IX, Jrv.THECHICAGO(Jtae ^rlttiversU^ of CbicaQOlibrariesGIFT\Sil/wu ventureCarl VAN DORENhas agreed to serve as Chairman of the Committee. Mr. Van Doren wrote the best-sellingbiography of Benjamin Franklin three years ago.He is also editor of the famous Cambridge History oj American Literature. Alexander WOOLLCOTTfamous as America's Town Crier, authorWhile Rome Burns. He frequently has cilyour attention to good books. Lost Horm,one example, was dozing on its publishishelves until Mr. Woollcott told you abo«THE STORY OF A COMPLETELY NEW IDEA IN BOOK PUBLISHINGWILL you venture a dollar on thecombined judgment of CliftonFadiman, Sinclair Lewis, CarlVan Doren and Alexander Woollcott?These men know a good book when theysee one. They often see good books younever hear about; or can't obtain. Sothese men have now banded together, tolaunch a new movement in the world ofbooks, a movement which will help youto obtain some of the best books alreadypublished in this country— and for onlyone dollar per copy.What is this all about?WELL, there are many good bookswhich are "best-sellers"; and thesystem which produces these best-sellersis based upon a well organized plan ofpublicity which makes it impossible foryou not to hear about them. But the bestsellers aren't always the best books. Oftenthe best books, when first published,never come to your attention. Since younever heard about them, you never readthem.Do you know why fine books frequently drop out of sight? Well, the year afterGone With the Wind appeared, so did threeother fine novels about the Civil War.But everybody was Gone With the Wind-ing. Books published during the darkdays of 1929, or during the Bank Crash,or during the dread months of the Munich Crisis— what happened to them?Books that critics mistakenly thoughtwere fit ""only for a special audience";books published ahead of their time;books that never got proper advertisingand publicity; books once reasonablysuccessful, which have been foolishly allowed to go out of print; early books byan author whose later work only is well-known— these are only a few of the hundred kinds of books which would bringyou magnificent entertainment if onlyyou could discover them. Now you can havethese books for yourself ~!EACH such book gathers around it acoterie of devoted admirers. Theseadmirers usually number a few thousandonly; because each is usually out of print,and not many people can discover copiesof it. Yet such a book is a book to give youpleasure. You would be more safe, in buying a copy of- such a book if you couldthan in buying a copy of a current bestseller. For such books as these have beenread and re-read by their admirerswhose judgment is therefore cool andconsidered, not expressed after the heatof first reading.The Readers Club will now bringthese books to you— and for only one dollar per copy! For Carl Van Doren hasagreed to serve as Chairman of a Committee, the other members being Clifton Fadiman and Sinclair Lewis andAlexander Woollcott, banded together in The Readers Club to bringyou, once each month, an enjoyableand informative and pleasurable bookwhich it is not likely you will have readbefore.YOU are invited to become a memberof The Readers Club. In becoming amember of The Readers Club you makeit possible for these famous men-of-booksto find you, to tell you about good booksyou may have missed. To the members ofThe Readers Club will be distributed,once each month, a special printing of afine book— at a cost of one dollar.These books will be unusually well-made. Each will be designed by W. A.Dwiggins, one of America's most famousartists-of-the-book. Because each bookwill be printed in larger quantities, it islikely that each book will be more beautiful, at this special price of one dollar,than it was in its original edition at $2.50or $3! There is no book club functioning inAmerica today which offers you booksat so low a price: for this price, of onedollar, covers all costs, even the cost ofpostage. Yet each is a Jim book, testedby time.But if you don't like them—don't take them!YOU need not accept the judgment ofthe Committee. You will be given acomplete description of each book beforeit is sent to you. If you decide it is notthe kind of book to interest you, you mayreject the book in advance. Then, evenafter you get the book, you may return itif you are displeased with it.What you must do now!IN becoming a member of The ReadersClub, you undertake no direct obligation. On the other hand, you will getnothing free. We cannot afford to have in The Readers Club the kind of peepwho still think it is possible to get sonthing for nothing. We want in The Ruers Club the kind of decent, honeit,telligent people who are eager to jowho see in The Readers Club a systemwhich they may obtain unusually gi/reprints of unusually good books, vusually well made, at the low cost ot 0dollar.You will pay one dollar for each bmyou accept and keep. If, however, younot buy six books within one year,will ourselves find it necessary to diyou out of the membership.On these very liberal terms, you»asked to fill in the subscription form)and send it to us so that you may obua Charter Membership. You will thensent— of course without charge— the 6|issue of a beautiful new magazine callThe Reader (designed by Mr. D»]gins, edited by Mr. Van Doren) in wliyou will find the description of 1Club's first publications.A CHARTER MEMBERSHIPThe Readers Club, 41 east 57 street, new york:Please enroll me as a member. It is understood that you will publish forthe members one book each month, selected for publication by the Committeeconsisting of Clifton Fadiman, Sinclair Lewis, Alexander Woollcott, and CarlVan Doren as chairman. It is understood that you will send each book to me forone dollar, which price is to include the costs of wrapping and postage. It isunderstood that you will send me a copy of The Reader each month, in whichI will find a description of the forthcoming month's publication; that I maythen send you word to refrain from sending the book to me, or may even returnthe book to you within five days after receiving it if I am not pleased with it.Finally, however, it is understood that my name is to be dropped from the membership lists if I do not accept and pay for six books within one year.xx^xxxx^xxxxaexxx^^THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCILCHARLTON T. BECKEditorCODY PFANSTIEHLAssistant Editor ALICE ZUCKERAssistant Editor HOWARD W. MORTAssociate EditorBERNARD LUNDYContributing EditorThe cover : A doorway to a section of the Men's Residence Halls asphotographed by John Mills, Jr., ofNew York. To most of the class of'45 entering the University thismonth, this is the first doorway oftheir University Experience. Nextweek the men of '45 will be marching about the quadrangles in the September twilight, joyously singing theUniversity songs taught them byupperclass counselors during Freshman Week.IN A COLORADO gold mine in1935 Elizabeth Wallace, then ona lecture tour, met a distinguished mining engineer. He peeredat her and scratched his head."I've met you somewhere before,"he said. "Have you ever been in Bolivia?""Yes," said Miss Wallace. "In1929.""Couldn't have been then. Let'ssee — have you been in Peru?""Yes, in the same year," repliedMiss Wallace."Then that's out," said the eminentengineer. "How about Colombia?""Yes. In 1935.""Hm. Couldn't be Colombia." Henamed a half-dozen countries without making connections. A bystandersuggested Chicago."By Jove, that's it!" exclaimed theengineer. "You taught me French inEllis Hall!"Miss Wallace's friends are outnumbered only by her memories.These include graduation from Wellesley College, teaching positions atthe University (see these memorieson pages 3-13) during its first three THIS MONTHyears ; a year as Dean of Women atKnox College, another at the University of Paris, and twenty years ashead of Beecher Hall, Professor ofFrench Literature, and, for a time,Dean of the College of Arts, Literature, and Science, again at the University. She retired in name only in1927. Today she lives in Minneapolis, but her heart, we suspect, is inChicago.€By and large, it's the older students who make the most of thespeed-up possibilities of the Chicagoplan of study. How and why a manor woman of 35 or 56 returns to theclassroom is a story seldom told andoften hushed lest it create uncomfortable publicity for the speeder. AlbertParry, who completed his junior andsenior years in four and a halfmonths, writes about this little knowncorner of student life in "Back toCollege at 34," beginning on page 14.Some come back to increase theirearning capacity by acquiring the"trade-union ticket" of a formal degree. Others dock at the quadranglesfor a few years in middle life to finda rudder for the rest of the long voyage home. Still others arrive expecting a complete overhaul, brand newTABLE OF CONTENTSOCTOBER, 1941Cover by John Mills, Jr.PAGEFifty Years Ago, Elisabeth Wallace. . . 3Now It Can Be Told 13Back to College at 34, Albert Parry. . 14News of the Quadrangles, BernardLundy 18News of the Classes 21 piston rings, and a full philosophicaloil change. They don't get it.Writing about the unusual is notunusual for Mr. Parry. He wasborn in Rostov-on-the-Don in Russiain 1901. The years of his teens weretangled in the Reds and Whites ofthe Civil War following the Revolution. In 1920 he skipped out fromunder a Cossack firing squad andworked his way to this country as asailor. There followed a motley lifeas Western Union messenger boy,wholesale diamond salesman, immigrant-press editor, Hollywood pressagent, encyclopedia editor, and freelance writer.He is the author of a history of bo-hemianism in America (Garrets andPretenders) , a detailed history of ta-tooing (Tatoo), the life of MajorWhistler (Whistler's Father), andco-author, with Wythe Williams, ofthe Riddle of the Reich.NEXT MONTHEVERYTHING, even work onthe Magazine, stopped on aside-track while the Anniversary Week roared onto the quadrangles and the nation's newspapers.In the midst of it all we pushed thisissue of the Magazine off the sidetrack and onto the presses. As soonas these words are finished we're going to order a pot of black coffee, lockthe door, and begin to sift the Anniversary ashes — that stack of pictures,clippings, programs, notes, newsreleases, and correspondence — forpearls to string into a complete report of the Affair. The Novemberissue will be devoted to it.Published by the ^Uimni Council of the University of Chicago monthly, from October to June. Office of Publication, 403 Cobb Hall, 58th St. atEllis Avenue, Chicago! Annual subscription price $2.00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1, .1934, at the PostOffice at Chicago, Illinois, under the act of March 3, 1879. The Graduate Group, Inc., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the official advertising agency of the University of Chicago Magazine.Now flanked by buildings devoted to scientific research, Ryerson Physical Laboratory, with flag flying, presented this lonely picture at its opening in January, 1894.VOLUME XXXII! THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINE NUMBER 10OCTOBER, 1941FIFTY YEARS AGOFOR OVER a third of a century I lived in theUniversity of Chicago. This sounds like a drystatement of fact. To me it is a magic key thatopens wide the doors of memory, and I see spread before me a scene of surpassing variety where sandywastes and broad walks and temporary shacks, gradually give way to green, tree-filled quadrangles, to winding paths and to noble towers. I look down a longroad that leads up from the marshes and the scrub oaks,and formless voids of the beginnings to the statelytowers and cloistered courts of achievement. It is ascene that never fails to thrill my soul, for every buildingis eloquent of generous effort and sacrifice, the academicpaths are filled with a long procession of those withwhom I have worked and wept and played, and in thequadrangles there is an innumerable throng of thosewho will be forever young and eager and hopeful. Intothe fabric of their lives the fibres of my being werewoven because of the common interest that held us together.The University of Chicago began to grow under theshadow of that vast and exquisite creation, the World's1893 Columbian Exposition. Graceful buildings of dazzling whiteness against sparkling blue of lake and sky;green grass and multi-colored flowers ; lagoons where • By ELIZABETH WALLACEgondolas arched their necks like huge stately swans ;flags fluttering in the breeze; and at night it was asthough all the stars of the firmament had fallen to lightup the scene with sparkling brilliancy. All this couldbe seen less than a mile away on the borders of thegreat lake, in Jackson Park. Closer by, along thestretch of the Midway rose every imaginable fantasticinvention of man to divert and amuse, from the captiveballoon, tugging at its moorings, to the trained fleasresentfully performing their unloved tasks. No wonderthat the toddling steps of the baby University were inevitably turned thither. I think the gift of this godmother of the University was the gift of imaginationwhich must have been kindled by the vision of so muchbeauty.We, too, wanted to build something more lastingperhaps, than plaster and staff and I remember howanxiously we considered the importance of building uptraditions. For of course there were none and we feltkeenly that we, the first students, were responsible for thefoundations. Not of scholarly traditions, of course.We knew that the distinguished Faculty could take careof that, but of student traditions, social life, fraternities,clubs and vital things like these. For instance, we decided that the first dance should be given with all theBy Courtesy of the Chicago Evening News Newspaper version (1900)of an opening day, picturingindependent women in thebackground, and Dr. Harperin the doorway.4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEdistinction that could be lent it by a group of graduatestudents, aided and abetted by certain more or lessworldly Divinity students who had cultivated the artof Terpsichore in an under graduate existence. . I canassure you that it was a huge success, although givenin the crude atmosphere of a temporary dining roomredolent of dinners just past and of breakfasts to come.But everything was temporary then, everything material,I mean, and that was one reason that we laid so muchemphasis on the real and enduring things, such as traditions.Once, three of us, burdened by this sense of responsibility went to the ever sympathetic and understandingfirst Dean of Women, Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer toask her in what way we might be helpful. I think shefelt for us, and understood our zeal to do good, at thesame time recognizing the dangers with which such animpulse, carried out, might be fraught, for she saidgravely, as the situation demanded, but with a littletwinkle in the eye that was scarcely perceptible, "Ithink it would be an excellent thing for you to see thatthe braid on the bottom of your skirt was never ripped."And she went on to explain that the eyes of people ofdistinction were turned to the new University and thatthey would be keen to detect feminine carelessness ofthis sort. For instance, said she, "what would Mrs.Glessner say?" Mrs. John J. Glessner was a very important lady in the social life of the day, a patron of theSymphony Orchestra, and a generous friend of the newUniversity. We did not have a realizing sense of thisand felt distinctly disappointed that Mrs. Palmer didnot deem us worthy of a higher role to play than that oftaking care of our dragging skirts, so one of us composed a song voicing our disappointment, and havingthe refrain of, "But what would Mrs. Glessner say!"This comforted us to a certain degree.I wish I had a magic pen so that I might adequately describe the spirit of joyous enthusiasm that filled theatmosphere those first years. We felt that we couldaccomplish anything and everything. Each new daybrought a sense of the worth-whileness of life, whichstretched out inimitably before us beckoning us to newadventures. This spirit was everywhere. It was theindomitable soul of Chicago, of the men who conceivedthe World's Fair. It was a spirit that stopped at nothingonce it had a vision of accomplishment clearly definedbefore it. It was, above all, the spirit of Dr. WilliarhRainey Harper who, unafraid, saw rising from the sandystretches and the marshy pools, above the dwarfed scruboaks of the Midway, a vision of battlemented towers, ofspacious laboratories, of libraries and hospitals and suchwas his strong persuasiveness that he lured seven college presidents from their peaceful homes to come andcast their fortunes in with him. From England andfrom Germany sailed distinguished Dons and1 HerrProfessors. Mr. Judson left his secure and charminghome in Minneapolis, and Miss Talbot came from Boston bearing with her as a talisman, her little piece ofPlymouth Rock. The first Freshman came on her perilous way from Memphis, Tennessee armed with the winter underwear her brother had worn at New Haven forshe had heard that Chicago winds were very "cyold."Myra Reynolds left the Daisy Chain at Vassar to become the first woman Fellow of the new University, anda good fellow she remained for more than thirty years.Perhaps this joyous enthusiasm was due to the factthat we were all extraordinarily young. President Harperwas only thirty-five, Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer washovering below forty and there was scarcely a gray hairin the Faculty. All of us were capable of thrilling with asense of the great adventure on which were were embarked. Oh ! the joyous days of the old Beatrice on 57thstreet, when we endured every inconvenience for themere fun of it. Although the Beatrice wasn't old then,Residence Hall heads in1895: Myra Reynolds (left)Foster Hall; Marion Talbot(center) Kelly Hall; and theauthor, Miss Wallace, BeecherHall.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINELittle Egypt's business address in 1893. Not one of the "educational and culturalprojects" of the World's Fair of which Miss Wallace writes, University members nevertheless "eagerly partook" of this project. Background — unfinished Foster Hall.it was redolent of, and sticky with newness, a mushroomapartment house built in anticipation of the World's Fairrush, and had been hastily rented for a dormitory whenthe imminence of women students presented itself with noplace to house them. When I arrived on the 29th dayof September 1892, optimistically hoping to get settledbefore the opening day, the 1st of October, I found thenarrow halls blocked by cots and mattresses, and an occasional workman surveying the confusion with a detached air. I was assigned to the kitchen and pantryof one of the small apartments and was told geniallythat I was to share my quarters with a Freshman whohad just arrived with the same mistaken illusion I hadcherished, of getting settled be-times. I found that myroommate was the Memphis Freshman and togetherwe took stock of our suite. She, being the younger, tookthe pantry and I had the kitchen. The sink became ourwash stand and the pantry shelves, our wardrobe. Thesupply of cots gave out before they came to us and wehad to spread our mattresses on the floor for the firsttwo or three nights, but we minded such little inconveniences not at all, and got along beautifully together forseveral months. My roommate Bessie Messick, wrotehome, a letter that became a classic in University his tory; "There are many strange and interesting things inthis new institution. I am living in the improvished dormitory and I am rooming with a fellow. But it is allvery pleasant."This same Freshman was in a way typical of the spiritof adventure that animated all of us. She had heard ofthe University and came without knowing more than thatit was located in Chicago and that Dr. Harper was itsPresident. She arrived in the city at nightfall andtook a cab, a horse cab, and told the driver, with blitheconfidence to drive to the University. He had, of course,never heard of such a place but by some guiding instinct,began driving south. By making periodic inquiries, theyfinally arrived, after a seven mile drive, at a drugstore on 55th St. near Washington Ave. where the proprietor gave them the information that there was a newschool starting near by of whom the Principal was aDr. Harper, whose address he fortunately knew. It wasafter ten o'clock when they drove up to the President'shouse on Washington Ave. (now Blackstone) near 57thSt. Upon ringing the bell Dr. Harper himself openedthe door and found he was greeting the nucleus of thefirst undergraduate body. There were no hotels in thevicinity, the Beatrice was still empty, and at this hour,6 THE UNIVERSITY Odark, so, with characteristic hospitality, the new studentwas lodged for the night in the presidential house. Itwas a good omen.The Beatrice too, became a symbol of the friendly comradeship that was to develop between all ranks and conditions of Faculty and students. At that time there werefew rooming houses, no hotels in the vicinity, only rarerestaurants and these rather fearsome places, so thatthis one apartment building became the centre of oursocial life. Here lived Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer,the Dean of Women (a novel title that we loved toroll on our tongues), and her Assistant, Marion Talbot.The correct and distinguished Professor of Economics,J. Lawrence Laughlin and his daughter with her chaper-one, Mrs. Calkins, had a whole apartment to themselveswhere the kitchen did not have to be slept in, and thepantry shelves could be used for their legitimate ends,and not for storing books and clothes. But this fact ledto no class hatreds. Mr. Richard Green Moulton fromEngland, with his ceremonious bachelor manner and hismellifluous voice that intoned the story of Job in a newand fascinating way, had a room there, a front parlorwas his, but he had to share his bath with young Mr.George Howland, which kept them both kind and considerate. In fact it took the mind of a genius to distribute women students and privileged professors in thefive roomed apartments that constituted the building,without offending delicate sensibilities. But it was accomplished.Then there was the problem of food. A low two storybuilding, predestined for small stores, was annexed anda dining room and kitchen were set up. The equipmentwas meagre, the service pitifully inadequate. One dayduring the first week I had occasion to go into thekitchen section and found all the dirty dishes piled uponthe floor and one poor little slavey striving inadequatelyto cope with the problems of restoring order before thenext mealtime. There were no kitchen tables as yet,the cook had disappeared and the new help had failedto come. But even these handicaps to easeful living,failed to quench our spirits. Despite coarse chinaware CHICAGO MAGAZINEThe hospitable president, WilliamRainey Harper, who lodged the University's first student in his home for herfirst night.and muddy coffee, we had a gracious hostess at eachtable of eight, who presided over the destiny -of meatand vegetables with a delicate tact that compensated fortheir lamentable lack of flavor, and the conversationwas of a clarity and brilliance that made one forget thecoffee grounds. The men who sat at a given table wereconstant quantities, likewise the hostess, while the otherswere perepatetic, thus allowing them to taste of thesweets offered by different minds. The constant menat the table over which I presided were Mr. Moulton,Mr. Judson, Mr. Howland and Dr. Nordell. Mr. Moulton preferred tea at breakfast and he never failed to saywith British tenacity and confidence in the effectivenessof his remark: "Will the featulary genius now pourmy cup?"STAGG, BICYCLE COACHSo eager were we to be interested in every phase ofthe new venture in education that we did not evenneglect athletics. The name of Amos Alonzo Stagg wasalready wreathed with a halo of fame and we longed tosit at his feet and learn about football, a science whichevery young woman was not familiar with at that earlyepoch. We invited him to come to dinner, and afterwards we gathered around him while he demonstrated,with the aid of a white sheet pinned upon the wall, andcolored tacks, how plays should be made on the gridiron.We had to sit on the floor for we had no chairs, andlong before his slow deliberate tones died away, weached with eagerness to cheer the new born team tovictory. This was Mr. Stagg's debut, so to speak, intoUniversity social circles and he became a popular figure,at whose arresting swarthy appearance many a youngundergraduate heart beat quicker. One favorite deviceemployed to entrap him was to beg him to teach one toride the bicycle. There was a wonderful strip of cementsidewalk along the shore of the lake that made a grandspeedway, and here it was that I, too, learned under histutelage. I can still feel the whipping wind in my face,and the wild thrill of imminent danger lest an unsurehand might not send the wheel whirling into the graywaters of the lake.But there were serious matters to be attended to, forafter all we had come to an institution of learning.Housing and food were necessary and I must say, exceedingly preoccupying matters. There was the dailyexcitement also, of discovering each other. I doubt ifthere had ever been, in any educational venture, so manyarresting personalities gathered together. We studentswere conscious of this and so, each day as we walkedon 57th Street and across the boardwalk that spannedthe marshy quadrangle to Cobb Hall, we felt that wewere embarking on an unknown voyage of discoverythat would bring us all sorts of intellectual adventure.The first day when we passed through the doorlessentrance into Cobb Hall, stepped through rustling shav-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 7mgs, and heard the hurried hammering of carpentershastening to finish their tasks, we had a sense of openhospitality inviting us to share in the work of buildingtogether a city of learning with limitless possibilities.BIRTH OF SPECIALIZATIONMy Fellowship had been awarded to me in the department of History, therefore my first task was to call onthe Head of that Department, so that I might get towork immediately. I found Dr. Hermann von Hoist inhis office on the third floor of Cobb Hall. It was aneasy matter to find professors in those days, for therewas only this one building where most of them wereboused. Dr. von Hoist was a German scholar fromFreiburg. He was a specialist in two subjects: American Constitutional History and the French Revolution.When I told him that my interests were in Latin American history, and could he give me his distinguishedadvice as to what courses to follow, he looked at 'meblankly and then with a slow dawning suspicion, andfinally he exploded into strongly accented Teutonicspeech: "Vy did you come to me? I know notingsvon tose countries. For me tey do not exist. Tey aretead !" Then seeing my dismayed look, he went on moregently: "But tey may be interesting, fery interesting.I tell you vat you do. You read und study all youvant about dem„ den you come und tell me and I villgif you a degree."This was my first realistic experience of specialization.None of us students had come very closely in contactwith it as yet and it was stimulating. Miss Myra Reynolds had her first contact with it also. She was lookingfor Dr. Harper's office and saw a woman in the hallscrubbing the floor. She asked her if she knew wherethe President's office was and was answered with a slowshake of the head, but with no cessation of the steadymovement of the brush: "I don't know no thin' ceptscrubbin'." Dr. Harper's influence was being felt!I carried my problem to Dr. Harper and he was delighted. He liked nothing better than to find an unexplored field. This was an auspicious year to furtherthe study of Latin America. Did we not have the inspiration of the Columbian Exposition, and its many exhibitsfrom Latin America? Mexicans and South Americansand those from Central America would be coming inswarms. It was a new world opening up. He wouldmake an appropriation for books, they should be orderedimmediately. I should give a course on Latin AmericanHistory and Institutions in the Spring Quarter, and wewould be the first institution in the country to initiatesuch studies.I came away from the interview, slightly dazed buttingling with the excitement of a new project, upliftedby a vision of ultimate possibilities, vibrating with asense of power, for a brief moment feeling indomitable.That was the effect that Dr. Harper had on those withwhom he came in contact. As a result, the books wereselected and ordered and after countless hours of ceaseless reading I was ready to give the course, such as it was. Most of my students were athletes for a rumorhad spread that knowledge of Spanish was not a prerequisite, and as all reading material was in Spanish,it was logically concluded by the keen undergraduatemind that the course would be a lecture course andtherefore what was known as a snap. It was.We were all deeply impressd by the Seminar methodof study. It had been imported from Germany whencecame many educational ideas. A large number of theFaculty had received their higher degrees from GermanUniversities. We were all more or less convinced thatour highest culture came from there. Even Romancescholars looked with reverence on the scholarship of thegreat masters of language and went to Heidelberg andMunich to receive the accolade. Nearly every Department of the University had its Seminar, from whichundergraduates were rigidly excepted. We prepared ourpapers for this august body in the midst of prayer andfasting, we awaited the trial of our prowess with nervoustrembling, and we strove to be worthy of our consecration to Original Research. It was a severe strain, andwe had to relax in order to conserve our mental balance.As the month of February approached, it occurred tosome of us who had the creation of tradition at heart,to further this interest with mental relaxation. Whatmore fitting than to celebrate the birthday of the Fatherof his Country with a satire on the Seminar method ofResearch? We. matured our plans and approached Dr.Harper on the subject, for we dared not undertakeanything so serious as the birth of a tradition, withouthis approval. He considered the proposition with gravesympathy, but was dubious of the wisdom of holding socherished an Institution as the Seminar, up to ridicule.Finally he consented, saying as we left his office:"Remember, it has to be a success. If it falls flat it willreact fatally on the promoters." We determined to spareno effort.The topic we chose for discussion was the explosionThe alluring Docent, Oscar L. Triggs.He was hastily promoted to save theUniversity faculty budget.8 T HE UNIVERSITY OFof the Washington myth by the application of modernhistorical methods. Amos Alonzo Stagg accepted the roleof the Head Professor and that was in itself sufficientto give the keynote of the satire. Myra Reynolds prickedthe bubble of all the favorite Washington legends withthe needle of linguistic science. Relentless historic investigation showed up the hero of his country for whathe really was, and the whole fabric of veneration wasabout to be torn to tatters when an eloquent youngidealist in the person of Theodore Soares sprang to thedefense, waved the flag and in stirring words infusednew life into the dry dust of learning and the Seminarclosed in a storm of applause from our audience. Ourefforts had not been in vain. Another tradition wasestablished. We could play as well as work.MILK DROWNED ROMANCESThe formal dedication of the Columbian Exposition washeld in October of 1892, but the gates were not openedto the public until the Spring of 1893. As this timeapproached we were warned that we would have to relinquish the Beatrice to more profitable guests. Wherecould the women students be lodged? There was onedormitory nearing completion. There was only onedrawback. It was destined for men. But with gallantryand resourcefulness it was decided to adapt it temporarilyto the women. The transition from the Beatrice to Snellwas deftly accomplished. We were informed that theUniversity should have a holiday and we were urged tospend the day at the Fair, just opened. When we cameback late in the evening we found our belongings heapedup on a rug in the middle of our new rooms and all wehad to do was to extricate our property from the confusion and find a place for it in the decidedly exiguousquarters of the new dwelling. The great problem herewas where to get our meals. The only available eatingplace was the Commons in the basement of DivinityHall. The menus were sketchy, the service casual, thesurroundings gloomy, so many of us conceived the ideaof setting up housekeeping with the aid of oil stoves, inour own rooms. To be sure there were no ice boxes,but the Spring nights were cool and we could hangperishable food in baskets from our windows. In a shorttime the decorations of the facade of Snell began toattract attention. But the administration was indulgentand we were only begged to haul in our pantries duringthe brighter daylight hours. The daily supply of milkthat was needed also presented some complications, forthe array of milk bottles around the one entrance sometime impeded the footsteps of nocturnal callers, orreturning students and their escorts. I know positivelyof one or two budding romances which were actuallydrowned in milk, or crashed in broken glass. Becauseof the burden of housekeeping, several students found itnecessary to drop one of their courses, but they receivedno laboratory credit from the department of DomesticEconomy.The World's Fair sponsored many educational andcultural projects of which the University eagerly partook.Dr. John Henry Barrows, an eminent and beloved Chicago divine, was the moving spirit in organizing aCongress of Religions whose large meetings wereanimated by the presence of leaders of all faiths from CHICAGO MAGAZINEmany lands. One of the most popular lecturers was atall genial Scotsman, Dr. Henry Drummond. He wasalready well known by his two books, The Natural Lawin the Spiritual World and The Greatest Thing in theWorld. He was looked upon as a man of deep spiritualinsight, and one whom it would be a privilege to follow.Therefore, I accepted with almost reverent anticipation,an invitation that came to me from George and LouiseVincent, to have dinner with him in their hotel. When Iarrived I found a choice group gathered. There wasJacques Loeb and Dr. Mall, Robert Harper, brother ofthe President and famed for his skill in decipheringBabylonian inscriptions, George Vincent, Fellow of theUniversity and his wife Louise with whom I had spentfour years at Wellesley, and, of course, Dr. Drummond.The first thing that happened, after a gay little dinnerwas eaten, was to have Dr. Drummond rise and saythat the rest of the evening was in his hands, that hewould have to swear us to solemn secrecy, and then hewould lead us to his rooms for the next step. Therewe found spread out on the bed and on chairs an arrayof costumes, oriental in tendency. He announced thatwe were to transform ourselves into Turks and that wewere going to visit the Fair thus disguised and see if wecould deceive the public. Thrilled by the prospect werobed ourselves with as much skill as we could muster. Dr.Drummond swathed his tall form in white sheets, andconcealed the fairness of his sandy hair under a scarletturban (constructed from silk neckties) to which wasattached a flowing veil. Robert Harper's bulky formwas resplendent in authentic Assyrian trappings. Dr.Mall was a humble dragoman. Jacques Loeb acted asthe guide and insisted upon reciting lines from theOdyssey, knowing that no one in those benighted daysof pre-Shorey influence in Chicago would suspect thefraud. Before we sallied out, Robert Harper drilled usin a line taken from the Koran, and I can still hearGeorge Vincent's nipping staccato tones as he repeated :"Bismillah hir rakmani rahimi."ADVENTURE TILL MIDNIGHTWe had an evening full of adventure, narrow escapesfrom those we knew, still more perilous encounters withgenuine orientals whom we could not hope to deceive, andthrough it all ran the sense of danger lest we be discovered, exposed by the Press, and our hopefully cherished future at the University endangered thereby. Dr.Drummond was our leader to the end, which came at-midnight, and when we parted, I understood better thesecret of the affectionate regard in which he was heldby his countrymen. He knew how to play.In the interests of historical accuracy I shall have toconfess that Robert Harper promptly confessed all tohis brother, the President, but no dire discipline wasvisited upon us.It was evident that the young University felt early astrong sense of social responsibility. Chicago's "bestpeople" had extended a cordial hand of greeting to thescholarly colony on the Midway and in return it was feltthat proper acknowledgment should be made. Mr.Martin A. Ryerson ^and Mr. Charles Hutchinson withtheir beautiful and charming wives had given generouslyof their interest, of their time, of their hospitality, and ofTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAt football gamesdouble - deck s i x horse -power coaches served asTemporary grandstands.their wealth to the new educational enterprise, thereforethey should be the guests of honor at the first largeUniversity function. It was decided that this functionshould take the form of a reception. Decisions are easyto make. It is carrying them out that takes courage,resourcefulness, patience and infinite pains. This wasno exception. In the first place we had no place in whichto give a reception. Cobb Hall and the Divinity Dormitories were practically the only buildings that werecompleted on the quadrangles. The Dormitories werecut up into small rooms and therefore inadaptable. Theonly place was Cobb. On the North end was the largeroom reaching across from east to west and used as ouronly assembly hall. It was remarkable for its goldenoak woodwork and for its gothic windows which werealmost impossible to open and shut. Considered fromthe point of view of space this would do admirably, butit was of a bareness ! No furnishing but student chairs,one armed, awkward and difficult of access except on thebias. But Dr. Harper was dauntless. He appointedcommittees who went to work with enthusiasm to overcome the difficulties. It seems to have been part ofour academic curriculum for I found myself chairmanof what was called the decorating committee. With theaudacity of inexperience I remember going down toMarshall Field's and asking for the Manager to whom Iexplained our dilemma. I do not remember his name,which is a pity, for he was one of the most sympatheticand understanding of men. I told him that we had nomoney to spend, but that we wished to do honor to thegenerous spirit of Chicago's citizens, and would he helpus by lending us rugs and draperies for the occasion.We would take the best of care of them, we surely would.It seems unbelievable now, but the literal fact is that ahuge van of decorative material was sent out to us, including lamps and chairs, and the bare academic roomwas transformed into a warm welcoming reception hall.DECORATION A LA CARTEWhen the evening arrived, Dr. and Mrs. Harper, Mr.and Mrs. Ryerson, Mr. and Mrs. Hutchinson stood inline against a sumptuous background of oriental rugs andgreeted the hundreds of guests with grace and dignity,while the committtee on decoration, extentuated by its labors crept off to bed half dead but happy. This eventtook place in the early winter of 1893 and was the vanguard of thousa'nds of others to follow, none of whichcould have had more spontaneity and exuberance andless boredom.This reception in Cobb Hall, transformed by borrowedfinery made much more impression on my mind thandid the first Chapel service which had been held in thesame room on the first of the previous October. Thislatter function was undecorated, simple and characterizedby the dignity given by perfect sincerity. There was ashort academic procession, two hundred students, moreor less, gathered there because of faith and belief in thenew venture. I remember how tall and imposing wasthe figure of Dr. Hulburt as he officiated, how terriblyearnest was the face of Dr. Harper. I remember howdeeply moved I was by the feeling that I was a partof a great enterprise, that my own individuality was tobe merged in that of a group animated by a noblepurpose, and yet that I must strive more than ever tomake that individuality count. It was a splendid challenge, and I like to believe that the soul of every onepresent rose to meet it.Chapl services were continued once a week, andalthough attendance was not required, the small hallwas usually full, for we were eager to hear the distinguished members of the Faculty who were speakers, andof the even more distinguished guests who came to us.It was by no means a strictly religious service. InDecember of the first year the beloved actor, JosephJefferson talked to us of Bacon and Shakespeare;Remenyi gave a violin recital, and later in the academicyear Professor George Palmer of Harvard analyzed forus, not unfittingly the different forms of patience ahuman being must exercise in order to succeed in life,while in June, Mrs. Mary Livermore brought us a NewEngland message on Woman Suffrage. Thus we wereentertained, stimulated, informed and often inspired.Although the public press at the time often referredto the new Baptist University, I can never recall anytendency whatever within the University to give emphasis to a denominational attitude. Nor was I everconscious of any undue stress laid on religious teaching.It was considered highly desirable to unite all members10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEof the University in a single harmonious organizationon the basis of those elements of religious faith whichare held in common, and so 'the Christian Union wasformed. Its main function was to hold Sunday eveningmeetings where addresses were made. I remember hearing Bishop Vincent, Dr. Edward Everett Hale, and Mrs.Ballington Booth. The president of this organizationwas Dr. Charles Henderson, then assistant professor,and from the first a shining example of what religiontrue and undefiled should be.The student body that courageously risked its academicfuture to this educational venture numbered less thansix hundred, of which nearly two hundred were undergraduates, a hundred odd were unclassified, over twohundred were theological students, and a half hundredwere Fellows, either bona fide ones or honorary, or nonresident. There were also an indeterminate number ofstraight graduate students.STARS, ATOMS, RYERSONWe were much impressed by the organization ofcourses of study into Departments each -under the direction of a Head-Professor, who, it was rumored receiveda fabulous salary. There were about twenty of thesedepartments ranging in numerical importance, all theway from Elocution, Neurology and Aanatomy, each ofwhich was staffed by only one man, to the formidablegroup labeled as Semitics, where one hundred courseswere lavishly offered. Latin, with its Faculty of seven,and its forty-three courses, towered over English whichhad a staff of eleven, but whose offering was only thirty-five courses. Sciences had to shift as best they couldfor no laboratories had yet been built, and flimsy apartment buildings offered few facilities and yet over ahundred courses were scheduled in eight different departments of science. The Department of Physics whichhad but three on its staff, one Head Professor beingAlbert Michelson, made an eloquent plea prefacing itsannouncement of six courses. After paying a tactfultribute to the sister science of Astronomy, it goes on tosay: "It is only in very recent times that it has begunto dawn upon the mind of man that there is anotherworld only one degree less complex and wonderful thanthe stellar universe, the world of molecules and atoms.For the study of these almost infinitesimal systems ofpigmy stars, we have no telescope nor even microscopeto help us ; but little by little we are constructing apowerful, logical engine which is destined one day tobring the revolutions, rotations and oscillations of theseminutes orbs, as clearly to the mind's eye, as are now,the motions of worlds of the greater visible universe. . .It is hoped that this outline of the aims and ends . . . mayjustify the hope and belief that the generosity of thefounder of the University and the donor of the RyersonPhysical Laboratory, will be supplemented by manyPopular young Amos A. Stagg, whoalso taught young ladies bicycle ridingat the beach. other liberally minded men, equally disposed to furtherso worthy a cause."This was the spirit of hopeful optimism that prevailed.Was it any wonder that this spirit, combined with tireless work produced prodigious results ?If we were impressed by the organization into departments we were still more impressed by the ladder ofacademic rank which began with the humble Docent andmounted up to the august Head Professor. The Docentmust depend upon a stipend based upon the number ofstudents whom he might allure into his classes. It wasreckoned that it would not be humanly possible for aman to realize in this way, a sum to exceed, or even toequal, the honorarium designated for the next highestrank. But sometimes a mistake was made, as in thecase of a popular young Docent in English, whoseclasses were so large that the University was forced, inthe interests of economy, to promote Oscar LovewellTriggs to the rank of Reader. This rank was inventedfor such dubious potentialities as Frank R. Lillie andThorstein Veblen.A sixth rank was that of Assistant where such promising material as Julius Stieglitz and Edwin H. Lewiswere found. The fifth rank bore the name of Tutorsand this is the rung on which Ferdinand Schevill startedto climb. Instructors formed the fourth rank from thelonged for top to which Assistant Professors and Associate Professors pointed the way. The fact that thereTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 11were thirty Full and Head Professors was a matter ofgreat encouragement. A university so generously disposed was well worth one's devotion.The first year the Fellows were a very importantgroup, at least so it seemed to me, because I was oneof them. We were by no means in the same exaltedrank as the Faculty, but we were a sort of fringe totheir importance. More than that, we had within usa potential germ that, with proper care might developsufficient strength to lift us finally to their heights. Idon't know that we ever really expressed this thought,even to ourselves, but it unconsciously lent zest to ourwork.ALL THOSE FELLOWSAmong the six women Fellows, Myra Reynolds wasthe first appointee. She had already taught at Vassarseveral years. Her short, sturdy figure inspired a senseof security, and her infectious laugh always foretold awhimsical story. On the whole, we were a rather seriouslot, to whom the other graduate women gave a lightertouch. There was Helen Tunnicliffe, whose perfecttaste in dress was as faultless as her historical deductions.There was handsome, dark-eyed Frances Browne whoseinterest in Economics led her into contracting matrimonywith a masculine Fellow in the same department, but notuntil she had made him wait a year or two, and therewas tall auburn haired Belva Herron who sat at thefeet of Professor J. Laurence Laughlin and loyallyaccepted his theories on money.The men Fellows were more numerous and many ofthem destined to make a mark in the world. There wasThorstein Veblen, .quiet, reserved, enigmatic, GeorgeVincent, brilliant, ebullient, enthusiastic. He and I usedto sit side by side in what Professor von Hoist called hisrepitetorium, being the quiz section of his course in theFrench Revolution. We soon discovered that Dr. vonHoist could tolerate no vocabulary but his own whenhe questioned us on the contents of his lectures. Woebetide the unhappy student who attempted to use his ownpet words in describing a situation. They must be theexact words used by the lecturer. As these words werestrangely forcible, unexpected and picturesque, it wasexceedingly difficult to remember them, so George andI devised a method of taking notes by which we supplemented each other and thus were able to dish up thesame sentences which our teacher had used. A broadsmile of satisfaction would smooth out the torturedwrinkles of disapproval and he would say: "Vat de odersaid was good, fery good, but this is right, fery right."Theodore Soares began a stay at the University thatremained unbroken for many years, and was increasinglyuseful and inspiring. Edgar J. Goodspeed was practically a member of the University family and as we allknow, has done brilliant credit to his ancestry. RalphCatterall soon won his Doctor's degree, as well as thehand of pretty Helen Tunnicliffe and went to Cornellwhere his light shone for many years. The liberalattitude of the Divinity School was exemplified in Clifford Barnes, a Fellow of that Department. We graduatewomen wished to set a high standard in our social affairs,so when we gave our first dance (on the rough hewn floorof the Beatrice dining room) we considered our invita tion list with great care. We were appalled at thepaucity of masculine dancers. Someone suggested thatthere were two or three divinity students who wereversed in the art. But would it be against the rules oftheir order to come ? We took our problem to Mrs.Palmer and she advised us to go to the Dean of theDivinity School who surely could decide the matter.As Chairman of the Committee I had to undertake theformidable task, which turned out to be a delightful andnever forgotten interview. He sympathized with ourdifficulties and felt that it was a Christian duty to helpus. It was the role of divinity students to be helpfuland here was their opportunity. Only we must becareful in our selection and invite none but good dancers,else they might bring ridicule on the profession. CliffordBarnes was one of them and he was the most popularpartner of the evening. Since then he has become abetter leader still.FRIENDLY HEROESWe students soon grew to know the members of theFaculty in a much more intimate way than it was possiblefor students of later generations to do. The fact that wehad to endure the common inconveniences of a pioneerlife drew us closer together, while it in no way diminished our respect for their learning. Often in lateryears I have felt a nostalgic yearning for that atmosphere,which was a mingling of confident friendliness and ofhero worship, that I so often breathed during the happydays of that first year.The men and women who had been drawn togetherby Dr. Harper's hypnotic enthusiasm were a varied assemblage. Each one stood out more distinctly becausethere was no common background into which he wouldmerge. The special ideas of the University had not beenwelded together so as to form an authoritative soundingboard against which one might utter opinions withoutfear of being heard. Each man must cast his own shadowin the full glare of the western sun, for as yet therewere neither trees nor buildings where he might seekshelter. One was not a professor of Botany; he wasBotany itself, with all its implications, scientific, socialand even religious. He could expand in all directionsunrepressed by an environment that had not yet becomefixed. He was free except as he might be limited by aprevious environment.And so I can now evoke them, not as a solid bloccalled the Faculty, but as colorful individuals who haveremained etched in my memory, unchanged by themodeling of Time's inexorable fingers. Philosophy meantfor me not only careful, cautious consideration of thetrend of man's thought, but it is associated with therough-hewn Lincolnesque figure of James Tufts whosenobly shaped head dominated a loose- jointed body thatwas forever trying to be at ease in his stiff professorialchair.Sometimes it was the subject that predominated, andoften it was the man. But always the picture is vividand clear because each had the marvelous opportunityof being himself. I try to recapture my first impressionswhich later may have been modified, as casual intercourse grew into friendships and the intimate association of years of comradeship.Mr. J. Laurence Laughlin will forever be for me the12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEFrank F. Abbott, first faculty appointee. He answered the flood of pre-opening questions.essence and flower of Good Form. He wore his academic•robe with easy grace, and was as much a master of socialrepartee as of economic formulae. Mr. and Mrs. William Gardner Hale brought with them a provision ofeastern culture that gave to their Sunday evenings acharm that made one forget the ugly stretches of vacantlots, and Mr. Hale's courtly manner of treating theLatin Subjunctive filled us with a new respect for theclassics. Dr. Albion W. Small was the exponent of astrange new subject which was listed as Sociology. Hisrich resonant voice made it sound very attractive, andwe loved to nibble the delicious kiichen served by hispretty German wife at their afternoon Kaffee-klatsches.Dr. Edmund James talked of a mysterious way ofdiffusing knowledge which he called University Extension Courses, while his genial wife organized classes ofGerman literature among the Faculty wives. The popular bachelors, Robert Harper, Adolph Miller, WilliamCaldwell made forays into those far off regions knownas Prairie Avenue where Society held sway, and filledus with envy of the unknown charmers who had luredthem from our circle. But we could not blame them.What had we to offer?Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer was the Officer deLiaison between the University and the City. She wasgreatly sought after because of her prestige as formerPresident of Wellesley, because of her distinguished husband, Professor- George Palmer of Harvard University,because of her gifts as a speaker, and because she wasa delightful human being, gifted with wit and warmthand an infinite tact. She was at the University for onlycertain fractions of the year but her presence, even forso brief a period, was of inestimable value, for sheattracted to the University the interest of men andwomen of Chicago who could appreciate the finer things of life. She gave them a vision of the happy co-operationthere might be between wealth and culture. I feel surethat it was due in a large part to her persuasive charmand keen intelligence that the enduring friendship ofsuch families as the Ryersons, Hutchinsons, Walkers,Spragues, Glessners and many other was won.There were few women on the Faculty that first year.Marion Talbot was Mrs. Palmer's able assistant, andassumed her authority in the long absence of the latter.Never did we have reason to doubt her sincerity norher deep interest in the welfare of the educated women,or, for that matter, in woman who longed to be educated.We graduate students always found her willing to meetour well meant, if sometimes awkward efforts, more thanhalf way.LOW BRICK BUILDINGMartha Foote Crow's melancholy sweetness permeatedone or two class rooms of the English Department butshe was little known to the students at large, becauseshe lived at a distance from the quadrangles. Therewas a Woman's gymnasium housed in a low brick building which also gave precarious shelter to the library.It was near where the sunken garden now is in theCourt of Mandel and Hutchinson Commons. The director of the Woman's Gymnasium was a vigorous youngperson known as Dr. Foster. As graduate students wereexempt from the necessity of physical training we hadbut a meagre acquaintance with Dr. Foster.There was another woman in that same brick building,Mrs. Zella Dixon, the custodian of books. It was saidof her that she insisted upon listing Henry James' novelWhat Mazey Knew, under Encyclopedias. This was allI knew of her abilities, but I am sure she must havebeen a faithful and devoted worker, else she would nothave risked her life daily in that temporary shelter ofbooks.The first academic year was drawing to a close. Therewas> to be no Summer Quarter, doubtless because thedistractions of the Midway would be devastating toscholarly work. Two Women's dormitories were near-ing completion, Kelly and Beecher, on the southeastcorner of the quadrangle. It would be a thrifty ideato rent out rooms there to World Fair visitors. Andwhy not rent the room in Divinity Halls and at Snell?This plan may have been an added reason for not beginning a Summer Quarter.Before the end of the Spring Quarter Mrs. Palmersent for me to come to her office and she there introduced me to a very distinguished looking gentleman bythe name of Mr. Hovey. He was a Massachusetts delegate to the World Fair, as was also Mrs. Palmer. Heasked me if I would like to act as hostess of the Massachusetts State Building, the John Hancock House. Iwas dazzled at the offer. I had very little idea pf whatit involved, and I strongly suspect that neither Mr.Hovey nor Mrs. Palmer had any but the vaguest ideasthemselves. It was evident that no large sum was tobe invested in the venture, for I was to receive theprincely amount of fifteen dollars a week, a room in theJohn Hancock House, an unlimited food account, anda passport into the grounds. In return I was to beTHE .UNIVERSITY OFready to talk to Latin American and French guests intheir native language. To me it opened an endlessvista of adventure. I accepted.For the next academic year, Dr. Knapp, head of theRomance Department, recommended me to the lowestrank on the Faculty, so that I might teach ElementarySpanish. The position was that known as Docent, andthe honorarium depended upon the number of studentsthat could be lured into taking the course. WhileAUGUST 29TH was a hot sultry day in Chicago —one of those days when you need every inspiration to keep from looking and feeling wilted. Inthe Alumni Foundation Office, although no one wouldadmit it, a few shots of mental adrenalin would havehelped particularly after the two-thirty mail delivery hadbrought the total number of gifts for the day up to ameager 44 and less than $500.No member of the staff had to be told the answer.Each carried a mental balance sheet as of the last maildelivery. At the moment it looked like this :AlumniParticipatingThe Goal . . . .. . . .$500,000.00 15,000To. Date .............. 461,642.28 13,840Lacking 38,357.72 1,160Mail days remaining before gift is presented 23Average daily receipts if goal is reached $1,667It suddenly had dawned on everyone in the office thatif August 29th were to be an average day for the nextfour weeks the goal would be missed by at least $25,000.Everyone knew that no John D. Rockefeller had offeredto underwrite this difference. They also knew definitelythat no padding would be used in the final report. Ithad to be f\ve hundred thousand cash ! The day passedhot and sultry and wilting. The next six days showedonly slight improvement averaging $655. Ground wasbeing lost to the tune of a thousand dollars per day.There was just one answer. If the alumni who haddelayed making their gifts knew what these gifts wouldmean in reaching the goal. . . CHICAGO MAGAZINE 13anxiously weighing the chances of survival should Iattempt to live on such a sum, Dr. Harper offered methe Headship, or, more accurately, the half Headship ofBeecher Hall, which would insure room and board. Thissolved the starvation problem and I went to live inJackson Park for the summer with the proud consciousness, which the circumstances did not justify, of beinga potential member of the faculty of the University ofChicago.No question was in the minds of the Foundationofficers but that this response would be generous enoughto carry the day. Twenty-five hundred volunteer workers from coast to coast had personally laid a solid foundation for just such an emergency while others who hadplanned all the while to join in the gift needed onlyreminders.When this announcement was mailed from the officeon September 12 the gift was lacking $27,400. BySeptember 22 the answer began to be evident. On thatday, for example, $4,460.96 from 175 alumni were piledon the cashier's desk.As September 27th approached, each morning the office took on an air of tense expectancy while the mailwas opened and "contents noted." There was the daywhen a $5,000 check dropped out of an envelope andupset the office equilibrium for the moment. Therewas the $2,500 surprise check which arrived from analumnus who had already given a similar amount earlierin the year. There were numerous hundred-dollarchecks with here and there a $200 and a $500. Andothers by the scores. Everyone was happy and workingat top sped to keep the records up to the minute.Then came Friday, September 26th. The staffworked on after 5 PM. At 6:30, without fanfare butwith genuine enthusiasm, Dorothy Heinlein, office manager, announced the final total: $506,809.99 from 15,083alumni ! It had been a brilliant photo finish — a job welldone.As we go to press crowds of alumni, back on thequadrangles for the Anniversary celebration, are streaming into the Chapel where they will join in the serviceof thanksgiving and witness the presentation of theirgift by Chairman of the Foundation, John Nuveen, Jr.,to President Hutchins.NOW IT CAN BE TOLDBACK TO COLLEGE AT 34• By ALBERT PARRYNOT SO many years ago, at the age of 34, Ientered the University of Chicago as a junior.Taking advantage of President Hutchins' NewPlan of study, I completed the last two years of collegein four and one-half months. There were weeks, I admit,when it seemed as if I had lifted more than I could carry,and so, on occasion, I slept little for lack of time andate less for dearth of money. But I had been slightlyoverweight anyway, and what is losing a few poundswhile you gain your B. A. and Phi Beta Kappa !The New Plan originated and is used mainly at Chicago, but some of its features have of late been adoptedin some other colleges of this country. The Chicagooriginal allows you to go toward your degree as rapidlyor as slowly as you please and can. If you feel youknow a subject you may take the course test withoutattending many, if any, of the lectures. Still better,you try those exams. wholesale— the so-called compre-hensives covering from five to seven courses in one six-hour sitting. To be sure, there are a few courses orlaboratory sessions, a fairly regular attendance of whichis required. But even in those no roll is called, and nosystem of cuts allowed or not allowed is practiced. Yourattendance is proved merely by the report you make,the term paper you write, or the test you take. Alsoyou have to be in residence three consecutive terms, or afull academic year, before you are given your degreeofficially. But there are minor compulsions. Actually,as you go along, you feel you must attend certain courseseven if you are not required to do so — they are sointeresting and important, their professors so challenging.On completing my B.A. requirements, I took life andstudy more leisurely. There was a scholarship, a fellowship, a brief research assistantship. Three years after Ihad first registered as an undergraduate I marched intothe Rockefeller chapel to listen to President Hutchins'convocation address and receive my Ph.D. diploma. Inhis address the President — a tall lanky man in his latethirties, with sleeves too short for his long arms, with afaintly petulant smile on his handsome face — urged usnot to repeat the errors of his generation. I, too, couldnot help smiling, but for a different reason : among thePh.D.'s and M.A.'s listening to the speech there werea number of men and women who were Mr. Hutchins'own age.SOME WERE OLDERAnd that was the most heartening thing about mythree years at the University— the fact that I was notalone in my category of an older man come back formore knowledge. Before I entered as a junior, anddesite all my brave effort to appear brave, there had beena small voice of fear within me. I had been afraidthat I would stick out like a sore thumb in a crowd ofJoe College lads and their magazine-cover lassies. Itwas a great relief, almost a joy, to discover in the classrooms other students of my age and even older. Somemen and women were in their forties, and there was an occasional determined soul in the fifties. They, too, hadseen the errors of their generation, although not preciselythe ones of which President Hutchins spoke, and socame back to college to correct them.What Mr. Hutchins meant in his remarks addressedmainly to our young fellow-graduates was the error oftoo much education along too utilitarian lines. As iswell known, Mr. Hutchins is against practical educationin our colleges and for the old Greek ideal of generaltruth-seeking. The error of those of us who returnedto college in their thirties and forties was that in ourown time, while Mr. Hutchins and his friends had received too much formal education, we had had too little.THAT SECRET WORRYTake my case. Way back in 1919 I had whatamounted to a year of study in a European university.In the middle 1920's I took a few favorite but desultorycourses at Columbia University and at the University ofCalifornia. But mainly, in the 1920's and 1930's, Itraveled much and tried many occupations, often fortheir color and unusualness more than for the livingthey gave me. I saw a great deal and read quite a bit.And so, many of my friends in New York, Chicago andLos. Angeles raised their eyebrows and shrugged theirshoulders when toward the end of a certain winter Ibegan my preparations for the fine adventure. Why goback to college at such a late date? It looked pretty sillyto them. For years they had said that I imparted a wiseand hearty quality to whatever I did. I was educatedenough, they felt, even if I did not have a single degree.They did not know that for five years or more, surelysince my late twenties, I have been secretly worried.For I had begun to see my life for what it was, a well-worn track leading nowhere in particular. I was growing old without any definite system or understanding.They did not see it, but I was paying a steep price forthe years of studying and reading what I liked andnot what anybody else would choose or decree for me in areasoned, seasoned program.If going back to college at the age of 34 was a sort ofpunishment, it was punishment for my carelessness orwilfulness. My stubborn escapes from a systematiceducation were finally coming to roost. The middle1930's, you will recall, were the first definite harbingersof a cataclystic struggle in the offing. It then seemedthat a showdown was nearing, a final and decisive battlebetween the Reds and the Browns, and most of myfriends in New York were going Left, and took it forgranted that I was coming along. The fact was, however, that my creed was peculiarly different from theirsor their enemies'. My faith was that the world's goodscould be redistributed quite painlessly and with gladhandshakes all around, that neither the workers in theslums nor the brokers of Wall Street and wastrels ofPark Avenue needed be lined up against their respectivefences and shot.But, although seemingly smooth and convincing in my14THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 15Albert Parry, the man who came back.Friends said he was silly. Here he tellswhat he found.arguments, I found a growing difficulty in expressingsuch thoughts to my friends on the Left and acquaintances on the Right. I found myself short of contemporary or historical facts, economic theories, sociologicaland psychological deductions, and other aids to argument. Therefore, I asked myself, was my creed a creed ?Was it not rather a conglomeration of vague feelingsand wishful thoughts? I should perhaps steel thisamorphous phenomenon into a more definite faith —theory — way of life — by supplying it with a solid backbone of real facts and real understanding, so as to havemy inner calm and strength in the accusing presenceof the Reds and in the threatening shadow of the Browns.On the campus I discovered that not every otherstudent of my age or older had come back to collegefor anywhere near my reason. Backgrounds differedeven more widely. But the aims, in the final analysis,were the same. There was, for instance, a man who inhis thirty-nine years had never traveled outside theMiddle West, had not known a single stupid or stimulating Leftist, in fact had not known anything exceptthe insurance which he sold in his native St. Paul for aliving and the mathematics and physics with which heamused himself in his free time. In the course of thathobby he came across an article on atom-smashing. Insome curious fashion the thoughts on atoms began tointerfere with his selling of insurance. It began to occurto him that insurance was puny compared with theuniverse and its large mysteries. But the more he readthe less he seemed to understand. What he wanted (helater explained to me) was to find the proper relationbetween the physical universe and man's social system.He needed expert help, he felt. And so he persuaded hiswife to hand over their business to her brother, cut downtheir living expenses, and come with him to the nearestuniversity with a good combination of social-sciencecourses and physical-science laboratories. The University of Chicago seemed to be the nearest. At first hetook courses as a student-at-large, but soon learned ofthe New Plan of working toward a degree. He needed aformal bachelor's degree even less than I did, but pres ently he saw that working toward a degree systematizedwhatever education you were seeking, and so changedfrom his free status to the formal undergraduate category.Like myself and other New Plan students, he attendedonly those courses within the set program which he feltwould enlighten him. If he believed he knew a subjector part of it, he omitted most or all courses in the field,reporting directly for examinations.There was, however, one student who took all thecourses in the program, even those she knew from theformal study in her girlhood years or from her laterreading. A woman in her forties, she said that her earlySouthern college education would have sufficed for herlifetime had she not been too young and flighty at thetime. She had skimmed through to her bachelor'sdegree with high marks but no true grasp of the coursesand little work in her special field of interest — anthropology. The reading of her latter years had been alongthe line of least resistance, in popular accounts ofanthropology rather than in the heavier and deeper tomes.Now, at the University, in her cheerful and thoroughQuaker manner she was re-doing the entire bachelor'sprogram from the very first step to the very last, covering the four-year schedule in some two and one-half.She signed for five and six courses per term, and ofthese she did two or three courses for quarterly marks,attending all the classes and writing all the term papers.The rest of the courses (mainly those where she felt herearly study or reading had been solid) she did by attending every single blessed lecture, but writing no papersand taking no examinations except the final compre-hensives.In a way, systems pursued by the mature New Planstudents differed with the reasons that had brought themto college at their late ages. There were, for instances,two students from Idaho, brother and sister, both intheir early thirties, who had come from their sheepranch after putting through college a number of youngerbrothers and sisters and finally deciding that it was hightime to do something for themselves. The man had ayear of college to his credit; his sister, two. Bothneeded refresher courses and had a long road ahead ofthem, since the man was intent not only on his B.S., aswas his sister for herself, but also on a Ph.D. in chemistry. For he had a pet theory on a certain treatmentof wool fabrics and needed not only the actual knowledgeto prove it but also the degree — "trades-union ticket," ashe called it — to impress the world-famous laboratorywhich he wanted to take up his research project. Tosave time in this difficult program without sacrificing thethoroughness of his preparation, the sister took coursesnot for herself alone but for the brother as well. Sheread her notes to him as he worked in his one-man shopat taxidermy for their joint living or cooked their meals(he was a better and faster cook than the woman), andthus he got ready for a whole series of examinations.In their second year at the University, the woman'sestranged husband came back to make peace — and givea hand by taking a couple of courses for his brother-in-law's benefit more than his own. The sister's bliss regained was apparently an inspiration: six months laterthe wool-specialist fell in love with a fellow-student, andsoon there were four of them in the unique group of16 THE UNI VERSITY OFcommunal life and study, with the chemist as the centraldriving force' and beneficiary. (P. S. — Two years later,or almost four years after the original pair first arrivedon the campus, there was the net gain of three degrees,two babies, and one grand job for the group. The jobcame to the chemist, and he has since amply repaid theother three for the help they so unstintingly gave him.)POOLS OF NOTESLess intimate but equally ingenious study groups wereformed by other men and women preparing for theircomprehensives. These were mainly review clubs,springing into existence some six or seven weeks beforethe examinations. We, the mature New Planners, wereusually the leaders in the organization, though not necessarily in the actual running of the sessions. Recruitingfrom seven to ten people, some of our age, others fromamong the youngsters, we took care to include good orearnest students only. They had to bring their noteswith them, and we selected the best of the lot, poolingthem into the common property of the club. The noteswere, of course, supplemented by textbooks, and, mostimportantly, by sheafs of questions asked at previousexaminations. These questions, scores and hundreds ofthem, when properly answered were the real bird's-eyeview of the ground we were supposed to have covered.Again and again we went over them at the sessions, eachmember answering in turn, the rest acting as examinersor learners. The pooled notes were our master-sheets.If we heard of especially good notes owned by somegraduate or non-member student, we went after them.Since the same course might have been given by differentprofessors at different times, we ran an unofficial popularity contest and concentrated on the notes taken in theclass of the winning prof. Thus, while Political Science201 was given in our own time by competent instructorson the basis of the latest books and events, we preferredthe notes taken a year or so previously, when Professor Frederick L. Schuman had given the unquestionably most lucid version of it. To these notes we merelyadded whatever men and events had said since Schuman'stime.It was in those study groups that we the older studentsmet with the younger ones on a footing even more equalthan in the classrooms. In the classes the youngsterscould not help but be infected with that deferrent mannerwhich the profs had toward us. In the study groupsthere were no professors, and we students of all ageswere closer together, worrying and sweating over thesame problems, and rejoicing in the common triumphsover the data covered and tests passed.Gradually we transferred our deliberations from theUniversity's study rooms to our living rooms, also tothe tables in the Commons or the International Houseor a medical students' cafeteria (where food was unattractive but extremely wholesome). Not only lecturesbut life and love and contemporary politics were thesubjects of our arguments between mouthfuls, and thusseveral celebrated tables came into being in a spirit mostspontaneous. Each group had a leader, established inthe same imperceptible way. In some cases it was anolder man or woman, in others an exceptionally brilliantor likeable youngster. We, the older ones, soon came to CHICAGO MAGAZINEfeel and talk — and, I am afraid, act — younger. On theother hand, in their moments of shy confidence someof our junior friends told us that they felt they werehelped toward maturity by being with us so much oftheir working and thinking time on such an equal footing. Some of them felt they could trust us better thaneven their favorite professors or staff psychologists.They came to cry on our seemingly broad shoulders, toborrow what they thought was our bravery or wisdomor magic touch. So used had we, the older ones, becometo this role of big brothers that the one or two suicidesmarking each academic year filled us with a vague senseof guilt, of omission, even if we did not know the victims.Much to our astonishment we discovered how muchsome of us really knew, how much we could tell theyoungsters and one another, thanks to our past vaga-bonding and working in the adult world. The discoverygave us confidence in our general outlook, in our hopesfor the future.CAMPUS SANTA CLAUSMeantime the skills we had brought from the outsidehelped us to make a living on or near the campus.Indeed, some of us found better luck than in the BigShuffle outside. In several cases it was the depressionor its after-effects that had driven the men or womenback to college. The depression ceased for them whentheir skills were discovered by the campus to be rewardedat a regular wage. There were among such maturestudents amateur gardeners, semi-professional bookbinders, translators, tutors, nurses and musicians whoseabilities were thus once more reclaimed.Several men found that their prestige was enhancedin the commercial eyes of the downtown world by thisnew connection with the University. A stock-and-bondhouse in the Loop engaged one of my older fellow-students to do specialized research in economics. Incredulously he related at our Commons table that he had triedfor that job several times before, each time at a lowerfigure than his present salary, but had always beenturned down. A free-lance writer getting his degree inhistory was engaged as managing editor of a twenty-fourvolume encyclopedia, not because he was a skilled writer-editor, but because the owners of the company heardthat in some way he was connected with the University.He moved into the publishers' offices like a little Napoleon and proceeded to play to the campus a most benevolent Santa Claus, hiring his fellow-students and friendprofessors to do sections of the encyclopedia at goodlyrates and with many bonuses.At the same time, the practical sense of such matureNew Planners forbade them to publicize their presenceat the University too much. The press was eager forthe stories of students doing the four-year course in halfthe time or less. Two such stories were given nationwide publicity, and in each case with unfortunate results.The accounts concerned two young students just pasttwenty. One, after graduating in some incredibly shorttime, had to be taken to a sanatorium with a nervousbreakdown. The other, after an .equally brief and madcareer, died of cancer. The daily press described bothNew Plan cases in terms even more extravagant thanthey justified. We, the mature men and women, wereTHEgoing through the curriculum as fast, if not faster, butwith sound reasons for the speed. Our practical sensetold us, however, that the press would treat us no lesssensationally, thus giving the beloved University and ourgood Plan a rotten deal and a bad name. And so weshooed off the reporters who came to fish for our stories.We told them that we were not scooting through thetemple of learning, that we were going at a reasonable —for us — pace. Which, of course, was true.PRECIOUS VIEWPOINTSBut it was chiefly in our studies that our past practicalexperience and present mature sense played their positive role. We knew how to learn the essentials, howto organize our time and our material most efficiently.Because of that, I am afraid, our professors gave us morecredit than we deserved. One of my older fellow-studentsactually resented when a young professor asked him inall seriousness: "Why do you keep on taking courseswith Professor X ? He is older than you, true, but it'sno secret on the campus that you know more than hedoes." The student resented this because, all the appearances to the contrary, he was learning from Professor X,not the data of the subject, which, thanks to his pastexperience in the field, he indeed knew and organizedbetter than the old teacher, but the point of view whichancient X had to offer in certain precious but generallyunappreciated ways.Yes, with some of us, going back to college was thesolution to the old problem of where to lay man's wearybody next rather than how to learn something new.Escape? Perhaps. Escape — to this world of peacefullibraries and classrooms, of gamerooms and stadia, oflawns in front of Gothic archways where students sprawlwith their books, of editorial rooms where they type andproofread their ivory-tower publications, of coffee-shopsand dormitory rooms with their "naive bull-sessions.Escape in an attempt to recapture the long-lost youth —as well as to patch up the gaps in knowledge. Escapefrom one's loneliness, too. But, as one of the escapists,a former business executive in his belated quest of B- A.,said to me: "Since when is it a crime to escape from ablind alley or a vicious circle?"I agreed with him. That night, in a letter to a friendin New Orleans who wanted to do what I had done,I wrote :An exacting institution this, certainly. God, howthese professors work you here once you show yourinterest. But you can read and mediate here undisturbedin a larger sense. You cam, expand quietly in this calmcompound if you wish to escape from ydur own and theworld's troubles. For these Midwestern towers andlawns, part of a great and throbbing city though theybe, do escape its clutches. They dominate the city asserenely and surely as a sylvan island rules over a turbulent river. Ivory towers these? Not entirely. Lookout towers they are at the same time, with wise watchmen surveying the life below, ready to join it wheneverthe need arises. So come over, if only to escape your CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17loneliness and increase your pozver of discernment beforeyour next major battle with life.And in truth, those of us who returned to college toescape loneliness did cease to look wistfully at otherpeople's windows and other people's friends. For, unless something is radically wrong with you, an Americancollege does give you a warmly-lit window of your ownand friends galore. And at the same time you find thateveryone around you is so busy that no one seriouslytries to live your life for you— no one really interfereswith you.As for your power of evaluation and discernment, itgrows here wonderfully. It is here, in college, morequickly than in any other environment that you learnto distinguish worthwhile people from those who comefrom the bottom of the deck intellectually or emotionally. You learn to exclude from your circle the grindsand apple-polishers who masquerade as philosophers.You skip the good but dry souls of scholarship whohave an excess of. understanding for books and notenough for humans — you pass a man who, to quote awitty friend of his, looks for footnotes and bibliographyeven in restaurant menus. You discover genuine persons. In your escape you find new life.THE BLIND MICEThis is not to say that all are bound to be as wellsatisfied in their quest as myself and my friends havebeen in ours. On the campus I watched at least onewoman in her late thirties, and at least one man in hisearly forties, who tried our fare and found it lacking.But the woman was not a scholar. She was a celebrity-hunter, ever in search of delightful lecturers who wouldhand her culture on a platter, would season their discourses with anecdotes and figures of speech. The manwas brilliant but resentful of the very institution of examinations which he branded "that idiotic froth spewedup by nitwits for the pain of earnest people." He refused to go through the mill despite all the scholarshipsand fellowships given him. He was like a splendidmustang, desiring the shelter of a corral, but objectingto the least bit of halter. He could not understand themodicum of patient conformity which my friends and Idisplayed toward the University requirements. "Butwhat do you get out of it?" he thundered at us.To this day he does not believe us that, in exchangefor our trouble in coming back at 34 (and 45 and even56), the University gave us not only a respite from ourpersonal tangles, and not only a better earning capacityby supplying us with that "trade-union ticket" of aformal degree, but also — most importantly— the abilityto discern a true distinction between systems on theone hand and those that are under them on the other.It would have been too much to expect of the Universityto instil us, mature men and women, with brand-newtruths or philosophies of life. But the place did teachus to stand more firmly on the feet which had broughtus there.A valuable lesson, if we learned nothing more.UNIVERSITY OFNEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESSHAFTS of soft yellow September sunlight arefiltering through the leaves of "Divinity" quadrangles this afternoon. The campus is quiet —except for the chattering of a squirrel scolding the workmen removing dead ivy from Haskel's walls. Summerstudents have returned home ; undergraduates will not beback for another fortnight.But underneath this quiet the quadrangles are buzzing.Goodspeed hall, once a Divinity dormitory, now housesthe office of Frederic Woodward, vice-president emeritusand director of the Fiftieth Anniversary celebration.Mr. Woodward's plans for the big event — in preparationfor more than two years — are taking final shape. Honorary degrees to thirty-five renowned scholars and scientists; gatherings of alumni of all class, from all quarters; more than one hundred college presidents amongdelegates from four hundred and fifty colleges, universities and learned societies who will throng the quadrangles during the last week of the month to "gladlysing her praise". . . .The two campaigns draw to their close. Alumni hadalready given $455,098 at the time of the Alumni Assembly in June. The sum is now very close to the halfmillion mark. The Citizens Board drive, aiming at amillion and a half dollars, has raised $825,000. Moneycontributed to the University since the campaign begannow totals over $8,000,000.THE SUMMER OUARTERRegistration for the summer quarter was up 0.5%, or3,686 students compared with last summer's 3,668students, Dean Carl F. Huth reported. • By BERNARD LUNDY, '37In addition there were 3,500 men and women from allparts of the country registered throughout the summerfor professional institutes and conferences on thequadrangles. This does not include attendance at publiclectures and lecture series.More than fifty outstanding experts in inter-American affairs from Canada and North, Central, and SouthAmerica lectured or led discussions at the seventeenthNorman Waite Harris Foundation Institute, each yeardevoted to promotion of a better understanding inAmerica of other nations. Among the speakers were:Dr. Eduardo Villasenor, director general of the Bankof Mexico: "As a natural and inevitable result of economic laws beyond her control, the United States, topreserve her internal equilibrium, must inevitably export capital to Latin America. I say . . . get rid ofyour treasure, lend it, give it, throw it away, if you donot want to perish in the misery of plenty."Dr. Herminio Portell- Villa, of the University of Havana : "Inter- American solidarity must rest on deeplyfelt convictions of a common destiny, not on fear of invasion by Germany . . . citizens of the dictator-nationsin South America are firmly devoted to the principlesof democracy. The Latin American dictator, at hisworst, will always consider his regime a temporary one,and will attempt to justify it on the ground that hiscountry needs it in order to have democracy later on.Not even the most unscrupulous dictator will make astatement against democracy."Participants of thirteen other special conferences andinstitutes during the summer heard opinions in thefields of:SUNSET OVER ROSENWALD HALL, HOME OF THE INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY18THE UNIVERSITY OFChild Psychology. Dr. Stephen M. Corey, Superintendent of the University Laboratory Schools : "Theaverage boy of ten is torn in a conflict between the typeof behavior demanded by his parents and the type demanded by his playmates. Parents want the boy to bea little man. But to his age-mates, clean hands and nailsare practically immoral. . . Children find themselves ina decidedly frustrating situation; they must do entirelydifferent things to gain the respect of different personswhose respect is needed. Parents must get acquaintedwith the child's play behavior, and develop an appreciation of the importance of his status in the eyes of hisplaymates."Mother-Teacher Relations. Dr. Augusta T. Jameson,psychologist of the Institute for Juvenile Research :"Teacher-mother jealousy is frequently a stumbling-block in teaching the problem-child how to read. Toooften a mother's contact with the teacher is limited tooccasions where the child is having difficulties. . . Theteacher, from the mother's point of view, has a very easylife. Whether they realize it or not, most teachers wantchildren of their own. In the teacher's eyes the motheris a lucky person and has an easy life. Through thework of the Parent-Teacher Associations, visiting teachers, social workers and school psychiatrists, teachersand mothers can better understand each other's viewpoints."Propaganda. Dr. Ralph W. Tyler, Chairman of theDepartment of Education : "The most common characteristic of students ... is a kind of immunity to propaganda— a type of skepticism in which propaganda material ofall sorts is rejected. . . A good citizen cannot be immune to the reactions of others. He must seek tounderstand conflicting points of view. If intelligentlyunderstood and used, propaganda provides means bywhich we identify difficulties in our society. . . A kindof educational discipline (is needed) so fundamental inits intellectual quality and in its social significance asto require and justify the co-operation of teachers ofthe social studies, language and literature, science,mathematics and the arts."Tuberculosis. Dr. Robert C. Bloch, Associate Professor of Medicine: "Diagnosis by x-ray or fluoroscopeis the only technique by which the disease can be detected in its earliest stages, when treatment is the easiest.X-ray examination for tuberculosis should be maderoutine in every hospital."Food Poisoning. Dr. William Burrows, Assistant Professor of Bacteriology : "The most common, though leastdangerous, type of food poisoning results from leavingstarchy substances (filling of eclairs, cream pies,gravies) exposed in a warm room; the most deadlyfrom home-canned foods which have been insufficientlyheated."Mosquitos. Dr. Clay G. Huff, Associate Professor ofParasitology: "Development of fast ocean liners, airplanes, and automobiles has greatly increased the dangerof the invasion of new areas by the Anopheles, or malarial mosquito. In Europe we may expect recurrenceof thema laria epidemics of the first world war ... itwould be folly to predict a definite time."Wardrobe Budget. Martha Dinwiddie, of the Farm CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19Security Administration: "For $7.52 per year a highschool girl can maintain an adequate wardrobe, usingcotton materials, low priced basic patterns, related colorscheme and interchangeable parts. This is on a threeyear replacement basis."NATIONAL DEFENSEStudents who desire to earn their Bachelor's degreebefore they are 21 — -and eligible for the draft- — can doso in three years with greater ease under a summerquarter schedule now "reinforced" with undergraduatecourses not previously offered in the summer. Theaverage freshman is 18. If he is called at 21 his education is cut off at the fruition. Too, the need for university-trained men and women in defense is heavy.Ample loan funds (one of the University's best investments) are available to students who would otherwisehave to work in the summer. In this way Dr. Harper'squarter-plan innovation bears fruit for defense in 1941.Another education-for-defense effort is in the formof two low-priced books designed to clarify thought ondemocracy, published by the University under the auspices of the Charles R. Walgreen Foundation for theStudy of American Institutions. "What Is Democracy?"by Charles E, Merriam, dean of the country's politicalscientists, ($1.00) ; and "Democracy in American Life"($1.50) by Avery O. Craven, leading historian ofAmerican affairs.Perhaps not directly under a "National Defense"heading is the report that more babies were born inLying-in hospital in July than in any other month ofLying-In's ten year history. January, 1935, saw 266births. July, 1941, saw 282. That brings total birthsover the ten years, two month period to 26,703, or morethan enough to populate a town the size of Maywood,Illinois. And the new high of 282 includes three setsof twins.Among other additions at the University:Oliver Reynolds Wulf , regarded as the nation's leading authority on the physics of the upper atmosphere,to the staff of the University's Institute of Meteorology.Formerly of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Dr.Wulf is also taking charge of the U. S. Weather bureaustation atop Rosenwald Hall.Dr. Helmuth ' Landsberg, internationally known geophysicist, who will make a special study of the extentand effect of Chicago's lake breezes. Formerly of thePennsylvania State College, he also joins the staff ofthe Institute of Meteorology.Dean Wilbur G. Katz, of the Law School, to the JohnP. Wilson Professorship in Law at the University. Oneof the youngest law school deans in the country and anationally known authority on corporate finance, DeanKatz succeeds the late Ernst Freund, eminent legalscholar, and Dean Emeritus Harry A. Bigelow.In two convocations during the summer 1,206 candidates received degrees. They included a native of Baghdad, here on a scholarship from his government; aformer campus beauty queen who was married shortlyafter; and a young woman who, as a sophomore, refusedto dance before the King and Queen of England becausethe trip to Winnipeg would take too much time fromher studies.20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECollege-trained men and womenCHEMISTS, ENGINEERS, ECONOMISTS, TECHNOLOGISTSSCIENTIFIC, PROFESSIONAL, ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNELare needed in the Federal Career ServiceGOVERNMENT ACTIVITIES ARE EXPANDING. The national emergency iscreating new problems, new methods, new jobs. A Government position offersopportunities for personal advancement and effective service to the Nation, particularly in professional and scientific work.National Defense, Soil Conservation, Reclamation, Flood Control, Public Lands,Public Health, Taxation, Industrial Relations, Labor Relations, Interstate Commerce,Social Security, Research — these are but a few of the current problems with whichGovernment departments and Government personnel are concerned.There are positions to be filled at Washington, D. C, and in many of the States.Have you seen a list of Federal civil-service examinations now open? Have youfiled an application with the Civil Service Commission at Washington?LEARN WHAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS TO OFFER through civil service.Application forms can be obtained from United States civil-service representativesat first- or second-class post offices or from civil-service district offices.2^-NEWS OF THE CLASSES1893Edward 0. Sisson of Bremerton,Washington, a member of that famouslittle band that came to the brand newUniversity of Chicago for their Senioryear, is now an emeritus professor ofphilosophy at Reed College.1903Helen M. Benney, president of theValparaiso, Indiana, Public LibraryBoard, devotes her time to various civicduties besides doing newspaper writing.Walter W. Hamburger, SM '04,MD '06, of Chicago, spent the summerat Lake Lure, North Carolina.1905On Saturday, June 21, fifty-sevenmembers of the Department of Medicine at the University of Chicago gavea birthday dinner to George F. Dick,MD Rush, in celebration of his sixtiethbirthday.Carleton J. Lynde, PhD, ProfessorEmeritus of Columbia UniversityTeachers' College, has recently published a book called "Science Experiences with Ten Cent Store Equipment."1911Perry D. Trimble, JD '12, ofPrinceton, Illinois, is President of theBureau County Bar Association.1912Natalie G. Marks, of Lake Villa,Illinois, is Chairman of the Lake CountyChapter of the American Red Cross.1913Mrs. Mayme I. Logsdon, AM '15,PhD '21, of the University's Department of Mathematics, was one of thefive lecturers on Mathematics at theAnnual Conference of the Head Mistresses Association and Secondary Education Board that was held in Troy,New York, from September 7 to 12.Katharine Putnam, AM '28, missionary in China, has been forced bywar conditions to leave her mission station in Yangchow and has now locatedin Kweilin Kwangsi.1914This year's Committee of Selectionfor the Guggenheim Foundation's LatinAmerican Fellowships included Perci-val Bailey, PhD T8, Professor ofNeurology and Neurosurgery at theUniversity of Illinois Medical School.Mrs. James W. Pearce (Lydia Lee)teaches Public Speaking and English atTilden Technical High School in Chicago.Erling H. Lunde is Secretary-Treasurer of Central Tools, Incorporated at 80 East Jackson Boulevard inChicago.On July 1, Frank M. Webster be came Acting Dean of the College ofLiberal Arts at Washington Universityin St. Louis.1915Fred Carleton Ayer, PhD, is Distinguished Professor of Educational Administration at the University of Texas.W. H. Wiser has returned from hismission in Saharanpur, India, and islocated in P'ottstown, Pennsylvania.1916Marion Davidson sailed for Trinidad the middle of July to become assistant to the. general manager for theconstruction of the American navy basethere.Peter Hagboldt, PhD '24, of Chicago1, has written a fine new text entitled, "The Teaching of German,"which is published by D. C. Heath andCompany. ,1917To Paul G. Blazer and his associates goes the credit for somethingnew in riverboats, the "Jhn Martin," astreamlined steel masterpiece poweredby twin Diesel engines, which was recently launched in the lower Ohio.Frederick C. Lusk, JD '22, is now with the Treasury Department in Washington, D. C.C. A. Robins, MD Rush, of St.Maries, Idaho, who has served on theIdaho State Senate since 1938, was thisyear elected President of the NorthIdaho Chamber of Commerce.1918Charles H. Behre, PhD '25, Pro-essor of Economic Geology at Northwestern University since 1939, went toColumbia University this year to fill thesame post.1919W. S. Allen, President of John B:Stetson University in De Land, Florida, has been elected President of theFlorida State Baptist Convention for asecond year.Florence M. Brumback, SM, hasbeen appointed Assistant Professor ofBiology at Tougaloo College in Tougaloo, Mississippi.Kenneth Macpherson, an officer inthe State Department, is engaged in thepromotion of friendly relations betweenthis country and the other Americanrepublics.Charles H. McReynolds, JD '21,has accepted a position with the Depart-wi Gjje Unfoeriitp of Cftcaao||p UHIVCRSI6P COLLGGGI N THE LOOPPUBLIC LECTURESTUESDAYS6:45-7:45 P. M.The Art Institute11:00 A. M. to12:30 P. M.18 S. Michigan Ave.WEDNESDAYS7:00-8:30 P. M.18 S. Michigan Ave.7:00-9:00 P. M.The Art Institute7:30-9:30 P. M.18 S. Michigan Ave.THURSDAYS7:30-9:00 P. M.18 S. Michigan Ave.FRIDAYS6:45-7:45 P. M.The Art Institute4 15-5:45 P. M.18 S. Michigan Ave. r *BRTTISH WRITERS AND THE WAR— 5 lectures by DavidDaiches (Oct. 14 to Nov. 11) (Course, $1.50).* STOCK-MARKET PRICES— 5 lectures by S. H. Nerlove(Nov. 18 to Dec. 16) (Course, $1.50).fART TOMORROW (illustrated)— 10 lecture-conferences byLucv Driscoll (Oct. 14 to Dec. 16) (Also a Wednesdayevening section) (Course, $10.00).fARE YOU TELLING THEM? — 6 lecture-conferences by BessSondel (Oct. 15 to Nov. 19) (Course, $3.00).fTHE LAW OF LABOR DISPUTES— 5 lecture-conferencesby Charles O. Gregory (Nov. 12 to Dec. 10) (Course,$10.00).tGREAT BOOKS: HOMER TO CERVANTES— By MortimerAdler and Assistants (Downtown, 2 sections, alternateWednesdays, Oct. 15 to June 10 and Oct. 22 to June 17)(Also 2 sections on the Quadrangles, alternate Mondays,Oct. 13 to June 8 and Oct. 20 to June 15) (17 sessions,$20.00).la expresion literaria en LOS escritores HI-SP ^NO-AMERICANOS — 3 lectures in Spanish by AmadoAlonso (Oct. 22 to Nov. 5) (Course, $1.50).r fARE WE THINKING STRAIGHT? A Practical Guide to{ Sound Reasoning — 10 lecture-conferences by Milton B.I.' Singer (Oct. 16 to Dec. 18) (Course, $5.00).*BTNDU LIFE AND CEREMONIES: FROM THE CRADLETO THE GRAVE— 10 lectures by Sunder Joshi (Oct. 17 toDec 19) (Course, $3.00).^RELIGION SEEKS SOLUTION IN A WORLD OF CHANGE— ^10 lecture-conferences by Sunder Joshi (Oct. 17 to Dec.19) (Course, $5.00).*Single admission, 50 cents. tNo single admissions.For detailed announcement regarding public lectures and lecture conferences, addressDEAN, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE18 South Michigan Avenue Telephones DEArborn 3673 or 36742122 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEment of Agriculture in the nationalcapital.Mrs. Louis Wirth (Mary Bolton) isExecutive Secretary of the ChicagoChapter of the American Association ofSocial Workers.1920Robert E. Matthew, JD, doing hisshare for defense, serves as chairmanof a Selective Service Board in Columbus, Ohio.1922Florence P. Eckfeldt, SM '28,teaches Spanish and German at Amundsen High School in Chicago.1923Blair R. Laughlin, an automobileparts engineer for a motor supply company in Goshen, Indiana, lives in nearby Syracuse with his wife and two sons.Daniel J. Magner is Principal ofboth the Hartigan Elementary Schooland the Phil Sheridan Summer Schoolin Chicago.Blair Plimpton, AM '38, formerlySuperintendent of Marengo, Illinois,Grade Schools, has become Headmasterof Barrington Country Day School inBarrington, Illinois.R. B. Robins, MS, MD '25, has recently been elected President of the Arkansas Medical Society.1924Harold A. Anderson, AM '26, As sistant Marshall of the University andmember of the Department of Education faculty, heads the Department ofEnglish in the University High School.John A. Hardin, AM, doubles asDean of the College and Professor ofMathematics at Centenary College ofLouisiana in Shreveport.Robert Pollak writes music anddrama criticism for the Chicago DailyTimes.1925Orville D. Buckles, JD, is Corporation Counsel of Evanston, Illinois.The newly appointed Chinese Minister to Brazil is Shao Hwa Tan, AM,PhD '27, who formerly represented hisgovernment in Mexico.1926Marjorie Anderson, PhD, an assistant professor at Hunter College, willbecome an associate professor of English on the first of the year.Carlile Bolton-Smith, JD, is affiliated with the Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington,D. C.W. H. Gray, AM, PhD '29, teachesEducational Psychology at EmporiaState Teachers College in Emporia,Kansas.Mrs. Arthur Holt (Isabelle Williams) is Supervisor of Art in the public schools of Waynesboro, Virginia.Mrs. Russell M. Wise (WinifredWilliams) teaches French in the Sun set Hill School for Girls, Kansas City,Missouri.1927Andrew M. MacMahon, PhD, ofHouston, Texas, is' a consulting physicist engaged in planning exhibits inChemistry, Physics and Mathematics.Charles L. Odom, AM '27, of Southwestern Louisiana Institute, has beenelected to membership in the AmericanCollege Personnel Association.Jean T. Simpson, SM, PhD, '39, isan associate professor of Home Economics at the University of Illinois thisyear.1928H. Leigh Baker, AM, is Dean of theCollege of Education and Professor ofEducation at Drake University, in DesMoines, Iowa.When school opened in SeptemberRaymond E. Hayes began his fourteenth year as History teacher and headof the History Department at ArlingtonHeights High School in ArlingtonHeights, Illinois.Carl H. Henrikson, Jr., formerlyeducational director of the National Association of Credit Men; has accepted aposition as regional business consultantfor the United States Department ofCommerce.Elvin E. Overton, JD '31, heads theLaw School at Mercer University, Macon, Georgia.Reuben Ratner, MD Rush, recentlyIT'S TIME FORJtlUUNSAUSAGEWITH THEOLD-TIME FLAVORGet set for a treat when you bring home Swift's BrookfieldSausage. . For here's pork sausage with the old-time flavorfolks really hanker for!For hearty meals, try the extra-plump Dinner-Size links . . .with skins tendered in the juice of fresh pineapples. Or asizzling platterful of Standard-Size links or patties will bringthe family running.Don't put off serving this grand treat another day. BuySwift's Brookfield, in the new red-plaid package, from yourneighborhood dealer now.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23Movie Opportunity No. 44!.-'FllMOtflTHI***A• There's no record of active childhoodso true to life as a movie record. Nothingelse will so vividly perpetuate the memo-riesyour heart would have never grow dim.But — priceless movie opportunities arepassing daily. So begin taking moviesnow! And to getfine movies right from thefirst, begin with a Filmo, built by themakers of Hollywood's preferred studioequipment to give professional results withamateur ease. Just press a button, and whatyou see, you get . . . in/ull color or brilliantblack-and-white.Soon you'll have mastered the easyfundamentals. Then you'll rejoice thatFilmo imposes no restrictions upon yourever increasing ability . . . that it providesthe features advanced workers want. SeeFilmos at a near-by dealer's or mail coupon. Bell & Howell Company, Chicago;New York; Hollywood; Washington,D. C; London. Established 1907.ONLY A FILMO 8OFFERS ALL THESE FEATURES:* A lifetime guarantee!• "Drop-in" loading ... noSprockets to thread.• Sealed-in lubrication . . .no oiling.• Adjustments for slow-motion scenes and animated-cartoon filming.• A basic camera, withversatility to keep paceQf with your progress.PALM-*^r#^^.^o^ /V • Makes 8mm. movies forSIZE ««*Ty»*' w a few cents a scene.Ww With turret head, from $109.50Fi I mo-Master 8mm. Projector now only $109Prefer 16mm. Him? See the new Filmo AutoLoad, ace of 16mm. magazine-loadingcameras. From $12}.Mail Coupon for FREE Mov/o Booklet• • •BELL & HOWELL COMPANY1839 Larchmont Ave. , Chicago, 111.Please send free : ( ) 16-page booklet about Filmo8mm. movie equipment ;( ) information about16mm. Filmo Auto Load Cameras. promoted to rank of Adjunct- in theCl^est Department of Mount Zion Hospital in San Francisco, writes that hefrequently visits with the large groupof Rush alumni who are located in LosAngeles.1929H. G. Abraham, AM, of Woodstock,Illinois, is Principal of the local Community High School.1930Ethel L. Ali.geier teaches elementary school in Fort Wayne, Indiana.Mrs. J. A. Griffin, Jr. (ElizabethThomason) has joined the ranks ofChicago women devoting their leisuretime to Red Cross work.I93JIda M. Didier, SM, heads the HomeEconomics Department at MarygroveCollege in Detroit.Bertha Keith Payne is engaged insocial service work with the ChicagoRelief Administration.Hugh Sebastian, AM, is collegerepresentative for the Macmillari Company in Michigan and Ohio.1932Susan G. Akers, PhD, directs theSchool of Library Science at the University of North Carolina and heads theAmerican Library Association's Committee on Library Terminology.Bernard Brodie, PhD '40, has beenappointed Instructor of Political Science at Dartmouth College, Hanover,New Hampshire.Lee O. Garber, PhD, is the newlyappointed Superintendent of Schools inLake Forest, Illinois.Jack L. Hough, SM '34, PhD '40,recently accepted a position as researchgeologist with the Humble Oil and Refining Company in Houston, Texas.Leone Meilhan, AM '39, on sabbatical leave this year, is studying at theUniversity of California at Los Angeles.Besides teaching in the English Department of Lincoln University at Jefferson City, Missouri, A. S. Pride, AM,heads the Public Relations Committeeof the same institution.Lawrence J. Schmidt has left Chicago to become Area Director of theNYA, overseeing eleven counties inwestern Illinois, centering at Galesburg.James R. Sharp, JD '34, formerly ofSt. Louis, now has a place on the staffof the Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington, D. C.1933Gertrude Fennema teaches kindergarten at Ogden and Oak Schools inLaGrange, Illinois.Philip Lampert, JD '35, was recently made an inspector for the Wageand Hour Division of the Departmentof Labor with headquarters in Chicago.Mary Vic Mauk, AM, who returnedfrom her teaching post at Ewha Collegein Korea because of the internationalsituation, is now Assistant State Super visor of Alabama's WPA MusicProject.Donald Pierson, AM, PhD '39,whose study of the Brazilian Negro willbe published by the University of Chicago Press this fall, has been appointedChairman of the newly organized Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the University of Sao Paulo inBrazil.Herman E. Ries, Jr., PhD '36, is aresearch chemist for the Sinclair OilCompany in Chicago.Leonard R. Sillman, MD Rush '37,a psychiatrist, is located at 681 Clark-son Avenue, Brooklyn, New York.Veda Stern, teaches English in Chicago's Foreman High School and devotes her spare time to kodachrome pho-BUSINESS DIRECTORYAMBULANCE SERVICEBOYDSTON BROS.All phones OAK. 0492operatingAuthorized Ambulance Servicefor Billings HospitalUniversity Clinics, etc.PACKARD AND LASALLE EQUIPMENTAUTO LIVERYAuto LiveryLarge Limousines5 Passenger Sedans $3 Per Hour$2 Per HourSpecial rates for out of townEMERY-DREXEL LIVERY INC.5547 S. HARPER AVE.FAirfax 6400AUTOMOBILESFRED W. REMBOLD, INC.6130 Cottage Grove Ave.DODGE and PLYMOUTHDirect Factory DealersSales and ServiceDependable Used CarsPhone Midway 0506AWNINGSPhones Oakland 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.,INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueERSITY OF CHICAGO M24 THE UN IVBOILER REPAIRINGBEST BOILER REPAIR & WELDING CO.24-HOUR SERVICELICENSED - BONDEDINSUREDQUALIFIED WELDERSHAYmarket 79171404-08 S. Western Ave.. ChicagoMEDICAL BOOKSof All PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andall New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEAKMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical CollegeBUTTER & EGGSMURPHY BUTTER and EGG GO.2016 CALUMET AVE.CHURNERS OF FANCY CREAMERY BUTTERFINEST WISCONSIN EGGSAlways UniformChurned Fresh DailyPhone CALumet 5731CATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900- —0901Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882CEMENT CONTRACTORST. A. REHNQUIST CO.\ i "7 CONCRETEV-// FLOORS\v\r SIDEWALKS\\ V MACHINE FOUNDATIONSw MASTIC FLOORSv ALL PHONESEST. 1929 Wentworth 44226639 So. Vernon Ave.CHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, '12B. R. Harris, '21Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6 tography, her favorite subject beingMexico.Cheuk-Woon Taam, PhD, havingbeen appointed librarian of the PekingUnion Medical College in 1937 wasnever able to travel to his new post because of the war situation and so accepted an invitation to become Curatorof the University of Hawaii's OrientalCollection, which position he still holds.1934Robert S. Alvarez, PhD '39, was recently appointed Librarian of theBrockton, Massachusetts, Public Library.Aaron Altschul, PhD '37, has accepted a position in the regional laboratory of the U. S. District of Agriculture in New Orleans.Alfred L. Bayes, PhD '41, joinedthe staff of the Linde Air ProductsCompany in Buffalo on June 16.Arthur B. Berthold, AM, Associate Director of the Philadelphia Bibliographical Center and Union LibraryCatalogue is participating in the survey of union catalog's being made bythe Board on Resources of AmericanLibraries.O. K. Sagen, PhD, is the chief statistician in the Illinois State Departmentof Public Health.Royal M. Vanderburg, SM '40, isteaching Physics at Missouri ValleyCollege in Marshall, Missouri.1935J. Lloyd Trump, AM, has been madePrincipal of Horace Mann High Schoolat Gary, Indiana.1936William T. Hodgson, AM, directsthe inspection of all institutional andnon-institutional social services throughout the Union of South Africa.The National Health Institute inWashington, D. C, recently addedBernard L. Horecker, PhD '39, to itsbody of experts.Rae Rips, AM '38, is a reference assistant in charge of government documents at Northwestern University's Library of Commerce.Helen D. Schroeder has joined thestaff of Milwaukee-Downer Seminaryin Milwaukee as a French instructor.Kurt H. Thies, AM, has been appointed Director of the Ouachita Parish Department of Public Welfare inMonroe, Louisiana.Joseph Verlson, MD, is an assistantmedical officer at St. Elizabeth's Hospital in Washington, D. C.1937Jerome M. Alper, JD, practices lawat 1778 Pennsylvania Avenue, N. W.,Washington, D. C.Robert C. Anderson has become associated with the Atlas Trailer Company in Chicago.Winston Ashley, AM, received hisPhD at the University of Notre Dame AGAZINECOALEASTMAN COAL CO.Established 1902YARDS ALL OVER TOWNGENERAL OFFICES342 N. Oakley Blvd.Telephone Seeley 4488Wasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phones: Wentworth 8620-1-2-3-4Wesson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wasson DoesCOFFEE-TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209-13 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1350Boston — New York— Phi ladelphia — SyracuseELECTRICAL CONTRACTORSWM. FECHT ELECTRIC CO.CONTRACTORS - ENGINEERSLIGHT & POWER CONSTRUCTIONTelephoneW. Jackson Blvd. Seeley 2788EMPLOYMENTCOLOREDDOMESTIC HELPFurnishedDay or NightReferences investigated.Englewood Employment Agency5530 S. State Phone-Englewood 3 1 8 1 -3 1 82Street Night-Englewood 3181Established 20 yearsTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 25GRAPHIC ARTSTHE SCRIPTORIUMScribes • Illuminators • BindersC L RICKETTS JASPER S KINGIf it is said to last a lifetime or longer, sayit sincerely with well-chosen words in beautiful, imperishable designMESSAGES OF APPRECIATION, RESOLUTIONS, ILLUMINATED INSCRIPTIONS,MEMORIALS; BIRTHDAY, CHRISTMASAND GUEST BOOKS; CRESTS, COATSOF ARMS, TITLE PAGES•DIPLOMAS, CITATIONS,HONORARY DEGREES, CHARTERSValued papers and letters restoredand bound38 SOUTH DEARBORN STREETDEARBORN 0001 CHICAGOGROCERIESLEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: Hyde Park 9100-1-2DAWN FRESH FROSTED FOODSCENTRELLAFRUITS AND VEGETABLESWE DELIVERLAUNDRIESSUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 5110LETTER SERVICEPOND LETTER SERVICEEverything in LettersHooven TypewritingMultigraphingAddressograph Service MimeographingAddressingMailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones 418 So. Market St.Harrison 8118 ChicagoLITHOGRAPHERL. C. Mead '21. E. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, ING.Planograph — Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 8182OFFICE FURNITURE.Business Equips*rri&Tz'tcFILING CABINETSDESKS — LOCKERSCUPBOARDS — SHELVINGMetal Office Furniture Co.. Grand Rapids, Michigan . in June just prior to becoming a novice at the Dominican House of Studiesin River Forest, Illinois.Michael Berkman, PhD '41, is a research chemist for the American CanCompany in Chicago.Allan B. Cole, 'AM, PhD '40, an instructor of History at the University ofTexas, held a scholarship for CornellUniversity's Chinese and Japanese Language Institute this summer.Eugene Herz, MBA '38, teaches accounting in the Englewood EveningJunior College, Chicago.Theodore Puck, PhD '40, has beenmade a research associate in the Department of Medicine at the University of Chicago.1938Henry Bluestone, SM '39, recentlyaccepted a position with the Utah RadioProducts Company of Chicago.Kenneth C. Eberly, PhD '3&, isnow associated with the Firestone Rubber Company in Akron, Ohio.Grace Powers is a social worker inEast St. Louis, Illinois.Francis J. Seiter, JD '40, serves onthe staff of the Chicago Ordnance District of the War Department.1939Since 1929 Rufus B. Atwood, AM,has been President of Kentucky StateCollege in Frankfort, Kentucky.Benjamin F. Brooks, PhD, is Professor of Economics at Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana.• Walter A. Eggert, PhD, is an assistant professor of education at DePaul University in Chicago.J. L. Glathart, PhD, teaches Physics at Shurtleff College in Alton, Illinois.Paul Howard, AM, serves as librarian in the Gary, Indiana, PublicLibrary.Robert F. Lane, PhD, Librarian ofMunicipal University at Omaha and aprinting enthusiast, is now a member ofthe Traveling Exhibitions Committee ofthe American Institute of Graphic Arts.Kathyrn Mier, AM '40, an assistant in the Public Library Division ofthe American Library Association, willserve as Secretary of the Chicago Library Club for 1941-42.Mrs. Ivan Niven (Mary-AnnMitchell) of Champaign, Illinois, islocal radio chairman for the League ofWomen Voters.1940Seymour K. Coburn, research chemist for Miner Laboratories in Chicago,was one of the organizing members ofthe Scouting Fraternity, Alpha Phi'Omega.Rose Cohen, AM, is the Social Science reference librarian at Detroit Public Library.Robert J. Cooney teaches Accounting at Central Y. M. C. A. College inChicago. Mrs. F. M. Swisher (Lois Hay '40)does supervisory work for MontgomeryWard in Denver, Colorado.Clair Kercher has accepted a position as Instructor of Foods at the University of Minnesota.Geraldine Kidd recently accepted aposition at Bobs Roberts Hospital inChicago.Sarah G. Nichols, AM, is doingchild welfare work with the hundredand fifty-five British child guests whocame from Kodak Ltd. employees'homes at Harrow to Eastman Kodakemployees' homes in Rochester, NewYork.Violet Gunn Posthoff is AssistantField Director for the American RedCross at the U. S. Naval Hospital inPortsmouth, Virginia.Jane Rasmussen, who teachesFrench at Wheaton Community HighSchool in Wheaton, Illinois, spent thesummer studying French and Spanishat the University of Colorado inBoulder.1941Hyman Ratner is with the Carnegie-Illinois Steel Company in Chicago.Samuel M. Strong, PhD, will lecture on Sociology this year at the University of Minnesota.On August 1, Alice Terwilliger assumed duties on the staff of the General Electric Company in Pittsfield,Massachusetts.Richard Abrams, PhD, has receivedan appointment as Instructor in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Chicago.Forrest M. Swisher, MD, who hasbeen interning at Denver General Hospital, will become resident physician inOrthopedics at Carrie Tingley Hospitalfor Crippled Children in Hot Springs,New Mexico, on January 1, 1942.SOCIAL SERVICEMarie Irelan Armstrong, AM '34,is now located in Oakland, California,where she works for the Family Service Bureau.Robert Beasley, AM '33, has left theRegional office of the Social SecurityBoard in San Francisco to become thetechnical director of the Bureau of Public Assistance of the Social SecurityBoard in Hawaii.Margaret Creech, PhD '35, formerly on the faculty of the University,has become Director of the Departmentof Improvement and Studies of NewYork City's National Travelers AidAssociation.Charlotte Donnell, AM '30, hasbeen appointed a field representative forthe Los Angeles County Department ofPublic Welfare.Richard Eddy, AM '34, Instructorin Child Welfare at the University isthe new assistant managing officer atthe State Training School for Boys inSt. Charles, Illinois.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEOPTICIANSNELSON OPTICAL CO.1138 East63 rd StreetHyde Park5352Dr. Nels R. Nelson, OptometristPAINTERSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzie 3 1 86E. STEWART FEIGHINC.PAINTING — DECORATING5559 TelephoneCottage Grove Ave. Midway 4404RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING & DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMonroe 3192PHOTOGRAPHERMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMNIPLASTERINGHOWARD F. NOLANPLASTERING, BRICKCEMENT WORKREPAIRING A SPECIALTY5341 S. Lake Park Ave.Telephone Dorchester 1579PRINTERSCLARKE-McELROYPUBLISHING CO.6140 Cottage Grove AvenueMidway 3935"Good Printing of All Descriptions" Maria Yolanda Ferro, AM '39, ofSalt Lake City, Utah, is associated withthe local State Health Department as amedical social worker.Margaret Hatch, AM '32, has accepted a position as case worker withthe Methodist Children's Home Societyin Detroit.Donald Howard, PhD '41, does research for the Russell Sage Foundationin New York City.Henry Lanpher, PhD '41, directsthe Richmond School of Social Workat the College of William and Mary.Adelia Smith, AM '33, does casework for the Edwin Gould Fund inNew York City.The City-County Hospital in Dallas,Texas, has recently appointed EdnaBelle Spencer, AM '32, director of itsmedical social work.Haseltine Byrd Taylor, PhD '35, ison the staff of the Department of SocialWelfare at the University of Californiain Berkeley this year.Lois Utterback, AM '39, now supervises the Travelers' Aid Society in Chicago.IN THE SERVICEJames T. Allen, AM '29, wasamong those "selected" and is now atCamp Stewart, Georgia.John P.. Barden, JD '38, famousMaroon editor, serves in the 101st Cavalry at Fort Devens, Massachusetts.Daniel B. Blake, '36, JD '37, is stationed at Schofleld Barracks in Hawaii.Joseph W. Broockhart, '40, is atthe Army Basic Flying School in Macon, Georgia.Richard E. Fleming, '36, is in the96th Coast Artillery A. A., Battery F.,Camp Davis, North Carolina.Harry C. Heald, '20, a major, isnow stationed at Fort Leonard Wood,Missouri.Charles C. Hillman, MD Rush '11,a colonel in the medical corps is locatedin the Office of the Surgeon General, U.S. Army, Washington, D. C.A recent addition to the 8th FieldArtillery of Fort Sill, Oklahoma, wasCharles Leroy Howe, '34.Martin. D. Miller, 39, is now a firstsergeant in Service Battery 2 Bn., 124thField Artillery, Camp Forrest, Tennessee.Ivan A. Munk, MD '36, is a firstlieutenant in the Medical Corps, stationed at Camp Haan, California.Leal Wiley Reese, JD '19, a lieutenant colonel in the Field Artillery, islocated at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.Tohn Drew Ridge, '30, SM '32, PhD'35, is a first lieutenant in the 62nd Engineer Company at Fort Meade, Mary-'land.Robert Lee Shapiro, '31, JD '33, isa first lieutenant in the Field Artilleryat Camp Leonard Wood, Missouri.Robert L. Stern, '29, MD '34, hasbeen called from his medical practice in Los Angeles to army duty at StationHospital, Camp Callan, La Jolla, California.Elmer A. Vorisek, '21, MD '23, is alieutenant in the Medical Reserve Corps,stationed at Towson General Hospitalin Atlanta, Georgia.Robert Warner, MD '39, is. a firstlieutenant in the Medical Detachment ofthe 149th Infantry, Camp Shelby, Mississippi.BORNTo Armand Bollaert, '29 and Mrs.Bollaert, a son, Andreas Noel, last December 18, in Kankakee, Illinois.To Frank Cleveland, '32, and Mrs.Cleveland (Anne Stack '30), a daughter, on August 11, in Chicago.To Edward Frankel, '22, and Mrs.Frankel, of Des Moines, Iowa, a son,Edward Nathan, on August 6.To H. E. Hayward, SM '25, PhD'28, and Mrs. Hayward (Jean Port,'33), a son, William Standish, onMay 29.To James C. Hill, former Instructorof Economics in the College and Mrs.Hill (Ruth Mary Lewis, AM '40) ason, Albert Lewis, on November 5,1940.To Richard E. Knudson '36, andMrs. Knudson (Carol Kinney '34,AM '35), a son, Richard Allen, in Chicago, last March.To Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. McKeon, (Muriel Thirer McKeon, '37)a daughter, Nora Catherine, on August8, in Chicago.To Mr. and Mrs. Ignace Gelb (Hester Mokstad/'33), a son, Walter Alexander, on September 14, in Chicago.To Mr. and Mrs. Jay Nelson (Genevieve Monson, '38), a son, Jay Scott,on September 5, in Chicago.To Charles R. Morris, '26, and Mrs.Morris, of Milton, Massachusetts, adaughter, Christina, on June 19, in Boston.To Gordon C. Pratt, MD '38, andMrs. Pratt, a daughter, Alison, inSpringfield, Massachusetts, in August,1940.To Paul E. Ross, '32, MD '37, andMrs. Ross, a son, Paul O., on June 21.To Robert S. Shane, '30, PhD '33,and Mrs. Shane, a daughter, on July 25,in Chicago.To Kenneth M. Smith, MD '37,and Mrs. Smith (Dorothy Norton,'35), of Columbus, Ohio, a son, DuncanBruce, on February 11.To Asahel D. Woodruff, PhD '41,and Mrs. Woodruff, a daughter, Carolyn in March.To Mr. and Mrs. Curran de Bruler(Marion Woolsey, '27), a daughter,Eugenie Marie, last January 17.ENGAGEDJane Elizabeth Bureau, '41, toJohn Robert Russell, '41, of Chicago.Dorothy Jean Dieckmann, '40, toTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27RESIDENTIAL HOTELSBLACKSTONEHALLanExclusive Women's Hotelin theUniversity of Chicago DistrictOffering Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALL5748 TelephoneBlackstone Ave. Plaza 3313Verna P. Werner, DirectorRESTAURANTSThe Best Place to Eat on the South SideCOLONIAL RESTAURANT6324 Woodlawn Ave.Phone Hyde Park 6324ROOFERSESTABLISHED 1908GROVEROOFINGFAirfax5206til LLI LAND6644 COTTAGE GROVE Av7ROOFING and INSULATINGRUGSAshjian Bros., inc.ESTABLISHED 1921Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED8066 South Chicago Phone Regent 6000COMMERCIAL SCHOOLSINTENSIVE1 STENOGRAPHIC COURSEfor College People OnlySuperior training for practical, personal use or profitable employment. Course gives you dictation speed of100 words a minute in 100 days. Classes beginJanuary, April, July and October. Enroll Now.Write or phone for bulletin.BRYANT & STRATTON College18 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago Tel: RAN. 1575MacCormac School ofCommerceBusiness AdminDAY ANDAccredited by thecredited Commercial1170 E. 63rd St. 'stration and SecretarialTrainingEVENING CLASSESNational Association of Ac-Schools.H. P. 2130 Robert G. Reynolds, '40, of Chicago.Esther Jacobs of Chicago to MartinD. Miller, '39.Elizabeth Davis, of Wheeling, WestVirginia, to Arnold T. Phillips, '38, alieutenant in the Air Corps.MARRIEDElizabeth Austin, '40, to ThomasW\ Winternitz, in Bloomington, Wisconsin, on July 19. At home, 8007Edgewater Road, North Riverside, Illinois.R. E. Bowers, '35, Instructor of English at Wayland Academy, Beaver Dam,Wisconsin, to Cora Elizabeth Greeneon June 19.Catherine Brown, '35, to JohnMichael Zikmund, on August 16, inLake Geneva, Wisconsin. At home 5841Blackstone Avenue, Chicago.Librada Del Castillo, AM '41, toAnastasio Luis on the day she finishedher Master's exams last June. Theyare making their home in the Philippines.Dorothy Chalmers, '39, to GeorgeAlan Works, Jr., '40, on July 5, inThorndike Hilton Chapel on the quadrangles.Virginia Clark, '37, to RichardHazelton Abbott, of Cleveland, Ohio, onSeptember 6, in Freeport, Illinois.Kathryn Elizabeth Coolman, '39,to James R. Henderson, Jr., '39, onAugust 8, in Santa Barbara, California.Genevieve L. Henderson to Loli R.Cortesi, '33, 'MD '37, on June 14. Athome at 5536 West 63rd Street, Chicago.Mary Louise Burgess, daughter ofKenneth F. Burgess, President of theBoard of Trustees of NorthwesternUniversity, to James E. Day, '35, onJuly 2.Charlesa Barrow to Robert B. Deem,'36, on June 30. At home, 233 Blooming Dale Road, Wayne, Pennsylvania.Nina Elizabeth Detwiler, '38, toH. H. Saar, on May 30. At home, 743North Central Avenue, Chicago.Hazel Jane Hoist to Hubert J. Dyer,'39, SM '40, on May 10. At home, 5551Kimbark Avenue, Chicago.Lolita Linn Evans, '24, to JanTangdelius, on June 27, in Lakeside,Michigan. At home, 3010 South Michigan Avenue, South Bend, Indiana.Mildred LaVerne Fetchark, '33, toCharles E. Anderson, on August 2, inThorndike Hilton Chapel on the quadrangles. At home, 2915 Diversey Avenue, Chicago.Florence Frank to Morton Z. Fine-man, '37, PhD '41, in Chicago, on June29. At home, 6020 Drexel Avenue,Chicago.Bernice M. Greengard, '35, to Dr.Francis F. Rosenbaum on April 22. Athome, 208 North Division Street, AnnArbor, Michigan.Sara E. Gwin, '35, to Edwin L.Ramsey, Jr„ '35, on June 28. At home1351 East 53rd Street, Chicago. SCHOOL— SHORTHANDYour whole life throughShorthand will be useful to you.For more particulars call, write,or telephone.THE GREGG COLLEGE6 North Michigan Avenue, ChicagoState 1881SHEET METAL WORKSECONOMY SHEET METAL WORKS•Galvanized Iron and Copper CornicesSkylights, Gutters, Down SpoutsTile, Slate and Asbestos Roofing1927 MELROSE STREETBuckingham 1893STOCKS— BONDS— COMMODITIESP. H. Davis, 'II. H. 1 Markham, 'Ex. '06R. W Davis, "16 F. B. Evans, 'IIPaul H. Davis & Co ¦MembersNew York Stock ExchangeChicago Stock ExchangeChicago Board of Trade10 So. La Salle St. Franklin B622TEACHERS' AGENCIESAMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. JACKSON BOULEVARDCHICAGOA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college field.It is affliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.Albert Teachers' Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 1885. Placement Bureau formen and women in all kinds of teachingpositions. Large and alert College andState Teachers* College departments forDoctors and Masters; forty per cent of ourbusiness. Critic and Grade Supervisors forNormal Schools placed every year in largenumbers; excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics, Business Administration, Music, and Art, secure finepositions through us every year. PrivateSchools in all parts of the country amongour best patrons; good salaries. Well prepared High School teachers wanted for cityand suburban High Schools. Special manager handles Grade and Critic work. Sendfor folder today.CLARK-BREWERTeachers Agency57th YearNationwide ServiceFive Offices— One FeeCHICAGO, MINNEAPOLISKANSAS CITY, MO. SPOKANENEW YORKTHE U N I V E R SITY O F CHICAG O M A G A Z I N ETEACHERS' AGENCIESHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD.'telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, ISLMember National Associationof Teachers AgenciesGenerally recognized as one of the leading TeachersAgencies of the United States.UNDERTAKERSBOYDSTON BROS.5 INCUNDERTAKERSSince 18924227-29-3 S Collage Grove Ave,All Phones OAKIand 0492WEHETtUff BLIMPSPHONE CENTRAL 4516Flexible steel slats orseasoned basswoodtwo-tone tapes or solid ~~ M VUt Acolors. Any size blinds. m il«Per square foot Alter 5 P. M. Plaza 369828'VENTILATINGHAIR REMOVED FOREVERBEFORE20 Years' ExperienceFREE CONSULTATIONLOTTIE A. METCALFEELECTROLYSIS EXPERTGraduate NurseMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused. Permanent removal of Hair fromFace, Eyebrows, Back of Neck or anvpart of Body; destroys 200 to 600 HairRoots per hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Member American Assn. Medical Hydrology andPhysical Therapy, Also Electrologists Associationoj Illinois$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705, Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.Perfect Loveliness Is Wealth in BeautyQUEENS VENETIAN BLINDThe Haines CompanyVentilating and Air ConditioningContractors1929-1937 West Lake St.Phones Seeley 2765-2766-2767 Jane Elizabeth Crugar to Edward L.Haenisch, '30, PhD '35, on June 14, inEvanston. At home, 1047 Rees Avenue, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania.Gordon Henry, JD '41, to AileenWilson, '38, on Monday, August 25, inChicago.Martha Field to Donal Kerr Hol-way, '37, on August 9, in Barrington,Rhode Island.Evelyn Kipnis to LeRoy R. Krein,y33, JD '35, on May 22. At home 2327West Farwell Avenue, Chicago.Beverly Browning to Stanley W.Lang, '34, on May '2. At home, 5220Kenwood Avenue, Chicago.Mary Jane Bickel to Oscar Lanphar,Jr., '37, AM '40, on July 21. At home,611 South English Avenue, Springfield,Illinois.Atelle Lichtenberger, '29, to Duncan Chisholm of Toronto, on June 28.At home at 71 Englewood Drive, Toronto, Canada.Maurine Derby Powell, AM '41, toT. William Lester, Jr., '38, MD '41,on June 21. At home 1126 WebsterAvenue, New Orleans.Lois Lind to C. Roger Sandberg, SM'40, on June 28. At home 5647 SouthMozart Street, Chicago.Rebecca Scott, '40, to Edward Jenner Whiteley, MD '40, on June 21, inChicago, where they were attended by aminister, organist, ushers and bridesmaids all of whom were University ofChicago graduates. At home, San LuisObispo, California.Catherine C. Hiller to Evon Z. VogtII, '41, on September 4, in Salina, Kansas.Janet K. Wright to Stoddard J.Small, '32, a navy officer on the staffof the Navy Supply Corps School atHarvard University, on May 24.Virginia Watson, ''38, 'AM '41, toBen Ernest Kovacs, on September 6, inStevens Point, Wisconsin.Elise C. Young, '40, to John J.Carlson, '40, on July 2, in Chicago.Margaret Leone Haskett to PeterZimmer, '34, on September 10, in LaGrange, Illinois.Corrinne Zitenfield, '39, to Arthur B. Saclis, '36, JD '38, on June 15.At home, 5230 Blackstone Avenue, Chicago.DIEDWard Woodbridge, MD Rush '81,last February 4, in Pamona, California.Solomon Eisenstaedt, MD Rush'90, on last February 20, in Chicago.wmwmwm^Kmwm&^mwmwmzsTmmxEH^IAVERISINCE 190 6+ WORK DON E BY ALL PR OCESSES ¦>;.;¦¦+ ESTi Mates gladly fur n i s h ed ?+ ANY PUBLISHER OUR REFERENCE +3R&YN£Rr• DALHEIM &CO John Henry Fenelon, MD Rush'90, of Bloomington, Illinois, on March3 of this year.Daniel Seymour McArthur, MDRush '84, formerly secretary of the La-Crosse Medical Society, on last January3, in La Crosse, Wisconsin.Joseph I. Dalamore, MD Rush '93,on July 27, at his home in Galena, Illinois.James Westfall Thompson, PhD'95, well known educator and authorwho was for forty years a member ofthe Faculty of the University of Chicago, on September 30, in Berkeley,California.Jesse M. Yonan, MD Rush '95, onMarch 13, in Chicago.Lucien Smith, MD Rush '99, onMarch 12, in Chapin, Illinois.William N. Logan, PhD '00, formerProfessor of Economic Geology at Indiana University, on August 27, at theage of seventy-one.Charles James Whalen, MD Rush'01, formerly Associate Professor ofMedicine at Rush Medical College, onApril 7, of lymphatic leukemia.Walter Wr. Hamburger, '03, SM '04,MD '06, on June 27.Freda von Unwerth, '03, in NewYork on June 12.Mrs. F. M. Surrey (Nancy M. Miller, '04), on March 16, in a New YorkCity hospital.Mrs. Angus B. Inkster (Maud E.Barkenbus, '05), last Decembe 16, inHot Springs, Montana.William Martin Hunt, '06, onJuly 26.Albert W. McCollough, JD '11, onMay 14, in Laramie, Wyoming, following a heart attack.Ira Davenport, President of theClass of 1912, and one of Chicago's immortal athletes, in Dubuque, Iowa, onJuly 17.Thomas Leo O'Hern, '12, last March31, in Peoria, Illinois.Esther Moran, T5, on April 17, inAncker Hospital, St. Paul, Minnesota.Carl H. Griffey, AM '16, in Muncie, Indiana, on July 3, from a strokesuffered while motoring.Vina Knowles, T6, on July 19, inDetroit, Michigan, after a year's illness.Ernest B. Keith, PhD, '24, Professor of Chemistry at Kansas State College, on August 7, in Manhattan, Kansas.Malcolm D. Lane, '24, on AugustS, in Chicago.Newman F. Baker, JSD '26, on August 5.Charles S. Phillips, '31, of Chicago, was drowned on September 5,while vacationing in Wisconsin.Rayburn C. Austin, MD '32, Instructor in Anatomy at Indiana University, on August 25, in an auto accident.Regina Fuhrer, '33, of Indianapolis,Indiana, on August 18, in an accident.Ida Mae Lintner, '39, on February9, in Joliet, Illinois.Edward T. Valorz, '39, when thearmy bomber of which he was ChiefPilot, crashed near Seattle on September 9. Lie is the first of our enlistedmen to meet death.