X\KjneaqoMAGAZINE t) , ; DECEMBER 1955New Association Presidentv^hester w. laing, president of John Nuveen & Co. (municipal bonds) is the new president of the Alumni Association.On the Midway Chester was a Blackfriar (Abbot in hissenior year with "Whoa, Henry"); in the administrative endof Interscholastic basket ball, a member of Owl & Serpent,and of Psi Upsilon fraternity.He has been active in alumni work since graduation. Formany years he was a member of the Foundation Board — chairman for two years, and a member of the Cabinet. He wasawarded an Alumni Citation for good citizenship in 1955.Chester is a trustee of the Fourth Presbyterian Church andassistant treasurer; and a member of the board of directorsof the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations.Chester has good precedent for accepting this position.John Nuveen, '18, chairman of the board and Trustee of theUniversity, was president of the Association before him.J. he cabinet, ruling body of the Alumni Association, hasrepresentatives from 11 University divisions. Each division has two members, plus an additional representative forevery 500 dues-paying members from its department above1,000. CHESTER W. LAINGTHE CABINETChester W. Laing, PresidentCatherine G. Rawson, Vice PresidentHoward W. Mort, Secretary-TreasurerThe CollegeArthur A. BaerEleanor Melander ClarkGeorge T. DrakeEthel KawinKenneth A. RouseFlorence Cook SlaytonHowell W. MurrayHarold J. GordonHoward E. GreenMargaret Fisher JohnsonNorman Barker, Jr.Martha Barker DefebaughWilliam N. HawleySidney E. MeadFrom the Ph.D.'sD. Jerome FisherLeverett S. LyonEducationRobert C. WoellnerHarold A. AndersonThe School of BusinessRay E. BrownEdward J. ChalifouxSocial Service AdministrationBernice Klein SimonRussell W. Ballard The Library SchoolStanley E. GwynnLeon CarnovskyThe Law SchoolKeith I. ParsonsJohn M. ClarkNursing EducationFrances PowellFrances C. ThielbarDept. of Home EconomicsLillian NashMrs. Evalyn BrinkmanThe School of MedicineDr. Lester R. DragstedtDr. Clayton G. LoosliUniversity RepresentativeWilliam V. MorgensternThe Alumni FoundationJohn J. McDonoughSuburban ActivitiesBeIefore the Kenilworth Club fireplaceand 125 North Shore alumni on November 9th, John P. Netherton, Dean ofStudents in the College, and Edward W.Rosenheim, Jr., head of the Radio Office,told the story about the new College andthe University's radio and TV plans. Itwas like sitting in your living room with 125 guests (if you had such a livingroom) and visiting with guests from theMidway. Robert Kincheloe, '43, presided.The following evening, Carl Kraeling,Director of the Oriental Institute, showedhis color film, "Where Rolls the Jordan"and told about the Dead Sea Scrolls to150 alumni in the auditorium of theHighland Park Women's Club. A socialhour with coffee in the lounge completed the evening.In Downers Grove, alumni activityis sparked by Florence (Cook) Slayton'25. She's at work almost full time forthe Campaign, but still managed to initiate plans for a late January alumni meeting in Downers Grove. Also planningmeetings after the holidays are Oak Park-River Forest, Park Forest and LaGrange.Howard and Virginia (Both) Kamin, both'42, Frank Carr '34 and Virginia (Eyssell)Carr '35, Lafayette Marsh '28, and StevePlasman, MBA '43, are the enthusiasts inLaGrange.The monthly Loop luncheon series hasbeen very successful. Out-of-townersare urged to plan Chicago jaunts to include future luncheons. Marshall Jox,JD '41, and four friends came in fromValparaiso, Indiana, for the sell-out November luncheon. The campus programs,too, have been bringing alumni back fromnearby towns: Elizabeth Carus, '19, fromLaSalle, Illinois, to the lecture by Professor Braidwood at the Oriental Institute, Louise Sholes Schaefer '12, AM '38,to the lecture and to the Pan AmericanProgram at International House, whichalso brought Harry Brandman '25, MD '30in from Gary. We urge you to notify theoffice if you plan to attend these programs as there are last minute changesof schedule.MemojmSurprise is rightAt alumni house we are conditioned toJ\_ anonymous notes. Usually the writer begrudges the three cents for a secretgripe. He waits for one of our mailingswhich contains a postage guaranteed return envelope.We are philosophical about the fourcents we pay for these weird explosions.We like to think that the tension reliefmay have saved a thirty-dollar trip toa psychiatrist.But on October 25th we were a bitshaken. We opened one of our postageguaranteed envelopes to find a small slipon which was printed the lone word,"surprise." Our surprise: the joker hadpaid the postage.Our associate editorfourPALMER (SPIKE) PINNEY, '54, isstar edition on the Midway.1. In the Department of the Humanities he is studying for his master's withthe Committee on the Analysis of Ideasand Study of Methods under philosopherMcKeon.2. He is co-editor of the Chicago Maroon, campus newspaper published twicea week.Ye (Associate) Editor to r.) LewellynRobertaMembers of Esoteric Club at Preferential dinner on Nov. 5Smiskol, Joette Knapik, Leah Quick, Laura Aho, Patricia Dick, Elin BallantyneMartha Campbell, Katherine Potter, Irene Samorajski, Mary Jeanne SlabodnikDorothea Cayton, Nancy Walker, Maria Lindquist.3. He is center half on the varsitysoccer team.4. And associate editor of our magazine- — half time.Spike entered the College from Mont-clair, New Jersey on a Ford Scholarshipafter two years in high school. In activities he worked up from reporter tosports editor last year on the Maroonwhile running the half mile and mile onthe track team.Future plans include a Ph.D. and either teaching or writing, with a possiblearmy interlude.Want friends' addresses?Dear Howard:Was reading Class News and foundmyself wanting to drop cards to severalpeople I knew at the University. Wouldit be in order to print mailing addresseswhen you know them? I realize thatone could ask for them but people arebusy and not likely to do this. It mightbe the basis . . . for old friends to gettogether by correspondence. . .Bud Beyer, '39Bud: Before I use the legitimate alibi:space limitations, let's see if others write,in support of your suggestion. Meanwhile, a postal to us will bring addressesby return mail.So this is retirementT"|r. george d. fuller (Emeritus, Bot-*^ any) is 86. When we'd meet him oncampus — "walking" his grandson — orwhen he'd drop in to report a recentaccomplishment of a former student, healways seemed to have just returnedfrom Springfield. For 18 retired years Dr. Fuller hasbeen commuting to the state capital every month. As curator of botany at theState Museum he has been building aherbarium of Illinois plants.But now Dr. Fuller has worked himself out of another job with the publishing of Vascular Plants of Illinois.It is a ten-dollar handbook givingthe essential data on 2,450 native specieswith 1,375 outline maps to show geographical distribution.From here on the Illinois Central willback into Springfield without Fuller—who will be in his Botany Building officedigging up new interests he's alwayswanted to tackle when time permitted.Esoteric returns to campusEsoteric, one of the first two women'sclubs founded — in 1894 — (the other:Mortar Board), is active again. Esotericwent off campus in 1947;Four students were initiated in June,1955, at the traditional supper on thenight of Interfraternity Sing. In November, nine additional women werepledged.Credit for the re-activation goes threeways. Almost simultaneously but independently a group of five students, theDean of Students' office, and a nucleus ofalumnae members put lights in the window. Soon the beams crossed andcombined.Alumnae who allotted productive timeto the project: Carrol Mason Russell,'19; Ruth Allen Dickinson, '15, AM '48;Janet Wagner Drake, '43, AM '46; MaryHammel Davis, '41; Janet Cameron Solomon, '40; and Florence MacNeal Noonan,'20.H.WM.DECEMBER, 1955 1Your invitation to theseSPECIAL EVENTSLOOP LUNCHEONSGeorgian RoomCarson Pirie Scott12:15 P.M.$2.00CAMPUS EVENTS Thursday, December 8corn and commissars — a report on the American agricultural experts' tour of Russia. Personal impressions byD. Gale Johnson, Professor of Economics and a memberof the party.Wednesday, January 4PROTESTANTISM ABSENT AT THE CENTERS OF DECISION INmodern life. Jerald C. Brauer, newly appointed Dean ofthe Federated Theological Faculties, will discuss his concernat the gulf between personal piety and man's total social andcultural life . . . and his plans for the Divinity School tobridge this gulf.Sunday, December 11 — 3 :00 P.M. Rockefeller Chapelthe Messiah. The University of Chicago Choir will sing aBaroque performance; Handel's original accompaniment willbe played by members of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.Tickets — $2.00. Seats are not reserved; sell-out crowd expected.Tuesday, January 24 — 8:00 P.M. Goodspeed Hallrenaissance society Open House. Alumni and friends areinvited to tour the gallery, meet members of the Art Department and the Society, and to learn of the interest in the artson the campus. Refreshments. No charge.Saturday, January 28 Field Housesports festival. Beginning with a track meet at 1:30, afencing match at 2:00, highlighted by a basketball game,Chicago vs. Alumni at 3:30, and ending with an evening ofgymnastics. Alumni still long on breath and accurate of shotare needed for the team; no tryouts for the cheering section.Dinner at the Quadrangle Club, $3. (Please make reservations).Monday, January 30 — 8:00 P.M. Mandel HallWOODROW WILSON CENTENNIAL LECTURES ON INTERNATIONALaffairs. January 30-February 2. Raymond B. Fosdick, anassociate of Wilson at Princeton and at the Versailles Conference, former President of the Rockefeller Foundation, willgive the first lecture — "Personal Reminiscences of Wilson."No charge.TELEPHONE Betsey Shaw, Program Director, Midway 3-0800,Ext. 3241.j— — - — | Miss Betsey Shaw, Alumni Association 1 plan to attend the following events j! 5733 University Ave., Chicago 37 Renaissance Society Open House !! 1 wish to orderi Sports Festival !I ticket(s) @ $2 for the Messiah Woodrow Wilson Lectures 1j ticket(s) @ $2 for the luncheon Dec. 8 K|*m<=* ¦| -ticket(s) @ $2 for the luncheon Jan. 4| ticket(s) @ $3 for the dinner Jan. 28 Address !j 1 enclose my check in the amount of $ . Phone - -. !¦To avoid disappointment, if you wish to attend any of these events — even those at which there is no charge — pleasereturn the reservation blank so that you may be notified of last minute changes.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEjtiTftis \issueKermit eby, author of "Campus of theConcerned" (Page 5), is a staunchdefender of labor. One story about thisconcern of his tells of Eby and somefellow ministers. At a midwest ministers' convention he was to address, hefound a picket line surrounding the convention hotel. Refusing to cross the line,Eby forced the ministers to go to anotherhotel to hear him, and .caused the entireconvention to move quarters. His concern on Page 5 is student religion.Her first step" (Page 10), introduces a new photographer tomagazine pages. Archie Lieberman ofBlack Star Agency has worked forlife, look and other national publications. His pictures of Betsy Patullo(Pages 13-15) , daughter of alumnus E. L."Pat" Patullo, tell a story familiar to allparents: the apprehension and acceptance of a child's first day at school.When professor of Economics D.Gale Johnson toured Russian farmsthis summer, he took his camera withhim. Amateur photographer and professional agricultural economist Johnsonproduced candid photographs almost asexpert as his appraisal of Soviet agriculture, "Corn and Commissars" (Page 16) .One of the most delightful works ina rapidly growing tradition— fundcampaign speeches — was delivered byTrustee Philip Graham, publisher of theWashington Post and Times-Herald (seeCampaign News, Page 25), last month.Trustee Graham makes a strong casefor literacy, among other things.University students who do their navigating by Compass ("ImprovisedTheater in Hyde Park," page 9), weretemporarily confused in November whenthe theater-bar moved from the old Hi-Hat on 55th Street to the former Deck,on Lake Park Avenue. Straightened outnow, they enjoy scenarios, skits, andaudience participation numbers in thenew location.In "the handsome mausoleum" DeanRobert M. Strozier writes about IdaNoyes Hall, (Page 29). A shift instudent activities there and the establishment of a restaurant in the CloisterClub are designed to relieve overcrowding in the Reynolds Club. A C-Dance,entitled "See All of Ida" celebrated theshift. When the women's dormitoriesproposed in the $32.7 million fund campaign are built close to the Hall, IdaNoyes will probably take on more importance in student life. S^^^f "^ UNIVERSITY{Mcaao DECEMBER, 1955MAGAZINE IT Volume 48, Number 3FEATURES5 . Campus of the Concerned Kermit Eby, June Greenlief9 Improvised Theater in Hyde Park10 Her First Step — An Article Frances Prindle, Lorraine Wallach13 Her First Step — A Picture Story16 Corn and Commissars D. Sale Johnson19 These Are The Russians — A Picture Story22 News of the Quadrangles25 Fund Hits $7 Million29 The Handsome Mausoleum Robert M. StrozierDEPARTMENTSI3303140COVER Memo PadIn This IssueLettersClass NewsMemorialsExploring the world away from home is an important part in thedevelopment of a young child. Danny Meltzer, 4, (left), and Christopher Botermans, 3, try out the top rungs of the jungle gym,while Betsy Patullo, 3, reflects for a moment. (See "Her FirstStep," Page 10. Photo by Archie Lieberman, Black Star).THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEditorFELICjA ANTHENELLI Associate EditorPALMER W. PINNEYTHE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONExecutive Secretary-EditorHOWARD W. MORTAdministrative AssistantRUTH G. HALLORANProgrammingELIZABETH A. SHAW The Alumni FundWILLIAM H. SWANBERGORLANDO R. DAVIDSONStudent RecruitmentDONALD C MOYERPublfshed monthly, October through June, by The University of Chicago Alumni Association,5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois. Annual subscription price, $4.00. Single copies,25 cents. Entered as second class matter December I, 1934, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois,under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising agent: The American Afumni Council, B. A, Ross,director, 22 Washington Square, New York, N. Y.DECEMBER, 1955 3t! i l91 Hi*'*The Questioning Atheist 1^ More ConcernedWith God Than the "Religious" Person Who PaysLip-service to a "Nameless, Faceless" FaithCampus of the Concernedby Kermit Eby and June Greenlief44 AS PAUL TILLICH puts it, we¦£*- have never really faced whatit means to say God is Love — Love isGod." In this way, John B. Thompson,Dean of Rockefeller Memorial Chapelat the University of Chicago, spellsout the deeper definition of Christianconcern.It is well to remember such a definition in a time when the effectiveness of a church is increasinglyjudged by the statistics of its membership rolls, and in a time when akind of nameless, faceless, official national religion filters down fromWashington so that "God may beseen not as the judge but as the toolof our national purposes." Commenting on this bloated sense of nationalpiety, William Lee Miller in an, article published in the August 17,1954 issue of The Reporter Magazinesays:The Chancel of Rockefeller Chapel,candle-lit for the annual EpiphanyService on January 6. The figuresof the three Magi stand before thealtar; celebrants and choristers areon either side of presbytery and choir. "Officialdom prefers religion whichis useful for national purposes, butundemanding and uncomplicated initself. It also wants religion which isnegotiable in the widest possible public. Therefore the official faith iseasily impressed with the spread ofany simple external sign of religion,however empty of content."Miller quotes The Episcopal ChurchNews:"Remember the float representingreligion in President Eisenhower'sinaugural parade? Standing for allreligions, it had the symbols of none,and it looked like nothing whatsoever in Heaven above, or in the earthbeneath, except possibly an oversizedmodel of a deformed molar left overfrom some dental exhibit."This "oversized model" of somevague idea of religiousity seems toimpress many Americans as the realthing; the idea of "a nation underGod'- (and no one presumes to saywhat God) has become one of thenewest fads. It is an unfortunatefact, known by most sensible people,that the proliferation of churches,synagogues, mosques, and cathedralsdoes not necessarily connect with anyreal concern among people. Such a sudden propagation of a national religion, such protestations of our reverence for the trappings of piety andso little regard for the reality, canonly be described as the epitome ofthe ersatz.In the light of this new, and I suspect, hardly sincere fad, I should liketo examine the University of Chicagoand the concept of religion on thiscampus, a campus which has beencalled "atheistic," "radical," "irreligious" from time to time. by goodlynumbers of solid and secure people.One very real reason why these epithets have been applied to the University of Chicago stems from thatnormal distrust of many solid peopleof the term intellectual. That oldtradition of Christianity — that revoltagainst the learned, the logic-choppers, the scribal formalists — can beseen even now in our almost unconscious notion that only the simplecan enter the Kingdom of Heaven.The University of Chicago has areputation for intellectualism per se,so the argument runs; ergo, the University of Chicago, since it is intellectual, must also be godless.Now the reality of the matter isthat there is no reason why intelli-DECEMBER, 1955 5gent and verbal men need by definition be godless. A long roster ofboth saints and leading theologianswould, I think, bear me out. To consign all intelligence to the forces ofdarkness might seem to be giving thedevil something quite overdue.This hunch of mine has been borneout by some personal observation. Inthe course of many lecture trips Ihave spent time on a variety of campuses, student institutes, conferences.These institutions range every wherefrom church schools through non-denominational liberal colleges, statesupported universities, women's colleges, men's academies, and juniorcolleges. I have had the opportunityto view a wide number of Americancollege students South, West, North,and East, under a variety of conditions.It's organized, but . . .Typical of these conditions arethe periods designated as "religiousemphasis" weeks by a surprisingnumber of colleges and universitiesacross the country. These occasionsusually involve anywhere from 25 to1000 students, and here the Americangenius for organization is given fullplay: there are speeches, discussions,fraternity and sorority meetings, andall the sideshows of institutional function. But the interesting thing is thelarge majority which turns out tosing and pay wide lip-service to theideal in proportion to the tiny minority which shows up for the roughand tumble question period afterwardand the concrete discussion of howthe ideal can be implemented in ac tuality. And this is why religiousemphasis is so often deceiving.Many of these sessions emphasizing religion in its less profound aspects, make me homesick for theUniversity of Chicago: the bull sessions in the hall, the vigorous classes,the infinite and unending lecturesand impromptu discussions; the spill-ings over from the Chicago alder-manic and mayoral elections, thepolitical conflicts which penetrate theivoriest tower.. . . is it religious?And this is why, 'of all the institutions at which I have ever lectured,Chicago is the most religious. And Idefine religion here in the Quakersense: the manifestation of concernfor one's fellow man which growsout of the attempt to find meaningin the Universe. The struggles ofthe young men and women I knowhere to find meaning are real, oftenagonizing, always intense. These conflicts are, I find, the most intenseamong those with strong analyticalintelligence.Dean John Thompson describesfour main categories of student attitudes toward religion on our campus:First, there are the students whotake direct responsibility within denominational structures. Many ofthese had been active before theycame to college, but certainly notall. Many who become active in thePorter Foundation on campus, forexample, are people who outgrewtheir home denominational brand ofreligion. (The Porter Foundation isa fellowship of Congregational, Chris-Two of the eight reredos parables — tracery panels, archaic in style, whichform the cresting of the high reredos above the altar in Rockefeller Chapel.Shown are parables of the Rich Man and Lazarus and the Unjust Steward. tian, Evangelical and Reformed, andPresbyterian protestants.)Second, there are the students interested in religious problems on anintellectual level. The percentage ofChicago students in this category whoregularly attend the University Chapel services has been steadily growing, until today there is a hard coreconstituting a chapel congregation.However, since there is no provisionfor membership within the "non-sectarian, non-dogmatic" chapel structure, there is no way of setting upindividual responsibility for churchwork. John Thompson, when he firstaccepted the deanship at Chicago in1948, shocked a theological group intolaughter on this question when heasked bluntly, "But what if someoneshould become converted in theChapel?" Thompson tells how laterthe question turned out to be not soacademic when a young Japanese-American, whose parents were notChristian, asked to be admitted tochapel membership, because "It happened here." Later, others found thatit "had happened there." In all cases,the converts were steered to specificdenominational structures.Third, there is a fairly large groupof students who have belonged totheir church or synagogue at homeand who are not alienated from these,but feel there is no time for formalreligious involvement.Finally, there is a hard core of post-adolescents and adults, atheists oragnostics, many of them rebellious,many uprooted, both Jewish and Gentile, who remain totally uninterestedin formal religious ritual. This groupis most clearly associated in thepublic mind as representing the"atheistic" and "godless" face of theUniversity of Chicago. In actuality,it is this very group which — in myown experience — displays so oftenthe profoundest concern. And it isthis group, too, in which I am mostinterested. For the atheist, in hisintense disavowal, is so much moreinvolved with God than either theeasily pious or the unconcerned.Why the atheist?Examine for a moment the reasonsfor the existence of the atheist, andhis concern.From the time of the breakup ofthe Roman Empire down to roughly,the 16th and 17th centuries in Europe, it would have been sociallypointless for a man of the westernworld to have proclaimed himself anagnostic or atheist. This is so be-6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcause the forces of feudal organization and the forces at all aware witheven a crude concept of social justicewere to a large extent centered inor around the Christian church. Theconcept of God, the aegis under whichthese forces worked, was not merelysocially useful, but indispensable. Itwas still indispensable when Cromwell's armies killed a king and implemented a revolution.God or land?But by the 18th century and theFrench Revolution other ideals cameto possess men's souls — such conceptsas land, bread, liberty, national independence. Nothing, could have beenmore intensely religious than thepre -Terror revolutionary force inFrance, the pre -Stalinist Bolshevikunderground, the revolutions of 1848,the Commune of 1870, the abortiveSparticist uprising in Germany. Butnone of these movements — and noneof the men who led them — appealedto God for aid. Most of the leaders —Robespierre, Danton, Lenin, RosaLuxembourg, the Social Democrats,the Mensheviks, Jacobins, Bolsheviks,the Wobblies and Debsian Socialistsin our own country — denied organizedreligion on the basis that it was toooften involved in the apparatus of absolute despotisms and state churches.Not by reason aloneThus the social religions— of whichthe twentieth century has had aplethora — became the standard towhich so many genuinely religiousmen adhered. And organized religionhas only recently begun to gain backsome of its original motivation insocial concern which at the beginningof the Christian era seemed to be itsown distinctive prerogative. Thatpeculiar struggle between church andstate which heralded the modern era,and which in one guise or anotherstill continues, has given rise to several types of societies, which roughlyspeaking might be listed as follows:The frankly secular society (suchas the United States) where almostany religion is tolerated except sectsconsidered to be "subversive" to thestate (Jehovah's Witnesses and otherpacifist church groups) or dangerousto "public morals" (such as thosefew fundamentalist Mormons whostill insist on practicing polygamy.)The frankly agnostic society (ofwhich Sweden is the outstandingexample). Sweden seems to repre- 1Kermit Eby is Professor of Social Sciences at the University andan ordained minister of the Churchof the Brethren. He received hiseducation at Manchester Collegeand the University. He has heldvarious teaching posts, and hasbeen active in labor movements,helping to organize the AutoWorkers and serving as their firstlegislative representative in Lansing, Mich. He has also served asexecutive secretary of the ChicagoTeachers9 Union, and was directorof education and research for theC.I.O. from 1945-48. He has travelled in Japan on official visitstwice, first to Japanese- AmericanRelocation Camps for the Churchof the Brethren, later as a memberof the U.S. Commission for theReorganization of Education inJapan; he has also visited Europefor UNESCO. He was a delegateto the White House Conference onRural Education in 1947. He is theauthor of one book, The God inYou.June Greenlief is an alumna ofGrinnell College, AB '49, AM '51.She has been Mr. Eby's administrative assistant since 1952, and isin the teacher training course atRoosevelt University.sent the epitome of the reasonableand reasoned and "modern" in everything from sex relations to socialized medicine. Sweden is also acountry which has one of the highestrates of alcoholism and suicide inthe western world, a living symbolof the fact that man does not live byreason alone.The frankly clerical church-runsociety such as Ireland where astifling censorship relating to bothideas and action is carried on by thepriesthood. Ireland is a countrywhere there is also a high rate ofalcoholism and a pronounced reluctance on the part of the populationto reproduce itself, a living symbolof the fact that men do not live bytheology alone.That combination of church plusstate, (Spain) or church versus state,(Argentina during the rebellionagainst Per on). In such situationsthe church is forced to take a standon social issues simply because iteither shares control with the rulingregime or engages in mortal battlewith the ruling regime for completecontrol.The frankly anti- church societies(such as Russia) where the state ischurch, and the religious form isnationalism.Thus today any given denominationof the Christian religion at any given place can be at one point progressive,and at another a medieval or antede-luvian phenomenon. Meanwhile thesocial religions of our time haveeither been discredited or have diedslow bumbling deaths. Today inAmerica— for the questing and intelligent youth — there is a vacuum inthis area which cannot be filled byempty moralizing or the mere formalities of ritual. Historically thisvacuum- is hardly new. As each waveof idealism or of religious fervor hasspent itself, the inevitable result iswhat Bertram Wolfe describes inThree Who Made A Revolution:Politics no cure . . ."Politics as the cure for the sicknessof Russian society having been triedand found wanting, men withdrewfrom the political arena or limitedtheir vision to the narrow horizon of constitutional possibilities . . .Hope of changing the world dwindled,the minds of men turned inward: toself, personal cares, searching of thespirit, anodynes, individual salvation. . . Among the young, eroticism andsuicide became mass phenomena embraced with the same headlong extremism that had been given to therevolution.". . . for despairing guestsFor the generation now going tothe University of Chicago in the fifties, much the same kind of situationexists as in Russia after the unsuccessful revolution of 1905. The mindsof young men have indeed turnedinward toward self, personal cares,searchings of the spirit, and thedespairing quest for individual salvation. And one can hardly putblame with these youth, who realizerather too painfully and objectivelythe facts of our lives. To the youthon this campus in the fifties, the.world can be objectively described asa place where ignorant armies clashby night.Social religion has been tried andfound wanting. And on one we haveperhaps come full circle. The cry ofthe revolutionary anti- clericals hasbeen that religion, besides being tooclosely identified with the interests ofthe state, had become a dehumaniza-tion of life. The emphasis always onanother world than this brought forthscorn and moral indignation frommen who saw before them this worldin all its agony: starvation, war,plague, poverty, misery. The indige-DECEMBER, 1955 7nous American radicals (populists,wobblies, socialists) brought forthsatiric songs to express their indignation:Long-haired preachers come out everynightTo tell you what's wrong and what'sright,But when you ask them for something to eatThey will tell you in accents so sweet:Work and pray, live on hayThere'll be pie in the sky byand by . . .Sometimes their songs identifiedsocial religion with the original Christian rebellion:Jesus Christ was a man who walkedthrough the landHis followers they were brave . . .But the bankers and the lawyers . . .Laid Jesus Christ in his grave.This tale is told in New York CityTo rich man, preacher, and slave:If Jesus preached today like hepreached in GalileeThey would lay Jesus Christ in hisgrave.But the realization of the fifties' isthat long-haired preachers come inmany sizes, shapes, and varieties:sometimes they are prophets of revolution and sometimes politicians. Almost all the social religions (includingcapitalism, which a good many thinking people hold in a special religioussense) no longer hold themselves accountable to mere men, but to supra-nationalism, supra-history, supra-organizational authority. This is whytoday the old, shrewd, ancient andmellowed authority of the Catholicchurch seems so much more humanto those ex-communists (and ex-capitalists) who come at last to rejectthe viewpoint that men are meredigits for the greater betterment ofproduction statistics, or expendablepieces on a vast historical chessgame. We have, indeed, done ourbest to "turn the whole Westernworld into a nunnery" — a nunnerywherein self-abnegation to the higherauthority of state, church, socialgroup, production statistics — becomesan end in itself. If the consistencyof our lives becomes doughy, likegreen paste, further and further removed from the depths of humanfeeling, may we wonder?The questioning atheistsThis is why John B. Thompson isso interested in that percentage ofthe student population which comesto him to tell of atheism, doubt, defeated idealism, and concern. These Rockefeller Memorial Chapel as seenthrough an archway at Ida Noyes Hallare some of the questions with whichthese students wrestle. The conceptof a mathematical God, a kind ofFirst Mover so far removed fromman's life as to be unrelated to him,is poetically and spiritually unusable.God must somehow have a relationto the pettiness, the inconsequentialtragedy, the fantastic circumstantialnet which constitutes all our lives.But on the other hand, the conceptof a God which personally takes sides,preferring one nation in war to another, and one man in vengeance toanother, has not merely been foundwanting, but faintly ignominious.For it still remains true that thebasic problem of religion is to makemeaningful what appears to be thischance-ridden patchwork of our individual and generic existence: togive a meaning and a standard towhich the just can repair. Because,although it is true that many crimeshave been committed in the name ofreligion, it is also true that if mendo not waste their lives for greatideals, they will just as surely wastetheir lives in seeking after smallcomforts and trivial vanities. Andwhether more crimes are committedfor ideals or for vanity — of this noone has made count.On the purely happenstance basis,life can be described as a series oftrapdoors, sprung at intervals on thehuman individual struggling desperately between birth and death. Idealsare trapdoors too. Because we all know how the second generation ofthe church — any church — distorts themeaning of the founders. The wordsof Christ give way to the harsh or.ganiza tional structure of Paul; theFrench Revolution ends in Bonaparte-the high idealism of the old Bolsheviks ends in the intolerant cynicism ofStalin. Thus the ideals are alwaysbetrayed by later reality; yet if \yedo not serve ideals in some way under some condition, then we arebound to serve inferior idols forlesser coin. Or we are bound to servedespair, and to observe destructionwith helpless sensitivity — like thatsoldier-historian who marched withJulian the Apostate and found thereality of desolation in discoveringthat no matter where he went in theRoman Empire, the libraries wereeither closed or empty.The basic problem of religion is topoint out to us what, after the destruction of the empires, the burningof the churches, the bonfire of thebooks and the murder of human beings — still remains. Religion must dealwith life. Because life, although asfar as any of us can see, may betotally meaningless, still we must actas if our time in the world were significant. Now there is only one wayto lead the interior religious life, thatis, through study, contemplation,prayer, meditation, self-discipline. Onthe exterior level, this religious lifeis translated into concern for othermen, into a code of action. No otherway toward the religious life has everbeen found. The pseudo-spirituality,the easy "getting religion" with whichthe United States today abounds isabout as far from religious understanding as Simone Weil is far fromBilly Graham.20th Century saintIf the "we" is wrong, says SimoneWeil, so is the "I." And this is whythis tortured and brilliant woman isindeed a "saint for our time" — thatcombination of the social concern forthe "we" and the integrity of the"I", the interiority of self. We cannot refuse to do our part in theworld; but we must refuse the worldits tendency to swallow us up.These then, are some of the reasons why the University of Chicago satheistic concerned — and the searching men and women like them everywhere — cannot be dismissed lightly-Because they are so often tough-minded and soft-hearted, they are notwilling to settle for substitutes andfetishes.For if God is Love, Love is God-8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEImprovised Theater in Hyde ParkOince summer, a new form of*^ experimental theater has made itshome in Hyde Park. Compass combineshistrionics (scenarios improvised fromcharacter sketches and a bare outlineof action, plus impromptus on ideasgleaned from the audience of the evening) with alcohol (drinks are servedduring the performance) .Staffed mainly by members of Playwrights Theater, Compass depends onalumni like Mike Nichols,'52, and Andrew Duncan, '55, picturedon the left, for the sympathetic interplayimprovisation demands.Duncan and Sev-erin Darden, '52,on right. Compass'methods are reminiscent of ancient ItalianCommedia dell' arte,in which actors madeup lines as they wentalong. A regular feature is "The LivingNewspaper," whereplayers read aloudfrom current journals.?nrOMPASS ACTRESSw Elaine May, pictured right, sits withan audience respondingwell to Compassimprovisation.Compass personnelhave found their performances improvein ratio to audienceappreciation. Otheralumni with Compassare Roger Bowen, '55,and Charles Jacobs,AB '53. (Photos by Stephen Lewellyn)DECEMBER, 1955 9HERFIRSTSTEPinto nursery schoolWhen and whereshould she enter ?Archie Lieberman — Black StarBy Frances Muller Prindle, AM '52Principal, V. of Chicago Nursery SchoolandLorraine B. Wallach, AB '50Supervisor, Child Development CenterJewish Family & Community Service10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsl^/HOULD YOU send your child tonursery school?If so, how do you choose a schoolwhich offers the kind of program youwant for your child?At what age should a child enternursery school?How do you help him make thebest adjustment to school?Nursery schools have been springing up like mushrooms across the nation within the past few years, andwith their widespread growth, parentsfind themselves faced with a wholenew set of problems.At the University of Chicago Nursery School, we, too, are concernedwith these problems. Some time agowe decided to try an experiment, toclarify some of the issues not only forthe parents but for ourselves as well.We were interested primarily in thelast two questions cited above, howto determine the age at which a childshould enter school, and how to helphim make the best adjustment.We had long been perplexed aboutthe problems the very youngest children, (two -and- a -half year olds),were meeting in beginning theirschool experience. To ease the initialbreak from home, we had tried having mothers bring their children andstay with them for an hour or twoduring the first few days or weeks,until the child seemed able to acceptthe parting.It didn't work.Children would cling to their mothers for days, crying and screamingwhen the parents left. But morealarming were the children whoseemed unhappy and depressed forweeks after the beginning of school.One little boy, whose mother had recently left, and who had not cried atall, was found sitting in front of thewindow, saying to himself, "Pleasetears, don't come." The group wasoften chaotic and disorganized, withchildren running about not knowingwhat was expected of them in themany new situations.Betsy Patullo, 3, explores nurseryschool equipment with help of Principal Frances Prindle on first day. We felt that the school could improve its method of helping childrenstart school, and decided to try anexperiment.First we turned to the body ofknowledge about the emotional andsocial development of young children.The entire staff was assigned readingsin the field, and these were discussedat the regular weekly meetings. (TheNursery School serves as a trainingschool for teachers, as well as a center for research in child development.)Psychologists and educators havelong recognized the importance of themother, or mothering person, to theemotional health of the infant andsmall child. Most children in newsituations feel more comfortable ifthey can make that situation like thefamiliar one of home. They usuallyform a close attachment to one adult.From the security of this relationshipthey can then branch out to otheradults and children.That's mine!We considered other aspects ofearly child development, such as thefact that young children function bestin a simple environment, with fewpeople and a set routine; that theytire easily, particularly in strangesituations where there are many newthings to learn; that they often feeljealous of other children and find itdifficult to share either toys or theattention of adults with them.We made plans to set up an experimental group, based on this knowledge of young children. First, we decided to start a group of ten childrenduring the summer quarter, supervised by a head teacher and an assistant teacher. Previously twenty children, under the supervision of threeteachers, had started together. Beforeforming the group, we informed theparents of the experiment involved,and obtained permission for theirchildren to participate.The head teacher met with eachparent, and explained our objectives.In addition to starting with a smallergroup, we asked that the mothersstay with the children until they were' no longer needed. We also decided tohave a shorter day for the first few months. (The regular nursery schoolday is from 8:30 A.M. to 12:00 Noon.This group came only from 9 A.M. to11 A.M.)For a few days before school started, the teachers held "open house."Mothers brought their children tolook at the toys, the rooms, the play-yard, and to meet the teachers.On the first day of school, five ofthe ten children arrived with theirmothers, paid a visit to the schoolnurse to get acquainted, and werethen taken directly to the play-yard.They were greeted by the teachers,but each mother took the responsibility for helping her child explore theequipment. The day's routine, whileshorter than usual, followed a patternsimilar to that in the other schoolgroups, i.e., outdoor and indoor playwith a refreshment time, rest, musicand/or a story coming in the middleof the day.The other five children joined thegroup the following day. As the children grew more comfortable in thenew surroundings the mothers gradually assumed a less active role. Byaccepting and approving the schooland the teachers, we felt they helpedthe children feel this was a safe andcomfortable place to be. After the firstfew days, when a child asked hismother for help, the mother suggestedthat the teacher could help him. Thisgave the teacher a chance to demonstrate to the child that she could takecare of him. This, of course, was nota new philosophy to the teachers, butin larger groups demonstration of thiskind of individual care had often beendifficult.A goal achievedAdjustments varied with eachchild. Some were able to say goodbye to their mothers comfortably inapproximately a week, some a littlelonger, but all were attending schoolindependently the second month. Wefound that if a child was absent fora few days, often he needed to havehis mother around for a short timeon his return to school.The school day was graduallylengthened and by the end of theDECEMBER, 1955 11eight^week slimmer session all tenchildren were staying for three hours,from 9 A.M. to noon.When school closed, the teachersmet again with each mother, summarized for her what had happenedat school, asked for suggestions, andmade plans for the fall session ofschool which was then six weeksaway.A third teacher was added to thegroup in the fall when these ten children returned to school. The mothersagain accompanied their children, butall were able to leave within a fewdays, As the group settled down toits old routine, ten new children wereadmitted one at a time over a periodof three months.Two is too youngBy January a group of twentychildren, all by then three years old,were settled in school with many ofthem having lunch and remaining inthe group for as long as four hours,a day. The period of adjustment hadbeen a long one, but the adjustmentof these children had gone muchmore smoothly than that of two-and-a-half -year- olds started to school inthe usual way.The next summer, two differentteachers, using these same methods,started another young group. Fromthe beginning there seemed to bemany more problems in adjustment,and the results were not as encouraging as they had been the previousyear. Unable to determine whetheror not the problems encountered weredue to the teaching methods or to thisparticular group of children, we decided to continue the experiment fora third year.In evaluating the third group, itwas felt they had done as well oreven better than the first group.There were, however, still many moreproblems in the group than in anyof our older groups. After observingdifferent groups of children over athree -year period, the staff came tothe conclusion that some of the adjustment problems common to this agegroup centered about the two-and-a-half year old's conflict in leavinghis mother and learning to live in agroup.We have decided that in many casesthis is too young an age to start achild in school, and consequently setthe minimum entrance age at threeyears. We realize that rulings aboutentrance age probably work to thedisadvantage of individual children, Frances Muller Prindle, AM '52,has been principal of the NurserySchool since 1952. Prior to thatshe had been a head teacher since1948. She holds an AB from TexasState College for Women, and attended Merrill-Palmer School inDetroit. She is the wife of WarrenR. Prindle, AM '52.Lorraine B. Wallach, AB '50, wasa head teacher at the NurserySchool from 1950-55, and in herlast three years served as educational director in charge of teachertraining. She recently left to become supervisor of a nurseryschool for disturbed childrenwhich will soon be set up by theJewish Family & CommunityService on Chicago's north side.She is a graduate of the ChildCare Course at the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis and acandidate for an AM in educationat the University.since some younger children couldadjust very comfortably to a group.But our observations led us to believethat in this school setting, the three-year-olds were able to separate moreeasily from their mothers, and to adjust to a group setting more readily,with less emotional cost, than theyounger age group.However, the results of the methods we had used in the experimentalgroups were favorable enough towarrant using them with childrenstarting school at age three, and in amodified way in the older groups.Many parents ask us, "How can Itell if my child is ready for nurseryschool?" We suggest they considerthese factors: How easily does thechild leave his mother? Does he dowell under supervision of adults otherthan his mother? Does he feel comfortable letting other adults care forhis bodily needs, such as eating,sleeping or going to the toilet? Canhe tolerate a reasonable amount offrustration?Yet more problemsOnce parents have decided it istime for their child to start nurseryschool, they are confronted with theequally perplexing problem of howto evaluate what the school has tooffer. Unfortunately, at this time, fewstates have adequate legislation forlicensing nursery schools and manyof the educational standards dependlargely on the ethics of the director.How do you evaluate a school before sending your child there? We would suggest that you talk with theschool's director about his or her particular educational philosophy. Thedirector of a school, responsible forthe formulation of policy, should haveclearly in mind the aims and functions of the school. Only by beingcognizant of the educational aims ofa school can the staff adequatelyevaluate their own teaching methods.Parents should also try to determine wether the school is putting itsphilosophy into practice. The bestway to decide this is to visit theschool, and observe how it is run. Themost ideal educational aims cannotbe practiced if one teacher is incharge of a large group of youngchildren. In fact, many more than tenpre-school children to each teacheris not a good practice. And no matterwhat the teacher- child ratio is, thereshould be two adults available forany group of young children.When you visit the school you areconsidering for your child, watch tosee if the children are allowed tomake full use of the equipment, orwhether the teachers seem more concerned with preserving the toys andfurniture than in having the childrenuse them.Is there warmth?Most important of all, do the teachers have the warmth and affectionfor children which is so necessary inworking with them successfully? Areal enjoyment of young children canbe much more valuable than expensive equipment or a new building,and it is something which parentscannot read about in a booklet, or askabout in an interview.In trying to make the best possibledecision about nursery school, parents are often beset by well-meaningneighbors, friends, and relatives, allof whom have conflicting advice tooffer. In many communities professional guidance is not available. Thedecision has to be made in terms ofwhat is best for the child, not becausethere is community pressure eitherto send a child or not. Nursery schoolshave many advantages to offer agreat many children, but a group experience of this kind is not alwaysthe best thing for every child. Whilesome children can benefit from nursery school at two-and-a-half, othersdo better if they have their first groupexperience at four-and-a-half. Thesequestions can only be answered interms of the individual child involved.With a little time, effort, and thought,the wise parent can make the rightdecision.12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBetsy Patullo clingsto her mother andbalks at visiting thenurse on her first dayHER FIRST STEPis the hardestDECEMBER, 1955In the strange new world of the playground, Betsyfeels comfortable sticking close to her mother After a while, she relaxes and becomes bold enoughto strike out on her own. She heads for jungle gymTeacher offers a hand, not so much to help as toprovide reassurance that a grown-up is nearby A sudden tumble brings tears and a running leapinto the most comforting place — her mother's armsInside, she tries out child-sized sink, examines the toysA few weeks later, Betsy, now a relaxed member ofthe group, performs at story time for her classmates(Photos byArchie Lieberman — Black Star)DECEMBER, 1955 15Corn and CommissarsAn Iowa Farm BoyTurned Agricultural ExpertEvaluates Russian Farms and FarmingBy D. Gale JohnsonProfessor, EconomicsUTJTHO TELLS the AmericanTT farmer what to do each day?"A Soviet agricultural official atRostov asked me that question as Itraveled through his country lastsummer, one of the first Americansin several years to get a first-handview of Russian agriculture.Off to RussiaWe were an unofficial group oftwelve under no obligation to theUnited States government. Our visitcame about when the editor of theDes Moines Register and Tribune,Lauren Soth, invited Russian farmersto inspect U. S. farms. In return, theRussians extended invitations toAmerican farm experts to visit theU. S. S. R. We spent approximatelythirty -five days in Russia, visiting almost all major agricultural areas, aswell as tractor plants, farm machineryplants, flour mills, and various placeshaving to do with agriculture. The Russians are a hard people tonegotiate with. Our Russian hostsmanaged to keep our itinerary sotight, and our day so occupied, thatwe had little opportunity to see anything they did not wish us to see. Wefinally pulled a mild "sit-down" strikeand refused to go anywhere, unlessthey allowed us to see more ofwhat we wished to see. They relented, and allowed us a bit more freedom. In cities, we managed, by arising early in the morning and goingout to look over the town beforebreakfast, and by taking walks lateat night, after a full day's activitiesand a long, late dinner, which rarelyended before 10 P.M. They seemeddisinclined to let us visit city apartment buildings, for example. We didfinally get into two apartment buildings which had been built in 1952.The steps inside were already pitted.I could teach my twelve-year-old son how to lay bricks better than it hadbeen done in that building. (Incidentally, Russian women do the bricklaying.)Generally, Russian housing is bad.There are lots of new buildings, butthey are essentially governmentbuildings. Many buildings are underconstruction, but work progressesslowly, if at all. I saw some buildingsunder construction which were inabout the same state of completiontwo years ago. Visitors therefore aremisled by what appears to be a largerate of construction in Russia.Don't be misledRussian clothing seems to be adequate, though not tasteful by ourstandards. A woman's print dress ofsynthetic, probably rayon, sold for300-500 rubles. (The average monthlysalary is around 700 rubles.) A man'swool suit, which looked comparable16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMap of Russia, showing route followed by visiting farm expertsto a $40 suit here, ran around 1200-1400 rubles. *However, rents are cheap, runningabout three to five percent of wages,and medical services are free. Transportation for the average workerseemed satisfactory. I was intriguedby the car we rode about in muchof the time, as official visitors. It wasan exact copy of a 1949 Buick, andthey hadn't even bothered to changethe style of lettering on the dashboard. I knew it well, since myfather-in-law once owned its American counterpart.Everything's fine!.All the while we were there, wecould get no comment from the Russians which smacked of criticism ofthe Soviet Union. Everything wasfine. Among the 60 to 70 peoplewhom we interviewed; we could notarouse one single critical comment.Afterwards, we collectively rackedour brains trying to remember anything which might be construed ascriticism of any sort. We came upwith exactly three instances: A director of a farm machinery plant saidhe could have used more workers,the manager of a farm said he didnot have enough grain to feed hiscattle, and another complained onceabout the work of the machine tractorstation.However, I think they made everyhonest effort to answer our questionsabout agriculture.Russian agriculture is aimed basically at producing enough grain andfeed to permit a large expansion oflivestock, while at the same timekeeping up with the needs of population growth. Labor is lavished onRussian livestock. Much labor is required because machinery and equipment which is taken for granted inthe U.S. does not exist or is available on only a few farms in theU.S.S.R.Wandering livestockFences for livestock seemed almost non-existent. In all our travelswe saw only one barbed wire fence,probably salvaged from a Germanprisoner of war camp. When livestock is taken out to pasture it mustbe watched carefully to prevent itswandering away or getting into crops.Much labor is also used in preparing concentrated feeds for livestock,especially hogs. On the farms we visited, the hog feed was cooked, a practice not followed in the United States. This means that the grain must beworked with several times, usuallyby hand. The cost of hauling feedand maintaining buildings is highsince it is fairly common practiceto have different winter and summerquarters for livestock.Livestock expansion is being madepossible by a fourfold increase incorn acreage between 1954 and 1955,from 10 million acres to 40 millionacres. This is a very substantial expansion and an additional 30 millionacres are to be planted in corn overthe next two or three years. However, only about a third of the totaloutput will be additional productionbecause the corn replaces other feedcrops.An important aspect of the cornexpansion is that corn requires muchmore labor per acre than do other feed crops like oats and barley—probably three to four times more.While there will be increased production resulting from the expansion,the main cost will be labor that couldbe used to increase industrial output. Over the next few years theremay be a substantial conflict betweenthe corn program and efforts to increase military and civilian industrialoutput.Sowing of grains on new or virginlands is the other major program toincrease food output. (Starchy foodslike wheat and potatoes make upabout 70 to 75 per cent of the totalcalories eaten in Russia. In the UnitedStates the same foods represent only35 per cent of the diet.) During ourtrip I visited some of the new landsnear the city of Rubtsovsk in theAltai Territory in Siberia, but myDECEMBER, 1955 17visit to these new lands does notserve as too good a basis for anappraisal of all the 70 million acresplanned, since the program is scattered over an area a thousand mileslong and two hundred miles wide.The area around Rubtsovsk is anarea of established farms, and thenew land seems to be quite comparable to the land already farmed.Soil is generally a good black one,intermixed with some sandy soils.Too many hands . . .It is possible to indicate somerough limits on the possible production from the new lands. Most of thepresent agricultural area of theU.S.S.R., including the Ukraine, suffers from inadequate and erraticrainfall. There is nothing in theU.S.S.R. to compare with the American corn belt. Nearest approach isthe 10 million acres of rich soil inthe Kuban. But this is comparablenot to Iowa or Illinois but to easternNebraska. At best it seems unlikely^that the new lands would increase*total grain output by more than 20per cent; at worst by less than 10per cent. While these increases appear to be substantial, it may be notedthat population growth alone will require these increases in a periodranging from about six to twelveyears.Communist Party First SecretaryNikolai Kruschev, main boss of Soviet agriculture, has complained thatthe handling of grain after the harvest requires too much labor. Hehas stated that it takes more laborto handle grain after it has beenharvested than for all the operationsin growing and harvesting the grain.His concern is a real one.Wheat hauled to a central location from the combine is dumped onthe ground. The wheat is then cleanedby machine. This operation is notperformed in the United States because the grain is sufficiently cleanwhen it comes from the combine.All of the straw from wheat, barley,or oats is saved. In one field wevisited there were three men on amachine that bunched the straw intopiles from the windrows that hadbeen left by the combine. A man ona tractor with a buckrake then pickedup the bunched straw and carriedthe straw to the stack. Four menwere operating the stacking machine.In addition one man and four womenwere working on the straw stack.Thus nine men and four women werecollecting the straw from perhaps tento fifteen acres of land per day. In the United States three men with apickup baler would have baled thestraw and hauled it to the barn fromat least twice as much land.Large amounts of labor used toproduce grain for livestock and tokeep up with the needs of populationgrowth is only one part of the picture. Another part is the methods thathave an effect on the amount of farmgoods produced for a given amountof labor. My expectations about agricultural research centers were disappointed. There are a large numberof research centers, but each seemedpoorly supported. Though .we wererepeatedly told that hybrid seed cornwas available in the Soviet Union, wedid not see a single field where hybridseed corn was being produced. Yetwe visited experimental stations, seedselection stations, and state seedgrain farms.The influence of academicianTrofrim D. Lysenko may explain whyso little hybrid seed corn is available in Russia. I was told by a responsible Soviet agriciultural officialthat excellent work was underway onthe development of hybrid corn morethan twenty-five years ago, whichLysenko ordered stopped because hebelieved the work was inconsistentwith his views on heredity. Thev American book which has been translated into Russian as a guide for cornproduction was written thirty yearsago.. . . not enough housingLabor which is used to producefood and fiber cannot be used to construct housing, for which there is agreat need. An average urban family of four has less than 240 squarefeet of living space. This labor cannotbe used to build or operate factories,build roads, or manufacture badlyneeded consumer goods. Farm inefficiency is one of the main reasons whylevels of living remain so low in theSoviet Union.The increase in farm populationclearly seems to reflect the decidedimprovement in the economic circumstances of farm people. Somefactory workers have left their jobsin towns to return to the farm villages, while fewer young people arenow leaving the farms.Although it is literally true thatsome one tells the Russian peasantwhat to do each day, whether heworks on a collective farm or a statefarm, not all elements of privatefarming have been abolished. Individual peasants have their smallgarden plots of from one -half to one and one -half acres. Many peasantsown a cow, a pig or two, some sheepor goats, and a little poultry. A surprisingly large share of total meat,milk, and vegetable production comesfrom these plots.Democratic action?In sharp contrast to these gardenplots are the collective farms. Thoughthe land farmed by the collectives isowned by the state, each farm wasgiven the perpetual use of the landin its original charter. In 1950, bysome mysterious process, the collective farmers decided to consolidate.The desire for consolidation was sopervasive that the number of suchfarms decreased from more than 250thousand to less than 100 thousandin less than a year. This type ofdemocratic action is a little hard foran American to understand.The collective farm is supposedlya cooperative in which all memberspool their labor and operate the landjointly. Members of the farms areorganized in brigades. Each brigade,which usually includes from fifty tosixty persons, has a leader who tellseach member what his task is forthe day. The leader receives hisorders from the farm chairman. Theshare of the production each personearns depends upon the number ofwork day units completed during ayear. A work day unit is an assignedamount of work, such as hoeing anacre of corn in a day. If a womanactually hoes one and one-half acres,she will receive one and one -halfwork day units for that day.Shift in emphasisState farms, originally consideredto be the ultimate form of agricultural organization, are less important.Only about fifteen per cent of the cultivated land is in state farms. Allworkers on these farms are wageworkers. A Ministry of State Farmsis responsible for their operation, andthe director of the state farms receives his orders from this ministry.He is boss of the state farm withinthe framework of these orders.Collective farms, state farms, andmachine tractor stations are all responsible for the organization of Soviet agriculture. From our observations, however, we concluded thatinefficient farm production and poorlysupported research stations are suchthat the average American farmworker produces five to seven timesas much as his Russian counterpart.18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE^ufi- mil^n o/<f woman sells funeral wreaths at the free market in KharkovThese Are The RussiansAn intimate, candid look at some Soviet citizens,as caught by Professor D. Gale Johnson s cameraDECEMBER, 1955 19Old-fashioned hay wagons at theInstitute of Mechanization near 'KrasnodarrA young factory worker A Ukrainian farm boy20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEThese Are The RussiansCrowd in Dnepropetrovskgathers to stareat visiting AmericansA peasant woman offers her pig for salein the free market at NovorossiskIn the Kharkov marketDECEMBER, 1955NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESHonor Kierkegaard;e. e. cummings VisitsTHE HUNDREDTH anniversary ofthe death of Soren Kierkegaard,Danish philosopher, was commemorated in a centennial program November 11 under the sponsorship ofthe Federated Theological Faculty.Three scholars spoke on Kierkegaard's life and his influence on religious and philosophical thought,which has been especially predominant during the past twenty-fiveyears, in the afternoon portion of theprogram. A panel discussion was heldin the evening. Speakers included James Collins,Associate Professor of Philosophy, St.Louis University, on "Faith and Reflection in Kierkegaard"; Paul Hol-mer, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Minnesota, on"Kierkegaard's Devotion"; and Martin Heinecken, Professor of Systematic Theology, Lutheran TheologicalSeminary, Philadelphia, on "Kierkegaard as Christian."Participating in a panel discussionthat evening in Swift Hall were theafternoon speakers, William A. Earle,Poet e. e. cummings chats backstage at Mandel Hall with Chicago Reviewco-editors Lachlan MacDonald (I.) and Samuel Blazer. Literary quarterly sponsored cummings' reading of his poems.Lewellyn Assistant Professor of Philosophy,Northwestern University; Perry Le-Fevre, Assistant Professor of Theology and Education, FederatedTheological Faculty, and VictorGourevitch, Director of the LiberalArts Program, University College,adult education branch of the University.New Psychology ChairmanHOWARD F. HUNT, Professor ofPsychology, has been namedChairman of the Department of Psychology.A member of the faculty since1948, Hunt specializes in animal psychology. He has done extensive workon the psychological and physiological effects of electro-convulsive shocktreatment in animals.He has also served as consultantin psychology to the Veterans Administration and to the Army MedicalService Graduate School at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center.Hunt was Assistant Professor ofPsychology at Stanford University(1946-48), before coming to the University. Previously he was a clinicalpsychologist with the U. S. Disciplinary Barracks in Philadelphia (1944-46), and Instructor in Psychology,University of Minnesota (1943-44).Hunt received his AB in 1940 fromMichigan State College and his PhDin 1943 from the University of Minnesota.Million For Medical ResearchTHE UNIVERSITY has receivedsecurities and other assets withan estimated value of $1,200,000 for itsmedical research center from the estate of William S. Oppenheim, prominent Chicago lawyer who died at theage of 83 in August, 1940, after 62years of active practice.Oppenheim made the Universitythe residual beneficiary in his will,22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAfter several weeks of drill in plain sweat suits, membersof the newly formed football class received standardequipment and settled down to hard body-contact work,this fall. About twenty-five players reported regularly tocoach Kyle Anderson (above, in the cap) on the fieldnorth of the fieldhouse. Despite one injury — a dislocatedkneecap suffered when a player, standing alone, turned m"Lewellyntoo quickly — blocking, punting and passing drills continued. No plans for future intercollegiate games wereannounced. Ironically, as Chicago resumed its first tacklefootball since the war, an editorial in the Daily Northwestern suggested that the north shore school drop BigTen play. Northwestern officials promptly rejected thesuggestion, said they would remain in the competition.and in a voluntary trust, both ofwhich established life trusts for threerelatives, only one of whom, Mrs.Blanche Saylor, of Marietta, Ohio,survived him. Mrs. Saylor died in thatcity last July 24. The Chicago Title& Trust Company, trustee under thewill and the voluntary trust, hastransferred the assets of the estate tothe University.Leading French Scholars HereTHREE EMINENT French scholarsare teaching at the Universitythis fall under a program sponsoredby the Committee on Social Thought.The University has received athree-year grant of $14,000 from theFund for the Advancement of Education to finance the exchange of professors each year between Chicagoand the University of Paris and tobring one or two other eminent European scholars annually to the University under the auspices of theCommittee on Social Thought.Under the exchange agreementwith the University of Paris, Professor Lucien Febvre, leading Frenchhistorical scholar, is visiting the University this year, and Dr. Cyril Smith,director of the Institute of Metals,represents the University of Chicagoat the University of Paris.The Committee on Social Thought,under the program, also brought to Chicago Jacques Maritain, notedFrench philosopher, and Andre Siegfried, author of America at Mid-Century, a critical study of Americancivilization, and member of theFrench academy.Maritain conducted a three -dayseminar in October on "The Philosophy of History." Siegfried gave aseminar on "Technique and Culturein Modern Civilization."The exchange agreement with theUniversity of Paris provides for theannual exchange of two young scholars of promise each year in additionto the exchange of Professors.Set up in 1949, the exchangeagreement originally was arrangedby M. Jean Marx, head of the Cultural Relations Department of theFrench Foreign Office, because of thespecial interest which the ForeignOffice and the University of Paristook in the work of the Committeeon Social Thought.The Committee on Social Thoughtis organized at the University to studythe relationships between the humanities and social science and to attemptto integrate knowledge in the twofields. John U. Nef is Chairman.Memorial For MooreMEMORIAL services for Carl R.Moore, 63, internationallyknown authority on the biology ofsex and Chairman of the Department of Zoology, were held on October 31in Joseph Bond Chapel. Moore diedOctober 16 in Billings Hospital.Speakers at the services wereChancellor Lawrence A. Kimpton,the Reverend Rolland W. Schloerb,pastor of the Hyde Park BaptistChurch, and James F. Findlay, President of Drury College, Springfield,Missouri. Moore, an alumnus of Drury College, was a member of its boardof trustees for many years, and received the honorary degree of doctorof science from Drury in 1948.Moore was an outstanding pioneerin the study of sex and the mechanism of its development, and thehormonal control of reproduction. Hebegan his studies before sex hormones were isolated, and contributedto their isolation.In medicine, Moore's work on theeffect of hormones aided in the development of treatment for prostatecancer in men and breast cancer inwomen.A member of the faculty of theUniversity of Chicago since 1914,Moore received many scientific honors for his studies. In 1950 he receivedthe fifth scientific award of the American Urological Association for hiswork on the male reproductive system, and last June was awarded amedal and certificate of award by theEndocrine Society of America in recognition of his distinguished contributions to endocrinology.DECEMBER, 1955 23New AppointmentsAPPOINTMENT of Dr. RuthRhines, anatomist, and WilliamK. Baker, geneticist, to the faculty ofthe Division of Biological Sciences hasbeen announced by Dr. Lowell T.Coggeshall, Dean of the Division.Dr. Rhines, a neuroanatomist specializing in the study of the development of the nervous system, becomesAssociate Professor of Anatomy. Baker, whose field is research in theeffect of radiation upon heredity, becomes Associate Professor of Zoology.An associate in medicine last yearat the University of PennsylvaniaSchool of Medicine, Dr. Rhines waspreviously instructor in medicine atthe University of Illinois School ofMedicine and assistant superintendent at the Municipal Contagious Hospital in Chicago. She interned at Pas-savant Hospital after receiving herM.D. degree from Northwestern University in 1949.She received her B.S. degree(1938), her M.A. (1940), and Ph.D.(1942), from Northwestern Universityand was instructor of anatomy atNorthwestern until 1947 when sheentered medical school.Before coming to the UniversityBaker was senior biologist with theOak Ridge National Laboratory inOak Ridge, Tennessee (1951-1955).He was previously Assistant Professor of Zoology at the University ofTexas (1948-51).Baker received his B.A. degree in1941 from the College of Wooster,Wooster, Ohio; his M.A. (1943), andhis Ph.D. (1948), from the Universityof Texas.Physical Sciences DeanWARREN C. JOHNSON, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Chemistry, has beenappointed Dean of the Division ofPhysical Sciences.Johnson, who has served as Associate Dean of the Division since 1946,succeeds Walter Bartky, who was recently appointed vice-president incharge of special scientific programs.A member of the faculty since 1927and Chairman of the Chemistry Department since 1945, Johnson is anauthority on the chemical propertiesof plutonium and has pioneered in thechemistry of rare earths.He is a member of the general advisory committee and chairman ofthe declassification committee of theAtomic Energy Commission, and amember of the board of trustees ofthe Oak Ridge Institute for Nuclear Warren JohnsonStudies at the Oak Ridge NationalLaboratory. He is also scientific advisor to the Argonne National Laboratory, operated by the Universityfor the A.E.C.Johnson was one of seven University of Chicago technical consultantswith the U. S. delegation to the Conference on peaceful uses of atomicenergy in Geneva last August.In 1948, Johnson was awarded aPresidential Certificate of Merit forhis work during World War II aschairman of a section of the NationalDefense Research Committee devotedto the detection and analysis of wargases. During the war, he also participated in the development of theatomic bomb with research on thechemical processes of plutonium forthe Manhattan District of the U. S.Army. He was director of the chemistry division of the Clinton Laboratories in Oak Ridge from 1943-45.Johnson holds an S.B. from Kalamazoo College, S.M. from ClarkUniversity, and Ph.D. from BrownUniversity.Lower Blood CholesterolAN EXTRACT of powdered animalbrains has successfully loweredin patients the amount of bloodcholesterol, a substance that probably causes hardening of the arteries,a University of Chicago researchteam reports.Dr. Richard J. Jones, AssistantProfessor of Medicine, Oscar K.Reiss, American Heart AssociationFellow in Medicine, and Research Assistant Eugene L. Baiter, reportedon the administration of the extractto nine patients suffering with coronary artery disease. The report wasgiven at a recent meeting of theAmerican Heart Association in NewOrleans.Previously, the extract had beensuccessfully tested on experimentalanimals, where it lowered the bloodlevel of cholesterol. There is a highcorrelation between the level ofcholesterol in the blood and coronaryartery disease, including coronarythrombosis.The patients were observed overthe period of a year. During onemonth of this period, they were fedan ounce and a half of dried brainextract daily.Analysis of their blood made before, during, and after the administration of the extract showed that itlowered the cholesterol level by sometwenty percent. Other fats in theblood were also lowered by administering the brain extract, but not asdramatically.Cholesterol is found in such foodsas eggs, milk, and animal fats. It canalso be produced in the body itselfas the result of chemical reactions inthe liver.The accumulation of cholesterol inthe blood vessels forms plaques whichmay eventually restrict the flow ofblood.The precise chemical means bywhich the brain extract lowers theamount of cholesterol in the blood isnot known, but the doctors believethat it probably steps up the excretion of cholesterol.Nor is it known which chemicalfound in the extract, which is usually made from the brains of cattleor sheep, is responsible for loweringthe cholesterol level. These problemsare still being investigated.Sorbonne honors NefJOHN U. NEF, Professor of Economics and History and Chairman ofthe Committee on Social Thought, wasawarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Letters by the University ofParis on November 4.The degree was conferred at theSorbonne during the convocation heldat the start of the University of Paris'academic year.The degree was awarded in recognition of Nef's work as Chairman ofthe Committee on Social Thought,which studies the relationships between the humanities and the socialsciences in an attempt to integrateknowledge in the two fields.24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECampaign NewsFUND HITS $7 MILLIONTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOCAMPAIGN has raised $7.5 million of its $32.7 million goal.Of this total, some $4 million hasbeen pledged by the trustees, (thelargest sum ever put together by aboard of trustees for a similar effortin the history of educational finance.)The drive for corporation funds,still in its initial phase, has alreadynetted $1,158,000. Among recent giftswere ones of $200,000 from the InlandSteel- Joseph T. Ryerson & SonsFoundations, and $150,000 from theSears-Roebuck Foundation. As partof the corporation funds drive, Clarence B. Randall, Chairman of InlandSteel Co. and a trustee, addressed 300prominent Chicago business executives on the subject "Industry's Stakein Higher Education." He warnedbusiness leaders that they must recognize and accept the responsibilityfor supporting the liberal arts in thenation's colleges, as well as they nowsupport the sciences.Why do people fight?"The very security of our countryhas at times rested upon the screwypieces of knowledge and strange bitsof learning that have been preservedon the campuses," he said. "Take thesubject of economics. How we weep,how we mourn, in industry, at thelow state of public understanding ofthe great subject of economics. Well,in the universities are the sources ofexpert knowledge in the subject ofeconomics.""If you want an economist for yourbusiness, you go to a university to gethim and if you are not satisfied withthe brand of economics taught in theuniversity, it would seem to me thesmart thing to do is not start tryingto train economists ourselves, but todo something about getting betterinstruction in the university on thesubject of economics.""We know what creates frictionbetween metals," Randall said, "butwe don't know what creates friction between people. We speak of the incentive system, and yet who has everscientifically studied motivation inhuman conduct, to know how incentive causes effort? That is the job ofthe social scientists." (For more ofRandall's remarks, see Tower Topics,November, 1955.)Just a little wistfulA few days later, Philip L. Graham,publisher of the Washington Post andTimes-Herald, and a trustee, addressed some 600 Chicago area committee workers at a dinner in theSherman Hotel. (Graham is marriedto the former Katherine Meyer, AB'38.)Graham's remarks follow:"We are met here tonight under themost unusual of circumstances. Weare not being asked to grapple withany cosmic problems, nor to pass anyweighty resolutions. We need not appraise the great issues confrontingSecretary Foster Dulles at Geneva.We need not calculate the consequences of medical progress at Denver."The " sad fact is that there arenumberless matters of grave importwhich we need not dwell upon tonight. There is Princess Margaret,and there is the H Bomb. There isthe threat of war in the Middle East;and there is the mysterious death ofthe owner of Nashua."And, in addition to a host of otherthings, there is the burning questionof at just what level subsidized football should be subsidized at Northwestern University."Now we ought to be just a littlewistful, and just a little shy, aboutthe fact that we are going to foregomention of these things, or ofUNESCO, or socialized medicine, orall the other favorite topics, for theseissues are the very 'stuff' of American meetings. They are unendingfun. And the passing of provocativeand irrelevant resolutions about themis both physically less demanding than outdoor exercise and intellectually more relaxing than duplicatebridge."We can only pray that in departing from tradition we shall not becreating further evidence that theUniversity of Chicago abounds inneuroses and eccentricities."Tonight, instead of merely leaningback and thinking abusive thoughtsabout Vice-President Nixon or Governor Adlai Stevenson, we are goingto have to undergo the horrifying experience of individual thought and theHerculean effort of individual decision. And it is the earnest and devoted prayer of my learned and recently impoverished fellow trusteesthroughout this room that you will allrather quickly decide to share withthem their new-found pleasures ofphilanthropic masochism and of self-inflicted impecuniosity."Finally, my august brethren hopeyou will be able to decide this onthe spot, without delay, tonight, without even a phone call to your spouse,your mother, or your psychoanalyst."Our problem, of course, is thehealth and the well-being of the University of Chicago.How many angels . . ."The University is a phenomenonthat defies statistical definition. I saythis even though it is true that thatfact has been missed by the CentralAdministration, for as you know,those people who work somehowunder Chancellor Kimpton employ abattery of UNIVACS, and an evenlarger battery of electronic computersin a ceaseless and never-ending attempt to define the University in someterms."And they have had some successes.Even today they have had a majortriumph, for they have computed, thisafternoon, at a late hour, preciselythe ratio that the total number ofUniversity of Chicago Nobel prizewinners, Chicago aldermen, Ph.D's,DECEMBER, 1955 25lizationDiscussion Groups . .¦vLewellynAt dinner for Chicago businessmen, Clarence B. Randall, (I. to r., above).Chancellor Kimpton and Trustee Chairman Edward L. Ryerson look over exhibiton The College. Architect's plans for new Law School are examined (below,I. to r.) by Edward D. McDougall, Jr., JD '23, Ferd Kramer, PhB '22, KeithParsons, PhB '33, JD '37, and George B. McKibbin, JD '13.LewellynHii<>¦ —^^^^~* * »-Liberal Art!DiscussionAt dinner for Chicago businessmen, CIChancellor Kimpton and Trustee Chairmaon The College. Architect's plans for mI. to r.) by Edward D. McDougall, Jr., vParsons, PhB '33, JD '37, and Gand entrants on the $64,000 Questionprogram bears to the square root ofthe total Harvard Endowment Fund."With your pardon, however, I amgoing to skip the statistical and todwell, and I say 'briefly,' dwell, instead, upon some non -mathematicalaspects of the present state of thehuman race."We members of it are now beginning the second decade of the AtomicAge. We have just progressed throughthe third year of hydrogen bombs. Weare now arrived at the Alice in Wonderland stage, where our eyebrowsare hardly raised at all when a WhiteHouse press conference announces aproject for a space satellite."While these terrifying leaps forward are being taken by our naturalscientists, we are simultaneously witnessing social and political developments which are perhaps even moreawesome."In Kenya, for example, thousandsof gentle black people, who only a fewyears ago were charming, quiescentprimitives, have suddenly eruptedinto a Mau Mau force of incredibleviolence. And similiar, if different,forces of violent upheaval are building up throughout North and SouthAfrica."For 20 years or more we havewatched similar developments in Asia,that vast continent which is inhabitedby a majority of the human race."Throughout our world the typicalenvironment of the generation nowliving has been one of revolution, violence, incivility, and near-chaoticchange.Untypical minority"We, in this favored country makeup a rather small, quite untypicalTwentieth Century minority."Of course, we are not totally insulated from the world's shakes andquivers. Nor are we entirely remotefrom the chance of instant annihilation. But we are remote and insulated enough to be markedly differentwithout generally being aware of ourdifferences. We tend to accept ourrelative order, stability, and confidence, as being part of the nature ofthings."Even among ourselves, however,even in the midst of our unique calmand order, even in our daily lives,we are able to see events which remind us that all mankind, and not justthe underdeveloped, possesses thefrailties, the barbarisms, the#flashesof evil and meanness and incivility,which remain the flaws of the merelyhuman. "Some months ago a friend of minegave me an anthology comprised ofexcerpts from the writings of AlbertSchweitzer. He suggested that thebrevity of the excerpts made the volume wonderful bedtime reading. ¦¦¦B^"On the contrary, I, who am conditioned to dozing quietly off in themidst of the multiple murders ofmodern mysteries, found Dr. Schweitzer's words almost totally sleep-destroying, for in his unfashionably26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETrustee Philip L. Graham chats withMr. and Mrs. Earl Slayton (FlorenceCook, '25), before alumni fund dinner.subjective religious attitudes, and inhis great wisdom, that great man letone see how ghastly are the failuresand misdirections of what we know aseveryday life."There are, among the two and one-half billion people on this earth, perhaps a few hundred who perceiveand even practice the ways open toman for confining his imperfectionswithin endurable limits. Some few ofthose very few are part of the University of Chicago."But even among ourselves, amongyou and I who are part of the multitudes who dwell in darkness, thereis some vague groping sense of theproper direction for mankind."One element in that proper direction, I think, we could all agree isliteracy. Moreover, it probably describes the sort of middle-middle statein which most of us here tonightare suspended, for literacy impliessome ability to read and write, tospeak and listen, and occasionallyeven to comprehend.Is literacy helpful?"To be true, literacy is not theequal of intellectuality, and it is veryfar short of wisdom. But at the sametime, literacy is a step or two aboveprimitiveism and barbarity in thelatter of mankind's desperate climbabove the animal kingdom."Now about the human race, verylittle of really lasting value is trulyknown. We sometimes think we mightknow some things; and our recentancestors were quite certain, in theAge of Reason, that they did in factknow some things."Our generation, however, has hadits mammoth dissillusionments. We have lived, for example, in a timewhen one of the most civilized, literate, intellectual of nations turned itself into a highly organized systemof mass murder, using the gas chamber and other very modern, efficientmeans."But in spite of that sort of setbackand defeat, there are some indicationsthat, very broadly speaking, literacyis a helpful, de-barbarizing condition."The opinion polls give us a strongindication that there is a correlationbetween literacy and civilized attitudes. By and large, those elementsof our population with college educations demonstrate attitudes which aremore civilized than those withoutsuch educations. Therefore, it is perhaps permissible to advance this tentative hypothesis:"That literacy, by and large, is ahelpful step in man's struggle out ofDiane Pollock, College student, corners the Washington publisher for astory. She represented the Maroon.barbarism; and, should the world lastso long, that the hope and promiseof mankind may increase as its literacy increases."That, I believe, is reasonably obvious to you literates. And from itnaturally flow the obligations of literacy, the general obligations of all ofus, whether we be alumni of SlipperyRock, or Yale, or have it what youwill, to support those institutionswhich have lifted us a little bit aboveour lowest potentials."For you of the University of Chicago there is a special, reinforcingobligation. Your University is notonly a university but it is THE onegreat national university situated inthe Middle West. It exerts an upwardcivilizing leverage upon this areawhich none of you ought to underestimate. And, the world being what it is, the state of culture and well-being of Middle America is of importance even to such effete Easterners as myself.You can act now"At the outset I said that this wasa unique meeting — that you could notmerely view with alarm or point withpride — but that you could actually dosomething, this very night; and soyou can."You can, as I wind up, sit therecalculating your tax bracket; recallingthe mortgage terms; postponing thatpossible trip to Europe, or Las Vegas,or what have you."In short, you can begin to makea finite computation of your personalobligations of literacy. This happensto be your own, non-delegable, intimate, personal responsibility."The University's campaign fund isessential for two simple reasons:"One, we must save what has beenso laboriously and brilliantly developed."Two, we must enable it to achieveits bright future promise."Through good fortune you haveshared the state of literacy which isknown to only a tiny fraction of theworld's peoples. And your share ofthe obligations of literacy is minute,indeed, when compared to the gloriesyou have known."In brutal, blunt, ruthless terms,this campaign, I am told, dependsupon average gifts from each of youwhat we collectors know as the 'advance gifts units' of $500, the painreduced by being spread over threeyears, and further numbed by themagic of tax exemption."You are all, of course, familiarwith averages, and being familiar youLewellynMrs. Dorothy Hackett Holabird, '18,and Trustee Chairman E. L. Ryersondiscuss the campaign at dinner table.DECEMBER, 1955 27will at once know full well that 600people cannot average $500 unless 583of you bring up the average by eachgiving $5,000."Let me add just this one, finalevangelical thought: I have the greatadvantage of viewing your Universityfrom the detachment of half a continent removal. Its greatness is moreunmistakable, perhaps, than whenyou live next door to it."It truly is a great national University and a great national asset;and it is presided over by a modest,wise, dedicated man, who equals orsurpasses any university chief in thecountry, except in the 'stuffed shirt'department."There is no one here, I am sure,who is not bowed down by otherresponsibilities. All of you, I know,are besieged by a hundred otherworthy besiegers. Each of you isimaginative enough to convince yourselves that there are good reasonswhy you should do less than thatrich miser, Joe Blow, whom you heardid practically nothing at all."Now just why should you spurnsuch cheap and spurious thoughts?*Why should you be obliged to give ina burdensome way to the Universityof Chicago?"The answer is simply this: Youhappen to have experienced directlythe mammoth meaning of that University. You happen to know betterthan anyone else the greatness of itsnational contribution. If Joe Blowhappens to have thrice your net worthand yet happens to underestimate hisresponsibilities, certainly you don'twant to compete with him in a contestof opacity of the mind or meannessof the spirit."I know you do not."I know you don't want to faceyears of sleeplessness, of nagging,growing worries, when ultimately yourealize how far you fell short of themark in measuring your obligationsof literacy."On the contrary, I want you all togo home to sleep the quiet sleep ofthe just, for imaginative, selective,thoughtful generosity is far, far superior to barbiturates."New chairmenEarle Ludgin and John McDonough, co-chairmen of the AlumniCampaign Committee, have announced the following appointmentsas local committee chairmen: MissJune I. Snow, '50, Peoria, 111.; Dr.Stephen S. Visher, '09, Bloomington,Ind.; Robert B. Giffen, '36, Atlanta, Ga.; Dr. Elwood A. Atherton, '30,Urbana, 111.; Chester C. Schroeder,'29, Evansville, Ind.; Miss Mary M.Wyman, '22, Louisville, Ky.; Dr. J.Paul Leagans, '49, Ithaca, N. Y.; Dr.George L. Cross, '29, Norman, Okla.;Miss Ruby Kathryn Worner, '21, NewOrleans, La.; Charles E. Brown, '51,Albuquerque, N. M.; Mrs. WalterRay Hepner, '11, San Diego, Calif.The five area captains under Arthur R. Cahill, Chicago area vicechairman of the Alumni Division incharge of advance gifts solicitation,have announced the following "teamcaptains" and associates to assist themin the advance gifts phas^e of thecampaign:Chicago north side, Errett VanNice, '31, chairman? Charles A. Bane,'35; Robert A. Carr, '26; Charles F.Cutter, '29; Colin S. Gordon, '27;Chalkley J. Hambleton, Jr., '34;Julian J. Jackson, '31; Chester E.McKittrick, '20; Miss Catherine G.Rawson, '25; Mrs. Paul S. Russell,Sr., '19; Mr. and Mrs. Morton S.Postelnek, '40.Chicago south side, Arthur A. Baer,'18, chairman; Harry H. Hagey, '29;Samuel J. Horwitz, '34; Mrs. Earl W.Johnson, '25; Nicholas J. Melas, '50;John W. Webster, '39; Michael Weinberg, Jr., '48; John R. Womer, '35.Chicago west suburbs, Mrs. JamesH. Dunbar, Jr., '32, chairman; JohnG. Sevcik, '47, Berwyn; Harry H.Harper, '08, and Ami F. Allen, '36,Fox River Valley; Robert Balsley, '33,Aurora; John E. Test, Dundee; Robert W. Leach, '36, Elburn and Elgin;Paul H. Davis, Jr., '37, St. Charles;Harold T. Moore, '16, Hinsdale -Clarendon Hills; William C. Norby, '36, LaGrange-Riverside; Elwood G. Ratcliff,'22, Oak Park-River Forest; Byron S.Powell, '21, Wheaton-Glen Ellyn.Chicago south suburbs, Mrs. JosephK. Roberts, '28, chairman; Robert B.Harlan, '39, Spencer E. Irons, '38, Mrs.Howard R. Joseph, '34, and John E.Thompson, '44, Flossmoor; CliffordG. Massoth, '35, Harvey; Robert F.Baldaste, '36, Mr. and Mrs. LaurenceH. Carr, '34, Throop Vaughn, '37,Homewood; Richard J. Smith, '37,Hammond, Ind.; Pompey G. Toigo,'33, Joliet; Miss Alice Greenacre, '08,Palos Park; Mrs. Earl G. Kunz, '37,Palos Heights.Chicago north suburbs, Howard E.Green, '25, chairman; Alfred K.Eddy, '17, Bruce A. Young, Jr., '38,Winnetka and Northfield; Mrs. GeorgeT. Drake, '43, Wilfred H. Heitman,'28, and Herbert C. DeYoung, '25,Wilmette, Kenilworth, Glenview; J.Remick McDowell, '54, Lake Forest,Lake Bluff, Libertyville, Winthrop Harbor; Michael Greenebaum, '24,Renslow P. Sherer, '09, HighlandPark, Glencoe, Deerfield, HubbardWoods, Northbrook, Ravinia; Paul W.Cook, '22, Harold J. Gordon, '16;George M. Weiner, '46, Evanston,Lincolnwood, Skokie; Blair Plimpton, '30, Park Ridge.Nuclear School's FirstGraduationTHE FIRST GROUP of scientistsand engineers to complete acourse in the new School of NuclearScience and Engineering at ArgonneNational Laboratory were graduatedOctober 12.Dr. Walter H. Zinn, Director of Argonne; Dr. Norman Hilberry, DeputyLaboratory Director and Director ofthe School; and Dr. J. Barton Hoag,Associate Director of the School,spoke at brief ceremonies honoringthe thirty -nine graduates.The school, which was started inMarch, 1955, is one of the major projects undertaken by the Atomic Energy Commission in cooperation withthe State Department and the International Cooperation Agency in support of President Eisenhower'sAtoms-For-Peace program. In thefirst session, which began on March14, were 30 scientists and engineersfrom 19 nations representing a crosssection of applicants from Europe,Central and South America, and theNear, Middle and Far East. The nations represented in the first classwere: Argentina, Australia, Belgium,Brazil, Egypt, France, Greece, Guatemala, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Pakistan, The Philippines, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, andThailand. There were also nineUnited States students in the classwho were sponsored by United Statesindustrial organizations.The seven-month session just ending included unclassified courses indesign, construction, and operation ofreactors for nuclear research; principles of design of nuclear power reactors; chemistry and metallurgy ofreactor materials; handling of irradiated materials; and other relatedpeacetime applications of nuclear energy.Enrollment for the second sessionof the School, which began November7, was 65. Of these, 44 are from 22foreign nations and 21 from theUnited States. Numerous nations notrepresented in the first session arerepresented in the second session.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEREFLECTIONS AFTER FIVEThe Handsome MausoleumIda Noyes Hall Becomes A NewStudent CenterIT'S A HANDSOME MAUSOLEUM," say the students whenasked about Ida Noyes. Mary AliceNewman and I hope to be able to say,before the end of the fall quarter,"Nous avons change tout ca."Ida Noyes is a handsome building,full of beautiful furniture, grill-work, nearly two hundred genuineoriental rugs and some imposingportraits. Departmental clubs, officialUniversity organizations, the Settlement League and myriad adult groupsfind this a delightful place for meetings, teas and receptions. But students have not found it a place torelax.Reynolds Club, on the other hand,teems with students. Every availablespace is used to the hilt. The officeMrs. Newman, Associate Director ofStudent Activities, and I share on thesecond floor is always open for students to drop in with their plansand problems. People scurry by ontheir way to the Maroon office at theend of the corridor, and the din offrenzied publishing emits from theiroffice, where everyone always seemsto be in a hurry.The club rooms on the first floorof the Reynolds Club are not alwaystidy, but they are always in use.Thanks to the gift which Ernie Quantrell, his wife and her sister, madeto us several years ago, these roomsare pleasant and colorful. The "fish-bowl", on the second floor is the center for small meetings of Student Activities Council and other groups.University Theatre, Student Government, and Student Forum activelyuse up space on the third floor. TheReview and the Cap and Gown findtheir office space inadequate, andnumerous requests lie before us formore space for student organizations.DECEMBER, 1955 By Robert M. StrozierDean of StudentsThe problem has seemed complex,yet it is really quite simple. Is it nota paradox that open space should bepartly used in one area of the campus while overcrowding exists nearby?Last summer we began discussionsabout the constantly expanding program in student activities, and theissues involved. The Maroon is nowpublishing twice a week. Cap andGown has resumed the importantplace it once held on the campus.The Review has become a first-classliterary magazine, published by thestudents. The student radio station,WUCB, is in need of room to expand.Student Government has found itsquarters inadequate, as the NationalStudent Association activies presentalmost a separate problem.University Theatre uses the littletheatre, constantly for small productions and prepares its larger MandelHall shows there at the same time.Dean of Students Robert M.Strozier took an unusual step thisfall in filling a vacancy in theDirectorship of Student Activities— he appointed himself for thecurrent year. Explaining his action, Dean Strozier stated that hefelt the need for spending a pzrtof his time, at present, in muchcloser contact to the daily activities of the students outside theclassroom. He is shuttling backand forth between Reynolds Club,Ida Noyes and the AdministrationBuilding, where he has not telin-quished any of his responsibilities.He has, however, been granted ayear's leave from his teaching duties as Professor of Romance Languages. The Glee Club has become an important organization. The StudentForum has brought debating back asa major activity with its adoption ofthe English-style forums. The OutingClub moves from Colorado peaks toAtlantic Ocean seashores with apparent ease.The Girls' Clubs are booming. Esoteric returned to the campus this fallafter an absence of several years.Many fraternities have written askingpermission to re-establish chaptersthat have been closed for years, whilestill others have inquired about thepossibility of establishing groups onthe campus.All this means that the increasedenrollment and the emphasis uponthe high school graduate entering thecollege have made certain changes,particularly in the extra-curriculum.Our office staff believes that education does not end in the classroom,but that it begins there and shouldpermeate the entire campus. It alsobelieves that there is real educationalvalue in the extra -curriculum. Itfurther believes that we should notdirect student activities, but that weshould rather serve as sympatheticcounselors, following, not directingthe interests of students. These interests shift from year to year. Theyhave shifted markedly with the age-group levels, from the very matureveteran group, to the very young college group, to the present more widely distributed levels. We' must alwaysremember, however, that even nowwe have more graduate and professional students than undergraduates.If we attain the goals which theChancellor has defined, of an equalnumber of graduates and undergraduates, then we shall see more change.Flexibility in the extra-curriculum29must provide for the ever-changingscene. After all, our greatest tradition at the University of Chicago isthe tradition for change. It is oneof our most enduring assets.And how does all of this affect IdaNoyes?We want Ida Noyes to share withReynolds Club the great activity andexcitement of the extra -curriculumat this University. We want IdaNoyes to be a place where studentslove to spend their leisure hours.We want them to keep it as a placein which we can all take pride, butto breathe into it the fire and enthusiasm which youth can give toinanimate objects.Toward this end we are makingseveral changes which break withtradition. On November 18 (this iswritten two weeks before that date)a new Ida Noyes will be opened.In the Cloister Club on that Fridayevening a snack bar will be operating, while a large dance sponsoredby the Student Activities Council willbe held in the gymnasium. On thesecond floor in the Alumnae room,students attending the Open Housewill find the Office of Student Activities. Near the East Lounge the Commuters Club, a new and vibrant organization, will have its headquarters.Across the hall the Student Government will be installed. Files willbe placed near the TV set on thesecond floor for several organizations, including S.A.C.The third floor will provide ampleoffice space for the Maroon and Capand Gown. The small theatre, nowused for social dancing classes, willalso house the Documentary Filmgroup, an organization which hasbeen successful for a number of yearsand which fills a real need. TheGirls' Clubs will continue to haveIda Noyes as a center for activitiesand meetings.The planning of the new club building has been an exciting experiencefor Mary Alice Newman and -for me.We have consulted individually withall the groups concerned, and withthe services of the University whichwill be a part of the new program.Recently Miss Ballwebber, directorof the club, Miss Lylas Kay, head ofResidence Halls and Commons, whohas been very helpful in all of thenegotiations, Mr. Zellner, head ofBuildings and Grounds, and the student heads of the groups involved metwith us at my home for a planningsession. Out of it came the details tobe considered and the^ leads to thefinal plans. It was a remarkably in telligent and frank group, representative of the student body.We are at high pitch, planning forthe Open House and the subsequentactivity in Ida. But we would beat high pitch at this season in anycase. Student Government electionstook place last week. That is alwaysa period of great excitement on thecampus. The new President is DavidFarquhar, a very able young manwho spent the year before last as oneof our exchange students at FrankfurtUniversity in Germany. Student Government is intimately concerned withthe move to Ida as it will share in theoperation of the Cloister Club, andif the venture is successful, the Student Government exchange programwith foreign universities can be expanded.It is always a great pleasure towork on a new project with intelligent and sympathetic people. Enthusiasm begets enthusiasm. We believe that this project is one whichhas many mutual advantages for students and for the University itself.For this reason, it has been a laborof love.jlcttersI HAVE JUST read with great pleasureMilton Mayer's article "What WouldYou Have Done?" in the current issueof the MAGAZINE.It seems to me that this article alsoshows how easily the civil rights forwhich civilized man has fought so hardcan be lost. When civil liberties cease tobe a fighting issue, it is very easy to letthem fall by the way-side, and to losethem the moment a police state becomesestablished. Immediately all of the lawenforcement facilities of the establishedorder become a tool for prosecution ofthe peaceful citizen who then finds himself in the role of a subversive conspirator, constantly seeking to escape from anet which would paralyze him and forcehim to become subject to the whims ofthe dictator.It cannot be stressed too strongly thatthe time to maintain unblemished all ofman's civil rights is before the controlof the law enforcement organisms fallinto the hands of ruthless tyrants. Hence,there is a duty on each one of us as acitizen to constantly maintain the wholearea of civil rights undiminished.Very truly yours,Antonio R. Sarabia, JD '49Baker, McKenzie & Hightower,Attorneys at Law1 North La Salle StreetChicago 2, 111. owerENGINEERS!SCIENTISTS!Join WESTINGHOUSE in the researchand development of nuclear reactorsfor commercial power plants andfor the propulsion of naval vessels.PHYSICISTSMATHEMATICIANSMECHANICAL ENGINEERSMETALLURGISTSNUCLEAR ENGINEERSRADIO CHEMISTSNew! WestinghouseFellowship Program... in conjunction with the Universityof Pittsburgh. This new Westinghouseprogram enables qualified candidates to attain their M.S. and Ph.D.degrees WHILE ON FULL PAY.SALARIES OPENAmple housing availablein modern suburban community 15 minutes fromour new plant. Idealworking conditions. Excellent pension plan. Education program. Health& Life Insurance.Atomic Send Complete Resume To:MR. A. M. JOHNSTON[ WESTINGHOUSE BETTIS PLANTP.O. Box 1468Pittsburgh 30, Penna"Westinghouse30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEa Nass i\ieurs95-96S. L. Boothroyd, Professor of Astronomy Emeritus at Cornell University,recalls a year spent studying mathematics on the Midway.Mrs. David Moffet Myers, PhB, hasrecently moved from Larchmont, N. Y.,to Portland, Oregon.06Howard L. Willett, Sr., was named"Chicago Citizen of the Year" by theChicago chapter of the Citizens TrafficSafety Board. He is president of theWillett Trucking Co. and chairman ofthe traffic group.07Arthur Bovee has published his 20thFrench text book: Letters de Paris,D. C. Heath & Co., publishers. Artietaught French at the University (andled Adelpha Delta Phi at the annualSing) until his retirement, 9 years ago.He moved to Athens, Georgia wherehe taught at the University of Georgiafor another five years. The last fourhe devoted to writing his latest Frenchbook. He likes Athens and has remainedthere with his family since his secondretirement. In excellent health and withthis book out of the way, Artie is lookingaround for the next giant to bowl over.Ccnrado Benitez, AM, was in Chicagofrom the Philippines in early fall. Hehad attended the Paris conference ofthe World Alliance of the Y.M.C.A.After spending a weekend with classmate Harold Earle, AB, in northernMichigan he attended another conference in Indianapolis. His daughter wasalso in this country as president of thePhilippine Home Economics Association.Helen is executive vice president of thePhilippine Women's University of whichher mother is president and Conradochairman of the board.The Rev. Donald T. Grey, AB, AM '13,DB '14, of East Lansing, Mich., hasbeen ill for three years following acerebral thrombosis.12A. Boyd Pixley is living in La Jolla,California.Robert W. Baird is chairman of theCoronado Red Cross Chapter, Coronado,Calif., serving this large program as afull-time volunteer. 13Albert L. Green, JD '15, associate general counsel of the law department ofStandard Oil Co. relates in a recentissue of the Standard Torch how hehelped pay his way through college byworking for six summers at a clericaljob.15Helen Drew Richardson (Mrs. Robert), AM, is editing her husband's history of Beloit College. He was professorof history there for forty-six years.After nine years on the Midway DavidRicks, AB, has taken a post-doctoralfellowship at the Judge Baker GuidanceCenter in Boston.16Charles and Esther Sill Soutter, both'16, have moved from Des Plaines, 111.,to Midland, Mich., the new home of theirdaughter, Caroline Soutter Wallace,(Mrs. Paul W.,) '40.Since June, 1954, Ernest A. Finstrom,AB, has been pastor of Bethel BaptistChurch, Rusk, Wisconsin.17William D. Appel, AB, recently completed a research project on the effectsof water and organic liquids on cotton,nylon, and acetate fibers. Mr. Appelworks for the National Bureau ofStandards.ISRoth Falkenan, AM, is residing inChicago.Seth W. Slaughter, AM, DB '22, received two DD degrees last spring, onefrom Culver Stockton College, Canton,Missouri, and the other from DrakeUniversity, Des Moines, Iowa.Hugh G. Harp, SB, SM '24, formerprofessor at Ohio Northern University,has been appointed Associate Professorof Mathematics at Marietta College,Marietta, Ohio.Helen Walker Lord (Mrs. George W.),PhB, has been appointed hostess inHaines cottage of Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa.19Agnes Prentice Smith (Mrs. HiramJ.) PhB, is vice-president of the EleanorAssociation in Chicago. Is this your yearfor Europe?DON'T MISSin January HOLIDAY magazineHere's the comprehensive Holiday guide to the pleasures (andpitfalls) of Europe! It'sHoliday's irresistible EuropeanTravel Issue — 14 definitive ar-ticles by authors who knowEurope intimately. Page afterpage of colorful photographs,facts you'll clip and save, tours,tips and events ! Whether you'regoing or just coming back, theseare articles you'll want to read!Articles like:ITALY — a bon vivant tour prepared by master traveler LudwigBemelmans — and how to enjoy itif you're not a Midas.PORTUGAL - Novelist V. S. Pritchett writes lovingly of the tinybargain paradise whose beautiesare second to none !FRANCE —A Norman holidaysteeped in the scandals of Flaubertand de Maupassant. Calvados andthe joie de vivre of all the Frenchnovels you've ever enjoyed!DUBLIN — "A true-born Dublineris hard to find!" claims SeamusKelly — and goes on to introducethe most colorful crowd of Irishcitizens you've ever met !SPAIN - Barnaby Conrad tells thetrue story of a boy with bullfighters' blood and fear in his heart!PLUS: John Steinbeck's views onAmericans abroad, a guide to over 100of Europe's Best Restaurants, a 1956Calendar of European Events, 3piquant articles on European TV,Movies, Theater, Eric Ambler's Murder Homes of Britain, Children'sWorld, and more!on your newsstand Dec. 13!JANUARYHOLIDAYMAGAZINEDECEMBER, 1955 31BIRCK-FELLINGER CORP.ExclusiveCleaners & Dyers200 E. Marquette RoadPhone: WEntworth 6-5380 22 25TheHOTEL SHERRY53rd and the Lake — FAirfax 4-1000BANQUETS — DANCESOur Specialtyalumni are alwayswelcome at theHotel Del PradoFifty-Third Street andHyde Park BoulevardHYde Park 3-9600 Frederika Blankner, PhB, AM '23,chairman of the Classics Department atAdelphi College, Garden City, N. Y., iswinner of the Pegasus Poetry Awardthis year. Bestowed annually by thePoets' Workshop of San Jose, California, the award was made for MissBlankner's "Encounter in Eden."Dr. Elton R. Clark, MD, has beennamed president-elect of the IndianaState Medical Association, the highestoffice in the medical profession in Indiana. The election was unanimous andhe will take office a year from now.Dr. Clarke has been prominent in Indiana state medical circles for severalyears. He has been a member of thestate association's House of Delegatesfor 12 years, five of them as a delegateand seven as councilor from the 11thDistrict. His home is in Kokomo, Ind.23Norman Wood Beck, AB, PhD '41, hadthe college yearbook of the Jersey CityState Teachers College, Jersey City, NewJersey, dedicated to him in June. Dr.Beck is Associate Professor of the SocialStudies Department, and author of thearticle on New Jersey in the latest edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica. Robert N. Howell is a part-time instructor in ski classes for beginners atthe University.26Ralph S. Boggs, AB, PhD '30, is director of the International Center at theUniversity of Miami.Lucile Capt, SM '26, is in her 35th yearat Mary Hardin-Baylor, 110-year-oldcollege for women at Belton, Texas. Sheis an Assistant Professor of Biology.27John A. Gardner is director of theSan Francisco Council of Churches.Lois R. Schulz, PhB, is on a two-yearassignment at the University of Punjab,Lahor, Pakistan. She will be settingup a new department of child development, and directing the opening of anew laboratory in nursery school education.28Mary Hunter Wolf writes that herhusband Herman Wolf, AB '33, is administrative aide to Governor AbrahamRibicoff, LLB '33, of Connecticut.H&D corrugated boxeswill give your products the samedependable protection.Subsidiary of West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company13 FACTORIES AND 42 SALES OFFICES IN THE EAST, MIDWEST AND SOUTH32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE33J. Wilbur Prentice, AM, writes sympathetically of the alumni fund drivesince he is treasurer of a college inIndia.35Herman Pines, PhD, has been awardedthe $1,000 Fritsche award for achievement in the field of essential oils bythe American Chemical Society. He isa Professor of Organic Chemistry atNorthwestern University.37Norman G. Lipsky, AB, has been appointed chairman of the 1955 Community Chest campaign for Cedar Rapids and Marion, la. The goal is $300,000. Arthur Eb Pickett, AB, PhD '48, hasbeen promoted to the rank of Associate Professor of Biological Sciences atthe University of Illinois Chicago undergraduate division at Navy Pier.Helen E. Sweet, PhD, married ClydeKeener in April, 1954. The couple livein Santa Barbara, California.Phoenix Industries, Inc., Indianapolis,Ind., founded three years ago by Norman H. Abrams, AB, has been mergedwith the Mullen Container Corp. of Chicago and will operate as a division of thefirm. Norman, who has been presidentof the firm, will continue to serve ashead with offices in Chicago. The firmmanufactures rigid aluminum foil containers for frozen foods, in-plant feeding, bakeries and institutions.William Horwitz, SB, is now chief ofthe Cereal and Animal Products branchof U.S. Food and Drug Administration'sDivision of Food. He is in charge ofresearch on methods of analysis forcereals, oils, and dairy, poultry, andfish products. 38Richard N. Lyon, AB, section chiefin reactor development at Oak RidgeNational Laboratory, gave a paper onreactors at the Geneva Atoms for PeaceConference. Dick earned his Ph.D. inchemical engineering at the Universityof Michigan. His wife, Barbara Kennedy, '39, spent her first year out ofcollege in the Alumni Office.Richard Prescott, AB, is living inStockton, California. He and his wifehad their second son, Guy Henry, oneyear ago.Harold Horton Hutson, PhD, President of Greensboro College, Greensboro, N. C, was awarded an honoraryLLD by Wofford College, Spartanburg,S. C.William C. Rasmussen, SB, SM '39,resides in Newark, Delaware.Evelyn Eigelbach Robinson (Mrs.James B.), AB, is the mother of a one-year-old son, Bradford. The Robinsonslive in Louisville, Kentucky.Phones OAkland 4-0690— 4-069 1 --4-0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueProducersof PrintedAdvertisingin ColorAround the ClockMilton H. Kreines '27101 East Ontario, Chicago 11WHitehall 4-5922-3-45487 LAKE PARK AVE.CHICAGO, ILLINOIS£for J\_eservatiom Call:BUtterfield 8-4960 are you aDOCTOR • ACCOUNTANTLAWYER • ENGINEERor other professional man?If so, SUN LIFE OF CANADA can help you face an uncertain tomorrow.As a professional man, you have two problems: (1) You are not likelyto be under a regular pension scheme, and (2) your professional incomestops immediately upon your death. The Sun Life can solve both theseproblems. The proper life insurance program will provide a retirement income for you, and protection for your family in the event ofyour death.If you are a member of a professional partnership, you will want tolearn about Sun Life's Partnership insurance, and the way it protectsall members of a partnership — and consequently their families — inthe event of death.With its first policy issued 84 years ago, Sun Life is today oneof the great life insurance companies of the world, maintainingbranches in key centers with agency representation from coastto coast. Stun Life business insurance policies also provide pro-tection for sole proprietors, key men, and members of businesspartnerships.SUYUFE ASSURANCE COMPANYOF CANADAP.O. BOX 5103SOUTHFIELD STATIONDETROIT 35, MICHIGAN P.O. BOX 2406SAN FRANCISCO 26, CALIF.I have checked (X) the type of insurance coverage that interests me. Withoutobligation, please send me further particulars.? Professional Man ? Key Man? Sole Proprietor ? Partnership? Personal ProtectionNAME PLEASE PRINTADDRESS-Date of Birth_ In Canada, please write_ Head Office, Montreal.DECEMBER, 1955(j^cJmcJfifafim mcj& c%m$MMmOn October 12th, 1955 American Airlines became the first airline in thehistory of transportation to have carried 50,000,000 passengers.4AMERICAN AIRLINESc^flmerieeCs cytgading cywiint34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE39 40DeWitt M. Kelley, AB, and Mrs. IdaM. Gurney Kelley, '44, are parents ofa boy, Alan DeWitt, born in January.The Kellys reside in Menlo Park, Colorado.Dr. Arthur Gebhard Nugent, MD, isa lieutenant colonel with the U.S.A.F.at Fairbanks, Alaska.From Chicago, Robert Klawans, SB,tells of the birth of a son, Donald I.,in May.PENDERCatch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sump-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUEFAirfax 4-0550PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICEWasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phone: Butterfield 8-2116-7-8-9Wasson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wasson Does Kordyan Lewandowski, AB, AM '41,received an LLB from the School ofLaw at St. John's University of NewYork in June.Morris B. Abram, JD, Atlanta, Ga.,attorney, has been elected chairman ofthe Atlanta chapter of the AmericanJewish Committee. He is a formerRhodes Scholar.Arthur T. Snyder, AM, has beennamed associate director of the ChestCampaign Division of Metropolitan Atlanta Community Services, Georgia.Cornelius Groat, AB, SM '42, andElizabeth Herlinger Groat, SB '42, ofRichland, Washington, are parents ofPeter, seven; Pauline, five; Ann, three;and Harold, one.Lee J. Cronbach, PhD, Professor ofEducation at the University of Illinois,has been elected President of the American Psychological Association. Dr.Cronbach is spending the current yearin London, where he is serving as liaisonofficer for the Office of Naval Researchin the United States Embassy.41Eunice Wilson Johnson (Mrs. ThomasF.), AB, and her husband have adopteda baby boy. The Johnsons live inOsawatomie, Kansas. POND LETTER SERVICEEverything in LettersHooven Typewriting MimeographingMultigrapningAddressograph ServiceHighest Quality Service AddressingMailingMinimum PricesAll Phones: 210 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisCHICAGO ADORESSING & PRINTING CO.Complete Service for Mail AdvertisersPRINTING-LETTERPRESS & OFFSETLetters • Copy Preparation • ImprintingTypewriting • Addressing • MailingQUALITY — ACCURACY — SPEED711 So. Dearborn • Chicago 5 • WA 2-4561LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: HYde Park 3-9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERGENERAL MOTORS INVITES........... ALL GRADUATE ENGINEERS ^vPeftwuweul $efc Oppo^uHilicd!for ambitious, creative men.AVIONICSINERTIAL SYSTEMS ETC ^G.M. ELECTRONICS DIVISIONoffers challenging, pioneering opportunities to ambitious men. We extend a cordial invitation to everydeserving Engineer and Designer towrite us their wants. We may beable to supply the square hole forthe square peg! CREATIVE OPPORTUNITIESin the following fields : Missile Guidance Systems; Jet and Turbo PropEngine Controls; Bombing andNavigational Computer Systems;Airborne Fire Control; U.H.F. Communications, MICROWAVE EQUIPMENT, etc. YOUR FUTUREdepends on your making theright connection with the rightfirm as quickly as possible. Whynot send full facts about youreducation, work background,etc. We will do all we can foryou and treat your applicationwith the fullest confidence.©. AC SPARK PLUG • THE ELECTRONICS DIVISIONGENERAL MOTORS CORPORATIONMILWAUKEE 2, WISCONSINDECEMBER, 1955 35EDUCATIONAL NEWS DIGEST1. About one year ago a Corporate AlumnusProgram was established by the General ElectricEducational and Charitable Fund. Through this newprogram, the Fund agreed to match, under certainconditions, contributions up to $1,000 by employeesof General Electric to the colleges and universitiesfrom which they held degrees.We know now that CAP will continue in 1956. Anew provision interprets alumnus as most collegesdo: the Fund will match gifts made to any college atwhich an employee was in attendance one year ormore. An employee may now contribute to a collegeat which he did not complete requirements for adegree.Wide range of participation in the Program isshown by the fact that gifts hav.e ranged all the wayfrom $1 to the limit of $1,000. On October 1, therewere 3,113 contributions to 285 colleges, totaling$116,877; any alumnus who reads his mail knowsthat the modest gifts count as they never countedbefore. ^2. A fifth university will start offering the G-EFellowship Program for high-school teachers in thesummer of 1956; Syracuse University will conducta program in science for 50 high-school teachers.This particular program— like those in science andmath, in Union, RPI, Case, and Purdue— will beunderwritten by General Electric from the time theteacher leaves home till he returns six weeks later.These five challenging programs are at graduatelevels. Our participation also includes scheduled lectures and trips to plants and laboratories to hear andobserve how mathematics and science are used inmodern business.The Teacher Fellowships Program began in 1945at Union, and that summer there was but one sessionof 50 teachers. By now, approximately 1,350 teachershave had the benefit of these special programs, havethemselves been taught by distinguished professors,and have in turn brought to their several hundred thousand students the undebatable truth that thewell-grounded student will soon find the pages of histextbook coming to life in his chosen career.* * *3. We attempt in our various plant locations tohelp our people help themselves. Here's a variationof a plan, now in effect at Schenectady: 35 youngmen, who might otherwise have foregone going tocollege and earning a technical degree, are now atwork as apprentices at General Electric and in attendance at Union College. These young men weregraduated in the top half of their high-school class,came out well on the College Board tests, had anacademic diploma with 16 full credits (almost halfof them in English and math), and demonstrated agenuine desire for a college education.These men are full-time apprentices in drafting,machining, pattern making, and metal founding. Atthe end of 8,000 hours of apprenticeship, they willhave completed, after business hours, and with tuition paid by the Company, two full years of college.They may then apply for a leave of absence to workfor a degree on a full-time basis, or continue theireducations at night, still working full time for G.E.* * *4. A new booklet, GROWING WITH GENERALELECTRIC, is designed to do two things: to introduceGeneral Electric's 10 Programs for college graduatesto potential employees and to serve generally as aguidance tool in the hands of alumnus, parent, andinstructor. Each Program is presented on a singlepage in such a way that the reader can determineimmediately what "majors" must show on the student's record if he wishes to be considered for admission to that Program. Since the matter of prerequisites looms up as a mighty problem to youth,and since the stated requirements are, with minorvariations, generally applicable in industry, suchinformation should help the alumnus in his importantfunction of youth guidance.EDUCATIONAL RELATIONS SERVICES, GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, SCHENECTADY, N. Y.Progress Is Our Most Important ProductGENERAL!! ELECTRIC36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHotelsWindermereImmediate proximityto The University ofChicagoFINESTACCOMMODATIONSAND DINING ROOMSFRONTING ON JACKSON PARK1642 EAST 56th STREETFAirfax 4-6000CLARK-BREWERTeachers Agency70th YearNationwide ServiceFive Offices — One Fee64 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoMinneapolis — Kansas City, Mo.Spokane — New YorkSince 1885ALBERTTeachers' AgencyThe best in placement service for University,College, Secondary and Elementary. Nationwide patronage Call or write us at25 E. Jackson Blvd.Chicago 4, HIFINE BONE CHINAAynsley, Royal Crown Derby, Spode andOther Famous Makes of Fine China. AlsoCrystal, Table Linen and Gifts. Silverware.Golden Dirilyte(formerly Dirigold)FLATWARE & HOLLOW WAREWhole sets and open stockCOMPLETE TABLE APPOINTMENTSDirigo, Inc.70 E. Jackson Blvd. Chicago 4, III. 42Erich Rosenthal, AM, PhD '48, ispresently studying urban planning inthe New York metropolitan area undera fellowship from the Fund for theAdvancement of Education, an affiliateof the Ford Foundation.Lillian Bouslough Finnell (Mrs. Waldo), AB, is mother of a one-year-olddaughter, Janine, born last October. TheFinnells live in Toledo, Ohio.Bradley H. Patterson, AB, AM '43, hasbeen appointed assistant cabinet secretary on the White House staff. His wifeShirley Do Bos Patterson, AB '43, is aninstructor on the faculty of the University of Maryland.Hymen B. Krieberg, MBA, is nowfather of a one-year-old daughter, Joanne Beth. The Kriebergs live in Chicago.43Cicely V. Woods Blanco, (Mrs. Victor M.), AB, received a master of artsin economics from Western ReserveUniversity, Cleveland, O., in September.Paul L. Schwada, AM, is director ofplacement of Lkivet Nazarene College,Bradley, Illinois. He has been with thecollege since 1948.Muriel Block Kasanov (Mrs. Haskell),AB, writes from Skokie, Illinois, thather husband has three stores — AlliedGlass and Auto Supply Co.Robert G. Frazier, AB, SB '45, MD '47,and Ruthann Johnson Frazier, '49, reportthey find life in Iowa City, la., verypleasant. They have recently movedinto a new home. Bob finds the teaching in the State University of IowaSchool of Medicine "stimulating, pleasant and rewarding."44Bernice Simon Hirsch (Mrs. Milton),AB, is the mother of a nine -months -oldboy, Steven Michael. The Hirsches areliving in Chicago.Stanley K. Derby, AB, is now Assistant Professor in the Physics Department at Western Michigan College, Kalamazoo. Mr. and Mrs. Derby have threechildren, Linda Jean, Robert Graham,and Kenneth David.45Albina A. Yakaitas, SB, SM '49, received a PhD from the University ofMinnesota at commencement exercisesthis summer.From Denver, Colorado, Rabbi DanielGoldberger, AB, AM '50, and Ida Patin-kin Goldberger, AB '46, write of thebirth of their third child, Deborah Fae,in April. Their two sons are David, five,and Joel, three.Arne Sletteback, SB, PhD '49, is inHamburg, Germany with his wife andtwo children, on a Fulbright fellowship. Uke€xclu*ive Cleaner*We operate our own drycleaning plantTHREE HOUR SERVICE1331 East 57th St. 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.Midway 3-0602 NOrmal 7-9858Office & Plant1442 East 57th Street Midway 3-0608CHICAGO ADDRESSING COMPANYComplete Service for Mail AdvertisersPRINTING-LETTERPRESS & OFFSETProcessed Letters • Copy PreparationImprinting • Typewriting • AddressingAddressographing • Folding • MailingQUAUTY-ACCURACY-SPEED111 So. Dearborn • Chicago 5 • WA 2-4561MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica-Exacta-Bolex-Rollei -Stereo1329 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-9259"Neighborhood Servicewith Downtown Selection"SARGENT'S DRUG STOREAn Ethical Drug Store for 100 YearsChicago's most completeprescription stock23 N. Wabash Avenue670 N. Michigan AvenueChicagoWebb-Linn Printing Co.Catalogs, PublicationsAdvertising Literature?Printers of the Universityof Chicago Magazine?A. L. Weber, J.D. '09 L S. Berlin, B.A. '09A. J. Falick, M.B.A. '51MOnroe 6-2900DECEMBER, 1955 37"I HAVE THE NICEST HUSBAND"Many a man would like to hear his wife say that. So here's a tip.Get her one of those new kitchen telephones that hang on the wall.Convenience is just the half of it. She'll be so proud!It will be a conversation piece in more ways than one. Especially if it's in color.Bell Telephone System38 THE XMAS GIFT THAT RINGS A BELL. For mother, daughter,dad or son, a telephone in the kitchen, bedroom or hobby room is aswell Christmas gilt... one that keeps on giving the whole year through.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBOYDSTON AMBULANCE SERVICEAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of Chicagophone NOrmal 7-2468NEW ADDRESS-1708 E. 71ST ST.RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMOnroe 6-3192GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186The Max Brook Co.CLEANERS & LAUNDRYUnexcelled Quality Since 79171013-15 E. 61st STREETFor prompt pickup call Midway 3-7447LOWER YOUR COSTSIMPROVED METHODSEMPLOYEE TRAININGWAGE INCENTIVESJOB EVALUATIONPERSONNEL PROCEDURESPHOTOPRESS, INC.OFFSET-LITHOGRAPHYFine Color Work a SpecialtyQualify Book ReproductionCongress St. Expressway andGardner RoadCOIumbus 1-1420 47Alvan R. Feinstein, SB, SM '48, MD'52, is completing his residency trainingin internal medicine at PresbyterianMedical Center in New York.'William R. Rosegrant, AM, is AssistantProfessor of English at Western Michigan College, Kalamazoo.48James W. Henderson, PhB, SB '49,has joined the Microwave Laboratory,Hughes Aircraft Co., Culver City, Calif.He was formerly a research assistant atthe University of Illinois.Jarvis E. Seegmiller, MD, remains acommissioned officer with the PublicHealth Service, Bethesda, Maryland. Heis doing medical research in metabolicdiseases at the National Institute ofHealth there.John H. Reynolds, SM, PhD '50, member of the Department of Physics of theUniversity of California, has a son, Horace Marshall, born in August, 1954.49Francoise J. Harlepp, AB '52, AM '55,and Stanley H. Rosen, AB '49, were married September 5. They are at the American School of Classical Studies, Athens,Greece.Dorothy L. Poling, AM, has beenappointed director of the remedial reading clinic at Purdue University's Calumetcenter, Hammond, Ind.50Ilene Grabo, AM, is the new directorof Mountainside Hospital's social servicedepartment, New York City.Robert G. Cronson, JD, has been promoted to chief clerk and securities commissioner of the Securities Departmentin the Office of Secretary of StateCharles F. Carpentier, Springfield, 111.51Patricia J. Pilliard, AB, recently returned to the United States followingtwo years of art study in Vienna.Procter Thomson, AM '48, PhD '51,is Associate Professor of Economics atClaremont Men's College, Claremont,Calif.52Carol G. Hurd, AB '28, AM '52, wasmarried June 18 to George A. Preucil.They are living in River Forest, 111. Mrs.Preucil is a social worker.John E. Pixton, PhD, teaches historyat Penn State University.Rilma O. Buckman, PhD, is secretaryto the Health and Rehabilitation Divisionof the Toledo Council of Social Agencies,Ohio. AJAX WASTE PAPER CO.1001 W. North Ave.Buyers of Waste Paper500 pounds or moreScrap Metal and IronFor Prompt Service CallMr. B. Shedroff, LA 2-8354BEST BOILER REPAIR& WELDING CO.24 HOUR SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoSince 7878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Restored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. • LI 9-7180CHICAGO'SOWNII •-CIGARETTE BOX ORPIPE RACK HUMIDORRAISE LID ANDGENUINE SWISSMOVEMENT PLAYSYOURCOLLEGE SONG'Wave the Flag, Chicago"Cover decoratedwith CtoisonneeCollege Seal. Apossession youwill long cherish.Brings back pleasant memories after graduation at home, den or office. Don't delaylSend for yours lodaylCigarette Box 9 Pipe Rack Humidor 1 2Specify ? Lt. Mahogany ? Amer. Walnut3fc RAMAR SPECIALTIES420 YALE AVENUEROCKVILLE CENTRE, N. Y.DECEMBER, 1955 39HYLAND A. NOLANCONTRACTORPLASTERINGREPAIRING A SPECIALTY5341 S. LAKE PARK AVE.Telephone DOrchestor 3-1579 llnBmniDbnniffl PARKER-HOLSMANReal Estate and Insurance1461 East 57th Street Hyde Park 3-2525UNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANK1354 East 55th StreetMemberFederal Deposit InsuranceCorporationt. k rehnquist co Sidewalks¥ Factory FloorsMachineFoundationsConcrete Breaking¦*•«» NOrmal 7-0433YOUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTASTES BETTERC Swift & Company7409 So. State StreetPhone RAdcliffe 3-7400 Metnorta/Walter L. Hudson, '01, who retired toSan Diego from the assistant vice presidency in the trust department of HarrisTrust and Savings Bank, Chicago, someyears ago, died at the age of 76 on August 14. Burial was in the OakwoodsCemetery, Chicago.Victor W. Sincere, '97, died at the ageof 79 in New York City on September 28.Until recently he was secretary andformerly president of National Department Stores Corporation.Frank C. Wiser, MD '91, died February5 in his home in North Hollywood, California. Dr. Wiser was former presidentof the Los Angeles Board of HarborCommissioners and a prominent physician and surgeon for 63 years.Herbert R. Sugg, MD '96, died thisyear in Clinton, Iowa. Dr. Sugg was forsixteen years city health commissioner,and for one year chairman of the IowaState Board of Health. He declined appointment as Iowa State Commissionerof Health in order to remain in privatepractice in Clinton.Edward W. Bak, MD '97, died September 17 in Los Angeles. He had been ageneral practitioner and a member of thestaff at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital since1930.John Alexander Reuter, MD '97, diedApril 3. A resident of McMinnville, Oregon, he practiced medicine in Oregonfor forty-five years.Willis Lane Blackman, AB '02, diedJune 22 in Hinsdale, Illinois.J. W. Ramsey, MD '02, of Jonesboro,Arkansas, died in July.Dr. Carl F. Siefert, MD '03, agedseventy-six, died July 19.Noble S. Heaney, MD '04, died September 26 in Los Angeles. Former chiefattending obstetrician at Presbyterianhospital in Chicago, he resided in LosAngeles after his retirement in 1945.Luise Haessler, AB '06, died July 8in New York, N. Y. She was professoremeritus and former chairman of theDepartment of German at BrooklynCollege. Her colleagues at Brooklynestablished the Luise Haessler Scholarship, given each year to the student whodoes outstanding work in German.George E. Schnur Sr., AB '06, diedMay 21.Pearle Davidson Shinar (Mrs. WilliamJ.) AB '07, died August 4. She residedin Manistique, Michigan.Cora V. Walter, '08, of Crystal Lake,Illinois, died August 30.William C. Reavis, PhB '09, AM '11,PhD '25, died June 1. First president ofthe Chicago Citizens' Schools Committee,a large high school near Oak Lawn bearshis name. He was Professor Emeritus ofEducation at the University.Dr. John P. Jenning, '10, professor ofpolitical science at the University of Nebraska, died in Lincoln one year ago.Dr. Jenning was a member of thecommittee which in 1934 drafted theamendment for the unicameral NebraskaLegislature, the only one -house statelegislature in the nation.Acelia M. Leach, AB '10, of Lansing,Michigan, died March 6 at Hastings,Michigan.Julius F. McDonald, AM '10, of Waco,Texas, died August 10.Stella Coghill Butler (Mrs. Walter H.)AB '12, AM '13, of Atlanta, Georgia,died June 4. She was president of theMothers' Department Union of Atlantachurches, and a past president of theWomen's Society of Christian Service.Oliver J. Berg, AB '13, president ofthe International Chemical Co., died August 22 in Banff, Alberta, while vacationing. He lived in Hinsdale, Illinois.John W. E. Glattfield, PhD '13, Associate Professor Emeritus at the Universityand research consultant at ArgonneNational Laboratory, died in June. Afterreceiving his bachelor's and master'sdegrees from Dartmouth college, hecame to the University to obtain thePhD degree in organic chemistry fromJohn U. Nef, then head of the ChemistryDepartment. Upon receiving the degreehe joined the chemistry staff on whichhe remained active until his retirementin 1948. Since that time he had beenengaged in research as a consultant toArgonne. His work has been describedas characterized by a scholarly thoroughness, and by the lucid description ofexperimental observations.Idella R. Berry, AB '14, died June 29.She was a resident of Grafton, Ohio.Mrs. Madeline Smith Christopher, PhB'14, died this year. She resided in ParkRidge, Illinois.Stanley Baumgartner, AB '15, veteranbaseball writer for the Philadelphia Inquirer, died October 4 at his home. Hewas a member of the football, basketball,and baseball teams at the University in1913 and 1914, and went on to playbaseball seven years in the majorleagues.Ezra O. Bottenfield, PhB '16, died June13. He had been principal of Sparta,Illinois, Township High School.Louis L. Thurstone, PhD '17, CharlesF. Grey Distinguished Service ProfessorEmeritus of the Department of Psychology, died September 30. Since March, hehad been Research Professor and Director of the psychometric laboratory at theUniversity of North Carolina, ChapelHill. He is survived by his wife, ThelmaGwinn Thurstone, PhD '26.William Gragg Butts, JD '19, diedAugust 28 in Washington, D. C. A member of the Federal CommunicationsCommission since its founding in 1934,Mr. Butts served as its hearing examinerfrom 1952 until his death.Glenn K. Kelley, AM '19, died inFebruary. He had acted as an ablemember of the University alumnicampaign.40 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMaking the most of my abilitiesin a new career(Some questions answered by a New England Life Agent)What did you think you were best suited for?"I'd had some successful sales experience, and while inthe Air Force I'd given a good deal of thought to the lifeinsurance business. It seemed to offer exactly what Iwanted — independence, unlimited income possibilities,and a chance to be of real service to people."Why did you choose New England Life?"Because they took a personal interest in me from myvery first letter. I liked their set-up, their training program, and their way of doing business. And, they let mework in the city of my choice, although I wasn't wellacquainted there."How did they help you get started?"My General Agent and Supervisor coached me in thefundamentals — how to set up a program and close a sale.Both of them are wonderful teachers and enthusiasticabout helping young agents. Then I attended one of theCareer Underwriting Courses at the home office. Now I amcontinuing study in Advanced Underwriting."How long did it take to establish yourself?"In my first year, I sold a million dollars worth of lifeinsurance protection, and earned a substantial income."Let us tell you more about the advantages of a careerwith New England Life. Write Vice-President L. M.Huppeler, 501 Boylston Street, Boston 17, Massachusetts,for full information.NEW ENGLANDote/LIFE INSURANCE COMPANYBOSTON, MASS.A BETTER LIFE FOR YOU THE COMPANY THAT FOUNDED MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE IN AMERICA — 1835These Chicago University men are New England Life representatives:Harry Benner, '12, Chicago Paul C. Lippold, '38, Chicago John R. Down, '46, ChicagoGeorge Marselos, '34, Chicago Robert P. Saalbach, '39, Des Moines John P. Mack, '48, ChicagoRichard M. Rohn, '37, Grp. Mgr., Chicago James M. Banghart, '41, Agy. Mgr., St. PaulAsk one of these competent men to tell you about the advantages of insuring in the New England Life.CHICAGOWEDGWOODDINNER PLATESFour plates to each set withFour different campus scenes1 ROCKEFELLER CHAPEL2 MITCHELL TOWER3 HULL COURT GATE4 HARPER LIBRARYIdea! Christmas gifts. Break tip a set and makefour gifts if you wishThe Alumni Association5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEnclosed find $ ... o ........... . for which please send me thefollowing Wedgwood Ware: (immediate delivery) :. . . . . .set(s) of Chicago dinner plates at $12(Not sold singly)NAME........... ADDRESS..... THE PLATESTen-inch. Traditional QueensWare In Williamsburg sepia andDysert glaze. Borders arefrom Gothic design on Ryerson.Delivered to your doorS12 per set