NOVEMBER 1957 UNIVERSITYURBAN RENEWALPAGE 20FLY THE ROYAL COACHMAN?nonstop service betweenNEW YORK - LOS ANGELES $99WASHINGTON - LOS ANGELES $98CHICAGO - LOS ANGELES $76CHICAGO - SAN FRANCISCO $76LOS ANGELES - DALLAS FT. WORTH $57NEW YORK - DALLAS/ FT. WORTH 63(AH fares plus tax)AMERICAN AIRLINES(-y/lnwrka's cy^^^g (^/iirlmeMemojmFruit basket spills WestEditor Felicia Anthenelli returned fromCalifornia with her Magazine-of-the-Year plaque under her arm (See October Memo Pad) to announce that shefell in love with San Francisco andwanted to return as soon as possible. Sheleft October 1, after having edited theOctober Magazine and gathered much ofthe material for November.Moving in to assume the editing responsibilities is another alumna, MelaniaSokol, '54, w7ho picked up her bachelor'sdegree after a rich experience in professional writing and editing,Mel was with the Chicago Journal ofCommerce before it merged with theWall Street Journal. After a short periodwith Tide, advertising and public relations weekly, she visited California andended up editing a publication for thePhoenix, Arizona, Chamber of Commerce.After graduation from the Universityshe tried teaching in Des Plaines. Itwas a successful venture but printers*ink was in her system. For the past yearshe has been free lancing out of Chicago.Last spring, Donald Moyer, AlumniDirector of Student Development, accepted a position as Assistant to theChancellor of the Board for EducationalFinance for the State of New Mexico. Itwas a most attractive offer and morenearly in the area of Don's PhD studiesat the University. He left for his newduties in Santa Fe, July 1.Marjorie Burkhardt, '56, has joined thealumni staff to continue Don's work instudent development through localalumni committees across the nation.Marj, during her student days, wasprominent in student activities, including the Quadrangler Club, Nu Pi Sigma,Interdorm Council, and the Student-Alumni Committee.After graduation she became an editorwith the Reynard Publications Corp.,publishers, among other things, of Tiger,a bimonthly popular magazine with national coverage. Tiger had troubles notof its own making and folded recently.Marjorie was free to take on new responsibilities. Her personality, judgment,and Chicago background made her an Morton Shapiro PhotoMarjorie Burkhardt (left) and Melania Sokolideal choice for her new position.Meanwhile, Elizabeth (Betsey) Shaw,popular Director of Programming, announced her engagement to George V.Bobrinskoy, Jr. son of the chairman ofthe Department of Linguistics. Georgeis a student in the Lawf School. Betseywill continue in her position with theAlumni Association until his graduation.The wedding is planned for December 23,John Flint Dille, ?09John F. Dille, '09, founder and presidentof the National Newspaper Syndicate,Chicago, died at the age of 72 on September 10.This came as a shock because I guessI thought of John as indestructible. Tome he was about fifty-one. This wasbecause he was always so vital, so active, with a new idea on the hour.Way back in 1916, John set up hisown newspaper syndicate. He built features around such people as Methodistminister Frank Crane; Dr. WilliamBrady; Harry Lauder ("Lauder and Funnier"); and Kin Hubbard, creator ofAbe Martin. John's invention of BuckRogers before the age of flying saucersand Superman was out of this world—if you follow me.There was never a more loyal alumnusthan John Dille. He worked hard for hisAlma Mater and sold it to the world withthe same zeal as "Let's Explore YourMind" one of his current syndicate features.As chairman of the Alumni FoundationBoard he helped sell the University tohis fellow alumni on the annual payment plan. In 1943 he was cited by the AlumniAssociation for public service.Of course his two sons caught dad'sChicago enthusiasm and attended theUniversity, became student leaders, married alumnae, and each family has a boyand a girl.John, Jr., '35, AM '56, married to JaynePaulman, *37, is editor and publisher ofthe daily newspaper The Elkhart Truth,and heads a radio and a TV station inElkhart; another radio and TV stationin Fort Wayne. You may remember ourstory about Jack in last November'sissue: "How Many Miles for a Master's?"He commuted from Elkhart for his degreein communications.Robert, '44, wife, Virginia Nichols, '43,and family live in suburban Glenview.Formerly general manager of the National Newspaper Syndicate, Bob succeeds his late father as president.This Is to certify . . .Arthur A. Baer, 18, president of theBeverly State Savings Bank of Chicago,has made his institution so much a partof the Beverly Hills, Morgan Park, andWashington Heights family life that theydo everything together but make popcorn balls for the Christmas trees,Of course the bank has prospered. Toprovide for expansion Arthur bought theproperty across the street west from hisbuilding and persuaded the city to closethe street so a new wing could be added,ending with 4 drive-in windows. ("Wehave developed a motor bank. These daysabout 90% of our customers come bycar.")NOVEMBER, 1957 1MEMO PADContinuedAs the mighty power shovels moved in,so did Arthur's Beverly Hills' friends —to help. In recognition of the tirelesshours these friends volunteered. President Baer issued certificates:This is to certify that the bearer isa licensed and accepted, sideioalk engineer and is, therefore, entitled to submitall forms of sage advice and opinion onany and all phases of construction of thenew Beverly Bank.The bearer shall be permitted to standby the hour and discuss with other members of this association all ideas pertaining to tJie betterment of the aforementioned structure.Stagg at 95"A. A. STAGG— HALE, HEARTY AT95," read a six-column head in the August 16 San Francisco Chronicle. To proveit were pictures of1. The Grand Old Man pushing a lawnmower (friends had sent him apower mower but he returned itwith the notation, "I need the exercise.") ;2. Cocking a golf club (100 full-bodiedswings, maybe twice a day);3. Washing dishes with Stella (shedoes most of the housework andthey "double-team" the dishes).The story summarized ninety-five haleand hearty years. The College of the Pacific held an anniversary dinner a few days in advanceof Stagg's birthday (at his request), sothat Stella's 82nd birthday, (August 7),could be included.The Staggs celebrated their 63rd wedding anniversary on September 10.Little Bald KnobAs I entered the Quadrangle Club toattend a farewell reception for GeorgeWatkins (exchanging a University vice-presidency for another with ContainerCorporation) I saw a strange discord onthe curb.Parked jauntily in the midst of lowerand swept-wing jobs was a cocky littlewhite- bodied 1928 Ford roadster. Fromits stubby wire-spoked wheel-base itlooked down on its underslung, tail-finned neighbors with an indifferenceborn of secure ancestry.It proved to be the conversation pieceat the party. This little puddle jumperhad just joined the Watkins family. Thestory:George, Cay (Catherine Pittman, '37)and family drove to Mexico for a summer vacation. Returning through Arkansas they were passing a Shell servicestation in Bald Knob, (2,200 souls), whenGeorge slammed on the brakes."Oh, no," breathed Cay, "Not that!"George was staring, sparkle -eyed, atthis 1928 Model A, complete with Klaxonhorn and Bald Knob license plate, parkedat the curb.Stella and Alonzo Stagg Said the Shell attendant, "Yep, she'sfor sale. |At a ridiculously low price,according to George, j Owned by an oldman who never drove it out of the hillsexcept to church.""You know," mused George, "it's agood thing you don't live near Chicago:or you'd have a sale.""You know," replied the Shell man,"my wife and I have always wanted togo to Chicago. For $30 more we'll putit in your driveway."It was delivered and George hadbrought it to the party. As we stood ina second-floor window looking down onthe 57th Street curb, we watched nearlyevery man and every boy do a double-take and a detour of inspection. A fatherdriving a 1955 Plymouth skidded to astop to let his young son make the circletour.As the party progressed, one of theguests got to making regular trips to thecurb to pick up the notes from the leather seat, like:"If you want to sell this car, telephoneme at FAirfax 4-...." A late comer,finding the note, had added: "or Mr.L.. .. at DOrchester 3-. ..."George already has been offered $100for the Klaxon; and three times theprice of the car.Insurance is something else again. Aliteral minded agent points to a $38 bookvalue; exuberant collector Watkins insists on an antique coverage in four figures. A dubious binder was holdingthings together during the negotiations.Meanwhile, there is another currentWatkins' story almost as confusing.When George became vice president ofthe University, he and Cay selected apicturesque piece of sloping land inFlossmoor and built a modern, comfortable, two-level home. For five yearsthey have enjoyed suburban living whileGeorge commuted twenty-three miles aday to the campus and Cay carried afull University social schedule via theIllinois Central Railroad.The campus was just recovering fromthe shock of his resignation when Georgethrew us back into confusion by announcing he had purchased the big house1on Woodlawn Avenue just south of theHyde Park Baptist Church. Commutingdistance to his former office at the University — three blocks.When asked why, at this late date, theanswer was complexly simple:Suburban midnight lawn-mowing byminer's lamp; involved chauffeur schedules for three youngsters; meeting midnight planes with the family stationwagon. This versus the University Labschools; the University social life (whichthe Watkins don't want to give up); belief in the new Hyde Park community,12 minutes from the loop.H,WM,2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEo [tl jJttS [sssueur cover and Pages 20-22 this monthare devoted to Hyde Park's redevelopment, as seen through the eyes andpen of talented alumna Violet FogleUretz. Vi is a free-lance artist, andmaintains a studio in the apartment sheand her husband, Bob Uretz, '47, PhD'54, occupy at 5529 S. Dorchester. (Bobis an instructor with the Committee onBiophysics.)When workmen began tearing downold buildings in the neighborhood, Vifound their activities a tempting subjectfor her sketch book, so she abandonedher studio for outdoors. You can findher these days, perched on a partially-demolished doorfront, sitting on a fire-hydrant or on the grass, working away.The sketches shown here are part of agrowing collection, showing this interesting phase in Hyde Park history. Several have already been printed in theWFMT Program Guide, and appear herewith Bernie Jacobs' kind permission.w»/enners of this year's QuantrellAwards (Page 4) include three members of the College faculty and oneof the University. In taking "candids"of the recipients for this issue, photographer Morton Shapiro was struck by onequality all four appeared to possess incommon: a genuine liking for people— no small ingredient, we might add, insuccessful teaching.WI* e feel especially fortunate in gettingProfessor John A. Simpson to do astory on the International GeophysicalYear (Page 8) for us. Simpson, who,incidentally, celebrates his 41st birthdaythis month, has served on the SpecialCommittee for the IGY (CSAGI) since1954, and in fact, was one of the scientists who has contributed to the IGYconcept that has since mushroomed intothe greatest scientific undertaking of itskind in history.As a member of the CSAGI, he hasorganized the programs for cosmic raysand related studies among the nations ofthe world. Simpson is a reporter on cosmic rays for CSAGI, and a member ofthe Technical Panel for Cosmic Rays andof the U. S. National Committee for IGY.Simpson came to Chicago from theOffice of Scientific Research and Development in 1943, as scientific group leaderof the Metallurgical Lab (A-bomb project) at the University. He has been onthe staff of the Department of Physicsand the Institute for Nuclear Studies(now the Enrico Fermi Institute) since1946, and was made a full professor in1954. He won his master's and PhD degrees from New York University. S^^^f "^ UNIVERSITYCJncittioMAGAZINE (J NOVEMBER, 1957Volume 50, Number 2FEATURES4 For Excellence in Teaching A Picture Story8 The International Geophysical Year (IGY) — John A. Simpson20 Urban Renewal Sketches by Violet Fogle Urefz24 Element 102 — A Story of International CooperationDEPARTMENTS1 Memo Pad3 In This Issue16 News of the Quadrangles26 Class News32 MemorialCOVERWorkmen tear down a building on Cable Court at 56th Street andDorchester Avenue, one of many which are being demolished as partof the Urban Renewal Project in Hyde Park. Alumna Violet FogleUretz is the artist. More sketches appear, beginning on Page 20.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEditor Editorial AssistantMELANIA SOKOL ROSS QUILLIANTHE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONExecutive Secretary-EditorHOWARD W. MORTAdministrative AssistantRUTH G. HALLORANRegional DirectorsCLARENCE A. PETERS (Eastern)WILLIAM H. SWANBERG (Western) The Alumni FundORLANDO R. DAVIDSONFLORENCE I. MEDOWStudent RecruitmentMARJORIE BURKHARDTProgrammingELIZABETH A. SHAWPublished monthly, October through June, by The University of Chicago Alumni^ Association,5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois Annual subscription price, $4.00. Single copies,25 cents. Entered as second class matter December I, 1934, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois,under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising agent: The American Alumni Council, B A. Ross,director, 22 Washington Square, New York, N. Y.NOVEMBER, 1957 3Maurice B. CramerProfessor of HumanitiesA member of the faculty of the College since 1945.Cramer has been Chairman of its humanities staff since1951. He holds bachelor's, master's, and Phi) degreesfrom Princeton University, and is a novelist and poet.His special field of interest is English literature. ForExcellenceInTeaching4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEILnique in American education are the Llewellynand Harriet Manchester Quantrell Awards for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching, established in1938 by Ernest S. Quantrell, an alumnus and trusteeof the University. Many forms of recognition andprizes exist for faculty achievement in research, hepointed out at the time, but outstanding teachinggenerally is unrewarded in American education. MS OUR annual prizes of $1,000 each are awardedto encourage and reward outstanding teaching, contributing to preparation of students and participation and leadership in such general pursuits asbusiness, civic and professional life.Caught in their classrooms and workshops byphotographer Morton Shapiro are this year's winners of the Quantrell Awards.Reuel N. DenneyProfessor of Social SciencesDenney was a journalist with Time and Fortune magazine prior to coming to the College in 1947, as AssistantProfessor of the Social Sciences. He was promoted to Professor in 1956. He has served as Chairman and has playeda prominent role in the development of the Social Sciences2 course, which deals with the relation between personalityand culture, -He is also a poet and a literary critic.NOVEMBER, 1957FOR EXCELLENCE IN TEACHINGContinuedGeorge L. PlayeAssociate Professor of FrenchPlaye is Chairman of the 1'rench Staff of the College, andhas served in that capacity since 1953. He first joinedthe faculty in 1946, and has worked in relating Frenchto the college curriculum, especially through the French-language version of the Humanities 3 course. He has abachelor's and a master's degree from Brown University.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEThomas S. LeeAssociate Professor of ChemistryLee is on the faculty of the University and has servedin the Division of Physical Sciences since 1949. He holdsa bachelor's degree from California Institute of Technology and earned his PhD at the University of Minnesota.NOVEMBER, 1957The InternationalMan takes a giant stride in hissearch for a key to his physical environmentWf f Khenever there has been rapidprogress in a field of science youwill find certain conditions existedwhich made this rapid advance possible. At the disposal of the scientists and engineers responsible for thedevelopment was an adequate amountof data, adequate instrumentation andsome theories upon which to designtheir experiments. When all theseconditions are fulfilled and there areadequate controls over the experiment, the rapid advances that youobserve in science appear.A good example of this is the riseof atomic physics in the first quarterof the century. Another, even morerecent, is the evolution of the wholefield of nuclear physics.The earth sciences — meteorology,the study of the earth's magnetic fieldand all of the physical phenomenathat occur on the surface of the earth,in its core, the atmosphere above itand in the interplanetary space beyond — have been in a less fortunatesituation. Because of poor and inadequate experimental data, physicistshave had great difficulty exploitingtheories for terrestrial phenomena. Amajor effort to solve this problem waslaunched July 1, 1957. At zero hour, universal time, on that date, the largest organized intellectual enterpriseever undertaken by man began: theInternational Geophysical Year(IGY). It is world-wide in scope andwill extend over a period of eighteenmonths. From studies during thoseeighteen months we will learn moreabout the earth, its history, and thespace around us than we have overan integrated period of a hundredyears in the past. This will be accomplished by data collection and experiments performed during the eighteen-month period. Years may elapsebefore you see any concrete resultsfrom this effort, but the plan hasbeen laid, the program of studies isunderway, and advances in the earthsciences are certain.Sixty-four nations are participatingin the IGY. I shall try to describe thebeginnings of this program and tosketch for you its broad outlines andideas.JL hysical phenomena which occuron a world-wide scale can only beevaluated and understood by making observations on a world-widescale. Fundamentally, this is like the story of the blind men trying todescribe an elephant.The scientists who have agreed toparticipate in the IGY will be carrying out their measurements over theentire world; either simultaneouslyover a series of time intervals, or elseby agreements over well-definedareas of the earth. This is really whatthe IGY is to accomplish.The plan began about four yearsago. It originated in an effort by asmall number of scientists to makeworld-wide observations with the aidof selected nations throughout theworld.It soon became clear that there wastremendous enthusiasm for such anidea and in 1954, about twelve of usmet in Rome, as a committee calledthe Special Committee for the IGY(CSAGI). Each of us represented onediscipline among the sciences, andeach of us assumed responsibility fororganizing the world in one particulararea of science. A permanent secretariat was established for CSAGI withoffices in Brussels. At that time,already thirty -five nations had agreedto participate in the program, butlooking over the world map, we realized that there were still large areas8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEGeophysical YearbyJohn A. SimpsonProfessorKnrieu Kermi Institutelur Nuclear Studies andDepartment of Physicstu steers to many problemsa b o ut iv It i e h sei e n tist scould only theorize inthe past will be madepossible during the IGY.John A. Simpson at theblackboard discusses theorbi t of t h e satellite. ¦*fo^«.W,ss.;.ft: &%$?<:¦:¦::.:.:*mMMl&murion 8tiap.tr© PhotoIGY continuedof the globe not participating, amongthem the Soviet Union and theChinese mainland.It was quite clear from the beginning that our plan was doomed tofailure unless we could develop thescientific ideas and the scientific programming free of political questions that were then plaguing theworld and are still with us. Our committee realized this, and so in eachcase, when a nation was invited totake part in the studies, it was alwaysdone in such a way that it was moreattractive for that nation to contribute its scientists and data than towithhold them from the world-wideprogram. Each nation receives morefrom cooperation than it individuallyhas to contribute to the enterprise.Representatives of the U.S.S.R.came to Rome, looked over the meeting for one day, and then departedfor Naples. Our planning went ahead,day by day, and unofficially they received information at Naples of whatwe were doing. On the last day, they Figure 1came back — having analyzed the results and noted what the problemswere — and joined the effort. ThePeoples Republic of China has sincejoined us, and so we have the world'sland areas covered, with all the majornations of the world participating.The fact that the Chinese Nationalists(Formosa) also are participating givesproof to the belief that these worldstudies transcend all political barriers.During the October 1954 (October4) meeting in Rome, our Committeeformally recommended that as manynations as possible consider the development of vehicles for scientific instruments which could be placed inorbits around the earth during the IGY. These vehicles are called satellites or man-made moons. The response of both the United States andthe Soviet Union to this request hasbeen gratifying. President Eisenhowercommitted the United States to a satellite program in an official announcement, July 1955. The Soviet Uniondid not make its intentions clear untilwe met with the representatives atBarcelona, September 1958. (See footnote below).The program includes measurements in meteorology, oceanography,cosmic-rays, geo-magnetism, solarphysics, and many other fields ofresearch. Our idea is not just to exploit what we may observe on theearth's surface or in the crust or core,but also to explore the space aroundus, the interplanetary medium, andthe sun. We shall investigate, forexample, the role the sun plays incommunications over the polar regions, and conditions which determineweather. These problems have theirsolution in our better understandingphysical phenomena on a world-widebasis.xm. s I indicated earlier, the IGY isdeveloping into the largest intellectual effort, and certainly one of thelargest scientific and engineering efforts, in the history of civilization.In terms of the number of scientists,number of engineers, commitment ofthe military and even in funding, it islarger than the Manhattan Projectduring World War II, and we do notknow yet how large an effort IGYwill turn out to be, for it is difficultto find all the facets, all the waysin which nations contribute.You have heard about the satelliteprogram. It represents only three tofive per cent of the IGY effort andyet, by itself, is a major enterprise.Some idea of the magnitude of thefinancing for the IGY may be gleanedfrom the following: My estimate isthat 250 to 300 million dollars willAs this goes to press the U.S.S.R.has successfully launched the first satellite test vehicle in preparation forIGY participation. This is a dramaticadvance in technology, and from thepoint of view of our Special Committee is a most welcome achievementwhich will contribute immeasurablyto the progress of the earth sciencesover the coming years.10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEgo into scientific equipment and sometechnical salaries, and that anotherestimated 1.8 billion dollars will beexpended by the participating nationsfor direct logistic support. Additionally, a quarter to one -half billiondollars probably will be required forthe analysis of data, data handling,operational matters, and extensions ofobservations in remote regions.Each nation pays its own way; themore it wants to do, the more it paysout of its own budget. There is noconflict about one nation supportinganother nation's scientific enterprise.If, for example, the United Stateswishes to do experiments in SouthAmerica, the United States suppliesits own equipment and, perhaps, someof its own men. In this sense, wecontribute to the build-up of sciencein the South American countries; butthere is no substantial exchange offunds at an official level. The researchis done, on the one hand, in completecooperation regarding objectives and,on the other hand, competitively onthe basis of ideas.f would like to point out one or two of the main features of the programming for IGY which are quite important for carrying out simultaneousobservations.Let us examine a world map. Whena scientist wants to make observations, for example, in meteorology,solar physics, or cosmic rays, he needsa string of stations distributed inlongitude but covering all the latitudes of the . earth. To do this, wedecided to have three internationalbands of longitudes: extending (1)through 70-120° west, (2) through thelongitude which includes Europe, and(3) through Australia, India, Japan,and China. These three bands roughlydivide the world into thirds, and setup in each is an amazing array ofstations devoted to many of theearth's sciences. The arrangement ofmeteorological stations in the 70-120°west band is shown in Figure 1.JL here are special regions of theearth of particular interest to us.The oceans occupy a major portion ofthe earth surface. Little is known about them. The Soviet Union isdeeply interested in oceanography andthe United States too is making amajor effort in this direction. TheIGY will afford the first opportunityto explore this seventy per cent ofthe earth, which, so far, has beenexplored only on a very, very smallscale.To illustrate, it is impossible to getan understanding of ocean currentsfrom casual observations on the surface. Simultaneous observations fromall over the ocean are necessary, sothat a composite "picture" may be hadof the motion of the currents as theychange with time. The flow of watersat each level in the ocean can thenbe reconstructed mathematically, andfrom this, the world-wide currentsystem deduced. This knowledge provides an insight into the future of ourcoastlines and, for example, of theexchange of ocean waters with theatmosphere — very important factorsfor our survival in the future.Equally important is the Antarctic.(See Figure 2). You have been reading a great deal about the Antarctic.Antarctic RegionsKnown lend erai, Shertic*^ GlacierCoast gerin tunCoast occestonelty accasiiWeI j Pick tee at all seasonsf' I" j ' I Pack ice only pert of the yearANTARCTIC STATIONS^ Proposed U.S.? Some Existing Geophysical Stationsof Other CountriesAzimuths! equidistant projectionSeal* 1:60.000.000 alone the mendtons-1000 I — 2000- 2000 STATUTE MILES-3d00 «il0mEtE»S2000 NAUTICAL MILESFigure 2ANTARCTICAIGY continuedI can only make one or two briefstatements about it here.The North Pole, primarily for political reasons, is inaccessible at alllongitudes to any single group ofscientists. The South Pole is accessible to all nations, and, since simultaneous observations are possiblearound the entire polar region, isideal for the study of weather at alllongitudes. Further, the South Poleis covered by a huge land mass, whichcontrols the weather of the Southernhemisphere.We are going to learn much inthe Antarctic about nature and ourearth. In the process of setting upground stations during 1955-57, theUnited States, the Soviet Union, Australia, and Great Britain have mademore discoveries than were madefrom the early days of the Scott expedition, at the beginning of the century, to the last Byrd expedition in1946-47.The Antarctic is important to thestudy of a continent covered by iceand provides a clue to conditions thatmay have existed on our own continent in the last Ice Age, or elsewhere, on the order of ten to fifteenthousand years ago. The University of Chicago has hadthree expeditions to the Antarcticin the last three years, and is undertaking a fourth expedition this Fall.The routes followed by our CosmicRay Laboratory on board U.S. Navalvessels are shown in Figure 3. Fromthe measurements made, we havebeen able to extend our knowledge ofcosmic rays and the earth's magneticfield.I would like to emphasize that themain IGY program is being carriedout with remarkable logistic supportfrom the military organizations inthe major countries.Within the United States, theresponsibility for establishing scientific bases in the Antarctic has beenundertaken by the U.S. Navy, withthe assistance of the U.S. Air Force.The Navy, in addition, has undertakenthe project known as "Vanguard," thesatellite development program. TheAir Force also has undertaken wideareas of research to assist the scientists and provides missiles for scientific work.o,' ne of the most important features of this world-wide program istransport of the scientist and equipment to remote sites and seeing thathe survives there long enough to make his observations. In many regions of the world, including theAntarctic and certain remote islands,there is a real problem of survival.These are problems that have beenfaced and surmounted with militaryassistance.In many cases, experiments andobservations are so difficult and expensive that they can be carried outonly intermittently. To solve thisproblem, a world calendar was established. Out of the eighteen monthsspecified as the geophysical "year,"certain days are agreed upon forobserving. Every scientist has theprogram and knows, for example, thaton day 14 of November, 1957, there isa world day. It is understood that hewill make observations on that day,knowing that, throughout the worldon that day, there will be eight thousand other scientists making observations of all kinds. Later, he will haveaccess to all these observations.There is a world-wide communications network, so devised that anyobserver in any part of the world isphased in time to about one microsecond. This provides a precision timegrid over the entire world, extendingfor several thousand meters belowthe surface, and above to the elevationof the satellite.Figure 3Routes followed by the University of Chicago Cosmic Ray Laboratory on its expeditions aboard U.S. naval vessels.12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEI50°E 180° I50°W I20°W 90°W 60°WFigure 4Location of cosmic-ray stations operated by the University of ChicagoAll these data are being broughttogether by the various national committees under the supervision ofCSAGI, and will be collected at certain world centers.To resolve the problem of who shallbe custodian of the world data, thedecision was made to have more thanone collection point. The Soviet Unionand the United States each will becustodian of one complete set of data,the Soviet Union at Center "A" andthe United States at center "B."Arrangements also were made fora third or "C" series of data centers,comprising another complete set ofdata, this to be divided among thesmaller countries of the world according to disciplines; for example,Sweden will be a world data centerfor cosmic rays, Switzerland formeteorology, etc. This was done toprovide for unforeseen political difficulties, or so that in spite of a possiblecatastrophe, a world data center willsurvive somewhere. o'ne of the most important consequences of an international effortsuch as the IGY is the standardizationof instruments. World-wide standardsof major instruments and principletechniques will be adopted in manyfields. Of most direct interest to mepersonally is the fact that the nationshave agreed to duplicate apparatusdeveloped in our laboratories at Chicago for the measurement of cosmic -ray intensity. Since these instrumentswill be distributed all over the world,they extend greatly the capabilitiesof our own research at Chicago.Since 1950, we have had our ownminiature IGY at Chicago in the formof a network of cosmic-ray stationswhich we established in 1951, extending from Peru northward. (See Figure 4). These stations have been operating twenty-four hours a day andwith the onset of the IGY, the effectiveness of this network has beenmultiplied many fold. Another example of standardizationis the satellite. A new instrument ofresearch, the satellite is a man-mademoon which will carry many instruments capable of measuring propertiesof the space beyond the earth. In1956, the Soviet Union agreed to useU.S. standards for the major characteristics of the satellite and the sameradio frequencies for transmittinginformation from the satellite. Thuswe will be able to collect data fromtheir satellite and they from ours.Obviously I cannot present hereany of the scientific programs forthe IGY. All I can do is give somegeneral problems that have to besolved in the various fields. In meteorology there is the question of theorigin of meteorological conditions inthe polar and in the equatorial regions. No adequate theory for theseobservations exists at present.Then there is the question of theinfluence of carbon dioxide in theproblem of heat balance of the earth,and of the loss of heat to the outeratmosphere. Carbon dioxide is believed to be entering the atmospherein ever-increasing amounts to act asa barrier to loss of heat from theearth, and as a result, the earth slowlyis becoming warmer. Now, if theaverage temperature increases byonly a few degrees, the United Stateswithin the next seventy-five to ahundred years faces the loss of somemajor harbors due to ice melting.We may have an answer to this problem in about eighteen months.Another question is the influenceof the sun upon terrestrial phenomena. We know there are unusualtransient phenomena occurring on thesun that produce tremendous electromagnetic storms and lead to failuresin communications, not only in theArctic and the Antarctic, but overvast portions of the earth.Let me give you a specific exampleof how research is being directed atthe Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies at the University toward answering one of the fundamental questions.It is a problem in geo -magnetism inwhich we apply our knowledge ofcosmic -ray particles.w*E know that the earth can beconsidered roughly as a sphere witha "bar" magnet at the center. Thisbar magnet produces lines of magnetic force that extend out fromNOVEMBER, 1957 13IGY continuedthe earth in the pattern shownroughly in Figure 5. You will recallfrom your high school or collegephysics courses that if you sprinkleiron filings on a sheet of paper locatedover a bar magnet, a pattern similarto that shown in the figure will form.The distribution of the magnetic fieldin the space around the magnet isnot unlike the magnetic field distribution extending far beyond theearth.Now when a charged particle, suchas a cosmic-ray particle, enters themagnetic field, the particle is deflectedas it crosses lines of force. For example, let a charged particle enterfrom position A in Figure 5. If it isof very low energy, it will be deflectedand may disappear never to approachthe earth again. However, if it hassufficiently high energy, it may notbe deflected so much, and may actually penetrate to the surface of theearth, where it may be detected byinstruments. Particles of all energiescoming from direction B, on the otherhand, may come in without deflection,since they do not cross lines of force.At this polar point, cosmic-ray particles of all energies are received.At the magnetic equator, only thehigh- energy particles arrive. Sincethere is a smaller number of high-energy particles than low- energyparticles, the lowest intensity existsat the magnetic equator. Conse- EquatorialPlane ofMagneticField Surface of EarthHigh EnergyFigure 5quently, we may redefine the locationof the geomagnetic equator as allpoints where the minimum cosmic -ray intensity exists.So we ask: Suppose we were totravel around the earth with a cosmic -ray detector and hunt for all pointswhere the lowest intensity of cosmicrays exists?We would map out a line on thesurface of the earth which represents a plane perpendicular to theaxis of the magnetic — the magneticequatorial plane. This representsroughly the plane of symmetry for the field distribution far above the earth,and provides a technique for usingcharged particles as little probes toexplore the outer regions of theearth's magnetic field inaccessible tous. This could not be done beforebecause conventional magnetic fieldmeasuring devices restricted measurement to the surface, or near to thesurface of the earth. From these surface measurements, Gauss in 1835, andothers since then, have made a theoretical analysis of what the fieldshould look like at great distancesfrom the earth. We now come to theFigure 614 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEo°-\COSMIC RAY EQUATORECCENTRIC OIPOLE FIELD EQUATORDIP EQUATOR (0° INCLINATION) 1945 SURVEY' I ' ' I ' ' ' ' ' I I I | | I150° 120° 90° ^^ - - - —WESTFigure 7 60° 30° 0° 30GEOGRAPHIC LONGITUDE *I I I I I I I I I I I I - I t 1 I60° 90°EASTfundamental question: Is the magneticfield far from the earth the same asthat derived by analytical proceduresover the past hundred years or more;or is the distribution substantiallydifferent?It may appear very easy to assigngraduate students the task of carrying cosmic-ray detectors around theearth to hunt for the minimum intensity, but it is not quite that simple.In fact, to carry out our study, it hasbeen necessary to employ the servicesof the U.S. Air Force, particularlythe Strategic Air Command, whichprovided us with aircraft, men andmaterials for a 90,000-mile expedition.This joint project of the Universityand Air Force was known as "Tan-Glove."To search for the minimum, a seriesof traverses were made at twelvedifferent longitudes. Figure 6 showsthe zigzag course of the aircraftwhich carried the detectors at highaltitude around the earth. The entireexpedition required only forty-threedays. The results are shown in Figure7. The solid line represents the theoretical distribution of the magneticfield accepted for many years; thedash-dot line, the new experimentalresults. Clearly, these results showa marked difference in the position ofthe equator from that currently accepted. These differences are of fundamental importance for the study ofthe aurora, cosmic rays, communications, and the highly-ionized mediumwhich extends outside our atmosphereas a vast shell. The results also cantell us something about the natureof the interplanetary medium at considerable distances from the earth,and may modify our views on theways by which the sun influenceselectromagnetic effects on the earth.The U. S. artificial satellite to carry cosmic-ray equipment will repeatthis experiment in much greater detail.A he foregoing is an example ofhow a fundamental problem involving measurements of a world-widecharacter may be carried out with thelogistic support of a large militaryorganization, utilizing stand-by military potential. It is also an exampleof how techniques in one field of science can be brought to bear uponproblems in another; namely, thetechniques of cosmic rays on theproblem of geomagnetism. Although science is not centered on techniques,they have become essential for theexploitation of basic ideas and theories, and to join man's imaginationwith the realities of nature.Among techniques to be employedduring the IGY is the use of radioactive tracers for determining themovement of air masses, and to traceocean currents. Neither the jetstream nor the flow of deep oceancurrents has a distinctive color, butby introducing radioactive materials,it is possible to follow the radioactiveisotopes in their course and thus mapout the direction and velocity of thejet stream or ocean currents.It is hoped that during the IGY,nations will contribute hundreds ofdetectors for measuring continuouslythe radioactive fall-out for the studiesin meteorology and oceanography.Data from these stations in the pasthas been considered secret but it appears that the results obtained in boththe Soviet Union and the UnitedStates will become the common property of scientists. The U. S. AtomicEnergy Commission will contributethe data from more than a hundredstations throughout the world.In conclusion, the IGY offers aremarkable opportunity for scientists to extend knowledge in the earthsciences far beyond our earlier expectations, and at the same time, tobreak down the barriers which haveheretofore existed to the transfer andexchange of information among thenation. It is virtually impossiblefor any nation to send scientists tomeetings of our committees withoutcompletely revealing the state of itstechnology. If a nation agrees to undertake certain measurements on aworld-wide scale, it is possible toidentify exactly what the task requires in the way of science and en gineering. Consequently, for the firsttime since the war, we really havea global concept of the scientific andengineering capabilities of the variousnations. Knowing that the majornations have this strong capability inscience may prove constructive in reducing political tensions.The success of the IGY is due partlyto the ability of the participants toavoid discussion of major politicalproblems. Minor problems and frictions which have arisen, have neverreally seriously threatened the success of the scientific effort. Early thisyear, I spent time in Tokyo bringingtogether scientists of widely diversepolitical views, including official representatives from the Chinese mainland. As I noted earlier, representatives of both the Chinese Nationalistsand the Chinese People's Republicare participating in the effort; a mostremarkable fact considering the political pressures of the present day.Finally, the benefits of IGY appearboundless. I think the only limitations for the world are to be measured in terms of the ability of manto assimilate the new knowledge andto turn this new knowledge into practical applications for the bettermentof mankind.In another direction, the limitationprobably lies in a lack of sufficienttrained minds capable of interpretingthe results to the best advantage.This is particularly true in the UnitedStates where, in fundamental science,the growth of scientific interest hasnot been comparable to the growthof the nation as a whole.Barring unforeseen circumstances,the eighteen-month period which began July 1, promises some ratherexciting developments, basic to ourknowledge of the earth.The foregoing article is based upon a talkpresented by Professor J. A. Simpson to theCitizens Board of the University of Chicago,May 28, 1957, at the Hotel Sherman, Chicagoi^^'-^-;^**.*¦*.»««^S»K*? .T: W '*1£i^rfS«gSK^^ «$ :,;-/As this issue went to press, orientation week was in full- swing, with social and recreational events, advisoryconferences, placement tests, and tours included in theactivities for undergraduates.Advance estimates placed student enrollment at 5,500,compared to 5,329 last year. Of the new students, approximately 2,100 undergraduates were expected and 3,400graduate and professional school registrants.New housing was awaiting the students, with one wingof the new $3,500,000 women's dorm completed, and theother two wings scheduled to be ready for occupancy intime for the winter quarter. At present 182 students arehoused in the building; when completed, it will accommodate 512. It runs along the whole south side of 58thSt. between Woodlawn and Kimbark. The food and service building, to be built in the patio formed by the threewings of the dormitory, will not be completed for sometime, so students for the present are receiving meals atthe Cloister Club in Ida Noyes Hall.Also in use are 274 new apartments for married students in buildings which the University has purchasedand renovated. These offset 102 pre-fab units removedsince last spring. Altogether, this gives the University424 such units for married students, still not enough tomeet the demand.New Electron MicroscopePictured on the left is the first of three new electronmicroscopes being installed for biological research at theUniversity.This one, provided by a National Polio Foundationgrant, is being used by the Department of Biochemistryto study pieces of viruses broken up by chemicals in thehope of finding how these microbes invade living cells.The Department of Zoology is installing a second electron microscope under a Public Health Service grant. Itwill be used to study the influence of chromosomes onthe manufacture of proteins by animal cells.A third instrument has been ordered by the Committeeon Biophysics, also under a Public Health Service grant.It will be used for observing the effects of ultravioletirradiation on certain parts of living cells.The microscopes cost $27,400 each.New Economics GrantA new fellowship program for the study of economicsat the University of Chicago has been established by theIngersoll Foundation of the Ingersoll Milling MachineCompany, Rockford, 111.Ingersoll Economics Fellowships, each worth $3,000, willbe awarded to first-year graduate students studying economics. One fellowship has been granted for the 1957-58academic year. Plans are being made to offer four orfive Ingersoll Economics Fellowships for the academicyear 1958-59.Recipient of the first Ingersoll Economics Fellowship isLarry A. Sjaastad, Tagus, North Dakota. He is a 1957graduate of the College of the University of Chicago.Morton Shapiro PhotographA $27,400 look through a new electron microscope is takenby Dr. Lloyd Kozloff of the Biochemistry DepartmentNOVEMBER, 1957 NEWS OF THEQUADRANGLESAN INFORMAL REPORTKreydich DiesAlexander Kreydich, Field Superintendent of the Athletic Department,died July 1, in Billings Hospital. Apolitical refugee from Russia, he wasfirst employed by Amos Alonzo Staggin 1912, and, with "Jimmy" Twohig,his boss until the latter's retirementin 1934, was a friend of generationsof Chicago athletes.New Director NamedTo Radio OfficeAlec Sutherland, program directorof the British Broadcasting Corporation's North American bureau, hasbeen named Director of EducationalBroadcasting for the University. TheRadio Office is in charge of educational services of the University.Sutherland succeeds Edward W.Rosenheim, Jr., Associate Professorof Humanities in The College, whoresigned to devote full time to teaching.A native of Glasgow, Scotland,Sutherland has been with BBC since1938. During World War II he servedas a BBC war correspondent attachedto the U. S. Army, and afterwardswas director of the British ForcesNetwork in Germany. In 1947, hewas named senior television administrator for BBC, and the followingyear became chief program plannerof British television.In his most recent assignment asNorth American program director,Sutherland was in charge of radioand television program exchange between England and America. He alsoproduced programs in this countryfor audiences in Britain.Saturn Ringed With SnowAccording to findings of Gerard P.Kuiper, the rings of Saturn, fourthfarthest planet from the earth, aremade of snow.Kuiper, Professor of Astronomy atthe University's Yerkes Observatoryat Williams Bay, Wis., further hasfound that Jupiter's satellites No. IIand III are partly covered by snow.Kuiper presented his findings in areport at a meeting of the Ameri- Astronomical Society in Urbana, 111. Thereport is based on observations witha device called the infra-red spectrometer. Developed by Kuiper eleven years ago, the instrument usesa dime -sized vacuum tube that isultra-sensitive to invisible infra-redlight rays. Infra-red rays, detectedby special films, have long been usedin landscape photography. Theserays pierce haze and create dramaticeffects on film by rendering waterblack and vegetation snowy white.Very little infra-red light was reflected from the rings encircling theplanet Saturn, and so they appearvery dark on the spectrometer. Thisshows, Kuiper said, that the rings aremade of small snow crystals deposited at very low temperatures.Some snow cover similarly was detected on two of Jupiter's nine knownmoons. Two others, Nos. I and IV,appeared very much like our ownmoon, he said, and have no snow.Other recent observations of planets, with the infra-red techniqe, produced the following:(1) Confirmed an earlier finding byKuiper that there is carbon dioxidein Mars' atmosphere. The presenceof this gas, needed by plants, hasstimulated speculation that there iselementary life on this planet.(2) Showed with new precisionamounts of methane and ammoniagases in the outer atmosphere of Jupiter, with water vapor in the atmosphere close to the surface.(3) Showed that the cloud coverover Venus, a planet close to the sun,is not due to water droplets, as it ison earth, but is probably caused bybrown carbon suboxide particles(C302), an unstable and primitiveform of carbon dioxide.(4) Revealed twenty new featuresabout Uranus that show its atmosphere is not composed of methane, aswas thought, but of a molecule(HCO) similar to the disinfectantformaldehyde.Gottschalk HonoredLouis Gottschalk, Professor of History, was awarded an honorary doctoral degree by the University ofToulouse, France, in June.The ceremony was organized tocelebrate the two -hundredth anniversary of the birth of Lafayette, onwhom Gottschalk is an eminentauthority. Having published fourvolumes so far on the life of Lafayette, Gottschalk has temporarily interrupted this continuing project towork for unesco. Ten Faculty RetireTen members of the faculty andteaching staff of the University andits schools reached the mandatoryretiring age of 65 last June, with atotal of 220 years of service on theMidway.Robert S. Piatt, Professor of Geography and former Chairman of theDepartment, a specialist in LatinAmerican political geography, whopioneered in aerial surveys of SouthAmerica, first joined the faculty in1919. Royal S. Van de Woestyne,Professor in the School of Business,who also served as the School's actingdean, retires after 21 years on thefaculty.Rexford G. Tugwell, one-time governor of Puerto Rico, administratorof the Resettlement Administration,and under-secretary of agricultureduring the Roosevelt administration,joined the Midway faculty in 1946 asa Professor of Political Science. Tugwell and his family will move toBeltsville, Maryland.Associate Professor Gladys Campbell, whose career as a teacher beganin University High School in 1922, andwho became a member of the Collegefaculty in 1932, has received a Whitney Foundation award which willtake her to Virginia Union University,Richmond, to teach next year.Jean M. Brochery, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, retiresafter 12 years on the faculty. SallieL. Mernin, retiring Associate Professor of Nursing Education, has taughton the Midway since 1935.Nelson H. Norgren, Associate Professor of Physical Education, whocoached baseball, basketball, andfootball since 1921, will move to Oakland, California. Norgren was one oftwo Chicago athletes to win 12 lettersin three seasons of competition.Nina Jacob, who has taught thefirst and second grades in the University Elementary School since 1922,will continue teaching in the school,in which some of her pupils now aregrandchildren of those she oncetaught to read. Anna J. Lukes, teacherin the Sonia Shankman OrthogenicSchool of the University since 1926,likewise will continue active teaching.William E. Scott has concludedthirty-five years as an educationaladministrator at the University. Heretired recently short of the usual18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEage of sixty -five for reasons of health.Scott came to the University in 1922as a graduate student in economics,having taken his undergraduate degree that spring from Reed College,Portland, Ore. His first position, asassistant director of football ticketsales, led to other appointments. From1924-26 he served as an administrativeassistant to Presidents Ernest DeWittBurton and Max Mason.Appointed Assistant Dean in TheCollege in 1928, he became AssistantDean of Students of the Universityin 1930. He also was a member of thefaculty of the School of Business,1926-36,From 1936-41, he was Chairman ofthe College Evaluation Committee ofthe Progressive Education Association's eight-year study to determinewhether graduates of certain experimental secondary schools were moresuccessful in college than graduates ofmore conventional schools.On his return to the University hewas named an assistant dean incharge of relations with secondaryschools, becoming Registrar in 1952.In 1955, he went to India on a StateDepartment appointment as a visitingspecialist in educational administration. At the time of his decision toretire he was Director of Admissionsof the University,Scott and his wife will move toWeyerhauser, Wisconsin, where theywill live most of the year.Kuiper Heads AstronomyGerard P. Kuiper, Professor ofAstronomy and an authority on thesolar system, is the new Chairman ofthe Department of Astronomy,Kuiper, whose additional appointment began September 1, also will beDirector of the University's YerkesObservatory at Williams Bay, Wis.,and the McDonald Observatory atFt. Davis, Texas, which the University operates under a joint agreement with the University of Texas.He succeeds Bengt G. Stromgren,Sewell L. Avery Distinguished Service Professor of Astronomy, who hasbeen Chairman of the Department andDirector of both observatories sinceJanuary, 1951. Stromgren has accepted an appointment to the Institutefor Advanced Studies, located atPrinceton, N. J.Kuiper, born in Holland in 1905,received both his BS (1927) and PhD (1933) degrees from the University of Ley den. First appointed bythe University as Assistant Professorin 1936, he became full Professor in1943, and during 1947-49 was directorof the Yerkes and McDonald Observatories.In addition to being the author ofmany scientific papers, he is theeditor of a four- volume work entitledThe Solar System, and editor-in-chief of a nine-volume work Compendium of Astronomy, Stars, andStellar Systems,Scholars from AsiaTwo prominent scholars from theNear East and Asia will be on thecampus this year, the first of approximately ten who will spend a yearhere during the next five years.The Ford Foundation supportedprogram will also send two scholarseach year to Columbia, Harvard, andthe University of California. It isdesigned to give Asian scholars directexperience with the extent of American scholarship and culture, and atthe same time make learning fromthat part of the world more accessible in this country.Yasuo Akizuki, Professor of Mathematics at Kyoto University, Japan,and Sudhin Datta, a Director of theInstitute of Public Opinion in Calcutta and well-known poet andwriter, will spend this academic yearhere,Richard McKeon, Professor of Philosophy, is the coordinating and disbursing agent for the total Ford grantof $800,000, but each of the fouruniversities will initiate their owninvitations, so as to maximize mutualinterests between the visitors and thehost university.Stipends will cover travel and allcosts for the scholars. They will befree to engage in whatever studiesand research, or deliver such lecturesor seminars as they choose.Huggins HonoredDr. Charles B. Huggins, Professorof Urology and Director of the BenMay Laboratory for Cancer Research,has been presented an honoraryDoctor of Science degree by Torino(Italy) University and elected honorary President of the Italian Urological Association, both in recognitionof his contributions to research inthe control of cancer by hormones. Track star Alan JacobsJacobs 2nd in 100, 200 MetersAlan Jacobs, star sprinter from theUniversity, placed second in both the100- and 200-meter races, and rananchor on the winning U. S. 400-meterrelay team at the Fifth MaccabiahGames held in Tel -Aviv, Israel, during September. He was the star ofthe U. S. team, w^hich won the men'strack and field section of the games.Jewish athletes from all corners ofthe world participate in the contests,which include 16 branches of sport,the same number as in the Olympics,Jacobs wrote that he had enjoyedseeing Israel, that the athletes hadbeen housed in tents, and that heplanned to stay over for the high holidays.The University track club collected$1,155 to send Jacobs and to helpfinance the games.To Study Adult EducationA two year self-study of its ownwork in adult education will be madeby University College with a $160,000grant from the Fund for Adult Education.The downtown center, located at19 S. La Salle Street, is the first suchorganization to re-examine its workthrough the assistance of the Fund.The results of the study will be madeavailable to other institutions engaged in similar services. The termsof the grant provide for investigation(Continued on page 34)NOVEMBER, 1957 1920*/***c /tisu^rzC^L^.sCZle, y^^a^pc^^^t^, <t/a^u^ c^ //y<<^ rhsz^/c-T> oJlcJU<$Zl^ /Lcosl^ $~<£7*'21X ^0UyU*T7zL (jrwd^ <U <S~5~ 7Z22NC~\Sketches by Violet Fogle Uretz^a-i^3iei.^__23Element 102 — A Story ofInternational CooperationExperimentsbegun inArgonneNationalLaboratoryspan AtlanticTwo years of research — some anxious moments — finally paid offfor Paul R. Fields, SB '41, groupleader in Argonne's Chemistry Division, a participant in the discovery ofElement 102.Fields, Arnold M. Friedman andcolleagues two years ago began preliminary experiments at Argonne totest the feasibility of bombardingcurium with carbon ions, with theaim of finding a new element.The group theorized that the bestchance of discovering Element 102would come from bombarding theheaviest element with the lightestparticle. Curium is the heaviest element available in sufficient quantitiesfor testing purposes, and carbon ionsare the lightest particles that wouldyield Element 102.The desired results could not beobtained with the cyclotron thenavailable at Argonne.Last summer, chemist John Milstedof Britain's Harwell atomic energyresearch establishment, worked atArgonne under the U. S.-British exchange program.Fields and Friedman discussed theirexperiment with Milsted, and a jointagreement was made to try to dofurther work on it with the more effective Swedish cyclotron at the Nobel Institute for Physics at Stockholm.Milsted told Fields and Friedmanhe thought he could get some "freetime" on the Swedish cyclotron. Hehad been promised time last year.Milsted did get it, and arrangementswere made to conduct Element 102experiments at Stockholm after thefirst of the year.Fields arrived in Stockholm March1, and was joined there by his Argonne colleague, Friedman. Alsojoining him were Milsted, and the Nobel Institute Team of Hugo Atter-ling and Bjorn Astrom, physicists;and Wilhelm Forsling and LennartHolm, chemists.The group worked day and nightduring the next 22 days, making ninebombardments of curium with carbon ions. These attempts producedthe necessary radioactivity, but notin sufficient amounts to conductchemical tests to prove the existenceof Element 102.The day before Fields was scheduled to leave for the United States —Saturday, March 23 — the scientistsdecided to try again.Atterling — head of the Swedishteam — told Fields, "I'll give you agoing away present — we'll have agood bombardment."This tenth and final bombardment— along with chemical testing — wassuccessful in proving that Element 102existed.But there were still pitfalls ahead.After Fields returned to the UnitedStates, it was found that intensealpha activity from the curium hadinteracted with aluminum backing onthe target, ruining the target for further use.The target had become too thickfor recoil atoms of Element 102,formed under bombardments, to burstthrough and be caught on clean foils.So for the next three or four weeks,scientists were unable to reproducethe experiment.Then Friedman and Milsted returned again to Sweden with a newtarget made at Harwell — additionalexperiments were run — and the findings confirmed.The possibility that Element 102might not be a new element wasraised in May. The University of California Radiation Laboratory at Ber keley reported it had produced thorium that had chemical propertiessimilar to Element 102.So more experiments were in order. Then, in June, Swedish scientists proved, chemically, that the newelement was not thorium. And longmonths of research and experimenthad culminated in the discovery ofElement 102.Scientists have discovered four elements in the past two years.Elements 99 and 100, Einsteiniumand Fermium, were found jointly in1955 by Argonne and Berkeley groupsexamining the debris of the firstH-bomb explosion.Element 101, Mendelevium, wasalso discovered in 1955, by Dr. GlennSeaborg and colleagues at the University of California Radiation Laboratory at Berkeley.The classification system for elements, called the periodic table, wasestablished 88 years ago, in 1869, bya Russian chemist, D. I. Mendeleyev.In the periodic table, elements arearranged in ascending order of atomicweight. That is, the lightest comefirst and the heaviest last.Elements heavier than uranium,Element 92, are all synthetic. Theyare obtained by transmuting uraniumnuclei, step by step, into successivelyheavier atoms.There are a number of difficultproblems about synthesizing elementsheavier than Element 101. As nucleibecome heavier they become less stable, their half-lives become shorter,the number of atoms that can be synthesized becomes smaller and theirdetection becomes more difficult.Information on these ultra -heavyelements is important both in chemistry and for better formulation ofnuclear theory.24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEELEMENT 102ContinuedFields also took part in researchwhich led to the discovery of Elements 99 and 100, made public August 31, 1955, in a joint statement.The announcement follows:"In a joint letter to the editor ofthe journal Physical Review, scientists at Argonne National Laboratory,Lemont, 111.; The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos, N. M.;and the University of California Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif.,describe the results of cooperativeexperiments performed at the threelaboratories which resulted in the discovery of Elements 99 and 100."The source of the material whichwas used for the first chemical identification of these elements was radioactive debris collected from a thermonuclear test carried out In thePacific Ocean in late 1952. Element99 was produced via the instantaneous capture by uranium 238 of fifteenneutrons which resulted in an unstable uranium 253 nucleus. This quickly transformed into Element 99,weight 253, by the emission or lossof seven Beta particles. In a similarmanner, the capture of seventeenneutrons and loss of eight Beta particles resulted in the formation ofElement 100, weight 255. This work,which has just been declassified, wasdone prior to the reported productionof these elements by cyclotron andreactor bombardments."The letter, which was publishedIn the August 1, 1955, issue of ThePhysics Magazine, suggests that theElements be named after Albert Einstein and Enrico Fermi, two prominent scientists who died recently. Thename Einsteinium, Symbol E, is recommended for Element 99, and Fer-mium, Symbol Fm, for Element 100."The communication was signed bythe following scientists:Argonne National Laboratory —M. H. Studier, P. R. Fields, H. Diamond, J. F. Mech, G. L. Pyle, J. R.Huizenga, A. Hirsch, and S. M. Fried.Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory¦ — C. I. Browne, H. L. Smith and R. R.Spence.Radiation Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University ofCalifornia — A. Ghiorso, S. G. Thompson, G. H. Higgins and G. T. Seaborg. Willett New ChairmanOf Alumni FoundationHoward l. willett, jr,, Chicagotrucking executive, has beenelected Chairman of the AlumniFoundation.A member of the Class of 1930,Willett is president of the WillettCompany and a former vice-president of the Society of AutomotiveEngineers. His civic activities includethe presidency of the Chicago Metropolitan Unit, Illinois Association forthe Crippled.The Alumni Foundation Is thefund-raising arm of the Alumni Association. Willett succeeds HowardE. Green, '25, Winnetka, under whoseleadership alumni support of the University went over half a million dollars this year.Chancellor Lawrence A. Kimptonhas appointed five new members tothe Board of Directors of the Foundation. They are:Joseph R. Brady, '30, president, J,R. Brady and Associates, sales andmarket research firm.Paul W. Cook, '22, Evanston, general agent (Chicago), Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company.Mrs. John A. (Dorothy Hackett)Holabird, '18, president of the Chicago Council on Community Nursingand a trustee of Providence Hospital.Kenneth F. MacLellan, Jr., '42, Evanston, vice-president, Sawyer Biscuit Company.P. J. Toigo, '33, Joliet, president,Pepsi-Cola Aurora-Elgin-Joliet Bottling Company. Alumni Clubs PlanLively ActivitiesA varied program of activities is scheduled by alumni clubs around the country.Among them:LAKE COUNTY, ILLINOIS— The newVice Chancellor of the University, JohnI. Kirkpatrick, will be the first speaker(November 19) on this active club'sprogram this season.CLEARWATER, FLORIDA— AdmissionsCounselor Agnes Bonner will show a newcolor film to be used for student recruitment to alumni in Pinellas County onNovember 10.SAN DIEGO— Cyril Houle, Professor ofEducation and former Chairman of theFaculty Development Committee, will bethe speaker at a meeting November 16.NEW YORK— Professor Reuel Denneyand alumnus Leo Rosten will commenton the aesthetics and morals of Americanmass culture at a cocktail party at theHotel Plaza on November 21.CHICAGO — Arrangements have beenmade with the Art Institute to open thePicasso Exhibit to alumni and theirguests the evening of November 6— aremarkable opportunity to view the magnificent collection when the galleries arenot crowded.Recent club activities have included:NEW YORK— September 1, a receptionwas given for Chicago alumni attendingmeetings of the American PsychologicalAssociation.PHILADELPHIA—The premier showingof the new color film to be used in student recruitment was given at the September 17 party for entering students.PALO ALTO—San Francisco area alumnispent the afternoon of Sunday, September 23, touring the grounds of the FordFoundation Center for Advanced Studyof Behavioral Sciences. Chicago facultymembers who will be in residence therethis year were welcomed. Ralph Larson'25, and John Neukom, '34, 1957 AlumniCitation Award winners, were honored.The 45 alumni children who came withtheir parents were entertained by threehours of cartoons.CHICAGO— Children of alumni enteringChicago this fall were guests of theAssociation at a reception during Orientation Week in Alumni Lounge.WASHINGTON, D. C.—Bradley H. Patterson, Jr., '42, MA '43, Assistant CabinetSecretary at the White House, was thespeaker at the October 28 luncheon foralumni in the nation's capitol.NOVEMBER, 1957 25PHOTOPRESS, INCOFFSET-LITHOGRAPHYFine Color Work a SpecialtyQuality Book ReproductionCongress St. Expressway andGardner RoadCOiumbus 1-1420MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica -Exacta -Rolleiflex -Polaroid1342 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259NSA Discounts2 Day Color DevelopingHO Trains and Model SuppliesSARGENT'S DRUG STOREestablished 1852Chicago's most completeprescription and chemical stockphone RAndolph 6-477023 N. Wabash AvenueChicagoSHERRY HOTEL53rd Street At The LakeComplete Facilities ForTraining Groups — Sales MeetingsBANQUETS— DancesCall Catering. , . . FAirfax 4-1000LOWER YOUR COSTS\:::-— f.yCHICAGO ADDRESSING & PRINTING CO.Complete Service for Mail AdvertisersPRINTING- -LETTERPRESS & OFFSETLetters • CTypewriting opy Preparation *• Addressing Imprinting• MailingQUALITY — ACCURACY — SPEBDIII So, Dearborn • Chicago 5 < » WA 14565&***• fcoem e MR)UNO?:* a Nass i News13-23Howard A. Hoaglund, '13, was electeda director of the Association of Commodity Commission Merchants in May.Enrique E. Ecker, PhD '17, until hisretirement last June a Professor of Immunology at Western Reserve University, was honored twice earlier this year.In March, Walter Reed Army Hospital dedicated a special conference to himbecause of his many original contributions in the field of natural immunology.In June, Western Reserve observed his70th anniversary and retirement by inaugurating an annual seminar in experimental pathology which will bear hisname. At the opening session Eckerspoke on a complex substance in bloodknown as complement.Leo Jos, Lassalle, PhD '17, retired inJuly from Louisiana State University asDean Emeritus of the College of Engineering. He is seventy years of age, andhas been teaching at LSU since 1908.Lassalle will live in Baton Rouge, La.Jessie B. Merry, SB 19, who has beenserving as a case wforker in the JasperCounty Department of Public Welfare,Rensselaer, Ind., for the past twelveyears, retired on July I and is now living on a farm near Frank ton, Ind.E. Marie Plapp, SB 19, SM '20, resignedher position as a math teacher in a Chicago high school as of last June. Shepoints out that she resigned, not retired,even though she could have done thelatter in two more years, and suggeststhat the current teacher shortage needsto be investigated from the point ofview of why people leave teaching, aswrell as from the point of view of whymore people don't become teachers.Rev. Dr. Henry Harris Trotter, PhB'21, has been elected a missionary bishopof the Reformed Episcopal Church. Nowrector of an Oreland, Pa., church. Trotter expects to be assigned to the 8,940-member denomination's missionary jurisdiction of the Chicago synod, whichembraces churches in Illinois and Ohio.Jay W, Schovel, LLB '21, of Independence, Kansas, has been voted presidentelect of the Kansas State Bar Association.He will take office in 1958. 24-33Robert Stranger, AM '23, pastor of theBethany Evangelical and ReformedChurch in Chicago, became the ninthPresident of Elmhurst College on August1. Stranger is a member of his church'sgeneral council and co-author of a history of the church entitled, March OnWith Strength.James F, Findley, AM '23, Presidentof Drury College, Springfield, Mo., received an honorary Doctor of Laws degree in June from Grinnell College,Grinnell, Iowa. An ordained minister,he served a parish earlier in his career.Arnold H. Maremont, PhB '24, JD '26,of Chicago, has been named to membership on the national council of the National Planning Association. The councilis a group of leaders from all fields of lifeand all geographical areas, who conductresearch in long term economic trendsand attempt to have these taken intoaccount by business leaders and thegeneral public.Roy C. Newton, PhD '24, vice president in charge of research at Swift &Co., Chicago, has picked up anotheraward: this time the Gold Medal for1957 from the American Institute ofChemists, for his leadership in foodtechnology and service to the chemicalprofession. Newton is highly regardedin his profession and has had manyother honors since his graduation toSwift & Co. in 1924.Felix M. Buoscio, PhB '24 JD '25,was elected to the Municipal Court olChicago by a better than two to onemajority recently. The father of threeboys, Buoscio was one of three Democrats who swept the election.Dr. William J, Baker, Rush MD '24,was elected president of the AmericanUrological Association in June. He is aveteran member of the staff at St. Luke'sHospital, Chicago, where he is medicalco-chairman of the hospital's development program,John I. Brewer, SB '25, MD '29, PhD'36, has been installed as President ofthe Medical Staff of Passavant MemorialHospital in Chicago. He is Professor cfObstetrics and Gynecology at Northwestern University Medical School.26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJohn Wesley Coulter, PhD '26, has received a Fulbright Award to lecture inFrance for the academic year 1957-58.He will give lectures on the Pacific atthe University of Bordeaux during theWinter semester and at the Universityof Paris in the Spring of 1958.Coulter's first experience in Francewas as a lieutenant with the AmericanExpeditionary Forces in World War I.His latest book on the Pacific, The PacificDependencies of the United States, willcome off the MacMillan Company Pressin September. He is Professor of Geography at the University of Cincinnati.Claud L. Shaw, '30, has returned fromDetroit to become associated with theHyde Park Y.M.C.A., Chicago. Claudwas Alumni Fund Director in Detroitbefore returning to Chicago.Harriet Hathaway Fearon, '30, ex-Maroon staff member, is on the statedesk of the Bangor (Maine) Daily News,putting out seven editions daily.Joseph J. Abbell, PhB '32, JD '34, isnow a partner in the law firm of Abbelland Abbell in Chicago.James R. Meyer, SB '32, is the developer of Glenmoor Gardens, a residentialarea in Fremont, Calif. He is presidentof five real estate and building companies there.Roy Swanberg, PhB '32, is the ownerof his own firm, Catering Ice Cream Co.in Phoenix, Ariz.Lawrence F. Greene, SB '32, lives withhis wife and three children in Rochester,Minn., where he has recently been appointed Associate Professor of Urologyat the Mayo Foundation, University ofMinnesota.Robert B. Greenman, SB '32, MD '37,is busy establishing a residency programme at the U. S. Naval Hospital inSt. Albans, N. Y., where he is Chief ofObstetrics and Gynecology.Jack Bohnen, '32, is a sales managerat Inland Steel in Hinsdale, 111.Joseph A Chenicek, SB '32, PhD '35,is director of chemical research at Universal Oil Products, Prairie View, 111.Arthur O. Borg, PhB '32, is the resident vice-president of Colorado Insurance Group in Salt Lake City.William W. Dyer, SB '32, is operatingfour towboats and a fleet of barges onthe Tennessee River as traffic managerfor Igert Inc., in Paducah, Ky. Anna D. McCracken, '33, has retiredafter 35 years on the University of Kansas philosophy faculty. She is serving,for the fifth time, as Lawrence, Kans.,chairman for the Alumni Foundation.Jerry Jontry, '33, immediate past president of our New York City Alumni Cluband advertising director of Esquire Magazine since 1954, has been appointed vicepresident of Esquire. Jerry devotedmuch time in helping to reactivate ourNew York club. He will be celebratinghis 25th reunion out of college next June.Charles W. Boand, LLB '33, MBA '57,of Chicago, was among those receivingthe MBA degree on August 30. He iswith the law firm of Wilson and Mcll-vaine.34-41Dr. Samuel S. Blankenstein, MD '34,a specialist in eye diseases, is associatedin the practice of medicine with Dr. Herbert Giller and Dr. Meyer S. Fox inMilwaukee, Wis.William M. Hugill, PhD '35, Chairmanof the Department of Classics in theUniversity of Manitoba at Winnepeg,Canada, has been elected President ofthe Manitoba Educational Assn. Hiswife is Lyla Guesh Hugill, AM '25.Dr. Cornelius D. Penner, PhD '35,Chairman of the History Department atBaldwin- Wallace College, Cleveland,Ohio, has been awarded a Fulbrightgrant. He will lecture at the Universityof Wilhelmshaven in Germany for ayear, beginning this fall.iJohn G. Albright, PhD '36, has retired !from the Department of Physics at theUniversity of Rhode Island and is aVisiting Professor at Westminster College, New Wilmington, Pa.Harry W. Malm, AM '36, '41, the vice-chairman of the Rental Library Committee of the Chicago Bar Association, ispromoting three luncheon lectures forthe association. Chicago Sheriff JosephLohman, and Warden Joseph E. Ragenof Joliet will address the two remainingassemblies, on October 30 and November30, respectively.Leslie C. Warren, PhD '37, has beenappointed an Assistant Professor of English at Canisius College, Buffalo, N. Y.An English teacher since 1930, Warrenhas been on the faculties of New YorkUniversity, the University of Chicago,and the University of Illinois. He is mar-. ried and has two children. POND LETTER SERVICE, Inc.Everything in LettersHooven Typewriting MimeographingMultigraphing AddressingAddressograph Service MailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones: 219 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisSince 1885ALBERTTeachers' AgencyThe best in placement service for University,College, Secondary and Elementary. Nationwide patronage. Call or write us at37 South Wabash Ave.Chicago 3, III.ZJkeExclusive CleanetAWe operate our own drycleaning plantTHREE HOUR SERVICE1331 East 57th St. 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.Midway 3-0602 NOrmal 7-9858Office & Plant1442 East 57th Street Midway 3-0608UNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANK1354 East 55th StreetMemberFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationMUseum 4-1200Phones OAlcland 4-0690—4-0691—4-0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueProducersof PrintedAdvertisingin ColorAround the ClockMilton H- Kreines '27101 East Ontario, Chicago 11WHitehatl 4-5922-3-4NOVEMBER, 1957 27Garrett J. Hardin, SB '36, was promoted to full Professor of Biology bythe Santa Barbara branch of the University of California In July.C, Taylor Whittier, '36, AM '38, PhD'48, Director of Instruction for thePinellas Public Schools, Clearwater,Florida, has moved to Maryland, wherehe has been appointed Superintendentof the Montgomery County Schools,near Washington, D. C. Taylor and hiswife, Sara Jane Lechrone, '34, AM '46,have headed the University's studentpromotion committee in St. Petersburgand were active in other alumni affairsin Florida.Dr. George W. Whitehead, SB '37, SM'38, PhD '41, has been promoted to therank of full Professor at MassachusettsInstitute of Technology. Formerly ateacher and mathematician at PurdueUniversity, Aberdeen Proving Ground,Princeton University, and Brown University, he has been on the M.I.T. facultysince 1949.William Tate, '38, Dean of Men at theUniversity of Georgia, Athens, spoke tothe Calhoun Rotary Club in June on thesubject, u '1975/ an analysis of our stateand nation at that time." He is an experton the State of Georgia and its development. Samuel Z. Cardon, SB '39, SM '41, testified in July before a House committeeinvestigating filter cigarettes and lungcancer.A chemist of 16 years experience, Cardon stated that, "additives releasing ammonia at the approximate combustiontemperatures of cigarettes can reduce bya large factor, or eliminate entirely,these (cancer producing) compoundsfrom the smoke of cigarettes."John Frederick Gall, PhD '39, has beenadvanced to assistant manager of theresearch department of Pennsalt Chemicals Corporation. He is well known inthe fields of electrochemistry and fluorine chemistry and Is chairman of theDivision of Inorganic Chemistry of theAmerican Chemical Society.J. Leonard Schermer, '39, JD '41, ofSt. Louis, has become a member of thelaw firm of Shifrin, Treiman, Agatstein& Schernier, at 611 Olive Street,Dr. Martin Bronfenbrenner, PhD '39,has joined the faculty of Michigan StateUniversity as Professor of Economics,He has been an economic analyst for theU. S. Treasury, the Federal ReserveBank of Chicago, and a Professor atRoosevelt University in Chicago and atthe University of Wisconsin. He Is the author of many articles, and recentlyserved as a U.N. consultant in Bangkok,Siam, and Seoul, Korea.William Tucker Dean, JD '40, has beenappointed Secretary of the Cornell University Law School, at Ithaca, N. Y.The Morrays (Marjorie Kuh, '40)back from Spain and way points, arenow settled at 1548 Scenic Avenue,Berkeley, California, where Joseph isProfessor of Law at the University ofCalifornia,Jerome E. Moberg, '40, has a fancyletterhead which reads, "Designer, Perry, N. Y." He writes, "I'm still designing knives for Robeson." For fun heperforms in the annual Rotary Minstrelsand for service he fills vacant pulpitsas president of the Genesee -WyomingPresbytery Men's Council, The children?"Heather starts school this fall and Dustyis now a second grader . . .I've startedtheir college fund , . . can't promisethey'll go to Chicago . , . but we planto warp their thinking a bit ..."42-50George Watson, PhD '42, who lives inHyde Park, has been named Dean ofStudents at Roosevelt University.©©©©©©©©©©©©©© .=• «*»;.*"..';.-" -V.-"" SPECIAL REPORTMr.. JIM BYRD NEW YORK LIFE AGENTATLANTA, GEORGIABORN: April 14, 1929.EDUCATION: Georgia Institute of Technology, B.E.f 1951.MILITARY: U. S. NAVY—- LT. JG June '51— May '53.PREVIOUS EMPLOYMENT: July f53 to March '54—Industrial Engineer for shoe manufacturer.REMARKS: Former Navy Lieutenant Jim Byrd became a New York Life representativeon March 16, 1954. His entry into the insurance field came soon aftergraduating from Georgia Tech as an engineer. Largely as a resultof a helpful, friendly manner in his business activities and a logical approachto his clients' insurance problems — Jim Byrd's switch in careers, fromindustrial planning to insurance planning, proved notably successful. Hisimpressive record in the nearly 4 years with New York Life — which includesqualifying for the Company's Star Club in 1954; Top Club in 1955, 1956; andthe industry-wide Million Dollar Round Table in 1956, 1957 — is a goodindication of Mr. Byrd's future success potential with the Company.Ii& Jim Byrd, after nearly four years as a New YorkLife representative, is already well established ina career that can offer security, substantialincome, and the deep satisfaction of helpingothers. If you'd like to know more about such a career for yourself with one of the world'sleading life insurance companies, write:NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE CO.College Relations Dept. D-7S1 Madison Avenue, New York 10, N.Y,28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHe has been on the Roosevelt facultyfor 11 years, and was formerly Chairmanof the Political Science Department. Hehas also taught at Southern Illinois University and Northwestern, and served asexecutive director of the Federation ofTax Administrators, a research organization.Watson is a board member of Central States Cooperatives, and was formerly treasurer and a board member ofthe Hyde Park Co-op.Robert F. Dale, SB '43, of Palo Alto,Calif., is a state climatologist, workingin San Francisco.Rev. Robert A. Thomas, DB '44, wasawarded an honorary degree by Culver-Stockton College, Canton, Mo., in June.Thomas, who also delivered the baccalaureate address at the convocation, isminister of the First Christian Churchat St. Joseph, Mo.John W. Bokman, PhB '45, SM '49, PhD'51, has joined the geological consultingand engineering firm of Alex W. McCoyAssociates, Inc., Tulsa, Okla. Followingcompletion of studies at the Universityhe joined the Standard Oil Co. of California with assignments in Houston,Tex. and Ardmore, Okla. In 1955 hejoined the Tulsa Research Laboratoriesof the Carter Oil Co.Charles C. Holloway, MBA '45, is avice-president of Marshall Field & Co.in Chicago.James Luther Adams, PhD '45, willoccupy a newly created professorshipat Harvard Divinity School. He will bethe Edward Mallinkrodt, Jr. Professorof Divinity. Adams, who has been teaching Christian ethics at Harvard, wasformerly a minister in Salem, Mass. Hejoined the Harvard faculty in 1956 afterserving with the University's FederatedTheological Faculties. He is author ofThe Changing Reputation of HumanNature, Taking Time Seriously, and otherworks.William A. Clark, AB '46, and hiswife, Lynn Slater Clark, AM '49, became the parents of their second daughter and third child, Maria Damaris, inJuly. They live in San Anselmo, Calif.Bill does financial public relations inSan Francisco.Tilton Davis, Jr., AM '46, director ofeducation for the Fifth U. S. Army, wasawarded $300 for superior performancein administration and leadership of theFifth Army's Education Program. Hisduties consist of planning, directing, andadministering an educational programthat enables army personnel in the 13 states comprising the Fifth Army areato complete their education.Dr. Norman A. Phillips, SB '47, SM'48, PhD '51, has been promoted fromResearch Associate to Associate Professor of Meteorology by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He wasmeteorologist at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton for five yearsbefore joining the M.I.T. staff in 1956.William H. Hatheway, PhB '47, SB '48,SM '52, and his wife, Merilyn, have oneson, David William, who was born inApril, 1956. Hatheway received his PhDfrom Harvard in 1956 and is employedas a biometrician in Bogota, Columbia,by the Rockefeller Foundation.Dr. Joseph A. Hasson, MBA '47 and'50, PhD '51, has been appointed SeniorEconomist at Midwest Research Institute in Kansas City, Mo. He has taughtat Tulane and the University of Washington, and, from 1951 to 1954, was aresearch economist with the Departmentof State in Washington.Robert A. Nottenburg, AM '47, PhD'50, is Dean of the Faculty of International Correspondence Schools, Scranton,Pennsylvania.Babette Valerie Casper Block, PhB'47, SB '49, of San Francisco, is editinga news letter for the Kaiser FoundationHealth Plan.Harlan M. Blake, '47, AM '48, JD '54,who joined the New York law firm ofCravath, Swaine & Moore after LawSchool graduation, has resigned tobecome Professor of Law at the University of Minnesota. In July he and Barbara Barke, '45, AM '48, took the marriage vows in Italian at Venezia. Theytraveled through Europe leisurely (hewrote from Copenhagen) before settlingin Minnesota.Harold G. Halcrow, PhD '48, is nowHead of the Department of AgriculturalEconomics at the University of Illinois.John K. Robinson, PhB '47, AB '48, isstaff associate in research and education with the Coro Foundation, SanFrancisco.Colonel Harold C. Brown, SM '48, wasgraduated from the Army War College,the Army's highest educational institution, in June.Dr. Adaleen Eloise Burnett, AB '49,received her MD degree from StateUniversity of New York, Syracuse, N. Y.on June 9. GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186Webb-Linn Printing Co.Specializing in theproduction ofSCIENTIFICMEDICALTECHNICALBOOKSMOnroe 6-2900YOUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTASTES BETTERWHEN IT'S . .A product "I Swift & Company7409 So. State StreetPhone RAdcliffe 3-7400T.A.RBWQUISTC0 SidewalksFactory FloorsMachineFoundationsConcrete BreakingNOrmal 7-0433GIVE TOTHE ALUMNI FOUNDATIONNOVEMBER, 1957 29CLASS NEWSContinuedDr. William R. Brueckheimer, AM '49,an Assistant Professor of Geography andGeology at Western Michigan University,Kalamazoo, Mich., has been electedChairman of the East Lakes division ofthe Association of American Geographers.Seth G. Benardete, AB '49, AM \53,PhD '55, has been selected one of eightyoung scholars who have "promise ofnotable contribution to knowledge andthought" and who have become JuniorFellows at Harvard University this fall.Junior Fellows are provided with roomand board, all travel and expense money,in order to be freed from all monetaryworry and routine. They have free access to all courses, faculty members, andresources at Harvard, and need take noexaminations. Benardete will studyClassics.Herbert L. Baird, AM '49, PhD '55.has been appointed Assistant Professorof Romance Languages at Pomona College, Claremont, Calif.Elizabeth Maser Gruse, AB '50, andJohn Dixon were married in Tokyo inJune, They will live in New York.MUSICAL GIFTSfor CHICAGO MEN andTheir FamiliesImpono;! Swiw Movement Plays:HHvr '///<¦ I-'laa', Chicai'i*with College Seal and Song? Cigarette Box .............$ 9.95? Humidor-Pipe Rock ......... 12.95D Table Lighter .............. 14.95? Ash Tray {song only) ....... 5.95(We pay all shipping charges)Name .........................Address .......................City State ..........................MUSICAL CREATIONS, Inc.18 Exchange St. Pawtucket, R. I. Don Levine, AB '50, AM '54, has beenawarded a Foreign Area Fellowship bythe Ford Foundation. The grant willenable Levine to study the effects ofmodernization programs in Ethiopia inthe social organization and personalitydevelopment of adolescents in the Am-haric-speaking region. The project includes two months background researchin Rome and 16 months in Ethiopia.Levine departed in October with hiswife, Joanne.Harold P. Ford, PhD ?50, has resignedhis position on the Political Science Department of Davidson College, Davidson,N. C, to re-enter government work asa consultant in Far Eastern affairs.Dr. Frank Baldanza, Jr., AM '50,Cornell PhD '54, of Baton Rouge, La.,has been appointed to the faculty ofBowling Green State University in Ohioas an instructor in English.Harold R, Harding, \50, has resignedhis position as Alumni Secretary forGrinnell (Iowa) College to become Associate Director of the American AlumniCouncil in Washington, D. C. The AA.C.is the national professional organizationof alumni directors, fund directors, andalumni editors.James D. Barber, AB '50, AM '55, Assistant Professor of Political Science atStetson College, DeLand, Florida, hasbeen awarded a Southern FellowshipsFund award for this year. He will doadvanced study in history at Yale.Rosson L. Card well AM '47, and PaulB, Henderson, MBA '52, have becomeassociates of Booz, Allen & Hamilton,national management consulting firm.Cardwell joined the consulting firm in1955 after three years as the ExecutiveDirector of the University's CowlesCommission. Before that he was Secretary of the University's EconometricSociety and Assistant to the Biologicaland Medical Research Director at Argonne National Laboratory. At Booz,Allen & Hamilton, Cardwell has specialized in the problems of institutions,doing consulting work for hospitals,colleges, religious organizations, andschool boards.Henderson joined the company in 1953.As a consultant, he participated in thefirm's general management, consulting,and financial assignments for severalutilities and aircraft manufacturing companies, and for the Republic of the Philippines in development of a new budgetsystem.Dr. Ian G. Barbour, PhD '50, AssociateProfessor of Physics and Religion atCarleton College, North field, Minn., has Dr. Ian G, Barbourbeen awarded a Frederick GardnerCotrell grant for $2,600 by the ResearchCorporation, N. Y. The grant supportsresearch on time -variations of low-energy cosmic rays, which will be donein conjunction with the InternationalGeophysical Year.51-56Edward F. Wente, AB '51, has beenawarded one of two fellowships givenby the American Research Center inEgypt for a year's study in that country.These fellowships, made possiblethrough a grant to the Center from theBollingen Foundation, carry with thema grant of $5,000 each. In addition topursuing his Egyptological studies, Wentewill act as Director of The AmericanResearch Center, which maintains anoffice in Cairo to furnish aid and information to American institutions, scholars and students and establish liaisonwith Egyptian scholars and authorities.During 56-57 Wente acted informallyas representative of the Research Center,even though political conditions in Cairomade it inadvisable for it to operate officially that year.Other Chicagoans active in the Research Center are John A. Wilson, PhD'26, of the Oriental Institute, who isVice-President and Trustee; George R.Hughes, of the Oriental Institute, Trustee; Richard A. Parker, formerly of theOriental Institute, Membership Secretary and Trustee; and Elizabeth TitzelRiefstahl, AB 11, Associate Curator Emeritus of the Egyptian Department ofthe Brooklyn Museum, Executive Secretary.30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINERuby Little, AM '51, is living inTulsa, Okla., where she is casework supervisor for Family and Children's Service.Don A, Mills, AB '51, a third-yearstudent at the Georgetown UniversitySchool of Medicine, Washington, D. C,has been awarded a $995 Morgan Scholarship for his senior year.Irving Levine, MBA '51, of Park Forest,and his wife Zylvia are the parents ofa daughter, Sarita Beth, born July 9at Michael Reese Hospital.Captain Susanna L. Chase, AM '52, isstationed at Fort Sam Houston, Tex.,where she completed a nursing administration course early this year. She isan Army Nurse.John P. Gilligan, AB '52, is a production assistant on the CBS-TV series,20th Century, which premieres Sunday,October 20.Edward Falkenhayn Jr., MBA '52, afirst lieutenant with the U. S. Air Force,is serving at the U.S.A.F. Severe Weather Warning Center in Kansas City.Eugene J. O'Meara, MBA '53, was appointed administrator of the Sharon(Pa.) General Hospital, effective June1. He will be responsible for an expansion program, including a million dollaraddition already begun.Robert Joseph Batson, AM '53, hasjoined the faculty of Western MichiganUniversity in Kalamazoo, Mich,, as Assistant Professor of Political Science.In 1949-50 he studied at the LondonSchool of Economics on a FulbrightFellowship.Rinehart Baron, AB '53, has accepteda position with the research and development center of the Armstrong CorkCompany.Barbara Miller Lane, AB '53, has beenawarded a fellowship by Radcliffe College to work for an advanced degree atHarvard University.John Wilkinson, PhD '54, now teaching at Robert College, Istanbul, Turkey,has been appointed Visiting AssistantProfessor of Philosophy at WesleyanUniversity, Middletown, Conn. He hasbeen teaching at Robert College since1954 and had previously been a tutorat St. John's Academy, Annapolis, Md.,and Instructor at the University. Wilkinson is a member of the AmericanPhilosophical Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Austrian College Association. The author of several articles, he is now writing a bookon the logic and philosophy of communication theory.Audrey Jane Rubovits, '55, was married to Richard J. Loewenthal, Jr., inChicago on September 8, 1957. Duringher student days, Audrey was awardedan achievement medal by the Association for Student Leadership. She was amember of the Student-Alumni Committee and is currently a member of theCollege Alumni Senate. Her father isRichard A. Rubovits, '20. Earl M. Tapley, PhD '55, has joinedthe Education Department of EvansvilleCollege, Evansville, Ind. For the last fouryears he has been Director of SpecialServices and taught psychology and English at the University of Chattanooga.Before that he was Dean and Vice-President of Lee College.James H. Roche, MBA '55, is Chairmanof the Department of Social Studies,Elmwood Park (111.) Community HighSchool, and has taught world history andAmerican history since 1955.Continued on page 40NOVEMBER, 1957 31MemorialHugh L. McWilliams, '01, of Chicago,died in July. He was a partner with hisbrother, Donald McWilliams, in the realestate management firm of McWilliams& Sons.George H. Garrey, SB '01, SM '02, ofDenver, Colorado, died in July.Ethel Remick McDowell, PhB, '02, diedin July. She had been the director ofthe Chicago Municipal Courts socialservice department from its founding in1931 until her retirement in 1952, as wellas carrying on social work with theUniversity and the County Hospital.At the time of her retirement sheissued a statement saying, "I never losta shred of faith in human nature."Dr. William Lowrie Porterfield, MD '02,a Chicago physician for more than 40years, died on June 21, in Baltimore, Md.Throughout most of his career he was astaff member of St. Bernard Hospital.He was the fourth generation of physicians in his family.Dr. Fred O. Tonney, AB '04, a memberof the Chicago Board of Health for over30 years, died on July 18.He was director of laboratories andresearch for the Chicago Health Department from 1909 to 1931.During the early 1900's Tonney didresearch on the Chicago milk supplywhich led to the passage of a city ordinance requiring the pasteurization ofmilk. In 1939 he was medical officer forthe Federal Trade Commission in Washington.He later was health officer for severalcities and counties, had a private practice, and directed clinics for severalindustrial firms in Ohio.Edward Reed Farriss, LLB '05, of St.Charles, 111., died suddenly on May 18.He was retired from the investment firmof Halsey, Stuart and Co.Dr. James P. McCabe, DB '06 of Martinsville, Va., died last October 15.Chesley J. Posey, SM '06, died March12, at his home in Lawrence, Kans. Hewas 84. He had been a volunteer USresearch weather observer for 37 years,and had been officially retired since1943.Robert Wood Keeton, AB '07, SM '14, a physician in Evanston, 111., died inJanuary.Abraham L. Weber, '07, JD '09, whoretired to California in 1954, died in WestLos Angeles, December 1, 1956. Mr. Weberhad been president of the Webb-LinnPrinting Co., Chicago, a firm he foundedwith a fellow alumnus, Louis Berlin,'09, who continues as president. This isthe company that prints our Magazine.Through the years Mr. Weber was anenthusiastic supporter of Alma Mater.Floyd Smith Hayden, PhB '10, died inJune, in Azusa, Calif.Archie R. Gilpin, SM '12, Detroit insurance representative and for years aneffective member of our Detroit AlumniClub, died on May 15, 1957.Albert L. Green, '13, died in June inChicago. He had been associate generalcounsel of Standard Oil Company of Indiana since 1948.Donald Hopkins Hollingsworth, PhB'13, died on February 22. He leaves hiswife Dorothy Fox Hollingsworth, PhB'13.John B. Perlee, PhB '14, died in California at the age of 64.Most of his business career was infinance and banking. He was vice-president of the Commercial Credit Co.,organizer of a finance company withbranches throughout the Northwest, andsales manager for a Boston bank.Hattie L. Mick Martin, PhB '15, ofChicago, died on August 20.Edith Bell Dickson, PhB '15, AM '16,of Los Angeles, Calif., died in April.Dr. Hugh Macdonald, SB '16, MD '18,who helped develop the whooping coughvaccine, died in Peoria, 111. on Jan. 14.A skin and virus disease specialist, hebegan experiments while an interne inChicago. Working with Dr. L. W. Sauerof Evanston, he helped to perfect thewhooping cough vaccine now in generaluse throughout the world. He used himself and his children to test the vaccine.In 1954, he reported in the IllinoisMedical Journal his conclusion thatdrinking water is the carrier of poliovirus. He also advocated that canceris a "man-made" disease, resulting froma lack of certain meats in the diet.He had practiced in Evanston, 111. from1921 to 1941, and, during World War II,served as lieutenant colonel and commanding officer of the 139th and 32ndevacuation hospitals in Europe. Laura Ida McLaughlin, SM '16, PhD'23, died on February 3 in Toledo, Ohio.Clyde M. Cummins, AM '17, died onMarch 20, in St. Charles, 111. He was retired as a school principal with the Chicago Public School System.Hilda B. Miller, AM '17, of Galion,Ohio, died on May 26.Floyd B. Weakly, LLB '18, of Wilmette,111., died in May. He was a Chicagoattorney.Terry Wise Weissburg, PhB '18, ofChicago, died June 22, 1956.Dr. Viggo W. Jensen, SM '19, MD '19,of New Smyrna Beach, Fla., died onApril 22 of cancer.Kathleen L. Grant Spurgin, PhB '19,died in January.Harry Hance Herron, PhB '21, of Win-netka, 111., died on December 19, 1956 inEvanston Hospital.Paul H. Humphrey, PhB '21, of Detroit,Mich., died in July, 1956.Dr. Frank G. Heiner, '21, an osteopathic physician practicing in Chicago,died on April 21, 1957. His wife, GlennysRivola Heiner, AM '32, is with Scott,Foresman & Co., book publishers.Dr. William C. Doepp, '22, Rush MD'26, died April 29 in his home in BlueIsland, 111. He had practiced medicinein the suburb since 1926.Frank Magilner, PhB '23, died onMarch 6 in Chicago.Louise G. Catlin, PhB '23, of Maywood,111., died in May.Isabelle P. Sloan, PhB '23, of SiouxCity, Iowa, died on May 15.J. Daniel Boone, '25, Episcopal ministerof Ascension Memorial Church, Ipswich,Mass., died July 7, 1957. He knew inNovember that he had cancer of thelungs; announced it to his congregationin June. It shocked the town where hewas highly respected by all. He had agreat respect and love for his AlmaMater.Jessie M. McKay, PhB '25, of Chicago,died on May 30.Walter W. Blentzer, PhB '26, of Chicago, died on Jan. 22.Dr. Ivan C. Berrey, MD '26, of Birmingham, Ala., died April 26.32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDr. Regina Stolz Greenehaum, (Mrs.Henry A.), PhB '26, MD '33, died ofcancer earlier this year in Pittsburgh.She was a specialist in internal medicine,and had been a navy medical officer inWorld War II, an Instructor in theNorthwestern University Medical School,and a member of the faculty of the medical school of the University of Pittsburgh.Robert H. Barber, AM '27, of Wellman,Iowa, died on April 16.Carl N. Halstead, AM '28, of WesleyCollege, Winnipeg, Canada, died onJanuary 1.Estelle T. Ashland, SB '28, of Chicago,died on May IL She was formerly ahigh school teacher at Calumet and Sullivan High Schools in Chicago.Gertrude B. Fennema, PhB \33, AM'45, of Chicago, died in October, 1956.Maxwell Abbell, '31, of Chicago, diedin July.Catharine A. Byrne, PhB '30, of Chicago, died on October 29, 1956, of a heartailment.Jenkin II. Davies, PhD '30, died unexpectedly in his home in Oxford, Ohio,on May 25. He was retired as Professorof Philosophy and Religion and Deanof the Chapel at Western College forWomen in Oxford, but he had continuedto serve his profession after retirement.Earlier, he had served pastorates in several parts of Canada.Dr. Charles H. Harrison, PhD '32, ofNew York City, died on May 14.C. C. Byerly, AM '34, first assistantstate superintendent of public instruction in Illinois, died March 26, afteraddressing a division meeting of theIllinois Association of School Boards inJacksonville. Byerly was superintendentof schools in West Chicago for severalyears before taking the state post in 1943.John Parker Prescott, PhB '35, assistant director for management and disposition of the New York regional officeof the Public Housing Administration,died in July at the age of 53,Prescott was a career man in the fieldof federally aided low-rent housing,A statement issued by the regionaldirector of the PHA at the time ofPrescott's death said that he had ". . .labored ceaselessly in behalf of thehumanitarian objective of the nation'shousing policy to provide decent shelterfor every American family, and attained(Continued on page 38) One oj a series oj Christmasdrawings hy Paul Brazen,famous A merican artist.INDIVIDUAL AND DISTINCTIVE GIFTSFOR MEN, WOMEN AND BOYSthat are exclusive with Brooks BrothersAt no time is our merchandise more appreciated thanat Christmas, when gifts that are unusual and of goodtaste are so important to both giver and recipient.Our Famous Own Make Shirts y jrom $6,50Hand-Loomed Tweed Sport Jackets} jrom $75Our Fxeluskr Imported- Shetland Sweaters, jrom $ 1 6Pewterware and- Glassware y jrom $4.50Our Women's Shirts y jrom $7.50 * Sweaters y jrom $ 1 6Our Clothing and Furnishings jor Boysjrom 4 years upAlso men's English hosey Peal & Co. leather goods yjine robes y English hats and shoes y sport shirts yslippers and- other items.Illustrated Christmas Catalogue Upon Request.ESTABLISHED 1818Mors If urnisliings, fiats %$ hoes346 MADISON AVENUE, COR. 44TM ST., NEW YORK 17, N. Y.1 1 1 BROADWAY, NEW YORK 6, N. Y.BOSTON * CHICAGO • LOS ANGELES • SAN FRANCISCOWWCNEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESContinued from page 19of the center's "aims and intentions,the content of its offerings, the nature of its students, the varieties ofteaching methods practiced." It alsoprovides for an investigation of thequestion of self-support for liberaladult education and ways in whichsuch support can be achieved."An estimated 35 million Americanswill participate in adult educationalactivities this year, demonstratingthe tremendous growth of adult education and the need for additionaldata on which to base our service,"said Dean Maurice F. X. Donohue,of University College.The downtown center developedfrom the University's earliest experiments in evening classes for adults,and was the first in the nation (1898)to hold off- campus evening classesleading toward a college degree.Later, it launched the well-knownprograms in the great books, worldpolitics, and union education. A recent development is the Basic Program of Liberal Education for Adults,which is an intensive four-year program of general education in theancient and modern classics of Western thought.Named To Argonne BoardFour appointments to the newlycreated Policy Advisory Board ofArgonne National Laboratory, A.E.C.nuclear research and developmentcenter, have been announced.H. R. Crane, Professor of Physics,University of Michigan; Robert C.Gunness, vice-president, Standard OilCompany (Indiana) ; George A. Hawkins, Professor of Engineering, Purdue University; and the Very Rev.Theodore M. Hesburgh, President ofNotre Dame University, were named.The Policy Advisory Board willfunction in an advisory capacity tothe University contractor for Argonne on matters of policy regarding the operations. These four appointments, made by ChancellorKimpton, complete the board of nine,the other five members having beenelected by the Council of Participating Institutions, which representsthirty-two educational institutions ofthe Middle West.The five elected members are:President John T. Rettaliata of Il linois Institute of Technology; J. H.Jensen, Provost of Iowa State College; H. L. Friedell, University Hospitals, Cleveland; Mark G. Inghram,Professor of Physics, University ofChicago; Robert S. Shankland, CaseInstitute of Technology; and StephenLawroski and Oliver C. Simpson ofArgonne.Sittler Joins F.T.F.Joseph Sittler, nationally knownpreacher, has been appointed Professor of Systematic Theology in theFederated Theological Faculty.Since 1943 Dr. Sittler has been aProfessor of Systematic Theology atChicago Lutheran Theological Seminary, Maywood, Illinois. He waspastor of the Messiah LutheranChurch, Cleveland Heights, Ohio,from 1930 to 1943.Recently he delivered the RockwellLectures at Rice Institute, and is the1959 lecturer- designate for the Ly-man-Beecher lectures, Yale University.Dr. Sittler has served as delegateto the 1952 conferences of the Lutheran World Federation, Hanover,Germany, the Ecumenical Conferenceon Faith and Order, Lund, Sweden,and the 1954 World Council ofChurches in Evanston, Illinois.A member of the American Theological Society and its president in1951, Dr. Sittler is a member of thestudy department committee of theWorld Council of Churches and waschairman of the Council's NorthAmerican Commission on Worshipin 1955.In addition to numerous scholarlyarticles and contributions to four major books, Dr. Sittler wrote The Doctrine of the Word.Course for GovernmentExecutivesForty -two top government executives from the Chicago area receivedcertificates from the DowntownCenter in the first graduation ceremony of the Program of ExecutiveDevelopment for Federal Personnelin June.The success of the program on aregional level has provided the basisfor a national program, now beingconducted in cooperation with theU. S. Civil Service.The program provides a series ofextensive courses for federal administrators designed to supplement the in-service activities of individualfederal agencies.Among those officials receivingcertificates in June were: Carl A.Schroeder, Postmaster; Arthur E.Allen, Comptroller of the Army'sChicago Ordnance District; Joseph A.Connor, Regional Director, SeventhRegion Civil Service Commission;Joseph Haspray, Director of the Chicago Office, Commodity StabilizationService, Department of Agriculture;Melville H. Hosch, Regional Directorof the Department of Health, Education and Welfare; Murray H. Rimsay,Information Officer, Department ofLabor; and Lester M. Barritt, Assistant Postmaster, U. S. Post Office.Eight Administrative PromotionsEight new administrative appointments have been made at the University.Harold Haydon, Associate Professorof Art, was promoted to Dean of Students in The College, with Shephan B.Wood, Instructor of Social Sciences,named his Associate Dean. JeromeKerwin, Professor of Political Science, was promoted to Dean of Students in the Division of the SocialSciences, with Fred Zimring named hisAssociate Dean. John H. O'Dowd waspromoted to Dean of Students in University College. William E. Scott,the Assistant Dean of Students, wasnamed Director of Scholarships andFinancial Aid. Charles D. O'Connellwas promoted to Director of Admissions, with Agnes W. Bonner namedAssistant Director of Admissions.Dean Scott's new position has justbeen created; it is another step in theestablishment of an office which began a year ago when Mrs. GrahamTaylor was made the University'sfirst Financial Aid Counselor.Name Seven to NewMicrobiology InstituteThe newly-formed American Academy of Microbiology, with headquarters in Urbana, Illinois, has invitedseven University of Chicago scientiststo become charter fellows.Each of the seven is "distinguishedin the field of microbiology and withwide training and experience," according to a statement by G. I. Wallace, executive secretary of theAcademy.The Academy was formed to promote professional standings, activities(Continued on page 37)34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETO MAKE THINGSBETTERFOR AMERICA-Avco Manufacturing Corporation is a builder of quality productsfor the commercial economy and high-performance militarysystems for national defense. Aircraft engines, electronics systems,farm implements, kitchen components and the nose cone for theAir Force Titan intercontinental ballistic missile are beingproduced by Avco today.The foundation for Avco tomorrow is being laid at our Researchand Advanced Development Division, We know that the technology of the future will be built on scientific research being donenow. Amazing new materials and new means for creating usefulpower hold out the promise of great advances in transportation,in agriculture, in consumer products, in nearly every aspect ofour future economy. New scientific knowledge and its imaginativeapplication can turn these promises Into reality. Work at theResearch and Advanced Development Division has already shownwhat rapid strides can be taken in a short time.The division is composed of outstanding scientists and engineerswho work in an environment that fosters creative investigation.It is the "breakthrough" division of a progressive manufacturingorganization. Avco management recognizes the role of thescientist in modern technology. Avco's determination to makethings better for America places the resources of a large, diversified, aggressive company firmly behind the Research andAdvanced Development Division.* Raymond A. RichPresident, Avco Manufacturing CorporationResearch and Advanced Development ^Raymond A. Rich, President, Avco Manufacturing Corp.Pictured above is our new Research and Development Center now underconstruction in Wilmington, Massachusetts. Scheduled for completion inearly 1958, thia ultramodern laboratory will house the scientific and technical staff of the Avco Research and Advanced Development Division.Avco's new research division now offers unusual and excitingcareer opportunities for exceptionally qualified and forward-looking scientists and engineers in such fields as:Science:Aerodynamics * Electronics * Mathematics * MetallurgyPhysical Chemistry ? Physics • ThermodynamicsEngineering:Aeronautical • Applied Mechanics • Chemical * ElectricalHeat Transfer * Mechanical • Reliability * Flight TestWrite to Dr. R. W. Johnston, Scientific and Technical Relations ,Avco Research and Advanced Development Division,20 South Union Street, Lawrence, Massachusetts,CHICAGOWEDGWOODDINNER PLATES1•vl %* ;«t:^ Four plates to each set witliFour different campus scenes1 ROCKEFELLER CHAPEL2 MITCHELL TOWER3 HULL COURT GATE4 HARPER LIBRARY^f-w.4.Aai%^Ideal Christmas gifts. Break up a set and makefour gifts if you wishThe Alumni Association5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEnclosed find $. . . . for which please send me thefollowing Wedgwood Ware: (immediate delivery) : set(s) of Chicago dinner plates at $12(Not sold singly)NAME.........ADDRESS.. THE PLATESTen-inch Traditional QueensWare in Williamsburg sepia andDysert glaze. Borders arefrom Gothic design on Ryerson.Delivered to your door12 p©r setNEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESContinued from page 34and programs of recognition in microbiology. Research in this field has ledto the development of vaccines, antitoxins and antibiotic drugs.The invited seven are:William H. Taliaferro, Eliakim H.Moore Distinguished Service Professor and Chairman of the Departmentof Microbiology since 1932, formerDean of the Division of BiologicalSciences; William Burrows, PhD '32,Professor and Secretary of the Microbiology Department; Dr. Gail M.Dack, PhD '27, MD '33, Professor ofMicrobiology and Director of theFood Research. Institute; Stewart A.Koser, Professor of Microbiology,Zoller, Memorial Dental Clinic; Dr.C. Phillip Miller, '18, Professor ofMedicine; James W. Moulder, '41,PhD '44, Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Microbiology; andAaron Novick, '40, PhD '43, AssociateProfessor of Microbiology in the Institute for Biophysics Research.Dr. Dieckmann DiesDr. William J. Dieckmann, '59, MaryCampau Ryerson Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Lying-inHospital, died August 15, at his homein Chicago.Dr. Dieckmann was an authority oneclampsia and the toxemias of pregnancy, two diseases that have beenamong the leading causes of maternaldeaths. His research had establishedan understanding of the mechanism,though not the basic cause, of theseconditions which permitted development of procedures which preventedtheir occurrence in good obstetricalpractice.He was engaged in investigationdirected toward establishing the causeof the diseases at the time of hisdeath. Recently he had completedthe third revision of his book, TheToxemias of Pregnancy, a standardmedical text.From October, 1942, until January31, 1954, he was Chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Medical School and Chiefof Staff of Lying-in Hospital. Following his resignation from these positions he continued his research andclinical activities.Born in Belleville, Illinois, October20, 1897, he took the SB and MD degrees from Washington University,St. Louis, and then was on the staffof its Medical School until his appointment in 1931 as Associate Professor at the University.Social Science FellowshipsFive fellowships for research in lawand the behavioral sciences at theUniversity have been awarded.The fellowships, for the academicyear 1957-58, were awarded to W.Howard Mann, Associate Professor,Indiana University School of Law,Bloomington, Indiana; Erwin O.Smigel, Associate Professor of Sociology, School of General Studies ofColumbia University, New York;Reginald A. H. Robson, AssistantProfessor, University of NebraskaCollege of Law, Lincoln, Nebraska;and Joseph Lazar, Assistant Professorof Business Law and Labor Relationsat the U. S. Air Force Institute ofTechnology, Wright-Patterson AirForce Base, Ohio.The fellowships, made possible bya grant from the Ford Foundation,are designed to enable scholars fromother institutions to acquaint themselves with the program of researchin law and the behavioral scienceswhich is in progress at the LawSchool, as well as assist them indeveloping their own research interests in the area.Stipend of a fellowship corresponds to the salary which the holderwould have received at his homeinstitution during the year of residence, and in addition covers traveling expenses to Chicago and return.Additional fellowships will beawarded for 1958-59.Theory on Sun SignalsShock waves formed by spiralingelectrons shot from huge sun spotshave been advanced as the source ofradio signals from the sun.A University of Chicago womanphysicist's new theory is that thesignals result from the same actionPENDERCatch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sump-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUEFAirfax 4-0550PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICE that causes the glow seen in the wateraround submerged uranium rodsfreshly removed from atomic reactors.This explanation was presented byLeona Marshall, Assistant Professorof Physics at the Enrico Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies, to a sessionof the American Physical Society'smeeting in New York City.Mrs. Marshall attributes the signalspartly to the Cerenkov effect, in whichatomic particles move through a medium at a speed faster than light andleave behind shock waves. In waterthis produces a green glow, called"Cerenkov light"; in the sun's atmosphere radio waves result, Mrs. Marshall says.Sun signals have a unique feature —their appearance in harmonic frequencies. Mrs. Marshall credits thiseffect to a second mechanism, thewhirling synchrotron-like motion ofthe electrons as they shoot out fromthe sun spots.In the comparatively cooler regionsof large sun spots, where temperatures range from 6,000 to 50,000 degrees Centigrade (compared with the1 million degrees at the corona) thereare large magnetic fields that archinto space from the sun's surface. Atthese temperatures hydrogen gas, ofwhich the sun is composed, is nearlycompletely ionized. This means thatin the gas atoms each electron pullsaway from its orbit around a protonand both particles of lie hydrogenatom set up independent orbits. Physicists call ionized low density gases"plasma."As bursts of free electrons shootout from the spots on the sun's surface they rotate rapidly around thearching magnetic lines of force, asthey would in a synchrotron orbetatron.Moving through the plasma theelectrons' charges react with thecharges of the fiery gas particles. Butthe electrons, moving faster than thespeed of light, can travel faster thantheir fields of influence. This produces a lagging shock wave, like aship's wake, that excites the gas particles into producing electro -magneticwaves.The radio signals that reach earthcome from only those electrons thatpoint this way as they shoot out ofthe sun spots. As the electrons archhigher into the magnetic field, they(Continued on page 39)NOVEMBER, 1957 37MEMORIALContinued from page 33eminence and distinction for his effortsin advancing the social objectives ofpublic housing . . ."Early in his career Prescott was arenting agent for the Michigan BoulevardGarden apartments in Chicago, pioneering effort on behalf of housing fornegroes.In 1936, he was a management supervisor when the Public Works Administration undertook a number of slumclearance projects. Later he was management supervisor for the FPHA in chargeof the area from Chicago to the westcoast. In 1947 he became western areadirector.John F. DilleJohn F, Dille, ?09, former chairman ofthe Alumni Foundation Board, and founder and president of the National Newspaper Syndicate, Chicago, died, September 10. (See Memo Pad, Page 1).Robert E, Curley, '26, a publicity manand a former University of Chicago football star, died at the age of 57 in St.Francis Hospital, Evanston, September 19.As a 5-foot, 6-inch, 138-pound quarterback, Curley sparked the last Maroonteam to win a Big Ten football championship for Coach Amos Alonzo Staff. Thiswas 33 years ago. He was quarterbackfor the Maroons in 1923, 1924, and 1925.Son of the late William A. Curley,editor of the Chicago American from1914 until 1927, Curley is survived bythe widow, the former Charlotte McCor-mick; four children, Robert Jr., 22; Carol18; Charlotte, 14, and Nancy, 13, and twosisters, Mrs. Fred Teick of Lake Geneva,who was a student at the University in1922, and Ethel of Chicago. Lucy Schulcr Wilson, (Mrs. William T.),'37, died April 5, at her home in Kokomo, Ind.Stephen Alfred Forbes, MD '37, diedon March 16 in Chicago. He was formerlywith the Department of Radiology.Harold Rosenbloom, '39, director ofresearch at Thompson and Co., Oakmont,Pa., died April 19, at Monteifiore Hospital in Pittsburgh, He worked for theCalgon Co. as a research chemist from1939 until 1947.Dr. I, Malcolm Gibson, MD '41, ofValdosta, Ga., died March 31.Harvey D. Vernon, SB '41, SM '43, diedlast June.Mrs. Mignon Ben-Amy Diamondstone,'45, of Vallejo, Calif., died April 22 inNew- York, following an operation.Violet Lang Phillips, (Mrs. BradleyS.), AB '48, of Boston, Mass., died lastJuly 29.Edward Benjamin Williams, MBA 49.died on March 3.Donald P. Meyer, AM '51, died lastJune 3.Harvey Fuerstein, AB '52, died in Chicago.*&ette>i&TO THE EDITORAs a long-time alumna I have beenconsistently proud of the University.. . . Its contributions to scholarship, itsinnovations in teaching, its unfailingdefense of academic freedom . . . haveincreased my belief and pride in it.For some time I have been concerned with the fact that, we have nowomen trustees ... A substantialnumber of women attend the University in the undergraduate and graduate schools.It seems to me that the Board ofTrustees should include women, notonly because they might have betterunderstanding of the problems ofwomen students, but because this isthe middle of the Twentieth Centuryand women have proved to be a valuable force in every facet of life . . .I believe women of the calibre ofthe University Trustees could addimmeasurably to the strength of theBoard.Helene Pollak Cans, '14New York City BEST BOILER REPAIR&WELDINGCO.24 HOUR SERVICELicensed * Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-7917140408 S. Western Ave., ChicagoWasson- PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phone: Butterfield 8-2116-7-8-9Wasson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wasson DoesSince J 878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholsfering * RefinishingAntiques Restored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. LI 9-7180LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: HYde Park 3-9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERBOYDSTON AMBULANCE SERVICEAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of Chicagophone NOrmal 7-2468NEW ADDRESS-I708 £. 71ST ST.RICHARD H. WEST CO,COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMOnroe 6-319238 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEA- w i P r II tl 1Ridiculous, you say.Delay can't kill anyone.It isn't a disease.Yet last year, of the 250,-000 Americans who werecancer's victims, 75,000died needlessly. 75,000 ! . . .the populations of citieslike Charleston, SantaMonica, or Racine. Theymight have been saved . . .but they put off seeingtheir doctors until it wastoo late. Their story is toldin our dramatic film "TheOther City" ... a filmwhich can save thousandsof lives. Perhaps your own.It teaches you the sevendanger signals by whichearly cancer often revealsitself, and emphasizes yourneed for an annual healthcheckup as your best insurance against cancer."The Other City" is avail™able, without charge, forshowing at your church,your club, your communitycenter, plant or office.To arrange to see this andother life-saving films,made possible by your contributions, call the Unit ofthe American Cancer Society in your community orwrite to "Cancer" in careof your local post office.AMERICANCANCERSOCIETYNOVEMBER,. 1957 NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESContinued from page 38level ofT and dive into the sun,Mrs. Marshall's data came from observations made in 1952 by the RadioPhysics Division of CSIRO at Sydney,Australia.Huge parabolic reflectors there received radar-like high frequency signals that ranged from 20 to 200,000megacycles. The highest frequencies,according to Mrs. Marshall's theory,are produced closest to the surface ofthe sun where the magnetic lines andplasma densities are the strongest. Asthe electrons move out into spacealong weakening magnetic lines, theyproduce lower frequencies.During the Australian observations,the sun's radio signals were receivedin harmonics. Scientists found, as thePARKER-HOLSMANReal Estate and Insurance1461 East 57th Street Hyde Park 3-2525 signals swept through a large span offrequencies, that at one time a basicfrequency and a double, such as 100and 200 megacycles, were broadcast.Mrs. Marshall explains this as a feature of the synchrotron effect causedby the spinning electrons. She predicted that a third harmonic, muchweaker than the second, would probably be detected with more powerfulradio telescopes now being planned.Sun signals of lower frequencies,always associated with high sun spotactivity, have been known to penetrate the earth's atmosphere and causeradio reception interference or blackouts.Wins Sergei Drama PrizeWinner of the 1957 Charles R.Sergei $1,000 drama prize is WilliamJ, Small, Brockton, Mass, He wasawarded the prize for his play, APebble from Munich.Small, Harvard '26, is the ownerof a Boston advertising agency. APebble from. Munich is his firstcreative work to receive recognition.The prize is awarded biennially bythe University for original unpublished and unproduced plays.' .•: •. ' "*l Jt/^ >vVt ^Wi> ^V^^&jT -*THE QUIET ENGLISHMANThere is one time when an Englishman is quiet : when he's reading The Economist.But The Economist is the magazine for wide-awake men, the world over. News you get, . . and views . . . and forecasts . . . and more. The fact is, you can't buy any othermagazine, anywhere on earth, with greater status than The Economist. No othermagazine gives you the facts more crisply, more objectively, more accurately . . . weekin, week out. Of special interest is The Economist's famous American Survey —a stimulating, informative guide to U.S. events and personalities.The Economist —traditionally the world's most quoted magazineSPECIAL OFFER to introduce The Economist to youIf you are a nero subscriber we will send you copies by air direct from London every week for 13 weeksfor the cost of normal boar mail delivery. Simply send off the coupon toTHE ECONOMIST cfo British Publications Inc., 30 Has: 60th Street, New York 22Please send me by AIR direct from London the next 13 issues of 'The Economist at the~special$3,7$ rate JMy check is enclosed. ( Payable to The Economist^ please}.NAME (block letters please)..ADDRESS., ..C.I.CITY,..,. *Regular annual air rate : $25.3&CLASS NEWSContinued from page 31Arthur T. Macklin, MBA '56, supervisor of the error control department ofCarson Pirie Scott and Co., is a memberof "Great Decisions . . . 1957," a nonpartisan, non-profit committee organizing community-wide discussion groupson U. S. foreign policy, and sponsoredby the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations and the Chicago Junior Chamberof Commerce, of which Macklin is amember.Jeanne Woolf, AM '56, has been appointed a University Counselor at theUniversity of Pittsburgh CounselingCenter. Still completing work on herPhD degree at Chicago, Mrs. Woolf hasbeen on the staff of the University'sCounseling Center. She is the co-authorof two books: Student Personnel Programs and Remedial Reading: Teaching and Treatment. Dr. Murray Stuart Berger, MD '57, andMarianne Radley, of Chicago, were married recently in Thorndike Hilton Chapelat the University. He will intern at theLos Angeles V.A. Hospital.John M. Snyder, AB '56, was commissioned an ensign in the U.S. Navy inJune, upon completing 16 weeks of pre-flight training at Pensacola, Fla.Dr. Arnold K. Brenman, MD '55, acaptain in the U. S. Army, has beenassigned as pediatrician at RodriguezArmy Hospital, Fort Brooke, P. R. Brenman was serving his internship at Temple University Hospital in Philadelphiabefore entering the Army in July 1956.He was last assigned at Valley ForgeArmy Hospital, Phoenixville, Pa.Robert Smith, S. J., AM '56, is teaching Latin and English at the BrophyCollege Preparatory Jesuit High School inPhoenix, Ariz. Scheduled to teach in the "land of winter sun for three years,"Smith hopes to study theology and ultimately enter the priesthood.Kinnaird PromotedRichard F. Kinnaird SM '36, of Ridge-field, Conn., has been appointed chiefengineer of optical research and development for the engineering and opticaldivision of the Perkin-Elmer Corp. Inthis position, he will be responsible forthe research and development of newmethods and means for solving opticalproblems, including the development ofphotographic lenses, special optical devices and military optical systems.Kinnaird joined Perkin-Elmer in 1940.He has been involved in a great many ofthe company's projects, both commercialand military, from a standpoint of opticaland mechanical design. He is a memberof the American Physical Society andthe American Astronomical Society.'^mm REGIONALOFFICESThe University of Chicago Alumni AssociationEAST COASTClarence A. Peters, DirectorRoom 22, 31 East 39th StreetNew York 17, New YorkTelephone, MUrrayhill 3-1518WEST COASTWilliam H. Swanberg, DirectorRoom 322, 717 Market StreetSan Francisco 3, CaliforniaTelephone, EXbrook 2-0925LOS ANGELESMrs. Marie StephensI 195 Charles StreetPasadena 3, IllinoisTelephone, SYcamore 3-4545These offices Qre maintained for the convenience of Chicagoalumni in these areas. Please feel free to call on their services.They help to produce your local Chicago programs; work withalumni committees for student recruitment and with fund committees for the annual Alumni Gift to the University.40 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINENature was working for you ... a billion years agoAge-old natural gas supplies the raw materialsfor everything from new textile fibers to wonder drugsCenturies before the time of man,great masses of plant and animal lifewere buried under layers of earth, rock,and water. Gradually, natural chemicalreactions changed that buried matterinto gas and oil.The great importance of natural gasbegan when scientists learned to separate and use its parts. For example, outof Union Carbide's pioneering researchin petro-chemistry came "Prestone" all-winter anti-freeze, which took the worryout of cold weather driving. Life-saving antibiotics and exciting new textiles are also yours becauseof petro-chemicals. Then there are today's plastics . . . such as soft, pliablepolyethylene film used as a protectivewrapping for everything from food toclothing . . . and vinyl plastics that bringyou tough, wear-resistant floor tiles andunbreakable phonograph records.Wherever you turn today, you'llfind something that's been made betterby the magic touch of chemicals fromthe people of Union Carbide. STUDENTS AND STUDENT ADVISERS: Learn more about career opportunities with UnionCarbide in ALLOYS, CARBONS,Chemicals, Gases, and Plastics. Write for the 1957 editionof "Products and Processes''booklet J-2. Union Carbide Corporation, 30 East 42nd St., NewYork 17, N. Y In Canada, UnionCarbide Canada Ltd., Toronto.Synthetic Orcanic ChemicalsCrag Agricultural Chemicals PREST-0-LlTE AcetyleneBakelite, Vinylite, and Krene Plastics Pyrofax Gas UCC's Trade-marked Products include —LlNDE Oxygen Prestone Anti-Freeze HAYNES Stellite Alloys Dynel Textile FibersEVEREADY Flashlights and Batteries Electromet Alloys and MetalsNational Carbons Union Calcium Carbide Union Carbide Silicones,'^V";£*V -^?Pfe.,";•¦? -&.:<g'$ :'££.-; fe0i*&$$f: •'¦" :-Jack Langan discusses additions toInter-County's pension planJack Langan joined the Byrnes Agency of NewEngland Life in 1952, the year after he graduated fromFordham. Since then he's heen able to help more thantwenty-five companies install pension plans. None ofthese plans has given him more personal satisfactionthan the one lie sold to the Inter-County TitleGuaranty & Mortgage Company.Inter-County is a large organization with officesthroughout the nation and Jack worked hard to tailorthe plan exactly to their specific requirements. President Thomas IL Quinn (seated at desk in pictureabove) has heen most appreciative. And he is enthusiastic not only about the plan itself, hut aboutthe professional assistance Jack continues to offer inservicing it.Jack enjoys meeting and working with distinguishedmen like Mr. Quinn. Furthermore, these top executives recognize the value of the services he brings tothem and their organizations. That's one important reason for the continuing satisfaction Jack has foundin his career with New England Life.There's room in the New England Life picture forother ambitious college men who meet our requirements. You get income while you're learning. Youcan work anywhere in the U. S. A. Your future is fullof substantial rewards.You can get more information about this career op-port unity by writing Vice President L. M. Huppeler,501 Boylslon Street, Boston 17, Massachusetts.A BETTER LIFE FOR YOUNEW ENGLANDC^fe/LIFE BOSTON. MASSACHUSETTSTHE COMPANY THAT FOUNDED MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE IN AMtRiCA — 1S3SThese Chicago University men are New England Life representatives:Harry Benner, '12, ChicagoGeorge Marselos, '34, Chicago Paul C Lippold, '38, ChicagoRobert P. Saalbach, '39, OmahaJames M. Banghart. '41, Adv. Mgr.. St. Paul John R. Downs, C.L.U., 46, ChicagoHerbert W. Siegal, '46, San AntonioAsk one of these competent men to tell you about the advantages of insuring in the New England Life