* ryTHE UNIVERSITYOFCHICAGO MAGAZINEMARCH 19 4 5LETTERSCITATION TO ANDFROM LONDONIt is only this Christmas week thatI have received the text of the citation voted by the Alumni Associationon June 10, 1944. That is why it isonly today that I am writing to express to the Alumni Association mydeep appreciation and cordial thanks.Nothing could have moved memore than the citation of the AlumniAssociation of the University of Chicago, to which I am so affectionatelyattached. I have a special reason tobe grateful to the University: it gaveme a chance to acquire knowledge offacts and to enjoy the friendly guidance in appraising their importanceand value — something that my nativeland had refused me. I confess thatin my days as a student, when Ithought of examinations and wastherefore interested in the professors'own opinions, I sometimes regrettedthat our professors did not give afirmer direction to our studies. Later,however, I learned better. I foundthat a purposefully and firmly directedstudy was apt to blind the studentinstead of opening his mind in exactlythe same way as a beacon may eitherenlighten man's pathway or blind himif directed against him. The risk istoo great to be taken.Furthermore, in the laboratory ofnations in which I spent my lasttwenty-eight years, I found that whileit was possible to press by force individuals or even nations together, itwas impossible to unite them by force.While it is possible to constrain menby force, it is impossible to persuadethem by force. And after all, men willgive the full measure of their intellectual and spiritual capacities onlyfreely, only if they believe that it isworth while. That men and womenreadily give their unselfish and effective services to the community, thenation, and humanity, the conclusiveproof of it we find in the fact thatpolitical fakirs, prestidigitators, andunscrupulous bandits find millions andmillions of men and women to followthem. The case of Germany and Italyconfirms this.True, individuals and nations liveby bread, but not by bread alone.They need principles — false or true— to live by, and ideals — false ortrue — to live for. Europe went wrongnot because men and women there were ignorant, but because college anduniversity educated men and womenhad not done their duty. They became so terribly "objective" that theywere ready to put their expert knowledge at the service of any cause whatsoever, saying mockingly of the principles on which our civilization wasbuilt: "Lean on principles until theygive way." And yet, as scientific workwould be impossible without the acceptance of certain principles whichmost often are but mere hypotheses,so the life of a community, nation,and of humanity needs certain principles. But, as bad money drove outgood money, so false principles driveout good principles. And should anyone maintain good principles in circulation if not the university educatedmen and women? Who should defendthe millions of unselfish men andwomen against the abuse and exploitation by political prestidigitators,if not university men and women whohave learned not to confound the crestof a wave with the sea?I know from bitter experience thatit is not easy to make truth prevail.But I also know that no national orinternational force can command, forany length of time, obedience of menand women unless it is based on somegenerally accepted principles considered as just and equitable. Whatis just and equitable? The only wayof getting nearest to justice andequitability is a free confrontation offacts and of their interpretation. True,it does not protect you against errors,but at least it offers you a possibility,nay a probability, of correcting themwithout an irreparable catastrophe.In America, you are not free fromerrors and injustices, but the freedomof thought, speech, and associationand the practical means you possessto manifest and diffuse them enableyou to put an end to them. Anduntil a safer means of discoveringtruth is discovered than the one of afree exchange of facts and views, letus hold to it steadfastly, for, all thingstaken together, truth discovered bysuch a common effort is the bestcement uniting individuals in nationalcommunities as well as in nations andthe safest agent for the creation of aclimate in which fraternity can growand flourish.I beg you to transmit to the members of the Alumni Association myheartfelt greetings, and to tell themthat I am and remain a faithful andgrateful son of our Alma Mater.Stefan Osusky, '14, JD '15London G.I. BILLAs an alumnus and citizen, I takeexception to Dr. Hutchins' recent diatribe on the educational provisions ofthe G. I. Bill. The monetary provisions of this portion of the bill willnot become a "dole" because our people will never vote themselves a handout. They know who it is that paysthe taxes and they also know that theUniversity of Chicago doesn't have topay taxes; it being what is termed aneleemosynary institution. Nor is itbelievable that postwar education willbecome a veteran-sponsored racket.Anyone who has served with troopsis sure that the heavy majority of ourguys are not that way and there mustbe two parties to any racket.I am afraid that what Dr. Hutchinsmeant for an inspired blast at democratic morality turned out to bemerely a Bronx cheer at and for thesuckers in service. But when he comesout with how federal grants are goingto foster some dirty competition fromthe flowering of low-grade (non-University of Chicago sponsored) educational joints, the blast sounds strangelylike the whimper of the superseded,aging mistress; the whine of the out-muscled beer baron.Capt. Robert D. Barnard, '27OverseasI am able, I believe, to view theproblem of the returning veteran froma somewhat more objective standpointthan many. My ideas of education atthe university level were fairly welldetermined by 1942, and when I cameto Chicago I found my ideas to bepleasantly in accord with those existing there as I planned in my selection of a school.Now I am a potential veteran. Thefates permitting, I shall return to Chicago under the G. I. Bill of Rights.I have my own opinions concerningits value, but more important I amin contact with the ideas, the hopes,the expectations of many others, somein circumstances similar to mine.I heartily agree with PresidentHutchins in his summation of thepotential dangers of government aidin the form now presented to thepeople. I fail, however, to see hisreason for such great concern. It maybe true that many financially embarrassed institutions will be unable toresist the temptations afforded andmay alter their requirements accordingly; the degrees, faculty, and prestige of these schools will eventuallysuffer in direct ratio to this degradation of standards. So long as theUniversity of Chicago does not intend{Concluded on page 32)NOSTALGIAMARCH, 1894 — The athleticdepartment staged a matinee entertainment in Kenttheater which included tumbling,fencing, boxing, and wrestling. Thehit of the afternoon was AmosAlonzo Stagg, who sang Don't TouHear Them Bells with Glee Clubaccompaniment. The crowd demanded two encores which were:Sing, Brother, Sing and The History of the Flood.&&^/&CVMarch, 1904 — The new ReynoldsClub Council took office. TheCouncil included: Roy D. Keehn(Chicago attorney); James Sheldon Riley (Los Angeles investmentbanker, retired); Harry W. Ford(deceased); Ernest E. Quantrell(Broad Street, New York); andFred A. Fischel (Chicago attorney).March, 1908— The Society Brandmen's clothing ads carried picturesof the new Bronco suits with alligator vests, "the great novelty of1908."March, 1914 — Theater announcements included : "George M.Cohan's mystery farce, Seven Keysto Baldpate; laughs, thrills, melodrama" at Cohan's Grand; "RuthChatterton in Daddy Long Legs"at the Powers; and "Fun makerssuprenfc, Kolb and Dill, in PeckO'Pickles, musical riot" at theAmerican Music Hall.March, 1915— Breaking the skylightin Ellis Hall and dropping into theouter corridor of the Cap andGown office, Lyndon Lesch settleddown for a nine-and-a-half hourvigil to be first in line for the freecopy of the annual. His equipment included a pillow, comforter,crackers, egg sandwiches, grapejuice, books, and a candle. Hewon his Cap and Gown and acommand appearance before DavidAllan Robertson, secretary to President Judson. This was Lyn's sec- THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOMAGAZINEVolume 37 March, 1945 Number 6PUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONCHARLTON T. BECK, EditorHOWARD W. MORTAssociate Editor BEATRICE J. WULFAssociate Editor SYLVESTER PETROAssistant EditorI N T H I S I S S U E raseFourteen Years on the Air, John P. Howe 3With Malice toward None, Avery O. Craven,James G. Randall, and T. V. Smith - 4The Florida Front, Lt. Ira S. Glick 8Liberal Education, Mortimer J. Adler - - 10Three Current Books 12One Man's Opinion, William V. Morgenstern 14Chicago's Honor Roll 15News of the Quadrangles, Chet Opal 18News of the Classes --- 21The Cover : The Round Table just before air time, withlast-minute coffee, orange juice, and note revisions. Attable: John McCloy, Assistant Secretary of War, Pres.Hutchins, and Prof. Floyd Reeves (back to camera).Standing: Chet Opal (with pipe) and John Howe.Published by the Alumni AitocUtion of the University of Chicago monthly, from Octoberto June. Office of Publication, 6788 University Avenue. Chicago 87, Illinois. Annual subserip-tion price M.00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second cfass matter December 1, 1934, itSe lMi 9$ce l,i,Ch'C8ll?• nltaouj. under the act of March 8, 1879. The Graduate Group Inc30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the official advertising agency of SeMagazfntond appearance on the Robertsoncarpet, the first being the day he¦ purchased a dozen balloons from aMidway vendor and released themin Harper reading room. Bebeguns proved ineffective and theballoons remained to wilt and dropforty days later. Lesch is now theassistant treasurer of the Universityand Robertson is president ofGoucher College, Baltimore.March, 1916 — The new sophomoreand junior class pipes, with numerals imprinted within a C on thebowl, appeared on the Quadrangles. The quickest way to tell asophomore from a junior, the lat-ter's pipe had a bent stem. March, 1924— The annual DailyMaroon dinner was held at theHyde Park Hotel. Preceding thedinner the entire staff saw HaroldLloyd in Why Worry.March, 1938— Chicago's base drum,biggest in the world, took an overnight trip to New York to providethe mighty boom in Verdi'sRequiem, played by Toscanini'sNBC symphony. Big Bertha's arrival in New York provided a photographers' field day, but an NBCheadache. Bertha staged a sitdownstrike at the entrance to CarnegieHall and refused to enter withoutremoval of a wall. Result: theboom was provided by a Connecticut American Legion drum.Comprehensives and surveys were forgotten for a mid-winter carnival evening atIda Noyes clubhouse. Students did everything except pull taffy and spin the.rJt™r'while forty thousand pennies swelled theWorld Student Service Fund.*mv .7/•^rFOURTEEN YEARS ON THE AIR® By JOHN P. HOWE, '27From Mitchell Toweracross the nationON FEBRUARY 4 of this year the UniversityRound Table began its fifteenth year of broadcasting. It was a pioneering venture when, on a Sunday morning in the winter of 1931, Professors T. V.Smith, Percy Boynton, and Winfred Garrison sat aroundan old fashioned microphone in Mitchell Tower to discuss the Wickersham Report. There was no precedentfor such a broadcast. There was no budget for it. Therewas even a rule against ad lib broadcasting, which had tobe waived by Station WMAQ.Those gentlemen — and the two people who had theidea, Judith Waller of WMAQ and Allen Miller, '26,then radio director for the University — started somethingthat Sunday which, we like to think, has had a permanentimpact upon the country. There are now seven regularforum or discussion programs on the networks, includingthe Round Table. Scores of colleges and universities nowproduce their own round tables on local stations throughout the country. Most of these took their inspiration fromthe Round' Table, and the Round Table has served, andis still serving, to set standards for the discussion of publicpolicy over the air.Records for the first year indicate a certain vaguenessof intention. Discussions of public issues were interlardedwith poetry readings, interviews, and lectures. One datein 1931 carries the bleak entry, "Lecturer unable to appear." By 1932 the program had crystalized as a seriesdevoted to analysis of political, economic, social, anddiplomatic issues. Over the next several years topicsranged from such highly specific and timely subjects as"Hunger in Austria" to very general themes, e. g. "SelfReliance." Most topics were in the middle range — "Collective Bargaining" or "World Court Ratification." Theprogram won so many friends in Chicago that the National Broadcasting Company made it a public servicefeature of the network in 1933. Sustaining programs onnetworks are carried at the option of the individual localstations, however, and the Round Table never had morethan thirty-six station outlets until after 1938.During the period 1932-38 the Round Table continuedto rely almost exclusively on members of the Chicagofaculty, although other Chicagoans and visitors participated occasionally. A group of about a dozen professors — including T. V. Smith, Percy Boynton, HarryGideonse, William Spencer, Harold Lasswell, StuartMeech, James Weber Linn, and Donald Slesinger — became "the Round Tablers." At least two of the nucleargroup appeared on nearly every program. In one seriesof thirty consecutive broadcasts T. V. Smith appearedtwenty-six times, Boynton eighteen times, Lasswell seventimes, and Gideonse six times. All of these "regulars" were articulate. Their personalities were vivid. They were willing (and usually able)to discuss almost any subject on short notice. Throughmuch experience they became adept at give and take,adding an informal and light touch to many a heavysubject. Following is a bit of characteristic dialogue froma 1938 Round Table on "Propaganda in a Democracy,"in which Smith, Gideonse, and Lasswell were scheduledto take part. Lasswell arrived late, after the broadcastwas already on the air.Mr. Smith : Either way we look at it, there is propagandato the right of us and propaganda to the left of us, andnow, propaganda in front of us, since Mr. Lasswell hasarrived.Mr. Gideonse: Did the cab get here on time, Lasswell?Mr. Lasswell: Oh, quite so, I am greatly disappointedthat I gave you a chance to define the word "propaganda"before I got here.Mr. Smith: Do you have a good excuse for being lateto this Round Table?Mr. Gideonse: He knows propaganda techniques andhe knows one of the best ways of drawing attention to himself is to arrive late — to do the unusual and grab the publicity.The year 1938 marked a turning point for the RoundTable. William Benton, newly appointed vice-presidentof the University, persuaded NBC to move the programto a Sunday afternoon time, when the potential audienceis much larger. He also called the Round Table to theattention of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, which began a series of annual grants in support of the RoundTable which still continue. The Sloan Foundation grantshave made it possible to pay the participants a smallhonorarium ; to provide a staff, including a programdirector, research assistant and an aide for promotion,publicity, and station relations; to bring outside expertsto Chicago as participants, or to originate the programwherever it is most convenient to assemble the participants; and to publish a weekly "transcript" based on thebroadcast. The result was that the program has becometruly national — and occasionally international — in character. The range of possible participants has been greatlywidened. Invitations are extended to the best qualifiedpeople in the country.Since 1938 the number of stations carrying the RoundTable has increased to one hundred or more. The averagelistening audience per station has risen markedly. It isconservatively estimated that the total audience for theRound Table has quadrupled over pre- 1938.Some of the charm and informality achieved by theexperienced "regulars" of the early years has been lostin the transition. This loss has been offset, it is believed,by more systematic planning and preparation, the useof more specialists as participants, and a greater effortto build content into each half -hour. The phrase "spon-(Concluded on page 20)Since his student days John Howe has helped interpretthe University to America — first from the Press RelationsOffice, then Public Relations, and now as executive secretary of the Radio Office.3WITH MALICE TOWARD NONEThe Lincoln Day Round Table BroadcastAVERY O. CRAVEN, Ph.D. '24 -Professor of American HistoryJAMES G. RANDALL, AProfessor of History,COL. SMITH : The birthday of some men is merelyan exercise in grateful memory, but Lincoln's recurring birthday is a challenge to our imaginationalso. He appeals no more to the head of the scholar thanto the heart of the citizen.Mr. Craven : That very fact emphasizes the differencebetween the historical figure and the growing legendaryLincoln. He is more and more becoming the symbol ofAmerica itself. Perhaps he is becoming even more thanthat.Mr. Randall : Yes, indeed, he is. As America hasbroadened its international significance, Lincoln has become increasingly a world figure.Col. Smith: The poet has said that each age is adream that is passing or one that is coming to birth; eachnational hero is an institution that is passing or one thatis born anew. Let us try our hand at a sort of naturalhistory of the growth of a great national inspiration froma humble man.Mr. Craven : Let us begin with the fact that therehave been more than four thousand items produced onAbraham Lincoln. And there are at least a thousandvolumes dealing directly with the man himself. That ismore, perhaps, than about any other American figure.Washington, at one time, was first in the hearts of hiscountrymen; Lincoln now seems to be crowding himaside. I remember looking at a bibliography a few yearsago and discovering ninety-one biographies of Washington, representing the period from the late 1700's up to1938; for the same period — rather, less than that — forLincoln there were one hundred and twenty-six.Col. Smith : The "savior" has outgrown the "father."Mr. Craven : That is correct. Significant not only arethe number of volumes on Lincoln and the interest inLincoln but the authorship appeals to me also.Col. Smith : The people, primarily, who interest themselves in Lincoln are, apparently, not you technical andprofessional historians but politicians like Beveridge andclergymen like Barton and lawyers like Hertz and poetslike Sandburg. This is itself significant of the deeper holdwhich Lincoln has upon American life.Mr. Craven : As a matter of fact, there are about twoor three historians who have made Lincoln the majorinterest in their writing. One of them is our guest thismorning. Professor Randall of the University of Illinoishas not only been one of the great scholars of Lincoln buthe also has in preparation one of the larger volumes onLincoln himself. LT. COL. T. V. SMITH, Ph.D. '22On Leave as Professor of Philosophy.B., A.M. '04, Ph.D. 'I IUniversity of IllinoisBut it is not only books and articles and sermons thatindicate the significance of Lincoln. There is also thecollector. I do not know of great collections of Washington material or Jefferson material, but there are a dozenor more great collections of Lincoln, are there not, Randall? And these collections have enormous values. If Iremember correctly, two or three Lincoln items will bringmore money on the market today than Lincoln was ableto earn in all his lifetime.Col. Smith: Lincoln would be surprised, because Iremember a letter in which he returned ten of twenty-five dollars for a legal fee, saying that he was worthonly fifteen.Mr. Randall : I recall an incident and an illustrationof Lincoln as a universal symbol. You remember that,year before last in Illinois, a vast number of the schoolchildren of the state — about a million, I was told — madesmall contributions to buy one of the original Lincolnmanuscripts of the Gettysburg Address. This manuscriptwhich was bought by the children was presented to thestate of Illinois. It is now in the Illinois State HistoricalLibrary. That was an example of mass tribute.Mr. Craven: I remember a document of Lincoln's —just a single item — which, when sold at auction, broughtsomething like forty-five thousand dollars. That is amazing even to me when one thinks of the fact that Lincolnwas before the public eye only a comparatively shorttime. He was almost unknown in 1860; and his careerended in 1865. Besides that, he was misunderstood, Ithink, most of the time.Col. Smith: Even at his speech in New York thatbrought him international fame, the easterners came togawk at him as a western oddity.Mr. Craven: And southerners, in 1860, almost ignoredhim. I remember that the Richmond Enquirer said that"Lincoln is little more than a cipher in the present count."A New Orleans newspaper said that he was the "beauideal of the restless, dogged, free-soil border ruffian, avulgar mobocrat and southern hater" who would neitherturn back from his work nor do it by halves.Col. Smith: The southerners did not even fear him,except as a tool of what they thought adverse interests.But the northerners themselves had an adverse view, didthey not?Mr. Randall: Yes, do not forget that. He was unmercifully abused in the North. He was referred to, forinstance, as a "baboon," an "imbecile," a "wet rag," a"Kentucky mule," a "simple Susan."4THE UNIVERSITY OFMr. Craven: To a certain extent is there not somejustification for the feeling that, in 1860, Lincoln had10 1 justified himself as a great Olympian figure such asie has become?Col. Smith : I was certainly surprised, as a southernerwho had venerated Lincoln, when I looked up in theJournals of the Illinois Legislature his record for the eightpears that he was in the Lower House. I give you myword, I could not find anything that lifted him abovethe level of a job broker or an introducer of formal resolutions. He was really a nonentity during those earlyfour years.Mr. Craven: And his record in Congress really wasnot much better, was it?Mr. Randall: That certainly is true. Lincoln's careerwas mediocre in terms of accomplishments in the IllinoisLegislature and in Congress. He, by the age of fifty- two,had done little, in fact, in office. Yet, strangely enough,you will find that at the age of twenty-nine, Lincolngave a mature and thoughtful pronouncement on fundamentals in his address before the Young Men's Lyceumin Springfield on January 27, 1838. In that early statement the young Lincoln gave a real interpretation ofAmerican institutions. In that sense the greatness of Lincoln's thought and his stature as a statesman were foreshadowed before he was thirty.Col. Smith: That is, he was one of these men whomatures very slowly — so slowly, in fact, that I wonder ifhe has even yet reached his full growth.Mr. Craven : That is true. But you are only emphasizing the fact that there is a real Lincoln and that there isa legendary Lincoln.Col. Smith: The key to my thought is that Lincolnwas a sadly divided personality. You see, we are all dividedselves, and so we naturally project ourselves in everyprominent personality that is sadly split, as Lincoln'spersonality was. True, we do not all come, as Lincolndid, to Hamlet's stark dilemma: "To be or not to be."But men who do brave this abyss and then hold onto lifeand make a go of it excite our admiration and strengthenour human courage. In this regard, Lincoln's successstory is more of the inner than of the outer life. Thatis one chief reason, I suspect, why the poets and thepreachers and the philosophers have idolized this sadman. Life is too much with every one of us and is toomuch for us. Lincoln looked over the brink and lived.He, therefore, became a sort of elder brother to each ofus who knows the shadows and walks alone through thesilences of life.Mr. Randall : Smith has a point there, though he putsit more poetically than I would. Look how Lincoln wasdivided about women, for instance. "I can never be satisfied," he once said, "with anyone who would be blockhead enough to have me."Col. Smith : Mary Todd lived to learn how true wasLincoln's knowledge of himself about women.Mr. Craven: As I reflect upon your point about Lincoln's split personality, perhaps you will let me say that CHICAGO MAGAZINE 5his conscience was also a little split. You remember hispuzzling remark about slavery: "If slavery is not wrong,nothing is. . . . And yet I have never understood thatthe presidency conferred upon me an unrestricted rightto act officially upon this judgment and feeling."Col. Smith : Craven, like an old friend, you are reallyhelping me! That is the proof of my point — proof andparadox together. He was so divided in conscience, as amatter of fact, that, though slavery was wrong, he alsothought it wrong for him to right it. To make the matter more paradoxical still, Lincoln saw how divided apersonality he was. He wrote a Shakespearean actor fromthe White House, for instance: "I have endured a greatdeal of ridicule without much malice, and have receiveda great deal of kindness, not quite free from ridicule.I am used to it." In such self-knowledge, Lincoln becameour elder brother in wisdom as well as in sadness. He sawthe figure which he cut and smiled a healing smile. Hesaw what a sorry figure the world itself cuts, and yet hekept his courage to live — yea, to live greatly. His humorkept him from meanness, but it was his imagination thatsaved him for magnanimity.Imagination put him in other men's places, so that hecould meet them more than halfway. But it also gave hima cause that saved him from wobbling — a polestar forthe politician in him — and a cause big enough to unite hissevered selves in action and roomy enough to offer shelterto North and South alike. The cause which cured hispersonal malady was not the abolition of slavery; it wasrather the preservation of the Union. Men love whatthey lack; and Lincoln so lacked personal unity as tomake a religion of national union.Mr. Randall: I recall in this connection his famousletter to Greeley: "What I do about slavery," he said, "Ido because I believe it helps to save the Union. ... I shalldo less whenever I shall believe what I am doing hurtsthe cause, and I shall do more whenever I shall believedoing more will help the cause."Col. Smith: The style of that quotation helps me toround out my thought. Lincoln's greatness, I have longsuspected, owes not a little to accident — to the mannerand the moment of his death: martyrdom at a climactichour! It was like Socrates and Jesus. But Lincoln had already unconsciously insured himself against oblivion, asneither of them had, by writing in a style which keepshim alive in death and eloquent through endless absence.He discerned what psychologists have discovered — thatthe surest way to move other men is visibly to controlyour own emotion. The genius of Lincoln's style is reticence, not full release. Lincoln did at Gettysburg in twominutes for all ages what the orator of that occasion couldnot do for the auditors there in two hours. Lincoln'sstyle, through its very economy, reveals what it conceals— the ache of the heart, the throb of the brain, and thebitter salt of oceans of sorrow. As Sandburg says, he was"sad," he was "kind," he was "cool." I defy any manto read Lincoln-'s speeches or letters — with or withouttears — and not to feel himself bodily budged through6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcomradeship into greatness. His style, which is the man,reinforces the deepest lesson of Jefferson: that in ademocracy men are not privileged to cure their dividedselves, as strident reformers would, by inflicting theirnotions even of perfection upon other men, save onlythrough persuasion.Mr. Craven : You have emphasized the importance ofLincoln for the individual and the way in which he feelsa need. But the United States, as a nation, also foundin Abraham Lincoln the materials with which to satisfya great and permanent need. Lincoln has come to symbolize to the American people the meaning of Americaitself — its opportunities, its virtues, its mission. He is thegreat American success story. It reveals the land of opportunity where a boy may start from the poverty andsqualor of the three-sided log-cabin and find his way, bysheer merit, to the White House and the highest officein the land. His arg the homely virtues which Americanslike to believe are the national virtues — honesty, hardlabor, a keen sense of humor, a selfless devoti©n to right.In him democracy finds justification. Without distinguished ancestry he reached true gentility ; without formaleducation, he penned the immortal Gettysburg Address;with only the experience of a cross-roads politician, herose to the statesmanship required to steer a nationthrough it bitterest crisis.Lincoln is the great commoner who never lost thehuman touch. He hated privilege and believed in theright of every man to eat the bread his toil produced.He would keep slavery out of the territories, becausewhere slavery went common man could not find homes;he would destroy the institution of slavery itself, becauseit carried a threat to the freedom of all men alike.While other men blundered into civil war babbling aboutconstitutional rights, economic interests, and Negro slavery, Lincoln saw the struggle in terms of humanity's age-old fight for freedom — a fight to save the Union becausethat union was dedicated to the proposition that all men— not just Negroes, not just Americans even, but allmen everywhere — were created free and equal.Mr. Randall : He said, you remember, that "this isessentially a people's contest. On the side of the Union itis a struggle for maintaining in the world that form andsubstance of government whose leading object is to elevatethe condition of men; to lift artificial weights from allshoulders; to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all;to afford all an unfettered start and a fair chance in therace of life."Mr. Craven: In that statement he lifted the CivilWar into a monument to assert the sovereignty of "we,the people."It is as the great democrat that the Lincoln of historyjustifies the Lincoln of tradition. The significance ofAmerica to mankind is as an experiment in democracy.And in Lincoln's day that experiment was failing. Southern men boldly talked of the superior society with slavemud-sills at the bottom and an aristocracy at the top. "Inequality among men is the will of God," declaredthe president of Randolph-Macon College. "I have nohesitation in pronouncing the dogma that all men arecreated equal false and absurd," said Professor Mills ofMercer. "It is both false and foolish," echoed the venerable Edmund Ruffin. George Fitzhugh of Virginia wenteven further to insist that "slavery is the natural condition of the laboring man, whether black or white. . . .Master and slave is a relation in society as natural andnecessary as parent and child."More clearly than any man of his day Abraham Lincoln saw the full meaning of these words. The whiteman's freedom was as much involved as that of theNegro's. Common men everywhere were endangered. Andit was in this way that Lincoln rose above the time andthe things of the moment to become the great spokesmanof mankind.Mr. Randall: My thinking has been chiefly on Lincoln's significance in the world picture. It is not only inAmerica that Lincoln is honored. There are lives of Lincoln in foreign languages the world over. In 1863 therewas a veritable outpouring of popular demonstration forLincoln among the workmen and common people ofEngland. It was like a tidal wave that swept over Britain.And, of course, we remember the deep friendship and understanding between Lincoln and that outstanding Britishliberal, John Bright. After Lincoln's death, you remember, Punch of London printed a beautifully poetic tribute.They had been abusing him; now they made amends anddid it handsomely.Mr. Craven: And from all. over the world, at thetime of his death, there poured in from common peoplein every country expressions of sorrow and personal loss.Mr. Randall: We have, then, to account somehowfor this world appeal of Lincoln. I would say that muchof his larger significance is due to two things — his liberalism and his concept of peace. It is true that Lincoln wasa conservative in not going along with the intolerant anti-southern "radicals" of his day, but, basically, the mindof Lincoln on public questions was a liberal mind. Hehad a fundamental creed of human dignity and humanequality. He had a sense of equity and justice. He gavethought to the laborer and to people without privilege.Col. Smith : Was it not Lincoln who characterized the"mud-sill theory" as the theory that whoever is a hiredlaborer is fixed in that condition for life?Mr. Randall: That is right. Those were his words.He said, in the same connection, that the laborer shouldnot be "a blind horse upon a treadmill." He warned ofa tendency that is like what we now call fascism — thatis, employing lawless terrorism to overthrow legitimategovernment. He did not merely prate about democracy;but, on the other hand, when he saw its imperfections, hedid not lose faith because democracy is difficult. In hisliberalism he should be noted for the things that heavoided. He did not play up passions. He was never therabble-rouser or professional patrioteer. He did not go in forTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 7intolerance or abuse of the South. He kept clear of violentmovements in his own day. He was anti-slavery on theplane of reasonable statesmanship, not on the plane ofJohn Brown. He not only had a democratic Americanfaith and a sense of American unity, but he also believedthat the cause of America was the cause of free government in the world.Mr. Craven: From what you say I am wondering ifyou would pin on Abraham Lincoln that much-abusedterm "idealist" — that is, I mean, implying the impracticalman.Mr. Randall: I would do it circumspectly. I wouldcertainly say that Lincoln was a man of ideals. In fact,ideals are the essence of the Lincoln subject. Sometimeswe tend to say that a leader has ideals; we call him an"idealist," perhaps a "visionary dreamer," and dismisshim with that. Or sometimes we pin the wrong labelsupon people and call the wrong ones "realists." Afterall, what is a leader without ideals? Lincoln lived throughone crisis and one crushing Union defeat after anotherin four fearful years in office and came through "withmalice toward none." Only a man of ideals could havedone that.Mr. Craven : "With malice toward none" was thecornerstone of Lincoln's peace, was it not?Mr. Randall : Yes, Lincoln labored hard to promote aforward-looking plan of peace. It envisaged the rapidhealing of wounds between North and South. Other leaders than Lincoln, however, failed to rise to his level, andthat is what hurt him, as we see in the last speech ofhis life, which he made on April 11, 1865. Lincoln wasnot worried about the southern mind. His appeal in thatlast speech was to the North. The real tug — and this isa thing to be greatly emphasized — was to get his owngovernment, especially Congress, to rally to the programof a constructive postwar policy. The great tragedy, aswith Wilson, was the failure of high-minded unity behindLincoln's plan of peace. His plan failed — that is to say,it failed to be adopted and a wretchedly abusive form of so-called "reconstruction" was adopted — but it wasnot Lincoln's failure.In two great crises in the history of our nation—under Lincoln and even more devastatingly under Wilson— it has been true that smaller men with inadequate vision have wrecked the well-planned peace policy of thenation's leader.Mr. Craven : All three of us have been trying painfully to catch Lincoln; and yet, somehow or other, Ihave the feeling that something of the mystery of greatness and something of the stature of the man escapes us —something which I think that you caught, Smith, in yourmemorial to the Illinois Senate a few years ago. Wouldyou close with that?Col. Smith: Thank you, Craven, and thank you foryour contribution today, Randall."No man made great by death offers more hope tolowly pride than does Abraham Lincoln; for while livinghe was himself so simple as often to be dubbed a fool —North and South. Foolish he was, they said, in losing hisyouthful heart to a grave and living his life on marriedpatience; foolish in pitting his homely ignorance againstDouglas, brilliant, courtly, and urbane; foolish in settinghimself to do the right in a world where the day goesmostly to the strong; foolish in dreaming of freedom fora long-suffering folk whom the North is as anxious tokeep out as the South was to keep down; foolish inchoosing the silent Grant to lead to victory the hesitantarmies of the North; foolish, finally, in presuming thatgovernment for the people must be government of thepeople and by the people. . . ."This Lincoln, whom so many living friends and foesalike deemed foolish, hid his bitterness in laughter; fedhis sympathy on solitude; and met recurring disaster withwhimsicality to muffle the murmur of a bleeding heart.Out of the tragic sense of life he pitied where othersblamed; bowed his own shoulders with the woes of theweak; endured humanely his little day of chance power;and won through death what life disdains to bestow uponsuch simple souls — lasting peace and everlasting glory."WE DUB THEE . . .WITH 3,000 monthly address changes driving six girls in the Alumni Office toward apostwar collapse, we can pardon their hystericswhen they occasionally knight a commoner.This month it was the addressograph plate reading "St. Lawrence Bogorad" which inspired a notefrom Lt. Lawrence Bogorad: "Have been sanctified by 'Private Maroon'- — only commissioned bythe Army. The Army is always right."JUST AN ORIGINAL AND TWO COPIESWHEN my new addressograph plate is madeup, please note that 'the third' is written inRoman numerals and not as Capt. Alfred HenryCourt 'the one hundred and eleventh.' My God,most people are bitterly discouraged at thethought that there are three of us, and if per chance your envelope were seen we might have amass movement resulting in national extermination."AAAAnd if you think correct addresses are easilyarrived at, try this: Comphib Tra Lant, N.O.B.,Norfolk. (Commander Amphibious Training Atlantic, Naval Operations Base.) You should decipher it from longhand!QUOTEIN A recent "New Yorker" profile on BeardsleyRuml, PhD '17, Mrs. Hutchins is credited withthe following "academic epitaph" upon his resignation from the Chicago faculty to become treasurer of Macy's department store: "He left ideasfor notions."THE FLORIDA FRONTProof bytrialFLORIDA'S northern and northwestern areas arenot the regions popularized by the Chamber ofCommerce and certainly are not publicized byphotographs of sun-tanned bathing beauties happily riding surf boards.Rather, they are miles of sandy hillocks, scrubby underbrush, and scrawny jackpines; miles which in thevicinity of Pensacola and Santa Rosa Island and Choc-tawhatchee National Forest are dotted with flying fieldsand water and ground ranges for gunnery and bombingpractice.Limited flying began in this area around 1933, and in1937 a field was started some fifty- two miles southeastof Pensacola, named after Colonel Frederick I. Eglin,who had lost his life in an air crash in line of duty.The field slowly grew and, when the government acquired Choctawhatchee National Forest in 1940, plansfor establishing a proving ground command — an extremenecessity for either a peacetime or wartime air force —were put in high gear.The Proving Ground was activated in 1941, but theProving Ground Command, as distinct a unit as any oneof our separate air forces, was not established until Aprilof 1942.How it has grown and the work accomplished may bebest described by quoting from a letter sent to GeneralGrandison Gardner, CG of the Proving Ground Command, by General Giles, Chief of Air Staff:"One of the great events of 1944 was the inauguration of our B-29 bombardment of the Japanese mainland, and any survey of the year's accomplishmentswould pay tribute to the contribution of the Proving Ground Comamnd in this great achievement.<&&¦' By LT. IRA S. GLICK, '42"Your command has undertaken many difficulttasks, but this one was outstanding. The informationand experience gained by the Proving Ground Command (on gross weights, fuel consumption, flyingcharacteristics, and the like) aided mightily in making our B-29 bombardment missions effective fromthe start."Yet in spite of this work and the fact that the Command developed a number of effective combat techniquesof this war, of which minimum altitude bombing, fighterincendiary bombing, and shallow dive bombing are onlya few, the work of the Command has been kept underwraps.Perhaps one of the first public acknowledgments ofsuch work was in the motion picture, Thirty SecondsOver Tokyo, in which the rehearsal of this raid at theProving Ground was admitted.By necessity, much of the work here is highly classified,and the near isolation of the area aids in maintainingsecurity. No cameras are allowed with the exception ofthose handled by the photographic section of the Command. Perhaps in this department only, with the exception of Headquarters offices, may one get a completepicture of the activities at Eglin Field.The B-29's and latest fighter planes that roam theair, the range and gunnery missions, the hundreds oftests going on daily — these all are recorded by the camerasof the photographic section.Daily film showings may run to thousands of feet andover half a million photographic prints have been turnedout in a yearly period. The section has five of its ownphotographic aircraft and a complete staff of officers andenlisted personnel (men and women). All types of cameras, from 35 mm. Leicas to ten-thousand-dollar Mitchell'fcuMftJi;..Testing aluminum landing mats and parachute harnesswith truck simulating dragging movement of the chute.8THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 9motion picture cameras, are in daily use, and photographic missions may run up to fifty or sixty a day.All this work is to aid the mission of the Command,which as stated by its CG is:"The purpose and objectives behind the organization of the Proving Ground are speeding victory forthe AAF in every theater of war. The very existenceof the Proving Ground shows the Army Air Forces'determination to equip its combat units with fightingtools that have been tested and proven worthy. Herethe performance characteristics and capabilities ofthe combat tools of the Army Air Forces — our aircraft, accessories, supplies, and equipment — are subjected to gruelling test with the single purpose ofproving themselves for tactical uses and demonstrating how they may be employed with maximum effectiveness."Nearly 450,000 acres, excluding water areas, of thisFloridian area are devoted to accomplishing this mission.Eglin Field has nine auxiliary airdromes to aid it in itsmission, and the aircraft parked on these field apronsinclude every type in the Air Forces. Basic trainers,captured enemy aircraft, very heavy bombers, heavybombers, medium bombers, fighters, and experimentalaircraft may be seen taking to the air at any time ofday or night.Eglin is not a quiet place. Some mornings one awakensto the sound of aircraft machine guns being tested on thebore sighting range; business is handled through the dayto a background accompaniment of sullen crashes asbombing runs go off; while in a continuous stream aircraft buzz the field control tower, and then climb witha sound like ripping cloth to join the traffic pattern forlandings. At night the skies wink with light flashes.Photographic night tests with flash bombs and nightcameras are regular occuirences.Special equipment, which necessitated testing at Eglinso as to find techniques of use, has included new typerange finders, airborne rockets, and airborne 75 mm.cannon.Requests for tests are channeled through to the Proving Ground Command from the Commanding Generalof the AAF; from the Air Forces Board, located at theAir Forces Tactical Center at Orlando, Florida; fromthe Materiel and Service Command; or from one of thekey officers of the Proving Ground itself.After a request has its initial examination by the Proving Ground Headquarters, the test project is then turnedover to the agency of the Command best qualified for investigation of the project.Upon completion a report is made up which discussesthe quality, efficiency, or usefulness of the test item andrecommends or disapproves its acceptance by the AirForces.Former assistant editor Ira Glick, now a first lieutenant¦ the AAF stationed at Eglin Field, gives us one of thefat views of the Florida proving grounds. This is the path the Air Forces take to assure themselves that no piece of equipment, or no technique ofuse, is adopted until perfected.In three years the Command has conducted more than1,300 test projects, and at present many operational aircraft are assigned. A low pressure firing chamber fortesting ballistic equipment is in use and a climatic hangarwhich dwarfs other installations is in process of construction. This building will simulate weather from the desertto the antarctic, and the cost will run near four million.Information has recently been released stating that theCommand and Eglin Field would henceforth be a permanent station of the Air Forces — a decision whichshould assure continued development of weapons andequipment necessary for maintaining peace and powerin the air for the future.SOLAR STILLDirections for OperationThis still produces fresh drinking water through action ofsunlight. It operates best when sun is bright but will produce a small amount even at night. It will operate on landor water.I. Tie free end of string A securely to raft.2. Wet drain B thoroughly.3. Inflate through tube C and place overboard.4. Fill ballast tube F through cup D until cup stays full.5. Refill cup D whenever water level fills to E.6. String I may be pulled occassionally to keep water-feed G clean.7. Keep still inflated, in the sun, and away from shadows.8. Remove fresh water through tube C at least once aday and keep still upright when lifting.9. If taken aboard at night, hold still inverted until ballast tube F is empty; then open tube C and applypressure on still to deflate.LIBERAL EDUCATION~® By MORTIMER J. ADLERTheory andpracticeDESPITE considerable evidence to the contrary,I still cling to the notion that everyone understands what it means to be a liberally educatedman or woman. If professional educators seem to be amajor exception, it is not because they really do not know,I tell myself, but because the horrible jargon of theirprofession has prevented them from saying plainly whatmust be plain even to them. Even they know that themarks of a liberally educated person are not wealth orrecognition, success in business or marriage, emotionalstability, social poise or adaptation to environment, goodmanners, or even a good moral character.Each of the things I have just mentioned is worthhaving, not in itself or for itself, but for its contribution tothe fullness of a happy life. But none is the direct resultof liberal education, though we may hope that liberal education does not oppose the acquisition and possession ofsome, if not all, of them. The direct product of liberaleducation is a good mind, well-disciplined in its processesof inquiring and judging, knowing and understanding,and well-furnished with knowledge, well-cultivated byideas.In any roomful of people, we would pick out the liberally educated man or woman as the one who manifestsall the goods which belong to the. intellect. These goods —the truth and various ways of getting at the truth — contribute to a happy life; they may even be indispensable, asis good moral character and some amount of wealth; butby themselves they do not make a man happy. A liberallyeducated man, lacking the goods which liberal educationdoes not provide, can be more miserable than those whohave these other goods without the benefit of liberal education. Liberal education is a perilous asset unless otherand independent factors cooperate in the moulding of aperson. It is an asset, nevertheless, both because of whatit contributes — a good mind, which everyone would enjoyhaving — and because a good mind is useful, though neverby itself sufficient, for the acquisition of all other goods.Anyone who thus understands the point of liberal education should recognize three corollaries. (1) Since everynormal being is born with an intelligence that can be disciplined and cultivated, i.e., with! some degree of capacityfor developing a good mind, everyone can be and shouldbe given a liberal education to an extent which equals hiscapacity. (2) No one can be given a completed liberaleducation in school, college, or university, for unlike thebody, the mind's capacity for growth does not terminatewith youth; on the contrary, the mature mind is moreeducable than the immature; therefore, adult educationmust take up where the schools leave off and continue theprocess through all the years of adult life. (3) Schools and colleges may concern themselves with other goodsthan a good mind— in a defective society this may benecessary — but if they do, they do so at the expense oftime and energy taken away from liberal education.Now the chief difference between ourselves and ourancestors, considering even those who lived as late as theend of the 19th century, is not that their educational institutions succeeded in the work of liberal education whileours so plainly fail. The sad fact seems to be that at notime in European history — neither in classical antiquitynor at the height of the middle ages, neither in the renaissance nor in the 18th and 19th centuries — did schools andcolleges, teachers and administrators, do a good job formost of the children submitted to their care; and untilvery recently adults were always left to shift for themselves. In every generation a small number of personsmanaged to get liberally educated, even as today a fewcan, in spite of bad schools and teachers, or lack of them.Learning has always been hard; thinking always painful;and the flesh always weak, weak in the teacher as well asthe student.The chief difference between ourselves and our ancestors is that they, for the most part, talked sense aboutliberal education, whereas we for the most part — I meanour leading educators — do not. Since I have admittedthat our ancestors did not succeed in practice despite theirsound conceptions, does it matter, then, that our institutions are dominated by misconceptions and confusedtheories of what liberal education should be?I think it does matter because I still have hope thatthe difficulties in practice can be overcome, that education can achieve a greater measure of success in factthan history has yet evidenced. To make this hope cometrue, we must think as soundly about liberal educationas our ancestors, and beyond that we must remedy theirdeficiencies or rectify their errors in practice. But unlesswe start by setting ourselves straight on the level oftheory, we shall certainly go backward rather than forward on the level of practice.In the remainder of this brief essay, I must contentmyself with doing two things: first, offer some explanation of how our theory got so confused; second, suggestsome practical changes in our colleges which would indicate that they were willing to undertake the task ofliberal education.It seems to me that our ancestors were able to thinkMortimer Adler, professor of the philosophy of law a*the Law School of the University, has been a most inspiringlecturer before sessions of the Alumni School and has, onseveral occasions, contributed to the Magazine. He is theauthor of a dozen books ("How to Read a Book," How toThink About War and Peace," etc.) and is a regular contributor to the Thomist, the Commonweal, and SocialFrontier. We are delighted to bring you his ideas onwhat is a liberal education.10THE UNI VERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 11more soundly about liberal education because (1) theywere not democrats and hence wrongly failed to recognize that every human being deserves the maximum educational opportunity proportionate to his ability; (2) theconsequences of an industrial economy did not makethemselves fully felt until the middle of the 19th century; and (3) until that time, the wonders of technologyhad not created the religion of science, with the consequent exaggeration of the place of scientific studies inthe curriculum.The third of these factors was responsible for the elective system. The second generated vocationalism. Thefirst led us to suppose that the liberal education whichour ancestors advocated was essentially aristocratic intheory as well as in practice, and so prompted the falseconclusion that there must be some other theory of liberal education more appropriate to a democratic society.It is undoubtedly easier to think soundly about liberaleducation if you are preparing to give it only to the fewwho are favored in natural endowments or economicposition. But democracy is right and we must solve theproblem of giving to everyone the sort of college education which is most readily given to the favored few.The industrial economy is here to stay, for better orfor worse, and we must somehow free the colleges fromthe burden of vocationalism by having other social agencies do whatever may be necessary to fit people into jobs.(What I am saying here about earning a living appliesequally to all the other goods, such as emotional stabilityor moral character, which cannot be achieved by liberaleducation, and therefore should be taken care of by othersocial agencies; or if by colleges, at least outside the curriculum.)Finally, scientific method, knowledge, and ideas, deserve a proper place in the curriculum, together with, butnot out of proportion to, poetry, philosophy, history,mathematics, theology, for all these differently exemplifythe liberal arts; and though we now see that the traditional "classical" curriculum was too exclusively "humanistic" in a narrow sense of that term, the problem isobviously not solved by throwing away or corruptingwhat should have been amplified and thereby invigorated.The practical suggestions I have to offer as therapyfollow from the foregoing diagnosis of the illness of ourcolleges. We must so reform the curriculum, methods ofteaching, and examinations, that we do not mistake theBA. degree as signifying either a completed liberal education or adequate preparation for earning a living orliving a happy.life. It should signify only decent preparation for the continuing task of adult education.A liberal curriculum should, therefore, include no vocational instruction; nor should it permit any subject-matter specialization. In a liberal college, there should"i no departmental divisions, no electives, no separatecourses in which grades are given for "covering" a speci-fied amount of "ground," no textbooks or manuals which MORTIMER J. ADLERset forth what students must memorize to pass true-falseexaminations. The faculty should comprise teachers allof whom are responsible for understanding and administering the whole curriculum; lectures should be kept to aminimum and they should be of such generality that theycan be given to the whole student body without distinctionof year; the basic precept of pedagogy should be the direction of the mind by questions and the methods of answering them, not the stuffing of it with answers; oralexaminations must be used to separate facile verbalizersand memorizers from those in whom genuine intellectualskills are beginning to develop and whose minds havebecome hospitable to ideas. No student should be droppedfrom college because he fails to measure up to an arbitrary standard determined by a percentage of masteryof a subject-matter or skill; he should be kept in collegeas long as he manifests any development of his owncapacities, and lack of such evidence should be interpretedas a failure on the part of the college, not the student.These recommendations are, I know, either negative or• formal. They do not positively or materially prescribethe course of study which should be the curriculum of aliberal college. But if they were all followed, and if afaculty understood the purpose of liberal education, Iwould trust them to devise a curriculum worthy of theB.A. degree — aiming to do what little can be done in college toward the production of a good mind.That would still leave us with four unsolved problems:how to overcome the weakness of the flesh on the partof both teachers and students; how to make what mustbe essentially the same college curriculum work for everylevel of intelligence and every diversity of talent; how toinstitute the sort of schooling which properly prepares allchildren to go to a liberal college; and how to organizeand execute an interminable program of adult liberaleducation to carry ever further what the colleges begin —the motion toward that unreachable goal, the ideal ofthe good mind which would be attained by each individual only if we could exhaust his capacity for knowingthe truth and how te get it.12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETHREE CURRENT BOOKSTHE BATTLE AGAINST ISOLATIONBy Walter Johnson, A.M. '38, Ph.D. '41. Universityof Chicago Press, 1944, 270 pages, $3.00.THE events of these last months have convincedmany of us that the battle "against isolation is over.There is indeed little doubt that the controversywhich divided the American people from the outbreak ofthe second World War to Pearl Harbor will not appear inthe foreseeable future with the particular aspects it showedthen and with the particular arguments pro and conwhich were then advanced. Isolation, as we have knownit in the period between the two world wars, is, however,a symptom of a disease rather than the disease itself.This disease is ignorance of what foreign policy is allabout and of the means by which a nation can pursue asuccessful foreign policy. This ignorance is widespreadin western civilization. The conception of foreign affairswhich British liberalism developed in the nineteenthcentury, and the Maginot line psychology of the Frenchin recent years are cases in point. American isolation ofpre-Pearl Harbor days may be as dead as these Englishand French conceptions of foreign affairs are today; butthis does not assure us that the disease of the politicalmind, of which these conceptions were symptoms, is nowcured once and for all and that those whose eyes werethen blinded to the political realities now see the light.Political blindness is a persistent disease which hasmany symptoms. The neo-imperialism on the one handand the moral perfectionism on the other of some ofour former isolationists are the new symptoms of thesame old disease. It is therefore of the greatest importance for the health of the body politic to keep alive theunderstanding of the prominent features of the disease intheir relation to its changing symptoms. Here lies thecontribution which Professor Johnson's The BattleAgainst Isolation makes to historic and political science.The Battle Against Isolation is mainly a record of theactivities from 1939 to 1941 of the Committee to DefendAmerica by Aiding the Allies. The committee workedunder the leadership and inspiration of William AllenWhite. Professor Johnson is eminently qualified to writeits history since he, as a close friend of the Sage of Emporia and his designated biographer, has had access toMr. White's files as well as to much other unpublishedmaterial concerning the work of the committee. Hiseminently readable book deals only with one phase ofthis fateful struggle where the future of America andof the world was in the balance. Nobody knows how thisstruggle would have ended had the Japanese on December7, 1941, not decided it in favor of America's active participation in the war. However, it will always remaina title of glory for William Allen White and his committee to have recognized, regardless of the accidents ofhistory, where the destiny of the United States lay. Professor Johnson deserves our gratitude for giving us and posterity an intelligent and readable account of this de-cisive phase of American history.Hans J. MorgenthauTHE REBIRTH OF LIBERAL EDUCATIONBy Fred B. Millett, Ph.D. '31. Harcourt, Brace andCo., 1945, 179 pages, $2.00.THE best teachers are a conscientious lot, forever dissatisfied with the work of their hands. Education,they feel, should shape the young for good andhappy lives. But they look at the world about them and itseems their efforts have been in vain. Perhaps they exaggerate the importance of the formal educational process.Almost certainly they underestimate the student's powersof resistance to it. This recalcitrance may not be whollybad, for if the student has been too little influenced byeducation that is good, should we not, however, rejoicethat he has resisted so much that is bad.Formal education, book larnin', is but one and perhapsthe least of the influences which mold the growing boy.The family and the society in which he lives largelydetermine his "values." The hundred best books maydeclare the joys of plain living and high thinking, butthe society in which he lives is devoted to the acquisitionof material things and worships the "bitch goddess Success." Education which will transform our values andlead us to emulate the wise and the good rather thanthe powerful of this world faces an all but insuperabletask.Yet such is the aim, or should be, of a liberal education and it is widely felt in the field of higher education.that to strengthen the teaching of the humanities willcontribute to this end. Science, except as it pursues truthfor its own sake — a particular kind of truth, that is—says and implies nothing of human values. This is thefield in which the humanities are supreme. We mustagree with Prof. Millett that thus far the humanities astaught in our colleges have not lived up to their responsibility.His book is a survey of various educational experimentsthe country over to tackle the job in a new way. Princeton, Chicago, Stanford, Bennington, and many others haveexperimented with altering the curriculum, with providing foundation courses of a cultural character requiredof all, of endeavoring to supervise and direct the individual study more closely, or, as at Chicago, of exposing thestudent to the cultural virus and leaving it to his powersof resistance to nourish or overcome the infection. Whatthe long-time effects of these various experiments may beis conjectural.It is possible, however, to approve or disapprove tHemon one ground or another. Some in their very approachto the problem are more painstaking and humane thanothers, display a deeper concern with the human problemof the poor bewildered youngster seeking something heTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 13doesn't himself know. The Chicago system, Prof. Millettimplies in the comments upon it which he cites fromother critics, errs in the impersonality of its method. Hequotes Prof. Bewkes to the effect: "It is doubtful whetherwe should assume the maturity that the Chicago planrequires." Yet Prof. Millet, who clearly leans over backward in his effort to be just to his old Alma Mater, approves our system of comprehensive examinations, theaims of our English instruction in its intensive study oftexts, and in general the great books theory of culture,though he does not as a humanist should do, I think,establish the "values" by which these great books are tobe chosen.Prof. Millett reports of his interviews with Chicagostudents in English: "I was repeatedly impressed by thestudents' understanding of the objectives and the methodsthat they were experiencing. I doubt very much whetherundergraduates in most other institutions would manifestanything like the same clarity as to the intentions andprocedures to which they were submitting." And againhe writes that Chicago's English department "now givesboth undergraduates and graduate students perhaps themost broadly conceived, if narrowly considered, trainingavailable in the United States." I suspect those words,"if narrowly considered." Prof. Millett is a sly one.He really goes to town in his chapter on the "Personnel in the Humanities." Humanism can be no better thanthose who profess and teach it. The trouble with the humanities is that the professors are dry, academic, narrow-minded pedants who never would have got into the business if they could have succeeded as shoe salesmen. This atleast is true of English teachers, who — I am citing Prof.Millett — rank next to the bottom in the descending scaleof academic intelligence. Teachers of modern languagesare lowest of all. Prof. Millett ranks the English teachersso low naturally because he knows them best and hasan intimate knowledge of the graduate school disciplinesby which the little originality and intellectual curiositythey may once have possessed were dried up within them.Much of his criticism of his fellow English instructorsI fear is true, though severe, and the remedies he suggests are reasonable.I wish to add my own modest suggestion long cherishedbut always brushed aside when I advance it to others.Why, in English at least, should we not offer three whollydifferent approaches to the doctor's degree, one throughlinguistics, one by way of research, and the third culturalin character? There is need for a few English philologists,a few research workers (very few and these chosen onlyafter the most excruciating disciplines), and a large number of broadly trained, truly cultured men and womenprepared to teach English literature with love and understanding. About 95 per cent of our graduate studentsin English should endeavor to qualify for the last group,though how they will ever be let do it by the vested interests in the profession is beyond me.Carl Grabo, '03 CLIMATE OF INDIANABy Stephen S. Visher, '09, Ph.D. '14. University ofIndiana Science Series, 1944, 511 pages.STEPHEN VISHER has written another book. It isa monumental tome of more than five hundred pagesand according to professionals in the field, it shouldserve as a model for climatologists all over the world. Ina review in the American Journal of Science EllsworthHuntington says: "It is an outstanding illustration of theway in which the climate of all parts of the world oughtto be described. In the whole literature of climatologyno other book gives so good a description of a region."To the layman, it is awe inspiring as a scientific study,but both intriguing and interesting as casual reading. Atall times science is in the ascendant but the human touchof the sympathetic and warm blooded investigator is seenall through the book, from its dedication (to the WeatherBureau Cooperative Observers of Indiana) on throughhigh and low temperatures and frost and rain and drouth;through storms of at least five general types to "weatherand crop yields" and "weather and health." IndianaUniversity does not quote a sales price on this volume,but if I were a citizen of Indiana I would find some wayof procuring a copy even though I was forced to writemy assemblyman and use other political influence.C. T. B.HERE WE GO AGAIN): /9A2 iIn 1942 we stacked up $ 94,432In 1943 the pile went to $120,423In 1944 it went even higher. . .$137,485 'This is the encouraging three-year record ofalumni gifts to the University.April and May are always set apart for thecollection of this gift.One thousand alumni from coast to coasthelp bring it to the attention of some 40,000•alumni. (Ten thousand additional alumni arein Service.)Already the little man on the 1945 stack hasstarted piling up the individual gifts. Hewon't be content until he has passed 1944and $150,000.HERE WE GO AGAINONE MAN'S OPINIONQ By WILLIAM V. MORGENSTERN, '20, J.D. '22THE one period of the year in which money andgifts are mentioned to the alumni is at hand, andthe Alumni Foundation is starting to raise itsfourth annual gift. This is an activity not to be overlooked here, because those alumni who read theMagazine constitute the bulk of the subscribers to thegift. That is what would be expected; those who readthe Magazine are most closely in touch with what isgoing on in the University; those who know most aboutthe University are most likely to believe in it to the pointof giving it money. There are few individuals who reallyknow the University thoroughly who do not have faithin it. The record of the University speaks for the pastfifty- three years; more than ever it is today trying to doan honest and sincere job of being responsive to thefundamental needs of the times. One piece of evidencebearing on that determination is that the University, longbefore any of its contemporaries, had both the visionto see what was coming and the will to start making itsadjustments to the kind of world in which it would haveto function. It has done so through a period of depression and a period of war, when there were already plentyof strains without adding those of basic structural change.Those changes obviously had to be made; the Universityof 1945 could not be the University of 1891, because thetimes of the fourth term are not the times of GroverCleveland.One of the changes that has occurred since 1891, andwhich has greatly affected the University, is the changein the character of its support. In Mr. Hutchins' phrase,the University rose to glory on the generosity of John D.Rockefeller. Mr. Rockefeller was followed by his son, bythe Rockefeller boards, and by many other individuals whogave in units of millions. The University grew so complacent while Standard Oil stock was dividing and multiplying like an amoeba that it got to the point that itnever bothered to ask anyone for money until theDevelopment Campaign of 1924-26. Even then it seemsto have been inspired in part by the fact that everyoneelse was doing it. The Development Campaign producedconsiderable money, much of it in important sums. Itwas fortunate this money came in when it did, for itwas only ten years later that Mr. Hutchins had to go tothe General Education Board to demonstrate the needof that life-saving $3,000,000 gift.Mr. Rockefeller represented two important elementsin the rise of the University. The first was the stupendgussums he gave it; the second was that having the beliefin the University that led him to give such amounts, hehad also the faith to let it determine how the money wasto be used. There is another point that might be madeabout Mr. Rockefeller. To labor the obvious, there willbe no more like him; the day in which large amountsof money will come in one bundle are gone. What is worse, from the standpoint of institutions such as theUniversity, the day of the unrestricted gift is going, too.The tendency is to give money for some specific purpose;it is much easier to expand the University by additionof new projects than it is to strengthen and develop thosealready existing. What the University needs most of allis money without any strings, that can be used whereverits purposes require.The University, as recent events such as the inescapable increase in tuition demonstrates, is being pinched.The amount of money given it is decreasing, and theinterest rate — which certainly will be low as long as agovernment with a $300 billion national debt can keepit low — has cut better than the equivalent of a third fromits endowment. The trend toward having the government extend its operations means disadvantage to suchprivate institutions as the University and great advantage to the state universities. Their building will be donefor them after the war, as it was done during the depression, for something like fifty cents on the dollar.There is at least one state university which is planningan expansion that will total more than the entire worthof University of Chicago plant after fifty-three years.The University needs several buildings badly, and notfor new enterprises. But if it chooses the urgently required . College residence halls, it will have to forego theequally urgent administration building, because it willhave to take the cost of building out of its capital, andit can't take very much.Before the last war, the University was one of thebiggest in the country. The great increase in nationalenrolment left it far behind the state universities in size.Loss of size, however, was not important, for there wasno loss in quality. The end of this war will bring amuch more critical question: whether the University ofChicago will drop so far behind, because of lack ofmoney, in the race with the state institutions, that itwill lose its unique function and influence. It would betoo bad if that should happen; it would be bad for thecountry and it would be bad for education, and it wouldeven be bad for the state universities.All this is not new; it has a familiar ring. But it istrue, and it is important. The University needs money;above all it needs unrestricted money, and those fromwhom it can best expect to get that money are the alumni.Of the $137,000 the alumni gave in 1944, $78,600 represented 69 per cent of all the unrestricted money givento the University last year. It may appear that in abudget of eleven million, $78,000 of unrestricted money,or $137,000 in gifts— or even the -$200,000 which oughtto be possible, — is not worthy of notice. The fact is thatsuch money has an importance far greater than its ratioto the budget, for it is the money which will keep theUniversity strong.14CHICAGO'S HOLL DF HONORRear Admiral Don Pardee Moon,SM'22, in the Navy since 1916 whenhe graduated fourth in his class fromAnnapolis, commanded a task forceduring the landings in Normandy.While in command of the Navalforces on the east face of the Cherbourg peninsula, on June 9, a groupof his destroyers intercepted a forceof heavily armed' enemy craft anddrove them off. Secretary of theNavy James Forrestal announced thaton August 5, 1944, Rear AdmiralMoon had died as a result of combatfatigue.Julian H. Givens, '25, M.D. Rush'31, died while in Service at CampSwift, Texas, on April 22, 1943. Aphysician in Seattle for the elevenyears between his graduation at theUniversity and his entry into theService in the summer of 1942, Dr.Givens leaves surviving him a wifeand two children. He was a Phi BetaPi.Lieutenant (j.g.) Arthur W. Klein,'28, J.D. '29, died in Washington,D. C, on June 4, 1944, while serving with the joint Chiefs of Staff.Lieutenant Klein headed his ownChicago law firm specializing in insurance law prior to entering servicein 1942. Showing special aptitudein radar and electronics he receivedtraining in that field from the Army.He was later honorably dischargedfrom the Army and commissioned bythe Navy in order to take the posthe served in until his death.Lieutenant Edward D. Knock,S.M. '32, was killed in a motor vehicle accident in London on August17, 1944. He was a member of theMilitary Intelligence Service and hadbeen in England for about a monthpreceding his death. A teacher ofchemistry and German, LieutenantKnock was also dean of the Marshall- town Junior College, Iowa, prior tohis military service.Private Sam Neivelt, '32, was killedin action in Italy on October 6, 1944.His friend, Lieutenant Orin Tovrov,'32, USNR, wrote of his death as follows: "Friends of Sam Neivelt willbe grieved to hear of his death inaction. . . At the University he majored in philosophy-, but his interestsranged throughout labor relations,mathematics, the literature of manycountries, and particularly the art ofmusic. . . To a small group of menhe was a leader in adventures of themind and a good companion in adventures in living. He knew verywell what the war is about and nowthat he won't be here to help us withthe peace, we must arrange something almost worthy of. him." Mrs.Neivelt is the former Minette T.Greenspahn, '30, and their son istwo years old.Major Stanley F. Jastre, '34, waswounded in action on D-day in Normandy and died on June 6. He wasawarded a Purple Heart posthumously. First sergeant of a howitzercompany for several years before thewar began, Major Jastre had beenreluctant to apply for a commissionbut was made a lieutenant in April,1943. He attended various Armyschools and left for England as majorin the Infantry in May, 1944, to participate in the invasion where he methis death.Lieutenant Ewald M. Rodeck, '35,was killed in action while serving asa Field Artillery officer in Belgiumin October, 1944, two months afterhe began his overseas service. Pasttwenty-eight years of age when heentered Service in July, 1942, Lieutenant Rodeck was placed in the personnel office of the Air Force. Heapplied for -service in a more active branch and was accepted in officerstraining of the Field Artillery. Heleft the United States on August 10,1944, after two years of training.The Purple Heart was awarded himposthumously.William Dewey Davis, '36, M.D.'39, was killed in action in NewGuinea on August 2, 1944. Dr. Daviswas serving as a medical officer withthe 112th Cavalry Division when hewas killed. "To those who knewDewey," his wife writes, "I wish tosay that we are comforted and gathercourage from the knowledge that heknew why he was serving and wantedabove all else to be on the line doinghis full share to destroy Fascism."Lieutenant Arie C. Rempe, M.D.Rush '37, died of coronary thrombosis at Oak Knoll Naval Hospital,Oakland, California, on June 28,1944, after six months of service withthe Pacific Fleet. Lieutenant Rempereceived his naval appointment andcommission in June, 1942. A monthlater he reported for duty at GreatLakes, Illinois, and from there he wasassigned for duty at the U. S. NavalTraining School at the University ofIllinois, where he remained until hisassignment to the South PacificForces in December, 1943. He wasreturned to the United States fortreatment in May, 1944.Lieutenant Lawrence S. Craig, '38,an Infantry company commander,was killed in action in Normandy onJuly 12, 1944. He was commissioneda second lieutenant upon completionof the officers' training program atFort Benning on August 26,, 1942.Before going overseas, LieutenantCraig was assigned to Staff Headquarters of the 8th Infantry Divisionas aide-de-camp to General Walker.When his division crossed to Ireland,Lieutenant Craig was made a com-Edward D. Knock15 Arthur W. Klein16 THE UNI ERSITY OF CHICAGOpany commander. On July 6 he arrived in Normandy, and on the nextday he was at the front lines.Lieutenant Herbert L. Strauss, Jr.,'38, was in command of the minesweeper, YMS 409, reported lost withall hands in a hurricane off the Florida coast in September, 1944. Atthe University, Lieutenant Straussheld the Big Ten Fencing Championship and was a member of LambdaGamma Phi. Before the war he wasan assistant superintendent for theTerminal Freight Handling Company, a subsidiary of Sears, Roebuck.He .received his Naval training atAnnapolis after transferring from theArmy, where he had volunteered in1941.Lieutenant John G. Rahill, commander of an Infantry company, waskilled in action on December 2, 1944,while leading his men in vicious houseto house combat against the Germans in southern France. On theday he was killed Lieutenant Rahilland his men had been in front lineaction for seventy-nine straight daysin France, and behind them in Italythey had left an even more impressive combat record. From the landing at Aj.zio, when many of his menhad been killed, to the landing insouthern France, the twenty-year-oldofficer had seen action in most of themajor Italian engagements, and manyof the minor ones. John was a sophomore at the University when he entered the Service. His mother isMrs. Gerald Rahill (Clara Allen, '12)of Caldwell, New Jersey.Captain Roger C. Nielsen, '39, Infantry officer, died on November 21,1944, of wounds received in action inBelgium three days earlier. In theService since April 1, 1941, CaptainNielsen had been overseas only aboutsix weeks prior to his death. He hadbeen associated with the Ervin A.Rice Company of Chicago and wasthe president of that company whenhe entered Service. At the University MAGAZINEEwald M. Rodeckhe was a member of Delta Upsilonand Owl and Serpent.Lieutenant John David Smith,bomber pilot for the A.A.F., waskilled in an air collision over Eng-land» According to a letter writtenby General Arnold, Dave Smith hadmade a brilliant record as a studentpilot. At the University from 1939to 1942 as a pre-med student, Lieutenant Smith had participated intrack and fencing; he was a memberof Alpha Delta Phi and authored oneof its annual plays. He received hiswings at Yuma in November, 1943,and piloted his own plane and crewacross the Atlantic in July, 1944. Thefatal crash occurred on August 30,1944. Two brothers are Chicagoans— Gordon K. Smith, '31, and MajorRichard Burt Smith, 38.Lieutenant William F. Simon, Jr.,reached an airbase in Italy during themiddle of June, 1944, and in sixweeks participated in thirty missionsover enemy targets. He was killedon his thirtieth mission — a raid onthe oil fields at Ploesti on July 31,1944. He was navigator of a B-24which exploded over Romania. Ofthe ten-man crew, five parachuted tosafety. Lieutenant Simon was amongthe five who were lost. He wouldhave been twenty-one years old justtwo weeks after he was killed. HeJohn David Smith Lawrence S. Craig John G. RahillTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17Charles W. Pfeifferhad been in the Air Corps since heleft the University in February, 1943after two years' work.Lieutenant Charles W. Pfeiffer,'40, M.D. '42, arrived at the Siegfried Line on December 11, 1944,was first reported missing in actionDecember 21, and was reported killedin action December 23, while he wasa prisoner of the Germans. Theprecise cause of his death is unknown.Commanding officer of a front linemedical company, Lieutenant Pfeifferhad been in the Army just seven daysshort of one year when he was killed.He was a Psi U, had been Head Student Marshal of the University inhis senior year, and made Phi BetaKappa. Married to a classmate,Janet Louise Geiger, '40, LieutenantPfeiffer never saw their son, bornOctober 9 at Lying-in.Private First Class William R.Petsche, was killed by a sniper atBrest on September 19, 1944. Inducted on February 22, 1944, PrivatePetsche arrived in France, via Scotland and England, on September 1,1944, and was in action the next dayas a replacement. He was a scholarship student at the University, whichhe attended during 1942 and 1943.Lieutenant Hillard B. Thomas,platoon-leader in the Parachute In fantry, was killed in combat in Franceon September 18, 1944. His companyhad parachuted behind the Germanfines in the invasion of southernFrance in August, 1944. His wifeis also a member of the Armed Services. She is Private Mary E. Thomas,serving with a Signal Service Battalion of the WAC. LieutenantThomas attended Chicago 1938-1941.Private First Class Harry A. Davis,with Lieut. General Patton's ThirdArmy and recipient of two PurpleHearts, was killed in action in Germany on December 12, 1944. Private Davis left the University in 1942after a year's work to enlist in theInfantry. He received his militarytraining at Fort Sam Houston, Texas,and later at Camp Coxcomb. Hislast training base in this country wasat Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania.Second Lieutenant Alexander R.Somerville, '42, was killed instantaneously in action in France on July14, 1944, while his platoon was assaulting an enemy position. Inductedimmediately upon graduation fromthe University, Lieutenant Somervillereceived his officer's training andcommission at Fort Benning, Georgia, and went overseas, first to Northern Ireland in December, 1943. Hecrossed to France shortly after D-dayand was in combat until he waskilled. The Purple Heart wasawarded posthumously.Second Lieutenant John P. Dryden, navigator of an 8th Air ForceFlying Fortress with sixteen missionsto his credit, was killed in action overGermany on May 8, 1944. Holderof the Air Medal with two Oak LeafClusters, Lieutenant Dryden wascommissioned a second lieutenant onOctober 7, 1943, after training atSan Antonio, Alexandria, Louisiana,and the San Marcos Air Base inTexas. He attended the Universityfor two years, 1940 to 1942. Hisfather, Perry Dryden, is a forrherChicago student.a«Jfe Herbert L. Strauss, Jr.John P. DrydenWilliam R. Petsche Hillard B. Thomas Alexander R. SomervilleNEWS OF THE QUADRANGLES~ _• By CHET OPALOut of the WestCOME hail and high water, the University will haveonly the best. The long arm of President Hutchins has gone westward this time to find a newdean of the faculties.He is Reuben G. Gustavson, president of the University of Colorado and well-known scientist, a giant of aman who has fought the frightened bullfrogs of Lilliputand emerged a hero of academic freedom. He is resigning from the western university to return to the University of Chicago and assume the post being vacatedJuly 1 by Vice-President Ernest C. Colwell, who hasanother deanship (the Divinity School) as well as hisvice-presidency to occupy his hours.The Chicago Maroon says Gustavson "gained two degrees at Chicago by bussing tables at Foster and KellyHalls," but this fails to explain his success as a biochemist — for if any experimentation went on in thecampus kitchens during Gustavson's ' University days, itcould not have been of other than a rudimentary sort, justas it is now. Being compelled to listen to all shadowsof opinion from the diners in Kelly and Foster, however,probably prepared him for what might have turned intoa fiasco at Colorado U. recently, when he permittedHarry Bridges, west coast labor leader, to speak oncampus. Some who would not have it so raised a fearful clamor about the speech, but Gustavson stood hisground and was retained in a vote of confidence.A native of Denver, Colorado, where he was bornalmost fifty-three years ago, Gustavson completed hisPh.D. work at Chicago with magnified laude honors in1925. He was invited that year to address the International Conference of Physiology in London on sex hormones. Four years later he came back to Chicago tospend a year as visiting professor of chemistry. Later hetaught at Colorado Agricultural College and at theUniversity of Denver. In 1937 he was appointed professor and chairman of the department of chemistry atColorado U. He has headed the university since September, 1943. ;He is the second university president to resign his postto come to the University of Chicago within the pastfifteen months. The other, Joseph A. Brandt, resigned aspresident of the University of Oklahoma to become director of the University of Chicago Press on January 1,1944."We are fortunate to be able to appoint Mr. Gustavsonto this high administrative post because of his long andwide administrative activities and his distinction as auniversity president," Mr. Hutchins said in announcingthe appointment. "We are fortunate also that he is agraduate of the University of Chicago, has served on its faculty, and is familiar with its affairs. In additionto these qualities, Mr. Gustavson brings to the centraladministration of the University a knowledge of sciencewhich will be most helpful in dealing with the greatand complex scientific problems on which we are engaged." *Spencerian StanzaWilliam H. Spencer, regional director of the WarManpower Commission, has resigned after twenty-oneyears as dean of the School of Business of the University to accept appointment to the newly establishedHobart W. Williams distinguished service professorship.Spencer will teach in the business and law schools andin the social science division, specializing in problems involving the relations between government and industry.He will remain officially on leave to the WMC, however,and during the war emergency will continue to teach onlyin the evening courses of the Executives Program ofthe School of Business."The appointment of Mr. Spencer is important asmarking the University of Chicago's desire to explorea problem of the greatest importance to the nation, therelations between government and industry," PresidentHutchins said in announcing the appointment. "Mr.Spencer obviously is highly qualified because of his distinction as a scholar, the various important offices hehas held, and his present membership in the War Manpower Commission and National Railroad Labor Panel."Commenting on his appointment, Spencer said: "Iam deeply appreciative of the honor involved in thetype of appointment which I have received from theUniversity of Chicago. I welcome the opportunity tospend the remaining years of my academic life in research, writing, and teaching in one of the most important fields of study progressive universities will haveto maintain in the postwar period."Spencer has served as chairman of the Chicago Regional Labor Board and as referee for the NationalRailroad Adjustment Board and the National Mediation Board. He became regional director of the WMCon October 21, 1942.Born in Weaver, Alabama, in 1888, the son of a Methodist minister, Spencer was graduated from BirminghamSouthern College in 1907, remaining as instructor, ofLatjn, and later English, until 1911. He received hisbachelor and law degrees at the University of Chicagoin 1913, where he, like Gustavson, waited on tables. Forseven months after his graduation he was associated witha Chicago law firm. During 1915 he taught law atDrake University, returning to the University of Chicagoin 1916 as instructor in business law. He was made as-18THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19gistant professor in 1919, associate professor in 1922, fullprofessor in 1923, and dean in 1924.During World War I Spencer served in the War Department's ordnance supply school, heading the schoolin 1918 with rank of captain.He is the author of a standard Textbook of Law andBusiness and a Casebook of Law and Business, and monographs on collective bargaining, the National Labor Relations Act, and the National Railroad Adjustment Board.The chair created for Spencer is in honor of the lateHobart W. Williams, a resident of Cheshire, Connecticut,who during the first quarter-century of the University'sexistence stood next to John D. Rockefeller in the list ofits financial benefactors. His gift consisted of real estatein the business district of Chicago.Good FellowshipSix new fellowships for graduate students, each calling for $1,200 annually, have been established at theUniversity of Chicago in honor of William Rainey Harper, founding president. The fellowships are open toanyone with a master's degree or its equivalent workingfor a doctor of philosophy degree at the University ofChicago. First awards will be made April 1 for theschool year beginning next fall. The grants will be renewable each year for those maintaining standards ofexcellence, while six new recipients will be named annually also. The fellowships are the first of their size notto be restricted to any specific school or division of theUniversity, President Hutchins said.Mr. Glamor Pants;Or, Penny Wise But Found FoolishSomething new in the way of college frivolity (acity cousin of the old apple-dunking party) took placeon campus the other day. The students held a carnivalfor the obvious purpose of collecting pennies for theWorld Student Service Fund to help needy students continue their education and the secret purpose of havingfun. An attraction (or distraction) of the evening wasa contest to elect, by penny vote, a student to be designated Mr. Glamor Pants. Mr. Glamor Pants, zoot-suited, reat-pleated, and stuffy in the cuff, was dulyselected from ten men candidates nominated by membersof the women's social clubs on campus. The number ofpennies cast in his favor, and the beneficiary of this highhonor, were both announced at the stroke of midnight.Mr. Glamor Pants strutted out with his masculine courtto a mighty cadenza of clamor and pants. The suspensehad been unbearable. At any rate, forty thousand pencewent into the ballot boxes. Like cream in the coffers.Sloan's LineamentsJohn Sloan, dean of American artists and art teachers,has had singular honors at the University in recent weeks.He delivered a William Vaughn Moody lecture, beingdealt a full house by an enthusiastic University community, and remained long enough to learn that the firstcomprehensive showing ever made of his life's output of etchings was being arranged by the Renaissance Societyon campus. The exhibition of 170 etchings constitutes a"memorial" to a still-living artist and should satisfy Robert M. Coates, art critic of the New Yorker magazine,who suggested a, memorial and was embarrassed by aflood of letters informing him that Sloan was by nomeans dead. Among the statements made by Sloan inthe Moody lecture were the following:"I don't like the idea of the artist working to suit thepublic. I see no improvement resulting from his satisfying the tastes of the crowd. Democracy is a perfect idealfor the practical matters of life but majority rule in cultural matters is not to be trusted. An art jury majorityis generally wrong in its verdicts."The ultra-modern movement has afforded the graphicartist a means of mental and manual technical practice,but no musician would think of hiring a hall to demonstrate the mathematics of composition and finger exercises to music lovers. Nationalism is as harmful to artas to any other scientific or cultural efforts. It preventsbroad human understanding."The painting of 'The American Scene' is good exceptfor the title. We need not revert to the Rogers Groupsnor Godey's Ladies Book of the last century for our pointof view. If an artist paints down to the public he mustimitate the work of others. Competition among creativeartists is an evil, and has its basis in a sense of inferiority.In creative art independence means freedom to produceone's own work. All men are interdependent in oursociety and should be ready to recognize that fact. Thecreative artist must nevertheless have freedom and independence to produce his own work."The Coming GenerationMarch 1 saw the 40,000th baby born in Lying-in Hospital since the building was opened on campus May 25,1931. The child was normal: weighed 7 lbs. 2 l/z oz.;sex, female (which may account for her smiling intophotographers' cameras). Actually, the girl was the133,763rd baby born since the founding of the maternityhospital off campus in 1895 by the late Dr. JosephDeLee. Compare that number with the population of,say, Norfolk, Virginia — 144,000. It may as well be mentioned here as not — but whether or no you believe in theequality of sexes is, as Edna St. Vincent Millay says, "idle,biologically speaking," for there were only seven moreboys ushered into the world at Lying-in last year thangirls (1,794 to 1,787). Among them were thirty-threesets of twins, and more than one-fourth of the motherswere servicemen's wives.Veterans on CampusOne hundred and eighteen World War Tl veterans,including a survivor of the carrier Lexington, at least onePurple Heart recipient, and seven women, are enrolled atthe University today. Twenty-five of the veterans areregistered in the College.Ranging in age from 20 to 42 years, the veterans are20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEscattered about campus, but concentrated in largest numbers in the social science, humanities, and physical sciencedivisions and the School of Business. Twenty-five or 19per cent of the group are working toward a Ph.D. Atotal of six are in the medical and law schools. Twenty-three are studying for master's degrees. One is studyingfor a doctor's degree in the Divinity School. He was formerly an Army chaplain in the South Pacific.The veterans on campus have organized the Universityof Chicago Veterans' Council for World War II veterans now enrolled in the University and World War Ifaculty members. Purpose of the council, as defined inthe preamble of its constitution, is to contribute to thesuccessful conclusion of the war and maintenance of postwar security, develop new ideas and interpret social trendsas they affect the community and the veteran, cooperatewith the administrators of public laws relating to veterans, and provide an opportunity for contact amongveterans. The immediate goal of the council will be thereadjustment of individual veterans returning to civilianeducation life.The Professors TravelAt the instance of the U. S. Department of State, Dr.Clay G (sic) Huff, professor of parasitology, has beeninvited to be a guest investigator of the Institute of PublicHealth and Tropical Disease of Mexico City and will beon leave during March and the first two weeks of April.Dr. Huff is known for his research in the field of malariawith special investigation of mosquito transmissions andlife cycles.J. Fred Rippy, professor of American history, has beenappointed Walker Ames visiting professor at the University of Washington, Seattle, for the spring quarter.One of the nation's foremost authorities on Latin American history, he will teach the history of that region covering the period from 1900 to the present.Choir Director SchrothGerhard Schroth, new director of the University choirand director of chapel music, who has taken the positionvacated by Mack Evans, announces that future plans forthe choir include appearances with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra on March 30 and 31.Formerly director of music at station KFUO in St.Louis and director of music at Concordia College inMilwaukee, Wisconsin, Mr. Schroth has been workingwith church choir groups since 1936. The MilwaukeeLutheran a capella choir appeared in Rockefeller Memorial Chapel under his direction several years ago.Born in Mayville, Wisconsin, almost thirty years ago,Mr. Schroth holds a bachelor's degree in music fromMilwaukee State Teachers College."Mack Evans has certainly built a splendid organization in his seventeen years at the University of Chicago,"Mr. Schroth said. "He has endowed his students with anappreciation of fine music." In their appearance withthe Chicago Symphony, the ninety members of the choirwill include portions of Bach's St. Matthew's Passion. Chinese Culture ScholarshipsA Chicago poetess and a Washington, D.C, couplehave been awarded the first Chinese culture scholarshipsgranted at the University under the auspices of the Chinese Ministry of Education. The scholarships, carryinga $1,500 annual stipend, were established at Chicago andfive other major American universities last November topromote and strengthen cultural relations between Chinaand the United States. Those receiving the initial awardswere Miss Jeremy Ingalls, poetess, who lives near theUniversity, and Mr. and Mrs. Joseph LeRoy Davidsonof Washington, D. C, well-known for their contributionsto art journals on Chinese art.Miss Ingalls is the author of two books. In 1941 shewas awarded the younger poets prize by Yale Universityfor her book, The Metaphysical Sword. Her latest work,Tahl3 an epic poem, will be a spring publication of AlfredA. Knopf. For the manuscript Tahl, she was awardeda Guggenheim fellowship in June, 1943, and in May,1944, she was presented with a $1,000 award of theAmerican Academy of Arts and Letters. Mr. Davidsonis an analyst with the War Department and a formerassistant director of the Walker Art Gallery in Minneapolis. His wife, a former critic of The Art News, Inc.,is now associated with the American Council of LearnedSocieties in Washington, D. C.FOURTEEN YEARS ON THE AIR(Continued from page 3)taneous and unrehearsed" has been dropped. The program is still ad lib (except occasionally when a full orpartial script is used) ; but the participants meet for fouror five hours on Saturday night and they go through arecorded rehearsal Sunday morning which is played backto them for criticism and improvement. The Round Tableis still a "professor's program" since more than three-quarters of the participants are academic men. It is arule that each week's panel must include one Chicagoprofessor, but a little less than half of all participantsare members of the Midway faculty. Since 1938 morethan three hundred different individuals have participated.Subscribers to the printed weekly transcript now number more than 7,000. Requests for single copies rangefrom an average of 1,000 weekly to as high as 7,000 onsome broadcasts. Since 1938 more than one million copieshave been sold. One of the most frequent sources ofrequests for the transcript are Army and Navy groupsdesiring Round Table discussions for use in orientationand discussion programs. One of the most unusual requests came in 1943 from a book-store in Moscow fortwo copies of the program, "Little Business What Now?"The essential purpose and the basic method of theRound Table remain the same. The immediate purposeis to clarify important issues of public policy. The longerrange purpose is to provide a model for the discussion ofissues of public policy. The method is to bring togetherthe most competent authorities in a point for point discussion of the issue.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21NEWS OF THE CLASSES? IN THE SERVICE ?Comdr. David H. Hammer, '15,has served five years in this war,wandering through Africa, SouthAmerica, and the far Pacific, and atpresent is pretty busy helping set upone of the large bases in the Marianas, "on the road to Tokyo." Hesays that this is his last war. He isglad he remained active in the Reserve between wars because he certainly would have wanted to be inthis one, and he got off to a goodstart. His daughter, Eleanor Hammer Suiter, graduated from the U. in1941, and he has another about readyfor college.Lt. Comdr. Harold E. Woods, '23,has returned to the U.S. after eighteen months' duty with Navy B-24'sin the Solomons, New Guinea, andAdmiralties.Nanine Steele Bixby, '24, has become a WAC and is in training atDes Moines, Iowa. She met her husband, Col. Lawrence Bixby, while hewas teaching R.O.T.C. at U. of C.during 1922-24, and they have livedin the Army service for the lasttwenty years. The Bixbys' son, Bradford, is at O.C.S. at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, in the Field Artillery, like hisfatherCapt. Paul Patchen, '25, MD '30,is on the surgical staff of TriplerGeneral Hospital on Oahu, HawaiianIslands.Comdr. William Eagleton, JD '26,is "an oil and gas peddler in the western Pacific." He has a fine ship, aFleet oiler, and while they try toavoid the trouble, their customers arethe "figh tinges t bunch of ships in theworld." He has met in Iceland and inthe Pacific a couple of U. of C. classmates and several former students,"all doing fine jobs in the Navy."Lt. Col. Harold Thomas, '26, spentThanksgiving in the Philippines andthe holiday there was not even areasonable facsimile of the season athome. With a monthly rainfall offifteen to thirty inches, the problemsin the SWPA are not difficult exceptfor transportation in a sea of mud.They have a "Mississippi Riversteamer on order, and plan to runit over the roads, depending on thepaddles to dig the ditches along thesides!" Nelson Sayre, PhD '28, isthere with the colonel, having beenloaned by the War Department as aspecialist in geology and water supply.Major Harry L. Baker, AM '28, has been assigned to non-militaryeducation in the Army Air Forcesin charge of policy formation,p 1 a n n i ng, and general supervision and is in Washington,DC. He plans to return to theU. of C. campus after the war forpostdoctoral refresher work in highereducation and teacher education, before returning to Drake Universityas dean of the College of Education.Capt. Michael B. Dunn, '31, ischief of the psychological branch ofthe Army Ground and Service Forcesredistribution station at MiamiBeach. He and his staff have beeninterviewing returned veterans andhave evolved a pattern of the "returnee mind" regarding their attitudetoward the home front. Much ofwhat is in that mind, Dunn believes,is the result of romanticizing the goodand exaggerating the evil of the homefront while living in a far-away placeunder military conditions. However,the classification office finds the majority of the returnees "basically andemotionally sound."Lt. Ross V. Parks, MD '32, recently reported for duty at the U.S.Naval Hospital at Long Beach, California, following twenty monthsaboard ship in the Pacific.Chaplain Leonard M. Outerbridge,AM '33, is serving with the RoyalCanadian Navy. He writes that themost "recurrent news is the close integration and team play among thecombined forces of Britain, UnitedStates, and Canada and our Allies.Seeds sown by such projects as International House on the U. of C.campus are bearing fruit and victory."Keith Parsons, '33, JD '37, hasreceived his Army majority at theChicago Ordnance District, where heis serving as assistant chief of thelegal division. Prior to entering activeservice in May, 1942, he was associated with the firm of Ross and Wattsin Chicago.Capt. William I. Boudro, '33, wentto France from England last August.His unit, a colored truck company,hauls supplies from docks to within100 miles of the front. When writing,they were camped in a cow pasture —and leading a rugged, healthy life.But they are all looking forward tobeing a soft civilian again.Capt. Lawrence Lewy, '34, JD '36,is in Belgium, after seeing action inGermany and having had the opportunity to visit London and Paris POST-WAROPPORTUNITIESFORTECHNICALLY TRAINEDGRADUATESIf you are a technically-trainedgraduate of the class of 1941, 1942,1943 or 1944 ... if you enteredmilitary service without previousindustrial connections . . . TheProcter & Gamble Co. has a message of interest for you.For many years, college men havemade careers for themselves withthis Company in the departmentsof Production Management, Chemical Research and Development,Plant Maintenance, and Mechanical Design and Development.A.s America's largest manufacturersand processors of soaps, glycerineproducts, and vegetable fats andoils, this Company operates 29factory and mill units in the UnitedStates and Canada. Each workingday these plants produce one million dollars worth of soap, shortening and oil.During the past 15 years an average of one factory each year — athome and abroad — has been added.Post-war plans are to continue thisgrowth and to expand Companyoperations into new factories withnew products and far-reachingtechnical developments.Procter & Gamble has been builtby men coming up through thebusiness. Factory Superintendentsgenerally are young men. The Company believes in developing itsmain group of executives insteadof hiring them from the outside.We do not wish to distract yourattention from your present veryimportant assignment. But whenyou are ready to return to civilianlife, we should like the opportunityto discuss with you the industrialopportunities this Company has tooffer.PROCTER & GAMBLEINDUSTRIAL RELATIONS DIVISIONCINCINNATI 17. OHIO22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESylvia Gordon, AM "43, has been inHawaii for several months serving thearmed forces as an American RedCross hospital social worker.on special duty. Brothers Lt. Col.Everett Lewy, '25, JD '27, is instructing in advanced courses at the FieldArtillery School at Ft. Sill, Oklahoma, and Major Robert B. Lewy,'30, MD '35, is stationed in the Statesafter three years in the Pacific. Parents of the Lewys are Dr. AlfredLewy, MD Rush '98, and Mrs. Lewy(Minnie Barnard, '01) — certainly anall-out U. of C. family!Presently stationed in the GrandDuchy of Luxembourg, Lt. Col. Ewing L. Lusk, '35, finds it picturesque,progressive, self-sufficient, and agrand little country gratefully delivered from four years incorporation into the German Reich. "Asidefrom some rather neat sniping byGerman artillery at my jeep," thecolonel writes, "front line tension hasso far passed me by."Capt. Wilbur S. Hogevoll, AM '36,BD '37, of the Chaplains Corps,served with the Coast Artillery, Engineers, and lastly, with the good oldInfantry. He was evacuated from thecombat zone in New Guinea as apatient last November and is at Tor-Serving the Medical ProfessionSince 1805V. MUELLER & CO.SURGEONS' INSTRUMENTSHOSPITAL AND OFFICEFURNITUREORTHOPEDICAPPLIANCES•Phone Seeley 2180, all departmentsOgden Aye., Van Buren andHonore StreetsChicago 12 Mary K. Browne, former Nationaland Wimbledon tennis champion,supervises a Red Cross club in Australia serving 3,000 daily.ney General Hospital in California.In this country after a circuit ofthe globe, crossing the equator fourtimes, and "other dull stuff," Lt.Arthur H. Leonard, '36, is more convinced than ever that "America isGod's country." He's close to homefor a change and loves it.Pvt. Martin Medow, '36, is sweating out trench-foot and his dispositionin an English hospital.Harryet Browne Powell, '36, hasarrived in England to serve the armedforces as an American Red Crossstaff assistant. Until her Red Crossappointment Mrs. Powell taught atGross high,, school in Victoria, Texas,and previously in Austin. She is oneof 200 Negroes now serving overseas with the Red Cross.Capt. William J. Tancig, '38, SM'39, has been in France since the be-PETERSONFIREPROOFWAREHOUSE•STORAGEMOVING•Foreign — DomesticShipments55th & ELLIS AVENUEPHONEMIDway 9700 Elizabeth Essington, '40, is in England with the Red Cross. She is thedaughter of Thurlow G. (JD '08) andDavie Hendricks Essington, '08.ginning, doing airfield constructionwork.Out in Pratt, Kansas, Capt. Donald C. Carner, '39, is making preparations for future operations againstJapan. He is staff navigator for aB-29 unit.After teaching weather at the University's Institute of Meteorology fora year, Capt. William Plumley, '40,SM '41, finds himself in the unfortunate predicament- of having toforecast it in the Marianas.Elizabeth Best, SM '40, on leavefrom the staff of the Raymond Foundation, has been promoted from ensign to lieutenant (j.g.) in theWAVES.During his forty months of seaduty, Lt. Louis Fuchs, '40, has compiled 2600 hours of flying time inBlue and Black Cats, but is seriouslythinking of anticipating shore duty."Any naval aviator desiring a littletour at sea, will kindly submit intentions to the Navy Department," headds.Sgt. Jack London, '41, has foundit very interesting meeting many peo-TREMONTAUTO SALES CORP.Authorized DealerCHRYSLER and PLYMOUTH6040 Cottage GroveMid. 4200Used Car DepartmentComplete Automobile RepairsBody Shop — Paint ShopSimon/zing — WashingGreasingTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23pie in Belgium with varied backgrounds and ideas.Lt. Harold (Bud) Aronson, '41,JD '42, is in the Infantry serving withGen. Patton's Army. He recentlymade a bit of history. "When the3rd Army was pushing from thesouth in the 'battle of the bulge,' wekept looking for units coming fromthe north. Well, who should makethe actual contact but me and myplatoon. I had an outpost and weran into units of the British Army.I was never so glad to see a Tommyin all my life. I wish the Russianswould come over the hill that way.I took the British CO all the wayback to our divisional headquartersand it was quite thrilling." Bud hopes,however, that the horror will soonbe over. "Wounded and dying, filth,freezing cold, and living in foxholes— these things do quite a bit to aman."Capt. Carl A. Gebuhr, MD Rush'41, is "just sitting someplace in theAssam province, India."Ensign Warren B. Pursell, '42, afterrunning around the north and southAtlantic, touching Europe, Africa,and South America, wound up in theAleutians on another destroyer escort as anti-submarine warfare specialist. He is somewhere else now,however.Lt. Alfred P. Dennis, '42, is livingin the French quarter of New Orleans— an atmosphere quite different fromthe Southwest Pacific, where he spentnineteen months. His work is veryactive as it is issuing orders to thehost of new construction landingships in those parts.Lt. (j.g.) Blossom Willens, '42,hasn't been to sea yet. She is still inTrenton, New Jersey, as Bureau ofAeronautics representative, EasternAircraft. "We buy the carrier-basedAvengers for the U.S. and RoyalNavies and deliver them out to theFleet — the rest we read in the newspapers," she writes.Albert Teachers' Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 1886. Placement Bureau formen and women in all kinds of teachingpositions. Large and alert College andState Teachers' College departments forDoctors and Masters; forty per cent of ourbusiness. Critic and Grade Supervisors forformal Schools placed every year in largenumbers; excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics, Business Administration, Music, and Art, secure finepositions through us every year. PrivateSchools in all parts of the country amongour best patrons; good salaries. Well prepared High School teachers wanted for cityand suburban High Schools. Special manager handles Grade and Critic work. Sendfor folder today. Wasp Rosalie Phillips, '43. BrotherArnold, a major; sister Florine Mancib,a deactivated Wasp; and mother,Jeannette Thielens Phillips, '14, are allChicago alumni.T/3 Orville Kanouse, '42, has returned to the "Hawaiian Islands afteralmost a year on the Marshalls. Heis enjoying the sight of grass andtrees and a change in diet from C-rations. Drinking his first glass offresh milk in over a year was reallyan event.Lt. (j.g.) Joseph Jacobson,. '42, hasbeen transferred again — now to theAdmiralty Islands. He's doing thesame thing — aviation ordnance.Lt. William N. Lyons, PhD '42, asa brigade chaplain in the Navy, hasbecome a bishop. Like all bishops'positions, the title is more impressivethan the job, he writes.W/O Henry A. DeWind, '42, findsconditions and atmosphere in thePhilippines far superior to those ofNew Guinea and the Dutch EastIndies. He hopes to keep moving ""aslong as the Japs are in such a hurryto revisit Tokyo."Following an "unforgivable" stayin casual camp in New Guinea, Cpl.Marshall P. Katzin, '42, had a chanceto see civilization again while attending school in Australia before headingfor the Philippines, where he is atpresent.Lt. Robert O. Weedfall, '42, is witha medium bomber outfit in France.He will never forgive himself for notDEPORTED missing last summer,l» word has been received atAlumni House that Capt. HymanB. Copleman, MD Rush, '34, of theArmy Medical Corps, has recentlyescaped from Nazi imprisonment.He has been awarded two SilverStars, two Bronze Stars, and twoPurple Hearts. Capt. Coplemanentered the service in June, 1942. taking French at the University. Butwho would have thought, he writes,that he would be over there six yearsago. "They say the quickest way toChicago is through Japan, so I hopethis coming year sees me in China,"he adds.M/Sgt. Gordon P. Martin, '44, ison his way back Jo the University"via Tokyo," and he hopes it won'tbe much longer. He is with the Antiaircraft Artillery in the Pacific andhis work keeps him rather tied down.In that climate, though, it's better tobe' busy than to think about theheat, he writes.Pvt. Kathryn Jeanne Cleary, '44,writes: "After six weeks of boot camp,I thought my chances of survival inthe Marine Corps were good, andthen when a month of mess dutyfollowed that, I still managed tokeep my morale up, even at CampLejeune, North Carolina. Those potsand pans stacked up pretty high, too.Now, however, I am in what welaughingly call sunny California,working for PRO, strictly as a menial. Unfortunately, since I am theonly private in the office, it evolvesupon me to serve another month ofmess duty next month, it being- inthe nature of things that someonefrom this office must. Despite allthis, I still am pleased to have joinedthe Marine Corps, and am not yetsorry as everyone told me I wouldbe."Pfc. Robert M. Edwalds completedhis freshman year at the U. in 1943.He was rejected by the draft boardfor physical disability but immediately afterwards entered the hospitalfor surgical correction of the defect,and volunteered for induction in October, 1943. He trained at Ft. Ben-ning and later at Ft. Bragg, and wasin France less than three weeks whenhe was wounded with shrapnel fromGerman mortars. He was hospitalizedin France for two months and hasbeen awarded the Purple Heart. Edwalds has been recommended for aBronze Star.HIGHEST RATED IN UNITED STATES¦ ENGRAVERS ^ SINCE 1906 + WORK DONE BY ALL PROCESSES ++ ESTIMATES GLADLY FURNISHED +* ANY PUBLISHER OUR REFERENCE +pRAYNERi• DALHEIM &CO.2054 W. LAKE ST., CHICAGO.24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECpl. Joseph L. Thompson, graduate student before his induction, isvery homesick for the University andone of his fondest hopes is to returnjust as soon as the fracas is over. Heshall bring his English wife with him.Incidentally, he reports, she is the"grandest girl in the world" and heis trying to convince her that she, too,should take a few courses at the U.of C. He thinks he may win her oversoon.THE CLASSES1902Maurice Mandeville has been reelected to serve as president of theChicago Mercantile Exchange for athird term.1903Mrs. Arthur B. Fairbank (LorenaKing), formerly of Sioux Falls, SouthDakota, now lives in Washington.D. C, where she has purchased ahome at 1318 Thirty-third Street,N.W.191!Matilda Fenberg has announcedthe opening of her new office in Chicago for the general practice of law.She holds a law degree from Yale. SINCE his retirement in 1936 as dean of the School of Physical Educationand Athletics at Penn State, Hugo Bezdek, '07, has by no means lived'the normal life of a retired professor, or even a retired football coach, forthat matter. With Mrs. "Bez" he resides on his Bucks County farm near)Doylestown, Pennslyvania. Eight years ago he bought 200 White Leghorns"as a hobby." The hobby has grown to a full-fledged business. He nowfeeds a flock of more than 4,000 on his White Eagle Farm. Happy andhearty, Bez does not live the life of a gentleman farmer. His chickens keephim on the go from twelve to fourteen hours a day. Sixty years old on AprilI , he is in perfect health, and can hoist a hundrecl pound bag of feed! on hisshoulder with the greatest of ease.1 -TT XL JJ \J \J JX O 1 \J t\ Jj mail lately reads like an alum secretary's "newsy bits" concerningwhat you have been doing since leaving school. We are more than pleased at the friendly and heart-warmingletters that are coming in response to the ad that appeared in the January issue.For the benefit of those of you who did not see the ad, we repeat that even though you may be too faraway to browse about the store as you once did, if you see a book review or hear of some book you wouldlike to have, remember you are as near to us as your mail box or telephone.If any of you would like to be put on the list to receive our monthly booklet, Good Books That Are Current, just drop a card. This booklet describes in some detail the best of the new fiction and non-fiction. Afew of the important titles we are selling on campus and recommending are listed below:FULL EMPLOYMENT IN A FREE SOCIETY by William H. Beveridge.$3.75THE DREAM OF DESCARTES by Jacques Maritain $3.00THE THURBER CARNIVAL by James Thurber $2.75STEPHEN HERO by James Joyce $3.50TEACHER IN AMERICA by Jacques Barzun . .' $3.00BLACK BOY by Richard Wright $2.50WARS I HAVE SEEN by Gerturde Stein $2.50GUIDE TO THE PEACE edited by Sumner Welles $3.75For your convenience and because you are alumni of the University we will open a charge account withno questions asked. If you are within telephoning distance call Midway 0800, Local 213, and ask for Mr.Irwin. If you write, send your letter to:THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis Avenue, Chicago 37SBBBSSSS^SBSBBB9BBSBBSBSBt^SSSBBSSB9BES9SSeSB^IBBBBESBBBlTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOHOWARD F. NOLANplastering. brickcement WorkREPAIRING A SPECIALTY5341 S. Lake Park Ave.Telephone Dorchester 1579TINY TOTSTERILIZEDDIAPER SERVICEE7475rif st. PLAza8464A. T. STEWART LUMBER COMPANYEVERYTHING inLUMBER AND M1LLWORK7855 Greenwood Ave. Vin 9000410 West I llth St. Pul 0034H. R. Baukhage and Rudy Matthews had an abbreviated reunion inOrlando, Florida, when Baukhagewent there for a short course given especially to radio and news men at thetactical air school.Nathaniel Peffer is completing amanuscript on America's role in history for the Carnegie Foundation andColumbia University, which grantedhim leave from his professorial duties.for the purpose.Richard Myers is with the veryhush-hush OSS somewhere inEurope.1912Frances L. Swain, AM '41, retiredin January as director of householdarts in the Chicago public ^ schoolsafter serving for seventeen years incharge of home-making courses for26,000 students. Miss Swain has beenresponsible for the direction and leadership of such courses in all Chicagohigh schools in which girls are enrolled, in vocational and trade centers with girl divisions, and in elementary schools with home economicscourses. Under her direction the curriculum in household arts was builtup and revised, and with her helpthe home arts suites in the highschools have become models imitatedthroughout the country.1915Roderick Peattie, professor of geography at Ohio State, writes of hisnew work with the OWI in Johannesburg, South Africa: "Not only is"the Union something different intel lectually from the U.S., but the tasksthat are assigned me are all new.I was to lecture about the country,but the office here was left withoutproper direction so that much of mytime has been taken up with administering a force of fifteen to twentypeople, about half South Africans.We run a library here in Johannesburg and are about to put one inat Cape Town. We have a newsdepartment which feeds news to thepress and also puts out publications.We cause to be distributed a greatmany publications sent us from theStates. We have a regular photoservice and also receive them by radioat a station about seven miles outof town — the only station of its kindin the Union. We deal in radio andmovies. Indeed, all of us double inbrass. But I do lecture about, goingto Durban or Bloemfontein or suchplaces for a week. I meet the towndignitaries, I lecture to a half a dozenorganizations, and I admire — andthere is much to admire. I have myproblems. Not all is milk and honey.A liberal has certain obstacles in thiscountry. Part of my task will be tobring facts of this little known landback to America. To that end I amto have a car and tour many noteasily reached places. The land hasgreat beauty and a romantic sweep.The mines themselves are a greatshow. From this 6,000-foot plateauI have gone 800 feet below sea level,where the temperature is kept down to90° by forced air, I have sat on steepsin the high veld and sung 'JonnnyWith a Wooden Leg.' I have chasedgame over the plains with a car. Thewidebeeste are a pest and I shot twofor the native pot while down on thelow veld of Swaziland. There onecould see three and four herds of different game at one moment. I havehad a weekend with a political leaderat his 6,000-acre farm high in theOPENINGInteresting part-time employmentat home for a stenographer who iscapable of assisting in the preparation of manuscripts concerning subjects related to the arts.Someone with a background inart history or in classical studiesand who can serve also as a readerwill be preferred..Write, giving qualifications, toRoom 920, 43 East Ohio Street,Chicago, Illinois. MAGAZINE 25T. A. REHNQUIST CO.\. 7 CONCRETE\w/ FLOORS\r\r SIDEWALKS\\ V MACHINE FOUNDATIONSw EMERGENCY WORKv ALL PHONESEST. ISO Wentworth 44226639 So. Vernon Av«.MEDICAL BOOKSof All PublishersThe Larqest and Most Complete Stock andall New Books Received a$ soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEAKMAN'S• Chicago Medical Book Co.)Conqress and Honore StreetsOne Rloek from Rusb Medical CollegeBOYDSTON BROS., INC.UNDERTAKERSSince 18924227-29-31 Cottage ©rove Ave.All Phones OAKIand 0492Drakensburg. I shall go to the Capeearly in the year and take the gardenroute to Port Elizabeth, 'talking myway' along. I came over somewhatskeptical of the value of much of thework of the OWI. But I have become convinced of its value."1917Bertha M. Stearns, AM '22, hasretired from the English departmentat Wellesley College.Newton H. Carman, AM, DB '18,has accepted a call to the CommunityChurch at North Bend, Washington.1920Fall lecturer for the Society ofSigma Xi at the University of Southern California was Arthur H. Stein-haus, SM '25, PhD '28, chief of thedivision of health education and physical fitness for the U.S. Office ofEducation. He spoke on "The FourFreedoms of Fitness." It was a properlecture, delivered in the idiom of theday, in line with Dr. Steinhaus' recent efforts at a program of publiceducation through popular presentation of scientific material on healthin such magazines as Coronet, Reader's Digest, Saturday Evening Post,and Esquire.1921Olive Hutchinson* Kries, SM '25,has been teaching biology at CentralMichigan College for the past tenyears. She was promoted last Julyfrom instructor to assistant professor.James I. Dolliver, JD, lawyer ofFt. Dodge, Iowa, is serving as a member of the national Congress.26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHONORED BY NATIONAL PRESSROLLIN D. HEMENS, '21,and books have grown uptogether from high school dayswhen he sold them in his dad'sdrug store at Ionia, Michigan.Rollin entered the University afterhe had served in the ambulanceunit of the 77th Division andhelped evacuate the wounded ofthe Lost Battalion in the firstWorld War.As a Chicago student he renewed his association with booksby getting a part-time job in thebook section of Marshall Field's.After graduation there was a shortperiod when he tried banking withthe Harris Trust Company. Buta year later he deserted bonds forbooks and joined the staff of theUniversity Press.Today, behind the assistant director's desk stacked high withbooks and manuscripts, RollinHemens helps to supervise thedestinies of the oldest and mostsuccessful university press. (Let'snot have fan mail challenging this statement!) In January he washonored with the presidency ofthe American Association of University Presses, the oldest publishing trade association in thecountry. None of this interfereswith Rollin's weekends, which arespent curled up in front of a bigfire in his Dune Acres cottage witha good book.Arthur Bevan, PhD, was electedin 1944 as a result of an AssociatedPress poll of editors as "The Manof the Year in Science in Virginia."He is a vice-president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.In June of 1942 Howard K. Bealetook leave from his professorship ofhistory at the University of NorthCarolina to spend a year placing incolleges east of the west coast theAmerican-born, American citizens ofJapanese ancestry whom the government had evacuated from the westcoast into concentration camps,American style. The National Japanese American Student Relocation Council, for which Beale worked in1942-1943, placed 2500 of these Niseiin colleger in the east, middle west,and mountain states, and either provided or arranged for their support.Since the summer of 1943 Beale hasbeen in Chicago using the facilitiesof the University to gather materialfor a forthcoming life of TheodoreRoosevelt, which he is writing for theAmerican Political Leaders seriesedited by Allen Nevins and publishedby Dodd, Mead and Co. The Beales(Mrs. Beale is the former GeorgiaRobison, '26, AM '28) expect toreturn to the University of NorthCarolina next summer. Their secondson, Henry Barton Robison, wasBIENENPELDGLASS CORP. OF ILLINOISChicago's Most Complete Stock ofGLASS1525W. 35th St. PhoneLafayette 8400 plari&tone ©ecorattng&ertncePhone Pullman 917010422 ftfjouea gfre., Cfjicago. 311.EASTMAN COAL CO.Established 1902YARDS ALL OVER TOWNGENERAL OFFICES342 N. Oakley Blvd.Telephone Seeley 4488 Ajax Waste Paper Co.2600-2634 W. Taylor St.Buyers of Ahy QuantityWaste PaperScrap Metal and IronFor Prompt Service CallMr. B. Shedroff, Van Buren 9230 BOYDSTON BROS.All phones OAK. 0492operatingAuthorized Aftbulance Servicefor Billings HospitalUniversity Clinics, etc.CADILLAC EQUIPMENT EXCLUSIVELYThe Best Place to Eat on the South SideCOLONIAL RESTAURANT6324 Woodlawn Ave.Phone Hyde Park 6324BEST BOILER REPAIR & WELDING CO.- 24-HOUR SERVICELICENSED - BONDEDINSUREDQUALIFIED WELDERSHAYmarket 79171404-08 S. Western Ave.. Chicagoborn last July 14 in Chicago. Thebaby is the grandson of Henry BartonRobison, PhD '07, and great grandson of Leroy Howard Kennedy, MDRush '55.1924Mrs. Edward P. Harrison (Catharine Gault) is teaching Spanish at theCalumet high school in Chicago.1925William T. Brady is with the CornProducts Refining Company and recently transferred from Argo, Illinois,to New York City.1926A dictionary of the early Spanishlanguage has been a book greatlyneeded by scholars in the UnitedStates and in the Spanish speakingcountries. Work on such a dictionaryhas now been completed by fiveAmerican scholars, one of whom isAlice Banner Englewood 3181COLORED HELPFACTORY HELPSTORESSHOPSMILLS FOUNDRIESEnglewood Emp. Agcy., 5534 S. State St.MOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMNITHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27POND LETTER SERVICEEverything in LettersHooven Typewriting MimeographingMultigraphing AddressingAddressograph Service MailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones 418 So. Market St.Harrison 8118 ChicagoE. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 8182Chicago's OutstandingDRUG STORESRalph Boggs, PhD '30, of the University of North Carolina. Moneyfor publication has been appropriatedby the American Council of LearnedSocieties and from research funds atthe University of North Carolina,but the amount received from thesesources is not sufficient to subsidizethe cost of printing, so the 600 pagevolume will appear in mimeographedform. Professor Boggs, who has beensupervising the publication, has leftfor Mexico City, where he will be avisiting professor for the next year.Mrs. Boggs is the former MarianWells, '29.Frank Livingstone Huntley, AM,PhD '42, has left Carleton Collegeto teach English at the University ofMichigan.1927Kurt F. Leidecker, PhD, served inBEN SOHN & SONSManufacturers ofMATTRESSES ANDSTUDIO COUCHES1452 TelephoneW. Roosevelt Rd. Haymarket 3523MURPHY BUTTER and EGG Go-wholesale2016 CALUMET AVE.CHURNERS OF FANCY CREAMERY BUTTERFINEST WISCONSIN EGGSPhone CALumet 5731 the Army Air Forces as a privateand was stationed at Camp Luna,Las Vegas, New Mexico, being attached to the office of travel and insurance of the Air Transport Command. Being in the 38-45 agebracket, he was released to serve inindustry and for a year has beenconnected in a supervisory capacitywith Behr-Manning Corporation inTroy, New York, with their aviationdivision. He has helped to organizea new American Legion Post and isserving as post adjutant. His sgaretime is devoted to finishing his "Lifeand Letters of William Torrey Harris." ,929Faith M. Johnston, SM, has taughtbiology at Central Michigan Collegeat Mt. Pleasant since leaving theUniversity. She was promoted lastJuly from assistant to associate professor. She's a gardener, writer, andconservationist and in 1943 receivedan award in the Hopwood contest foran essay entitled, "The Beech-MapleForest — Vanishing Heritage." Theconservation of the Michigan hardwoods is her special conservation interest. She lives at Rosebush.1930Frederick C. M. Smithson, PhD,has left New York for the Universityof New Mexico in Albuquerque,where he will teach in the chemistrydepartment.Mohammed Fadhil Jamali, director-general for foreign affairs of theKingdom of Iraq (equivalent to undersecretary of state in the U.S.A.)has been appointed minister plenipotentiary by royal decree. His Excellency Dr. Jamali is living in Baghdad together with his wife, SarahPowell Jamali, AM '29, and theirthree young sons. Their home is aBaghdad social and cultural centerand at their musical evenings arealways to be found a number ofgraduates of American universities.Wasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phones: Wentworth 8620-1-2-3-4Wasson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wasson DoesSTANDARDBOILER and TANK CO.524 WEST 42nd STREETTelephone BOUIevard 5886 LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: Hyde Park 9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900- —0901Retail Deliveries Daily and Sunday*Quality and Service Since 1882CLARKE-IMcELROYPUBLISHING CO.6140 Cottage Grove Avenue* Midway 3935"Good Printing of All Descriptions9'1931Hazel Black Selness, AM, has beennamed director of personal servicefor the United Seamen's Service inNew Orleans. She leaves the Brooksgeneral hospital at Fort Sam Houston, where she was field director forthe Red Cross.1932Genevieve Porterfield took her MSin 1940 at Columbia University andis reference librarian at Texas Technological College in Lubbock.1934Edwin S. Cieslak, PhD '44, changedhis position last November from biology instructor at Illinois Instituteof Technology to research biologistat Armour Research Foundation,Chicago.AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. JACKSON BOULEVARDCHICAGOA Bureau of Placement which limits ll*work to the university and college Held.It is affliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational 'fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMARGARET EGAN MOVES UPJohn B. Iglehart is in the industrialrelations department of Libby McNeill and Libby in Honolulu.1936William H. Safranek, Jr., has beenappointed to the staff of BattelleMemorial Institute in Columbus,Ohio, where he will engage in electrochemical research. He was formerly associated with the ApollaMetal Works at Clearing, Illinois.Henry F. Strohecker, PhD, formerly of Kenyon College at Gambier,Ohio, is now at Wayne Universityin Detroit.Hendrik Vollaerts is in Hollywoodwriting for the screen and radio.He is under contract to Frank Sinatrato write and direct his new radioshow. Vollaerts was married to Rosalind Leane, graduate of Purdue, onDecember 10, 1944.1937Grace Wolfsohn Colby, AM, is inWashington, D.C, as examiner on thepersonnel utilization staff ^>f the CivilServiee Commission.Purdue University has grantedGeorge W. Whitehead, SM '38, PhD'41, leave of absence while he is atthe Ballistic Research Laboratory atAberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland.1938Howard Church is teaching art atWashburn College, Topeka, Kansas.1939Marguerite Elizabeth Brown, AM,(Sister Mary Luke) is teaching atTuckerDecorating Service5559 S. Cottage Grove Ave.•Phone MIDway 4404TELEPHONE HAYMARKET 4566O'CALLAGHAN BROS., Inc.PLUMBING CONTRACTORS21 SOUTH GREEN ST.SECRETARIALCourse leads quickly to executive rank andhigh pay— in business or government service.Choice of Gregg, or "Stenotypy" — machineshorthand.Visit, write or phone for details.Bryant^ Strattonc o ll)e g e18 S. Michigan Ave. Tel. Randolph 1575 YOU might as well fall flat onyour face as to lean over toofar backwards." We don't knowhow long this motto has beenhanging on the office wall of Margaret Egan, '32, but on February 1Miss Egan landed flat in the advertising manager's chair of Marshall Field and Company.She is the first woman to occupythis chair in the 92-year history ofthis famous State Street store.Under her supervision are seventySt. Mary's School at Mt. St. Gabrielin Peekskill, New York.1940Arthur Hillman, PhD, has beenappointed asistant regional directorof the Office of Community WarServices in Chicago. He has beenassociated with the agency for twoyears, assisting with the general coordination of agencies responsible formeeting health, welfare, and otherwar related community problems.Hillman is on leave from CentralY. M. C. A. College, where he teachessociology. He has specialized in prob-TEACHERSREGISTRY & EXCHANGE32 W. Randolph Street, Chicago 1Suite 1508-10 Randolph 0739Administrators — Teachers in all fieldsMember of N.A.T.A.GEO. D. MILLIGANCOMPANYPAINTING CONTRACTORS2101-9 South Kedzie AvenuePhone: Rockwell 8060 copywriters, artists, service representatives, and production specialists. She succeeds Olin O. Stans-bury, '23, who resigned to becomepublicity director for the St. Louisdepartment store of Stix, Baer,and Fuller.In her Beecher Halls days, whenMargaret (a Nu Pi Sigma) waswomen's editor of the Maroon, shemade her first business contactswith Marshall Field by handlingtheir advertising for the studentpaper. After graduation shestarted her career in the department of women's dresses but within the year she was in the department of her first love, advertising.Beginning literally at the bottom—advertising for the basementstore — she moved up via home furnishings of the main store; advertising manager for suburban stores;copy chief back at headquarters;and finally assistant advertisingmanager in 1943. In 1935 MissEgan spent three months in Europe visiting the foreign offices ofher company. She is now prepared to direct the destinies of itspublicity with a forward look anda minimum of backward leanings.lems of community organizationthrough research and surveys andthrough participation in civic affairs.Elizabeth Bosworth, AM, is working at Michael Reese hospital in Chicago as a psychiatric social worker.NEILER, RICH & CO.(N<?T INC.)ENGINEERSMechanical and ElectricalConsulting and Designing431 So. Dearborn StreetChicago 5, III.Telephone Harrison 7(91Arthur MichaudelDesigner and Maker ofDistinctive Stained Glass Windows542 North Paulina Street, ChicagoTelephone Monroe 2423CLARK-BREWERTeachers Agency63rd YearNationwide ServiceFive Offices — One Fee64 E. Jackson Blvd.. ChicagoMinneapolis — Kansas City. Mo.Spokane — New YorkTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1941Mrs. O. L. Hobson (Lillian Miles,AM) is doing psychiatric social workand living at Bromwall House, inPrinceton, N. J.1942Donald C. Bergus has been at theAmerican Legation in Baghdad forover two years and has held the rankof vice-consul for almost a year. Hehopes to return to the United Stateson leave early in the summer.Andres W. Andresen, AM, is chaplain at the National Training Schoolfor Boys in Washington, D. C.Joseph O. Hanson, Jr., JD, is anattache at the American embassy inMoscow.1943Margy Ellin Lazarus has a newjob — she's with the PennsylvaniaPostwar Planning Commission, special counsel for housing, in Philadelphia. She has had occasion to meetwith many persons who have at sometime or another taught, studied, orconsulted at the U. "We beam ateach other as we discuss the Midwayand all the associations that go withit," she adds.SPRAGUEIRON WORKS4410 WEST ADDISON ST.TELEPHONEPALISADE - - 2210Platers, SilversmithsSpecialists . . .GOLD, SILVER, RHODANIZESILVERWARERepaired, ReAnlshed, RefacqueredSWARTZ & COMPANY10 S. Wabuh Av». CENtral 6019-85 ChlemgiCLOTH WEAVINGBURNS — CUTS — MOTH HOLESTEARS— REWOVEN LIKE NEWAmerican Weaving Co.5 N. Wabash Avenue Phone Dearborn 1693RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING & DECORATING1331 TelephoneW. Jackson Blvd. Monroe 3192 SEATTLE ALUMNI CLUBTAKING advantage of the talentwithin its membership, theSeattle Chicago Club invited itsvice-president, Lars Carlson, to bethe speaker for the January meeting. Mr. Carlson is regional director of the Committee for EconomicDevelopment and gave the club anoutline of postwar plans being developed by this Committee. At theSeattle club's October meeting thespeaker was Dr. William CharlesSpeidel, MD Rush '08, who spokeon the social relations betweendoctor and patient. The next meeting of the club is set for July 26.Members of the executive committee are: J. N. Davis, '09, president;Lars Carlson, '23, vice-president;Mrs. Zillah E. Wilson, '13, secretary-treasurer; Robert F. Sandall,'15; and Dr. James E. Hunter, MDRush, '15.MacCormac School ofCommerceBusiness Administration and Secretarial TrainingDAY AND EVENING CLASSESAccredited by the National Association ofAccredited Commercial Schools1170 E. 63rd St. H. P. 2130FINE BONE CHINAAynsley, Royal Crown Derby, Spodeand Other Famous Makes inDistinctive DinnerwareExcellent Hand Decorated ServicePlates from $3.00 each.Hand cut and Gold encrusted TableCrystal and Accessories.Unusual Gifts from Near and Far.Diriijo, Inc.Distinctive Tableware70 E. Jackson Blvd. Chicago, 111. GEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzie 3186AMERICANPHOTO ENGRAVING CO.Photo EngraversArtists —Makers of Electrotype rsPrinting Plates429S. Ashland Blvd. TelephoneMonroe 7515PENDER .Catch Basin and Sewer ServiceBack Water Valves, Sumps-Pumps6620 COTTAGE GROVE AVENUE1545 E. 63RD STREETFAIRFAX 0330-0550-0880PENDER CATCH BASIN SERVICE1545 EAST 63RD STREETWILLIAMS, BARKER &SEVERN CO.AUCTIONEERSAuctioneers and AppraisersPublic auctions on owner's premises or at oursalesroomsAccept on consignment the better quality offurniture, works of art, books, rugs, bric-a-brac, etc.We sell on commission or buy outrightOur specialty liquidating estates, libraries, etc.229 S. Wabash Ave. Phone Harrison 3777HAIR REMOVED FOREVERBEFORE AFTER20 Years' ExperienceFREE CONSULTATIONLOTTIE A. METCALFEELECTROLYSIS EXPERTGraduate NurseMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused. Permanent removal of Hair fromFace, Eyebrows, Back of Neck or any¦part of Body; destroys S0O to 800 HairRoots per hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Member American Assn. Medical Hydrology andPhysical Therapy, Also Eledroloitsts AssoctaHonof Illinois$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705. Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.Perfect Loveliness Is Wealth in Beauty30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETelephone Haymarket 3120E. A. AARON & BROS. Inc.Fresh Fruits and VegetablesDistributors ofCEDERGREEN FROZEN FRESH FRUITS ANDVEGETABLES46-48 South Water MarketAshjian Bros., inc.ESTABLISHED 1921Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED8066 South Chicago Phone Regent 6000A. J. F. Lowe & Son• 1217 East 55th StreetPlumbing — Refrigeration — RadioSales and ServiceDay Phones Mid. 0782-0783Night Phones Mid. 9295-OakIand 1 131SUPER-GOLD CORPORATIONMANUFACTURERS OF COMMERCIALREFRIGERATION2221 South Michigan AvenueCHICAGO 16. ILLINOISSOCIAL SERVICEMarie Irelan Armstrong, AM '34,has recently moved to Chicago andin the winter quarter began supervising beginning students in fieldwork at the Cook County Bureau ofPublic Welfare.Miriam Leavitt, AM '36, has lefther position as psychiatric socialworker with the Cook County Behavior Clinic to become field workinstructor at the School supervisingstudents at the Institute for JuvenileResearch.Amaretta Jones, AM '38, a formermember of the field work staff of theSchool, has joined the faculty of theSchool of Social Work at the University of Washington, Seattle.Ceridwyn Nolph Lopez, AM '38,has been made head of the social service department of the states attorney's office in Chicago.Alice Overton, AM '38, is a casework consultant with the Queens -boro Society for the Prevention ofCruelty to Children in Jamaica, NewYork.Miriam Rappe, AM '38, and Rebecca Rosenbaum, a student herefrom 1931 to 1933, have arrived in England to serve the armed forcesas American Red Cross hospital social workers.Loren Belknap, AM '42, has leftthe Illinois Children's Home and AidSociety to become child welfareworker with the Yamhill CountyWelfare Commission in Oregon.Anne Winslow, AM '42, is workingas report analyst with the FederalSecurity Agency in their Office ofCommunity War Service in RegionVIII, Minneapolis.Sylvia Behrman, AM '43, has accepted a position with the NewarkJewish Child Guidance Clinic.Lois Gratz, AM '43, has accepteda position with the Immigrants' Protective League in Chicago and isteaching the course in rural publicwelfare at the School during thewinter quarter.Josephine Bailey Meschter, AM '43,has accepted a position with the Illinois Children's Home and Aid Society and is working in Chicago.Martha Shackleford, AM '44, hasjoined the staff of the Rochester,New York, Family Agency and is developing services for children andadolescents.La Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209-13 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1350Boston— New York — Philadelphia — SyracuseACMESHEET METAL WORKSANIMAL CASESandLaboratory Equipment1121 East 55th StreetPhone Hyde Park 9500BLACKSTONEHALLAnExclusive Women's Hotelin theUniversity of Chicago DistrictOffering; Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALL5748Blackstone Ave. TelephonePlaza 3313Verna P. Werner, Director DEWEY & WHALEN INC.Plain & OrnamentalPLASTERINGAuthorized All-Bond ContractorsPhonePensacola 80404035Lawrence Ave.HUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD., Chicagp, IllinoisTelephone Harrison 7798Member National Associationof Teachers AgenciesGenerally re«ea»Ued at one of the leadlna TeachersAgencies of the United States.PSTARMSMFD lOOfiGROVEROOFING6ILMLAND6644 COTTAGE 6R0VEAV7ROOHNG and INSULA! INfcENGAGEMENTSMr. and Mrs. Clayton O. Nicholsof Western Springs, formerly of Beverly Hills, Chicago, announce theengagement of their daughter, Virginia Lorraine, '43, (Sigma, Nu PiSigma), to Robert C. Dille, '44,(Alpha Delta Phi, Owl and Serpent),son of John F. Dille, '09, and Mrs.Dille of Evanston.MARRIAGESMary Eleanor Davis, '25, formerteacher at Topeka, Kansas, highschool, was married on June 7, 1944,to Benjamin C. Sander. They areliving in Chapman, Kansas.Capt. Samuel E. Stewart, '31, toLucy Linn of Salisbury, North Carolina, on December 13, 1944. Sincelast October the captain has beenoperating the Shelborne and Cromwell Hotels at Miami Beach, Florida,in the Army Ground and ServiceForces Redistribution Station, where,he says, returnees from overseas "livelike kings for two weeks while awaiting reassignment."Major Edward E. Cannon, '37,MD Rush '39, and Lt. Dorothy ECameron, Army air nurse, whohelped to evacuate soldiers in Burma, were married on January 12 .inthe chapel at Patterson Field, Ohio.They spent a brief honeymoon inChicago and both expected to returnto their overseas bases. Major Cannon has aided in the perfection ofa new night vision instruction systemfor paratroopers and witnessed itseffectiveness on D-day.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 31OBERG'SFLOWER SHOPFlowers wired the world over1461 E. 57th StreetPhones: Fairfax 3670, 3671ECONOMY SHEET METAL WORKS•Galvanized Iron and Copper CornicesSkylights, Gutters, Down SpoutsTile, Slate and Asbestos Roofing1927 MELROSE STREETBuckingham 1893Since 7878HANNIBAL, INC.UpholstersFurniture Repairing1919 N. Sheffield AvenuePhone: Lincoln 7180Leone Haley, '37, former secretaryin the office of the dean of the Division of Biological Sciences at the U.,became Mrs. Robert D. Fearnow onOctober 14, 1944. At home: 2224 S.W. Sixth Street, Miami 35, Florida.Lt. (j.g.) Alfred B. Mason, '38,was married to Naomi Deal of Pasadena, California, on October 4,1944. Mrs. Mason graduated fromthe nursing school of the Los Angeles County Hospital in January,but will continue her training sixmonths longer.Alice Farrar Gibson, '39, was married on December 23, 1944, to Cpl.Frank X. Brickley of Camp Butner,N.C. Mrs. Brickley is employed as amedical social worker with the Peoria, Illinois, health department.Mr. and Mrs. Herbert F. Hoodannounce the marriage of theirdaughter, Florence Viola, to Lt. JohnW. Bernhardt, '40, on January 12at Medfield, Mass. At home: 10 Bushnell Terrace, Braintree, Mass. Jackis at the Naval Air Station at SouthWeymouth.S. Ruth Clayman, '41, AM '44,and Paul Weichselbaum were married on September 10, 1944, twodays after she received her AM. Sheis psychiatric social worker at theNorth Shore Health Resort in Winnetka.Dorothy Ellen Lowery, '42, wasmarried on October 14, 1944, at FortBliss, Texas, to Edward L. Renno,graduate of Northwestern and technician fifth grade in the Field Artillery. When reporting her marriage in January, Dorothy and her husbandwere living in Ozark, Alabama, butshe expected to return shortly toChicago.Josephine Peet, '42, SM '44, wasmarried to Richard V. Andree, '42,in Thorndike Hilton Chapel on December 15, 1944. The couple will reside at 612 Howard Place, Madison3, Wisconsin, where Richard is instructing in the mathematics department at the University of Wisconsin.On January 12, Kinereth E. Dush-kin, '43, to Walter J. Gensler, PhDin chemistry from the University ofMinnesota. He is working on a government project at Columbia University and their home address is668 Riverside Drive, New York 31.Barbara W. Gilfillan, '44, daughterof Colum Gilfillan of the University'ssociology department, became thebride of John Crane Crowley onJanuary 12 at Thorndike HiltonChapel. He is with the Public Administration Clearing House.Albert K. Epstein, '12B. R. Harris, '21Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6BIRCK-FELLINGER CORP.ExclusiveCleaners & Dyers200 E. Marquette RoadPhone: Went. 5380Swifk00^f€m Cream\^S^^S3SS^E^^SWiEXTRA CAREMAKES THEEXTRA GOODNESSA Product ofSWIFT & CO.7409 S. State StreetPhone Radcliffe 7400 Timothy A. BarrettPLASTERERRepairing A Specialty5549 S. Cottage Grove Ave.Phone Hyde Park 0653ENGLEWOODELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO.Distributors, Manufacturers and Jobbers ofELECTRICAL MATERIALS ANDFIXTURE SUPPLIES5801S. Halsted Street Englewood7500Phone: Saginaw 3202FRANK CURRANRoofing & InsulationLeaks RepairedFree EstimatesFRANK CURRAN ROOFING CO.8019 Bennett St.Phones Oakland 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueBIRTHSHarry R. Adler, '23, and Mrs. Adler announce the birth of a baby son,Arthur, on August 10, 1944. Thefamily is living in Chicago.W/O Seymour Guthman, '29, JD'30, reports the birth of his son, LewisEdward, on December 11, 1944, inWashington, D. C. He is stationedwith the Office of the Air Inspector,Air Transport Command, Army AirForces in the Capital.Lt. Robert Kracke, '36, and Mrs.Kracke announce the birth of Suzanne Karol on January 9 at ChicagoLying-in Hospital.On September 24, 1944, PeterSwain was born to Henry Swain andMrs. Swain (Elizabeth Poole, '37).The baby is a grandson of Mrs.Charles H. Poole (Elizabeth Franklin, '10) and has a brother, David,two years old last November. TheSwains live in Winnetka.To Dr. John Defouw and Mrs.Defouw (Ruth E. Douglass, AM '39)a son, Richard John, on December20, 1944, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Dr. Defouw is assistant dentalsurgeon with the U.S. Public HealthService now stationed in Greenland.32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDEATHSThomas M. Netherton, '99, onApril 20, 1944, at Glendale, California.William P. Ott, PhD '17, head ofthe mathematics department since1924 at the University of Alabamaat Tuscaloosa, died the latter partof December while on a holiday visitin Nashville, Tenn. He was a nativeof Lexington, Virginia, a graduateof Washington and Lee University,and had taught at Vanderbilt University.Albert L. McMillan, JD '23, ofFort Lauderdale, Florida, on November 14, 1943. He is survived by hiswife, Mae Horn McMillan, AM '44,teacher at the Pine Crest School inFort Lauderdale.Glen A. Gordy, '17, AM '33, ofFort Wayne, Indiana, on November5, 1944.Barclay L. Jones, PhD '24, headmaster of Friends Central School inPhiladelphia, died suddenly on January 4. He had been ill in October andafter a vacation of several weeks returned to his duties, apparently recovered. A pioneer in progressiveeducation and a firm believer in thevalue of hobbies, Mr. Jones headed Friends Central School for twentyyears.Mark C. Bates, '24, of Flossmoor,president of the Vapofier Corporation of Blue Island, died on January5, after an extended illness. Heleaves a widow and four children —Mark, Miles, Donna, and George.Mary Louise Hutchinson, '25, AM'27, in Burlington, Iowa, in October,1944.Raymond E. Fildes, AM '29, onNovember 27, 1944, in Springfield,Illinois, where he was connected withthe public schools.Maurice S. Burdick, '31, physicianof Ft. Totten, North Dakota, onMarch 4, 1944. He had been in theIndian service in Montana for someyears.Jean Barnum Temple, '26, teacherof English at Far Rockaway, NewYork, high school, and author ofseveral books, died on January 13 inFar Rockaway. She had taught inChicago, New Jersey, and on LongIsland and conducted special classesin creative writing. Among her bookswere two novels — Glass Over Flowerand Crystal Tree, and she contributedfiction and poetry to magazines. Sheis survived by two daughters and a LETTERS(Continued from Cover II)to relax the requirements for its degrees in behalf of returning veteransits position is secure. Those who actually want the kind of education of.fered at Chicago will not shun it onthese grounds. The returning veterandoes not want to see a world whichhas suddenly been warped to softenthings for him; he hopes he will notbe looked upon as a maladjusted individual on whom society must lavishits sympathy. The very thought ofhaving segregated classes or specialcourses or programs for veterans isnot only repugnant but inharmoniouswith the principles to which Americans cling so firmly. While he hasbeen at war the veteran has cherishedmemories of the world he left as heleft it, not as some new affair alteredto help him along.So I say, let the University go onjust as it has, progressing and modifying itself as is shown advantageous,but representing always a level ofachievement which will stand unperturbed by the eddies in the currentof education.Lt. Richard R. Willey, '48Grand Island, Neb.oi Swiits rr se/M>uria* aemiumnam will maketne meal !'thaXao/wwin, Skx$cvi GwAecL • Swift's Premium Ham has such a rich fullflavor it gives extra zest to whatever you serveit with. Its flavor is so fine that Swift's Premium was voted America's favorite, actuallygetting more votes than the next eight leadingbrands combined! In buying, look for theword SWIFT down the side of the ham."A GUYCAN DREAMCAN'T HE?Sure. And most of the fightingmen we hear from are not onlydreaming of home, but are puttingsome wide-awake, serious thinkinginto it. Nearly every letter we getasks: "What are my rights as aveteran?" "How about my NationalService Life Insurance?" "Whatabout a civilian job when the fighting stops?"Last year we put the answers tothe first two questions in a freebooklet for the benefit of the millionor more men already demobilized.Wc were surprised to get thousandsof requests from men still on activeduty, many of them in combat theaters on all fronts. So we havebrought out a new, enlarged edition— including a comprehensive survey of job opportunities.Write to us at 501 BoylstonStreet, Boston, Mass., and ask forthe free, 40-page booklet, "Information for Veterans of Our ArmedForces." No matter whether you'restill in or now out cf the service, itwill tell you what the score is. HERE'S A SAMPLEOF THE INTERESTINGCONTENTS:Highlights of the "GJ. Bill of Rights"—How to continue your education, guidance on loans, benefits, etc.Your National Service Life Insurance —How to keep it in force, how to reinstate,and convert, with rates.The word on —Mustering-out pay, pension privileges,hospitalization, vocational training, Federal income tax, etc.What kind of a post-war job? —And where you fit in the picture.New England MutualLife Insurance Company £ || of BostonGeorge Willard Smith, President Agencies In Principal Cities Coast to CoastThe First Mutual Life Insurance Company Chartered in America— 1835NEW ENGLAND MUTUAL has openings in its sales organization for University of Chicago men in various parts of tliecountry. If you would like to learn more about a career where you would be associated with many other college men in whathas been calledf "the best paid hard work in the world," whynot write our Director of Agencies, Dept. 0-2, Boston, Mass.?If only switchboards grew on trees!That would make things a lot easier forour fighting men, for us, and for everyone who is waiting for a home telephone.But switchboards and telephones and electronic equipment of many kinds must stillbe made by telephone factories for thearmed forces.Your patience in this emergency makesus eager to take care of your home telephone needs just as soon as possible.BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEM