UNIVERSITYDECEMBER 1957*\*.k\ \1 Jt&Sfr1 1 p^'PiipwiP11 j i!V*m NEW CONSTRUCTIONPROJECTSPAGE 16^.-tey.liWC tj»ffi ^Ifl^;::; T<viiipilii '' ^ 1 if? %*r:• v- . v j .^{S^* »*^^,.;, ,- ¦v. *-/.^ ..' - -v-. -;»-^K . ,.&*-&^&SANTA'S HELPERS. Telephone operators Carolyn M. Kraatz and Arlene P. Halgin, of New York City, symbolize the country-wide spirit of Christmas giving.Telephone Folks Will Play Santafor Thousands of KidsAs you read this, telephone operators allover the country are dressing thousands ofdolls for distribution to children's homesand hospitals at Christmas.Throughout the Bell System, thousandsof other telephone men and women are col lecting food, candy, toys and dollars for thoseless fortunate than themselves.It's a telephone tradition— and a naturalone. The spirit of service and the spirit ofChristmas arc close together. And telephonefolks try to be good citizens all year 'round.Wording together to bring people together ...BELL TELEPHONE S YST E M PjMemojmThe Britannica StoryOn the flyleaf of each volume of theEncyclopaedia Britannica is the shield ofThe University of Chicago and the University's motto: "Let knowledge growfrom more to more and thus be humanlife enriched."Most Chicago alumni are aware thattheir University has some sort of connection with the Britannica — just what thisconnection is, few know. To clear upthis mystery for our members, this storywill be told in an early 1958 issue of theMagazine.The story will be taken from a manuscript just completed which may be called"The Great EB." It is the fascinating history of the Encyclopaedia Britannica written by alumnus Herman S. Kogan, '36,book and drama critic for the ChicagoSun-Times. This history is being printedby the University of Chicago Press and isscheduled to be published for springrelease.Operation MoonshooterThe other day the comptroller of theCuneo Press in Chicago telephoned meand asked: "What is Operation Moon-shooter?" His company had bid on it.Operation Moonshooter was born in theeditorial offices of the Saturday EveningPost. A group of eastern alumni editors,near Philadelphia, had been invited tospend the day with the Post editors, whohad become impressed with alumni magazines. Said these Post editors:"You are doing a good job telling thestory of your own campuses. But you arenot giving your alumni perspective. Whatabout higher education in general — itsachievements, its frustrations, its excitement, its hopes? What is higher education doing for the individual and for thenation? Why do you all fight shy of thebig story?"From this conference grew an informalorganization called "The Associated Editors." It was made up of fifteen topalumni editors from the CaliforniaMonthly to the New Hampshire Alumnus(including Chicago) to tackle "the bigstory." They came up with a plan soimpossible that they tagged it "OperationMoonshooter," and went to work.They assessed each magazine represented two-thirds of one month's manufacturing budget and agreed to provide athirty-two-page insert on higher education for a late spring issue. Each magazine could break near- even by adding only a few local pages to that issue.Moonshooter is right! This experimentcould fall flat on its moonstruck face. Onthe other hand, so impressive are theplans and the stories already in progressthat nearly a hundred alumni magazineshave ordered close to a million copies.To cover these stories with illustrations,Erich Hartmann, whose work is familiarto Fortune readers, has left his New Yorkoffices with Moonshooter assignments topoints north, west, and south.You will be among the first of thesemillion to read the stories in your Aprilissue. Cuneo Press has accepted the name(which will not appear in the insert, ofcourse) and the printing order.Condemned PromotionThere were two schools of thoughtabout our fall membership promotion:1. Feature the Magazine subscription,with membership incidental, becausemost alumni think of membershiponly as a subscription.2. Feature membership, which includesa Magazine subscription, becausemembership promotes the alumniprogram as well as the Magazine.The Communications Committeethought the Magazine should be featured— particularly this year with a national -award publication. So membership tooksecond place in our first fall promotion.With no knowledge of the debate, RickPrairie, former Student -Alumni Committee member, reacted like a well-informedalumnus:Dear Mr. Mort:Your mailing which came today caughtme up short. I've neglected to renew mymembership in the Alumni Association.Well, I'm taking care of that matter rightnow.I didn't realize the significance [of theMagazine Award] until I read the reprintof your column . . . My heartiest congratulations.However, I wish to differ with the sentiment expressed in the reply envelope.It states that a subscription to the magazine includes membership in the . . .Alumni Association. On the contrary,membership includes, as an added benefit, the magazine subscription.Even if there were no magazine, thevalue received from being a member ofthe Alumni Association would far exceedthe monetary cost of membership — and Ispeak from personal experience, as youwell know.I believe your personal sentiments liefairly close to my own on this matter. Asa one-shot effort to increase membership,perhaps the present sample of advertisingis justifiable. But certainly as a long- range advertising and recruitment policy,it must be condemned. The Association isalways more important than any one ofits parts, no matter how distinguishedthey may be.So, that's off my chest . . .Richard Prairie ['56, SB '57]Rick may be able to point to proof.Many prepaid envelopes contain no subscriptions but notes of congratulations onwinning the national magazine award and"sorry I already have more literaturethan I can read.""Who Goofed?"Ross Harrison, '36, is doubly irritated.Back in July he wrote from his homein Darien, Conn., on a subject which hadbeen "gnawing at me for over ten years.. . . Man's first controlled chain reactiontook place in the racquets court underthe West Stands— not in a squash court."Ross documented this correction: "Aracquets court is 60 feet long, 30 feetwide, and 30 feet high ... of heavymasonry ... a squash court is 31xl81/2x20... of wood. Furthermore, the StaggField squash courts are substandard . . .and could not have accommodated thepile."According to the late Dr. Dudley Reed,then director of Student Health Service,the court was donated by Harold McCor-mick about the time of World War Iwhen the Chicago Racquet and TennisClub was being built. Apparently racquets courts are built by only one firm inthe world, an English company holdingthe patents on the construction method.The English crew being in Chicago erecting the Club courts, McCormick reasonedit was a good time to do a turn for theUniversity . . ."It is ironical that this magnificentcourt, rarely used for its intended purpose, attained its ultimate fame as thebirthplace of the world's first fission pileunder the rather ignominious title ofsquash court . . . Please don't refer to itagain as a squash court."Three months later the October issueof the Magazine came off the press,carrying a picture story of the condemned West Stands and the death ofthe "transformed squash court."That did it! Ross ripped the offendingpage out of his copy, circled "squashcourt" in red pencil, and wrote in themargin: "A really pathetic treatment ofa story with lots of romance and background." Back he shot it to Chicago andin a letter demanded "Who goofed?"To Ross Harrison of Scientific American, who played racquets with the lateDr. Dudley Reed under the West Standsduring his student days, my apologies.Henceforth, we shall quash the squash.H.W.M.DECEMBER, 1957 1CHICAGOWEDGWOODDINNER PLATESFour plates to each set withFour different campus scenes1 ROCKEFELLER CHAPEL2 MITCHELL TOWER3 HULL COURT GATE4 HARPER LIBRARYIdeal Christmas gifts. Break up a set and makefour gifts if you wishThe Alumni Association5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEnclosed find $ for which please send me thefollowing Wedgwood Ware: (immediate delivery) : set(s) of Chicago dinner plates at $12(Not sold singly)NAME.........ADDRESS.. THE PLATESTen-inch Traditional QueensWare in Williamsburg sepia andDysert glaze. Borders arefrom Gothic design on Ryerson.Delivered to your doors12 per setfttTfuS [sssueWhen we came across an article inAmericas, last August, carrying thebyline Otis Imboden, we wrote asking ifhe was the same Otis Imboden whoearned a master's degree at the University in '52 and later directed the University Theatre. Weeks later came hisreply, our letter having finally caught upwith him in the interior of Panama."Yes," he wrote, "I'm the same OtisImboden, or at least what's left of thatU.C. grad after two and a half years ofdeterioration in these tropic climes."Otis was director of University Theatrefrom '52 to '54 and was in the process oforganizing a University film productionservice when he received his call to UncleSam's colors in late '54."The rigors of military duty at FortAmador here in the Canal Zone — the'Country Club of the Caribbean' — ," according to Otis, "were relieved only byoccasional skin-diving, sailing, week-endflying jaunts, etc. As an antidote for thistedium, I took a part-time job with theStar & Herald — Latin America's oldestcontinuously operating English- languagedaily — after my discharge in October'56, I stayed on the Isthmus and went towork for the Pan American Highway'sDarien Subcommittee. They call me 'Director de Relacciones Publicas' — Latinslove titles — which means I've been inand out of the jungle this past year making a couple of small films on the highway exploration work, writing articles,lecturing, and serving as photographerand guide for visitors to our Darienregion."Otis' varied talents and wit are ablydemonstrated as he takes us "Across theDarien Gap" (pp. 4-10) exploring for ahighway route to link the Americas.THE recently renamed University ofChicago Service League now totalsa membership of over six hundred, andjust about that many turned out forthe annual homecoming party this year(see Page 18) filling the Hotel del Pradoballroom to overflowing.What happens to the scientist oncehe ventures beyond ivy walls andenters industry? Morris Stein's penetrating analysis of "Creativity in AmericanLife" (pp. 11-15) poses many questionswith broad implications for our society. /^^I^/* *~~ UNIVERSITYMAGAZINE ^} DECEMBER, 1957Volume 50, Number 3FEATURES4 Across the Darien GapI I Creativity in American Life16 New Construction Projects18 Those Designing Women Otis ImbodenDEPARTMENTSI Memo Pad3 In This Issue20 News of the Quadrangles24 Books25 Class News31 MemorialCOVERRamp leading from entrance on Woodlawn avenue of new women'sdormitory provides temporary board walk for student residentsNorma Schmidt and Dalia Grebliunas as work continues on uncompleted portions of building. Photo is by Morton Shapiro. For newsof latest construction projects turn to Page 16.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEditor Editorial AssistantMELANIA SOKOL M. ROSS QUILLIANTHE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONExecutive Secretary-EditorHOWARD W. MORTAdministrative AssistantRUTH G. HALLORANRegional DirectorsCLARENCE A. PETERS (Eastern)WILLIAM H. SWANBERG (Western) The Alumni FundORLANDO R. DAVIDSONFLORENCE I. MEDOWStudent RecruitmentMARJORIE, BURKHARDTProgrammingELIZABETH A. SHAWPublished monthly, October through June, by The University of Chicago Alumni Association,5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois Annual subscription price, $4.00. Single copies,25 cents. Entered as second class matter December I, 1934, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois,under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising agent: The American Alumni Council, B A. Ross,director, 22 Washington Square, New York, N. Y.DECEMBER, 1957 31 remember our fifth grade teacher,Mrs. Grace, very well because shewas a traveler. At least, she'd beento Italy one summer and she'd seenPompeii and had photos of the Isleof Capri. She told the class a lot ofthings about Central America, too.I don't think she had been there, butwe liked that day's geography lessonbecause to us in Tennessee, CentralAmerica seemed closer. She told usabout the Pan American Highwayand how some day we could drivedown to the Panama Canal.The question naturally came up,why couldn't we drive right intoSouth America? That was when shementioned Darien. She showed uson the wall map that there was noth-Across theDarien GapBy Otis Imboden, AM '524 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEing but jungle and swamps betweenthe Canal and Colombia, and shesaid that nobody had ever travelledfrom one end of the Isthmus to theother. She told us about pirates andSpaniards who had crossed Darienfrom ocean to ocean and how theIndians were supposed to have secretgold mines there. But she said thatonly one or two people had evertried to travel the length of the jungle, and they were forced to turnback because of mosquitoes, heat,and fevers.Some years later, in 1955, when Iwas fresh out of the University, I wasshipped off as a member of UncleSam's peacetime army to defend thePanama Canal, I found myself withan assignment that couldn't havebeen better if I'd chosen it. An information specialist on the ''Panamadesk," I was to help collect and digestdata on the economy, sociology, andgeography of the young nation thatsurrounds the Canal.One day I was detailed to pay acall on the Panamanian CartographyService. Tomas Guardia, Jr., chiefof the mapping office, had recentlyfinished his first trek through theDarien jungle as far as the Colombian border. He said he was drawing up a report for the PermanentExecutive Committee of the PanAmerican Highway Congresses andwould seek official support for a fullexploration program as a first stepin linking the Panamanian andColombian road systems.Guardia had learned a great dealfrom the first junket. His report wasthe opening round in a battle tobreak down the myth of Darien —adventurers' tall tales of head-hunters who blow poison darts from thetree tops, of swarming blood -suckinginsects, of bottomless morasses, offerocious jaguars and wild boars —which had led highway engineers towrite ofT the area as hopeless. Hehad a healthy respect for the jungleand its hazards, but his observationsas an engineer had convinced him that a highway through Darien wasfeasible.Hardly more than a short dryseason later, I talked with Guardiaagain. At last, official steps werebeing taken to conquer Darien. Aninternational subcommittee had beenset up in Panama City in August1955, to collect maps, aerial photographs, hydrographic data, and information of every sort bearing on theultimate location of the highway.Guardia told me the subcommitteewas planning the first full-scale exploration trip through Darien as faras the Colombian road system. TheColombian representative on thesub-committee, an engineer namedJorge Garcia Tellez, who had justarrived in Panama, was eager to seeDarien. Also going along as an observer was a young Englishman,Brian Acworth, who was planning adrive from Alaska to Tierra delFuego over the Pan American Highway route and wanted to see if itwould be possible to take a jeepthrough. Guardia wasn't optimisticabout Acworth's chances of gettinga vehicle through the jungle, but hisstand seemed to be: "If he's crazyenough to try, we'll do what we canto help."Acworth was interested in recording the trip on film, and since I hadhad experience in that line, heand Guardia suggested I come alongas documentary-movie-maker. TheArmy was also interested in dataabout Darien, an area critical fordefense of the Canal. My request forleave was expedited by the Chief ofStaff, and before the week was out,I found myself in the role of chiefbottle-washer, film-maker, and unofficial military observer for theDarien jaunt.While we were laying plans,Acworth flew to Guatemala. Hejeeped his way back along the recently cut roadbed in the Guatemalan gap of the highway and hikedacross beaches to skirt the unfinishedstretch between Costa Rica and Otis ImbodenPanama. He brought back a fifthexpedition member, George Holton,a U.S. photographer living in Guatemala who spends his time freelancing in the farthest corners of nowhere. When they reached Panama,they were sunburned to a ripe lobster color and were painfully footsore. The sixth and last man to jointhe party was Amado Arauz, a youngcartographer who would check ouradvance against maps and the fewair photos of the area.By this time supplies and equipment were packed. Advance provisions had been shipped ahead withinstructions to a support crew torendezvous with us at the Chu-cunaque River.On a beautifully clear Monday,April 9, we gave our knapsacks afinal check and bundled everythinginto a pick-up truck and a pair ofofficial sedans for the thirty-two-miledrive to Chepo. There the Panamasection of the Pan American Highway ends abruptly at a small concrete landing called La Capitana,overlooking the shallow MamoniRiver. On the other side there isnothing but jungle.Continued on next pageAuthor Otis Imboden filmed thefirst expedition to travei the lengthof the Darien from the end of thePan American Highway in Pan a in ato the beginning of th f* road net-work in South A in erica* l*h oto graphsa ntt pen -and -in k sketches reproducedhere are from his camera and pen.DECEMBER, 1957 o>.-#?'*^1?*?*::&&wPanama section of the Pan American Highway ends abruptlyat concrete landing overlooking M anion i Hirer at i'.hepo.h.3fy."^4.JMat ives fell a huge balsam tree lo open a clearing. Clearingsmake it easier to find trails and routes in aerial photographs,Exploration party found islets and river banks made bestcamp sites. The water is pure and game is plentiful. DARIEN GAP continuedThe Mamoni is a tributary of theBayano River. At La Capitana, wemet the boatmen who were to ferryus up the Bayano to the heart of theCima Indian territory and loadedour gear into two slender canoescalled piraguas. As each knapsackand case of rations was added, thedugout sank deeper into the wateruntil only an inch or two of freeboard remained when we finallyclimbed aboard, balancing to keepfrom rocking and shipping water.The piragua is a marvelous craft,rugged and well adapted for thetough going of jungle rivers. Ourcanoes, each carved from a single log,were about thirty- five feet long.Ten-horsepower outboard motorsgave them a cruising speed of sixor eight knots, even though theywere heavily loaded and beatingagainst the river current.We pushed north and east overthe broad lower reaches of theMamoni between small farms edgingthe shores. We made good time andat midday reached El Llano, the lastoutpost.Each of our canoes carried threecrewmen: a forward look-out, amotorman, and an auxiliary pole-pusher. The boatmen's technique isa skill learned in a lifetime on junglestreams. As the canoe glides along,they stand on small fiat platforms atthe tip of prow and stern, casuallydefying the laws of gravity. Themotor operator is recognized as thecaptain of the craft and handles thehelm with implacable authority. Theforward look-out is alert to everychange in the river's mood. Snags,sudden shallows, floating debris-allare threats to the vulnerable outboard engine. On signal from thefront man, the motor operator mustbe ready in a split instant to swerveaside or tilt up the motor to avoidan obstruction.There were plenty of obstructionsas we wound our way along theBayano. April is the beginning of therainy season, but the river was stilllow from the preceding three monthsof dry weather. Every curve had acharacter of its own. Here a bar ofgravel had built up on the slower-flowing inner edge of a bend. Theregiant boulders rose to within a fewinches of the water's surface. It was6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe look-out's job to choose a channel through the hazards and coaxthe canoe prow into the proper slotwith a few proddings of his longpalanca or push-pole.Around nightfall we approachedthe Indian reservations and our firstCuna village at Maje. At Guarclia'ssuggestion we camped for the evening on an island in the river, wanting for morning to test the tribalhospitality. While the others startedthe fire and began preparations forour first jungle -style meal, Acworthand I found a soft, sandy area between a large log and the steep bankof the inner part of the island.We had spread our hammocks overthe sand and our makeshift boudoirwas all arranged when one of theboatmen remarked that the placelooked extremely inviting — forsnakes. It took us a long while tofall asleep that evening. Brian saidit was the strong coffee, but I'm surethe possibility of sharing our bedswith reptiles had something to dowith it.At Maje the townsfolk werefriendly enough but discouraginglycamera-shy. The women in theircolorful hand -sewn mola blousesscampered for cover as soon as weraised our cameras. After muchhand-shaking and discussion, the town's chief blessed our mission andsent one of his lieutenants to serveas our guide to the next town.Again we pushed upriver. By nowwe were finding rapids and shallows,where everyone had to climb out andwalk along the rocks of the river bed,hoisting the canoes over the roughspots.Our fourth day brought us to thevillage of Piria, the highest pointnavigable by canoes. There the Indians remembered and welcomedTomas Guardia. The Piria "TownHall" or assembly-hut served as ourbivouac. The tribe gathered on thebenches of the assembly hall like ahockey-match audience to watch theexpedition prepare supper and hanghammocks for the night.From Piria we began the overlandportion of our trip. Cuna Indian porters helped carry equipment and ledthe way over trails that turned andtwristed into the hills toward the topof the watershed forming the BayanoValley. The Cunas are a small people, but stout and hardy. They seta fast pace over narrow log bridges,up wet clay banks, and through tangles of jungle underbrush. The stifling humidity and the treacherousfooting on slippery hillsides madethat first day's hike of some twentymiles seem like a forced march of at least twice the distance. At nightfall we halted in the town of Canazas.Again we were the center of attraction as we put up our hammocks andgave our support ime performancefor the local populace.The next morning we enlisted newbearers and the trek continued tothe high divide between the BayanoRiver system, which lay behind us,and the Chucunaque Valley aheadto the east. From the top of the lowridge we slipped and straggled another twenty miles to the town ofUala. The Ualans so appreciated ourevening performance that they returned the favor with a performanceof their own — a weird serenade onhome-made flutes that lasted most ofthe night.From Uala wre were river-borneagain, this time in tiny three -manpiraguas that bobbed like match-sticks in the rapids of the upper river.The Indians, balancing at prow andstern with their long push -poles,were like high- wire artists. Everyripple in the boiling white watersmeant a snag or rock that could dumppassengers and cargo into the froth.That evening we pulled ashore atthe junction of the tributary and themain Chucunaque River. This wasour point of rendezvous with a largerContinued on next pageIn shallow spot9 crew pushes canoe over obstacle*.«¦„ ^ ^**--DECEMBER,' 1957 7DARIEN GAP continuedcanoe dispatched upriver from thetown of El Real.Because of swollen waters and logjams, that upriver trip had requiredfive days. Now, the boatmen warned,the river was falling and the logjams would be even worse. Weloaded the remainder of our gearinto the one large canoe, ready foran early start the next morning.The trip began easily enough. Despite its heavy load, the big canoemade good time. But there was agreat deal of trash floating in theriver, left by heavy rains of the pastweek. After the first hour, troublebegan. Here a snag had caught afloating log that had to be pushedaway. Over there trees had fallenacross the stream and left only a tinypassage where the piragua couldsqueeze through.By mid -morning the snags hadgrown to full -sized log jams and theonly way through was to carve apassage with axes and machetes. Atone point a huge tree trunk hungacross the stream eighteen inchesabove the water. We shifted cargoand by lying flat in the bottom of thepiragua managed to slide under withonly an inch or two to spare.At another place a half- submergedtrunk had backed up the water toform a miniature waterfall. Withaxes the crewmen cut a notch in thelog. The motorman took the canoeback for a running start and headedinto the notch at full speed. Thesloping prow struck and slid up ontothe log. The heavy craft's momentumcarried it toward. With split- secondtiming the motorman lifted his outboard to keep it from striking thelog. The canoe literally jumped overthe obstruction and landed with aheavy splash on the other side.Next we came across a log jamthat had become a permanent fixture,rising and falling with the floods.Debris had piled behind the mainjam in a broad, thick clog of floatingchips, twigs, vines, canes, and roots.Grass had even begun to grow on thejam's wide surface, so that it seemedmore like an island spanning theentire river. This time we had tounpack all our gear and portage itdownstream to clear water. Then theboatmen began the laborious job oftearing a passage through the matted flotsam. Two boatmen preceded theboat in water up to their necks. Halfswimming and half pulling themselves by the submerged branchesand vines, they hauled the piraguaalong until it stuck fast in the tangleof driftwood. Then, standing on themore solid parts of the matted debris,all the expedition members graspedthe piragua and, inch by inch, liftedit, sliding it forward to the main logof the jam. Finally, with one goodheave, we pushed the canoe over toclear water on the other side.This may sound like an easy taskto people accustomed to portageswith light canoes of the North Woodsvariety. But the large Darien piraguawe were using weighed perhaps halfa ton.When we reached a tiny lumbercamp that night, it was like returningto civilization. The boss of the camp,who was from Missouri, extended thehospitality of his headquarters andprovided a good, hot home-cookedmeal. The next day of downrivertravel was a welcome rest. Therewas time for hunting wild turkeyor ducks and scaly iguana lizards.The boatmen insisted the iguanamakes good eating despite the factthat it is one of the world's ugliestcreatures.Leaving the upper Chucunaquealso meant leaving Cuna territory.Cuna lands in the upper Bayano areset aside by law as a reservation.The tribe also claims a large area inthe upper Chucunaque. This has notbeen ratified by the PanamanianGovernment, but no one conteststheir ownership and the Cunas areseldom troubled by outsiders.The lower Chucunaque and thearea nearer the Colombian border isChoco territory. The Chocos are theIndians most often maligned in talesabout Darien. A nation quite distinct from the Cunas, the Chocoshave no villages or tribes. They aresemi-migratory and dwell independently in small one- or two -familygroups. Possibly because of theirsavage appearance, they have stirredthe imaginations of the myth-makers.The everyday Choco dress consistsof a small G- string and a generouscoating of dark body paint — the dyeof a native berry. Choco women wearonly a simple sarong.Despite their primitive appearance,they proved more friendly than their Cuna cousins. As a roving people,the Chocos have more contact withthe downriver towns. Their way oflife has been modified to some extentby a lucrative commerce in bananas,plantains, and rice.Instead of hunting and tending tinyfamily garden plots, they trade theirproduce to the banana boats whichcome upriver on high tide. Along thelower river we saw heavily loadedpiraguas hauling plantains down forsale or returning with goods boughtat the trading-post towns of Yavizaor El Real.For us, El Real, mid-point and reststop for the expedition, was an oasisin the jungle. After a day's lay-over,we pushed on again, this time up theTuira River to its tributary the Pay a.Two days of winding and climbingtook us upstream to the town ofPaya, Panama's last outpost beforethe Colombian border.Paya is a strangely mixed place.Far from any Cuna reservation, itstill has several families of Cuna Indians. The only other inhabitantsare indistinguishable Panamanian andColombian citizens who live byworking small but rich plots of banana land. The only store in town(and it wouldn't be a town exceptfor the store) is operated by thecommandant and sole member ofthe local police force. With his aidwe leased the services of five hardyColombian porters to show us theTubun Ridge trail.Tubun Ridge is a series of elongated hills dividing the waters of theTuira River system in Panama fromthose of the Atrato River basin inColombia. The trail from Paya townrises gently along the banks of theupper Paya River and then turnsinto the hills, clinging always to thespine of the narrow ridges. Here thetrails are hardly more than bare footpaths. The wonder is that there wasany path at all, since traffic is almostnonexistent and the jungle constantlyrenews the heavy underbrush. Vines,palms, saw grass, and every sort ofcreeping, trailing, or climbing planthad all but swallowed up the narrowpassage.Following the trail was more likeswimming through the underbrushthan walking. It was impossible topass upright; dodging and twisting,we ducked under the vines and between trunks of spiny black palms.8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJLBeads and nose-rings are a vital necessity for even the youngest Cuna ladies.m s^S"?> -v,o.¦%J§^"i'hoco Indian boys lock in "battle" Hair-pullingis a friendly sport practiced on festive occasions,ACROSS THE DARIEN GAP continued on next pageDECEMBER, 1957 9DARIEN GAP continuedStrangely, the biggest trees grewalong the crests of the ridges; we hadto scramble over or around an interminable number of knee-high oreven waist -high roots.Our camp for the night was a tinylean-to of dried palm leaves on oneof the highest ridges. Our guidesslid dowm one side of the hill andcame back with fresh water. According to their report, we were campedon the narrow ridge dividing Panamaand Colombia. The water, they said,had come from a stream that emptiesinto Colombia. That night Arauz andI hung our hammocks from treeshalf over Panama and half over asheer drop down to Colombian territory.Following the trail into Colombiarequired three days. On the secondday we descended the face of thehighest ridge, Tubun proper. On thethird day we broke out of the jungleinto a hillside clearing. In the distance we saw the green valley of theAtrato; the river itself lay in loopslike a gigantic silver ribbon.Our trail ended at an abandonedsugar plantation. Sautata, the plantation's once-thriving sugar port onthe Atrato River, is a ghost villagenow. On the other side of the Atrato,however, a new town is rising.Puerto Libre is a flag-stop for theriver boats that serve as the onlytransportation between the seacoastand the tiny mining and lumber villages of the far interior. One of theseriverboats, a creaking and sodden oldhulk with brand-new diesel engines,* % ^ ill{a*jft*4' little. Wefikt«.t. carried us on the final leg of ourjourney to Turbo and the beginningof the South American road network.We arrived April 24, fifteen daysafter leaving Panama City.In Turbo, our mission completed,we took a short stroll on the dirtroadway that ties the little lumberingtown to Colombia and the rest ofthe continent. The only motor vehiclewe found in operating condition wasan ancient taxi that had come fromMedellin on a special fare.As wTe waited in the modern hotelfor the plane that would fly us backto Panama, Acworth began to lay hisplan of attack on Darien by jeep —pontoons for the rivers, dynamite forthe log jams, prefabricated beams tobridge the gullies. Meanwhile, GarciaTellez mapped out alternative routesfor subsequent explorations by theDarien subcommittee. Our trip hadshown him every sort of terrainfound in Darien. Possible bridgelocations, ridge altitudes, and soiltypes were noted as the beginning ofa data -collection program that willend only with the final choice of alocation for the roadbed of the PanAmerican Highway.In the fifteen months following thatfirst expedition, the Darien subcommittee set to work to carve thefirst preliminary trails from Chepoto the Atrato River and the beginningof Colombia's road net. Crews livingoff the land and following a compasscourse through the jungle vegetationcut more than six hundred miles ofpathway along two separate routes.Each mile of preliminary trail wasmeasured off, careful notes kept onlandmarks, stream crossings, evidences of flooding, inclines, etc.Soundings were taken in the riverlowlands of Colombia (in one placemud ninety feet deep was found).Alternate routes avoiding the lowlands were cut to the south alongthe ridges of Colombia's Pacific coast.As a result when the Seventh PanAmerican Highway Congress met inPanama City during August of thisyear, the subcommittee was ready topresent a detailed report of terrainconditions and engineering problems,together with its proposal of the so-called Southern Route as the mostfeasible location for the roadway inPanama. The subcommittee pointedout that most of the "unconquerable"technical problems of the jungle — the forbidding terrain, isolation fromsupply points, danger of disease —are just as mythological as the talesof head-hunters. Field teams foundmuch of the area is vegetation-covered table-land, above the floodbasins of jungle rivers. Staging pointsand supply access routes have beenworked out for each survey sector,and the engineers have shown theycan stave off the dangers of the unheal thful tropical climate.The Seventh Highway Congressendorsed the Southern Route. In itsmore important role, the Congressserved to focus official attention onthe Darien as the most urgent problem blocking completion of the PanAmerican Highway. Representativesof the twenty American republics(only Haiti was unable to attend)voted with unanimous agreement thatall the American nations have astake in the future roadway. Actingon the urging of the Organization ofAmerican States (OAS) Presidents'Representatives (who listed theDarien road plan among the five mostimportant projects for the economicdevelopment of Latin America), theCongress charged its permanent executive body to set the machinery inmotion for final survey and blueprinting of the Darien highway. ThePermanent Executive Committee isalso at work to draw up an equitableplan for mutual financing of the finalstudies and actual construction. Untilthe final survey, of course, no onecan give exact estimates of the roadcost, but Tomas Guardia, basing hisfigures on costs-per-mile in similarsectors in Central America, predictsan expenditure of forty million dollars for an all-weather road and between sixty and a hundred millionfor a paved highway.When do we drive from North toSouth America? Guardia's answer isthis: "If you give us the bulldozersand crews so we can turn them loosetomorrow, I promise you can driveyour car over the Darien highwaywithin iive years. If that seems liketoo long a wait, give us a check forthe full cost and we'll see if we can'tdo it in three."iliilReprinted from Americas, monthly magazine published I»v the Pan American Union in English,Spanish and Portuguese.illililJjJililJIiilliliillilillillllilllllM10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcreativity inA mericanhfehow does the highly creative mandiffer from those around him?does our culture encourageor stifle his creative impulse?studies by a U of C psychologist of the creativeman in industry imply some unexpected answersThis article is a sampling from thewriting and research of Dr. Morris I.Stein, Associate Professor of Psychology at the University. The researchdescribed has been financed with theaid of grants from the Research Division of Armour and Company; theNational Institute of Mental Health ofthe U.S. Public Health Service; andthe Industrial Research Institute. Currently the Harris Foundation is providing much of the financing for theproject, for which the Center for theStudy of Creativity and MentalHealth has now been formed, withStein as Director.Stein's early research work wasdone at Harvard, and includes workin the Psychological Clinic and, duringthe war, in the Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory. From 1944-46 he helped the Army develop methods of evaluatingmen for Office of Strategic Serviceswork.He has been a staff psychologist andconsultant for the Veterans' Administration, and taught at Hebrew University in Israel. In 1955-56 he was aFellow at the Center for AdvancedStudy in the Behavioral Sciences atStanford, California.The parts of this article which arein quotes were taken directly fromStein's papers, mainly from two whichwere delivered at the American Psychological Association Convention heldin New York in September: Creativityand/or Success? by Stein and RobertR. Rogers, and Some Personality, Value, and Cognitive Characteristics ofthe Creative Person, by Sidney J.Blatt and Stein. Probably the one result of oursociety of which Americans aremost proud is the inventiveness andscientific achievement it has produced. But how does today's culturereally affect the person with a highpotential for creative work? Does itmaximize his creative impulse, orthwart it, and seduce the man whomight be creative into using his energy for other purposes?Professor Morris Stein of the Psychology Department is directing acomprehensive and penetrating scientific assault on the whole questionof creativity; what it is, how it looksin contemporary society, and whatsort of person the creative man is.In many ways, discovering how thehighly creative person differs fromothers is the easiest problem thatStein faces. He has been able to userelatively well -developed psychological techniques to show that highlycreative men are more autonomous,DECEMBER, 1957 11more detached from others, and moreself-confident than less creative menare.Using a problem-solving test, Steinand a research assistant, Sidney Blatt,also found that highly creative research chemists, even though theydid not solve the particular probleminvolved any more frequently thanless creative research chemists did,nevertheless approached the solutionin a significantly different way.Approach More DirectThe creative subject was less inclined to try for a quick solution bychance, and tried instead to understand the problem. He moved moreslowly, asking fewer questions, butmore pertinent ones. Less of his questions were about something he already knew, or could have figuredout from what he did already know.Said Stein, "It seems that in thisproblem the more creative subject isallowing his hypotheses for solutionto be developed from within theproblem rather than attempting tosuperimpose hypotheses onto it prematurely."These results are interesting, butit is in the other questions Stein posesabout creativity, those concerning thecultural and social influences on it,that his work may well prove mostvaluable.Stein had early decided that creativity involves not only originality,but the acceptance of the originalwork as significant by some groupat some time or other. He points outthat the delusions of a psychotic maybe original, but they are not creative.Thus, creativity itself must includecommunication of the original workto other people. Moreover, this communication must occur within thesociety's cultural limits, such as thoseimposed by its language.Divisions InappropriateTherefore, Stein reasoned, the traditional divisions of social science intopsychology, sociology, and anthropology are not appropriate in thestudy of creativity, because creativityis simultaneously an individual, social, and cultural phenomena.Stein has succeeded in using important theoretical concepts from all these social science fields — includingsociological "role theory" and ananthropological analysis of culturalvalues — as operating tools in the design and interpretation of his empirical research."Role theory" is the point of viewthat behavior is made up of various"bit parts" which people constantlyexpect each other to play, often several at the same time. One may beexpected to simultaneously act assomeone's father, someone else'sfriend, and someone else's employee.Such roles lend stability to societyby giving people some idea of how aperson will normally behave in a particular situation.During Stein's four-year continuing investigation of research chemists, he has found that they are expected to play five main roles whileon the job. These roles are: thescientific role, the professional role,the employee role, the social role, andthe administrative role.Stein combines this role theoryapproach with an analysis of the cultural forces which bear on the chemists while they are at work. "Imaginea society," he says, "in which thereare only two values: One, to be successful in the society; and the other,to be creative. With this fictitiousor not so fictitious, society in mind,several interesting questions arise."Stein has designed his research toinvestigate what closely approximatessuch a society. In doing this he hasdealt with over 600 industrial research chemists. An initial problem arose from thefact that in order to study one facetof personality, like creativity, youmust select subjects who differ asmuch as possible in that facet fromeach other, yet are alike in as manyother attributes as possible. To failto hold these latter factors constantwould be like trying to study theeffect of heating a gas without holding its volume constant.The subjects finally selected werealike in that they all held industrialjobs in which they were expected todo creative work in chemistry; allhad chemistry PhD's; all were under50 years old (average 35) ; and all hadbeen with their present employer forat least two years.Rate Each OtherIn order to get subjects that differed in creativity Stein had all thesubjects rate each other as to theircreativity or lack of it. Since theycame from all ranks in their respective companies, each man thus wasrated by his peers, his subordinates,as well as his superiors.On some men, there was disagreement as to the extent of their creativity. These subjects were eliminated from the sample. Also eliminatedwere those subjects rated in the middle range of the group. This leftStein with 67 of the original 600 subjects considered.Thirty-three of the 67 were reliably rated high in creative ability,relative to the average of the group,and 34 were rated low. Nevertheless, both groups, compared to theoverall population, were quite creative. The highs in creativity heldan average of three patents apiece;the lows, two apiece.Tested IndividuallyEach of the 67 men finally selectedwas tested individually for over 18hours. Part of this testing was usedto investigate the effect on the menof the two values, success and creativity. Each of the men was askedto rank a list of twelve behaviorskills. These included such things as"getting along with people," "originating ideas for useful products,""knowing the right people," andothers which will be described later.12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPhotograph by Stephen lewellynProfessor Morris 1. SteinFirst, the subject was instructed totake all twelve items and rank themaccording to their importance forsuccess in his company, starting withthe item which he believed paid offmost, and ending with that whichcounted the least for success.Second, using the same list, he wasinstructed to rank the abilities according to the extent to which hebelieved they should be rewarded inorder to promote the maximumamount of creative research in anorganization.This survey gave Stein a measureof the extent to which the kind ofbehavior that creativity as a valuecalls for agrees with, or conflicts with,the kind of behavior which successas a value calls for. Also, since hissubjects came from different positionsin their plants' hierarchies, the survey indicated whether or not chemists holding various positions in thesame organization see the same degree of agreement or conflict betweenthe two values.Differences PerceivedThe results clearly show that thebehavior abilities required to achievesuccess were perceived to be differentfrom those required for creativity,and that men lower in the industrialhierarchy, who actually conductmore research, perceived considerably more conflict between successand creativity than did top administrators. In other words, to men inthe highest rank (supervisors of labsof from 900 to 1800 men) the abilitiesdeemed necessary for success andfor creativity are very similar, but,as you descend the scale toward researchers who work alone, more andmore difference is perceived betweenbehavior considered leading to success and behavior considered leadingto creative work.Stein believes that the highly creative man, when he starts in industry,sees little relation between the behavior that leads to success and thatwhich makes a man creative, but thehigher he rises in his company, themore he comes to believe that theseare one and the same, as do hisbosses.''Here is what we believe to bethe shock effect of cross-cultural experience. Although the men in the lower ranks have been employed intheir respective companies for anaverage of four years, it is suggestedthat they are still under the influenceof their academic cultures in whichcontributions to scientific knowledgeare highly valued. They have stillnot become acculturated to the industrial environments. Indeed, assome men in one company (not onewhich is reported here) told us, whileit may take four or so years to obtainthe academic PhD, it takes about fourmore years to get the 'industrialPhD.' "Lists RepresentativeThe list of behavior skills rated bythe subjects was drawn up so thateach of the five roles (employee,scientist, professional man, administrator, and social being) which chemists are expected to play on their jobswas represented by one or moreitems.Stein felt that the conflict arising from the opposed values of successand creativity would be manifestedin the roles the men played. Not onlydo different people playing differentroles sometimes come into conflict,but, ". . the different roles that oneresearcher has to fulfill may generate conflict within him. . . ."A major source of conflict withinthe researcher is that he may feelmore strongly about one of his rolesthan about others and be irritatedwhen pressure is put on him to perform the others."Stein took considerable time tomake sure the items on the list represented each of the five roles asaccurately as possible. In an earlierpaper he had elaborated on each ofthe roles. For example, the "scientificrole" was described as that in whichthe researcher has no client, butrather is oriented to science and itsstandards of truth. The behavior ofthe chemist in the scientific role iscircumscribed within certain limits,Continued on next pageDECEMBER, 1957 13SCIENTIFIC ROLE ADMINISTRATIVE ROLEI234* 5¦z.<^ 6UJS 8910II12Figure I C-T<SIKV -^C-T(CR)/ IG-T(SUC)I 2 3 '4 5 6 7SUPERVISORY LEVEL I234^ 5o:<<r 7UJ* 8910II12 -.AD-R(SUC)u AD-R(CR)/ "' — \ /^\AD-M(SUC)\\,AD-M(CR)V12 3 4 5 6SUPERVISORY LEVELFigure IICREATIVITY continuedincluding in part a "communistic"viewpoint.In this connection Stein quotesMerton in noting that "the substantive findings of science are aproduct of social collaboration andare assigned to the community. Theyconstitute a common heritage inwhich the equity of the individualproducer is severely limited. . . . Thescientist's claim to 'his' intellectual'property' is limited to that of recognition and esteem, which, if the institution functions with a modicum ofefficiency, is roughly commensuratewith the significance of the (contribution to science)."On the basis of this kind of intensive analysis, the scientific role wasrepresented on the list by two itemsor behavior skills (1) "making original discoveries of theoretical valuefor the growth of scientific knowledge," and (2) "effectively communicating ideas and findings throughwriting or speaking to other scientists."Figure I shows the average rankgiven these items by the subjects. Thelines marked IG-T represent "mak ing original discoveries." The topline shows how this item was rankedfor creativity; the bottom line, forsuccess.You will note that the two linesapproach one another as the supervisory level rises. This is one instanceof the finding described earlier: thatmore difference between the qualitiesthat make for success and those whichmake for creativity are seen at lowerthan at high supervisory levels.The lines marked C-T represent"effectively communicating ideas."C-T (CR) shows how this item wasranked for creativity; C-T(SUC), howit was ranked for success. One important thing to note is that abilityto communicate ideas effectively wasconsidered of greater importance forsuccess than making original discoveries.Cash Register an Item"This suggests that while it is important for the man to communicatewith his scientific colleagues andwhile such communication must involve theoretical formulations, itreally does not pay off for him to gettoo involved with such formulations.It would almost appear that the man, while at work, must think of whatwill make the cash register ring, butthe ideas that facilitate his progressin this regard, the theoretical ideas,are to be gained while off the job,on his own time, and in the time hecan find between on-the-job activities."Figure II is a similar plotting oftwo items that make up the administrative role, which the researcheralso must play. One Stein terms administration of research, the other,administration for research.Administration of research (AD-R), it will be noted, is generallyranked high for both success and creativity, but usually higher for successthan for creativity.Stein wrote, "These data are congruent with the fact that the industrial researcher who has many ideas,and often more than he can handlehimself, is in a better position bothto manifest his creativity and to satisfy the needs of his culture if he iscapable of supervising groups of professional and technical people."The other item of the administrative role, however, fluctuates widely.Marked AD-M on the figure, administration for research was described14 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEas "planning for and solving problems of facilities, services, financesor personnel for research.""This, mind you," Stein points out,"is a maintenance function. Effectiveresearch cannot go on without it, butnew information, new research findings, do not come directly, but onlyindirectly, from it. Here, there isis little disagreement among our menin the various supervisory levels thatrewarding this skill does not necessarily stimulate creativity, for it isranked almost the same by all groups,with the higher supervisory levelsranking it higher than the lower ones.But then look at the curve that refersto its relevance for success. With theexception of the dip at Level II,AD-M is generally ranked higher forsuccess than for creativity.Rankings Differ"The man at Level I apparentlylooks around, feels that that is allthe upper supervisory levels aredoing, i.e., administering for research,and therefore they rank it rather highfor success. Level IV, which is actually doing much of this type of(administrative) work, does indeedrank it high for success since theyprobably see many good projects delayed or go down the drain becauseadministrative factors were permittedto interfere with research."Above Level IV the curve drops,for top level administrators believethat the straight research items aremore important. This is often oneof the major sources of conflict between the - middle supervisory leveland the top supervisory level inresearch. While the top level ispressing for ideas, for products, andprocesses that will ring the cash register, the middle supervisory level,which often has to come across withthese ideas, is so harrassed with paperwork and the administration forresearch that they often complainthat they cannot get everything completed that has to be completed."In trying to ascertain how the industrial research organization is affected by these conflicts, Stein findsthat the very complexity of the decisions the researcher must make oftengenerates conflict, and this, in turn,has consequences for the organizationand for society."Besides dealing with complex re search problems, they (researchers)must also deal with complex socialsituations and value decisions. Insuch a framework of complexity itis apparent that if we have a manwho himself is a field of tension, i.e.,with a high level of anxiety, it isunlikely that he will be able to utilizehis energies for constructive purposes."Stein also points out that a roleand environmental analysis is incomplete if it overlooks the fact thata person's relevant environment includes not only his present surroundings, but those in his past.Thus he is now compiling life histories of his subject. These alonefurnish a mass of data for the comparison of highly creative researcherswith less creative ones.Preliminary findings indicate thatpaternal influence outweighed maternal influence more frequently inthe highly creative subject's childhood than in the less creative subject's. Whether this would hold trueof persons in more or less abstractfields of endeavor than chemistry isyet to be determined.Work ProblemsAnother psychological test Steingave the research chemists, whichbears directly on the role and environmental analyses, was an experiment in which the subjectsworked simple learning problems.When they were partially finished,each man was informed how wellhe was doing relative to the groupaverage, and asked how much, if atall, he thought he would improve hisrelative position as the test proceeded.Less creative subjects, on the whole,thought they would improve theirstandings much more than did highlycreative subjects.However, when asked about theirlong term prospects for job and scientific success, the opposite was true:the more creative men predictedbetter futures for themselves. This,Stein says, again shows that the morecreative man is under much lessimmediate social pressure to do wellrelative to other people; yet, he hasgreater long term goals than the lesscreative person.Highly creative subjects also feltmore strongly than did less creativeones that shortcomings of manage ment were holding them back. Theypredicted that in an optimum societyfor creativity their output would increase more sharply than the lesscreative men predicted theirs would.The highly creative also attributedmore importance to a good scientificsociety in which to work.Stein says his future work willmove in closer to the creative personin action. The relationships withinthe process of creativity, between, inhis words, "hypothesis formulation,hypothesis testing, and the communication of results," are still unexplained, as are the types of personalities able to carry out one or two ofthese steps, but not all of them.Stein also hopes to go further inthe direction which one of his research assistants, John Timberlake,began to develop and which he described in a recent paper deliveredbefore the Midwest PsychologicalAssociation. This is working frompsychological test results to people'sjudgments of each other's creativity,rather than in the other direction, ashas been done so far.Stein realizes that his researchtouches heavily on broad socialissues. The existence of the valueconflict between success and creativework in today's industrial environment imposes considerable stress onthe inherently creative man.Stein stated his work raises,though it only begins to answer, "oneof the most critical questions thatconfronts us both as citizens and associal scientists: What would be thenature of the creative accomplishments of our men if they did not haveto withdraw some of their energiesfrom problem solving and devotedthem to achieving the condition thewider society calls success?"DECEMBER, 1957 15NEW CONSTRUCTIONto*aK*«r^lPhotograph by Morton ShapiroWork in progress on the two still-to-be -completedunits of the three-unit women's residence hall on58th street, Kimbark and Woodlawn avenues.16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPROJECTS ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦fIM \\\\ in am direction Iroin the quadrangles and (\\vrv ih building going-• on. Latest projects announced are:mm A new laboratory building on Ellis Avenue between 56tb and 57th streets.*"¦¦ on which construction is expected to start within the next year. The newlaboratory will house a new high-speed digital computer of advanced designto be constructed for scientific research.The computer, winch will require two \ears to build, is being designedby physicist Nicholas C. Metropolis, Phi) '41, who directed the developmentand construction of MANIAC {Mathematical Analyzer. Numerical Integratorand Computer) 1 and MANIAC 11 at the Los Alamos, New Mexico. ScientificLaboratories. Metropolis returned to the University from Los Alamos, thisfall, alter an absence of nine years, to assume the joint post of Director ofthe new Computer Laboratory and Professor in the Department of Physicsand the Enrico Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies."Scientific research has reached the frontier where only computers suchas this can soke the complex problems being investigated.'" said ChancellorKimpton.HH A balloon inflation tower in the south corner of Stagg Field. The toner.mmm requiring six weeks to build, is scheduled for completion by mid-December, it will enable physicists of the Enrico Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studiesto launch special balloons the year-round for International Geophysical Yearstudies. The balloons carry equipment for recording cosmic rays at the lopof the atmosphere. Of the thirty -fi\e balloons used each year, most are nowreleased in the summer when thev can be filled in calm winds. The newstructure will permit balloons to be inflated and launched in winds as highas twenty-miles an hour.The tower will rise forty feet above the ground at the south wall of thestadium and will be twenty -five feet square. It will be constructed almostentirely of steel. Inside walls will be lined with canvas to protect the balloons*,0075 inch thick polyethylene skins. After being inflated with helium in thetowers, the balloons will be moved through two thirtv-five feet high slidingdoors to an open area of the field for release.^m A new Law School building on 59th street between University and Green-¦™ wood avenues, fronting on the Midway. The structure will provideelass and seminar rooms, faculty offices, library stacks and reading room.a court room, and an auditorium seating six hundred.|H An apartment building for married residents and interns of the Medical"™ School on Drexel avenue. The site, from 5701-5725 Drexel. has beenprovided by demolishing older university buildings. Seventy -nine small apartment units are planned.¦ A dining and kitchen unit to service the new women's dormitory on 5<>thstreet between Kimbark and Woodlawn avenues. The dining-kitchen unitwill complete the quadrangle of the U-shaped residence hall, and is scheduledto be ready for operation by September, 1056. Only one unit of the residencehall is completed and occupied.DECEMBER, 1957 17A scene from the Fl'.reiiiine ! .-liy.M ..i" lnL\ o!:1- -i tinLeague's most sucee-Mu! K-nriit^ rnr.-mnl -n -i:s::r.Mrs. Albert A. Dahlberg, wife of Research Associate Dahlberg of the Anthropology Department and Zoller MemorialDental Clinic, as Mary McPotvell; Gladys Finn, assistantto the Secretary of Faculties and editor of Faculty NewsBulletin, as Jane Addams; and Mrs. Chauncy D. Harris,wife of Social Sciences Dean Harris, as Julia Lathrop. ThoseDesigningWomenof theUniversity of ChicagoService LeaguePhotographs this page by Vories Fisher18 Mrs. Kinar Biorkiand; Mrs. George Overton, granddaughter of President Harper, Assistant Professor of NaturalSciences and Adviser in the College; Mrs. Julian Levi andMrs. Devereaux Royvly. in fashions of the 70s when Newcomers (dub was formed by faculty wives within the League.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE". . . with changing times the program must change." — Mary McDowellI ROUNDED in 1895 as the University of Chicago Settlement League, the newly -named University of Chicago Service League for sixty-two years has met thechallenge of changing times through its support of the Mary McDowell SettlementHouse (formerly the University of Chicago Settlement House) and its affiliate,Camp Farr. The history of those years was dramatically presented at the AnnualHomecoming Party of the League, in a series of skits portraying its "designingwomen" from the formative days to the present.With the change in name, the League also has expanded it philanthropic policy.In addition to aiding the vital work of the Mary McDowell Settlement, it now willprovide direct financial assistance to help meet social and redevelopment needs ofthe University's immediate neighborhood.Four charter members were honored at the homecoming, among them MissElizabeth Wallace, 92, who held the title of docent in the first faculty of 1892 andwas head of Foster Hall, later becoming Professor of Romance Languages andLiterature. Miss Wallace, who now resides in Minneapolis, was president of theLeague in 1914.Present also were Mrs. Edwin Oakes Jordan, Washington, D. C, widow of Doctor Jordan, Instructor in Anatomy on the first faculty and later Chairman andProfessor of the Department of Bacteriology; Mrs. Jacob W. A. Young, whose latehusband wras a tutor on the original staff of the University in 1892 and later Associate Professor of Mathematics; and Miss Susan Peabody, who wrote the League'sfirst constitution.Mrs. Jordan served as president of the League in 1900 and was a member ofthe Settlement board for many years. Mrs. Young contributed her talents to manyof the early pageants and benefits by which the League raised funds, including theFlorentine Festival.Also honored were Mrs. J. Gordon Wilson, president from 1922-1924, whotravelled from Old Bennington, Vermont, to attend the homecoming, and Mrs. RolloL. Lyman of Denver, president from 1929-1930.Chicago Sun-Times photoMrs. W. Harnett Hlakemore. Leaguepresident and wife oi Associate Professor Hlakemore of the FederatedTheological Karulty, presents flowers tolour charter members and a formerpresident. They are (I. to r.) MissElizabeth Wallace, Mrs. J. Cordon Wilson, the former president, Mrs. JacobW. A. Young, Mrs. Edwin OakesJordan and Miss Susan Pea bod v. $%&£&¦WM£'-mim& % y?h^<*r}&VF AW:l'S?$v /¦-^-*niv*.DECEMBER, 1957NEWS OF THEQUADRANGLESTuition fees increasedAn average increase of 20 per cent in tuition fees of theUniversity will go into effect with the opening of the summer quarter in 1958.The increase is the first in tuition since 1953. It bringsthe rate in the College, the graduate divisions, and allprofessional schools except medicine, to $840 for an academic year. Tuition in the Medical School will be $1,000.In addition a $60 comprehensive fee will become effective.Present fees are $37.50."Education is threatened with being priced beyond thelevel of many who should have the opportunity to studyin colleges and universities. The University of Chicago,therefore, has been reluctant to increase its tuition, butcontinuing pressure of the rising price level compels anincrease next year," Chancellor Lawrence A. Kimptonstated. "Because of its policy the University of Chicagotuition level for several years has been considerablybelow that of many other universities. To offset ourincrease, we will make a comparable increase in scholarship and fellowship funds."The total of University scholarship, fellowship, and tuition remissions, from all sources, is $2,100,000.Undergraduate tuition at Harvard is $1,060, and $1,000at Princeton and Yale; $900 at Columbia University andDartmouth College. Stanford University recently announced an increase for next year to $1,005, compared toits present $750.The University's new schedule of fees will equalize thetuition charges for the undergraduate and graduate andprofessional levels, except medicine. At present, thegraduate and professional level is $50 higher than the$727.50 of the college.The total "regular budget" of the University coveringall continuing instruction and regular research, last yearwas $25 million. Of this total, tuition fees totalled $5,231,-000 or 21 per cent of budget support. Endowment incomeof $4,767,000 represented 19.1 per cent of support.Excluding a $9 million item for operation of the University Clinics and their hospitals from the regularbudget, changes the percentage of tuition support to 33per cent, and the percentage of endowment income support to 30 per cent. The balance of the regular budgetsupport comes from current gifts and grants. New PresidentMore than eighty theological schools, religious organizations, and institutions of higher education were represented at the ceremony marking the inauguration inRockefeller Memorial Chapel of Dr. Sidney E. Mead asPresident of Meadville Theological School. Meadville,a Unitarian seminary, is one of the four institutions whichcomprise the Federated Theological Schools of theUniversity.Denison B. Hull, Chairman of Meadville's Board ofTrustees, conducted the formal act of inauguration whichmade Professor Mead the eighth president of the 113-year-old school.Professor of History of American Christianity both inthe Federated Theological Faculty and in the University'sDepartment of History, Mead succeeds the Reverend Dr.Wallace W. Robbins, who resigned last year to becomepastor of the First Unitarian Church of Worcester, Mass.Mead received his Bachelor's degree from the University of Redlands, Calif., and, after having studied atYale Divinity School, came to the University of Chicagoand was awarded an AM, 1938, and a PhD, 1940, degree.He has been a member of the University's facultysince 1941, specializing in the study of the relationshipof Christianity in America to the nation's social, politicaland intellectual history. He is the author of NathanialWilliam Taylor, a Connecticut Liberal, and many articlesin religious and historical publications.20Business BoomingThe University of Chicago School of Business has experienced a 50 per cent increase in student enrollmentfor the current academic year compared with 1955-56;this in the face of a decline by similar institutions.W. Allen Wallis, new Dean of the School, told the recently organized School of Business Alumni Association,total enrollment has surged to 1,000, with 750 full timeand 250 part time students registered on campus and inthe School's executive and downtown graduate programs.At the same time, eighteen new staff members have joinedthe faculty.Wallis credited the expansion and tremendous growthlargely to a change in climate and to the recruiting activity of Harold R. Metcalf, Dean of Students in theSchool, who visited scores of liberal arts colleges to tellabout Chicago's program.In presenting Wallis to the alumni. Chancellor Kimpton said, "The School of Business ranks at top priorityin development by the University," and expressed the"earnest hope that the Chicago business community willlook forward to the University of Chicago for researchand development of man power and support."Wallis returned to the University to assume his newpost this fall, after a year at the Center for AdvancedStudy in the Behavioral Sciences in Palo Alto, Calif., anappointment which he had accepted just prior to hisselection as Dean, He spoke at the Quadrangle Club atthe first of a series of dinner- meetings planned by thenew School of Business alumni group. Similar meetingsare planned in Atlanta, Detroit, New York, and othercities which have active alumni organizations.Tracing the development of professional schools, Wallisoutlined his plans for business education and noted progress in several directions. Research, he said, is moreactive than ever before. It is mostly individual, he noted,but there are a few projects also (including a study ofthe Chicago financial area) and a number of others underconsideration.Circulation of the Journal of Business, which wasstarted at the University in 1922, has increased from aformer 300 to a present 2,000 subscribers, and the publication is improving, Wallis added. It is the only academic publication in the business field.Development of the School of Business Alumni Association is another new activity, and in addition to contact with the School, will provide alumni a forum fordiscussion of common problems, he pointed out.New Program for Adult EducatorsTwo new programs designed to meet the growing needfor administrators with training in adult education havebeen instituted by the Department of Education. Oneprogram is directed toward preparing students as administrators of adult education programs in universities andcolleges. The other will train school administrators for theoperation of adult education programs in public schools.Under both programs students may work toward thedoctorate or master's degree, or may pursue independentstudy unrelated to degree requirements."The millions of adults participating in the increasingnumber of educational programs is leading to separate A section of the Laura Spelman RockefellerMemorial Carillon in Rockefeller MemorialChapel tower. The 25th anniversary of the dedication of the seventy -two-bell carillon wasobserved Thanksgiving Day with Kamiel Le-fevere, Carilloneaur, Riverside Church, NewYork, playing the same recital he gave Thanksgiving, 1932. The carillon toas presented to theUniversity by John D. Rockefeller, Jr., in memory of his mother.administrative units for this growing area of education,'said Francis Chase, SB '27, SM '31, PhD \51, Chairman ofthe Department. "Up to the present, the training for suchadministrators has been the same as that for the educatorsin general."Awards at ArgonneFifteen-year service awards have been presented toeight employees at Argonne National Laboratory.The employees have worked in the atomic energy research and development program since the period whenthe since relocated Metallurgical Laboratory at the University was one of its main centers. Argonne, successorto the Metallurgical Laboratory at Chicago and the nation's senior research center, is operated by the Universityunder contract for the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.It is located near Lemont.The eight honored employees are Ralph W. Bane, SB'45;Edwin John Fudala, Dr. Arthur H. Jaffey, PhD '41; Robert E. Johnson, AB '40; Lucien M. Newman, Julius Osta-powiez, Acie Singleton and Sherman Winters. Dr. NormanHilberry, PhD '41, Laboratory Director, presented eachwith a service pin and commented that Argonne's servicerecord is high, contrasted against its age and size.21Kharasch DiesMorris S. Kharasch, organic chemist of the University, died October 9,in Copenhagen, Denmark, while on aEuropean tour related to a defensecontract for the government.Kharasch held the Gustavus F. andAnn M. Swift Distinguished ServiceProfessorship at the University andwas Director of its Institute of Organic Chemistry.One of the country's most productive research chemists, he developedthe mercury compounds, used to treatgrain seeds for the prevention ofsmut, which have saved Americangrain farmers millions of dollars. Healso developed merthiolate, widelyused disinfectant in hospitals; isolated and synthesized ergonovine, apure form of ergot, used in childbirth; and worked out the syntheticmethod by which the commonly usedanesthetic, cyclopropane, is manufactured.Professor Kharasch did fundamental work in the chemistry of freeradicals, highly unstable and reactivechemical intermediates, determiningtheir role in reactions. Through thisresearch he developed numerous newand unusual chemical reactions, opening up an important new field ofchemistry.He also contributed significantly tothe progress of the synthetic rubberindustry by his research on processesof polymerization.He was the recipient of a presidential citation of merit for his WorldWar II contributions to the synthesisand stabilization of war gases, incendiaries, explosives and therapeuticagents. He compounded some threehundred of the fifteen hundred proposed chemical warfare agents examined in the secret toxicity laboratory set up at the University by theNational Defense Research Council.His achievements had been recognized by numerous awards in science,including the National Academy ofSciences, the Scott Award of theFranklin Institute; and the RichardsMedal of the Northeast Section ofthe American Chemical Society.Born in Ukrania, August 28, 1895,he was graduated from Crane highschool, Chicago; and took the SB andPhD degrees from the University in1917 and 1919, respectively.He became a research fellow in or ganic chemistry at the University,1919-22; went to the University ofMaryland in 1922 as Associate Professor and became Professor there in1924. In 1928 he returned to the University of Chicago as Associate Professor, receiving the rank of Professor in 1930.New Faculty MembersFive new appointments have beenmade to the faculty of the University.Victory R. Wheatley, 38, Britishbiochemist, has been appointed Dermatology Research Associate in theDepartment of Medicine. An authority on the chemistry of oily secretionsof the skin and its effects in suchdiseases as eczema, Wheatly arrivedfrom England on October 24. He hadbeen senior research biochemist andlecturer at St. Bartholomew Hospital,London, since 1948, and took bothhis BS (1947) and PhD (1950) degrees from the University of London.Roger C. Crampton, JD '55, untilrecently law clerk to AssociateJustice Harold Burton of the UnitedStates Supreme Court, has beennamed Assistant Professor in theLaw School. As a law student,Crampton was named Class of 1916Scholar during his second year and aKosmerl Scholar in his final year.While a senior, he was editor-in-chief of the University of ChicagoLaw Review.John R. Schrieffer has been appointed Assistant Professor in theDepartment of Physics and its Institute for the Study of Metals.Schrieffer will spend the coming yearat the University of Birmingham,England, under a National ScienceFoundation post- doctoral fellowship.He took his BS degree in physicsfrom Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1953), and his MS (1954)and PhD (1957) degrees from theUniversity of Illinois.Two appointments were made tothe Department of Psychiatry; Dr.William C. Offenkrantz, AssistantProfessor, and Dr. Robert S. Daniels,Instructor.Offenkrantz, who took his MD degree from Columbia University in1947, and served as Associate Research Scientist in Psychiatry at theCreedmoor Institute for PsychologicalStudies, completed a post-graduatecourse at the William A. White Insti tute for Psychoanalysis in New YorkCity last year, and from Februaryto August of 1957, was AssistantClinical Professor of Psychiatry atthe University of Southern CaliforniaSchool of Medicine.Daniels took both his BS (1948)and MD (1951) degrees from theUniversity of Cincinnati, which presented him its Stella Feis HoffheimerAward for the highest grades in hismedical class.Berelson ReturnsBernard R. Berelson, PhD '41, Director of the Ford Foundation's Behavioral Sciences Program since 1951,has rejoined the University as Professor of the Behavioral Sciences inthe School of Business and the Division of the Social Sciences.Berelson will conduct a two-yearstudy of graduate schools in Americaunder a grant from the CarnegieCorporation. The study will be concerned with the objectives, standardsand functions of the graduate schoolin the American system of highereducation.At the School of Business, Berelsonwill develop courses and researchrelating individual and group behavior to business management.Before he became associated withthe Ford Foundation, Berelson wasProfessor of Social Sciences, Professor of Library Science, Dean of theGraduate Library School, and Chairman of the Committee on Communication of the University.Disease Linked to SugarsAlbert Dorfman, SB '36, PhD '39,MD '44, has reported a link betweentwo complex sugars made in certaintissues, and a rare disease that twistschildren's bodies into grotesqueshapes and shortens their lives.Dorfman, Professor of Pediatrics atthe University and Director of LaRa-bida Sanitarium, announced the findings in a talk following his acceptanceof the E. Mead Johnson Award of theAmerican Academy of Pediatrics.He said the same two sugars werefound in urine samples of fifteen patients with Hurler's syndrome. Thesugars are polysaccharides, eight ofwhich are produced by the connectivetissues, the binding and packing ofthe body, and not normally excreted.The studies of Hurler's syndrome22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEshow, for the first time, he said, theeffect of heredity on the productionof these sugars,Cartland Made ComptrollerDonald L. Cartland, assistant controller of A. B. Dick Company, hasbeen appointed Comptroller of theUniversity. Mr. Cartland, 45, succeeds John I. Kirkpatrick, who became Vice Chancellor in charge ofadministration in September. Thecomptroller is an appointed officer ofthe Board of Trustees.Cartland has served as president(1956-57) of the Chicago chapter ofthe National Society for BusinessBudgeting, has taught classes atNorthwestern University's downtownschool, and represented A. B. DickCompany as a member of the Business Executives Research Committee,a study group of the Committee forEconomic Development.Wissler Assumes ChairVacated by CannonDr. Paul Roberts Cannon, PhD '21,MD '25, Professor and Chairman ofthe Department of Pathology for thelast seventeen years retired on September 30. Dr. Robert W. Wissler,SM '43, PhD '46, MD '48, has beennamed to replace him as Chairman ofthe Department,Cannon was on the Medical Faculty for thirty-two years. As Professor Emeritus, he will maintain anoffice and will continue as chief editor of the American Medical Association's Archives of Pathology. Heis best known as a medical scientistfor his work on tissue antibodies.For his work in immunity and nutrition, Cannon in 1948 was givenboth the Ward-Burdick Award Medalof the American Society of ClinicalPathologists and the William WoodGerhard Gold Medal of the Pathological Society of Philadelphia.Working with William H. Taliaferro, now Chairman of the Departmentof Microbiology, Cannon in 1931 madesignificant contributioins to the understanding of malaria. With Dr.Eugene M, K. Geiling, now retiredChairman of the Department of Pharmacology, he found that diethyleneglycol, a sweet, glycerin-like base ofa new drug had caused the death ofeighty Americans in 1937. This research led to revision of the Pure Food and Drug Laws.Wissler, who has been at the University since 1941, has conductedextensive research on immunity, andon how this is affected by diet andirradiation. He has also shown thatanimals can form antibodies to destroy cancerous tissue.In 1947 he was awarded the University's Howard Taylor Rickettsmedal, and in 1952 he won the JosephA. Capps prize for producing hardening of coronary arteries in animals.New Director AppointedBernard I. Spinrad, formerly Associate Director, has been promoted toDirector of the Reactor EngineeringDivision at Argonne National Laboratory. He succeeds the late ArthurH. Barnes.Spinard, at 33, is one of the nation's outstanding young 'men in developing nuclear reactors for peacetime purposes. He received his PhDin physical chemistry from Yale University at the age of 21, and did postdoctoral research in chemistry atYale as a Sterling Fellow. He joinedthe staff of the Clinton Laboratories(now Oak Ridge, Tenn,, NationalLaboratory) as a physicist in 1946and came to Argonne in 1949. Hisactivities in reactor design, reactorphysics, mathematics and theoreticalphysics have included work on theMaterials Testing Reactor, New IdahoFalls, Idaho; the Argonne ResearchReactor (Chicago Pile-5), and theArgonaut, a student training reactorat Argonne. He also assisted in developing the fundamental design forthe reactors of the Savannah River,Ga., project of the Atomic EnergyCommission.To Nominate FellowsChancellor Lawrence A. Kimptonhas named Robert C. Woellner, AM'24, as liaison officer to nominate twoor three candidates for 1958 DanforthGraduate Fellowships.The fellowships are available tocollege senior men and recent graduates who are preparing themselves fora career of college teaching, and areplanning to enter graduate school inSeptember, 1958, for their first yearof graduate study. The DanforthFoundation welcomes applicants fromthe areas of natural and biologicalsciences, social sciences, humanities Bernard L Spinradand all fields of specialization to befound in the undergraduate college.The maximum annual grant forsingle Fellows is $1400 plus tuitionand fees; for married Fellows, $2400with an additional stipend of $350 forchildren.Win Nobel PrizeTwo young Chicago alumni havereceived the 1957 Nobel prize forphysics. Chen Ning Yang, PhD '48.and Tsung Dao Lee, PhD '50, got theaward for discoveries announced lastJanuary which destroyed the "principle of parity," for thirty years abasic law of all physical theory. Leeis 30 years old; Yang, 34.The principle of parity held thatmicroscopic particles always behavedsymmetrically, having no distinctivedifferent right or left sides, no topsor bottoms.In experiments conducted at Columbia University on the basis ofreasoning by Lee and Yang, the mostelementary particles now known wereproven to have an intrinsic "right-handedness," or "left-handedness" intheir direction of spin.Physics authorities likened the discoveries in future importance to theearlier pronouncements of AlbertEinstein.Lee, now a Professor at Columbia,and Yang, a Professor at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton,N. J., will each receive about $42,000,They were students together at Chicago.DECEMBER, 1957 23ROOKS ^car-id Al— L^IX/lrVjlGerman Expressionist Painting. ByPeter Selz, AM >49, PhD '54, Headof Department of Art, Pomona College, Claremont, Calif. University ofCalifornia Press, Berkeley and LosAngeles, Calif., 1957. 580 pp., 9 x11V4 in., $18.50.Peter Selz has given us an impressive, beautifully illustrated volume(180 plates, including 38 in color,plus reproductions in the text) anda thoroughly documented account ofGerman Expressionist art in the earlytwentieth century, which he noteswas scarcely known inside and out ofGermany ten years ago when he began the first stage of his research asa doctoral dissertation in the University's Department of Art.Today, this comprehensive studyappears most timely, following as itdoes two major New York exhibitions of German Expressionists, whilemuseums and collectors bid high forevery work that comes on the market by members of the group. Tomorrow, we all shall be expected tobecome as familiar with Marc, Heckel,Nolde, Kirchner, Kokoschka, Pech-stein, Jawlensky, Bechmann, andSchmidt-Rottluff as we are with Vincent van Gogh, Gauguin, Renoir andMonet.Now fifty years from its origins,Expressionism is certain to be verypopular, for fundamental reasons. Itis evocative art, not intellectually demanding, but requiring, in ProfessorSelz's words, "an active participationfrom the observer." Franz Marc andPaul Klee have testified that it ischaracteristic of German art to illustrate, and in the best sense of theterm the German Expressionist artistsillustrate feeling. Unlike illustrativeart that evokes emotion by presenting the likeness of objects, expressionism evokes emotion in the observer by presenting abstract colorand form controlled by the subjectivepersonality of the artist.The book is thorough and learned,constructed in depth to show historical development before 1900 and inthe first two critical decades of thetwentieth century, and also to followseparately the careers of the artists. They emerge as real men and women, alive in their deeds, their letters,and in things written and said aboutthem by their contemporaries, withall the excitement of rather recenthistory, for the author could talkwith artists and critics who took partin this lively phase of twentieth century art.Harold Haydon,Associate Professorof Art and Dean ofStudents in the CollegeThe Astonished Muse. By ReuelDenney, Professor of Social Sciences,University of Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1957.272 pp., $4.50.In spite of almost constant exposure to various mass media these days,most of us give little serious thoughtto their growing significance as conditioning factors in our culture. Oh,we may pass a remark about loss ofsleep due to a late movie on television, but that may be as far as thethought goes. Even those who arethe daily practitioners in broadcasting, motion pictures, and publishinghave not achieved distinction for far-sighted analysis of whatever may bethe consequences of this continualinteraction between media and themasses. While this could be the result of the practitioners' greater interest in developing successful techniques of manipulation than inanalyzing long term cultural effects,a more charitable view is that theyare so directly involved in the processthey cannot back away far enoughto gain proper perspective.Reuel Denney does both the public and the practitioner a real servicein The Astonished Muse as he takeswhat he terms the "pleasant risk oftrying to assign meanings to the plural myth of the popular culture of themoment." By no means inexperiencedin taking such risks, he shows himself to be exceptionally well informed, IlllbmniiilimnnmJ1 PARKER-HOLSMANlReal Estate and Insurance1461 East 57th Street Hyde Park 3-2525 and a most astute analyst.Achieving initial interest by documenting in detail the characteristicsof America's rapidly growing "play-force" (as contrasted with our workforce) with its anticipated problemsof increased leisure, he then attempts"to identify some of the documentary, artistic, rhetorical, and spectacle-producing forms that areprevalent in the American popularculture today. Not what the popular entertainment producers directly say, but how they say it; notwho hears, but how the form selects that hearer, are the mainthemes. From this intention developall the other surmises offered hereas touching on the imaginativematurity or immaturity of theAmerican play-force at mid-century."That his study takes him into movies, television, and advertising butthen proceeds to explore football, hot-rodding, comic strips, science fiction,and popular architecture simply indicates the scope of his informationand the extent of his concern. Hisdevelopment of the present-dayAmerican's desire for realism as opposed to his lack of appetite for imagination when drawn in these variousfields of endeavor, becomes very intriguing.To say that the book is easy reading for the layman would be misrepresentation; Mr. Denney is, afterall, a social scientist. But to implythat the layman in general or themass media man in particular canfind little of value in the book wouldbe sheer treason. For here is a workwhich quite obviously is the resultof a great deal of fastidious observation and exhaustive study and evaluation, not only of the forms and practices of the mass media, not only ofthe various audiences which theydraw, but also of the two-way interaction between media and audience.Whether the reader is an individualin an audience or a participatingpurveyor, Mr. Denney's book undoubtedly will spur him into doinga lot more serious thinking on hisown about just what is going on.And is not this, after all, the basicpurpose of every author?James Robertson,Program Director,WTTW— Channel 11,Educational Television Station,Chicago.24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE... to sharein greatness a Nass \ieursi k W/^E need a moving picture,"* * read a memorandum to theUniversity from Robert Duncan, professional advisor to the $33 millionfund campaign last year."Competition (for good students)is so keen," the memo continued,"that until the University can offera first-class colored movie, it willhave only minimum chance to getits story across."The Alumni Office was well awarethat the art of selling a universityhad changed from the days whenWilliam Rainey Harper put his handon the shoulder of a prospectivestudent and said with conviction,"Young man, have you consideredChicago?"But movies are big business. Undertaking the job meant long hoursspent viewing films from other schoolsand sitting in conference with professional producers. Quotationsranged from $35,000 to a Hollywoodestimate of $70,000.Apart from prohibitive cost, therewere other objections to telling theChicago story in sleek Hollywoodstyle. It would be like trying to getan audience to concentrate on thestory of the first self-sustained chainreaction while watching a livelydrum majorette twirling a baton.Against the distractions of an animated picture, an appropriate colored slide could remain on the screento help the commentator tell thestory. Moreover, a motion picturecould be out of date in three years.New buildings — new fashions inwomen's clothes and motor cars —scientific and educational changes —and there goes $70,000. But a filmstrip of slides could be clipped andaltered with every change or newdevelopment.Slides on film with a sound track"sales talk" won the decision. Professional photographer Mort Shapirowas commissioned to start shooting.He spent the year building a collection of photographs of the campus andcampus life during all four seasons.He even flew in a helicopter to picture the University hundred acres AO H Stephanie Lockwood, '08, wholives at the Plaisance Hotelon the Midway, has recovered from arecent illness and is looking forward toher fiftieth reunion next June. She isretired from the faculty of Hyde Parkhigh school. In her early career Mrs.Lockwood was awarded the AcademicPalms from the French government.Grace E. Storm, PhB '12, AM '17, isnow an Assistant Professor of Educationat the University of Illinois. She hadtaught at Augustana College, Rock Island,111.A. C. Goodrich, '12, is vice-presidentand secretary of the Dole Valve Company, Morton Grove, 111. He is in chargeof legal affairs, patents, insurance andreal estate.He tells us E. C. (Ted) Curtiss, '21, issales manager of the automotive jobbing division of Dole. Goodrich alsowants to go on record as being an oldadmirer of Harold Moulton.from the sky. (It was Mort's pictures that helped us win the 1957Magazine of the Year Award.)Meanwhile, Burton Moore, writerfor the University broadcasting office,pushed through four drafts of a scriptfor a final O.K.This fall, the pictures were put on35 mm film, with standard soundtrack carrying the voice of Edward(Ned) Rosenheim, director of the Radio Office and moderator on manyNBC Monitor broadcasts from thequadrangles, as narrator. The totalcost— under $1,000!The film has been "premiered" inPhiladelphia and in Clearwater, Fla.,with enthusiastic results. You willwant to see these pictures of (toquote Moore) "... the little thingsthat go to make up a big memory,"and to hear Ned Rosenheim narrate"To Share in Greatness — This is thechallenge of the University of Chicago."Copies of the film are now available for any Chicago group from SanDiego to Boston. Frances Keating Hepner, '11, writesfrom Columbia, Mo., that they havea lovely new house with central airconditioning. She had a coronary occlusion "almost identical to the President's" but is fine again and more restedthan she has been in years. The Hep-ners moved to Columbia after Walter'sretirement as president of San DiegoState College. Their son, Walter, Jr., '43,MD '44, is on the faculty of the MedicalSchool of the University of Missouri inthe Department of Pediatrics.Frank E. Brown, SB '13, PhD '18,Professor of Chemistry at Iowa StateCollege, has been announced the recipient of the 1958 Scientific EquipmentMakers Award in Chemical Education.The $1,000 award, which is administered by the American Chemical Society, goes to a person who has madeoutstanding contributions to the chemistry educational system.\ A 33 George T- Coonley, '14, presi-' ¦"?J^ dent of the Evanston mortgage house of Coonley and Green, becamea vice-president of the First CommercialBank of Chicago recently when his firmmerged with the bank. Founded in 1898,Coonley and Green was one of the oldestmortgage houses in Chicago.William S. Boal, '20, of Glenview, 111.,is the general sales manager of AmericanRug and Carpet Company in the Merchandise Mart.Norman Wood Beck, AB '23, PhD '41,has been promoted to full Professor ofSocial Studies at Jersey City StateTeachers College.During the past year he was Chairmanand is at present Co-ordinator of theAnnual Conference of College Teachersof Government and Related Subjects inNew Jersey.Herbert C. DeYoung, AB '25, JD '28,has been named to an Illinois commissionwhich is studying adoption laws.Dwight M. Cochran, PhB '27, is anexecutive vice-president of the KernCounty Land Company in San Francisco,Calif.DECEMBER, 1957 25^r A£\ Harold A. Baker, PhD "35.has been appointed to headthe neuly-created Department of Business Administration al John Carroll Uni-vrrsil\"s School ol Business, Economiesand Government, Cleveland. He wa*formerly a marketing consultant in Chicago. PHOTOPRESS, INCOFFSET-LITHOGRAPHYFine Color Wotk a SpecialtyQuality Book ReproductionCongress St. Expressway andGardner RoadCOIumbus 1-1420W&lm. .,-j^si:$£;(Vi/ii//Arthur K. Cahill. PhB '31, Presidentof the Alumni Association, lias beenelected a director of International Minerals & Chemical Corporation,Cahill is vice-president in charge offinance lor IMC. His wife is the formerJeannette E, Smith, PhB '32.California Superior Judge StanleyMosk, '33. has disclosed that be will seektht- Democratic nomination for state'sattorney general next year. Judge Moski.- currently president of our Los AngelesUniversity of Chicago Club.Dr. Loins B. Newman, MD '33. Associate Professor of Physical Medicineat the Northwestern University MedicalSchool, has been named President-electot the American Academy of PhysicalMedicine and Rehabilitation, and Vice-President of the American Congress ofPhysical Medicine,Dr. Newman is also chief of the physical medicine and rehabilitation serviceat the Veterans Administration ResearchHospital, and the inventor of many mechanical devices used to rehabilitatepersons who have amputations or disabling illnesses.Ralph W. Tyler, PhD '27, Director ofthe Center for Advanced Study in theBehavioral Sciencc-s on the Leland Stanford University campus, has been nominated to be cited for outstanding contributions toward the advancement ofsecondary education. Citations will beawarded next June by the SbattuckSchool, Faribault. Minn., while celebrating its 100th anniversary.Edgar Carl Keinke, AB '28. PhD '34.received the Master of Arts degree fromthe University of Minnesota on August22. Lewis V. Sticg, PhD '35, Librarian olthe University of Southern California,is in Tin-key on a two-year Kord Foundation project supervised by the American Library Association.He will conduct an institute of librar-iansbip at the University of Ankara tohelp the people of Turkey establish public library service in their country.Riley Sunderland, '37, lives in Phoebus.Va. Since leaving Chicago he has writtenfour books, two of which already havebeen published: Slihc-elVs Mission tnCh'nui and StilwelVs Command Problems.AdamsGrant Adams, AB '40. has been appointed executive director of the UnitedHospital Fund of New York.The Fund is an alliance of 80 voluntary, nonprofit hospitals in New YorkCity. Through its annual campaign, theFund helps its member hospitals reducethe losses they incur as they provideneeded care for all, regardless ol abilityto pay. Adams has been the Fund's assistant director for the past three years.dl 4fi Mls char!es J* Albcrt- AB1*," IV <42t }las boon reappointed assuperintendent of religious education forthe third successive yea)' at HighlandPark Reform Temple in Highland Park.III. Dining her tenure, the school's enrollment has more than doubled. CHICAGO ADDRESSING & PRINTING CO.Complete Service for Mail AdvertisersPRINTING— LETTERPRESS & OFFSETLetters • Copy PreparationTypewriting • Addressing Imprinting? MailingQUALITY — ACCURACY — SPBED722 So. Dearborn . Chicago 5 . WA 2-4561MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica -Exacta -Rolleiflex -Polaroid1342 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259NSA Discounts2 Day Color DevelopingHO Trains and Model SuppliesSARGENT'S DRUG STOREestablished 1852Chicago's most completeprescription and chemical stockphone RAndolph 6-477023 N. Wabash AvenueChicagoSHERRY HOTEL53rd Street At The LokeComplete Facilities ForTraining Groups — Sales MeetingsBANQUETS— DancesCall Catering FAirfax 4-100026 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBEST BOILER REPAIR& WELD1NGCO.24 HOUR SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoWasson -PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phone: Butterfield 8-2 II 6-7-8-9Wesson's Coal Makes Good — ©r —Wasson DoesSince 7878HANNIBAL, INC.furniiure RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Restored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. • LI 9-7180LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: HYde Parle 3-9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERBOYDSTON AMBULANCE SERVICEAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of Chicagophone NOrmal 7-2468NEW ADDRESS-1708 E. 71ST ST.RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331 TelephoneW. Jackson Blvd. MOnroe 6-3192 Class News continuedFifteen alumni of the University areworking in the Chicago office of the J.Walter Thompson Company, according toa recent count made at that advertisingcompany by Leon Ronnel, AB '45.Greatest concentration is in the research department. The six alumni thereinclude Allen H. Center, '53, Richard W.Luce, AB '53, William S. O'Donnell,MBA '55, Leonard A. Rosenstein, MBA'47, Charles F. Seefeldt, MBA '48, andEdward G, Strable, AM '54,Four former U. of C.'ers are in thecopy department: J. Mark Hale, '45,Leon Ronnel, AB '45, (class 39), EdwardSherry, PhB '20, and Kenneth J. Ward,'26.In public relations are Genevieve Kor-sak and John L. Van Zant, AB '24.Robert V. Atwood, '26, is in the mediadepartment, Marion Stoneslfer Dahl-strom, PhB '32, is in traffic, and ThomasH. Wason, PhB '34, is a senior servicerepresentative.Hale, Ward, and Wason are vice-presidents of the company.The fifteen -man (including three wo-men) U. of C. contingent at the Thompson Company comprises one of thelargest groups from any of the 107 colleges and 53 professional schools represented on the staff of the agency.Harold M. Mayer, PhD '43, AssociateProfessor of Geography at the University,and specialist in city planning, is directing the University's new television series,"Today's Cities — and Tomorrow," overWTTW, Channel 11.The thirteen-week series is on Thursdays at 9:30 p.m. Problems of suburbangrowth, urban renewal, transportation,and metropolitan planning are being discussed.Mayer is president of the Chicagochapter of the American Institute ofPlanners, a consultant to municipalities,and the author of the recently published,The Port of Chicago and the St. Lawrence Seaway.Norman Barker, Jr., '44, MBA '53,former assistant credit manager of theAmerican Can Co., in Chicago, has movedto California where he is now assistantvice-president of the California Bank.Mrs. Barker was Mabel Keefe, '44. TheBarkers have bought a home in Arcadiaand plan to take part in the Chicagoclub activities of the Los Angeles areaas they did when they lived in the Chicago area. They were leaders in ouralert Highland Park Club and Normanwas a member of the College AssociationSenate.Freydoun Azadi Afshar, SM '46, is adeputy of the Iranian Parliament inTehran, Iran. BlackwoodGeorge D. Blackwood, AB '42, AM'47, PhD '51, Associate Professor of Political Science at the Boston UniversityCollege of General Education, has beenappointed head of that institution's Citizenship Project. The project, now in itsfifth successive year, aids students inthe development of a genuine and lasting interest in politics by bringing to thecampus nationally known political figures.Blackwood has been a member of theBoston faculty since 1949, and is advisorto the Young Democrats' group.AO KfS Virginia Volcker Strietfeld,*0~J\J AM '48, and her husband HalStrietfeld, PhB '47, PhD '52, of Canton,Ohio, have three children and a fourthdue in February. Hal is now head of thePsychology Department in the SummetCounty Receiving Hospital, CuyhugaFalls, Ohio.Robert L. Kealy, JD '48, and his wifeMollie Abbott Kealy, PhB '45, JD 48, ofOconomowoc, Wis., became the parentsof twin daughters on June 2. They aretheir fourth and fifth children.Dr. Martin Steinberg, SM '48, PhD '49,has been promoted to senior scientist onthe staff of Armour Research Foundationof Illinois Institute of Technology.He has been a member of the Foundation's propulsion and fluid mechanicsstaff since October, 1956, engaging inhigh temperature physico-chemicalstudies relating to combustion and highvelocity propulsion.Regina M. Holka, '48, and RobertReith, '53, were married last January 12.Regina is now a copywriter at CarsonPirie Scott & Company. Roger is a senior designer at General Exhibits.DECEMBER, 1957 27Everett M. Larson, AM '48, has beenappointed Assistant Professor of Englishat Hiram College in Hiram, Ohio.William W. Kinkead, MBA '49, amajor in the army, is executive officerof the Transportation Terminal Command, at Pepperrell Air Force Base, St.John's, Newfoundland.Floyd E. Overly, PhD '49, has beenappointed Assistant Professor of Communication Skills in Michigan State University's Basic College. His new dutieswill include teaching the integratedcourse in reading, writing, speaking andlistening.He has previously taught English atseveral institutions, including LouisianaState University and Roosevelt Collegein Chicago. His wife is Dorothy NewtonOverly, PhD '49.Nancy Jane Sittig Jordison, AM '50,Lewis Paeff Lipsitt, AB '50, and PatsyJoan Herget, AM '52, were among thosereceiving doctoral degrees in Augustfrom the University of Iowa.Mary Roberts Bhuta, AB '50, of Metu-chen, N. J., is now the mother of a girl,Lila Mary, born July 16.S I -S2 wi,liam R- Sincock, AM '51,J I "J J. phD ,51 hag been appointe(jto the faculty of the University of DenverSchool of Education. He has taught atWayne University and in public schoolsin Michigan and Illinois.Robert D. Heyen, AM '51, is now theDean of Boone Jr. College, in Boone,Iowa. He and his wife Beatrice LundHeyen, BSS '49, have three children,Robin Lea, 5, Jefferson Robert, 2, andNeil Madison, 9 months. George G. Wright, Jr., PhD '41, receives official authorization from his commanding officer, Col. Donald G. Grothaus,to pursue the Research and Study Fellowship at the Sir William Dunn Schoolof Pathology, Oxford University. Wright,chief of the Immunology Branch, MedicalInvestigation Division, Ft. Detrick, is oneof nine recipients of the fellowship sinceit was instituted by the Secretary of theArmy, last year. He will be in Englandfor about one year.Hugh A. Brodkey, AB '51, JD '54, ofChicago, became the father of a girl,Lisa Anne, on September 15.Seymour Scher, AM '51, PhD '56, hitthe news earlier this year when hecriticized the City of Chicago for itspersonnel practices. Scher, a formerpersonnel examiner for the Civil ServiceCommission, said, that as far back as1952, the City Council authorized a studyof the city's personnel practices. "Hadthat report been put into effect, Chicagotoday could boast of one of the finestmunicipal personnel systems in thecountry."Instead, the report has been generallyignored, and is gathering dust. In itsplace, Scher continued, a new, morelimited report is being compiled, authorized by the administration, coveringmuch of the same ground covered fiveyears ago.Scher is a former instructor in government at the University. He is nowon the University of Rochester faculty.Charles Edwin Bishop, PhD '52, hasbeen appointed Head of the Departmentof Agricultural Economics at NorthCarolina State College.A North Carolina faculty member since 1950, Bishop last year receivedthe highest honor open to faculty, theWilliam Neal Reynolds DistinguishedProfessorship of Agriculture. He is theauthor of many scientific works. Thelatest, to be published next spring, isAn Introduction to Agricultural Economic Analysis.53-57 Allan Julin, Jr., MBA '53, andChester C. McCulIough, MBA'53, have both been named vice-presidents of Chicago Title & Trust Company.Julin will be in charge of relationswith associated title companies, and newMAKE LIFE WORTH LIVING...The Sun Life of Canada, one of the world's great life insurance companies, offers men ofambition and integrity an outstanding professional career in its expanding United States fieldforce. If you feel that there is room for improvement in your business life, and if you areinterested in a dignified career where you are limited only by your own efforts and ability,then Sun Life might provide the answer. There are excellent opportunities for advancementto supervisory and managerial rank.EXPERT TRAINING • IMMEDIATE INCOME WITH COMMISSION AND BONUSESHOSPITALIZATION AND RETIREMENT PLANSTo learn more about the advantages of a Sun Life sales career, write to J, A. McALLISTER,Vice-President and Director of Agencies, who will be glad to direct you to the branch nearestyour home. Sun Life maintains 45 branches in the United States from coast to coast.SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADAHead Office: Sun Life Building, Dominion Square, Montreal.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186Webb-Linn Printing Co*Specializing in theproduction ofSCIENTIFICMEDICALTECHNICALBOOKSMOnroe 6-2900PENDERCatch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sump-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUEFAirfax 4-0550PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICE business development in Illinois. McCulIough will be in charge of the administration of national services, includingreinsurance.Emanuel M. Amir, PhD '54, has beenissued a U. S. Patent which reveals amethod of analyzing used sulfuric acidin which the intensity of light transmittedthrough a sample is used to measure theprogress of the analysis.Amir is a senior research chemist atHumble Oil and Refining Company'sBaytown, Texas, refinery.Ibrahim Abdelkader Ibrahim, AM 55,received a PhD in economics and sociology from Princeton in June. At thesame ceremony Paul Dexter Tillett, JD'49, received a PhD in politics.Frederic A. Sicher, AB '56, is receiving medical training at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, as part of his six monthsactive military service.Polly Catherine Bartholomew Feigl,AB and SB '56, received the Master ofArts degree from the University of Minnesota on August 22.Frank A. Kirk, AM '56, a planner forChicago's Community ConservationBoard, has been named to the faculty of Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, 111. He will join the Department ofCommunity Development.Edgar C. Bristow III, MD '56, ofPleasantville, N. J., is serving as a captain in the army. He is stationed at FortLewis, Wash.Joanne N. Spencer, AM '57, has beenappointed to the English Departmentfaculty of Colby Junior College, NewLondon, N. H.Deiphine B. Bartosik, SB '57, is a firstyear student at the Woman's MedicalCollege of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia.Ursula Bohle, AM '55, who served asassistant to the Dean of the DivinitySchool until last March, was marriedto Martin Elsholz on April 23, at Aachen,West Germany. Elsholz, a childhoodfriend, is an opera singer in Aachen.Ursula is working as "lektorin" for apublishing house, reading and evaluating books in English, and is keeping houseat Friedrichstrasse 47, Aachen."Thank you for forwarding the University of Chicago Magazine to Germany," she wrote. "Now that I left thecampus, I certainly read it from coverto cover ami am always eagerly lookingforward to the next issue.""-•sSH&&'e'n'<>30* 'UCersDECEMBER, 1957 29POND LETTER SERVICE, Inc.Everything in LettersHooven Typewriting MimeographingMultigraphing AddressingAddressograph Service MailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones: 219 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisSince 7865ALBERTTeachers' AgencyThe best in placement service for University,College, Secondary and Elementary. Nationwide patronage. Call or write us at37 South Wabash Ave.Chicago 3, III.ZJkeLxclu&ive CleanetAWe operate our own drycleaning plantTHREE HOUR SERVICE1331 East 57th St. 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.Midway 3-0602 NOrmal 7-9858Office & Plant1442 East 57th Street Midway 3-0608UNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANK1354 East 55th StreetMemberFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationMUseum 4-1200Phones OAkland 4-0690—4-0691—4-0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueProducersof PrintedAdvertisingin ColorAround the ClockMilton H* Kreines '27101 East Ontario, Chicago 11WHitehall 4-5922-3-4 Dry Ice and AlcoholSave Day at ArgonneThe age-old drama of necessitybeing the mother of invention was re-enacted at Argonne National Laboratory when, on October 1, the personnel of the Experimental BoilingWater Reactor project found themselves faced with a unique problem.They wanted to remove and clean theseal and dash pot, a hydraulic shockabsorber, on one of the nine controlrod thimbles of the reactor only tofind their attempt blocked, withoutdanger of leakage of radioactivewater from the core.The thimbles are six-foot longpipes leading into the control roddrive mechanism, the machinery thatcontrols the rate of reaction, belowthe reactor vessel. During ebwroperation, a seal mechanism at theoutlet of each control rod thimble,attached to the bottom of the pressure vessel through which controlrods are operated, provides a pressure breakdown, i.e., seals water inthe reactor. Outside the seal, pressure is at atmospheric level. Inside,pressure is maintained at the operating level of the reactor. A devicesimilar to a valve, called a back seating plug, is installed directly abovethe seal, to service it.Defect DiscoveredAs the ebwr team prepared toremove the seal and dash pot forcleaning, it was found that the backseating plug would not seat, or close.It may have been that a small chipof metal lodged itself between theplug and the seal. In any event, toJoseph M. Harrer, ebwr projectmanager, it meant that unless somenew way of blocking release of watercould be found, removal of the mechanism would cause leakage of radioactive water from the core.The only alternative would be thelengthy process of draining the waterfrom the core. The process, involvingI A. REHNQWST CO Sidewalks\i ll Factory FloorsX=rU MachineWy Foundations\\ Concrete Breakingor.iw NOrmal 7-0433 removing all the fuel elements, draining, then reloading the core, Harrerfigured, would take approximatelysix days of work, around the clock.Instead, Harrer decided to try dryice and alcohol and a new techniqueof reactor maintenance was born, details of which Harrer presented inan address before the American Institute of Electrical Engineers in Chicago.Harrer and two associate mechanical engineers, William J. Kann andCharles F. Bullinger, theorized thata mixture of dry ice and alcohol couldbe applied to the thimble in question,freezing it and providing an ice damabove the back seating plug for aprotective shield. With such a shield,maintenance could be accomplished.Harrer said the group had a four-inch area of pipe to work on, betweena flange and a steel retainer platethat provides structural retainmentfor the nine thimbles. Refrigerationwas a two -inch deep mixture of dryice and alcohol in a shallow pan, at atemperature of — 70° F.Efforts SuccessfulThe mixture was applied for fivehours. Then the flange was loosened,and there was no leakage. The flangewas removed, and examinationshowed ten inches of ice in the lowerportion of the thimble, more thanenough for protective shielding. Themechanism to be cleaned could nowbe removed at will.After cleaning, said Harrer, themechanism was reinstalled, the icethawed, and the machinery pronounced ready for operation, withineight hours from the start of theexperiment.Harrer said this type of maintenance is typical and necessary for alltypes of reactors. And he said, "Thefreezing experiment proves thatplanned maintenance for reactors canbe carried out safely. Unless maintenance of this type could be done,no reactor could be operated safely."He added that this was the firstinstance of the freezing technique,used in other engineering areas, being applied to Argonne reactors.The Experimental Boiling WaterReactor was the first reactor in thenation to go "on the line" and produce large-scale quantities of electricity. It was dedicated last February.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMemorialHoratio H. Newman, PhD '05, diedAugust 29, in Clearwater, Fla. He wasEmeritus Professor of Zoology at theUniversity.Albert D. Henderson, '10, died October10, in Evanston. A retired investmentbroker, he was with the Office of PriceAdministration during World War II.Peter G. Mode, PhD '14, died on September 25.Rev. Henry P. Leach died on May 30.Dr. Carl J. E. Helgeson, SB '18, MD'26, died October 7. He had been a Chicago physician for 30 years.Irene H. Taylor, PhB '18, of Chicago,died August 8.George B. Pence, '19, died on August26 in Waukesha, Wis.Ruth A. Miles Miller, PhB '21, of Denver, Colo., died October 14. She workedon research for Denver University andwas a consultant for nursing schools. Herwidower is Dr. Lawrence W. Miller, AM'21.Katherine E. Carver, AM '22, died August 23 in Normal, 111. She was an emeritus faculty member of Illinois StateNormal University.Dr. William F. Kroener. SB '22, MD'24, of Pebble Beach, Calif., died in July.Earl F. Schoening, JD '25, died March28, in Chicago. He was an attorney.Norman Henry Eggert, PhB '26, of Mc-Henry, 111., died on September 8.Julian E. Morten, JD '27, died on November 14. He and his wife lived inRedwood Falls, Minn.Joseph C. Sibley, Sr., JD '29, died onJune 20 in Chicago.Eugene Stephens, SB '29, died at Fel-ton, Calif., on August 4.Mabel Thusnelda Flum, PhB '37, MBA'40, died July 20 in Chicago.William A. Koivisto, AM '48, PhD '51,Associate Professor of Economics at SanJose State College, Calif., died Oct. 10.He had just completed a revision ofhis book, Principles and Problems ofModern Economics, published in 1957.Josephine F. Hazleton Grant, PhB '99,died June 28, in Richmond, Ind.Dr. Elsie P. Miller Dike, SB '00, MD'04, died August 2, in West Nyack, N. Y.She practiced medicine in New York forseveral years before her marriage, andwas highly regarded for her skill as asurgeon. Her sister is Florence D. MillerWray.Mrs. Nellie Williams Sjostrom, '01, ofChicago, died on August 2.Dr. John H. Shephard, SB '02, MD '04,of San Jose, Calif., died on September 4.Frank W. DeWolf, SB '03, retired headof the Department of Geology at theUniversity of Illinois, died suddenly onSeptember 16. James H. Fairchild, MD '04, died atthe age of 83, in Claremont, Calif. He hadpracticed in Oregon and in California.Edith Abbott, PhD '05, internationallyknown leader in social welfare administration and first Dean of the University's School of Social Service, died inJuly in Grand Island, Neb.She was professionally associated withthe late Jane Addams, founder of HullHouse, with Sophonisba P. Breckinridge, and with her sister Grace Abbott.Miss Abbott, who began teaching atthe University in 1913, also served formany years as an adviser to the international labor office of the League ofNations at Geneva, Switzerland. She wasauthor of several books, and formerpresident of the National Conference ofSocial Work.Maude Miller Holden Groves, '07, ofMcPherson,, Kans., died on August 30.Rev. James H. Gagnier, PhB '08, DB15, formerly of Kalamazoo, Mich., diedSeptember 7. He was retired from theBaptist ministry.Stella Irene Simon Binstein, '08, diedin 1956.Rabbi David Fichman, AB '09, formerdirector of the Jewish Federation ofNew Orleans and executive secretaryof the Jewish Welfare Fund, died September 26, following a short illness. He had been active in social work inNew Orleans since 1920, and had alsobeen a leader in the placing of displacedpersons under the program of the Jewish Welfare Fund.Daniel James Blocker, AB '09, AM'11, DB '12, died at the age of 83 onApril 25. He had been retired for twelveyears as head of the Sociology Department of the College of William and Maryin Virginia.Dr. Frank Stanton, MD 10, of LongBeach, Calif., died July 29. He was awell-known physician and surgeon, astaff member of all Long Beach hospitals, and past chairman of the boardof Seaside Memorial Hospital.Dr. Hazel Kyrk, 10, PhD '02, ProfessorEmeritus of Economics at Goucher College, died August 6. She was the firstwoman to become Professor of Economicsat Chicago. She was a scholar of distinction and was recognized nationally for herscientific achievements.Mr. Irmgard Schultz Christmas, 12,died May 5, in Long Beach, Calif.Dr. Arthur L. Stotter, SB 15, MD 17,died September 11, in Shaker Heights,Ohio. For many years he had been headof the nose and throat departments ofMount Sinai and Polyclinic hospitals inCleveland.REGIONALOFFICESThe University of Chicago Alumni AssociationEAST COASTClarence A. Peters, DirectorRoom 22, 31 East 39th StreetNew York 17, New YorkTelephone, MUrrayhill 3-1518WEST COASTWilliam H. Swanberg, DirectorRoom 322, 717 Market StreetSan Francisco 3, CaliforniaTelephone, EXbrook 2-0925LOS ANGELESMrs. Marie StephensI 195 Charles StreetPasadena 3, IllinoisTelephone, SYcamore 3-4545These offices are maintained for the convenience of Chicagoalumni in these areas. Please feel free to call on their services.They help to produce your local Chicago programs; work withalumni committees for student recruitment and with fund committees for the annual Alumni Sift to the University.DECEMBER, 1957 31Hettie Louise Mick Martin, PhB 15,wife of John Martin, dance critic of theNew York Times, died in August inBoston.After graduation she joined the Chicago Little Theatre as an actress, butsoon became interested in marionettesand staged a number of productionswith them. She also conducted a dance-drama workshop at the Bennington, Vt.,School of the Dance.Judge H. Nathan Swaim, JD 16, ofthe U.S. Court of Appeals in Chicago,died in his home in July. He had servedon the appellate bench of the 7th Circuitwhich takes in Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin since 1949. Prior to that he was onthe Indiana Supreme Court.Claire Votaw Fager, PhB 16, diedon July 16. Her sister is Miriam Votaw,'23, and her father was the late ClydeW. Votaw, PhD '96, Professor Emeritusof New Testament Literature at theUniversity.John T. Foster, PhB 18, chief of fiscalservice for the Oklahoma EmploymentSecurity Commission, died August 8, following a heart attack. He had been anexecutive of the commission since 1941.Before that he had been a principal ofhigh schools in Texas and Oklahoma.Eliot Ness, PhB '25, Cleveland safetydirector from 1935 through 1942, andone-time leader of a sustained and en ergetic attack on vice and corruptionin that city, died on May 16. Often described as "restless" and "mercurial,"Ness was an unsuccessful candidate forMayor of Cleveland in 1947.A crime detection specialist, he wason the special Treasury Departmentteam in the 20's and 30's which convicted dozens of liquor czars on liquortax and income tax charges.His career as safety director wasstormy, filled with action and controversy. He inaugurated a system of meritpromotions in the police and fire departments, pumped younger blood into responsible positions, and waged an all-outwar on corruption in labor and policeranks.He served with the War and NavyDepartments in World War II and organized drives against crime and vicethat surrounded military installations.Mrs. O. Waters Wagner, PhB '28, diedJuly 20.Mrs. Agnes H. White, AB '39, diedJune 30, in Billings Hospital.The Rev. Werner G. Keueher, AM '42,President of the Baptist MissionaryTraining School in Chicago, died September 18, in his residence at the school.Jack Foster Rowles, JD '47, died October 22, 1956, in Bellingham, Wash.Andy F. Henry, AM '49, PhD '50, Pro- YOUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTASTES BETTERWHEN IT'S . . .A product -I Swift & Company7409 So. State StreetPhone RAdcliffe 3-7400fessor of Sociology at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn., died on July 29.Adele R. Johnson, AM '54, of Portland,Oregon, died August 24.®®®©®®®®®®®®®® SPECIAL REPORTMr.. ROLLINS WM. MILLER, JR. NEW YORK LIFE AGENTaL WASHINGTON, D. C.BORN; June: 11, 1921.EDUCATION: Georgetown University, Foreign ServiceSchool, B.S., 1950.MILITARY: U.S. Marine Corps— Tech, Sgt., January '42 toNovember '45.PREVIOUS EMPLOYMENT: March f48 to Sept. '48— U.S.'":-:,::^':"' State Dept. Oct. '48 to June !49 — Secretary,^ Dept. of Physics, Georgetown University. March '50 toj§P Aug. '50 — Sales Trainee, Manufacturer of ElectronicBusiness Machines. August '50 to August '51 — Salesman,Business Machines.REMARKS: Rollins Wm. Miller, Jr., joined New York Life!s Washington, D.C,office on August 1, 1951. Each year since, this personable ex-Marine's salesvolume has qualified him for membership either in the Company's President'sCouncil or Top Club. He is a Life and Qualifying Member of the industry-wideMillion Dollar Round Table. This impressive record makes it seem certainthat even greater success lies ahead for Bill Miller, as a New York Liferepresentative.j^ Bill Miller, after six years as a New York Liferepresentative, is already well established in acareer that can offer security, substantial income,and the deep satisfaction of helping others. Ifyou'd like to know more about such a career for yourself with one of the world's leading lifeinsurance companies, write:NEW YORK l-IFE INSURANCE CO.College Relations Dept.51 Madison Avenue, New York lO, N.Y,32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEFLY THE ROYAL COACHMANnonstop service betweenNEW YORK - LOS ANGELES $99WASHINGTON - LOS ANGELES $98CHICAGO - LOS ANGELES $76CHICAGO - SAN FRANCISCO $76LOS ANGELES - DALLAS/FT. WORTH $57NEW YORK - DALLAS/ FT. WORTH $63(AH fares plus tax)AMERICAN AlRUNESc^y4m0rka^ t^/ggdmg cywitm^^VmSlPictured above is our new Research and Development Center nowunder construction in Wilmington, Massachusetts. Scheduled forcompletion in early 1958, this ultramodern laboratory will housethe scientific and technical staff of the Avco Research and AdvancedDevelopment Division. A SCIENTIST-ENGINEERSPEAKS ABOUT AVCOMORE AND MORE it is being appreciated that no sharp borderline between science and engineering should exist. Thesetwo fields must strongly overlap to bring into being the fullestcreativity of both.To span the gap between science and engineering is one of thebig problems—it is one which no laboratory can ignore. In thisno-man's-land there are engineers who are physicists and physicists who are engineers. Avco is encouraging a staff of such men,men who are highly trained in the sciences but who realize thatthe ultimate goal is to apply this knowledge in ways that willenable mankind to live better in a better world of tomorrow.Industrial research must rest on the foundation provided by thecreative basic scientist. Yet its end product—new commercialitems, new defense systems and new techniques— comes intobeing only through the insight and skill of the creative engineer.Avco's newest division has a climate of creativity, coupled withlong-range corporate goals. In this atmosphere creative and far-sighted professional men, whether scientist, engineer or any oneof the infinite number of combinations thereof, will find rewardingwork at the Research and Advanced Development Divisionof Avco.Avco's new research division now offers unusual and exciting career opportunities for exceptionally qualified andforward-looking scientists and engineers in such fields as:Science:Aerodynamics • Electronics • Mathematics • MetallurgyPhysical Chemistry • Physics • ThermodynamicsEngineering:Aeronautical * Applied Mechanics • Chemical • ElectricalHeat Transfer • Mechanical • Reliability • Flight TestWrite to Dr. R. W. Johnston, Scientific and Technical Relations,Avco Research and Advanced Development Division,20 South Union Street, Lawrence, Massachusetts. 7 Dr. Arne WikstromSpecial Technical Assistant to the PresidentResearch & Advanced development