritus of PublicAdministration, The University ofChicago. New York: The MacmillanCompany, 1958. ix, 406 pp. $6.00.THIS posthumously published volume brings to a conclusion thecrowning achievement of LeonardWhite's magnificent career — a four-volume history of the development ofthe American governmental administrative system. In 1942, when Whiteconceived the idea of such a history,he had already established his greatreputation as the dean of Americanstudents of public administration. In1926 he had published the first textbook in public administration. Thisvolume provided the conceptualization of the field which is still dominant, and thirty years later, thefourth edition is still by far the mostwidely used book on the subject.In 1927 White had written the firstbook on the newly -developing citymanager form of government. Hethen experimented with some studiesof the prestige value of public employment which today would meritthe accolade of "behavioristic." In1933 he published Trends in PiiblicAdministration for President Hoover'sCommittee on Social Trends. Withhis Whitley Council's in the BritishCivil Service (1933) and his CivilService Abroad (1935) he establishedhis position as the leading Americanauthority on the British personnelsystem.Nor was his experience confined tothe academic realm. From 1931 to1933 he had served as the Republicanminority member of the Chicago CivilService Commission, a post in whichhe learned much but where thestandards, it must be confessed, madehim unhappy. In 1934 PresidentRoosevelt had appointed him as theminority member of the U. S. CivilService Commission, and there he hada delightful and stimulating experience. His great legacy to the civilservice system was the junior civilservice examiner examination, whichhe invented for the purpose of bringing bright college graduates with lib- Photo by Harold (iuthmanThe late Leonard D. Whiteeral arts training into the federalservice. Prior to this time, examinations invariably were offered for specific categories of jobs requiring narrow specialized skills, and there wasno avenue by which broadly and liberally trained college men and women could enter the service. This examination was in form designed onlyto fill posts in the Civil Service Commission itself, but White was successful in getting many other agencies toselect candidates from the roster ofeligibles. This pioneering examination evolved through several subsequent forms into the present basicfederal service entrance examination.In 1937 White returned to the University of Chicago, and in 1940 became chairman of the Political Science Department on the retirementof Charles Merriam. Now at the mid-century mark, White took thought asto how^ he wished to spend the fifteenyears until retirement. His decisionwas to undertake the writing of acomplete administrative history ofthe United States from the beginningto the New Deal. There are countlessAmerican histories — political, military, social, cultural, industrial. Butno one had ever undertaken to painton a single broad canvas the development of the administrative systemand institutions through which theAmerican people have sought toachieve their collective purposes.And so White turned from the current administrative scene and beganto relive and recreate the formativeyears of the American republic. ANew England Federalist at heart, hefound the Federalist period most congenial. The stern integrity of Wash ington, the tremendous ability withwhich Hamilton pursued his goal ofbuilding a strong national administrative system — were fascinating tohim, and these great figures dominated his first volume, The Federalists (1948). This book demonstratedthat an administrative history couldbe as vital and colorful as a politicalhistory, and it was promptly presented with the Woodrow Wilson awardof the American Political Science Association.Two other volumes followed in thesame general pattern — The Jeffer-sonians (1951), and The Jacksonians(1954), carrying the thread down tothe Civil War. Perhaps contrary tohis original conceptions of the Jack-sonian spoils era, White found thislatter period as fascinating and important in its growth as the Federalist era, and he responded with avolume which was honored with thehighest award in the field of American history, the Columbia UniversityBancroft Prize.White's fourth volume was to beginafter the interruption of the CivilWar, and carry the story down to1933. But in the summer of 1956 heunderwent a serious operation, andafter a partial recovery he undertookto complete the volume only to 1901.The result is that the present workis limited to one of the least rewarding periods of American administrative development. Yet it was the eraout of which the more dramaticachievements of the twentieth century emerged.White traces two main themes. Oneis the effort to rebuild the executiveafter the post-Civil War debacle ofpresidential power, and to recapturethe government and its administration from congressional domination.The Republican preference for aweak presidency, which still plaguesthat party, was a major factor in thelow political morality and governmental ineffectiveness of the period,and by 1901 "the constitutional, political, and administrative balancebetween the two branches of government" had been restored, as Whitenotes, only in part.The other theme of the book is theconflict between the professional politicians and the reformers over themerit system and the ending of patronage. Here White can be somewhat more enthusiastic. He devotesfive chapters to the events leading upMAY, 1958 25to creation of the Civil Service Commission in 1883, and the subsequentstruggle to retain this institution andto strengthen the merit system. Theprogress was not rapid, but the miracle is that the success was as greatand lasting as it was.In these four volumes, then, wehave a dramatic, insightful accountof the development of the Americanadministrative system from 1789 to1901. No future historian of theAmerican nation can fail to profitfrom this story. Administration hasoften been disparaged as concernedonly with ways and means by thosewho concentrate only on ends. ButWhite has made it clear that goalsbecome realizable only as proper administrative instruments are developed, and he also demonstrates howclearly the spirit of a period is reflected in its public administrativehistory.Leonard White always worked according to plan. He set rigorousdeadlines for himself, and he neverfailed to make them. With the publication of The Republican Era, he hasmet his final deadline.C. Herman Pritchett, Professor,Department of Political ScienceCongressman Abraham Lincoln. ByDonald W. Riddle, PhB '20, PhD '23,Professor of History and Head of Division of Social Sciences, Universityof Illinois. University of Illinois Press,Urbana, 1957. Pp. vii, 280. $4.50.FEW trained historians write aboutAbraham Lincoln. That task is leftto poets, preachers, lawyers and otherlaymen. The result has been the creation of a folk- figure which in manyways has little resemblance to thereal man. Neither history nor Lincolnhave benefitted by the effort to picture him as one who never made mistakes and whose actions were alwaysabove reproach. To picture him ashe really was is only to add to hisstature.Professor Donald Riddle has wellunderstood this fact. With the truescholar's instinct he has gone back tothe sources and courageously usedthem. His researches have been thorough and intelligent. He understandsthe larger period in which his storyis set and shows unusual skill in relating Lincoln's part in it to his laterdevelopment. The final picture is thatof an Illinois politician who securedhis seat in Congress by the usual T. A. REHNQU1STC0 SidewalksFactory FloorsMachineFoundationsConcrete BreakingNOrmal 7-0433SARGENT'S DRUG STOREestablished 1852Chicago's most completeprescription and chemical stockphone RAndolph 6-477023 N„ Wabash AvenueChicagoSHERRY HOTEL53rd Street At The Lake . . .Complete Facilities ForConference Groups — ConventionsBanquets — DancesCall Catering FAirfax 4-1000Free Parking for Our Guests!Since 1885ALBERTTeachers' AgencyThe best in placement service for University,College, Secondary and Elementary. Nationwide patronage. Call or write us a^37 South Wabash AveChicago 3, ill.MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica - Exacta - Rolleiflex - Polaroid1342 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259NSA Discounts24-hour Kodachrome DevelopingHO Trains and Model SuppliesProducersof PrintedAdvertisingin ColorAround the ClockMilton H. Kreines '27101 East Ontario, Chicago 11WHitehall 4-5922-3-4CHICAGO ADDRESSING & PRINTING CO.Complete Service for Mail AdvertisersPRINTING— LETTERPRESS & OFFSETLetters • Copy Preparation • ImprintingTypewriting • Addressing • MailingQUALITY — ACCURACY — SPEED722 So, Dearborn • Chicago 5 • WA 2-4561 political deals, and whose career afterhe got to Congress was that of aWhig partisan too regular to be outstanding. Yet along the way Riddlefinds evidence of sound qualities inthe man which showed the capacityfor growth — the true measure ofLincoln's greatness.The years during which Lincolnwas in Congress were those in whichPresident James K. Polk was attempting to carry on the MexicanWar and in which the Whigs weredoing everything possible to hinderhis efforts and to discredit the man.Lincoln joined in the game withoutthe slightest regard for strict honestyor responsible stewardship. He twistedthe facts, made charges which heknew were false, and in general didall the things which his fellow Whigswere doing for strictly party benefit.He was regular in attendance andfaithful to his committee duties. Incases where party advantage was notat stake, he was moderate and middle-of-the-road in attitude. Even onquestions that had to do with slaveryhis record is not decisive. His votingdid not follow a consistent course except in opposition to extension andeven there he seems to have had noidea of just how this was to be accomplished. In fact, his record as a Congressman almost ruined him politically and left his future in sorrydoubt.This is a sound and worthwhilestudy that affords an invaluable foundation for a clear understanding ofthe man Lincoln.Avery O. Craven, PhD '24Professor EmeritusDepartment of HistoryThe Trouble With Women. By Eleanor Metheny, SB '28, Professor ofEducation and Physical Education,and James A. Peterson, Associate Professor of Sociology, University ofSouthern California. New York:Vantage Press, 1957. Pp. 222. $3.75.This book explores some of thecontradictions in the lives ofmodern women, contradictions whichstem from the dramatic shifts inwomen's roles that have occurredwithin the past few generations. It isthe author's thesis that women of today find themselves in a transitionperiod where the old certainties anddirectives about women's abilities andwomen's roles have not yet been replaced by new ones — at least, not for26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsociety at large. As a consequence,present-day women face greater conflicts than those faced by their grandmothers or those likely to be facedby their granddaughters. "In essence,then, the trouble with modern womenis that neither the privileges nor theresponsibilities of female human freedom have yet been clearly defined.Women have been promised the rightto share equally with men in a democratic social order, but the meaningof that promise has not yet been fullyinterpreted."After a brief introduction whichdescribes the social changes that haveled to the present state of confusion,the book consists of descriptions offive women, each illustrating a different pattern of life, but each seriously troubled and unhappy. One is awoman who, in attempting to combinethe roles of wife, mother, and professional woman, is distraught andharassed; two are "career" women,one young and one middle-aged, who,without marriage, feel cheated by life;We have read with great interestthe summary of enrollment at University College on page sixteen of theJanuary issue of The University ofChicago Magazine. I hope you willpermit me first to compliment you onthis fine magazine and your outstanding job of editing. I have been nowfor some years a most avid readerof The University of Chicago Magazine. We all rejoice in the regularand outstanding honors accorded ouruniversity through this publication.Since the enrollment statistics donot include our non-credit programs,we thought a few additional pointsof information might prove helpful.Counting our Informal Program, theBasic Program of Liberal Educationfor Adults, Special Programs, Lecture Series, The Federal ExecutiveTraining Programs and credit courseswhich may be taken not for credit,our enrollments in all these programsexceeded 2,400 persons in the AutumnQuarter. While these programs donot fit into degree sequences we regard them as extremely importantareas of our services as an educational institution.Robert M. RundeAssistant Dean of StudentsUniversity College ALUMNI CLUB EVENTSDate Place Speaker or ProgramMay 2 LaGrange Kermit EbyMay 7 Detroit Theodore SchultzMay 22 Washington D. C.May 25 Cleveland John I. KirkpatrickPast Events (not previously listed)Jan. 20 Cleveland "Inside Russia"Feb. 11 Santa Barbara, Cal. Francis ChaseFeb. 24 Cleveland Hans MorgenthauMarch 20 Cleveland "St. Lawrence Seaway"March 26 Albuquerque James Cate — Napier WiltApril 8 Seattle Louis GottschalkApril 23 Milwaukee D. Gale JohnsonApril 28-May 1 Upstate New York Maynard Kruegertwo are married women who, althoughfor different reasons, feel cheated because they are only "housewives."After each case has been described incolorful and sympathetic terms, theauthors discuss what ought to bedone to improve the situation. Inthese situations, the authors drawupon sound psychological and psychiatric, as well as sociological, concepts.The book is simply and forcefullywritten, and will undoubtedly attracta large audience. The authors possess many deep insights into theproblems of women (and the inevitably accompanying problems ofmen); and their thesis, while by nomeans a novel one, is correct and wellstated.The book has, however, a shortcoming. The five cases are all severelydisturbed women whose deep-seatedproblems cannot truly be said to result from the role ambiguities thatface them. Given a different periodin history, these women with theirparticular configurations of childhoodand adolescent experiences wouldshow different symptoms, but theywould still be "sick." While the authors themselves point out that thesewomen are not typical, and that thereare other women who are managingto build happy and constructive livesin the midst of present-day confusions; still the overall impression leftin the mind of the reader is that thesefive somehow represent most of therange, and that modern Americanwomen are in a pretty sad state.There is undoubtedly much to belearned about the typical woman from studying the atypical, just asthere is much to be learned abouthealth from studying illness. It is alsotrue that the problems of these fivewomen are common problems. Stillthe reader would be better served ifthe book had been more accuratelyentitled "Women in Trouble" ratherthan "The Trouble with Women."Bernice L. Neugarten, '36,AM '37, PhD '43,Assistant Professor,Committee on Human DevelopmentADMINISTRATOR continued from Page 13Emory and Georgia universities, andstill other programs are in process ofdevelopment.The experience with training ofhospital administrators in the UnitedStates did not go unnoticed in otherparts of the world. The University ofSao Paulo, Brazil, inaugurated a program in 1951. New South Wales University in Australia began a course in1956, and the University of Mexico isin process of planning a program.It is estimated that more than twothousand individuals have been sotrained in the United States andCanada. The majority are in administrative positions in hospitals, althougha number are serving in related fields,such as teaching of hospital administration, state departments of health,hospital associations and similar endeavors.de'MEDICIcould afford to pay $6, $7, $8, $9 and morefor vitamins. Can you? Save up to 60%.We buy direct from 100-year-old manufacturer. 20 element formula. 100 capsules-$3.15.Special introductory offer with this ad, $2.00cash or check.MacNEAL & DASHNAUP.O. Box 3651 Dept. C, Phila. 25, Pa.MAY, 1958 27GIFTS APPROACHHALF WAY MARK\1otk-n PhotoBudd Gore, !36, Chicago areachairman, Alumni FoundationThe 1958 Alumni Fund passed$400,000 and 5,000 gifts on April I.National Chairman Howard L. Willett, Jr., announced.Targets for the annual drive, whichwill end June 30, are 8550,000 and15,000 gifts.Additional area chairmen announced by Willett bring the total tomore than 230. The new chairmenare:ATLANTIC COASI- Herbert W.Hansen, Westchester and FairfaxCounties, N. Y.; Dr. James E. Chace.Gainesville, Fla.; Mrs. Richard P.Doyle, Sarasota, Fla.; Mrs. Colin D.Campbell, Hanover, N. H.; David S.Campbell, Arlington, Va.; Dr. Frederick Sperling, Falls Church, Va.CENTRAL STATES— Miss Agnes J.Helmreich, Des Moines, Iowa; MissViola Du Frain, Carbondale, 111.;Judson Bradford, Holland, Mich.;Harold E. Bowers, Dayton, Ohio.SOUTH AND WEST— Miss Lois Hand-saker, Sacramento, Calif.; Mrs. Richard W. Power and Mrs. Elizabeth Mac-Pike Brown, San Diego, Calif.: Mrs.Helena M. Roe, Great Falls, Mont.;Miss Beverly J. Hale, Albuquerque,N. M.; Mrs. Omar F. Kelsay, Salem,Ore.; Dr. Jack L. Cross, El Paso,Texas; Mr. and Mrs. John P. Hunt,Pullman, Wash.CHICAGO SUBURBS— John R. Lana-han, Chesterton, Ind.; Joseph W.Frank, Glen Ellyn; Jack P. Katz,Glenview; Mrs. Keith L Parsons and a Nass iNietusA2_|Q "I've nv\vv known a studentV*? 1*/ W|U) ((itin't ijkc mathematicsif he understood it," said Boulah I. Shoe-smith, '03. recently in a Chicago Tribunearticle. The famous and beloved highschool teacher went on to say that whatchildren need is more challenge.Helmut Berens, '03. who retired in1950 after 43 years oi teaching, wasawarded the Elmhurst. 111.. "Man of theYear" award for 1957. The award wasmade by the Junior Chamber of Commerce. Berens has been president of theDuPage County Historical Society for thepast 12 years. In 1950 lie planned andset up the education department of theChicago Historical Society. His wife,Alice Thompson Berens, "05, has recentlyretired from the Elmhurst. Public Libraryboard after serving for 35 years, 25 ofthem as president of the board. For newsof their son Alfred see '39.Charles Elijah Decker, AM 09, PhD"17, has been elected an honorary memberol the Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Decker has beenpresident of the society, head of theDepartment, of Paleontology at OklahomaUniversity, and since 1943, ProfessorKmeritus there. At the age of 85. in1953. he launched a five-year researchprogram with special funds from theO.U. Foundation. Decker is an acknowledged world authority on the tinymarine fossils called graptolhes which areoften keys in determining the age offormations.Dr. Dana W. Atchley, 11 and his wife,Mary Phister Atchley, 11, spent November in South America, where he wentas a special consultant for the Rockefeller Foundation to study certain medicalschools in Colombia and Brazil.Evelyn A. Hattis Fox, 15, is servingas alumni president of the College ofJewish Studies in Chicago.Otto A. Sinkie, JD 18, is the author andprivate printer of The Book of Altruism,published by the Altruist Church. Thishe calls the "Bible of Altruism, the newreligion/' and adds, "whichever sideadopts the principles of Altruism wall winthe Cold War." Author Sinkie lives inGrand Island, Neb.John W. Webster, Hinsdale; Aimer E.Johnson, Libertyville; Mrs. William R.Greene, Mundelein; Martin Paltzer,Riverside; Mrs, Hascal T. Lyon,Wheaton. 10" 1R Mrs" Louis Wirth> (MaryZ\J"ZJ i5ojdon)t '20, has completedher fifth year with the Chicago HousingAuthority, where she is supervisor ofCommunity and Tenant Relations.Dale A. Nelson. JD "24, of Watseka, 111..writes that his son-in-law. Joseph DuCoeur, *54, JD '57, who was law clerkfor Hon. II. Nathan Swnine. JD If), of theU.S. Court of Appeals until the latter'sdeath last July, is now an associate inthe law firm of Kirkland, Fleming, Green.Martin, and Ellis. Washington, D.C.William R. Puree!!, 25. former vice-president of Batten, Barton, Durstine, andOsborn, is now a consultant to thai.agency. Formerly a resident of HubbardWoods, 111., he now lives in Laguna.Beach, Calif.Harold H. Webber, '38, vice president, Look Magazine, has beenelected to the board of directorscf the company. Webber and hiswife, the former Shirley Irish, '38,live with their three children at41 Woodside Drive, Greenwich,Conn. Prior to joining Look inApril, 1957, he was associated withFoote, Cone and Belding, Chicago,rising from account and researchsupervisor for the predecessorLord & Thomas agency in 1941 toexecutive vice president and director of FC&B in 1956.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"}fi-^4 Edward C* A,nes* '26» publicXV *J ¦ rejations director of Owens-Illinois Glass Co., and a former newspaperman and radio newscaster, has beenelected the Lucas County member of theOhio Board of Education. Having defeated his opponent by over 50,000 votes,he will serve until 1960, filling out aterm left vacant by a resignation. Ameswas a member of the Toledo Board ofEducation from 1945 to 1953, and is aformer faculty member of Ohio Wesleyan and Toledo universities.John M. Meyer, PhB '27, has beenelected to the board of U. S. Steel Corp,He is a senior vice president and directorof J. P. Morgan & Co., Inc., with whichhe has been associated since 1933.Lyle Harper, PhB '28, writes fromPalm Springs, Calif., to ask, "What hashappened to the class of 11? They usedto advertise like the U. S. Marine Corps."Alice Kastie Brown, PhB '28, writesthat she's still a homemaker in Mt. Pleasant, Mich. Her daughter Beverly wasmarried last July, and her son Bill is astudent at Denison University in Ohio.Lucia Alice Mysch, PhB '28, of BallState Teachers College, Muncie, Ind., willlead a group of teachers on her biennialtour of the Southwest this year. The toursfocus on art study; her last was toEurope.Keith O. Taylor, PhB '30, MBA '45, isnow Professor of Hospital Administrationat the University of California.Sophie Veronica Cheskie, PhB '30,MBA '46, has received a PhD in Education from Wayne State University. Shewrote her dissertation on the adult education program in Highland Park, Mich.Harold Urey of the U of C faculty wasawarded an honorary Doctor of Lawsdegree at the same commencement.John C. Jensen, PhB '31, of SouthHaven, Mich., has his own exportingcompany. He is planning a trip to SouthAmerica and Europe this spring. Marriedand the father of two girls and a boy,Jensen is active in several civic organizations,Fred R. Bush, AM '31, is Director ofDramatics at Central Michigan College,Mount Pleasant, Mich. During February-he took a group of 50 students to NewYork on a theatre travel course and willtake another in June. In July he willtake 40 students on a similar course toEngland and Europe.Elizabeth Freeman Collins, '33, of Chicago, has a son, Frank, who is now thefourth ranking sophomore in his class atNorthwestern Technical Institute. Herson William hopes to enter the U of Cnext year to study meteorology. 'MW^ff^W^^^M"Flanked by Under Secretary of Agriculture True D. Morse (left) and Sherman E. Johnson, USDA scientific and professional adviser, Edwin G. Nourse,PhD 15, displays plaque naming him one of the first ten fellows of the American Farm Economic Association. Chairman of the President's council ofeconomic advisers from 1946 to 1949 and now retired, Nourse taught agricultural economics and related subjects at the universities of Pennsylvania, SouthDakota and Arkansas, at Iowa State College and Brookings Institute, T. W.Schultz, Professor and Chairman, Department of Economics, University ofChicago, also has been named a fellow of the association.ZJkeexclusive ClearnessWe operate our own drycleaning plantTHREE HOUR SERVICE1331 East 57th St. 53 If Hyde Park Blvd.Midway 3-0602 NOrmal 7-9858Office & Want1442 East 57th Street Midway 3-0608Wasson - PocahontasCoal Co.6876 Soy+h Chicago Ave.Phone: Butterfield 8-2 1 1 6-7-0-9Wasson's Coal Males Good — or —Wasson DoesMildred R. Bryan Marion, f28, ofEvanston, writes that John A. Maurant,'26, PhD '40, Professor of Philosophy atPennsylvania State University, is the author of Readings in the Philosophy ofReligion. Thomas Crowell Co., New York,published the book in 1954. Edna B. Mack, PhB '32, AM '47, received a PhD last June from the University of Michigan, where she is a lecturerin Library Science.Andy, age 2, came from Frankfurt,Germany, to join the family of ChesterW. Laing, '32. The Laings and older sonJohn were in Europe in December,A, Marion Harkins, PhB '33, writes totell us that Henry N. Harkins, SB '25, SM*26, PhD '28, MD '31, is now president ofthe Washington State Chapter of theAmerican College of Surgeons.Stanley Mosk, '33, has been serving asjudge of the Los Angeles Superior Courtfor the past 15 years, and is presently acandidate for states attorney general inthe June primaries in California.F. Strother Cary, Jr., '34, vice presidentin charge of administration at Leo Burnett Company, has been named to supervise the recently-won Chrysler Corporation advertising account for hisagency, Cary was one of the originaleight men who helped start the businessof Leo Burnett 22 years ago.Louis E. Hosch, '34, and Florence I.Hosch, '38, AM '40, are now assigned toPanama City by the United Nations,They have previously worked for theUN in Rome, Rio de Janeiro, and Cairo.MAY, 1958 29Keith Parsons, PhB '33, JD '37, and Thomas H. Coulter, AM '35, have beennamed to the 1957 Silver Anniversary Ail-American football team by SportsIllustrated magazine. Winners were selected on the basis of their footballcareers and their achievements since their football days.Parsons, who was nominated by the University of Chicago, is an attorneyand lives in Chicago with his wife, the former Lorraine Watson, PhB '34,AM '38. A former president of the Alumni Association, Parsons is currentlyserving on the association's cabinet, and is a member of the board of directorsof the law school and of the Alumni Foundation. In June 1955. he receivedan alumni citation for his distinguished work in public service.Coulter, a nominee of Carnegie Institute of Technology where he did hisundergraduate work, is chief executive officer of the Chicago Association ofCommerce and Industry and a member of the board of directors of the University of Chicago Alumni Foundation.35-42 Allen Sinsheimer, 35, JD 37,is now in the second yearof his own law practice in Miami, Fla.He was formerly an attorney for theNational Labor Relations Board.Nancy B. McGhee, PhD "42. of Hampton, Va., spent last summer in WestAfrica with her husband, who was onduty there for the International Cooperative Adminstration at the Booker Washington Institute, Liberia. She writes that"the stay was truly informational as wellas stimulating in terms of the new stirrings on that continent, particularly inLiberia, Ghana, and Nigeria."Norman W. Hickman, AM '42, and hiswife Janice now live in Portland, Ore.,where he is Associate Professor of Psychology at Lewis and Clark College.Norman G. Foster, SB '42, and WilliamT. Nelson, SB '42, are both associatedwith the Bartlesville, Okla., "OperationMoon-Watch." The group is associatedwith the national organization helping totrack the U. S. satellites. Foster, organizer and director of the project, is alsoa supervisory chemist with the petroleum experiment station of the U. S.Bureau of Mines. Nelson, a group captainon the moon watch project, is a chemistwith Phillips Petroleum Co. John Vieg, PhD '37, head of the Department, of Government, at PomonaCollege, Calif., recently described federalcivil service employees as being generallysuperior by "a clear margin" over privateindustry employees. Speaking to 500federal civil servants, he also scoredMcCarthy ism for assuming that somelarge percentage of federal employeesmight be disloyal. He stated that government now provides "a set of serviceswithout which we couldn't have a civilized society," and that the stage is nowset for getting "more able people intowork for the United States Government."UNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANK1354 East 55th Street* '/4 AtWHf 6oh6"MemberFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationMUseum 4-1200Phones OAlcland 4-0690—4-0691—4-0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove Avenue 42 47 Marshall W. Wiley, 43, JDjtD-*t / .48 MBA >49 ancl his wifeMarjorie Keane Wiley, are now livingin New York City.Frances G. Weiss, AM '43, is a socialcase worker at Wadsworth VA Hospital,Calif.Bette Rose Katz Blair, AB '43. writesthat her whole family is occupied withscouting at the moment. Her son Michael,1.1 li>. and her two daughters, Lisa, 13, andEllen, 81'2. are all active, while her husband is a scoutmaster and she herself agirl scout leader.Shirley Smith Angelo, '43, is a partnerin a newly opened dress shop in Hinsdale, III.Dr. Annabel Lee Glasgow, AB 45, isnow a psychologist at Presbyterian-St.Lukes Hospital in Chicago.Howard W. Rasher, PhB '46, AB '46,of Mount Vernon, N. Y., is a member ofthe bar in that state, having graduatedfrom the New York Law School. He andhis wife Judith now have three children.Laurel Sacks Fischer, 47. and husband welcomed their fifth child, AmyLynn, into the family February 5. Theylive in Akron.Since 1878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Restored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. • Li 9-7180BOYDSTON AMBULANCE SERVICEAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of Chicagophone NOrmal 7-2468NEW ADDRESS-1708 E. 71ST ST.BEST BOILER REPAIR&WELDINGCO.24 HOUR SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoPENDERCatch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sump-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUEFAirfax 4-0550PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICE30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMary Ann McDowell, '45, is AssociateProfessor of Psychiatric Social Work atthe Child Guidance Division of the University of Maryland Medical School.Jill Weinberg (6 pounds, 11 ounces)arrived at the home of the MichaelWeinbergs on Tuesday, February 4, 1958.Dad was graduated in 1947.A ft QCS Watson Parker, '48, and Olgai€7-*/V/ Glassman Parker, '49, live atPalmer Gulch Lodge, in the Black Hillsnear Hill City, S.D. Watson is managerof the lodge. The Parkers have threechildren: Jamie, 6; Davie, 4; and Becky, 1.John A. Holsen, AB '48, AM '52, hasrecently been in Portugal working ona study of the economy of Angola (Portugese West Africa) under a Ford Foundation fellowship. He was accompaniedby his wife, Miriam Dubin Holsen, AB'48, and their five children: Esther, Ruth,Matthew, Rebecca and Martha. In January he left for Africa, to make hisheadquarters in Luanda for about sixmonths.Allen J. Burris, MBA '48, has beenpromoted to second vice president of theNorthern Trust Company, Chicago. Heis married and the father of one child.Pierce Bray, AB '48, MBA '49, has returned from two years in Manila, wherehe was on an assignment for Booz, Allen,and Hamilton, management consultants.He writes that it was a very interestingexperience. The company was workingwith the Philippine government to modernize their treasury and accountingpractices.Marjorie Fullmer, '50, has heen appointed associate director of publicityand public relations for the State StreetCouncil in Chicago. Marge is helping toplan the second annual dinner for alumniin communications (press, public relations, etc.) wrhich will be held at theQuadrangle Club just before the Sing onJune 14. The dinner last year was asell-out.N C2 John Evans, AM '51, and his«¦/ 1 -*/^ wife have a new member intheir family, Richard Lukas, born inJanuary. They live in Paterson, N.J.Richard C, Woellner, '51, BS '53, MD'55, was married December 28, 1957, toMargaret Louise Graham at Ann Arbor,Mich. Margaret's father is a member ofthe Michigan faculty; Richard's is Robert C. Woellner, AM '24, a member ofthe Chicago faculty. Best man was Fay-lon M. Brunemeier, MD '55; Jerome L.Johnson, '50, was one of the ushers. Dr.and Mrs. Woellner are living in Pensa-cola, Florida, where Richard is a lieutenant at the Naval School of AviationMedicine. r^4 r"7 Robert W. Scofield, AM '54,3*~*J 1 PhD '55, in addition to beingAssistant Professor of Psychology atOklahoma State University and psychological consultant at the Federal Reformatory, El Reno, Okla., has recentlybeen appointed psychological consultantat the State School for Mentally Retarded, Enid, and the State School forBoys, Helena, Okla.Alice E. Haagensen, AM '54, of Glencoe, is in her second year of teachinga class of *'gifted" children at Lincoln-wood School in Evanston.Polly Bartholomew, AB '56, becameMrs. Eric O. Feigl last year. She andher husband live in Minneapolis.LOWER YOUR COSTS»,MPft OVf-D MM>KX/S""¦'SRSON •~-nR9t Helen Katherine Probst, AB '56, leftin January for two years in Europe asa professional recreation leader for theDepartment of the Army.David S. Gochman, AB '57, is now engaged in a research project evaluatingteaching methods and educational activities at the University of Colorado,Boulder, Colo. He writes that "my undergraduate work in the College hasprovided me with an advantageouslystrong background in philosophy andtheoretical thinking. It already has beenquite an asset."Edmund A. Huff, SM '57, is now aPFC in the Army serving in Canada atthe Army First Arctic Test Center.Webb-Linn Printing Co*Specializing in theproduction ofSCIENTIFICMEDICALTECHNICALBOOKSKOfcEST ft, 5M&PIRO. 33, rOUHOER MOnroe 6-2900where the Mississippi flows east to west. . . there along the northwest boundary of Illinois liesRock Island County . . .Referring to the bluffs along theriver at this point, an architect toldus one day that here are some ofthe finest home sites he has everdiscovered.On these BLUFFS are located theresidences of many industrial executives, business and professionalpeople who work in the cities ofRock Island County. They like thismetropolitan area of over onequarter million people. Life is interesting the year around. Outdooractivities, a variety of cultural andentertainment attractions and thefriendly citizens make it so. You are invited to join yourexecutive contemporaries here inthis midwest location. Your decision to come to Rock IslandCounty Illinois with your newplant expansion is the first step.We shall be happy to expediteyour decision in this direction withfacts concerning the many advantages of this vicinity. Let us knowyour requirements.ADDRESS John A. Smithers, executive vice president, BlackhawkIndustrial Development Co., 1610Fifth Avenue, Moline, Illinois.MAY, 1958 31MemorwfWilliam IL Jackson, '99, JD '07, diedin February. He entered the Universitywith its second class in 1893, and was alifelong resident of Hyde Park. Longactive in charitable and civic work, heserved on the board of directors of manyorganizations, and on the board of ShimerCollege. His son is John M. Jackson,'29, PhD '32.Solomon F. Acree, PhD '02, died in hishome in Washington D.C, on October 23.Reginald Harvey Griffith, PhD '05, ofthe University of Texas, died on December 10.Clinton J. Davisson, '08, co- winner ofthe 1937 Nobel prize in physics, died inFebruary. He had spent 29 years withBell Telephone Laboratories, and was avisiting professor of physics at the University of Virginia. The award, which heshared with G. P. Thompson of Britain,was for his discovery of electron diffraction and the wave properties of electrons.Fred M. Walker, '08, star U of C football player, major league pitcher, andcollege coach, died at his home in OakPark in February. He was an outstanding baseball star at the University, anda star blocking back on Stagg's famedMONEYMEANSINDEPENDENCESome day either \ our famihwill need mono\ to replace\our earnings or you yourself will need an income forretirement. Sun Life insurance can provide both.RALPH J. WOOD, JR.1 North LaSalle St.FRanklin 2-2390SUN LIFECANADA32 * 1906 football team. He played pro baseball for the New York Giants and theSt. Louis Cardinals, and later was acoach at Chicago and 14 other major colleges. He abandoned sports for businessin 1940, At the time of his death he wasvice president of Chesley & Co.Elma Ehrlich Levinger, '10, died inJanuary, while in Hawaii on an extendedvacation trip to the South Seas. She hada bad heart. Mrs. Levinger was theauthor of more than 30 books, chieflyfor children and young people. In 1957she received the annual award of theJewish Book Council of America for hercumulative work in the juvenile field.She and her husband, Lee J. Levinger,'09, first met at the University.Lyman Keith Gould, 10, SM '11, MD13, Fort Wayne, Ind., died in December.Lorena M. Church, AM 11, ProfessorEmeritus of English at Rockford (111.)College, died in January. She retired in1956 after 50 years of service, the longestteaching record in the college's history,but continued substitute teaching upto a w?eek before her death. From 1915to 1948, she was college registrar, mostof which time she was responsible for theadmitting cf students. She made it apoint to know each student personally.Her outstanding success at teachingwar veterans after the war was instrumental in the establishment, of RockfordMen's College as a supplement to thewomen's school. In an editorial tributeupon her passing, Rockford city newspaper said that "both College and cityfelt a great sense of loss at the death cfan inspiring teacher and wise counselor."Eldridge S. Adams, MD 14, of Ingle-wood, Calif., died in October.Goldie Palmer Hardesty, 16, of Clearwater, Fla., died in February. Sheformerly taught school in Cleveland.Perry Dryden, 17, an investmentbroker in Chicago, died in January. Aresident of Geneva, he was an aldermanon the city council there for 25 years.He also was a director of the Consolidated Cement Co.Myron B, Chapin, '20, Associate Professor Emeritus of Drawing and Painting atthe University of Michigan, died in February in Ann Arbor, He was widelyknown for his water colors, and servedthe U of M for 32 years before his retirement in 1956.Louis P. Gambee, MD '20, of Portland,Ore., died in September.James R. Webster, '27, MD '32, noteddermatologist and a member of thesenior attending staff at Wesley MemorialHospital, Chicago, died in March. Formore than a year he knew his life could be prolonged if he gave up his practiceand moved to a warm climate, but refused to consider abandoning his work.Webster was consultant to the surgeongeneral in World War II, and a Professor of Dermatology at Northwestern. Hewas active in numerous professional organizations and headed the Americandelegation to the 11th International Congress of Dermatology in Stockholm lastJuly.Captain Roger Brooks, SM '26, ofWashington, D.C, died in December ofcancer. He was in charge of procurementfor the Ordnance Engineering andGuided Missile Division of the Department of Defense at the time of his death.Merrill Elmer Gaddis, PhD '29, historian, minister, amateur poet and cartoonist, and head of the Social Science Division of Central College, Fayette, Mo.,died in January. He had a distinguishedacademic and preaching record. Heworked his way through the Universitywith the aid of scholarships. His wife isFlorence Lyon Gaddis, '29.Muriel K. Fuller, '31, MD '35, of Chicago, died in August of last year. Shewas the wife of the late Harry B. Fuller,'09, MD 13.William J. Hockman, '42, of Ridgefield,Conn., died in March. From 1943 on, hewas active in the motion picture andtelevision fields, both as an actor andassociate director. He appeared in anumber of films under the name, "BillHunt/' and then moved to New Yorkwhere, under the name "William Fer-rott," he worked for the National Broadcasting Company as an associate directorof numerous network television shows.Elizabeth Julie Grissom, '47, SB '49,died suddenly October 8, following theCaesarian delivery of a son, Marc Paul.At one time Julie taught in the University Nursery School, and also underBruno Bettelheim at the Orthogenicschool. She and her husband, Paul M.Grissom, '48, MD '52, rendered considerable service to the University in bothDenver and San Antonio, Tex., duringstudent procurement and fund drives.A memorial shelf of child psychiatricliterature has been established in memory of Julie at the Lackland Air ForceHospital library.LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: HYde Park 3-9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERCREATIVITYand PRODUCIBILITYBasic research has been described as "a search for knowledge, unfettered by production demands." At Avco, werealize that fundamental new ideas cannot be programmedin advance to fit the needs of even the highest priorityschedule. There will always be room here for this kind ofbasic creative work.Yet, as an industrial research operation, we want torealize the material benefits that have historically resultedfrom scientific breakthroughs. Economic common senseand national security require an industrial research structure that can transform the idea in a scientist's brain intoworkable, useful hardware.We see nothing inconsistent in the pursuit of new productssimultaneously with the pursuit of new ideas—and doingboth under the same roof. Rather, we feel that the continuous feedback resulting from close association of basicresearch people, applied scientists and engineers, testengineers and product engineers does as much for creativity as for producibility. And America's future dependsupon a good supply of both.Robert D. Grange,Manager, Prototype Development Department Robert D. GrangePictured above is our now Research and Development Center nowunder construction in Wilmington, Massachusetts. Scheduled forcompletion this year, the ultramodern laboratory will house thescientific and technical staff of the Avco Research and AdvancedDevelopment Division.Avco's new research division now oilers unusual and excitingcareer opportunities for exceptionally qualified and forward-looking scientists and engineers.Write to Dr. R. W. Johnxton, Scientific ami Technical lie! a (ions,Avco Research and Advanced Development Division,20 South [hiion Street. Lawrence, Massachusetts,H aveyoumatliedyours .?