J. W. Man-bet ti. Director, Avco Electronics Research LabnratoryIMoturc-d abnvo in our n«'\v Reht-areh and Developni'-m CVnif-r imwunder construction in Wilmington, Massachusetts. Scheduled \**rcompletion in early 1958, this ultramodern laboratory will housethe scientific and technical staff of the Avco Research andAdvanced Development Division.Avco's new research division now offers unusual and excitingcareer opportunities for exceptionally qualified and forward-looking scientists and engineers in such fields as:Science:Aerodynamics * Electronics * Mathematics ¦ MetallurgyPhysical Chemistry * Physics * ThermodynamicsEngineering;Aeronautical * Applied Mechanics * Chemical * ElectricalHeat Transfer * Mechanical * Reliability » Flight TestWrite fa Dr. II. H\ Johnston. Scientific and Technical Relations,Avco Research and Advanced Development Division,Jfl South Cnion Street, Lawrence, Massachusetts. CREATIVITYIf there is a single word that can best describe the aim andpurpose of AVCO's Research and Advanced DevelopmentDivision, it is creativity. We at AVCO have assembled thos*elements and that atmosphere which we believe are mostconducive to true creative effort.Our future progress depends on an early recognition of the difference between an important new idea and just a new idea. Itis mere quibbling with words whether we call these things newdiscoveries, breakthroughs, or basic research. They are, in factjmerely the signposts of our future. The world in 1980 and theyear 2000 will, in its technological aspects, be vastly differentfrom what we know today. Yet locked somewhere on our presentscientific frontiers is the knowledge that will spell out thisdifference. It is our purpose to help in the unlocking of thaiknowledge and to contribute our part to the over-all progressThe most important ingredients of creativity are curiosity anda real will to work hard. Of only slightly lesser importance isthe feedback, or close working relationship between theoretician and observing experimentalist. We at AVCO also realizethat a single creative effort is the output of a man, or, at thdmost, of a small group of men at any one time. It is, thereforecontinuously subject to the criticism of other men and someeven more stultifying forces. Some of these are economic onorganizational and others are of a more subtle variety. We ofthe AVCO management consider it our responsibility to baalert to both positive and negative factors affecting creativityWe consider the ability of our men to create for the futurethe most important function of the AVCO Research andAdvanced Development Division.MemoT^wlI got ba,ck from the hospital Christmaseve. I had entered Billings with a suspicious pain in the middle of me onThanksgiving Day.Now, nearly a month and a handful ofstones (gall) later, I was back homethinking about the Christmas cards thatnever got mailed arid this Februarycolumn, due January 2nd.Sidestepping any temptation to talkabout my operation I began looking aboutfor material. There was an item I wasgoing to call:Football quotes. Sports Illustrated, inits November 25th issue, carried as itsweekly "Hotbox" question: "ChancellorLawrence A. Kimpton predicts the returnof intercollegiate football to Chicago. Doyou favor it?" The answers were fromstudents on the Midway.The Maroon editor said 'Yes"; the Cap& Gown editor, "No"; a third-year student, "That would be great"; a first-yearstudent, "We don't need it."Three issues before, Sports Illustrateda,sked ten alumni secretaries from NotreDame to Tulane (and Chicago) : "Do youthink alumni groups are harmful tocollegiate sports?" I'll leave you to estimate just how many alumni secretariesare going to be quoted nationally:"Alumni, go home."Of course both questions are prettyabsurd. In the first instance the reportergets a, few pros to balance a few cons andrushes off to his next assignment. In thesecond, all answers are bound to be "if. . ." no.And, as of this New Year's day writing,you know as much about football's returnto Stagg Field as anyone on campus.Arizona Progress, published by theValley National Bank, in its Decemberissue ha.d a good year-end crack: "Theway to make flying safer is to eliminatethe automobile drive to the airport."Sunday supplement coincidence. Thesame week the Sunday Tribune featureda story on our "new" School of Business,the Sunday Sun-Times carried a full-page article on "Compulsory Auto Insurance?" by Harry Kalven, Jr., Professorof La,w at the University.Emeriti. Three professors emeriti wereat the Quadrangle Club for lunch the last day of the old year. You may rememberthem and be interested to know that:Harvey B. Lemon (Physics) recentlyhad critical surgery at Billings; made amagnificent recovery; and was back inhis usual pla,ce at the round table.Harold R. Willoughby (New Testament)was my neighbor in Billings — also forsurgery. He beat me back to the Clubby nearly a week and is looking topsagain.Frank Hurburt O'Hara (English) leftafter lunch for Hiram College, Ohio,where he wa,s invited to join the facultyfor 1958. At Hiram the college year isdivided into five periods. The studentconcentrates on only one subject in eachperiod. This will be another interestingteaching exeprience for Frank who, sincehis retirement in 1953, has taught collegecourses from Idaho to Tennessee.Fads and magic. I wasn't fair to Martin Gardner, '36, in '57. Martin is a freelance writer. Last year his publishers,Dover Publications, Inc., New York City,sent me copies of his two latest books.Both were so fascinating that I couldn'tput them down long enough to writereviews.The first was Mathematics, Magic andMystery ($1.00). In 175 pages Martintells why card tricks work; how toastonish friends with feats of mentalmathematics; how stage "mind reading"works; and how to do all manner of cardand coin tricks.The other volume is called Fads &Fallacies ($1.50). He calls it a study inhuman gullibility and "exposes" twenty-six such areas from flying saucers, medical cults, quacks, and food faddists toBridey Murphy.Speaking of alumni from the thirties,a Christmas note from an old friend ofMartin's, Cody Pfanstiehl, tells about hisnew position in Washington, D. C: publicrelations director of the WashingtonStar. Formerly Cody had been in publicrelations with radio-TV station WTOP.Most recently he was public relationsdirector for Washington's United GiversFund. At last he has reached an earlyambition: to be a member of the fourthestate?Unhappily, I turned to Page 12 of theJanuary Magazine, just now placed onmy desk. The caption for the bottompicture refers to "Alan" Maremont. Thisshould have rea.d Arnold H. Maremont,'24, JD'26. The caption closes with ". . .they view painting by Maremont included in the show." The show was anall-Picasso exhibit. Mr. Maremont and Professor Taylor are discussing the painting by Picasso which is owned by Mr.Maremont and was loaned to the ArtInstitute for the show.The priva.te showing for Chicagoalumni attracted a crowd of 1700 alumniand their guests — the most successfulprogram put on by the Alumni Association in recent years.H.W.M.UNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANKS354 East 55th StreetMemberFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationMUseum 4-1200Phones OAlcIand 4-0690— 4-069 1 —4-0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueLEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: HYde Park 3-9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERYOUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTASTES BETTERWHEN IT'S . ,A product -[ Swift & Company7409 So. State StreetPhone RAdcliffe 3-7400FEBRUARY, 1958ACTION SHOT OF ANEW ENGLAND LIFE AGENT•%^vNj - -¦*>r '-.**4,.*;-*.f,-.*i-^ .L. to R., Torn Parker and Howard Sopor of Parker-Soper, Architects; Dick WeldonDick Weldon discusses a s50,000 increasein business insurance for Parker-Soper, ArchitectsIt's hard to believe that Dick Weldon had never evensold life insurance until 1954. So much has beenaccomplished in the short time he's been with NewEngland Life."I wanted a career that was not governed by anything except my own ambitions" that's why Dickswitched from an executive position in another business to life insurance.From the start Dick has enjoyed a lot of success withNew England Life in Watertown, New York. Two yearsago, for example, he sold over a million dollars worth oflife insurance protection. He has qualified as a memberof the Million Dollar Round Table and our Hall ofFame. He was our "Rookie-of-the-Year" for 1956.Dick has had a good deal of satisfaction in buildinga strong clientele of businessmen like Torn Parker andHoward Soper. In most cases he handles both their personal and business insurance problems . . . andoften serves their employees as well.If a career of this sort appeals to you, investigate theopportunities with New England Life. You get incomewhile you're learning. You can work anywhere in theU. S. A. Your future is full of substantial rewards.For more information, write to Vice President L. M.Huppeler, 501 Boylston Street, Boston 17, Mass.NEW ENGLANDLIFE BOSTON. MASSACHUSETTSTHE COMPANY THAT FOUNDED MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE IN AMERiCA — !835Harry Benner, '12. ChicagoGeorge Marselos, '34, Chicago These Chicago University men are New England Life representatives:Robert P. Saalbach. \'W, OmahaJames M. Banghart. '41. Adv. Mgr., St. Paul John R. Downs, C..L.L\, 46, ChicagoHerbert W. SiegaL "46, San AntonioAsk one of these competent men to tell you about the advantages of insuring in the New England Life.2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEfn JjSs [sssueHERMAN KOGAN, '36, has co-authored four books: Lords of theLevy, Bet A Million, Give the Lady WhatShe Wants, and Big Bill of Chicago; andcontributed to a fifth: Uncommon Valor,a history of the U.S. Marine Corps during World War II, to which he wasattached as platoon sergeant.The first book to carry his by-line exclusively will be the forthcoming E.B. —The Encyclopaedia and Its Makers, whichwe were privileged to read in manuscript and from which "Benton Gambleson The Britannica" (beginning on Page4) was condensed.The book spans almost two centuries(the first edition of the Britannica wascompleted in 1771), and is a fascinatinghistory of men and their times as theyaffected the life and fortune of the publication and the publication theirs in turn.Condensed in this issue is only thatportion of the book dealing with theperiod since the University of Chicagobecame affiliated with EncyclopaediaBritannica, Inc. Much in the book whichwe would have liked to include in thecondensation is omitted because of spacelimitations: the Great Books, ERPI Films,Junior Britannica, and other projectswhich in themselves make a fascinatingstory as told by Kogan and which wereinitiated, developed or undertaken underthe aegis of the University.Kogan, a Phi Beta Kappa and aReynolds scholar, is book and dramacritic of the Chicago Sun-Times. He iscurrently working on a pictorial history of Chicago with Lloyd Wendt, assistant Sunday editor of the ChicagoTribune, with whom he co-authored hisfirst four books.WHEN Cal Bernstein was given hisassignment for the story on theCenter for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Palo Alto, Calif.,(Page 11), he was instructed to supplyphotographs of Chicago faculty membersnow there and at least one with someone from another university. Part ofthe idea behind the center is to bringmen from various disciplines and universities together to afford opportunityfor interaction. We were quite unprepared, albeit gratified, upon receiving thephotos, to find the number of Chicagoalumni among faculty from other universities on fellowships there.RESTORATION of the "Birth Certificate of the Atomic Age" (Page 16)recalls the momentous day 15 years agowhen the first self-sustaining chain reaction was achieved. UNIVERSITYMAGAZINE FEBRUARY, 1958Volume 50, Number 5FEATURES49II Benton Gambles On The BritannicaFrom a forthcoming book by Herman KoganBirth Certificate Of The Atomic AgeTo Learn The Shape Of ManDEPARTMENTSI Memo Pad3 In This Issue17 News of the Quadrangles22 Books23 Class News32 MemorialCOVERLooking outside from inside the study room of George Stigler, PhD '38,at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, PaloAlto, California. Portion of the interior of the study and Stigler, seatedat his desk, are reflected on glass door, opening on veranda. Now on afellowship at the center, Stigler is Professor of Economics at ColumbiaUniversity. Photograph is by Cal Bernstein, San Francisco, California.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEditor Editorial AssistantMELANIA SOKOL M. ROSS QUILLIANTHE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONExecutive Secretary-EditorHOWARD W. MORTAdministrative AssistantRUTH G. HALLORANRegional DirectorsCLARENCE A. PETERS (Eastern)WILLIAM H. SWANBERG (Western) The Alumni FundORLANDO R. DAVIDSONFLORENCE I. MEDOWStudent RecruitmentMARJORIE BURKHARDTProgrammingELIZABETH SHAW BOBRINSKOYPublished monthly, October through June, by The University of Chicago Alumni Association,5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois. Annual subscription price, $4.00. Single copies,25 cents. Entered as second class matter December I, 1934, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois,under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising agen+: The American Alumni Council, B. A. Ross,director, 22 Washington Square, New York, N. YFEBRUARY, 1958 3Benton gambles onthe Britannicaand the Universitywins a stakeThe story of the Encyclopaedia Britannicaand the University of Chicago, condensedfrom a forthcoming Britannica history, E. B.— The Encyclopaedia Britannica and ItsMakersby HERMAN KOGAN, '36EDITOR'S PREFATORY NOTE— The University of Chicago-Encyclopaedia Britannica story, as told by Herman Kogan, is the story ofWilliam Benton, advertising wizard turned educator and prime moverin bringing the encyclopaedia under the aegis of the University."A man ought to get out of the business he's in at 35 or 65," Bentonhad often said. "After 35 it's often too late to get a running startin something new. At 35 a man is still able to tackle anything."True to this conviction, Benton in 1935, prepared to get out of theadvertising business. He had then been in the field approximatelyfourteen years, rising from a $25-a-week copy writer to head of hisown firm, formed with Chester Bowles, as partner.On April I, 1936, his 36th birthday, Benton officially announced hisretirement. Three weeks later, he was tapped by Robert MaynardHutchins, a college associate at Yale. Hutchins, then chancellor ofthe University, wanted Benton to come to Chicago as secretary of theUniversity and take charge of public relations."Bob," Benton is quoted as replying, "I haven't retired as headof one of the half dozen top advertising agencies in the worldto move to Chicago to handle public relations for a university. It'stoo preposterous to consider!"In the end, Benton was prevailed upon to come and stay at leastlong enough to write a memorandum on what the University shoulddo about its public relations, then in need of bolstering. Bentoncame and has been associated with the University of Chicago eversince, first as an academic vice president, later as assistant to thechancellor and since 1946 as a trustee. For two years from 1945-47, heserved es Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs, was U. S.delegate and chairman at various international conferences, and in1948 was elected to a term as U. S. senator from Connecticut. Hehas been chairman and publisher of the Encyclopaedia Britannica,Inc., since 1942.Prior to 1942, the Encyclopaedia Britannica was owned by Sears,Roebuck and Company. Sears, Roebuck had acquired the encyclopaedia in 1920 because of the interest Julius Rosenwald, Chicagomillionaire and philanthropist, had taken in the work. General RobertE. Wood, who came to Sears, Roebuck in 1924, had long consideredRosenwald's acquisition of the publication a business error, andalong with other officials, felt that the firm was out of its intellectualand^ business depth in continuing to handle the Britannica under itsaegis.An attempt was made in 1928 to interest the University of Chicago in taking over the encyclopaedia company, but despite a promiseof a personal gift of $1,000,000 from Julius Rosenwald, the universitytrustees doubted the University would be able to manage such abusiness competently and turned down the offer. It was in November 1941, that Benton's curiosity was sharplyaroused by a memorandum reporting on a meeting in New York regarding "the desirability and practicality of preparing a new editionof the Encyclopaedia Britannica." Benton knew nothing about theproduction or the distribution of the Britannica, only that Sears, Roebuck owned it; and so, intrigued, he arranged a luncheon with General Wood, board chairman of the company.At the luncheon, Wood informally discussed Sears, Roebuck's desireto sell the property. He talked of the unsuccessful attempt thirteenyears before to interest the University in taking over the encyclopaedia, of subsequent and equally futile efforts to interest Harvardand the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and of the possibilitythat Rockefeller Foundation might take over the company. But thefoundation was not interested in financial involvement.Soon after came Pearl Harbor.0.'n December 7, William Benton was at home listeningon his radio to the University of Chicago's "Round Table"when the program was interrupted for the announcementof the bombing of Pearl Harbor. He listened to the scantynews flash, then made several telephone calls to friends.Among them was General Wood, but he was told Woodwas on his way to a business meeting in Boston. Twodays later, when the general returned, he met Bentonfor lunch at the Chicago Club.The meeting's main purpose was to discuss the involv-ment of the United States in the war. General Wood hadalready telegraphed President Roosevelt offering his services as a former army officer. Then as the waiter servedcoffee, Benton suddenly asked, "General, don't you thinkit's rather unwise for a mail-order house to own theEncyclopaedia Britannica — and isn't it even more unwisein wartime?""Yes," replied Wood. "Sears should never have acquired it in the first place."As they rose from the table, Benton suggested makinga gift of the encyclopaedia to the University of Chicago.Without replying, Wood walked silently downstairs forhis hat and coat. As his car drove up to the club door,he turned to Benton and said, "All right, Bill, I'll giveyou the Britannica."Benton sped to the university, bursting in on Hutchins4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAlumnusandChicagoSun-Timesbook anddrama critic; =--. Herman Kogan,: author of theforthcomingE, B,-~TheEncyclopaediaBritannicaand ItsMakers,Universityof ChicagoPressto tell him, "Call the general! Tell him Bill Benton justarrived in your office and says that he has given theEncyclopaedia Britannica to the University of Chicago!See what he says!'1With Hutehins, Wood verified the offer by telephone."Of course," he added, "I didn't mean that we wouldgive you the cash and receivables we have in the corporation. I'm sure Bill understood that. We can't giveyou our inventory either, that is, our present stock ofbooks and the books being printed. You'll have to comeup with about $300,000 for the inventory. But all therest of it, the plates, the copyright, the good will, every-thing else is yours as a gift to the University."JLfenton now assumed the role, as he was later todescribe it, of "professional beggar." Where was he toget the $300,000 and the money for working capital?He turned first to one of the university's good friends,Lessing Rosenwald, one of the university's trustees andthe son of the man who had helped save the Encyclopaedia Britannica in its dire days during and after WorldWar I. Rosenwald listened patiently, but opposed anyplan to have the university take over the publication.Benton then sent letters to friends everywhere. Helunched with magazine publishers, newspaper owners,and philanthropists. But he could stir no interest in raising the necessary money.As Benton continued his search, Wood offered a liberalplan of paying for the inventory: a $100,000 down payment, the remaining $200,000 to be taken out of profits.Later the general secured his directors' approval of aplan to lower the price of the inventory to $200,000, withhalf to be paid on delivery of the gift and the rest to betransmitted over five years at only 2 per cent interestrate. Still later he proposed a ten-year plan. He furnished Benton with earnings reports, sales records andother essential data. In a very important concession,Wood worked out an arrangement by which his company's bank would for the next five years, lend the encyclopaedia company 90 per cent on the face value of allinstalment accounts as soon as sales were made. Perhapsmore important. Wood agreed that during this period all collections for sets sold on the instalment plan wouldcontinue to be the responsibility of the chain-store firm'sextensive and efficient credit-and -collection network.JLn the ensuing months of 1942, Wood continued to comeforward with additional favorable terms. If the university, after accepting the gift, failed to make a success ofthe venture after a year's operation, Sears, Roebuck andCompany would take it back and assume all liabilities.If the university accepted the ten-year payment plan forthe inventory, Sears, Roebuck and Company would makea gift of $50,000 in cash to the university to be used asworking capital. Wood estimated that this sum wasenough for the purpose: Benton's own estimate, aftermany conversations with Encyclopaedia Britannica officials and his own financial friends and attorneys, wasbetween $100,000 and $150,000,To Wood's new offers Benton replied with gratitude.He sent to Harold F. Swift, the meat-packing firm executive who headed the university Board of Trustees, amemo detailing the generous proposals and urging thatthe university provide any additional working capitalneeded.But despite the offers by Wood and the persuasivememos from Benton, the university trustees were divided.The proposed gift. Wood's liberal terms, and the question of putting up working capital constituted the soletopics of discussion at many special trustees' meetingsin the closing months of 1942. Some considered it "a deadhorse" and recalled the times when the company hadapproached utter ruin. Others argued that the universitycould not successfully run a business of this kind, thatit was too volatile and too speculative an enterprise, thatuniversity ownership would be "the dead hand of disaster at its neck." The salesmen who sold the Encyclopaedia Britannica, some feared, would prove embarrassing when they invoked the university's name in theirpresentations to prospects. William Scott Bond, theboard's vice-chairman, issued a circular letter to all thetrustees expressing doubts whether the trustees of theuniversity — indeed, of any private university — had thelegal right to put up working capital and to underwritethe responsibility of a business involving financial risks.Benton argued that if it was legal for the universityto buy common stocks, it was legal to put money intoEncyclopaedia Britannica stock. He recalled that Woodhad told him, "Bill, don't pay too much attention to thefinancial record of the business under Sears. If you willinterest yourself in it and go to work on it, you can buildit. Tell that to your trustees. Tell them this is a fivemillion dollar gift."XTLs 1942 drew to a close and Wood's deadline approached, Hutchins lost heart. Riding home with Bentonone night after an especially prolonged discussion witha special board committee at the Chicago Club, he sighedand told Benton, "Bill, they're going to turn it down."In the face of this and in view of Wood's ultimatumthat the offer would be withdrawn on the approachingJanuary 31, Benton made a gambler's decision. He hadjust received $100,000 in payment for his preferred stockin Benton and Bowles. He offered to put up this $100,000as working capital. Besides, he agreed to become chairman of the board of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., andFEBRUARY, 1958 5to take personal responsibility for its management anddevelopment.A special committee of trustees set out to study thisproposal. Hutchins urged acceptance, suggesting thatbecause Benton was furnishing the $100,000 and was toassume all the risks and responsibilities, he should havecommon stock in the company. In this, Hutchins had thesupport of Harold Swift. Hutchins stressed, too, that theUniversity of Chicago was "the logical repository" ofthe Encyclopaedia Britannica, He was interested, he toldthe trustees, not merely in having the university makemoney but in bringing the institution and the publication together for education's sake.At this critical point — one year to the day of that December 9, Chicago Club luncheon — Wood increased hisoffer once more. He informed Benton that because hisfirm stood high in the excess profits tax brackets, histreasurer had advised him to make the $300,000 in inventory an oxitright gift. "He'll give us the whole thing,lock, stock, and barrel," exulted Benton in a memo toHutchins. "No notes and no payment for inventory,"Now there were new meetings and new discussionsas Wood's deadline neared. More trustees were wonover to Benton's proposal, now that working capital wasassured by him and the university could avoid responsibility for management. On January 14, 1943, only twoweeks before the deadline, the special committee recommended to the full board acceptance of the gift and ofBenton's proposal "because of a) the educational meritof Britannica, b) the possibility that the property maycontinue to earn substantial profits and c) the prestigevalue of Britannica." i n the official contracts signed on February 1, the stockdivision and royalty schedules were established. Theroyalties to be paid, Benton hoped, would ultimatelycome to hundreds of thousands of dollars annually.The common stock was divided into thirds. Becausehe was providing the working capital, Benton was giventwo -thirds of the stock and the University of Chicagoone-third. But the University of Chicago was given theoption of buying half of Benton's stock after eighteenmonths of operation for $50,000, just what Benton hadpaid, thereby giving to it two- thirds of the stock.The university, for its further protection, was givenpreferred stock equal to $850,000 in prior claims againstassets in event of liquidation. This was approximatelythe asset value of the company when Benton began tooperate.It was agreed that three of the nine directors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., should be university trustees,and that the company would not enter into new ventureswithout the consent of at least two of such members.Benton was not to dispose of his own stock without firstoffering it to the university. Later he proposed andsigned a contract stating that, in the event of his death,the university would have the option for one year thereafter of buying enough stock from his family to give itcontrol, the price to be "the fair value thereof."In a long letter to Swift, Benton assured him that hewould strive to make Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., athriving company."If the Britannica venture does not work out successfully for the University," wrote Benton, "I shall carry¦ V: ¦'¦>¦¦¦¦¦'** /''Vs"-^*.^fe/5- ..;>-^<,^ '%££?*?#$/(* *&*- iU^-<*-'^'v\^, -'^:^- ¥^^^^0-'^•$&*#p^A meeting of the Board of Directors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., with William Benton presiding.6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPhotograph by Mike SheaMeeting of the Britannica Board of Editors in 1953. (Clockwise) Richard P. McKeon, William Benton, Robert C. Preble,Ralph Tyler, Robert M. Hutchins, chairman, John Dodge, Walter Yust, A. E. Dolphin (retired) and the late John Seal.the responsibility and may lose $100,000. If it does workout successfully, the University can acquire two -thirdsof the stock ownership leaving me with a minority interest which, as business experience indicates, is often oflittle value in a corporation run for the benefit of themajority owners."Soon the myriad technicalities were smoothed out andHutchins made formal acknowledgment: "It is a development closely related to the university's interest inextending educational facilities to the widest possiblenumber." To explain the contract between the universityand Benton, he summoned the faculty to a meeting inMandel Hall. There Hutchins enumerated the effortsmade by Benton to acquire working capital and citedthe financial gains that he hoped would accrue to theUniversity. And in his writty way, after noting that Benton had finally put up the working capital himself, heremarked, "Vice-president Benton was the victim of hisown propaganda."xjLt first some of the executives of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., were skeptical about the merits of theaffiliation . . . few had been aware of the lengthy negotiations. It soon became evident that there was scantcause for apprehension.Benton was named chairman of a revised board ofdirectors that included, in addition to Hutchins, M. Lincoln Schuster, the book publisher; Paul G. Hoffman, headof the Studebaker Company; John Stuart, board chairman of the Quaker Oats Company; Beardsley Ruml, thesocial scientist and fiscal expert; Henry R, Luce, andChester Bowles, A board of editors was established;it was to meet four times annually with Yust (WalterYust, editor-in-chief) and his managing editor, JohnV. Dodge, to discuss policies and procedures rangingfrom the feasibility of publishing reading guides forencyclopaedia owners to specific improvements in themethods of continuous revision. At its head was Hutchins, and foremost among its members were the University of Chicago's professors Robert Redfield, Richard McKeon and Ralph Tyler, respectively authorities inanthropology, philosophy, and education.In mid-1944, the University of Chicago trustees wereobliged to decide whether to take advantage of the institution's option to buy for $50,000 half of Benton's stock,thereby getting two-thirds ownership of the company.A negative decision was quickly reached.Benton had assumed that if the company thrived theuniversity would exercise its option, and he would thenbecome the minority stockholder. The company hadprospered in sales and profits beyond all anticipations,already the university had received over $300,000 inroyalties, but the option was now rejected. A new argument had implemented the old fear of having the university become responsible for the Encyclopaedia Britannica: The university was doing so well through itsaffiliation and benefiting so handsomely from the company's prosperity that any change in the relationshipwas thought unwise.JL here were some easy explanations for this prosperity.Since the start of World War II, in contrast to problems that had brought Horace Hooper close to ruin inthe First World War, sales had risen, as they did, in fact,for most encyclopaedias. And they continued to rise forthe duration of the war. Only paper shortages and insufficient printing and binding facilities prevented amore rapid increase. This boom resulted from war-swollen incomes and a lack of durable consumer goods;thousands of persons who had always wanted a top-quality reference work now found themselves able to affordand acquire one. Exempt from governmental credit regulations, encyclopaedia makers tightened their terms andstill acquired scores of more customers.As gross sales mounted, so did net profits. And thisprosperity, in the opinion of some of Encyclopaedia Bri-tannicas top executives, seemed destined to continueindefinitely. They held to this view even after the warended, when a slow shift should have been anticipatedin mass consumer buying toward the kind of goods hardFEBRUARY, 1958 7to get or unavailable during the war — automobiles, refrigerators, radios, vacuum cleaners.In 1946, estimates based on accelerated sales in thewar years were that annual gross sales of the Encyclopaedia Britannica for the following year would amountto close to $32 million. Consequently, orders were placedfor paper and for the printing of enough sets to coverthis anticipated demand.But as the year drew to a close it became evidentthat the estimates had been unrealistically high. Saleshad begun to fall off and large numbers of uncollectibleinstalment accounts were accumulating fast. The prospects for 1947 looked far less attractive than a few monthsearlier, and it was too late for cutbacks and reductionsin orders given to R. H. Donnelley and Sons. Yet, eventhis overestimate in printing requirements would havebeen of small import — in the reference book field, swolleninventories can be worked off with a little time — had itnot been for another larger, and far more critical problem.JCiver since the days in Great Britain when HoraceHooper had instituted time-payment plans with his saleof The Times reprint of the ninth edition, most purchasershad paid by monthly instalments. By 1946, more than80 per cent of the Encyclopaedia Britannica owners werein this category, and their payments constituted the principal source of incoming cash for the company.Before turning over the Encyclopaedia Britannica toBenton and the University of Chicago, Sears, Roebuckand Company had provided various important services:financing, supervision of the production, supervision ofaccounting and credit passing and of collections. Thevital credit-and-collection services, it was agreed at thetime of the 1943 transfer, would be maintained for atleast five more years through the six hundred Sears,Roebuck retail stores, each staffed with people trainedand experienced in this work. From 1943 through 1946,Sears, Roebuck credit staff saw to it that bills were sentpromptly, that monthly payments were made on time,and that when accounts fell behind, appropriate stepswere instituted to collect on them.At World War II's end, General Wood was eager toexpand his merchandising operations. Because he wouldrequire his capital and his credit people for this expansion, he asked E. H. Powell — then president of the E.B.company — if Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., could assumeits own credit-and-collections operations as soon as possible, instead of waiting for the five-year deadline specified in the 1943 contract. Aware that no preparations hadbeen made by the encyclopaedia company to train oracquire sufficient personnel to assume this importantphase of the business, Wood told Powell, "I'll send ourpeople over to train your people." Powell agreed to theplan.AN December, 1946, more than a year before terminationof the 1943 agreement, the shift started. Ninety skilledcredit-and-collection employees were transferred fromSears, Roebuck to the Encyclopaedia Britannica office totrain workers assigned to or hired especially for the newundertaking. They stayed for about three months, thenreturned to their own jobs. The force that remained wassupposed to be sufficiently trained. But it was soon alarmingly apparent that the trainingperiod had been far too brief. Moreover, no such group,however well trained, could be expected to duplicate thecredit-and-collection of some six hundred on-the-spotcredit managers in Sears, Roebuck's far-flung stores.Within two months after April, 1947, the new systembroke down so badly that the customary envelopes forforwarding payments were not even being sent out. Collections dropped off by hundreds of thousands of dollarsmonthly. Scores of customers made their payments voluntarily, but often when their money reached the mainoffice, no one knew where to put it or to which accountsto credit it. In addition, with local credit controls relaxed,many salesmen took orders from customers who werepoor or, at best, marginal credit risks.By the early fall of 1947, it was evident that not onlywas the collection system in a state of disintegration butsales were far below estimates. And R. R. Donnelley andSons, in the midst of its own expansion program, wasasking for payment of a printing bill of $400,000.That September, when Benton resigned as AssistantSecretary of State with commendation for his servicesfrom Secretary of State Marshall and President Truman,he left Washington accompanied by Harry Houghton,president of Muzak Corporation and a member of Encyclopaedia's Board of Directors since 1945. On the trip toChicago he told Houghton the essential facts of the crisisand asked him to undertake a swift survey. Canadian-born, in his mid-forties, Houghton had a reputation forsalvaging ailing companies.V>Fnce in Chicago, Houghton examined ledgers andaccount books. He talked to Powell and Louis G.Schoenewald (head of sales) and with lesser executiveswhose warnings had not always been heeded. Unable toborrow on inventory, Houghton managed to get the company out of some of its commitments for printing andpaper. Officials at the University listened patiently andsympathetically to the details of the company's plight andagreed to forego immediate payment of royalties, accepting long-term debentures for the $468,000 due that year.(Since 1943 the university had already received $1,408,944in royalties, which had been assigned to its general education fund.) From the sale of surplus stocks of paper,$92,000 was procured.At a board meeting the following January, Powell reported the dire news: total sales for 1947 would amountto $16,428,000, about half what had been predicted earlier.Benton loaned the company $351,000 of his own moneyand this, together with other assets that could be gatheredimmediately, enabled payment of the Donnelley bill, theonly one overdue.Yet all this was not enough. Significant changes had tobe made in the tottering credit-and-collection system.Against the objections of Schoenewald and other executives who insisted that this specific problem would somehow solve itself, Houghton set out to revamp the operation. To supervise the reorganization, he installed RobertConger, the firm's operating manager in charge of manufacturing, processing, and warehousing since 1945.One of the first of the Houghton- Conger proposals wasto require that all monthly payments for sets be collectedthrough the local division sales offices scattered over theContinued on Page 168 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBm. 2 1942 START-UPOfFIRST SELF -SUSTAINING CHAIN REACTIONNEUTRON INTENSITY IN THE PILE AS RECOUPED BY A GALVANOMETER01 * m:uxJ . v^i, XArgonne Notional Laboratory photographWhite mark on graph cuts out word "secret," a change required by Atomic Energy Commission rules, since the graph is no longer classified.BIRTH On December 2, 1942, man achieved here thefirst self-sustaining chain reaction and therebyinitiated the controlled release of nuclear energy.LEGEND ON COMMEMORATIVE PLAQUECERTIFICATEof theAtomic Age AS THE years go by, fewer andfewer relics of the historic eventwhich sounded the trumpet-call of anew era in the history of man remain.The West Stand of Stagg Field, underwhich the first self-sustaining nuclearchain reaction took place, has beentorn down. Chicago Pile No. 1 standsno more although it was reassembledin Argonne Forest Preserve, PalosPark (former site of the Argonne National Laboratory), and operated forten years before it was dismantledin 1954.While numerous records and reports of the world's first atomic "pile"exist, the most historic document ofall lay yellowing with age and mighteventually have been lost to posteritywere it not for the timely suggestionof Dr. Norman Hilberry, director ofArgonne National Laboratory. It isa section of graph paper, approximately one foot in length that properlymay be called the "birth certificate"of the atomic age. In lines marked by a pen movingagainst a revolving drum, the document recorded the . precise momentof mankind's first successful atomicchain reaction on December 2, 1942.The graph traces the sequence ofevents as the first nuclear reactor,CP-1, was brought to its critical stageby the late Enrico Fermi and hiscolleagues on the racquets court under the West Stand. Terse notations inFermi's handwriting record the crucial stages: when the control rodswere removed; how the intensityleveled to indicate that the nuclearpile was not yet "critical;" how therecord dropped sharply due to achange in the scale of the recordinginstrument; when the self-sustainingreaction took place, and the sharpdrop in the neutron intensity due toinsertion of a control rod.Stationed at various posts about thepile and from a balcony ten feetabove the racquets court floor, forty -two scientists witnessed the ignitingFEBRUARY, 1958 9of the pioneer atomic fire on that coldDecember afternoon fifteen years ago.Fermi, who was the Charles H.Swift Distinguished Service Professor of Physics at the University, saidlater, "The event was not spectacular;no fuses burned, no lights flashed."Like all scientific achievements, hesaid, its history began "with man'sfirst philosophical speculations aboutthe nature of the universe. Its ultimate consequences are still unpredictable."One of the scientists present wasHerbert L. Anderson, Professor ofPhysics, recently appointed Directorof the Enrico Fermi Institute forNuclear Studies (see QuadrangleNews). Anderson, then one of Professor Fermi's proteges and one oftwo men in charge of building thepile, recalls:"What happened was like a rehearsed performance. Fermi— now inthe center of the stage — had calculatedso exactly the whole behavior of thepile that he could announce beforehand the response . . . Fermi announced he would make the pile gocritical . , , we held our breath , . .somewhat alarmed at the rapid clicking . . . Fermi waited just a bit longerand then gave the order to throw inthe controls . . . How promptly theactivity fell off. The chain reaction—what a well behaved giant it was!"During the war, the graph recording the event was kept in the secretarchives of the U.S. Army's Manhattan District, which administeredthe atomic project. Then, it was placedin the personal files of Walter H. Zinn,now head of General Nuclear Engineering Company in Florida, and Hilberry, as the Argonne National Laboratory was established, Zinn wasArgonne's first director.Early this year, Argonne officialsdecided that the yellowing graphchart should be preserved in suitablefashion. It had been glued temporarily to a backing board. Becausethis adhesive had hardened and caked,the graph itself was discolored andin danger of deterioration.Hilberry turned the task over toDean E. Dalquist, superintendent ofthe Graphic Arts Division at Argonne.Dalquest took the problem to HaroldTribolet, manager of R. H. Donnelley& Sons Company's world famoushand bindery. One of the principaltasks performed in this departmentis the restoration of rare books and documents of historic value.Skilled craftsmen in the departmentstripped the fragile paper off itsbacking and with a combination ofchemical solvents softened and removed the disintegrating adhesive. Awheat flour paste, chosen for its purityand permanence, was used to fastenthe precious document to a new all-rag backing board.The restored graph was then sealedinto an air-tight container of clearfilter plastic. As an additional protection against strong light, a sheetof yellow filter plastic was placedagainst the face of the graph. According to Donnelley experts, thecompleted unit, placed in a metalframe, will last indefinitely.The priceless piece of paper, onceclassified "secret" because of its importance in the development of theatomic bomb, now restored andmounted hangs in a reactor exhibitroom in the building housing ChicagoPile 5, the Argonne research reactor.CP-5 is a "descendant" of CP-1.On May 18, 1955, the U.S. PatentOffice issued Patent No. 2,708,656 tothe U.S. Atomic Energy Commission for this first pile, naming Fermi andLeo Szilard, now professor of Biophysics at the University, as joint inventors.From that first pile— an orderly 21-foot cube, constructed of a lattice ofgraphite bricks and uranium, havedeveloped seventy -four reactors nowoperated for research in physics,fission, radioactive isotopes, and as theheat source for pilot electric powerstations. According to the 1957 annual report of the AEC, forty- sixmore are being built and ninety-fourothers are planned.Most of the forty-two participantsand witnesses to atomic energy's birthsubsequently were transferred to thenew atomic installations at LosAlamos and Oak Ridge, or to otherlaboratories.Two of the group have been takenby death: Louis A. Slotin, a Canadianeducated physicist, who died as theresult of a radiation accident at LosAlamos in 1946; and Fermi, Nobellaureate, who died of cancer in 1954.Four are still with the Universityof Chicago in the Enrico Fermi Insti-Continued on Page 22*/The late Enrico Fermi10Photograph by Cal Ben:-''--:To learn the shape of manBEHAVIORAL SCIENTISTS LEAHN AND LIVE TOGETHER AT UNIQUE CENTER FOR ADVANCED STUDY\Jf N TOP of a wooded knoll a mile west of Leland Stanford University campus, a meeting place for scholarsopened its doors for the first time in September, 1954.Each year, fifty selected students of human behavior comeon postdoctoral fellowships to study individually and withothers in seeking to broaden and deepen their competence.Established by the Ford Foundation, the Center forAdvanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences is unique.Nothing like it has been attempted before in the socialsciences. The Institute for Advanced Study at Princetonemphasizes mostly mathematics and physical sciences andhas little provision for consultation across the boundariesof specialized fields. Here at the center, economists,political scientists, psychiatrists, biologists, sociologists,statisticians and anthropologists work together to analyzefurther the essential problem of man: why do people actas they do; what are the underlying motivations and influences?In the mornings, the fellows pursue their individualstudies isolated monkishly in secluded offices turned outward toward the lonely, lovely California landscape. Inthe afternoons, they repair together in central meetingrooms or small work groups to correlate and confer, ormeet to converse informally with other scholars.There is no formal program. The w'hole idea of thecenter is to allow scholars complete freedom to workon any project they choose and in an atmosphere andenvironment devoid of pressure and conducive to re-11lit.;. V.'.. :>'^': ' TO LEARN THE SHAPE OF MANcontinuedlaxed and extended concentration. An important featureol the fellowships is their duration over an entire academic year.Director of the center is Chicago's Ralph W. Tyler,former Dean of Social Sciences. Tyler is on leave ofabsence from the University as Professor of Education,having resigned his deanship to head the Palo Alto center. His assistant is Preston Cutler, who was his assistant at Chicago and was once secretary to formerchancellor Hutchins.Says Tyler of the plan: "We've hit on one thing thatwas sensed by the members of the original planning committee. Although universities are the best places ingeneral for promoting research and knowledge, facultymembers are under pressure to use and to do what theyalready do and know best. This makes it difficult tobroaden their connections. They feel they are employedto capitalize on what they know best."Theoretically a university is a community of scholarswhere you briivjj in people in related fields to work together, but actually it is not. Two people can be in thesame department, working in the same area and be sobusy they rarely see each other."The most common reaction we get from the scholarswho come here is delight at having so much time whichis uninterrupted."In the first five years of its existence, the center willhave received two hundred thirty fellows, coming fromsome sixty eight different institutions from the UnitedStates and abroad. Largest number from a single schoolwill have been from Harvard, with twenty-seven. Chicago is second, with twenty three. In descending orderare Columbia, sixteen: Yale, thirteen; University of California (Berkeley), twelve: Michigan, thirteen, and Stanford, eight, with other institutions accounting for theremaining number.LEFT: George Stigler, PhD '38, Professor of Economics,Columbia University, and Chicago's Professor Milton Friedman, AM '33. on leave of absence from the Department ofEconomics, chat withProfessor C, G. F, Sim-........ ..... kin, a visitor from Auckland University CollegeDepartment of Economics, University of NewZealand, BELOW: Viewof central complex.S:ii£&&Photographs byCal Bernstein12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE¦* !flllf< *^-, 4 £B^-^«,i^%,iW^ $»#.•$¦•Professor Ralph W. Tyler, PhD '27. Director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, on leave ofabsence from the Department of Education confers with his administrative assistant, Preston Cutler '36Fellows gather in cafeteria for coffee breakContinued on next pageFEBRUARY, 1958 13TO LEARN THE SHAPE OF MANcontinuedTypical of the reaction to the center is that of TheodoreW. Schultz, Charles L. Hutchinson Distinguished ServiceProfessor and Chairman of the Economics Department ofthe University. Schultz, one of five fellows from Chicagoat the center during 1956-57, said: "For me, the centerprovided a year of close to the best possible conditions.I was afraid there would be some sort of program; therew^as none. The scholars are entirely on their own. I alsohad some misgivings about interruptions and thus wasextremely pleased to find that a scholar in his study wassacred; no one interrupted him, either outsiders 01* fellows. This combination of complete freedom, shelter fromgraduate students and administrative duties, and yetavailability of excellent facilities, research assistants andextraordinary intellectual companions gave me a valuableyear in which I could rebuild my intellectual capital."Schultz, for the past four to five years, has been studying the question: where does economic growth comefrom? and has a Ford grant supporting a fairly largestaff working on the problem in South America. Duringhis year at the center, he reviewed the theory dealingwith the question; found it inadequate. He now believeshe may have broken through the problem with a theory ofeconomic growth which will work for all countries.At the center during the current academic year areBrainerd Currie, Professor of Law; David Easton, Professor of Political Science; Milton Friedman, Professor ofEconomics; Benson E. Ginsburg, Professor and Chairmanof the Natural Science Staff in the College; Louis Gottschalk, Professor of History, and Milton Singer, PaulKlapper Professor of Social Sciences in the College andof Anthropology.Photographs by Cal Bernstein... :^%.Fritz Stern, presently of Columbia University Departmentof History, is a fellow memberat the center Philip Reiff, AB '46, AM '47, PhD '54, As-sistant Professor of Political Scienceand Sociology, Brandies University, isa fellow alumnus at center14"'. $$'i'$:'**\ ^':^< "¦n. ;:*:*&$WBwli:<OUTDOOR LUNCH (left) on November 25, a cold day in Chicago, a warm dayat Palo Alto, is enjoyed by (clockwise) Brainerd Currie, Professor of Law;ithie! de Sola Pool, AB *38f AM '39, PhD ?52, Professor of Political Science,Massachusetts Institute of Technology; David A. Hamburg, M.D., PsychiatryDepartment, Michael Reese Hospital; Preston Cutler, ?36? administrative assistant; Frank A. Beach, PhD '40, Professor of Psychology, Yale University,and David Easton, Professor of Political Science, AFTER LUNCH DARTS(above) provide ready relaxation for Easton, shown scoring, and his fellowcolleagues at the center. Easton and Currie are on a year's leave of absencefrom the University of Chicago on fellowship at the center,Milton Singer, PhD ?40, Paul Klapper Professor of Social Sciences in the College and Department of Anthropology,visits with fellow and alumnus Howard M. Jones, AM ?I5, Professor of Literature, Harvard University15BENTON'S GAMBLE continued from Page 8United States instead of by the Chicago headquarters.There were other differences of opinion. Basic disagreements grew in virulence. Early in 1948 Powell resigned. Named to succeed him, Houghton sent letters ofinstruction to each of the company's sixteen divisionmanagers, and he also made personal visits to key division offices. "You've been salesmen up to now and onlysalesmen," was Houghton's message. "Now you must besalesmen and executives. From now on you're responsible for collections as well as for sales in your areas.The better the collections on the sales that your menmake, the better the credit risks and the higher yourcommissions and your net earnings."In the spring of 1949, Schoenewald's resignation wasaccepted: Paul E. Seaman, the company's division manager in New York, was transferred to Chicago to replacehim as vice president in charge of sales.BLoughton had carried out his assigned task well.Within six months the company, aided further by stringent economies, cautious budgeting, and a reduction inthe working staff, was steady once more. But despite theprogress, Houghton told Benton that what was reallyneeded now to head the company was a top -flight operating executive with extensive experience in the encyclopaedia business. After a survey of candidates during 1949,the choice narrowed to three and finally to one, RobertC. Preble, a veteran in the specialized world of subscription book publishing.As the new president, Preble reversed or abandonedvarious personnel and administrative procedures, reassigned responsibilities in accordance with his own estimate of an individual's talents and experience, and established, unlike most of his predecessors, a practice of discussing general policies fully with department heads andsubordinates. He kept the prices of both the Encyclopaedia Britannica and Britannica Junior from advancingin the next half dozen years — despite increases in thecosts of paper, printing and binding — by insisting that thevarious firms involved in their manufacture develop moreefficient production techniques. As a result of variouseconomies, funds became available for a stronger editorial-revision program.J_ he company's health has improved year by year sincethe crisis of 1947-48. Stock earnings are plowed back tobe used for sales expansion and improvement of various ventures. A striking indication of its condition has beenthe amount of royalty payments and other cash benefitsgiven to the University of Chicago under the contract of1943. Toward the end of 1955, Benton in a letter toGeneral Wood, reporting on the company's financialstanding and the piling up of annual royalties for theuniversity commented: "Larry Kimpton (Lawrence E.Kimpton, the University President) not long ago told methat the Britannica is going to rank in university annalsas the university's second largest donor, second only toJohn D. Rockefeller."Early in 1957, the university canceled its option to buythe block of stock which would have given it, at Benton'sdeath, control of the company, and the encyclopaediacompany paid more than $2 million to retire the university's preferred shares and remaining debentures. In apersonal report to the trustees, Benton noted that forthat very year the university's cash income from theaffiliation would amount to $700,000, bringing to $4 millionits total share from the fifteen-year association. He alsopredicted that if sales volume remained at existing highlevels the university would derive another $4 million overthe next five years. Whereupon the trustees respondedwith a resolution of appreciation, describing the historyof the affiliation since 1943 as "a brilliant and inspiringstory of achievement" and citing Benton and his associates for "their capable operation of this fine businessenterprise and for the remarkable contribution that theirefforts have made to the growth and development of theUniversity of Chicago and to education in general."Avowed realists in an enterprise that must compete oncommercial levels without debilitating its standards andreputation, the executives of Encyclopaedia Britannica,Inc., are aware of the basic causes — beyond the financialand managerial skills of its operating officials — for thestatus that has been maintained and, in recent years,strengthened.The first is the quality of the Encyclopaedia Britannicaitself, the responsibility of many editorial executives andtheir aides and advisers — scholars, educators, and scientists — assorted authorities from the greatest universitiesof the English-speaking nations, and thousands of contributors from all over the world.And the second is the special abilities of the people whosell the Encyclopaedia Britannica.We gratefully acknowledge permission of the University of Chicago Press, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., and author HermanKogan to reproduce the foregoing from his forthcoming E.B. — THEENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA AND ITS MAKERS.The Encyclopaedia Britannicais published with the editorial advice and consultationof the faculties of The University of Chicagoand of a committee of members of the faculties of Oxford, Cambridgeand London universitiesLET KNOWLEDGE GROW FROM MORE TO MOREAND THUS BE HUMAN LIFE ENRICHED."16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINELaw Building BegunWork has begun on the four-million-dollar Law7 School Building, to occupy a full block south of the Midwaybetween University and Greenwoodavenues facing on 60th street, andjust east of Burton-Judson residencehalls.The American Bar Center, headquarters and research center of theAmerican Bar Association, is on 60thjust east of the site, and the "1313"building, housing twenty-five agencies concerned with technical and administrative aspects of government,is another block to the east of that.The main structure of the LawSchool will be six stories in height,housing the library, stacks, facultyoffices, student lounge, and publicrooms. This unit will be set well back Anthropological MeetingA sizable percentage of the stellarfigures of American anthropologymet at the Palmer House in December for the 56th annual meeting ofthe American Anthropological Association. Sol Tax, Chairman of theAnthropology Department, directedthe meeting, which was the largestin the association's history.Other Chicago faculty from anthropology and related fields attending included Sherwood Washburn,Julian Pitt-Rivers, T. W. Schultz,Phillip Hauser, Norman McQuown,McKim Marriott, Manning Nash, Milton Singer, Chauncy Harris, PeterRossi, Eric Hamp, Joseph Schwab,Robert Hess, Sylvia Thrupp, EdwardBanfield, J. S. Slotkin, Phillip Wagner, and Bernard Cohn. Roosevelt ment, achievement in literature or thearts, social question, or an aspect ofpopular culture and life.New Biological JournalA new journal, Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, sponsored by theDivision of the Biological Sciences,has recently produced its first issue.The objective of the publication willbe "to publish papers that enlargebiological horizons and bring specificmedical problems into perspectivewith investigative work on life-processes." Its orientation, "will be toward man and his illnesses, but withappreciation of the fact that the rootsof medical theory reach into all fieldsof biology." The magazine will havea willingness to draw material fromany discipline that can offer a newNEWS OF THE QUADRANGLEStoward 61st street, and will have anorth-south element adjoining on theeast, for class and seminar rooms.This section will connect with asaw-toothed facaded building elliptical in shape, having an auditoriumseating 475, and a large court roomfor moot trials. The courtroom willbe named in honor of Weymouth J.Kirkland, distinguished Chicago lawyer. One of architect Eero Saarinen'strademarks, a large reflecting pool,will be between the main structureand 60th street. University sent St. Clair Drake andRose Hum Lee.Papers were presented by severalgraduate students at Chicago.TV Program"All Things Considered," a Channel11 television program produced bythe University, has resumed its regular place on Thursdays at 9:30 p.m.Like its predecessor, "The University of Chicago Roundtable," eachprogram looks into some political oreconomic question, scientific develop- insight into biological questions.With Dr, Dwight J. Ingle, Professor of Physiology, and S. O. Waife, ofIndianapolis, as editors, the journalalso has advisory and editorial boardswith members located at leadingmedical centers throughout theworld.The first issue (Autumn 1957) offers "Some Considerations RegardingBiochemical Genetics in Man," byHerman M. Kalckar; "Medical Teaching by a Non-Medical Specialist," byC. Judson Herriek; "Ten Years of• -^£ %» iij &k Vi • W rW jjj «& 3ft» .-jSy B*. op .t f * *? & *fi § -« ^illliillilllllModel of new six-story Law School building showing Burton-Judson dorms in right foregroundFEBRUARY, 1958 17(Vrt/- Williams. T of C track star, crossing finish line at recent meetCreative Group Therapy," by GeorgeDay; and articles by M. S. Goldsteinand E. R. Ramey, Russell Meyers, M.E. Krahl, Roger J. Williams, andLawrence S. Kubie.The journal is published by theUniversity Press. Inquiries shouldbe addressed to the Press.African Exchange ProgramThree American universities. Chicago, Yale, and the University ofCalifornia at Los Angeles, will cooperate in a research and trainingprogram with African institutions ofhigher learning south of the Sahara.The program is being financedthrough a grant of $245,000 from theFord Foundation.Each year for three academic yearsbeginning in 1958-59, seven facultymembers and four graduate studentswill be exchanged. Professors wallstay six months, thus losing only theirvacation and three months from theirregular duties. Students will staynine to fifteen months.Members of the faculties of thethree cooperating American universities have conducted extensive research in Afiica.Edwin S. Munger, Research Associate of the University holding therank of Associate Professor, and anAssociate of the American Universities Field Staff in Africa, will be coordinator of the program. Chicagowill be the fiscal administrator.Named to Defense PostA. Adrian Albert, SB '26, SM '27,PhD '28, Professor of Mathematics,has been appointed to the SteeringGroup of the General Science panelof the Assistant Secretary of Defense.Function of the group is to formulatepolicies for the larger panel whichadvises the secretary as to allocationsfor scientific research.Albert, a member of the facultysince 1931, is an authority on modernhigher algebra. He has served on thepanel since 1953, and from 1948 to1951 was a member of the mathematics advisory committee of theOffice of Naval Research.("lass on the Gifted ChildThe Downtown Center began aspecial lecture series in January designed especially for the parents andteachers of gifted children. One groupis meeting in Evanston, and one inJudd Hall on campus. The Long RunThe U of C Track Club was host tothe National Amateur Athletic UnionSenior 10,000-meter (six and a quarter miles) Cross Country Championship in December. The meet was heldin Washington Park. A field of 50top distance runners from the UnitedStates and Canada competed.The team title went back to theNew York AC with a low point scoreof 45. Pushing them all the way andfinishing second with 48 points wasthe UCTC. Houston (Tex.) TrackClub finished third with 54 points.The Toronto (Canada) Olympic Clubplaced fourth with 65.Gar Williams, newcomer to theUniversity's team this year, finishedseventh in the individual rankings.In the regular season collegiate meets,the Maroons won five and lost five,with Williams going undefeatedthroughout and establishing new varsity records for the three- and four-mile cross country races.George Works DiesGeorge Alan Works, Emeritus Professor of Education and Dean of Students, died December 13, in Ridge-wood, N. J. An outstanding authorityon higher education, Works was Deanof Students from 1931 until his retirement in 1942. Before that he had beenDean of the Graduate Library School,had taught at Wisconsin, Minnesota,and Cornell, and was President, Connecticut Agriculture College. Education in the Satellite Era"The fields of learning not concerned with immediate or foreseeableweapons must be protected," declaredWilliam Bloom recently.Bloom, Professor of Anatomy andBiophysics, addressed the DecemberGraduating Class on the "new era,"brought on by the launching of man-made earth satellites, and the widespread reappraisal of Americaneducation it has initiated."With demands for more technologists to produce advanced weapons,"he said, "there are also voices stressing the need for more theoreticalscience, (but) we cannot afford topermit crash programs to interferewith either the advance of science orstudy in the social sciences andhumanities."". . . At all costs, directed lines ofthinking for scientists and the wholepopulation must be prevented. Norcan science be perverted for politicalends, for this will doom science," hewarned."The really irreplaceable teachers,and the Darwins, Pasteurs, Freuds,Rutherfords, and Fermis cannot bemade by any sort of program. Thebest the country can do is to deviseconditions under which all such individuals are free to develop."Further, Bloom said, "The UnitedStates must realize that the solutionof certain technological problemsimmediately ahead of us is not18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEenough." He insisted that today"even more than scientists, the nationneeds men of wisdom and vision,men who understand what is happening in the world and are not continually being taken by surprise byliving history."New AppointmentsHerbert L. Anderson, Professor ofPhysics, has succeeded Samuel K.Allison as Director of the EnricoFermi Institute for Nuclear Studies.Anderson designed the University'slarge 450 million electron volt synchrocyclotron, and has been directingits operation since its completion in1951, mainly for the study of mesons.Allison resigned as director of theinstitute to devote more time to hisstudies of low energy particles. Heis the designer of the kevatron, andcurrently is studying the nucleartransformation of such light elementsas deuterium and boron.Both men had key roles in theachievement of the first controllednuclear chain reaction at Stagg Fieldand in the development of the atomicbomb at Los Alamos, and were present at the historic operation of theworld's first pile on the Midway, December 2, 1942.• * •Dr. Robert G. Page, Assistant Professor of Medicine, has been appointed to the new post of Assistant Deanin charge of the Medical Curriculum.He joined the faculty in 1953, afterserving from '51 to '53 as VisitingProfessor of Pharmacology at theUniversity of Rangoon.• » •Edward H. Gilbert, Assistant Director of the Midwest AdministrationCenter, has been appointed AssistantProfessor and Assistant Director ofField Services in the Department ofEducation. He was at one time Coordinator of Teacher Education forthe Oklahoma State Department ofEducation.• • •Fred A. Replogle, founding partnerof the firm of Rohrer, Hibler, andReplogle, has been elected Chairmanof the Board of Directors of the Chicago Theological Seminary. He wasformerly a member of the board, andof CTS's Board of Associates.• * •Two internationally known scholars of Buddhism have been namedvisiting Professors of the History of Religions. They are U Pe MaungTin, acting Director of the Institutefor the Study of Buddhism in Burmaand former President of RangoonUniversity; and Ichiro Hori, Japanesescholar who just completed a year asa Visiting Professor at Harvard University. The appointments are thefirst made under a new program ofinterreligious and intercultural exchange between the Federated Theological Faculty and Oriental Universities.Herbert L. AndersonArgonne Summer CoursesFor the second year, ArgonneNational Laboratory will provide anopportunity for high school teachersto review the fundamentals of nuclearenergy and to be made aware of thelatest developments in this field ofscience. Four sessions, each spanninga two-and-one-half-week period, willbe offered.The courses are tentatively set torun from June 9 through August 27,with final dates dependent on thenumber of teachers enrolled for eachsession. Tentative dates are June 9through 25, June 30 through July 17,July 21 through August 6, and August11 through 27.The teachers will hear lectures byArgonne scientists and will performexperiments dealing with physics,chemistry, biology, and metallurgy,all as related to atomic energy.Sponsored by the Argonne chapterof the Scientific Research Society ofAmerica, the courses were organized to help narrow the gap between thetraining of many high school teachersand the current state of scientificknowledge.Forty midwestern high school andjunior college teachers attended thefirst two courses conducted atArgonne last summer.Inquiries about the courses shouldbe directed to Dr. Earl W. Phelan,Laboratory Director's Office, ArgonneNational Laboratory, P.O. Box 299,Lemont, 111. Sole expense will be a$10 individual registration fee. Participating teachers will be expectedto provide their own housing accommodations in the Chicago area.Argonne is operated by the University of Chicago under contract withthe Atomic Energy Commission andemploys a staff of 2,700 in researchand related activities.Faculty and Students HonoredDr. Paul Talalay, Associate Professor of Biochemistry, has won theTheobald Smith Award in MedicalSciences for his discovery and isolation of enzymes involved in the utilization of sex hormones by the body.His experiments indicate that without these enzymes, present in certaincells of the body, sex hormones cannot act. So far two of these enzymeshave been used in the clinical diagnosis of some cancers and metabolicdisorders,* • «Thomas Park, Professor and Secretary of the Department of Zoology,has been elected to a second four-year term on the Board of Directorsof the American Association for theAdvancement of Science. He has beenon the faculty for 20 years.* » «Lloyd M. Kozloff, Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, has beenawarded one of 40 five-year basichealth science fellowships of the U. S.Public Health Service. The grant,which is designed to encourage youngbiological scientists, covers salary andsome of the expenses of research.Kozloff is currently investigating theinvasion of living cells by virus.• * •Dr. C. Phillip Miller, Professor ofMedicine, has been elected to the New-York Academy of Sciences. This isa limited group, each new member ofwhich, in the opinion of its council, has done outstanding work towardthe advancement of science. MillerFEBRUARY, 1958 19has conducted extensive studies onantibiotics, particularly their effectiveness after excessive radiation.• • •Five U of Cers have been electedto Phi Beta Kappa in recognition ofoutstanding scholarship. They are:Terese E. Klinger of Chicago; DanielWeiner of Chicago; Walter M. Pint-ner of Washington, D. C; Helen M.Warren of Joliet, 111.; and EugeneYou-She Wong of Hong Kong.• • •Fifty students and faculty members have been honored with electionto Sigma Xi, national science honorary society, of which 35 were elected to full membership and 15 to associate membership. Membership inthe society is limited to scientistswho have demonstrated "noteworthyachievement as original investigatorsin some branch of pure or appliedscience."• • •Stephen Lawroski, Director of Argonne Laboratory's Chemical Engineering Division, recently received acitation given his laboratory for techniques developed to process twoatomic-age metals, uranium and zirconium. Chemical Engineering citedArgonne along with six other organizations for technology with thesemedals.Scientists at the eleventh annualmeeting of the Indian Institute ofMetals in Bombay heard a paper byLawroski describing the Argonne-developed reactor fuel processingmethods that same week.With Argonne since 1947, Lawroskihas served as a United States delegate to atomic energy conferences inSwitzerland, France, Britain, andBelgium, and is a member of the boardof directors of the American Nuclear Society.Research GrantsReceipt of several sizable researchgrants by University departments andfaculty members has recently beenmade public.Six grants totalling $104,200 havebeen given by the National ScienceFoundation for the first quarter offiscal year 1958. They will supportbasic studies of cloud seeding, fungimetabolism, enzyme reactions, protein structure, nuclear particles, andthe translation of an economic atlasof Japan.The U. S. Public Health Service has granted $819,363 to support fifty-three basis research programs at themedical and biological center during1958. The largest grant, $53,244, wasmade to Raymond E. Zirkle, Professorof Anatomy and Chairman of theCommittee on Biophysics, for structure studies of living cells irradiatedby ultraviolet light.Dr. Charles B. Huggins, Professorof Urology and Director of the BenMay Laboratory for Cancer Research,received the next largest grant,$53,095 for further research into theeffects of sex hormones on malignantgrowths.The Public Health Service also hasawarded $25,000 to Dr. Elwood V.Jensen, Associate Professor of Biochemistry with the Ben May Laboratory, for the production of 25-gramsamples of synthetic compounds, related to sex hormones. The compounds selectively inhibit pituitarygland secretions and seem to stemthe growth of certain cancers. Thecompounds, which do not themselvesact as hormones, will be tested bythe National Cancer Institute for possible use as clinical anti- cancer agents.The National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis has given a project directed by Earl A. Evans $56,669 tocontinue studying the method bywhich a virus breaks down the wallof a healthy cell and injects part ofitself into the cell. Evans, who isChairman of the Biochemistry Department, and his associates, LloydKozloff, Ray Koppelman, Roy Mackal,and Franz Meyer have been conducting this March-of-Dimes supportedresearch since 1947.National ObservatoryPlans for the proposed NationalAstronomical Observatory, to be builtin Arizona with money appropriatedto the National Science Foundation,moved ahead in December with anannouncement that the NSF has formally entered into contract with theseven members of the AssociatedUniversities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA)The University is a member, havingtwo members on AURA's board of directors, William Harrell, Vice President in charge of business affairs,and Gerard Kuiper, Professor of Astronomy and Director of the University's Yerkes Observatory at WilliamsBay, Wis.Three million one hundred thou sand dollars have been appropriatedfor 1958 for the national observatory,which is being established to implement the rapid progress in astronomyanticipated during the next ten years.It will be open for research to allqualified astronomers, probably on ayearly resident basis.Most of the research to date on thelocation of the observatory and design of its equipment has been underthe direction of Aden B. Meinel, Associate Professor and Associate Director of Yerkes, who has been onleave of absence for three years asexecutive secretary of the NSF's advisory panel for the new facility.Under his leadership, extensive testshave been conducted by a field crewof 19 scientists and technicians to determine the most suitable site for thenew observatory. Data gathered from60-foot "seeing" towers have narrowed the choice to one of three sites,Kitt Peak, Hualapai, and MormonMountain, all in southern Arizona.The "seeing" towers are triple -shelledsteel structures equipped with telescopes fixed on the North Star forcontinuous evaluation of the atmospheric conditions at each location.The new observatory will housetwo 16- inch and one 36- inch reflecting telescopes now nearing completion at Yerkes; an 80-inch reflector,and other larger telescopes. Eachof the telescopes will be guided byan electronic system developed byRobert Weitbrecht, Research Associate at Yerkes, which locks the telescope onto the star it is viewing, eliminating the oscillations in guidancecaused by manual steering. A prototype of the system has been installed by Weitbrecht on the University of Illinois' telescope.Resident and Intern HousingA new building to house residentsand interns of the Medical and Biological Research Center will be builton the east side of Drexel, south of57th street, at a cost of $1,125,000.A six story contemporary designstructure, it will contain 80 units. Onthe ground floor there will be laundryfacilities, children's playrooms, andstorage space.The Ford Foundation has provided$250,000 of the cost, and an additional$850,000 has been loaned by theFederal Housing and Home FinanceAgency.20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPatrick Henry: Patriot in theMaking. By Robert Douthat Meade,PhD '35, Head of History Department,Randolph -Macon Woman's College,Lynchburg, Va. J. B. Lippincott Co.,Philadelphia, 1957. X, 431 pp.Amid the flood of Civil War bookswhich currently dominate Americanhistory publishing, impressive worksof scholarship have continued to appear dealing with the founding of thenation the holocaust "four score andseven years" later nearly destroyed.Splendid biographies of Washington,Adams, Hamilton, Jefferson, andMadison are either completed or underway, and a series of monumentaleditorial projects are gathering andpublishing source material on thefounding fathers which will bring theRevolutionary era to life in a wayunmatched by any other period in ourhistory. Meade's Patrick Henry is aworthy contribution to this importantliterature, and scholars and generalreaders alike must be grateful to himfor his skill and energy in presentingthe career of "the orator of the American Revolution."Something of both Meade's diligence and the limitations of his workis apparent in the fact that fewerthan a half-dozen Patrick Henry letters are extant for the period coveredin the biography (down through 1774).To compensate for the absence of anysubstantial body of source material,Meade has searched official records inAmerica and in Great Britain, acquainted himself with traditions andhand-me-down stories in Henry'shome country, and collected bits ofinformation from dozens of littleknown books and manuscripts. Hishandling of these materials is generally both imaginative and judicious,a rare and difficult combination oftalents. His use of the two bookswhich have created the legendaryPatrick Henry, one written by WilliamWirt in 1818, and the other by WilliamWirt Henry in 1891, is less satisfactory. Time after time, Wirt or Henryprovide the only basis for accounts ofincidents in Henry's career, and theauthor must evaluate the account, atask made more difficult by the utterlyuncritical method of both books. Robert Douthat MeadeWilliam Wirt wrote in the half-fictional style of Parson Weems, andW. W. Henry was concerned mainlyto glorify his grandfather. ShouldMeade accept or reject Wirt's accountof Patrick Henry's first oratoricaltriumph in the Parson's Cause? Canhe believe W. W, Henry's recordingof the famous speech declaring (treasonable?) resistance to the StampAct? Since there is no external or objective method at this date of evaluating the old accounts, Meade is leftto accept or reject, in the final analysis, on the basis of his judgment as tothe plausibleness of the story. Itseems to this reviewer that the authorhas too often accepted stories favorable to Henry and rejected thosecritical of him in order to make Henrythe great and wise leader Meadethinks he was.Two further difficulties should alsobe noted, Meade often presents HenryZJkeLxcluzive CleaneiiWe operate our own drycleaning plantTHREE HOUR SERVICE1331 East 57th St. 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.Midway 3-0602 NOrmal 7-9858Office & Plant1442 East 57th Street Midway 3-0608 as if he alone was responsible for theformulation of colonial resistance toBritish impositions. Thus, every colonial statement of defiance afterHenry's Stamp Act Resolves of 1765are imputed to have their origin inthose Resolves, if the language andideas are similar to them, while, infact, the doctrine of the Resolves wascommon currency in the colonies inthe generation which preceded theRevolution. The other difficulty is thatwe are told almost nothing of theactual dynamics of the great eventsof Henry's career—something to beblamed on the lack of source materialrather than the author, in this case.Such questions as "Why did Henrytake up the fight against the Parson'sCause?" and "What maneuvers wenton behind the dramatic enactment ofthe Stamp Act Resolves?" are scarcelydealt with at all.But lest essentials be overlooked,let it be said that Meade has writtenthe first modern biography of a greatAmerican, and his work will be thestandard one on Henry for years tocome. We will never know Henry aswe know Franklin, Washington orJefferson because the records simplydo not exist in his case. Meade hasdone a skillful job of patching together the colorful story of Henry'sbackground, boyhood and family, andhas shown us the life of a circuitlawyer in the shadow of the frontier,in a way that helps us understand thegenius and origins of the AmericanRevolution. Let us hope that he willcontinue to apply his energy andjudgment to Henry's later and morecontroversial career as governor ofVirginia, champion of establishedreligion, and defender of Virginiastate's rights as he opposed the Federal Constitution of 1787. Only thenwill it be possible to assess Henry'strue stature as a founder of Americanliberty and nationhood. In the meantime, it is safe to say that the oratorical genius of Patrick Henry was acogent factor in the success of amovement which enshrines him andhis co-workers as founding fathers, —and perhaps without Henry's courageous efforts, as Meade implies, theheroes of 1776 might have beenhanged on English gibbets.Ralph L. Ketcham, AssociateEditor, James Madison Papers,and Research Associate, Department of Political ScienceFEBRUARY, 1958 21CHICAGO MEN HONOREDAT JESUIT CENTENNIALBIRTH CERTIFICATEcontinued from Page 10tute for Nuclear Studies. They are, inaddition to Anderson and Szilard,Samuel K. Allison, Professor of Physics, and Leona Woods Marshall, volunteer Assistant Professor of Physics,who was the only woman present atthe historic event.Last fall, Eugene P. Wigner, ThomasD. Jones Professor of MathematicalPhysics, Princeton University, returned as Visiting Professor in theFermi Institute. Wigner, who waswith the Metallurgical Laboratoryuntil 1945, is considered one of theworld's outstanding physicists.Two of the forty -two are now atArgonne National Laboratory, whichis operated by the University undercontract with the U.S. Atomic EnergyCommission. They are Argonne'sDirector Hilberry, and Thomas Brill,electronics division head.On the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the controlled release ofnuclear energy, prior to his resignation as director of the Fermi Institute,Professor Allison predicted that thenext achievement in atomic energywill be the control of the fusion reaction, the force used in the hydrogenbomb. Allison, designer of the Keva-tron, was the first director of theinstitute and resigned his post at theclose of last year to devote more timeto his studies.He said fusion as a source of heatfor such uses as producing steam forelectric power generators would bemore efficient than fission because itwould be more concentrated andproduce less radioactive waste products.The elimination of radioactivewastes from nuclear processes, headded, is becoming one of the world'slargest problems. Another is thethreat of war.Said he: "Many scientists foresaw aterrible era after the war, one oframpant nationalists with atomicbombs in hand. We still feel the same.We're pessimistic about putting sucha weapon in the hands of people. Butat least we haven't blown each otherup yet. Every week that we don't,gives us added hope, allows the ideato sink in that war is too dangerousto start. If we can succeed for another ten or fifteen years, we mayeducate enough people to the dangers."22 Among one hundred outstandingmen and women cited "for their distinguished achievements and theirnotable contributions to the City ofChicago" on the occasion of the JesuitCentennial Civic Celebration last December, approximately half wereUniversity of Chicago alumni or menand women connected with the University at present, or former facultymembers, trustees or members ofcommittees.The University seemed to havemore faculty members and trusteesrepresented among Chicagoans chosento receive Jesuit Centennial Citationsthan any other institution in the Chicago area. Compared with ten Chicago faculty and administrativepersonnel who received citations,Northwestern had four; Loyola, three;Illinois Institute of Technology, two;the University of Illinois, two; Roosevelt, one, and Chicago Medical School,one. Chicago also led in approximatelythe same ratio when the number ofits trustees among citees was compared with citees serving as trusteesof the other universities. It shouldbe noted, however, that clergy andprofessional religious; faculty and administrative personnel of the nineJesuit institutions in Chicago, andmembers of the centennial dinnercommittee and the judges themselveswere automatically excluded, therebyeliminating some candidates for honors.Two hundred fifty Jesuits serve inthe City of Chicago. The presentationof the citations was in expression oftheir appreciation for the opportunityto serve the city and its citizens during the past one hundred years ofthe Society of Jesus in Chicago.Included in the list of Chicago'sOne Hundred Outstanding Citizenswere the following:Faculty and Administration:Dr. Herman N. Bundesen, Professorial Lecturer, public health administration, since 1926;Dr. Lowell T. Coggeshall, FrederickH. Rawson Professor of Medicine andDean of the Division of BiologicalSciences;Senator Paul H. Douglas, formerProfessor of Economics; Miss Nellie X. Hawkinson, Professor Emeritus of Nursing Education;Chancellor Lawrence A. Kimpton;Leverett S. Lyon, PhB '10, AM '18,PhD '21, Instructor in Economics1916-23 (see also below);Robert Redfield, PhB '20, JD '21,PhD '28, Distinguished Service Professor of Anthropology;Marcel Schein, Professor of Physics;Harold C. Urey, Distinguished Service Professor of Chemistry;John A. Wilson, PhD '26, Distinguished Service Professor of OrientalLanguages and Literatures.Trustees:Fairfax M. Cone, Marshall Field,Jr., Homer J. Livingston, Earle Ludgin, '20, Clarence B. Randall, EdwardL. Ryerson (honorary: former chairman of the board); Harold H. Swift,PhB '07 (honorary: former chairmanof the board); Robert E. Wilson.Cancer Research Foundation TrusteesMaurice Goldblatt, founder andchairman of the board;Col. Henry Crown, John S. Knight,Major Lenox R. Lohr, Edward F. Wilson, Leo J. Sheridan, all also on Citizens' Board.Citizens Board of the University:James E. Day, Chairman; Joseph L.Block, Chesser N. Campbell, Col.Henry Crown, the Hon. Richard J.Daley, Maurice Goldblatt, Dr. ErnestE. Irons, SB '00; PhD '12, MD '03.Martin H. Kennelly, Meyer Kestn-baum, Weymouth Kirkland, John S.Knight, Frank J. Lewis, R. StuartList, Major Lenox R. Lohr, LeverettS. Lyon, Oscar G. Mayer.Hughston M. McBain, Dr. Eric Old-berg, Daniel Catton Rich, PhB '26,John G. Sevcik, Leo J. Sheridan, Adlai E. Stevenson, '33, R. DouglasStuart, William B. Traynor, BenjaminC. Willis, Edward Foss Wilson, ThomasE. Wilson, General Robert E. Wood.Other:Fred K. Hoehler, Visiting Committee to the School of Social ServiceAdministration .Dr. Willis J. Potts, SB '20, MD '24,Professor of Pediatric Surgery, Northwestern University.Dr. Isaac Schour, SB '21, PhD '31,Dean, University of Illinois Collegeof Dentistry.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEaass \\ewsI f\ I Q Chicago newspapers recentlyfound occasion to laud Leverett S. Lyon, PhB '10, AM '18, PhD '21,when he closed his office as executivedirector of the Northeastern IllinoisMetropolitan Area Local GovernmentalServices Commission. The commissionis dissolving and passing its work, whichis concerned with coordinating governmental services like water distribution,transportation, etc., on to a 19-man permanent body that Lyon's temporarycommission persuaded the legislature toset up.This was a sizable step toward wellcoordinated governmental agencies, butwas only Lyon's latest achievement in aspectacular career. Previously he servedas chairman of the Chicago Home RuleCommission, accomplishing, as the DailyNews put it, "something like a miraclein pushing through the legislature andthe Chicago City Council a broad program of reorganization and proceduralreform."Before that, he had an equally distinguished career with the Chicago Association of Commerce and Industry,achieving, among other things, a wholesale reorganization of the public schoolsystem, a rewriting of the city's buildingcode, and the creation of new forms ofmachinery to administer the code."In all these activities," wrote theDaily News, "Lyon showed a genius fordevising workable methods of procedure.... A scholar with an extraordinarybreadth of knowledge, a man of uncompromising high principles, he hasdemonstrated the practical value of suchqualities in fields where they are sometimes undervalued by self-styled practical men."Lenetta Schoenstadt Cooper Edgerton,'17, who is the wife since last Februaryof Professor William F. Edgerton, PhD'22, of the University's Oriental Literature and Linguistics Department, is incharge of imports at the Main StreetBook Store in Chicago.James M. L. Cooley, AM '18, for 40years a member of the faculty of Shat-tuck School, Faribault, Minn., in Octoberreceived a citation for service from thatinstitution.Chairman of the Modern LanguagesDepartment since 1940, Cooley alsoserved as Dean of Students for 15 years,and has taught French and Latin. Elinor Paucoast, PhB '17, AM '22, PhD'27, Professor of Economics at GoucherCollege, was director of the Fourth Annual Summer Maryland Workshop onEconomic Education for three weeks lastsummer.Bernice Hague Cooke, '19, of Chicago,reports that her trip around the worldduring the first six months of 1957 was"most enchanting," especially the FarEast. She also informs us that she nowhas seven grandchildren.Harold W. Norman, PhB '19, JD '20,has been reappointed to the IllinoisSchool Problems Commission. The commission will advise the 1959 legislatureon school matters.Since 7878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Restored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. • LI 9-7180BOYDSTON AMBULANCE SERVICEAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of Chicagophone NOrmal 7-2468NEW ADDRESS- 1708 E. 7 1ST ST.RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331 TelephoneW. Jackson Blvd. MOnroe 6-3192PENDERCatch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sump-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUEFAirfax 4-0550PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICEGIVE TOTHE ALUMNI FOUNDATION } 0-3 fi Mildred Miles Main, '20, well-^V ^V known to many groups forher lectures on the old Oregon Trail, hasco-authored a new book, Footprints, published by the Steck Co., Austin, Tex. Itconsists of 25 short accounts of Southernheroes and heroines.Wendell S. Brooks, AM '21, superintendent of the Chicago Tract Society for14 years, has retired to the family summer home at Onekama, Mich.Julia W. Kritzer, PhB '21, is teachingat Lane Technical High School in Chicago.J. H. George, SB '23, '25, retired fromBay City Junior College, Mich., in 1953after 30 years as head of the Departmentof Astronomy and Geology, and is nowliving in Panama City, Fla., where he isassociated with J. E. Churchwell Agency,Inc. He writes that he is looking forwardto seeing his classmates and looking overthe campus in June.Ruth Hess Barker, '23, of Sandwich,111., writes that she and her husband,Roland Barker, '21, visited Mr. and Mrs.A. A. Stagg at their home in Stockton,Calif, in June. "They were simply wonderful!"Judge Bertha Fain Tucker, JD '23,Chicago's only woman judge, is presidingin divorce court this year. She was thefirst woman to ever preside at a criminalcourt in Illinois.Sidney Stein, Jr., PhB '23, partner inthe Chicago Investment counseling firmof Stein, Roe, & Farnham, has beenelected a trustee of Radcliffe College,Cambridge, Mass.Harold C. Smith, '24, is president ofthe Frank C. Teal Co. in Chicago.Fred E. Law, PhB '25, is now withYoungberg- Carlson Co., as manager ofthe firm's new special services division.He formerly was an officer of a casualtyinsurance firm and also has been a loancorrespondent for a number of life insurance companies.Goldia Kinman Howes, PhB '25, isprincipal of Flower Vocational HighSchool in Chicago. She has been a teacherof general science and biology.Dr. Horace M. Bond, AM '26, PhD '36,resigned the presidency of Lincoln University in June, and is now living inAtlanta, Ga. His wife is Julia Washington Bond, '37.David O. Voss, AM '26, PhD '32, teachesLatin in the DeVilbiss High School,FEBRUARY, 1958 23Frank R. KilleToledo. O. The Vosses have recentlybuilt a Cape Cod house and a librarywith so many shelves it worried theworkmen. David collects stamps andcoins, is interested in photography, andalso is active in church work. In thesummer the family moves to Mackinacwhere David has built a collection ofslides following the construction of theMackinac Straits Bridge from its beginning.Dr. Victor E. Johnson, PhB '26, PhD'30, MD '39, Director of the Mayo Foundation, Graduate School, University ofMinnesota, in Rochester, Minn., will bea deputy president and chairman of theprogram committee of the second WorldConference on Medical Education to beheld in Chicago in September of 1959.He was a deputy president of the firstWorld Conference in London in 1953. Hiswife is Adelaide McFadyen Johnson, PhD'30, MD '32.58 2 5 Kenneth A. Rouse, PhB '28,^ ^ and his wife, Helen KingRouse, PhB '28, are in Monrovia, Liberia,where he is serving as deputy mission director for the International CooperationAdministration. He is on leave from A. B.Dick Co.Ernestine L. Putman, '28, is serving aspresident of the Southern Section of theCalifornia Association for ChildhoodEducation, a group of 5,200 teachers,during 1957-59.Daniel D. Heninger, '28, of WichitaFalls, Tex., has resigned his position withthe Ohio Oil Co. after 20 years of service,and established his own business as anindependent geologist and oil operator.He is now a grandfather, his daughter, Joseph GidwitzRuth Marie, having one daughter, Diane.Frank R. Kille, SM '29, PhD '34, hasbeen appointed Associate Commissionerfor Higher and Professional Education bythe New York State Education Department. He has been Dean of CarletonCollege for 12 years, and is a past chairman of the American Conference ofAcademic Deans.Mrs, Thomas E. Rich, '28, has becomethe president of the Calumet Girl ScoutCouncil, with 7,000 members. Her daughter graduates from high school in June,but nevertheless, she writes, she willget to the class reunion.Joseph L. Gidwitz, PhB '28, presidentof Lanzit Corrugated Box Co., Chicago,has been re-elected a director of theFibre Box Association. A director ofnumerous midwest companies, Gidwitzis also president and director of the Division Fund of Chicago, and vice-presidentof the Jewish Federation,Amy Winslow, AM '29, retired directorof the Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore, received the honorary degree ofDoctor of Laws from Goucher College onJune 16. During her career she was associated with libraries at Iowa State College, Indianapolis, Cleveland and Cuyahoga County, Ohio.Hayden C. Bryant, AM '29, receivedan AM degree from Peabody College forTeachers on August 12.Emma Beekmann Gavras, AM '30, 'isliving in Santa Monica, Calif., since hermarriage last May to Aristotle Gavras.Evelyn B, Oppenheimer, PhB '29, isbroadcasting her radio book review series over station KRLD for her tenthyear in Dallas. The program is aired onSunday afternoon at 2:00 p.m. Duringthe summer, Miss Oppenheimer conducted a special, intensive course in oralreviewing at Texas Technological College.Emil J. Skarda, AM '31, a teacher atSkokie Junior High School in Winnetka,111., for 29 years, is now teaching at theRiverside Military Academy, Hollywood,Fla.Robert E. Walsh, SB '32, has been appointed a regional vice-president ofBlaw-Knox Co. in the Chicago area.Maurice B. Finch, AM '32, is a Frenchinstructor at Shattuck School, Faribault,Minn. He has been director of studiesat Westminster College, Fulton, Mo.33 3*7 Garland C. Routt, PhB '33,**^~** ' AM '37, and his wife, Elizabeth Steere Routt, PhB '33, are now inPort of Spain, Trinidad, where he ispublic affairs officer for the AmericanConsulate. In the last several years theyhave lived in Ireland and Jamaica inconnection with his job. Their son,William D. Routt, entered the Universitythis fall.Ruth Oliver Secord, SB '33, AM '46,Is principal of the Hurley ElementarySchool in Chicago. She holds a doctoratein education from the University ofSouthern California.A. Philip Tuttle, '33, is pastor of theFirst Presbyterian Church in Neoga, 111.During the past 22 years he has servedchurches in seven states, both as a pastor24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEand as director of Christian education.He writes that he has never been ableto make the June reunions since thatis his busiest month, but that he will bethere this time.Sidney Stackler, '33, is now managingpartner of Central Watch Service. Hisson has recently entered Highland ParkHigh School, 111.Arthur Heim, '33, formerly executivevice-president of Personnel Aptitude Research, has moved from Chicago toCleveland to serve as manager of operations for Greyhound Rent-a-Car, Inc.Edward W. S. Nicholson, SB '34, willbe in charge of Esso Research & Engineering Co.'s newly -established refineryliaison office in The Hague, Netherlands.An assistant manager in refinery liaison,he has been with the company for 20years.John L. Davidson, Jr., '35, generalcounsel for the Wabash Railroad Co., hasbeen appointed head of the State Government Committee of the Taxpayers'Federation of Illinois.Gretta W. Griffis, AM '35, is in hersecond year in the graduate program ofeducation and training in social work inthe School of Social Welfare at FloridaState University. Dean Coyle E. Mooreof that school writes us that she is making an excellent record, and has beengranted a fellowship.June Rappaport Schamp, SB '36, SM'38, PhD '40, attended a six -weeks courseof study at the Graduate Summer Schoolfor Teachers at Wesleyan University lastsummer. Her husband, Harvey M.Schamp, is PhD '39.Maurine Happ, MBA '37, was marriedJune 29 to Willette Murray, Chairman ofthe Science Department, Modesto (Calif.) Junior College. She is a part-time instructor in the Business Department ofthe junior college,Theodore S. Kurland, JD '37, of Atlanta, Ga., is a lieutenant colcnel in theArmy Reserve.Helen Victoria Seymour, AM '37, issenior officer in the Office of the Controller of the United Nations. Her specialresponsibilities include the financial aspects of economic, social and technicalassistance programs, and being administrative coordinator between the UN andits specialized agencies. She writes thatshe joined the UN in 1947, and that shelikes it,Norman R. Davidson, SB '37, PhD '41,has been promoted to Professor of Chemistry at California Institute of Technology.He formerly worked on the plutoniumproject at the University. His principalresearch involves studies of the rates ofvery fast reactions, such as those initiatedby shock waves and intense light.30 ,4 3 Richard Loyer, AM '38, hasbeen appointed manager ofmail circulation sales at McGraw-HillPublishing Co.George J. Matousek, '38, SB '47, (DDS'42, Loyola), is chairman of the Department of Fixed Prosthesis at Loyola University School of Dentistry in Chicago.He also is a consultant to the VA Hospital in Downey, 111., and has a privatepractice in Riverside. In World War IIhe was chief of dental service of Armyfield hospitals in China and India,Robert B. Anderson, 38, and AlanHoop, '37, are both working with Sears,Roebuck and Co. department store inHollywood, Calif., where Hoop is storemanager. His wife is the former ArleneGoldthwaite, '37.Army Lt Col. FrankE. Lee, JD '35, receivescongratulations and acertificate of achievement in Washington,D.C.? from Lt. Gen.D. A. D. Ogden, theInspector General. M. Gordon Tiger, '38, of Alexandria,Va., has been transferred from departmental to foreign service at the StateDepartment, and expects his first overseas assignment at any time.Robert E. Ricketts, AM '38, is Superintendent of Schools in Bogota, N. J. Hereceived the PhEd degree from ColumbiaUniversity in August,Charlotte Hayman, AM '38, has beenappointed Project Coordinator of theThree-Schools Project, a joint educational and mental health program in aproblem area of the Bronx. She willdirect the work of a concentrated taskforce of 33 social workers, psychologists,psychiatrists, and vocational guidancecounselors, covering 5,000 school children.In operation since 1949, the project hasbeen designed to demonstrate the valueof close co-operation between mentalhygiene specialists and teachers in helping troubled children. Mrs. Hyman bringsto the job 20 years of supervisory, administration, teaching, and social case workexperience.Galen W. Ewing, PhD '39, ended 11years at Union College, Schenectady,N. Y. in September and joined the staffof New Mexico Highlands University, LasVegas, N. M., as Professor of Chemistry.Moreau S. Maxwell, AB '39, AM '46,and PhD '49, chief of Arctic research atthe USAF Air University in 1952-57, hasbeen appointed Curator of Anthropologyat the Michigan State University Museum. The author of many archeologicalarticles for periodicals and texts, Maxwell also will be Associate Professor inthe Department of Sociology and Anthropology for teaching and research. Heis married and has four children.Natalie Clync Reid, AB '40, has takenher teacher's certificate and is teachingfor the first time. "It's more difficult thanI thought!" she writes.Dr. David C. Dahlin, MD '40, a member of the Surgical Pathology Section ofthe Mayo Clinic and Associate Professorat the University of Minnesota, is theauthor of a new book, Bone Tumors;General Aspects and An Analysis of2,276 Cases, published in October byCharles C. Thomas.William H. Lovell, AB '41, has beenpromoted to corporate director of personnel of Chicago Rawhide Manufacturing Co. He will supervise personnelactivities for all the company's plants,David L. Fisher, SB '42, engineeringdepartment head for ground armamentsystems at Sperry Gyroscope, has beenFEBRUARY, 1958 25elected secretary of the Student AffairsCommittee of the I.R.E. Long Island Section.Everett Keith Wilson, AM '42, PhD '52,a member of the Antioch College facultysince 1948, is serving this academic yearat the University of Michigan as visitingProfessor of Sociology.R. C. Wanta, '43, and his wife had theirfourth child, Stephen Alastair, on July21. Wanta writes that this gives themequal representation by sex. They livein Cincinnati, O.Beverly Fisher Smerling, '43, is nowin her seventh year as a public relationsspecialist with the Minneapolis Community Chest and Citizen's League.William B. Riley, '43, has joined thetax department of Price Waterhouse andCo. and has moved to New York, although he expects to return to theSouthwest in about a year. He and hiswife have one daughter, born in 1954.John W. Ragle, '43, a high schoolteacher of English and French in Spring -field, Vt., will marry Shiela MacLasen, anurse from Birmingham, England, inJune.Jane Reinheimer Motz, '43, marriedChris Motz of Pittsburgh, a year ago.She has served six years in the race relations program of the American FriendsService Committee. The Motzes are starting a marina in Havre de Grace, Md.Elizabeth Barichman Reifsnyder, '43,of Evanston, has one son, Robert, bornon February 8, 1957.Dorothy Baker Windhorst, AB '48,MD '54, whose picture was on theMagazine's cover in 1946, is now in herlast year of dermatology residency at theU of C Clinics. She and her husbandRichard have two children, Lorraine, 4,and Anne, 1.Beverly Blanksten Hummel, AB '43,received an AM degree in education atWestern Reserve University, Cleveland,on September 6.AA_A Q Rochelle Dubovy Sherman,~~~~V PhB '44, AM '46, wishes toannounce that she has two boys, Gary,8, and Andy, 4. At present she is substitute teaching in the Chicago PublicSchools. For the past three years sheworked as a research assistant in theDepartment of Sociology at the Institute of Juvenile Research. In her spare timeshe assists her spouse in some of hisbusiness enterprises.Abe Sklar, PhB '44, SB '47, SM '48,(PhD California Institute of Technology)has been promoted to Assistant Professorof Mathematics at Illinois Institute ofTechnology.Elizabeth Mahan Schultz, AB '44, ofWinnetka, 111., has a new daughter, Julia,born September 23.Philip A. Tripp, AM '47, PhD '55, isDean of Students at Washburn Universityof Topeka, Kans.Dr. Delbert M. Bergenstal, MD '47, isassistant chief of the EndocrinologyBranch of the National Cancer Institutein Bethesda, Md.Samuel A. Schmitt, SB '47, PhB '47,has been promoted to staff engineer atthe IBM Research Laboratory at Pough-keepsie, N. Y. In this position he isworking with a research group engagedin machine organization theory. He andhis wife are parents of three children.r. A. REHNQUIST CO SidewalksFactory FloorsMachineFoundationsConcrete BreakingNOrmal 7-0433SARGENT'S DRUG STOREestablished 1852Chicago's most completeprescription and chemical stockphone RAndolph 6-477023 N. Wabash AvenueChicagoSHERRY HOTEL53rd Street At The LakeComplete Facilities ForTraining Groups — Sales MeetingsBANQUETS— DancesCall Catering FAirfax 4-1000Since 7865ALBERTTeachers1 AgencyThe best in placement service for University,College, Secondary and Elementary. Nationwide patronage. Call or write us at37 South Wabash Ave.Chicago 3, III. Bernice A. Kaplan, AM '47, PhD '53,is in Peru until this coming June on aFulbright Scholarship. She is an anthropologist.Dr. Sherwood P. Miller, SM '47, MD '49,of Duarte, Calif., is now with the staffof the City of Hope Medical Center inDuarte. He is the father of two children;the second, Jonathan, was born in March,1957.Stanley M. Warsaw, AB '47, became apartner in the firm of Freehling, Meyer-hoff & Co., Chicago, on October 1.Nancy Kerr Carroll, AB '48, had herthird child and first son, Daniel, in June.Ralph H. Turner, PhD '48, and LewisM. Killian, PhD '49, are the co-authorsof a text and readings, Collective Behavior, published by Prentice-Hall, Inc.Turner, now teaching at UCLA, has recently returned from a year's study atthe London School of Economics undera Guggenheim grant. Killian is a member of the staff of the Department ofSociology at Florida State University inTallahassee.Thomas Payne, AM '48, PhD '51, Associate Professor of Political Science atMontana State University, is currentlyserving on the 70-member commissionof the Methodist Church which is studying the church's jurisdictional system.He writes, "The work of the commissionis interesting and its findings may behighly significant for Methodism in thiscountry since at the heart of the study isthe explosive issue of racial integration."Specifically under study is the futurestatus of the church's All -Negro CentralJurisdiction. Its abolition would be animportant step toward integration." Thecommission will report to the church's1960 General Conference.George Swenson, SM '48, has been appointed Assistant Professor of Biologyat Ithaca College, N. Y. He has taughtat Hinsdale and Lake Forest, 111. highschools.Watson Parker, '48, and Olga GlassmanParker, '49, had a new baby, RebeccaEllen, September 13, 1956. Wat is nowpresident of the Hill City Rotary Club.They still live at the Palmer GulchLodge, in the Black Hills of SouthDakota.Cora Grace Lowe Nasemann, '48, wasmarried May 10 to Professor John E.MacNab, who teaches economics at St.Lawrence University. She writes that herhusband, her eight-year-old son, and sheare now living in a being-remodeled oneroom school in Canton, N. Y.26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAlbert W. Demmler, Jr., PhB '48, married Donna Lou Frederick on February16, 1957. They are living in New Kensington, Pa., where he is a researchengineer in the Physical MetallurgyDivision of Alcoa Research Laboratories.Thomas E. McDonnell, '48, has broughthis wife, Joan, and two daughters (Molly,3, and Julie, 1) to California, where hehas joined the Industrial Operations Research group of Stanford Research Institute, Palo Alto, Calif.Clarence R. Anderson, '48, is now acaptain in the Air Force, serving inJapan. He and his wife, Marie, have adaughter, Susan, age 2, and a son, Paul,age 10 months. His job for the threeyears he'll be there is to purchase maintenance of USAF aircraft from Japaneseaircraft companies.Both Hans W. Mattick, AB '48, AM '56,and his wife, June Mattick, formerlysecretary of the University's History Department, are kept very busy helpingJoseph D. Lohman, '34, be the outstanding sheriff in the history of Cook County.June is the sheriff's secretary, and Hansis the assistant warden at the CookCounty jail. He writes that the U of Cis well represented at the sheriff's office.Harvey Frauenglass, '48, is now working toward an MFA in the University ofIowa Fiction Workshop, working on anovel and teaching literature to sophomores.Carl J. Vanderlin, Jr., '48, is on themathematics staff of Whitewater StateCollege, Whitewater, Wis. He spent lastsummer at Stanford University attendingthe Social Science Research Institute. Heand his wife Ernestine Schonta Vanderlin, PhB '47, have three children.Lee R. Chutkow, MD '48, is workingas intermediate resident, Department ofPsychiatry, University of Colorado Medical Center, Denver. He married MaryLou Murdoch of Rochester, N. Y., onJune 7.Charles Mathieson Otstot, '48, and hiswife Florence Baumruk Otstot, of Arlington, Va., have two children, CharlesAlexander, born in January 1955, andMargaret Frances, born in July 1957.Alexander H. Pope, '48, is now practicing law in Los Angeles in partnershipwith Jerry Fine under the firm nameof Fine and Pope.Bernard L. Murowchick, SB '48, SM'49, was promoted recently to super visor of the mineralogy department forthe International Minerals & ChemicalCorp., Mulberry, Fla. He is married andhas three children.Elmer E. Jones, PhB '48, SB '50, wasmarried on August 25, 1956, to Alice Williamson, of West Orange, N. J. Hereceived a PhD in chemistry from Washington University in St. Louis in June,1957.Anna Louise Nestmann, BLS '48, hasjoined the chemical development department of Union Carbide Corp., New York,N. Y.Padriac Burns, AB '48, is in Yokohama,Japan, for approximately two years,where he is serving his period of activemilitary duty as a psychiatrist.Clyde R. Wilson, AB '48, of Oak Park,111., has recently joined C. P. Clare & Co.as manufacturing engineer in charge ofcoordination and production of all wiredassemblies. He was formerly with Ft.Pitt Industries, Inc.MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica -Exacta -Rolleiflex -Polaroid1342 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259NSA Discounts2 Day Color DevelopingHO Trains and Model SuppliesWasson - PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phone: Butterfield 8-2116-7-8-9Wasson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wasson DoesBESTBOILERREPAIR&WELDINGCO.24 HOUR SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoCHICAGO ADDRESSING & PRINTING CO.Complete Service for Mail AdvertisersPRINTING— LETTERPRESS & OFFSETLetters • Copy Preparation • ImprintingTypewriting • Addressing • MailingQUALITY — ACCURACY— SPEED711 So. Dearborn • Chicago 5 • WA 2-4561 4Q CI Rev. Okey R. Swisher, AM¦^ ** '49, is working in the newlycreated post of director of research andchurch planning for the ClevelandChurch Federation, an inter- church body.A former executive secretary of theCongregational Union of Cleveland,Swisher will assist denominational executives in distribution of new churchesin the suburbs.John J. Flaherty, AM '49, has resignedfrom the post of manager of the ChicagoOperations Office of the Atomic EnergyCommission, and become assistant to thegeneral manager of Atomics International, Division of North American Aviation, Inc. He was with the commissionand its predecessor, the Army's Manhattan District, for over 14 years.Barbara H. Sunshine, AB '50, has beenappointed media supervisor of Fred Witt-ner Advertising, New York. She wasformerly with Breskin Publications.James Richard Steele, MBA '50, is nowsales supervisor of Jewel Tea Co., Inc.,in Detroit, Mich.Walter H. Seitzer, SM '51, EugeneRosenbaum, SB '29, PhD '33, and DavidLawrey, SM '52, are all employed at theSun Oil Company's new $2.5 million research and development laboratories atMarcus Hook, Pa. Seitzer, a chemist, ismarried to the former Marianne Stuk,AB '50, and Rosenbaum is the husband ofRachel R. Comroe Rosenbaum, PhD '33.Helen M. Perks, AM '51, has taken astaff position with the Board of ChristianEducation of the Presbyterian Church,USA. The position entails much traveling, and involves counseling churcheswho are having problems in Christianeducation.Karl E. Zimmer, AB '51, has returnedfrom Turkey as advisor and teacher atTGFELTC (the Turkish Ground ForcesEnglish Language Training Center, whatelse?) and is working for his PhD inlinguistics at the University of Michigan.His wife's name is Suzanne.Philip J. Staudenraus, AM '51, is Professor of History at the University ofKansas City, Mo.Harold Ralph Lewis, Jr., AB '51, SB '53,is a graduate student in physics at theUniversity of Illinois:Harvey J. Finison, MBA '51, has beenappointed manager of Raytheon Manufacturing Company's semiconductor division. He will direct activities at twoplants in Massachusetts.FEBRUARY, 1958 27The University of Chicago Alumni AssociationTHE CABINETis the ruling body o- : the Alumni Association. It is composed otrepresentatives from the various University divisions. Each divisionis entitled to 2 representatives plus an additional member for every500 dues-paying members beyond one thousand. The only divisionwhich has more than the minimum 1,000 members is the CollegeDivision, which has over 7,000 dues-paying members and is entitledto 1 5 representatives on the Cabinet.Pres. Arthur R. Cahill, '31V.P. Miss Ethel Kawin, 'II, AM'25S-T Howard W. MortCollegeExp. '58 Howard E. Green, '25Mrs. Margaret Fisher Johnson, '25Mrs. Martha Barker Defebaugh, '17Georqe T. Drake, '42John R.Womer, '35Exp. '59 Michael Greenebaum, '24Mrs. Frances Henderson Higgins, '20William C. Norby, '35Arthur A. Baer, '18Samuel J. Horwitz, '32, JD'34Exp. '60 Alfred K. Eddy, '17Mrs. Florence Cook Slayton, '25Chester W. Laing, '32Harold W. Lewis, '23Mrs. Fay Horton Sawyier, '44Ph.D. D.Jerome Fisher, '17, SM'20, PhD'22Leverett S. Lyon, '10, AM'18, PhD'21Educ. Robert C. Woellner, AM'24Harold A. Anderson, '24, AM'26Bus. Kenneth S. Axelson, '44John H. Kornblith, SB'47, MBA'48S.S.A. Mrs. Bernice Klein Simon, '36, AM'42Russell W. Ballard, '22Library Stanley E. Gwynn, '49Leon Carnovsky, PhD'32Law Keith 1. Parsons, '33, JD'37John M.Clark, '37, JD'39NursingEd. Miss Frances Powell, "36Miss Frances C.Thielbar, SM'38, PhD'51Medical Dr. William E. AdamsDr. Clayton G. Loosli, PhD'34, MD*37Univ.Rep. William V. MorgensternFnd't.Chrm.(Ex.Of.) Howard L. Willett, Jr., '30 Emmet V. Mittlebeeler, PhD '51, conducted a travel seminar in Great Britain,France, Germany, Italy, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, and Holland during thesummer of 1957. The seminar, given under the auspices of the American University of Washington, D. C, consistedof meetings with European officials andother persons competent in the field ofpolitical science. Mittlebeeler is AssociateProfessor of Government and Public Administration at the American Universityand was formerly administrative assistant to Congressman John M. Robsion,member of Congress from Kentucky.Harold M. Malkin, MD '51, is establishing the Malkin Medical Laboratory inPalo Alto, Calif.Stanton B. Herzog, AB '48, MBA '51,passed the CPA exam in May.C } C 3 Werner B. Reisenf eld, SM '52,is working for the Universityof California's Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory as a physicist in the TheoreticalDivision, which is concerned with calculations of neutron behavior and the theoretical design of nuclear weapons.David M. Paul, AM '52, has joined thestaff of Atlantic Research Corp., Alexandria, Va., as a technical writer.Davice Ann Greenblatt Chimene, AB'52, and her husband Kenneth E. Chimene, AB '50, MBA '52, became theparents of a boy, Jeffery Eugene, onAugust 12, 1957. They live in Woodside,N. Y.Bill O'Connor, AM '52, is presentlyemployed as a correctional classificationofficer II (sociologist) at the Reception-Guidance Center, Chino, Calif., Department of Corrections. He writes: "Although near to Las Vegas, I find I havemuch better odds at home, namely fiveboys in a row: Kevin, Kerry, Kelly,Kazey and Kennan. What says statistics!""Recently underwent training as aGreat Books discussion leader and amanticipating starting a group this fall.Hope to make one of the reunions in thenear future and renew old friendships."Robert M. Sultan, MBA '52, a salesmanager for the Lanzit Box Company,Chicago, is also lieutenant colonel in theArmy Reserve.Thomas Thorner, '53, having graduatedfrom Stanford Law School and becomea member of the California Bar, is nowserving a three-year hitch in the AirForce. He is stationed at Plattsburg AFB,N. Y.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEGeorge W. Bahlke, AB '53, AM '55,married Valerie Worth on December 28,1955. They are living in New Havenwhile he finishes work for a PhD in English at Yale.Joseph P. Josephson, AB '53, was"soldier of the month" at Fort Monroe,Vt., recently.Elizabeth F. Cope, '53, married PaulBrunette in September. They are livingin Montrose, N. Y.David Chale, '53, writes us that BobBlabsky, '53, has the Coca-Cola concession for Vladivostok. Bob wrote Davidthat he expects American selling methodsto go over big there.Richard M. Janopaul, AB '52, was admitted to the Arizona Bar in October andis practicing law in Phoenix. He was released from active duty with the MarineCorps in August.We have just learned that elevenalumni received advanced degrees fromHarvard University last June. Theywere: Paul A. Cohen, AB '55, of Great Neck, N. Y,, who received the AM;Robert Goldhammer, AB '56, of Cambridge, Mass., who received the EdM;Joseph M. Heikoff, AM '53, of Brooklyn,who received the MPA; Emil T. Kaiser,AB '56, of Chicago, who received theAM; Jan F. Narveson, AB '55, AB '56,of Moorhead, Minn., who received theAM; Sander M. Levin, AB '52, of Detroit,Mich., who received the LLB cum laude;Steven Polgar, AM '54, PhD '56, ofPoughkeepsie, N. Y,, who received theMPH cum laude; David M. Raup, AB '53,of Sierra Madre, Calif., who received thePhD; Kenneth W. Sparks, AB '52, ofChicago, who received the MBA: T.Lowdon Wingo, Jr., AB '48, AM '50, ofEl Paso, Tex., who received the MPA;and Geoffrey L. Zubay, PhB '50, SM '53,of Chicago, who received the PhD.Kenneth I. Russ, MBA '53, has beenelected chairman of the Board of Trusteesof the Unitarian Church of Evanston.He is a member of Lake Forest Collegefaculty.Caroline N. Lee, AB '53, of Chicago,is presently working in the art department of Science Research Associates, aneducational publishing house. 54-57 Remick McDowell, MBA '54,vice president of the PeoplesGas Co. in Chicago, has been appointed,along with Lowell Coggeshall, head ofthe University's Medical School, AdlaiStevenson and four other leading Chi-cagoans, to membership in the MidwestRegional Advisory Committee of theInstitute of International Education, itwas announced by Mrs. Clifton Utley,AM '30, midwest director of the LIE.Harold L. Coltman, MBA '54, was associate chairman of the American Management Association finance orientationseminar held in Los Angeles, November18-20. An associate in the L.A. office ofMcKinsey & Co., Coltman is president ofthe L.A. chapter of the National Societyfor Business Budgeting.Morris H. De Groot, SM '54, has beenappointed Assistant Professor of Mathematics at Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh.Arne William Grenman, MBA '54, hasbeen appointed manager of selection andtraining for Kraft Foods Division ofNational Dairy Products in Chicago.if fix^1 V.;Vy t? .4tcMHINDE&DAUCHFEBRUARY, 1958 29PARKER-HOLSMANHeal Estate and Insurance1461 East 57th Street Hyde Park 3-2525iOWIR YOUR COSTSIMPROVED METHODSEMPLOYE TRAININGWAGE INCENTIVESJOS EVALUATIONPERSON "ti"^°^mv*: o^ Lloyd J. Keno, AB '54, of Chicago, hasbeen selected under the Attorney General's 1957 Recruitment Program forHonor Law Graduates. Keno receivedhis LL.B. from Yale this year. Thegovernmental program is designed to insure that the Department of Justice willprocure the best possible legal personnel,and also to give young lawyers experience with government legal procedures.James Riedel, PhD '54, a member ofthe faculty at Purdue University for thepast ten years, has been named AssociateProfessor of Government at Union College, Schenectady, N. Y. The author ofthe book, Hoosiers Go to the Polls, Reidelformerly taught at the University ofDenver, and in 1950, lectured at Chicago.Robert E. Malec, SM '54, PhD '57, hasjoined the staff of the Whiting ResearchLaboratories of Standard Oil of Indiana.Samuel G. Wagner, MBA '54, has beenappointed north central regional managerof Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Sales,Inc. His office will be in Chicago.REGIONALOFFICESThe University of Chicago Alumni AssociationEAST COASTClarence A. Peters, DirectorRoom 22, 31 East 39th StreetNew York 17, New YorkTelephone, MUrrayhill 3-1518WEST COASTWilliam H. Swanberg, DirectorRoom 322, 717 Market StreetSan Francisco 3, CaliforniaTelephone, EXbrook 2-0925LOS ANGELESMrs. Marie Stephens1 195 Charles StreetPasadena 3, CaliforniaTelephone, SYcamore 3-4545These offices are maintained for the convenience of Chicaqoalumni in these areas. Please feel free to call on their services.They help to produce your local Chicago programs; work withalumni committees for student recruitment and with fund committees for the annual Alumni Gift to the University. Blanchard K. Parsons, AM '54, is administrative officer for the India WheatLoan Educational Exchange Program.U of C Philosopher Richard McKeon hasbeen a consultant for the program'sGeneral Education Project, the objectiveof which is to help Indian undergraduateinstitutions adapt American systems ofgeneral education to the needs of India,and to replace the English-oriented system of university education presently ineffect.Herbert C. Hirschfeld, AB '54, has beenPastor in charge of the San RamonValley Methodist Church, Calif., sinceJune 16, 1957. He was ordained in 1955,and was Associate Pastor of the ConcordMethodist Church from 1954-57. Hegraduated from the Pacific School ofReligion, Berkeley, Calif., in May of1957.Claudia M. Durham, AM '55, of EastElmhurst, N. Y., is a consultant in maternal and child health nursing for theNational League for Nursing.GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.DecoratingPainting3123Lake Street Wood FinishingPhoneKEdiie 3-3186Producersof PrintedAdvertisingin ColorAround the ClockMilton H- Kreines '27101 East Ontario, Chicago 11WHitehafl 4-5922-3-4Webb-Linn Printing Co*Specializing in theproduction ofSCIENTIFICMEDICALTECHNICALBOOKSMOnroe 6-2900THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEColin ParkPalmer W. (Spike) Plnney, AB '54,and currently a graduate student oncampus, married Linda Libera, '57, inAugust. He was editorial assistant of theMagazine from October '55 to October '56,Colin Park, PhD '55, spoke to morethan 1,300 CPA's on "The CPA as aCitizen in His Community" at the 70thannual meeting of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountantsheld in New Orleans, La., in October.Park is a partner in a Buffalo accountingfirm, and Assistant Professor of Accounting and director of the executive development program at the University ofBuffalo. Anne Elder Parrott, AM '55, marriedRev. Douglas M. Parrott last July 13.He is a Presbyterian pastor in ColdSpring, N. Y.Lt. Daniel L, Kennedy, JD '56, has beenappointed legal staff officer for the 29thAir Division at Malstrom Air Force Base,Great Falls, Mont.Barry L. Siegel, MD '56, is a captain inthe Army, stationed at Fort Sam Houston,Tex.Perry Zevin, MD '56, graduated September 27, from the Army's medicalorientation course at Fort Sam Houston,Tex. He is a captain.Ernest C. Gray, MBA '56, has beennamed director of Lake Forest Hospital,Lake Forest, 111. His prior job as administrative assistant of University Hospitals of Cleveland is being filled byHarold L. Autrey, MBA '57. Gray spentalmost the whole of his three years atCleveland working with the constructionand development of Hanna Pavilion.Autrey and his wife, Margaret, havetwo children, Kim and Kent. Beforeenrolling in the hospital administrationcourse at the U of C he worked for apetroleum company.Florentino L. Martinez, AM '57, in anote to our mailing department, writes,"I am returning to my country, thePhilippines, to help in every way Ican in the development of a new republic in Asia. It is my fond hope thatwith the training I obtained from theUniversity of Chicago I can contribute,even if only in a small measure, towards world understanding, which is an essential requisite towards world peace."Leon A, McPherson Jr., AM '56, isin the last month of his six-month armytraining period at Ft. Sam Houston, Tex.He formerly taught high school in GlenEllyn, 111.C. P. Jelesnianski, AB '56, a captainin the Air Force, is stationed at the University's Department of Meteorology.Allen E, Ogard, PhD '57, has taken aposition with the University of California's Los Alamos Scientific Laboratoryas a chemist in the CBM (chemical andmetallurgical research) division. He wasformerly a research engineer with Westinghouse.ROCKEFELLERcould afford to pay $6, $7t $B, $9 andmore for vitamins. Can you? Our comprehensive 20 element formula supplies ALLvitamins and minerals for which need hasbeen established, plus 6 others, yet costsless than half the price of "name" brands.Why? Because we buy direct from themanufacturer. You save the commissionsof 4, even 5, middlemen. As to quality,MacNeal & Dashnau vitamins are made bya reputable 4-A pharmaceutical manufacturer established since 1833. They are unconditionally guaranteed! to meet all FDAand government standards. Your moneyback without question if you are not completely satisfied. 100 capsules, over threemonths' supply, $3.15.MacAfeai & 2^adJm&M(AM'52, UofC)P.O. Box 3651C-PhIIa. 25r Pa.ONE Tf/OUSAAfc> 'LIMBS A M/NUTEEvery working day the Sun Life of Canadapays out an average of one thousand dollars aminute to its policyholders and their heirs.Since organization $3 billion in policy benefitshas been paid by the company. Established for more than 60 years in theUnited States, the Sim Life today is one of thelargest life insurance companies in this country — active in 41 states and the District ofColumbia, and in Hawaii.SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADAFEBRUARY, 1958 31High IncomeOpportunityas Retail FieldConnsellorsFOR MEN WHOENJOY TEACHINGYou will receive $15,000-$20,000starting salary employing yourtaste for teaching in this highly unusual business organization.You will be associated with a wellestablished multi-million dollarleader in its industry.Field Counsellors become part ofour top level management team. Youwill meet with dealers to help themwith their merchandising, advertising, public relations, management,selling, real estate and indoctrination in an altogether unique businessphilosophy. You will also help toestablish new franchises for thisheavily nationally advertised serviceand product.We do not require you to have apresent knowledge of these subjects.You will be given intensive personaltraining in our home office in everyphase of your counselling activity.What we do expect from you is anestablished ability to communicate,instruct and inspire. We will lookto you not only to help our dealerswith their immediate practical problems, but also to inspire their senseof security in belonging to a groupwhose leadership is vitally concernedwith their success while scrupulouslyrespecting their independence.This, we have found through successful experience, is best achievedby men with a broad background inthe liberal arts or social sciences.It is self-evident, we believe, thatyou will be working in an intellectually congenial atmosphere withpeople strongly receptive to yourideas.Rarely has any new position offered such an exciting combination ofexecutive action, personal responsibility, growth potential and income.If you believe you qualify, we willwelcome your reply.Write in confidence to:Box MMUniversity of Chicago Magazine MemorialMaria Beatty, AB '95, of Chicago, diedin December. She retired from her position as an English teacher at EnglewoodHigh School in 1938, after 41 years ofservice.Howard Roosa, '96, of Albuquerque,N. M., died in the Presbyterian Sanatorium there on November 21.Willis C. Stephens, PhB '02, retiredPurdue University mathematics instructor, died in the nursing home at Linden,Ind., on December 12. He had been illfor six years, but his death was unexpected.Dr. Paul D. McCarty, MD '06, of Tower,Minn., died in April.Harriett M. Allyn, SM '10, PhD 12,died July 7, in Los Angeles, Calif. Shev/as Dean Emeritus at Mt. Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass.Professor James Nieuwdorp, SB '10, ofGrand Rapids, Mich., died June 10.Dr. Hazel Kyrk, '10, PhD '20, who diedAugust 6, was erroneously reported inthe December Memorial to have beenProfessor Emeritus of Economics at Goucher College, and to have received herPhD in '02. Dr. Kyrk was ProfessorEmeritus at the University of Chicago,and received her PhD in 1920.Edward Munden, AM '11, of FortWorth, Tex., died September 9.Martha F. Green Sawyer, PhB '13, diedAugust 7. Her husband is Ralph A.Sawyer, PhD '19.PHOTOPRESS, INC.OFFSET-LITHOGRAPHYFine Color Work a SpecialtyQuality Book ReproductionCongress St. Expressway andGardner RoadCOlumbus 1-1420POND LETTER SERVICE, Inc.Everything in LettersHooven Typewriting MimeographingMultigraphing AddressingAddressograph Service MailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones: 219 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, Illinois Chalottee M. Porter, '13, died July 4,in Breckenridge, Colo. She was one ofthe early pioneers of social work, working with Jane Addams at Hull House inChicago.Charles Dana Higgs, PhB '14, died suddenly in his home at Fontana, Wis., lastJune 12. A scholar of wide reputationin the fields of archeological history andastronomy, Higgs was at one time a staffmember of Yerkes Observatory. He alsohad been a Fontana village official for33 years.Flora Bryson, SB '16, AM '21, died inJune in Sweetwater, Tenn. She had beena teacher in the Education Departmentof Hiwassee College for 25 years, and,though retired, was continuing to lead auseful life on that campus at the time ofher death.John Joseph Gilbert, '16, of Rye, N. H.,died November 10.Charles Stern, PhB '17, retired ownerand manager of the Cinema Theater,died May 27, in Chicago.Maple T. Harl, '17, Director of FederalDeposit Insurance Corp., in Washington,D. C, died April 17.Solomon L. Zax, PhB '17, of BeverlyHills, Calif., died on April 30.Imogene D. Willard, SM '20, died inRed Bluff, Calif., on November 12.Foster E. Guyer, PhD '20, of Hanover,N. H., died November 9.Dr. Lewis A. Curry, MD '21, of Topeka, Kans., died at St. Francis Hospitalthere on August 11. He had suffered astroke in July.Olga J. Johnson, PhB '28, of MuskegonHeights, Mich., died October 28.Dr. Samuel Barton Braden, '29, ofMcPherson, Kan., died November 9. Thebody was sent to New Castle, Pa., to beburied by the side of his wife.Sarah Jane Brittenham, PhB '32, a retired teacher living in Long Beach, Calif.,died October 29.Norma G. Rosendahl, PhB '33, of Chicago, died on June 22.Dr. Ewing Lee Turner, MD '34, of LosAngeles, Calif., died July 24, in SanDiego, Calif.Henrietta A. Pell, AM '54, of Clarinda,Iowa, died December 8, from injuriessuffered in an auto accident.32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDOES AHONEYBEEHAVE ANANSWER TOCANCER?¦\V*-,„t';T-v"4--' ^i^j^fe^ ¦i\ ¦ ¦ S-k^&i ^^1- ^S-#f ?^H-•*.¦.¦-¦-£ ^feS '^^^^^ K >¦'-- -Mouse and man, worm and wasp, pig and protozoa—these are some of the twenty-eight living things usedin the American Cancer Society's nation-wideresearch program.Scientists rely most — in 189 projects — on man;next comes the mouse — in 139 studies — and thereis even a honeybee helping one scientist in his searchfor facts that may save the quarter of a millionAmericans now dying each year of cancer.Many organisms. Many laboratories. Many hundreds of scientists. Together they make up a balancedprogram of research with freedom and flexibility,reaching across the country and across scientific disciplines, to tap the best minds and the best ideas.From these twenty-eight organisms science is getting facts that may save more lives tomorrow. Butwhat of today? What of you?With early diagnosis, half of those with cancer cannow be cured if treated promptly. If you have cancer,you may well be saved — but only if you give yourdoctor a chance. Go to him for an annual healthcheckup . . . not because you feel ill, but because youfeel good and want to stay that way.The worm and the wasp, the pig and the protozoawill provide the answers for tomorrow: for today,see your family doctor.i#^?" «MC%¦ :HI^?-fc:llA.:i'-%..>',^l :M^*MM»3!«§ilf Remember Milton Mayer'sstory ofWilliam. Rainey Harperwhich ran in 3 partsin our 1956October, November,and December issues?The Alumni Association has now published thisstory in an attractive 82-page booklet calledYOUNG MAN IN A HURRYcomplete with all original pictures and cartoonsDrop a postal card toThe University of Chicago Alumni Association5733 University AvenueChicago 37, Illinois and say:Please send a copy of"Young Man in a Hurry'1 toName . .Address We want every member of the AlumniAssociation who would like a copy of"Young Man in a Hurry" to receive thisbook with our compliments. Fascinatingreading — an attractive addition to yourlibrary table or office reception roomcArthur Si. Cahill; PresidentThe Alumni Association