<•»»THE UNIVERSITYOFCHICAGO MAGAZINEMARCH 19 4 2JZend-JleaieTOBRUK ^ fjFi^ 3WrS mCONVrCfUi**^' ENEWS:fj*e£* ^*fcB^E^ '*"£*"' The news is the biggest thing in your life today— but it is veryconfusing. And that is why you will now find TIME more usefulthan ever before in keeping confidently well-informed.For Time will change the news from a welter ol contusing flashes and headlines into one clear, quick,vivid story of history in the making.TIME will query and verify, check and re-check—spend over 5(y a word to make sure everythingyou read in Time is straight and true and reliable.And TIME will help you know in your bones what a tremendousthing it is to be alive and play your part in this greatest crisisthe American way has ever faced.TIME The Weekly NewsmagazineFOR ONE YEAR,THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCILCHARLTON T. BECKEditor HOWARD W. MORTAssociate Editor WILLIAM P. SCHENKAssistant EditorTHE COVER: President RobertMaynard Hutchins on Draft Registration Day, February 16, 1942, andPrivate Hutchins in the United StatesAmbulance Corps in 1918.What was wrong with the oldBachelor's degree? What is the background of the new degree? Why willthe so-called "two-year" degree require the equivalent of a four-yearcourse of study? These questions andmany more are answered in The Chicago Plan, an authorized statement.David Daiches invited the Muse toWieboldt 405 a week or two ago.They had quite a discussion together;the assistant professor of English didmost of the talking.The result: a page of verse thatmight be called a footnote to theChicago Plan.ONE MAN'S ARMY, selectionsfrom the letters of Cody Pfanstiehl, who was assistant editor of theMagazine before he entered theArmy, begins on page 6.nA profile of one Chicago alumnuswritten by a friend and former classmate, begins on page 9. Elmer Gertz,JD '30, analyzes the double characterof Leo C. Rosten, PhD '37, sociologistand creator of Hyman Kaplan.To data on the University's riflemarksmanship, a subject with far-flung implications these days, and hisreport on the Conference meet, DonMorris adds notes more subjectivethan statistical. DAVID DAICHES, DON MORRIS, CODY PFANSTIEHL Contributing EditorsTHIS MONTHTABLE OF CONTENTSMARCH, 1942FageThe Chicago Plan 3Notes for a Dilettante, David Daiches 5One Man's Army, Cody Pfanstiehl. . 6Leo C. Rosten, Ph.D. '37, Elmer Gertz 9News of the Quadrangles 11Athletics, Don Morris 13I'll Never Forget 15News of the Classes 18Books 27T 'LL NEVER FORGET ... the1 department of extra-curricularreminiscence, inaugurated this month,presents the recollections of fivealumni. The department will becomea popular feature of the Magazine ifyou contribute your informal or considered memories of men and women,moments and moods, on the Quadrangles.Althea Warren '08, national director of the Victory Book Campaign,is the subject of a biographical sketchat the head of this month's News ofthe Classes.Civilization in the United States, byJohn U. Nef, professor of economichistory at the Midway, is reviewed onpage 27 by John McGrath, financialwriter on the staff of the ChicagoSun. Stories of the Streets and ofthe Town, edited by Franklin J.Meine '17, is the other book reviewed. THROUGH the rattle of the linotype machines comes the gladnews of a daughter, Dorothy Mary,born today (March 25) to DorothyO'Brien Morgenstern, and her husband, Director of Press Relations,William V. Morgenstern '20, J.D. '22.A tiny, white-haired lady with acane walked up the four flights to theAlumni Office and bought one moreback number of the Magazine containing one of David Daiches' articleson the British poets. Twice she hadsent the same issue to a friend inEngland. Twice the ship carrying ithad been torpedoed and sunk.On this page last month, was recorded the death of Jacques V. Merrifield '41, "killed in action in thePhilippine Islands, December 30." OnMarch 8, the Reverend Roy W. Merrifield '06, received the joyful new thathis son Jacques is alive and well.YOU CAN HELP create a valuable personal record of the University and the war, by sending theAlumni Office data on yourself or afellow alumnus in war service. Besure to mention class year, the branchof military or civilian service, rankor position, and the date war servicebegan.The editors thank the Chicago Sunfor permission to reproduce the coverphotograph of President Hutchins,pen in hand.The photo on page 2 was made byJoseph J. Schwab, assistant professorof biological sciences in the College.Published bv the Alumni Council of the University of Chicago monthly, from October to June. Office ot Publication, 403 Cobb Hall, 38th St. atEllis Avenue, Chicago. Annual subscription price -$2.00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1, 1934, at the PostOffice at Chicago, Illinois, under the act of March 3, 1879. The Graduate Group, Inc., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the official advertising agency of the University of Chicago Magazine.THERE IS A SCENT of growth and change onthe Quadrangles. There are things to talkover now, in the University's fiftieth spring.VOLUME XXXIV THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINE NUMBER 6MARCH, 1942THE CHICAGO PLANAn authorized statementregarding the new degreerequirementsIN recognition of the important distinction betweengeneral and specialized higher education, the faculty of the University of Chicago voted in January,1942, to award the Bachelor's degree upon completionof general education. Historically the distinction hasexisted in the University since it was organized in 1891by Dr. William Rainey Harper, who established thejunior college in the University for general education andthe senior college for specialized education. The demarcation has been more sharply defined since the introduction of the Chicago Plan in 1931. The new degree likewise is a logical development of the reorganization of1931, and was established largely because of the experience growing out of it.The Chicago Plan was designed to answer seriouseducational problems which confronted the Universityof Chicago and higher educational institutions generally. These primarily were problems of clarification: of the objectives of education, of the means (thecontent of the curriculum and teaching methods) andof the measurement of educational achievement. Theelements of the Chicago reorganization adopted to produce this clarification had long been accepted by educators as those most likely to improve education. Manyinstitutions had adopted various of these elements, butit was not until the synthesis of the Chicago Plan thatthey were all combined into a coherent system. Thevarious parts of the Plan were not novel; but the combination of them into a unified whole was novel.The decision to award the Bachelor's degree for general(liberal) education is as "radical" as was the adoption ofthe Chicago Plan a decade earlier, but it is believed bythe faculty to have equal validity. It has equally asfundamental a purpose: to bring order out of the confusion resulting from the traditional organization ofeducation from the elementary school through the uni- • • •versity. This confusion exists largely because the basicunit of the American educational system is the eight-year elementary school. The model for the Americanelementary school, introduced by Horace Mann, was theVolkschule, the German elementary school for the common people. When a German schoolboy completed thisschool he completed his education. But in the UnitedStates this unit has long since ceased to be terminal; ithas become a preparatory unit for the high school aboveit. As a result, American students waste two years andso delay completion of the remainder of their education. They are two years behind their contemporaries inGermany, England, and France, who have been preparing from the start for definite goals of terminal, secondary, general, or university education.The Bachelor's degree has reflected and reenforcedthis error in educational organization. The Bachelor'sdegree has meant that a student has had eight years ofelementary school, four years of high school, four yearsof college, and is about the age of 21 or 22. It has notalways had that meaning. In the medieval universities,it signified a stage of apprenticeship in teaching, ratherthan completion of a time period in education. As theperiod of preparation for teaching shifted, so did the minimum age of the student to whom it could be granted —from 20 years in 1252, to 14 in 1350. In the UnitedStates the Bachelor's degree has long since lost its originalsignificance as a teaching degree.The confusion produces waste because it does not recognize that, with proper organization, general educationcan be completed by the end of what is now the sophomore year in college. The one purpose justifying thepresent wide use of the Bachelor's degree in the UnitedStates is to recognize completition of general education.The degree fails in two respects to serve this function. Inthe first place, it is granted too late in the student'scareer. As a consequence the student has been allowedto exercise "professional options" or to dot his collegiatework with courses which might have significance in aprofessional career but which make little or no contribution to a general education. In the second place, as aresult of this confusion of objectives the program failsin fact to provide a general education such as would34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEequip men and women — whether or not they went on tofurther academic work — for the exercise of their dutiesas citizens, for the pursuit of their interests and ends asindividuals, and for the development of such abilities areuseful or indispensable to a cultivated life.Students who need, want, or deserve only a liberal artseducation must remain two additional years, under thetraditional plan, merely to get the symbolic degree. Thosewho want to do professional or specialized study mustlikewise serve the two years which frequently contributelittle to their advanced studies. The master's programthus becomes only a year of specialized study appendedto an unnecessary extension of the period (but not thecontent) of general education. Redefinition of the Bachelor's degree in terms of recognition of liberal educationwill permit the construction of a unified three-year courseleading to a Master's degree, with real training either forteaching or for research. That training will contributematerially also to the strengthening of the doctorate.The Bachelor's degree which the University of Chicago awards for liberal education has mistakenly been described as a "two-year" degree. As administered by theUniversity it is a four-year course of study. Students canbe admitted at the beginning — in the first year of theFour Year College, or what is commonly the equivalentof the junior year in high school. Or they may be admitted in the middle of the course if they are graduatesof the regular four-year high school course ; that is, whatis generally called the freshman year of college.Any high school graduates who satisfy the University'sadmission standards are qualified to begin the programthere. The first half of this four-year college program isdevoted to a broad and basic training, the equivalent ofwhich the better high schools substantially provide. Thelast two years of the College, which survey and integratethe major areas of knowledge, are based upon this fundamental training obtained either in the high school or inthe first two years of the College. Such an integration isfelt to be superior to any existing plan, but the full development of liberal education in America will not be attained until there is complete reorganization throughoutthe country to attain the 6-4-4 system.The necessity of clearly defining the boundaries of liberal and special education has been increasingly apparentto the faculty and administration of the University as adevelopment of the original Chicago Plan of 1931. ThatPlan recognized the importance of general education, asan end in itself and as the best foundation for specializedstudy. To provide such a general education, it was necessary to change both the traditional type of curriculumand the standards by which educational progress was usually measured. Improved methods were already availablefor both of these purposes, their effectiveness demonstrated by two decades of trial at Chicago and other institutions. Replacing the unrelated, segmented courses previously given for freshmen and sophomores by the variousdepartments, the Chicago Plan adopted general courses,which integrated the various fields in broad areas of //IT IS TO BE EXPECTED," said The New York Sun¦ in an editorial, "that this doctrine will not Findfavor everywhere. Those who earned their B.A. orB.S. the hard way — or rather, perhaps, the long way— may think its significance diminished by this innovation. Other objections of even greater cogencymay be adduced. The debate about this question inacademic circles promises to be ardent and interesting."human knowledge. Thus, general courses were established in the social sciences, the humanities, the physicalsciences, and the biological sciences; and those studentswho could not demonstrate satisfactory proficiency in theart of using the English language were required to takea general course in English. Comprehensive examinations which determined the understanding and theachievements of the student were devoloped under aBoard of Examinations. Essentially, these examinationssought to determine the ability of the student to think,rather than his skill in memorizing facts.To implement the Plan, certain administrative changeswere required. The College, equivalent to the freshmanand sophomore years, was established to control theperiod of liberal education. In 1937, a Four-Year College also was established, so that students could begin amore closely integrated program of general education atthe level of the junior year in high school. The last twoyears of this four-year program closely paralleled the twoyears of the College. Above the College, there were organized four Divisions, which administered the advancedand specialized educational program beyond the periodof liberal education.Because the emphasis of the Chicago Plan was onachievement, no student was required to take any of thegeneral courses. Those who could demonstrate their proficiency in a field by passing the general examination init, whether on the basis of their high school training ortheir independent study, were permitted to do so. Examinations could be taken when the student and his advisorsbelieved he was able to pass them. Thus, the ChicagoPlan was adjusted to the abilities of the student, who wasable to progress as rapidly as his capacities permitted. Theabler student could meet the requirements in less thannormal time; the slower student could take longer. Foreither, however, the standard was one of achievement andmastery. The abolition of the "adding machine" methodof computing education by totalling up course creditswas one of the major contributions of the Chicago Plan.Both the courses and the examinations have been continuously studied and modified by the faculty and theBoard of Examinations, the content and the approachbeing adjusted in the light of experience. This processof critical evaluation has kept the Plan dynamic.The Chicago Plan has had a widespread influence onAmerican higher education. In whole or in part it has[Continued on page 26)NOTES FOR A DILETTANTE• By DAVID DAICHESVersesInspired byan Untrustworthy MuseMUSE, who inspired more poets than I can read,Rise to assist me in my hour of need;Unscramble my conceptions, Muse, and thenGuide thou my Parker Vacumatic Pen.What tho' thou hast not gained a Ph.D.Or purchased virtue at the U. of C?Thou hast assisted Homer and hast blestThe works of Adler (M.) and Edgar Guest.They even say thy figure hath been seenBrooding upon th' Alumni Magazine,And once, I hear, thou didst agree to spendA joint half hour with Pulse, Maroon, and Trend.O Muse, much traveled Muse, unsnobbish Muse,If I invite thee in, canst thou refuse?Reader, the Muse accepted; she is hereIn Wieboldt 405 — you think it queer?(She's drinking scotch; myself, I stick to beer.)There follows now below, for all to see,Joint product of the drink, the Muse, and me.Hutchins! Father of truth and several daughters!Of all the things that thy keen wit hath taught usOne truth I have inscribed upon my cuff:Facts may be facts, but facts are not enough.The fatuous fate of fancies fed on facts(Like politicians trusting Hitler's pacts)Is to discover after many yearsTruth slides between the facts and disappears;Wisdom is coy, and do not seek to panic herWith Quiz Kids, O. Levant, or the Britannica.The voice is heard and echoes down the breeze,"Enough, good friends, of Information Please,Knowledge does not come fast but by degrees."So what? It follows that a proper collegeGives no B.A.'s for facts but gives for knowledge.The virgin Wisdom, as the men rush past her,Detains the Bachelor and leaves the Master;Desiring as she does to change her stateShe prudently will not consent to waitUntil the boys who say that they adore herCollect the facts of life to lay, indexed, before her.Ah, what a boon to our frustated youth :The bachelor shall now be wed to truth!Promiscuous taste of facts and figures nowNo longer sears the brand upon his brow,But lawful wedlock lets him now proceedTo learn the facts and figures he may need.O fair discernment, order just and right!Before we search details we now turn on the light. What counter argument can wit deviseTo paint as folly what is really wise?Those who extinguish the illuming spark,Seek facts on hands and knees where rooms are dark,What will they say, what will they now maintain,What accents will they use when they complain?Listen, my friends, you hear the high pitched babel?Committees are assembling 'round a table.The talk goes on about it and about,Noise enters in and wisdom scurries out.The bachelor wed to truth? They raise their hands:It isn't decent, we forbid the banns.The boy is far too young, it's rot, it's nonsense,Iowa's schools will sneer, still more Wisconsin's.If truth seduces youth he should repulse her,Or they'll be shocked in Oshkosh and in Tulsa."Switch on the light before you peer in corners?What, how unpatriotic!" cry the scorners,"To waste electric power in an emergency —Like eating caviare (that's made from sturgeon, see?)While all around are paying more for butter."And so they argue, shout, exclaim and stutter.Ah, what a sign of health within the nationWhen teachers fight all day for education.You cannot walk from Rosenwald to BeecherWithout being seized by some excited teacherWho'll talk for hours (even the very shy 'uns)On Beauty, Hutchins, Truth, and Social Science.Once more the Midway shakes with inward brawling,Some dozen more old idols look like falling,And though the right and wrong may be obscureOne fact at least remains as fairly sure:Students may doze in lounges as they tackle tea,But never, never, sleeps the College FacultyAnd less than never (though the phrase ain't pretty)The members of the Policy Committee.In this confusion here's the saving mercy:Truth comes to light only through controversy,And controversy, killing sloth and such sins,Is brought about by Robert Maynard Hutchins.Though what he says he may have oft repeated,Resulting talk is always just as heated.— Which brings me now (I think), to Canto 2(The night is fine. Do you admire the view?),Raising an issue so profound and basicIt must be solved if we don't want to stay sick — ¦I'm sorry, Muse, I didn't hear you cough.With Scotch the price it is, you'd best be off.ONE MAN'S ARMY• CODY PFANSTIEHLThere was adventure at handand we were all in ittogether ...February 19, 1942Company C, 1st Bat.Bks. 151, Camp Grant8 P. M. Bunk No. 9SEEMS like whenever I go to the Army I ride to itin a taxi. Before dawn yesterday morning I metmy brother on the South side as per arrangement.We climbed in his little jalopy. Pretty soon we climbedout again. I hastily called a cab and we rolled downto the Loop in style — he to Great Lakes for another Navyphysical exam, me to the 12th Street I. C. station whereI met the group from Chicago Heights, shepherded bythe motherly woman from the local draft board.At 7:30 we filed down the steps to the tracks. A bigguy kept shouting funny things, like "Is this the roadto Yokahama?" and the rest of us laughed and joked aswe climbed into an old day coach for the trip to Rockford and Camp Grant.The guys kept on making jokes all the way out. Ourlittle fellow of the pin-stripe suit from the Army examination a few weeks ago was there. He had a bottle,which he offered to all of us as he walked up and downthe car. Few took him up on it.We trundled into Rockford about ten o'clock. In theswitchyards the train began a series of see-sawing movements. As we first started to back up the big guy shouted,"Hey! The war's over. We're going home." As wepassed under a dark viaduct a general shout of "blackout" went up, and everybody laughed. When we hadpicked up a Milwaukee Road car we switched to theBurlington rails and rolled right into camp where wetumbled out of the train to line up alongside the cars ina column of twos. Wherever we go we go in columns oftwos. It was very cold, and the snow squeaked as weset off for the walk of a block to Camp.We filed into a bare-board theatre. WPA paintings andtravel posters hung along the walls. One poster advisedus to go to Phoenix, Arizona. We passed it up. On thestage was a table of papers, and a soldier at a typewriter.Beside him was our first sergeant. He was all asergeant should be. Tough, bushy-browed, belligerent,and slightly contemptuous. From him we learned ourfirst lesson in the United States Army."First thing you learn," he roared, "is to shout here when your name is called." That was significant. Hadn'twe all, in effect, said that when the draft board called us?He checked over his lists, arranged by local draftboards. At one name there was silence. Shortly a meekvoice said, "Sir, he caught a little trouble last night. Matter of fact, he's in jail." The sergeant grimaced. "That'sone way to stay out of the Army," he said.From the theater, after our names had been called, wemarched by twos to our barracks. I suppose we were asloppy group, straggling across the neat camp with itsclean, white long buildings. Many carried little overnight bags, many more carried full size suitcases. Of the300 I was the only one to have "special equipment" — mytypewriter. We "marched" between the rows of two-story barracks, turned down a wooden walk, and abouttwenty-four of us were counted off to enter barracks 151.Two rows of brown blanket-covered cots, ten in each row,graced the room. On the bare wooden posts hung redcans, about shoulder high. The pleasant, matter-of-factsergeant who came out of his little room at one end ofthe large room soon explained that these cans were forcigarette butts, not for spitting. That's why they werehigh. We took cots in the order in which we came in.I drew number nine. I set my typewriter on the green"foot locker" or trunk at the foot of the cot. I sat downbeside it. This, then, was the Army.But I didn't really feel in the Army until we adjournedfor mess. The call came shortly. We formed by theinevitable twos in front of the barracks and straggled ahalf block to the large mess hall, full of bare woodentables much like picnic tables in the forest preserves. Itwas cafeteria style. We picked up a compartmented tray,hot from the washer, grabbed a knife, fork, and large-size spoon. As we filed past the steam table, guys inonce-white shirts tossed food into the various compartments. It turned out to be good food. Corned beef,cabbage, boiled potatoes, lima beans, vegetable soup (ina thick wooden bowl), bread, and a small piece of goodpumpkin pie. Butter and sugar a-plenty loaded eachtable. A huge pitcher of hot, fair, coffee waited for us.We ate without talking much.We returned to our barracks where we lay about, talking to a dozen men who were already inhabiting theplace. They had been here for four days. They sat» : '—ONE MAN'S ARMY, which will appear again inthe April issue of the MAGAZINE, will be writtenfrom 406 School Squadron, Barracks 633, in theArmy Air Corps training center at Sheppard Field,Texas.6THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 7about in their sloppy short-brimmed fatigue hats, andgave us the low down. We would have shots whichwould make our arms sore. We would be issued uniforms soon. (Said one, "At home I changed my soxonce or twice a day. But I've worn these stinkers eversince I got here." He held up his foot, covered with theArmy gray half-length stocking.) We would have an IQtest with pictures of little blocks. We would see a moviewith guys with chancres on 'em.We spent the afternoon marching by twos to the medical building where we had a check examination. In onestall, as we entered, two soldiers efficiently stepped up oneach side, swabbed each arm, sank a needle in one andpricked the other repeatedly for inoculations. Dressedagain, we filed twenty-eight at a time into a small roomwhere an officer, reading from our large manila envelopesof physical and draft board records which turn up wherever we go, swore us into the United States Army. Werepeated the oath, affirming to defend the country againstall enemies, "whomsoever." That was at 2:19 p. m. onFebruary 18, 1942. As we filed out the door a recruitsaid, "I guess we're spies, now. We're in the Army, butnot in uniform." We slunk back to barracks 151.Came supper call, and I was one of the first three out ofthe building. There was a group of uniformed soldiersstanding on the walk. We fell in behind them when theystarted off. From the other barracks the 300 newcomersfell in behind us. We tramped happily down the gravelroad, our breaths smoking in the frigid air. About ablock from the barracks a shout rose from the rear. Theline hesitated ; confusion came down the line like a breeze,twisting the men about. We had followed the wrong line.The mess hall was back that way. We, turned about andran back, then stood at the end of the slowly shufflingline as it edged into the steaming mess hall. Half of ushad no overcoats on, and we shivered.After dinner — as good as the luncheon, with lima beansoup this time — we marched to the neat and plain chapelwhere the chaplain dwelt on the classification tests wewould have the next day, and the possibilities for advancement, and the advisability of staying away fromdiseased women, prostitutes, and drink. He wasn'tW.C.T.U.-ish. But he was evidently making an attemptto talk the language of the soldier without actuallyswearing, a thing impossible to do. All through thefifteen minute talk the men kept moving their left armsin small circles, limbering up the inoculation ache whichhad started just before supper.We were all in bed by nine when the lights went out.Good beds, with good sheets. We fell asleep after wehad found a position in which our left arms would liewithout complaining. We were gay. If there was loneliness, no one showed it. There was adventure at hand,and we were all in it together. We did not know thenames of our neighbors in most cases, and had made noattempt to find out. We were just guys going into theArmy.Guys, I mean in the Army. CODYPFANSTIEHLIn the Army,36319227February 21, 1942Pullman "Chippewa"en route to TexasSaturday evening 9:30I am typing this in the Women's lavatory. If thereare letters missing it is because we are traveling somewhere near seventy miles per hour across the flat landsapproaching Memphis, Tenn., on our way to Texas, andthe roadbed is as wobbly as a buck private on the nightof his first furlough. We're in a troop train of maybeseven Pullman cars, hence we pay no attention to theusual sex differentiation at the ends of the cars. In thisroom, however, are piled our blue denim sacks closed byheavy white ropes which serve as our suitcases wheneverwe travel. My typewriter is balanced a bit precariouslyon one sink.Late during our first day at Camp Grant the friendlyand efficient sergeant strode down the center aisle holding a half dozen wired tags in his hand. He distributedthem on various bunks. These, we learned, were shippingorders. Each bore the name of a soldier, his serial number, and the paragraph number of the Special Orderunder which he was to ship out of camp. Just wherethese mysterious Special Orders were listed we nevercould learn; probably in a big and secret book of theGeneral's, we decided, since the shippees were not toldwhither they were bound until they had traveled a goodpart of the way. "The sergeant informed the barracksin general that these men would leave at seven the following morning, and that we would all rise at 5:30 therefore. The men, when they came back to their cots tofind the tags, seemed glad to be going. Most had beenin the Camp for three or four days — a few had beenthere a week or two. We were glad to see them go, in away, for new men would soon move into their bunksand we could be the Old Timers and explain the direevents which would befall the newcomers.So when we woke up on the second day there was already bustle up and down the bare wooden room. It wasTHE UNIV TY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpitch dark outside. We had been told that there wouldbe eight minutes in which to dress and that we eithershaved later in the day or the night before. We dressedrapidly in our civilian clothes, making jokes about "thelast time for these pants," and then sat about on ourbunks for twenty minutes until we were called out forchow. It's always chow. Never breakfast, or dinner . . .just "Fall out for chow." We lined up (in two's) infront of the barracks in the darkness. Lights shone yellow from all the windows in the camp, and the dark bituminous coal smoke from the thin stack on the mess hallmade a dark blot against the blue-black sky. Shortly wemarched, or straggled, into the mess hall, went down theline with our compartment trays, and came out withscrambled eggs, a small box of milk, prunes, coffee, abanana, and a box of wheat flakes — I think they were"Wheat Krispies." "Save the box tops, fellas," someoneshouted. "Little Orphan Annie will send you somethingreal nice!"Back in barracks 151 our sergeant became motherly."Cm here," he said, dashing to a bed in the corner leftvacant by a departed soldier, "I'll show youse guys howto make up a bed like in the Army." With a flip and atwist here, explaining all the time, the young officer madeup the bed, beginning by stripping it and flopping themattress over, and ending by rolling the brown comforter up and tucking its end in its other end, like anarmadillo with its tail in its mouth. With a little communal help we did the same to our beds, and a fair jobit was.I won't try to stick to chronology for the next few days.That second day we took mechanical aptitude tests, a"general classification test," were interviewed and classified as to the branch of the service we wish to enter, andwere issued our uniforms.We took the tests in the chapel sitting at alternateplaces, just as in any college exam, with writing boardson our laps. First class sergeants, apparently graduatestudents in psychology, administered the tests, readingword by word and syllable by syllable the explicit directions. The mechanical aptitude test consisted of a seriesof drawings of wheels, pulleys, gears and cams, in varioushook-ups. We were required to figure out which waythe wheels turned, which turned faster, which gear madewhat cam go which way . . . and our answers were in theform of pencil marks on answer sheets arranged for anelectrical grading machine. Part two of the mechanicalaptitude test was a series of pictures of more or less complicated patterns which, when folded together, made irregular shaped containers or boxes. We were to matchthe corners and edges of the flat pattern to the corresponding parts of the completed box, or whatever you'dcall it. Some of them weren't easy.The general classification tests were a series of briefarithmetic problems. ("If a squad of eight men haveenough sugar for ten days, and each man uses 2l/%ounces per day, how much sugar must the leader have for a 16 day period. . .") ; a series of synonym questions("Choose the word below which most nearly correspondsto the underlined word in these sentences: 'The soldierattained the rank of corporal.' 1) approached 2) reached3) attempted 4) exemplified") ; and a series of picturesof piles of blocks of the same size in each picture. Theblocks were stacked, some of necessity being hidden fromthe eye at the bottom of the small pile. But you couldtell that they were there because there was a block orblocks visible on top of 'em. We were required to givethe number of blocks in the whole pile. Some were hard.That was in the morning. After chow we marched toa long warehouse where we received our blue bags,stripped, and walked cafeteria style down the middle ofthe warehouse receiving clothes right and left. We donnedone of each piece for size as we went along. Most of uswere fitted remarkably well. My jacket — correspondingto a suit-coat — felt a little tight, but the soldier whoflung it at me said "You'll work that off, pal. . ." It waswhen we lined up on the warehouse platform, draggingour blue barracks bags after us and wading along in ourankle-length brown shoes that we first began to feel likesoldiers. We cheered each man as he appeared at thelarge sliding doors, looking abashed in his new and heavybrown overcoat. The Big Guy of our barracks, Joe,took a good ribbing when he came out. "Put two tentstogether for you, Hey Joe?" we called. "Hell," Joe said,"The coat ain't nuthin'. Looka these boats I got on myfeet." A sergeant ambled out of the wide door. "Let'sgo, boys," he yawned. We clumped across the platform,sounding like a herd of elephants, and marched back toour barracks, bending under the weight of our barracksbags, feeling more and more like soldiers with each step.Later we were taken to a second warehouse. In a partitioned cubby hole I talked with an examining officerin the classification section. It turned out that he hadlive in the Phi Kap house next to the Chi Psi lodge whenI had been in school. He had taken a post graduatecourse in mathematics. I told him what I'd done. Heasked me some details of the work, looked up "publicrelations" in a loose leaf notebook, and wrote on mydossier "recommended for Public Relations" along witha rather complete record of what I'd done. He directedme to a desk at which sat three older men — final classification officers. One, it turned out, had worked on theMaroon a few years before I came on it. After a minuteof studying my record the fellow said "Well, you certainlyqualify." He marked the interviewer's recommendationO.K. and sent me to the assignment desk. The youngsoldier there went over the large manila card, smiled, andasked me which branch I wish to enter. "The AirCorps," I said. "OK., you're in it," he grinned. Hewrote A.C. on the corner of my card. It took a full minute for me to realize that I had been assigned — definitely— to the Air Corps.(Continued on page 28)L*E*0* G* R*0*A profile — with noteson self-disciplineand metamorphosisABOUT the time of the publication of his book,The Education of H*Y*M*A*N K*A*P*L*A*N,Leo C. Rosten, alias Leonard Q. Ross, alias one ortwo more pseudonyms, was in Chicago, telephoning thehead of the Department of Political Science of the University of Chicago."Are you serious, Leo, about completing the requirements for your Ph.D. degree?" Dr. Charles Merriam inquired."Why?" Rosten asked, taken aback."Because Hyman Kaplan must go on!" replied the OldFox, Merriam; and thousands of readers here and abroadwould have agreed.But Rosten did become a doctor of philosophy. "Don'tlet Hollywood know," he whispered; for he was undercontract then with one of the studios to write some frothystuff that might not enhance the reputation of a scholar.Rosten's doctoral dissertation, The Washington Correspondents, was acclaimed on publication as a profoundstudy in a neglected field of journalism. Carl Sandburg,for one, thought it the best book of its kind, though hewas critical of what he thought was a fondness on Rosten's part for verbal monstrosities. Oswald GarrisonVillard, dean of liberal newspaper editors, joined themany who praised the book, though regretting the learnedscaffolding of too many statistical tables and footnotes.This was a strange commentary on the creator ofH*Y*M*A*N K*A*P *L*A*N— stories on the surfaceas breezy as anything in the New Yorker, where theyhad first appeared. But like the Washington Correspondents book, published the same season, the Kaplanvolume was the result of much thought and research.With the care of a social scientist, Rosten and his sistergarnered the linguistic jewels of European American anddisplayed them in settings that contrived to conceal thescholarship.Rosten, like Merriam, believed that Kaplan must goon. But after writing a few more stories, his artisticconscience whispered to him that the vein was exhausted.So he put aside the garish character he had created andwith it the promise of a great commercial success. Instead, he turned once more to the heavy spadeworkthat culminated in a book on Hollywood, lately published, and everywhere declared to be the one book that *T*E*N# Ph.D. '37• By ELMER GERTZ, J.D. '30LEO C. ROSTEN, '30, Ph.D. '37, whose latest book,Hollywood: The Movie Colony, The Movie Makers,was published by Harcourt, Brace and Company.tells the whys and wherefores of the moving picture industry.Self-discipline is altogether typical of Rosten. As thebright boy of his high school class, he used to write overcharged, almost feverish short stories and essays. Hisstyle showed so little restraint that it was painful for oneto read through more than a few paragraphs at a time.And as Rosten wrote, so he lived: impetuously, warmly,with a deep desire to run the gamut of experience. Heescaped to Europe, lived long and exciting days in theart galleries and spent the nights in a state of spiritualintoxication. Then he returned to America and talkedendlessly of all that had befallen him. Since he is atleast as good a conversationalist and orator as he is awriter, it was easy for many to listen to him. Others ofa prosaic cast resented his super-excitation of mannerand speech.Then Rosten decided to remake himself. One cannotbe sure the decision was a conscious one; but there isevery sign of a sharp struggle to obliterate all that waswild and unmanageable in his nature. He entered theUniversity of Chicago law school and was an honor student, though he loathed the barren spirit of the legal910 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEprofession. He would have achieved an easy success asa lawyer; but he transferred from the law school to thedepartment of political science and there, largely becauseof the inspiration of Lasswell and Merriam, he becamea social scientist. Lasswell once said, "Leo can becomethe best popularizer of social science in America."Rosten went once again to Europe. The art galleriesnow palled on him. The Louvre, once his spiritual home,impressed him now as a mere storage house of artisticoddments. "The pictures of fish," he said, "are piledone on top of the other." He studied at the LondonSchool of Economics and Moscow University. He visited politicians, scholars, social institutions. He was a bitpatronizing towards artists, though he did not suppresshis love of music.Similar changes began to take place in his literarystyle. Where once, for example, he had thought LouisAdamic barren and unpromising, he now began to develop the same characteristics that have given Adamichis fame: unrhetorical phrasing, lucidity, concreteness. He found it painful to recall the excesses of his earlywriting.The change can be illustrated by a dramatic contrast.Once upon a time Rosten had an exaggerated opinionof the talents of a friend of his, two years or so hissenior. When this friend went on a trip to New York,Rosten presented him with a book of Shelley's poetryand inscribed it: To X — Guide . . . Philosopher . . .Friend — and more. Years later he gave the selfsamefriend a copy of another book, this time his own, andinscribed it simply: "Sincerely, Leo."That is the metamorphosis of Leo Rosten. He flitsfrom humorous sketches to restrained scholarly writingand back, because his new character is not yet fixed.Fortunately, he will never become static. That is whyone may cherish the hope that this young man, not yetthirty-five, will enrich American literature with morethan one book worthy to be placed on a higher artisticshelf than even that gay masterpiece, H*Y*M*A*NK*A*P*L*A*N.Gallows HumorTHE RESISTANCE OF NAZI CONQUERED NATIONS can be measured in termsof "gallows humor" and by the violence of the invader's reaction to the grim jests,according to Antonin J. Obrdlik. Only the country which cannot ridicule its conquerors is crushed, he says.Dr. Obrdlik, former faculty member of Masaryk University, in Czechoslovakia,reports on this psychological weapon in the March issue of "The American Journal ofSociology," published by the University of Chicago."Gallows humor works two ways," writes Dr. Obrdlik, who in Czechoslovakia knewa young man who was proud of the collection of more than two hundred anti-invaderjokes he kept in a jar buried in his father's garden. "It bolsters the resistance of thevictims and at the same time it undermines the morale of the oppressors. . . If theycan afford to ignore it, they are strong; if they react wildly, with anger, striking theirvictims with severe reprisals and punishment, they are not sure of themselves nomatter how much they display their might on the surface."One example cited in Dr. Obrdlik's article — In a Czech cemetery there appearedin huge letters: "Hey, Czechs, get out of here! This is German Lebensraum."Another: In one village the Gestapo found a hanged hen with the following inscription fastened to her neck: "I'd rather commit suicide than lay eggs for Hitler."NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESThe Spring ConvocationDEGREES were conferred on 262 students at the208th Convocation on March 20, bringing to atotal of 932 the degrees awarded during the presentacademic year.Of the 262 candidates for degrees, ninety-six receivedthe Bachelor's degree, sixty-one the Master's, and thirty-two the Ph.D degree. The degree of Master of BusinessAdministration was conferred on nine students. Fifty-nine students, fifty-four of whom were from Rush Medical College, received their M.D.'s. Two students becameBachelors of Law, and two students were awarded thedegree of Bachelor of Divinity.Six men received their degrees in absentia at Army orNavy establishments.Sixty-three per cent of the two hundred men who received degrees will enter the armed forces of the UnitedStates, or are already in service. Returns from a questionnaire sent to the graduating class indicated that 42per cent of the group destined for military service willbe in the Navy, 58 per cent in the Army. Eighty per centof the number to be enlisted will be officers.In her address to the graduates assembled in the Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, Edith Abbott, Dean of theUniversity's School of Social Service Administration,urged that the W.P.A. be maintained as a necessity asfar as the persons working under it are concerned andas a useful adjunct to the construction programs involvedin the war effort.Dean Abbott also suggested extension of the publicemployment service and unemployment insurance plans,since these services "are still inadequate to meet the needsof the unemployed," and listed children's service, healthand invalid service, and public assistance, as among theother social security programs to be maintained despitethe wartime pressure to abolish them."We are all now absorbed in the demands of the newemergencies created by the war, and the wisdom ofspeaking on any other subject at this time may well bequestioned," Dean Abbott said. "But," she continued,"the basic needs of the people remain, and England —embattled England — has found it important even in thestorm and stress of the past year to take various stepsthat* will promote the public welfare. She has, for example, abolished the Household Means test for all thebenefits granted by the Central Assistance Board. Hernational Health Insurance benefits have been increased;and quite recently a general overhauling of the wholesocial insurance scheme has been announced as on theway. England, even in the midst of the war, has notforgotten the old, the sick, and the dependent childrenof the nation." Gifts ReceivedGifts totalling $91,000 have been made to the University in recent months, President Hutchins has announced. The gifts include: $25,000 from the estate ofMaurice L. Rothschild for the Maurice L. RothschildScholarship Endowment Fund; $25,500 from the Rockefeller Foundation in support of molecular research, and$25,000 from the Foundation for publication of The Dictionary of American English; $10,000 from the estate ofMelville N. Rothschild for support of the University;$2,000 from various individuals for the Institute of Military Studies; and $4,000 from the Encyclopaedia Britannica for service fellowships in the physical and biologicalsciences.War Training in MarchRecruiting for the seventh basic military trainingcourse of the University's Institute of Military Studiesbegan on March 17. The course, limited to an enrolmentof one thousand, will be held in two sections, beginningApril 3 and 8.The tactical exercise climaxing the work of more thanone thousand men enrolled in the sixth course took theform of a battle between "Black" and "White" armies inPalos Hills on Sunday, March 8.One hundred and twenty prospective Army and NavyAir Corps and Weather Bureau meteorologists, double thenumber trained in previous groups, began work in theUniversity's Institute of Meteorology on March 16. Theirstudies are scheduled to be completed in December.Units of the Navy's signal school to be quartered andtrained on the Quadrangles arrived on March 18. Mostof the group are sleeping in bunks set up in Sunny gymnasium, the rest in converted recreation rooms in thesame building. The men take their meals in Ida Noyesclubhouse, and have classes in the University field house.Three free courses in mapping and surveying havebeen established at the University, in cooperation withthe Illinois Institute of Technology. As part of the government's program to speed the production of maps formilitary purposes, the courses are sponsored by the Engineering, Science and Management Defense Training program of the U. S. Office of Education. Women havebeen given preference in a course in topographic mapdrafting. A course in photogrammetry, the making ofmaps from aerial photographs, also is being given. Thecourse in planetable topography, is limited to men.The New Bachelor's DegreeThe new Bachelor's degree for general education instituted by the University of Chicago is not a two-yeardegree; it is a four-year degree, with the final two yearsof high school counted as the first two leading toward1112 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe degree, President Robert M. Hutchins told students,parents, and faculty of the University's Four Year College, gathered in Mandel Hall, the evening of March 11.He pointed out that the new degree signified completionof a broad general education."The program of the University to the Bachelor's degree is a four-year curriculum," he said. "The mass ofthe population should end their formal education withthe junior college. Only those interested in and qualifiedfor advanced work should be permitted to proceed beyond the end of the sophomore year."We like to say that degrees are not important. Ifthey are not, one reason may be that none of the degreeswe offer means much of anything today. The B.A. meansfour years in college. The M.A. means one year more."If the subject announced for this discussion did notprevent me, and if you didn't know it already, I wouldtell you what the Ph.D. amounts to."The American student is the most degree consciousin the world except the Chinese. We cannot make degrees less important simply by saying that they do notsignify. They do signify. And since they do, we mighttry using them to clarify the educational situation insteadof permitting them to add to its confusion."The Bachelor's degree, like the Baccalaureate in Franceand in French Canada, could be awarded at the end ofthe junior college and could indicate the completion ofa general education. The Master's degree could beawarded after three years of advanced study and couldindicate the completion of a university education."The war brings into still sharper focus the need forthe reorganization we are discussing. From the educational point of view it would seem to be clear that thetime for military service is the time at which the studenthas completed an education program. The logical program for him to complete is the Four Year College."Having acquired a general education, he should receive the Bachelor's degree. He should then enter thearmed forces. If he is not called on to do that, he shouldif he is interested in and qualified for independent intellectual work, enter the University."Movie, Ambulance, Politics, and HonorsThe Documentary Film Group, Pulse notes, plans tomake a movie starring the four survey courses and English102, to show the struggles involved in getting the Bachelor's degree from the University; it will be filmed inblack and white, 16 mm., with sound and music.The Student Defense Council's "$2100 in 21 days"drive raised $250 the first week. Commenting on thewidespread cooperation received, Pulse concludes, "TheBritish American Ambulance Corps should gets its ambulance."The Campus Student Committee for Douglas for Senator has swung into action in the campaign to place PaulH. Douglas, University economics professor in the UnitedStates Senate.A group of students, reports the Daily Maroon, has revived the Voluntary Poll Watchers Association in aneffort to provide at least 350 students to watch the honestor dishonest procedures at various polling place throughout the city during the April primaries.Ten University students were elected to Phi BetaKappa, it was announced on March 21 by George A.Works, professor of education and secretary of the Midway chapter of the national honorary scholastic society.Two meteorology students, and two each in physics, chemistry and mathematics constitute those elected from theDivision of the Physical Sciences. One philosophy studentand one in sociology complete the group.The ten students honored are: Lynn L. Means, 5736S. Trumbull avenue, and Vincent J. Oliver, of Washington, D. C, meteorology; Wayne Arnold, 5733 University avenue, and Walter Selove, 838 E. 57th street,physics; Herbert N. Friedlander, 1213 Emerald avenue,and Lester Winsberg, 1133 E. 55th street, chemistry;Lawrence F. Markus, of Wadsworth, 111., and Jeanne R.Scharbau, of Waussau, Wis., mathematics; Charles W.Wegener, 540 N. Grove avenue, Oak Park, philosophy;and Leopold J. Shapiro, 1454 49th street, Brooklyn, N. Y.,sociology.Hutchins's Have Third DaughterOn February 16, when he registered in the draft of menwho had reached the age of twenty and who were not yetforty-five, he was described as "head of the Universityof Chicago, married, father of two children, ambulancedriver, and winner of the Croce di Guerra in the lastwar."If the registration had been held seven days later, thedescription would have differed in one important particular — blue-eyed and dark-haired.Because: A third child — a daughter — Clarissa PhelpsHutchins, was born to President and Mrs. Robert Maynard Hutchins at 6:30 on Monday, February 23.Beals to Succeed RaneyRalph A. Beals, now assistant librarian in the Washington, D. C. Public Library, will succeed M. LlewellynRaney as director of the University Libraries upon Dr.Raney' s retirement on October 1, after fifteen years ofservice.Walter A. Payne DiesWalter A. Payne, for more than three decades amember of the administrative staff of the University diedon March 16, in Los Angeles. Born in Rails County,Mo., in 1865, he entered the University in 1893 and received the Bachelor's degree in 1895. In 1896 he wasappointed secretary of the lecture study department ofthe University's Extension division, a post he held forfifteen years. From 1908 to 1911 he was also dean of theUniversity College. In 1911 he was appointed UniversityExaminer, and two years later took over the responsibilities of the Recorder's office. He retired July 1, 1930.Mrs. Payne, whom he survived, died in September, 1941.ATHLETICSRiflemen to the Fore —Towe! Card Notes —Spring Hope —RiFLEp marksmanship, a subject which is not unrelated to machine gun marksmanship, gunnery,bombing, and what one of this magazine's contemporaries likes to refer to as ack-ack fire, comes to thefore as this issue rolls from the presses. The event is theUniversity's seventh annual Midwest Rifle Tournament,the largest event of its kind in the country, scheduled forMarch 27, 28, and 29.Drawing the nation's outstanding small bore wizards,always including some capable of blacking the bull's eye2400 times in 2400, the meet has until this year beenbilled as the largest indoor event in the country. Thenational outdoor session at Camp Perry, Ohio, waslarger. This year the Camp Perry shoot has been cancelled, leaving the University's meet the event, thoughsome of the marksmen probably are on Luzon or in similar gunnery centers.This meet, however, only points up the boom in riflework which has been occurring on the Midway in thelast year or so. The permanent range in the West Standof Stagg Field was doubled in size a year ago last summer. Small bore work was made an integral part of thebasic military training course of the Institute of MilitaryStudies, with Russ Wiles, coach of the Maroon rifle team,as a mainstay. Then an advanced course was set upalong with other specialized courses in the Institute.Taught by Norman Maclean, instructor in English, andlong a habitue of the handball courts in the West Stand,this specialized course has brought eighty per cent of theenrolees to that halcyon state where they qualified for thearmy's top small-bore classification, that of expert.Maclean, a former member of the Forest Service staff,performed his teaching feat simply by being a teacher.Just as standard pedagogics nowadays tends to substituteorganized understanding and reason for the ancient practice of rote memory, so the rifle students learn why a gunis held so and fired so, instead of being told to do it. Similarly, teaching has been made an activity of teachers, andother seemingly obvious educational principles have beenput into effect. The results, mentioned above, have beengood.Besides all this, or perhaps in line with it, the Chicagorifle team has been inordinately successful in a scheduleof matches with local groups, compiling, as a matter offact, the best record of any Maroon squad. The final • By DON MORRIS '36THE MAROON SCOREBOARDBASKETBALLChicago 20- -51 IndianaChicago 46 — 47 NorthwesternChicago 27- -51 PurdueChicago 37- -61 MichiganChicago 26 — 49 MichiganFENCINGChicago 11 — 16 IllinoisChicago 15 — 12 Notre DameChicago 11 — 16 WisconsinChicago 13/2— 13/2 NorthwesternGYMNASTICSChicago 615.21—576.27 IndianaChicago Q9 nQ ^566.67 Indiana1 443. 66 IowaChicago 512.17— 541.71 IllinoisSWIMMINGChicago 45- -39 WisconsinChicago 31- -53 NorthwesternChicago 39—45 PurdueTRACKChicago 39- $69l/z Wisconsin~)20/2 NorthwesternChicago 48_l56/2 Iowa|24/2 NorthwesternChicago 55 — 48 NorthwesternWRESTLINGChicago I1/ 2— 32/2 Franklin and MarshallChicago 14 — 16 WisconsinChicago 18 — 12 Northwesternproof of this particular pudding, of course, will be in thecollege section of the forthcoming meet.Yancey T. Blade, ineluctable Midway sports enthusiast,has his own peculiar reason for looking forward to thebig meet in the field house. The fifty and one-hundredyard ranges and the lofty ceiling of the place make thesound of the firing less deafening than even the smallestbore rifles banging away in the smaller West Stand range.This department begs off for claiming last month thatMaroon teams would win thirteen of the twenty-nine contests on the calendar. The number was eight and one-1314 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEhalf. But one sure victory was to have been in a meetwhich was cancelled, and besides, that 46 to 47 loss toNorthwestern in basketball was the most moral victory inthese parts since the first ten minutes of the 1939 OhioState football game.Blade, however, does claim to have exhibited some unfortunately off-the-record, clairvoyance. After Bob Uferhad run the first 110 yards of his record-breaking 440in the Conference meet, the indomitable Yancey said itlooked as if the spectacled Michigan runner were thinking about the fact that Roy Cochran was to assault hisown national 440 mark in a special event immediately following. It is true that Ufer sprinted the whole way,breaking Cochran's mark and taking enough wind out ofthe latter's sails so that he was a tenth of a secondslower than his own record. Ufer, as the books now haveit ran a :48.1. Cochran's was :48.2, and it cancelled RayEllinwood's old time of :48.9. That trio, however, thegreat quarter milers of Chicago, Indiana, and Michigan,are the only three men in the history of the Big Ten torun the distance in less than 49 seconds.Observations on a Bartlett towel card: it certainlywould amaze some of the Big Ten institutions not listedas "traditional rivals" of Chicago if the Maroon basketball team won some of the games in its curtailed nine-game schedule next season .... A Chicago dark horse maybe the fourth member of his team to score in the Conference swimming meet, which will be history when this appears. . . .He is Baxter Richardson, a 440 swimmer whohas improved phenomenally. . . .The other three are, ofcourse, Art Bethke and the two free stylists, Bill Baugherand Hank Heinichen .... With five hundred CoastGuardsmen and a thousand Navy men on campus, Chicago could set up a pretty good intramural league without leaving the Midway. . . .And with the tire situationwhat it is and will be, that might be more than a jest. . . .The fencing team, which squeaked through to take Chicago's only Big Ten championship by half a point lastyear has failed to win a dual meet with a Conferenceteam this season, and undoubtedly will have trouble atUrbana .... If the masked men fail to pull their surprise,however, there is still hope for a title — in tennis thisspring. . . .Coach Hebert's squad has suffered less thaneither Michigan or Northwestern, even with the loss ofBob Smidl, last year's golden freshman, who transferred to William and Mary. . . .The track team failed toscore a point in the Conference meet, but there was ahappy moment after Friday night's preliminaries whenRay Randall, the lone Maroon qualifier, placed his matesahead of Northwestern and Minnesota, which had none.. . . But the Wildcats had a high jumper and the Gophersa vaulter, i.e. in events not involved in the preliminaries.. . .Haphazard ideas separated, like this, by a string ofperiods are the bane of columns .... Since they do notenforce rigorous and logical thought. . . .They are immoral. . . .Let us have done with them.Soda Fountain CriminalsDR. ANTON J. CARLSON, professor of physiology at the University of Chicago,suggests a tax on fat people who try to get fatter, and on those who aid andabet them. The good doctor considers that obese men or women, boys or girls, whogorge at drugstore fountains and in candy shops are retarding the war effort. Thewaitress or soda jerker who passes out this goo is, in the professor's opinion, an aidand an accessory and, what's more, a saboteur.The remedy he suggests is a tax of $20 for every pound the citizen weighswhich is over the normal weight for his or her size and years. He admits the measure of the culpability of the soda-jerker is more difficult to set. But he feels thelatter should have the courage, after a study of the customer's contour, to say:"Sorry, ma'am, but I'm not risking my job."— The Chicago Sun'LL NEVER FORGET . . .The department of extracurricular reminiscencegets under wayOne Day in HarperMemory and significance are often two differentthings. Only an alumnus of the University ofChicago, where terminology is or used to be anexacting science, would burden his mental life with thedistinction. And yet some apology is needed for a memory in which the trifling remains long after the tremendous is forgotten — especially where the trifle is a verbaltrifle.It occurred in the abdication speech of Edward VIIIof Great Britain, some time in December of 1936. Thissignal utterance is a part of my University memories because I heard it in the catalog room of the main libraryin Harper. In this compact, orderly, and industriousplace, we did not often establish direct connections withcurrent history. That day, however, about twenty-five ofus found a functioning radio on the exchange desk. Iarrived in time to hear, incredulously, the mellow jarringof the Westminster chimes; and a voice announced hismajesty, the King of England.We all knew what the king would have to say; thepapers had told us that. He was giving a performancefor which the requirements were known. So we werefree to regard the subtle points of this medieval dramaand to admire the British capacity for precise and definitive speech in a time of crisis.The king spoke up like a man, of course, with honestyand with implied reserves of honesty. In the faces of theUniversity audience about me, I thought I saw deep interest qualified by amusement — amusement for the anachronism of medieval drama current on the radio in theUniversity of Chicago library. Then the king used aphrase which dropped like a mild bomb upon the closeattention of our group. He referred to "the Englishrace."Most of the twenty-five, I think, smiled instantly. Somerepeated the word "race" under their breath. And alook of superior knowledge rippled through the group.It was a mild bomb, soon over. But the king, ofcourse, should have said the English nation, not the English "race." And we all knew it. We knew that theEnglish race, like the French race, the German race, theJewish race, is a mythical entity, a fiction of journalists,politicians, men in the street, and students of other universities.To say that we looked superior is not quite fair. We looked, too, as if we regretted that so memorable an occasion as this had been marred by a failure of semantics.And even more we regretted the obviousness of the error,the clear indication that false ideas of race were so deeplyentrenched in people's thinking that our knowledge ofproper terminology was impotent against them.The immediate reason for my knowing the differencebetween the two terms and concepts, race and nation,was that I had taken Professor Fay Cooper-Cole's introductory course in anthropology. He knew the difference.Several others of that group in Harper had taken hiscourse, too. But even if I hadn't known the exact difference, I would have gathered from the tone of this littleaudience that Edward had climaxed a possible series ofblunders with a mistake in diction that revealed a deficiency of understanding, not especially in him but invirtually all of those to whom he spoke.The intellectual tone of the University of Chicago inmy recent day was like that. It worked well, whereknowledge was lacking, as a preservative against unconscious error.But, as usual, we were a small group that day inHarper, few enough for even the smallest bomb.—Thomas D. Howells, A.B. '37, A.M. '38.Bulbochaete in January1 think of what happened when Ching-Yueh Chang,a fellow graduate student in botany, and I fished forChlorophyceae through the ice on the Botany Pond. Itwas the middle of January- — and mighty cold. We wondered particularly whether we would find any Bulbochaete, a genus of blue-green algae we had found therethe spring before. There was none under the ice near theedge of the pond, so we crept out farther. No Bulbochaete. A little farther — and suddenly — we were in thepond together. We forgot all about Chlorophyceae inour dash back to the warm laboratory to dry out ourselves and our clothes — but the experience will alwayslinger in our memories.—I. P. Daniel, S.M. '26.Gargoyles, Squirrels, and MonotoneGargoyles: Wherever I turn — are you laughing atme — self-conscious boy from the country? — thenlaugh! who put you there — and why? — part of all thismystery. ...Squirrels: You're the human touch on this campus;you sit on the other end of my bench — and beg! Todayit's peanuts — tomorrow, mints; you invade my pockets-inquisitive, greedy — my friends!Sleepy monotone: Dr. E., shall I ever forget you? Overthe years, now ten, now twenty, now thirty — you are with1516 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEme, and your calm, quiet, dreamy voice — a chant — haseven now its old charm — I sleep!—George E. Prinsen, Ph.B. '20, A. M. '38.My Teachers:Fragments of Cherished MemoriesTheir lectures merge into the general background ofmy education — a fading blur. . .Their behavior asmen is indelibly etched on my memory, and the passingyears bring their personalities into ever sharper focus.James B. Herrick is one of the world's great clinicians.The dean of living cardiologists needs no panegyrics. Imerely record my first contact with him. I was just ajunior medic going for the first time to the old southamphitheatre at Rush Medical College out on West Harrison street in Chicago. The scuffed benches curved upto the pale autumn sun that filtered dully through thedingy windows. The worn tile floor of the demonstration space was a drab white. The 40 watt globe of autilitarian hospital floor lamp glowed pallidly on thisbleak setting of a charity clinic. The students were clattering on the steps, chatting carelessly while the old dienerwas bustling about below with a blackboard, some chairs,and other trappings. . . .Suddenly, very quietly, a little bearded man strolledinto the amphitheatre, paused in the center, looked up atthe heedless crowd. He was faultlessly groomed, exquisitely neat with every white hair in place. It was hispleasant smile, his compelling, luminous eyes that instantly drew and held attention. A dominant personalitythat almost visibly vibrated magnetism. ... In a veryquiet voice he began to speak in the suddenly hushedroom.And then the very first case was brought in : a littleold lady who was obviously terrified. With what gorgeoustact and grand ballroom courtesy did he turn to her,thank her for coming, make her feel at ease! What amagnificent exhibition of human sympathy ! She had ananeurysm of the descending aorta which, by the way, hediagnosed without use of laboratory aids deemed so essential these days. It was in itself a masterpiece of clinicalacumen. A tour-de-force of skilful use of those wonderfuleyes and virtuoso hands.But that is not why I remember that afternoon. WhenI think of what an idealized family physician should be-when I set a goal for myself — over the years I see moreand more clearly that little tableau of Dr. Herrick takingthat poor mite of ill humanity by the hand and gravelythanking her for the favor she did him to appear beforehis students. . .Prof. Julius Stieglitz, chairman of the Department ofChemistry at the University for many years, was a remote Olympian to the general student. His trim andprecise figure, with the pointed goatee and slightlySatanic grin, striding down the corridors of Kent hadmuch of the martinet savor of his post-graduate yearswith von Bayer in Berlin. His courses on organic chem- Other Alumni Will Enjoy Your Recollections.Long or Short— Send Your MidwayMemories to:I'll Never Forget. . .The University of Chicago MagazineChicago, Illinoisistry were exquisite masterpieces : precisely at 4:30 P. M.he would start and precisely at 5 : 20 he was through. Hehad talked steadily for 50 minutes on alcohols, ketones,isomerism or what have you. The presentation was complete : nothing to add or subtract.One day I had to go through the little vestibule off thelecture room just before Stieglitz was due: I paused asI entered and stared. There was the old man standingquietly and concentrating intensely. In the loud silenceI could see him going over his coming lecture, ironingout the last tiny details: the unceasing quest for greaterclarity of thought. And then a glance at his largepocket watch, snapping it shut and striding out. WhenI see other speakers or have to appear before an audience myself, I frequently think of this great teacher standing there probing for greater lucidity, the more preciseword — and I hear the click of that watch. . .A. J. Carlson, professor of physiology, now emeritus,had quite a write-up in Time last year. His picture onthe cover was labeled, "Vot iss de effidence?" But littlepersonal anecdotes best describe his influence. As a rawfreshman I was dabbling fatuously at some forgotten little experiment. Suddenly I was aware of a man standingover my shoulder and gazing with visible contempt at mydesultory maneuvers. He screwed his face up andgrunted, "Ach, how can anybody be such a Gott-damnedfool?" Years later I heard him say to a gathering, "WhenI see the same mistake being made year after year, I getdiscouraged; I forget it is a different freshman makingthe same mistake."He rarely simply told his students what to do. Withamazing patience he would spend hours, puffing at hispipe, listening to hopeless twaddle. Sooner or later, however, the conference would terminate with the studenthimself stumbling on the right approach. It was thiscommon touch — among other things — that bred suchwonderful loyalty among all who were privileged to bein contact with him. And when the blunt truth wasneeded — well, I remember "Ajax" telling me one day,"You're a goot man but no genius and you belong to thewrong church — stick to medicine and don't ask me for ajob teaching!" . . .Dr. Richard Jaffe, pathologist at the Cook CountyHospital of Chicago — cut off in his prime before he wasfifty — what a grand man he was! Amazing erudition instantly available with a most charming deprecatory smile.I look up on the wall and see his photograph: marvel-ously caught by Thorek as he usually was — relaxed, smil-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17ing over his microscope, ready to talk. To attend hisweekly clinic was a rite. The great attending men likeTice and Carr, the internes, the students and nurses — upto the rafters the amphitheatre was packed by men who'dhang on 'his every word of mangled English. This littlerotund Viennese refugee had by sheer intellectual eminence created the greatest pathology clinic in the world.But that is not my most cherished memory of him. Oneday a lowly back-bencher posed a point during a casediscussion. I can still see his face light up, "Py golly, dotiss fine ! I neffer thought of dot ..." Only a great mancould say that — simply, unaffectedly, as a matter ofcourse. . .One could go on in this vein but the hour is late and there is work tomorrow. . .—Arnold Lieberman, S.B., '24, M.D. '28, Ph.D. '31Drama and Parting AdviceI'll never forget tall, august, venerable Richard GrdenMoulton squaring his shoulders as he stood before usin The Bible as Literature class — saying, "Now I will giveyou a dramatic presentation of the Book of Job." Afterwards, we couldn't wait to read whatever book he dramatized. And his parting advice at the end of the quarter :"I am sorry we must part, young people. I leave onethought with you. Do not use function as a verb moreoften than you have to."— Caryl Cody Pfanstiehl, Ph.B. '15.From More Than Lorea /\ RATHER AMUSING INSTANCE," wrote Marion Talbot, Dean of Women during World War I, "occurred when Lexington Hall was taken over for use as amess hall. Early in the morning the whole Corps was marched to the Hall for breakfastwith military precision; but, as only one section at a time could be accommodated,ranks were broken and the hungry left-overs, many of them chafing to be about theirbusiness, made themselves as comfortable as they could sitting on the curbstone untilthey could enter the Hall, when the breakfasted group would take their places onthe curb. Then, when all had been fed, all marched away. But sitting on the curbgave no occupation except to stare up at Beecher Hall. As this was the time of daywhen the women students were rising, they had to do some gymnastics to roll out ofbed, creep along the floor in their night clothes, and do some sleight of hand to getthe windows closed without being seen by the United States Army."18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINENEWS OF THE CLASSESVictory s Librarian — Althea Warren, 08On Friday afternoon, November14, Charles H. Brown, presidentof the American Library Association,put through a long distance call fromNew York to Los Angeles. As a result,Althea Warren was given a leave ofabsence from the Los Angeles PublicLibrary to act as national director ofthe Victory Book Campaign — thecampaign to pull 10,000,000 booksfrom the shelves and attics of America's homes for America's armedforces.Not long afterward, Miss Warrenwas in a plane flying across the country to begin her new job in NewYork. As she looked at the panoramabelow, she could not help thinking ofit in terms of the campaign she wasabout to direct. "As hour after hour our land unfolded below, I was impressed withits vastness," she wrote. "I wonderedhow we could ever tell the people inall those homes about the VictoryBook Campaign and ask for theirbooks! I would have been appalledat the hugeness of the undertaking ifI had not realized that all the librarians in America will surely share thetask."Althea Warren was born on December 18, in 1886, the daughter ofLansing and Emma Newhall (Blodg-ett) Warren, in Waukegan, Illinois.After graduation from WaukeganHigh School, she came to the University of Chicago, where she was amember of the senior hockey team,was on the cabinet of the YoungALTHEA WARREN '08, national director of the VictoryBook Campaign, receives a contribution from Mayor LaGuardia of New York. William Hepner of the Red Crosslooks on. Women's Christian League, and waselected to Phi Beta Kappa. She received her Ph.B. in 1908.Miss Warren later attended theUniversity of Wisconsin's libraryschool, from which she received acertificate in 1911. After a year as abranch librarian in the Chicago Public Library, followed by two years aslibrarian of Sears Roebuck and Company, Miss Warren became librarianof the San Diego Public Library.It was there that she had her firstchance at war library work — duringthe first world war, Miss Warren recalls. "Camp Kearny within sixmiles of San Diego opened with noprovisions for reading for the soldiers.A drive for books was initiated . . .and librarians . . . were contributedby various libraries of California untilthe American Library Associationtook over all military and naval bookservice in the United States andabroad."If the experience of librarians inthe last war is repeated this time,probably only about half the book donations will be suitable for the menin service. The manual for state andlocal directors of the campaign instructs them: "Be ruthless in relegating to the wastepaper pile all obviously mediocre and worthless books.. . We refer to that sort of readingmatter of the romantic school girland adolescent variety and not to theblood curdling mystery and therough ridin' and shootin' Westernwhich are a part of nearly everyman's reading diet."Not one copy of Elsie Dinsmorewill slip through the censorship of thewatchful librarians who have thetremendous task of sorting the donations.However, Miss Warren makesclear, "not all of the books rejectedas selectees for the armed forces willbe sold for old paper." Many will goto children's hospitals, library projects in industrial areas, and the like.The books, like movies, are gradedA and B. Recent technical books,(none earlier than 1935) are in greatdemand. Especially needed are textson aviation and radio. Books on current affairs and history are soughtTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOafter; poems, plays, and essays alsofind eager readers in the armedforces. Fiction, especially adventurefiction, is popular. So are historicalnovels.Because the draft Army representsan excellent cross section of the entire male population, Mis$ Warrenfeels that you will be pretty sure ofgiving a book they will like if it is abook you yourself enjoyed.Althea Warren has red hair, hazeleyes, a sense of humor, and inexhaustible supplies of energy that keep herworking fourteen hours a day everyday of the Victory Book Campaign.When she returns to her less harriedjob as librarian of the Los AngelesPublic Library, she will return alsoto her hobbies — walking gardening,and collecting the works of Englishand American humorists. B. S.? IN THE SERVICE ?Madeline Young, '31, a secondlieutenant, A.N.C., will be abroad"for the duration" in the service ofher country.William J. Mather, '17, formerbursar of the University who was instrumental in founding the University's Institute of Military Training,has been promoted from the rank ofmajor to that of lieutenant colonel inthe Chicago Ordnance District. InAugust, 1941, he received a leave ofabsence from the University in orderto begin active duty with the UnitedStates Army.Clinton B. Basler, '40, is servingin the Army at Camp Croft, S. C.Roy Dee Keehn, Jr., JD, '04, isa major at the S.&F. Cavalry Schoolat Fort Riley, Kansas.N. H. Pumpian, '24, recently received his commission as a lieutenantin the United States Naval Reserve.His destination has not been disclosed.James A. Walter, '40, is a cadetflight commander with the U. S. AirCorps at Tulsa, Okla.Rulon Fullmer Howe, M.D. '37,a first lieutenant in the Air Corps, isstationed near Tucson, Arizona.Morgan Blum, a staff sergeantwho was a graduate student at theUniversity last year, is now a memberof Battery B at the Officer Candidates Schol, Camp Davis, NorthCarolina.Morton John Barnard, PhB '26,JD '27, a captain in the Army SignalCorps, is now in Puerto Rico. MEMO: TO RUSH ALUMNIIN ME: ANNUAL MEETINGThe annual business meetingand dinner of the Rush MedicalCollege Alumni Associationwill be held one evening thisJune — either on the 15th or the16th. Rush alumni are reminded to keep both dates openuntil one of the two is definitelydecided upon and announced.Charles J. Tlapa, SB '39, is at theEdgewood Arsenal in Maryland.Frederick W. Linden, Jr., AB '40,has won his Navy "wings" and hiscommission as a flying ensign in theU. S. Naval Reserve, after eight MAGAZINE 19months of advanced flight training atthe Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Fla.He has been ordered to flying dutyat Norfolk, Va.Norman L. Baldwin, SB, '11, whohas the rank of lieutenant colonel inthe Signal Corps, has been transferred from Fort Bliss, Texas, to Providence, R. I.Frank W. Van Kirk, Jr., MD '38,is attached to the station hospital atFort Custer, Mich.Gainer Brown Jones, LLB '24, amajor on the staff of the 3rd Army,has headquarters in San Antonio,Texas.Harold Feldman, AM '38, is serving at the recruiting reception centerat Fort Devon, Massachusetts.Richard E. Jacques, '40, is a fly-~|§n Glje tjnitiersitp of ChicagoVj^/ uraveRsrcp coilcggI N THE LOOPEVENINGSLATE AFTERNOONS, SATURDAYSCollege, Professional, Business,Public Service and Statistics CoursesTwo Hours Once or Twice a WeekSpring Quarter, Mar. 30 to June 20; Registration, March 26-28PUBLIC LECTURESf WOMEN'S LEGAL PROBLEMS IN A WORLD AT WAR— 10 lecture-conferences by™ ' Fam Tucker (April 13 to June 15) 7:00-8:30 P MCELTIC ROMANCE AND EUROPEAN LITERATURE— 5 illustrated lectures by Tom PeeteCross (April 7 to May 5) 6:45-7:45 P.M•WORLD » WAR II: THE OPPOSING ARMIES— 5 lectures by Hugh M. Cole (May 12 toJune 9) 6:45-7:45 P.M.*F99P^^?FI^ FITNESS — 5 illustrated lectures by Anton J. Carlson (April 15 to May 13)b:45-/:45 P.M.f MILITARY LAW— 10 lecture-conferences by Max Rheinstein (April 8 to June 10) 7:00-9:00 P.M. Course ($6.60 inc. tax).f PATHS OF LIFE FOR CONTEMPORARY MAN— 10 lecture-conferences by Charles W.Morris (April 9 to June 11) 7:00-8:30 P.M.*THE UNITED STATES AND LATIN AMERICA— 5 lectures by J. Fred Rippy (April 10 toMay 8) 7:00-8:30 P.M.•UNITED STATES-JAPANESE RELATIONS BEFORE PEARL HARBOR— 5 lectures byDonald F. Lach (May 15 to June 12) 6:45-7:45 P.M.*Course/ $1.65; single admission $0.55 including tax.f Course $5.50 and $6.60 including tax. No single admission.For detailed information, see Public Lecture Announcement.For detailed Public Lecture Announcement, addressUNIVERSITY COLLEGE18 South Michigan Avenue Phone: DEA. 3673ALUMNI NEWS STORYEditor, News of the Classes: Here is a news item for the MAGAZINE.20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEing officer in the 55th Pursuit Squadron, U. S. Army Air Corps, at Randolph Field, Texas.Edward H. Heneveld, MD '39, isnow on active duty with the Army asa first lieutenant in the MedicalCorps.Arthur L. Funk, AM '37, at present is training for a commission as ensign, deck duty, in the U. S. N. R.Midshipmen's School in Chicago.Capt. James K. Kneussl, PhB '25,JD '27, is stationed with the U. S.Army Air Corps at the Lubbock ArmyFlying School, in Lubbock, Texas.Morris Flignor, '39, who is in theArmy, is stationed at the 107th M.R.T.C., Camp Robinson, Little Rock,Arkansas.Conrad Reining, who received hiscommission as a second lieutenant inthe R.O.T.C. in Ohio and was doinggraduate work in the University'sSchool of Social Science Administration, is now stationed at Camp Robinson.Milton Wittman, AM '34, whohas his commission as a lieutenant, isin the Classification Service at FortKnox, Kentucky.1893"Chief item of news in my case isthat I am to be visiting professor ofphilosophy at San Jose State Collegeduring the spring quarter this year",reports Edward O. Sis son, of Carmel, California, professor emeritus ofReed College.1904George P. Jackson, PhD '11, ishead of the German Department atVanderbilt University, Nashville,Tenn. He has sponsored "The OldHarp Singers of Nashville", a smallchoral group of national fame.1907Members of the American Association for the advancement of Scienceelected William E. Wrather, PhB,of Dallas, Texas, consulting geologistand mining engineer of the society.1908Leon Metzinger, PhD '14, is headof the Modern Language Departmentat North Dakota State AgriculturalCollege, Fargo, North Dakota.1909Walter Fred Sanders, AM '17,dean of Park College, Parkville,Missouri, in addition to his other activities has published many articles oneducation. 1915Ellen L. Goebel, AM, PhD '31,is a department head at the University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma.1916Hal E. Norton is teaching a courseon the purpose and program of thechurch at the Milwaukee ChristianLeadership School, and reports thatthe Youth Church Plan is workingvery well in his church.1917Students Betsy Piatt, '44, and JulePiatt, '43, are the daughters of formeralumni Casper Platt, JD '16, andMrs. Platt (Jeanette B. Regent,'17).Marie Wollmann Lohrentz hasbeen superintendent of a girls' schoolin Kai Chow Hopei, China, for sixyears.1918Lydia E. Frotscher, PhD, is headof the Department of German atSophie Newcomb College, TulaneUniversity, New Orleans, La.1919Arthur E. Wald, PhD, dean ofthe College of Liberal Arts at Augustana College, Rock Island, Illinois,was. instrumental in founding theAugustana Institute of Swedish Culture, of which he is now director.1920Lon Ray Call, DB, is minister ofthe newly organized Beverly Unitarian Fellowship Church of Chicago.1921Harry M. Shutman, PhB, who isa research criminologist, is an instructor at the College of the City of NewYork.Dorothy V. Harjes Davis, AM'25, is chairman of the HumanitiesDepartment of the Chicago Teachers'College.Dwight Sanderson, PhD, Professor of Rural Sociology at Cornell University, has been elected President ofthe American Sociological Society for1942.1922After a year at the KennedySchool of Missions where he receivedhis PhD, Martin Samuel Eng wall,PhB, has returned to the BelgianCongo, Africa, and is in charge ofthe educational work at Vanga.1923John Woodard, PhD, has accepteda position at Cedarville College,Cedarville, Ohio, as Professor ofBiological Chemistry. 1926Mrs. Edwin F. Moore (Sara L.Boom, PhB), has been appointed Associate Director of Education at theStarr Commonwealth for Boys at Albion, Michigan.Donald J. McGinnis, PhB, livesin New York at present and managesan orchestra.Milton W. Brown, AM, has beenelected superintendent of schools atGlen Ridge, New Jersey, beginningJuly 1, 1942.1927Ray C. Petry, AM, PhD '32, assistant professor of church history inthe Divinity School of Duke University, Durham, North Carolina haswritten a book, "Francis of Assisi,Apostle of Poverty," which was published in November.Harriet P. Ray, PhB, has been appointed research assistant in the Department of Education of the University of Chicago.W. Earl Breon recently took overthe duties of director of public relations at Colorado Woman's College,Denver, Colorado.Eleanor Campbell Nate, '27, isgiving private and small group instruction in Spanish.6RESrCCOlA*GEOffers young men and womenunexcelled preparation for business careers in the shortest timeconsistent with thoroughness.StenographicSecretarialCourt ReportingBookkeeping andAccountingDAY AND EVENING SESSIONSThe Year 'RoundCall for FREE vocational guidance booklet "The Doorway ToOpportunity." Visit the collegeany week day.(co-educational)The Gregg CollegePresident, John Robert Gregg, S.C.D.Director, Paul M. Pair, M.A.6 N. Michigan Avenue at Madison StreetState 1881THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 211929The Mayor of the City of Lansing,Michigan, Sam Street Hughes, JD,was recently appointed by GovernorVan Wagoner of Michigan as chairman of the Council of Defense forboth Ingham County and the City ofLansing.Dr. Morton L. Wadworth, MD'35, is the physician in charge ofmen's service at Butler Hospital,Providence, R. I.Mrs. Joseph A. Tuta (Lorene M.Marley, MS), is a substitute teacherof mathematics at Wright Junior College.Lois Smith Vaught, AM, and herhusband, Arnold Vaught, who aremissionaries in China, lost their homeand school in Chungking when thebuildings were bombed and completely destroyed in August.Any time she can spare from herthree children, Marcella River Lehmann, PhB, devotes to the consumer'scooperative movement. She is veryactive in this society and is editor ofits publication for the South Shoredistrict.1930Elizabeth P. Lam, PhD '39, wasappointed Dean of Women and assistant professor of philosophy andand religion at Occidental College,California, last September 1.1931Phillip Johnson, AM, acceptedthe pastorate of the First BaptistChurch of Chicago after a highly successful 5 -year pastorate at City Temple, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.Frederick W. Bachmann, PhD,chairman of the Department of Foreign Languages at the Texas Collegeof Mines, El Paso, Texas, is president of the Little Theatre there.1932Ralph M. Light makes his homein Champaign, Illinois where he isdistrict agent for the Equitable LifeInsurance Company of Iowa.HIGHEST RATED IN UNITED STATESENGRAVERS SINCE 1906 ?WORK DONE BY ALL PROCESSES i+ ESTIMATES GLADLY FURNISHED 4* ANY PUBLISHER OUR REFERENCE -IURAYNER^" DALHEIM &CO. *205* W. LAKE ST., CHICAGO. 1933Ralph B. Bowersox, SM '34,PhD '38, formerly at the Universityof Toledo, has taken a new positiondoing research work for defense atHarvard University's Cruft Laboratory.Erik Wahlgren, PhD '38, is nowAssistant Professor of Languages atthe University of California. He became the father of a son, Nels Eriksson, last December 21st.Mrs. Lloyd G. Frost, PhB, is aCivilian Defense worker in Omaha,Nebraska.Russell Hastings, AB, is abuilder and contractor in Tucson,Arizona. Effective February 12, JohnAlbright was appointed acting chiefof the census of business, with officesin Washington, D. C.Winton V. Hanson, PhB, makeshis home in Milwaukee and is traveling freight and passenger agent forthe Western Pacific Railroad Company.1934Stewart Fulton, MD, who is stationed in India, is expected home onfurlough at Rockford, 111.Charles H. A. Vette, MBA '41,is an instructor in accounting andbusiness mathematics at Maher's Business College at Kalamazoo, Michigan.Louise Gladys Horn, PhB, isDifferent^**^ Deliriously Diffeiore Easy to Make with? TASTY/? CHEWY/?CRUNCHY/Try thisDelightfulFUN TO MAKEFUN TO EAT/CURTISS CANDY COMPANY/ CHICAGO, ILL. |_Ad Ho. IO.33U0U Cook Book How to Make DeliciousBABY BUTH COOKIESV4 cup butter, or other shortening2A cup white sugarleggIH cups flourV2 teaspoon sodaV2 teaspoon saltV4 teaspoon vanilla2 Curtiss Baby Ruth bars, cut in small piecesCream butter and sugar until smooth.Beat in egg. Stir in other ingredients.Chill and drop by half teaspoonful ongreased cookie sheet. Bake in a moderately hot oven (375° F.) for 10-12 minutes. Makes 50 cookies. To make a barcookie, bake cookie dough in an 8' by12' cake pan at 375° F. for 15-20 minutes. Cool slightly and cut into bars.CURTISS CANDY CO., CHICAGO, ILL.22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEmanager of a travel office in Clearwater, Florida.1935Leslie Harvey Wald, JD '37, isconnected with the Opinions Department, a division of the Treasury Department, in Washington, D. G.1936Edgar G. Cumings, PhD, is JuniorDean at the University of Rochester,Rochester, N. Y.Charles T. R. Adams, former BigTen gymnastic champion, is nowAgency Secretary for the DisabilityDivision of the Continental CasualtyCo., Chicago,1937Ralph O. Baird, SB, is a range examiner for the Grazing Service atRawlins, Wyoming.Mildred Estelle Carson, AM,has been teaching English and typewriting in the Hooppole, Illinois,High School since January 26.Victor Tepper, j37 of Newark,N. J. is Examining Physician for hisDraft Board and Head of me Dispensary Hernia Clinic. He says hisfavorite avocations are golf and "having fun with my little girl33"I don't feel that I can tell you ofits nature," writes Roland Peterson,SB, of his defense work as a chemistin the research laboratories of theBUSINESS DIRECTORYAMBULANCE SERVICEBOYDSTON .BROS.All phones OAK. 0492operatingAuthorized Ambulance Servicefor Billings HospitalUniversity Clinics, etc.PACKARD AND LASALLE EQUIPMENTAUTOMOBILESFRED W. REMBOLD, INC.6130 Cottage Grove Ave*DODGE and PLYMOUTHDirect Factory DealersSales and ServiceDependable Used CarsPhone Midway 0506AWNINGSPhones Oakland 0690— 069 5— 0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning C©0/INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove Avenue Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation, at South Charleston, WestVirginia.Herbert S. Breyfogler, MD, isphysician and pathologist in the Department of Legal Medicine at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.1938On last November 1, Paul E.Twining, PhD, became associate professor of psychology at the Universityof Akron at Akron, Ohio."I enjoy all parts of the teachingprocess except preparing for classesand determining grades," writesThomas Howells, AM, who sinceautumn, 1938, has been teachingAmerican and British literature, freshman English, and newspaper andmagazine article writing at WhitmanCollege, Walla Walla, Washington.Howard Niederman, SM, hastaken his Master's degree at the University of California and been appointed Chemical Engineer in the fertilizer works, Wilson Dam, Alabama.Gordon A. Adams, PhD, is a research chemist with the National Research Council at Ottawa, Canada.1939John E. Fagg, MA, is at the AirCorps Training Center at MaxfieldField, Ala., where he teaches historyand Spanish,Benjamin F. Brooks, PhD., formerly with the Department of Economics at Butler University, is nowSenior Review and Negotiations Officer with the U. S. Civil ServiceCommission at Washington, D. C.Galen W. Ewing, PhD, has beenappointed to do research in physicalchemistry with the Winthrop Chemical Company at Rensselaer, NewYork, beginning June 1, 1942.Joseph E. Reeve, PhD, is SeniorFiscal Analyst of the Bureau of theBudget at Washington, D. C.Grace I. Gunn is a statistician withthe Dept. of Labor at Washington,D. G.In September of this year, JamesW. Brown, AM, will take up his duties in the Department of Visual Education of the Central WashingtonCollege of Education, Ellensburg,Washington.1940Richard Wheeler, '40, and hiswife (Margaret E. Smith) are making their home in Cincinnati, wherehe is employed by the Container Corporation.En route to Miami, Kenneth H.Vanderford, PhD, writes that he hasresigned the position he held as Assistant to the Director of the CulturalRelations division for the Coordina- BOiLEft REPAIRINGBEST BOSLEE iEPAEi & WELDINU CQa24-HOUR SERVICELICENSED - BONDEDINSUREDQUALIFIED WELDERSHAYmarket 79171404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoBOOKSMEDICAL BOOKSof AS! PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andali New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEAKMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical CollegeCATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900—0901Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882CEMENT CONTRACTORST. A. REHNQUIST CO.v- — ^™jr CONCRETEFLOORSSIDEWALKS1ACHSNE FOUNDATIONSMASTIC FLOORSALL PHONESWentworth 4422So. Vernon Ave.EST. 19296639CHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, 'Ii'B. R. Harris, '21Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6COALEASTMAN COAL CO.Established 1902YARDS ALL OYER TOWNGENERAL OFFICES342 M Oakley Blvd.Telephone Seeley 4488THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23COALWasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phones: Wentworth 8620-1-2-3-4Wesson's Coal Makes Good — or—Wesson DoesCOFFEE-TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209-13 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1350Boston — New York— Philadelphia— SyracuseELECTRICAL CONTRACTORSWM. FECHT ELECTRIC CO.CONTRACTORS - ENGINEERSLIGHT & POWER CONSTRUCTION600W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneSeeley 2788ELECTRICAL SUPPLIESENGLEWOODELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO.Distributors, Manufacturers and Jobbers ofELECTRICAL MATERIALS ANDFIXTURE SUPPLIES5801 EnglewoodS. Halsted Street 7500EMPLOYMENTCOLOREDDOMESTIC HELPFurnishedDay or NightReferences investigated.Englewood Employment Agency5530 S. State Phone-Englewood 3 1 8 1 -3 1 82Street Night-Englewood 3181Established 20 yearsENGRAVERS tor of Inter- American Affairs and hasbeen detailed to Ecuador for an indefinite time on a confidential mission.Frances Monson is a statisticalclerk with the Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company.Dolores F. Moore, SM, whosearticle, "We Feed Them All" appeared in the December, 1941 issueof Practical Home Economics, isfoods teacher and cafeteria managerat the new, modern Sumner HighSchool of Kansas City, Kansas.Chauncey D. Harris, PhD, is inthe Office of Coordination of Information, Washington, D. C, alongwith several other University of Chicago alumni including RichardHartshorne, PhD '24, EdwardUllman, SB '34, and ClarenceO'Dell, PhB '37.1941Kenneth Baldus, MBA, is associate professor of economics and business administration at Parsons College, Farfield, Iowa.Evalyn B. Bayle, PhD, is teachingEnglish and reading in the BloomTownship High School, ChicagoHeights, Illinois, for the remainder ofthe school year.Another of the University's countless alumni now in Washington,Alexander J. Morin, AB, iseconomist in the Industrial RelationsDivision of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor.Mrs. Morin (Emily F. Shield, AB'41), is educational director and headteacher at the Silver Spring-TacomaPark Cooperative Nursery School inSilver Spring, Maryland.Since September, Rosaltha H.Sanders, PhD, has been serving asassistant to the chief chemist at theNutrition Research Laboratories inChicago.Martin J. Hanley, AM '41, hasaccepted a position as chemist withthe Continental Roll and Steel Foundry, East Chicago, Indiana. Mr. Hanley was married in February.SOCIAL SERVICEThe Alumni Association of theSchool of Social Service Administration is holding an informal discussionmeeting on March 15th from 4 to 6at Ida Noyes Hall, to discuss the subject of "Personnel Problems in SocialWelfare During War Time."Marjorie J. Smith, AM '38, amember of the field work staff of theSchool, conducted an institute at Winnipeg, Canada, from March 2ndthrough the 7 th under the auspicesof the Council of Social Agencies ofWinnipeg and of the Canadian-American Association of Social Workers.The group participating in the In- GRAPHIC ARTSTHE SCRIPTORIUMScribes • Illuminators • BindersC L RICKETTS JASPER S KINGIf it is said to last a lifetime or longer, sayit sincerely with well-chosen words in beautiful, imperishable designMESSAGES OF APPRECIATION, RESOLUTIONS, ILLUMINATED INSCRIPTIONS,MEMORIALS; BIRTHDAY, CHRISTMASAND GUEST BOOKS; CRESTS, COATSOF ARMS, TITLE PAGES•DIPLOMAS, CITATIONS,HONORARY DEGREES, CHARTERSValued papers and letters restoredand bound38 SOUTH DEARBORN STREETDEARBORN 0001 CHICAGOGROCERIESLEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: Hyde Park 9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERLAUNDRIESSUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 5110LETTER SERVICEPOND LETTER SERVICEEverything in LettersHooven TypewritingMultigraphingAddressograph Service MimeographingAddressingMailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones 418 So. Market St.Harrison 8118 ChicagoLITHOGRAPHERE. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planogroph — Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 8182OFFICE FURNITURE5TEELCASEJEStxsiness Eqizlprtt&zrt 0C FILING CABINETSDESKS — LOCKERSUPBOARDS — SHELVIN< "»Meti il Office FurnitureGrand Rapids* Michigan Co.24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEstitute represented workers from thevarious agencies in Winnipeg.Jane Moore, AM '31, field workinstructor in case work, has been onleave of absence during the winterquarter as Acting Director of theChildren's Division of the Council ofSocial Agencies of Chicago.OPTICIANSNELSON OPTICAL CO.1138 East63 rd StreetHyde Park5352Dr. Nels R. Nelson, OptometristPAINTERSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzie 3186RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING & DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMonroe 3192PHOTOGRAPHERMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMNIPLASTERINGHOWARD F. NOLANPLASTERING, BRICKandCEMENT WORKREPAIRING A SPECIALTY5341 S. Lake Park Ave.Telephone Dorchester 1579PRINTERSCLARKE-McELROYPUBLISHING CO.6140 Cottage Grove AvenueMidway 3935"Good Printing of All Descriptions" Mr. Sidney Teller, an alumnusof the School of Civics and Philanthropy, spoke to the students at theSchool on February 25th on the subject of "The Increasing Problem ofLeisure."On leave of absence from the Country Home for Convalescent Children,in West Chicago, Illinois, where sheis principal, Loretta M. Miller,AM '38, is working toward a doctorate in the education of the handicapped, at Teachers College, Columbia.William Omer Foster has accepted a position as teacher of socialscience in North Georgia College. Hewas formerly an extension teacher atAtlantic Christian College.BORNTo John J. Staunton and Mrs.Staunton (Eileen Humiston, '33) ason, John Jameson, Jr., on March 7at Lying In Hospital. John Jr. istheir second child, a brother of SusanMary.To Hogeland Bargalow, MBA '41,and Mrs. Barcalow (Elsie V. McCracken, MBA '41 ), a daughter,Martha Ann, on Christmas Day inAkron, Ohio.To Ivan Niven, PhD, '38 and Mrs.Niven (Betty Mitchell, '39), a son,Scott, on February 18th.To Charles C. Scott, PhD, MD,and Mrs. Scott, a daughter, VirginiaCarolyn, on December 23.To Harold G. Murphy, PhB '34,MBA '37, and Mrs. Murphy (Kathryn L. Hummel, '36), a daughter,Karen Lee, last August 28th in Atlanta, Georgia. The Murphys live inBoston, Massachusetts.To Mr. and Mrs. William H. Rapp(Elizabeth A. K. Steiner, PhB '29) ,a son, John Charles, on August 20th.To Ernest H. Dix, '36, and Mrs.Dix (Mary Jane Hector, '38), adaughter, Louise, on December 8,1941, in Chicago.To Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Darlington, Jr. (Alice Benning, PhB'29), a daughter, Alice Letitia, onSeptember 24, 1941, in Mount Kisco,N. Y.ENGAGEDMiss Georgia Anderson of Geneva,Wisconsin, to Dudley Zinke, '42,who expects to report for duty insome branch of the service after hisgraduation from the Law School inMarch.Charlotte Rieger, to Irving Berlin,'41.Harriet Lindsey, '42, of BeverlyHills, to Ensign Frederick W. Lin- RESIDENTIAL HOTELSBLACKSTONEHALLanExclusive Women's Hotelin theUniversity of Chicago DistrictOffering Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALL5748Blackstone Ave. TelephonePlaza 3313Verna P. Werner, DirectorRESTAURANTSThe Best Place to Eat on the South SideCOLONIAL RESTAURANT6324 Woodlawn Ave.Phone Hyde Park 6324ROOFERSESTABLISHED 1908GROVEROOFINGFAirfax3206Gilliland6644 COTTAGE GROVE Av^ROOFING and INSULATINGRUGSAshjian Bros., inc.ESTABLISHED 1921Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED8066 South Chicago Phone Regent 6000I COMMERCIAL SCHOOLSNTENSIVESTENOGRAPHIC COURSEfor College People OnlySuperior training for practical, personal use or P*0*1"able employment. Course gives you dictation speed of100 words a minute in 100 days. Classes beginJanuary. April, July and October. Enroll Now-Write or phone for bulletin.BRYANT & STRATTON College18 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago Tel: RAN. I*7*MacCormac School ofCommerceBusiness Administration and SecretarialTrainingDAY AND EVENING CLASSESAccredited by the National Association of ^c*credited Commercial Schools. _A1170 E. 63rd St. H. P. 2130THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 25SHEET METAL WORKSECONOMY SHEET METAL WORKS•Galvanized Iron and Copper CornicesSkylights, Gutters, Down SpoutsTile, Slate and Asbestos Rooting1927 MELROSE STREETBuckingham 1893TEACHERS' AGENCIESAMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. JACKSON BOULEVARDCHICAGOA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college field.It is affliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work corers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.CLARK-BREWERTeachers Agency60th YearNationwide ServiceFive Offices — One Fee64 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoMinneapolis — Kansas City, Mo.Spokane — New Yorkpulseofficial student magazine published at the University ofChicagopresentsCampus News, Features, ShortStories, Poems, Humor, Prominent Authors.15c, I copy $1.25, 10 copiesFaculty Exchange, Box 97Be Informed; Read, Comprehend, Digest,pulse den Jr., who is assigned to the NavalAir Station at Pensacola, Florida.Veryl Janet Thorn strom, AB'41, to Roy Carl Nyberg, who expectsto receive a commission as lieutenantin the Army upon his graduationfrom the University of Illinois inJune.MARRIEDAlice Kelly of Wilmington, Del., toRalph O. Heuse, SM '37, on January 31, at Wilmington, Delaware.Maude Ethel Geary, PhB '31, toElliott W. Hodson, on New Year'sDay. At home, Oak Park Arms Hotel, Oak Park, Illinois.Leona M. Nelson, PhB '35, toLester B. Rickman, AM '40, whois minister of the First ChristianChurch of Plainview Texas, on February 7.Eleanor Anne Hartzler to HarryHamilton Cornelius, '40, on Thursday, March 5, in Downers Grove,Illinois.Jane Myers, '40, to Charles Rogers, on February 21, 1942. At home,134 Raymond Avenue Barrington,111.Dorothy Greta Califf, AM '41,to Lt. N. Allen Riley, SB '37, at amilitary candlelight service on February 14.Jean Scott, '42, to Warren J. De-laney, '38, on February 7, 1942, inBond Chapel. They will make theirhome in Chicago.Anne L. MacDougal, '41, to JohnD. Stearns, '40, on September 13,1941. At home, 1807 East 72ndStreet, Chicago.Lillian L. Young, '43, to Theodore Stritter, '41, who is an ensignm the Navy Air Corps, on February2, 1942, at Pensacola Florida. Theyare at home in Cocoa, Florida.DIEDMrs. Charles S. Boren (Mamie LeePollard, SB '11), on January 5, atLewiston, Idaho.Charles L. Best, SM '03, MD '04,at Freeport, Illinois. Dr. Best wasprominent in civic affairs and waswidely known.Mrs. James Wellard (May Sensing,SM '29) on February 16, in Chicago.Fred W. Upson, PhD '10, headof the Department of Chemistry atthe University of Nebraska, on February 10.Roberts B. Owen, PhD '14, onFebruary 4, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.Josiah L. Ambrose, MD '93, onJanuary 6, in Bay City, Michigan.Mrs. Kenneth Allen (ElisabethDenny Brown, AM '33) on January 10, at Marshall, Mo. TEACHERS' AGENCIESHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD.Telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, ill.Member National Associationof Teachers AgenciesGenerally recognized as one of tho leading TeachersAgencies of the United States.UNDERTAKERSBOYDSTON BROS., INC.UNDERTAKERSSince 18924227-29-31 Cottage Grove Ave.All Phones OAKIand 0492 UNIFORMSTailored Uniforms Made to MeasureWomen Doctors and Nurses, Stock sizeInterne SuitsANEDA McSWEENY1910 So. Ogden AvenueSEEley 3734 Evenings by Appointment VENTILATINGThe Haines CompanyVentilating and Air ConditioningContractors1929-1937 West Lake St.Phones Seeley 2765-2766-2767HAIR REMOVED FOREVERBEFORE AFTER20 Years' ExperienceFREE CONSULTATIONLOTTIE A. METCALFEELECTROLYSIS EXPERTG ra dilate N u rseMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused. Permanent removal of Hair fromFace, Eyebrows, Back of Neck or anypart of Body; destroys 200 to 600 HairRoots per hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Member American Assn. Medical Hydrology andPhysical Therapy. Also Elcclrologists Associationof Illinois$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705, Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.Perfect Loveliness Is Wealth in BeautyAlbert Teachers' Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 1885. Placement Bureau formen and women in all kinds of teachingpositions. Large and alert College andState Teachers' College departments forDoctors and Masters; forty per cent of ourbusiness. Critic and Grade Supervisors forNormal Schools placed every year in largenumbers; excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics, Business Administration, Music, and Art, secure finepositions through us every year. PrivateSchools in all parts of the country amongour best patrons; good salaries. Well prepared High School teachers wanted for cityand suburban High Schools. Special manager handles Grade and Critic work. Sendfor folder today.26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETHE CHICAGO PLAN—(Continued from page 4)been adopted by numerous colleges and universities.The syllabi for the general courses and the textbooks especially developed for the courses are used by manyinstitutions. After more than a decade of experience,the validity of the Plan has been adequately demonstrated.The clearcut redefinition of the Bachelor's degree interms of its significance in general education required alsoa redefinition of the content of that education. Guidancefor this reformulation was provided by experience in boththe College and the Four-Year College. The new curriculum includes English, social sciences, the humanities,biological sciences, physical sciences and mathematics,the fine arts, and foreign languages. It also provides,as did the original Chicago Plan, opportunity for a certain amount of concentration in fields of special interest.In its present form the University believes the ChicagoPlan establishes a program of liberal education havingdefinite and sound objectives, a curriculum which achievesthose ends, and a coherent organization through whichthe program can be administered.The emergency of war emphasizes the necessity ofeliminating waste and confusion in education as in otherareas of social organization. Repairs to the traditionaleducational structure are ineffective expedients; onlybasic reform can achieve the efficiency which is requirednow and will be required realistically to meet conditionsafter the war.Under the existing emergency conditions the University conceives that it has a special relation to its studentsand to the country. The Army and Navy are not ableto absorb immediately all men of military age. Industryand the government are not yet organized to replace menon noncombatant duty with women of college age. Students in the College are predominantly under the minimum selective service age of 20. The government wantsprofessional training of indispensable specialists, such asdoctors, physicists, and chemists, to be continued. Onlyin this group is the question of age relatively immaterial;for all others the time is limited or will be shortly.It is obviously the first obligation of the University toeducate its students as efficiently and rapidly as possiblewithout diluting the quality of that education. The quarter system, permitting year-round use of personnel andfacilities, and the educational policy as expressed in theChicago Plan, enable the University adequately to meetthe emergency need. Only minor adjustments have beenrequired, such as abolition of most holidays, extension of each quarter to twelve weeks, and adjustment of schedulesto permit a student to enter in any quarter.The new Bachelor's degree has a particular immediatevalue to those students who will be eligible for militaryservice. They will be able to complete a recognizableand definite stage of their education — the period of gen*eral education — and receive the degree in recognition ofthat achivement, before they enter the Army and Navy.Their educational experience will have been such as topermit them, after the war, to decide intelligently whetheror not they desire to engage in specialized study, and inwhat field.During the war, the University recognizes it has dutiesbeyond those of intellectual education. One such dutyis that of providing men who are to enter the servicesthe opportunity to obtain fundamental military trainingwhile they are students. The University therefore hasestablished the Institute of Military Studies, which issimilar to the basic R.O.T.C. training course. Eight supplemental and specialized courses also are given. Indicative of the results obtained is the fact that 79 per centof those instructed in marksmanship have won the Army'shighest rating of "expert" in small bore arms.The University also has made special efforts to insurethat students who must earn the cost of their educationshall be able to do so, in the present unsettled conditionsof a war economy and after. With the cooperation ofMarshall Field and Company it began in the autumn of1941 an experiment in regular part-time employment.Results have been so satisfactory that the plan has beenbroadened. Beginning with the Spring Quarter of 1942,classes are on a split-week schedule, Monday-Wednesday-Friday, or Tuesday-Thursday-Saturday. Thus two students may share one fulltime job. Those who do gainfulwork on their free days are in most cases permitted tocarry only two courses instead of the normal three. Byworking and studying four quarters a year, the calendarperiod of their education is not increased. Neither theemployed students nor those who do not work lose anyclass periods. The extension of the quarter to a uniformtwelve weeks, and the institution of supervised discussionand reading periods for the class days provide the normalamount of class work.The policies and procedures here outlined mean thatthe University of Chicago is the first major Americaninstitution to adjust itself completely to the 6-4-4 planof education, which many educators have been urgingfor decades. The University believes that this plan wouldhave developed and spread in normal times, in dye course.In time of crisis its logic has become doubly imperative,and the University would belie its tradition of pioneeringif it failed to take these steps.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOBOOKSThe United States and Civilization. By John U. Nef. Chicago.The University of Chicago Press.1942. $3.00.THE University of Chicago Presshas just released The UnitedStates and Civilization by John U.Nef, Professor of Economic Historyon the Midway.The book comprises a series of lectures under the imprint of theCharles R. Walgreen Foundation, isdedicated to Robert Maynard Hutchins and in general sparks the Gothicphilosophy which currently characterizes the upstairs thinking on theQuadrangles.It is a scholarly piece of workwhich stresses the current need of aspiritual revivification for the world,and particularly America, is excellently backgrounded and is sincerely,almost prayerfully, presented..Moreover it gives the impressionof being prepared by a man who holdshis knowledge and his intelligenceboth gracefully and securely as a vitalpart of his heart — not as a piece ofmerchandise to be hawked on the corner every hour on the hour. As suchit is refreshing. It is refreshing alsoto find a book which is basically acall to faith — and to a faith that cannot be measured statistically — scoffingat the hollowness of religious orthodoxy for the sake of orthodoxy, distinguishing between religious dogmaand the concept of an eternal good,and advocating that Christianity showitself to be something other than asmokescreen for the capitalistic system as laid down by the Manchesterschool of economics.Professor Nef recommends that we,as a nation, cast out what, to him,is the illusion that material progresswill bring with it all the good thingsof life and that we substitute in itsplace what he calls "goodness andhonor," — recapturing the ancient values of religion, philosophy and art.To do this, he sees the need of another reformation of all the Christian religions that will welcome men to thenew faith not as a means of soul-saving, which seems to have lost its salesappeal in this present world of shifting values, but rather as a means ofsaving the well-being of humanity.With the pragmatic school of philosophy, even James and Dewey, hewill have no truck and the old fight —which takes precedence "needs" or"wants" — is on. To this selfish reporter, who believes that man's chiefconcern in life is to keep alive and toJOHN U. NEF. . . Economic historian, author of"The United States and Civilization"remain as happy as possible in theinterlude, Professor Nef may possiblyhave over-framed his picture of"needs."The much talked of Americanavidity for money should probablygive Mr. Nef less cause for worry today than it did in the past, becausewhether we want it or not, we arenow entering a period when theamassing of money holds out muchless glitter and much more difficultythan it once did. The collapse of thestock market is the tombstone of anera when money was god and J. P.Morgan was its prophet. The attitude of the present administrationsince 1933 has been to de-emphasizemoney and there are many people inthe world today who genuinely be- MAGAZINE 27t lieve that it is succeeding in doing so.- Even before war-tax programs cames to light this trend was believed to bein sight. At any rate it may be worthf remembering that each encroachmentby the government on the money bagsof the country has encountered less5 opposition. Each succeeding victoryof administration over industry andr the securities business has been lessbitterly fought than the one preced-f ing it. Even the successes of the labor3 unions are being accepted withoutcalling out the militia, and the investment banking business which oncecontrolled American industrial andreligious thought has already writtenits own epitaph, thanks to the adoption of sensible accounting practiceson the part of industrial enterprise.Ten years is not a long time. It iscertainly not a long enough time onwhich to base any deductions aboutfundamental changes in man's thinking. But at least we can hope thatit may be pointing the way toward aless grim way of life in which moneycan no longer exclude so many of thebeauties — and necessities — of theworld.This reviewer recommends Professor Nef's book very heartily, eventhough he holds a somewhat more¦ vulgar view of life than the authordoes. If it is at all possible for onequotation to summarize the thesis of¦ a book, this one comes pretty close todoing so:e "Unless men, when it comes to ashowdown, care more for goodnessf and honor than they care for themselves or for any individual no mat-1 ter how powerful, they are bound inthe end, paradoxically enough, to losetheir rights as individuals."It may be hard to defend this, butit may also be futile to deny it.\ John McGrath.Stories of the Streets and of' the Town. By George Ade. Illus-2 trated by John T. McCutcheon andi Others. Edited with an Introductionby Franklin J. Meine. Chicago. TheCaxton Club. 1941. Edition limitedto 500 copies.l r, T^RANKLIN J. MEINE, Ph.B. '17,P^ is no new hand at rescuing perish-1 able and often overlooked Americanafrom the currents that carry all too28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEmuch of it out of our reach. His TallTales of the Southwest was publishedin 1930 (Knopf) ; his Mike Fink, written in collaboration with Walter Blair,associate professor of English at theUniversity, was published in 1933(Holt) .In Stories of the Streets and of theTown, Mr. Meine, who is vice president of the Mark Twain Associationof America, did a patient and dexterous job of editing. He must haveFRANKLIN J. MEINE, '17. . . His editing reveals theliterary realist, George Ade.done a lot of work. While doing it,he must have had difficult momentsand a good time.He selected fifty-six of the thousands of stories by George Ade illustrated by John T. McCutcheon, whichfrom November 20, 1893 to November 7, 1900 appeared daily on theeditorial page of the old ChicagoRecord. The stories and the picturesare delightful collaborations in Chi-cagoana. They are genial tales oflongshoremen, hobos, politicians, sidewalk merchants, gamblers, marketgardeners, and others in a cast thatplayed on the stage of the WindyCity in those fading years when the"Lake Shore Drive put on its eveningclothes in the afternoon." Theybring back the roof gardens, rivertugs, little shops and byways, rooming-houses, private lawn parties, anda hundred other "cameo? of Chicagoculture" in the "gay" nineties.The student of American humor,folkways, and journalism — the Chi-cagophile, collector of first editions,the gentle reader who wants to forgetthe war a while — these and othersare indebted to Mr. Meine for much more than his shrewd sifting and happy arrangement of the Stories. Hislong introduction and precise notes —telling the story of the Stories and recapturing the atmosphere in whichthey were written and illustrated — hispresentation of revealing and neverbefore published letters from Ade,McCutcheon, and their managingeditor, Charles H. Dennis — make thebook an eye-opening study of Adeand a genuine contribution to our literary history. Our conception of theHoosier humorist is revised by editorMeine who, in Stories of the Streetsand of the Town, reveals George Adeas a literary realist — in an era whenrealists of any kind were few.W.P.S.ONE MAN'S ARMY—(Continued from page 8)Back in the barracks the rumorwent around that of the twenty-eightin our group, twenty-six had asked tobe truck drivers. I think the figuremust have been more like twenty ortwenty-two of the twenty-eight. Itwasn't hard to believe as one listenedto the general talk.Chow was good again. Afterwardwe put on our heavy overcoats andwalked the short distance to the PostExchange, hereafter referred to as thePX. It was a barn-like room, smoky,crowded with soldiers, with a largecounter in the middle from which afat man dispensed bottled beer of allbrands. On either side of the roomwere counters festooned with knick-knacks and souvenirs, including gaudypillow covers decorated with embroidered (printed) pictures of ideal barracks life, labeled "Camp Grant" surrounding a tearful poem about"Mother." At one end stood four telephone booths. At each booth doorwas a line of soldiers patiently waiting to call home for a last word —collect. Each came out of the smallcubicle with perspiration streamingdown his face. "Whew, what a sweatbox," they said, and staggered to thecenter counter for beer. I spent the evening back in thebarracks, after I had expressed mycivilian clothes home, writing, andreading the Soldier's Handbook,which I'll dwell on in a later episode.Sleep Came easily that night. Thebrown blanket was familiar. I couldreach up and feel the large cottonrope of my barracks bag tied to thehead-bar of the bed. Most of uswere in bed when the stocky sergeantcome out of his little room at theend of the barracks, flipped the lightswitch promptly at nine, and returnedto his quarters which we knew to bedecorated almost solidly with picturesof delectable women clipped frommagazines. The Big Guy, two bedsdown, said, "At least we're away fromthose guys who say, 'Well, how does itfeel to be going out to fight theJaps?' " Someone else added "Yeah,an' double features." "Hell yes," theBig Guy said. "We're lucky. Wegot it good."Our first fatigue came the nextmorning. After chow we were toldto climb into fatigue clothes. My firstduty was to carry back a dozen packages of towels from the warehouse tothe company supply room in the nextbarracks. That finished, our own barracks sergeant told the three of us towash the black painted board at thebase of the walls around the room.After that he detailed two of us to report to company headquarters nextdoor. A young first class privateescorted us on a tour of the four barracks of company C. With whitepainted cans in our hands we inspected the ground for cigaret butts,matches, bits of paper, and anythingelse undesirable. I got a large cigarbutt, a nifty hunk of cellophane, acigarette mighty near unsmoked, andmy share of butts and malphes. Wehad quite a time. One guy beat me.He got an apple with only one biteout of it.I give and bequeath to the University of Chicago the sumof • • • • (signed) : f he is in the Army, Navy or Marines,and if he is an Alumnus - - -He is eager for news of the Universityand his Fellow Alumni - - -year's subscription to theUniversity of Chicago Magazinewould mean much to him - - -A special one dollar gift offer— for Alumniin the Service— will make him a memberof the Alumni Association and bring theMagazine to him nine times - - -Send his name, his address and the dollar toTHE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOWestern Electric . . . is back of yourBell Telephone service