* UNIVERSITYwm\ FEBRUARY 1955% miopi wmi '1 •«?¦>»'«5i *Vfflfe«i£& ij&jnwi.«. * i -¦*':6><<'¦ tv^E Slii-* liiii''!¦• ¦» PE . ¦? 1f %«£. II'AMv. BJL-±il ¦ ¦ if ¦ i \<m 1 Ali¦f^3 Om^_ sTOYNBEE ON WORLD UNITYPage 5THERE ISN'T A PERSONWHO ISN'T WORTH . . . ON THIS PAGETO MAKE THINGSSAFER FOR THEM WHATEVER TIME AND TROUBLEIT COSTS YOU . . .WHOEVER AND WHEREVER YOU ARE!BE CAREFUL — the life you save may be your own!A public service message preparedby The Advertising Council in cooperation with the National Safety Council.In YOUR MAIL, any day now, will bea questionnaire asking for some vital information. Please return it promptly inthe enclosed prepaid envelope.Under Chancellor Kimpton our AlmaMater is about to move forward into anew position of leadership. It needs thisinformation from you before taking thisstep.We have 52,000 alumni. We know thatone in every 16 of you is listed inWho's Who; that over 100 of you areheads of universities and colleges; thatover 50% of you did only graduate workat Chicago.We think that more than half of youare in the field of education; that some10% practice law and another 10% arein medicine. But we won't know untilthe questionnaires are in.We think that Chicago ideals are influencing the world from Olney, Illinoisto Isfahan, Iran. We think that thousandshave been honored for civic and professional services. The questionnaires willdoubtless confirm this.Our College has less than 1500 studentstoday. Plans — which we will report later— are for 5,000 tomorrow, balanced by5,000 graduate students. The total number of students on the quadrangles todayis just under 5,000. The questionnairesshould indicate trends in college choices.Business would call it analyzing thecompetition.An alumni directory is being considered as one of the products of the questionnaires. There is a section whereyou can vote on this and/or the type ofdirectory.We will report our findings to youlater. Meanwhile, please return the questionnaire and we'll go into action.Open House, February 26J\S USUAL, members of the AlumniAssociation in the Chicago area are receiving advance invitations to our annualMid- Year Open House, Saturday, February 26th. Your dues help to underwritethe cost, which justifies this membershipcourtesy.Reservations will also be held formembers outside the Chicago area whowill receive their programs in TowerTopics, when Open House is announcedto all alumni.Prompt action is necessary the dayyou receive your invitation. Tour, dinner,and Mandel Hall reservations move outquickly.New honorslliRNEST C. COLWELL, PhD '30, President of the University under former For nearly fifty years little GargGriffin in stone has been mountingHull Gate. It took Helen Ann Hage-dorn's ('37) father, a retired mechanicalengineer, to create him in wood. Mr.Hagedorn took up wood carving toavoid boredom in retirement. Helenteaches third grade in Chicago'sHenry Horner School.Chancellor Hutchins, has been electedvice president and dean of the facultiesof Emory University, Georgia. Dr. Colwell received his A.B. and B.D. fromEmory.Hyde Park redevelopmentXHE 47-ACRE Hyde Park Redevelopment plan sponsored by the South EastChicago Commission (See October, 1954Magazine) was finally approved by theChicago city council just before the newyear.Acquisition of property to be condemned should start before spring to befollowed by 545 modern apartmentbuildings and 258 row houses, a newshopping center, off-street parking andrecreational areas.A long distance callSaid delvy t. walton, jd '24, LosAngeles attorney, over an A. T. & T. longline to Chicago: "Rush current information about the University to me. Thescholarship society of Manual Arts HighSchool has asked me to talk about lifeat the University of Chicago next Thursday."The student society could have selecteda no more loyal and enthusiastic alumnusthan Delvy, who even has a Chicagosticker on his new Lincoln, regularlyparked at his home around the cornerfrom the campus of U.C.L.A. Those letters againEiARLE LUDGIN, famous letter-writing past chairman of the Alumni Foundation, had a heavy strain put on hismodesty at a recent meeting of collegealumni fund directors.His fame as a fund letter writer hadhit many a campus and he was appearing before these alumni directors bypopular request."Sincerity is the keynote," said Earle.So impressed were the directors that wehave since been flooded with requestsfor the sets of letters which helped Chicago establish a new gift record in 1954.The 8:30 mailWlTH THE ARRIVAL of the Januaryissue with its new format and the articlesof outstanding quality I was again besieged by Mrs. Wooding to communicatewith you about the outstanding qualitywhich she has observed over the years.So, this letter being written at the closeof 1954 is somewhat belated . . .I think, however, that you should knowthat you are being complimented becauseMrs. Wooding has a Master's degree inEnglish from the University of Wisconsin. She did her undergraduate workat Indiana University, where she wasa member of Phi Beta Kappa, so hercomments are perhaps worthy of a littlemore attention than if they came fromme.However, I don't want you to feel thatI have been insensitive to the qualityof the intellectual food to which I havebeen exposed. Down on my level I, too,have sensed that you and your staff havebeen doing an extraordinarily fine job.For what it may be worth, I am happyto lean out of my west office window andstretch an arm in the direction of yourshoulder blades.J. E. Wooding '22, President,A.B.C. Coach LinesFort Wayne, IndianaMay I congratulate you on the distinguished tone of the magazine.Mrs. Sherwood AndersonNew York, N. Y.Could I possibly secure an 8x10 printof the wonderful portrait of SewellWright that appears on Page 4 of theJanuary issue?As a one-time student of Dr. WrightsI would like very much to have thispicture for hanging in my office . . .Garrett Hardin '36Biology DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaSanta Barbara, Calif.Order from Stephen Lewellyn, 8229Cottage Grove Avenue, Chicago, Illinois.Total cost: $5 per print. Editor.H. W. M.FEBRUARY, 1955 1GENERAL ELECTRIC EDUCATIONAL AND CHARITABLE FUND OFFERS:A new way of giving collegesthe financial help they needSS1»*^PrVVfOTH1 OUBCK OV SCHtKECTA»V,X.V. ^'« Alma Mater ...D9 55 no.«$1QQOQO-503»DCTEEN>*"' . -^>'VX /Isitrio- When an employee gives to his college,his gift is hacked up with a second check.For more information on the Programwrite to: General Electric Educationaland Charitahle Fund, DepartmentCB-2-123, Schenectady, N. Y. IThe G-E Educational Fund announces aplan to match an employee's gifts to hiscollege, up to $1000 in one year.One out of every two colleges and universities in theU.S. is today operating in the red, and rapidly increasing enrollments mean they face a mountingdeficit every year.To American industry, which depends on healthyschools for its trained man power, the question is,"How can we help— and encourage others to help?"A "Corporate Alumnus Program" is now announced for 1955 by the Trustees of the General Electric Educational and Charitable Fund. Here is howthe plan works :For every gift made by a G-E employee to anaccredited four-year U.S. college or university at which he has earned a degree, the Fund will makea gift to the same school. Within the limits of theplan, it is the intent to match each employee's contributions, up to $1000 in one year, on a dollar-for-dollar basis. This is in addition to the scholarships,fellowships and grants-in-aid provided by the Fund.The Corporate Alumnus Program will not itselflift the colleges' dollar burden, but it will be a goodstart in stimulating increased alumni and industrysupport— and, as we see it, a good example of progress in the American way.Tfogress Is Our Most Important ProductGENERAL^ ELECTRIC2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJn ZJkU J**ueSTANDING ROOM only prevailed, asusual, when famed historian Arnold J.Toynbee spoke in Mandel Hall recently.For the many of you who could not behere and whom we thought might find itinteresting, we are bringing you the textof his remarks, on Page 5.Mr. Toynbee came to the Universityunder the auspices of the Committee onSocial Thought, headed by ProfessorJohn U. Nef. The committee, from timeto time, brings many notable scholars tocampus. Despite the arduous demands ofa speaking tour throughout the country,Mr. Toynbee seemed to be bearing upextremely well. When our photographercaught up with him in the QuadrangleClub, he posed most cheerfully. (SeePage 4.)OOW WOULD YOU like to pick upa copy of Izvestia and find you werebeing accused of espionage?Robert Piatt, Professor and Chairmanof the Geography Department, finds himself in practically that state. Along withthree other faculty members he's beenthe target of attack in the Soviet press.For details, read Georg Mann's articleon Page 10.NiIAME CALLING is not restricted tothe Soviets. In fact, the Chicago CityCouncil does pretty well at it. One oftheir favorite targets since he won a seaton the council in 1947 has been RobertE. Merriam, AM '40.In spite of them, it's getting to be ahabit for Chicago to have a Merriam running for office. Young Bob is making atry for the mayor's seat, and you'll findsome interesting facts about him onPage 12.RiLIGHT IN BACK of that, on Page 15,you can read about three of those seeking to replace him in the city council.WiHEN A STUDENT committee appeared before Dean Strozier to protestthe cleaning of Commons, saying Chicagowas following an Oxford tradition inkeeping the dining hall unwashed, thedean was firm and disillusioning. Oxford,he declared, doesn't wash its Commonsbecause it can't afford to. For the outcome of the argument, see Page 16.W*E HAVE SELECTED excerpts fromthe three talks given by Enrico Fermi'sfriends at a memorial service held in hishonor at Rockefeller Chapel, and bringthem to you on Page 19. y^^^^, S ^ UNIVERSITYLfccaqoMAGAZINE i) FEBRUARY, 1955Volume 47, Number 5FEATURES51012151619 World Unity and World HistoryAcademic Discussion — Soviet StyleA Merriam for Mayor?Seven-Way ScrambleCommons' Face WashEnrico Fermi — A Memorial Arnold J. ToynbeeGeorg MannAllison, Segre, AndersonDEPARTMENTSI3232640COVER Memo PadIn This IssueBooks — Readers GuideClass NewsMemorialsRockefeller Chapel at night with the new permanent floodlightson. They help emphasize John D. Rockefeller's intention that theUniversity "be dominated by the spirit of religion." (Photo byChicago Architectural Photo Co.)THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisExecutive EditorEditorManaging EditorAdvertising ManagerStaff PhotographerFoundation SecretaryField Secretary HOWARD W. MORTFELICIA ANTHENELLIAUDREY NEFF PROBSTSHELDON W. SAMUELSSTEPHEN LEWELLYNWILLIAM H. SWANBERGDEAN TYLER JENKSPublished monthly, October through June, by The University of Chicago Alumni Association,5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois. Annual subscription price, $4.00. Single copies,25 cents. Entered as second class matter December I, 1934, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois,under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising agent: The American Alumni Council, B. A. Ross,director, 22 Washington Square, New York, N. Y.FEBRUARY, 1955 3Needed — A New View of HistoryWorld Unityand World HistoryBy Arnold J. Toynbee1 HIS SUBJECT, "World Unity andWorld History," I suggested because itseems to me that in our generationit's just becoming possible to studythe history of the human race as aunity. Of course, this isn't a newidea because for the last 2,000 or2,500 years, the higher religions havebeen putting before us a panoramicview of human affairs as a whole, apanoramic view which is incidentalto a much wider view of human affairsagainst the setting of God and Eternity.This picture of human affairs on themove between the Creation and thelast things, you get it already in theprophets of Israel, and you get it inthe Persian prophet Zarathustra, andin the Israelite and Christian traditionin St. Paul's speech on the Areopagusto the Athenians, in the 17th chapterof Acts, Verse 26, "God hath made ofone blood all the nations of men, todwell on all the face of the earth, andhath determined the times before appointed and the bounds of theirhabitation."Now according to the Acts — I suppose it's authentic because its ratherunsatisfactory from the point of viewof the Christian missionary « — theAthenians seem not to have paid veryLewellynArnold J. ToynbeeFEBRUARY, 1955 much attention to what St. Paul wassaying to them. Perhaps they oughtto have paid attention, for, after all,St. Paul was speaking to them withinthe first century of the existence ofthe Roman Empire, and think whatthe political expression of world unitymeant to the Athenians in St. Paul'sday. After all, it had saved theGraeco-Roman world from self-destruction through disunity and strife.And like all other so-called worldempires which declined, the previousPersian Empire and the contemporaryChinese Empire at the other end ofthe old world, the Roman Empire wasan anticipation of a coming worldcommunity.These former so-called world communities, of course, only covered,each of them, a very small piece ofthe habitable surface of the planet.The Roman Empire and the ChineseEmpire existed side by side for several centuries in the world, hardlybrushing against each other with thetips of their antennae and each feelingitself to be the whole world. However,they were important and illuminatingfor the future — for the time we aremoving into — because they had thefeeling of being a world community.So the idea of world unity isn't new.Perhaps it is only in our time, thatnow we are beginning to be able tofill in the picture that St. Paul drew.And this new practical possibility of studying human affairs as a wholehas, I suppose, been created by modern Western students and researchers.There are the Orientalists who haveexplored the living non- western civilizations. Then there are the anthropologists who have explored the livingprimitive societies, and the archaeologists who have increased our knowledge of still-remembered, never-forgotten extinct civilizations, but whohave also brought to light a number— perhaps a half dozen — of extinctcivilizations that had been quite forgotten until they were dug up by thearchaeologist's spade. Then, behindthe archaeologists who have coveredthe very few thousand years, perhapsfive thousand years, during whichsuch things as civilizations have existed, there are the pre-historians whohave carried our knowledge of humanhistory back behind those five thousand or six thousand years of thecivilizations to the six hundred thousand or one million years of pre-civilized human life on earth.Having been given this new opportunity to study human affairs as awhole, we're certainly going to takeour opportunity in any case, becausethe human mind has an irrepressiblecuriosity to increase its knowledgeand to explore new avenues of knowledge that open out to it. But, thoughwe have this dis-interested intellectual curiosity, it is being stimulated,of course, in our time, by an urgentpractical need, and we all know whatthat need is. This new need is beingcreated by the same Western energythat has created the new opportunity;for, while Western scholarship hasbeen discovering for us the unity ofhuman history, Western technologyhas made it necessary for all nationsof men to dwell on all the face of theearth as a single family, becauseWestern technology has done twothings simultaneously which, together,are very formidable, as we know.Wipes out distanceFor one thing, it has annihilateddistance, a figurative expression but avery good idea of what has happened.Think what happened in the secondWorld War in the Pacific. Down tothe Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor,the Pacific, though it had for severalcenturies been traversed for mercantile and economic purposes by Western ships, had for military purposesbeen an area of ocean too vast forpeople to carry on their naval operations from one side to the other.I think it is evident that the Japanese, when they made their swoopon Pearl Harbor, took it for grantedthat the American Navy — especiallyafter it had been temporarily put outof action at Pearl Harbor — couldn'toperate right across the Pacific againstJapan from the Pacific Coast of NorthAmerica . . .That changed the real shape of theworld from the strategic point ofview, because, for strategic purposes,down to that date, the world had notyet become round. It had still beenthat oblong shape, like a postcard,which had been its shape in the mindsof the ancient geographers before theearth was ever circumnavigated.Until the naval operations in thePacific in the second World War, theearth was, for practical purposes, oblong, with, for naval purposes, a breakin the Pacific. The line of communications was cut there. Since the bridging of the Pacific for naval operations,the strategic map of the world hasbecome round, so that in any futurewar each belligerent (there wouldprobably be only two groups of belligerents) would fight all the time ontwo fronts. While it encircled its adversary, it would itself be encircled,and, I imagine, since the war, aircrafthave been in the process of discovering how to carry on air operationsover the North Pole. So probably, ina third world war, if there were to beone, each belligerent would find itselffighting on three fronts; a front, a rear, and a North Pole flank, leavingno part of the world, no nook orcranny, secure against annihilatingattack. So the world has changed itsshape for military purposes.That's formidable in itself. It becomes still more formidable becausethe technology which, in this sense,has annihilated distance for militaryas well as economic purposes has atthe same time armed us all with quiteunprecedentedly deadly weapons. Thenature of war, the presuppositions ofwar, seem to have been changed because, I suppose, the presuppositionof war up to the invention of atomicweapons was that a soldier, by risking,and, if need be, by sacrificing, his life,could protect his country from attackand devastation and conquest.Another presupposition was thatthere was a difference between beingon the victorious side and being onthe defeated side. It was decidedlybetter to be on the victorious side.Now it looks as if, with the new weapons, the same pressing of a buttonwhich released the same bomb wouldwipe out, say, the three hundredSpartans at Thermopylae and Spartaherself, which they were going to givetheir lives to defend. And the positionof the nominal victor would be hardlydistinguishable from the position ofthe nominally defeated party. Allparties would be defeated. The wholeof mankind would be defeated, andthe whole habitable surface of theearth would be devastated.An extreme choiceSo, as a result of what Westerntechnology has done to the world byannihilating distance and giving usthose terrible weapons, we are nowfaced with the extreme choice, thechoice that I think has never confronted the human race before, between learning to live together as onefamily and destroying one another.It's such an extreme choice that itseems almost melodramatic to say it,and yet I believe that that is thechoice with which we are confrontedtoday.How to live together as one familyis, as we feel, going to be very difficult, because we have to learn toget over local differences in traditionsand in habits that have become ingrained in the course of hundreds andthousands of years of local isolation.And we have to make this great psychological revolution against time. Wehave had plenty of time to growapart from each other. We have hadhundreds and thousands of years. We have a very short number of years,if we are to avoid catastrophe, inwhich to grow together close enoughto save ourselves from destroying oneanother and, in the process, destroyingourselves. So we have no time to losein growing together.Needed — a revolutionIn the making of this great necessary psychological revolution, ofcourse, we need the cooperation ofpeople in all walks of life. If wesucceed in it, it will be the jointsuccess — the endeavor — of the wholeof society. But here I think historians, or people with an interest inhistory, perhaps have a special partto play, because one of the effectiveways, perhaps, of helping the differentpeoples of mankind to grow togetherinto a single family is to help them toknow and understand and appreciateone another's histories and to learn tosee these local and transitory historiesas parts of the one continuing historyof the human race as a whole.After all, life, human life anyway,is not ever lived just in the presentmoment. We live in the past and thefuture as well as in the present.Thinking of our personal relations,one knows that one can't understanda person, get in touch with a person,feel mutual confidence with somebody,unless one knows something of theirpast personal history as well as justthe present encounter we have withthem. And so it is with differentpeoples of the world. Unless we canlearn how to know and appreciateand value one another's past — different as past traditions are — it will behard for us to learn to live together,as we now must, as a single family.This new unitary view of historyhas to be pioneered, I think, by Western historians, because it is Westernscholarship, so far, that has made thisnew unitary view possible. Of course,the new sense of unity is a commonpossession for the whole of mankind.But it's perhaps a Western gift tomankind. It's the fruit of Western intellectual work recorded in five or sixWestern languages that have becomethe common means of communicationsfor the world as a whole. So here isa job that has to be done by ourWestern historians. We can see theneed for it and we know that wecommand the means for doing it.But besides these two things, a thirdthing is, I'm sure, necessary. Thisthird thing is the right spirit, the rightoutlook. We have to be world-minded,ecumenical-minded, for unfortunatelywe 20th-century Western historians6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEare less world-minded than our 17th-century and our 4th-Century Christian predecessors were. The traditional Western view of history was,of course, the Jewish and Christianview of it as a series of encountersbetween man and God, encountersthat ran from the Creation throughthe Fall and the Redemption to theLast Judgment.Greek and Roman history was originally a separate thing, but that wasgrafted onto this pattern of Biblehistory by Ensebius in the third century after Christ, and, for thirteenhundred years down to the FrenchCatholic historian, Bossuet, at the endof the 17th century, inclusive, Western historians saw history in thisEnsebian — what shall I call it —Graeco-Jewish pattern.A negative pointThis traditional Christian Westernview of history had, I would say, several strong points. First, it saw history as a unit — something we certainly need now here in our day,though we have temporarily lost it.Secondly, in concentrating on the history of the Jews, the Greeks, and theRomans, this Christian view of history was concentrating on an historical heritage which was not peculiar to the West but which wasshared by Western Christendom, notwith the whole of the rest of theworld, but with at least half of it.It was shared by Western Christendom with Eastern Christendom, andalso with Islam, which, like Christianity, goes back to Jewish origins.The Islamic picture of history giveshistory a setting in theology which isobviously the same as the Christianand the Jewish in fundamentals.But perhaps the strongest point ofall in the traditional Christian Western view of history is a negative one.This was not a self-centered view.It did not find the culmination and thecrown of all the history of all mankind in the latest phase of the localhistory of one's own particular fraction of mankind. But during the last250 years we Western historians havemade a very drastic revolution in ourhistorical outlook. We have discardedfrom the early 18th century onwardsthe traditional Christian view of history, which sees the culmination pointof history in the present state of ourown local Western community — theUnited States or France or Britain orNicaragua or Luxembourg, or wherever it happens to be. We ourselves,here and now at this present moment,are in our own eyes the chosen people.FEBRUARY, 1955 Of course, this self-centered viewof history isn't peculiar to us in theWest, because self-centeredness is, aswe know, the original sin in humannature, and all human beings are subject to it, except insofar as they manage to free themselves from it with thehelp of some higher religion. No doubtAbyssinian Christians see history culminating in contemporary AbyssinianChristendom, and Muslims see it culminating in contemporary Islam, andthe Zionist sees it culminating in thepost-war state of Israel, and so on.So, in reverting to this tribal view ofhistory we Westerners have perhapsnot been specially perverse.At the same time the effects of ourgoing back to the tribal outlook areperhaps particularly serious. Theyare particularly serious because theWest does have a special responsibility in our time for the world as awhole. It is true that the world ischanging; the extraordinary and quiteexceptional absolute predominance ofthe Western peoples in the worldduring the last few centuries is visiblyebbing away, and the world is returning to a norm in which the West willhave its just place, but no more thanits just place, in the world. But weWesterners have been dominant inthe world for the last four or five centuries. We, more than any of ourcontemporaries, have made the worldwhat it is today. And so the responsibility for saving mankind from disaster does rest, I believe, mainly onToynbee with his host, our Western shoulders.Now the self- centered view of history which sees history as all leadingup to one's own tribe here and nowis like a magnet pulling history out ofshape. The modern West has beenunusually powerful and energetic, andso the magnetic distortion of historyhas been, perhaps, unusually strong.We have to correct this distortion inour own minds if we are to be ableto help our non-Western contemporaries to see history straight. Ourmodern Western distortion of theshape of history in order to make history lead up to our Western selves,has, I think, already become sofamiliar that we have become unconscious that it is a distortion at all.We are apt just to take it for grantedas being the pattern of history, theunquestionable shape that history has.Indeed, we don't even admit that it isa pattern imposed by us. We thinkof it as being the objective shape ofhistory as any historian is bound tosee it if he uses his eyes. But this is,I am sure, a Western illusion.Let me remind you of what themodern Western pattern of history is.We make quite a good start in prehistory by taking a world-wide view.Fossil man is so rare and precious thatwe welcome fossil man wherever wefind him, in Peking, or in Java, aswell as in the Neanderthal valley inGermany. Anyway, fossil man doesn'thave to be Western in order to beadmitted to our Western Club. Wetake him where we find him.Professor John U. Nef.LewellynAnd then we take quite a goodsecond step in our Western build-upof history, by studying the rise ofcivilization in Egypt and in Babylonia,because those do seem to be the twoplaces where civilization did arisefirst.The third step is perhaps morequestionable. When we reach the lastthousand years B.C. we tend to discard Egypt and Babylonia; they somehow fade out of the picture and become part of the fauna and florarather than the human foreground.And at this point we deflect our attention, deflect the stream of humanhistory, from Egypt to Babylonia toPalestine and Greece. And perhapsthis is all right as far as it goes. Butwhy do we turn to Palestine andGreece only, because, in that verysame millenium, wasn't somethinghappening in India and wasn't something happening in China? Didn'tIndia and China in fact come to thefront about the same time as Palestineand Greece? Why do we leave outBuddha, who was the founder of thereligion of about half of the presentworld, and why do we leave out Confucius, who is the philosophic fatherof a Chinese state which has lasted,off and on, for more than two thousand years and which today containssomething between a fifth and a quarter of the whole living generation ofthe human race.CanH ignore BuddhaI think no objective student of history would dream of ignoring Confucius and the Buddha and the civilizations out of which they sprang. Andwe know very well the reason whywe modern Western historians, whilepaying great attention to Palestineand Greece, on the whole ignore Indiaand China. I think it is simply thatIndia and China do not lie directly onthe road from Babylonia and Egyptto Western Europe and the Americas,whereas Palestine and Greece do lieon that road. So here is one point atwhich our Western magnet does, Ithink, gravely distort the shape of history. It makes it rather lopsided whenit branches out from Egypt and Babylonia. It would be natural to branchout in both directions, certainly to payattention to Palestine and Greece, butto pay equal attention to India andChina.And the fourth step, I think, isreally rather a fantastic one, because,when we reach the 5th century of theChristian era, we discard Palestineand Greece. In turn they fade away into the background of flora andfauna, and at this point we deflect thestream of history to Western Europe.That's a very strange thing to do inthe 5th century of the Christian era.We concentrate our attention onWestern Europe at the very momentwhen this semi- civilized, colonial annex of the civilized world is relapsinginto barbarism, and we choose to ignore Greece and Palestine in the 5thCentury of the Christian era, at a timewhen civilization is still maintainingitself in the Levant uninjured by thecollapse of the colonial annex of theheart of civilization — the colonial annex in the Western Mediterraneanand in Western Europe. I think thatit is obvious that in the 5th centuryof the Christian era, more than ever,the main stream of history runsthrough Greece, Palestine, Egypt,Babylonia, India and China.Distorting maneuversNow to my mind, this series of moreand more distorting maneuvers, in theprocess of which we make the wholehistory of mankind lead up to thepresent West, suggests that it is timefor us Western historians to makeanother revolutionary change in ouroutlook. We made one very revolutionary one in the generation afterBishop Boussuet, when we took tousing the modern West as a magnetfor the whole of history with the distorting effects on the pattern of history which I have outlined. At thistime we discarded the traditionalChristian pattern of history.Suppose we were now to give upusing the modern West as a magnetand — to take a different simile — wereto use the modern West as a kind of"lasso" instead. Won't this give usa more objective view of history?After all, the West within the lastfour or five hundred years has lassoed,one after another, all of the contemporary living non- Western civilizations and primitive societies until,today, the whole of mankind has beenroped in and rounded up into a Western fold.Suppose we were to try to get ridof the tribal view of history leadingup to a Western culmination point,and were to credit the modern Westwith what it is entitled to be creditedwith — that is, simply with having performed a useful humble service tomankind by providing mankind witha framework for beginning to live atlast as a single family — because, if thehuman race does succeed in living asa single family, it will start life, though it will not end its life, within aWestern framework built up withinthe last 200 years.We might make a new approach tohistory by concentrating on the encounters that the living non-Westernsocieties have had during the last fewcenturies with the modern West. Wemight study the differences in theirreactions to the impact of the West.We might try to see how far we canaccount for these differences in theirreactions to the West by studying thedifferences in their previous historiesbefore they met the West. Herewould be a framework into which wecould fit all the histories of all thecivilizations without those distortionsthat we have to make if we are tomake all history lead up to the modern West alone, brushing aside themajority of the human race.If we took the encounters betweenthe different societies as the centraltheme of history, I think this wouldhave several advantages. One advantage is that it's a key to the understanding of contemporary history, because perhaps the biggest thing thatis happening in the world today is thisshock of the encounters, not just ofthe West with all the others, but alsoof the others with one another, Russiawith China, China with India, Indiawith Africa, and so on. The age inwhich we are living is one in whichmany civilizations which previouslylived apart are suddenly beingbrought into close quarters with oneanother, into dynamic relations withone another.Past encountersThen, again, this theme of encounters is the key to an understandingof the living higher religions, whichperhaps have only just begun to playtheir part in human affairs, because,if one looks at the origins of the livinghigher religions within the last twoor three thousand years, one finds thatall of them arose in the past out ofsuch encounters between differentcivilizations. Christianity arose out ofthe encounter between the Greekcivilization and that of Palestine andSyria. I think Buddhism in a way —the northern form of Buddhism anyway — arose out of an encounter of theGreek civilization with the civilization of India.Then perhaps, if we concentrateattention upon encounters betweencultures, it would help us to correctour present tendency to give such excessive weight to official documentsas sources of historical information.8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEWe have such a wealth of officialdocuments. We are dazzled by it, andwe tend to exaggerate the importanceof official documents in human life asa whole. Of course, they are one ofthe sources for studying encounters aswell as anything else. The archives ofPeter the Great or Muhammad Ali orthe Meiji Era in Japan are of primeimportance for studying encounters.A many-mansioned houseBut many other kinds of sourceshave also to be taken into account inthe study of encounters between different cultures — things like literature,religion, philosophy, psychology giveus a more all-around view of historythan the rather one-sided politico -diplomatic view which we get byconfining our attention too much toofficial documents.So the approach to history by wayof the encounters between civilizations will perhaps give us the all-around view of human affairs whichis one of our most pressing needstoday. This means, as I have suggested, the giving up of the single-track patterns of history, the patternleading up to one chosen people, onechosen civilization, one chosen religion. It means substituting for this acomparative approach to history inwhich we study all the civilizationsside by side and all the religions sideby side without singling out any oneof them as being unique or intrinsically superior.Perhaps we have to think of historyas a house of many mansions in whichthere is room for all members of ourhuman family. This would, of course,be a great revolution in our historicaloutlook, as great a revolution as when,at the end of the 17th century, Westernhistorians threw over the traditionalChristian pattern of history. After all,it is only to be expected that historians should have to be constantlychanging their standpoint. Humanstudents of history, like human students of astronomy, aren't able to taketheir stand at any fixed point outsidethe moving world which they are trying to observe. We ourselves are inside this moving world, and the pointfrom which we are taking observations is itself always in motion . . .That's why, incidentally, during thelast few hundred years of Westernhistory, each generation of Westernhistorians has written its own newhistory of, for example, the Greeksand Romans. It isn't that the historyof the Greeks and Romans itself has changed. It is the same Graeco -Romanhistory, but different aspects arestressed when it is observed fromsuccessive points along the course ofour Western history.Now in our lifetime our world hasundergone greater changes than perhaps at any time since the secularization of our Western civilization towardthe end of the 17th century. It wouldbe a bit strange if we didn't find ourselves having to make correspondingchanges in our retrospective view ofhistory in general. What have beenthe main changes in our world in ourtime? I would like to try to sum themup. First, I'd say that, from 1683, thedate of the failure of the secondTurkish seige of Vienna, down to1914, the date of the outbreak of thefirst fratricidal war between the peoples of the West, the West enjoyedan irresistable ascendancy over therest of the world. In our time thisascendancy is being seriously and rather wholesomely challenged. Thenagain, before 1914, the non- Westernthree-quarters of the human race werethought of by us in the West as natives who didn't count.Take China seriouslyNow today this majority of thehuman race has compelled us Westerners to begin to take them seriously.We now have to reckon with themas our fellow citizens in a world-widesociety. Its sad that they have compelled us to take them seriously bylearning how to use our weapons andmaking us feel it is very hard to fightthem. The Chinese were never takenseriously until we found them veryformidable opponents in a war. Theyare determined to be taken seriously,and they ought to be taken seriously.It is the same with all the non-Western peoples. They are learning to acquire our Western technology, and,with it, they are acquiring the powerto make themselves felt once again inthe world and to compel us, veryrightly, to pay attention to them.Then again, before 1914, the significant divisions in our world were thedomestic divisions between the different nations — Swedes, French, andAmericans and the rest — inside ourWestern community. Today these internal Western national divisions ofours are insignificant by comparisonwith the cultural civilization, nowrather on the defensive, and the othercontemporary societies which are oncemore coming into their own.Now great changes in the world in which we live ought, I'm sure to bereflected in corresponding changes inour approach to history. During thelast age of Western historical studies,the main units of study with whichWestern historians operated werethese Western national states, theirdomestic histories, and their international relations with one another.A new viewToday, the main units, I would suggest, ought to be, not the nations ofthe West, but the civilizations and thereligions of the world. We oughtgreatly to expand and enlarge ourviews in terms of larger units. Andin studying civilizations and religions,their domestic histories and their encounters with one another, we shallfind, I believe, that political and economic history becomes relatively lessimportant and cultural and psychological history more important.Now that the whole world, not justthe West, is going to be the field ofhistorical study, the work of theorientalists and the anthropologists,which used to be on the margin ofhistory, is beginning to take a centralplace, and, conversely, the study ofthe archives of Western governmentsand of Western business concerns becomes relatively less important nowthat the Western world has ceased tobe the whole of the Western historians' field of study and has shrunkinto being no more than a part, andnot even a major part, of the wholeworld.This is, of course, just one sketchamong many possible alternativesketches for a new way of looking athistory to meet the needs of the newworld into which we are now moving.I believe every historian does havein his mind some general view ofhistory, even if he is not consciousof having one. If he is not consciousof it, the chances are that it will bea rather archaic view, because hewon't have brought it to the surfaceand criticized and changed it. Andthe chances are that it will also behaving a great influence on his thinking, just because he is not aware ofit, and therefore, is not on his guardagainst it. It is better, I would say,to be constantly bringing one's generalview up into the light of consciousness, to be always overhauling it, andto be always changing it when changesare necessary. I myself believe, asyou have seen, that great changes inour general view of history are necessary today.FEBRUARY, 1955 9Academic Discussion -Soviet StyleBy Georg MannPiatt's research is ^bourgeois geography in the serviceof American imperialism/9 soviet writers declare.T ACULTY MEMBERS at the University are used to the free and incisive criticism of their academic colleagues. Only through criticism canknowledge advance. In recent years,however, at least four faculty members in widely varying fields havebeen exposed to academic discussionas it is conducted in the Soviet Union.The four who have been singledout for bitter attacks in several Sovietjournals are George W. Wheland,Professor of Chemistry; Robert Piatt,Professor and Chairman, Departmentof Geography; Nicolas Rashevsky,Professor and Chairman, Committeeon Mathematical Biology; and SverrePettersen, Professor of Meteorology.While the subjects of the attack areaccused of a wide variety of intellectual crimes ranging from "mechanism"to idealism, there are certain points incommon in the attacks. Two Chicagoprofessors are accused of cosmopolitanism — a crime in the Soviet Unionof somewhat hazy dimensions.Two of the attacks stem directlyfrom Soviet pirating of books writtenby Chicago scientists and published inRussia without so much as a by-your-leave.Two of the professors are accusedof the great crime of ignoring fundamental Russian contributions to thefield under discussion. And nearly allof the denunciations are marked bythe mechanical vituperativeness thatmarks Soviet controversy.The attacks range from the highlytheoretical field of chemical resonanceto the implied accusation that Ameri can geography is engaged in espionage.The attack on the chemical theoryof resonance involves Professor Wheland, who is criticized along with Cal-Tech chemist, Linus Pauling, whoseformer student he was. The basis ofthe attack is that in developing hisconcept of resonance (which appliesto the nature of the chemical bond),Wheland adopted the philosophicalposition of the Austrian physicist,Ernst Mach. Mach himself was bitterly attacked by Lenin before WorldWar I.Wheland's book, The Theory ofResonance, was published in Russiain 1948 without permission. One mainpoint of the denunciation of Wheland,"a loyal servant of the reactionarybourgeoisie," is that he "openlypreaches a Machistic thesis of thespeculativeness of physical theory."Furthermore, he does not mentionwith praise the major contributionsof Soviet scientists and commits amajor heresy in citing works by scientists who fled the Soviet Union.Villain and heroThe denunciation of Wheland, incidentally, falls extremely hard on theunhappy Soviet scientists, Syrkin andDyatkina, responsible for the translation of his book. Of Syrkin, it is saidthat he "does not say a word aboutthe fact that Wheland is a Machist inscience nor does he disclose the Machistic methodological premises supporting the pseudo- scientific theory of resonance, which are so clearly formulated by Wheland in his book . . .Wheland, although suppressing Sovietscientific papers and completely ignoring the chemical structure of A. M.Butlerov, and distorting the historyof the development of organic chemistry, is exalted by Professor Syrkin."Other aspects of their villain andhero which the Soviets ignore, ofcourse, reveal that actually Mach isthe man who carried out the firstexperiments to see what happenswhen an object moves faster thansound, and the Mach numbers, whichare so important for supersonic flight,are named for him. Butlerov, on theother hand, in his non-chemical moments, was a convinced and practicingspiritualist.The actual case seems to be that theSoviets have deliberately adopted awidespread misunderstanding whichfalsifies Wheland's and Pauling'stheory and then systematically havedemolished the caricature. It may bethat Soviet attack on the resonancetheory, as on so many other Westerntheories, may hamper their ownscientific development.More political is the attack on Mr.Piatt of the geography department.Piatt is one of the two former presidents of the Association of AmericanGeographers attacked in an articlecalled "Bourgeois Geography in theService of American Imperialism."Piatt, a "militant reactionary, demonstrates the complete helplessness andimpotence of contemporary science in10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINELewellyn Chase John P. de CampThree whom the Soviets criticized, (I. to r.) Robert Piatt, Sverre Petterssen, and George Wheland.the establishment of the inherent relations between phenomena and theircauses."Because Piatt wisely does not takein too much territory for the stillburgeoning science of geography, heis accused of being antiscientific;moreover, his ideas "correspond tothe propaganda of the expansionistaims of American imperialism." Because Piatt points out the importantrole geography has played in cooperation with the government, he isfurther denounced. "In its servitudeto Wall Street, American geographynot only supplies American imperialism with theoretical weapons for theiraggressive aims but also gives practical assistance in preparations formilitary aggression by drawing upmaps of future military battlefields."Piatt is further attacked for suggesting that the future of geographywill be served by further exploration— which to suspicious Russian earscomes out unalloyed espionage. Insumming up Piatt's temperate viewsabout the future of geography, theSoviets are unable to forego a digat America in general. They point outthat "American geographers are completely 'worthy' valets of monopolisticcapital and have mastered well thephilosophy of the American way oflife' in the pragmatic style of JohnDewey, that mouthpiece of businessand imperialism."If Wheland is idealistic to Sovieteyes, Nicolas Rashevsky is an out-and-out mechanist. Mechanism andidealism work hand in hand, B. E.Bykhovsky points out in Science and Life (a kind of Soviet equivalent ofour own Scientific American), "fordistorting scientific theories and forthe defense of imperialism."Rashevsky has pioneered in attempting to apply mathematical formulas to the better understanding ofbiological and social phenomena. TheSoviet attack on Rashevsky (unlikethe attack on Wheland, which occasionally argues on the basis of scientific evidence) is straightforwardname-calling.Mum bo-jum boCharacteristic samples include:"The very nonsensical interweavingof different sciences in the titles of hisworks shows up with whom we aredealing. An acquaintance with all thispseudo-scientific mumbo-jumbo doesnot leave a particle of doubt thatthere is not a grain of real science inthese 'works' . . ."The voluminous tracts of ProfessorRashevsky," the report charges,"serve one purpose, namely, to confuse Chicago students. The practicalpurpose of all this 'science' is to usethe smoke screen of equations in orderto bar the way to the investigation ofthe objective laws of nature and society in their qualitative diversity."And in summing up the commentson Rashevsky and a group of otherscientists attacked for similar "mechanism," Bykhovsky says, "Each ofthem has poured his dose of poisoninto the spiritual dope being concoctedby the ideologists of imperialism." The fourth Chicago professer attacked — and this in no less than thecolumns of Izvestia, is Sverre Petterssen, of the Department of Meteorology. He was denounced for atranslation of his Introduction to Meteorology, pirated by the Soviets in1947.Izvestia pointed out, in admonishingthe unhappy translators of Petterssen's book, that there was no need totranslate Western scientific books,since Soviet science was more thanadequate. Furthermore, there was nopreface to the work by the translators, so the charges ran, pointingout the ideological pitfalls in thework. Science, after all, could notexist except in a political framework,and this was obviously lacking in thisedition of the work.There was objection to the fact thatno Russians were mentioned for theiroutstanding contributions to meteorology. (Few meteorologists were mentioned at all; this was an elementarytextbook rather than a citation ofsources and papers.)And the crowning indictment wasthat which might have been placedagainst a Sears, Roebuck catalogue.The translators had taken over illustrations as well as text — and theweather instruments shown were alltoo plainly labeled with the name ofJ. P. Friez & Sons Instrument Company. This meant, according to Izvestia, that Petterssen was simply thepaid propagandist, in meteorology, forthe instruments made by a foreign instrument company!FEBRUARY, 1955 11Charles E. tried twice and failed. Now youngBob is giving it a try. Will Chicago yet haveAM em am rorf, Mayor?J\ COUPLE of years ago, a busloadof Chicago aldermen, touring the cityto examine possible sites for publichousing projects, passed the Midway."A perfect spot for a housing project," exulted one alderman. "Let'sput all the public housing projectsin the Fifth Ward."The alderman was joking but thegibe had bitter undertones, aimed atFifth Ward Alderman Robert E. Merriam, AM '40.Elected to the City Council in 1947at the age of 27 on the Democraticticket, this young newcomer wasproving to be a thorn in the side ofhis fellow aldermen. He was not content to sit on the sidelines and fromthe start took an active part in thecouncil's affairs. As is often the case,older, more experienced politicianslooked on his youthful enthusiasmwith a jaundiced eye. They met hissuggestions for economy cuts, morepublic housing, and crime investigations at first with derision and eventually with angry outcries and a seriesof roadblocks.They might have exhibited evengreater feelings of rage had they foreseen that he would emerge eight yearslater as top candidate for mayor onthe Republican ticket, offering theDemocrats some of the most formidable competition they have seen ina long time.The Democrats, disenchanted withMerriam during his first term in office,dropped him in 1951. The Fifth Wardpromptly sent him back to the CityCouncil as an independent.When asked why he has now abandoned his independent status to seekRepublican backing in the mayoral race, Merriam explains, "There isno tradition of an independent winning in any Chicago race." Politicalexperts agree with him; even withRepublican backing he'll have a toughtime ousting the strong Democraticmachine; as an independent they feelhe'd simply be crushed in the rush.He considers himself a "fusion" candidate, like the late Mayor FiorelloLa Guardia of New York, and hopesto rally independents, Republicansand disillusioned Democrats behindhim.Merriam is following a family tradition in seeking the mayor's seat.His father, the late Charles E. Merriam, Chairman of the Political Science Department at the Universityfrom 1923-40, ran twice for mayor ofChicago. In 1911 he won the Republican nomination in the primary, tolose the election to Mayor Carter Har-Father and Son rison by a narrow margin of 18,000votes. In 1919, he again sought theoffice, but was washed out in theprimaries.The elder Merriam was also fifthward alderman, as his son is now,and he campaigned actively for Theodore Roosevelt in the Bull Moosecampaign of 1912. He retained a livelyinterest in politics after his seconddefeat, and exerted a strong influencein the election of Anton J. Cermak asmayor in 1931.Although he was just an infant thesecond time his father ran for office,Merriam grew up in a householdwhere politics was the main interest."Father entered politics as a university professorpt a time when professors were, if possible, even moresuspect than today," he reminisces."Those were the days of the big liein politics — when Big Bill Thompsonsaid all his opponents were crooks andthe biggest crook of all was Merriam."He goes on to tell how the neophyteMerriam couldn't even get by theguard at the door at finance committeemeetings."But I'm an alderman," the youngprofessor protested."That don't make no difference," theguard pronounced as he clicked shutthe peek-hole in the door.This didn't stop the determinedyoung alderman from later makingtwo tries for mayor, and all the opposition he has met hasn't stopped theyounger Merriam, either.Robert E. Merriam earned his master's degree in public administrationat the University in 1940. While oncampus he was active in Psi Upsilon,and Owl & Serpent. He won an alumni12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcitation in 1953 for his outstandingwork in the community.Merriam entered the army as aprivate in 1940, and came out fouryears later as an officer and veteranof the Battle of the Bulge. He wrotea book about the famous battle, calledDark December, which has gonethrough three printings. He cherishesa letter addressed "Dear ColonelMerriam," written him after the bookwas published, praising it as "a remarkably accurate document," andsigned by Dwight D. Eisenhower.Since Merriam never rose above therank of major, he jokingly refers tothis as a "battlefield promotion."After the war, he served for a shorttime as head of Chicago's MetropolitanHousing Council, and in 1947 soughtand won the job of alderman. At 27he was Chicago's youngest alderman,occupying a job previously held bySenator Paul Douglas.Merriam never has been popularwith the majority of his fellow aldermen. He and several others comprisea small but vocal group known as theEconomy Bloc, which has fought persistently for dollar-saving cuts in thebudget.In 1951, after studying the citybudget for almost a year, he came up with 101 suggested cuts. All but two— one for $8, passed as a gag, andanother for a $2,000 decrease in Mer-riam's housing committee appropriation — were voted down by an annoyedmajority. A great many of his suggestions have since been adopted,however, and some $3 million dollarswaste in the budget had been cut by1953.In going through the budget Merriam discovered a $90,000 item whichprovided 24 chauffeurs for water meterinspectors. Upon inquiry, he was toldthe chauffeurs helped lift manhole lidsfor inspectors. Since three werewomen, Merriam asked if this werenot a violation of labor laws againstwomen. The women owned the cars,and their husbands acted as chauffeurs, was the indifferent reply. Besides, two of them were widows andmaybe they had sons in Korea, another city council member suggested.And to show Alderman Merriam howit felt about such questions, the council immediately voted the chauffeursa wage increase. (Commissioner ofPublic Works Oscar Hewitt later eliminated the jobs.)As head of the council's housingcommittee, Merriam has constantlyfought for public housing. He is an advocate of urban redevelopment, andfavors trying to save the city's middle-belt of half-decayed areas, to preventthem from becoming slums. He ishelping fight for Hyde Park's UrbanRedevelopment Project No. 1, (See theOctober Magazine).Merriam has gained a lot of attention as chairman of the Big Nine,officially known as the EmergencyCommittee on Crime, for which hehas been accused of being a headline-hunter. He ran afoul of the councilwhen he and his followers demandedthat the city police divulge theamount and sources of their income.The city's corporation counsel, JohnMortimer, backed up police whorefused to give such information.Merriam and his group fought it andthe issue went to the Illinois SupremeCourt. The court ruled that the BigNine could demand such information.But the attempt has again beenhamstrung. A resolution was introduced to restrain the committee fromasking for information on police incomes and then amended to permitthe corporation counsel to ask for it,but only when reasonable cause isshown.Merriam resigned from the chairmanship when he announced his can-Five-month-old Morna holds the attention of the Merriams, (I. to r.) Oliver, Bob, Marguerite and Aimee.LewellynFEBRUARY, 1955 13LewellynFather and son discuss model airplanes.didacy for mayor, feeling he did notwant to be accused of using the postfor political purposes.Merriam is unique as an aldermanin that he works full time at thejob. He supplements his alderman'spay — $5,000 a year — by writing, teaching and lecturing. His courses haveincluded a seminar on housing and redevelopment and four seminars onlocal and metropolitan housing at theUniversity, and a course on politicalparties at Northwestern University.He has written, in joint authorshipwith his father, a textbook on American government for first year collegestudents, called The American Government.When he was elected, Merriampromised Fifth Warders that he wouldalways be available to them for consultation on their problems. He hastried to keep the promise by maintaining a full-time office at 1463 E.57th Street. This office is supported bycontributions from his constituentsand is manned by two full-time staffmembers. Merriam himself holds forththere on Tuesday evenings and Saturday mornings. He has a six-man staff,five of whom are permitted by hiscity office and the other paid for byfunds contributed to a public collection. The office is a converted storefront, and contains two shabbycouches, some equally shabby desks,an old mirror and an American flag.Merriam has instituted a tradition of his own by holding an annualluncheon at which he reports directlyto his constituents. In 1954, more than400 turned out to hear the aldermangive his farewell report.Merriam's family lives a few blocksaway from the office at 5726 S. Dorchester. Mrs. Merriam has two children by a previous marriage, Aimee,13, and Oliver, 11, and Merriam is adevoted father to them. He and Olivercan be seen on summer evenings taking a swim off the 57th Street Promontory. The Merriams' first child,Morna, is five months old, just aboutthe age Merriam was when his fatherran for mayor. /Mrs. Merriam, a pretty, petitewoman, fully shares her husband'senthusiasm for politics, and acceptshis very active political life with good-natured humor, although it means sheseldom sees him more than an eveninga week."If I'm lucky, it's two evenings —three if he's sick," she says.She has asked for one concession —on phone calls. The Merriams nowhave a cutoff on their phone, whichthey use during the dinner hour. Mrs.Merriam's patience reached the breaking point when, during her recentpregnancy, she found herself answering the phone 68 times in one day!Merriam shys away from beingcalled a "reformer." In a recent articlein Chicago magazine, titled "Why Reformers Fail," he says one of the most difficult tasks "is to overcome the veryreal, negative, suspicious feeling ofmany Chicagoans for anything connected with 'reformers.' To overcomethe years of built-in resistance, theleaders of tomorrow must themselvesunderstand the simple facts of life inour cosmopolitan city ...""... Today's citizen wants morethan more hoodlums in jail, and morethan shiny new gimmicks on the lawbooks. These are all right as a startand they have their place in a totalimprovement program, but what theymust lead to is better service fromgovernment. What the average citizen wants is new housing or bettermaintenance of the building he nowlives in. He wants his neighborhood —his own neighborhood — rehabilitatedand maintained, a light put on hiscorner, the street cleaned, the emptyfiretrap down the street replaced. Hewants a better, less crowded schoolfor his children ..."Since declaring his candidacy on theRepublican ticket, Merriam has metwith a new barrage of criticism. Hehas been called a fool, naive idealist,political opportunist, turncoat, overlyambitious, and a lot of other names,An Opportunist?To those who label him a politicalopportunist he lists his accomplishments. As an alderman fighting for aneconomy program he claims to haveaffected a saving of $2,500 annually.Some of his proposals have resultedin these results: $405,000 for mechanical sewer cleaning equipment; $900,000to implement the street cleaning program using mechanical street-sweeping equipment; $800,000 strengtheningthe building department's housing inspection activities and implementationof conservation programs; $55,000 fora Plan Commission to engage in neighborhood planning activities.Many of the things he won first forHyde Park have later been adoptedfor the entire city. For instance, hepressed for and won posts for womenas school-crossing guards. This hasbeen put into effect throughout thecity, releasing 700 policemen for otherduties.He was one of five aldermen wholaunched a street re-lighting program, obtaining the first new lightsin Hyde Park in several decades.He introduced the first comprehensive one-way street program inthe city in Hyde Park, and Chicagonow has over 500 one-way streets. Healso developed a playground programwhich has brought half a dozen newplaygrounds to the neighborhood.14 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEFor those who have criticized himfor being overly ambitious, Merriamadopts an attitude similar to that onceexpressed by Oregon Senator WayneMorse, who reputedly remarked to acritic, "To be effective in the senate,you must first be a senator."Many have labelled him a naiveidealist. The Democrats ran up a tremendous majority in the fall elections,with Senator Paul Douglas headingthe ticket, but Merriam feels that national issues don't have much to dowith local ones, and he is convincedthat the people of Chicago are tiredof the kind of government the Democrats have given them for the past 24years. A strong, aggressive leader, hefeels, can help the people shake offtheir cynicism and apathy.Supporters leeryMany of his former supporters arenow apprehensive about voting forhim, since he would head a Republican administration. He contends thatit will be a "fusion" government, andfurther points out that the office ofmayor is a powerful one. It includesthe power to appoint all departmentheads, including police commissioner;a line veto on any budget item (noteven the president has this power),and the office itself with all the accompanying prestige. An aggressivemayor, he feels, can go to the publicon many important matters, as didLaGuardia.In any event, Merriam has a toughfight ahead. His campaign may ormay not be helped by current upheavals in the Democratic party. Theparty machine, bolstered by the hugemajority it piled up in November,has dumped Mayor Martin Kennelly,whom it originally ran as a reformcandidate in 1947, and is slatingRichard Daley, county clerk and chairman of the Central Democratic Committee. Mayor Kennelly has decidedto fight Daley for the Democraticnomination, and is backed by businessleaders, several Republican aldermen,and the Chicago Tribune. A third contender is Benjamin Adamowski, former city corporation counsel, who hassuccessfully bucked the machine inward fights. Merriam, who has topRepublican backing, will undoubtedlyface one of these three on April 21.Whether or not Merriam can accomplish the formidable task aheadof him remains to be seen, but Chicago may have a Merriam for mayoryet.F.A. SEVEN-WAY SCRAMBLEFOR MERRIAM'S JOBW.HEN VOTERS of Chicago'sFifth Ward (the Universityneighborhood) go to the polls onFebruary 22 to select a newalderman to replace RobertMerriam, they'll find three ofthe seven candidates are members of the University family.Several members of the University have held this post inpast years, including Merriam'sfather, Charles E. Merriam, Senator Paul Douglas, and JamesJ. Cusack, Jr., '27, a lawyer.This time a woman is tryingfor the job, Mrs. Dorothy O'BrienMorgenstern, wife of William V.Morgenstern, PhB '20, JD '22,director of public relations forthe University.Mrs. Morgenstern, a graduateof St. Mary's of the Wood College in Terre Haute, Ind., hasbeen a resident of Hyde Parksince her marriage 22 years ago.The Morgensterns have twodaughters, Sheila and Mary, bothLab School students.Mrs. Morgenstern is beingbacked by Mayor Martin Kennelly.She has been active in manycivic organizations. Until sheresigned on December 31 to runfor office, she was on the boardof directors and executive committee of the South East ChicagoCommission, and has played avital part in shaping plans forHyde Park's redevelopment program.Mrs. Morgenstern is no newcomer to politics, although thisis her first try for office. Shehas worked as a member of thecandidate's committees of theDemocratic regional conferencesand the Cook County Democratic Women's Division. In 1936and 1940 she was in charge ofradio promotion for the CookCounty Division of DemocraticWomen's Clubs of Illinois.Two alumni are competing forthe job.Hugh M. Matchett, JD '37, alawyer, has lived on Ellis avenue all his life, first on the cornerwhere Burton-Judson nowstands, and since he was threeat 6133 S. Ellis.He is the son of the late JudgeDavid F. Matchett of the CircuitCourt of Cook County, who wasthe elder Merriam's assistantcampaign manager when he ranfor mayor.Matchett is a Republican andstyles himself "the MendesFrance of the Fifth Ward." Sincethe Democrats are split, and former Democrat Merriam is running as a Republican, Matchettfeels he's the only candidate whocan make all factions work together.He graduated from UniversityHigh in 1939, and earned an ABat Monmouth College, Monmouth, 111., in 1934. He was anofficer in the Navy from 1942-46,and is a lieutenant commanderin the U.S.N.R.Matchett has practiced lawsince his graduation and hismost noteworthy case, which heworked on with his brotherDavid F. Matchett, Jr., and William L. Eagleton, formerly ofthe Law School faculty, was onthe torte liability of charitableorganizations. The three won acase for their plaintiff againstBradley University in which theIllinois court ruled that an institution — like the University —could be held liable for the contracts of its agents, to the extentof its non-trust funds.The second alumni is also alawyer, Leon Despres, PhB '27,JD '29. He is the Merriam-backed candidate.He is married to an alumna,the former Marion Alschuler,PhB '30, PhD '36. Mrs. Despresis a psychologist and is on thestaff of Roosevelt University.While on campus, Despres wasa member of Phi Beta Kappaand the Order of the Coif.The Despres have two children, Linda, at. college in theeast, and Robert, at Lab School.FEBRUARY, 1955 15University NewsCommons' Face WashWash Prom Plans Told; FacultyHonors Listed; Schevill DiesDESPITE TRADITION and the opposition of a student investigatingcommittee, the Commons starts 1955with a clean face, and the first thorough cleaning since it was built in 1903.The walls, windows and ceilingshave been washed, redecorated andrepainted, where needed. The windows have been glazed to cut down onthe glare. The cleaning revealed thatthe upper part of the room above thewood panelling is plaster, and notstone as was originally thought. Thehousecleaning removed dirt from theshields that encircle the room abovethe panelling and show, for the firsttime in decades, that there is muchcolor in their decorative schemes.Miss Lylas Kay, Director of theResidence Halls and the Commons,reassures students and alumni thatthe entire housecleaning job was intended to not only give the Commonsa long-overdue cleaning, but to restore the room to its original handsomeness.Wash Prom TimeOn February 19 the WashingtonPromenade will be held in the HotelKnickerbocker. The Prom committeehas announced that bids will be $5.All the trimmings, including theGrand March and the traditionalcrowning of the campus beauty queenare scheduled for the event.Alumni are invited to attend theaffair.Research grants in economicsThree grants totalling $167,500 havebeen given to the Department of Eco nomics in recent months for researchprojects and the training of studentsin research.Professors T. W. Schultz, GeorgeTolley, and D. Gale Johnson have received a three-year $67,500 "Resources of the Future" grant for thestudy of resource use in the inter-mountain area of western UnitedStates.The Rockefeller Foundation hasmade a three-year grant of $50,000 to support the Workshop in Money andBanking directed by Professor MiltonFriedman. The workshop is engagedin research and research training onthe role of monetary factors in economic fluctuations.The Rockefeller Foundation alsomade a three-year grant of $50,000 toProfessor Arnold Harberger in support of research on economic problems of public finance.Workmen cleaning Commons. Note colored shields after dirt has been removed.Zigmund-Maroon16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINENew dental clinic headDr. Frank J. Orland is the new director of the Walter G. Zoller Memorial Dental Clinic. Dr. Orland, whohas been associated with the Clinicsince 1941 and with the Universitysince 1935, has succeeded Dr. J. RoyBlayney, who has retired after heading the Clinic since its founding in1936. Dr. Blayney is continuing asdirector of the Evanston fluoridationstudy which he initiated eight yearsago.MemorialFerdinand Schevill, Professor Emeritus, History, died December 12 at theage of 86.Professor Schevill retired from theUniversity faculty in 1937, following adistinguished career at the Universitywhich began in 1892 as one of themembers of the University's originalfaculty. He came to the University in1892 as an assistant in history andGerman, following his student careerat Yale University and the Universityof Freiburg, Germany.He received recognition as one ofthe leading historians of modern European history. He is the author ofmany books, including The PoliticalHistory of Modern Europe, The Making of Modern Germany and Historyof the Balkan Peninsula.A memorial service for Dr. Schevillwas held on campus January 14, inBond Chapel. Former colleagues andstudents paid tribute to his lastingcontributions as a scholar. Speakersat the service included James Cate,Professor in the Department of History, Norman Maclean, Professor inthe Department of English, andArthur Scott, Professor Emeritus ofHistory.Chemists honoredFive distinguished chemists wereawarded honorary degrees at the University's 263rd convocation in December.They are: Hermann Schlesinger,Professor Emeritus of Chemistry atthe University; Izaac Kolthoff, Professor of Chemistry, University ofMinnesota; George O. Curme, PhD '13,vice-president and member of theboard of directors of the Union Carbide and Carbon Corp.; Paul D. Bartlett, the Erving Professor of Chemistry at Harvard University, andJohn G. Kirkwood, '26, Chairman ofthe Chemistry Department, YaleUniversity. The convocation gave special recognition to the George Herbert JonesChemistry Laboratory of the University, which this year is observing its25th anniversary. Vital discoveries inthe fields of medicine, industry andwar have been developed in the Laboratory during its history.Teaching interneshipsCarnegie Corporation teaching interneships in general education at theUniversity will continue through theacademic year 1955-56 through a grantof $50,000 from the Corporation.The program is designed to giveadvanced training to college and university teachers in the field of liberaleducation. The plan enables each participating university to invite threecollege teachers annually to study andteach in its general education program.Columbia, Harvard and Yale Universities are also conducting interne -ship programs.Library newsThe University Library is one of16 American research libraries whichwill receive microfilm copies of theprivate papers of the Adams family,now being edited, and in part published, under the sponsorship of theAdams Manuscript Trust, the Massachusetts Historical Society, HarvardUniversity, and Life Magazine.The first 88 reels, reproducing thediaries of John Adams, John QuincyAdams, and the first Charles FrancisAdams, have been received and arein the Microfilm Reading Room inWeiboldt 301. Additional reels will bereceived periodically, and by the endof 1955 the total collection, coveringmore than 300,000 manuscript pages,will be available.The papers reflect the actions,thoughts, and feelings of four generations of distinguished Americans frompre-Revolutionary times throughWorld War I. They are considered thegreatest private collection of sourcematerial on American history. TheUniversity acquisition is made possible with funds from the BenjaminGallup Memorial Book Fund.Other recent acquisitions to the library include three new incunabula,together with some two dozen otherearly printed volumes of patristicliterature. These volumes, all of whichare collections of lives of the earlyChristian fathers, were printed in the1470's. The volumes were given inmemory of the late Fred H. Rathert by his wife, Professor Lucyle Hookof Barnard College.The Far Eastern Library received agift of 71 volumes from the library ofthe late Reverend Franklin Ohlinger,a missionary to China and Korea inthe last decades of the 19th century.The volumes were presented byMiss Constance Ohlinger in memoryof her father, and include 15 volumesin English and German on Chineselanguage, history, literature and religion, and 56 volumes of periodicalsand translations in Chinese. Most ofthese represent new additions to theFar Eastern collections, and some arevery rare works.Faculty honorsProof that our faculty membersreally do get around is provided bya list of the honors and responsibilities many of them have garnered inrecent months. The faculty membersand the recognition they have received are:A. Adrian Albert, Professor, Mathematics, was appointed to membershipon the General Sciences Panel of Assistant Secretary of Defense DonaldQuarles. Mr. Albert, a member of theNational Academy of Sciences, ischairman of the division of mathematics of the National ResearchCouncil;Ray E. Brown, Superintendent, University Clinics, is President-elect ofthe American Hospital Association forthe year 1955-56;Dr. Austin Brues, Professor, Medicine, was elected President of theAmerican Association for Cancer Research;Horace Byers, Professor and Chairman, Meteorology, is Vice-Presidentof the Association of Meteorology ofthe International Union of Geodesyand Geophysics;Gosta Franzen, Associate Professor,Scandinavian, was elected Presidentof the Society for the Advancement ofScandinavian Study;Herman Fussier, Director, University Library, was awarded the MelvilDewey Medal of the American Library Association in recognition ofhis "creative professional achievement";Ignace Gelb, Professor, OrientalLanguages and Linguistics, has beenchosen one of the honorary membersof the newly founded Institute ofAsian Studies in Hyderabad, India.Gustave von Grunebaum, Professor,Arabic, has been elected Vice-President of the Oriental Society;Philip Hauser, Professor, Sociology,FEBRUARY, 1955 17X-ray shows pattern of polyethylene tubing used in cancer treatment.has been elected First Vice-Presidentof the American Sociological Society,and has been appointed Vice-Chairman and Acting Chairman of the U. S.National Committee on Vital andHealth Statistics by the Surgeon General of the U. S. Public Health Service;Dr. Paul Hodges, Professor, Radiology, is President-elect of the American Roentgen Ray Society;Warren C. Johnson, Professor andChairman, Chemistry, has beenappointed to the General AdvisoryCommittee of the Atomic EnergyCommission;O. J. Matthijs Jolles, Associate Professor, Germanics, was elected President of the Literary Society ofChicago;Frank Knight, Distinguished Service Professor, Emeritus, Social Sciences, was honored by ColumbiaUniversity during its bicentennialcelebration in October with the honorary degree of Doctor of HumanLetters;Jerome Kerwin, Professor, PoliticalScience, was given the Cardinal Newman Award for Distinguished American Citizenship by the National Newman Federation;Dr. Joseph Kirsner, Professor,Medicine, is the newly-elected vice-president of the Chicago Society forInternal Medicine;Dr. Clayton Loosli, Professor, Medicine, was elected vice-president andDr. Robert Ebert, Associate Professor,Medicine, was elected secretary-treasurer of the Central Society for ClinicalResearch;Jacob Marschak, Professor, Economics, was elected to the Board ofDirectors of the American StatisticalAssociation and appointed a memberof the editorial boards of The Journalof Management Sciences and TheNaval Logistics Research Quarterly;James Moulder, Associate Professor, Biochemistry, has been given theEli Lilly Award for 1954;Albert Rees, Associate Professor,Social Sciences, was awarded an honorary LL.D. by Marlboro College;Dr. Stephen Rothman, Professor,Medicine, was elected an honoraryforeign member of the British Association of Dermatology;Ernest Sirluck, Associate Professor,English, is president of the Mid-westRenaissance Conference and a member of the executive committee of theMilton Society of America;Ilza Veith, Assistant Professor,Medicine and History, is president ofthe Society of Medical History of Chicago;Sherwood Washburn, Professor andChairman, Anthropology, has been made editor of the American Journalof Physical Anthropology;Napier Wilt, Professor, English, wasawarded the honorary degree ofLitt.D. at Indiana University;Sewall Wright, Professor Emeritus,Zoology, has been elected president ofthe Society for the Study of Evolution.New cancer treatmentThe unrelenting scientific attackon cancer took another step forward recently with the developmentby Dr. Paul Harper, of the Department of Surgery, of a promising newtechnique in the treatment of cancerof the pancreas.Previous surgical treatment of cancer of the pancreas was found to beineffective. The new method uses afine polyethylene tubing threadedaround and through the tumor andfilled with radioactive iodine.The tubing is inserted in the patient's abdomen by a surgical operation and the ends of the tubing areallowed to project outside the patient'sbody.The radioactive iodine, which givesoff radiation similar to radium, is in serted in the tubing in liquid form.The ends of the tubing are filled witheither air or mercury and sealed off.The isotope can be left in the patient until it loses its radioactivity,which is a period of about eight days,or it can be withdrawn if further surgery is needed. After the treatmentis completed, the tubing is allowed toremain in the patient, where it causesno difficulty.One great advantage of the methodis that it provides a localized dose ofradiation directly at the tumor. Thisdose may be as high as eight or ninethousand roentgens of irradiation,which is far above the tolerance levelfor treatment by external irradiation.The treatment may cause a shortlived anemia three or four weeks following the insertion of the radioiodine,but otherwise is accompanied by fewside effects.Lowrey deathJeannette Lowrey, Press RelationsDirector, died Thursday, January 13,at the home of her sister, Mrs. JackMoore, in Bartlesville, Oklahoma.She had been ill for several months.18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEENRICO FERMI1901-1954". . . it had become clear to all . . . that Fermihad indeed unlocked the door to the Atomic Age"Enrico Fermi, Charles H. SwiftDistinguished Service Professor ofPhysics at the University for the pastdecade, died November 28. At amemorial service in RockefellerChapel on December 3, three of hisclosest associates honored his memory. Following are selections fromtheir talks.Samuel K. Allison, Professor in theDepartment of Physics, is Director ofthe Institute for Nuclear Studies.Emilio Segre, Professor of Physicsat the University of California, wasthe recipient of the first doctor ofphilosophy degree awarded underFermi's sponsorship at the Universityof Rome.Herbert Anderson, Professor ofPhysics and the Institute for NuclearStudies, earned his doctor of philosophy degree under Fermi at Columbia University, and had worked continuously unqler Fermi since then.J. SHALL TRY to express the sentiments of Fermi's associates here in theInstitute for Nuclear Studies. Actually, the Institute is his Institute,for he was its outstanding source ofintellectual stimulation.It was Enrico who attended everyseminar and with incredible brilliancecritically assayed every new idea ordiscovery. It was Enrico who arrivedfirst in the morning and left last atnight, filling each day with his outpouring of mental and physical energy. It was Enrico's presence and calmjudgment, and the enormous respectwe had for him, which made it impossible to magnify, or even mention,any small differences among us, suchas can arise in any closely associatedgroup.It is a completely objective statement, not at all prompted by the emotion of this occasion, to remark thatevery one who had more than atrivial acquaintance with Mr. Fermirecognized at once that here was aman who possessed a most extraordinary endowment of the highest humancapabilities. We may have seen hisphysical energy before, or his basicbalance, simplicity, and sincerity, inlife before, or even possibly his mentalbrilliance, but who in his lifetime hasever seen such qualities combined inone individual? In my attempts tounderstand him, with his completelysuccessful adjustment to the life oftoday, and his leadership in it, I conclude that one reason such men are sorare is that it is so improbable thatsuch a combination should be formed.I would like to recount one incidentshowing Enrico in action. During thewar, Professor A. H. Compton, Enricoand I were traveling together to visitthe Hanford plutonium plant in thestate of Washington. Mr. Comptonand Mr. Fermi were so valuable thatthey were not allowed to travel byair; I was expendable, and could haveflown, but was on the train with them for company. The hours seemed todrag crossing the mountains, and Enrico, who always disliked traveling,was restless and bored. After somelong silences, Mr. Compton said:"Enrico, when I was in the Andesmountains on my cosmic ray trips, Inoticed that at very high altitudesmy watch didn't keep good time. Ithought about this considerably andfinally came to an explanation whichsatisfied me. Let's hear you discourseon this subject."A challengeEnrico's eyes flashed. A problem!A challenge! Something to work on!Having been in several such situationsbefore, I relaxed and prepared to enjoy the fireworks that would surelyfollow. He found a scrap of paper andtook from his pocket the small sliderule he always carried. During thenext five minutes he wrote down themathematical equations for the en-trainment of air in the balance wheelof the watch, the effect on the periodof the wheel, and the change in thiseffect at the low pressures of highaltitudes. He came out with a figurewhich checked accurately with Mr.Comp ton's memory of the deficienciesof his timepiece in the Andes. Mr.Compton acknowledged the correctness of the calculation, and I shallFEBRUARY, 1955 19not forget the expression of wonderon his face.It is with such a man that we in theInstitute could consult daily, and itis such a man that we have lost.Samuel K. Allisonj£ OR ENRICO FERMI, physics wasalmost synonymous with life, and theman and the scientist are one. Anyeffort to separate them would be futileand irreverent.Fermi was born in Rome on September 29, 1901, and hence his muchtoo brief life spanned only 53 years.He studied at Rome, and at Pisa at theScuola Normale, an institution stemming from Napoleonic times whichgave many illustrious scientists toItaly.He obtained his doctor's degree in1922 with a thesis on X-rays. However, he was essentially self-taught,or better, his real spiritual teacherswere a strange assortment of booksranging from a natural philosophy ofthe Jesuit Father Caraffa, written in1840, the Mecanique Rationelle ofPoisson, to Kelvin and Tait, Richardson's theory of electrons, and, aboveall, Sommerfeld's Atombau for themore modern subjects. These he readbetween the end of childhood and theend of adolescence.His first published works are concerned with relativity, mechanics, andelectrodynamics. We see him tryinghis forces on several interesting subjects, but soon he moves to deep reflections on thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Thus, he was allprepared to discover in 1926, immediately after the formulation of theexclusion principle by Pauli, the statistical laws followed by the anti-symmetrical particles now called fer-mions.This work brought him at once to apreeminent place among theoreticalphysicists, and it was promptly followed by numerous other studies inatomic physics. In all of his work ofthe time we find his personal scientific style already fully developed.Really brilliant ideas are developedwith such apparent simplicity oftheoretical means that the resultsseem to flow without effort. Thetheory of the Raman effect, of thehyperfine structure, of the intensityof the alkali doublets, of the pressureof shift of spectral lines, of the latitude effect in cosmic rays, the concept of the virtual quanta accompanying a moving charge, the statisticalatom and many more, bear testimony to the universality of his interests andto the power of his genius. He initiated many a line of thought whichwas to be pursued by a whole generation — and the mine is not yet fullyexploited.I first met Fermi at this time andI remember the experience sharedlater by others of beginning a conversation with him, which ended byhis taking a piece of chalk and improvising on a blackboard a theorythat needed only to be written up andpublished. The last time that I sawthis was, alas, on February 11 of thisyear, when I was telling him aboutsome nuclear experiments in which Iwas involved.Scientific idealsIn 1927 the school of Rome was alsofounded and I beg to be excused if Iam too personal in my remembrances.Fermi's exceptional ability had beenrecognized, not without some struggle,by a professorship at Rome, a covetedposition and quite exceptional for aman of only 26 years.However, he decided then that heneeded some help, and some coworkers, and in very characteristicfashion proceeded to create them. Heselected a small nucleus of youngmen by his own criteria and trainedthem in his own unorthodox way.I do not think he ever spoke ofscientific ideals or that he used anymoralizing words, but by force of example inspired in everybody such aburning devotion to science that Iventure to say that for this groupof young men between ages 20 and25, with a leader of 27 or 28, sciencewas the greatest passion. And theFermi influence of their scientific outlook was indelibly impressed and persisted even after they lost Fermi'smannerisms of speech and deep voicewhich they had unwittingly acquiredin their daily common life.In the early 30's more theoreticalwork followed. A reformulation ofDirac's theory of radiation led Fermiin the abstract paths of second quantization from which his rather practical mind at first recoiled. But hisfeeling changed after he had developed in 1933 what he considered a"practical" application, namely thetheory of beta decay, one of the milestones of theoretical nuclear physics.LewellynThe late Enrico Fermi20 THE UNIVERSITYWith this he began his career as anuclear physicist.However, 1934 was to be the wonderyear in which, without abandoningtheory, he entered professionally intothe experimental field. Indeed he hadalways, even from his childhood,dabbled a little in experiment andsome of his work with Rasetti is quitefirst class but the plan he had nurtured for some time of attacking experimentally some important problemconcerning the nucleus, materializedwhen news came of Curie- Joliot's discovery of artificial radio-activity.Fermi realized immediately that neutrons would be more powerful projectiles than charged particles and triedthem immediately; it is characteristicof the man that he tried in order allavailable elements beginning withhydrogen, and did not give up whenthe first eight were unsuccessful. Theninth, fluorine, finally gave a positiveresult. It was also characteristic thathe summoned his young pupils andfriends, mostly busy with their ownproblems, to come, help, work hardand share the conquests with him.A series of startling discoveries followed. The letters to the "RicercaScientifica," sent to many nuclearscientists as what we would call today"reprints," elicited great interest, andRome became, for a short period, thecapital of the nuclear world. LordRutherford in person congratulatedthe young experimentalist for hisdebut. If I remember correctly "Notbad for a beginner," were his ownwords in a congratulatory letter thathe wrote at the time to Fermi.In rapid succession all the elements,including uranium, were bombarded,but God, for his own inscrutableends, made everybody blind to thephenomenon of fission. Chance confronted us with the strange phenomena undergone by neutrons in passingthrough hydrogenous substances;Fermi's mind grasped what was goingon in a couple of hours. Thus, slowneutrons were discovered and thesefirst steps, by a logical development,led him to study the diffusion of neutrons.Superhuman traitIt was at this time more than atany other that I saw the full application of one of Fermi's outstandinghuman, or I would almost be temptedto say superhuman characteristics,namely his unbelievable physical andmental strength. We were workingquite methodically from eight in themorning to one, followed by lunch,siesta, and then again from three toFEBRUARY, 1955 21eight in the evening; but the intensityof the work was such that this practically represented the limit of ourforces — and we were not weaklings.However, every morning at eight,Fermi came back with some piece oftheory concerning the neutron, readyto test it experimentally and to changeit according to the results of the workof the day. This performance puzzledus a little, even knowing with whomwe were dealing, but we soon discovered that the miracle occurredbetween four a.m. and eight a.m. because he had insomnia and had decided to lengthen his day's work. Iwanted to mention this because thisstrength and indomitable vitality wasone of his fundamental characteristics.Rampant persecutionBy this time, intolerant persecutionwas rampant in Germany. We hadhad as visitors, guests, and friends,many brilliant young colleagues fromcentral Europe, attracted to Rome byFermi. Bethe, Bloch, Placzek, Peirls,London, and several others stayedwith us for a few months, an ominouswarning of impending catastrophe,and when, in 1938, Italy also was submerged, Fermi departed as manyothers had done, for the New World.In 1939, the power which had initiated this tremendous chain of events,opened the eyes of man to fission andFermi, who had just arrived at Columbia, .started a new group of youngpeople, and using his mastership ofthe neutron, embarked on that tripwhich was to land him, 12 yearsalmost to the day, in that new worldso properly indicated in the historicmessage announcing the criticality ofthe pile.Fermi had had all the honors thata scientist can have, none excluded.He was part of great councils, andfor a large group of scientists hisword was final. I have not mentionedthese facts because for him they werereally unimportant. Nothing alteredhis simplicity which did not arise fromfalse modesty — indeed he knew quitewell how much he was intellectuallyabove other men — but from charity.Nothing altered his unceasing interestin science and his will to work humblyand indefatigably on the study ofnature. If he had foreseen the crueldestiny that was to deprive us of himso unexpectedly early, he could nothave husbanded his time to give morethan he gave. V >Emilio Segre TTHEN THE FASCIST mold hadbegun to infect the free and fruitfuldevelopment of science in Italy, Fermi,with characteristic courage and decision, turned his back on his nativeland and set out to America to establish the American branch of his family. In America, Fermi could expectto find fertile ground for his ideas anda receptive climate for his genius.For the sanctuary which we gave himthen, Fermi repaid us a thousandfold.We can be forever grateful that whenhe came to us, our gates were open.His needs were few. Chalk, a blackboard and an eager student or twowere enough for a start. Teachingwas an essential part of his method.Through teaching he would sharpenhis wits, clarify his thoughts, develophis ideas. Students and colleaguessoon learned that no one could touchhim when it came to clarity and brilliance of lectures. It was usually"standing room only" when Fermispoke — but he would lecture withequal brilliance to a lone student.And he would make a deal — if youwould correct his English and teachhim Americanisms, he would teachyou physics.The eternal scholar, Fermi wasalways eager to learn. He was alwaysgrateful when he found out somethingnew. What he learned he felt heshould enrich. Having enriched whathe learned he felt he should teach itto others. Thus he prepared the fertileground out of which arose the newsolutions and new ideas which kepthis subject bright, fresh and exciting.Mission accomplishedTo explore the mysteries of naturewith Enrico Fermi was always a greatadventure and a thrilling experience.He had a sure way of starting off inthe right direction, of setting asidethe irrelevencies, of seizing all theessentials and proceeding to the coreof the matter. The whole process ofwresting from nature her secrets wasfor Fermi an exciting sport which heentered into with supreme confidenceand great zest . . .It was a feature of the Fermi approach never to waste time — to keepthings as simple as possible, never toconstruct more elaborately or tomeasure with more care than wasrequired by the task at hand. In suchmatters his judgment was unerring . . .When, on December 2, 1942, just 12years ago, Enrico Fermi stood beforethat silent monster — the huge pile ofgraphite and uranium which had arisen in the West stands of the University of Chicago campus — he wasits acknowledged master. Whateverhe comanded it obeyed. When hecalled for it to come alive and pourforth its neutrons it responded withremarkable alacrity; and when at hiscomand it quieted down again, it hadbecome clear to all who watched thatFermi had indeed unlocked the doorto the Atomic Age.A fateful morningOne unerasible picture of Fermihad to do with the fateful morningset aside to test the first atomic bomb.It showed Fermi standing in theblinding glare of that explosion,methodically dropping small bits ofpaper to the ground. Some of thesewere carried forward by the arrivalof the blast. Impatient to know thestrength of the atomic explosion,Fermi had devised his own simplemeans for measuring it . . .What Fermi missed at Los Alamoswas the university, and this he regained at Chicago, whose faculty hejoined at the end of the war. Here,in the Institute for Nuclear Studies,established essentially according tohis own design, he was again free toexplore according to his fancy. Students flocked to his classes whilephysics itself, flushed with its successon the field of battle, surged on innew directions.New particles had been discoveredand huge electronuclear machines hadbeen constructed to produce them.Here, at Chicago, under his guidance,we built a huge synchrocyclotron.This became Enrico's newest plaything. This machine could producethe mesons which had come to occupythe center of the stage. These werethe particles which were responsiblefor the nuclear force. A new greatchallenge for Enrico ... It was in themidst of this work that Enrcio Fermiwas suddenly struck down.We all know what a pleasure it wasto have Enrico around. What a privilege it was to work with him. We allknow how considerate and thoughtful he was. How helpful he could be.He was the center of our Institutearound whom all revolved and forwhom we all tried to do somethinggood enough to win his praise. Well,he isn't going to be around anymoreand we are going to miss him awfullybut we can all try to keep the spiritthat he had.Herbert L. Anderson22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEby Faculty and AlumniPsychotherapy and PersonalityChange. Edited by Carl R. Rogersand Rosalind F. Dymond. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1954.Pp. 496. $6.00.Combining community service totroubled persons with controlled research on human behavior is nevereasy. Indeed, many would say that itis impossible — that objectivity of attitude and precision of method cannot prevail in an atmosphere of helping others. This volume decries sucha pessimistic view and demonstratesimpressively how psychotherapy andpersonality research can develop handin hand in a clinical setting.Comprising separate research papersby a dozen different staff members,it is a four-year progress report ofthe continuing research program inpsychotherapy at the University ofChicago's Counseling Center. Assuch, the book is a description of oneof the few systematic, quantitativeinvestigations of psychotherapy, anda most significant contribution bothto therapy and to personality theory.Do people change?The central question posed bythese researches is "What changesin client personality take place in thecourse of psychotherapy?" This is aquery frequently put informally bypsychotherapists but rarely askedsystematically by research workers.Twenty-nine clients at the Center accepted the invitation to participate ina research project to answer the question. They are compared with 25clients who did not continue in therapy and with 23 control subjects whodid not participate in therapy at all.To furnish information on the effectof passage of time on the variablesstudied, half the original group delayed starting therapy for sixty days.Tests, questionnaires, ratings anditem-sorts were given all subjectsprior to therapy, immediately aftertherapy, and six to twelve months afterthe conclusion of contacts with thecounselors. All therapeutic interviewsfor these research subjects were recorded phonographically. Some ideaof the magnitude of this research setup may be gained if one realizes thatalmost 500 hours of work were re quired to obtain the raw data foreach case used.The mass of data obtained underthese carefully controlled conditionswould lend itself to many differentsorts of analysis. The Center's research group wisely chose to beginanalyzing the data in terms of particular theories of personality — primarily those earlier advanced by CarlRogers. Consequently, the individualresearch papers which comprise themain part of the volume" center onthe client's phenomenal field, andconcern such topics as changes inself-perception with therapy, shifts inthe perception of an attitude towardothers, measures of personality adjustment and of emotional maturity,and counselors' judgment of therapeutic process and outcome. How thisanalysis works in individual cases ispointed out sharply in two chaptersfocussing on two clients, one considered "successful" and one "unsuccessful" in terms of therapeutic outcome.It is clear from this analysis thatclient behavior does change in measurable ways as a result of therapeuticcontacts, and that the change is notdue entirely either to motivation forhelp or to the passage of time. In avery real sense the world looks different to the client after therapy, andhe looks different to his friends; thedegree and direction of difference arerelated, as would be expected, to therated "success" of the therapeuticcontacts. The detailed results, whichare by no means confined to theevaluation of therapy as "good" ornot, are probably best left to thereader. He cannot fail to be impressed by the care with which theresearches are designed, the refreshing lack of partisanship which characterizes the interpretation of findings,and the candor with which the writersface the occasional inconsistency, incompleteness and failure in theirresults. These are no small accomplishments in a field where personalinvolvement, sensitivity and even biasare often strong.Strength and weaknessThe adherence to a systematic theoretical viewpoint and the precisionand definitiveness of procedure whichmark the strengths of these studieswill be interpreted by some as limitations. Inevitably, acceptance of thephenomenological viewpoint puts aheavy emphasis on verbal behaviorand immediate perception, and a strong dependence on the Q-sort andother verbal rating methods. Onemisses the extensive application of"depth" techniques and attention tosubtle, non-verbal reactions, and onewonders what relationship can betraced between clients' statementsabout their behavior and the reactions they actually make in theireveryday lives. The criteria for "maturity" grounded in rating scales andfriends' estimates are open to attackfrom those concerned with conflictresolution and the availability of unconscious material as signs of personality development. The descriptions of counselor attitudes towardclients, both in general terms andspecifically in the successful case presented in detail, cannot fail to raisequestions of transference and coun-tertransference cures in those oriented toward such phenomena. Aone-year follow-up, although it islonger than most, still seems rathershort when one considers the lengthyhistory of the client's difficulties.Future researchThese are not fatal objections, norare the authors unaware of them.Many of them could be met by different analyses of the data alreadycollected; and many such analyses arealready being carried on by the Center's research group. Indeed, thechief feature of this program is itsongoing nature and the willingness ofthe participants to suspend judgmenton many issues until further evidencehas been collected. The philosophywhich guides the Center and its staffis aptly expressed in Rogers' closingwords:"Though to the community at largethe most significant outcome of ourstudies lies in their positive factualfindings, to us as therapists and research psychologists it is the unanswered questions which are mostimportant. These will, we trust, leadus further to unexplored areas as weattempt to comprehend and identifythe orderly processes by which thehuman personality is altered throughthe influence of experience in an interpersonal relationship."Ann M. Garner, Ph.D.Lecturer, PsychologyUniversity of Chicago.Professor of PsychologyUniversity of IllinoisCollege of Medicine.FEBRUARY, 1955 23Toward an Education. By MargaretFoglesong Ingram, '11, AM '20. CometPress, 1954. $3.50.When Margaret Foglesong Ingramwas a student at the University shemay not have been ready for JamesWeber Linn's suggestion that she follow writing as a profession, as thefollowing passage from her autobiography reveals. But something of hisencouragement, perhaps, and her ownnatural inclination endured, for aftera long career as a teacher, she has inrecent years turned to writing."Outstanding among my courses atthe University was English with DeanJames Weber Linn, Advanced Composition, a post-graduate course, forwhich I was, perhaps, not entirelyeligible. The first day saw some forty-odd students staring at an instructorthe likes of whom I had never seenor imagined. He persisted, too, a crossbetween Blue Beard and CaptainKidd.Jovial Teddy Linn"Slowly the bewildered studentsevaporated. Only throwing me out atthe window would have subtracted mefrom the number he wanted — twenty -four. 'He's putting on an act,' whispered a friendly girl. T help in theenrollment office. The course is plainlylimited to twenty-four. He says thosewho put up with him the first threedays are worth bothering with.' Theinformation relieved me, but withoutit, I should have remained."By the fourth day the ordeal byterror had subsided. Behind the deskbeamed a most jovial, humorous personality, fortified by sheer teachingskill, cleverness, and insight into thewhys and wherefores of his students.In that class was never a dull moment. Its charm and inspirationlingered, even while I polished thesilver in Ida Noyes' Cafeteria, for mylunch. Daily familiar essays wereread, diagnosed. 'A flavor of CharlesLamb,' he wrote on the margin of mypage, 'Ground Ivy', in which I hadtried to picture the impressions of mychildhood love among countless simpleplants."Criticism of current novels! I choseClayhanger, because Professor Linnhad said in the class that his wife hadgiven it up before half way, and saidnobody could read it. My report drewpraise from him, and writing it, plusthe reading, opened the door to a beguiling method of acquainting onewith the realities of living."Tono Bungay helped me clinch a hankering opinion that Pa had beenone more sucker caught by cheapbait. Feature articles and plays Icould write pleasurably, wtih heartening comments. At the autobiography I balked. About other topics itwas a joy to turn myself loose, forI had taught enough to know howclose teacher and pupils may becomethrough a composition course. As formyself, I was at war with the world . . .. . . . With an accumulation ofuncertainties, I listened as Dean Linntalked about my writing in the bestpart of what I considered a perfectEnglish course for me, his private interviews. You should make writingyour profession. Your taste is absolutely unerring. You write with thevigor of a man.'"As I heard the encouraging words,I had an undercurrent, less pleasing.If I dared risk starvation, I mightgive up the teaching profession, whichas a means of achieving a desirablelivelihood I had already begun todoubt. To talk frankly about myselfwith Dean Linn, or with any one, infact, I had entirely lost the inclination,if not the ability. The point of innersufficiency or desperation topped alltablelands whereupon I might havepaused, actually to view what was inthe instructor's mind for me. I likedthe A he gave me, and had not thevitality to return for my papers, agreat breach of manners. Thus, Imissed what might have been an avenue toward a profession I believed Ireally wished to follow."A teacher's testimonyMrs. Ingram's autobiography concerns her struggles to get an education, and to impart it to others. Herbook holds up as a social history ofthe past fifty years as seen throughthe eyes of a teacher who began at asalary of $25 a month in a one-roomrural school, and ended in a highschool in the New York City schoolsystem. It is also a personal history,in which she tells many lively talesabout herself, as she struggled forgreater understanding and self awareness.Her desire for an education wonher bachelor's and master's degreesfrom the University, and later, graduate study at Columbia and the University of London.She has completed another book,Race from Fear, and is revising athird, called The Wedge. She and herhusband live in Miami, Fla.A.N.P. BRIEFLY NOTEDThe Divine Comedy. By Dante. Anew prose translation with an introduction by H. R. Huse, '14fi PhD '30,Rinehart, 1954. $5.This is a new, complete translationof The Divine Comedy, the first inmany years. Of his translation, Mr.Huse writes, "The present translation,although intended as prose, is printedin the typographical form of the original verse. Besides diffusing andlightening the text, the method followed here keeps the original tercets.These usually have a unity of thoughtwhich demand also a certain unityof form."In addition to its excellent introduction, the volume contains a glossary and list of foreign words andphrases in translation.Mr. Huse is a professor of Frenchand Italian in the Romance LanguageDepartment at the University ofNorth Carolina.Roads from the Fort. By ArvidShulenberger, PhD '51. Har courtBrace, 1954. $3.50.This novel of the frontier concernsthe friendship of Sam Dawes andGabe Mathews and of their adventuresome hunting trip, which provedto be the greatest adventure of Sam'syoung life. The locale for the storyis South Dakota, Mr. Shulenberger'shome state.Of the book, novelist Barry Bene-field has written: "Flawlessly done.One would swear the author is writing about a stretch of land whoseevery hill, every ravine, every springand rivulet is known to him throughhaving spent a young lifetime on it —one hundred years ago."9 FLOORS FILLED WITH BOOKS!Chicago's LargestANTIQUARIAN BOOK STORE(In the heart of the Loop)Everything from 10c books to raritiesBooks from the 15th CenturyModern, first and limited editions18th & 19th Century English LiteratureLarge stock of pamphlet materialWe buy small and large collections ofgood booksCome in or write usCENTRAL BOOK STORE36 SOUTH CLARK STREETDEARBORN 2-0470Also open evenings and Sundays24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMr. Shulenberger is an assistantprofessor at the University of Kansas,where he teaches literature andwriting. He has published poetry,reviews, and a critical study of JamesFenimore Cooper.A Wind Like a Bugle. By LeonardNathan, '36. Macmillan, 1954. $3.50.This is the story of the escape of aslave, in 1859, through the "underground railway" which ran from FortScott, Kansas, to Canada. Mr. Nathan's research on the novel was doneprimarily in Topeka and Fort Scott,Lincoln and Omaha, Des Moines andChicago. The house of one of the chiefcharacters, Susan Hood Orr, is underthe jurisdiction of the Fort ScottHistorical Association.Historically based on the struggleimmediately preceding the Civil Warwhen the newly created Territory ofKansas was caught in a pro-slave,Free Soil conflict, with anti-slaveryactivity a criminal offense locally, AWind Like a Bugle portrays thestrong-willed men and women whorisked their lives to give force andmeaning to the ideal of human liberty.Mr. Nathan is an advertising director for a textile company in Chicago.This is his first book.Reader A GuidePOLITICAL SCIENCEC. Herman Pritchett, Professor andChairman, Department of PoliticalScience, has taken from the vast output in this field in recent years somevolumes which he feels would be ofinterest to the general reader. Hehas stuck pretty close to those whichhave some connection with academicpolitical science, and preferably withthe University of Chicago.The Federal Loyalty- Security Program. By Eleanor Bontecue. CornellUniversity Press, 1953.This volume is one of a series in theCornell Studies in Civil Liberty, prepared under the general direction ofProfessor Robert Cushman. Miss Bontecue makes a careful investigationof the controversial loyalty programfor the federal service instituted byPresident Truman and continued in arevised form by President Eisenhower. She finds serious grounds for criticising the operation of the system.Presidential Nominating Politics in1952. By Paul David, Malcolm Moos,and Ralph Goldman. Johns HopkinsUniversity Press, 1954.The American Political Science Association undertook, with the cooperation of political scientists in everystate, to study the process by whichthe candidates of the two major parties were chosen in 1952. The result isthe most comprehensive picture ofhow delegates to the conventions areselected and how they reach their decisions in the conventions that hasever been provided. The main findingsare given in one volume, with fouradditional volumes describing the individual state situations. Ralph Goldman is a graduate of the University,AM '48, PhD '51.How Russia is Ruled. By MerleFainsod. Harvard University Press,1953.This book is the finest general workon the Soviet state and society thathas appeared for many years, and indispensable reading for an understanding of America's principal antagonist in the cold war. The author,a professor of political science at Harvard, has conducted an extensiveinterview program with Russianescapees.The American President. By SidneyHyman. Harper, 1954.Mr. Hyman, a former student at theUniversity of Chicago, and ghostwriter for such distinguished figuresas Marriner Eccles and Robert Sherwood, has now put his own name onan instructive and entertaining bookabout the presidency, which is full ofmuch incisive observation about theoffice and the requirements it imposeson its occupants.Civil Liberties and the VinsonCourt. By C. Herman Pritchett. University of Chicago Press, 1954.This volume examines the civilliberties decisions of the SupremeCourt during the seven-year periodwhen Vinson was Chief Justice, from1946 to 1953. Particular attention isgiven to the positions taken by theindividual members of the Court andthe general policy lines laid down bythe Court. (Reviewed in the Magazine, November, 1954.) Natural Right and History. By LeoStrauss. University of Chicago Press,1953.This brilliant book, based on a seriesof Walgreen Lectures by ProfessorStrauss of the Political Science Department, presents a powerful caseagainst the current social sciencedichotomy between facts and values,and argues that only through acceptance of the doctrine of natural rightcan a foundation be provided inreality for the distinction betweenright and wrong in ethics and politics.The States and the Nation. ByLeonard D. White. Louisiana StateUniversity Press, 1953.In these Edward Douglass Whitelectures at L.S.U., Professor White ofthe Political Science Department examines current problems of federal-state relations, and makes some cogent suggestions as to what the statesmust do if they hope to stem the flowof functions and power to Washington.-Jf Our life-saving film,BREAST SELF-EXAMINATIONAre you one of the 4,000,000American women who now knowthe simplest and most thoroughway to examine their breastsfor signs that may mean cancer—while it is in its early stage andchances of cure are the best ? Ourdoctors assure us that BREASTSELF-EXAMINATION hasalready saved many a woman'slife and could save many thousands more every year.If you missed our film, call theAmerican Cancer Society orwrite to "Cancer" in care ofyour local Post Office.American Cancer Society «WFEBRUARY, 1955 25WHO'S WHO ONTHE ALUMNI BOARDThe Alumni Foundation has threenew members this year, and we thoughtyou'd like to know a little about each ofthem.Mrs. Calvin Sawyier, AB '44, the former Fay Horton comes from an alumnifamily, married an alumnus, and is raising four future alumni. Her parents areHorace B. Horton, SB '10, and Phyllis FayHorton, AB '15. Her husband, Calvin,AB '42, AM'42, is a former member ofthe Law School faculty. He is a memberof the firm of Winston, Strawn, Black &Towner. The Sawyiers have four children, Terry, 9, and Michael, 6, both atthe Laboratory School, and 3-year-oldtwins, David and Stephen, in the NurserySchool. Mrs. Sawyier was a member ofMortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. Sheand her husband have been members ofthe Century Club for the past threeyears.Richard Smith, AB '37, JD '39, lives inChesterton, Indiana, where he has beenchairman of the Foundation for threeyears. Dick owns an auto agency inHammond. He was a member of AlphaDelta Phi and Phi Delta Phi on campus.He has been a member of the CenturyClub for five years, and contributed afull scholarship to the University in 1951.Bruce A. Young, Jr., AB '38, AM '40,has been chairman for the Foundation inWinnetka for the past four years, duringwhich time the number of gifts from thatarea has increased from 32 to 102. Heis a former English instructor at Northwestern, and at present is with AmericanPublication, Inc., as an associate editorin home furnishings. His hobbies areskiing and sailing.lean Alumni Magazines at 22Washington Square, N., NewYork 11. GRamercy 5-2039 Cla££REUNION CLASSESNews keeps rolling in from reunion classes ('05, '10, '15, '20, '25,'30, '35, '40, and '45) as plans forthe biggest and best June homecoming ever take shape.Dates are being set during thefirst four days of June for reunionclass meetings on the campus.Asterisk indicates those planningto attend.98-09H. D. Howard has a small jewelry storein Manville, Wyo., and does repair work.His wife has a variety store in the samelocation, and specializes in men's workclothes and similar items for women andchildren.Frank L. Griffin, SM '04, PhD '06, hasbeen one of the most popular teachersin the Pacific Northwest (Professor ofMathematics at Reed College, Portland).A few years ago he was retired withhonors but showed up in the fall on thefaculty of Wesleyan University in Connecticut. He's been doing interestingthings ever since, and was cited by ourAlumni Association for good citizenshipin 1949. Earlier this year the presidentof Reed College resigned, and who waspersuaded to step in to take his place?None other than beloved Frank L. Griffin,a member of the first faculty.Frederick Dirkinson retired last Aprilas village attorney for Winnetka, 111., apost he had held for 42 years.Charles Correll is the author of A Century of Congregationalism in Kansas,published in 1953 by McCormick-Arm-strong Co.The Rev. Peter Hoekstra retired fromthe ministry last July, after 44 years ofservice. He has moved to Bellflower,Calif.Charles Decker, AM, PhD '17, paleontologist at the University of Oklahoma,is working on two collections of Cambrian graptolites from Virginia and Tennessee.10Frank Bartlett, MD '13, of Ogden,Utah, was president of the Utah MedicalAssociation this past year.Anna and Daniel J. Glomset, MD 11,were recently visited by their youngestson, John Asbjorn, a bio-chemical research student at The Medicinsk-Kem-iska Institutionen, in Uppsala, Sweden,and his wife. John married Britt Jansson,a student at Uppsala University, inStockholm on May 26, 1954. The coupleare now back at their studies in Uppsala. J^lewADr. Glomset's other son, Dr. Daniel A.Glomset, '35, MD '38, recently passedexaminations entitling him to a certificateas a specialist in gastro-intestinal diseases.Herbert F. Hancox, AM 11, is superintendent of the John C. Lincoln Hospitalof the Desert Mission in Phoenix, Ariz.He has three children: Herbert, an American Airlines Captain based at FortWorth, Tex.; Mrs. Elizabeth HancoxAllen, '41, mother of two daughters,Linda Lee and Darlene; and Charlotte B.Hancox, a social worker.Nels M. Hokanson has retired frombusiness and is now farming. During thewinter months he lives at Cottonwood,Ariz., and in the summer, at BaileysHarbor, Wis.* Francis M. Orchard of West Harwich,Mass., has retired from the sales and advertising field after 37 years of continuous service. He is now living in CapeCod "where I have a big old house.Here we welcome our family — four children, four in-laws, and nine grandchildren . . . So with four acres of land,an acre of fruit trees, three cottages —plus visits from and to the children —there isn't much vacation time."Mrs. Helen Riggs Rhodes is now livingin Grand Rapids, Mich. "I am still ahousewife," she says "though I spent nineyears teaching and three years in professional Girl Scouting somewhere alongthe line." Before coming to Grand Rapids, Helen and John left their home of20 years in Pennsylvania and moved toWheeling, W. Va., where their daughterlived. No sooner had they settled thanword was received of a better businessopportunity for their daughter in GrandRapids where everyone is now happilylocated.Deloss P. Shull, JD 12, is a member ofthe Sioux City, Iowa, law firm of Shulland Marshall.IM3Herbert Hines, PhD '22, President ofRocky Mountain College, was awardedthe LLd degree from Westminster College, Salt Lake City, last September. Hedelivered the address at the opening convocation of the College.Lily Man Reutlinger (Mrs. John Haly)is now living in Louisville, Ky. Shewrites that she would enjoy hearingfrom friends who may remember her.Address: 1474 Cherokee Road.Lucile Mertz Warner and her daughters: Myra Warner Nichols, '36; Louise,'38, PhD '39, and Nancy, '44, MD '49, hada three-weeks' flying trip to Europe lastsummer, visiting London, Paris and Amsterdam.Arthur Gee, JD 15, former directorand general counsel for the Ohio Oil Co.,received the American Petroleum Insti-26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEtute's Certificate of Appreciation in November at the organization's 34th annualmeeting held in Chicago.Mr. Gee was one of nine oil men honored by the division of transportation inrecognition of long and outstanding service to the oil industry through participation in the work of the Institute. Heretired last April 1.15* Mrs. Carol Beeler de Takats is a resident of Evanston, 111.* Mrs. Collien Browne Kilner, a resident of Kenilworth, 111., for over 25years, recently assisted her husband,Frederick, president of the Florists' Publishing Co., and the American Nurseryman Publishing Co., in compiling a history of their home town. "I unearthedinteresting stories taking place besideold trees, for early residents selectedtheir lots because of some beautifulnative tree," she wrote. In the history ofthe village Mrs. Kilner has included some80 illustrated vignettes.* George W. Caldwell, a Presbyterianminister for 23 years, has assumed a newoccupation — brush electronics machinist.On April 18, 1953, Mr. Caldwell and Mrs.Anna B. Helwick were married.* Joseph P. Carey of Mt. Pleasant, Mich.,has four children: Mrs. Patricia Murphyis an accountant in Mt. Pleasant; BettyLou is a stewardess for United Air Lines(traveling between Los Angeles andHawaii); Terry is a teacher and headcoach at Niles, Mich., and J. Paul is program director and radio-TV announcerfor station WKNX, Saginaw, Mich.* John William Chapman, JD 17, theLieutenant Governor of Illinois, writesus a very newsy note: "Mrs. Chapman(Eva Richolson 18) and I came toSpringfield with our family in 1941. Wenow consider it our permanent home.We have five children . . . one girl andfour boys. Our four oldest children aremarried and we have eight grandchildren,seven of them boys. Our youngest sonwas graduated from the University ofMichigan last June and is presently inthe law school at the University of Illinois."Mrs. Caryl Cody Carr writes us fromClaremont, Calif., that after "the betterpart of a life-time spent in and nearChicago, we sold our home in HighlandPark last March and moved to Claremontwhere we find life in a college townmost rewarding." Her four children areall happily located too. Cody Pfanstiehl,'37, is with WTOP (a C.B.S. affiliate) inWashington; Alfred Pfanstiehl, '40, is anelectronics engineer; Grace Pfanstiehl ismarried to alumnus Lee Wilcox, '49, SM'54, a resident of Menlo Park, Calif., whois working for his doctorate at Stanford;and Rose Caryl lives in Rochester, N. Y.,with her husband, David Geppert, a PhDcandidate in music composition at Eastman. "Claremont," she added, "is fullof Chicago alumni and retired faculty:Max Mason, Mr. and Mrs. John Moulds,Mrs. James Breasted, Brower Hall — toname but a few . . ." * Ruth Allen Dickinson, AM '48, on November 13 moved into a new home located on the grounds where the "oldfamily house in which we lived for thepast 28 years stands." Mrs. Dickinson iscounselor for the six elementary schoolsin Western Springs, and has two sons,two daughters, and eight grandchildren.Mrs. Ruth Grimes Ewing and her husband, Raymond, DB '21, AM '29, are implementing the World and NationalCouncils of Churches' new plan to uniteChristian Churches. Both are ordainedCongregational ministers living andworking in Circle, Montana. "We havethe united work for all churches inMcCone County where Baptist, Congregational, Methodist, Presbyterian, Disciples, Evangelical and Reform, ChristianUnitarian church denominations unite inone church."* Irma H. Gross, AM '24, PhD '31, headof the Department of Home Managementand Child Development at Michigan StateCollege, recently published (with Elizabeth Crandall) another book on homemanagement, (her third), Managementfor Modern Families.Wilkie C. Ham, Colorado attorney,rancher and state senator, has one son,Bright, who is a captain in the U. S.Army.Mrs. Ada Huelster Sickels sends hergreetings to the Class of 15, "especiallyto those members who lived in GreenHall when I did." Mrs. Sickels, an English teacher at Elkhart High School inIndiana, will be unable to return for thereunion because of teaching demands.Her daughter, Margery Sickels Bloom,'46, and husband, John, AM '50, live inLansdowne, Pa. Her son William, '51, isnow studying at Chicago for his master'sdegree.* Ralph D. Kellogg, a broker for Baker,Weeks & Co., New York, informs us thathis wife, Aurora, died last October. Theirdaughter, Aurorita, has been a hostess inthe Latin American and European Divisions of Pan American Airways since hergraduation from Northwestern Universityin 1952.Col. Wallace E. Leland has been on thestaff of Culver Military Academy in Culver, Ind., since 1916. His two childrenare now "grown up and away from home."His daughter is married and teaching,and his son, a graduate of Oberlin andholder of BA and MA degrees fromOxford, is "still pruning knowledge."Mrs. Elizabeth Miller Lobingier ofWinchester, Mass., is teaching oil painting in the Division of Education at theBoston Museum of Fine Arts. She recently had published a book entitled:Activities in Child Education, and herhusband, who recently retired as Secretary of Religious Education of the Massachusetts Congregational Conference, hasadded to his published works a book entitled The Better Church School. Theirson, John Leslie, is director of public relations for the Life Insurance Management Association in Hartford, Conn.Loyd L. Neff, owner and publisher ofthe Johnson County Herald in OverlandPark, Kan., informs us that his daughter, Sue, a graduate of the University ofKansas, is engaged to be married. She isteaching physical education at Shawnee -Mission High School. His son, Bill, andwife, Ethelyn, are living with their threechildren in Prairie Village.* Mrs. Frances Rosenthal Zinkin is serving at Kroch-Brentano's branch store inMandel Bros, department store, Chicago,as a book seller.* Dr. Edward H. Schlegel, MD 17, of Ft.Wayne, Ind., has one son, Robert, a seniorin the School of Medicine at Chicago.* Aravilla Meek Taylor, SM 16, PhD 19,for 23 years head of the Biology Department at Lake Erie College, has spent apart of each year, since his retirement in1947, in checking a natural reforestationproject begun in the Catskill Mountainsin 1930. The study includes observationon the results of reforestation on animaland plant life, erosion and water supply.* Sophie A. Theilgaard is Professor ofEducation at Barat College, Lake Forest,111.* Ruth A. Wiesinger of Aurora, 111., sinceretiring from teaching mathematics in1929, has kept "the home fires burning"— when not traveling.16-18Irwin Sigler has been a Dayton, Ohio,realtor and insurance broker for the past22 years.Thomas Simpson, PhD, is Dean Emeritus, Randolph-Macon College, but is stillteaching part time. "My oldest son,Thomas III, is a graduate student at theUniversity in the Department of Philosophy."Katharine Blodgett, SM, research associate at the General Electric ResearchLaboratory, Schenectady, N. Y., deliveredthe James Mapes Dodge lectures foryoung people last November at theFranklin Institute of Pennsylvania, inPhiladelphia. Dr. Blodgett is an authorityon surface chemistry whose findings ledto the development of "invisible" or non-reflecting glass. This pioneering discovery opened new possibilities in thescience of optics, which during WorldWar II found important applications inwar-time lenses.Bessie L. Pierce, AM, Professor Emeritus of History, received an honorary degree from Northwestern University lastSpring.20* Gale Blocki, Jr., a resident of ArlingtonHeights, 111., is Director of Mid-WesternSales for the Broadcast Advertising Bureau.* Eleanor M. Burgess spent the past year,1953-'54, teaching English in the EdenGirls' College at Dacca, the capital ofEast Pakistan, as a Fulbright grantee.While in Dacca she found that the twotop members of the U.S. Consulate staffwere Chicago alumni too: Gray Bream,AM '39, PhD '41, Counsul, and Roy Carlson, AM '48, Vice-Counsul. Since herstay, Mr. Bream has been transferred toAmsterdam.FEBRUARY, 1955 27* Donald Gray, Kankakee, 111., attorneyfor more than 30 years, has one son,Malcolm, a first lieutenant in the AirForce stationed at a base in New Mexico; a daughter, Jane Nelson, who married a Chicago student, and is now livingin Arlington, Va.; and one granddaughter,Deborah Nelson.Henry Warren Helmershausen plannedto spend the months of Decemberthrough April in Corpus Christi, Tex.* Charles G. Higgins and wife FrancesHenderson, both 1954 winners of theUniversity's citation for public service,hope to attend their Class Reunion nextJune.A. Gordon Humphrey, JD '22, willcomplete his four-year term as Mayorof Highland Park (111.) next year. Hehas two sons, Arthur, who is marriedand has one daughter, Deborah Ellen;and James, a graduate of DePauw.Herbert Haehl Inlow, MD '22, a Fellowof the American College of Radiology,has two grown daughters and a son, andfour grandchildren. His son, Paul Mar-tyn, is a junior at Illinois University'sSchool of Medicine, and daughter, Ruth-ann, a junior at the University's Schoolof Dentistry.* Mrs. Perry Kimball Crowell of Winnetka, 111., says she has "the best occupation of all — housewife." She also hastwo married children and two grandchildren. Her husband, Henry, is executive vice-president and general managerof the Moody Bible Institute.U. R. Laves, '20, SM '25, and wife,Aldine Sears, '22, wrote that their son,Robert, '49, and wife, Randi Christianson,'50, are living at Randolph Field AirForce training base at San Antonio,Texas, where he is now stationed. Theirdaughter, Mrs. Marion Woodard, isplanning to move from Oklahoma City toShreveport where her husband is working for Stanolind Oil and Gas Co.Alice D. Lawrence is enjoying the lifeof a retired teacher in Minneapolis,Minn.* Walter F. Loehwing, SM '21, PhD '25,has been Professor of Botany at the StateUniversity of Iowa since 1925, and Deanof the Graduate College since 1950.* Mrs. Florence MacNeal Noonan, Chicago housewife and game manufacturer,lived for seven years in England, whereshe met her husband. She returned tothe United States in 1933 and raised herfamily in Palos Park, 111. Her son, John,is a junior lieutenant in the Navy, ismarried, and has one daughter. Herdaughter, Ann Elizabeth, is also married, and has one son.* James M. Nicely, vice-president of theFirst National Bank of New York, anda trustee of Chicago, has four daughtersand one grandchild.* Madeleine Cohn Silver, whose husbandis owner of the Hinky-Dinky chain offood stores in Nebraska, spent last winter touring the coast of South America.Clinton L. Slusher is living in Monterey, Calif. * Lucia E. Tower, MD '26, has been enjoying a very delightful "second home"in Beverly Shores, Ind., since 1935."Three years after my husband's death,the wife and two children of my olderbrother came to share with me my Indiana home so that I added to my veryactive professional life an agreeably active life with stimulating young children."Since 1932 she has been in private practice in Chicago and working part time asa teacher in psychoanalysis and psychiatry.Dr. Helen Rislow Burns, MD '26, andher physician husband, G. Creswell, arepracticing in Los Angeles.22-24Harriet Dougherty Horton is teachingfirst grade in Pasadena, Calif.Sidney French left Colgate University in September after 22 years as amember of the faculty and Dean of theFaculty for the past 10 years, to becomeDean of Rollins College, Winter Park,Fla.Crystelle LaFleur Tenorio is a socialworker in Rolla, N. D. She attendedthe International Conference of SocialWork in Toronto last June.Ruth Swanson Almlof reports fromChicago that her two children are bothin college, one working on a master'sdegree in clinical engineering and theother a sophomore at Augustana.25Mrs. Elsa Allison Douglas of Seattle,Wash., writes that she is "still goingstrong — two grandchildren. Son is asenior at the University of Washington."Julius F. Bishop, JD '27, is on thelegal staff of the Department of Justice in Washington, D. C. Much of hiswork is conducted before the SupremeCourt.C. Harrison Dwight, SM, is the authorof a new textbook, Physics for Architecture Students. It is believed to be thefirst book written for "co-op" architecture students. The Dwight book is designed for sophomore students in theUniversity of Cincinnati's College ofApplied Arts. Mr. Dwight is an Assistant Professor of Physics in the Collegeof Engineering.Mrs. Amelia Eisner Lowy of St. Petersburg, Fla., will be unable to attendher class reunion this year but sendswishes that it will be "a huge success."Dr. Theodore H. Goldman, MD '29, andwife, Rosalie, have three children: Lynne,18, a freshman at Wellesley; Ronald, 15,and Kenneth, 12.Mrs. Ruth Haupert Murphy is activein five organizations in addition to teaching in the Highland Park High Schoolin Detroit. She is a member of theMethodist Church, American Federationof Teachers, Teachers' Credit Union,Civilian Defense, and the High SchoolClub of International Students.Augusta S. Hewlett, Chicago schoolattendance officer, believes our tentativeplans for Alumni School sessions during the June Reunion week "are fine."* Mrs. Lucille Hoover Jacobs, AM '48,social counselor at the Argo CommunityHigh School in Western Springs, 111.,writes that her son, William, '54, is continuing his studies at Chicago in theDivision of Physical Sciences. Herdaughter, Ellen, '51, is now enrolled inthe Institute of Design, Chicago.* Dr. Albert C. Johnston, MD '29, a resident of Keene, N. H., has been a practicing physician and radiologist for 25years. He has four children and threegrandchildren. In 1948 he and his family were featured in W. L. White's bookLost Boundaries which was made into amotion picture by Louis De Rochemont.* Anna W. Kenny, AM '29, PhD '45, Assistant Professor of Humanities at theUniversity of Illinois, Navy Pier branch,writes: "You will recall the old bromidethat 'well begun is half done.' May Icongratulate you on having already donehalf your work, apropos the alumnimeeting next June. I have studied theagenda proposed, and it certainly portends a very enjoyable week of festivities."* J. Kenneth Laird, Jr., vice-presidentand treasurer of Tatham-Laird, Inc.,Chicago advertising firm, is sporting anew private pilot's license. He has twochildren — both of whom have athletictalent "obviously not derived from me"— Nancy, 12, and Johnnie, 7.* Mrs. Fanny Lakin Baruch of Gary,Ind., has a daughter attending the University of Miami, and a son, a graduateof the University of Michigan. Her husband, Bernard, '27, JD '29, is an Olds-mobile dealer.* Emma Levitt, AM '36, principal ofYates Elementary School, Chicago, hasno fear of "getting into a rut" what withkeeping ahead of the demands of herjob and an active, 11-year-old son."Philip's interests range rapidly and exhaustively through astronomy to footballa stamp business to electric trains, andengineering to match folders ..."* Dr. Austin P. Lewis, MD '29, ownerand director of the Lewis Medical Center in Miami, Fla., writes that his daughter, Patricia Ann, is now a junior in theLaw School at the University of Miami.Mrs. Lewis is assisting her husband assupervisor of nurses at the MedicalCenter.Harold Lucas, AM, is associate generalsecretary of the Berkeley Area Y.M.C.A.,Calif.Charles K. McNeil, co -partner of theSt. Clair Specialty Co., Chicago, has beenattending all University track meets."Last year we had a team which, on thebasis of time and distances, was, I believe, the best we ever had . . ."* Laura Mencel was a high schoolteacher in Chicago until January, 1953,when she resigned. She is now livingin Beverly Shores, Ind., but expects tomove in about a year to California.Dr. Samuel A. Scuderi, MD '29, hasbeen a resident and physician-surgeonin Los Angeles since 1928. He has threesons.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEEvelyn F. Slater is a school teacher inSan Francisco.John M. Stalnaker, AM '28, Directorof Studies for the Association of American Medical Colleges, has just publishedwith Ross Dykman, PhD '49, a 200-pagebook on Admission Requirements ofAmerican Medical Colleges — 1955. Thebook is designed to assist college students in obtaining authentic information about preparing for the study ofmedicine.* Mrs. Marie Taylor Turney, a Chicagohousewife, became a grandmother for thefirst time in September when her daughter Nancy had a girl, named CynthiaSusan. Mrs. Turney's son, Bill, 22, is"serving his turn in Korea."* Mrs. Gladys Walker Calder of NewBuffalo, Mich., writes: "Little did Ithink that we would one day be earning our living from the soil. Now thatwe have been on the farm for almost 10years I feel that we would have missed agreat deal from life had we not had thisexperience. It was a long haul to startfrom scratch on a neglected piece of land,but we have finally 'arrived' and arehappy and rich in many things . . ."26-29Edwin Hellebrandt is Professor andChairman, Department of Managementand Economics, Ohio University.Dorothy M. Jacobson (Mrs. Roy) isdoing editorial work on the FederalRegister. She has two children: a daughter, Mrs. James R. West, who lives inParis with her husband and two children; and a son at Cornell University.Esther Lundy Foster writes from Lancaster, Mo., "We are finding happinessbut not much prosperity as farmers.Starting our third year of this way oflife. Our son, Leslie, received his ABdegree from the University last year."Alice McKim Walker, AM, is Associate Professor of Business Administration at Monmouth College, where sheteaches accounting and business law.Harry Barnard, author and advertising executive, who is a member of theMilwaukee and Chicago advertisingfirm of Arthur Meyerhoff and Co., wasthe main speaker in November at thejoint meeting in Milwaukee of the CivilWar Round Tables of Chicago and Milwaukee. He spoke on "Rutherford B.Hayes' America." He was chosen asfeatured speaker in connection with hisrecently published biography, RutherfordB. Hayes and His America, published byBobbs-Merrill Co.The Franklin Institute has awardedKenneth Norton, Chief of the NationalBureau of Standards Radio PropagationEngineering Division, the Stuart Bal-lantine Medal for his work in radioresearch.Paul Hollister, SM, reports from Cook-ville, Tenn., that he and his wife aregrandparents, and that their son is doingresearch in the Propulsion Laboratoryof the National Advisory Commission forAeronautics, in Cleveland. 26EDWARD C. AMES has beennamed public relations director ofOwens-Illinois Glass Co., Toledo,Ohio.Prior to that, he had been employee and public relations director of Calumet & Hecla, Inc., ofChicago, and had also served aspublic relations director for Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp., Toledo, from 1938-48.An active participant in civicaffairs during his stay in Toledo,he is a past president of the boardof education and of the RotaryClub.Mr. Ames was on the editorialstaff of the Toledo Times from1930-34 and was Assistant Professor of English and director of theNews Bureau at Toledo University from 1934-38.30* Ralph J. Bartoli is manager of thesouthern territory tax department ofSears, Roebuck and Co.Dr. Robert W. Boyle on July 1 leftthe Veterans Hospital at Fort Thomas,Ky., to join the staff of Marquette University School of Medicine and Milwaukee County General Hospital.John M. Buchanan, MD '35, is a member of the faculty of the School of Medicine at the University of California atLos Angeles.* Mrs. Hannah Werth Choldin, a Spanish teacher at Senn High School for thepast 10 years, has two sons, Harvey,15%, and Earl, 12, both of whom areexcellent students. Her husband, David,is national sales promotion manager forBarwick Mills.Faye Coney, SM '38, moved to Braden-ton, Fla., following her retirement lastJune from the teaching field after 40years of service in Michigan.* Eleanor A. Davis, AM '38, is directorof journalism and public relations for the York Community High School inElmhurst, 111. She is also a member ofthe A.A.U.W., York Council of American Federation of Teachers, and DeltaGamma.Marian Alschuler Despres, PhD '36,on leave of absence from Roosevelt University where she is an Assistant Professor of Psychology, is helping to writea book on the emotional growth of children. She, and her husband, Leon, '27,JD '29, have two children: a son, Robert,born in 1940, and a daughter, Linda,born in 1936. Mrs. Despres also is activein community affairs, serving as vice-chairman of the Hyde Park-KenwoodCommunity Conference, and as a member of the board of the South East Chicago Commission.William R. Engelhardt, JD '32, a member of the Chicago law firm of Norman,Engelhardt, Zimmerman & Prince, livesin Inverness, Palatine (111.) with hiswife, Doris; son, Robert, 15; and daughter, Margo, 11.* Marjorie B. Ford, AM '33, Flossmoor,111., resident, has June Week tabbed as"a must."* Louise Forsyth is an administrativeassistant at Chicago.* Forrest H. Froberg, general sales manager of the Mason Shoe ManufacturingCo., Chippewa Falls, Wis., saw the eldestof his three children, Judith, 17, off tothe University of Wisconsin where shehas entered as a freshman. His twoother youngsters are Sara, 15, a juniorhigh school student, and Forrest, 11, a7th grader.* Joseph J. Gibbons is manager of thetax and insurance section of the Blaw-Knox Company of Pittsburgh, Pa.Mrs. Ameda Metcalf Gibson is lookingforward to retirement — around 1958.She is co -compiler of debate materialsfor high schools and colleges preparedby the Mid-West Debate Bureau. Sheand her husband, Harold, director ofplacements at I.S.N.U. in Normal, 111.,have two children. The eldest, Richard,23, is a junior at Sam Houston StateTeachers College. Their daughter, Marjorie, 21, is now Mrs. John R. Wing.* Elizabeth Simpson and Charles H.Good, 'AM '37, have one son, Charles,a graduate of the University's popularNursery School, who is now thoroughlyenjoying public school life. Charles'father is sales promotion manager forMullen Container Corp., and his mother,an art teacher at Hyde Park HighSchool.Eleanor Grossman Wolens, thoughtrained at the University in social work,has embarked upon a new career: shehas entered Northwestern University topursue a master's degree in secondaryeducation. Impressed by the teachershortage, she's doing what she can aboutit. She has two children: Nancy, 16, andJohn, 13.* Mrs. Harriet Hathaway Fearon, home-maker and copy editor for the BangorDaily News (Maine), and her husband,W. Ross, have lived in four New Eng-FEBRUARY, 1955 29rNAGGINGWIFEMiBVSAVEYOUR LIFEIF YOU ARE OVER 45and your wife keeps insisting that you should havetwo chest x-rays every year. . .don't blame her. Thank her!Semi-annual chest x-raysare the best "insurance" youcan have against death fromlung cancer.The cold fact is that lungcancer has increased soalarmingly that today youare six times more likely todevelop lung cancer than aman of your age 20 yearsago. Our doctors know thattheir chances of saving yourlife could be as much as tentimes greater if they couldonly detect lung cancer before it "talks". . . before younotice any symptom in yourself. That's why we urge youto make semi-annual chestx-rays a habit — for life.To see our new life-savingfilm "The Warning Shadow"call the American CancerSociety office nearest you orsimply write to "Cancer" incare of your local Post Office.AmericanCancerSociety land states since 1932 "though not sufficiently itinerant to invest in a housetrailer."* Mrs. Bertha Heimerdinger Greene-baum and Michael Greeaebaum, '24,worked hard to assist Paul Douglas winre-election to the U. S. Senate. Mrs.Greenebaum is also active in the Leagueof Women Voters and the AmericanCivil Liberties Union.* George F. James, JD '32, director of thelegal staff of the Standard-Vacuum OilCo. in New York, celebrated his tenthanniversary with the company this year.He has three children, George, 15, Suzanne, 14, and Victoria, 6. He and hiswife, Mary Ella, live in Scarsdale, "asuburb so much like Winnetka that itwould be hard to tell them a part exceptthat Scarsdale has more dogwood andazaleas and less lilacs."* Leonard Landwirth is president of theD. W. Klein Co. department stores inPeoria, 111. He has three children.Daughter Ann, 17, is now a freshmanat Michigan; Michael, 14, is a freshmanat Culver, and Richard is attending gradeschool.* Dr. Robert B. Lewy, a former member of the staff of the University ofIllinois Medical School and a consultantto the Veterans Hospital, is now practicing in Chicago and doing research.* John McNeil is second vice-presidentof the Northern Trust Co. in Chicago.* Mrs. Myra Littmann Cohen, Chicagohousewife and club woman, has threesons: Alden, the eldest, a junior atCarleton College; Millard, a junior atHyde Park High School, and Ellis, justfinishing 5th grade at Bret Harte School.Mr. Cohen is vice-president of SouthShore Liquors, Inc.* Jerome Metz, a manufacturer of furniture and president of his own company in Hammond, Ind., has three pre-teen age children: Jeri Sue, 7, Patti, 5,and Cathy, 1.Loretta M. Miller, AM '38, professorof special education at Central Washington College of Education, is busy assisting in the development of a campfor crippled children to be built nearEllensburg, Wash.Mary Minerva, AM '41, has passed theChicago principals' examination.* James S. Nachman is sole owner of theJ. S. Nachman Co. in Highland Park, 111.* Mrs. Myrtle Pihlman Pope, a Professor of English at Atlanta Division of theUniversity of Georgia, has all but herdissertation finished toward a doctor ofphilosophy degree. "At present I ammore interested in directing the researchof my students than in doing my own..." She and her husband, Glenn, havepurchased "a spanking new antiquebrick ranchstyle house in North Atlanta* Mrs. Zelda Robbins Ginsberg has threesons now attending Chicago: Lewis, 22,who is in his second year in the LawSchool; David, 21, first year MedicalSchool, and Donald, 21, first year physicsdivision. "The U of extradition is strongin our family," she said. "The boys have four uncles who have graduated fromthe U. of C. and a cousin in the LabSchool." Their father, Maurice, is a Chicago attorney.Dr. Arthur Rosenblum, SM '32, MD '35,father of three daughters, is a Chicagopediatrician.* Meyer S. Ryder is a professional arbitrator and Lecturer in Industrial Relations at the University of Michigan'sSchool of Business Administration.* Mrs. Mary Klieman Satinover, AM '42,and her attorney husband, Charles, '28,JD '30, are residents of Glencoe, 111.Their daughter, Terry, is in her first yearat Chicago. "Am relieving the role ofdomesticity," she writes, "by doing parttime professional work as Lecturer inEducation at University College . . . andam professional leader of lay-leadership training courses conducted jointlyby the Illinois Congress of Parents andTeachers and the University College."Vincel O. Smith's family was votedone of the two most outstanding Presbyterian families of the Texas Synodfor the year 1954. Mr. Smith, advertising manager for the H. E. Butt GroceryCo. in Corpus Christi, Tex., worked forThe Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company for 12 years before joining theButt Grocery Co.Frances Swineford, AM '35, PhD '46, ishead of the test analysis section of theStatistical Analysis Department, for Educational Testing Service.* Samuel Teitelman, a member of theArmour and Co. staff since graduation,is now manager of the firm's marketing research department. He is activein the American Marketing Ass'n., having served as a director and presidentof the Chicago chapter. He has threechildren, all girls, ages 16, 13, and 7.Marjorie Tolman of Chicago is' engaged to marry Wesley H. Winters ofDieringer, Wash.Mrs. Vera Pool Thompson, Superintendent of Public Schools in Elgin, 111.,is planning to take her two daughters,15 and 11, to Europe this summer — theirfirst trip abroad. She reports that inaddition to her school duties she hasbeen very busy serving as a volunteerworker at the Elgin State Hospital; onthe boards of the Larkin Home for Children and of the Women's Club; and asa member of the A.A.U.W., League ofWomen Voters, Community Chest, andPTA.* Samuel Van Dyne of Topeka, Kan.,has two boys and two girls, Judith,Gretchen, Samuel, Jr., and Peter.Samuel Wock, MD, was appointed director of the Arizona State Hospital inPhoenix a year ago.31-34Eloise Petzel, AM '34, received herPhD degree from the University of Minnesota last July.Charles Greenberg, MD, is director ofCraig Colony, Sortyea, N. Y., which isunder the New York State Departmentof Mental Hygiene.30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINELloyd Johnston Davidson, AM '34,PhD '47, who was an instructor in English at the University from 1936-42, hasbeen appointed Dean of the Faculty atthe Virginia Military Institute, Lexington,Va. Lloyd will leave his post as chairmanof the English Department at Wells College, Aurora, N. Y., before July.Robert Greenman, MD '37, has passedhis American Board examinations inobstetrics and gynecology. He is nowa captain in the Navy Medical Corps onduty as chief of O.P.D. at U.S.N.A.S.,Quonset Point, R. I.Jack Hough, PhD '40, of the University of Illinois is temporarily serving ashead of the Department of Geologyand Geophysics of the Indian Instituteof Technology, Kharagpur, India, underthe Point Four Program of F.O.A. Hiswife, Alice Carlson Hough, '32, and theirtwo children are with him.John Post, MD '37, and Edmond Uhry,MD '37 have opened offices in NewYork City. They share a practice inorthopedics and internal medicine.Albert Galvani writes from Dallas,Texas, that he is the executive vicepresident of Justin McCarthy, Inc., andpart owner of the firm, which he describes as "the fashion leader of afashion-conscious town."Lt. Col. James Goodnow, formerly battalion commander of the 623d FieldArtillery Battalion, Korea, has been assigned to the plans division of the G-4Section at Fourth Army headquartersin Fort Sam Houston, Texas.The April, 1954, issue of Commentarymagazine, carried a story about SydneyRasper's days in the bakery business inChicago while attending the University.The article was entitled, "Bakery StoreLady."Anna McCracken, of the University ofKansas, is the first woman to have beenelected president of the SouthwesternPhilosophical Conference.Velma Whipple continues in her workas consulting teacher for fifth and sixthgrades for half of the city schools ofAlbuquerque. She has sold several ofher photographs to Sun Trails magazineand to the New Mexico State Board ofEducation.Christine Miller Hetzel is still teaching commercial subjects in the Newton(Kan.) High School after 39 "fine" years.William Tucker, MD, is Chief of thePulmonary Disease Service at the VAHospital in Durham, N. C, and Professorof Medicine at Duke University Schoolof Medicine.Martha Miller Davenport is a Winnetka, 111., housewife who writes, "ourthree boys are growing up too fast!John is a freshman at Carleton Collegenow, Robert is a high school freshman,and David is a third grader."Kenneth Sloan, attorney with the Federal Trade Commission, delivered theprincipal address at the convention lastAugust of the Photographer's Association of America. He spoke at the Conrad Hilton in Chicago on the subject,"Unfair Methods of Competition and Un fair Trade Practices in Interstate Commerce." He has been invited to addressthe convention at the 1955 meetings. Hiswife is the former Rose Doyle of St.Paul, who is also an attorney with theFTC in Washington, D. C.William Soybel is attending the Medical School of the University of Vermont. He was married in June, 1953, tothe former Ruth Eisenstein. 35 1RAY W. MacDONALD has beennamed vice president of BurroughsCorp., Detroit. He was previouslygeneral manager of internationaloperations, and is in charge of thecorporation's sales and service operations outside the U.S. and Canada, including 18 subsidiaries anda world-wide dealer organization.Mr. MacDonald joined Burroughs immediately after his graduation from the School of Business.Frederick H. Bair, Jr., sends in thisnote: "I am getting older and fatter,mentally, too, unfortunately. My wifeinforms me that she is not — but she is aDuke graduate. Three kids, two largeand noisy, one small and wet . . ."* Mrs. Dorothea Fogle Ewers, PhD '50,recently attended the E.T.S. InvitationalConference on Testing Problems held inNew York City. She is director of guidance in the Flossmoor school system.* Connie Fish is associate executive secretary of the Division on Family andChild Welfare for the Welfare Councilof Metropolitan Chicago.William A. Burns, Jr., is president ofTrailmobile, Inc., one of the two largesttruck-trailer manufacturers in the country. Bill married Florence E. Gerwig,'34, two years after graduating, at whichtime he was with the A. T. KearneyCo. After the end of World War II, heoperated Wesco Foods Co., a subsidiaryof Kroger Co., for 5 years. In 1950 hebecame sales manager for The Trailmobile Co. which was sold to Pullman Inc.in 1951, and re-named Trailmobile Inc.Robert M. Grogan, E. I. du Pont deNemours & Co. geologist, joined thecompany in 1951 after having been with the Illinois State Geological Survey inUrbana, 111., for 13 years. He has threechildren: David, 13, and twin daughters,Sara and Alice, 11.Brownlee W. Haydon, technical editor for The Rand Corp., in Santa Monica, Calif., is living on a "flat acre ofland in a Tahitian wonderland canyonfive minutes from work. The land hasan all-year stream running along oneside," he says.* Mrs. Sylvia Holzman Cohen and herhusband, Bernard, love to fly, own aCessna 140, and do some hopping aroundthe countryside. Mrs. Cohen, mother oftwo children, Nancy, 13, and Neil, 9, isprincipal of her Sunday School and amember of the Southern Illinois JewishFederation, Girl Scout Council, P.T.A.,and Community Chest.Maj. James Richard Kingham, AM '38,commanding officer of the Marine CorpsSchools Company at Parris Island, S. C,spent the year '51-'52 touring Jordan,Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, and Israel asmilitary observer attached to the U. N.Truce Supervision Organization for Palestine. A member of the Corps since December, 1941, Maj. Kingham also servedon the Naval Examining Board at Marine Corps headquarters in Washington,D. C, for a year.* Anton E. Kruzic, MBA '48, a certifiedpublic accountant, writes from Berwyn,111., that he is "still single."* Marvin Laser, AM '37, expected hissecond child in January, 1955. He has ason who is now 5 years old. Mr. Lasermarried Dorothy Kort in 1947. He isPOND LETTER SERVICEEverything in LettersHooven Typewriting MimeographingMultigraphing AddressingAddressograph Service MailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones: 219 W. Chicago AvenueMl 2-8883 Chicago 10, IllinoisWHITELY ESTATESCORPORATION•WE PURCHASEHEIRSHIPS ORPARTIAL INTERESTSIN REAL ESTATE•134 N. LA SALLE STREETCHICAGO, ILLINOISDEarborn 2-4420FEBRUARY, 1955now on the staff of the English department at Chicago Teachers College.* Ray W. MacDonald is vice presidentof the Burroughs Corp.* Virgil P. Puzzo, AM '37, is teachingat Von Steuben High School in Chicago.Dr. Lewis L. Robbins, MD '38, has amost unusual and vicarious hobby —whaling! It all began at the Universityin the Pharmacology department withDr. E. M. K. Geiling. "Whaling todayis done in an armchair with books anda collection of whaling implements,scrimshaw, etc., which I've collected."Dr. Robbins also enjoys photographyand gardening, but unfortunately findslittle time for any of the three. He hasbeen on the staff of The MenningerFoundation (Topeka, Kan.) since 1940,and Director of its Department of AdultPsychiatry since 1949. He and his wife,Verna Rees, have three children: Douglas, 8, Donald, 3, and Jean, 2.Aaron Sayvetz, PhD '39, AssociateProfessor of Natural Sciences at the University has two daughters, ages 7 and 4.* Mrs. Pearl Seligman Weisdorf, AM '37,has three future college candidates forChicago: Miriam, 12; Deborah, 8, andDaniel, 5.* Isadore Singer and Ruth ChapmanSinger, '36, are now living in PalmSprings, Calif. Mr. Singer is owner ofthe Fibre-Tex Co., manufacturers ofwiping cloths.Lawrence Skinner, MD, sends newsfrom Tacoma, Wash.: "I am still inScouting up to my ears. After livingon a lake for 11 years, I have finallygone into boating! Have two smallboats, each with out-board motors. Ourfamily is growing up: Jim is in thetwelfth grade, Sally in tenth, Dave is aseventh-grader, and Jean in the thirdgrade. My wife is writing a book, abiography of my Dad, Dr. James Skinner,Rush MD, '96, who was a missionary inChina from 1897 to 1944."Thomas S. Turner, AM '36, is an Associate Professor and head of MusicTheory Instruction at the State University of Iowa. He and his wife, Isabel,have two children: Norman, 15, andAlice, 11.Leslie H. Wald, JD '37, Denver, Colo.,attorney specializes in tax cases.Alvin M. Weinberg, SM '36, PhD '39,father of two youngsters, David, 11, andDicky, 7, is research director at theOak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee. The family has been there since1945, and they have been "atomic-energypeople" since the early MetallurgicalHCf UfNCt m mcrtiCAi rioovcnleivvtxlELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO.OlitrlliUrt. Minilicmiift aid letters ilELECTRICAL MATERIALSAND FIXTURE SUPPLIES5801 Halsted St. • ENglewood 4-7500 Laboratory days at UC in 1942. His wifeis the former Margaret Despres who attended the University during the late'30's.Mrs. Sophie Weinstein Fischer, Arlington, Va., housewife, writes that she ismarried to Harold E. Fischer, PhD inplant breeding, Cornell, a claim adjudicator for the U.S. Civil Service Commission.* Philip C. White, PhD '38, is managerof research and development for the PanAmerican Refining Corp. in Texas City,Tex. "My wife now heads the localGirl Scouts, while I am District Chairman for the Boy Scouts. This, plus thethorny problems of trying to organizeand build a country club on a shoestring, has kept life pretty full," hewrites. He and his wife, Ginny, havethree children, now 12, 9, and 5.36-39Owen C. Berg, MD '41, of WichitaFalls, Tex., has been made a member ofthe American Urological Association andhas become a certified urologist.EMIL F. JARZ was elected president and treasurer of the reorganized Mead & Wheeler Co. onSeptember 1. This Chicago firmsells office furniture, equipmentand supplies and is now expandingoperations into general commercialand institutional fields to includehotels, schools, hospitals and transportation.Mr. Jarz was previously withMandel Brothers as executivemanager of the hotel and contractdivision. Prior to that he wasdirector of personnel and labor relations with American OverseasAirlines. During the war he servedwith the air force as chief of plans,Pacific Division, Air TransportCommand.Mrs. Jarz is the former ElizabethMcElvain, '41. Their home is inElmhurst, 111.Charles Katz, MD, and Ruth WernerKatz, '43, announce that Janet Carolwas born November 1, 1954, joiningbrothers Jeff, 7, and Jon, 4. Dr. Katz practices psychiatry and neurology inWilmington, Delaware.Naomi Lipkowitz is a homemaker inSouth Euclid, Ohio, with six children:three girls and three boys, ranging inages from two to thirteen years. "It'scheaper by the one-half dozen," shewrites.Helen Jambor, AM, was awarded aPhD from the University of Minnesotalast July. /William Kuhlman, MD, is practicingophthalmology in a twenty-man groupat the Colorado Springs Medical Center.Keith McKean, AM, and his wife, theformer Catherine Stevenson, '40, are atYale University this year where Keithis studying on a Ford Fellowship. Theyhave two boys, ages 5 and 3.Leo Seren, PhD '42, has moved fromgovernment service to a farm — Bella-dere Farm in Beavertown, Pa. In leisuremoments he can reminisce about hisflying trip to Europe last Spring. Heflew his brother's Beechcraft Bonanzaover much of Europe and North Africa.He writes, "I spent about two yearsplanning and studying the route, andfiixing up the aircraft, and thingsworked out just about as I had planned."40* Murle Borchardt of Hammond, Ind., ismaking plans to attend her 15th Reunion in June.N. Harry Camp, Jr., AM '41, on September 1 was appointed Director ofClinical Services and Supervisor ofGuidance of the Baltimore County Boardof Education.Dr. John Francis Dunkel, MD '50, hasfound five other alumni working at University of Oklahoma Hospitals where heis serving as assistant director of laboratories and as Assistant Professor ofPathology at the University's School ofMedicine. They are: Dr. Bill Wilson,MD '52, resident in Pathology; Dr. Richard Carpenter, MD '43, internist; Dr.Florence Kelly, SM '36, PhD '43; Chairman of the Department of Bacteriology;Dr. Garman H. Daron, PhD '32, member of the Department of Anatomy; andDr. Harriet Harvey, PhD '51, Departmentof Zoology at Oklahoma University.* Mrs. Betty Glixon Strauss and hertwo sons, 5 and 3, are now living inSyracuse, N. Y., "and love it." Mr.Strauss is a wholesale floor-coveringdistributor.* Mrs. Thelma Iselman Hayes is keepingpace with her physician-husband's rigorous work schedule. In addition to caring for two children, Andrew, 6, andVirginia, 3, Mrs. Hayes is very active asstate legislative chairman, Woman'sAuxiliary to the Washington State Medical Ass'n; member of the board, American Ass'n University Women, (Olympiabranch), and of the Thurston CountyChild Guidance Ass'n; vice president,as a member of the P.T.A. and Leagueof Women Voters.John Kendrick is on the staff of theNational Bureau of Economic Researchin New York City.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE* John F. Culp is looking forward toseeing his former classmates this coming June. He is administrative assistantat the U.S. Gypsum Co.* Robert S. Miner, Jr., of Westfield, N. J.,has taken a two-year leave of absenceas manufacturing chemist for the CibaPharmaceutical Products, Inc., in orderto finish his doctoral work in organicchemistry at Princeton. He recently waselected to Sigma Xi. Mrs. Miner isteaching part time in the Westfieldschools. Their two children, Becky, 10,and Scott, 8, are up to their ears inGirl Scout and Cub Scout work.* Petro Lewis Patras and Marina Chi-moures will celebrate their 8th weddinganniversary on June first.Persis-Jane Peoples Cline and herhusband adopted a six-weeks' old babygirl last April 16.* William R. Remington, PhD '44, wife,Frances Hern, '43, and their four children, Betsy, 10, Jeannie, 8, Tommy, 6,and Neil, one, are living in Wilmington,Del. Mr. Remington is head of thetextile chemicals and physical chemistrydivision of E. I. du Pont de Nemours'Jackson Laboratory at Deepwater, N. J.* Norman B. Sigband, AM '41, PhD '54,writes: "Have 3 little girls (daughters)and one big girl (wife): Robin, Shelley,Betsy, and Joan.* Lewis R. Sprietsma, AM '52, is incharge of the remedial reading programat Modesto, Calif.Colin G. Thomas, Jr., MD '43, is anAssistant Professor of Surgery at theUniversity of North Carolina's Schoolof Medicine. "This is our third year inNorth Carolina— delightful climate, stimulating environment."* Rosemary F. Wiley, AM '41, a part-time mathematics teacher at St. XavierCollege, is working at Chicago for herdoctorate degree.* Edward A. Slatter, MBA '48, is serving with the legal staff, Office of theSolicitor, U.S. Department of Agriculture in Chicago.* Edward J. Winans, women's sportswearbuyer for Marshall Field & Co., hasfour sons, Jimmie, 10, Rickie, 6, Johnnie, 3, and Roger, 2.41-42Warren Henry, PhD, is a physicist atthe Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D. C. He was elected a Fellowof the American Association for theAdvancement of Science.Paul Jordan has entered the privatepractice of surgery in Los Angeles andhas joined the faculty of the Universityof California Medical Center. He andhis wife, the former Lois Regnell, '43,have three children.From Robert Sehnert comes this news:"Still working in atomic energy researchat North American Aviation where wehave received a contract to carry outone of five major AEC projects to develop an atomic power reactor for peacetime application."FEBRUARY, 1955 Marie Nordsieck, who has been withthe U.S. Public Health Service since1944, is presently on assignment to Michigan State Health Dept., in Lansing,Mich., on a project of measuring theeffect of new tuberculosis drug therapyon number and durations of hospitalizations.Robert B. Smith, PhD, Dean of theSchool of Pharmacy of the Medical College of Virginia, has also assumed thepost of Assistant President.43Stanley Asplund is working for hisPhD in meteorology at Florida StateUniversity, in the "now-or-never stageof an endeavor that began with theA.A.F. meteorology training program atthe University of Chicago in 1943."Ruth Nicholson, MD '45, is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Arkansas School of Medicine.Jane Reinheimer is working in thefield of race relations for the American Friends Service Committee in Philadelphia.Raymond de Roover, PhD, was appointed Professor of Economics at theGraduate School of Boston College.44Carolyn Friedman Stieber received hermaster's degree in political science fromthe University of Pittsburgh in June.She and her husband, and their two33! life insurance protection foryour family during vital years . . .*%?* all premiumsreturned fitua dividends*p.C&... this is now possible through modern life insuranceplanning with the SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA, one ofNorth America's leading life companies. The new Sun Life Security Fund"insurance or money-back" plan enables you to provide life insurance protectionfor your family until you are 65 with a guarantee that, if you live to 65, all themoney you paid will be refunded to you in full . . . plus accumulated dividends.\yt # . * the proceeds at age 65 can be c) used to purchase a paid-up policy fora) used to provide an annuity; the original sum assured, with ab) left on deposit with a guaranteed balance which can be taken in cashrate of interest; or as a guaranteed income.o/if-.s^rr.tfc/sUN LIFE OF CANADA^representative in your | 607 Shelby St., Detroit 26, Mich.district for more i Without obligation, I would like more details of the newinformation about the Svn Ufe Security Fund plan.Sun Life "money-back" I nameplan, or mail this Icoupon today, i ADDRESS | AGE daughters are now in Cambridge, Mass.,where Jack is working on his PhD ineconomics at Harvard.Nancy Warner, MD '49, completed lastJuly her fourth and last year of residency in pathology at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital in Los Angeles.45J. Milo Anderson, MBA, is the newadministrator of the Strong MemorialHospital of the University of RochesterMedical Center. He is also Professor ofHospital Administration on the facultyof the School of Medicine and Dentistry.Mr. Anderson was formerly superintendent of the 600-bed Ohio State University Hospital.Robert Ransmeier, Jr., PhD '53, andhis wife, the former Janet Olson, '54, areliving in Denver, where Robert is teaching neurophysiology and doing researchwork on memory as related to nervecell structure and chemistry at the University of Colorado Medical School.Miss Hisako Tanaka, of Tokyo, Japan,is doing graduate research at the University of Tokyo, specializing in classical Japanese literature. Her translationinto Japanese of Dr. Robert Hutchins'Education for Freedom has been completed and plans for its publication areunderway. She would be happy to meetUniversity of Chicago graduates residing in the Tokyo area. Her address isc/o Dr. M. Fukuski, 24, 2-Chome, Yumi-Cho, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo.When last heard from, Thomas Tourlentes, MD '47, expected to be a civilianagain by now, and had planned to return to Chicago and the practice ofpsychiatry.46It's a third son for Janet Halliday Er-vin and her husband, Howard, in Cincinnati. David Mercer Ervin was bornJune 9, 1954. The other Ervin boys areHoward, 6, and Dennis, 2.PHOTOPRESS, INC.OFFSET-LITHOGRAPHYFine Co/or Work a SpeciallyQuality Book Reproduction731 Plymouth CourtWAbash 2-8182AJAX WASTE PAPER CO.1001 W\ North Ave.Buyers of Waste Paper500 pounds or moreScrap Metal and IronFor Prompt Service CallMr. B. Shedroff, LA 2-8354 Anne Harrington continues in her position as a news writer for the PulitzerPublishing Co., radio and television stations, KSD and KSD-TV, and is alsosecretary of the Post Dispatch unit, St.Louis Newspaper Guild.Joan Kohn is publicity director forthe Chicago Educational Television Association, which is sponsoring the proposed education station on Channel 11.She is also publicity director for theChicago USO.The Rev. Warren Lane has a secondchild, Christopher, born October 13,1953.47Thomas Connolly, AM, PhD '51, is inhis second year as an Assistant Professor of English at the University of Buffalo.Dolores Happ has returned from herstay abroad under the Fulbright programand has resumed her work in Chicagoin adult education in labor unions.Ira Lichton has completed his PhDin physiology at the University of Illinois and has returned to the Universitywhere he is a research associate atLying-in Hospital.Ted and Virginia Kelley Mills, DB'53, are living in Ipava, 111., where Tedis pastor of the Ipava PresbyterianChurch. They have a son, Douglas.Sanford Maremont, MBA, is production manager for the Grisley Manufacturing Co., Paulding, Ohio.Charles Ruth, MD '47, passed Part Iof the Orthopedic Board examinationslast April in San Francisco and is completing his training at FitzsimmonsArmy Hospital.The Rev. Glenn Stome is Pastor ofChrist Lutheran Church, New HydePark, Long Island, N. Y.James Sutherland, MD '50, has beenappointed Research Fellow in Pediatricsat Harvard Medical School. He is affiliated with Boston Lying-in Hospital.Robert W. Smith writes from MountSt. Michael's in Spokane, Wash., thathe has been a member of the Society ofJesus for the past five years, and ispresently working for his master's degree in philosophy. He will complete theSociety's long period of training in 1964after ordination to the priesthood in1962. He expects to do further academicwork in psychology and to work inthis field both teaching and clinically asa priest.Edward L. Wallace, MBA, is an Assistant Professor of Research at the HarvardGraduate School of Business Administration. He had been on the staff of theUniversity of Buffalo since 1951.48John Adams, PhD '51 is an AssistantProfessor of Geology at Rice Institutein Houston. His wife, the former AnnaDonchin, '53, is a. graduate student atRice in the Department of History. William Baker, AM, reports the samejob — teacher of communication skills —but a new child: William BradfordBaker, now two; a new home in Lansing,Michigan; and a new rank — AssistantProfessor at the University of Michigan.Thomas J. J. Altizer, AM '51 and aPhD candidate in the divinity school, hasbeen appointed Assistant Professor ofReligion at Wabash College, Crawfords-ville, Ind.Edna Leila Anderson, SM, is AssistantProfessor of Nursing at the Universityof Illinois.Whoops! Lewellyns againWe're addicted to the happy custom of beginning and ending theMagazine with pictures by Lewellyn. So here's another nice oneSteve took when he and wife Lois(Arnett) went East last spring.While Steve clicks the camera,Lois supplies the commentary:"We stopped in Summit, N. J.,where we visited the John Mc Bridefamily (Dolores Schulze). John'42, MBA '48, has been transferredto New York as chief buyer inthe office of Procter and Gamble.Dolores had almost finished redecorating the rented house theyhad moved into when we arrived.We don't know where she findstime for Leslie Ann, 4, and Bruce,2. Bruce is Steve's godson, andthe apple of his eye. Steve and Iare both terrified of Leslie becauseshe is so much smarter than eitherof us! Uncle Steve made a bigproduction of these photographs,and the kids were properly cooperative."THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBarbara Baskerville, AM, is the newresearch director of the Welfare Council of Toronto, Ontario. She was formerly chairman of the Research Department at the Atlanta UniversitySchool of Social Work.Word has been received in the AlumniOffice that Lewis Case, Jr., is a patientin the Veterans Hospital, Jefferson Barracks, in St. Louis. His stay there maybe a protracted one, so news and greetings from friends we feel sure would bemost welcome.Haskell Deutsch, AM '51, and EthelSchweitzer, AM '53, were married July11. Haskell is now in service at Ft.Sill, Okla. Before her marriage Ethelwas an instructor in English at theUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Mo.Dr. Stanley Lang, SB '49, SM '51, PhD'53, has been appointed to the facultyof Washington University School ofMedicine, St. Louis, Mo.Roger Dickerson, MBA, is a law partner in the firm of Beghtal, Mason, andAnderson, in Lincoln, Nebraska. He hastwo children: Douglas, 1, and Deirdra, 3.James Enochs, PhD, is "thoroughly enjoying" his work as college curriculumspecialist with the California State De partment of Education. "Am renewingacquaintance with Lily Detchen, PhD'42, on leave from Pennsylvania College for Women to help in a specialstudy of higher education in California."Arthur Garder, who received his PhDin math from Washington University inJanuary, '54, is now employed as amathematician for the United Gas Research Laboratory in Shreveport, La.He was married in November of '53 tothe former Jean Smith.Warren Petersen is associated in thepractice of law with Van Duzer, Ger-shon and Quinlan in Chicago.Jay Roshal, SM '50, PhD '53, is an Instructor in Botany at Oberlin College,Oberlin, Ohio.Cora Grace Lowe Nasemann and herson, Stephen, 5, are living in Ogdensburg,N. Y., where C. G. is a reporter for theOgdensburg Journal. Besides doing general reporting, she is the paper's artcritic, and is becoming a specialist in theeducational field.Joseph Scherer, PhD '51, has beenappointed to the staff of Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me., as lecturer in economics.Betty Scott writes from Washington: "I'm now enjoying some 'electives'through extension classes at the University of Washington. There are twolittle 'Scotty's': Terry, 5, and Jack, 3,who from present conversation will donothing but sail boats when they growup."William Storm, PhD '50, spent thesummer in Teheran, Iran, setting up atraining program in public administration as part of a contract between theForeign Operations Administration andthe University of Southern California.John Withall, PhD, joined the staff ofthe National Education Association inWashington, D. C. His major responsibilities are helping plan and implementthe conferences that the NEA stagesduring the year, and working with thedepartment of kindergarten and primaryeducation.Samuel Young is in his junior year atthe University of Oregon Medical School.49Erwin Hiebert, SM, PhD '53, has beenappointed Fulbright lecturer in the history of science at the Max Planck Insti-tut fur Physik at Gootingen, Germany,for this year. He is on leave of absenceDon't worry, Melvin! Those H&Dcorrugated boxes are indestructible!MANUFACTURERS OF QUALITY CORRUGATED BOXES FOR MORE THAN 50 YEARSSANDUSKY, OHIOFEBRUARY, 1955 35from San Francisco State College wherehe has been teaching physical chemistry.His wife, the former Elfrieda Franz, AM'46, has been named a recipient of aFulbright award to study musicology inGermany for the same period. Theirtwo daughters, Catherine and Margaret,are in Germany with their parents.James, MD, and Ruth Walker Smithare in Cleveland, where Jim is taking asurgical residency at the Crile VA Hospital. Ruth has a full-time job takingcare of their two sons: Stephen, 3, andThomas, 6 months.Jerome Steiner, AM '52, went to workfor Steiner's in Newark, N. J., aftergraduation, but is now a student at Columbia University where he is studyingfor his doctorate in social psychology.Harvey Downer Tschirgi, MBA, hasbeen appointed to the faculty of businessadministration at Muskingum College,New Concord, O.Charles Greene, SM '50, PhD '52, axheHrist, joined Shell Development Company's Emeryville (Calif.) Research Center in November.William Johnston, SM '52, PhD '54, hasbeen named a research associate inthe chemistry research department ofthe General Electric Research Laboratory, Schenectady, N. Y.Sun LifeAssuranceCompanyof Canada1 North La Salle St.Chicago 2, IllinoisRALPH J. WOOD, Jr., '48FR 2-2390 • GA 2-5273For DependableInsurance CounselingBusiness InsuranceEstate PlanningLife InsuranceAnnuities One man who should be able toget along with sergeants is WarnerGraf, '49. Warner entered the armyin December. He was studying fora master's in educational psychology when the interruption came.To pay expenses, he drove aYellow cab from 6:30 P.M. to 6A.M. Half a dozen students drivecabs in order to stay in school.They aren't too popular with otherdrivers, who find it difficult not toresent college men with theirstrange interests and vocabularies.Company officials, on the otherhand, welcome cultured driverswho know that courtesy pays.Warner, whose custom-tailor dadhas no room in the budget for college costs, has learned phychologythe practical way; Real Silk Hosiery sales, life guard, county caseworker. But driving a night cabwas the most lucrative: $10 to $20per day.Night club people are the besttippers: employes, because they liveon tips themselves, and customerswho seldom ask for change froma dollar bill on a 55-cent check.But Warner will have all expenses paid for the present. Whenhe has served his army stretch hewill return, with another note bookfull of psychological experiences,to continue with his master's inpsychology.Lewis Manilow is an assistant state'sattorney in Cook County.Robert C. Morton, JD '53, has openedlaw offices in Chicago, at 30 North LaSalle.50Lawrence Berlin, AM, has decided toleave the foreign service after five yearsof service abroad, in favor of "a morerelaxed and contemplative life at home."His most recent appointment was inNagasaki, Japan, as Director of theAmerican Cultural Center with responsibility for the U.S. overseas informationprogram in Southwestern Kyushu.E. Darnell Rucker, AM, is AssistantProfessor of Philosophy at Colorado College in Colorado Springs. MODEL CAMERA SHOPLeica-Exacta-Bolex-Rollei-Stereo1329 E. 55th St. HYde Park 3-92S9"Neighborhood Servicewith Downtown Selection"furniturelamps— fibre rugswrought iron accessoriestelevision— radiosphonos— appliancessporting goodsGuaranteed Repair* ofTV-Radio — Record Changersand electrical appliancesWE RENT TELEVISION SETS931 E. 55th It. Ml 34700Julian A. Tiihler '33LOWER YOUR COSTSIMPROVED METHODSEMPLOYEE TRAININGWAGE INCENTIVESJOB EVALUATIONPERSONNEL PROCEDURESRAND McNALLY & COMPANYConkey DivisionBook and CatalogPrinters and BindersCHICAGO • HAMMOND • NEW YORKRESULTS . . .depend on getting the detail* RIGHTPRINTINGImprinting-Processed Letters - TypewritingAddressing • Adressographing - FoldingMailing - Copy Preparation - MultillthA Complete Service for Direct Advertiser*Chicago Addressing Company722 So. Dearborn - Chicago 5 - WA 2-4561THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJean P. Jordan received the degree ofBachelor of Sacred Theology from General Theological Seminary, New York,in May, and was ordained deacon in theEpiscopal Church in Pittsburgh in June.He is now minister in charge of St.Thomas' Episcopal Church, Barnesboro,Pa., and Trinity Episcopal Church, Pat-ton, Pa.Ashjian Bros., inc.ESTABLISHED 1921Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED8066 South Chicago Phone REgent 4-6000YOUR FAVORITEFOUNTAIN TREATTAS TESBETTERWHEN IT'SA product C Swift & i7409 So.Phone Ri CompanyState StreetRAdcliffe 3-7400Webb-Linn Printing Co*Catalogs, PublicationsAdvertising LiteraturePrinters of the Universityof Chicago Magazine?A. 1. Weber, J.D. '09 1. S. Berlin, B.A. '09A. J. Falick, M.B.A. '51MOnroe 6-2900 Ernest Wright, MBA, is a member ofthe faculty of Gannon College, Erie, Pa.,teaching accounting.50-DAVID KAHN, PhD '53, anaeronautical research scientist atthe Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory of the National AdvisoryCommittee for Aeronautics, Cleveland, Ohio, has received a postdoctoral fellowship from the American Cancer Society to do researchon radiation physics at the NorskHydro's Institute for Cancer Research and at the University ofOslo, Oslo, Norway. He will spenda year there until September, 1955,doing research in this field withthe Institute's 31 million volt betatron.51Lewis Baron, who was the highestranking individual speaker of the Western Conference (Big Ten) DebateLeague, was one of 38 Harvard law students honored this fall by being electedto serve on the Harvard Legal AidBureau.Howard Donaldson, AM, spends hiswinters teaching at Technical VocationalHigh School in Hammond, and his summers helping friends build their homes.Robert D. Elhart, MBA, reports heand the Army have parted company,and he is now living in Belleville, Ontario, Canada.Thomas Latimer is a member of theadult education and also the coed commissions of the Chicago area YMCA's.He served as delegate from the fourthward to the State G.O.P. Conventionand to the 1954 General Assembly ofthe Church Federation. He has beenappointed a general agent by the Central Security Mutual Insurance Co., for motorists who are total abstainers, andto the Chicago Board of Underwriters.Mary-Claire Leonhardt Dinges andhusband, Charles V. Dinges, III, are liv-PARKER-HOLSMANReal Estate and Insurance1500 East 57th Street Hyde Park 3-2525UNIVERSITY NATIONAL BANK1354 East 55th Street" /4 tttitattf, fa*t*i"MemberFederal Deposit InsuranceCorporationB1RCK-FELLINGER CORP.ExclusiveCleaners & Dyers200 E. Marquette RoadPhone: WEntworth 6-5380BOYDSTON AMBULANCE SERVICEAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of Chicagophone NOrmal 7-2468NEW ADDRESS-1708 E. 71ST ST.RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING and DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMOnroe 6-3192GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Feinting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186FEBRUARY, 1955 37Golden Dirilyte(formerly Dirigold)FLATWARE & HOLLOW WAREComplete sets and open stockFINE BONE CHINAAynsley, Royel Crown Derby, Spode andOther Famous Makes of Fine China. AlsoCrystal, Table Linen and Gifts.COMPLETE TABLE APPOINTMENTSDirigo, Inc.70 E. Jackson Blvd. Chicago 4, III.CLARK-BREWERTeachers Agency70th YearNationwide ServiceFive Offices — One Fee64 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoMinneapolis — Kansas City, Mo.Spokane — New YorkSince 1885ALBERTTeachers' AgencyThe best in placement service for University.College, Secondary and Elementary. Nationwide patronage. Call or write us at25 E. Jackson Blvd.Chicago 4, III.Z)keCxcluilve Cleaner AWe operate our own drycleaning plantTHREE HOUR SERVICE1331 East 57th St. 5319 Hyde Park Blvd.Midway 3-0602 NOrmal 7-9858Office & Plant1442 East 57th Street Midway 3-0608 ing in El Paso, Texas. Mary-Claire is acopy writer for American Furniture Co.,and says, "I write about Happy Homesand Sad Sofas for one of the largestfurniture stores in the country; andCharles, (who is a lieutenant in theArmy) defends all of us from the Communists. I have turned my excellentUniversity training to the lowest of thearts — The Fast Buck." After leaving theUniversity Mary-Claire earned a secondBA and an MA, both in art, at Michigan State College. She hopes to returnto do night work at the University — "Mymind will need dusting by then" — upontheir return to Chicago, and Charles islooking forward to doing graduate workhere.William D. Serbyn, MA '53, is a part-time instructor at the University ofMinnesota, Minneapolis, in the department of mathematics.Harriet Harvey, PhD, University ofOklahoma Assistant Professor of Zoology, has been awarded a $12,000 two-year research grant from the PublicHealth Service for a comparative studyof vertebrate submaxillary glands.Ernest D. Nielsen, PhD, is now listedin Who's Who in America. His mostrecent post includes membership on theexecutive committee of the Des MoinesAdult Education Council. 5352Delbert Achuff, DB, is a minister atthe Congregational Christian Church inLakemont, N. Y., and also a teacher atthe Lakemont Academy.Margaret R. Houston, AM, has beenappointed to the faculty of the Schoolof Applied Social Sciences at WesternReserve University, Cleveland, O.John Clawson Imhoff, MBA, has beennamed administrator of Polyclinic Hospital, Cleveland, O.Carl Merisalo, MBA, is plans personnelmanager of Kraft Foods Co., at the Hillside, N. J., plant.John Pixton, PhD, is teaching American history at Penn State University.Max L. Rowe, MBA, has been electedsecretary of Mead Johnson & Co., Evansville, Ind., pharmaceutical firm. Heis a graduate of the famed Executives'Program.Capt. Bernard Turkla is in Alaska withthe 42nd Engineer Construction Battalion, U.S.A.F.Arthur Solomon made his debut inChicago politics this fall as Democraticcaptain for the 40th precinct in theFifth Ward. He is working on his MAin International Relations, and sharesan apartment with William Pozen, whois in his second year of law school at theUniversity.Stephen Ellner should be back incivilian life by now — in Rockville Centre,N. Y., after serving 16 months in theArmy in Trieste and one month in Leghorn, Italy, following the evacuation ofTrieste by U.S. troops.C. R. Jordan, MBA '53, is an accountant in Bogota, Colombia. Army Pvt. Ross Federico, AM, is nowserving with the I Corps in Korea. Anassistant postal clerk with the corps'10th Army Postal Unit, Ross entered theArmy in February '54, and arrived overseas last August.Jean Morley, AM, writes that her husband, James, AM, was the youngestsuccessful candidate for the certificateof principal in Chicago's examinationgiven a year ago.Fowler Osborne, AM, is president ofthe Western Michigan Chemical Society. He served a previous term aspresident in 1949-50.PFC. JAMES A. DRAYTON,AM, was recently named Soldierof the Week for the 32nd Engineer Combat Battalion at FortCarson, Colo. An information specialist, he was selected in competition on a basis of his neatness,knowledge of military subjects andefficient performance of assignedduties. He is 23, and a member ofOmega Psi Phi fraternity. Hishome is in West Palm Beach, Fla.Hilda Davis, PhD, is research coordinator at Governor Bacon Health Center,Delaware City, Del., a residential treatment center for maladjusted, cerebralpalsied, and epileptic children. She isengaged in a five year follow-up studyof children discharged from the center.Leokadya J. Kozlowski, AM, is teaching third grade in Long Beach, Calif.Although she has had two previous years'RgktVofoui 55!Join fJwMARCH OF DIMESJfUUWJW 3 J?/38 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESidewalksFactory FloorsMachineFoundationsConcrete BreakingNOrmal 7-0433TheHOTEL SHERRY53rd and the Lake— FAirfax 4-1000BANQUETS — DANCESOur Specialtyalumni are alwayswelcome at theHotel Del PradoFifty-Third Street andHyde Park BoulevardHYde Park 3-9600MIRA-MAR HOTEL350 Rooms— BathCoffee Shop, Valet, etc.Lovely Accommodationsfrom $4 to $66220 Woodlawn Avenue"Just three blocks from campus"PLaza 2-1100HAROLD BISHOP, Manager5487 LAKE PARK AVE.CHICAGO, ILLINOIS£for J\.eservaiLom Uall: experience at teaching in the UniversityReading Clinic and as a substitute inthe Chicago public schools, this is herfirst year as a regular classroom teacher,and she is "very happy" at it, she writes.While on a tour of the harbor near hernew home, Leokadya saw a 65-footwhale. Among her Long Beach neighbors are Lucille M. Mozzi, MA '51, whohas been promoted to elementary schoolcounselor since her return from a yearof graduate study at the University; andCharles Wharton, who was at the Counselling Center until '51. Charles and hiswife are the parents of Jan, 3, andCharles, Jr., 14 months. Other alumnineighbors are Agnes Hwun-Giat Yao,MA '50, now Mrs. Lawrence Kwan andthe mother of two youngsters, and Matilda Ma Tsao, MA '52, who has onedaughter. Union High School in Caruthers, Calif.,just south of Fresno.54Lee Jay Vickman, JD, has been admitted to the Illinois Bar. He is now on alaw fellowship at George WashingtonUniversity, Washington, D. C.Frank Zepezauer, AM, is teaching English, speech and dramatics at CaruthersPENDERCatch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sumps-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUEFAirfax 4-0550PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICEBEST BOILER REPAIR& WELDING CO.24 HOUR SERVICELicensed • Bonded • InsuredQualified WeldersSubmerged Water HeatersHAymarket 1-79171404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoBUtterfield 8-4960 Since 1878HANNIBAL, INC.Furniture RepairingUpholstering • RefinishingAntiques Restored1919 N. Sheffield Ave. • LI 9-7180Wasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phone: Butterfield 8-2116-7-8-9Wasson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wasson Does IIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllltHIf or yourI JUNE1 CALENDARSPRINGREUNIONWednesday througlSaturdayJUNE 1-4ROCKEFELLERcould afford to pay $6, $7, $8, $9, andmore for vitamins. Can you? We havedeveloped a system of distributing vitamins by mail order only which will saveyou up to 50%. Eliminate the commission of 4 or 5 middlemen. 20 elementformula with ALL vitamins and mineralsfor which need has been established, plus6 others. 100 capsules — $3.15. We payall postage in continental United States.Write today for free literature:SPRINGER & DASHNAU(U. of Chicago, AB '51, AM '52)3125 Miller St., Dept. A, Phila. 34, Pa.HYLAN A. NOLANCONTRACTORPLASTERINGREPAIRING A SPECIALTY5341 S. LAKE PARK AVE.Telephone DOrchester 3-1579FEBRUARY, 1955 39LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: HYde Park 3-9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERAny Insurance Problems?Phone or WriteJoseph H. Aaron, '27135 S. LaSalle Street • RA 6-1060Chicago 3, IllinoisPhones OAkland 4-0690—4-0691—4-0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueSARGENT'S DRUG STOREAn Ethical Drug Store for 1 00 YearsChicago's most completeprescription stock23 N. Wabash Avenue670 N. Michigan AvenueChicagoHyde Park Chevrolet5506 Lake Park AvenueComplete FacilitiesNew & Used Cars and TrucksCall DO 3-8600Satisfaction GuaranteedB-Z AUTOMOTIVECOMPLETE FRONT SYSTEM CHECK ANDESTIMATE: $1.50 (APPLIED TO REPAIRBILL). QUALITY BODY AND FENDERWORK AT REASONABLE RATES: FREEESTIMATE. LUBRICATION AND ROADSERVICE. AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONSADJUSTED-REPAIRED.MOTOR TUNE-UP SPECIALAIR FILTER AND PLUGS CLEANED • TESTVOLUME AND PRESSURE IN FUEL PUMP •TEST COIL • SET TIMING AND CARBURETOR • COMPRESSION CHECK • POINTSAND CONDENSER INSTALLED • 6 CYLINDERS $5.50, MOST 8'S $6.50 PLUS PARTS.MOTOR AND CLUTCH OVERHAULINGBRAKES ADJUSTED AND RELINEDDO 3-0100 5547 HARPER AVE. Memoriala IThe Rev. Dr. Richard Miner Vaughan,DB '98, died on December 28, in Orlando,Fla. He is survived by two sons, RichardVaughan of Princeton, N. J., and Way-land Vaughan of Needham, Mass., andfive grandchildren.Joseph Louis Baer, '01, SM '02, RushMD '03, died December 8, in Chicago.Albert Cassel Wieand, '01, 83-year-oldretired Chicago religious educator, diedJuly 24. He founded the Bethany Biblical Seminary in Chicago in 1905 and wasits president until 1932. Thereafter hewas a professor of Biblical literature anddevotional life at the seminary untilhis retirement in 1946.Armas Higgins, '02, of Los Angeles,died September 28.Florence Morrison, '02, AM '04, diedon December 2, at her home in Indianapolis. In 1924 she joined the facultyat Butler University as Assistant Professor of Romance Languages. Whenshe retired in 1951, she was AssociateProfessor of Spanish.Albert Lake, JD '14, died November 7.He was a retired attorney, having practiced law in Chicago from 1904 until1953.William Lloyd Evans, PhD '05, diedon October 18 in Columbus, Ohio. Hewas a chemist and chairman of OhioState University's Department of Chemistry from 1928 until his retirement in1941. Dr. Evans was noted for his workin carbohydrates. He won the WilliamNichols Medal in 1929 and the AmericanInstitute of Chemists Medal in 1942 andwas a past president of the AmericanChemical Society.Dr. Hjorleifur Kristjanson, '07, Milwaukee surgeon and physician for manyyears, died September 19. He was afellow of the American College of Surgeons, a secretary of the Milwaukee -Madison subsidiary board of the National Board of Medical Examiners anda member of the Milwaukee Academyof Medicine.Raymond Foss Bacon, PhD '04, diedOctober 14 at his home in Bronxville,N. Y. He was a consulting engineerand the inventor of many processes nowused in. the petroleum, sulphur andmining industries. He was a formerdirector of the Mellon Institute for Industrial Research in Pittsburgh, and in1939 was scientific adviser to the government of the Philippines.The Rev. James Henry Larson, '06,for many years a Congregational minister in Watertown, N. Y., died November 1 of a heart attack while attending a dinner at the Union League Club.Henry Mendelsohn, '07, a Chicagoan,died July 12. Lucretia Daniels Pearson (Mrs. J. P.)'07, died October 4.Charles C. Pape, '09, a retired investment broker in Chicago, died September 26.Frank Templeton, '09, of HighlandPark, 111., died December 10. He wasa partner of Gillis & Co., lumber wholesalers in Chicago.Verne Swaim, PhD '14, died January5, 1954, of a heart attack. He was chiefscientist, advisor and consultant to thecommanding officer on all research andtest work at the Naval Aviation Ordnance Test Station, Chincoteague, Virginia. He is survived by his widow,Gladys Ditewig Swaim, '14.J. Sydney Salkey, '10, died in November, 1954, in St. Louis. He was anattorney in St. Louis for 43 years anda senior member of the law firm ofSalkey and Jones.Elizabeth W. Baker, AM '12, was killedon May 11, in an auto crash near Fulton, Ark. She had been a high schoolteacher in Dallas, Tex., and later anEnglish professor at Mary WashingtonCollege in Virginia. She retired in 1949and had returned to Dallas to live.Joseph G. Masters, '12, AM '15, diedlast May 19 at the age of 81, in Smeth-port, Pa. A devoted educator, he hadserved from 1915 to 1939 as principalof Central High School in Omaha. Hewas the first to suggest a National HonorSociety for high schools and wrote theconstitution which it adopted in 1921. Hewas the author of Stories of the FarWest and Shadows Across the LittleHorn. He is survived by his widow,Helen Smith Masters, '06.Earl N. Rhodes, 80-year-old retiredteacher, died November 6, in St. Petersburg, Fla. He taught for 20 years atBloomsburg, Pa., State Teachers' Collegebefore retiring.Jane Louise McGrath, AM '19, diedJune 26 in Oswego, N. Y. She had retired in 1941 from the faculty of Pennsylvania State Normal College.Dwight Yoder, '20, died May 21.John Xan, SM '22, PhD '26, died August 12, in Birmingham, Ala. He wasProfessor and Head of the Departmentof Chemistry, at Howard College.Kenneth Jones, '25, died last June. Hewas a partner in the law firm of Simon,Jones, and Ratliff, of Fort Worth, Tex.Jacob Gross, AM '37, died last August,in Worcester, Mass.Richard C. Jacobs, '22, AM '26, diedDecember 25 in Dallas, Texas. He was aprincipal in the Dallas public school for27 years.Florence Aline Austin, 17, MD '18,died September 20, in Ukiah, California.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEQr When is a smile a safety emblem?J*^^ When it is worn behindthe wheel of an automobileby a person courteous enoughto do unto others as hewould like others to do unto him,Be Careful ... the life you save may be your own!A public service message preparedby The Advertising Council in cooperation with the National Safety Council.CHICAGOWEDGWOODDINNER PLATES>1 Four plates to each set withFour different campus scenes1 ROCKEFELLER CHAPEL2 MITCHELL TOWER3 HULL COURT GATE4 HARPER LIBRARYIdeal Gifts - as sets or IndividuallyA limited edition with only 200 sets remainingThe Alumni Association5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, IllinoisEnclosed find $ for which please send me thefollowing Wedgwood Ware: (immediate delivery) : set(s) of Chicago dinner plates at $12(Not sold singly)NAME ADDRESS.. THE PLATESTen-inch Traditional QueensWare in Williamsburg sepia andDysert glaze. Borders arefrom Gothic design on Ryerson.Delivered to your door12 per set