The Dangerous Duty. . . by Robert Redfield W*% Soc. H— What Is It?. . by David RiesmanTHEUNIVERSITYOF CHICAGOLIBRARYChemistry makes it yours!A whole new world of better products is being created to serve you IThe great progress made in American chemistry has beenin the past 30 years . . . within the lifetime of most of us.Versatile plastics— health-giving wonder drugs— fine man-made fabrics . . . they're only a few of the modern chemicalachievements which have opened up a whole new world ofbetter living for all of us.Vision— 75 Years AgoThough the greatest advances have been made withinthree decades, the foundation for this progress was laid bythe pioneering American, chemists who 75 years ago hadthe vision to form the American Chemical Society. Theirsociety has grown from a handful of members to well over60,000— the world's largest professional scientific organization. The people of Union Carbide are glad to pay tribute to the American Chemical Society on its Diamond Jubilee,and on the occasion of the World Chemical Conclave.Union Carbide Grows With ScienceChemistry and the related fields of physics and metallurgy have long been major interests of Union Carbide. Theapplication of these sciences to producing new and bettermaterials has been the backbone of UCC's growth.FREE: Learn more about the interesting things you use every day. Write forthe 1951 edition of the booklet "Products and Processes"' which tells howscience and industry use the ALLOYS. CARBONS, CHEMICALS, GASES, andPLASTICS made by Union Carbide. Ask for free booklet L.Union CarbideAND CARBON CORPORATION30 EAST 42ND STREET Enn NEW YOBK 17, N. Y. Trade-marked Products of Alloys, Carbons, Chemicals, Gases, and Plastics include Synthetic Organic Chemicals • Prestone and Trek Anti-Freezes - Bakelite, Krene, and Vinylite PlasticsNATIONAL Carbons • Eveready Flashlights and Batteries • ACHESON ElectrodesPREST-O-LlTE Acetylene • LiNDE Oxygen • PYROFAX Gas • ELECTROMET Alloys and Metals • Haynes Steli.ITE Alloysrv lento f^adMoritorium on modestyWe can't tell you this story withoutsounding immodest, but how else can weshare it with you?We had received so many complimentson the new format and features of theMagazine that we decided to enter it incompetition with 750 other alumni magazines—to see how we rated nationally.The judges included two editors of Harpers and two editors of Readers Digest.The magazines are judged in six categories.We won firsts in appearance, educationalfeatures, and special articles; honorablemention in alumni news and faculty news.Johns Hopkins Magazine won the Magazine of the Year award— with an attractiveformat, lots of pictures artistically arranged,and well-written articles. But the judgesadded an honorable mention."The University of Chicago Magazinefor its handsome format, all-round coverage and mature intellectual quality. If thejudges had been asked to make a second-place award, the vote would have gone toChicago."All credit for this near-sweepstakes recognition goes to last year's editor-in-chief:Laura Bergquist. With untiring enthusiasm, alert imagination, and real talent forwriting and editing, she edged the Magazine to the rail and nosed it to the headof the pack in a year's time.It was quoted everywhere, articles weresold to national pocket magazines forbriefing, and the fan mail became consistently flattering.Then we lose an editor . . .Back from receiving our magazine awardsof merit we opened our mail to learn thateditor Bergquist had been lured to NewYork to become associate editor of pocketmonthly: Pageant.We were not surprised. Early in thespring they had persuaded her to fly to NewYork to consider the position. She had decided against the change but, as weeksrolled on, it was obvious Pageant had not.With the June Magazine off the pressand the July Tower Topics "to bed," Lauradecided to spend her vacation in thePageant editorial offices— on a sort of testrun. Pageant won.• . . and gain a reprieveTwo days after receiving Laura Berg-quist's resignation Don Morris, '36, walkedin.Don had graduated from the editorshipof student humor magazine, Phoenix, tothe University's press relations office.In 1943 he joined the staff of Life magazine in Chicago, was transferred to Dallas,on to Washington and finally to Boston.After more than six years of this topflight editorial experience he purchased ahome in Taos, New Mexico, to do editorial,news, and picture reporting for such publications as daily Santa Fe New Mexican;the Taos El Crepusculo, and the DenverPost.Now he wished to return to the Midwest with his family: Cathleen Lautner, aChicago alumna of 1935-36; Marcia, 9;Donald, 5; and James, 2. Our negotiationswere- successful all 'round. Working with Greystone Studios. Inc.GORDONDon, on a part-time basis is Audrey Neff,'39 (Mrs. George E. Probst). As a studentAudrey was everything from president ofthe Y.W.C.A. to an Aide. She is marriedto classmate George Probst, director of ourRadio Office (and the famous N.B.C.Round Table). They have two future U.of Chicagoans; Patricia, 8; and Barbara, 6.Mother will help edit while the youngstersare in school.You are reading the first issue under thisnew editorial team.New association officersHarold J. Gordon, '17, officer with Halsey Stuart & Co., has been elected presidentof the Alumni Association to succeed Arthur A. Baer, '18. The new vice-presidentis Barbara Miller Simpson, '18, succeedingEsther Cook Pease, '35.Both officers were active in student affairs; both were particularly athletic; Barbara on the women's tennis, baseball, andbasketball teams and Harold (Kitty) was a SIMPSONstar half back on the varsity squad.Both have since been active Universitysupporters; both have served effectively onthe Alumni Foundation Board and in otheralumni capacities. In fact they will makean effective team in directing the destiniesof the Association in the year ahead.On the newsstandsThe October issue of Holiday is devoted to the city of Chicago. The section,beginning on Page 110, is titled "Battlefieldof Learning" by Robert M. Hutchins.There are a number of color pictures including a scene in front of Cobb Hall.Memorial hospitalThe government of Burma has built ahospital in Rangoon, one wing of whichis named for Howard R. Ogburn, '34, sonof our distinguished service professor ofsociology, William F. Ogburn. Howarddied in Rangoon in the fall of 1949 whileon a mission for the U.N.— H.W.M.MORRIS, PROBSTHiOCTOBER, 1951A young man's career wassigned, sealed and delivered inWe were sitting around after lunchthe other day— Bill Howell, FrankParsons and I — having our coffee andtalking about this and that, and the subject got around to how we all got startedin the work we were doing.I'd told them how winning an essaycontest in school had put me on the roadto being a writer of sorts instead of theengineer I thought I was going to be, andthen Bill Howell explained how, as a younglad, he had become interested in architecture through watching them remodel hisfather's grocery store.I turned to Frank Parsons and said,"Looks as if you're the only one here whofollowed his father's footsteps, Frank.Was that by accident, or by choice, orwhat?"Frank tamped some tobacco in his pipeand grinned. "Well, it's quite a story, butif you're really interested, I'll tell you . . ."He held a match to his pipe and puffedthoughtfully for a moment and then wentorf. "My dad always wanted me to gointo the same business he was in, but henever tried to talk me into it. He wantedme to do whatever I thought I could dobest, and let me have my own way aboutchoosing a career."One day after I got out of college backin 1920, I stopped at Dad's office to tellhim I was going across town to see abouta job I'd heard was open at the mill. Dadsaid that was fine and wished me luck.Then he picked up a couple of envelopesfrom his desk and said, 'As long as you'regoing over that way, Frank, would youmind dropping this off for me?' He handedme one of the envelopes, shoved the otherin his coat pocket and said, T want to de liver this one myself because it's prettyimportant — and it will save me some timeif you take the other.' "Frank Parsons put down his pipe andsaid, "I never did get to the mill that day— or any other. After I delivered the envelope I went back to Dad's office andasked him how soon I could start workingfor him."Bill Howell leaned across the table andsaid, "What happened that made youchange your mind?"Frank Parsons smiled and said, "It wasthat envelope. It was addressed to awoman who lived on the way to the mill,and she opened it while I was standingthere. Inside it was a check from NewYork Life. Her husband had died just ashort while before and left her with foursmall children, and — well, I guess you justnever know what life insurance is all aboutuntil you see what it means to people . . ."Bill Howell nodded. "That was a prettysmart stunt of your father's — sending youon an errand like that, knowing that it might be the one thing that would swingyou over to being a New York Life agentlike himself."We pushed back our chairs, and as wewere leaving the table Frank Parsonssaid, "That's the funny part of the wholething. Dad was in such a hurry and theenvelopes looked so much alike that hegave me the wrong one! He thought he'dsent me over to pay the gas bill I"NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY61 Madison Avenue, New York 10, N. Y.Naturally, names used in this story are fictitious.Few occupations offer a man so much inthe way of personal reward as life underwriting. Many New York Life agents arebuilding very substantial futures for themselves by helping others plan ahead fortheirs. If you would like to know moreabout a life insurance career, talk it overwith the New York Life manager in yourcommunity— or write to the Home Officeat the address above.2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEl^eaderA LjuldeInspired by alumni requests, this ReadersGuide makes its autumn debut as a serviceto our alumni readers who wish brief notesand recommendations from experts aboutnew books in various fields.Since the sizzling situation in revolutionary Asia threatens the peace and destiny ofthe whole world, it seems appropriate toinaugurate this column by calling on threefaculty experts for a list of recent booksabout that troubled and troubling area.That alumni readers may better understand the challenge of Asia, the followingbooks are submitted.— A.N. P.EARL H. PRITCHARD, associate professor of Far Eastern History and Institutions, forwards the following recommendations:FERMENT IN THE FAR EAST. ByMary A. Nourse. Bobbs-Merrill, $3.75.Provides good background material aswell as a survey of current developments.THE STATE OF ASIA. Edited by Lawrence K. Rosinger. Knopf, $6.A factual survey of the situation in eachof the countries of eastern and southernAsia with a minimum of interpretation.MODERN FAR EASTERN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, By H. F. MacNair-and Donald Lach. Van Nostrand, $5.85.A comprehensive survey and interpretation which emphasizes the 20th century.ASIA'S LANDS AND PEOPLES. ByGeorge B. Cressey. McGraw-Hill, $9.Best standard treatment of the geographical backgrounds of developments in Asia.THE ROAD TO PEARL HARBOR. ByHerbert Feis. Princeton, $5.Most thorough and balanced accountavailable of the coming of war with Japan,THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN.By Edwin O. Reischauer. Harvard, $4.A sound analysis of the contemporaryproblems of Japan with adequate historicalsetting.THE OCCUPATION OF JAPAN: SECOND PHASE. By Robert A. Fearey. Mac-millan, $3.A detailed account and analysis of recentoccupation policy in Japan.KOREA TODAY. By George M. Mc-Cune. Harvard, $5.Account of Korea since the end of WorldWar II with some discussion of the Japanese occupation. Provides a background toan understanding of the Korean war.THE KOREANS AND THEIR CULTURE. By Cornelius Osgood. RonaldPress, $5.Account of recent developments in Korea by an anthropologist.THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA.By John K. Fairbank. Harvard, $3.75.Sound analysis of the contemporaryChinese scene with adequate historicalsetting.CHINESE COMMUNISM AND THERISE OF MAO. By Benjamin Schwartz.Harvard, $4.50.Best available account of Chinese communism.SOVIET RUSSIA AND THE FAREAST. By David J. Dallin. Yale, $5.Most up-to-date account of Russian policyand aims in the Far East.THE NEW WORLD OF SOUTHEASTASIA. By Lennox A. Mills and associates.Minnesota, $5.Excellent survey, country by country, ofcurrent developments and problems. SOCIAL FORCES IN SOUTHEASTASIA. By Cora DuBois. Minnesota, $2.A penetrating anthropological interpretation of developments.INDIA, PAKISTAN, CEYLON. Editedby W. Norman Brown. Cornell, $3.A survey by specialists of the history andculture of India.INDIA AFIRE. By Clare and HarrisWofford, Jr. John Day, $4.Interpretative account of the problemsand recent developments in India.GEORGE CARSON, JR., assistant professor of modern history, suggests the following:SOVIET TRADE WITH EASTERNEUROPE, 1945-1949. By Margaret Dewar.$2.SOVIET TRADE UNIONS: THEIRPLACE IN SOVIET LABOR POLICY. ByIsaac Deutscher. $2.Both of these books are publications ofthe Royal Institute for International Affairs which has an outstanding record forreliability in investigation and intelligentanalysis. Of these the first surveys the effects of the creation of large economic areasby regional agreements; the second is bythe author of a recent excellent biographical study of Stalin as a political leader.INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT INTHE USSR. By A. Arakelian. Public Affairs Press, $3.Translation of an authoritative discussion of the subject by a Soviet analyst.THE SOVIET UNION: BACKGROUND,IDEOLOGY, REALITY; a Symposium.Edited by Waldemar Gurian. Notre DamePress, $3.50.Essays by outstanding students in thiscountry of Soviet affairs, on the nature ofpolice states, on economic penetration, andon religious oppression in central andeastern Europe.RUSSIA'S SOVIET ECONOMY. ByHarry Schwartz. Prentice Hall, $6.65.A descriptive analysis by a leading American writer on Soviet economic affairs.THE SOVIET IMAGE OF THEUNITED STATES: a Study in Distortion.By Frederick C. Barghoorn. Harcourt,Brace, $4.Propaganda and public opinion in Russia as seen by an American representative(now professor at Yale) in Russia duringthe war and post-war period.JUSTICE IN RUSSIA: An Interpretation of Soviet Law. By Harold J. Berman.Harvard University Press, $4.75.SOVIET POLITICS; THE DILEMMAOF POWER: the Role of Ideas in SocialChange. By Barrington Moore, Jr. $6.Both of these books are interesting analyses of Soviet society produced by theInstitute for Russian Studies at HarvardUniversity.RUSSIA'S EDUCATIONAL HERITAGE.By William H. E. Johnson. Carnegie, $5.An historical account of the Russianeducational system; a pioneer in its field,and an important contribution to the understanding of Russian educational institutions.TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OFTHE USSR: A Study in Government, Politics, and Economic Planning. By MichaelT. Florinsky. Macmillan, $3. Revised edition. An up-to-date version of this emigreRussian historian's well-known interpretation of Soviet society.SOVIET RUSSIAN LITERATURE, 1917-1950. By Gleb Struve. Oklahoma University Press, $5.The author is one of the best knownemigre interpreters of Russian literaryhistory.Recommended by GEORGE V. BOBRINSKOY, associate professor of Sanskrit. Bornand raised in Russia. Professor Bobrinskoymoved to Yugoslavia in 1920; entered theUniversity of Pennsylvania in 1923; joinedthe Yale faculty in 1926; and has been atChicago since 1928. He has been directingChicago's Russian courses since the deathof Samuel Harper in 1943.SMERSH. By Nicola Semivirsky. Holt,$2.75.The title of this book is the Russianinitials of "death to the spies." This isan edited diary of a young Russian whosucceeded in becoming a member of Russia's dreaded secret police organization.We have in recent years seen in print anumber of accounts of the organization andprocedure of the M.V.D. (formerly knownas Cheka, G.P.U., N.K.V.D.). It is quitesufficient to recollect Koestler's "Darknessat * Noon."Semivirsky's book does not add anything specifically new, but I do mentionit here because it has been recently madethe basis of an article in the Reader'sDigest, where it was quoted as a proofof the vulnerability of the Russian secretpolice system.Now I know nothing about the underground organization to which Mr. Semivirsky belonged; but the past experienceof similar Russian underground organizations forces me to be extremely cautious.As a rule, the Russian secret police managed quite successfully to infiltrate theseunderground organizations and to liquidate them at a suitable moment.AMERICA FACES RUSSIA. By T. A.Bailey. Cornell, $4.This is a scholarly study of our relations with Russia from the earliest timesdown to the present, written by an historian from Stanford university. The mainemphasis is placed on American publicopinion with regard to the diplomaticproblems which developed between thetwo countries.The general conclusion is that on thewhole the relations were friendly in spiteof many serious difficulties. But in thefinal chapters of the book the authorcomes to the conclusion that underlyingconditions have radically changed andthat now America and Russia face eachother as enemies. Any enduring peace canbe achieved only if the techniques andultimate aims of Russian communism arevery substantially modified. While the bookis primarily a scholarly study, it is atthe same time attractively written andeven exhibits a very nice sense of humor.(The following book is given a longerreview by Mr. Bobrinskoy because itachieves a high degree of readability without sacrificing authority.— A.N.P.)CRACKS IN THE KREMLIN WALL.By Edward Crankshaw. Viking, $3.50.This is one of the most provocativelyinteresting books on present-day Russiathat has appeared in recent years. Theauthor was in Moscow as a member ofthe British intelligence services during thecritical years of 1941-43. Later on he returned to Russia as newspaper correspondent in 1947. In the meantime he seemsOCTOBER, 1951 3to have absorbed an extraordinary amountof information concerning Russia in thefields of history, politics, and literature.The result is the present book, which isdivided into four parts.In the first part Crankshaw examinesthe reasons why communism found Russiaa particularly fertile field. It is this partof his book which to my mind is leastconvincing. The author here attempts aphilosophical explanation of the inevitability of Lenin's success in Russia. Hereconstructs, on the basis of Russian history, literature and philosophy, the theorythat the Russian is basically an anarchist;consequently, when practical action isneeded, he can be managed only throughthe severest type of autocracy. Reference,of course, to the Tsars and eventually toLenin and Stalin.This statement of mine is probably anoversimplification of Crankshaw 's veryinteresting argument. But it seems to methat Russia's history, abounding in constant invasions of foreign conquerors, canprovide an equally likely explanation forthe prevalence of autocracy as a form ofgovernment.In the second part of his book Crankshaw deals with Stalin. He shows very convincingly indeed that Stalin merely developed the main lines of policy establishedby Lenin. This is, of course, contrary tothe ideas fashionable in certain radicalcircles, where Lenin is worshipped as asaint and Stalin condemned as the devilwho perverted the great ideas of histeacher. In my opinion, the author ishere on absolutely solid ground.In the third part of the book, entitled"Cold War," Crankshaw deals with theevents since 1945 and particularly since1947, which last date he regards as thereal beginning of the unfortunate presentstate of affairs. Crankshaw was in Russiain 1947 and at that time he wrote a seriesof articles in which he emphasized theimportance of various decisions made bythe Politbureau at that time. As hehimself admits, he was only partially rightin the prognosis he made at that time. Hepredicted a greater degree of isolationand less active fomenting of revolutionarymovements in the West and elsewhere.Admitting these mistakes of judgment,he nevertheless draws a very convincing picture of what the Cold War costs Russia.We are, of course, constantly reminded ofwhat the cold war costs us and are lesslikely to think that it costs the Russiansanything. So it is good to have a saneestimate of the situation on the other sideof the Iron Curtain.In the fourth part of the book, entitled"Cracks in the Kremlin Wall," the authormakes a careful appraisal of what wemay regard as Russia's weaknesses, presentand potential. In the first place, he remindsus that at least five per cent of the adultpopulation of the country are in prisoncamps. He gives a very lucid explanationas to the reasons for this state of affairs.He further gives a very cautious, butto my mind very reliable, estimate of theperformance of the Russian soldiers duringthe last World War, pointing out thatduring the first months of the war enormous masses of Russians surrendered tothe Germans and that hundreds of thousands of these eventually volunteered tofight against Stalin. It was only the insanepolicies and practices of Hitler that convinced the Russians that they had noother choice but desperate resistance.Further, Crankshaw reviews briefly Russia's present-day industrial production andpoints out quite correctly that America andits Western allies are still overwhelmingly ahead for decades to come. He adds, ofcourse, the note of caution that the samestandards cannot be used, particularlywhen comparing America and Russia,where most of America's normal productionis used for the ultimate benefit of theconsumers, while most of the Russianproduction goes to the building up ofheavy industry and of the war potential,since the standard of living in Russia isso much lower than in the West.On the basis of the total evidence,Crankshaw concludes that Russia is notlikely to engage in any major war of conquest during the next generation. He isof course, apprehensive of possible fatalcomplications due to unforeseen international incidents and inept diplomacy, etc.On the whole, I consider this a very stimulating and sobering book.One of the chapters of Mr. Crankshaw'sbook is devoted to the Marr incident.In the summer of 1950 there took placeon the pages of Pravda, the most importantRussian newspaper, a "free" discussion ofthe linguistic situation in Russia. I willnot go into the details on this subject,but will just point out that a completerecord of this episode is now available inEnglish translation, entitled THE SOVIETLINGUISTIC CONTROVERSY. King'sCrown Press, $2. I will only say that thispublication presents an excellent picture of how things are done in Soviet Russiaand of what an effect Stalin's interventionproduces.INDIA, PAKISTAN, CEYLON. Editedby W. Norman Brown. Cornell, $3.Forsaking Russia, I would like to turnto my other field of interest and to callattention to a very useful handbook onIndia. Here nine scholars, each one aspecialist in his field, present the pertinentbasic facts concerning India, Pakistan andCeylon. The presentation is admirablyobjective and the reader can draw hisown conclusions. I wish we had morebooks of this type in regard to the restof Asia.(f-joofedby Faculty and AlumniJOHN STUART MILL and HARRIETTAYLOR: THEIR FRIENDSHIP ANDSUBSEQUENT MARRIAGE by F. A.Hayek. ^Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1951. Pp. 320. $4.50.John Stuart Mill's friendship with Harriet Taylor who later became his wife isperhaps one of the most celebrated literaryHere they are the 1951-1952SPECIAL ALUMNI COURSESTHE ARTS TODAYAlternate Tuesdays Starting Oct. 9Environment and Vision in Modern ArtContemporary PaintingPoint of View in Painting:Two Demonstration Oil PaintingsSculpture ArchitectureCity Planning Industrial ArtsInterior Design and DecorationThe Crafts Stage Design PrintsBUSINESS MAKES ANAPPRAISALAlternate Tuesdays Starting Oct. 16Prediction and Planning:The Business OutlookStatistics: The Modern MagicInflation in a Mobilization EconomyThe Labor Front:Current Problems and Basic IssuesProduction: The Competitive StruggleThe Coming Revolution in MarketingResearch as an Aid to BusinessInvestment:Its Hazards and How to Meet ThemInsuranceThe Quest for Individual SecurityTaxation: Its Impact onBusiness BehaviorBig Corporate Businessin the American EconomyTransportation:An Experience in Social Policy CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMSIN SOUTH AND EAST ASIAAlternate Thursdays Starting Oct. 11People and Problems of Southeast AsiaNationalism in Twentieth CenturyChina and JapanCommunism in China, Korea,and JapanChina. Korea and Japan sinceWorld War IIPatterns of Nationalism in South AsiaIndian Nationalism: A Case StudyNationalist Objectives:Burma, Indochina, and IndonesiaContemporary Problems of thePhilippinesThe Problem of Raising-Living Standards in AsiaProblems of Modernization in theNear EastTechnical Assistance and Modernizationin the Underdeveloped Areas of AsiaGOVERNMENT AND THECITIZENAlternate Thursdays Starting Oct. 18The Precinct and the Ward The CitySchools and School BoardsAmerican Political Parties The StateAgricultural and Rural Pressure GroupsLabor Pressure GroupsPublic Administration and Civil ServiceThe United Nations and theInternational SceneUNESCOAll lectures will be in Judd 1 1 all al 7:30For complete information, address:Tin: /Alumni Association, 5733 University Avenue, Chicago 374 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEromances of the 19th century. Until nowwe knew only little about it. Mill himselfmentions it in his AUTOBIOGRAPHY,and although his praise of Harriet Taylor's intellect and understanding is extravagant, his account of their friendshipis sober and restrained. Thomas Carlyleand his wife reported it, but with them ittakes on a flavor of sometimes not evengood-natured gossip.In this book, the story itself is told in thewords of both the main actors. It is a storywhich in addition to all the intellectualinterest is, above all, a human story. If weknew Mill— and through him Harriet— fromhis AUTOBIOGRAPHY as people who hadscientific and philosophical interests, welearn from their correspondence that theywere human beings who felt the enthusiasms and pains of friendship and love andwho experienced the happiness not unmixed by occasional tensions of a harmonious association of many years.Anyone who has read Mill's AUTOBIOGRAPHY will want to read this book. Itsupplements the facts of his life reportedthere. It fills in the details of the creativeprocess involved in the composition of hisworks. It shows how often and in whatmatters he changed and modified his viewsbecause of Harriet's criticism and advice.It depicts Harriet Taylor as a woman ofgreat charm, good practical sense, andeminent intellect. It gives us a glimpse ofMill walking in the mountains of England,in the Alps, collecting rare plant specimens, enjoying the views of faraway lakesand valleys, and becoming bogged down ina deep mist every now and then. It showsus Mill on his travels in Italy and France,his reports of the art treasures of Florence,his description of Roman museums, hisglimpses of Naples and Sicily.But more than these things it tells thestory of two genuine human beings, whodespite their great wisdom are subject toall the frailties and failings of men. Itshows Mill quarreling with his family; itshows his agony at Harriet's illness, and itends by exhibiting the intense pain thather death caused him. It exhibits the queermixture of stern, almost ascetic moralsense with an exurberant assertion of theplenitude of life in Mill's character. Itestablishes beyond doubt that he was aromantic at heart, and that the cold positivism and clean-cut radicalism of his viewsis more a reflection of Harriet Taylor'sideas than an outflow of Mill's own mostprofound personality traits.The people whose words make up thebulk of this book are all dead. But theyhave been brought to life by ProfessorHayek. He has made a judicious selectionof letters, diary entries, notes, and similarmatter from voluminous collections of Millmanuscripts scattered in many places inBritain and the United States. He alsoprovides a connecting narrative between thepieces selected, which has the great virtueof being both informative and yet so unobtrusive to evoke the impression in thereader that he never leaves the main characters of the story. Altogether then, this isan unusually stimulating and delightfulbook.Bert HoselitzAssociate Professor, Social Sciences.Briefly NotedLaura Nowak Kerr, '25, full-time housewife and leisure-time author, has writtenher third biography, LADY IN THEPULPIT, the story of Antoinette BrownBlackwell, first woman to be ordained minister in the United States. MAGAZINEVolume 44 October, 1951 Number IPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONExecutive EditorHOWARD W. MORTNews EditorJEANNETTE LOWREY EditorDON MORRIS Associate EditorAUDREY PROBSTStaff PhotographerSTEPHEN LEWELLYNIN THIS ISSUEMemo Pad 1Readers Guide 3Books 4The Dangerous Duty of the University, Robert Redfield,. . 7Kimpton Inauguration 1 1Education of an Adult, C. O. Houle 12First Two Appointments 14Main Street Bookstore 16World's Oldest Thermometer, Harold C. Urey 18Soc. II — What Is It?, David Riesman 21Alumni Citations 24Class News 27COVER: Remember the bewildered bug-eyed little freshmangargoyle climbing the Hull Gatearch? He is surprised at havinggotten by the vicious entranceexaminer at the base of the arch.He is not yet concerned with thesophomore, ahead of him, who isquarreling with the junior to getout of the way. The junior issnarling, "Don't crowd, bud; Ican't get that cocky senior offthe peak pedestal." Anyway, aswe go to press, another crop ofbug-eyed freshmen are trying topass the vicious entrance examiner.Cover and photographs on pages 1, 5, 6, 7, 12, 15, 17, 21 byStephen Lewellyn except where otherwise credited.Published monthly, October through June, by The University of Chicago Alumni Association, 5733 University Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois. Annual subscription price, $3.00. Singlecopies, 35 cents. Student price at University of Chicago Bookstore, 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1, 1934, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois under the act ofMarch 3, 1879. Advertising agent. The American' Alumni Council, B. A. Ross, director, 22Washington Square, New York, N. Y.OCTOBER, 1951 5Time for RejoicingA gala event of the summer seasonjust past was the Golden Weddinganniversary party given for theCharles E. Merriams. Colleagues,political and academic, family, andformer students by the scores cameto the Quadrangle Club to honor thefamed political scientist and thebeaming Mrs. Merriam. Star of theoccasion probably was the Merriams'great-grandson, Peter (left) . In thebottom picture the couple are shownwith their four children, all alumni:Charles, '22, JD '25, Chicago attorney; Elizabeth Merriam Schmidt, '32,AM '35, Chevy Chase, Md.; Robert,AM '40, Chicago alderman; andJohn, '25, president, Northern Natural Gas Co., Omaha.6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETheDangerous Dutyof theUniversityBy Robert Redfield, '20, JD'21, PhD'28THE UNIVERSITY of Chicagohas been more than once officiallyinvestigated with a view to the discovery on its campus of subversive activities or professors. It is widely andpersistingly regarded as dangerouslyradical. I was assured by a taxi driverthe other day that this University isthe place where "those Reds" are tobe found.It cannot be denied that there isa considerable opinion outside theUniversity which sees us as a place ofdangerous ideas and dangerous men.No investigation has turned up anyCommunist teachers because therearen't any. Indeed, a great free university is not a place where a reasonable man would expect to find thembecause the life of such a universityis freedom of thought and expression,which is just what Communism cannotpractice or tolerate. That the reputation of the University as dangerouslyradical is quite opposite to the factleaves the discrepancy between factand reputation something to be explained."I put forward the view that thisreputation for dangerous radicalismis an evidence that the University isdoing its duty. It shows that the University is engaged in defending thevery liberties which its detractors believe it to be endangering. I would goso far as to say that if the University ON ITS SIXTIETH BIRTHDAYwe salute theUniversity in pride, in hope,in a spirit of perpetual re-dedication.May it survive, deserving survival.May it strive always to enlighten — knowing it will always be misunderstood.May it fall neither into complaisance nor into popularity.May it ever put creativityabove conformity and intellectual courage above security.In the eternal questioning thaiis its productive life may itoften include a re-examination of its own nature andpurposes.May it be forever discontented— that its discontent lead tonew excellence.were not from time to time accused ofdangerous thoughts its professors couldnot then be doing their duty to think.It is good that university people makesome other people a little uneasy because that uneasiness is a sign of theiractivity in the public service.Perhaps the most important service which a great free university per forms is one which goes largely unappreciated even by the professorsand students who are performing it.This service is the contribution theuniversity makes to strengthening certain values of the common life. This isjust an instance of a kind of publicservice which each beneficial group ofspecialists can and does perform.The soldier makes us all a little moreresolute in the face of danger becausehe is more commonly resolute in theface of danger than are people generally. The lawyer encourages us torespect reasoned argument and theguidance of consistency and precedent.The very division of labor among usbrings about a sort of specializationalso in the practice of the virtues andso in the preservation and development of some part of the values of thecommunity as a whole.Ideals are maintained as they areexpressed in activities. Their realization occurs in the fulfillment of thedifferent roles which fall to us according to what each is called upon todo. Values are not equally held orequally realized in the conduct of allour people. The values of the commonlife are preserved and carried forwardin a sort of symphony of the interestsand callings.OCTOBER, 1951 7Listen to the oppositionIn a university the virtues necessarily emphasized are those we sometimes call "intellectual." They are theprobities of the mind. What are they?The use of reason and special knowledge in reaching understanding and indeciding how to act. The unswervingfaith that truth may be approachedby the exchange of ideas and the testof fact. An exaltation of the importance, both as means and as an enditself, of freedom of thought andspeech. A willingness to listen to theman with an idea opposed to one'sown. A disposition to attribute reasonableness to the other fellow.I do not suppose that these qualities of excellence are to be found inthe teachers and research workers ofa university in greater degree thanthey are found among other kinds ofpeople for the reason that teachersand research workers are nearer divinegrace or because they are more naturally endowed with good qualities thanare other people. Indeed, I have notfound professors more than usuallykind or generous or humanely disposed. With regard to these qualitiesI think I would at least as soon trustmyself to carpenters or to taxi drivers.But professors do have in notable degree the intellectual virtues, and thatis because they just can't do theirwork without them.I will not go so far as to say thatprofessors exhibit the intellectualvirtues as fully in their campus affairsor their community affairs as theydo in their libraries and laboratories.But in the conduct of their research,in the carrying on of academic discussion and investigation, they do because they must exhibit devotion tofreedom of enquiry, the use of reasonand the test of special knowledge.There must be some carry-over ofthese qualities into the less professional part of the professor's life orthe professor is not doing all of hisduty.Freedom is cherished but . . .These virtues of the mind are valuesof the general community. Thesegoods are part of "the Americanway." As a people we are stronglyin favor of reasonableness rather thanforce. We have faith in persuasion resulting from open competition of ideas.We have embodied freedom of speechand thought in one of our most solemn and ruling documents: the FirstAmendment of the Bill of Rights.We use with approval that quotation as to the obligation to defend tothe death the right of another to saythat with which I disagree. Of allfreedoms we are proudest of the freedom of the mind. And it is in the university, above all places, where thisfreedom is most consistently exercised.Freedom of discussion, the appealto the evidence of fact and the persuasion of reason, the deliberate effortto listen to unconventional ideas orheterodox theories — these are theambient of the university.So it is especially in the universitythat this important part of the common values is cultivated and preserved from tyranny, from cowardice,and from ignorance. The professor, because his virtue derives from his work,is constantly maintaining and defending the freedom of thought, the reliance upon reason and special knowledge, in which we all believe.. . . freedom is fearedBut we — all the people — also fearfreedom of thought and the intellectual virtues. We are uncomfortable inthe presence of the unconventionalidea, the viewpoint or hypothesis thatshocks our settled attitudes. Even todiscuss certain matters is felt at leastas unpleasant and not uncommonlyas subversive.These tender subjects change withthe times. Once it was the truth oftheological dogma, then it was theanimal origins of man, later it wassex, and now it is the benefits ofAmerican business enterprise or theviews and theories of Karl Marx.In a university, in the course of thedevelopment of knowledge, any andall subjects may be examined. Anyintellectually significant viewpoint oridea receives study and fair consideration.Therefore things are said andthought and proposed in the universities which people outside of them arenot in the habit of saying and thinking. And a great deal more that isnot said and thought in the universityis believed to be said and thoughtthere.The fears of people create thatmythical radical with the mortarboard cap and the maniacal expressionthat we see in the cartoons.So it comes about that in the very course of defending by its exercise thefreedom of thought which stands highin the values of the whole community,the university comes to be regardedby a considerable part of that community as a hot-bed of dangerousradicalism, a hiding place of pernicious Communists.Symphony or conflict?When I referred earlier to the valuesof the common life as realized in asort of symphony of the interests andcallings, I over-emphasized, considerably, the harmoniousness of affairs —it sometimes appears more like afight than a symphony. The interestsand the callings are as much opposedto each other as they are complementary. The definition and re-definitionof the common values is an argument,a dialectic, a struggle of competingand conflicting impulses. "Behavior,"writes Gunnar Myrdal in the morestately language of social science, "isconceived of as being typically theoutcome of a moral compromise ofheterogeneous valuations."As we carry on our common life wemake choices, reach decisions, passlaws, utter judgments, condemn or applaud statesmen, soldiers or otherpeople; and in these acts we opposeor reconcile valuations that are inconflict with one another.If one group sees its local valuesin serious conflict with wider valuesthe group may move toward greaterdisharmony : Governor Talmadgemay threaten to close the schools ofGeorgia rather than admit Negroes.On the other hand, the decision ofthe Supreme Court requiring Texasto admit a Negro to its law school maybe accepted in Texas as a reconciliation of local practice with the moregeneral value of equality and democracy.So, too, the impulse that is widelyfelt to keep thought free and invitethe reasonable discussion of all issuesis at times in conflict with the impulseto keep ourselves free from enemies,real and imagined.How much freedom will I give upjust at this time and in this connection, to bring myself how much moresecurity? How much immediate security am I willing to forego in the conviction that to preserve even a dangerous freedom is in the long run alsoto assure my security? These are theissues that we all must decide, con-8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEstantly, if often half blindly and confused by ignorance and passion.The eleven CommunistsThe reconciliation of the values offreedom and security is a perennialeffort, an endless problem. It recursin countless forms. Recently it appeared again in the decision of theSupreme Court sustaining the conviction of the eleven Communists. Theissue was whether the constitutionalprotection of the right of free speechmade invalid a law punishing a conspiracy to teach the overthrow of thegovernment by force.On the one hand was the admittednecessity to protect the country fromdestruction. On the other was the admitted necessity to keep speech free.The eleven Communists were convicted on evidence showing that theyassociated to teach others those doctrines as to forceful revolution whichappear in the writings of Karl Marxand Lenin. There was, I believe, noevidence that the defendents taughtanybody how to throw a bomb or toset fire to a building. They were convicted of a collaborative effort to advocate the general doctrine of revolutionary Communism.Which value, security or freedom ofspeech, should prevail?Four Justices decided for security:they held that it might constitutionallybe made criminal to conspire to advocate revolutionary Communism.Two Justices held for freedom ofspeech: they took the view that aneffort by a group to teach a doctrine,though a doctrine of revolution byforce, where no particular acts ofviolence were shown to be threatened,was protected by the First Amendment: "Congress shall make no law. . . abridging the freedom of speech."The eleven Communists will bepunished. But men will continue todoubt the wisdom of the decision.Some will wonder if the dangercreated by the teaching of these menwas really so clear and present as tojustify that they be silenced. Perhaps,if motives could be searched out andmade known, we would see that thesemen were really convicted not for whatthey taught but because there was afeeling that they might blow up abridge or betray a military secretto Stalin, or because we feel safer justnow with the power to jail Communists. And some of us are likely to feel concern because of anotherabridgment of freedom of speech.Some should stand for freedomThe concern with the preservationof freedom of speech, thought and discussion is likely to be strong in a university. I do not say that the professors at the University of Chicagothink the majority decision in the caseof the eleven Communists was thewrong decision. I do not at all knowhow lies opinion on our campus asto this question. I do say that whenever freedom of discussion or ofspeech or of enquiry is in danger,university people are more likely thanis the average man to do somethingtoward protecting that freedom. ThisI think is natural. This I think isright.University people so depend uponthese freedoms, so use them in theirwork, that the importance of thisvalue is ever strongly felt by them.Is it not a good thing for the wholecommunity that when most of it,perhaps because of fear, is disposed toput security above freedom, that partof the community that cares deeplyabout this kind of freedom shouldurge its preservation?Is it not right that the men andwomen who more than ordinarilyunderstand freedom of speech andthought because they work with itdaily should say their say on the subject at a time when the country mustmake some difficult choice betweenvalues, some difficult reconciliationbetween freedom and security?Some may be called subversiveIf university people do take publicpositions in defense of these freedoms,they are likely to be criticized fortaking them. If professors argue thatthe minority opinion in the case ofthe Communists should have been themajority opinion, it will be said thatthe professors are defending Communism.If the professors join in a movementto oppose the Broyles bill at Springfield, Illinois, or to repeal the federalMcCarran Act which, among otherthings, punishes those having almostany connection with certain listed organizations, then it will be said thatwe have another evidence that theuniversity is subversive and ought tobe investigated.But these are risks that professorsshould run. If professors did riot speak out onthese issues they would fail just wherethey are needed. Furthermore, if theyfailed to speak out, they would becowards. Professors are more securethan are most men. It is very hardto fire a professor. Because this is so,the obligation on the professor isheavy. He must discharge his responsibility to contribute special knowledge and informed opinion to publicdiscussion with exceptional fidelity totruth and without self-seeking. And hemust not fear to do so when the occasion demands it.Tyranny is also withinThe present occasion does demandit. We are in danger and we know it.But we are not always clear as towhere the danger lies. The enemy isboth inside ourselves and outside thecommunity, and it is always easierto see the enemy outside.There is a tyranny in Russia andthis tyranny threatens us. In responsewe tend to turn, only a little and yetsignificantly, toward tyranny. We donot always see that we have to defendour freedom both against Stalinistsand against ourselves. We do not clearly note how much of freedom we havealready foregone, how much of tolerance and generosity of spirit we havegiven up in taking measures to protect ourselves from militant Communism. But we have foregone agood deal.Reputations destroyedWhat is the situation of freedom andfairness today? We have seen thereputations of loyal and useful citizensdestroyed by irresponsible accusationsmade against them.We have suffered the embarrassment of watching our immigrationauthorities detain or keep out of thecountry excellent persons for thereason that they once had some nominal and perhaps inescapable connection with a totalitarian organization.We have seen a spreading demandfor loyalty oaths from good personswhose patriotism could only be madea degree less confident, less devoted,by a futile and humiliating exaction.We have watched a great sister university suffer serious damage from onesuch exaction.We have written into our lawsauthorization to administrative officersto compel organizations to register asCommunist organizations and weOCTOBER, 1951 9have severely penalized persons belonging to or giving money to organizations put on this list.We have authorized the institutionof concentration camps in case of waror insurrection and the summaryarrest and imprisonment of personsbelieved — on what grounds or rumoris not said — to conspire to commitsabotage. And daily we are investigated by officers of a governmentthat does not tell us with what dubious acts, of what hint of disloyalty,we are charged.Frequently we are asked by someinvestigating agent to tell something,with the door closed, about the loyaltyor disloyalty of some friend or acquaintance. In hidden ways, in asecrecy that should be abhorrent toour traditions, your friends and mineare found unworthy of employment inthe government or are denied theright to travel abroad.The free mind — underground?Clearly the danger from within isgrowing. The nature of the dangerwas recently put by George F. Ken-nan: It is a danger "that somethingmay occur in our own minds andsouls which will make us no longerlike the persons by whose efforts theRepublic was founded and held together, but rather like the representatives of that very power we are trying to combat: intolerant, secretive,suspicious, cruel and terrified of internal dissension because we have lostthe belief in ourselves and in thepower of our ideals.5'' (Where Do WeStand on Communism? New YorkTimes, May 27, 1951.)If this should happen, if this spiritshould become the way and the ruleof the land, then we should have lostour struggle without losing it to Stalin's Communism. Then we should become as our enemies outside. Thenthe universities could no longer exist.RECENT GIFTS and grants to theUniversity, aggregating morethan $750,000, have started or keptthe wheels turning for a variety ofactivities on the Midway — Collegescholarships, cancer research, familylife study, psychotherapy, and farmproductivity, among others. Then it would not be Communism, butthe free mind, that would go underground. In that case, against atyranny ruling us, the university couldand should be truly subversive.The dangerous universityTo strive that this will not happen that this spirit shall not prevail, isa constant duty of the university. Itis the public aspect of its private task.We are still free to perform the task.The effort to define and to realizeour values in which we all take partis still an effort conducted for themost part in a generous spirit andwith an open mind. The conflict iscontrolled by the desire to compose asymphony.The struggle is still reasonable andfair, a struggle of competing viewpointand opinion. University people greatly help to keep it so. Therefore theworth of a university lies not only inthe extensions of knowledge which itachieves but also in the example andleadership it offers as to freedom ofthought.The university is not to be deterredfrom speaking out for freedom of themind by the fact that it will be misunderstood and criticized. If the university continues to do its duty, somepeople will continue to regard it asdangerous. When people begin tofind thought dangerous, they will suppose universities to be dangerous.Then the duty of the university includes the obligation to incur thecharge that it is dangerous.Chancellors in hot waterIf professors remain willing to takepart in reasonable discussion of publicissues, if they continue to speak andact in defense of the freedom of themind, if they go on studying and considering every reasonable idea andposition, they will be attacked in thepress and investigated in the legisla-Chicago's College, together withColumbia and Yale Universities andthe University of Wisconsin, receiveda grant of $300,000 for a three-yearperiod from the recently- establishedFund for the Advancement of Education, for pre-induction scholarships.By admitting 50 male students un- ture. Some of them will have to spendquite a little time explaining why theysupported this cause or joined thatmovement or made that speech.The president or chancellor of theuniversity will be in hot water. Butthat is where, from time to time, heought to be. A president or chancellorwho does not spend a considerablepart of his time in hot water is notworth his salt. He must defend thefreedom of the country by defendingthe freedom of his professors. Hemust use his leadership to encouragehis professors to rise to their responsibilities to truth and freedom. Hiswater will be heated for him bothwithin the university and outside it.The reputation of this Universityfor dangerous radicalism is earned, butit is honorably earned. It is unfortunate that the University is wronglysuspected. It would be worse if itwere not suspected at all. For ifeverything that the University's peopledid were acceptable to all influentialsegments of public opinion, the University would be failing its duty.The University, when it rises to thecommon danger to freedom, will itself appear dangerous. Where themind is free the mind is troubled. TheUniversity, though misunderstood,should be just a little troublesome. Theremedy for misunderstanding is moreeffort at understanding. This is theprime effort of the University, notpleasing people. We do not preserveour liberties by pleasing people. Awholly pleasing university cannot begreat and free.This University of ours, as it beginsits sixty-first year, is still both.Dr. Redfield is Professor of Anthropologyand former dean of the Division of theSocial Sciences. His address, given at aspecial Chapel service marking the University's sixtieth anniversary, is also published in School and Society.der the age of 16 5/2, each universitywill be able to provide the scholarshiprecipients with at least two years ofliberal education in college before military service.To make possible the continuationof the system of exchange professorships and students set up jointly withNew Gifts Advance Work10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe University of Frankfort in 1946,the Ford Foundation has also grantedthe University $30,000 a year for threeyears.Through an initial gift of $100,000by Ben May, Mobile, Alabama, lumberman, the May Laboratory forCancer Research has been establishedat the University Clinics.Directed by Charles B. Huggins, theBen May Laboratory will emphasizeinvestigation of the hormone factor inmalignancy and the synthesis and testing of chemotherapeutic drugs fortreatment. Dr. Huggins, the first todemonstrate that hormones could beused in management of some formsCHANCELLOR Lawrence Alpheus Kimpton will be formallyinaugurated October 18 in RockefellerMemorial Chapel, at the University's248th Convocation. Laird Bell, chairman of the Board of Trustees, whoalso was chairman of the committeein charge of the installation of President Hutchins in 1929, will preside.Chairman of the 1951 inaugurationcommittee is Trustee Graham Aldis.The University of Chicago Magazine will provide full coverage ofthe inauguration in the November andDecember issues.Speakers at the Convocation will bethe Chancellor, J. E. Wallace Sterling,president of Stanford, and James Bryant Conant, president of Harvard.The delegates, faculties and Trusteeswill march from Ida Noyes Hall to theChapel.At Hutchinson Commons, where theguests will assemble for lunch, speakers will be : Arthur A. Baer, presidentof the Alumni Association, 1948-1951,Robert M. Hutchins, associate directorof the Ford Foundation, and Chancellor Kimpton. Harold H. Swift will of cancer, was also granted $75,000from the Shinner Political EconomyResearch Foundation, for research incancer.Family life, marriage counseling,and parent-child relations will bestudied in the new sociology centerestablished with $80,000 provided bythe Grant Foundation of New York.The first organization of its kind, theCenter will be directed by Nelson N.Foote, formerly professor of sociologyat Cornell.A $127,000 three-year grant to continue an investigation of the processand outcomes of psychotherapy wasmade to the University's Counselingpreside.Citizens of Chicago will meet theChancellor at a reception and dinnerin the ballroom of the Stevens Hotel.After-dinner speakers will be : John L.McCaffrey, of the University's Citizens Board, and Chancellor Kimpton.Bell will be toastmaster.Although Lawrence A. Kimpton isthe sixth chief executive of the 60-year-old University of Chicago, he isonly the second administrator to beformally inaugurated.All the suspiciousness and charm ofthe first inauguration is expected to beduplicated in the second. Presidentsand delegates from universities athome and abroad and from the foundations, dressed for the inaugurationin their black gowns and colorfulhoods, will give color to the occasion.The first inaugural ceremony washeld when the University of Chicagowas 40 years old, and its fifth president, Robert Maynard Hutchins, wasinducted into office.The lack of tradition and precedentfor the first inauguration at the University had resulted from the circum- Center by the Rockefeller Foundation.The grant will finance further work onthe client-centered psychotherapy developed by Professor Carl R. Rogersand his associates.The Rockefeller Foundation alsodesignated $48,000 for research on lowproductivity in American agriculture,to be conducted by Theodore Schultz,chairman of the department of economics.The University of Chicago GreekCultural Foundation, to promotegreater understanding of ancient andcontemporary Greek civilization, wasestablished with an initial grant of$9,000, contributed by John L.Manta. — J. L.stances leading to the appointment ofthe earlier presidents.No ceremony was arranged for William Rainey Harper, at his own request. For two years previous to theopening of the University on October1, 1892, he had been engaged in thepresidential task of creating a majoruniversity out of what had been projected as a college. The opening dayof school passed almost as quietly asan ordinary.day in the Ivy League, thestudents gathering in front of Cobbhall to sing "Old Varsity."Henry Pratt Judson and Ernest De-Witt Burton had both served as actingpresidents of the University beforetheir election and they couldn't see thepropriety of being introduced to thefaculties. Max Mason, too, preferredto begin his administration withoutformality.Full measure of the University'spanoply was devoted to the inauguration ceremony for President Hutchins,and plans for the inauguration ofChancellor Kimpton include observation of the traditions set in 1929.= —J. L.October 18 Set forKimpton InaugurationOCTOBER, 1951 11Education of an AdultBack from a Wanderjahr in Europe,the dean of the University Collegereflects that fine words, after all,may be spoken even by the devilBy Cyril 0. Houle, PhD'40IT IS A FINE idea at any time tospend a year abroad, but nevermore so than when someone else paysthe bill. It was, I consider, ratherclever of me to arrange three dovetailed assignments and thus permitpersonal pleasure to wear the maskof duty and an awe-struck tourist toassume the role of visiting expert.There was, first off, a seminar to directfor Unesco in Sweden. Then came aseries of lectures at the University ofStockholm. And finally there were ninemonths doing research in Britain under a grant from the Fulbright funds.While each of these three was a heavyburden (I kept saying), the real limitsto my family's sightseeing were thoseimposed by the short legs of our two-year-old and the shocking nature ofthe English climate. ( "Wettest winterin sixty-eight years", the newspapersremarked with unmistakable pride.)My chief mission was to study inseveral countries the provisions foradult education. This tired term hasbeen used in so many different sensesthat it may have little real meaningleft. In general, however, it is used todescribe all those organized ways inwhich mature people try to improvetheir skills, their knowledge, and theirunderstanding, to broaden their attitudes, and to refine their aesthetic appreciation. We are all generally familiar with the ways this, is done inthe United States through universityextension, evening schools, voluntaryassociations, libraries, museums, and agood many other programs and agencies, some of which can be called educational only by a courteous application of that term. How are the sameends accomplished in Europe? Self-improvement, reformThe cases of documents which Ibrought back impressed the customsofficials and perhaps the monographdistilled from the data will impress mycolleagues. But what impresses me isthe realization that if one looks carefully at the patterns of adult educationin a country one may glimpse, albeitdimly, the inherent nature of its people. One learns something of a socialand economic order by seeing howthose who live in it educate their children; one learns even more by seeinghow they educate themselves. Thosewho wish to improve or reform establish themselves in some fashion asteachers for their fellow men. Thosewho act on the urge toward self-education do so because they recognizesome deficiency in themselves. As thesetwo impulses meet and merge, a program of services grows up which mirrors the present and shapes the future.Illustration is perhaps the best way todemonstrate this point.Swedish adult education has beenbuilt almost entirely around two ideas.The first is that of the folk movement, which is, in effect, an effortdirected at a major social reform suchas temperance (not abstinence!), theestablishment of co-operatives, the fullrecognition of labor, or the improvement of rural life. Back of all theseSwedish folk movements, as they developed in the past fifty years, was ageneral revolt against an aristocratically-controlled society. Their leaderstook their role as educators very seriously and built around the centralpropagandistic themes a variety of cultural and social activities. One findsit surprising, nonetheless, that the gov ernment now supports the educationalactivities of the folk movements andfeels virtuous in doing so. Objectivityand balance of approach appear to berelatively minor virtues; what is important is that a point of view shallbe expressed.Dull UtopiaA second key idea is that of fostering a group spirit. Someone once saidof the University of Chicago's Committee on Human Development "Idon't know what they do, but I doknow that they do it together." Onemight say the same of Sweden. In theearly part of this century, its peoplefaced squarely the fact that their country is poor in natural resources andthat their leadership was being sappedby migration to America and elsewhere. They concluded that they weregoing to have to work together if lifewas to be worth living. Their adulteducation, particularly that builtaround the folk movements, was designed to teach them how to co-operate.Sweden demonstrates the results instriking fashion. When the migrantsto America returned to visit, theyfound that the stay-at-homes wereoften better off than they were. Sweden has solved virtually all of thedepressing problems with which students of elementary sociology are sofamiliar: crime, slums, lack of welfare and medical provisions, inadequate care of the aged, alcoholism,and so on. The standard and qualityof living of the average man is perhapsthe highest in the world. The cities andcountry-side are planned to be bothfunctional and beautiful. The peopleare literate and remarkably concerned12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwith both moral and aesthetic enjoyment.The price they have paid for thisUtopia is their own feeling that theyare dull. They sense in themselves —and others certainly sense in them —what John Steinbeck has called "theScandinavian ennui." The Swedes arean almost incredibly homogeneouspeople— 99% white, 99% Lutheran,93% native, and so on — and onemight well consider that this homogeneity when overlaid by their sterntraining in group activity would makethem feel very secure emotionally. Butalmost every book about them makesthe point that they are not. Perhapsthey have been told so often that theymust merge themselves into the groupthat they have failed to let their ownindividualities develop. Certainly,when one suggests that the cultivationof individual interests and the exploration of personal capacities should be atleast one broad goal of adult education, the professional leaders of thatfield are profoundly shocked at anattitude which they consider, but aretoo polite to call, selfish and antisocial.Labor orientationIn England, there has been onemajor drive behind adult education:the idea of social justice. In the English tradition, formal learning has beenjealously safeguarded as the right ofthe wealthy. The private secondaryschools and the two old universitiespreserved and cherished the aristocratic tradition with a vigor and intensitythat astounds the American visitoruntil he realizes that it was a part ofthe same pattern of life that couldsend the children of the poor to workin the mines as early as the age ofthree and that set hanging as the punishment for any theft of over sixpence.In education, as in every other aspectof social affairs, the story of the pasthundred years has been one of a bitterbattle to give to every person withability the opportunity to develop histalents.The reform movement was directedtoward the creation of better opportunities for children but it was alsoconcerned with remedying the wrongdone to the mature members of societywho had been denied formal educationin their youth. For over a century anda half, individual leadership hascreated mechanics' institutes, working- men's colleges, labor schools, and otherinstitutions with similar names to bringthe benefits of learning to adults.These ventures were not propagandists in their content nor practical in theends they sought; their curriculum wasbased on that of the secondary schooland university and adhered to traditional forms and procedures. But mostof the institutions failed to achievetheir purpose for, while they wereintended for men who labored withtheir hands, the scarcity of other educational provisions caused middle-classproprietors and white-collar workersto crowd them and change their character and tone.1 Brasenose House35 Kensington High StreetLondon W.8 Now that David is learningto talk, we can see changes andgrowth in him almost every day. Newwords, new terms, and new ways ofsaying things are constantly appearing. We wonder where in the worldhe got some of them and are uncomfortably aware of the source of others!He still retains a small stock of Scandinavian expressions, but they arebeing replaced by other terms whichare veddy, veddy British. We do ourbest to keep his pronunciation American, but how can we compete withthe whole environment around us andparticularly with his colleagues atnursery school? He persists in saying"cawn't" and "hawf" and "mothah."We shudder to think what will happen to him when he gets back amongAmerican children again, and are encouraging him to build up his musclesso that he can protect himself Fruitful contactAll of the earlier efforts preparedthe way for the great surge of development which began in 1903 when ayoung clerk named Albert Mansbridgefounded the Workers' Educational Association. It was his idea that working-class education should be carried on bythe universities themselves, thus acquiring a stability and intellectualprestige which had never been possiblebefore. He found a ready responseamong some of the socially-consciousfaculty members at Oxford and therecame into being a program of classeswhich has gradually spread through-Cy, David, Bettie(Rear: Matterhorn)You don t have to know the language ....(Excerpts from letters from the Houles abroad)Aboard m/s Juno It did seem odd, at first, to feel so completely at home in Sweden,among people with whom we could not communicate at all. The slight uneasiness soon disappeared. David was a big help, of course, since nobody is astranger to him. Even more was our discovery that one could get along quitewell in a kind of Basic Swedish. One needs to know "tack" which means"thank you" and is usually repeated several times, with somewhat staccatoeffect. A fancier version is "tack sa mycket." {David is being stuffed withchocolate by Swedes who like to hear him say "taximeter," which is as closeas he can come.) Then one needs to know "var sa god," which, since it seemsto mean everything depending on its usage, cannot be translated at all. And,finally, one needs to know an expression which is not a word at all. As nearlyas it can be written, it is "yuh-huh," with the accent on the second syllable. Itis given every possible inflection; a Norwegian friend of ours says that twoSwedes can talk for an hour together, using no other language. Since wearen't Swedes, our vocabulary had to include the three other expressions. Weconclude that all the rest of the language is mere elaboration OCTOBER, 1951 13out Britain with the most profoundconsequences. A large number of theleaders of the Labour Party havegrown up through the W.E.A. Theyfall into two groups, the intellectualswho, like Attlee and Gaitskill, taughtthe classes, and the working-class people who, like Bevin and Tomlinson,were students in them. The W.E.A.was, in fact, one of the agencies clustering around the Labour Party whichpermitted natural and, as it turnedout, fruitful contact between the twochief groups in the Party: the intellectuals and the laboring classes. Thepresent Minister of Education, symbolically enough, ceased his formalschooling in his early teens and hashad all of his further education as anadult; he speaks in richly culturedlanguage but in a voice in which he isat pains to keep a strong trace of hisworking-class origin. The recent cleavage in the Labour Party which Aneu-rin Bevan has led was really begun, some people believe, many years agowhen he, as a young man in his twenties and thirties, was a student not ofthe W.E.A. but of a more militant andleft-wing educational program.Adult education has thus in England, as in Sweden, had a share inchanging the nature of society. It isone of the instruments through whicha new group has been made articulateand brought to power and it is, aswell, the means whereby many of theleaders of that group have been trainedto discharge the responsibilities whichtheir new authority has brought them.Welsh nationalismIn Wales, that strange and wonderful place, where a million Britons havea language other than English fortheir mother tongue, the main motivefor adult education is cultural nation-ism. The Welsh adult educators beginby describing their programs to theinterviewer in a calm and orderlyfashion. They talk about enrolments,THE FIRST administrative appointment since the accession of Chancellor Kimpton was that of George H.Watkins, an alumnus and a formerinsurance executive, as Secretary ofthe University in charge of development and public relations. A studentin the College and the Law Schoolfrom 1933 to 1936, Watkins was assistant to the secretary-treasurer ofthe Illinois Commercial Men's Association. An army administrativeexpert in Europe and China in WorldWar II he since has served as consultant to the army and as specialassistant to the Secretary of the Army.His wife is the former CatherinePittman, '37 ; with their children,Susan, 7, and Clyde, 5, they live insuburban Flossmoor.JOHN I. KIRKPATRICK, formerlysecretary and treasurer of the board oftrustees at Lehigh University, was appointed comptroller of the University,succeeding Harvey C. Daines, who retired June 30, after a serious eye op-.eration. The new comptroller was associated with the Irving Trust Company, of New York, from 1932 to1938. A graduate of Lehigh, he returned to that institution in 1938 asassistant to the president. In the waryears he was on leave as a Navy lieutenant commander. He is married tothe former Katherine Haigh, of Chicago, and they have two children,Douglas, 8, and Keith, 6. number of courses, range of activities,circulation figures or whatever elsemay most appropriately describe theirparticular work. But in the midst ofthis dispassionate discourse, some topicwill arise that brings about a markedchange. The Welshman's eye willsharpen. He will lean forward. Hisvoice will quicken and become morecadenced. And always, always, thesubject which he has revealed as lyingclosest to his heart will be his desireto use adult education to preserve andstrengthen the glory of the Welsh tradition. He believes that his languagecontains a literature which is the equalof that in English and French, that theculture of his country is being pillagedby the effects of rapid means of transportation and communication, andthat, in general, the evil most greatlyto be feared is that symbolized by theverb "to Anglicize."It is easy outside Wales to condemnthis attitude as an unfortunate provincialism. In Wales the arguments,often buttressed with statistics, aboutthe deterioration of taste and culturalinterests when the Welsh traditiongives way to the English prove to bevery powerful, particularly when onehears them presented so unanimouslyand so fervently.Scotland's voidThe adult educator who can graspthe major trends in the other twocountries in Britain finds a bafflingproblem awaiting him when he reachesScotland. Despite its poor natural resources, it has for generations insisteddoggedly that education for youngpeople must be supported at all costsand that the "lad o' pairts", howeverpoor or isolated he may be, must begiven every chance to learn. Thisgreat tradition is still alive today. Proportionate to its population, Scotlandhas at least twice as many young people attending universities as does England, despite the great advances there.But there is virtually no organizedadult education in Scotland. Why?The Scots, when they are asked thisquestion, usually lower their eyes andmurmur modestly that their earlyschooling is so good that nobody thereneeds adult education. This answer ishardly convincing. In most places, itis those who have had formal schooling who are most frequently foundamong the ranks of the adult students.Furthermore in such places as theFirst Two Appointments14 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEUnited States, where there is a markedvariation in the provision of educational opportunities, one almost invariably finds that those places whichprovide the best schools and collegesfor their children also make the bestprovision for adult education.One can, in fact, pursue the matterfor a long time and come to no satisfactory answer. True, there are hypotheses: perhaps the poverty of theScots (or another trait for which theyare even more famous) keeps themfrom supporting more than the onekind of program to which they haveset their minds; perhaps they are suspicious here as elsewhere of anythingthat goes on "south of the border";perhaps their educational leaders havenot been inventive in building programs which appealed to their ownunique natures ; perhaps, in their stubborn individualism, they are interestedonly in self-education; perhaps — butone could go on making a dozenguesses, none of which is adequate byitself. There is only one real fact:Scotland has virtually no organizedadult education!Order, reason, perspectiveTo be completely fair, one shouldconclude so quick and glib a round-upwith some consideration of one's ownLabor TroubleAn Old StorvAs new as tomorrow morning'sheadline, a strike is also about as oldas work itself. Records of labor unrestgo back into antiquity at least 3,100years.Just about the time the siege ofTroy was going on, the workmen excavating and decorating the tomb ofthe Egyptian pharaoh, Ramses III, inLuxor's Valley of the Kings, refused, to work because their pay wasnot forthcoming regularly.The record of the strike is in anancient Egyptian office memorandum,and was translated by William F.Edgerton, professor of Egyptology andchairman of the department of Oriental Languages.When government officials were country. It is, in fact, not very hardto do, aided as I am by the liberallyvoiced comments of my European colleagues. American adult education islike the United States itself: decentralized in its control; built up froma hundred different sets of assumptionsand directed toward a thousand different goals; concerned with the waysof doing things and somewhat heedless of why they are done; given tofads and over-emphases, quickly followed by boredom and disillusionment; incorporating an incrediblenumber of cultural and ethnic valuesystems; operating in geographic andsocial environments of great diversity;uncoordinated, unintegrated, and often loudly contradictory. It is alsoexciting and challenging beyond anything with which it may be comparedin Europe.There are already present, in ourown total offering, programs whichparallel those of England and Swedenand compare favorably with them insize and quality. We have a greatmany other programs as well. What wedo not have in any real sense isa synthesis of values and procedures.It is the process of developing such asynthesis that gives to American adulteducation just now its particular flavorand exhilaration. The freedom of thehastily summoned, the workers responded by saying, "It is because ofhunger and because of thirst that wecome here. There is no clothing, noointment, no fish, no vegetables."Although the record is incomplete,the workers apparently struck fivetimes during the course of a singleyear when their rations were not delivered on time or were inadequate. American adult educator to experiment, to try things out, and to movein any direction he wishes cannot beparalleled in any other country.Can we borrow from other countries? Probably not. The three countries on the little island of Britain,despite their common heritage andgovernment, have all developed substantially different programs. Each nation must, it appears, work out itsown emphases and its own institutional forms. But, having seen othercountries, we may perhaps catch aglimpse of certain ends which we shallhave to seek by other means. It is myhope, for example, that the liberal,cultural, and artistic tradition of English adult education may somehow beparalleled here and have a strongerplace in our total program. Americanfreedom often leads to license whenadult educators become so concernedwith means that they neglect ends ormix so closely in the current of eventsthat they forget that education mustnecessarily have order, reason, andperspective. There are many to say:My worthy friend, gray are alltheories,And green alone Life's goldentree.These are fine words, but as a distinguished British educator reminded me,they were spoken by the devil.It is also possible, Edgerton suggests, that the strikers might have beenworking a primitive shakedown racket.One of their relatives had been appointed vizier to the pharaoh, andwas the second most powerful man inEgypt. Instead of being near starvation, the workmen in the royal tombmay merely have been putting pressure on their relative. — J. L."... It was because of hunger and because of thirst that we camehere . . . "' says part of the above portion of the original Turinhieratic text, a transcription of which into hieroglyphics was translated by Dr. Edgerton. Dotted lines indicate cracks in the papyrus.OCTOBER, 1951 15SITUATED in the heart of Chicago's "Magnificent Mile," onMichigan Avenue, is an extraordinarybook store, where two Universityalumni have brought about a rare degree of fusion of intellectual acuityand commercial acumen.Operating on the theory that humannature is at its weakest in a bookshop,Joseph Faulkner, AM'40, and StantonPicher have supplied their Main StreetBook Store with as excellent a collection of literary and art items as can befound similarly located anywhere inthe midwest.Faulkner's newest venture is a seriesof exhibits scheduled for the MainStreet's gallery this winter, to includeoriginal works by Rousseau, ToulouseLautrec, Chagall, Dufy, Pagliacci,Vespigniani, Erni, and others. Noneof this work has been shown in America.Harper exilesActually, Faulkner and Picher areexiles from the Harper stacks. In thelate 1930's, both were absorbed ingraduate work at the University. JoeFaulkner came to the Midway in 1937,and studied in the French Department NO CLIFFHANGERSMessrs. Faulkner and Picherare not the only alumni doinginteresting things in the bookbusiness. Closer to the Midway,Harold ("Shag") Donohue, ']fi,operates, in collaboration withhis wife, Sylvia Slade Donohue,'45, a unique rental library inconnection with his Red DoorBook Shop, on 57th Street. Unlike the books in most rentalcollections, whose chief meritsseem to be the chests of theirheroines as displayed on thebook jackets, the Red Door'srental books are pitched in arather high intellectual key.Available for rent are suchitems as Hegel's "The Phenomenology of Mind," Wiener's"Cybernetics," Carnap's "Logical Foundations of Probability,"Gide's "Journals," an evendozen works of Russell and suchother non-chesty authors asSidney Hook, Harold Lasswell,David Grene, Henry James, andHarry Levin. under Alfred Nitze. In 1939 he left togo to the Sorbonne, but the followingyear found him back on campus tofinish up work on his master's degree.Picher, who came to the Universitywith an AB and an AM in Englishfrom Harvard, started work on hisdoctorate under Crane in 1939. "I wasfinally learning how to read," saysPicher, "not just what to read."Both had planned to teach someday, but the more they thought aboutteaching, the more their enthusiasmwaned. They formed a partnershipand began to hunt for another field ofendeavor. Faulkner, who had workedpart time at Woodworth's during mostof his graduate years, felt he knewenough about the book business tohazard a try on his own. The nextstep was obvious.In 1940 the first Main Street BookStore .was opened. There was $5,000behind it, and two young men whohad a taste for the esoteric. SaysPicher, " with our literary background,the first thing we did was make a bee-line for all the books we never couldfind and when we were doing research." Main Street soon got a reputation as the place to go for hard-16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEto-find novels — Kafka, Mauriac, orWoolf.Nose for needThe shop hardly had time to settleinto character when the partners werecalled into service. In 1942 both entered the Army Air Force. While hewas stationed in England, Faulknerspent most of his spare time wandering into out of the way places. Onehappy inspiration took him to theLondon workshop of Sangorski andSutcliffe, makers of exceptionally finebindings. Faulkner made friends withthe craftsmen, and during most of thewar years, saw that they were suppliedwith food and clothes from America.Thanks to his "nose for need," MainStreet received the first American shipment of bindings after the war, andstill has the largest stock of Sangorskiand Sutcliffe bindings in the midwest.When the partners returned to Chicago in 1946, they decided to tripletheir already cramped space, and in1950, the handsome new store was officially open. Earlier University dreamsnow were realized in the addition of arecord department, a rare book room,and an art gallery. In the book storeproper, a plentiful supply of best sellers is available to the casual browser.But for the literary epicure, the selection of hard-to-get volumes and literary curios is just as much in evidence.The store's range is so wide that it isnot unusual for Faulkner to completea $1,500 book sale in one minute andthen chat for 15 minutes about a dollar box of stationery.Faulkner, who acquired a green eyefor anything French while laboringover the problem of jealousy in Proust,in his days on the Midway, importsenough French literature each year tomake this collection outstanding.Thanks to his partner's astute ap-Quoteworthy"It is dismaying to realize that mygeneration has brought up a new generation to take over our work in theworship of the same false god of security that we have served in vain.When the wave of G.I. veteran students approached the colleges of thecountry, the faculty and administration viewed the prospect with alarm.They feared insubordination, emotional instability, and the upsetting praisal of what "goes" on the Magnificent Mile, they have doubled theirvolume in the past year.The ever-growing amount of workhas been divided so that Picher manages the books, Faulkner the art. Theirforrays into the byways of the artshave made Main Street a favoritestopping place for Chicagoans. Whatis the winning combination for a bookstore? Says Faulkner: a crust of goodtaste, a filling of the unusual, and anaroma of complete friendliness.Auspicious findAlthough Faulkner is modest abouthis knack for judging art, he has succeeded in acquiring much of the choicest work of two newly recognizedItalian painters. A few months ago inRome, Faulkner was rummagingthrough canvases in an out of the wayshop, when he ran across paintings bytwo then unknown artists, Aldo Pagli-acci and Renzo Vespigniani. He likedimpact of youth back from the wars.They found the opposite. They foundyoung men who accepted authoritywithout question; who worked likebeavers; who were interested in therapid completion of all requirements,and who desired above everythingelse civil service jobs in governmentor employment in a mammoth corporation with a good record of takingcare of its own. They, too, sought the work he saw, and had the dealerget him more. Two months later, anoted newsmagazine played up bothpainters as the finds of the decade.And in Rome, eager collectors grabbedup all the samples of Pagliacci's andVespigniani's work they could find.Away from the shop, which isn'toften, Picher and Faulkner spend agood deal of time developing their owncollections. Picher, who started gathering James Joyce first editions whilehe was at the University, now has anoutstanding cache of Joyceana, including some thirty personal letters.Faulkner is spending more time athome than usual these days to finisha mammoth translating job for Simonand Schuster. He's translating the3,750 French recipes gathered in L'ArtCulinaire Moderne into the Americanepicure's English. "After all," Faulkner insists, "with no more explicationsde tfixtes, I had to make some use ofall that French."security. In short, the G.I. wave wasno advancing wave of the future, buta retreating wave subsiding into thegeneral level of the sea." Excerptfrom the College Convocation address June, 1951, by E. C. Colwell,then President of the University. Mr.Colwell since has accepted appointment as The Distinguished VisitingProfessor at Eynory University.Faulkner (left), Harper Reference Librarian Winifred Ver Nooy, and PicherOCTOBER, 1951 17WORLD'S OLDEST THERMOMETERA little shell, one-sixth of a billion years old,yields up its story to a Nobel Prize chemist.His account of the disclosure is perhaps justas interesting as a demonstration of howa scientist attacks one sort of problem.By Harold C. UreyCross section of a belemnite showing seasonal ringsDURING THE 1930's, I was muchinterested in the difference inchemical properties of substances asdetermined by their isotopic composition. ( It has since become rather commonplace information that isotopesare variants of chemical elements, differing in weight from the ordinarymanifestations of these elements. Oneof the isotopes of uranium has, in fact,become quite famous.)After the war, in which most of myresearch became so heavily involved inthe fission bomb project that it wasno longer an interesting subject forpublic lectures, I decided to review thechemical difference between isotopicsubstances, write a paper, and thenturn to other subjects. One of thesewas a phase of the chemistry of earthhistory.In response to a remark of mine,made while visiting Switzerland, thatthe concentration of the isotope oxygen 18 was different in fresh water andmarine water, Dr. Paul Niggli pointedout that the limestone deposited inthe two varieties of water should showcorresponding differences in composition as regards oxygen isotope concentration. Hence, he reasoned, it shouldbe possible to distinguish between freshand marine water deposits. This wasundoubtedly true. In the course of preparing the manuscript on isotopes, I noted the possibility of using isotope abundance ofsolid calcium carbonate as a temperature-measuring device. I surmised thatthis might be used as a recording thermometer and might be a very durableone, so that temperatures recordedhundreds of millions of years agomight still be read. The long historyof the earth, which geologists haveunraveled in the past, has always fascinated me. Hence I was immensely interested in trying to measure thetemperatures of past ages of the earth.Fortunately I have been able to find a number of young men* who were alsointrigued by these possibilities, andtogether we have worked on theseproblems since the summer of 1946.Pitfalls numerousAs a start, we decided to measurethe ratio of oxygen 18 to oxygen 16in all forms of calcium carbonate, andthen the ratio of this quantity to theratio of the same isotopes found inwater. If a difference in the abundanceof oxygen isotopes, as between water*Dr. Urey's co-uorliers are Dr. Samuel Epstein,Dr. Heinz Lowcnstam, and Charles McKinney.Geologic PeriodsEra Period Approximate TimeCenozoic (age of mammalsand man) QuaternaryTertiary to 1 million years agoto 70 million years agoMesozoic (age ofReptiles) Cretaceous to 120 million years agoJurassicTriassic to 155 million years agoto 190 million years agoPaleozoic (age of invertebrates and primitivevertebrates)(Earlier' paleozoic periods and Permianolder eras are no to 215 million years agoincluded.)18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEand .calcium carbonate, proved to exist, as theoretically predicted, we mightalso confidently expect to find thisabundance varying somewhat with thetemperature at which calcium carbonate is deposited. And any physicalproperty that changes with the temperature may be used as a thermometer. Continuing studies have indicatedthat this is the case, and that thesetemperature records may be valid overlong periods of time. It is only necessary to read the thermometers thatwere deposited by animals living inthe seas of past time as they grew theirshells.The problems connected with making these measurements have been verygreat, and they are not yet completelysolved. It was necessary to calculatethe expected change in isotopic concentration in relation to temperature,and then to check these calculations bymeasuring samples of calcium car-Ti>wn &. Country bonate deposited at known temperatures. We next had to test animalsgrown at various temperatures to determine whether the isotopic compositions of calcium carbonate depositedwere in equilibrium with the waterthey lived in. It was also necessary todetermine whether the concentrationof oxygen 18 in the oceans had remained constant through time. Whileworking on the empirical temperaturescale, we discovered that the oceansvary considerably in isotopic composition. This was an unexpected difficulty.Ultimately, we would apply the isotopic content of fossils to the measurement of temperature. This we woulddetermine through the use of veryprecise mass spectrometer measurements. As you know, the mass spectrometer can separate isotopes of matterby weight, much as a prism divideslight into its constituent wave lengths. Cigar-shaped cephalopodSome animals apparently do not laydown their shells in equilibrium withthe sea, while others do. One animalwhich does so, and therefore is a suitable recorder of temperatures by ourmethod, is the belemnite'* a cigar-shaped cephalopod of considerable antiquity, now unfortunately extinct.The skeletons of these squid-like animals, colloquially known as thunder-stones, have turned out to be particularly useful because of their massivestructure.Several difficulties were encounteredin determining the relation betweentemperature and isotopic composition.It was difficult to know the temperatures at which the animals grew theirshells, since temperatures vary withthe seasons, and animals surely do notgrow their shells at a uniform rate* Rhymes with: a STEM blight.throughout the year. In fact, somedissolve part of their shells and re-deposit them, as for instance in thecase of gastropods with flared or otherwise curiously shaped openings to theirshells. Thus the average compositionof an animal's shell, either recent orfossil, will not record the mean temperature. If some animal has laiddown its shell continuously, eventhough not at a uniform rate, theseasonal variations should be recordedand our investigations should showthe temperature and the total seasonalvariation. In this case the mean ofthe extreme temperatures is morelikely to be the true mean temperaturethan is that derived from the meanisotopic composition.The procedure in securing our mostrecent temperature-isotopic composition scale has been to determine themaximum variation of isotopic composition of a shell and assume that themaximum and minimum in oxygen 18abundance were laid at the lowestand highest temperatures respectivelyfor the region in which the animallived. The isotopic composition of seawater varies roughly with salinity, dueundoubtedly to the circumstance thatboth oxygen 18 content and salinityare increased in residual water by evaporation and are decreased in rainwater. The oxygen 18 content variesrather regularly with the temperaturealso, probably because net evaporationand condensation vary with the temperature as well.Measurements on a Jurassic belemn-ite have shown that the temperaturerecord is retained over a period of theorder of 150 million years. Well-defined growth lines are present andmake possible cutting a sequence ofsamples which can be duplicated onthe animal's two sides. Correspondingsamples taken from the two halvesshould check exactly if the record hasbeen retained. They proved to do so.Brief biographyA seasonal variation should appear— if seasons existed in the Jurassic, ifthe animal laid down his shell throughout the year, and if the record is preserved. Obviously, the belemnite usedin our most recent study, for example,was hatched from an &gg in the spring,lived four years, and died in the springaround April, say, 150 million yearsago. He grew rapidly during his lastfull summer, but not during his last spring. Was this due to maturity, orperhaps to ill health which ultimatelycaused his death? (The use of themasculine pronouns, incidentally, doesnot indicate an exact knowledge ofthe sex of the belemnite.)The mean ocean temperature inwhich our belemnite lived was indicated to be 68 °F, and the seasonalvariation about 11°F. Four years is aprobable age for an invertebrate ofthis type, and the seasonal variationlooks like those of the temperate zoneat the present time.We have studied temperatures ofthe Upper Cretaceous of Mississippi,the Carolinas and New Jersey, in theUnited States, and of England, Denmark, and Sweden. The temperaturelevels of the United States and Europeappear to be remarkably close to eachother. Temperatures of the southernUnited States are lower than thoseof the present, those of New Jerseyabout the same as now, and those ofEurope distinctly higher than presenttemperatures.Better CirculationWe live in an unusual climaticperiod geologically, for the earth.is justemerging from an ice age — or is goingback into one, perhaps. Large massesof ice still remain in Greenland andAntarctica, and local glaciers are located in other places. Freezing ice atthe poles or near them produces freshwater on the surface of the oceans.This floats for some time, freezes during the next winter, and only slowlytakes part in the convections of theoceans. It seems highly probable thatbetter convection of the oceans wouldoccur if little or no freezing at highlatitudes took place. In this case, surface waters would be cooled, and sincesea water has no point of maximumdensity, the cold water of normalsalinity would sink and promote convection of the oceans. Surface waterwould flow more rapidly toward thepoles than it does at the present time,and deep waters would move morerapidly toward the tropics. The circulation of the oceans during UpperCretaceous times was probably muchbetter than now. Water probablyflowed more freely in the southernUnited States and in western Europe— both then under water. And this,rather than a hypothetical shift in theposition of the north pole, may have promoted more uniform temperaturesover the regions we have investigated.Pyramids relatively youthfulThere have been most markedchanges in the character and rate ofsedimentation in past ages. This iswell known to geologists, but is dramatically evident in the Valley of theKings, west of Luxor. The Esna shale,of dark appearance, joins the Eocenelimestone, in which the tombs arebuilt, with a very sharp boundary. Inmany places the line can be locatedwithin a few centimeters, marking theboundary between the Cretaceous andthe Eocene, and hence between theMesozoic and Cenozoic epochs. Manypeople visit Egypt to see antiquitiesdating back some 4,000 years. I foundthis boundary of some 60 million yearsago an even more interesting antiquity.The one series of rocks lies conformably on the other, so that sedimentation was continuous through thisboundary. Hence the temperaturerecord, if it can ever be read, may tellus whether any unusual temperaturechange occurred at this boundary. Theserious problem which confronts us isthe great dearth of fossils in thesetransition zones. Where did the survivors of the great tragedy in earthhistory that occurred at the end of theCretaceous period, some 60 millionyears ago, leave their skeletal remains?Will another such tragedy occur, andif so, when? Will it be tomorrow oranother 60 million years from now?And what were the physical characteristics of the transition period?Many dramatic questions can beasked. They are the everyday questions of the geologist. But a physicalchemist, meeting them for the firsttime, finds them among the most challenging questions that he has ever considered, and finds himself most interested in any contributions to theiranswers that he can possibly make.The full version of. the precedingarticle was presented by Dr. Urey atthe June meeting of the Pacific Section, American Association for theAdvancement of Science. Dr. Urey,a Hoosier, was awarded the NobelPrize in 1934 for his discovery ofheavy hydrogen. He is DistinguishedService Professor of Chemistry in theUniversity's Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nuclear Studies.20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE*Soc. IIWhat Is It?A blow-by-blow account of an outstanding College courseas it continues to evolve, by a thoughtful member of its staffBy David RiesmanIF I HAD TO characterize in asingle sentence the contributionwhich our course in "Culture andPersonality," also known as Social Sciences II, makes to the developmentof unified teaching of the social sciences, I would say it lay in our emphasis on the relation of history to theother social sciences.For it is fair, I think, to state thatmuch of the current work in socialanthropology, sociology, social psychology (as well as the newcomer,social phychiatry) operates, so tospeak, in the present tense. The categories used are not developed in orderto capture social change, but rather toencompass contemporary relationships.The historian, on the other hand,though focused on the past and allegedly concerned with change, hasnot really overcome the political-diplomatic-military emphasis of his tradi-ton, even — or especially — when headds a chapter or two at the end asto how "the people" lived.It would be absurd to contend thatwe at Chicago have "solved" the problem of professional barrier and have,in one undergraduate year, filled inthe no nfen's land between history (ascustomarily practiced) and the othersocial sciences (as customarily practiced).What we can say, however, is thatwe have tried. Since the staff includes men trained in economics, law,and political science, as well as in*Pronounced: so-SHTOO sociology and anthropology and history, we can hardly help being onguard against the dangers of "psychologizing." That is, we do not seeall events in terms solely of "tensions"in interpersonal relations.Achieving balanceSometimes, in fact, our respect forhistory and for its institutional legaciesis almost too profound, so that wehave difficulty in giving sufficientweight to the more impalpable datadisclosed by contemporary psychoanalytic and anthropological investigations. It is, however, to these dataRIESMANRobert McCulIough that the course devotes much of itsattention at the outset. We tackle theproblems of history only in the secondhalf of the year.We begin the year with a bookwhich is somewhat out of the mainstream of research in "culture andpersonality," namely Gunnar Myrdal'sAn American Dilemma; and the staffhas rather mixed feelings about thebook and its value for us.Our selections from it are chosento show how, over the course of time,a "reflexive" Negro culture (or, rather,set of cultures, stratified by class) hasdeveloped in the United States, inresponse to white pressures and expectations and how, conversely, whiteculture (again class-stratified) hasbeen influenced by the ideologies,stereotypes and guilts that resultsfrom the subordinate position of theNegro.In addition to representing in hisown person some of the problems ofunifying social science, Myrdal alsorepresents another tendency withwhich it is well to acquaint our students at the outset, namely the greatself-consciousness about methodologyand the problem of objectivity. Arethe social sciences "scientific?" Whatabout "bias?"- What about "laws?"What is the relation of the socialscientist to "policy?"Making authors argueIt is only after Myrdal's book hasserved as a kind of jumping-off place• — a body of data and concept whichthe students, for the most part, canrelate to their own inescapable experiences or attitudes in the field ofrace relations — that we proceed toan effort to "integrate" the psychoanalytic view of culture and personal-OCTOBER, 1951 21The simple fact is that an educationaloffensive against racial intolerance, goingdeeper than the reiteration of the "glittering generalities" in the nation's politicalcreed, has never seriously been attemptedin America.—An American DilemmaThe command to love our neighborsas ourselves is the strongest defense^ thereis against human aggressiveness and it is asuperlative example of the unpsychologicalattitude of the cultural super-ego. Thecommand is impossible to fulfil; such anenormous inflation of love can only lowerits value. . . . Anyone who follows suchpreaching in the present state of civilization only puts himself at a disadvantagebeside all those who set it at naught.—Civilization and Its Discontents. . . We have already draw?i attentionto the very significant difficulty experiencedby very young children in distinguishingbetween what they have invented themselves and tuhat has. been imposed uponthem from the outside. . . . Nothing ismore characteristic of childhood memoriesthan this complex sensation of gainingaccess to one's most intimate possessionsand at the same time being dominated bysomething greater than oneself whichseems like a source of inspiration. Thereis little mysticism without an element oftranscendence, and, conversely, there is notranscendence without a certain degree ofegocentrism. . . .—The Moral Judgment of the ChildThe soa follows the pattern of the talking chief who makes material demandsupon his chief in return for the immaterial services which he renders him. Ifmarriage results from his ambassadorship,he receives a specially fine present from thebridegroom. The choice of a soa presentsmany difficulties. If the lover chooses asteady, reliable boy . . . unambitious inaffairs of the heart, very likely the ambassador will bungle the whole affair throughinexperience and lack of tact. But if hechooses a handsome and expert wooer . . .then as likely as not the girl will prefer thesecond principal.—Coming of Age in SamoaIn spite of certain universal similarities(in language, dress, familial structure, andtechnical adaptations) which appear in oursociety, the conditions under which personshave access to fundamental biological andsocial goals are defined by a system of privilege. When this system is examined indetail . . . it is found to be a system ofsocially ranked groups, with varying degrees of social movement existing betweenthem. Each of these groups consists ofpeople who associate or may associatefreely with each other, but who do notassociate freely with the groups "above"and "below" them.—Children of Bondage ity with that of social anthropology.It is this integration that is the distinguishing mark — indeed the birthright — of this whole mode of investigation that is called "personality andculture." It also provides the analytical tools which our students will usethroughout the year.We develop this theme by staging akind of "dialectical argument" between Freud and Ruth Benedict. Wespend some five weeks on Freud, reading The Origin and Development ofPsychoanalysis (the "Clark Universitylectures"), Civilization and Its Discontents, and the famous letter toEinstein, "Why War?"Although there is a temptation tobring in the great variety of recentwork on "personality," we prefer notto scatter our shot. We stick prettyclosely to psychoanalytic theory (although by no means all members ofthe teaching staff believe it to be the"best" theory) mainly as a heuristiccommitment to focus our energies.While our strategies in teachingFreud vary widely among differentstaff members — and with the samestaff from year to year — our generalemphasis is on the interpersonal, assummed up in the Oedipus complex,and on such mechanisms of socialimport as sublimation and projection.We minimize concern with the "topography" of individual personality: id,ego, super-ego, and their relations.Above all, our effort is to see Freudas a student of civilization and, especially in Civilization and Its Discontents, as its critic. Following him, weread Ruth Benedict's Patterns oj Culture and contrast her more sanguineview of culture and its socializing consequences with Freud's pessimism.In this Freud-Benedict debate thedanger is that we will simplify both:that we will see Freud as the exponentof unchanging, biologically rooted, instinctive human nature and Benedictas the exponent of complete culturalrelativity, a member of the "culture-can-do-anything" school. But in lectures and in small-group discussionr(we have two a week of each) anattempt is made to catch the ironiesand ambivalences in both positions andto see their combination as a tool ofextraordinary power in contemporarysocial research.Comparing culturesWe follow Freud and Benedict witha five- or six-week period devoted to the examination of child socialization.We read from Piaget's The MoralJudgment oj the Child the empiricaldata on how "rules of the game" aredeveloped among the marble players—a wonderful illustration of howmuch can be done with how little inthe way of "apparatus."This opens up the domain of cross-cultural comparisons, and I have encouraged my students to recall andobserve children's games to comparewith the unaggressive and co-operative Swiss children of Piaget's book.Furthermore, from year to year wehave used readings alternately onthe socialization of Hopi, Navaho, orJapanese children (this year we shallread Margaret Mead's Coming oj Agein Samoa).We read Allison Davis and JohnDollard's Children oj Bondage withan eye both to their attempted combination of psychoanalytic theory andlearning theory and to the review andexpansion of material in the Myrdalreading bearing on the relation between social class and child socialization practices. The students generallyconclude that the fact of being aNegro is far less important than one'ssocial class position in helping to explain personality development, perhaps especially at the lower end ofthe social scale.It is only after this material hasbeen developed that we proceed toexamine Western culture and personality in the light of history. Forstudies that give a sense of the changing personality of modern man underthe impact of industrialization andurbanization, we rely on some of theclassics of social science; we pick fromyear to year among Adam Smith,Marx, Max Weber, Malthus, Durk-heim, and Veblen.We read, for example some of thosesections of Marx, taken from a goodmany of his earlier writings as well asCapital, that deal with the changefrom feudal to capitalist times andwith the differential social roles —hence, in modern terms, social personality types — forced on capitalistsand proletarians by their differing relations to the means of productionand consumption.We read the Protestant Ethic ofWeber (and related portions of theGeneral Economic History), with itsattempt to distinguish the specificallymodern capitalist from the traditional22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpre- Puritan type in terms of the differences in religious ethics which activated them. We read Veblen's TheTheory oj the Leisure Class, with itsdescription of how the requirementsof conspicuous consumption are translated into detailed behavior patterns,ideologies, and even tropisms for thedifferent sexes and social classes asthese develop in historical sequence.Industry vs. personalityThe course next includes a sectionon the impact of industrialization onpersonality, using a series of readingsthat deal more or less concretely withfactory life. We read exerpts fromFrederick Taylor's Scientific Management and contrast him with EltonMayo's Human Problems in an Industrial Society. The students appearto be violently unsympathetic to Taylor, while proving themselves childrenof their times in their sympathy forMayo's account.To supplement these respective implied portrayals of the personalitytype of the industrial manager, wehave found, in Everett Hughes5French Canada in Transition an account of the impact of factory workand urban life on habitants, and exerpts from this round out this partof the course.We inaugurate the next congeriesof problems with Robert Owen's ANew View oj Society, a sanguine reminder of an era when, with awakening understanding of the importanceof the environment for shaping personality, forward-looking people hadhigh hopes for the transformation ofmankind as a whole through consciouseffort. The end of that road, in theliterary sense, is to be found in the"anti-utopias" of our own day; fromthem we have chosen Aldous Huxley'sBrave New World as a sardonic foilto Owen's enthusiasm.In much the same way we playagainst each other Sumner's Folkwaysand Dewey's Human Nature and Conduct,, with their very different notionsas to man's capacity to take controlof the processes of personal and cultural change and as to the possibilityof developing rational norms forevaluating cultures.And, to see what is really involvedin the attempts to change any givenindividual, we read Bruno Bettel-heim's account of a delinquent's slowand partial "thawing out" by the ap plication of psychoanalytically oriented therapy in an elaborate institutional setting, "Harry — A Study inRehabilitation."Classroom variantsIn much of these materials, vigilance is required on the part of theteacher to protect the slowly awakening student from the aggressively self-emancipated, and to see that the discussion neither avoids confronting thestudent with the material nor bludgeons him with it.In many sections of the course, thestaff as well as the students face thetask of going back to the original text,of Freud or Marx or Veblen, with asfresh and unstereotyped an approachas possible. Moreover, they have tobattle not only fifty or more years ofideology and "interpretation" of theseauthors, but the ever-looming finalexamination system, with its felt pressure for quick ingestion of the authorin terms of statable propositons thatcan as quickly be produced on notice.Many of these problems tend toloom less large, however, if theteacher is sufficiently convinced thatall reading which does not somehow,sometime, get related to the students'own experience remains rote learning, fundamentally meaningless andincapable of application to novel problems. No amount of talk about psychoanalysis is satisfactory, for example,unless the students can actually catchtheir own unconscious unawares, soto speak, and can come to believethat they, too, have an unconsciousand that it operates in their own dailylives.Older persons cannot adequatelyjudge today's youngsters simply onthe basis of their own recollections oflate high school or early college years,even if recollections were not distorted by envies and amnesias. Andwhile some may think there were advantages in the slower and oftengentler growing up of the collegiateera, it would seem that it is no helpto today's young people to treat themas if they were less capable andmature than their times have forcedthem to become. Here we touch onthe self-confirming prediction in socialaffairs, if we regard students as mature,we assist them to become so — andvice versa.The foregoing article was printed in itscomplete form in The Journal of GeneralEducation. David Riesman is Professor ofSocial Sciences in the College. Political power, properly so called, ismerely the organized power of one classfor oppressing another. If the proletariatduring its contest with the bourgeoisie iscompelled, by the force of circumstances, toorganize itself as a class, if, by means of arevolution, it makes itself the ruling class,and, as such, sweeps away by force the oldconditions of production, then it will, alongwith these conditions, have swept away theconditions for the existence of class antagonism, and of classes generally, and willthereby have abolished its own supremacyas a class.—The Communist ManifestoLow wages are by no means identicalwith cheap labour. From a purely quantitative point of view the efficiency of labourdecreases with a wage which is physiologically insufficient, which may in the long. run even mean a survival of the unfit.—The Protestant Ethic and theSpirit of Capitalism. . . Man knows not the limit to his powerof creating food. How much has this powerbeen latterly increased. . . ! And . . . suchknowledge is in its infancy. . . . Food for¦man may be also considered as a compound of the original elements; of thequalities, combinations, and control ofwhich, chemistry is daily adding to ourknowledge; nor is it yet for man to sayto what this knowledge may lead, or whereit may end.—A New View of SocietyMustapha Mond . . . wrote across thetitle-page: "The author's mathematicaltreatment of the conception of purpose isnovel and highly ingenious, but hereticaland, so far as the present social order isconcerned, dangerous and potentially subversive. Not to be published." He underlined the words. "The author will be keptunder supervision." . . . A pity, he thought,as he signed his name. It was a masterlypiece of work. But . . . it was the sort ofidea that might easily de-condition themore unsettled minds among the highercastes— make them lose their faith in happiness as the Sovereign Good. . . .—Brave New WorldFor example, when pig iron is beinghandled (each pig weighing 92 pounds), afirst-class workman can only be under load43 per cent, of the day. He must be entirely free from load during 57 per cent, ofthe day. And as the load becomes lighter,the percentage of the day under which theman can remain under load increases.—The Principles of Scientific Management.What a worker thinks on a given subjectis a symptom of what he is; his ideas cannot be torn out of their personal contextand exhibited as significant. An interviewthat occupies nearly two hours and islargely made up of confidences as to personal history and personal experience givesan observer some insight into the significance for the individual of his experiences and beliefs. But it yields little thataffords management a secure basis for executive action. : ;,,,.—The Human Problems of an IndustrialCivilizationOCTOBER, 1951 23BERLIN TheseWereCitedAt the June ReunionSEVENTEEN GRADUATES of the College before1927 were cited for public service at the annualAlumni Assembly in June.This citation reads, in part: "The Alumni Associationof the University of Chicago holds that a university education should be the training and inspiration for futureunselfish and effective service to the community, thenation, and humanity; and that men and women inaccepting the privileges of a university education assumealso the obligation to society to exercise leadership in thosecivic, social, and religious activities that are essential todemocracy."Citations are awarded only to alumni of the College whohave been graduated 25 years or more. If you know aCollege alumnus who meets the above qualifications dropus a card and the alumni committee of ten will be pleasedto give consideration to your candidate.CLARA S. ROE, '01, Elmsford, New York, hashad a distinguished career with the Y.W.C.A.After five years as head of the Y.W.C.A. work inBuenos Aires, she spent 20 years working withthe young people of Estonia, and later becamea member of the staff of the World's Y.W.C.A.in Geneva, Switzerland. She was in Praguewhen the Germans took possession. She re-entered Europe to head the World Emergency andWar Victims Fund. After retirement, she joinedthe staff of the Church World Service Commission and has been working in Lisbon the pastthree years with displaced persons— doing anexceptional job because of her knowledge ofSpanish and her ideals of service.MARGARET DONNAN INGALLS, '02, Chicago, accepts few offices or honors but willinglyand enthusiastically accepts working responsibilities for which she prefers no fanfare. She iscurrently a member of the boards of governorsof International House, Chicago Lying-in Hospital, and the Renaissance Society. She serveson special gifts committees for the Red Crossand the Community Chest, and for many yearswas a conscientious member of the AlumniFoundation Board. Many other groups havebenefited from her intelligent and sympatheticinterest and willing support.EDITH TERRY BREMER, '07, Port Washington, Long Island, New York, has spent a life ofservice to mankind. An early staff member ofthe National Board of the Y.W.C.A., she was particularly concerned with the problems andneeds of foreigners coming to America. In theY.W.C.A. she organized the work for foreign-born. She rendered extraordinary service tothese people during World War I. In 1934 sheleft the Y.W.C.A. to organize the AmericanFederation of International Institutes of whichshe is still the executive director.LOUIS S. BERLIN, '09, Hubbard Woods, Illi nois, co-owner of Webb-Linn Printing Company, Chicago, devotes much of his spare timeto the Mount Sinai Hospital. He is director ofthe board, chairman of dispensary and socialservice, on the public relations committee, andon the finance committee. He is a formertrustee of the Temple Sholom, Chicago, and oneof the founders of the Jewish Book Club in1930. Each year he also takes on a heavy loadof fund raising for various civic philanthropiesboth in Chicago, among his industrial colleagues, and in Hubbard Woods, among hisneighbors.EDITH PRINDIVILLE ATKINS, '11, Concord,New Hampshire, is a Representative to theNew Hampshire General Court and a memberof the Ways and Means Committee. Her civicactivities include membership in the League ofNew Hampshire Arts and Crafts, the NewHampshire Conference of Social Welfare andCitizens Council, the Hanover Home Industries(past president) , Garden Club (past president) , the League of Women Voters, and theHanover Women's Club. In 1950 she was director of the White House Conference on Children and Youth. She was the first vestrywomanin the St. Thomas Episcopal Church of Hanover and has been director of the Altar FlowerGuild for many years.ELIZABETH HALSEY, '11, Iowa City, Iowa, isprofessor of physical education and head of thedepartment of women at the University of Iowa.She is past president of the Iowa City Leagueof Women Voters and was active in securing thepassage of the act to appoint a city manager.In the twenties she was sent by the Near EastRelief to Greece and Constantinople to helprehabilitate children in the orphanages. Shehas served on the Iowa City Recreational Commission, worked to ease the housing situationfor veterans, and has held office in the localAmerican Association of University Professors.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESI ELLA LEVINKIND COUNSELBAUM, '15,Chicago, is director of community affairs for theMidwest area of the Anti-Defamation Leagueof B'Nai B'Rith. Earlier she founded and wasthe first president of the Dorothy Kahn Clubfor Spastic Children (now Spastic Children'sCenter) . She has worked unceasingly to abolishdiscrimination in education. She was Midwestprogram director for the National Conferenceof Christians and Jews; was a delegate in 1947to the International Conference of Christiansand Jews at its first Human Relations Workshopin Switzerland. She also serves the Commissionon Human Relations, the Council against Racialand Religious Discrimination, and the NationalCouncil of Negro Women. She has been citeda number of times for her work in these fields.DR. IRENE TUFTS MEAD, '15, Rush MD '26,Chicago, has a private practice of psychiatry.Unobtrusively she has rendered intelligent andinvaluable services, which never show on therecord of many worthy organizations. This isparticularly true of the University of ChicagoSettlement, where she is a member of the boardof directors. Her untiring work to make itsnursery school effective was most impressive.For years she has worked with the Y.W.C.A.where she is presently an instructor in psychology. She has done years of voluntary work withthe Chicago Orphan Asylum (now ChicagoChild Care Society) , and is on the advisoryhoard of the Scholarship and Guidance Asso-DR. GEORGE M. FISTER, '16, Rush MD '18,Ogden, Utah, is a physician and surgeon specializing in urology and in being an unselfish citizen.He has done much to introduce and popularizecommunity winter sports. He has been a director of the Ogden Chamber of Commerce; wasactive in encouraging the building of St. Benedict's Hospital; and has served in many of thetop offices of the professional societies whichlend support and leadership to communityhealth services.HAROLD P. HULS, '17, JD '21, Palo Alto,California, is a member of the California PublicUtilities Commission, with headquarters in SanFrancisco. Formerly, he was a resident of Pasadena. Past director and vice-president of theCalifornia Safety Council; former director,League of California Cities; legal adviser andalternate control center coordinator, PasadenaCivilian Defense Council; member, PasadenaTournament of Roses Association. Harold Hulshas held offices and served his communitythrough numerous service clubs, lodges, andsocieties.EDWIN L. WEISL, '17, JD '19, New York City,is a partner in the law firm of Simpson,Thatcher & Bartlett. He was one of the founders, member of the board and the executivecommittee of the American Heritage Foundation (Freedom Train) , now engaged in anextensive program to improve citizenship responsibilities. For many years a trustee of theNeurological Institute of New York; trustee ofthe New York Law School; chairman of variouscharity drives; creator, with his wife, of a research foundation to help support worthy doctors engaged in research at the New YorkPresbyterian Hospital; and director of TerminalScholarship Foundation to select four-yearscholarship students for American universities.HAROLD R. CLARK, '20, Oil City, Pennsylvania, is secretary and treasurer of the AlliedBarrel Corporation. A conscientious citizen, hisvolunteer services read like a city director ofcommunity activities: past president of Rotary;director, Chamber of Commerce; campaignchairman, the Red Cross, Disaster Relief, Flood Warning Service; Emergency Blood Donor Service; Rent Control Board; Cooperage IndustryWar Production Board; Deputy Civil DefenseCounty Coordinator; two terms on the Oil CitySchool Board. In the first World War he wasawarded the Croix de Guerre.EARLE LUDGIN, '20, Hubbard Woods, Illinois,is president of the advertising firm of EarleLudgin & Company, Chicago. Included in hisNorth Shore activities is the Ravinia FestivalAssociation, of which he is a trustee and a member of the executive committee. He has been atireless member of the Alumni FoundationBoard for the past four years. His deep interestin art has led him to accept responsibilities as atrustee of the American Federation of Arts andThe Poetry Association. He is also past president of the Society of Contemporary AmericanArt.EDMUND K. EICHENGREEN, '22, Chicago,is an associate with the Rollins Burdick HunterCompany, insurance. One of his major interestshas been young people. He was treasurer of theYoung Men's Jewish Council for 23 years and isa past president. This agency operates threeboys' clubs and a camp. He is chairman ofLower North Centers, Inc., operating a club forNegro boys. In addition he is director of theJewish Federation of Chicago; treasurer andpast president of the Foundation for CancerResearch; and active in money raising for theCommunity Fund and other worthy communityenterprises.FLORENCE COOK SLAYTON, '25, Chicago,has always been a tireless and loyal Universitysupporter, working on many important committees through the years. She has been activewith the Parent Teachers Association, sponsoreda Y.M.C.A. boys' grammar school group, andhelped to organize a youth center in BeverlyHills, her home community in Chicago. She hasrecently worked with the Alpha Delta PhiMothers Club and for her Sigma Club scholarship fund. She has headed important committees of the Beverly Hills Infant Welfare, Community Fund, Cancer Drives, and the Leagueof Women Voters.EDWARD C. AMES, '26, Toledo, Ohio, is public relations director for the Owens-CorningFiberglas Corporation. Since 1945 he has beena member of the Toledo School Board (president in 1947 and 1950) , and a member of theOhio Citizens Commission for the Public Schools.He received the Junior Chamber of Commercedistinguished service award for 1938; is president elect of the Toledo Rotary Club, and pastpresident of the Torch Club. He has been avestryman, junior warden, and lay reader in theSt. Mark's Episcopal Church; is a member of theboard of directors of the Hospital Service Association of Toledo; and is honorary trustee of theRiverside Hospital.CLIFTON M. UTLEY, '26, Chicago, is a radioand television commentator with the NationalBroadcasting Company. Crowded with broadcasts, he always has time for civic responsibilities. He is chairman of the nonpartisan FifthWard Independent Citizens Committee; sponsorof the United Negro College Fund and theUnitarian Service Committee; member of theChicago Council Against Racial Discriminationand of the Chicago Commonwealth Club. During World War II he was the effective Midwestchairman of the U. S. Committee for the Careof European Children— adopting three into hisown home. Generous with his limited time,Clifton Utley works for Community, Heart, Cancer and other drives. In 1941 he was the national chairman for the University's Fiftieth Anniversary alumni fund drive. nCLARKFilm GraphicsLUDGIN© Fabian BachrachEICHENGREENAMESUTLEYOCTOBER, 1951 25I made the right choice the first time!1 wanted to avoid a trial-and-error beginning.So in January, 1949, after I graduated from UCLA, Imade a list of the four things I wanted most out of a career.CO was a business of my own requiring no capital;(2) was an income not limited by slow, scheduled raisesor a ceiling; (3) a sense of contributing something tosociety, and (4) the chance to live in the community ofmy choice.The only career that fitted all these points, I wasrather surprised to learn, was life insurance. I had likedthe advertising of New England Mutual, so I stopped inat one of their Los Angeles offices. I was really sold bythe caliber of the men I met there, and by their sincerityand helpful attitude. I signed up, and started in on thecompany's comprehensive training program.During my second year in the business, I sold enoughlife insurance to bring me two or three times the incomeI could have expected from a salaried job, so soon out ofcollege. And at the same time, I have the satisfaction ofadding to the security and peace of mind of the familiesI have served.No wonder I'm sure that, in choosing a career and acompany, I made the right choice the first time ! If you would like more information about a career inwhich your individual ability and industry— and nothingelse — determine your income, write Mr. H. C. Chaney,Director of Agencies, 501 Boylston St., Boston 17, Mass.One reason New England Mutual agents do so well is thatthey have a truly fine product to sell. The New England Mutuallife insurance policy is a liberal and flexible contract that cangive you just the kind of financial help you require.And you will be pleasantly surprised to find that the ratesfor many New England Mutual policies are lower today thanthey were 20 years ago!If you are interested in having your life insurance programcustom-tailored to fit your personal or business needs, get intouch with one of your own alumni listed below, or one ofthe other 700 college-trained men who represent New EnglandMutual from Maine to Hawaii.These University of Chicago men are New England Mutual representatives:Harry Benner, '11, ChicagoGeorge Marselos, '34, ChicagoPaul C. Lippold, '38, Chicago James M. Banghart, '41,San FranciscoJohn R. Downs, '46, ChicagoNew England Mutual would like to add several qualified University of Chicago men to its sales organization which is locatedin the principal cities from coast to coast. If you are interested,write to Mr. Chaney as directed above.us^sc~^**^&.s. The New EnglandMutual Life Insurance Companyof Boston26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECLASS1893Mrs. George Sikes, PhM, writes that sheis recovering from a broken thigh bone,and has "graduated to one crutch and acane. Grandson George Reiley Sikes spentthe summer term at Meadville Theologicalseminary."1897Manila Waite Freeman is chairman ofthe motion picture preview committee ofthe American Library Association, NewYork City.Winfred E. Garrison, BD, PhD '97, professor emeritus of Church History and literary editor of the Christian Century, hasmoved to Houston, Texas, to become aprofessor in the department of philosophyand religion at the University of Houston.He will continue on the editorial staff ofthe Christian Century.1899Ward A. Cutler's two-week vacation triplast June, which ended at the Universitywith the alumni luncheon, took himthrough 18 states from Oklahoma and thedeep south to the Atlantic coast.Jacob G. Hamaker, of Buckingham, Virginia, just celebrated his 80th birthday onOctober 1st. His 50th wedding anniversarywas June 5, 1951.Pearl L. Hunter, AM '20, (Mrs. WilliamJ. Weber) is a collector for the Crowell-Collier Readers Service in Tulsa, Oklahoma.1900Edwin D. Solenberger is retired as secretary emeritus of the Pennsylvania Children's Aid Society and is living in UpperDarby, Pennsylvania.1901Hyatt E. Covey of Hamill, S. D., hasserved four terms in the state senate andone as lieutenant governor. Starting with ahomestead in 1909 he, with his two sons,now owns 2520 acres of land. A third sonis an attorney.Elsie Horn Tyndale lives in New YorkCity. She has her master's from Columbia(1918). She has been a clinical psychologistwith both the state and New York City.The past two years she has been studyingphilosophy at New York University.Myra Strawn Hartshorn in a letter tothe Alumni office did some interestingreminiscing about her undergraduate daysat the University between 1893-1901, whichwere interrupted by sojourns to Europeand the Middle East where her travelsbrought her in contact with "friends ofpolitical progress" and material for articlesin Harpers Weekly.She adds that her later years have beenspent in Beverly Hills taking care of herfamily, home, and business matters.Florence Turney McKee was married tothe head of Frances Shimer School in 1901.They moved to Urbana in the 1930's to benear his farms. After his death in 1933,Florence remained in Urbana to continuemanaging the property.1902Willard H. Garrett retired last year asprofessor emeritus of mathematics andastronomy at Baker University, Baldwin,Kansas.Maurice Mandeville writes, "I havebought a wee place in the heart of theOzarks and in a few weeks shall go there NEWSto enjoy the autumn of life. The Magazine is my continuing touch with what hasgone before."1904Zonia Baber celebrated her 89th birthday in August. Her niece writes that MissBaber is "in good health, walks six toeight blocks every day and enjoys life immensely. She looks forward each month toreading the University news from cover tocover."1905Edward M. Kerwin is vice president andtreasurer of E. J. Brach & Sons, Chicago.George Schobinger is vice-president incharge of controls of the Day and Zimmerman engineering firm in Philadelphia. Hiswife, an authority on hand weaving, led a group of persons interested in the craft onan extensive tour of Scandinavia this pastsummer. Mr. Schobinger joined her laterin the summer after a side trip to Switzerland.1907Edward W. Allen is the proud possessorof a collection of interesting and valuableJapanese maps which he loaned this summer to the Japanese Trade Fair in Seattle.Mr. Allen's collection exhibits the artistryof the early Japanese mapmakers. Long adevotee of* old books and maps, Allen,Seattle attorney and scholar, has spentmany years in his worldwide travels collecting rarities.Edward A. Henry, DB, who became university librarian emeritus of the Universityof Cincinnati this year, has accepted aposition as cataloger of the joint universitylibraries at Vanderbilt while teaching university library administration at the GeorgePeabody College Library School in Nashville, Tenn. In the late twenties he wasacting director of Chicago's libraries.1909Attention Beecherites! Kate Knowles, ofSan Antonio, Texas, says, "Please publishTexas reunionThis smiling, academic quartet, allPhD's from the University of Chicago, had a happy reunion at thespring commencement of Baylor university.From left to right, the gentlemenare: Joseph McELhannon, AM '22,PhD '26, professor in the Baylorschool of education; Wilby T. Gooch,PhD '18, administrative vice-president of Baylor; James P. Simonds,MD '07, PhD '23, who received anhonorary LL.D from Baylor at theconvocation, and who is professoremeritus of pathology at Northwestern university; and Monroe S. Carroll, PhD '37. news from members who lived in Beecherhall during 1906-1909." Send it in. We'llpublish it.Arch S. Loonier, of Sacramento, California, retired after 40 years as a teacherof chemistry in high school.The Reverend Walter S. Pond kept hisfortieth anniversary of ordination by aservice of thanksgiving at St. Barnabas'Episcopal church in Chicago on June 17.1910Leverett S. Lyon, '10, AM '18, PhD '21,who has accumulated many honors andhonorary degrees (including our AlumniCitation in 1943), was awarded an honorary LL.D. at the June commencement ofNorthwestern University. He is chief executive officer of the Chicago Association ofCommerce in addition to being a trusteeOCTOBER, 1951 27MORE LEADERS AMONGITS READERS!That's what top executives everywhereare discovering about Mid-West Alumn,Magazines. Chicago is one of the sevenAlumni Magazines that compose theMid-West Group, which has98,000 READERS!A selective audience with BIG Incomes,BIG Influence, BIG Needs-a BIG primary market for advertisers.W. B. Conkey Co.Division ofRand McNally & Company0P%i*tt&i& and ^We^CHICAGO • HAMMOND • NEW YORKSine* 1885ALB ERTTeachers' AgencyThe btit in placement service for University.College, Secondary and Elementary. Nationwide patronage. Call or write ui at25 E. Jackson Blvd.Chicago 4, IllinoisMIDWESTALUMNI MAGAZINESPhone, Write or Call-but one way or another get theREAL Advertising Story back ofthese seven alumni magazines.Data available from your ownAlumni Magazine office, or American Alumni Magazines at 22Washington Square, N., NewYork 1 1 . GRamercy 5-2039 of the Brookings Institution, Beloit College, and Howard University.1911Harry B. Hershcy, JD., of Taylorvilie,Illinois, won out over his Republican opponent for a scat on the Illinois SupremeCourt.Charles V. Stansell, AM, was honored inthe Charter Day observances last spring ofOttawa Universiy, Kansas, for outstandingpublic service. He is associate editor ofThe Kansas City Star, as well as newsanalyst and commentator.1912Horace E. Whiteside has been awardeda memorial professorship in the CornellUniversity Law School in honor of J. Du-Pratt White. Professor Whiteside is associated with the New York law firm ofWhitman, Ransom, Coulson and Goetz.1913George O. Curme, Jr., PhD, has beenelected vice-president in charge of researchof the Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation, New York City.Lorry Northrup, vice-president and general manager of Erwin Wasey and Co., waschairman of the promotion committee forthe 1951 Red Cross campaign.Lawrence H. Whiting, president of theAmerican Furniture Mart, left in April ona 45 day trip to make a trade survey in 16European countries. He visited seven European trade fairs as trade adviser to theU. S. Department of Commerce, the economic cooperation administration, and thefurniture and home furnishings industries.1914William M. Sebring, ex-' 14, is vice-president and secretary-treasurer of Columbia Mills, Inc., in Syracuse.Henry C. Shull, JD '16, of Sioux City,Iowa, has retired as president of the IowaState board of education, after 24 years ofservice.1915Margaret Anne Walker was married toA. L. D. Warner on February 6, 1951. Theylive in Indio, California.1916Carl T. Olson, MD '18, of Highland Park,Illinois, was elected director of the Industrial Medical Association in April, 1951.He is chairman of the committee on workmen's compensation and insurance of theThis is retirement?When Charles T. Holman, BD '16,was retired as professor of pastoralduties at the University in 1947 hemoved to Guatemala City to putinto practice some of the methodshe had been recommending to hisdivinity students through the yearsat the University. He became pastorof the Union Church of Guatemala.This church serves English speaking Protestants; is entirely independent and self-supporting. Without the aid of a missionary dollar,Charles T. Holman set out to builda new church edifice.Ground was broken in September,1949. It was dedicated on May 27,1951. Dominated by an artistictower in keeping with the Spanisharchitecture of the building, the totalcost was $150,000.Apparently Charles Holman's theories on pastoral duties were sound. I. M.A. and associate editor of the "Journalof Industrial Medicine and Surgery."1917Florence O. Austin, Rush MI) '18, tookthe long way home after she attended theAmerican Psychiatric convention in Cincinnati, including the Yucatan, Guatemala,and Mexico in her return to Los Angeles.Verle Morrow, AM, has retired as ateacher at George Washington High Schoolin Los Angeles, California, and is living inWaukegan, Illinois.Helen R. Olson continues her associationwith Deboth Features, advertising, in NewYork City.Merlin J. Stone, MD '20, was married toGeorgia Ganis on May 19, 1951, in Reno,Nevada. The couple spent the summer insouthern Oregon and now is living inGrants Pass, Oregon.1918Mildred Fahy Shea, SM '22, is principalof the Pierce School, Chicago.Clark J. Laus, MD '18 (Rush), is aphysician in Syracuse specializing in internal medicine.Olive T. Turner, of Newfane, Vermont,is a bacteriologist at Brattleboro (Vermont)Memorial Hospital. Her husband, JohnW. MacArthur, PhD '21, died in July,1950.Ethel O. Whitney, of Maquoketa, Iowa,has retired from teaching at Boone (Iowa)Junior College after 22 years service.1920Walter B. Bodenhafer, PhD, retired inJuly, 1951, as professor emeritus of sociologyat Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.Ray Felker and wife, Addie Thompson,'23, stopped at Alumni House for a briefvisit in June when they were on the quadrangles to pick up daughter Molly's worldlygoods for the summer vacation. Molly is astudent in the College. Ray, who has beena member of the Laclede Insurance AgencyCompany in St. Louis, now has his owncompany in that city.A. Gordon Humphrey, JD '22, has beenelected mayor of Highland Park, Illinois.Ruth Talbot, AM '21, retired in January,1951, as a teacher at Waller High School,Chicago.William W. Watson, SM '22, PhD '24,is professor and chairman of the department of physics at Yale.1921Howard K. Beale, professor of Americanhistory at the University of Wisconsin, hworking on a biography of Theodore Roosevelt, to be published by Dodd, Mead andCompany. Howard and his wife, GeorgiaRobison, '26, AM '28, and their two eldersons spent the summer of 1950 motoring inEurope, visiting friends in France, Switzerland and Vienna.James W. Buchanan PhD, has been appointed chairman of the division of thebiological sciences of the College of Letters,Arts, and Sciences of the University ofSouthern California. Dr. Buchanan joinedthe SC faculty in 1949 as the first directorof research for the Allan Hancock Foundation for Scientific Research. He will dividehis time between the Hancock Foundationand his new appointment.F. Taylor Gurney, '21, PhD '35, with hisson, Clifford, visited Alumni House in lateJune. Taylor is a cultural relations attache at the American Embassy in Tehran.He was on a two month leave. Clifford isa graduate of Wooster College. One of histhree sisters is with the Fulbright Scholarship organization in Tehran.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESouth American P.S.Eleanor M. Burgess has wound upa year's travels in South Americaand a flurry of faithful correspondence to the Alumni office concerningU. of C. graduates now in SouthAmerica whom she met or heard ofduring her sabbatical sojourn.This news is by way of a P.S. toher account of alumni carried in theJune issue:Donald W. Mulligan, '47, AM '50,is assistant librarian at Biblioteca Ar-tigas-Washington, Montevideo, Uruguay.Luther Ambrose, AM '28, is ateacher trainer in the U. S. Instituteof Inter-American Affairs, EducationDivision, Asuncion, Paraguay.Dorothy Waggoner, AM '46, is incharge of educational exchange, Office of the U. S. Embassy, in Asuncion.Kalervo Oberg, PhD '37, an anthropologist with the Smithsonsian Institute, is at the Escola de Sociologica ePolitica, and affiliated with the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.Mario Wagner-Vieira da Cunha,AM '44, is in the department ofAnthropology at the Faculdade deCiencias Economicas e Administrati-vos, and also president of the civilservice commission of the state ofSao Paulo. He met his German-bornwife Raquel, AM '45, at the University of Chicago. They have two children, Mauricio, 4, and Paulo, 3.Robert C. Thurston, '26, is directorof the Instituto de AdministracaoCientifica, in Sao Paulo, Brazil.R. Donald Pierson, AM '33, PhD'39, is director of the research training program of the Institute of Social Anthropology with the Smithsonian Institute, and also dean ofgraduate work at the Escola deSociologica e Politica. Mrs. Piersonalso studied at the University.R. H. Reamer Walter and his wife Mildred H. Walter, will spend a sabbatical yearin Mexico next year. Mr. Walter teaches atEast Los Angeles Junior College, and Mrs.Walter has retired from teaching in LosAngeles and is doing research in folk loriedances of Mexico.1922Helen B. Burton was presented her portrait by the Home Economics alumnae andstaff of the University of Oklahoma at areception given in April, 1951, in honor ofher 24 years of service at that university.Jesse S. Engle, AM, of Westerville,Ohio, received the honorary degree of Doctor of Humane Letters from OtterbeinCollege in June, 1951.Ford Kaufman confesses that "althoughmy own academic career was quite undistinguished, my son, 21, was graduated fromWabash College in June magna cumlaude, wrote a 'first' in comprehensives, waselected Phi Beta Kappa, and was awardeda teaching fellowship in chemistry at Harvard and a Fulbright scholarship."Cardinal L. Kelly retired in June, 1951,as a member of the staff of the Universityof Oregon. He is a certified public accountant with Kelly and Kohnen, Eugene, Oregon-Clarke S. Kessler, AM '37, bassoon playerin the Chicago Symphony Orchestra andassistant conductor of the University Sym-OCTOBER, 1951 .^fcv. ^aar7^eer&jea^>^Wq?mm ..'.'HW^MI If'CASUAL TWEED SPORT JACKETSmade on our own distinctive patternsin a choice of good-looking designsOur celebrated tweed sport jackets are casual in appearance only... in quality and workmanship theymeasure up to our exacting standards. They are cuton our own 3 button model... with patch pockets andcenter back vent... in plaids, diagorials, hounds-tooth checks and herringbone designs. $75 to $90Tatlersall or Tartan Odd Vests, $25Our Own Make Grey Flannel Trousers, $26ESTABLISHED 1818|fen* furnishings, ff ate %$ hoes346 MADISON AVENUE, COR. 44TH ST., NEW YORK 17, N. Y.74 E. MADISON ST. NEAR MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO 2, ILL.BOSTON • LOS ANGELES • SAN FRANCISCOR ESULT S . . .depend on getting the details RIGH1PRINTINGImprinting-Processed Letters - TypewritingAddressing- Folding - MailingA Complete Service for Direct AdvertisersChicago Addressing Company722 So. Dearborn St., Chicago 5, 111.WAbash 2-4561Telephone KEnwood 6-1352J. E. KIDWELL FhrlsT826 East Forty-seventh StreetChicago 15, IllinoisJAMES E. KIDWELLMliMMiBIG INCOMESYes men with much-bigger-than-Ive'rage incomes read Wisconsmthat comprise the Mid WestAlumni Group. .tSenoV,Just think of how easy -t snowfor Advertisers to reach th.spowerfol audience of loyal readers3 BIG Incomes, BIG Influence,BIG Needs!TREMONTAUTO SALES CORP.Direct Factory DeaferforCHRYSLER and PLYMOUTHNEW CARS6040 Cottage GroveMUseum 4-4500A/soGuaranteed Used Cars andComplete Automobile Repair,Body, Paint, Simonize, Washand Greasing Departments phony Orchestra, reports that many of hisnon-musical hours are spent "sailing as amember of the ketch 'Chinook' which hasbeen a long-time contender in the variousLake Michigan races. Skipper is John Mc-Xnnis, '23."Lowell C. Wadmond, JD '24, senior partner of the law firm of White and Case,New York, has been elected president of theMetropolitan Opera Association. He is director of the Metropolitan Opera Guild, atrustee of the Bagby Music Lovers Foundation and president of the Lawyers Club.Unsung heroThe heroism of Ben Gleason, SM'22, Chicago attorney, has not gonecompletely unnoticed. "Kup's Column" in the Chicago Sun-Times, carried this account of an episode inMr. Gleason's Florida vacation:"Gleason and two other Chicagolawyers were on a fishing trip to theKeys and were lunching in the ritzySand and Surf Club when their attention was attracted by a commotionon the ocean front.A woman had just pulled a youngster out of the water. Gleason sizedup the situation, raced through thecrowd and administered artificialrespiration to the youngster for halfan hour until he started breathingon his own. As the crowd brokeinto a cheer and an ambulance arrived to rush the boy to a hospital,Gleason got up, walked back to hislunch and continued with his plansto spend the day fishing.In the excitement, no one hadasked his name."Gleason's water skills hark back tohis under-graduate days when he wasa varsity swimmer and captain ofwater-basketball, as well as lifeguardat the Clarendon Ave. beach. science in education degree from WayneUniversity, Detroit, Michigan.Wlliam H. Heineke, of Ho-Ho-Kus, NewJersey, is resident vice-president of theLumbermen's Mutual Casualty Company,in charge of their New York office.Burt Hodges, AM, of Granville, Ohio,has been elected president for 1951-52 ofthe Ohio Association of College and University Business Officers.Theodore R. Ray was married to JaneG. Hereford on June 23, 1951. Miss Hereford is in charge of the dietary departmentof Emory University Hospital, and Ted isa member of the board of directors, a vice-president, and assistant general sales manager of the World Book Club, Atlanta,Georgia.Howard K. Smith, PhB, is a top executive in the marketing section of the Electronics division of General Electric, nearSyracuse.1926J. Russell Christianson, JD '29, has beennamed to the board of managers of theChicago Bar Association.John M. Dorsey, MD '31 (Rush), assodate professor of surgery at NorthwesternUniversity, has been chosen to succeed Dr.Frederick Christopher as chairman of thesurgery department at Evanston Hospital.Virgil E. Foster, AM, received a Doctorof Divinity degree from Chicago Theological Seminary in June, 1950, and becameeditor of the International Journal of Religious Education, Chicago, in November,1950.Caroline H. Garbe (Mrs. Samuel M.Mitchell), of Chicago, spends the summersin Aspen, Colorado, where she is a memberof the women's board of the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies.Ruth A. Sherer and her husband, Kenneth G. Anderson, have a 200 acre place inBrown County, Indiana. Kenneth has alaw office in Nashville, Indiana. Their son,Kenneth S., is a sophomore at HarvardUniversity.1923Fred Baldus, DB '24, is minister of theFirst Baptist Church in Lafayette, Indiana.Mrs. Daisy H. Kilgore, of Berkeley, California, is teaching homemaking in theWillits (California) High School.Rev. Charles B. Tupper, AM, was recently appointed associate professor in theBible College of Drake University, DesMoines, Iowa.1924Robert B. Campbell, of Vineland, NewJersey, is a geologist for Balfour & Davidson, Saskatchewan, Canada.John H. Hughes is a public accountantin Oakland, California.Jennie Lee Joy has retired from publicschool teaching in Omaha, Nebraska, and isliving in San Gabriel, California.Crichton MacGaffrey is a pathologist atSt. Clare's Hospital, Schenectady, New York.Zaven M. Seron, MD '31, is a physician inSebring, Florida.Theodore Vimmerstedt sends in his family's baedeker: "Married; three children;girl graduate of Albany State Teachers College, our boy is a sophomore at SyracuseSchool of Forestry; and another girl ajunior in high school. For me, 18 yearswith the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company."1925James B. Edmonson, PhD, dean of theschool of education at the University ofMichigan, received an honorary doctor of Laurels for LillianFriends of Lillian Herstein, AM,gathered at a testimonial dinner atthe Bismarck hotel last spring topay tribute to her lifetime of devotion to freedom and her fellowmen,to her outstanding career as a teacherin the Chicago public school system,and to her dynamic and courageousparticipation in the labor movement.A teacher in Chicago since 1912,Miss Herstein retired last spring fromWilson Junior College where shetaught English. For nearly 25 yearsshe was a member of the executiveboard of the Chicago Federation ofLabor.Several University alumni were keyfigures at the dinner. Leon M.Despres, '27, JD '29, was the chairman of the sponsoring committee of50 prominent Chicagoans. A tributeon behalf of former students wasgiven by Earle Ludgin, '20, and onbehalf of Chicago teachers by MissHelen Hubbard, AM '24.Speaker at the occasion was Senator Paul H. Douglas, formerly professor of economics at the University.Anastasia Theiss Springer reports thatshe is "on maternity leave" from her position as high school mathematics teacher,raising her family— Michael, 5, aand Barbara Anne, 11 months.30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1927Frederick Bamforth, PhD, has completedhis first year as head o£ the mathematics,department at Otterbein College, Wester-ville, Ohio. Before going to Otterbein heserved tor 20 years on the faculty of OhioState University.Walter Fischer sends news from theCanal Zone that he is in his 11th year asa teacher of chemistry in the junior collegethere. In the summer he was employedas a chemist at the Miraflores testing laboratory.Raymond E. Hengren has been appointeddeputy chief of the division of research andstatistics of the Federal Deposit InsuranceCorp., Washington, D. C.Violet Pritzher Giant reports that sheand her husband returned last spring froma seven-month business and pleasure triparound the world.1928Charles S. Barrett, PhD, of the Institutefor the Study of Metals at Chicago, left forEngland last June, where he will be withthe University of Birmingham, departmentof metallurgy, for a period of from sixmonths to a year.Clarence R. Decker, PhD, president ofthe University of Kansas City, was presented an honorary degree of Doctor ofLaws from Carleton College, Kansas City,on June 11, 1951.Otto A. F. Geiseman, AM, and his wife,of River Forest, Illinois, were present forhigh services in churches in Jerusalem forthe Feast of Pentecost.Walter V. Schaefer, JD '28, was electedto a nine-year term on the Illinois SupremeCourt last June.He was chairman of the Schaefer "littleHoover" commission which recommendedreforms for Illinois state government. Inaddition to his many positions as a publicservant, he has been a practicing attorneywith a Chicago law firm, as well as a professor of law at Northwestern Universityfor 11 years.Mary Holoubek Zimmerman sends thisround-up of family news: "We lost our12-year-old son, Noel, last April. I havebeen elected to a second term on the schoolboard of Whitewater. Published a volumeof poetry last fall entitled 'A Gallery ofWomen's Portraits.' The Madison theatreguild produced a children's play of mine called 'The Chocolate Milk Cow.* Mydaughter, Mimi, has reached Browniescout age so I'm now a Girl Scout leader;also, superintendent of the CongregationalSunday school and Wisconsin poet laureate."Inside JapanWhile helping in the prosecutionof war criminals in Japan after thelast war, Alexander Pendleton, JD,acquired a fluency in Japanese anda liking for the Tokyo climate whichinfluenced him to make his homeand future in Japan.As head of an American-Japanesefirm in Tokyo, Mr. Pendleton was ina ring-side seat to gain informationand knowledge about developmentsin that troubled area.His concern over events in Korea,and Japanese reactions to our military policy prompted a flying triphome in the spring of '50, and culminated in a trip to the White Housewhere Pendleton's findings wereadded to the growing pile of evidencewhich led to MacArthur's dismissal.His mission completed, Pendletonflew back to Tokyo and his lawpractice.Hsioh-ren Wei, PhD, has two daughterswho have won scholarships for the schoolyear beginning in September. Barbara, 17,has a scholarship to Vassar; and Beatrice,18, has one to the University of Rochester.There are two other children in the Weifamily: Robert, 19, is at Princeton; andBetty, 20, is at Bryn Mawr. Dr. Wei, ofJamaica, New York, is a member of theUnited Nations Atomic Energy Commission.1929F. Roger Dunn, AM, PhD '40, head ofthe department of social sciences at theState University Teachers College in Potsdam (New York), is co-editor of the book"A Documentary History of the AmericanPeople," which was published in June byGinn & Company, Boston. The book wasedited with Avery Craven and WalterJohnson, both professors of history atChicago.Sam S. Hughes, JD, of Hughes and Campbell, Lansing, Michigan, is a member ofthe Board of Trustees of Berea College.Robert C. Thompson, AM, is director ofvocational rehabilitation for the state ofMaryland, with offices in Baltimore.Richard B. Williams, PhB, is director ofresearch at Kidder, Peabody and Co., NewYork City.1930Merritt Barton, LLB, is an attorney forthe National Park Service in Santa Fe, NewMexico.Brandon H. Grove, PhD '34, is with theSocony-Vacuum Company, Inc., in Cairo,Egypt. He is general manager of thatcompany's operations in Egypt and the RedSea.Betty M. Hill, AM '32, is editorial assistant to the director of publications atIndiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.Her husband, Roger G. Wilkinson, '38,PHD '46, is assistant professor of Physicsat Indiana.John P. Kelly has settled in Phoenix,Arizona, having decided it "was the idealplace to live." POND LETTER SERVICEEverything in Letter*Hum Typ«wrltlM MlnetirtpklMMultlQnphlni AddrwtlPfAddreiioinph Biralti MillliiHighlit Quality Strain Mlilnim rrlmAll Phones: 219 W. 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Clinton HArrison 7-3440BUYING POWERYou wouldn't be surprised to learn thatthe Michigan Alumni have much largerthan-average incomesl Nor that thereaders of seven Mid-West Alumn.Magazines, for this same reason, constitute a tremendously potent market foryour products or serviceslBut you may be surprised to learn thatyou can buy advertising in these sevenpotent magazines at a low Group rate!Good JobsOpen NowGirl Scout work offers qualified women life-time careers— accent on leadership, creative imagination, initiative.Executives assist adult volunteers, develop cooperationwith community groups.Travel and career advancement opportunities. BA,group leadership and campcounseling experience required. Openings in all sections U.S.A. Scout trainingunnecessary. Write:Personnel DepartmentGirl Scouts of the U.S.A.155 East 44th StreetNew York 17, New York Elizabeth P. Lam, AM, PhD '39, of Alexandria, Virginia, is with the Committeeon the International Exchange of Persons,Conference Board of Associated ResearchCouncils, Washington, D. C.Edward Yuteh Lin, PhB, is the executivesecretary of the Chung Wah Kung Saw, theConsolidated Benevolent Association ofNew York's Chinatown.Oscar W. Neher, SM, is head of thebiology department at Manchester College,North Manchester, Indiana.Meyer S. Ryder, of Washington, 1). C, isassociate chief counsel for the Wage Stabilization Board.Margaret H. Waters, a teacher of specialeducation for the Oak Park schools, writesthat she works with emotionally disturbedchildren, and is also doing "a great deal oflecturing."1931Martha D. Alexander, SM, of Bethesda,Maryland, is the first woman to become anoperations analyst in the Air Force. Herhusband, Ernest Olson, is head of a monetary mission for the Federal Reserve Boardin Asuncion, Paraguey.From Rose Giblichman Angco in Sepul-veda, California, comes "greetings to theclass of 1931. The ranch keeps me busy,especially the rabbits."Lyle D. Gumm, of Chicago, is assistantcommissioner of the Illinois CommerceCommission. As a member of the volunteer staff of the Illinois Treasury Department of Savings Bonds Division, he is thewriter-producer of the TV Treasury BondShow. Lyle owns and operates hotel properties, writes radio script and magazinefiction, and is regional chairman and amember of the National Planning Committee, American Veterans Committee.Frank M. Petkevich, MD '37, reportsthat he is "enjoying the practice of radiology in this progressive city of Great Falls,Montana."Bess Sondel, PhD '38, has produced aseries of filmstrips entitled HOW TOLISTEN, put out by the Society for VisualEducation, and illustrated by Sophie "Cissie" Liebschutz, '46.Harold G. Van Schaick is a captain inthe Army, stationed at Fort George G.Meade, Maryland.1932Fishermen please note!Miguel Drobinsky, MD '36, writes that"we have a hospital and a clinic with fourmen in the group. Classmates are invitedto vacation with us. (Estellene, South Dakota) Good fishing." His wife is LillianStarr, AB '45.Christine M. Heinig, on a three-monthleave of absence this summer as childhoodeducation associate of the American Association of University Women, served inGermany as U. S. specialist in kindergateneducation. She conducted workshops onkindergartens in the Berlin area and spenta month in the office of the U. S. HighCommissioner for Germany developing educational materials in this field.Wendell R. Godwin, AM, assumed hisnew administrative post in August as headof the Topeka, Kansas, school system.Charlotte F. Morehouse, AM '34, and herhusband, Howard E. Duesing, announce thebirth of a son, John Howard, on February7, 1951, to join Billy, 9; and Alice Ann, 7years old.Joseph T. Salek is director of the Community Theater in San Antonio, Texas.Yvonne Blue Skinner, whose husband isa professor of psychology at Harvard,writes: "We have two children: Julie, 13,and Deborah, 6. . . . we've just moved intoa new house we built here in Cambridge. William B. Storm, AM, retired in Augustas head of the mathematics department ofNorthern Illinois State Teachers College,DeKalb, Illinois. His two sons are university teachers: William, AM '48, is finishing his second year of teaching publicadministration at the University of Southern California; and Robert is finishing histhird year of teaching in the biological sciences at Oregon State in Corvallis.JAMESGeorge F. James, JD '32, has been electeda director of Standard-Vacuum Oil Company, New York City. He had served astreasurer for that company since 1949.Prior to joining the company as an attorney in 1944, he was an associate professor of law and assistant dean at the University, as well as a practicing attorney inChicago.1933Archie Chun-Ming, MD, a physician andsurgeon in Honolulu, is this year at theMedical College of Virginia hospital inRichmond, Va.John T. Crowley, vice-president of theNew York outlets of the Lehigh Coal andNavigation Company, was married to MaryElizabeth Balliet on June 21, 1951. MissBalliet was graduated from St. Mary's College, South Bend, Indiana.Lt. Col. James L. Goodnow was graduated in June from the Command andGeneral Staff College, Sumner Place, FortLeavenworth, Kansas. He is now assignedto Headquarters Fourth Army, Fort SamHouston, Texas.Anna McCracken, ex, has begun herthirtieth year as a faculty member of theUniversity of Kansas in Lawrence, whereshe has been teaching philosophy and economics.Ingred J. Ostrom and her husband,Emil E. Palmquist, and son are on a twoyear sojourn in Tehran, Iran. The Ostromslive in Seattle, Washington.Archie Smith, JD, is a practicing attorney in Providence and assistant attorneygeneral of the "State of Rhode Island andProvidence Plantations," as it is still legallyknown.Margaret E. Warren, AM, (Mrs. EdwinJordan) is director of research and statisticsfor the Alabama Department of PublicWelfare in Montgomery.1934John R. Beery, AM, dean of the schoolof education and director of instruction atTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe University of Miami, Florida, receivedan honorary degree of Doctor of Lawsfrom Juniata College, Huntingdon, Penn.Rev. Roger Hazelton, AM, Abbott professor of Christian theology at the Andover-Newton Theological School, was awardedthe honorary Doctor of Divinity degree lastJune from Amherst (Mass.) College.Frank C. Springer, Jr., was married toIrving M. Diven, of Chicago, on February17, 1951. They live in Indianapolis, Ind.Harry G. Thode, PhD, one of Canada'soutstanding nuclear chemists and principalof Hamilton College of McMaster University, was recently elected president ofthe Chemical Institute of Canada.1935John P. Barden, JD '38, dean of Cleveland College's school of general studies, hasbeen appointed to a six-college committeeto study problems of liberal education foradults. The committee is made possible bya Ford Foundation grant to the Associationof University Evening Colleges. He willrepresent Western Reserve University onthe Committee on Liberal Education.Connie Fish is associate executive secretary of the division of family and childwelfare of the Welfare Council of Metropolitan Chicago.James A. Glider, MD, is completing specialty training in psychiatry at the U. S.Public Health Service Hospital in Lexington, Kentucky. The Griders have twoadopted children: Julia Marie, 3; and JayMathew, one year old.May E. Holmes, of Dundee, Illinois,writes: I was for 14 years supervisor ofelementary education in Davenport, Iowa;for two years a counselor in the Elginpublic schools. I am now writing a newspaper feature, guidance column.Leonard C. LaCoss is an electrical engineer at the Western Electric ShadelandPlant, Indianapolis, Indiana.Ellmore C. Patterson, assistant vice-president of J. P. Morgan & Company, Inc., wasone of seven new trustees elected in May tothe Board of the Carnegie Foundation forInternational Peace.Paul Schubert, PhD, is a Buckinghamprofessor of New Testament criticism andinterpretation at Yale.T. Louise Viehoff, AM, (Mrs. Joseph J.Molkup) is president-elect of the AmericanRed Cross Overseas League in Chicago.1936J. Francis WesthoffCOLWELL, SWEARINGENOCTOBER, 1951 Tilford T. Swearingen, ex Divinity school,receives congratulations on his appointmentas president of William Woods college, Fulton, Mo., from his former teacher, ErnestC. Colwell, ex-president of the University ofChicago, who delivered the June commencement address at Woods College.Helen L. Busch, AM, (Mrs. Theodore S.Chapman), second vice-president of theGeneral Federation of Women's Clubs, wasthe guest speaker at the meeting cf theWednesday Club on March 21, 1951, inSt. Louis, Missouri, to observe FederationDay. Her subject was "The Challenge ofthe Federation."Caroline Hiatt Dixon tells us that she is"married to a Northwestern man, but ourone-year old son, Philip Hiatt Dixon, willbe a Chicago man, I'm sure."Herman S. Kogan, staff reporter-writerof the Chicago SUN-TIMES, is workingwith Lloyd Wendt on their third book,"Give the Lady What She Wants!" an informal history of Marshall Field and Company, to be published in 1952 by Rand-McNally and Company.William J. Shorrock, AM '46, of ChevyChase, Maryland, is associated with theCivic Education Service in Washington,D. C, as editor of "The Civic Leader."Much of the smooth relationship betweenlabor and management in the BonnevillePower Administration is credited to thepractical experience and understanding ofRudolf Stormer, who serves as Bonneville'slabor relations adviser.Barbara Vail was married to John McNeil, '30, on June 2, 1951. They live inChicago. •David W. Van Gelder, MD '38, an instructor in the department of pediatrics atTulane University, has his private practicein pediatrics in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.Matt S. Walton, Jr., is assistant professorof geology at Yale.1937Edwin T. Arnold, MD, writes fromHogansville, Georgia, that their family consists of Ellen, 10, and three sons, EdwinIII, 4, Richard, 2, and Frank, born May16, 1951.Joseph J. Ceithaml, PhD '41, has beenappointed Dean of students in the divisionof the biological sciences at Chicago. Hisson, Eric Lee, was born October 1, 1950.Thomas L. Karsten, JD '39, is deputyassistant director of the Office of PriceStabilization, Washington, D. C.Julian A. Kiser, of the investment firm ofKiser, Cohn & Shumaker, Inc., Indianapolis,has been appointed a member of theeleven-man board of the Metropolitan AreaStudy Commission, charged with preparinga comprehensive survey of the entire Indianapolis city and county governmentalset-up for submission to the legislature.Alden R. Loosli, assistant manager of theintermediate and rubber chemicals department of the American Cyanamid Company,Bound Brook, New Jersey, attended the19th session of the Advanced ManagementProgram at Harvard Business School, whichwas concluded on May 25th, 1951.Leopold Myslicki is assistant manager ofthe Arizona State Employment Service inTucson. He was married to Helen C.Jackins on September 6, 1950.George W. Schustek, Jr., reports that hehas completed the executive program of theUniversity's downtown college, and that heis still with the research department ofStandard Oil of Indiana.Daniel C. Smith, JD '40, is now with thelaw department of the Weyerhaeuser Timber Co., in Tacoma, Washington. WifeLouise Hoyt Smith, AB '37, keeps busykeeping up with their four youngsters. BIRCK-FELLINGER CORP.ExclusiveCleaners & Dyers200 E. Marquette RoadPhone: WEntworth 6-5380MEN OF OHIOBIG INVESTORSAnd so are the readers of theother six Alumni Magazines ofthe Mid-West Group.To reach the 98,000 Men ofInfluence, you will do well to advertise in the Mid-West AlumniMagazines. One order, one biHand one vast market-easily andeconomically reached.mmmsmonesSBBOYDSTON BROS., INC.UNDERTAKERSSince 18924227-29-31 Cottage Grove Ave.OAlUnd 4-0492SARGENT'S DRUG STOREAn Ethical Drug Store for 99 YearsChicago's most completeprescription stock23 N. Wabash Avenue670 N. 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Inc.Fresh Fruits and VegetablesDistributors ofCEDERGREEN FROZEN FRESH FRUITS ANDVEGETABLES46-48 South Water Market0>nciiMNCt in tirersiCAt riooversigleivwilELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO.OiniliaiM s, MinslKtureis aid lilsnt stELECTRICAL MATERIALSAND FIXTURE SUPPLIES5801 Halsted St. - ENglewood 4-7500TELEVISIONDrop in and see a programRADIOSFrom consoles to portablesRadio-TV ServiceAt home or shopELECTRICAL APPLIANCESRefrigerators - RangesWashers BlanketsSPORTING GOODSFor all seasonsRECORDSPopular-SymphoniesFine collection for childrenHERMANS935 E. 55th StreetAt Ingleside AvenueTelephone Midway 3-6700Robert Gaertner, '34 Julian Tishler, '33 Kenneth M. Smith, MD, and his wife,Dorothy H. Norton, '35, recently movednear Long Beach, California, where Kenneth is a member of the staff of the Veterans Hospital. They have three children:Duncan, 10; Douglas, 5, and Donald, two.Agatha L. Tosney, of Dixon, Illinois, iswith the Public Service Company of Northern Illinois. She spent her 1950 vacation inEurope.1938LeRoy T. Carlson owns and operates theSuttle Equipment Company, Lawrenceville,Illinois. The company manufactures andjobs telephone supplies and equipment toindependent telephone companies. LeRoymaintains a printing division and a research laboratory for new product development in Chicago. He and his wife, Margaret Deffenbaugh, AM '43, and son livein Chicago.Elizabeth S. Cassels (Mrs. E. A. Schmidt)writes that Linda Allen was born March19, 1951. Linda's sister, Manette, is nowtwo years old. The Schmidts live in SantaBarbara, California.Juan Homs, Jr., is regional director, inBuenos Aires, for Pan American Airlines.Agnes M. Hyde, AM, chairman of theEnglish department at Dakota Wesleyan,was married to Dr. E. T. Gough on March25, 1951. Dr. Gough is administrator ofthe Methodist State Hospital in Mitcheli,South Dakota.Dr. Alfred B.' Mason is a lieutenant inthe U. S. Navy. Before entering the servicehe was with the Navy Department, bureauof medicine and surgery, in Washington,D. C.Without benefit of F.B.I, clearance, littleGeorge L. Monk took up residence withthe Los Alamos Monk family on March 31,1951. Dad is George D. Monk, SM '41.Richard A. Parker, PhD, professor ofEgyptology at Brown University, has returned to the Near East on a field trip.Simon Rodbard, PhD '41, received anM.D. degree from the University of Illinoislast June and now is interning at MichaelReese Hospital, Chicago.Ruth A. Wisner, who this year is completing her 26th year as a teacher at Edison School, Hammond, Indiana, was givena party in honor of her service by thePrimary Mothers' Study group, which iscomprised of mothers of Edison schoolstudents.1939Charles W. Burt is a physician in Duarte,California.Daniel J. Davitt, MBA, was graduatedfrom Georgetown University Law School inJune. His son, Alan, 18, was graduatedfrom Washington Lee high school in June.Son Daniel is in the Air Force, and thereare also two daughters, Patricia, 12, andBess, 6.Marion Elisberg (Mrs. Eugene Simon)says that "my husband has just purchasedPowell's Camera Mart (in Chicago) andwe are all very enthused. We have twodaughters, Kathy, 7, and Toni, 5."Max E. Freeman is sales supervisor forProctor and Gamble Company, Cincinnati,Ohio.William C. Lewis, MD '41, is a psychiatrist in Madison, Wisconsin.Dr. Earle L. Reynolds, AM '43, chairman of the department of physical growthfor the Fels Research Institute for theStudy of Human Development, YellowSprings, Ohio, left in June for a six monthsstudy of growth of children in Hiroshima,Japan. The research is sponsored by theAtomic Energy Commission under the National Research Council. David H. Shideier is a meteorologist atShannon Airport, Limerick, Ireland. Heand his wife, Mary Elizabeth Bebb, '40,have enjoyed trips to parts of England,France and Italy.Lois J. Utterbach, AM, was married toKurt E. Wallach on January 19, 1951. Loisis now in Germany but at the time shewrote us, she was unable to give a definitelocation. She was formerly a social workerin Chicago.1940Dorothy H. Chausse, AM, is the proprietor of a book store in San Francisco,California.James Engle is with the American Consulate office in Naples, Italy, to handle thepolitical reporting for south Italy. HisEnglish-born wife, Priscilla, sailed on theQueen Mary last spring to this country tobecome a naturalized American citizen.Robert C. Jones was a member of thestaff of the President's commission on migratory labor whose report "Migratory Labor in American Agriculture," was issuedin April, 1951. Robert spent three monthsin Equador this summer as a consultant oncommunity development for the UnitedNations. He is co-author of the article"Development of Inter-American Cooperation in the Social Sciences" appearing inthe winter 1950 issue of an UNESCO International Social Science Bulletin.SC Photo' Frances Lander, AM '40, PhD '44, (Mrs.' D. G. Spain) has been awarded a Fulbright' grant for a year's work in Thailand. Dr.1 Spain will be a visiting lecturer in libraryscience at Chulalongkorn University inBangkok and consultant to librariansthroughout Thailand for the United StatesEducational Foundation. She will be on ayear's leave of absence as assistant directorof the School of Library Science at theUniversity of Southern California.t Frederick W. Linden is the owner of: Tidy Diaper Service, Springfield, Illinois.! Emily Scherer Jackson writes from Sans Diego that "our new house has just been, completed (May, '51) and we moved in; very appropriately on Mother's Day. EdithJosephine is now two years old arid weknow she "has gotten more enjoyment out34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEof the house than we have for the simplereason she had all those new cabinets andcupboards to explore and, of course, rearrange to her satisfaction. We have a magnificent view from our home of MissionBay and the Pacific Ocean."BUI Speck, JD '42, and wife Betty Ahl-quist Speck, AM '49, were back for theJune reunion, proudly displaying picturesof daughter Paula, who is one year oldOctober 23.Alice L. Terwilliger, SM '41, is a memberof the Great Books group and of theLeague of Women Voters in Lenox, Massachusetts. Her husband, Earl Arnett, is achemical engineer for the General ElectricCompany.Vattel E. Vaniel, PhD, is dean of thegraduate division and head of the socialstudies department of Alabama State College, Montgomery, Alabama.Edward J. Winans' son, John David, wasborn March 21, 1951. Ed received hisM.B.A. from Northwestern University inJune. He is a buyer of women's sportswear at Marshall Field and Company,Chicago.1941Leila M. Gabley, AM, (Mrs. LesterRumble) has been appointed instructor innursing, part-time, in the Emory University(Georgia) school of nursing.George L. Nardi, SB, MD '44, is chiefsurgical resident at the Massachusetts resident at the Massachusetts General Hospitalin Boston.Thierry de Fontarce McCormick, of Chicago, is engaged to be married to MariBahe, of Lakeview, Illinois. Miss Bahe isa graduate of the Girls Latin School and ofSarah Lawrence College.Harry R. Srole, MBA '47, and Mrs. Sroleannounce the birth of a son, Warren Russell, on May 6, 1951. The Sroles live in LosAngeles, California.Melvin Tracht, purchasing agent for theIllinois Institute of Technology, sent us aclever announcement in the form of a purchase order, of the birth of his son, MelvinKenneth, on January 8, 1951. The Trachtslive in Ogden Dunes, Gary, Indiana.1942Joel Bernstein, AM '48, and Merle Sloan,'45, announce the arrival of Jonathan Lewison April 8, 1951. Jonathan was born inParis where his father is a special assistantplanning staff member in the office of thespecial representative of the Economic Cooperation Administration. During the summer the family flew to the States to visitwith the grandparents. This is their firstchild.Lawrence Bogorad, PhD '49, of Chicago,has been awarded a Merck Fellowship forresearch in the fields of plant physiologyand bio-chemistry. He plans to use his fellowship at the Rockefeller Institute forMedical Reseat ch.Arthur A. Bright, Jr., AM, PhD '49, hasbeen appointed director of research for theComnytte of New England, which has beenorganized by the National Planning Association to conduct a research study on theeffects of federal government policies onthe economy of New England. Dr. Brightwill take a year's leave of absence from hisposition as industrial economist for theFederal Reserve Bank of Boston. He willmake his headquarters in Boston.Diego Dominquez-Caballero, AM, is professor of philosophy at the University ofPanama. He is now in Europe on a year'sleave.OCTOBER, 1951 Small world itemJim Burtle, AM '48, was back inthe States this summer on a biennialvacation from his job with the International Labor Organization inGeneva, Switzerland.He told of a holiday he had takenlast winter on the French Riviera.Arriving in Nice, he discovered something had gone awry in his hotelreservations and he was shuntedaround to an out-of-the-way, ram-shackled inn where, after a three-flight climb up a narrow, ricketystairway he was shown a room whichboasted of a basin on the floor as a"bath" and a candle for lightingfacilities.Name of this inn? Hotel ChicagolRobert I. Jackson and his wife, CarolMiller, '45, visited Alumni House in lateJune. Robert has his Ph.D. in plant breeding from Cornell University and has a two-year appointment from E.C.A. to set up ahybrid corn breeding program in Indonesiawhere corn is second only to rice in production. He planned to leave Washington byplane in mid-July. Carol, who used to workin the Housing Bureau, will leave with thetwo young girls later, when he can findhousing facilities.Frank W. Johnson, MD, and his wife,Doris A. Johnson, 43, announce the arrivalof a son, Roy Owen, on May 10, 1951.The Johnsons live in Klamath Falls, Oregon, where he is an opthalmologist.Harris B. Jones, MBA '49, is administrator of King's Daughters' Hospital in Frankfort, Kentucky.Hymen B. Krieberg, MBA, and his wife,Shirley, announce the birth of their firstson, Richard Jeffrey, on May 14, 1951. TheKriebergs live in Chicago.Richard M. Pope is a minister andteacher at Drury College, Springfield, Missouri.Earl Shanken, of Chicago, is engaged tobe married to Flora Gorney, of Mexico City,Mexico. The wedding is scheduled forNovember.1943William H. Alexander, pastor of theFirst Christian Church of Oklahoma City,spoke on "Faith and Freedom" at the June,1951 commencement program of BowlingGreen University.Robert S. Burgess, AM, is director of theState Prison and Men's Reformatory inProvidence, R. I.Lois Betty Come was married on March18, 1951, to Hirsch Graff, '39, who is in thenon-ferrous metal business in Chicago.Raymond A. deRoover, PhD, and hiswife, Florence M. Edler, '20, AM '23, PhD'30, will be in Italy from September 1951to September, 1952, on a Fulbright researchscholarship.Richard S. Hochman, of Chicago, recently joined the staff of the News Bureauof The Merchandise Mart to do publicityand promotional work.Vaughn M. Pond, MD, is a surgeon inTwin Falls, Idaho.Jane C. Reinheimer is administrativeassistant to the race relations secretary ofthe American Friends Service Committee,Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Alan M. Rowley is vice-president of DixieComposition, Inc., Louisville, Kentucky.Seymour Slive has been appointed chairman of the Art Department at Pomona LATOURAINECoffee and TeaLa Touraine Coffee Co.209 Milwaukee Ave., ChicagoOther PlantsBoston — N.Y. — Phil. — Syracuse — Cleveland— Detroit"Vou Might As Well Have The Bet"Phones OAkland 4-0690—4-0691—4-0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueGolden Dirilyte(.formtrly Dirigoli)The Lifetime TablewareSOLID — NOT PLATEDComplete sets and open stockFINE BONE CHINAAynsley, Royal Crown Derby, Spode andOther Famous Males of Fine China, AlsoCrystal. Table Linen and Gifts.COMPLETE TABLE APPOINTMENTSDiriyu. Inc.70 E. Jackson Blvd. Chicago 4, HI.35BOYDSTON BROS., INC.operatingAuthorized Ambulance ServiceFor Billings HospitalOfficial Ambulance Service forThe University of ChicagoOAkland 4-0492Trained and licensed attendantsT. A. REHNOUIST CO.vo/EST. 1929CONCRETEFLOORS — SIDEWALKSMACHINE FOUNDATIONSINDUSTRIAL FLOORINGEMERGENCY REPAIR WORKCONCRETE BREAKINGWATERPROOFINGINSIDE WALLS6639 S. Vernon AvenueNOrmal 7-0433BLACKSTONEHALLAnExclusive Women's HotelIn th* *,University of Chicago DistrictOffering Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALLS748Blackstone Ave. TelephonePLaia 2-3313Varna P. Werner, Director College, Claremont, California, where he iscompleting his Ph.D. in History of Art.Elizabeth J. Wells, AM '48, is teachingsocial studies in the Gary (Indiana) PublicSchool System. She studied at the University during the summer quarter.1944Betty Corwin, AM '48, an instructor inpsychology at Bowling Green State University, received the degree of Doctor ofPhilosophy from Ohio State University inJune. During the summer she lectured inpsychology at the Oregon College of Education, Monmouth, Oregon.Robert T. Crauder is engaged to be married to Renee E. C. Calm, of Trenton, NewJersey. Miss Calm is a librarian in theTrenton Public Library and Robert is affiliated with the Windsor Mountain School,Lenox, Massachusetts.Anna Harmens, of Kalamazoo, Michigan,is director of nurses and nursing service atCommunity Hospital, Battle Creek.Elizabeth Headland (Mrs. William Oostenbrug) writes that "we've just moved to ourfirst house, in Hinsdale, and love it. Paul,14 months, does, too."Frederick L. Hilgert, MD '45, is in hisfourth year of . surgical residency in thesurgery department' of the University ofTennessee, in Memphis.Beryl Liska Drobeck, SB, is a bacteriologist in Syracuse, New York.Frank T. Lossy, SB '45, MD '47, isstudying on a psychiatry fellowship at Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.Zdenka Pojeta (Mrs. R. E. Tillotson) isa research chemist with Armour and Company, Chicago.Dr. Samuel A. Schuyler, MBA, is chiefmedical officer of the Hartford regionaloffice of the Veterans Administration.Alice K. Sheehan was married to John H.A. Cross on April 7, 1951. Mr. Cross iswith Compton Advertising, Inc., New YorkCity. Alice is a member of GovernorDewey's secretarial staff.Allan J. Strauss, SB '46, instructor andexaminer in the natural sciences in theCollege, was married to Marjorie Abrams,'48, AM '51. No date was given. Mr.Strauss is working on his doctorate in thedepartment of chemistry at Chicago andMrs. Strauss is working with the UnitedCharities.John F. White, AM, is vice-president ofWestern Reserve University, Cleveland,Ohio.1945Harry D. Arnold, Jr., MD '47, was married to Margaret Ann Mullins on June 23,1951. Miss Mullins is attending WesleyanCollege. Dr. Arnold completed his residency at Grady Memorial Hospital lastJune and went on active duty as a captainwith the U. S. Air Force.Winslow G. Fox, MD '48, and his wife,Elizabeth F. Fox, '48, live in Humacao,Puerto Rico, where Winslow is a missionarydoctor at the Ryder Memorial Hospital.Winslow writes that "paridoxically, people must often be urged to consult a doctor" in over-populated Humacao.Henry De Leeuw, MD '47, is chief resident of the department of pathology atOhio State University Hospital, Columbus,Ohio.Lois Goldstein (Mrs. Julian Good) sendsnews of the arrival in their home on April14 of an adopted daughter, Debora Anne,born last February 20.Hisako T. Sasao, of Sunnyvale, California,is doing graduate work in the departmentof Oriental Languages at the University ofCalifornia. This past summer he worked Letter from ManilaEnclosed you will find an announcement of our second baby,Carlyn Fern Manning. She was bornAugust 8, 1950, on our trip aroundthe world last year. We stoppedwith my parents in Chicago longenough to have the baby at Lying-inhospital on campus.Every two and a half years we geta six months vacation so this last onewe came home through Hong Kong,New Delhi, Agra, Damascus, Beirut,Cairo, Rome, Paris, London and onto the States. We traveled all theway by air, mostly PAA and evenwee Johnny (13 months then) lovedit. In November, we returned homevia Honolulu, Wake and Guam withour new addition to the family.We have built a home here and.love it despite Hukbalahap threatsand the tense Korean situation.Things seem no more unsettled thanin the States and we hope conditionswill permit us to continue to livehere. My husband, Jack, is vice-president and treasurer of ManilaTrading and Supply Company, theFord, Lincoln, Mercury dealers herein Manila.As you can see by the picture, thetropics seem to agree with us all.I certainly enjoy my Universityof Chicago magazines which comeregularly and love to see what's happening to different friends in theclasses of '42 to '45. We have a fewalumni here— the one I know best isK. C. Wu ('29, AM '31) who has atremendous supermarket in the Er-mita (central residential district)area. It looks like a giant A&P athome— even to the red wooden babyseats on the pushcarts for small fry.It is by far the best store in town.I was much impressed by the newAdministration Building and thenew hospitals when we were homelast year— they looked wonderful.However, am glad Cobb was stillbeing used when I went to school asit has a great deal of sentimentalvalue, my Aunt having studied in thesame building many years ago,around 1900.Carlyn Truax Manning, '44Manuila, P. I.in the Far Eastern Collections of the HooverLibrary at Stanford University.Gloria Schiller Beatty writes that husband, Walcott Beatty AM '47, was calledback to active duty from the inactive reserves the first of the year for 21 months.Their daughter, Susan Elise, is one year old.Myron L. Tripp, JD, superintendent ofschools" at Neihart, Montana, was elected36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEon the "Democratic ticket last fall to theMontana House of Representatives fromCascade County.1946Richard L. Bechtolt, AM '50, and NancyCarpenter, AB '48, were married last springin Graham Taylor chapel.B. Everard Blanchard, AM '46, sendsnews from Newfoundland of the birth of ason, David Everard Blanchard, born March8, 1951.Ruth C. Dana, AM, was married onJune 2, 1951, to Edward H. Cavin, ofWashington, D. C. Mr. Cavin, a graduate ofHarvard, is- administrative assistant of disaster services with the American Red Cross.They will make their home in Washington,D. C.Patricia Kindahl, MBA '49, was marriedon May 19, 1951, to Robert Boyar, a graduate of Northwestern University. They areliving in Chicago.Sydney H. Rosen, AM '49, is a reporterfor "Capital News Service" in Sacramento,California.Henry H. Reinhardt is an insurancebroker in Chicago.Elizabeth F. Sehmann, supervisor of thesurgical chemistry laboratory in BillingsHospital at Chicago, was married to LeePravatiner on December 24, 1950. Mr. Pra-vatiner is assistant director of public relations for the Jewish Federation.Virginia P. Kelley, AM '51, was marriedto Edgar W. Mills, Jr., '47, on March 17,1951. Both are students at Chicago.James D. Watson, SM '47, of Chicago,has won a renewal of his Merck Fellowship,first awarded last year, for research at theUniversity of Copenhagen in Denmark.Essay winnerNews comes from the midwest office of the American Friends of theHebrew University in Jerusalem thatPhilip Rieff, AM '47, is the winnerof a nation-wide essay contest sponsored by that organization.This Jacob Levy Foundation fellowship award grants Rieff an all-expenses-paid year of graduate studytoward his doctorate at the HebrewUniversity of Jerusalem. His prize-winning essay was on the subject,"The Hebrew University: a Challenge of our Times."Since 1947, Rieff has been an instructor in social sciences in theCollege at the University. He andhis wife spent this summer vacationing in Europe.1947Florence Allen was married to Roger N.Jensen on June 2, 1951. Mr. Jensen is inthe drafting department of Lockheed Air-waft, Burbank, California.James D. Boyack, DB, is professor ofphilosophy and religion at Philander SmithCollege, Little Rock, Arkansas. His wife,Alice R. Selby, AM '44, is working on herthesis for a doctorate at Chicago.DeWill Joseph Brady, DB, is with theCentral Union Church of Honolulu and isvery happy in this new position. And nowCharles W. Gilkey, former dean of theChapel at Chicago, has accepted an invitation to serve as interim pastor from October on. Mr. and Mrs. Gilkey will arriveOctober 4th. DeWitt is planning a bigall-alumni reception for them. There are°ver sixty alumni in Honolulu. John W. Breed, of South Charleston,West Virginia, is a member of the researchdepartment of Monsanto Chemical Company's organic chemicals division plant atNitro, West Virginia.David S. Broder, AM '51, and Ann C.Collar, AB '48, AM '51, were married onJune 8, 1951.Nathan J. Divinsky, SM, PhD '50, is amember of the faculty of the University ofManitoba, Canada.Marie J. Eckert, MBA '49, who served assecretary to the Medical Division of theAlumni Association while she was a student, is now stationed in Ankara, Turkey,as a member of the staff of the information and education program, Department ofState.Richard L. Forstall is with the researchdepartment of Rand McNally and Company, while working on his AM thesis ingeography at Chicago.GREENBarbara R. Green completed a trainingcourse in June to become a flight stewardess for Pan American World Airways.As a trainee, her courses included lectures and laboratory work in meteorology,aerodynamics, dietetics, cooking, customsand geography of the countries which PanAmerican services, as well as passport andcustoms regulations. Also included is anintensive course in first aid, as well as thecare and feeding of small children, and, forgood measure, lectures in obstetrics.David Greenberg, of Columbus, Ohio,was ordained as rabbi and awarded thedegree of Master of Hebrew Letters lastJune from the New York school of theHebrew Union College-Jewish Institute ofReligion. He won the Holstein Prize inPhilosophy and honors in Education at theCollege-Institute.Arthur Horowitz has been called intomilitary service.Robert L. Leathers, SM, is a teacher atthe University of Tallahassee, Florida.Bernice C. Lebowich, of New York, wasmarried to Howard B. Bernstein in June,1951. Mr. Bernstein is working for aPhD degree at Temple University.Joseph J. Marciano, SM '48, is conductinga daily weather program on KFMB-TV inSan Diego, California.David M. Merriell, SM, is at Robert College, Istanbul, Turkey.Henry H. H. Remak, PhD, is teachingGerman and Comparative Literature at In- PARKER-HOLSMANP A N YReal Estate and Insurance1500 East 57th Stmt Hyde Park 3-2525COLONIAL RESTAURANT6324 Woodlawn Ave.Phone HYde Park 3-6324lunches: 45c up; Dinners: $1.25-^2.25PENDERCatch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sumps-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUIFAirfax 4-0150PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICESUPERFLUOUS HAIRREMOVED FOREVERMultiple 20 platinum needles can be used.Permanent removal of hair from face, eyebrows, back of neck, or any part of body;also facial veins, moles, and warts.Men and V\ omenLOTTIE A. METCALFEELECTROLYSIS EXPERT20 years' experience xAlsoGraduate NurseSuite 1705, Stevens Building17 N. State StreetTelephone FRanklin 2-4885FREE CONSULTATIONLOWER YOUR COSTSWAGE INCENTIVESEMPLOYEE TRAININGPERSONNEL PROCEDURESIMPROVED METHODSJOB EVALUATIONROBERT B SHAPIRO '33, DIRECTOROCTOBER, 1951 37CLARK-BREWERTeachers Agency68th YearNationwide ServiceFive Offices — One Fee64 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoMinneapolis — Kansas City. Mo.Spokane — N»w YorkAMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. JACKSON BOULEVARDCHICA60A Bureau of Placement which limits Itswork to the university and college field.It is affiliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.Our service is nation-wide.TELEPHONE TAyior 9-5455O'CALLAGHAN BROS.PLUMBING CONTRACTORS21 SOUTH GREEN ST.GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street KEdzie 3-3186HYLAND A. NOLANPLASTERING. BRICKandCEMENT WORKREPAIRING A SPECIALTY5341 S. Lake Park Ave.Telephone DOrchester 3-1579TuckerDecorating Service1360 East 70th StreetPhone Midway 3-5200RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING 4 DECORATING1331 TelephoneW. Jackson Blvd. MOnroe 6-3192 diana University, Bloomington, Indiana.His wife is active in the League of WomenVoters, and the Red Cross. The Remakshave two sons.Robert J. Resinger, AM, is on a year'sleave of absence from his position as vice-principal at Hobart (Indiana) High Schoolto work on his doctorate in education at theUniversity of Colorado.Marcia J. Rike was married to CliffordW. Johnston on May 27, 1951, in Milburn,New Jersey. They will make their home inAlexandria, Virginia.Irving I. Rimer, AM, is doing public relations work for the Worcester (Massachusetts) Community Chest.Alvin D. Star is linens buyer and department manager for Filene's, Boston, Massachusetts.H. Eugene Swantz, Jr., MBA '50, of OakPark, Illinois, is a purchase analyst forFord Motor Company, Chicago.Gregory L. Turner, SM, is division strati-grapher for the Pure Oil Company in Ft.Worth, Texas. His wife, Eleanor R. Ellis,'46, is busy caring for- 18-month old Ellen.Dorothy Z. Warsaw, SM '48, and herhusband, Marvin Green, '47, JD '50, announce the birth of a daughter, RobertaCarol, on April 24, 1951. The Greens livein Chicago.Donald H. Weeks, JD '49, is a lawyer forBaxter Laboratories, Inc., Morton Grove,Illinois.Zorita Wise (Mrs. A. J. Mikva) is assistant to the executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union, Chicago.Frank J. Wrobel, JD '48, and his wife,Virginia J. Plac, '44, announce the birth oftheir second son, Stanley John, on March18, 1951.1948Mary Bacall, AM, of Chestnut Hills,Mass., was married on January 6, 1951, toLeon B. Hester, who is an engineer for theRaytheon Manufacturing Company.William D. Baker, Jr., AM, of Ferndale,Michigan, announces the birth of hisdaughter, Pamela Baker, on April 6, 1951.Mrs. Mary B. Brett, of Patterson, NewJersey, writes that she has "the most interesting and rewarding job" she has ever held,that of teaching in a Passaic, New Jersey,inter-racial, non-profit nursery school.Padraic Burns, of Putney, Vermont, is attending Yale Medical School. He writesthat his sister, Persis Burns, '48, was married in December, 1950, to David H. Sud-deth, '51. They will live in Seattle, Washington.Lloyd Callow, MBA, of Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, is assistant professor of accountingat Penn State College.D. Clifford Crummey, of Palo Alto, California, writes that his son, Mark Clifford,was born February 20, 1951, to join John,11; Janet, 9; and David, 4 years old.Claudia Campbell arrived at ChicagoLying-in Hospital July 1, 1951, to becomethe third member of the Craig family:Harmon, SM '50, and Valerie, MBA '48.Harmon Craig, with his master's in geology, has been doing research work withNobel Prize winner Harold C. Urey. Valerie Craig has been a member of AlumniAssociation staff as Director of AlumniEducation.Roger V. Dickeson, MBA, who recentlyreceived his bachelor of laws degree, cumlaude, from Creighton University LawSchool, now is associated with the law firmof Beghtol and Rankin, Lincoln, Nebraska.Arnold M. Horwitch is assistant to thepresident in coordinating production anddistribution in the Albert, Inc., Chicagoplant. Torso in LondonGrant Kenner, AM '51, had hisnine-inch, wood sculpture "Torso"accepted for the summer exhibit ofthe Royal Academy in London. Hispiece was the only one of 1,000sculptures from overseas contributorsaccepted for the exhibit.Corinne J. Kyncl, of Chicago, was married August 25, 1950, in the Graham-TaylorChapel of the Chicago Theological Seminary, to Arthur W. Holle, a x graduate ofthe University of Illinois.David A. Levine is a mathematician atLangley Aeronautical Laboratory, theoretical aerodynamics division, Langley, Virginia.Stephen V. Lewis, of Troy, New York, ismanager of the Gelatin Dessert Company,Green Island, N. Y.Alan C. L. McPherron, a junior at Sea-bury- Western Theological Seminary, Evanston, Illinois, has been awarded the annual alumni prize in the Greek NewTestament.Watson Parker and his wife, Olga M.Glassman, '49, are assisting in the management of the Palmer Gulch Lodge in HillCity, South Dakota.June G. Pattullo, who received her SMin oceanography from UCLA in 1950, wasrecently appointed associate in oceanography at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California.David C. Rahm, SB '49, was married toLaura D. Winchester in August, 1951.Both are studying at the University ofMichigan; Laura for a PhD degree inbiological chemistry, and David for aPhD in physics.Louis Seliger, AM, and his wife, JayneCowen, '46, AM '48, announce the birth oftheir son, Lane Morton, on December 1,1950. The baby is named, in part, forMorton Grodzins, associate professor ofpolitical science at Chicago. Louis is apartner in the Panhandle Pipe and SupplyCompany in Amarillo, Texas.Ralph R. Sundquist, Jr., AM, receiveda Bachelor of Divinity degree from theUnion Theological Seminary, New YorkCity, last May. Mrs. Sundquist is theformer Bernita Woodruff, AM '47. Theyhave two children.Captain Alexander Ulreich, Jr., MBA '49,was recalled to active duty in the AirForce and is stationed at the MidcentralAir Procurement District in Chicago aschief of the personnel and administrativeoffice and director of flight test and acceptance.James S. Wilson and his wife, Ruth LSteel, '41, announce the birth of their son,Charles Hamilton, on March 3, 1951. TheWilsons live in Gary, Indiana.John Withall, PhD, of Wilmington,Delaware, writes that his son, Ronald, wasborn May 26, 1951.1949Clifton A. Blackburn is a geographer forArmy Map Service in Washington, D. C.Richard L. Bloch was married to NancyJo Katcher, of Tucson, Arizona, on March25, 1951. Richard is studying law at theUniversity of Arizona.J. Richard Bockelman, AM, JD '51, isan attorney in the Chicago office of theU. S. Atomic Energy Commission. He hasbeen on the faculty of Illinois Tech, teaching business law and economics, sinceSeptember, 1950.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEWalter W. Butcher, AM, has been appointed to the staff of the University ofIllinois' Chicago Undergraduate Divisionat Navy Pier as an instructor in physicalsciences. He is presently working on hisdoctorate's degree in chemistry at theUniversity of Chicago.Margaret Carroll, AM, is a member ofthe staff of Moorhead (Minnesota) StateTeachers College.Willard A. Evans, MBA, is an accountantfor the Caterpillar Tractor Company, Peoria, Illinois.Carol B. Finkelhor is a secretary in theDean of Men's office at the University ofPittsburgh. She is studying drama at thePittsburgh Playhouse.George Fouts, PhD, is professor of political science and chairman of the division of social sciences at Northland College, Ashland, Wisconsin. His wife, EmilyC. A. Westberg, '30, is head of the homeeconomics department of Washburn (Wisconsin) High School.Jeanne M. Grawoit was married to Norman L. Pinkert on May 6, 1951. Thecouple lives in Chicago.William A. Heckle, of Pasadena, Texas,is a member of the research department ofMonsanto Chemical Company's Texas division.Bernard S. Holzman, of Chicago, is engaged to be married to Ruthie Given, whowas graduated from Indiana University.The couple plan to be married this fall.Mr. Holzman is in charge of merchandising,marketing, research and sales for the Spei-del corporation in Providence, Rhode Island.Lawrence Malkin received a graduatedegree and a Phi Beta Kappa key fromColumbia University in June. Wife NanRypins Malkin, AB, '50, writes that she isdoing advertising work in New York and"loves it."Karl A. Marshall, AM, is a social caseworker in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.Calvin R. Miller, MBA, is assistant tothe treasurer of Schering PharmaceuticalCorporation of Bloomfield, New Jersey.Charles K. Sapper is a pilot with theUnited States Air Force. He was marriedlast January to Pauline Lee of Dublin,Ireland.Howard E. Schuchmann, AM, reportsfrom Corpus Christi College, Oxford, thathe has "just completed work for theAB-AM in philosophy, politics and economics, and beginning July 2 will bewriting foreign affairs news three timesweekly for papers in more than 20 statestaking me to all the major countries ofEurope."Mary Elizabeth Shuler is a Public HealthNurse in New Haven, Connecticut.M. S. H. Siddiqi, SM, PhD '51, returnedto Pakistan to take a position as biochemistwith the Government of Pakistan. His wife,Kaniz Ataullah, AM '48, PhD '50, is theprincipal of Government College forWomen, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.James W. Spain, AM, was married toEdith B. James, AM, on February 21,J?51, in Los Angeles. Edith left her position as a teacher at Westlake School forGirls, Los Angeles, to accompany her husband to Karachi, Pakistan, where he isstationed as Cultural Affairs officer, American Embassy.Herbert Spielman, PhD, writes that hisdaughter, Elena Joy, was born Decemberjj» 1950, to join Terry Lynn, 3 years old.The Spielmans have a new home in SilversPririg, Maryland. Carl Stoffels, AM, is the editor of amonthly trade publication in Chicago.Wanita D. Tesar is doing graduate workin the department of history at JohnsHopkins University, Baltimore.Lucille H. Verhulst, AM, is director ofphysical education at Syracuse (New York)University.1950Rev. Donald L. Berry is minister of theTemple Congregational Church in Marion,Indiana.Ruth J. Black is field director and coordinator of public relations for the Detroit (Michigan) Council of Camp FireGirls. She is studying for her Masters insociology at Wayne University. Her husband is George Fulkerson, '49.Dean Breeze, JD, was recalled to activeservice in the Air Force as a second lieutenant. He is legal administrative assistantat Nellis Air Force Base in Las Vegas,Nevada. He and his wife, Joan, '46, havetwo children: Charles, 2; and Alice, 1 yearold.William W. Burton, MBA, was marriedto Ann C. Wright, '51, on June 29, 1951, inTucson, Arizona.Louise I. Chamberlin, AM, of Chicago,is working for the UNESCO relations staffin the Department of State.Doris M. Cooper, AM, was married toFred G. Berghoefer, SM '48, on December27, 1950. They live in Falls Church, Virginia.John A. Grygiel, MBA, is traffic analystfor the Santa Fe Railway System, Chicago.G. Gerald Harrop, PhD, is a lecturer inBiblical Studies at McMaster University,Hamilton, Ont., Canada.Jack J. Herman, JD, of Gary, Indiana, isan attorney in Chicago. He was marriedDecember 30, 1950, to Bluma Bornstein.Herbert E. Hibnick, of Michigan City,Indiana, received his BS in Chemistry fromPurdue University and began graduatework at that University this fall.Marvin J. Hoffenberg, AM, of Washington, D. C, is an analyst on the Point Fourprogram for the Department of Commerce.Theodore L. Johnston, MD, a residentin neurology at the University Clinics,was married to Barbara Ruby on May 19,1951. Miss Ruby formerly was with thenutrition clinic in Billings Hospital.Oscar J. Krasner, AM, is organizationand methods examiner at the U. S. NavalOrdnance Plant in Indianapolis, Indiana.Robert B. Lees, AM, is working on theA.C.L.S. Turkish Language Project as aresearch associate in Chicago's Anthropology department.David Lindsey, PhD, has been promotedto associate professor of history and political science at Baldwin- Wallace College,Berea, Ohio. He is also serving as one ofthree Cleveland area members of the National Committee on Academic Freedom ofthe American Civil Liberties Union.Herbert Matthews was married to Jennifer Saunders on April 15, 1951, in Chicago.E. Paul McClain, SM, was married toJanice R. Voelzke on March 17, 1951, inMilwaukee, Wisconsin. Miss Voelzke is agraduate of the University of Wisconsinschool of nursing. The couple will live inSeattle, where Paul is a member of thefaculty at the University of Washington.Lynn Miller is a copy girl for the NewWorld Telegram & Sun.Harry K. Rubin, PhD, is senior clinicalpsychologist at the Sonoma State Home inEldridge, California.Ruth M. Rudys was married to AlfonseB. Krisciunas on June 2, 1951. Ruth is a Local and Long Distance MovingStorage Facilities for Books,Record Cabinets, Trunks, orCarloads of FurniturePeterson FireproofWarehouse Inc.1011 EAST 55th STREETBUTTERFIELD 8-6711DAVID L. SUTTON, PresidentLEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: HYde Park 3-9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERPhone: SAginaw 1-3202FRANK CURRANRoofing & InsulationLeak* RepairedFree E*timate»FRANK CURRAN ROOFING CO.7711 Luella Ave.3to Jflemorp ofMR. BEN SHEDROFFFor 28 years, associated in business withthe University, who passed away on Sep~tember 1, 1950J 2801 W. 47TH ST.. CHICAGO. IOCTOBER, 1951 39Wasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phone: BUtterfield 8-2116-7-8-9Wesson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wesson DoesBEST BOILER REPAIR & WELDING CO.24-HOUR SERVICELICENSED - BONDEDINSUREDQUALIFIED WELDERSHAy market 1-79171404-08 S. Western At*.. ChicagoSince 1878HANNIBAL, INC.UpholstersFurniture Repairing1919 N. Sheffield AvenuePhone: Lincoln 9-7180Ashjian Bros., inc.ESTABLISHED lltlOriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED «nd REPAIRED8066 South Chicago Phone REgenl 4-CPlaters- SilversmithsSince 1917GOLD, SILVER, RHODIUMSILVERWARERepaired, fteftnished, Jle/acqueredSWARTZ & COMPANY10 S. Wabash Ave. CEntral 4-6089-90 ChicagoA. T. STEWART LUMBER CO.Quality and ServiceSince 188879th Street at Greenwood Ave.All Phones Vincennes 6-9000Ajax Waste Paper Co.1001 W. North Ave.Buyers of Waste Paper500 pounds or moreScrap Metal and IronFor Prompt Service CallMr. B. Shedroff, CR 7-2668 trainee at the Harris Trust and SavingsBank, Chicago.Marvin M. Schuster entered the University of Chicago Medical School this fall.Mrs. Isadora R. Sherman, AM, is a socialworker for the Jewish Family and Community Service in Chicago.Helen F. Sommer, AM, is chairman ofthe department of nursing at the Universityof Buffalo (New York) School of Nursing.If (/ tentorialEdward B. Hutchinson, MD '91, of Pala-zonia, Arizona, died February 17, 1951.Harry W. Stone, '96, of Winter Park,Florida, died April 8, 1951.Florence La Tourette, '97, AM '98 (Mrs.Carl Milliken) died in March, 1951, at herhome in Altadena, California.Theodore Wild, Jr., MD '98, died December 23, 1950, in Elgin, Illinois.William R. Tyndale, '99, MD '00, diedAugust 25, 1950, in Santa Monica, California.Edward A. Bechtel, Ph.D. '00, died July11, 1950, in Bethesda, Maryland.Hart Beyer, MD '00, of Pittsville, Wisconsin, died April 15, 1951.Hugh S. Mead, '01, of Bellefontaine,Ohio, died October 31, 1950.Katherine Paltzer, '01, died at the age of71 on April 15, 1951, aboard a train arriving at the Dearborn Street Station. She wasreturning from a visit in Mobile, Alabama.She lived at the King Bruwaert House,Hinsdale, Illinois.Grace A. Sealey, '01, of Normal, Illinois,died March 25, 1951.Ida E. Corothers, '04, SM '05, (Mrs. RalphA. Merriam), of Chicago, died April 26,1951, after a year's hospitalization.Katherine M. Howell, '05, MD '13, diedat Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, whereshe was a physician, on April 27, 1951.Charles F. Kennedy, '05, famous end onthe 1905 football team, died at BillingsMemorial Hospital August 1, 1951, following a major operation. He was founderand president of the Kennedy Manufacturing Co. in Van Wert, Ohio, where he was aleading and respected citizen. So active washe in providing civic leadership that he wasawarded an Alumni Citation in 1943. Hiswife is Lillian Stephenson, '06.Nathaniel E. Hoy, '06, died December29, 1950, at his home in Faulkton, SouthDakota.Calvin K. Staudt, PhD '07, died at theage of 75 on April 3, 1951, at his home inBaltimore, Maryland. He was the founderand headmaster of the American School forBoys in Bagdad, Iraq. Dr. Staudt has retired as minister of the Evangelical andReformed Church.Carrie H. Wilson, who did work at theUniversity around 1907, died April 13,1951. She lived in Evanston, Illinois.George H. Brown, who did work at theUniversity around 1908, died April 16,1951, at his home in Highland Park, Illinois.Bohumil Krai, '08, of Berwyn, Illinois,died in November, 1950.Asher R. McMahan, MD '08, died October 17, 1950, in Memphis, Tennessee.Sarah L. Capps, '09, (Mrs. Ralph I. Dun-lap) died March 2, 1951, at her daughter'shome in Washington, D. C.Charles R. Gilbert, who did work at theUniversity around 1910, died April 1, 1951,at his home in Chicago. Edith C. Howard (Mrs. Burton P. Gale)who did work at the University around1910, died April 29, 1951, at her home inEvanston, Illinois.Mrs. Lena B. Mathes, '11, AM Tl, DB '13,died at the age of 89 at the home of herson in Washington, D. C, July 28, 1951.After the death of her husband she earnedher degrees at Chicago while educating hertwo sons at Chicago. Later she organizedthe Women's Church Federation with delegates from the Chicago Protestant churchesto work for better political representation.She also worked with juvenile delinquencyand resided in Hyde Park for many years.Ruth A. Peirce, '12, AM '13, died February 25, 1951, at her home in Hutchinson,Kansas.Fred E. Torrance, MD '12, of Winfield,Kansas, died November 18, 1950.William G. Hyde, MD '13, of Wauwatosa,Wisconsin, died March 27, 1951.Joseph N. Smith, AM '14, of Elgin, Illinois, died November 1, 1950.John L. Imhof, AM '15, died on January13, 1950.Rev. Carl G. George, '16 AM T7, of St.Lous, Missouri, died April 29, 1951.Edna B. Schwarzman, '16, AM '27, ofChicago, died January 2, 1951.Joseph R. Gordon, of Chicago, died August 24, 1950.Robert J. Kellogg, who did work at theUniversity around 1917, died April 29, 1951,m Shawnee, Oklahoma.Ellen C. Phillips, '17, (Mrs. J. E. Rep-linger, Jr.) of Flint, Michigan, died May22, 1951.Lycurgus Ellis, AM '18, of East St. Louis,Illinois, died March 29, 1951.Irving P. Browning, MD '19, of IronMountain, Michigan, died April 29, 1951.Charles H. Wagener, who did work atthe University around 1919, died December5, 1950, at his home in San Antonio, Texas.Sister Mary A. Carbery, '20, of RiverForest, Illinois, died January 23, 1951.M. William Malczewski, '20, JD '20, ofGary, Indiana, died May 2, 1951.George K. Bowden, JD '21, died July 12of a heart ailment. He was a federal taxlaw expert.Arthur Van Kleeck, '21, of Madison, Wisconsin, died May 13, 1951.John C. Wyeth, SM '23, of Santa Barbara, California, died October 26, 1950.David B. Burford who took work on thequadrangles during 1924-28 died of a heartattack in Chicago July 16, 1951. He was thehusband of Elizabeth Davis, daughter ofOzora S. Davis, former president of ChicagoTheological Seminary. David was withMontgomery Ward and Company.Nina Streeter, AM '26, died March 211951, at her home in Los Angeles, California.Thomas S. Hoppe, '27, of Jacksonville,Illinois, died March 25, 1951.Rev. William E. Hunter, who did workat the University around 1933, died of aheart attack on June 7, 1951, at his homein Chicago.Benjamin F. Brooks, PhD '39, died April22, 1951, at the U. S. Naval Hospital, Bethesda, Maryland. He was economic adviser to the excess profits tax council atInternal Revenue.Phyllis Kachel Reitan, '45, died May 13,1951, at her home in Chicago.Captain Edward R. Duncan, '47, waskilled in action in Korea, September S,1950.Bigelow Watts, Jr., '47, was reportedkilled June 17 while on active duty in theKorean theater. Capt. Watts was attendingHarvard Law School when recalled to activeduty in September, 1950.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAbove the Flooded River. Poised a few feet above the swirlingflood, a telephone repairman tests a cable on a bridge betweenKansas City, Kansas, and Kansas City, Missouri, while hiscompanion uses a walkie-talkie to co-ordinate repair work. Inother places, telephone men were forced to take to boats. Meeting the Emergency. Telephone people not only worked valiantly to restore service but to keep it going. Dikes were thrownaround telephone offices. Switchboards raised above rising waters. Emergency power plants set up. Mobile radio telephonesrushed to towns where telephone offices were washed out.FIGHTING THENATION'SCOSTLIESTFLOOD From the flooded sections of Missouri,Kansas and Oklahoma have come stories ofthe loyalty, skill and courage of telephonepeople in one of the Nation's worst floods.Many returned from vacations to help.In one town, a single radio appeal for formeroperators brought twice as many as wereneeded. Hundreds of trained telephonepeople from other states were rushed to thescene to help their fellow workers.Once again the Western Electric Company— the Bell System's manufacturing and supply unit — proved its value in an emergency. By plane, fast freight and truck it rushedmillions of feet of cable and wire, telephones,switchboards and other needed equipment.No one can tell when or where such emergencies will occur, but the Bell System hasto be ready and able to handle them whenthey happen. That means financially able aswell as physically able.This points up again that it takes a financially strong telephone company, with astrong supply organization like WesternElectric, to give the Nation the service itrequires.Flying to the Flood Front.Part of one hundred LongDistance operators whowere flown from NewYork,Louisville and Chicago toKansas City, Missouri,where a flood of calls followed the flood of waters.With traditional BellSystem speed and teamwork, they pitched in tohelp at busy switchboardsin the stricken areas.BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEMAccounting, Auditing, 55% Marketing, 17% Admin., 15% -v-kOtherlobs.7% I Advt.,37,Mfg., 3%Research — Development, Design, Production, Application Engineering, 60% Marketing, Sales, 20° Other lobs, 20%What happens to all the college graduatesGeneral Electric hires?About 55 per cent of the graduates of General Electric'sBusiness Training Course are now making their careers inaccounting and auditing work. About 17 per cent are inmarketing; 15 per cent in administrative and management;3 per cent in advertising; 3 per cent in manufacturing;with 7 per cent in fields ranging from purchasing toemployee relations.Of the more than ten thousand engineers and otherspecialists at General Electric, about 60 per cent are insome phase of engineering or research, with 20 per centin marketing, and the other 20 per cent in manufacturing,purchasing, etc.Figures like these help to prove that there are no fixedpaths for college graduates at General Electric. The graduate who enters a G-E training program doesn't commithimself irrevocably to one type of work.It's a G-E tradition to encourage the newcomer to lookaround, try several different assignments on for size, findthe kind of job which he believes will be most satisfyingand to which he can make the greatest contribution.[ia am/ru/yotM corwdence iti—GENERAL ELECTRIC