*& 1940THE UNIVERSITY OFCH ICAGO MAGAZI N EOCTOBER 19 4 0In September, 1941, the University of Chicago willcelebrate its Fiftieth AnniversaryThe Press has been a part of the University from the beginning. It is the voice ofthe University, without which the words and the works of scholars could not beheard and disseminated for the advancement of the knowledge of the world. Inits first fifty years the Press has published almost 3,000 titles, and is currentlypublishing eighteen scholarly journals. First to be established was the Journalof Political Economy in December, 1892; last to be acquired was the Journal of Infectious Diseases •, whose publication was taken over in January, 1941. The 18journals published by the University of Chicago Press are:In the humanities and the social sciencesThe Journal of Political Economy. Founded1892. Edited by Jacob Viner and Frank H.Knight. Bi-monthly, $5.00The Library Quarterly. Founded in 1931 . Editedby William M. Randall. Quarterly, $5.00 a yearThe Social Service Review. Founded in 1927.Edited by Edith Abbott, Sophonisba P. Breckinridge, Wayne McMillen, Helen R.Wright. Quarterly, $4.00 a yearThe Journal of Modern History. Founded in1929. Edited by Bernadotte E. Schmitt andLouis Gottschalk. Quarterly, $4.50 a yearThe American Journal of Sociology. Founded in1895. Edited by Herbert Blumer. Bi-monthly,$5.00 a yearThe University of Chicago Law Review.Founded in 1933. Edited by The University ofChicago Law School. Quarterly, $2.00 a year Ethics. An International Journal of Social, Political, and Legal Philosophy. Founded in 1890.Published by the University of Chicago Press since1923. Edited by T. V. Smith and Charner M.Perry. Quarterly, $4.00 a yearModern Philology. Founded in 1903. Edited byRonald S. Crane. Quarterly, $5.00 a yearThe American Journal of Semitic Languagesand Literatures. Founded in 1895 (continuingHebraica, established 1884). Edited by George G.Cameron. Quarterly, $5.00 a yearThe Journal of Business of the University ofChicago. Founded in 1929. Edited by Edward A,Duddy and Martin J. Freeman. Quarterly,$4.00 a year.The Journal of Religion. Founded in 1928. Edited by John Knox. Quarterly, $4.00 a yearClassical Philology. Founded in 1906. Edited byJakob A. O. Larsen. Quarterly, $4.00 a year.In the physical and biological sciencesThe Botanical Gazette. Founded in 1875. Published by the University of Chicago Press since 1896.Edited by E. J. Kraus. Quarterly, $8.00The Astrophysical Journal. Founded in 1895.Edited by Paul W. Merrill, Harlow Shap-ley, and Otto Struve. Bi-monthly, $10.00 a yearThe Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics.Founded in 1939. Edited by Nicolas Rashevsky.Quarterly, $2.50 a year The Journal of Geology. Founded in 1893. Editedby Rollin T. Chamberlin. Semi-quarterly, $6.00a yearPhysiological Zoology. Founded in 1928. Editedby Warder C. Allee. Quarterly, $7.50 a yearThe Journal of Infectious Diseases. Founded in1904. Published by the University of Chicago Press,beginning 1941. Edited by William H. Taliaferro. Bi-monthly, $5.00 a yearNote: Subscription prices are slightly higher to Canada and foreign countries.As its contribution toward the University's FiftiethAnniversary the Press will issue in September of thisyear a Dictionary Catalogue of every title — both inprint and out of print — published. Copies of thiscatalogue will be available to scholars.>jI^HiNFG^Tjhe Qmuersita of Qhtcago Btess^a::y% THE ALUMNI COUNCIL*LIBRARIES i KJC^_.{._^CAGO, ^ ; ofTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOChairman, JOHN NUVEEN, JR., '18Secretary and Editor, CHARLTON T. BECK, '04The Council for 1940-41 is composed of the following delegates:From the College Association: Josephine T. Allin, '99; Arthur C. Cody, '24; Charles C.Greene, '19, JD'21 ; Olive Greensfelder, '16; Huntington Henry, '06; Frances HendersonHiggins, '20; J. Kenneth Laird, '25; Frank J. Madden, '20, JD'22; Herbert I. Markham,'05; Robert T. McKinlay, '29, JD'32; Frank McNair, '03; Helen Norris, '07; John Nuveen,Jr., '18; Keith I. Parsons, '33; JD'37; Elizabeth Sayler, '35; Katharine Slaught, '09: Clifton Utley, '26; Helen Wells. '24.From the Doctors of Philosophy Association: Leon P. Smith, AM'28, PhD'30; Eleanor Conway, PhD'36; Paul R. Cannon, PhD'24.From the Divinity Association: Charles L. Calkins, AM'22; Laird T. Hites, AM'16, DB'17,PhD'25; Sylvester Jones, DB'07.From the Law School Association: Charles F. McElroy, AM'06, JD'15; Charles P. Schwartz,'08, JD'09; Sidney S. Gorham, Jr., '28, JD'30.From the Education Association: Harold A. Anderson, '2*4, AM'26; Paul M. Cook, AM'27;Robert C. Woellner, AM'24.From the School of Business Association: George W. Benjamin, '35; Louise Forsyth, '30;Neil F. Sammons, '17.From the School of Social Service Administration: Anna Sexton Mitchell, AM'30; MarionSchafTner, '11; Richard Eddy, AM'34.From the Rush Medical College Association: C. J. Lundy, '24, MD'27; William A. Thomas,'12, MD'16; R. W. Watkins, MD'25.From the Association of the School of Medicine in the Division of the BiologicalSciences: Alf T. Haerem, MD'37; John Van Prohaska, '28, MD'34; B. G. Sarnat, '33,MD'37.From the Chicago Alumnae Club: Mrs. Jasper S. King, '18; Mrs. George Simpson, '18;Damaris Ames Schmitt '22.From the Chicago Alumni Club: John J. Schommer, '09; Wrisley B. Oleson, '18; John William Chapman, '15, JD'17.From the University: John F. Moulds, '07.Alumni Associations Represented hi the Alumni CouncilThe College Alumni Association: President, John Nuveen, Jr., '18; Secretary, Charlton T.Beck, '04, University of Chicago.Doctors of Philosophy Association: President, Fred J. Rippy; Secretary, Eleanor Conway,PhD'36, Department of Anatomy, University of Chicago.Divinity School Association: President, William T. Seitz, '33; Secretary, Charles T. Holman,DB'16, University of Chicago.Law School Association: President, George M. Morris, JD'15; Secretary, Charles F. McElroy, AM'06, JD'15, 29 S. LaSalle Street, Chicago.School of Education Association: President, Aaron J. Brumbaugh, PhD'29; Secretary, Le-nore John, AM'27, 6009 Kimbark Avenue, Chicago.School of Business Association: President, John Cornyn, AM'36; Secretary, Sarah Hicks, '36,6656 Stewart Ave., Chicago.Rush Medical College Association: President, Frederick B. Moorehead, MD'06; Secretary, CarlO. Rinder, '11, MD'13, 122 S. Michigan Avenue, Chicago.School of Social Service Administration Association: President, Mrs. E. J. Lewis, '25,AM'37; Secretary, Alice Voiland, AM'36, 5654 Kenwood Avenue, Chicago.Association of the Medical School of the Division of Biological Sciences: President,Ormand Julian, '31, MD'37; Secretary, Gail Dack, PhD'27, MD'33.All communications should be sent to the Secretary of the proper Association or to the Alumni Council,Faculty Exchange, University of Chicago. The dues for membership in any one of the Associations namedabove, including subscription to The University of Chicago Magazine, are $2.00 per year. A holderof more than one Degree from the University of Chicago may be a member of more than one Association;in such instances the dues are divided and snared equally by the Association involved.THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCILREUBEN FRODIN, '33Associate EditorCHARLTON T. BECK, '04Editor and Business ManagerDAVID DAICHES; BERN LUNDY, '37; DON MORRIS, '36; RALPH W. NICHOLSON, '36Contributing EditorsTHIS MONTHTHE COVER: University ecessors'— that the University has Ralph W. Nicholson, '36, a contribut-Marshal Leon Smith, PhD '30, grown and prospered. ing editor to the Magazine, has beenPresident Hutchins, Board As the Magazine's contribution to in Mexico since July doing newspaperChairman Harold H. Swift, '07, and the political campaign : two articles by work and writing. He will write aDean of the Chapel Charles W. Gil- members of the faculty. One is "Why monthly letter. Helen Hiett, '34, iskey, leaving Rockefeller Memorial I'm for Willkie'' . and the other "Why broadcasting from Madrid for the Na-Chapel on Tuesday, October 8, when I'm for Roosevelt." The authors: tional Broadcasting Company. Atthe University celebrated the com- Raleigh W. Stone, PhD'19, Associate last report Miss Hiett was at Gibral-mencement of its Fiftieth Anniver- Professor of Industrial Relations in tar t^e- day "The Rock" was bombedsary Year with .a commemorative the Business School; and Jerome G. , French planes of the Vichy gov-chapel. Marching in the procession Kerwin, Associate s Prrf^sor of-PoKj- emment Qne of her broadcasts fromwere the University marshals, the ical Science. The Editor and the _ . ., . . ~ • ,faculty, the Alumni Council, citizen Associate Editor each conducted a .' , ,. ,. r . A • •r . i a • r- 1 t. a il ? ? n ,1 • - i . . • moves m the direction or the Axis issponsors of the Anniversary Celebra- gallop poll this summer, but since .tion, trustees of the University and the scientific "pollsters" have the Prmted on Page 15*the President. Mr. Hutchins' notable field, we are not going to enter it. $address is printed on page 5; details aof the chapel service are in News of « We are pleased to announce thatthe Quadrangles. Two of the University's many cor- beginning with this issue DavidThe photograph is by Paul Wag- . respondents in foreign fields are rep- Daiches, Instructor of English at thener, '38. resented on this month's pages. University will write a monthly col-^ umn for the Magazine entitled — "Notes for a Dilettante." Mr.President Hutchins' speech, we TABLE OF CONTENTS Daiches, who is the author of Thebelieve, is an important one. He con- OCTOBER 1940 Novel and the Modern Wor\d> hastinues the theme he touched on in his Page been given free rem in the literaryJune convocation address, printed in L™s r - 2 field Another regular feature be-,i T ,«¦ . ¦ / . ¦ Beginning the 5Cth Year, Robert M. ginning next month, will be a columnthe June Magazxne. The Umvers.ty Hutchin, .....: 5 ^ military affairs by Hugh Cole, In-of Chicago, he says, is a symbol — Then and Now, John F. Moulds 7 structor of Historyand as such "its importance is Trustees of the University . 8greater than at any time in its his- Why I'm for Willkie, Raleigh W. #, „ . Stone 1- *0ry* Why I'm for Roosevelt, Jerome G. Stephen S. Visher, '09, PhD'15, is• Kermn 33 professor of Geography and Geology¦Mexicais r Letter, Ralph W^ Nicholson, li at Indiana University. Hisremin-On the pages following the Presi- Madrid Speaking, Helen Hiett 15 iscent ^d «After TWr Ye „dent'Q pddiwc *tf> th* hmcrranhiVc NOTES FOR A DILETTANTE, Davtd Dllches 1<5 , '. . ' j7dents address are the biographies Aftrr ^^ Y ^ s won honorable mention m last year sand portraits of the thirty-two men visher 18 manuscript contest. Another featurewho comprise the Board of Trustees Advisers— Everywhere, Barbara Cook this month is an article by Barbaraof the University. As John Moulds, Dunbar 20 q^ Dunbar, '32, describing the his-'07, -Secretary of the Board, points N|^^ tory and workings of that uniqueout, it is due to their continued in- Athletics,' Don ''Morris. ^ '..'.' .'.'.* .''.'.'.*.'.' 25 alumni organization, the Regionalterest and support— like their pred- News of the Classes . . . . ' '. . . . '. '. . ". *. '. *. 30 Advisers.Published by the Alumni Council of the University of Chicago monthly, from October to June. Office of Publication, 403 Cobb Hall, 58th St. atElhs Avenue, Chicago. Annual subscription price $2.00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1, 1934, at the PostOffice at Chicago, Illinois, under the act of March 3, 1879. The Graduate Group, Inc., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the official advertising agency of the University of Chicago Magazine.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPrecious Today —Priceless Tomorrow !•mOpportunityNo. 410CaptureThese Priceless MomentsWITH THEPALM-SIZE 'JjfoO'O*$4950 / -rtiwtti$10 DownMakes Movies atSnapshot Cost£THE time will come when movies of babydays will be priceless. And the only time tocapture these scenes — in color, in action — isnow! Time flies. Youngsters grow up quickly.So start your movie album now with a palm-size Filmo ... so easy ... so inexpensive. Filmalmost drops into place in Filmo 8— no threading of film over sprockets. Then press thebutton — and what you see, you get, in black-and-white or full, natural color, even in slow motion.Precision-built by the makers of Holly wood'sprofessional equipment, with four speeds, device for animating cartoons, and provision foraccessories, Filmo 8 is a basic camera that willmeet your present and future needs. See yourcamera dealer. He knows Filmos. Bell & HowellCompany, Chicago; New York; Hollywood;London. Established 1907.Newl Now being displayed by your dealer• • . Filmo Auto Load 16 mm. Motion PictureCameras from $1 15. (Other models to $1 155.)* " ' [^&?FREE MOVIE BOOKLET 'BELL & HOWELL COMPANY1839 Larchmont Ave., Chicago, 111. P^uM«iJSend free, 16-page booklet telling all It3b* ' S9iabout Filmo 8 mm. Cameras and Pro- L~ _ ' ^jectors.Name Address .City State GG 10-40 LETTERSCHAPTER COMPLETED[Last May we printed in the Magazine a letter from Miss FrancesChristeson, '23, Reference Librarian atthe University of Southern California,which read as follows: "Anyone knowing where to find out how much a camelcost 2,000 years ago, please write."We will never divulge whether thissmall item was printed to fill up a column, or whether, knowing the caliberof our reading audience, we were running a "test" to demonstrate that national advertisers could not afford topass up the Magazine. At any rate,results surpassed expectations (but therehas been no increase in advertising yet).First notice of the item was in an Eastern contemporary of ours, the NewYorker. An item in Romeyn Berry's"Talk of the Town" read as follows:["We were quite encouraged aboutthe ability of American youth to copewith practically anything when we cameon another educational item, this timeabout Miss Frances Christeson, Reference Librarian at the University ofSouthern California, who recently addressed a rather frantic note to theUniversity of Chicago Magazine :"Anyone knowing where . . . [etc.]."In view of this document, we have revised our opinion slightly. The children are prepared to demolish empires ;their instructors can't even deal withcamels."[Of course, the editors on the fourthfloor of Cobb Hall (which abounds withantiques of one sort or another) havealways had a suspicion that it was theCINEMA INDUSTRY, and not a student, which wanted the information inLos Angeles; nevertheless, the NewYorker article pulled the Alumni Secretary out of a deep hole in June andgave him something to talk about at theAlumni Assembly.[Now, with summer over, and the empirical results revealed, we bring youanother communication from MissChristeson :]To the Editor :I certainly will know where to gofor help when we're in serious troublewith an obstinate reference question !Did you know how far-reaching, howwidely read your fine magazine is ? Weall were very much amused at the development in connection with your littleSOS in the May issue, and I send alongthese documents for your entertainment.We did appreciate the trouble taken bythe University of Michigan.A curious coincidence brought to thedesk not long afterwards a questionabout the cost of camels today, and wehave now thoroughly covered that too. So thanks to you, the New Yorker, theUniversity of Michigan, and the University of Redlands, we are equippedto handle anything about camels.Sincerely,Frances Christenson, '23.Los Angeles[Enclosed were several newspaperclippings, and a fine letter from a librarian at Michigan, containing all of theinformation needed by Miss Christeson.[Oh yes, a camel 2,000 years agoprobably cost between 250 to 800 drachmas, depending on the age and conditionof the animal. The price was aboutthree times as much as that paid for adonkey; the price might be more thanpaid for an inferior slave. — Ed.~\RED-BLOODED ALUMNAE (SIC!)To the Editor:I dare you to re-print this article inthe Alumnae [sic] Magazine. It certainly expresses the feelings of manyred-blooded alumnae [sic].What are you doing with your Saturday afternoons ? Going to see N. W.like the rest of us?Regards,Frank S. Whiting, '16.Mansfield, Ohio[The enclosed article, from the Cleveland Plain Dealer, is reprinted below.On Saturday afternoons, we go to amateur football games on Stagg Field, andon Sundays, with no prejudice againstprofessional proficiency, we go to seethe Bears and the Cardinals. — Ed.]"In the 'hardening up' process thatgoes with rousing the country to national defense and possible war, themuch maligned game of football mayfind more favor in the public and officialeye than has been the case for manyyears."Whatever its faults, football is arough and tumble game that acquaintsyoung men with realities, and no oneever has denied that football playersmake good soldiers, sailors and airpilots."There has been no rush to followin the wake of Dr. Robert M. Hutchins,president of the University of Chicago,and valiant crusader against all the'evils' of commercialism that go withfootball on its present basis."Hutchins scored a sweeping victorylast December when Chicago's boardof trustees voted to discontinue intercollegiate football, but if this was supposed to touch off a national revolutionin football administration, it was a complete fizzle."The Western Conference, far fromadmitting any mistakes in its handlingof football, treated Chicago's actioncoolly, and even obliged the outspokenDr. Hutchins to clarify the meaning ofsome of his remarks about the Big Ten."The conference, now the Big Nine,moves ahead without Chicago, and theTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 3public attitude seems to be one of goodriddance. The years to come will showwhether or not Chicago was right indestroying something that for nearlyhalf a century had been an importantpart of university life."Antagonism toward football springsfrom exactly the same philosophy thatbreeds pacifism — a radical idealism thatdeclines to recognize facts, a desire toavoid harsh contacts, and a refusal toplay the game according to realisticrules and standards of conduct acceptedby opponents."[IVe humbly suggest that the wiseman from Cleveland read Rule 6, Section 4 of the Western Conference rulesbefore he comes again with the guffabout "realistic rules and standards ofconduct accepted by opponents." Andnow, before stopping, may we call yourattention to the following editorial inthe St. Louis Post-Dispatch :]"Stepping into his No. 1 role, that offootball expert, our versatile JimmyConzelman [coach at Washington University, St. Louis] rises to report thatthe University of Wyoming is about tobuild a dormitory that will house itsfootball players — without charge, ofcourse. The football business has beenbad at Wyoming, but it is hoped thata new dormitory will mean a betterteam, and a better team is expected toproduce better gate receipts with whichto pay for this housing project."The bond peddlers, who have underwritten stadia at St. Mary's in California, at Iowa and at other schools, couldhave told the Cowboys — the university'sextra-curricular name — that this is adubious investment. . . ."The situation grows worse as onemoves westward. In the Big Tenregion, the boom that Rockne createdhas collapsed completely. It is largelythe fault of the academic sports promoters. They placed such emphasis onchampions, undefeated teams and RoseBowl invitations that the Saturday customers fade away just as soon as theboys lose a 7-6 game or even play a tie.After all, they can see pros perform- inbetter style on Sunday. So the 'bigtime' schools find themselves chasingone another, just like Little BlackSambo's tigers — the greedy tigers whoran so hard that they melted down toa pool of yellow butter. Unfortunately,butter does not pay the coach's salaryor the interest on the stadium mortgage."Meanwhile, there's a new coat ofpaint on the score board at Stagg Field.And there is talk that the University ofChicago may go back to football whenthe business again becomes a game forboys." ere Perpetual Post-Graduate Students...and Proud of It!lCordovan Brogue, *175We're students of shoes . . . always thinking about them, working on them, improving them. Then we transform thoughtsinto action and dreams into fact. The result is that we make thefinest shoes in America, for quality-conscious men who appreciate style that is built in — not added on as an afterthought.FIFTH AVENUE • 47th-48th Streets • NEW YORK225 OLIVER AVENUE— PITTSBURGH, PA. • 112 WEST ADAMS STREET, FIELD BUILDING— CHICAGO, ILL.TO HAVE ANDto HOLD IT'S only human to want toown things . . . and just as humanto want to keep them. But as youacquire material possessions . . .a home, furnishings, business,automobile, jewelry, furs, etc ... you are constantly facedwith the possibility of losing them by fire, explosion, embezzlement, accident and other hazards. The logical solution is insurance . . . thereis a policy available against practically every haz- HiSllliflard that threatens your financial welfare. Consult "^r^Slflrathe North America Agent in your vicinity. GEH3Insurance Company ofNorth AmericaPHILADELPHIAand its affiliated companieswrite practically every form of insurance except lifeTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAUTUMN ALUMNI ASSEMBLYA FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY YEAR FEATURESaturday, November 92:00 P.M. Inspection of the FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY EXHIBITS. Preliminary showingsof some of the following exhibits have been arranged for the day:Archaeology Cosmic Rays MedicineAstronomy Geology MicrophofographyAtomic Disintegration Lincolniana PoetryBibles Maps Physics MuseumChinese Art Medieval Art Reading Laboratory3:00 P. M. Autumn Session of the ALUMNI SCHOOL in Mandel Hall.AMERICA AND THE WARNATHANIEL PEFFER, MlSpecialist in Far Eastern Affairs•HILMAR BAUKHAGE, MlColumnist and Radio Commentator•BERNADOTTE SCHMITTProfessor of Modern History6:30 P.M. DINNER• Fraternity Men at Fraternity Houses• All Alumni and Alumnae in Coffee Shop• Regional Advisers at Judson Court8:30 P. M. Rollicking Revival of that Daring DRAMA of 1898The Deceitful Dean — With Appropriate Modernization! In Mandel HallReception during the Intermission in the Reynolds Club(Since alumni of the University neighborhood will have an opportunity to seethis Revival Friday night under the auspices of the Community Settlement,other alumni will be given preference in the distribution of tickets.)_»,„ THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEOCTOBER, 1940BEGINNING THE 50TH YEARAddress of the President NUMBER I[On Tuesday, October 8, 1940, at noon, the trusteesoj the University, members oj the faculty and the AlumniCouncil, students and friends of the University assembledin Rockefeller Memorial Chapel at a commemorativechapel service — similar to, but more significant than,services held annually at the commencement of eachacademic year. It was the beginning of the Universityof Chicago's Fiftieth Anniversary Year.The President of the University delivered the addressof the day. Other details of the program will be foundin News of the Quadrangles.]I AM happy to welcome you on this cheerful occasion.The devotion of the trustees, faculty, students,alumni, and friends of the University is the cause ofits greatness and the guarantee of its future. The trustees have worked tirelessly through two depressions andas many wars to establish the University on a firmfoundation. They have been proud to support a facultywith all of whose members they could not all agree allthe time, because their object as trustees has not beento propagate their own views but to foster the searchfor truth wherever it might lead. The excellence of thefaculty which Mr. Harper assembled has been maintained to the present day. The teachers and scholars ofthe University have deserved the support the trusteeshave given them. The students have through the yearsbeen men and women who came to profit by the unusualopportunities which the University offered, who- didprofit by them, and who seemed to enjoy themselvesdoing it. When they became alumni they showed anenlightened loyalty which gave the University a chanceto pioneer with the co-operation of its graduates ratherthan in opposition to them. To the representatives of thecommunity here today I offer the special thanks of theUniversity. The response of the citizens of Chicago toMr. Rockefeller's conditional pledge of $600,000 madethe University possible. The constant effort and interest of the citizens of Chicago brought it to eminence.Through good weather and bad, through trial and tribulation, through argument and controversy, the people ofChicago have remembered that the University belongedto them. Though it may sometimes have seemed afractious child, they have loved it none the less. Theyhave borne with its errors and applauded its successes.I am happy to have the chance to express the University'sgratitude today. • By ROBERT M. HUTCHINSNow, with the outlook more ominous than at anytime since the University was founded, this spontaneousexpression of the confidence of all of you must reassurethose who have questioned the prospects of universitieslike this one in the United States. We cannot now, aswe could at any time in the last three hundred years,dismiss the fears of doutbers as fantastic. There havebeen almost no doubters up to now. Education has beenthe American substitute for a national religion. Ourpeople have venerated the independent university as thecrowning glory of the educational system. But today,when this university is less than fifty years old, we mustask ourselves whether it is not already an anachronism.It rests on faith and hope, and presupposes a certaindegree of economic stability. When faith is shaken andhope is dimmed and economic life disordered, this university may seem like an ornament of an age that isgone. It may arouse a certain nostalgic admiration, likea ruined abbey. It is beautiful. It is charming. It oncehad a place in society. But what is its function in thepresent crisis?How trivial in the present crisis seem all the reasonsfor going to college, and hence for the existence of colleges, on which my generation was brought up : makingfriends, having a good time, getting plenty of fresh airand exercise, and advancing in the social or financialscale. I can even remember hearing from the presidentof a great university about the beneficient influence ofcollegiate gothic on the aesthetic sensibilities of theyoung. These slogans may have sufficed in the carefreetwenties. An institution dedicated to them would hardlybe justified in asking the world to pause in the midst ofthe present conflagration to notice that it was fifty yearsold.In fifty years great changes have swept over the educational system. Public institutions have multiplied andexpanded beyond Thomas Jefferson's wildest dreams. Inaddition to state universities we now have public juniorcolleges and state teachers' colleges flourishing all overthe country, and particularly this part of it. Withoutthe University of Chicago we have adequate facilitiesto house and train the young until they can obtain employment or join the army. We can be sure, too, thatthere will be no dearth of useful scientific investigations.In view of the increasing burden of taxes for public education and other purposes why should the people be6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcalled on to support, in addition, a superfluous institutionlike this?This university is a symbol. As such its importanceis greater than at any time in its history. Its fiftiethanniversary is of national and even international significance because it offers the opportunity of reminding ourfellow-citizens and the world of the enduring value ofthe ideals for which the University stands. The celebration of these ideas was never so necessary as now. Thelight they have shed since earliest antiquity is now extinguished in almost the whole of Europe. Though thiscountry is nominally committed to them, it has imperfectly understood them and may have difficulty in defending what it imperfectly understands. It has subordinatedthese ideals to other aims, such as material comfortwhich seemed to it more pressing. But even the mostardent apostles of material progress are faltering now;for the tremendous advances which this century has seenhave failed to bring with them that universal happinesswhich they were warranted to produce. Instead of looking, as we used to, toward a future made bigger andbrighter by constant accessions of material goods, we arenow wondering whether we can keep those we have won.With the rest of the world in flames and this countryconfused, bewildered, and disillusioned, we hold thiscelebration to raise a standard to which all honest andright-thinking men can repair, to which embattledhumanity can rally. It is the standard of freedom, truth,and justice. To the forces of brutality, chaos, and ignorance the University opposes the power of righteousness,order, and knowledge. Upon the triumph of that powerthe survival of western civilization depends.For fear that this should seem grandiose I hasten tosay that I do not claim that this university adequatelyfulfills its function as a symbol. I will only say that ithas always been conscious of its calling and within thelimits of human frailty has been true to it. Its foundersresisted the suggestion that it should be a conventionalcollege. They were determined to light a beacon in theMiddle West that should shine to the farthest corners ofthe earth. So the University has never yielded to thetemptation to become a trade school, or a country club,or a kindergarten, or a body-building institute, howeverpopular, and even lucrative, some such transformationmight have been. The University has tried to remain aplace for the training and exercise of the highest powersof man. It has tried to symbolize the eternal value anddignity of those powers.An ancient sage remarked that the state came intobeing for the sake of life, for mutual assistance and protection. It made mere living possible. But, he went on,the state continued in existence for the sake of the goodlife, to develop and perfect through common effort thenoblest abilities of all the citizens. We can see theanalogy in education. Education must exist for the sakeof mere life. Every citizen must be able to read, at leastenough to see Danger on a sign or Poison on a bottle.Every citizen must be able to count, or his difficulties inpaying his fare may seriously restrict his movements.Every citizen must discover somehow that some diseasesare contagious and that intimacy with a sufferer from smallpox is unwise. Every citizen must learn, in theeducational system or out of it, whatever he has to learnin order to earn a living, so that he will not starve todeath from sheer incompetence. These things are necessary for mere life. Even the modern dictator must seeto it that his subjects acquire this kind of education. Butas all the modern dictators have shown, they cannot tolerate a university like this. The reason is that a university like this is a symbol of the good life. A good life is alife directed to knowing the truth and doing justice. It isimpossible without freedom of action and freedom ofthought. Freedom, truth, and justice would be fatal tothe totalitarian state. They are the aspirations, as theyare the purpose, of democracy.Hence devotion to the ideals for which the Universitystands is the surest protection against the advance of thetotalitarian states or the transformation of this countryinto one. We must agree to large expenditures of theconcentration of national attention on the material meansof national defense. But we cannot be happy about it. Itis necessary, and that is all that can be said for it. Thosewho regard war or preparation for it as a splendid spiritual undertaking with elevating moral by-products mustbe extremely ignorant or extremely bored. Great as thecontribution of the universities to the present program ofnational defense will be, anxious as they are to co-operatein it, their most important service at this juncture isstanding for the things for which we are prepared tofight. To put all students at military training, to divertall professors from the search for truth to the search fortruths of immediate military utility is not good nationaldefense. Anything which prevents the universities fromfulfilling their symbolic function will weaken the nation,for it will diminish something of which we have not toogreat a supply, moral and intellectual strength.Moral and intellectual strength is much more importantto the United States than military strength. With ourvast resources and impregnable position we are unlikelyto be swallowed up even by a combination of three powerful enemies if we understand and believe and have thecourage to defend freedom, truth, and justice, the centralprinciples of democracy. This is the vital force of thenation.. And it is the hope of the rest of the world. Civilizationmust find a refuge in America. The abolition, except astraining schools, of the universities of totalitarian states ;the tendency of recent educational pronouncements inFrance; the dispersion and bombing of universities inEngland, mean that almost nowhere in the world, exceptin this country, can the standard of freedom, truth, andjustice be raised. Even if we enter the war, we can, in amodest way, keep the flag of civilization flying, for ourgeographical situation will preserve our universities fromthe fate of those of Great Britain. The American universities are the last resources of a world plunging tQ.destruction.To those who value freedom, truth and justice; tothose who are anxious for democracy; to those whomournfully watch the disintegration of all that Westernman has struggled for, this university offers a symbol offaith and hope, faith that right must prevail and hope fora better world.THEN AND NOWThe Trustees of the University• By JOHN F. MOULDS, '07ABOUT seven years ago in the Magazine, I presented to the alumni of the University shortbiographical sketches of their trustees. Therewere ten alumni on the Board there; now there arethirteen. A few other changes have been made in themembership, but the group is in one respect the same.Its loyalty to the University, its intelligence and couragein facing the problems of a troubled world — these are thefeatures which have characterized the Board ever sincethat first group of "pioneers" met on July 9, 1890.It seems highly worthwhile, as the University beginsits fiftieth year, to look back at that first Board — andthen to look ahead with the present group of thirty-two.The first event in this Fiftieth Anniversary Year wasthe celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the firstmeeting of the Board of Trustees. On this occasion, onJuly 9, 1940, at the Chicago Club, the Secretary of theBoard read the minutes of the first meeting which washeld at the Grand Pacific Hotel.The personnel and method of selection of the membersof the first Board are thus described by Thomas W.Goodspeed in his History of the University: "The firstTrustees were chosen in the following manner. Secretary Gates well understood that, as the executive officerof the Education Society (American Baptist EducationSociety), it devolved on him to find men who couldproperly be named to the Executive Board for consideration as Trustees. Throughout the whole of the year inwhich the subscriptions were being sought he was constantly on the lookout for good trustee material. Hereand there men were found who were not satisfied withmaking liberal subscriptions, but exhibited so deep andintelligent an interest, making inquiries, offering suggestions, proffering services, seeking to interest others,furthering in every way they could the work of the secretaries, that their ultimate appointment as Trustees followed naturally, almost inevitably, their living andenlightened interest in, and unselfish and voluntaryservices to, the enterprise. Often on leaving an officewhere there had been an interview with a man of thissort, Mr. Gates would say, There is a man who willmake a Trustee !' A list of gentlemen was thus preparedbefore the end of the year came. The names were submitted to Mr. Rockefeller and to Mr. Field and to therest of the principal subscribers and were by them approved to the Executive Board of the Education Societyfor appointment. Their names were submited as thenominees of the subscribers to the fund and as such wereapproved by the Executive Board. ..."The following were the men thus chosen: Joseph M.Bailey, a member of the state Supreme Court and laterchief justice; E. Nelson Blake, twice president of theChicago Board of Trade, and first president of the University Board; Charles C. Bowen, a business man ofDetroit, Michigan ; Elmer L. Corthell, a civil engineer ; Eli B. Felsenthal, a lawyer and an alumnus of the firstUniversity of Chicago of the Class of 78 ; Edward Goodman, one of the proprietors of 'The Standard' ; Dr. William R. Harper, later president of the University ; FrancisE. Hinckley, a business man ; Charles. L. Hutchinson,president of the Corn Exchange Bank and the Art Institute, first treasurer of the University; Herman H.Kohlsaat, newspaper proprietor and editor; AndrewMacLeish, merchant, long vice-president of the Board;John W. Midgley, railroad expert; C. W. Needham,lawyer; Dr. Alonzo K. Parker, pastor of the CentennialBaptist Church; Ferdinand W. Peck, a capitalist andan alumnus of the first University of the Class of '68;George A. Pillsbury, a business man of Minneapolis,Minnesota ; Henry A. Rust, business man, later businessmanager of the University; Martin A. Ryerson, capitalist, long president of the Board of Trustees; Daniel L.Shorey, a retired lawyer; Frederick A. Smith, lawyer,alumnus of the first University of the Class of '66, laterjudge in the Chicago courts and second vice-presidentof the Board; and George C. Walker, capitalist."It will be observed that of the first group of trustees,.there were two editors, one civil engineer, six lawyers,two wholesale grain dealers, one miller, one banker, oneeducator, one merchant, one railroad expert, one minister,and four capitalists. The officers of the Board for thefirst year: E. Nelson Blake, president ; Martin A. Ryerson, vice-president ; Charles L. Hutchinson, treasurer ;Thomas W. Goodspeed, secretary.Since its incorporation in 1890 ninety men have servedas trustees of the University, of whom forty-two aredeceased. None of the original trustees is now living,Mr. Eli B. Felsenthal, the last survivor, having died in1937. Because the Baptist denomination was so largelyresponsible for the establishment of the University, theoriginal charter required that two-thirds of the twenty-one members of the Board should be members of regularBaptist churches. This section of the Articles of Incorporation has, with the consent of the Founder and therepresentatives of the Baptist denomination, beenamended three times, the present requirement being asfollows: "At all times not less than three-fifths of theTrustees shall be members of Christian churches, and ofthis three-fifths a majority shall be members of Baptistchurches. At no time shall the number of Trustees belonging to any other denomination exceed the numberof Baptists upon such Board." The charter now provides for a Board of thirty-five Trustees, and at thepresent time there are three vacancies on the Board.Under the By-Laws when a Trustee attains the age ofseventy he automatically becomes an Honorary Trustee,and thenceforth does not have the privilege of voting orholding office, but may attend and participate in the(Continued on Page 29)(Turn page for biographical sketches.)7T HE UN1VER S I T Y O F CHIC A GO MAGAZINETRUSTEESARNETT, TREVOR. Born, Little Hereford, Eng., November 8,1870. A.B., Chicago, 1898; ScD., Carleton, 1926; LL.D.,Colby, 1939. Baptist. Delta Upsilon. Retired President of General Education Board. Entered service of the University in 1896as President Harper's personal auditor, chief accountant 1899-1900,auditor 1901-1922, Vice-President and Business Manager, 1924-1926.Authority on university accounting and financial administration.Trustee, 1916-22, 1926-28, and 1937—. Chairman of Committeeon Accounting and Audit. < —AVERY, SEWELL LEE. Born, Saginaw, Mich., November 4, 1874.LL.B., Michigan, 1894. Chairman of Board of United StatesGypsum Company and President and Chairman of the Board ofMontgomery Ward & Co. Trustee, Museum of Science and Industry. Director of several corporations. Endowed distinguishedservice professorship which bears his name. Trustee, 1 926 —. >AXELSON, CHARLES F. Born, Princeton, III., August 20, 1881.Ph.B., Chicago, 1907. Baptist. Delta Tau Delta. Specialrepresentative of Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co. Chairman Alumni Council, 1922-24. During World War was PersonnelSupervisor in the War Department in charge of the Eastern andNortheastern Division; commissioned a Major in the Adjutant-'General's Department O.R.C. Trustee, 1923—. <—BARNARD, HARRISON B. Born, Seville, Ohio, July 17, 1874.A.B., Chicago, 1895. Baptist. Delta Tau Delta. Contractor andbuilder. Trustee, Shedd Aquarium and the Washington and JaneSmith Home. Trustee, 1927 —. Advisor on buildings and groundsaffairs. — *BELL, LAIRD. Born, Winona, Minn., April 6, 1883. A.B., Harvard, 1904; J.D., Chicago, 1907. Member law firm, Bell, Boydand Marshall. Director of several corporations. Trustee, 1929 — .Second Vice-Chairman of the Board. Chairman of Committee onInstruction and Research. *~~BLAIR, W. McCORMICK. Born, Chicago, May 2, 1884. A.B.,Yale, 1907. Presbyterian. Psi Upsilon. President of Blair,Bonner and Co., investment bankers. Director of several corporations and philanthropic institutions. President of Commercial Club,1940-41. Member of Executive Committee of Alumni Board, YaleUniversity. Trustee, 1931 — . Chairman of Committee on BusinessAffairs. -»BOND, WILLIAM SCOTT. Born, Chicago, May 9, 1876. Ph.B.,Chicago, 1897; graduate Kent College of Law, 1899. Mem^ber of real estate firm, William A. Bond and Co. Real estate loanrepresentative of Northwestern Life Insurance Company. Activein civic affairs. Western Intercollegiate Champion in tennis doubles, 1894-95-96-97, and in singles, 1896-97. Chairman of AlumniCouncil, 1914^15. Trustee, 1922 —. First Vice-Chairman of theBoard. <—DOUGLAS, JAMES H., JR. Born, Cedar Rapids, la., MarchII, 1899. A.B., Princeton, 1920. Attended Corpus ChrlstiCollege, Cambridge, Eng. LL.B., Harvard, 1924. Member of thelaw firm, Gardner, Carton and Douglas.. Fiscal Assistant Secretaryof the United States Treasury, 1932-33. Presbyterian. Active inphilanthropies. Member of Graduate Council, Princeton University. Second lieutenant, U. S. Army, 1918. Trustee 1933 — . Chairman of Committee on Nominations. — >THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEOF THE UNIVERSITYEATON, CYRUS S. Born, Nova Scotia, December 27, 1883. A.B.,McMaster University of Tononto, 1895. Baptist. Trustee,Dennison University, Tennessee College, Case School of AppliedService, Cleveland Museum of Natural Science, and ClevelandY.M.C.A. Partner in Otis & Co. Director of several industrialand banking corporations. Trustee, 1929 — . < —EPSTEIN, MAX. Born, Cincinnati, February 6, 1875. AttendedCollege of the City of New York, 1891. Chairman of theBoard, General American Transportation Corp. Active in philanthropies. Chairman of Draft Board during the World War andLieutenant Colonel in U. S. Army Reserves. Donor of the MaxEpstein Clinics for Out-Patients in the University Clinics and ofthe Max and Leola Epstein Art Reference Library. Trustee,1931— . -»FIELD, MARSHALL. Born, Chicago, September 28, 1893. Educated in England, Eton and Cambridge University. Grandsonof one of the original incorporators of the University. Catholic.Director of several corporations. Active in civic and cultural affairs of New York City. Captain in U. S. Army, 1917-19; participated in St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne operations. In March,1940, donated to the University building at 212-220 W. JacksonBoul. Supports fellowship in economics. Trustee, 1937 —. < —GEAR, HARRY B. Born, Marietta, Ohio, March 6, 1872. A.B.,Marietta College, 1892, M.E., Cornell, 1895. Baptist. PhiGamma Delta. Electrical engineer. Vice-President of Commonwealth Edison Co. Trustee, Baptist Theological Union. Advisoron engineering problems. Trustee, 1924 —. — >GOODSPEED, CHARLES BARNETT. Born, Cleveland, Ohio,February 8, 1885. M.E., Cornell, 1908. Alpha Delta Phi.Manufacturer. Captain, U. S. Army, 1918. Treasurer, RepublicanNational Committee. Trustee, 1932 — . <r-HALL, ARTHUR B. Born, Mount Vernon, Ohio, March 27, 1881.A.B., Yale, 1902. Presbyterian. Phi Gamma Delta. Phi BetaKappa. Member of the real estate firm, Hall & Ellis, specializingin the management of office buildings and other downtown busi-<ness properties. Trustee, Carroll College. Active in Presbyterianand Y.M.C.A. affairs. Advisor on real estate matters. Trustee,1932—. -*HOFFMAN, PAUL G. Born, Chicago, April 26, 1891. Studentin University, 1908-1909. LL.D., Rose Polytechnic Institute,D.B.A., University of Southern California. Delta Tau Delta. President, Studebaker Corp. Leader in promotion of traffic safety.Member of visiting committee, Department of Government, Harvard University. First Lieutenant, U. S. Army, 1917-19. Chairmanof Alumni Committee on Information and Development, 1937-39.Trustee, 1937—. <¦—H UTCHINS, ROBERT M. Born, Brooklyn, N. Y., January 17,1899. Yale, A.B., 1921; Yale, A. M., 1922; Yale, LL.B., 1925;LL.D., West Virginia, Lafayette and Oberlin, 1929, Williams, 1930,Berea, 1931, Harvard, 1936, and Tulane, 1938. Secretary of Yale,1923-27. Acting Dean and Professor, Yale Law School, 1927-28;Dean, 1928-29. President, University of Chicago, since 1929.Served in the ambulance service during the World War and wasdecorated, 1918. Trustee, 1934 — . — >10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETRUSTEESLASKER, ALBERT D. Born, Freiberg, Germany (of Americanparents) May I, 1880. For many years President of Lord andThomas, advertising agency, retired in 1938. Chairman of UnitedStates Shipping Board, 1921-23. Member, American Jewish Committee of the United States. Established the Lasker Foundationfor Medical Research at the University in 1928, and in 1939 gavethe University his estate, Mill Road Farm. Trustee, 1937 — . <—McNAIR, FRANK. Born, Greenvillage, Pa., January 28, 1881.Ph.B., Chicago, 1903. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Vice-President,Harris Trust and Savings Bank. Active in philanthropies. Chairman of Alumni Council, 1918-20. Trustee 1927 — . Chairman ofCommittee on Finance and Investment and Chairman of the Executive Committee of Committee on Development, in charge of theFiftieth Anniversary Campaign. _^NUVEEN, JOHN JR. Born, Chicago, June 6, 1896. Ph.B.,Chicago, 1919. Baptist. Alpha Delta Phi. John Nuveen &Co., municipal bonds. Served in Signal Reserve Corps, 1918.Member, International Committee of the Y.M.C.A. President ofBoard of Education, Kenilworth, III. Treasurer, Chicago CityManager Committee. Chairman, the Alumni Council since 1938and the Executive Committee of the Alumni Foundation. Trustee,1938—. <—QUANTRELL, ERNEST E. Born, Union Center, Ind., May 8,1881. Chicago ex 1905. Baptist. Phi Delta Theta. "C"man in track. Served as District Chairman of the DevelopmentCampaign 1924-26. For many years Vice-President of Halsey,Stuart & Co. Established his own investment business in 1928.Interested in the development of undergraduate work and theimprovement of undergraduate teaching. Trustee, 1929 — . — >RANDALL, CLARENCE B. Born, Newark Valley, N. Y., March5, 1891. A.B., Harvard, 1912; LL.B., Harvard, 1915. Episcopalian. Delta Upsilon. Phi Beta Kappa. Vice-President, InlandSteel Company. President, Board of Education of Winnetka, III.,1930-1936. President of Harvard Club of Chicago, 1937-1938.Active in philanthropies. Captain, U. S. Army, 1917-1919. Trustee,1936—. 4r-R OSENWALD, LESSING J. Born, Chicago, February 10, 1891.Attended Cornell, 1909-11. Director and Ex-President, Federation of Jewish Charities, Philadelphia. Chairman of the Board,Julius Rosenwald Fund and Treasurer Rosenwald Family Association.Manager of the Philadelphia plant of Sears, Roebuck & Co. since1920. Chairman of Board of Directors of Sears, Roebuck & Co.,1932-39. Trustee, 1937—. _»RUSSELL, PAUL S. Born, Oak Park, III., May 10, 1893. Ph.B.,Chicago, 1916. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Vice-President, HarrisTrust and Savings Bank. Chairman of Alumni Council, 1932-34.Quarterback of the Conference Championship Football Team in1913 and Captain in 1915. Captain, U. S. Army, 1917-19; inaction fifteen months in France. Trustee, 1933 —. Chairman of theCommittee on Development. < —RYERSON, EDWARD L., JR. Born, Chicago, December 3, 1886.Ph.B., Yale, 1908; Ph.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology,1909; M.A., Yale, 1932. Episcopalian. Chairman of the Board,Joseph T. Ryerson & Sons, Inland Steel. Director of several corporations. Fellow of Yale Corporation. Leader in philanthropicwork in Chicago. In 1917 served with the Aircraft ProductionBoard and in 1918 was commissioned Captain R.M.A., U. S. Army.Trustee, 1923—. _»UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 11OF THE UNIVERSITYSCOTT, ALBERT L. Born, Cleveland, Ohio, June 21, 1878.A.B., Brown, 1900. Baptist. Delta Upsilon. President, Lock-wood, Greene Engineers, Inc., New York City. Trustee, LingnonUniversity, China; Fellow, Brown University. Member of theExecutive Committee of the Movement for World Christianity.Member of the Layman's Inquiry Commission which visited India,Burma, China, and Japan and wrote "Rethinking Missions." Chiefof Supply and Equipment Division, Q. M. O, U. S. Army, 1917-18.Trustee, 1934—. <—SCOTT, ROBERT L. Born, Ottawa, III., May 26, 1873. Baptist.Vice-President, Carson, Pirie, Scott & Co. Trustee, BaptistTheological Union. Successive'y, Director, Vice-President, andPresident of Evanston Y.M.C.A. Was Vice-President of the Boardfor ten years and has served as Trustee since 1912, the longestterm of any of the present Board. ^SHERER, ALBERT W. Born, Chicago, August 10, 1883. A.B.,Chicago, 1906. Baptist. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Manager,Chicago office of Curtis Publishing Co., 1924-28. Executive Vice-President of Lord and Thomas, 1928-37, and is now an executive ofthe National Biscuit Company, in New York City. Chairman ofAlumni Council, 1915-16. Vice-Chairman of the Committee inCharge of the Development Campaign, 1922-26. Trustee, 1922 — .<—STIFLER, JAMES M. Born, Alton, III., February 10, 1875. B.A.,Pennsylvania, 1896. Graduated from Crozer TheologicalSeminary, 1899; D.D., Denison, 1913; D.D., Brown, 1925. Baptist.Psi Upsilon. Phi Beta Kappa. Trustee, Baptist Theological Union.President, Central Association of Evanston Charities 1925-31.Pastor, First Baptist Church of Evanston, 1909-1931. Chairman ofTrustees Committee on Development, 1931-34, Secretary of theUniversity, 1934-40. Trustee, 1929 — . _»STUART, JOHN. Born, Cedar Rapids, la., May 23, 1877. C.E.,Princeton, 1900. Congregationalist. Trustee, Princeton University. President, Qauker Oats Co. Director of several corporations. Advisor on financial and business problems. Trustee,1924—. <-SWIFT, HAROLD H. Born, Chicago, January 24, 1885. Ph.B.,Chicago, 1907; LL.D., Brown, 1933. Delta Kappa Epsilon.Vice-Chairman of the Board, Swift & Co. Member, RockefellerFoundation and General Education Board. Trustee, Julius Rosenwald Fund and Museum of Science and Industry. Was a memberof the American Red Cross Mission to Russia, 1917, and Captain,U. S. Army, 1918. First alumnus elected to the Board of Trustees(1914). President (now chairman) of the Board since 1922. — »WILSON, JOHN P. Born, Chicago, October 7, 1877. A.B.,Williams, 1900; LL.B., Harvard, 1903. Congregationalist.Alpha Delta Phi. Member of the law firm, Wilson and Mcllvaine.President of Board of Directors, Children's Memorial Hospital.Trustee, Williams College, Newberry Library, and Field Museum.Director of several corporations. Advisor on legal and financialquestions. Trustee, 1930 — . <—ZIMMERMANN, HERBERT P. Born, Chicago, April 15, 1880.A.B., Chicago, 1901. Evangelical. Psi Upsilon. Vice-President,R. R. Donnelley and Sons Co. Chairman of the Alumni Council,1926-28. President of Board of Trustees, Community Hospital,Geneva, III. Chairman of the Alumni Development Committeeduring the University's Development Campaign of 1924-26. Underhis leadership the committee exceeded its goal of $2,000,000,pledged by approximately 12,000 alumni. Trustee, 1937 — . _>WHY I'M FOR WILLKIEDURING my student days, I roomed for severalyears in the home of a testy, argumentative oldman, retired from active duty but still eagerlyinterested in public affairs and full of zest for impassioned comment on the state of the nation. In responseto the dangerous liberalism or "radicalism" which henoted in my arguments he was wont tosum up our frequent discussions with thesame pleading formula : "No, Stone. Aftercareful and continuous study and thoughtover a period of fifty years, I have cometo the conclusion that the worst Republican I can vote for will be better than thebest Democrat, so, I just vote her straight.The Democrats have demonstrated conclusively that they don't know how to runthe country."Despite this testy advice and the onusof breaking with the traditional Republicanism of my forebears, "my reasonedconvictions" resulted in my voting for eachsuccessive Democratic presidental candidate—until 1936.Although I never could devise any satisfactory meaning for that phenomenoncalled the New Deal, I did not have to waituntil 1936 to discover that the Democraticplatform of 1932, for which I had voted with such positive enthusiasm, was only a scrap of paper, and that thecongeries of persons operating under the Democrat, NewDeal labels had conclusively demonstrated incompetenceto "run the country."Maybe my old landlord had something!We Mugwumps, however, cannot state our positionso simply as my old political mentor. Our position asindependent voters compels us to seek reasons for ourvotes which are based upon analysis that satisfies us asbeing intelligent. In the case of Candidate Roosevelthimself it would appear to be a fairly simple matter tomake an intelligent decision. He has been on the stagefor nearly eight years — eight long years of sustained"emergency." We can anticipate without much chanceof error the time, manner, and tone of his entrances andexits from the bedside of the body politic. The Democratic platform as well as Candidate Roosevelt's acceptance speech gives us specific information as to what wemay expect if his administration is continued in office —four years more of the same sort of program we havehad during the past eight years — no retreat from butan extension of what he calls our "social gains" ; mounting agricultural surpluses and consequently larger subsidies to agriculture; certainty of unemployment for alarge part of the population; sustained efforts to makegood the threat to business in the Madison SquareGarden speech, "I shall prove that I am their master" ;measures designed to make good the New Deal thesisthat our economic system has reached its peak of expan-PROFESSOR STONE • By RALEIGH W. STONE, PhD, '19sion — that henceforth ours is a declining economy ;further major efforts to establish internal trade barriers,price-fixing, and other monopolistic and restrictive measures which can only have the effect of further restrainingthe expansion of employment, industry and trade;political manipulation of the New Deal equity in humanmisery — "tax and tax, spend and spend,and elect and elect" ; further underminingof the morale and morality of the bodypolitic, thus progressively destroying thefree contract, private property system ofeconomic organization necessary to themaintenance of a democratic way of life;progressive concentration of power in thehands of the executive branch of the federal government through use of the national purse to induce or compel compliance; the practical certainty of our beingplunged into a World War with ourarmament still "on order" ; continuedexploitation of the Presidency by theRoosevelt family.I don't like it !The candidacy of Wendell Willkie presents to the independent voter in questof an intelligent decision a substantiallydifferent problem. His candidacy mustof necessity be based on criticisms and promises. Ourconjectures as to his conduct if elected must thereforebe based on our judgment of the quality and pertinencyof his criticisms and promises, our judgment of theanalytical and political competency of the candidate todeal constructively with the major issues now confronting the nation as well as those that will arise in the yearsahead. The life record of the man, his social and familybackground, his articles of faith, his reputation and standing as a citizen are the raw materials to which we areperforce limited in arriving at a judgment. That suchis the case is in itself no reflection on the candidacy ofWendell Willkie.Merely to vote against Candidate Roosevelt would bepurely a negative act even though, as I see it, completelyjustified by the record. All too frequently electionspresent the independent voter with little if anything morethan the opportunity to vote against someone or something. In 1936 I voted against Candidate Roosevelt ;in 1940 I shall, however, vote for Candidate Willkie.For me the candidacy of Wendell Willkie holds a positivepromise for the preservation and development of the"Promise of American Life" — politically, economicallyand culturally. I have the sort of faith in this manWillkie that the party platform and the candidacy ofMr. Roosevelt elicited in 1932.I shall cast a positive vote for Wendell Willkie because I am convinced that he has an understanding ofthe major issues that confront the nation which I do(Continued on page 27)12WHY I'M FOR ROOSEVELTIF ONE ASKED the average American if revolutionsare frequent in the United States, he would answerthat we have had but one revolution, that of 1776.As a matter of fact, revolutions in American politicallife have been quite frequent. We Americans are veryslow in ordering changes in our social, economic andpolitical life. We have come to look uponcertain historical traditions, which characterized life in the 18th century, asunchanging and as fitting every circumstance that may arise now or in the future.As a result of that attitude, we prefernot to make necessary economic and socialchanges even when there is a crying needfor such changes. If one looks at thehistory of American politics, one will seehow this is borne out. One will note howwe have gone along for periods of ten tofifteen years or more without any drasticpolicies being enacted into law by nationaladministrations. During these quiescentperiods, the need for certain changes andcertain remedies have grown more pressing with each succeeding year. At theconclusion of such periods, political explo- • By JEROME G. KERWINaccused of being a self-seeking, dangerous autocrat. Twoin particular were often invested with the royal title ofKing or Czar and those two were Jackson and TheodoreRoosevelt. These strong personalities dominated Congress, assumed direction of both national and international affairs and accomplished far-reaching reformswithout which violent revolution might,in the end, have been the result. It isinteresting, too, to note that the reformseffected by these presidents were finallyaccepted by all and even the weakest oftheir successors carried them on. It is tothe credit of the American citizen thathe is able to force those necessary changeswithout violent upheaval. In only onecase, as we know, did violence settle aburning issue, and that was during thetragic years 1861-65.In other words, we prefer to let ourneeds accumulate. We prefer to go ourway without appealing to governmentintervention. We prefer even to let wholesections of our fellow-citizens sufferthrough our lack of action rather than toinvite any interference in our social andsions inevitably occur. The men put into POLITICAL SCIENTIST KERWIN econoraic life. Reform in America, then,the office of President at such times havegenerally turned out to be dynamic leaders who find thatthey must battle with forces both within their party andoutside of their party in order to accomplish necessaryreforms.Thus, one may note the election of Jefferson in 1800,referred to at the time and very often since as a revolution, which brought about the further democratization ofmany of the institutions founded at the time the Republicwas born. Of the same nature was the election of Jackson ; of the same nature was the election of Lincoln, who,incidentally, found many people of the well-to-do business and professional classes opposing him as a demagogue and a man destructive and dangerous to Americaninstitutions.Of the same nature was the election of Cleveland, whohad to combat entrenched spoilsmen and to break thealliance between corrupt business and corrupt politics innational life. Of the same nature, too, was the electionof Theodore Roosevelt, whose greatest accomplishmentwill quite likely be in the view of the historian of thefuture his battle for the preservation of our naturalresources. In thinking of Theodore Roosevelt one shouldnot forget his vigorous opposition to unlawful combinations in restraint of trade which opposition brought downupon his head the condemnation of the economicallypowerful in our land. Of the same nature was the election of Woodrow Wilson, who carried his economicreforms far beyond the point where Theodore Roosevelthad left off.Each one of these men, interestingly enough, was is not a gradual process. It has come asa result of political and economic up-heavals. No doubtit would be better if the process were more gradual.But, in fact, the situation is otherwise.Franklin Delano Roosevelt came to office faced withthe urgent necessity of making deep and far reachingreforms. When he was elected in 1932, there wasscarcely a person who did not see the necessity forreform. It is quite possible, as in the case of his predecessors, he did not see the specific or detailed nature ofthese reforms. He set about, however, with praiseworthyvigor to push through Congress legislation necessary tohelp us over the emergency. Many things had to bedone quickly and no one will deny that, in that necessaryspeed, some things were done unwisely. Our presidents,it must be remembered, are human beings and not angels.Some legislation was passed which was poorly drawnand constitutionally badly constructed. Some men werechosen to office, both in high and low places, who wereunworthy of the trust placed in them.Mr. Roosevelt, however, sought the best advice hecould obtain ; as the man in industry or finance, he wentto the expert, for which he was severely criticised by hisopponents. Because among his advisers he placed asmall number of university people, he was said to be atheorist, a visionary, a socialist, a communist, a crackpot.Anyone who has known the history of American government knows that we have never sinned by using too manyexperts, despite the fact that government has become adefinite sphere for the expert during the past fifty years(Continued on Page 26)13MEXICAN LETTER• By RALPH W. NICHOLSON, '36Mexico City,September 17ON THE DAY after Labor Day, many of theMexican newspapers ran a little story to the effect that more than 400 people in the UnitedStates had died . "deaths of violence" over the holidayweekend. I am sure that the same story ran in theUnited States and that many people read it as a sad bitof news. At first I was irritated by the use of the phrase"deaths of violence," but then I was forced to admit thatwas a correct way of looking at death by automobile. Iwas irritated because anyone should apply even thistechnically correct phrase to automobile accidents. Somehow it seemed unsympathetic.I realized in a minute of reflection that what I wasreading was really the primer of international relations.The newspaper article reflected how Mexico (where automobiles rattle around in a big country) felt about highway accidents. Most people in the United States, Ithink, feel that Mexican politics are unnecessarily violent, and therefore "undemocratic." Americans cannotunderstand how citizens on their way home from thepolls can continue their civic exercise by shooting a fewmembers of the opposite party. Of course, shootingsoccur once in a while in the United States, but fatalitiesare relatively few. People in the United States havetheir fun — but take their chances — in automobiles. Wehave come to accept that as so. People in Mexico havetheir fun — but take their chances — in politics. Exceptthat you do not aim an automobile at anyone, there doesnot seem to be any real difference.I am inclined to think that the only way to look atMexican politics is through Mexican eyes. It doesno good to say the politics are crude and violent. Theonly way to solve Mexican problems is to determineMexican desires. Since I can do neither of these thingsat the moment, the Mexican scene seems hopelessly complex. I have only impressions and opinions about whatis going on.General Manuel Avila Camacho, the government candidate who early this month was officially proclaimedPresident of the Republic, is far from being the popularchoice, according to the people themselves. The peoplesay they voted for General Juan Almazan, backed bythe Revolutionary Party for National Unification. Thisis not the opinion of a few. Nor is it the opinion ofa class, or of the people in any one section of the country. The working men, the beggers, the taxi drivers,the business and professional men, the waiters in restaurants, and the farmers — with very rare exceptions —say they voted for Almazan. And so, they say, dideveryone else. This is especially true in Mexico City.It is almost as true in Guadalajara, in Monterey (Al-mazan's own territory) and in Puebla — where I havedone Roving Reporter jobs. I have heard that it is similarly true in Vera Cruz, thus giving Almazan the firstfive cities in Mexico. In the interior, away from the cities and the highways, the people do not care so much about who is president. As long as it rains so that food will grow, oras long or there are fish in the lake, life will go on aboutthe same. That was the case in Patzcuaro, for instance,in President Cardenas' home state of Michoacan. However, those who did care about who would succeed Cardenas much preferred Almazan to Cardenas-sponsoredCamacho. Why that is so, only Mexican eyes can see.Patzcuaro has benefited by the Cardenas regime. It gotroads and schools, two of the better developments of thelast six years. Its lake has been kept stocked with fish.President Cardenas maintains a summer home there,but rarely has time to visit it. Patzcuaro is in thecenter of the ancient Tarascan kingdom, and the president is part Tarasco. Still Patzcuaro wants AlmazanIt may be unnecessary to go to such lengths to indicate that Almazan is really popular, and may reallyhave been elected. Certainly most of the newspapersin the United States have been saying that all along.I go to these lengths only because it is so difficult tobelieve that Almazan could actually be the popular choice.That he seems to stand for the wrong things for Mexicothe American newspapers might overlook. But it is hardto think the people would.The people who say they voted for Almazan are disappointingly inarticulate and often contradictory in theirreasons. Many freely say that Camacho has as muchor more integrity. Many even say that Camacho mightbe a better man for the office. Some who think thatthe way to Mexican prosperity will be found by givingindustry a free hand think that Almazan is their man.Others like him either because he is for or againstGermany. Both reasons are used.Actually the most consistent reason given for preferring Almazan has nothing to do with policy — onlypolitics. It is the popular dislike of Vincente LombardoToledano, leader of the Confederation of Mexican Workers and part of the government bloc that will continuein power with Camacho as president. Lombardo Toledano seems to control the machine that grinds out theparticular kind of government native to Mexico. Itis a government of special privilege and corruption. Theargument is that with Camacho in, this machine willgo on robbing the people at top speed; if Almazancould be hoisted into office, this particular machine wouldbe broken and time would have to be taken for Almazanto build his own. For that time, there might be relief.The differences between the two men are difficultto find from their public utterances. They both claimthe same ideals, both appear to be generally conservative, both hope for closer relations with the UnitedStates, both would continue the policy of oil expropriation, both have the warmest feeling for the continuanceof the Mexican Revolution. It is difficult to make patstatements about the sources of support for the twomen — or for an outsider ever to make pat statements14THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 15about Mexican affairs. However, Almazan is said tohave the backing of the church, the army, and bigbusiness. On the other hand, the army is said to beloyal to the present government, and the church politically powerless. It does seem certain, though that1) business does not favor Camacho (however Camachohas made some moves that might be said to court thefavor of business) and 2) Camacho in general represents,and Almazan opposes, the Cardenas program of benefitsfor the masses paid for in land or taxes from the rich andMexico for Mexicans.All this is interesting for only two reasons, firstbecause it is still anyone's guess whether or not therewill be a revolution, and, second, because it illustratesdemocracy facing a fundamental problem.First, the revolution. The only person capable ofleading a revolution now is Almazan. Almazan has agreat deal to lose if he should be unsuccessful. He hasamassed a great fortune during his career by the simple expedient of selling his political opposition for government contracts. Should he lose, he would lose thisfortune.Already the most critical time for the revolution haspassed. The new president has been announced withoutso much as a formal protest from the defeated candidate, now somewhere in the United States. The nextcritical period will come at the time set for the inauguration of Camacho, December 1.As for democracy. You have the old paradox — theparty that seems best to represent democracy must either Ralph Nicholson, whograduated from the University in 1936, was Editor-in-Chief of the DailyMaroon, a University Marshal and member of Owland Serpent. After threeyears with General ElectricCo. he returned to theUniversity last year to doseveral writing assignments.He is at present in MexicoCity.use force of fraud in order to maintain itself in poweror else apply its democratic philosophy and let the peopleselect an anti-democratic government in its place. Ithink it is clear that the Cardenas government chose touse whatever means it could to maintain itself in officeso far — I at least cannot believe that Camacho receivedthe 2,136,625 votes, representing a majority of all 172election districts accredited to him, while Almazan polledonly 128,574 votes. The figures seem conveniently false.Camacho may have to add force to this apparent fraudbefore his government will ever begin to operate. Itlooks as if democratic principles will have to be suspended awhile so that the struggle toward democracy cancontinue.MADRID SPEAKING[The follozving article is a transcript of a radio broadcast from Madrid on August 18, heard in the UnitedStates over station WEAF and the Red Network of theNational Broadcasting Co. from 7 to 7 :05 P. M., EasternTime. Miss Hiett broadcasts at irregular intervals fromSpain over NBC]ANNOUNCER: The news in Spain. Go ahead,Madrid.MISS HIETT: Hello, NBC. This is Helen Hiettspeaking to you from Madrid.A very quiet Madrid, really, because every Madridlenowho can possibly manage it, is away now, on holiday.All are away but the long-suffering censors, of course.Although it's midnight, our time, two censors are withme now here at the studio. (To be sure that I don't sayanything that isn't in my script.) Even the diplomaticand journalistic ranks thinned out temporarily here inthe last few days. People have seemed to take a cuefrom the departure of most of the members of the Government who are off on vacation trips. Including General Franco himself, who has gone to Galincea. Thegeneral impression here is that there will be no important news here until the beginning of September, at theearliest. By that time, too, people here hope to knowmore about what the Junta Politica has been doing, • By HELEN HIETT, '34during its long meetings this month. The Junta Politicathat's spelled JUNTA POLITICA, is the highest organ in the Flangist Party and is almost comparableto the Fascist Grand Council, adjourned at the momentfor a long weekend. We learn that on Tuesday it'sgoing to resume its deliberations. It is supposed to bedrawing up important Constitutional statutes for theNew Spanish Nationalist State, which has been withoutany since the Spanish Civil War. And, in particular,to be building up the framework of the new nationaleconomic organization based on syndicates. Despite thepresent holiday calm, though, Madrid is an extremelyinteresting place to be right now. For, in addition toSpanish hospitality, the Spanish are enjoying leisurewhich make one glad to be here at any time. At thismoment, Madrid is probably the European capital beststocked with news sources representing both sides ofthe present conflict. While the embassies of all belligerent powers are maintaining large personnel staffs, theSpanish Government has sought to curtail direct propaganda by foreign powers within Spain by asking themto limit circulation of their news bulletins to officialcircles. However, the sources still remain for anyonewho cares to go to them.As far as Spanish opinion is concerned, the whole(Continued on Page 29)NOTES FOR A DILETTANTE• By DAVID DAICHES¦ I . ON MAKING A VIRTUE OF NECESSITY"Suppose a man find by his own inclination he has nomind to marry, may he not then Vow Chastity? Answer.If he does, what a fine thing hath he done? 'tis as if aman did not love Cheese, and then he would vow to GodAlmighty never to cat Cheese." John Selden, Table-Talk (1689).A UNIVERSITY is traditionally supposed to be aplace where people potter about in search ofTruth, and indeed there is no harm in that, ifthey recognize Truth when they find it. There is an oldeastern proverb which says that truth is a naked lady living at the bottom of a well, and a respectable man willshrink from bringing her to the surface. The respectableman, however, need have no fear, for should he encounter the lady he would certainly not recognize her forwhat she is: that truth is to be found naked is an ideathat never enters his head. One suspects that the eastern proverb was coined by a repressed bachelor as asoothing syrup for his lack of enterprise — a neat pieceof sublimation. Indeed one does not need to be aFreudian to realize that none but a married man canever be a true philosopher, if only because the unmarried philosopher is always bound to have somethingqueer about his symbols. Descartes obviously did wrongto do his thinking in a stove, for the truth about the universe that will satisfy a man in a stove is not the truththat will satisfy a man entering a street-car crowdedwith dirty children and exhausted women. Truth witha capital T can be defined as what will satisfy a man onthe top of Mount Everest without his changing his mindwhen he is drinking in a Chicago tavern or kissing hiswife. The trouble with the 19th century romantic poets,considered as philosophers, was that they remained always on the top of Mount Everest, and if they did kisstheir wives they did so with their minds on Ideal Beauty(Shelley) or on Queen Victoria (Tennyson).At this point you will shout me down, exclaiming thatlogic is logic and 2 + 2 = 4 equally in Tibet and inTulsa, Oklahoma. But your argument does not disturbme, for the point I am making concerns whether factsabout 2 + 2 are to be considered relevant or not. Logicmay be outside time and space, but what we apply ourlogic to differs in accordance with our environment andmental habits. A minor disciple of Euclid, on being-asked what ultimate truth was, consulted the Good Bookand exclaimed: "The three angles of a triangle are together equal to two right angles." This would not havebeen denied by Saint Augustine or even by MortimerAdler; yet this definition of Truth would certainly notsatisfy them. Anyone can argue: the important thing iswhat we ought to argue about.Let me put the matter another way. When a man, sitting before an aromatic wood fire with a bottle at hiselbow and a pipe in his mouth, preaches the virtues of the life of contemplation, we are naturally suspicious. Helikes to be physically comfortable, we say, and his philosophy is simply a rationalization of this. Similarly, thepoverty-stricken man will contemplate with pleasure theeye of a needle and the physical dimensions of a camel.What are the Good, the True and the Beautiful ? we ask,and we give the answers that satisfy us.Of course, if we were all such many-sided personalitiesthat we included within ourselves all possible humansituations, such a "critique of satisfaction" (as T. E.Hulme called it) would coincide with the Truth so faras the Truth is capable of being grasped by men. If wewere — metaphorically — simultaneously on the top ofMount Everest, drinking with our friends, fighting ourenemies, making love to our women, and so on, we neednot be afraid of Descartes' stove. In such a situationmaking a virtue of necessity would have no derogatoryimplication — we would really be making Virtue. Onlythe hypothetical Complete Man can trust to logic alone,because only he can be sure of applying it to the relevant objects of thought. The fundamental problem ofphilisophy concerns not proof but relevance.Thus the man who divorces the life of action from thatof contemplation may be in a good position to find outtruths, but in a very bad one to discover Truth. ThatSpinoza was unmarried can be seen in every line of theDe Intellectus Emendatione, and the pages of Marius theEpicurean proclaim clearly to the discerning that WalterPater was an Oxford recluse. That Socrates inventedone of the most satisfactory of dialectics as a means ofdiscovering truth may owe more to his having fought asa hoplite in the winter campaign at Potidaea and to hishaving been a married man (unlike the majority ofphilosophers) than we like to admit. That Xanthippe,his wife, has traditionally come down to us in the character of a shrew is almost certainly due to the prejudiceof fellow philosophers who refused to believe that aphisosophy concerns not proof but relevance.Sound logic combined with ignorance (a combinationto be found in so many philosophers) is as dangerous asignorance without logic. For the trained philosopher whorespects a valid argument is likely to be impressed by,say, a politician shrewd enough to build a sound pieceof reasoning on a false premise. If a Nazi propagandistgave a wholly false historical account of what had happened in Germany before Hitler came to power and proceeded to use that account as the premise of a whollylogical defense of Naziism, the stove philosopher mightbe taken in, whereas the ordinary man in the street,equally unaware of the brilliance of the logic and thefalsity of the premise (the philosopher being unawareonly of the second) would be suspicious of any defenseof Hitler on any grounds and dismiss it from the start.The trouble with the stove philosopher is that, havingplenty time, he listens to his opponent, while being unable to check up on his opponent's starting-point. The16THE UNIVERSITY OFman in the street doesn't listen, and depends on irrational prejudices which are often no worse than the results of an argument rationally built on a false foundation. The recognition of false premises comes from thelife of action, while the working out of the implicationsof premises comes from the life of contemplation. Theproblem is to combine truth with logic. The minor problem — though also of great importance — is to combinetruth with relevance. And here again we have the sameparadox, for relevance is more likely to be discoveredby the man of action, while the man of contemplationcan make the best use of it.To say that at a university people ought to be concerned with the right ways of thinking rather than withthe right objects of thought is thus no complete solution. It very often happens that the more careful ourlogic the more slapdash our premises. The history ofphilosophy is largely the story of careful and accuratetl linkers applying a sound logical method to fantastic,false, or irrelevant- premises. To bid us accept thepremises as given and judge simply the method is allvery well, but it manifests a lack of concern for truth,which is, of course, the great Aristotelian weakness, justas the great Platonic weakness is intellectual arrogance(thinking to cover the universe with a brash analogy).The fact is, that the basis of thought is the desire forsatisfaction, which has no necessary relation to Truth,and no amount of logical training is going to alter thatfact. Philosophy is making a virtue of necessity, andwe can achieve this process with more or less logicalsoundness — but it is still the same process. The armchair philosopher proving that sedentary contemplationis the highest good is the type of us all.Does this mean that we must resign ourselves to asophisticated skepticism? Not necessarily. Indeed, weshall have been anticipated in skepticism by our logicianfriends, those who insist that method is all, for to insistthat how and not what a man thinks is what matters isof course to take up a wholly skeptical attitude ; there isnothing so fantastic that it cannot be proved by a soundlogical method if only you start from the right premises.No: the problem is obviously one of getting ourselvesinto that condition where we most nearly resemble theComplete Man, a condition in which the application ofour reasoning processes to whatever appears relevant orsignificant will have some chance of discovering Truth.If we are able to unite in ourselves the life of action andthat of contemplation, to live simultaneously on the topof Mount Everest and in the drawing room, we can surrender to philosophy as the desire for satisfaction, as theinstinct to make a virtue out of necessity, without landing ourselves in mere prejudices and rationalizations.A fantastic idea, perhaps, and on the physical levelmore or less impossible. But on the mental level it is perhaps less so. We all tend to sneer at those who go toa movie in order to experience vicariously what theirown limited lives could never afford them, but perhaps aview of literature as vicarious experience (if properlyunderstood) is not so despicable. Obviously, since noneof us can be the Complete Man in actuality, the nextbest thing is to be so imaginatively. Let us for a momentretrace the argument. Only the man sufficiently many- ¦CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17sided to represent in himself all possible human situations can trust to the application of his reason to bringhim Truth, for only he can be sure of not choosing theobjects of his thought, the commencement of his reasoning, arbitrarily out of the prejudices bred by one way oflife. It is impossible for any individual to be thus ideallymany-sided. We can, however, experience imaginativelyin literature what we cannot experience actually in life,and so through literature become at least in some symbolic sense a Complete Man. Thus wide reading inimaginative literature is necessary before we can becomeadequate philosophers.In other words I am suggesting that, without throwing away any of the other values we have learned to findin literature, we might rehabilitate the sentimental viewwhich finds the values of literature in the vicarious experience it affords, and after dressing it up a little andpurging it of sentimental excrescences use it as an important prop in a philosophy of knowledge. I am notsure how serious I am here, but certainly this is theposition to which my argument has led me (if you havefollowed me so far). After all, a surprising number ofcompetent critics of the past have seen in imaginativeliterature the communication of a significant experience,and this is certainly what most readers get out of seriousnovels, plays and poetry. Far too much criticism spendsits time telling people what they ought not to get out ofreading instead of showing them what they do get outof it and how they might make use of what they get. Itis time a little empirical psychology was brought into thediscussion. And we can bring it in very conveniently atthis point, insisting on the observed fact that the majority of intelligent readers of serious imaginative literature value their experience of reading as the communication from author to reader of an experience which seemsto them significant. Now these are all question-beggingterms, I know, but I am not going to go into them justnow. What "significant" means— indeed, what "communication" means — is not easy to define. But at the moment I am insisting simply on the fact that some transmission oL experience is felt by these readers to be theimportant thing about reading. You may say that suchreaders are ill-educated or crazy or anything you like,but it does not alter the fact that there they are. (Andamong them one might mention some very distinguishednames in the history of criticism.) Now all I suggestis that instead of swearing at such readers we ought totake their attitude into consideration and see what can bedone with it.If, then, we. define the literary artist as one who makespatterns out of imaginary or real experience and communicates them to the reader, then the reader obviously getsfrom the artist patterns of living which are very likely tobe different from the pattern of his own life. Sitting inthe tavern, he might understand the pattern of living inthe snows of Tibet or in the slums of mediaeval Paris.The more he reads the more new patterns he sees (relating them all in turn to the basic pattern of his ownlife to discover more complex ones still) and the moreall-inclusive his experience becomes. That a large partof this experience is imaginative and not actual is of(Continued on Page 24)AFTER THIRTY YEARS• By STEPHEN S. VISHER, '09, PhD '15THE value of an opinion depends, obviously, uponthe special competency of the author. One whoknows little about an instituton can not judge itfairly. One who knows well only a single institution cannot correctly judge its comparative merit. One whoseknowledge was all acquired many years previous is ill-prepared to discuss current values. One who failed tobenefit by his own experiences is almost disqualifiedfrom having a fair opinion.Numerous college graduates, including some world-famous men, have deprecated their college years. Mostsuch adverse opinions have been expressed by men whowere either far from college in years and interest, or elsewho had been unfortunate in attending a college ill-adapted to their particular needs. Henry Adams, atHarvard as an undergraduate, had work with "only onestimulating teacher" — Louis Agassiz. But HenryAdams was much beyond the average student in abilityand in several other respects. Moreover, he wrote hisautobiography when aged, with considerable of the pessimism commonly characteristic of the declining years.Charles Darwin's unfriendly statements as to his collegeyears likewise were written as an old man. Certainother well-known writers who have, belittled their college years (Theodore Dreiser said that they werewasted) obviously were not fortunate in the college theyattended. Even in 1940 there are very few colleges inwhich such exceptionally observing and critical men asHenry Adams, Darwin or Dreiser would not find muchmore to criticize than to commend.The vast majority of college graduates, however, believe in college sufficiently to wish their own childrento graduate. Moreover a widely circulated questionnaireindicated -that most alumni approve of their own AlmaMater for their children.A favorable view of one's own Alma Mater often,however, reflects so little knowledge of other institutionsthat it has little value. As few alumni are qualified tohave a valuable opinion of the significance of their college, little inducement has been offered to alumni to prepare careful estimates of the comparative significance oftheir college. Gifts of money are desired rather thanbouquets, either botanical or verbal. Nevertheless, as thisyear's prize award [in the University of ChicagoMagazine's manuscript contest] implies, those who cannot give endowments may be helpful to their AlmaMater by definite statements of just how their collegewas valuable. The better the basis for a valuable opinion, the more useful it is.Those who read the following paragraphs- will concedethat I have a fair basis for a worth-while opinion on thissubject. In addition to attending a superior college andhaving graduate work in four universities, I have seenfrom the inside how several other universities educatetheir students, while actively engaged in college instruction for the past quarter-century in seven universities(four state universities, and Cornell, Pennsylvania and British Columbia). Moreover, I have completed several extended studies of the comparative rankings ofAmerican colleges in the training of scientists, and havemade numerous inquiries of leaders as to what influences they thought especially significant in their owndevelopment,My impressions of my own college years necessarilyreflect the fact that I, entering while 18, was of averageage, of approximately average maturity and strength,was far from my Dakota home, had limited funds, andwas without clear ideas of just what I was after. Myhigh school training had been superior (Lewis Institute),and I had three additional distinct advantages : the experience of having taught a rural one-room school forseven months; helpful suggestions as to selection ofteachers from a sister who had graduated (with PhiBeta Kappa) the June before; and, an exceptional entrance scholarship.Even as a freshman (in 1906-1907) I had work withdistinguished men. Examples are John M. Coulter, already recognized as one of the world's great botanistsand later president of the American Association for theAdvancement of Science and also of the Association ofAmerican University Professors; Rollin D. Salisbury,Dean of the Graduate School of Science, famous as ateacher of physiography, afterwards president of the Association of American Geographers ; Percy Boynton, forEnglish III and for Introduction to American Literature. My eyes were opened, to a rapidly changingbiologic world by Henry C. Cowles, in his superb fieldcourse in physiographic plant ecology with its emphasison plant succession. His great enthusiasm and high ability led to his later being president both of the BotanicalSociety of America and of the. Association of AmericanGeographers. He greatly widened my horizon, partlybecause he took me to Alaska as his assistant on a scientific expedition the following summer.PARADE OF GREAT MENAs a sophomore, I had a stimulating course in psychology under John B. Watson, then an active experimental worker, later widely known for behaviorism;trigonometry under the beloved Herbert Slaught.known as one of the best of mathematics teachers ;laboratory and field geology in Chicago and, in the summer, at Baraboo, Wisconsin, under Arthur Trowbridge,now a distinguished geologist ; German, history, and alsoshort cultural courses on the New Testament on Sundaymornings under Ernest D. Burton, later president of theUniversity, and Shailer Mathews, dean of the DivinitySchool.During my third (senior) year I had ContemporaryProblems under the scintillating George Edgar Vincent,later president of the University of Minnesota and thenfor many years president of the Rockefeller Foundation ;advanced geology under Salisbury; plant geography under Cowles ; Influences of Geography on American His-18THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19tory under Harlan Barrows, later president of the Association of American Geographers; plant physiologyunder William Crocker, now the eminent director of theBoyce Thompson Institute. Forest Ray Moulton's Introductory Astronomy was especially enjoyed; hisbrother Harold Moulton's courses in elementary economics have proved distinctly significant to me throughout the years. The Moultons have been, as every alumnusknows, highly distinguished for many years.In addition to my teachers and their courses, severalother opportunities and activities contributed to my education. I lived in a dormitory (successively in MaroonHeights, Hitchcock, and Snell), attended practicallyevery home varsity football and basketball game, was onthe varsity cross country team for two years, played basketball on one of the college teams each year, and wascaptain of the Senior College team in 1909 when it wonthe intercollege championship. Along with manyothers were not "flush" with money, I waited tablesat the Commons for many months. Of fraternity life Ialso saw something while waiting table at one of thehouses for several months when its members includedthe captain of the varsity football team (a close friendof mine), a young man now a well-known clergyman,and one who now is one of the world's greatest astronomers. My respect for these and some others of thegroup was great enough that I regretted that financesprevented my accepting their invitation to affiliate. Ialso had some contact with campus politics, as a part ofa group which put numerous candidates into office. Inturn, I was, for a time, a member of the UniversityCouncil.CONTACTS WITH STUDENTSFinally, among the miscellaneous factors contributingto my college education, were a motley array of fellowstudents, some of them old enough to be my father,others very callow freshmen aged 16, but mostly fellowsof my own age. Several of my close friends also camefrom considerable distances, some from abroad. Theyincluded a Jew, a Negro, a Russian, a Persian, a Chinese, several southerners and a number of easterners andwesterners. Two of my close friends were musicians,two were debaters, several were athletes, a number wereexcellent students, a few, including some of the brightest, dropped out for scholastic reasons.Hence my college years afforded a wide variety of experiences, which fact adds significance to any conclusionsas to their relative importance.As I look back on my college years, I am grateful foreach of many influences, non-scholastic as well as scholastic. There is no question however that I was mostinfluenced by some of my teachers, especially their characters, (including their philosophies of life), their industry, their desire to help not only their kin and friends,but all mankind, including immature, crude lads.The facts and theories that the teachers expoundedcounted for less than their enthusiasm for the truth anddesire to find new truth ; their delivery and techniqueweighed far less than their earnestness and industry;their reputations had little effect; what seemed important was their background of experience and their op- Stephen S. Visher, '09, PhD '15,is known to many alumni. He hasbeen a willing and able worker forthe University in Bloomington,where he is Professor of Geographyand Geology at Indiana University.His previous contributions to theMagazine have been his analysesof American Men of Science notingthe position achieved by University scientists.timistic forward view and especially their attitude toward me. Those few who were pessimistic or were"marking time" or shirking their responsibility to us students repelled. Those who most helped were those whoby example and actions indicated that they felt that theirwork and students were decidedly worth-while. I was andam grateful to those who showed the efficacy and "fun" ofhard work and the exhilaration afforded by the discoveryof new knowledge and of effectively sharing it. Severalinstilled appreciation for the value of sustained enthusiasm for — and continued effort to attain — worthy objectives, and of an active appreciation of others.Certain remarks by men whom I had come to respectdeeply had particular influence in helping to convinceme that I too could make worth-while contributions. Forinstance, recollection of Professor Boynton's praise ofsome thoughtful summaries has encouraged me repeatedlyto attempt and to improve such summaries. Similarly,Salisbury's and Cowles' frank appreciation of my powersof observation and deduction greatly encouraged improvement in these respects.College moulded my life profoundly. I entered withonly a vague idea as to how I should spend my life ; hadseen little of the world ; had read relatively little. I left,the day I graduated, to take a position at the CarnegieDesert Laboratory in Arizona, not yet sure just what Iwould do as a life work, but knowing how I would work— I would follow the example set by the teachers whohad influenced me most : persistently seek the truth inwhatever places opportunity afforded, think as penetratingly as possible of the significance of my findings andof those of many other workers, and earnestly endeavorto present the conclusions in a way that they would beas widely helpful as possible.Thus, I am deeply appreciative of the excellence ofthe educational opportunities which were mine at Chicago. But as fine as they were, I believe that the present opportunities at Chicago are even better. My knowledge of numerous other colleges and of present dayChicago, partly by way of a daughter and others I encouraged to attend, supports the belief that the presentChicago faculty includes as relatively many stimulating,enthusiastic teachers, and that present Chicago studentshave comparatively even more encouragement to makethe most of their special abilities and interests. In brief,what I have learned during recent years has convincedme that the University of Chicago continues to afforddistinctly superior college opportunities.ADVISERS— EVERYWHERE• By BARBARA COOK DUNBAR, '32SIX hundred eighty-four strong, they're doctors, lawyers, merchants, chiefs ; male and female ; singleand married; old and young; sprinkled over 46states (at the moment we ignore Rhode Island andNorth Carolina) as unsymmetrically as the rainspots ona new hat. They are called regional advisers. They areloyal alumni working earnestly at the job of interpretingthe University to the nation. Their primary job is to tellprospective students about the University. The by-products of their work are tremendous. They represent theUniversity in small towns, large cities, schools, andhomes. They are equipped to discuss their alma materin the principal's office or over after-dinner coffee.Until 1927 the University of Chicago had no organization among its alumni which could be compared withthe volunteer groups in other universities active in student promotion. 'Nov did we have anything which couldcompete with the paid representatives of some collegeswho travel around the country drafting prospective students for their institutions. But the steady trickle ofnames received by the Admissions Office at the University showed that here and there an interested alumnuswas taking the trouble to see that some student was informed of the University. The idea of cementing theseisolated alumni into an active organization graduallytook shape.In 1927 the seniors who belonged to the Owl andSerpent honor society made an attempt to interest theiralumni in rushing prospective students. They cooperatedin taking care of students who wished to visit thecampus. In 1928 Kenneth Rouse, '28, captain of the1927 football team, stepped in as Assistant to the Secretary. His job was student promotion. The organization was somewhat broadened and his high school visitations constituted the first real canvassing for interestedprospects. In 1930 the Regional Advisers were suggested. They were to be alumni in various centers whowould do the job of canvassing themselves. But the depression was on and the project never got under way.In 1933 Keith Parsons, '33, JD'37, took over the job.He approached the senior class at the University andformed an organization which was known as the "Leaders for '39." Although the efforts of the alumni themselves were casual, the members of the group showedsuch enthusiasm that they formed their own alumni organization the next year and sponsored several fraternityrushing parties.The Regional Adviser organization has grown biggerand healthier since then, but it is still in the developmentstage. Considerable progress has been made since thedays when Keith Parsons and a secretary had one typewriter, used a single filing cabinet for correspondencefrom a couple of hundred alumni who had offered theirservices. A shot in the arm was administered by theAlumni Committee on Information and Development.They furnished both funds and a permanent staff, and suggested centering the activities of the Regional Advisersin the Alumni office under the direction of the AlumniSecretary. And so the Regional Advisers climbed to thefourth floor and joined the Alumni Council in Cobb 403.Neil Sammons, '17, and Harold J. (Kitty) Gordon, '17,turned their energies in its direction. President Hutchins sent invitations to several hundred alumni askingthem to enlist in the work. The sages predicted that,since most of our alumni were wrapped up in business,babies, baseball, and bacilli, a 10% acceptance would bemore than satisfactory. The Alumni Secretary's eyesbulged and the sages retired as the amazing crop of acceptances swelled the percentage to 56.Howard Hudson, '35, joined the staff as Mr. Beck'sassistant and hired a secretary to devote her entiretime to handling the names that poured in. When hebecame Assistant Director of the Fiftieth AnniversaryCelebration, Jack Bracken, '37, stepped into his shoes.The present staff consists of Secretary Beck, Tom Leonard, '39 (who replaced Jack Bracken), who heads themen, and Phil Baker Berwanger, '38, who is in chargeof the women.As the files filled up with the names of interestedalumni eager to serve the University it was realizedthat the weedlike growth of responsibilities would haveto be delegated. The Chicago area, and a few of thelarger cities elsewhere, is broken down into districtseach of which has its own chairman. The chairmanshares the duty of keeping the people on his committeeinformed of events going on at the University and relaystheir suggestions to the Alumni office. Once or twicea year he calls a meeting of his district and plans aremade for future campaigns.Carrying on the job of the Owl and Serpent boys area group of BWOC and BMOC ("leading students" toyou who've forgotten), billed officially as the StudentPublicity Board, and united in the cause of studentpromotion. Their accomplishments in supplying onscant notice attractive undergraduates as Exhibits A, B,C, and D for visiting prospects, and as tour leaders parexcellence, are little short of miraculous (as you willappreciate if you've ever tried to track down JaneStudent between 9 and 5). Martin J. Freeman, EntranceCounsellor, and Leon P. Smith, Dean of Students inthe College, have been godfathers since the beginning,"johnny on the spot" at every crucial moment and supplying the constructive criticism and experience everygrowing body needs.In addition to general correspondence dealing withindividual questions and problems, the Regional Advisershave received literature of all sorts from the University.They were included in a mailing list which has furnishedthem with the Embree Report, New Stars in The Scientific Firmament, among other pamphlets. But still dissatisfied, the "powers-that-be" two years ago producedtheir own house organ called Flagstones. Designed as20THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21an informal, last minute campus news digest to bring thereaders closer to the life of the University, it breezilycovers the campus and the Regional Adviser field as well."Lucy," of "Lucy's Line A Day," figuratively joined itseditorial staff last spring to bring to us her diary ofcampus life. (Just in case you haven't heard, Lucy isreally Betsy Kuh, a sophomore this year, who breathlessly beats her deadline by a mere hour or two to bringPhil Baker up to date on her month's activities.)In order to bring the Advisers even closer to theUniversity the first Regional Adviser Conference becamepart of the Alumni Reunion Week Program in 1938.This has now become a yearly function which in its gallery of speakers includes a dazzling array of features, notthe least famous of which belong to President Hutchins,Harold Swift, Paul Hoffman, Clarence Randall, Paul S.Russell, Clifton Utley, William Benton and Alumni DeanLaing. Scrambled eggs and strawberries have a definitelure, but these men have shown since the beginning theirdesire to cooperate with the organization. However, lastJune the glamour of our undergraduate speakers madeserious inroads on the popularity of our o'ther speakers.It proved to be an excellent feature of the program, forthe students talked about various aspects of campusactivities which gave the Advisers an opportunity to seea cross-section of life at the University. Mill RoadFarm provided the Trustees with the perfect inspiration and the movie-like setting for their Regional AdviserOpen House this spring on the Sunday of the Conferenceweek-end. Forgetting for the moment the serious business of student promotion some 150 Advisers spent theafternoon at this beautiful estate.When Adviser John Smith recommends Nancy Jones tothe University as a possible undergraduate the job is byno means over. Only the first step has been taken. WhenNancy's name comes into the Alumni office a card ismade up in duplicate stating all the information theAdviser has given about her interests, her scholastic record, her outside activities, etc. A copy of this is sentto Martin Freeman who writes to her and sees shereceives information designed to appeal to her as anindividual.If Nancy and her Adviser are "out-of-towners" theyare handicapped by the fact that they don't have access tothe campus. It takes a certain amount of ingenuity on thepart of the alumnus to interest Nancy in the University.Mr. Smith may follow the example of an Adviser fromFort Wayne who recommends that selected high schoolstudents be invited to the dinner of local alumni, inher town. The generosity of one of the alumni, whopaid for their dinner, enabled them to entertain some46 prize students. Questionnaires revealed eleven vitallyinterested in coming to Chicago, and fourteen alumniwho were eager to help with the campaign for studentpromotion in Fort Wayne. Or Mr. Smith might takea tip from an Adviser in Danville who had a meeting inher home and arranged for an undergraduate from theUniversity to be present to answer questions aboutcampus life and activities at Chicago. He might availhimself of the information, sent him by the Alumni officetelling what students from the University live in histown. Occasionally, our out-of-towners tell us appetizing tales of fried chicken picnics with a helping of Barbara Cook, '32, wasan undergraduate leaderat the University. A member of Sigma, she wasactive in mirror and socialaffairs. After leaving theUniversity she was a styleconsultant for the ButterickCo. for several years. NowMrs. James H. Dunbar, Jr.,"Bardy" has been an enthusiastic worker in making a success of the Regional Advisers.Chicago enthusiastically served up by undergraduateshome on vacation. Sunday night teas with slides of theUniversity, or just a Cap and Gown,, with Nancy andher friends as honored guests might do the trick. Anespecially entrprising Adviser from Houston arrangedto have the outstanding students from seven high schoolsmeet President Hutchins when he spoke at a localalumni dinner.If Mr. Smith and Nancy live in Chicago or its suburbsthere are numerous ways of giving Nancy a first-handglimpse of what the University has to offer. Nancy isinterested in drama, her brother in physics. She mayattend shows put on by the Dramatic Association"Workshop" and will be taken back-stage to see theundergraduates at work on the scenery wiring, costumes.He may visit a physical science lecture, or be takenthrough the laboratories or talk with the professors inthe physics department about his future needs. OrNancy may lean towards a career in Social Service, andher brother wants to major in Philosophy.To supplement the regularly scheduled tours, theappointments with faculty members, and the programsplanned around invidiuals, the Advisers in the Chicagoarea rally regularly >to all sorts of entertainment arrangedfor their prospects. And here is where the fun comesin ; for any Grade A Regional Adviser will tell you thatsome form of entertainment is the piece de resistanceof the whole program.The energy, enthusiasm and cooperation of these 684Regional Advisers have not failed to show results. Wehesitate to quote figures, for we can't forget the suspicion of statistical proof ingrained in our undergraduatesouls. But we can't fail to point with pardonable prideto the figure of Uy2% of the 1938 Freshman studentswhose attendance was credited specifically to theRegional Advisers. This percentage has been increasing,and although this article is released before final tabulations for 1940-41 are announced, by all present indications it looks as though the Advisers have hit a newhigh. Harold Swift, after his scientifically exhaustiveinvestigation of the results of the program this springwrites to Neil Sammons — "The sum total of opinion isan enthusiastic and entirely satisfactory approval of yourwork." As for the quality of students, President Hutchinsanswered this question when he said : "The students whocome to the University because of the work of theRegional Advisers are the best students that we receive."NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLES• By BERN LUNDY, '37LATE that night, forty-nine years ago, the stockyyoung man leaned back tiredly on the settee. Theeyes behind the thick glasses plainly showed thefatigue of more than a year's exhausting work. "Iwonder if there will be a single student there tomorrow,"he said to the Dean.There was reason for wondering. The press and thepeople of America had not been unanimously optimisticabout the new University of Chicago. Though President Harper had confidently predicted that within tenyears the University's enrollment might equal Yale's orHarvard's, (it exceeded them within four years) othershad been less sanguine. "Harper's Bazaar," the wits haddubbed the new university. The Chicago Inter-Oceanquoted the Boston Post : "A new university at Chicago— of all places in the world — is rather a startling schemeon its face. . . . The objects which the new universitypurposes to attain are so vaguely stated that detailedcriticism would be rather premature. It is said that someof the most prominent educators in the country havefully indorsed the undertaking, which seems to show thatit is under wise direction. But even admitting this, it isdifficult to see where the necessity for such an institution,standing by itself, exists. Any good results to flowfrom it could have been secured by cooperation withsome existing university like Harvard or Yale, and farmore satisfactory than they can be on an entirely independent basis. It can not be too often repeated that endowment and buildings can never take the place oftraditions — to say nothing of the substantial advantages— which cluster around our older seats of learning."President Harper's fears were groundless. On thefollowing morning, Dean Judson later wrote, "At half-past eight the bells sounded, the professors were in theirclassrooms, notices of the classes had been posted onthe bulletin boards, the classes were in their places, andthe exercises proceeded smoothly throughout the morning." Seven hundred and forty-two students, fromthirty-three states and fifteen foreign countries, were enrolled during that first year, under the tutelage of afaculty numbering 120.ENROLLMENT UPPassionately convinced as he was of the wisdom ofhis innovations, President Harper was nevertheless fearful of their impact upon the enrollment that year — orany year, for that matter. But the pioneering seemedto pay dividends.Repercussions of one of its most recent pioneeringventures are still audible— at least from some quarters— as the University opens its Fiftieth Anniversary sessions. There has been apprehension in some quartersof the effect of the abandonment of football on this year'senrolment. The incomplete figures available as we goto press show a slight increase over last year's attend ance. A decrease has been noted at several other U. S.universities.The bright-eyed freshman and the slightly more sedate three-quarter students who flocked to the Quadrangles for the fiftieth Anniversary sessions foundtwelve new courses — mostly relating to national defense— and a faculty strengthened by the addition of morethan 75 instructors. The appointments of David F.Cavers, John P. Wilson, Visiting Professor of Law;Robert J. Havighurst, Professor of Education and Secretary of the Committee on Human Development; andWilbur K. Jordan, Associate Professor of History andGeneral Editor of the University Press, were mentionedin last year's issues of the Magazine. Other new facultymembers include Horace R. Byers, Associate Professorof Meterorology, and Charles R. Buckley, Assistant inthe Music Department.ANNIVERSARY ACTIVITIESA commemorative Chapel Service October 8th markedformal inauguration of the Fiftieth Anniversary Year.Broadcast over a number of Chicago stations, theprogram began at noon, when the academic processionleft Ida Noyes Hall and proceeded to the Chapel. Ledby President Hutchins and members of the Board ofTrustees, the procession included more than 275 Citizen Sponsors of the Fiftieth Anniversary celebration anda number of other distinguished Chicagoans, the alumnicouncil, and campaign workers.The Chapel was already filled with members of theUniversity community when the procession enteredand the choir burst into "Nostra Universitas." DeanGilkey's impressive invocation was followed by responsive reading of Psalm 90 and a short hymn by the choir.President Hutchins then rose and delivered the address.Following the President's speech, Dean Gilkey ledthe audience in the doxology; a benediction was pronounced, and the organ filled the chapel with the recessional hymn as the leaders of the procession filed out.Frederic Woodward, Vice-President Emeritus andDirector of the Fiftieth Anniversary Celebration, washost to the guests at a luncheon in Ida Noyes following the service. The luncheon ended shortly after 2 p. m.,when the guests toured the University and visited exhibits, illustrating the University's research equipmentand its achievements, which had been arranged by theFiftieth Anniversary office.The formal opening of the Anniversary Celebration hadbeen held three months earlier, when the sponsors andthe members of the Board of Trustees had attended aluncheon at the Chicago Club July 9. The date was thefiftieth anniversary of the first meeting of the Board ofTrustees, held in the old Grand Pacific Hotel at the corner of Clarke and Adams Streets.22THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23Guest of honor and principal speaker was Edgar J.Goodspeed, Ernest D. Burton Distinguished ServiceProfessor Emeritus of Biblical and Patristic Greek.Professor Goodspeed, son of Thomas W. Goodspeed,first secretary of the Board, had studied oriental languages at Yale under Professor William Rainey Harper.He described how he had ridden to New Haven thatfall with President Harper, who in a single day formulated his much-discussed plan for the University's organization; and remarked on the generosity and idealismof the Chicago of that day."A leading Chicago business man said to me," Professor Goodspeed recalled, " 'we used to speak of ourfacilities for loading lumber, our stockyards, and ourposition as hub of a network of railroad lines. We arestill proud of those, but now we have a further pride inChicago, as the mother of science and culture, the seatof profound wisdom and learning in a new world'."Professor Goodspeed continued, "To maintain thesame position of leadership which the fund-raising campaign of 1890 instituted, the University again needs thehelp of citizens of Chicago. It devolves now upon thegrandsons of the early generous donors, as well as onall Chicagoans, to continue their philanthropy in enabling the University to push on toward its new frontiersin education and research.' "OTHER NEWS OF THE SUMMERAppropriately, the beginnings of the celebration foundanother Rockefeller in the news: David, grandson ofJohn D., received his Ph.D. degree in economics in absentia at the August Convocation. The Department ofPress Relations arranged what seems to be a "first" inorder to show the department's single copy of the Rockefeller thesis to the score of newspapermen, who allwanted to read it at the same time. Calling on the University's microfilm laboratory, the Department arrangeda special showing at which the microfilm pages wereprojected onto a screen, where all the correspondentscould read it at once. The title of the Rockefeller thesiswas "Unused Capital Resources and Waste."An all-star program of lecture-conferences has beenarranged by University College for the coming year.Among the headliners is William T. Hutchinson, associate professor of history and secretary of the CharlesR. Walgreen foundation. Mr. Hutchinson, who is prevented from winning a $1,000 teaching award everyyear only because of the non-repeat provision, is givinga series of twenty lectures on American documents, beginning with the Declaration of Independence and ending with Democracy and Depression — the late 1930's.The now-famous Hutchins- Adler course on the "GreatBooks" will meet twice weekly. Mr. Hutchins and Mr.Adler, aided by members of the philosophy department,are discussing the great works of the ancients, beginningwith Homer, on alternate Mondays and Wednesdayson the Quadrangles and downtown.Talks on democracy by 16 faculty members will alsobe available during the year through the Speakers' Bureau, according to the announcements of the Bureau,just issued. NATIONAL DEFENSE MEASURESThe University's activity in cooperating with the National Defense Program ranges from a course in Portugese, offered this year by University College, to thenew Institute of Meteorology. Cooperation with theDefense program is now coordinated by the University'sCouncil on National Defense, formed in July underVice-president Emery T. Filbey to prepare for any governmental requests for cooperation. Included in the program are: the Institute of Meteorology, training army,navy, weather-bureau and lay personnel ; an expandedpilot-training program with new planes and a new airport; and courses in ballistics, fundamentals of rifle-shooting, and basic military training.Under the Council's aegis the university's flight training work (under the Civil Aeronautics Board) has beenexpanded, with the removal of the course to the Lansing Airport, just this side of the Indiana state line —fourteen miles from the University. The enlarged instructional corps will give not only elementary trainingleading to the private pilot's license, but further advancedwork including blind flying. Cooperation with the Museum of Science and Industry and Illinois Institute ofTechnology will provide engineering instruction in advanced courses. The University's air fleet now totals10 planes — eight trainers and 2 advanced training planes.Last Autumn 350 students applied for admission tothe first flight course. Of these 30 were admitted, and27 received their license. Another course begun in thespring has turned out an additional 30 aviators.INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGYAn anonymous donor made possible the establishmentof the Institute of Meteorology which opened this fallon the Quadrangles. It will be directed by C. G. Rossby,originator of the "Rossby diagrams" and leading exponent of the air-mass theory of cyclonic movements, andwill train army, navy, and air students as well as weatherbureau personnel and laymen. Thirty fellowship students have already been assigned by the services and theweather bureau.Dr. Rossby will be assisted by H. R. Byers, nowmeteorologist in charge of air mass research for theWeather Bureau; Professor Leppard, of the geographydepartment, Professor Ference of the physics department, and three other meteorologists, whose names havenot yet been announced, to conduct classes and do research.The current need for advanced training in meteorologysupports the argument that "pure" research is far-sighted practicality; the cosmic ray research carried onthroughout the world by University trained men willaid the meteorology program: balloons, spectrographsand radio signals, already employed in cosmic ray research, will aid the study of the upper atmosphere. Inaddition, Arthur Holly Compton will conduct a coursein Theoretical Mechanics, while Mr. Lemon will givecourses in Molecular Physics and Heat; ProfessorsDempster, Leppard, and Zachariasen, respectively experts on isotopes, cartography and crystallography willgive allied courses.Gilbert A. Bliss, Martin A. Ryerson Distinguished24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEService Professor and Chairman of the Department ofMathematics, is conducting a course on exterior ballisticsthis quarter.Dr. Bliss who served at the Aberdeen (Maryland)artillery proving grounds during the first World War,sees his course performing a twofold job: understanding and perfecting ballistics theory; and enabling ordinance officers to use the theory conveniently and rapidlyin the field — in other words to make the officer mosteffective with a minimum of time and effort.New military developments have tremendously complicated the science. Before the last war guns were seldom elevated higher than 20 degrees ; elevations of from40 to 45 degrees are now common. Anti-aircraft firing isfurther complicated, since the shell should hit the objective not only at the end of its trajectory but at any pointalong it. Bombing presents the same problem as that ofa shell released from the apex of its trajectory.Another practical result from pure research : the methods of integration used in exterior ballistics grew out ofthe astronomical mathematics employed in computingthe orbits of planets.Ballistics training is in the University tradition; during the last war, when Professor Bliss was stationed inMaryland, Professors Moulton and MacMillan were inWashington, working on new theories of ballistics. Following the war, six or more army officers annuallystudied with Professor Moulton. Both Professor Blissand his colleague, Professor Reid, who will collaboratein the course, are consulted by artillery experts in theSixth Corps Area.RIFLE TRAINING AND INFORMAL DRILLInformal training will be offered to students in thefundamentals of rifle shooting and in basic infantry training.Under Russ Wiles, coach of the University Rifle Cluband former international .22 champion, students willlearn safe handling of rifles and firing of the weaponfrom various positions.A 12-week basic military course will be conducted bythe Fort Sheridan 1940 Special Battalion C.M.T.C. Association. It will provide training in new infantry drillregulations, rifle marksmanship, first aid, map work,calisthenics, elementary tactics and execution of tacticalproblems.The work is designed to prepare men for appointmentas non-commissioned officers and help their chance ofbecoming candidates for officers' training schools if theyenlist or are drafted, according to Tom R. Wyles of theMilitary Training Camps Association.SUMMER QUARTER CONFERENCESThirteen conferences and six workshops featured theSummer quarter which like the Fall quarter showed aslight registration increase. Conference pronouncementsmade news :H^ Louis Wirth, at League College: "Don't be a socialscience teacher if you do not have guts. Prepare to behaunted by the persecution not only of the majority,but of the vigorous minority. Have some self-respect andcourage. If you are not willing to deal with controversial issues, teach arithmetic."1f J. Fred Rippy, at the Harris Foundation Institute: "No conqueror has ever subdued and held in subjectionfor long such a vast area as Hitler has dominated. Butit would be dangerous to rely on history's repeating itself; no conqueror ever possessed such a war machine,and such instruments of terror."5[ Paul B. Diederich, at the Conference on Reading:"We have relied on literature to educate people to theextent of more than half of the usual high school and college program, yet no one in the whole wide world knowswhat it does to people, except to prepare them for further reading. No one even knows how to find out."1[ Ivor A. Richards, basic-English scholar, at the Reading Conference : "The pity is that as the fields of knowledge spread wider, ever further out beyond the normalhuman requirements, our cultivation of the central portion of the language gets poorer. We make our. pupilsread more and more, and worse and worse. If wecould make them read a little, well, their verbal I. Q. andall the rest would be changed."% And from Dr. Ralph W. Gerard's new book, Unresting Cells, the first chapter of which ran in the JanuaryMagazine, "The human body is composed of about onedollar's worth of the same chemicals that are found inthe dandelion. It does seems disappointing that so muchof our precious selves is plebeian. But the dandelion iscommon because it is so successful. Judged by almostany technical criterion, the dandelion stands out at theadvanced tip of plant evolution."Notes for a Dilettante(Continued from Page 17)little importance, because once such experiences havetaken shape in the memory the difference between realand imaginary experiences rapidly fade away. How often have we confused a scene in a book read long agowith an incident in our own lives, being unable to tellwhether it was fact or fiction.Now this is not my definition of art or literature, butit is one definition, and though it leaves out a great dealit does correspond to what happens when many peopleread. It enables us at least to see one function of literature as that of emancipating man from the limitation ofhis own limited life-pattern so that he becomes a morecomplex and inclusive person. As a more complex andinclusive person he is in a better position to exercise hisreason on the objects that seem to him worth exercisingreason on. He has to a large extent freed himself fromthe problem of Descartes' stove, the problem of the unmarried philosopher, of the life of pure contemplation,of the ivory tower, or however else you want to expressthe situation of the philosopher who thinks but doesn'tknow enough. If wide reading in imaginative literaturewere an essential preliminary to any course in philosophywe might have better readers and better philosophers;But to study philosophy before literature is to put thecart before the horse and risk stultifying both. For literature helps to create an approximation to the CompleteMan who alone in seeking to rationalize his prejudiceshas a chance of arriving at Truth. The function of literature, in fact, is to allow us to make a virtue of necessity without violating truth.ATHLETICS• By DON MORRIS, '36ORE than anything else, the hundred or soalumni who crusaded down to South Bend tosee the Old Man's new team play footballwanted him to win his fifth straight victory over theIrish. (The other games were, as he put it, "back in theother century.") They wanted it, and for a whilethought they had it. The third quarter, after CoachStagg's outfit had led in the first and dropped to a 7 to 7tie at the half, brought the beginning of a score disadvantage. It was 25 to 7 at the gun. Foolhardy itwould be to try to convince the hardy hundred that therewas a real defeat at South Bend.And no less foolhardy would it have been to try totell a bunch of boys on the Midway earlier in the weekthat there is no more football on the Old Man's field.There is more, football on Stagg Field in 1940 than everbefore. The fact that playing direction has been switchedto run parallel with the West Stand, so that two gamescan be played simultaneously where only one was playedbefore, lends emphasis to the statement. The play wasnorth-and-south when in 1899 a championship Staggteam dealt Notre Dame its fourth defeat in four meetings(the first, in Tattersall's in 1893, - was the first indoorgame in the West) . Today that goes double. There areso many goal posts on the field that a drop-kicker can'thelp clipping one of them.There's a football game or two on Stagg Field everyday, according to th$ revitalized Yancy T. Blade, unshakable Maroon hanger-on. He figures it like this:Monday — intramural touch football games. Tuesday —"Quadrangle football" games. Wednesday — more touchfootball games. Thursday — more touch football games.Friday — "Quadrangle football" games again. Saturday— high school games. Sunday — high school and junior-college games. Blade, who this summer got so heppedup he chinned himself seventeen times, totals this at tento fourteen games a week, without a doubt the most football at any institution in the country. The question,he says, is, can the grass take it?Big news in the situation is the nature of Quadranglefootball. Touch football has been a going concern andgetting more popular for several seasons, and presumablyhigh school football is an open book. Interested in thebig news, however, some forty boys turned out at themeeting which was held to decide, at the start of thequarter, and Quadrangle football turned out to be six-man football.Six-man football is not different from eleven-man football in several respects. It involves blocking and tacklingand regulation equipment, coaching, and medical care.It is not a game for namby-pambies. The rules in manyinstances are the same. The differences, however, areenlightening and significant. The field is eighty yardsby forty, and a team must gain fifteen yards in fourdowns. In addition to the pass from center, one pass isrequired per play : that is, even if the ball is to be carriedin a running play, the man receiving the ball from center must lateral or shovel or otherwise throw the ball toanother player, who then may run with the ball. Threemen are required on the offensive line of scrimmage, butshifting is unlimited. Substitution is unlimited. A forward pass is permitted at any point behind the line ofscrimmage, and every man is eligible to receive.All this makes the game faster and more wide-openthan regular football. It is, as Kyle Anderson says, football without the drudgery of guards and tackles. It isfootball with every player a backfield man. Kyle, veteranvarsity backfield coach, Nelson Norgen, head freshmancoach in other years, and Paul Derr, also a member oflast year's staff, are supervising the six-man Quadrangle football program.One other set of differences may be noted before leaving the technical aspects of six-man football. A fieldgoal scores four points. A touchdown conversion drop-kicked or place-kicked scores two points. Touchdownsare still rated at six points and a conversion by runningstill counts one ; the six-man rules obviously place a considerably greater premium on kicking.Proof that the six-man game can be played by Midwaylightweights as well as heavies lies in the fact that theturnout includes two boys who have never played collegefootball for every one who has.Incidentally the schedule of high school games to beplayed on Stagg Field includes the names of some of thetop-ranking public and Catholic high school teams inChicago plus three games, played as doubleheaders withhigh school contests, by four junior colleges. TildenTech, rated one of the best in the city, opened the 1940card, meeting Lindblom on September 28. Other leading prep teams listed are: Mt. Carmel, Fenwick, Leo,St. Rita, The junior college games are Wilson vs. LaSalle, Wilson vs. Burlington, and Wilson vs. Wright.Consultation of the registration records, by the way,show that these athletes, including football players, havereturned to the -Quadrangles this fall in a ratio of 6 to 1,contrary to the predictions of certain blues singers.Whatever the progress of Quadrangle football on theMidway, other sports look to produce better records thanlast year, when, it must be recalled, Chicago lost two BigTen championships, water pool and tennis, retaining onlyfencing. Coach Ned Merriam looks for a cross-countryteam of improved caliber ; yachting, new last spring, willcontinue until ice begins to form on the binnacle of thegood ship Alpha, Prospects for the other intercollegiateprograms look good because of a highly respectable degree of scholastic eligibility among last year's crop ofcompetent freshmen.The summer months saw the University's rifle rangeunder the wrest stand at Stagg Field doubled in size ; assport and potentially as a national defense adjunct, ashort course in marksmanship will begin November 5under Coach Russell Wiles. Instruction in elementaryprinciples and the prone, sitting, kneeling, and standingpositions will occupy five successive class hours.2526 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEWhy I m for Roosevelt (Continued from Page 13)or more, and the number of experts employed hasincreased in city, state and nation. It has been a compelling need not a result of anyone's particular theories.It would seem, however, from reading the statements ofsome leaders and some journalists that it is reprehensibleto consult the person who knows.Naturally enough, projection of the government intomany fields hitherto untouched meant employment ofthousands of people. In the United States we have veryslowly built up a group of professionally prepared government employees to draw upon when a great need facesus. In such a situation the government must go out andtake what it can get, and a President of the UnitedStates is in no position to superintend the employment ofevery senographer, clerk, or minor supervisor. Since ina democracy politics will always play a part, some of theinconvenient and reprehensible methods of politics willaffect appointments. The early Roosevelt administration was no exception to this. No administration hasbeen an exception.If one, however, is to look upon the Roosevelt administration, whether in its early days or now, in its largeraspects without noting those inevitable weaknesses whichappear in every administration, one will find that therewas, and is, an intelligent effort to effect social andeconomic reforms which are necessary for this day andfor the purpose of correcting the abuses which have arisenin our midst. Since the crash of 1932 revealed abusesand corruption in our economic life, there had to besomeone in the White House with courage, social vision,and energy to combat those forces in American life thatheld economic power and that had no other desire thanto use that power for purely selfish ends.Some may say that Mr. Roosevelt's attitude towardscertain groups in the business field has been unnecessarilysevere and inimical, but we must never forget that in histime it was in the business field that the reforms had tobe effected. In one case alone, in the matter of the utilities, I have personally known the incorrigible attitudeof the leaders in that group since the days of the firstRoosevelt, when that president sought, to put throughmild and very reasonable reforms. The attitude shownby these leaders at that time and through Mr. Wilson'stime was not only selfish, completely lacking in publicspirit, but unpatriotic to the last degree.We talk of dictators today and their methods, but here,operating behind the scenes, was a group of men who.outclassed in their methods not only .the Bourbons butthe better known figures in the European field of thepresent; in other fields of business and industry therewere like figures. Many reasonable men in business andindustry today are willing to deplore the insidious operations of these groups. It will, however, take a long timefor the public to forget men who completely subvertedthe democratic process in the past. What a farce it is toobserve their concern for democracy today! It is perfectly human for any of us whether teacher, lawyer,doctor or businessman to resent and resist reform fromwithout, but there come occasions when that methods isthe only feasible means. It has been charged that Mr. Roosevelt has been areckless spender of the public money, but, even to thisday, there has been no sizeable group in Congress oroutside of Congress that has been willing to be specificin pointing out in a comprehensive way what expenditures should be lopped off. True, indeed, there havebeen suggestions for economy here and there but thesewould affect but little the general size of the public debt.The general attitude of approval by many of these groupsfor the huge amounts now being spent on armamentsraises at once the question if these people have any carefor human needs at all or any concern in aiding wholeclasses of people wholly or in part outside of the pale ofthe benefits which American life should give.Sweeping reforms of the nature which the Rooseveltadministration sought to bring about could not be broughtabout without the expenditure of large funds, could notbe brought about except by the expenditure of largefunds on the part of that agency, the government,which is the only agency which can act in a universalway in times of emergency. It was a wise and greatphilosopher of the 13th century, Thomas Aquinas, whosaid that no one is entitled to a surplus beyond his needswhen other people are starving. It has been singularlycharacteristic under the Roosevelt administration that theunfortunate man, the man oppressed by the greatest ofall tyrants, lack of the mere necessities of living, has beenthe primary concern of a national administration. Wasthis attitude wrong? Were all these reforms of the lastseven years wrong? The present candidate for presidentof the Republican party does not think so. He hasendorsed almost in toto the whole New Deal.Why then do not some of us support him? First,because his past record shows him to have been amongthose groups who have opposed reforms which he nowendorses. Secondly, because large numbers of those nowsupporting him and high in the counsels of his party,do not like these reforms, have opposed these reforms,and either tacitly or otherwise wish their repeal. Whenthey say that they w\sh a change in the National LaborRelations Act, in all honesty, they do not wish a change,they wish a complete repeal. When they wish reform inthe Social Security system, particularly of unemploymentinsurance, they do not merely want a change, they wishto undermine the whole system. Mr. Willkie has thevigorous support of many men who want this countryto put itself into reverse and to speed back to the conditions of 1928 and 1929. No advocate of anarchisticviolence could more readily bring about destructive revolution than these people if they had their way.Mr. Roosevelt has never said or would not say thathe is the one indispensable man this time for the presi^dency. Many of us, however, would say that consideringthe Republican candidate and some of his ardent supporters that Mr. Roosevelt is the indispensable man inthis present contest.There are some who conscientiously and others merelylooking for issues who oppose Mr. Roosevelt's runningfor a third term. These people are far more timorousTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27than the Founding Fathers of this republic at the consti-tional convention in Philadelphia in 1787. The delegatesat that time refused to put any limit on the terms of apresident for fear that the times might require a thirdterm for certain presidents, but above all, that it wouldplace upon the free choice of the American people anunnecessary check. President Washington refused athird term, not, be it noted, on the theory that third termswere always bad, but simply on the basis that the timesdid not require that he serve a third term. He was,however, quite specific in recognizing that there. wouldperhaps in the future be times when a third term wouldbe necessary.Dictators are not made by third terms. Dictators aremade by situations in which minority groups in thepopulation refuse to recognize and bring about necessaryreforms, mainly in economic life. There are men nowsupporting Mr. Willkie who could bring dictatorship toAmerica with greater speed than any third term couldbring it. Students of American government do not fearthe third term for a publicly elected official who is thechoice of the majority of the people, but they fearWhy I'm for Willkie (Continued from Page 12)not observe in the record of Candidate Roosevelt, andbecause I have confidence that Wendell Willkie has thesincerity, integrity, initiative and leadership to developand administer programs of action to deal constructivelywith these major issues.As I see it, the major issues confronting us are:( 1 ) preservation of democracy and the rebirth among ourcitizenry of a new hope and faith which will replace thecynicism and disillusionment of the past eight years;(2) national defense; and (3) economic recovery.Though the present emergency issue is national defensethere is, however, little point to national defense if thedemocracy we seek to defend is to be destroyed eitherby the process of achieving that defense, or by the disintegration of personal integrity and faith in our systemof government. A belief in democracy and a willingnessto assume the responsibilities that democracy imposes arealso necessary to the revival of business and employment,and are conditions of any effective program of nationaldefense.Democracy is not merely a matter of elections, legislative bodies, courts, and administrative officials. Theseare but machinery and processes. The essence of democracy is a spiritual, moral matter— a passionate belief inthe dignity, integrity and freedom of the individualcitizen, a respect for the right of each citizen to life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness. The democraticway of life is not an easy escape from something hardor disagreeable to be attained at other people's expense ;it is not only freedom from, but also freedom to ; it imposes a positive responsibility for self-reliance; faith inand respect for one's self and others; its price is "toiland sacrifice" as well as eternal vigilance. It is no historical accident that political democracy and a system mightily the rule by hidden oligarchs who do not holdpublic office and who bear no political responsibility, butwho operate behind the scenes for their own specialinterests despite the needs of society at large.It should definitely be remembered that Mr. Rooseveltis the popular choice of his party for the office of President. Long before the Democratic convention met in thecity of Chicago, every public poll showed that from 70to 90 percent of the Democrats wanted him for a thirdterm. He is indeed more the popular choice of his partythan Mr. Willkie was of his. The charge that he wasnominated at a rubber stamp convention is both silly andmalicious unless one means that the delegates at Chicagowere a rubber stamp for the Democrats of the nation.The Republican party of the United States will oneday come into power again, but it will never gain theascendency until it ceases to be the vehicle of selfish andreactionary interests who would prevent the UnitedStates of America from assuming its rightful place asthe leading nation of the world, not only in technicaland commercial progress, but as the exemplar of socialand economic justice as well.of free competition based on private property developedsimultaneously; each is necessary to the preservation ofthe other, and anything which destroys one must inevitably undermine the other. Candidate Willkie gets myvote because he shares my enthusiasm for democracy.He has demonstrated to my satisfaction that he not onlyunderstands democracy but that he believes in it and hasa burning zeal to protect and preserve it. Yet he isclearly cognizant of and does not underestimate the forcesat work, both at home and abroad, which seek to destroy.For that reason he vigorously supports those elementsin the New Deal program that represent an approachto constructive reforms.Because Candidate Willkie supports these liberal elements in the New Deal he has been characterized as a"miniature Roosevelt"; less forthright persons reflectupon their own integrity rather than Willkie's by questioning his sincerity. Willkie is not, as many say,running on President Roosevelt's platform; Willkie isrunning on the 1932 Democratic platform — a platformeloquently presented by Candidate Roosevelt, but whichPresident Roosevelt, as demonstrated by his record,neither believed in nor understood.The New Deal is, despite certain notable and praiseworthy reforms, a sustained orgy of measures establishedto promote and protect monopoly advantages for minoritygroups. Cases in point are: N.R.A., A.A.A., TheGuffey-Snyder Coal Act, the Walsh-Healy Act; the"prevailing wage" provisions in the public works program ; Fair Labor Standards Act ; National Labor Relations Act. The re-discovery of the Sherman Anti-TrustAct, and the antics of T.N.E.C. are, in the face of thepositive monopoly program of the Roosevelt administration, no more than dessicated red herrings designed to28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEdistract the guardians of democracy. Nobody that understands democracy and the essential elements of a freecontract system of economic organization would use thepower of government to promote and protect monopolyprivileges for minority groups. Such action has undermined the moral standards essential both to a democraticsociety and to a recovery of business and employment.The public morals essential to a democratic .societyhave been further undermined by the class or grouphatreds engendered by the New Deal, and by the falsehopes which it has put into the heads of a considerablepart of the electorate that votes for Roosevelt are a substitute for toil and sweat ; and that democracy is a matterof getting through the vote special privileges which entailno personal obligations. The depth of this sort of moraldegredation is reflected in the fact that millions of votersare effectively organized to preserve W.P.A. as a career!Democracy is further threatened with destruction bythe third term candidacy of President Roosevelt. Hiscapacity to make every issue, however commonplace, an"emergency" is merely another way of building up hisindispensability. All the arguments that have ever beenadvanced against more than two terms are pertinent toprecisely the issue presented by the candidacy of President Roosevelt. Candidate Roosevelt's use of the giganticspoils system, the dependence of a large part of the population on his use of enormous treasury funds, the exigencies of foreign relations issues so largely in the handsof the President — these are precisely the matters thatmake the third term a serious threat to democracy. Itwas for just such a situation as the candidacy of Roosevelt that the third term tradition started by PresidentWashington has been preserved throughout our constitutional history. The maintenance of this tradition isessential to the maintenance of democracy.On his business recovery record it would not bepossible to find a government official more dispensablethan Candidate Roosevelt. He claims to have established"social security," and he is correct in the sense that hehas established certainty of unemployment, or at best asubsistence standard, of living for his "one-third of thepopulation ill clad, ill housed, and ill fed." We couldadvantageously dispense with that kind of "socialsecurity."That Candidate Roosevelt utterly lacks understandingof the essential nature of a free contract system is clearlyindicated by the contradictory character of his recoverymeasures. An orgy of spending intended to restore andexpand consumer goods markets, create a need for investment, entice hoarded dollars into circulation, andthus to expand employment sand. investment, has beenalmost if not quite completely neutralized by sweepingprograms to raise the cost of doing business and restrictproduction and trade, and by vicious, ill-tempered, largelypolitically inspired attacks against business. In consequence of all this, capital investment was effectivelythrottled rather than stimulated. While in all otherindustrial countries — except France, which also had aNew Deal — there was practically full recovery of business and employment, the stagnation of our economy hascontinued. Remove the New Deal cost-raising and re strictive barriers to investment, cease purely politicalharassment of business, and enterprise would soon reemploy the 10 million unemployed in the cities as wellas the 5 or 6 million people dammed up on farms, andwould soon be turning out the 100 billion dollars ofnational income which man-power and other resourcesreadily make possible.We simply cannot afford to support the candidacy ofa man who so clearly fails to understand the conditionsessential to business recovery. If we are even to attainthat real standard of living, that "American Standard,"which he talks about, if we are to make good the reformsupon which the New Deal rests its case, and if we areto get our economic order in condition to provide fornational defense by real war equipment rather than "onorder" stuff, we need as President a man who understands the conditions essential to business recovery. Iam convinced that Candidate Willkie has that understanding; that under the administration of WendellWillkie we should have full recovery of business andemployment.As I see it, President Roosevelt's administration isleading us rapidly and inevitably into war with Germany,Italy and Japan. For this I see no excuse. There mayyet be time to avoid this catastrophe, but I have no confidence that a Roosevelt administration would take advantage of any opportunities thus to act; since his "quarantine speech" of 1937 — a speech, by the way, that coincidedwith obvious evidence of the collapse of his "we plannedit that way" business recovery — President Roosevelt hasmoved us rapidly toward the brink of war. As generalRobert E. Wood has so aptly said:"You cannot have your government transfer itsequipment to foreign powers ; you cannot have yourgovernment in an unofficial alliance with a foreignpower; you cannot be a meddler in Indo-China, orberate Italy or Germany, without eventually involvingthe nation in war."I believe a majority of the people who are advocating 'aid short of war' do not desire us to enter the war.But there are others who desire us to enter the war,who are taking the necessary steps to prepare theAmerican people for participation, who would enterthe war tomorrow if they dared, who are today inpractical alliance with England, and unfortunately theyare the people who are shaping our national policytoday."I shall vote for Willkie because I think he will takeevery practicable step to keep us out of war. He mayfail — but he whTtry.Irrespective of whether or not we do get into the war,we need to look to adequate preparation for nationaldefense. For that task I have no confidence in CandidateRoosevelt. His reckless nose-thumbing has brought usto the brink of war without adequate preparation; hisfailure to promote business recovery is all the evidenceI need to make me judge that he is incapable of providingthe equipment necessary to adequate national defense.Inasmuch as I do not want this vote to be my last, Ishall vote for Wendell Willkie.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 29Madrid Speaking(Continued from Page 15)press gives the unequivocal impression of pro-Axis sentiment. Every day the ratio of news from London tothat from Berlin and Rome is about 10 to 1 in favorof the latter and there are more articles with the Berlindate line than from all other sources together. Thismorning, however, it happened that an article fromLondon shared the front page of the newspaper ABCwith one from Berlin, but between the two, a box articleentitled "The Truth In Spanish Estimation" managedwithout mentioning names, to say that German claimsshould be believed in preference to British claims whenever there was a discrepancy. On the other hand, thefrankly pro-Axis leanings of the press are not alwaysforeknown, in private conversations with Spaniards. Inno occasion are they officially disavowed. This happenedrecently in a case which gave rise to diplomatic conversations which are still going on between Spain and theforeign powers. Anglo-Spanish relations seemed tohave improved gradually smce Sir Samuel Hoare wasappointed ambassador here. At present, I understandthat important consultations are in progress over oil,cotton and wheat. Spanish acquisition of which Englandis willing to facilitate — facilitating them through thetrade agreement signed with Spain last March. Andalso, through that recent Tri-partite Agreement signedjust last month between Spain, Portugal and England.Well, this is just one recent aspect of nonsolvable andcomplicated diplomacy that one senses here in this important neutral capital.Then and Now(Continued from Page 7)meetings of the Board and of its standing committees.There are now five Honorary Trustees: Thomas E.Donnelley, Chairman of the Board of R. R. Donnelley& Sons, printers, for many years first vice-president ofthe Board ; Charles R. Holden, retired vice-president ofthe First National Bank ; Charles E. Hughes, Chief Justice of the United States ; Samuel C. Jennings, Presidentof the Columbian Bank Note Company; and Frank H.Lindsay of Milwaukee, wholesale distributor of farmimplements and machinery.The present board includes in its membership thirteengraduates of the University. Other colleges and universities represented are as follows:Yale 4 McMaster (Toronto) . . . 1Cornell . 2 Michigan 1Harvard 2 College of the City ofPrinceton 2 New York . . 1Brown 1 Pennsylvania . 1Cambridge (England).. 1 Williams College. ..... . 1Marietta College ....... 1Of the trustees who are members of college fraternities,there are four members of Alpha Delta Phi, Delta Kappa Epsilon, Delta Tau Delta, and Psi Upsilon, three members of Delta Upsilon, two of Phi Gamma Delta, andone of Phi Delta Theta.The Board includes eleven Baptists, three Congre-gationalists, three Presbyterians, two Episcopalians, oneCatholic, one Evangelical, and eleven non-members.As to occupation the trustees are classified as follows :Manufacturers ........ 6 Retired Educational Acl-Investment Bankers .... 4 ministrator and Foun-Lawyers 3 dation Executive 1Advertising 2 Educator . . 1Bankers 2 Insurance . .. 1Merchants 2 Merchant and Manufac-Real Estate 2 turer 1Capitalist 1 Mill Engineer and Execu-Retired Clergyman and tive 1University Administra- Packer 1tor 1 Printer 1Contractor 1 Utilities Executive 1The greater amount of work of the Board is donethrough its committees. During the year 1939 therewere thirteen meetings of the Board and thirty meetingsof standing committees in addition to a considerablenumber of meetings of special committees and sub-committees. Actions of the Board and its standing committees for the year 1939 are recorded in 459 pages ofminutes. The period of service of the present membersof the Board ranges all the way from two years for thenewest member to twenty-eight years for the seniormember, the average being ten years and three months.The youngest trustee is forty-one, the oldest sixty-nine,and the average age is fifty-seven.STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC., REQUIRED BY THE ACTS OF CONGRESSOF AUGUST 24, 1912, AND MARCH 3, 1933.OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE publishedmonthly through the school year at Chicago, Illinois, for October 1, 1940.County of CookState of Illinois ss*Before me, a Notary Public in and for the State and county aforesaid.personally appeared Charlton T. Beck, who having been duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is the Business Manager of THEUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE and that the following is, tothe best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the ownership,management, etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in theabove caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended by theAct of March 3, 1933, embodied in section 537, Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the reverse of this form, to wit:1. That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managingeditor and business managers are:Publisher, The Alumni Council of the University of Chicago; Editor,Charlton T. Beck, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; ManagingEditor, Reuben Frodin; Business Manager, Charlton T. Beck, Universityof Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.2. That the owner is: The Alumni Council of The University ofChicago, Chicago, Illinois (no stockholders). John Nuveen, Jr., Chairman,Charlton T. Beck, Secretary-Treasurer.3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holdersowning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages,or other securities are: None.4. That the two paragraphs next above, giving the names of the owners,stockholders, and security holders, if any, contain not only the list ofstockholders and security holders as they appear upon the books of thecompany but also, in cases where the stockholder or security holder appearsupon the books of the company as trustee or in any other fiduciaryrelation, the name of the person or corporation for whom such trusteesis acting, is given; also that the said two paragraphs contain statementsembracing affiant's full knowledge and belief as to the circumstances andconditions under which stockholders and security holders who do> notappear upon the books of the company as trustees, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner; and this affianthas not reason to believe that any other person, association, or corporationhas any interest direct or indirect in the said stock, bonds, or othersecurities than as so stated by him.Charlton T. Beck, Business Manager.Sworn to and subscribed before me this 5th day of October, 1940.(Signed) Hans O. Ploeppner.My commission expires Jan. 10, 1941.NEWS OF T,MARILLA W. FREEMAN, '971897Marilla Waite Freeman, Librarianof the Main Library of the ClevelandPublic Library for the last 18 years,and former President of the Universityof Chicago Club of Cleveland, is makingher headquarters in New York Citybeginning September 15. Widely knownfor her lectures in the fields of adulteducation, poetry, and library and motion picture cooperation, Miss Freemanplans to continue her speaking activities in the East and South.Miss Freeman, who resigned as Librarian last spring, has had a most colorful and unusual career. She hasorganized or left her impress upon libraries north and south, middle-westand far east. While still librarian inMemphis, Tennessee, she had charge ofthe Base Hospital Library at Camp Dixin 1918. She later studied law, wasadmitted to the Tennessee Bar, was inthe Foreign-Law Department of theHarvard Law Library, coming fromCambridge to Cleveland to take chargeof the Cleveland Main Library.In Cleveland she has been creativelyinterested in and jointly responsible forthe introduction and establishment ofseveral new library services — the "business information bureau, the readers'advisory service, the library's active cooperation with community organizationsand its response to the adult educationmovement.Miss Freeman has been actively interested in and largely responsible forthe pioneering work done by the Cleveland Public Library in the field of motion picture cooperation. She has supervised the compiling of some 200 motionpicture bookmark reading lists and haslectured and published articles on "Tying Up With the Movies."Cleveland will long remember Miss IE CLASSESFreeman not only as a librarian but asa lover of poetry able to impart herenthusiasm to others. Though she doesnot write herself, she is an active member of the Poetry Society of America,and of the Academy of American Poets.She is a friend of many poets, famousor unknown alike. Along with herheavy library responsibilities, she musthave given a hundred poetry talks andreadings within the last few years.1899Mrs. John Harvey Lee (ElizabethJ. Park, '99) has moved from German-town, Philadelphia, to 6305 OverbrookAvenue, Overbrook, Philadelphia.1901Lionel S. Luton, MD, CommanderPost No. 136 for the American Legion,was one of the men to help entertainNational Commander Ray Kelly whenhe visited St. Louis last June. Post No.136 was founded in memory of LloydR. Boutwell who died in action in 1918.Ralph H. McKee, PhD, has retiredfrom his position as professor of chemical engineering at Columbia University. Professor McKee's home addressis now 635 Riverside Drive, New YorkCity. ,903Helen W. Benney, newspaperwoman of Valparaiso, Indiana, is president of the Valparaiso library board andpublicity chairman for A. A. U. W.1904Since 1931 La Rue Van Hook, PhD,has been the Jay Professor of Greekat Columbia University. Professor VanHook was the guest of honor at the annual dinner of the Classical Associationof the Atlantic States this last spring;he is secretary of the Managing Committee of the American School atAthens, Greece. From 1920 to 1930Mr. Van Hook served as annual professor of the American School of Classical Studies also in Athens. He isauthor of the book, Greek Life andThought. i oqoFor twenty seven years Mary FiskeHeap has taught physical education inLos Angeles, California.1909Mrs. Harry Wright Evard's (HelenJacoby) address since her marriage is818 E. 58th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana.Edward A. Oliver, MD, took up hisduties as professor and head of the department of dermatology at Northwestern University School of Medicine onSeptember 15.Stephen S. Visher, SM '10, PhD'15, of Bloomington, Indiana, writesthat he enjoyed his stay heartily asvisiting professor in Vancouver thissummer. Professor Visher reports that{Continued on Page 31, Column 1)30 ARTHUR BRUCE, "061906C. Arthur Bruce, JD '08, VicePresident of the E. L. Bruce Company,manufacturers of hardwood lumber inMemphis, Tennessee, has been nominated as candidate for governor ofTennessee on the Republican ticket.This is the second time that Mr. Brucehas been his party's candidate for thisoffice. In 1930 the nominee polled avery heavy vote and made many friendsthroughout the state. Bruce has beentwice president of the Memphis Chamber of Commerce, member of the Southern Forestry Commission, has served asPresident of the Chicago alumni club ofMemphis and is at present chairman ofthe Alumni Foundation for that areaand president of the Board of Trusteesof LeMoyne College.Mrs. Ella Milligan of Denver, Colorado, has published a book entitledHistory of the Nickey Family in America, which is the result of thirty yearsof research. Dr. Milligan, educator inFine Arts at the University of Denver,shows in this book the origin and development of Moravian economy inAmerica.Rev. James Henry Larson, widelyknown evangelist, of Northampton,Mass., is a candidate for the Republicannomination for United States Representative from the second congressionaldistrict. From 1908 to 1918 Rev. Larson was pastor of the Emmanuel Congregational Church at Watertown,N. Y.On July 1, 1940, Herbert W. Brack-ney, JD, joined in the formation of apartnership for the general practice oflaw under the firm name of Stilwill,Brackney & Stilwill, Davidson Buildingin Sioux City, Iowa.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 31wi ®jje tfntoertfitp of CftcaftoIN THE LOOPPUBLIC LECTURESTUESDAYS6:45The to 7:45 P.M.Art Institute6:45The to 7:45 P.M.Art Institute11:00 A.M. to12:30 P.M.18 S. Michigran Ave. IWEDNESDAYS7:30 to 9:00 P.M.18 S. Michigan Ave.7:30 to 9:30 P.M.18 S. Michigran Ave.FRIDAYS j6:45 to 7:45 P.M.The Art Institute4:15 to 5.45 P.M. <18 S. Michigan Ave.7:00 to 8:30 P.M.18 S. Michigran Ave.f Series cf 5 or CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH POETRY— 5 lectures by David. Daiches, Oct. 8 to Nov. 5.THE FORMS OF LITERARY CRITICISM— 5 lectures byNorman P. Maclean, Nov. 12 to Dec. 10.HOW TO READ A PICTURE (illustrated)— 10 lecture-conferences by Lucy Driscoll, Oct. 15 to Dec. 17. Also a"Wednesday evening section. (Course, $10.00. No singleadmission.)LIVING ORGANISMS AND THE PROBLEM OF FOODGETTING — 6 illustrated lectures by Members of theBiological Sciences Division, Oct. 9 to Nov. 13.FINANCING A WAR — 20 lecture-conferences by Henry SimonBloch, Oct. 9 to Dec. 11 and Jan. 8 to Mar. 12. (10 sessions, $5.00; 20 sessions, $10.00. No single admission.)THE GREAT BOOKS OF ANTIQUITY — by Mortimer Adler,President Robert M. Hutchins, and others, alternateWednesdays, Oct. 2 to Dec. 18 and Jan. 15 to June 4.Also alternate Mondays, Oct. 7 to Dec. 16 and Jan 13to June 2. (17 sessions, $22.50. No single admission.)WAR IN THE ERA OF BLITZKRIEG— 5 lectures by HughMarshall Cole, Oct. 11 to Nov. 8.FASHION IN THE MODERN WORUD— 5 lectures by Herbert Blumer, Nov. • 15 to Dec. 13.BASIC IDEAS AND PROBLEMS IN RELIGION: THEIRINTERPRETATONS IN WORLD-CULTURES— 10 lecture -conferences by Sunder Joshi, Oct. 11 to Dec. 13. (10 sessions, $5.00. No single admission.)WOMAN MEETS THE LAW — 10 lecture-conferences by B.Fain Tucker, Oct. 11 to Dec. 13. (10 sessions, $5.00. Nosingle admission.)6 Lectures, $1.50; Single Admission, 50c (tax exempt)For detailed announcement regarding public lectures and lecture conferences, addressUNIVERSITY COLLEGE18 South Michigan Ave. Telephone: DEArborn 3673he met seven Chicago men as membersof the faculty of the University of British Columbia. The following sevenhave been on the faculty there for sometime: Daniel Buchanan, PhD '11,Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Science; Andrew H. Hutchinson, PhD'15, Head of the department of botany;William G. Black, AM '26, PhD '36,Associate professor of education ;Alden F. Barss, PhD '29, Head of thedepartment of horticulture; F. S. Now-lan, PhD '25, professor of mathematics; Ralph Hull, PhD '32, professorof mathematics, and Albert E. Hen-nings, PhD '14, professor of physics.1910John C. Pryor, JD, is attorney forthe Farm Credit administration inOmaha; he was formerly relief administrator for Iowa. Mrs. Pryor headsthe Democratic campaign for the middlewest for 1940.1911"Keeping house," occupies most ofMrs. Harry E. Cave's time and forseveral seasons Mrs. Cave has promoteddancing groups (marionettes) foryoung people. She and her husband andthree children live at 42 Blymyer Ave.in Mansfield, Ohio.1912Thecla Doniat retired last Januaryafter twenty-one years of service asprincipal of a School for CrippledChildren. Miss Doniat spent the lastten years at the Spalding School, oneof the largest and most completelyequipped schools for crippled childrenin the world. Over 900 pupils attendSpalding. Miss Doniat has served asthe director of the Illinois Associationfor the Crippled, as Trustee of the National Society for Crippled Children ofthe United States and she has been anactive member of the International Society for the Welfare of Cripples.Helen Hull, PhB, of New YorkCity is the author of the new book,Through the House Door, publishedlast July by Coward-McCann.1913Mrs. John M. Clark (WinifredMiller) of Westport, Connecticut,heads the Westport Child WelfareCouncil as president for her ninth termthis year.1914Deloss P. Shull, JD, and Henry C.Shull, JD '16, formerly of the firm ofShull & Stilwill and the firm of Mil-christ & Marshall, announce the formation of a new law partnership underthe name of Shull and Marshall withoffices in the Security Bank Buildingin Sioux Citv, Iowa. Jesse E. Marshall, JD '12, is also a member of therecently created firm.1915For the past three years John J.Eshleman, JD, of Redwood City, California, has been director of the Big Ten University Club of San Francisco.Solomon E. Harrison, PhB, JD '16,announces the removal of his law officesto Suite 724, Equitable Life Building,29 S. La Salle, Chicago.1916Elon G. Borton was elected president of the Advertising Federation ofAmerica, largest advertising organization in the world, last spring. Mr. Borton, who is director of advertising ofLaSalle Extension University and whohas been associated with the LaSalleExtension University since 1923, is active in a number of other advertisingorganizations. He is chairman of thepublicity committee of the NationalHome Study Council and a member ofthe magazine committee of the Association of National Advertisers.At present Leland Wilbur Parr,PhD '23, is professor of bacteriology inGeorge Washington University inWashington, D. C. In this institutionthe following Chicago men are chairmen of departments : Richard NormanOwens, AM '22, PhD '28, Business;Wood Gray, PhD '33, History; JamesHenry Taylor, PhD '24, Mathematics ;Roger Morrison Choisser, '15, MD'17, Pathology: and Ira Boers Hansen, PhD '32, Zoologv.1917Charles F. Alien of Little Rock,Arkansas, taught this past summer at the University of Indiana. When athome in Little Rock, Mr. Allen fills hisleisure time with raising roses forfriends and for his own pleasure.1918During June Webster G. Simon,PhD, dean of administration at Western Feserve University, was elected vicepresident of the University.1919Jean Robert Heatherington, MD'22, has had his private practice forsixteen years in Los Angeles, California.Carl B. Nusbaum, JD '24, gave upthe private practice of law for government personnel work as Senior RatingBoard Examiner in the Civil ServiceCommission, and writes us that he findsthe work "both interesting and illuminating."Although Comdr. Maurice M. Smithchanges his address once every twoyears, the following address will alwaysreach him: Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, Navy Department, Washington,D. C.1921Elizabeth L. Mann, PhB, FhD '36,who has been connected with WesternCollege in Oxford, Ohio, for some time,has accepted an associate professorshipof English at Adelphi College in Garden City, New York.32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1922Herbert Henwick, Rush MD '25,flight surgeon and specialist in aviationmedicine, is president of the Aero Medical Association of the United States.In addition to graduating from RushMedical College, Dr. Henwick is agraduate of the United States -ArmySchool of Aviation Medicine. Dr. Henwick has a commercial pilot's license,an Army pilot's rating, an instrumentflying rating, and has 1585 solo hoursto his credit.1924Harold A. Anderson, PhD, AM '26,instructor in education and English atthe University of Chicago and chairmanof the department of English at theUniversity high school, supervisespractice teaching at the University. Mr.Anderson is president of the Board ofDirectors for North Park College inChicago.Mary Ely Lyman, PhD, assumedher responsibilities as Dean of SweetBriar College in Virginia last month.Before this promotion Dean Lyman wasAssociate Professor of religion at Barnard College, Columbia University,New York City.Edwin Van Scoy Proudfoot hasaccepted an appointment as assistantmanager of the fidelity and surety department in the Des Moines office ofThe Travelers Indemnity Company. Hehas been associated with the bondingbusiness since 1926.1926Morton John Barnard, JD '27, hasbeen appointed, recently, chairman ofthe Probate Division of the Committeeon Real Property, Probate and TrustLaw of the Chicago Bar Association.Attorney Barnard has also been selectedas vice-chairman of the Section on Probate and Trust Law of the Illinois StateBar Association.Among the four professors of theUniversity of North Carolina who havebeen given Kenan leaves of absence, wenote Ralph S. Boggs, PhD '30, of theDepartment of Spanish.Don Kenneth Jones and ThomasRobert Mulroy, JD '28, are connectedwith the new law partnership of Jones,Mulroy and Staub located at 105 SouthLa Salle Street in Chicago.1927Alfred Ingle, SM, has withdrawnfrom the Y M C A Central College inChicago to become assistant professorof chemistry at Elmhurst College inElmhurst, Illinois.1928William A. Castle, PhD, leaves theUniversity of Chicago's zoology department this fall to teach biology atStephens College in Columbia, Missouri.John Jay Souter of East Chicago,who has a pilot's license and has beendoing considerable flying during the lastfew years, expects to buy his own planethis fall, using the Lansing Airport ashis home field, the same field that isbeing used by the University studentsas their training quarters. 1929Hartwin A. Schulze, MD. '35, isnow located at the Station hospital,Schofield Barracks, Oahu, Territory ofHawaii. Dr. Schulze holds the rank ofcaptain in the Medical Corps of theUnited States army.1930On September 3 Victor H. Evjen,AM, became assistant chief of probation of the United States ProbationSystem. He will continue to carry onhis work as managing editor of theFederal Probation quarterly, a journaldevoted to all phases of delinquencyand crime problems. Previous to thisappointment Mr. Evjen was affiliatedwith the United States probation andparole office in Chicago for four years.Herbert Gaston, MD, assistant secretary of the Treasury, gave the Commencement address before the UnitedStates Coast Guard Academy in NewLondon, Connecticut, last spring.Marion Fielding Green, SM, MD'35, who is a physician in the- UnitedStates Army and who is officially located in Ft. Warren, Wyoming, sailedfrom San Francisco on July 5th forWashington, D. C, for special medicaltraining.Elmer K. Higdon, DB, executivesecretary of the Department of Oriental Missions, Foreign Division, TheUnited Christian Missionary Society,spent seven of the last ten years of hislife in the Philippines. Mr. Higdonhas served on numerous councils in thelast decade including the InternationalMissionary Council, Foreign MissionsConference of North America, andmany others. According to our reporthe has been more than a busy man, butclaims to find time for bowling andwriting nevertheless.For almost four years Robert B.Lewy, Rush MD '35, worked out atCook County hospital but at the presenttime Dr. Lewy is a specialist in otolaryngology in Chicago. Bob Lewy wasthe man who received the 10c light bulbfor being the authority of the Class of1930 on international affairs. The 1930-ers may be relieved to know that Dr.Lewy is as glowingly interested in international affairs as he was in hisundergraduate days.1931Howard M. Meroney has been appointed Instructor of English at theState Normal School in Fredonia, NewYork.Fred B. Millett, PhD, professor ofEnglish at Wesleyan University sinceMay, 1939, and former contributor tothe Magazine, published ContemporaryAmerican Authors, a critical surveywith 219 bio-bibliographers, in March,1940.Last June the Texas Social WelfareAssociation elected its new President,Daniel Russell, AM, who is Head ofthe sociology department at Texas Agricultural and Mechanical College atCollege Station, Texas. Professor Russell has taught at Baylor University inWaco and has served as Case Worker with the Juvenile Protective Association at Hull House in Chicago and Director of the South Park Playground.Professor Russell is recognized particularly for his work in originating andcarrying out the plan of housing andproviding food for college students ona cooperative basis. A detailed accountof this plan was published in the June1939 issue of Survey Graphic, and asimilar account appeared in the Reader'sDigest in June 1939. Because of theexistence of this plan, several thousandboys have found it possible to get a college degree at Texas A. and M. whowould not have otherwise been able togo to college. 150 colleges and universities have adopted Russell's plan. Mr.Russell maintains membership in theAmerican Association of Social Workers, American Sociological Society,American Association of UniversityProfessors and numerous other organizations.1932Leslie W. Irwin, graduate student31-32, Director of health and physicaleducation in the Laboratory Schools ofEducation, has an interesting article on"The Role of Health and Physical Education in National Defense" in the current journal of Health and PhysicalEducation.Mary Dillingham McPike, PhD,of San Diego, California, fills her leisure time teaching Spanish to the womenof the Association of UniversityWomen.Armistead S. Pride, AM, directspublicity for Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Mo., while teaching English literature. Mr. Pride's avocation isnewspaper work, which interest is certainly in line with his work.At St. Paul's Lutheran School inFort Wayne, Indiana, Eldor C. Sieving, AM '38, has been appointed principal.1933The Folding Paper Box Associationof America located in Chicago put outa most unusual News Bulletin last June,which was written by Raphael H.Block.Helen Louise Butler, AM, PhD '39,has held the position of associate professor at the University of DenverSchool of Librarianship since 1931.Professor Butler is a member of theAmerican Library Association.James W. Porter, Topeka chairmanfor the Alumni Federation, is the Republican nominee for representative to theKansas legislature from the 34th district. Mr. Porter is a member of thelaw firm of Lillard, Eidson, and Lewisin Topeka, Kansas. ^1934Orville Baker, AM '35, will teachat Harvard University this year. Lastyear he was an instructor in the Carnegie Institute of Technology in Pittsburgh, Pa.Ruth H. Mooers, AM, is now teaching and also the supervising critic in artat the Iowa State Teachers College inCedar Falls, la.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 331935On August 8, 1940, J. HambletonAbrahams was elected national secretary-treasurer of the Security BenefitAssociation, succeeding his father, thelate John V. Abrahams. The SBA isone of the largest insurance organizations in Topeka, Kansas.Henry D. Lytton, has accepted aposition with Ogden-Watney Publishers, Inc., New York City, as assistant editor of The Glass Packer,monthly magazine in the food, drug andcosmetic, and wine and liquor fields.Dan McNaughton, AM, was sentas a delegate representing the ColoradoState College to the Workshop inTeachers' Education held at the University of Chicago from July 22 toAugust 24, 1940. Mr. McNaughton willstep up into the position of assistantprofessor of science at Colorado Statethis month ; formerly he was an instructor in science at Colorado.William Carl Thomas, the ministerfor the Central Presbyterian Church inLittle Rock, Arkansas, spent the summer as minister of the Presbyterianchurch in Detroit, Michigan.1936Robert W. Crist, AM, who has beenteaching English at the University ofMissouri in Columbia, will teach English at the Kansas City Junior Collegein Kansas City this year.Jean Inbusch of Milwaukee receivedan appointment in the University Hospitals in Cleveland, Ohio, upon completing her work for the Master ofNursing degree in Western ReserveUniversity.Mabel C. Waltz, AM, is now associated with Laidlaw Brothers of Chicago as Editorial Assistant. FormerlyMiss Waltz was working with the Laboratory Schools at the University ofChicago. 1 937John F. Charles, AM, PhD '38,journeys from Jamestown, New York,to Wabash College in Crawfordsville,Indiana, to begin his new work as assistant professor of Greek, Latin andFrench this year.Claude B. Hazen of the Fred S.James and Company, insurance, madea splendid trip this summer through thewest, including on his itinerary Yellowstone and the Black Hills. Mr. Hazenrecommends Yellowstone highly to allthose who take their vacations in thewest. ,93gWallace S. Baldinger, PhD, hasleft Washburn College in Topeka, Kansas to accept a position as associateprofessor of art in Lawrence Collegein Appleton, Wisconsin.Sidney Kramer, PhD, has returnedto the Arizona State Teachers Collegein Tempe, Arizona as librarian, afterhaving taught library science this summer at the Louisiana State Universityin Baton Rouge.Jule K. Lamar, PhD, has given uphis research work at Carnegie Institution of Washington in Baltimore, Maryland, to go to the University of Texasin Galveston. am"p/peorrsip/ays repeatperformanceHurry, Men, don't miss this famousGET ACQUAINTED w/n, BRIGGS" BARGAIN!It's the same choice,"Park Lane"briarpipe. . .as last year'sfast sell-out. And, remember, the quantity is limited.So, again, it's first come, first served. There is onlyone reason why Briggs can afford to repeat thisgreat bargain "buy". We know that mostmen who really get to know Briggs PipeMixture like it . . . for life.GENUINE*PARK LANEBRIARWITH TWO 15* TINS OF Genuine "ParkLane" briar, perfect finish and balance. Heat-testedbowl exclusively processed and permeatedwith fine oils. Mouthpiecematches grain of wood. Removable triple filter assurescontinued sweetness. Supplylimited. Act today!Briggs is a blend of blue rib-bon iobaccos,time-mellowedextra long in oaken casks.Its flavor and fragrance winmost men . . . at first pipeful. So act at once. Don tdelay. Your money back,gladly, if you say so!MIXTUREAt your tobacconist . .or mail this coupon! }P. Lorillard Company (GG-40)119 West 40th Street, New York CityEnclosed is $1.00 (check or money order for safety).Send me the special de luxe box containing 2 tins of Briggsand the genuine "Park Lane" briar pipe as advertised.This offer good in United States only!44jntt ___Copyright, 1940. by P. Lorillard Co.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBLACKSTONEHALLanExclusive Women's Hotelin th*University of Chicago DistrictOffering Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALLS748 TelephoneBlackstone Ave. Plaza 3313Verna P. Werner. DirectorPETERSONFireproof WarehouseSTORAGE — MOVINGForeign — DomesticShipments55th & Ellis Phone, MID 9700HAIR REMOVED FOREVERBEFORE AFTER19 Years' ExperienceFREE CONSULTATIONLOTTIE A. METCALFEGraduate NurseALSOELECTROLYSIS EXPERTMultiple 20 platinum needles can be used.Permanent removal of Hair from Face,Eyebrows, Back of Neck or any partof Body; destroys 200 to 600 Hair Rootsper hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Memher American Assn. Medical Hydrology andPhysical Therapy$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705. Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.Perfect Loveliness It Wealth fa Beauty Henry Mick, AM, clergyman for theUnited Church of Canada, recently hadan article in The United Church Observer of Toronto entitled, "The Minister and Continuation Studies."Wendell R. Mullison, PhD, hasaccepted the position of instructor ofbiology at Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.David S. Pankratz, MD, continuesthis year as professor of anatomy atthe University of Mississippi.William Charles Rasmussen, SM'39, is stationed at Grand Forks, NorthDakota, as Junior Geologist of theUnited States Geological Survey and isconcentrating upon ground water investigations.1939Van Vernon Adlerman, PhD, isnow an instructor at the College ofWilliam and Mary in Norfolk, Va.Arthur J. Clauter, Jr., has beenwith the William Wrigley Jr. Companyof Chicago in the sales department sinceJune of 1939.Will Scott DeLoach, PhD, is nowconnected with the East CarolinaTeachers College in Greenville, No.Carolina.David M. Grubbs, PhD, has accepted a position as geologist withSocony- Vacuum Oil Company in Caracas, Venezuela for two years. Mr.Grubbs went to Venezuela last April.Hazel Lindquist has been associated with Barcus, Kindred, and Company, municipal bond house in Chicago,since graduating from the School ofBusiness.Beginning this year Reginald H.Neal, AM, holds the position of assistant professor of art at James Milli-kin University in Decatur, Illinois.William J. Risteau has recently accepted a job in the testing laboratory ofthe Butler Paper Co. in Chicago.Karl F. Schuessler, AM, goes toIndiana University in Bloomington thisyear to fill the position of teaching assistant or tutor in sociology.Lloyd B. Williams, SM, was appointed instructor of mathematics atthe Georgia School of Technology inAtlanta, Georgia, last summer.1940Wade Allen, SM, went to EastLansing, Michigan, last month to takeup his duties as instructor of chemistryat Michigan State College.Elizabeth Austin has taken a position in the engineering department ofthe Illinois Bell Telephone Co. in Chicago.John A. Bauer now ranks as aJunior Chemist in the research department of Standard Oil of Indiana.Sidney J. Be-Hannesey is now arepresentative of the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, locatedat 1 N. LaSalle Street. Known to allhis friends on campus as "Sid." he isenrolling in Law School this year forthe three year course.Jack Bloom is now associated withthe Continental Foods, Inc. of Chicagoas laboratory assistant. Wentworth K. Brown, AM, became an instructor of English at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy,New York, last month.Violet Olive Horner, MD, beganher interneship July 1, 1940, at the Cincinnati General hospital, which willextend for one year and will be a rotating interneship.Irving M. Klotz, PhD, has been appointed Abbott Research Associate atNorthwestern University, Evanston, forthe coming year.Robert Leibler is now working forthe Phoenix Dye Works of Chicago.Louis K. Mann, PhD, was invitedto join the Ohio University faculty asa visiting lecturer in Botany. Professor Mann expected to arrive in Athens,Ohio, last month.James T. Merrin, AM, is now an instructor in English at Wayne University in Detroit. Mr. Merrin receivedhis appointment this last summer.Joseph B. Mottl has been with Underwriters Laboratory in Chicago sincehis graduation.William E. Snyder, SM, is teachingbotany and zoology at the LouisianaPolytechnic Institute in Ruston, La.,this year.Mona Jane Wilson, SM, plans toteach at Union Township high schoolin Wheeler, Indiana, this year.SOCIAL SERVICEThere were several changes in theFieM Work Supervisory Staff duringthe Summer Quarter. Eda Houwinkof the Family Welfare SupervisoryStaff taught a course in Social CaseWork at the School of Social Workat the University of Nebraska duringthe Summer Quarter.Cecelia Carey Heichemer, AM '35,who supervised Field Work in ChildWelfare, has gone to the United StatesChildren's Bureau and was immediatelyassigned to the United States Committee on Refugee Children in New YorkCity.Lela B. Carr, AM '40, formerly aField Work Supervisor in PsychiatricSocial Work, has accepted a position ascase work supervisor with the FamilyWelfare Society of Rockford, Illinois.During the Summer Quarter, JuliaBeatty Miles, AM '39, and PearlSalsberry have been supervisors of students in Family Welfare.Miss Dixon and Mr. McMillen wereout of residence during the SummerQuarter, and Miss Browning duringthe Second Term. Jeanette Hanford ofthe United Charities of Chicago taughtthe beginning course in Case Work.During the first term of the SummerQuarter, Dr. Mabel Newcomer, Chairman of the Department of Economicsof Vassar College, returned to theSchool to give two courses, Financingthe Public Welfare Program, and TheWelfare Administrator and American.Government Finance. Dr. H. L. McCarthy of the Social Security Boardgave one course, Administrative Problems in Social Insurance. During theSecond Term of the Summer Quarter,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 35ITS TIME FORmWiLLLINSAUSAGEWITH THEOLD-TIME FLAVORGet set for a treat when you bring home Swift's BrookfieldSausage. For here's pork sausage with the old-time flavorfolks really hanker for!For hearty meals, try the extra-plump Dinner-Size links . . .with skins tendered in the juice of fresh pineapples. Or asizzling platterful of Standard-Size links or patties will bringthe family running.Don't put off serving this grand treat another day. BuySwift's Brookfield, in the new red-plaid package, from yourneighborhood dealer now.Dr. Ewan Clague, Director, Bureau ofEmployment Security, Federal SecurityAgency, Social Security Board, gavetwo courses in Problems of Social Security Administration. Fern Lowry ofthe faculty of the New York School ofSocial Work gave a series of three lectures, to which students of the Schooland case workers of the Chicago agencies were invited.Catherine Dunn, AM '30, of thePublic Assistance Division of the Social Security Board, Washington, D. C,visited the University during Augustand spoke to the class in Rural PublicWelfare.Savilla Millis Simons, AM '26,has left the Douglas Smith Fund ofChicago to join the research staff ofthe Industrial Division of the UnitedStates Children's Bureau.Mary Harms, AM '27, has been madethe Acting Director of the School ofSocial Work at Northwestern University.Erma H. Wainner, AM '29, has recently been made Chief of the Divisionof Public Assistance and Child Welfarein Nebraska.Natalia Greensfelder, AM '31, isworking with the Committee for Refugee Children in the Chicago area.Charles Meyer, AM '36, is nowField Secretary with the ResettlementCommittee for Refugees at Kansas City,Missouri, covering the western Missouriand Kansas areas.The following former students haverecently joined the staff of the Social Security Board at Washington, D. C. :Faye E. Bates, AM '33; Phyllis E.Joseph, AM '33; Milton G. Johnson,AM '37; Dorothy R. Sprung, AM '37;Elizabeth H. Godwin, AM '38; andC. Ted Johnson, AM '39.Eunice D. Harkey, AM '37, of theDepartment of Public Welfare in Kansas, and Inabel Lindsay, AM '37, Assistant Director, School of Social Work,Howard University, have been again inresidence in the School during theSummer Quarter.Joan E. Kain, AM '38, has accepteda position as Field Consultant with theOregon Child Welfare Services.Foster L. Lee, AM '38, has left theChildren's Village at Dobbs Ferry,New York, to accept a position as Director of Social Services at GlenviewSchool, Glendale, Ohio.Esther Ortleb, AM '39, has beenmade Supervisor of Child WelfareServices in Iowa.Ruth Cooper, AM '39, has left Harper Hospital Social Service Department in Detroit to accept an appointment in Medical Social Work in theUniversity of California at Berkeley.Marjory Solomon, AM '40, has accepted a position as Case Consultantwith the United Jewish Fund of Birmingham, Alabama.Three students have received Ph.D.degrees in the Spring and SummerQuarters. Miss Wen-Hsien Chen received the Ph.D. degree at the JuneConvocation and sailed immediately tojoin the faculty of Nanking University, Chengtu, Szechwan, West China.Arthur Parker Miles, AM '36, received his doctorate at the June Convocation and has been appointed AssistantProfessor at the School of Social Work,Tulane University.Miss Fern Boan, AM '26, receivedher Ph.D. degree at the August Convocation and will return to her positionon the faculty of the School of SocialService at the University of Oklahoma.Among the students who received theMaster of Arts degree in Social Serviceat the June Convocation, the followinghave gone into the Public Assistancef eld : Elizabeth Hardy, Field Worker,Department of Public Welfare, Marion,Virginia; Marion L. Moore, ArizonaState Department of Public Welfare;Jack W. Snow, Division of Researchand Statistics, California Department ofSocial Welfare ; and Daniel J. Sullivan, Senior Case Worker, City Infirmary, Warrensville, Ohio.Ruth Perrine is engaged in ChildWelfare work in Dallas, and John W.Anderson is a Case Worker, at theMental Health Service, Des Moines;Lily Baral, Medical Social Worker,Washington University Clinics, St.Louis ; Janet James, Medical SocialWorker, Grady Hospital, Atlanta. Nathan Cooper and Katherine M. Cur-ran are both employed in the ChicagoRelief Administration. Jane East iswith the Community Service Society,New York City; Robert A. Goodman,Case Worker, Jewish Social Service36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBOILER REPAIRING; i70 Million Times a Daythe public tests BellSystem service. Themeasure of this serviceis not only its reliabilityand low cost, but thefriendly manner inwhich it is delivered.Bureau, Chicago; Sarah Hallock,Statistician, Bureau of Home Economics, Washington, D. C; Philip L.Katch, Illinois Emergency Relief Commission, Chicago; William H. McCul-lough, Instructor, School of SocialWork, University of Oklahoma; RuthLouise Robison, N. Y. A., Chicago;Doris E. Ward, Child and Family Service, Peoria, Illinois ; Leo Zimmerman,Jewish Social Service Bureau, Chicago;and Naoma G. Zimmerman, CaseWorker, Jewish Children's Bureau,Chicago.The following students received theMaster of Arts degree at the AugustConvocation and are listed with theirpositions: M.Virginia Arnault, CaseWorker, Morris County Children'sHome, Morristown, New Jersey; MaryF. Bozeman, Case Worker, FamilyConsultation Society, Cincinnati; Eve-BUSINESSDIRECTORYAMBULANCE SERVICEBOYDSTON BROS.All phones OAK. 0492operatingAuthorized Ambulance Servicefor Billings HospitalUniversity Clinics, etc.PACKARD AND LASALLE EQUIPMENTAWNINGSPhones Oakland 0690 — 0691 — 0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.,INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove Avenue lyn Brookman, Case Worker, JewishSocial Service Bureau, Chicago; Elizabeth B. Bruton, Psychiatric Social. Worker, Bobs Roberts Hospital, Chicago; Victor Carlson, Field Representative, Oregon State Department ofPublic Welfare; Lois Chapin, CaseWorker, Travelers' Aid Society, Worcester, Massachusetts; Ralph W. Collins, Supervisor of Social Work, Division of Medical Care, Indiana StateDepartment of Public Welfare; Theodore Dombrowski, Case Worker, OldAge Assistance Service, Cook CountyDepartment of Public Welfare, Chicago; Jeanette Garfield, MedicalSocial Worker, Jewish Hospital ofBrooklyn, New York; FranklynHochreiter, Staff of the School ofSocial Service of St. Louis University,Missouri; David Romeyn Hunter, Research Staff, American Public WelfareAssociation, making a survey of publicwelfare services in Texas; Helen M.Hynes, Child Welfare Services, Illinois State Department of Public Welfare; Olive Kestin, Medical SocialWorker, New Haven Hospital, Connecticut; Elizabeth Maney, CaseWorker, Children's and Minors' Service, Chicago; Mamie West McClel-lan, Case Worker, Illinois Children'sHome and Aid Society, Chicago; BenS. Meeker, Probation Officer, UnitedStates Probation Service, Chicago;Adele Meriam, Probation Officer, juvenile Court of the District of Columbia; David Pri chard, PsychiatricSocial Worker, St. Charles School forBoys, Illinois; Bee Rich, Refugee Resettlement work, Georgia State FarmSchool and Resettlement Bureau, Atlanta; Ellen Snell, Case Worker,Family Welfare Association, Beloit,Wisconsin, Jack Wiener, CaseWorker, Chicago Relief Administration; Harold Wilson, Case Worker,Central Intake Office, Chicago ReliefAdministration; Harlan B. Wright,Case Worker, United Charities of Chicago.Jeanne Jewett, AM '40, and SaraNichols have recently gone to Canadato help with the refugee children whoare coming there. Miss Jewett has beenassigned to the Toronto Children's AidSociety at Toronto, Canada, and MissNichols to the Children's Aid Societyof Montreal, Canada.BORNTo Charles D. Borst, '31, and Mrs.Borst (Betty Anne Jones, }33) onApril 15, 1940, a daughter, MarciaLouise, in Chicago, 111.To Ralph Buchsbaum, SB '28, PhD'32, and Mrs. Buchsbaum (MildredShaffer, SB '32, SM. '33), a son,Monte Stuart, on April 15, 1940, in theChicago Lying-in hospital.To Lars M. DeWett Carlson, PhB'23, and Mrs. Carlson on August 9,1940, a son, Lars Gustaf, at Helena,Montana.To Charles J. Corcoran, '39, andMrs. Corcoran on August 2, 1940, ason, Thomas John. Mr. and Mrs. Cor- BEST BOILER REPAIRand WELDING CORP.DAY AND NIGHT PHONE CAN. 6071-0324 HOUR SERVICEQUALIFIED LICENSED CONTRACTOR1404-08 S. Western Ave., ChicagoBOOK BINDERSBOOKSMEDICAL BOOKSof All PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andall New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEAKMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical CollegeCATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900— 090 1Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882CEMENT CONTRACTORST. A. REHNQUIST CO.Vt w 1 CONCRETEV-// FLOORS\v\r SIDEWALKS\\ V MACHINE FOUNDATIONS\\ REPAIRSv ALL PHONESVEST. 1929 BEVerly 0890Yard: 6639 So. VernonMARBLE CONTRACTORSITALIANMARBLE COMPANY1730 CARROLL AVE.PHONE SEELEY 2310Contractors forMARBLE, ART-MARBLEand TERRAZZO WORKfor Commercial andResidential BuildingsIMPORTED MARBLE and ONYXTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 37CHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, '12B. R. Harris, '21Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6COALEASTMAN COAL CO.Established 1902YARDS ALL OVER TOWNGENERAL OFFICES342 N. Oakley Blvd.Telephone Seeley 4488Wasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phones: Wentworth 8620-1-2-3-4Wesson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wasson DoesCOFFEE -TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209-13 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1350Bosto n— N ew York— -Ph I ladel ph i a— SyraeuteDENTISTDR. BERNARD R. LITZa graduate of the University of Illinois '39ANNOUNCESThe Opening of His Office forthe Practice of Dentistryat theGladstone Hotel, 6200 S. Kenwood Ave.Hyde Park 4100You are cordially invited to obtain dental service ona yearly budget system that is now available.EMPLOYMENTCOLOREDDOMESTIC HELPFurnishedDay or NightReferences investigated.Englewood Employment Agency5530 S. State Phone-Englewood 3 1 8 1 -3 1 82Street Night-Englewood 3181Established 20 yearsFLOWERS^^^^ *iIUa ; CHICAGOWr Established 186S(^^ FLOWERSPhones: Plaza 6444, 64451645 E. 55th Street coran live at 16 Water ville Street,Waterbury, Conn.To Mr. and Mrs. Frederick R. Dickerson (Jane Morrison, AM '37) adaughter, Elizabeth Ann, on September3, 1940. Mr. and Mrs. Dickerson liveat 403 Sulgrave Road, Chatham Villagein Pittsburgh, Pa.To William Louis Flacks, '33, JD'35, and Mrs. Flacks (Shirley Nathan, '36), a daughter, Barbara Joan,on September 22, in Chicago.To John Mills, Jr., '32, and Mrs.Mills (Elizabeth Parker, '32, AM '34)a son, John, May 30, 1940, in New YorkCity.To Bart Petersen, PhB '35, andMrs. Petersen on August 20, 1940, ason, Kent, Sacramento, Calif.To Fremont P. Wirth, PhD '25,and Mrs. Wirth on July 23, 1940, a son,Fremont Philip Wirth, Jr., in Nashville,Tenn.To Eugene S. Zemans, '36, and Mrs.Zemans on July 20, 1940, in Cloquet,Minnesota, a daughter, Grete Lynn.ENGAGEDRev. Homer D. Mitchell, PhB '27,of Bay City, Michigan, to Jean C. Goldie of Detroit, Michigan.Helen May Harrison, PhB '35, toGuy R. Sinclair, Jr., of Goshen, Ind.Elizabeth Hamburger, daughter ofDr. Walter W. Hamburger of the University staff, to Herman E. Ries, PhD'36.Ruth Raney, '37, to Dr. Bryce LowCrawford, Jr., of Los Angeles. MissRaney is the daughter of Dr. M. Llewellyn Raney, director of the Universityof Chicago libraries. Dr. Crawford willjoin the University of Minnesota faculty this fall as assistant professor ofchemistry.Ernestine Heileman, AM '38, toJohn MacPhail of Chicago. Mr. Mac-Phail is an employee of the Baltimoreand Ohio Railroad.Catherine E. Herbolsheimer, '38,to Paul Henry Oppmann of Lakewood,Ohio.Jeanne L. Tobin, '39, to G. RichardKuch, Meadville Theological School,Chicago, Illinois. Miss Tobin and Mr.Kuch plan their wedding for October19, 1940, in the First Unitarian Churchof Chicago.marriedMary A. Patrick, '38, to Warren S.Askew, '34, on June 29, 1940 in Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. Askew are at homeat 7600 Essex Avenue, Chicago.Dorothy Lorraine Jepson of Chicago to Charles Frederic Axelson,Jr., '37, MBA '37, also of Chicago, onJuly 23 in the Thorndike Hilton chapel.Mildred Zahrobsky, '39, to RobertBlakey, '38, SM '39, on July 5, 1940in Hilton Chapel, in Chicago. Mr. andMrs. Blakey are living at 318 N. Oxford St., Arlington County, Va. Mr.Blakey was appointed last May to aposition in the State Technical Advisory Service of the Social SecurityBoard as personnel research technician. GRAPHIC ARTSTHE SCRIPTORIUMScribes • Illuminators • BindersC L RICKETTS JASPER S KINGTITLE PAGES; ANNIVERSARY, CHRISTMAS, WEDDING and GUEST BOOKS;COATS OF ARMSGENEALOGIES, MEMORIALS,RESOLUTIONS, BOOK PLATES•DIPLOMAS, AWARDS, HONORARY DEGREES, CHARTERSValued papers and letters restoredand bound38 SOUTH DEARBORN STREETDEARBORN 0001 CHICAGOGROCERIESLEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: Hyde Park 9100-1-2QUALITY FOODSTUFFSMODERATE PRICESWE DELIVERLAUNDRIESSUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 5110THEBEST LAUNDRY andCLEANING COMPANYALL LAUNDRY SERVICESAlsoZoric System of Cleaning- : - Odorless Quality Cleaning - : -Phone Oakland 1383LETTER SERVICEPOND LETTER SERVICEEverything in LettersHooven TypewritingMultigraphmgAddressograph Servlci MimeographingAddressingMailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones 418 So. Market St.Harrison 8118 ChicagoLITHOGRAPHERL. C. Mead '21. E. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 818238 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEOFFICE FURNITURESTEE LEASEBizsin&ss Equipment \FILING CABINETSDESKS — LOCKERSCUPBOARDS — SHELVINGMetal Office Furniture Co. Grand Rapid*, MichiganOPTICIANSNELSON OPTICAL CO.1138 East63 rd StreetHyde Park5352Dr. Nels R. Nelson, OptometristPAINTERSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating- — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzse 3 1 86E. STEWART FEIGHINC.PAINTING — DECORATING5559 TelephoneCottage Grove Ave. Midway 4404RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING & DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMonroe 3192PHOTOGRAPHERMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. ol C. ALUMNIPLASTERINGHOWARD F. NOLANPLASTERING, BRICKandCEMENT WORKREPAIRING A SPECIALTY5341 S. Lake Park Ave.Telephone Dorchester 1579 Maurice E. Burns, '37, MBA '38, toAnalee Hill, '39, on March 24, 1940at Arkansas City, Kansas. Mr. andMrs. Burns are at home at 7321 EvansAvenue in Chicago.Hazel May K r u s e to DonaldCharles Carner, '39, on September 21,1940' in Joseph Bond Chapel on the University of Chicago campus.Marion Keane, PhB '34, AM '35,to George A. Crapple, SM '33, on June15, 1940. After a trip through Yellowstone and Glacier parks, Mr. and Mrs.Crapple have taken residence at 5724Blackstone Avenue in Chicago.Waldo Crippen, AM '32, to MyraEsther Losey on June 16, 1940 in Topeka, Kansas. Mr. Crippen is a history professor at Washburn College inTopeka.David Finlay, AM '38, to FrancesDavison, on July 14, 1940 at Bethel,Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Finlay are livingat 2010 Auburn Ave. in Dayton, Ohio.Frances Harper Gethro, '35, toNorman B. Eaton, '30, JD '33, onJune 19, 1940, Chicago. Mr. and Mrs.Harper are living at 1419 E. 56thStreet, Chicago.Ethel Juliette Frank, '40 toJulian Royce Goldsmith, '40, of OakPark on September 4. Following aCaribbean sea cruise, they will maketheir home at 5346 S. Cornell, Chicago.Marion Bay, '39, to Donald Gordonof St. Louis in the Thorndike Hiltonchapel on August 10, 1940, Chicago.Mr. and Mrs. Gordon are at home atThe Seminole Hotel in Fulton, Mo.Janet Rosenthal, SM '37, to PhilipJulius Hecht, on July 25, in Chicago.Milancie Hill, '39, daughter ofFrederick W. " Hill, '98, to RobertWm. Janes, '38, AM '39, on August17, 1940, Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. Janesare at home at 911 W. High Street inUrbana, 111.Lindsey M. Hobbs, PhD '38 toEdith Marie Edmondson on August 4in Hanceville, Ala.Verna Winters, '36, JD '39, toCharles William Hoerr, '40, on September 12, in Hilton chapel. Mr. andMrs. Hoerr are at home at 7130' CyrilParkway, Chicago.Anne Hyde Choate to Ell moreClark Patterson, Jr., '35, on September 28, 1940 in Pleasantville, New York.Mr. Patterson, known to hundreds ofhis friends as "Ell," is associated withJ. P. Morgan and Company in NewYork City. He is secretary of the University of Chicago Club of New Yorkand a leading spirit in the "HutchClub" there. At the University he wasa "C" man in football and track, andcaptain of the 1934 football team.Barbara Louis Wiggins to AlanPierce, '32, PhD '34, on the 29th ofJuly in Providence, Rhode Island. Mr.and Mrs. Pierce are at home at 330Mountain Ave., Bound Brook, N. J.Mr. Pierce is connected with the CalcoChemical Co. as research chemist. PRINTERSCLARKE-McELROYPUBLISHING CO.6140 Cottage Grove AvenueMidway 3935"Good Printing of All Descriptions"HIGHEST RATED IN UNITED STATES• ENGRAVERS— SINCE 1906 + WORK DONE BY ALL PROCESSES ++ ESTIMATES GLADLY FURNISHED +? ANY PUBLISHER OUR REFERENCE +RAYNER1 DALHEIM &CO.20S4 W. LAKE ST., CHICAGO.PUBLISHERSRESTAURANTSThe Best Place to Eat on the South Side(PkefaCOLONIAL RESTAURANT6324 WoodJawn Ave.Phone Hyde Park 6324RUGSAshjian Bros., inc.ESTABLISHED 1021Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED8066 South Chicago Phone Regent 6000THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 39Albert Teachers' Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 1885. Placement Bureau formen and women in all kinds of teachingpositions. Large and alert College andState Teachers' College departments forDoctors and Masters; forty per cent of ourbusiness. Critic and Grade Supervisors forNormal Schools placed every year in largenumbers; excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics, Business Administration, Music, and Art, secure finepositions through us every year. PrivateSchools in all parts of the country amongour best patrons; good salaries. Well prepared High School teachers wanted for cityand suburban High Schools. Special manager handles Grade and Critic work. Sendfor folder today.COMMERCIAL SCHOOLSINTENSIVE¦ STENOGRAPHIC COURSEfor College People OnlySuperior training for practical, personal use or profitable employment. Course gives you dictation speed of100 words a minute in 100 days. Classes begin January,April, July and October. Enroll Now. Write or phonefor bulletin.BRYANT & STRATTON College18 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago Tel: RAN. 1575MacCormac School ofCommerceBusiness Administration and SecretarialTrainingDAY AND EVENING CLASSESAccredited by the National Association of Accredited Commercial Bchooli.1170 E. 63rd St. H. P. 2130SCHOOL— SHORTHANDYour whole life throughShorthand will be useful to you.For more particulars call, write,or telephone.THE GREGG COLLEGE6 North Michigan Avenue, ChicagoState 1881ROOFERSSHEET METAL WORKSECONOMY SHEET METAL WORKS•Galvanized Iron and Copper CornicesSkylights, Gutters, Down SpoutsTile, Slate and Asbestos Roofing•1927 MELROSE STREETBuckingham 1893STOCKS— BONDS— COMMODITIESP. H. Davis. 'II. H. 1. Markham, 'Ex. '06R. W . Davis, '16 F. B. Evans, 'IIPaul H. Davis & Co ¦MembersNew York Stock ExchangeChicago Stock ExchangeChicago Board of Trade10 So. La Salle St. Franklin 1 1622TEACHERS' AGENCIESAMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. Jackson BoulevardChicagoA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college field.It is affiliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers. , Ruth Marie Ketchie to John Post,'32, MD '37, on September 11, 1940 inChicago. Captain John Post, MedicalCorps, has been ordered to Fort Bliss,Texas, near El Paso, with the 202dCoast Artillery regiment of the IllinoisNational Guard.Patricia Frances Weeks, PhB '36,to Robert Henry Ralston, '40, in Toronto, Ontario on August 12, 1940.Mr. and Mrs. Ralston are living at 28Harwood Drive in Upper Darby, Pa.Hazel Groote, '36, to Rev. WesleyU. Riedel, '31, on June 21, 1940 inLombard, 111. Mr. and Mrs. Riedel areliving in Fryeburg, Maine, where Rev.Riedel is pastor of the CongregationalChurch.Margaret McGrath to DavidRockefeller, PhD '40, on September7, 1940 in Bedford, New York. Mr.Rockefeller, who is the youngest son ofJohn D. Rockefeller, Jr., is one ofMayor La Guardia's secretaries.Hazel Farnsworth MacNair, '30,to Gerald John Steiner of ChannelIslands on August 10, 1940 in Bondchapel on the University of Chicagocampus. Mr. and Mrs. Steiner are athome at 5531 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago'.Louis C. Sass, '32, son of Edith Sass,'03, and Frederick Sass, '01, to VirginiaRose Cheley, on June 15, 1940 in SaintMartin's Chapel in Denver, Colorado.Mr. and Mrs. Sass sailed from SanFrancisco September 18 for Kuwait onthe Persian Gulf. Mr. Sass is returning there after a vacation in the Statesto continue his work as resident geologist for the Kuwait Oil Company.Harriet M. Doll, '37, to John R.Van De Water, '39, on June 9, 1940.John spent the summer in Californiabut is back to attend law school at theUniversity this year, and incidentally,to lead the barn dances.Nancy Stiles Kirby, '36, to William W. Watson, '36, on June 29, 1940,in Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. Watson areat home at 5635 Kenwood Avenue,Chicago.DIEDMrs. Philip G. Avery (LouiseKueffner, PhD '09) on September 23,New York City.Mrs. George H. Chalmers (EllaSatterthwait, '08, PhM '10) of LosAngeles on September 11, 1940.Frank B. Cherington, '18, formerfaculty member of the University highschool, on July 26, 1940, New YorkCity.Gasper Edwards, LLB '08, 72-year-old veteran lawyer who had practicedin Oklahoma City for 32 years, on September 1, 1940 in Oklahoma City.Harald A. Ericson, PhB '35, onMarch 30, 1940, Chicago, 111.Marian Foster Farwell, '40, ofLake Forest, Illinois on June 27, 1940.Taylor W. Funkhouser, '12, MD'16, of Danville, Illinois on July 18,1940.Mary L. Gunter, '27, on August 3,1940 in Chicago. CLARK-BREWERTeachers Agency57th YearNationwide ServiceFive Offices — One FeeCHICAGO, MINNEAPOLISKANSAS CITY, MO. SPOKANENEW YORKHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 L. JACKSON BLVD.Telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, III.Member National Associationof Teachers AqenciesWe Enjoy a Very Fine High School, Normal School,College and University PatronageTEACHER'S SERVICEBUREAU4522 N. Knox Ave.Chicago, III.UNDERTAKERSBOYDSTON BROS., INC.UNDERTAKERSSince 18924227-29-31 Cottage Grove Ave.All Phones OAKIand 0492VENTILATINGThe Haines CompanyVentilating and Air ConditioningContractors1929-1937 West Lake St.Phones Seeley 2765-2766-276740 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJOHN S. WRIGHT, '05, JD '07On July 30, 1940 came the announcement of the death of John StephenWright, PhB '05, JD '07, Chairman ofthe Kansas City Committee of theAlumni Foundation and a member ofits National Committee. A formerpresident of the Kansas City AlumniClub and Chairman for that area inthe Development Fund Drive, JohnWright was one of those alumni towhom the University has looked forunstinted service and good advice. Heentered the University in 1901, influenced by his older brother, WilliamKelley Wright, now Professor of Philosophy at Dartmouth College, who hadgraduated from Chicago and was continuing his work toward his doctorate.John made a most creditable academicrecord during his college years butfound time to take an active part inforensics, dramatics, publications, andintramural sports and become a leadingmember of Phi Gamma Delta. In hisjunior year he was on the Cap andGown board and as a senior was Athletic Editor of the Daily Maroon. Continuing as a student in the Law School,he was elected vice president of the LawClass of 1907. Following graduationfrom Law School, he entered into thepractice of law in Kansas City specializing in real estate, corporate and business law. He was active in the KansasCity and Missouri Bar Associations.John Wright died of a heart attackwhile on a summer cruise in the Caribbean. He is survived by his wife, Mrs.Alice Quarles Wright who was withhim on the cruise.Austin A. Hayden, '02, MD '04, age58, on July 10, 1940, Chicago. Dr.Hayden was widely known as an eye,ear, nose and throat specialist.Howard C. Hill, PhD '25, 62 yearsold, since 1917 head of the departmentof social science of the University ofChicago high school, and since 1924 a professor in the University, on June 25,1940. Dr. Hill had written about 50textbooks on social science, literatureand economics.Allen David Hole, PhD '10, professor of geology at Earlham collegeand curator of the Joseph Moore museum, on August 22, 1940 in Philadelphia, Pa. Dr. Hole, a member of theEarlham faculty for 40 years, was 74years old.Ralph E. House, PhD '09, on April4, 1940 in Iowa City, la. Mr. Housewas connected with the State Universityof Iowa.John Milton Hover, '19, of Ypsi-lanti, Michigan on June 9, 1940. Professor Hover was Dean of Administration at the Michigan State NormalCollege.George Demetrius Josif, AM '19,principal of Cushing high school inRangoon, Burma, India, on March 14,1940.Mrs. Frances Ross Linfield, '95,Trustee of Linfield College since 1916and former Dean of Women, on March26, 1940 in Portland, Oregon.George C. Matson, PhD '20, Tulsageologist, oil man and engineer, resident of Tulsa for 21 years, on January3, 1940. He served on the faculties ofCornell, Illinois and Chicago universities and then was affiliated with theUnited States Geological Survey. Heset up his own office as a consultinggeologist in 1921.William McCracken, '05, retiredprofessor of chemistry at Western StateTeachers College in Kalamazoo, on June13, 1940 at the age of 76.William W. Miller, Jr., '20. onAugust 6, 1940, in Highland Park, Illinois.Caroline Sheldon Moore, '96, former teacher, on May 22, 1940, Red-lands, California.George Milton Potter, AM '12, onMay 30, 1940, in Hollywood, Fla. For21 years he was president of ShurtleffCollege in Alton, 111. and for four yearshe was Chief Deputy in the CountyTreasurer's Office in Madison Co., 111.When he retired, he took up residencein Hollywood, Fla.Fan Randlette, PhB '26, on November 9, 1939. Miss Randlette was amember of the Murphy high school faculty in Mobile, Alabama.Yetta Scheftel, AM '07, MD '20,instructor in clinical neurology at RushMedical college since 1929, on September 9, 1940, Chicago. She was theauthor of an economics textbook and anumber of papers on nervous andmental diseases.Helen S. Stafford, PhD '23, professor of modern language at Wilmington College, on June 21, 1940, Wilmington, Ohio.Mrs. Dorothy Toon Walsh, '29, amember of the staff of John Moulds,Secretary of the Board of Trustees, onAugust 17, 1940 in Michigan. FREDERICK SPEIK, '05, MD '07During the summer months theAlumni Foundation lost through death,two of its most loyal and inspiring leaders. Dr. Frederick A. Speik of SouthPasadena, California died on June 30,1940. Fred Speik was known and lovedby thousands of Chicago alumni scattered from coast to coast. He enteredthe University as a freshman in 1901and for four years was one of the bestknown students on the Quadrangles. Amember of all the Class honor societiesand of Phi Delta Theta, he was appointed a Marshal in his senior year.But his greatest fame rested on his football prowess. He was one of the greatest ends that the University has everproduced and captained the team duringhis senior year, a season in which Chicago lost but one game. After graduation from the College, he continuedhis medical work at Rush where he obtained his doctor's degree in 1907.Doctor Speik married Edith C. Law-ton, '06, in 1909 and entered upon thepractice of medicine in Los Angeles.Specializing in internal medicine he attained an outstanding position in hisprofession serving as Professor ofMedicine in the University of SouthernCalifornia, as staff member of Pasadena Hospital and that of Los AngelesCounty and as an officer of the Countyand State Medical Associations. Dr.Speik was active in civic and political circles and was formerly head ofthe South Pasadena Community Chest.His continuing interest in the University was evidenced by his activity in herinterests. He acted as Chairman forSouthern California in the DevelopmentFund Campaign, served as President ofthe Southern California Alumni Cluband at the time of his death was a member of the National Committee of theAlumni Foundation and Chairman ofthe Foundation's Los Angeles Committee.SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF ALUMNICLASS OF 1944A new Freshman class this month is going through an "orientation" period on the University Quadrangles. As this issue of the Magazine goes to press the following roster of alumni children are amongthose enrolled for their first year on the Midway. They are an important segment of a carefully-chosen class.Second Generation Alumni ParentsDonald Arthur Abel Donald Frederick Abel, '25Riverside, 111. xGracjoy Charlene Apking. . . Charles Francis Apking, '24Chicago, 111.Norman Barker, Jr Norman Barker, '08Long Beach, Calif.Paul Edward Becker Arthur Edward Becker, '20Chicago, 111.Hugh Samuel Bonar, Jr Hugh .Samuel Bonar, '24Manitowoc, Wis.David Vail Lapham Brown. .Edward Vail Lapham Brown, '02,Winnetka, 111. M.D., '98Frieda Kirchoff Brown, '04Carl Olaf Bue, Jr Carl Olaf Bue, '24Downers Grove, 111.John Gibson Buzzell Virginia Hinkins Buzell, '13Delavan, Wis.Elizabeth Crane Carney William Robert Carney, '11Chicago, 111.Marie Antionette Corper Harry John Corper, '06, Ph.D. '11,Denver, Colo. M.D. '11.William Campbell Cox Benjamin Burton Cox, '21, S.M. '22Mountain Lakes, N. J. Nancy Campbell Cox, 22Robert Crabtree Dille John Flint Dille, '09Evanston, 111.Tohn Perry Dryden Perry Dryden, '17Geneva, 111.Harriet McAllister Eaton. .. Scott Verne Eaton, Ph.D. '20Chicago, 111. Edith Osgood Eaton, '09, A.M. '14David Norman Epstein Samuel B. Epstein, '13, J.D. '15Chicago, 111.Walter Llewellyn Erley Marion Llewellyn Erley, '19Chicago, 111.Donis Dorsett Fisher Daniel Jerome Fisher, '17, Ph.D. '22Chicago, 111. Dorothy Dorsett Fisher, '19Leonard Fisher Joseph Fisher, '16, J.D. '18Chicago, 111. Rose Oberman Fisher, '24Daniel Fogel Mania Holland F'ogel, '15Chicago, 111.Eugene Watson Gleason. .. .Archie Leland Gleason, S.B. '16,Great Falls, Mont. M.D. '18Janice Bess Goode Ralph Clarence Goode, M.D. '27Chicago, 111.Martin Everett Hanson Bertha Johnson Hanson, '19Cedar Rapids, IowaElizabeth Reed Headland. .. Paul Pleadland, '15Chicago, 111. Margaret Fenton Headland, '15Bernard Louis Heinen John Henry Heinen, '03Chicago, 111.Achibald Thomas Hoyne Archibald Lawrence Hoyne, '02,Chicago, 111. M.D. '04Marilyn Ruth Joselit Helen Goodman Joselit, '21Chicago, 111.Jack Edmond Kahoun Vlasta Spatny Kahoun, '13Berwyn, 111.Ernest A. Keller, Jr Ernest A. Keller, '18Glencoe, 111.Frank Brazzil Kelly, Jr Frank Brazzil Kelly, 18, M.D. '20Chicago, 111.Joseph Allan Kohl Lillian Simon Kohl, '15Chicago, 111.Richard Lieber Otto Walther Lieber, '17 J.D. '19Carmel, Ind. Elizabeth MacClintock Lieber, '17 Second Generation Alumni ParentsDorothy Aken Lindley Harold Ferguson Lindley, '11,Danville, 111. J.D. '12James Fulton Maclear John Fulton Maclear, '02, A.M. '04Oak Park, 111.Herbert Charles Madison. . .Charles Isaac Madison, '15Des Moines, la.Robert D. Mitchell Lilliace Montgomery Mitchell, '15Piano, 111.Carol Morgan Mooney Paul Mooney, '24Wyoming, OhioNancy Jane Newman Bernard Ellsworth Newman, '17Highland Park, 111. Theo. Griffith Newman, '17Gordon Ellis Northrup Mildred Gladys Gordon, '19Birmingham, Mich.Dunlap Wrisley Oleson Wrisley Bartlet Oleson, '18Glen Ellyn, 111. Harriet Curry Oleson, '18Paul Edward Paulson Paul Arthur Paulson, M.D. '18Massillon, OhioHelen Whitman Pearce Lydie Murton Lee Pearce, '14Chicago, 111.Hartley Allen Pfeil Edward Robert Pfeil, '20Flora, 111.Helen Ruth Reves Ruth Gustafson Reeves, '17Riverside, 111.Marjorie Frances Reis Ralph Reis, '15Chicago, 111. Rose Frances Reis, '19Carroll Devol Russell Paul Snowden Russell, '16Chicago, 111. Carroll Mason Russell, '19Minna Florence Sachs Florence Freund Sachs, '11Chicago, 111.Elizabeth Ann Sawyer Myrta McCoy Sawyer, '12San Antonio, TexasJohn Baldwin Shilton Earle Astor Shilton, '14Chicago, 111. Miriam Baldwin Shilton, '15Barbara Lawrence Smith... Zens L. Smith, S.M. '32Chicago, 111. Anna Quin Smith, '07Rita Louise Solomon Berenice Ladewick Solomon, '16Chicago, 111.Eleanor May Strauss Alfred Adolph Strauss, S.B. '07,Chicago, 111. M.D. '08James McK. Sutherland George Fred Sutherland, '17,Chicago, 111. M.D. '19Luella Margaret Swanson. . .Ralph John Swanson, '15Red Oak, la.Richard Ray Taylor Charles Fletcher Taylor, '16,Norton, Kans. M.D. '18Marianne E. Tompkins Ralph Hawthorne Tompkins, '19Evanston, 111.Fay Pauline Trolander Elmer Trolander, '15Chicago, 111.Mary Lillian Trovillion Robert Austin Trovillion, '31Chicago, 111.Robert Reed Wadlund Arthur Pehr Robert Wadlund,Wethersfield, Conn. Ph.D. '28Nancy Elizabeth Warner. . .Lucile Mertz Warner, '11Dixon, 111.Laura Malik Weintroub Benjamin Weintroub, '31Chicago, 111.Cicely Vance Woods Weightstill Arno Woods, '13Lombard, 111. Mary Holderness Woods, '14Stanley Rogers Zemer ..Stanley G. Zemer, 09, M.D. '13Lincoln, Nebr.EMPLOYERS HAVE PROBLEMS?JOB SPECIFICATIONSMEASURING HUMAN TALENTSSOURCES OF LABOR SUPPLYCREDENTIALS OF CANDIDATESKINDS OF TRAINING FOR JOBSJOB SPECIFICATIONSEvery human being possesses individual qualifications and every job has particular specifications.The wise employer considers both when hiring help.Looking for ugood" applicants is not enough. Workersmust be potentially good for doing definite things.The specific things to be done must be known beforethere can be intelligent hiring. Placement counselorscan render the most effective service when positionsare clearly described to them.F irst in a series of advertisements dealing with the workof the Board of Vocational Guidance and PlacementWHICH WE HELP SOLVETHE BOARD OF VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE AND PLACEMENTThe University of Chicago Midway 0800 • Local 391