'; *4 >jWH: .I* I'&& ¦**-*¦ . <* ¦•-*• r* .-<•• ** » - •¦*-» J , J AI la mut.\mhui^r,\[THE UNIVERSITYOFHICAQO MAGAZINETHE ALUMNI COUNCILOFTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOSecretary and Editor, CHARLTON T. BECK, '04The Council for 1937-38 is composed of the following delegates:From the College Association: Josephine T. Allin,"99; Arthur C. Cody, '24; Davie HendricksEssington, '08; Charles C. Greene, '19, JD'21 * Olive Greensfelder, '16; Charles G. Higgins,'20; Francis Henderson Higgins, '20; J. Kenneth Laird, '25; Herbert I. Markham, '05;Robert T. McKinlay, '29, JD'32; Frank McNair, '03; Helen Norris, '07; John Nuveen, Jr.,'19; Milton E. Robinson, Jr., '11, JD"13; Paul S. Russell, '16; Elizabeth Sayler, '35; CliftonUtley, '26; Helen Wells, '24.From the Doctors of Philosophy Association: Herbert Blumer, PhD'28; Robert V. Merrill,PhD'23; Harold A. Swenson, PhD'31.From the Divinity Association: William S. Hockman, AM'24; Orvis F. Jordan, DB'13; Morgan Williams, AM'23.From the Law School Association: Dwight H. Green, '20, JD'22; Charles F. McElroy,AM'06, JD'15; Charles P. Schwartz, '08, JD'09.From the Education Association: Harold A. Anderson, '24, AM'26; Paul ;M. Cook, AM'27;Robert C. Woellner, AM'24.From the School of Business Association: George W. Benjamin, '35; Louise Forsyth, '30;Neil F. Sammons, '17.From the Rush Medical College Association: E. J. Stieglitz, '18, SM'19, MD'21; William A.Thomas, '12, MD'16; Richard W. Watkins, MD'25.From the School of Social Service Administration Association: Ruth Strine Bellstrom, '31,AM'33; Margaret Cochran Bristol, AM'33; Anna Sexton Mitchell, AM'30.From the Association of the School of Medicine in the Division of the BiologicalSciences: Sylvia H. Bensley, MD'30; Egbert H. Fell, MD'32; Harold Huston, '28, MD'33.From the Chicago Alumnae Club: Ruth Stagg Lauren, '25; Barbara Miller Simpson, '18;Louise Norton Swain, '09, AM'16.From the Chicago Alumni Club: Dan H. Brown, '16; John W. Chapman, '15, JD'17; John J.Schommer, '09.From the University: John F. Moulds, '07.Alumni Associations Represented in the Alumni CouncilThe College Alumni Association: President, Arthur C. Cody, '24; Secretary, Charlton T.Beck, '04, University of Chicago.Doctors of Philosophy Association: President, A. Eustace Haydon, PhD'18; Secretary, Herbert Blumer, PhD'28, University of Chicago.Divinity School Association: President, Philip G. Van Zandt, '07, DB'10; Secretary, CharlesT. Holman, DB'16, University of. Chicago.Law School Association: President, Dwight H. Green, '20, JD'22; Secretary, Charles F.McElroy, AM'06, JD'15, 29 South LaSalle Street, Chicago.School of Education Association: President, Aaron J. Brumbaugh, PhD'29; Secretary, Le-nore John, AM'27, 6009 Kimbark Avenue, Chicago.School of Business Association: President, George Benjamin, '35; Secretary, Shirley Davidson, '35, 8232 South Sangamon Street, Chicago.Rush Medical College Association: President, Robert Herbst, MD'00; Secretary, Carl O.Rinder, '11, MD'13, 122 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago.School of Social Service Administration Association: President, Georgia Ball, AM'31 ; Secretary, Kathryn Lain, AM'35, Illinois Children's Home and Aid Society, 203 North WabashAvenue, Chicago.Association of the Medical School of the Division of Biological Sciences: President, JohnVan Prohaska, '28, MD'34; Secretary, Gail M. Dack. PhD'27, MD'33, University of Chicago.All communications should be sent to the Secretary of the proper Association or to the Alumni Council,Faculty Exchange, University of Chicago. The dues for membership in any one of the Associations namedalbove, including subscription to The University of Chicago Magazine, are $2.00 per year. A holderof more Degrees from the University of Chicago may be a member of more than one Association; in suchinstances the dues are divided and shared equally by the Associations involved.r^iB^.^-^.- "ZHRSMS#£S CURRENT COST ASA VA//FRIGIDAIRESift METER-MISERSaves More on. ..Current. ..Food. ..Ice. ..Upkeep-T^^r-^^rrTT,. . or t/ou ma// not Save afa///new SilentMETER-MISERSimplest refrigerating mechanismEVER built. Uses so little current—You can hardly hear it run!Saves up to 25$ more on electricity than even the current-savingMeter-Miser of 1937. And proves itssimplicity ... So amazingly silentyou can't doubt its ability to givelong, economical, trouble-free service. Completely sealed! Automatically oiled and cooled! Comes with5 -Year Protection Plan backed byGeneral Motors. Saves you moreon current— food— ice— upkeep, all4 ways ! 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Send in your score to theEditor of this magazine.QUESTIONS1. Who is generally regarded as the arch-traitor of American history?2. What valuable picture, stolen from theLouvre in 1911, was returned two yearslater?3. Name the writer who won the Pulitzerprize for the best American novel published during 1925, and later refused theprize.4. To what country do-Alsace and Lorrainenow belong?5. What do the initials "K.C.B." after anEnglishman's name stand for?6. Who was Ann Hathaway?7. Who .wrote Seventeen ?8. What is Cathay?9. What two great prelates of the fourthcentury held violently contradictory viewson the subject of the creed of theChristian church?10. From what country did Columbus sail toAmerica?11. What Greek physicist, while in his bath,cried "Eureka!" upon discovering ameans of testing the amount of alloy inKing Hiero's crown?| 12. What product, is advertised by theslogan: "A skin you love to touch"?13. In what part of what continent is opencountry referred to as the veldt?j 14. What is the highest mountain in WesternEurope?15. What kind of rock is woven into cloth,and why?16. The Chocolate Soldier is a musical version of what play by George BernardShaw?17. Who wrote The Wealth of Nations?18. What is the unit of weight used inweighing precious stones?19. What is "the Escurial"?20. What is the Democratic political organization in New York City called?21. Give the next line after: "All the world'sa stage."22. What are sponges?23. What woman caused Joseph to be castinto prison?24. With what field of commercial activityare the following mainly identified: [a]Selfridge,[b] Rhodes,[c] Lipton?25. Across what river is the Assouan Dam?26. What eloquent Brooklyn divine was abrother of the author of Uncle Tom'sCabin?27. During whose reign did Shakespearewrite Venus and Adonis?28. Who wrote Damaged Goods?29. What have the following in common:David Starr Jordan, Arthur TwiningHadley, Alexander Meiklejohn?30. What is the meaning of "K.C" in Britishcourts of law?31. Who has been called "The Wizard ofMenlo Park"?32. What is meant by "Romance languages"?33. Who wrote The Jungle Book?34. Is dynamite detonated by ignition orpercussion?35. Who composed Carmen?36. What literary member of the FrenchAcademy died in 1924?37. In what years was the war between theUnited States and Mexico?38. The former Speaker of the House ofRepresentatives, Nicholas Longworth,married the daughter of a President.Who was she?Street..City.... ..State.. Answers on page VI, rearadvertising section epnt/r toA MARVELOUS VACATION INCOOL COLORADO• What more perfect vacation spotthan cool, colorful Colorado —nestled in the refreshing, invigorating Rockies?• And what more perfect way to getthere than in the air-conditionedluxury of one of Burlington's wonder trains — the DENVER ZEPHYRS?• These diesel - powered, stainlesssteel streamlined flyers offer everyconceivable accommodation — at noexcess fare. Their speedy 16 -hourschedule gives you two extra daysin glorious Colorado. 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A servantthat will be even more efficientusing Westinghouse apparatus andappliances.Westinghouse&fikIV.II The most important 1act of his life "D6ar "¦"""TI Killed in an auto^e-cident, hoSfSe^l^- and though«ul but ^-oet* rri%H^ve^;-neTpds»erto carry onIn his Place for our^ ^ ^ ^.^ ^toe;r°lr0V^ace fo/ourson and <"- •would notin his place 10 policy, He toe*> But he saidWhen my ^^^^0^ °' ^aSfhe^^teotion aato"e easy to Pay^e^ save money and t P fy I -*»be easy to pay the P'^e money and x- ^ day I ,J^ taking this P^°fhlmuch for what you did for us.Thank yon so much sinoerely yo«s.(_ — ">fALTHOUGH the above is not an actual case, it±\ is entirely typical of many letters receivedby representatives of the New York Life. Quitenaturally, a New York Life representative enjoysa deep sense of satisfaction when he sees at firsthand what life insurance really means to those heserves. If you would like to know more about ourattractive Family Income Policy, ask the New YorkLife representative in your community. Or, writeto the address belowT. College men may be interested in the New YorkLife's plan for 1938 to select a few qualified collegegraduates for its field organization in each of itsbranch offices. You may know of some promisingyoung man whom you would be willing to recommend for this work. If you will send us his nameand address, the Company will be glad to forwardhim a copy of a little book, WA Career in LifeUnderwriting."SAFETY IS ALWAYS THE FIRST C ONSID ERATION... NOTHING ELSE IS SO IMPORTANTNEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE COMPANYA Mutual Company founded on April 12, 1845THOMAS A. BUCKNER, Chairman of the Board 51 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, N. Y. ALFRED L. AIKEN, PresidentTHE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEALUMNI COUNCILHoward P. Hudson, '35Associate EditorPUBLISHED BY THECharlton T. Beck, '04Editor and Business ManagerFred B. Millett, PhD '31; William V. Morgenstern, '20, JD '22; Paul MacleanContributing Editors •Milton E. Robinson, Jr., 11, JD '13; Dan H. Brown, '16; Ruth Stagg Lauren, '25Council Committee on PublicationsN THIS ISSUETHE Cover: Hutchinson Courtwith Mitchell Tower in thebackground, photographed byDeWitt Kelley, '38.Harold D. Lasswell, '22, PhD'26, associate professor of PoliticalScience, picked a happy time to visitthe Orient. He went "out there" lastsummer, just in time for the "incident" that has been raging ever since.Returning recently, Mr. Lasswelltook time from a busy teaching andlecturing schedule to give us in journal form his observations of the Sino-Japanese crisis of last summer.Dorothy Ulrich, '36, is the authorof Thornton Wilder, Professor andPlaywright, the second prize winnerin the recent Manuscript Contest,which we publish in this issue. Thethird prize winner will appear nextmonth.President Hutchins' educationalviews as expressed in The HigherLearning in America, and ProfessorHarry Gideonse's rebuttal in TheHigher Learning in a Democracy,have assumed international proportions. Recently a writer for a Zurich, Switzerland, newspaper discussed the ideas represented by thetwo men. His article, written inGerman, has been translated for pub lication in the Magazine, and will befound on Page 10 of this issue.•Last year Harry A. Bigelow, Deanof the Law School informed Maga-TABLE OF CONTENTSAPRIL, 1938PageSino-Japanese Crisis July-August,1937, Harold D. Lasswell 3Thornton Wilder: Professor andPlaywright, Dorothy Ulrich 7The Problem of the American University 10Senior Class Activities, Jack M. Fet-man 13The Law School Plan in Action,Ernest Kirschten 14In My Opinion, Fred B. Millett 16News of the Quadrangles, WilliamV. Morgenstern isAthletics, Paul Maclean 20News of the Classes 22 sine readers of proposed revisions inthe training of lawyers at the University. This year the plan became areality. It attracted the attention ofthe St. Louis Post-Dispatch whichsent Ernest Kirschten, a staff writer,to Chicago. His findings are reprinted in the Magazine this monthwith the kind permission of the Post-Dispatch.Don't forget themichael debate Aprilon the next page. Hutchins-Car-15. Details areSenior classes at the University arealways striving for new projects fortheir groups. One class, several yearsago, staged a Fandango in the fieldhouse. This year's class plans acampus-wide conference, to whichalumni are invited, for the purpose ofdeciding what's wrong, if anything,with the University. Here's a chancefor the malcontents to gain relief —and perhaps they'll do something constructive. An outline of this programis in the Magazine this month.Chicago won one and one-halfchampionships in the winter sportsseason just closed. The completerankings in the Big Ten tournamentsare reviewed by Paul Maclean.Published by the Alumni Council of the University of Chicago monthly, from November to July. Office of Publication, 403 Cobb Hall, 58th St. atEllis Avenue, Chicago. Annual subscription price $2.00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1, 1934, at the Post Officeat Chicago, Illinois, under the act of March 3, 1879. The Graduate Group, Inc., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the official advertising agencyof the University of Chicago Magazine.WHAT IS AN EDUCATION?OLIVER CROMWELL CARMICHAEL ROBERT MAYNARD HUTCHINSHEAR THEM DISCUSS THIS QUESTIONAT THE ALUMNI ASSEMBLYFriday, April 15-8:30 P.M.MANDEL HALLAll alumni are invited to hear this stimulating discussion of currenteducational theories by President Hutchins and Chancellor Carmichaelof Vanderbilt University, newly inducted head of the Southern institution.THIS IS THE LAST CHANCEfor Alumni Association members to get tickets. After this notice, thebulk of the remaining tickets will be distributed among the general alumnibody. Plans are being made to handle an overflow audience in HutchinsonCommons when the supply of tickets is exhausted.SEND IN THE COUPON TODAYThe Alumni Assembly CommitteeRobert Todd McKinlay, '29, JD '32, ChairmanThe Alumni Council, Cobb Hall 403, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.Gentlemen: Enclosed find a stamped, self-addressed envelope. Please send me tickets for the Hutchins-Carmichaeldebate at the Alumni Assembly April 15. I understand that the Committee reserves the right to limit the tickets to two peralumnus if the demand warrants it.Name AddressVOLUME XXX THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINE NUMBER 6APRIL, 1938SINO- JAPANESE CRISISJuly-Ausust, 1937By HAROLD D. LASSWELL, '22, Ph.D.'26, Associate Professor of Political Science(The following jottings come from notes which Iscribbled to various people during the critical days. Ihave discussed some of the factors in the crisis in theMarch number of the American Journal oj Sociology,and much earlier in the Special Fall Number of theChina Quarterly.- — H. D. L.)On Board, 9 July . . . Yesterday turned foggy, andwe are still running at reduced speed, with the fog hornclearing its throat at intervals. The returned missionarywho has been looking after my soul finally came throughwith a contribution to knowledge. The talk was aboutthe early translations of hymns into Japanese. You mayrecall the original lines :"Let every creature rise and bringPeculiar honors to our King."The translation came out in Japanese which meantsomething like this :'Ye monsters of the bubbling deepYour Maker's praises shout,Up from the sands ye coddling peep,And wag your tails about."Tokyo, 10 July ... On the way from Yokohamato Tokyo the people are as thick as ticks, and they wearanything from shirts and shorts to the civilian garb oftlie genteel epoch in Europe before the War (blacksuits, collars — stiff and high, — white vests, straw hats).Most of the population clops along on wooden sandals.The blue kimonos are gay and bright. School-childrenlook like German youngsters with their visored capsand sailor suits.K can't make up his mind whether the Marco Polobridge affair is the long expected spark or not. Manyof the diplomats are growling that the "silly season" hasbegun. It is famous that when the ambassadors andtop secretaries get comfortably settled out of the humidity of Tokyo, and the underlings are left in control,trouble begins to pop and fizz. There are the famous"Thursday Wars" and the "Sunday Wars" that turnup just in time to spoil a weekend in the mountains. Ktakes a serious view of this situation because his informants say that Japanese troops are quietly moving to thecontinent. He also says that the Russians were so supine in the recent Amur river dispute that they practically served notice on the Japanese that they would donearly anything but fight. Tokyo, 11 July . . . Saw R in the lobby of the Imperial this morning and razzed him gently but firmly.R announced to everybody on the boat that he was "determined to climb Fuji," that he had been to Japan anuntold number of times and never climbed Fuji. Thistime, by Wrigley, he was going to climb Fuji. One ofthe native papers carried a story about an old Japanesegentleman of 109 years who was going to climb Fuji(under his ownpower) tomorrow. We triedto convince Rthat he was tooimmature toclimb Fuji.The crisislooks very blacktoday. First ameeting of theinner Cabinet,then a meetingof the wholeCabinet, then avisit by thePrime Ministerto the Emperor'ssummer retreat;in the afternoon,heads of nationalo r ganizationsheard the situa-t i o n explainedto them and gave the government a blank check. H, anamazingly objective Japanese, thinks nothing will stopthe taking of the northern provinces of China (or atleast most of them). He believes that the big businessgroups are opposed to a forward policy at this time, butthat they are afraid of assassination at the hands of thepatriotic societies. H says that the Japanese public waseasy to win over for the conquest of the Manchurianprovinces of China because the provinces didn't belongto China anyway. But Peiping is something else again ;everybody knows that Peiping is Chinese, and that therewill be a constant undercurrent of criticism : "Why,after all, are we in Chinese territory?" He thinks thisHAROLD D. LASSWELL34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwill not stop the military, but that it may moderate expansionism to some extent.Never miss the No plays again. The speech of theseclassical No dramas cannot be understood by modernJapanese, and it makes a fantastic first impression on theear of the Westerner. The opening theme of the firstplay was a prolonged gargle. But the rich cadences ofthe human voice soon banish any impression of merenoisiness. The deliberate gestures of the dance are exquisitely complete. Some modern experimental theatershave put the stage in the middle of the theater in thehope of establishing more intimate contact between actorand audience, and enhancing the possibilities of multidimensional action. The No stage is a much better solution of the problem of depth perception without loss ofa stable and beautiful frame within which action moves.The stage is only three feet above the floor, but the smalltheater is so arranged that only those who sit in theImperial box directly in front of the main stage, or whosit in the boxes along the wall diagonal to the stage, lookdown upon the actors (and then, but slightly). Thereis no balcony or gallery to dwarf the players.The long promenade can be used to carry on sub-plays within the main play (although this is actually notthe function of the promenade in the No dramas).Shakespeare on the No stage could be preserved fromthe upping and downing of the curtain for every minorincident. Subordinate episodes could be carried on(concurrently if desired) along the gangway.Tokyo, 12 July ... G is certain that nothing canstop the capture of the northern provinces by the Japanese. He declares that the control of the initiative inJapanese expansion by the junior officers is not exaggerated. It is not easy to ascertain just who the mainsprings are, because they are scattered around in positions which are technically crucial, though somewhatsubordinate to the "fronts" whom they direct. It is bythis time famous that the Japanese diplomatic service issupposed to toss verbal dust in the eyes of the foreignworld wThile the effective rulers of Japan go on abouttheir interpretation of their own business; and it isequally obvious that the army is split between moderatesat the very top and immoderates who work in theirshadow (the army split is not repeated in the navy).G believes that the most important figures in Japaneseexpansion are General Terauchi, Inspector General ofMilitary Education; Lieutenant General Imai, AssistantChief of the General Staff; Major General Anan, formerDirector, Soldiers' Affairs Bureau of the War Office,now chief of the Personnel Division ; Lieutenant GeneralItagacki, Commander of the Hiroshima Division ; Lieutenant General Umezu, Vice-Minister of War ; Lieutenant General Isogai, Director of the Military Affairs Bureau, the War Office. Another key group controls thenetwork of patriotic societies. Toyama is, of course, thevenerable patriarch, but his heirs apparent include Colonel Kobayachi (retired; former military attache inParis), Colonel Hashimoto (retired; commander of anartillery regiment), Lieutenant General Tatekawa (ex-commander of the Osaka Division).Tokyo, 14 July , . . F delivered himself of an ex traordinary amount of sensible stuff about Japanese eco~nomics. Mountainous figures are available about Japan,but reliable information is hard to get. There seem tobe no uniform rules of accounting: "depreciation," forexample, is handled in the most capricious fashion. Ifthere are no profits the first year, depreciation may notbe charged at all, although the value of the machinerymay dwindle more rapidly in the first than in succeeding years. "Reserves" of many kinds are built up, however, and seem to compensate in many respect for gapsin the depreciation account. Both depreciation and reserve items are managed in order to maintain dividendrates and share earnings.The bonus practice which is so widespread in Japanese industry obscures the true cost of labor. Althoughit is perhaps impossible to generalize fixed rules, thecommon practice is to distribute annual or biennial supplements to salary and wages. The wages which areusually cited to emphasize the low cost of labor in Japanare wage rates and not realized wages, which would include bonus supplements. This tends to create exaggerated ideas abroad about the cheapness of labor inthis country. There are many indirect costs (like medical care, food, and even lodging) which do not appear inthe wage account.An important clue to the cheapness and efficiency ofoperation in Japanese industry is the small units whichare marginal to the big modern plants and large scalecombines. Literally millions of small shops and tinymanufacturing enterprises are in operation ; they dependupon family loyalty. Family members may spend onlypart of their time in the enterprise, and derive incomefrom their supplementary tasks.Shanghai, 27 July . . . The train ride from Tokyoto Kyoto led across the broken country by the seashore.We wound among foothills, crawled through tunnels,skirted rice paddies most of the way. The worker inthe rice paddies wears a straw hat and a protecting shieldof straw on his back. Most of the time he is bent overtending the green shoots which stand in mud and water.I reverted to my ancient habit of writing "Inscriptions"(you remember how I put you to sleep once expoundingthe theory of "Inscriptions"; the length of the theoryvaries inversely with the length of the result). Hereis an "Inscription" about "A Worker in a Rice Paddy" :Straw scarabOn a matOf verdant muck.Which reminds me of an "inscription" I wrote aboutyour beloved geisha girls. Let me say right now I haveno sympathy, only pity, for your admiration of thesegirls. Those whitewashed faces ! Those fish house headsof hair! So prepare to sneer in self-defense. This"inscription" is "Geisha Eyes" :Amber wellsIn painted desertBelow an ebony pyreOf hair.About the flying fish we do, at least, agree. Therewere thousands of them with us on the way across,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 5flashing silver white as they leaped from crest to crest.Hence this, "The Flying Fish" :FleckOf poplar leafIn liquid sky.As we met the great apron of sediment which spreadsthrough the sea from the mouth of the Yangtze river,this happened. It is called "Approach to Shanghai bySea" :DustFrom the feetOf ChinaIn the eyeOf the westernSea.Nanking, 4 August . . . Saw N again today. Byall odds the most impressive mind I have seen in actionon this trip. His position (which I described to you)makes him probably the best informed Chinese. Hesandwiches in half hours with me, drops the tense moodof the conference committee, dilates on the larger outlines of the scene. Utterly discreet : no hints of the "spotnews" kind, but examines the picture with superb objectivity. Points out that while the country is more orless unified under the Generalissimo (for whom he hasa great deal of respect), unity is still more facade thanfact. It is still necessary for the central government tomake all sorts of concessions to leaders in Kwangsi (inthe south), Szechuan (in the west), Hunan (in the center), Shansi (in the north), and to the communists inthe northwest. Control over the other provinces in thenorth is highly attenuated (the Japanese can completetheir occupation any time ; the real issue is whether thecentral government can make a face-saving deal and goahead with the modernization of the country, or whetherthe fighting must be done now at fearful odds).Northern military leaders connected with Feng andthe Young Marshal are vehemently anti -Japanese. Thereis an important group in control of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang (the party) which carries weightin Chinese affairs, and the Whampoa cadets ("BlueShirts") are another center of political influence. The"political science faction" (formerly led by Huang Fu,then by Yang Yung-tai, and now doubtless by ChangChun) is often called a "pro- Japanese clique" (manyof them studied in Japan). H. H. Kung and T. V.Soong (with the other members of the "Soong dynasty")work together on many points, but diverge at manypoints. Sun-Fo (son of Sun Yat-sen) stresses constitutionalism (his group is weak). The. widow of Dr.Sun exercises a certain moral influence over the imagination of young leftists, but she is practically kept inseclusion. Perhaps the intellectuals in the Cabinet maybe said to be another group, but their role is more technical than policy making. The Shanghai financial group(Soong-Kung) controls 70 per cent of Shanghai financeand hence is decisive in China. Their staffs are chieflymanned from students who have returned from Americaand Europe: they are "go-getters" and they are nationalists.Nanking, 7 August . . . B was nearly beside him self with rage last night. He stormed all during dinnerand afterwards : a livid stream of vituperation against the"pro- Japanese" forces in the national government. WarMinister Ho and others are opposed to accepting theJapanese challenge. They insist that the armies ofChina would soon collapse under the Japanese fist. "Allthat means," blazed B, uis that Ho and the rest of themare afraid to fight a bitter-end fight because they knowtheir days are numbered as soon as they run a masswar. Of course the Japanese will roll up the Chinesein the flat country in the north! Of course they willtake Nanking! But that's not the end; that's the beginning. Guerrilla warfare is the answer, and guerrillawarfare means intimate collaboration with the masses.lt means that the communist leaders of the northwestwill take the place of these parade ground generals, andthey know it! It means that the supine policy of theKuomintang is completely discredited in China and thatthe northwest communists will be the moral leaders ofChina when the supreme test comes."B is a perfect specimen of one variety of western-trained Chinese. Dark eyes gleaming, he talks like 14thStreet and looks like the wrath of God. B is not a communist, but he will be anything to smash the Japanesebefore the Japanese smash China. He wants war now.He wants to get rid of the control over China which isnow exerted by Shanghai finance and all the "bourgeois"and foreign element for which they stand.This time I played the part of the calm Oriental (offiction) and presently we agreed: (1) war would expedite the supremacy of the military in Japan, creatingwhat I called a "garrison state" ; (2) war would be carried on against the Japanese (against long interior linesof communication) for a long time; (3) the resultinginterior state in China would be nationalistic, militaristic, equalitarian ("Chinese national socialist") ; but theinterior groups might split in the process of reaching thisend.Nanking, 8 August . . . Saw for myself today aperfect example of the degree to which indecision paralyzes Chinese internal and external propaganda. Reports came to the Central News Agency about a smallclash in the north between Japanese and Chinese troops.The officials couldn't decide whether to release the storyor not. If released, it would stir up war fever, and itwas not sure that the "stop Japan now" policy was goingto win. The issue was taken to the head of the publicitydepartment of the Kuomintang, who in turn broachedthe matter to the Generalissimo over the telephone.There was much calling and countercalling : finally thestory was not released.It is rather pathetic to see that our American press associations have left Nanking practically uncovered,shooting their men up north to Peiping, when it is obvious that the critical decisions are being made here andin Shanghai. Another example of the search for spotsensationalism instead of significant news.Shanghai, 11 August . . . Got back from Nankingjust in time to see C of the Bank (Chinese). I askedhim whether the Japanese mil'tary was right in tellingthe Japanese business men that the expansion of businessin North China depended on bayonets. C said that by6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEnow the amount of bitterness was so serious that Japanese business would be handicapped for fifty years even ifthere should be a reversal of policy toward China. Japanhad been building up resentment against herself since1915. C declared that Japanese business had not expanded in spectacular fashion in China before the forward policy, but that it had expanded within the occupied area. Japan was too poor to get control of publicutilities in competition with outside capital.C told me that he had been quietly urging in this crisisthat China had better swallow another "bitter pill" andstop talking about the "bitter end". If the end werereally bitter, Chinese civilians and soldiers would ravagetheir own country to prevent the advancing Japanesearmy from finding supplies, and he doubted whetherthe people were worked up to such self-sacrifice. Twoweeks ago he said that if there were no incidents for afortnight, successful negotiations might take place, andNanking could acquiesce in the control of the north bythe Japanese without precipitating a severe internalcrisis. He took a grave view of the Hungjao road affair, and told me that Japanese warships had just appeared in the harbor. He felt this was probably theend. They would demand the withdrawal of the peacepreservation corps and this could not be accepted byNanking.He said that the main reason for Japanese expansionin the north was to get a continental supply of coal, ironore and cotton. C believes that the Japanese have determined to press the crisis until the Generalissimo iseliminated and a more acquiescent figure (perhaps W.,and the "political science faction") control Nanking. Hebelieves that the Japanese are counting on the less extreme groups to isolate the Generalissimo, which is thetactic they have successfully used in previous encroachments on Chinese territory.As for the Chinese, B said that they had foreseen theapproaching struggle and taken certain financial measures to strengthen their position. These measures werea natural outgrowth of the discussions among Shanghaibanking interests and the government. Foreign advisorshave been technical critics of Chinese proposals. Theestablishment of the customs gold unit for computationThe University of Chicago Club of New York turnedout March 4 to hear Harry D. Gideonse, associate professor of Economics and Nathaniel Peffer, '11, authorand lecturer on foreign affairs, discuss the subject, "Liberalism; What Is It?"The meeting was held in the Harvard Club Rooms.This was the joint annual meeting of the men's andwomen's alumni organizations and Cyrus Le Roy Baldridge, '11, and Mrs. Frank Vanderlip presided.Mr. Gideonse maintained that freedom of speech,thought and action, springs largely from economic free- purposes was the first important positive measure; butmost important was the determination to prohibit theuse of specie as legal tender in China, and to build upsilver reserves abroad. C believes that if the Chinesecan put up a stubborn resistance the finances of Japanwill be in a fearful muddle in six months.On our way to dinner in C's car, I saw that the seatwas piled with documents. He commented that he wastaking valuable documents home with him every night,and that all important files had been removed a monthago to the French Concession and to the interior.Shanghai, 12 August . . . Saw U (a European) inthe cold gray dawn this morning after the party at C's.U was bursting with scandal and brandy as usual, andthis time announced that the war was all set. And did Iwant to know who started it here in Shanghai? Well,the answer was a certain banker, D. D was absolutelyconvinced that the Chinese could defeat the Japanesenow, and that they didn't want or expect any real resistance at Shanghai : "so let 'em have it". U went on, "Andmark my word, young man. The Chinese Air Force willcollapse like an egg shell. You Americans are going toget a very black eye (to say nothing of a lot of crookedChinese politicians)".(Later) Banker E (also Chinese) declares that theJapanese are perfectly able to compete with the Chinesewithout resort to force. Textile mills especially havebeen expanded by the Japanese, and he was able to testifythat in the case of one very large deal, the Chinese soldout to the Japanese in the north for reasons which werepurely commercial and utterly devoid of politics. Whilewe were talking the telephone rang; the message wasthat two divisions of Chinese soldiers had just been concentrated in the Chinese city, occupying the civic center.E became very agitated. "This is the end. Actual fighting will begin today or tomorrow". He paused, and Igot up to go. Then he broke out, "This is the beginningof the end for China. This is a tragic mistake".As I came downstairs B was waiting for me. His eyesand teeth were all agleam. "They can't stop this warnow!" he exulted, "We called their bluff! China willlive through anguish but China will come out whole !"dom and that without the latter there can be no freedom. Mr. Peffer took the view that power and monopoly were existent, could not be eliminated, and therefore,should be controlled and dominated by the government.Neither speaker gave ground and as the evening waxedon and the discussion period opened, the contest becamequite heated. Adjournment took place with loyal Chicagoans figuratively almost at each other's throats, butall parted as friends.According to reports, the meeting was one of the mostsuccessful ever held by the two organizations.New York Club MeetsTHORNTON WILDER:PROFESSOR AND PLAYWRIGHTSecond Prize in Manuscript ContestTHERE is a fallacy which haspersisted on the lips of manygenerations. It is the notionthat those who can, do; those whocan't teach. Although it has been atenacious prejudice, its error is easilyproved.Those who attended the Universityof Chicago during the fortunate yearsbetween the spring of 1931 and thefall of 1936 had a distinguished privilege. They could learn about themasterpieces of Greece and Rome andof the Renaissance from ThorntonWilder. And some could even writetheir first faltered college compositions under his exacting, but alwayssympathetic, scrutiny. His classestranscended all the ordinary intentions of academic courses. They werean exciting experience of living ; theypartook of the mind and the heartand the enlarged understandingwhich is possible in their combinedpresence.Let us go back, you and I, to oneof those classes. It is a quarter toeight on the morning of April 26th.The seats of the Social Science Assembly Hall are gradually being filled.Even students who habitually riseonly for luncheon may be seen straggling in as the hour nears. Mr. Wilder arrives and hurries across the platform to open the window. Then hepaces slowly up and down and, as the bell rings, he suddenly arrests his steps to face the class. He leans a littleforward as if to take its members into his confidence.Today he will tell us about the physical aspects of theGreek theatre in the fifth century B. C. (That does notsound very exciting. After all we've read about amphitheatres, choruses, the costumes with high-belted togasand steep headdresses, the plastered and painted masks.We can divide a Greek play into prolog, parados, sta-simon, episodia, exodus, kommos. . . . But wait. . . . )April 26, 1934 retreats. Mr. Wilder has begun to speakwith special intensity. Under the stress of his imaginative words, the Social Science Assembly room becomesa great Athenian amphitheatre. We pay our 12c for theentertainment (in a few years the state will take overeven this expense), pull out the crimson cushions for thebenches, and sit tense and ready for the festival ofDorothy Ulrich, '36The second prize winner in the ManuscriptContest is now doing graduate work in American literature at Columbia University. Shehas written both poetry and prose for newspapers, magazines and anthologies. A nativeof Hartford, Connecticut, Miss Ulrich doesdramatic reviews for the Courant, has anarticle on Edwin Arlington Robinson appearing in an early issue of the magazine Avocations. • By DOROTHY ULRICH, '36Dionysius to begin. As we look aboutwe suddenly realize that our bookshave given us vast copies of a falseGreece. We are astonished by itscolor, the polychrome statues andarchitecture. Even the occasionalwhite has the character of a color ;it is an accent. Nor does life seemany longer pole, serene, poised."Great ages have no time for poise".We understand that now. Here it iserratic, iridescent, nervous. The excitement of the competition has penetrated the whole spirit of that vastcrowd, thousands of people all seatedaccording to tribes. They are speculating about the new plays. Theyare remembering the meeting in theOdeon on the night before, when thenames of the authors and the titles oftheir plays, the names of the actorsand the patron had been announced.These Greeks are swift emotionaltalkers. They enjoy the savor of living at its highest pitch. Althoughthey play with their government andwith their morals, they approach theirart with perpetual earnestness. But,hush, the dawn has broken upon thescene with the first amazing brightness of the Athenian day and the playis about to begin. The new tragedybrings all the energy of the audience to focus upon thestage. It is the Agamemnon of Aeschylus. They love thegreat simplicity of the opening which gives the emotionalmain theme of the play. Clytemnestra's speech fascinatesthem, — they have a particular fondness for geography.The Greeks are able to grasp wholes ; they possess theluxury of being and thinking simply. They are nottroubled by generalizations. This Aeschylus pleasesthem because he ignores specific detail for fundamentals."He doesn't give anything for mere credulity; he has amind above minutiae." This is a creative audience ; theintensity of its interest reaches out to meet the effort ofthe actors. The story of the play is as well known tothem as their own lives but that does not bother them.They haven't been spoiled by onrushing plot as we ofthe future and surely their prevision is more maturethan our cherished suspense.They weigh the problem of Clytemnestra's murder ofAgamemnon. It is boastful, — touched with "hubris". It78 THE UNIVERSITY OFis gleeful. It is insane^— with a "responsible insanity".Her crime is not a personal crime ; she is the agent forthe release of a family curse just as Helen is. Theyhear Clytemnestra's defense: the murder was justifiedbecause Agamemnon had sacrificed Iphigenia and hehad been unfaithful, she had needed Aegisthus to helpher quell the political anarchy which had risen in Agamemnon's absence. Clytemnestra's self-pity is in therealm of higher sarcasm. She always refers to herself asa poor weak woman or a bashful girl. . . . Her welcoming speech is really a lawyer's speech, — and to the chorus,not to Agamemnon. . . . Agamemnon marches up thecrimson carpet. . . . The tragedy moves on. . . . Finallyit ends with a tremendous let-down so that it will notlessen the effect of the Choepherae. At about one o'clockthe tetralaogy of tragedies is finished. . . . The afternoon has lighter dramatic fare, two comedies. One ofthese is a cruel personal satire. We learn from theirimmense enjoyment that the Greeks lack pity, humanityand tenderness . . . how loudly they laugh when theyare enjoying immunity from someone else's catastrophe ! . . . Now the most exciting time of all has come,the awarding of the prizes. First the candidates arechosen from each tribe and then a judge is chosen fromeach one. Finally five judges are selected who vote. Thewinner of the tragedy puts up a tablet as thank offeringto Dionysius. The comic author puts up some stageproperty.So, day after day, we went into that astonishing theatreof the imagination. Again and again we returned tocelebrate the sunny festival of Dionysius and to watchthrough Mr. Wilder's words the whole procession ofancient masterpieces : the Choepherae, the Antigone, theOedipus trilogy . . . the outline plots of the lost plays ofEuripides, the Aerope, Telephos, the Andromeda. . . .We read these plays as we had been reading assignedplays for years and years of classes. But when we cameto this class it was not merely to submit our minds tomore mature comment, it was to receive the infusion of atremendous new vitality into our recognition of thesemasterpieces. We could do more than outline the plotsand recite the technicalities of prolog, parados, stasimon.. . . Our whole mind and heart could seize the meaningand architecture of these plays. To read them now wasan exciting adventure. They became a part of our lives ;they could not be relegated to a notebook until a moment before exams. We were told in a psychology classthat an amazing percentage of all we learn is forgotten,discarded every year as a snake discards its winter skin.There must be then some very special reason for theretention of that small amount of knowledge which remains after the sifting of time. Repetition has somethingto do with it. Knowledge with a continual function inour lives will undoubtedly remain. And if it comes tous under conditions of particular intensity and clarity, itis liable to survive. It would be surprising if some ofthat small knowledge which pursues us from our undergraduate days was not derived from those hours with Mr.Wilder. It must be easy for his students to return atwill through the memory of his happily-chosen wordsto watch the parade of those tragedies and comedieswhich are so large a part of "the glory that was Greece". CHICAGO MAGAZINEIt is a fortunate genius which finds itself interpreted bygenius !Thornton Wilder, then, is a great teacher. But is hisexcellence the result of some disability to practice whathe teaches ? Is he preoccupied with the great dramatistsof the world because his ability cannot proceed beyondinterpretation? No. It may be that sometimes thosewho can, do; those who can't, teach, but here is a manwho "can" and he both "teaches" and "does". Perhapsit is just that combination which increases his ability inboth directions. It is possible that his understanding ofprevious genius not only makes him a good teacher, butalso expands his creative ability. Is this man with thegift for returning us to the first bright significance ofancient masterpieces able to do the same work for hisown world as those dramatists did for theirs? Can thisexplainer of plays also write them ?When he was in college, he was ambitious to writeplays. Most of them were one-act poetic dramas manyof which were later incorporated in The Angel ThatTroubled the Waters (1928). He wrote one full-lengthplay called The Trumpet Shall Sound, which wonthe Curtis prize at Yale and was produced in recentyears by the American Laboratory Theatre. But, youwill say, in college there is always a superabundance ofhopeful talent. And in a few years what has happened tothose people who wrote such charming stories, plays andpoems ? They have put away their young ambitions andenergy and confidence, perhaps in an office desk or theyhave fortified themselves with formidable research andbegun to deliver dignified lectures to properly awedstudents. Both these kinds of people have an importantfunction, to be sure, but occasionally something evenmore significant has been sacrificed. Mr. Wilder, too,became, a professional lecturer but he still wrote playsand he never relinquished his enthusiasm for the theatre.(Meanwhile, he had made an international reputation asa novelist, but that is another story. He had never talkedabout them in any routine way, — an occasional lecturenow and then). His second book of one-act poeticdramas appeared in 1930, The Long Christmas Dinnerand Other Plays in One Act. These plays had moredrama and less poetry about them. Several of them havebeen produced and they are perennial favorites of "littletheatre" groups. For a while after this book, he wroteno more plays; he began to talk about them. That procedure has been fatal to some people ; they have been ableto substitute the energy of interpretation and criticismfor that of creation. Those who were interested in Mr.Wilder's early dramatic ability were worried. It waspossible that in his generosity to his students he wassacrificing himself, — that in his effort to make themmore significantly aware of the great art of the past, hewas impeding his own creation of art.Then it seemed that he was making some compromisewith creation, for he made a translation of Le Viol deLucrhce by Andre Obey, which was produced in 1932by Guthrie McClintic with Katherine Cornell in theleading role. In 1937 Jed Harris presented a revival ofIbsen's A Doll's Llouse with Ruth Gordon as Nora. Mr.Wilder is the author of this new acting version. Heeconomized on all those offensive (to the American audi-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 9ence, anyway) expressions such as "my skylark", "mysquirrel" and on the hitherto longdrawn moments ofagony. At the end, instead of Thorwald saying:"Nora ! Nora ! Empty. She is gone. The most wonderful thing of all — ", he simply cries "Nora! Nora!"as she says "Good-bye Thorwald" and slams the door.But now at last we know certainly that there has beenno exhaustion of his dramatic abilities by teaching orby the compromise of translation and adaptation, forThornton Wilder has written a new play called OurTown. This play is troubling and beautiful ; it persistswithin the mind long after the curtain has been drawnacross its final scene. It is at once local and universal,real and fantastic, dramatic and philosophical.The curtain does not rise or fall upon this play untilthe end. As the audience comes in, it finds itself scrutinized with quiet curiosity by a nonchalant gentleman wholeans against one of the proscenium pillars. This stagemanager, played by Frank Craven, is the architect of"our town", Grovers Corners, N. H., 1901-1913. Material scenery has been reduced to the minimum which iscompatible with the conditions of the play. The actualset consists of two trellises, two tables, two ladders, andan assortment of chairs. But with his words, the stagemanager creates a most specific Main Street with Mr.Morgan's drug store, the livery stable, various churches,and Polish-town. He shows the exterior and interior ofthe Gibbs' home and the Webbs' home. He builds themind and spirit of Grovers Corners as well as the scenery. Mr. Craven moves through this role with ease andrestraint; he is everpresent and contributary, never disturbing.The first act shows the daily life of this small undistinguished New Hampshire town, principally as itoccurs in the household of the Gibbs and the Webbs.In their shrewd restrained lines, the families reveal theordinary conditions of their lives, — of lives everywherein New England, — the spirit of everyday living throughout the world.Act II is concerned with love and marriage as theycome to the intense and imaginative Emily Webb and thefarm-ambitious George Gibbs. The pattern is followedfrom the earliest faltered expression of their love througha period of anxious speculation and fear about theirfuture to the marriage day when the people of "ourtown" assemble in the congregational church to commentand weep at Emily's wedding. But this act revealsmore than the specific story of Emily and George; thisis a summary of all the earnestness, happy anticipationsand disappointments in such a relationship.The scene of Act III is the cemetery on the hill aboveGrovers Corners. Here we find those of the earlier yearsof the play who have died. Here they patiently pass theirapprenticeship to the eternal life, gradually relinquishingthe qualities of their natures which bind them to thelife they knew so long. And here comes Emily Webbafter the birth of her second child. But she is a youngand reluctant ghost. She longs to go back to life for asingle happy day. She will not listen to the wisdom ofher fellow dead and she is allowed to return, — for her twelfth birthday. But it is cruel experience. She findsthat those she loved so much are unaware of the tremendous importance of every moment of living; they allspend their lives as if they owned a million years. Theypostpone forever the recognition of the great happinessimplicit in the least moment of human relationships.Emily is grateful to be dead and returns eagerly to hergrave. When the living come to weep and pray forthem, it is the dead who pity them and say, "They donot understand."This is one of the few plays of our contemporarytheatre which is obviously the product of careful literarycraftsmanship. Too many are the mere dilution of aninitial idea with a specific number of hacked lines. ButThornton Wilder builds his whole play toward an idea ;he never tears it down. He is no superficial caricaturist ;each of his characters lives from his own inner intention. The characters seem more than mere mechanismsof the play to which they contribute meaning; they liveseparately as well as in combination. The unusual quality of this play is derived from the large dimensions of theplaywright's thought. As the characters are more profound than caricature, so the town in which they liveis larger than the world of many dramatists. The realism of the daily life with a superimposed boy-meets-girlplot would have been enough for many playwrights. Mr.Wilder does have the daily life and he includes the themeof love and marriage but they are only tributary to thereally great intention of the play. The notion of dailylife grows into a concept of eternity. This last act is"purgatorio". Now do you recognize that patient crowdslowly losing their connection with the agony of living?Everyday life everywhere could be a profound experience, but as long as we are human and alive we areblind to its richest implications. Then when we die,we gradually understand and so we are willingly dead.With the acquisition of our new wisdom we realize howmuch they lose who are too busy, too hurried, too occupied with their ambitions to look at one another andrecognize the sublimity of all life.In his teaching, Thornton Wilder contributed richlyto the immortality of the classic dramas of the world;however great they are, they still require the applicationof such minds as his if they will continue to live significantly. In his writing, he has contributed as generouslyto the literary history of our time. With this play hehas erased all the ambiguity of his position in the theatre.The proof of the playwright was in the performance ofhis play! Those who saw it in Princeton and Bostonand those who will see it in New York will not, I think,find me a Cassandra if I prophecy for Thornton Wilderas proud a place in the American Theatre as he has already achieved in his novels and in the minds of thosewho listened to his lectures. He has shown that preoccupation with previous great works of art has notincapacitated him for personal achievement, but ratherappears to have intensified his original ability. SinceThornton Wilder was not immune to beauty and profundity and integrity of craftsmanship, he was caught inthe contagion of spirit of the great ages which he visitedon the way to his own creation of art.THE PROBLEM OFUniversityWHOEVER comes into contact for the first timewith higher education in the United States getsthe impression of an enormous quantitative outlay of a material, personal and organizational kind. Thedemocratic principle, that access to all kinds of educational opportunity must stand open, to the children ofall citizens, without regard to their ability to pay, isrealized in the United States to an extent to which it isnot in any European state, and the quantitative problemof making pedagogical provision for huge masses of students is often solved in an admirable manner. With thetechnical solution of this quantitative problem, however,the real — the qualitative — problem of every education isposed: the question of the ideal end, as well as of theactual results, of those technical arrangements. To whateducational process are the troops of young Americans,who spend the sixteenth to the twenty-fourth years oftheir lives in college and university, subjected; and towhat educational process should they be subjected, according to the postulates of educational theory?Here, too, it is the economic crisis that has awakenededucation out of its pragmatic slumber. The intellectual,moral, and economic need which has overtaken theAmerican people in the train of the crisis has by thistime awakened a doubt even in America whether thepopular conceptions of usefulness and progress as intellectual foundations of the American educational systemare sufficient. The distinguished American educator,Abraham Flexner, in his book Universities: American,English, German (Oxford University Press, New York,1930), flatly declared: "No sound, coherent philosophy,thesis or principle lies at the basis of the American university of today," and in the same critical spirit RobertMaynard Hutchins has recently sought to answer boththose questions in two small books, of which one — TheHigher Learning in America (Yale University Press,New Haven, 1936) — contains four lectures which theauthor delivered at Yale University, and of which theother— with the significant title No Friendly Voice(The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1936) —presents a collection of speeches and lectures which weredelivered on various occasions in the last few years.These two books have provoked in the United Statesunusual and deserved discussion. They are fascinatingnot only because of their spirited, antithetical style. Theyare stimulating not only because of the moral force ofthe pure and strong mind which expresses itself in them.They are impressive not only because of the courage withwhich the weaknesses of the American university systemare laid bare and the central problem in it brought tolight, a problem whose real features are quite familiar toall who took active part in the movement toward reformof the German university at the beginning of the decade.*A translation from The New Zurich Newspaper, January 10, 1938, aliberal Swiss journal.10 THE AMERICANBut these two books are for American education an historic event, because they introduce into American intellectual life an educational theory and, in the course ofthat, a philosophy inclusive of this theory, which consciously tie up with the Greek educational ideal. Thereby they continue the tradition which the universities ofthe German cultural circle had to thank for their uniqueplace within the intellectual world of the 19th century.In the historic moment at which the idea of an un-pragmatic university, which seeks truth for its own sakeand sets as its educational task the harmonious development of the intellectual talents of man, slowly disappears from the European educational consciousness,Hutchins places that idea before the eyes of the newworld as the sublimest concern of the human mind."The justification for the privileges of universities is notto be found in their capacity to take the sons of the richand render them harmless to society or to take the sonsof the poor and teach them how to make money. It isto be found in the enduring value of having constantlybefore our eyes institutions that represent an abiding-faith in the highest powers of mankind. The whole worldneeds this symbol now as never before. It is this symbolthat I hope the American universities may become." Andin fact — what an alluring hope, to think of this idea,which once constituted the greatness of Greek and classical German education, coming to new realization amidthe quantitative wealth of the American educationalsystem !As in the positive aspect of Hutchins' observations,so also in their negative aspect, the common possessionof fundamental ideas which binds together the Americanand the European educational world comes to light. Thefive basic evils which according to Hutchins have so farsubverted American education, — the striving for money,a distorted conception of democracy, a false notion ofprogress, an incorrect idea of utility, and-— as a consequence of them all — the paradox of an anti-intellectualuniversity, — these evils we find, with certain shifts ofemphasis, again in the sphere of the European university.Here as there the universities are flooded with massesof young people, of whom only a small part is really trying to get an education. What they seek is useful information and skills, the assimilation of which will one daypermit them to merge themselves with the least frictionpossible into their social environment and participate successfully in the economic struggle. The democratic principle that access to education must stand open to everycitizen, however, does not mean, according to Hutchins,that the children of the taxpayer should be allowed towander at will through the higher learning. "Our notionof democracy leads us to the view that everybody isentitled to the same amount and to the same kind of education." The practical outcome of this false conceptionof democratic education is the glutting of the high schoolsTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 11with students uninterested in education and as a resultthe crippling of the real activity for which universitiesexist, theoretical investigation, which is engulfed in thequantitative preoccupation of the university of our day.The quantitative factor rules the selection of the students, involving the race for the greatest number (whichis likewise stimulated by regard for prestige and financial considerations) and the dull examination system,whose automatic memory-drill character alone makesit possible for the examiners to get through with theenormous mass of candidates in the prescribed time. Inthe concept of technical progress the quantitative factorbecomes the actual qualitative measuring stick of education within the higher learning. The technical accomplishments of our age have given us a feeling of superiority over earlier times, whose cultural significancewe evaluate from the viewpoint of the enumeration oftheir technical accomplishments and the measure of theirempirical information. Since we are superior to them inboth these respects, we are also culturally superior. Themore technical skills we gain access to and the moreempirical data we possess, the farther we progress on thepath of cultural development. When this quantitativeempiricism finally captured the social sciences, law,ethics, and even theology and philosophy, the concept ofthe university itself was submerged in the flood of formless empirical knowledge. Where in the ancient worldand the middle ages a strict hierarchy of value assignedeach science to its place in the whole of knowledge, todayonly chaos rules. In the place of cultural creation,training in technical skills and gathering of facts appearas the purpose of instruction. Technical progress ispurchased by the loss of cultural substance. "TheGreeks," said the humanist R. W. Livingstone, favorably quoted by Hutchins, "could not broadcast theAeschylean trilogy, but they could write it."This turning toward the idea of quantitative progressdiverts the university from its proper task, the cultivation of the mind for its own sake. Into its place stepsa low concept of usefulness. "The universities are dependent on the people. The people love money andthink that education is a way of getting it. They thinktoo that democracy means that every child should bepermitted to acquire the educational insignia that will behelpful in making money." To these demands the universities willingly conform, and so become vocationalschools, which regard the preparation of the studentsfor their life work as their chief task. This "practical"function, which the university now strives to fulfill, subverts the very nature of scientific knowledge. In thevocational school the student is not taught to understandthe subject of his study, but to practice his future vocation. Scientific achievement is no longer measured byits independent value as knowledge, but by its practicalusefulness. As a result pure theoretical knowledge isannihilated, and practice gains nothing thereby; for"every profession requires for its continuous development the existence of centers of creative thought."Pragmatism fails to understand that only theory and notpractice is able to exist for itself alone, and that trulyUseful practice is merely the heiress of correct theory. Thus practice at its most serviceable is the final end ofchat education which recognizes in theory the highestvalue. "The most practical education is the most theoretical."With the replacement of the idea of pure theoreticalknowledge by the conception of immediate utility, the position of the university as an intellectual entity changes.The university, according to Hutchins, ends in an anti-intellectualism which denies that man is a rational being.He is an animal, and perhaps somewhat more intelligentthan most animals; therefore he can be trained like themore intelligent animals. "But the idea that his educationshould consist of the cultivation of his intellect, is, ofcourse, ridiculous." "Thus the modern temper producesthat strangest of modern phenomena, an anti-intellectualuniversity." "Nowhere does insistence on intellectualproblems as the only problems worthy of a University'sconsideration meet such opposition as in the universitiesthemselves." "Undoubtedly, fine associations, finebuildings, green grass, good food, and exercise are excellent things for anybody. You will note that they areexactly what is advertised by every resort hotel. Theonly reason why they are also advertised by every college and university is that we have no coherent educational program to announce."The promulgation and execution of such an educational program is the task of the American university.The decadence of the institutions of higher learning hasdestroyed faith in the possibility of a higher education,and threatens in consequence to destroy the foundationsof culture in general. "Anything that went by the nameof education was a good thing just because it went bythat name. I believe that the magic of the name is goneand that we must now present a defensible program ifwe wish to preserve whatever we have is of value. Ourpeople, as the last few years have shown, will strike outblindly under economic pressure; they will destroy thebest and preserve the worst unless we make the distinction between the two somewhat clearer to them.""The American people must decide whether it will longertolerate the search for truth. If it will, then the universities will endure and give light and leading to the nation.If not . . . then we can blow out the light and fight itout in the dark ; for when the voice of reason is relievedthe rattle of machine guns begins." "The state, of thenation depends on the state of education ; but the state ofeducation depends on the state of the nation." Thiscircle can only be broken "if some institutions can bestrong enough and clear enough to stand firm and showour people what the higher learning is. As education itis the single-minded pursuit of the intellectual virtues.As scholarship it is the single-minded devotion to theadvancement of knowledge."These two general postulates gain definition in an educational program of which the fundamental elements area plan of a general humanistic education and a call fora new metaphysics. General education has the task ofraising the fundamental ideas and cultural goods whichare common to the human race into the intellectual consciousness of mankind, and so to re-establish a unifiedcultural consciousness, which has been ruined by the12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEspecialization of the vocational school. To the popularnotion of immediate utility it opposes the concept of abroader, deeper utility, which is the immediate resultof that cultivation of the intellectual virtues which — aswe know — constitutes the essence of all education. Theperson who is in possession of the intellectual virtues,that is, whose mind is disciplined and full of culturalawareness, will be able to take his place in every sphere,whether he has received special training for it or not.But the road which leads to the realization of this generaleducation can only begin with classical antiquity, whicha false notion of progress has crowded out of higherlearning. In the classical works of the ancients the elements of a general education are contained in sublimesimplicity ; through no kind of progress can they ever besurpassed. They are timely for every time^ for thatvery reason they are called classics.Just as this "new humanism" is to give order andunity to education, so is the new metaphysics to establishorder and unity in scientific knowledge. The ancientsfound in the science of first principles, the middle ages,in theology, the bond establishing order and unity without which knowledge and hence the very existence ofthe university is impossible. Hutchins realizes that inour time people deny that knowledge gets its meaningfrom theology, and that consequently science can getsense and unity only from a new metaphysics. But fromwhat metaphysics?To this question Hutchins gives no answer, and theattacks with which the American tradition has answeredHutchins' challenge direct themselves in the first instance against the lack of an answer to the metaphysicalquestion, or against the answer which Hutchins, according to the opinion of his critics, has given through hisactions. What in fact gives the remarks of Hutchinstheir special weight and their special immediate importance for the American university, over and above theirliterary and theoretical value, is the fact that Hutchins,at 27 years Dean of the Law Faculty of Yale University,since his thirtieth year has served as President of theUniversity of Chicago, one of the largest, richest andfrom a scientific point of view most outstanding universities in the country, and that he has there attemptedto realize one part of his program through thoroughgoing reforms. If the majority of the university professors of the American East — the author has had achance to speak only with them — turn against Hutchins,they defend not only one philisophic and pedagogicalprogram against another, but also the traditional typeof their own universities against the story reformingzeal of a man who was once one of them and who now,within certain limits, has the power to build one university to the measure of his program and let it serveas model and example in the American educationalwrorld. But what has Hutchins actually made or triedto make out of the University of Chicago?A Thomistic university, is one answer that almostevery American university professor gives with whomone discusses the intellectual problems of the new worldand so necessarily the "Hutchins problem" ; and anundemocratic, "fascist" university, is the other answer,which has now been given by a member of the Univer sity of Chicago itself, Professor of Economics Harry D.Gideonse, in a book, The Higher Learning in a Democracy (Farr er and Rinehart, New York- Toronto, 1937).The reference to Thomism finds scarcely a prop inthe printed statements of Hutchins — his predilection forcharacterizing pure knowledge as "the intellectual love ofGod" is certainly not a sufficient clue —, and Hutchinshimself has since then protested time and again againstit. It is ordinarily justified — so much we see — on twogrounds. One, that of Hutchins' personal policy, reliesabove all on two names: Jacques Maritain, who is a. frequent guest at the University of Chicago, and theNeo-Thomist Mortimer Adler, whose appointment asProfessor of Philosophy of the University of Chicago themembers of the Philosophy Faculty answered with theirresignation, and who now acts as Professor of the Philosophy of Law at the University of Chicago. The otherground on which the charge of Thomism relies is ofanother kind and strikes at the roots of the problem ofmetaphysics generally. From Dilthey through Nietzscheand down to Max Scheler all deep and independentthinkers have regarded the loss of a metaphysics whichcan put forth a claim to universal validity as the centralproblem of the modern mind; but where their thoughtattains the sphere of metaphysics itself, there, as rela-tivistic historism, as individualism throwing over generalvalidity, as an aesthetizing Catholicism, it betrays theincapacity of the modern mind for metaphysical creation.In this tragic tension between yearning and power forrealization Hutchins has a necessary interest, and thedanger is that a mind as strong, as eager for realizationas that of Hutchins may succumb to the temptation toput an end to that tension violently, and in the searchfor a new metaphysics seize at the metaphysical systemwhose power of logical conviction and emotional persuasion has lasted over the centuries and which is always ready to open to the searchers the haven of rational certainty and the paradise of faith. But wherein these times would there be no danger in an undertaking of such importance?More frivolous is the reproach of rationalistic absolutism, authoritarian intolerance, and "fascist" enmityto democracy, which is the leitmotif of Gideonse's polemic. Gideonse misunderstands Hutchins' critique,which directs itself not against equal opportunity for all,which constitutes the essence of a true democracy, butagainst the actual equalization of all in educational things,whose leveling influence makes the education of an elitein the democracy and consequently democracy itselfimpossible. Gideonse scents moreover — like democraticdoctrinaires everywhere — in the positive criticism ofdemocratic practice actual "fascist" opposition to democracy. Gideonse's polemic against the educational andphilosophical position of Hutchins, however, proceedsfrom an oversimplified analysis of the situation in whichscience finds itself in these times. It moreover fully misunderstands Hutchins' metaphysical concern, in that it— to use the Kantian formula — confuses transcendentand transcendental metaphysics. The chaotic conditionof science in our day is not — as Gideonse says — the result of the fact that we know more than in earlier times,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 13and do not yet possess the technical means to find ourway about in this world of new knowledge. If we knowmore empirical facts than earlier times, still we lack ascience that earlier times possessed, the science of themeaning and value of knowledge for human life; andthis science does not give technical progress back to us,but only a new metaphysics. This order-establishingmetaphysics, however, is not of a material, "transcendent" kind and has nothing to do with the content ofscientific knowledge; it leaves the mind free to understand what of knowledge it deems valuable, and only tosuch knowledge as has been judged valuable does it assign its place in the whole of knowledge and of humanlife.From Hutchins — whose address to the new enteringstudents, beginning with the gripping words : "I am notINSTEAD of the usual review of the news throughthe pen of Herbert (Bud) Larson, we will give youa bird's eye view of the future, in so far as it relatesto the activities of the senior class.SENIOR PROMLed by George Halcrow of track fame and BettyBooth, former head of Inter- Club, the senior class hasbroken precedent by throwing open this year's SeniorProm to Alumni, Seniors, and Lower Classmen, — infact the whole campus and their friends. This is in accordance with the new trend to make the student moregroup conscious and to promote bigger and better activities on campus.CAMPUS CONGRESS— APRIL J 4- 1 5 and 21-22An innovation is the forthcoming Campus Congresswhich will give the students a chance to tell the facultyhow they, the students, think the University should beconducted. To be able to pry into the thoughts of theUniversity men and women, to get them to speak theirminds, and to do away with anonymity on campus, theidea of the Congress was formed by John Morris, editor of Pulse; John Marks, former president of the Communist Club; William McNeill, editor of the Daily Maroon; and George Halcrow, president of the senior class.The aim of these campus leaders is to get every studentto air his views on different topics pertaining to university life which will be chosen by the Committee onthe Agenda. Among some of the topics will be the muchdiscussed questions of which the following are illustrations :Are athletics worth while? Should we drop out ofthe big ten?Is religion necessary? worried about your economic future. I am worried aboutyour morals!" will always be a high example of noblehumanity and anxious awareness of the threatened intellectual and moral values of our culture — from thisman no danger menaces American democracy. He menaces mediocrity, torpidity, dull routine, and soulless technology, the banality of such a belief in progress as posesno problems, and the narrowmindedness of a popularphilosophy of usefulness. But above all he menaces auniversity degraded to the status of a training-school,and a fact-gathering science which no longer knowswhither and to what end it is directed. For this, thatHutchins has placed before our eyes the sublime pictureof pure science seeking the truth for its own sake, and auniversity in which this science has a place, for this evenEuropean education owes him a direct debt of gratitude.• By JACK M. FETMAN '38Should students be social reformers?How fine are our fine arts ?Do fraternities stunt individuality?In addition to the student speakers, there will beasked to speak such persons of note as Dean Smith, Vice-President Benton, Coach Clark Shaughnessy, Jay Berwanger, MacLean, McKeon, Teddy Linn, and others.On Thursday, April fourteen at three thirty o'clock,the Congress will convene in the assembly room of Kent!After the opening address of the chairman of the Congress, a faculty member or President Hutchins will speakon the "Value of Student Discussion of University Environment." He will probably be followed by four students prominent in activities who will each speak on adifferent phase of the life on the Midway. After thesespeakers have finished, the Congress will divide into discussion groups or panels, each of which will have a discussion leader and a different topic. The afternoonprogram closes at about five or five thirty P. M. untileight in the evening when the panel discussion will betaken up again. The next day, Friday, will again bedevoted to these discussion groups.HUTCHINS, MELBY DEBATEThe Congress will then close Friday evening, Apriltwenty-second, with the debate between Dr. Hutchinsand Dean Melby of Northwestern University on "TheEducational Theory in Practice." Dean Melby is headof the School of Education at Northwestern University.The debate will be. held in Mandel Hall and a slightcharge of twenty-five cents will be assessed. Realizingthe importance which this debate will have in the educational world, the Senior Class expects to have all itstickets sold far in advance of the date set for the event.SENIOR CLASS ACTIVITIESTHE LAW SCHOOL PLANin Action• By ERNEST KIRSCHTENIn March, 1937, the Magazine published an article byDean Harry A. Bigelow describing the new programwhich the Law School had recently adopted. The program, though it was not radical, was so unique that itsadoption was noted generally not only in legal journals,but also in the papers and periodicals of a year ago.Interest in the School and its program has continued.Last month Mr. Ernest Kirschten, reporter from the St.Louis Post-Dispatch, visited the School. After his visita special article describing the Law School appearedin the Sunday, February 27, issue. This was followedin the Tuesday, March 1, issue by a short editorial comment. The substance of the article and the editorial arerepublished here because it is believed that they will beof interest to the alumni generally. — Ed.THE most radical of recent innovations in American professional education was inaugurated lastOctober by the law school of the University ofChicago. ... It undertook to train better lawyers byteaching them less law and a great deal about mattersnon-legal.The new plan, which may now be subjected to a tentative, preliminary appraisal, was the rankest kind ofheresy to orthodox law professors. For years these menhad paid lip service to the theory that the lawyer shouldbe well grounded in economics and the social sciences.But they left those courses to other faculties that offeredpre-legal work without the slightest regard for the needsof a lawyer.The three years that a man spent in the law schoolwere short enough for the reading of the interminablenumber of decisions required by the so-called Harvardcase method, they contended. And Professor Langdell,who devised this way of learning law by sifting it bitby precious bit out of a mass of opinions, long ago hadbeen placed in the highest niche of the law teachers'pantheon. His system had become as sacrosanct as thedoctrine of "stare decisis."Then suddenly the brash young men of the Midwayannounced that a man to be a really good lawyer mustbe drilled in psychology and sociology, in economics andhistory. They even said that he ought to be a profoundstudent of ethics, since, in their belief, a lawyer wasconcerned with the fundamental problems of right andwrong.And they went on to say that these things must betaught in the law school itself and not in some pre-legalcourse to which a student might settle down with thephlegmatic announcement that, since it was required, hewould "work off his culture." It could be done, theysaid, in time now wrasted by the sacred case method.The Chicago men went still farther to say that thesesubjects must not be kept in neat little pigeon-holes, but that they must be thoroughly stirred into the legal coursesof the curriculum — courses that for years the men ofthe law had been carefully separating, refining and tagging almost with a surgeon's scalpel.The Chicago men even proposed to break down thedivisions between the legal subjects. There is no needfor a fence between "Contracts" and "Sales," they said,or for a grim wall between "Property" and "Wills."There were to be no more course examinations, theywent on, but only one comprehensive examination atthe end of each year. And a third or fourth year student would be expected to answer questions about matters that had been brought to his attention as a freshman.In fact, he was to be confronted by the same welterof unassorted facts that might be thrust across his deskby a client, the same complex social-economic-legal situations that might be presented for his unraveling as alegislator. Law was to be taught with a regard for therealities that produce it — the conditions which it seeksto control. It was to be taken out of its isolated littlehot-houses.With the first year of this new course now beingtaught, the men of the Midway have high expectationsfor the plan. Even opponents conceded that, it will produce better Jegal philosophers, better statesmen, judgesand legislators. And if it will do that, says Dean HarryBigelow, a product of the Harvard system but an enthusiastic participant in the formulation of the newcourse, it will produce better lawyers, too. To him thechanging social structure and the changing political attitudes of the day made the new approach mandatory.Too many judges, he said, now decided economic ratherthan legal questions without any real economic knowledge.President Hutchins, who was dean of the Yale lawschool when he was called to his Chicago post at the ageof 28, sees in the plan the salvation of both the American university and the legal profession. American educational trends have led more and more to the vocation-alizing of institutions of higher learning, he believes.Professors are expected to give practical advice, to teachthe tricks of a trade and not to confuse their studentswith thoughts about the basic philosophy of a profession.The university is expected to tell its students how todo a thing, he complains, but it must not raise the question of whether a thing should be done or not."But every profession requires for its continuous development the existence of centers of creative thought,"he writes in his provocative The Higher Learning inAmerica, adding: "To the extent to which universitiesand professional schools abandon creative thought anddegenerate into trade schools the profession must degenerate into a trade."14THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 15HARRY A. BIGELOWOnly general principles and fundamental propositionsmay be learned in a university, he argues. "The practices of the profession change so rapidly that an attemptto inculcate them may merely succeed in teaching thestudent habits that will be a disservice to him when hegraduates. Efforts to keep up with the current eventsusually result in keeping up with the eventbefore last, so that Ishould not be surprised to learn thatlaw schools are justbeginning to teachtheir students how toproceed under theNRA." ...President Hutchinsinsists that a lawyershould have an adequate notion of thepurpose of the state,some views about thenature and objects oflaw, of political society, of justice andmorals, and of truth and rectitude which he holds to bethe same for all men. However, he complained to thelast convention of the American Bar Association inKansas City that bar examinations, which require a student to spend 1,200 hours learning "everything whichthe courts have done about everything from 'Agency'to 'Wills,' " may allow a school to give him nothing buta cook book drill.President Hutchins' theories may be a little in advanceof the new curriculum. As a matter of fact, he takesno credit for the innovation, insisting that this shouldgo to Dean Bigelow and the law faculty. . . . They certainly propose to continue to train men who will headthe lists of those passing the bar examinations.The plan as announced by Dean Bigelow last springis simple enough. It lengthens the law course fromthree to four years, but reduces the pre-legal requirement from three to two years to avoid saddling the student with an additional year on the campus.With this extra year available, non-legal subjects,such as psychology, ethics, logic, constitutional history,government, economic theory, accounting, sociology andcomparative law, are taught by the law faculty. Separate courses are devoted to some subjects like psychology, but these are taught from the legal point of view.Most of the non-legal matter, however, is introduceddirectly into the law courses.The method of doing this may be best explained byexample. The course in Family Relations now beginswith a study of the origins of the family, reasons for thedesirability of monogamy, family problems — all sociology ; how these problems are approached in other countries — comparative law ; the American rules — the legalcore of the course, and a critical appraisal of these. Instead of reading hundreds and hundreds of cases, students must do field work in social settlements, report oncomprehensive non-legal works and even read novels such as those of Galsworthy and Stendahl for their detailed pictures of family relations.The study of Corporation Law, scheduled for the thirdyear, also demonstrates the realism of the new method.It will be preceded in the second year by an elementaryaccounting course — not the usual business school coursecontaining much bookkeeping practice that a lawyer doesnot need, but a condensed study enabling the student toread a balance sheet or a statement of profit and loss withsome comprehension of the process by which these areprepared. In the Corporate Law course itself advancedtopics will be introduced, such as accounting for treasury stock, types of surplus and their availability fordividends, and holding company accounts.In the fourth year all required work is to be focusedon the problem of economic organization — the divisionof national income and the business cycle. Advancedeconomic theory and methods of statistical analysis willbe studied. Legal aspects of the problem, such as restraint of trade, unfair competition, rate regulation andprice fixing, some branches of labor law, corporationlaw and taxation, will be developed in close relation tothe economic and business material. Much of this year(Continued on Page 21)JUSTICE HOLMES WOULD HAVE APPROVEDA favorable and significant commentary onthe new curriculum now in force at the University of Chicago Law School is that its supporting ideas would have met the approval ofthe late Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes.The Chicago innovation in the teaching oflaw is an attempt to make better lawyers byteaching them more of what surrounds thelaw. To this end, the course has been lengthened from three to four years, case work hasbeen reduced, and economics, history, psychology and sociology have been made an organicpart of the training. This is a distinct victoryfor the ideas of President Hutchins, who has astanding quarrel with the type of higher education which emphasizes specialization at the expense of creative thought. It also is an important step toward the creation of the kind oflawyer Justice Holmes envisioned as the attorney of the future."For the rational study of the law," he said,"the black-letter man may be the man of thepresent, but the man of the future is the manof statistics and the master of economics."At another time he said : "Every lawyer oughtto seek an understanding of economics." Evenmore inclusive and suggestive was his beliefthat "to be a master of any branch of knowledge, you must master those which lie nextto it."This is precisely what the new curriculum atChicago hopes to accomplish. The impliedthought back of it all is that a proper understanding of the law requires not only specializedinformation and familiarity with precedents, butsomething of the combined approach of thephilosopher and the scientist as well.— Editorial, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, March 1.IN MY OPINIONBy FRED B. MILLETT, PhD'3 1 , Visiting Professor of English, Wesleyan UniversityTHE relationship between art and truth is perhapsthe most difficult as it is the most regularly recurrent of aesthetic problems. For, even though noone is quite sure what art is and is not, almost everyone is certain that he can distinguish between what isand what is not true ; consequently, he feels that he is ina position to lay down the law about atleast one term in the equation.But the individual's assurance thathe can distinguish between what is andwhat is not true is likely to waverwhen one asks him what he means bytruth and of what variety of truth heis speaking. For there are differentkinds of truth just as there are different kinds of taxicabs, and truth, likea taxicab, has the major function ofgetting its possessor as rapidly andcomfortably and inexpensively as possible to a desirable destination. Thus,in Gustave Lanson's observation that"The fundamental principle of thedrama of Corneille is truth, resem- FRED Bblance to life,"1 Lanson is obviouslyusing truth as equivalent to verisimilitude. But whatever English readers may think of the soundness of theproposition that the fundamental principle of the rarefied and idealized art of Corneille is its verisimilitude, itis certainly not the relationship between art and verisimilitude with which we are here concerned, although theconcept has frequently been invoked as a criterion ofevaluation of art in one or another of the major modes.Nor is it scientific truth that is in question. It hasalready been given too much attention in this connection. The "truth" of a scientific statement is, as I. A.Richards says, "ultimately a matter of verification asthis is understood in the laboratory." A scientific statement "is justified by its truth, i. e., its correspondence,in a highly technical sense, with the fact to which itpoints." But the place for the demonstration of suchtruths is, obviously, not the poet's desk, but the laboratory. If scientific truths have any place in works of art,that place is incidental and supplementary. In realisticworks of arts, we have a right perhaps to demand thatthe acts of the characters shall not exceed the limitsof what we consider possible in view of our knowledgeof human powers. But it would be absurd to expectscientific truths to appear, other than incidentally, inromantic or classical literature. The deeds of Gargantuaand Beowulf, of Odysseus and Don Quixote, need hardlymeet the tests of scientific truth.And yet the extraordinarily high values that haveaccrued to scientific truth have bewildered and intimidated aestheticians confronted by the dilemma of art vs.truth. If art is not concerned with the presentation oflscientific truths, if it cannot be submitted to the test of MILLETTscientific truth, is it not then inevitably inferior in valueto works presenting such truths? There are many evidences of aestheticians' feelings of discomfort when questions of this sort are raised. Such embarrassment is, forexample, clearly indicated in Richards' distinction between a scientific statement and a pseudo-statement,which he defines as an "emotive utterance, where 'truth' is primarily acceptability by some attitude, and moreremotely is the acceptability of this attitude itself." To describe the "truths"in works of art as pseudo-statementsat once invests them with an aura ofcondescension and suspicion. Andwhen Richards goes on to correlatescientific statements with intellectualbelief and pseudo-statements with emotional belief, (which he practicallyequates with Coleridge's "willing suspension of disbelief"), he is again betraying his subservience to the Moloch of science.It cannot be said too forcefully thatscientific truths are of little or no importance in works of art, and they are of far less importance in life than most scientists would have us believe. If man does not live by bread alone, neither doeshe live by physical or chemical formulas. Man lives,not by scientific truths, but by unscientific beliefs, and itis not with the former but with the latter that artistsand aestheticians are concerned. I am not denying thatthere is or may be or should be a relationship betweentruths and belief. The discovery and dissemination ofscientific truths about the physical universe tend tomodify the systematic or unsystematic array of beliefsby which people live. The demonstration of the truth ofthe Copernican system led to a momentous modificationof man's conception of the significance of the earth andits crawling inhabitants. Despite the hostility and suppressive activities of ignorant or obscurantist communities and creeds, the demonstration of the truth of evolution has changed beyond recognition our ways of thinking about man as an individual and man as a member ofa social group. But although what science teaches isbound to modify beliefs, scientific truth can never become a substitute for belief, because science is limitedin its statements to facts and the relation between factsand has nothing legitimate to say concerning values.Moreover, scientific statements can never assume theprimacy of beliefs, since man, even at his most wretched,lives in a world, not of objective demonstrable facts, butof subjective indemonstrable values.Men's beliefs rise out of those feelings, emotions, ideas,and ideals which distinguish human from sub-human behavior. In some rare human beings, these feelings andideas have been wrought into a coherent, controlled, and16THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17poised personality-pattern. In even rare human beings,these values have been subjected to a process of rationalization, classification, and systematization by which something like a coherent philosophy of life becomes the coreof existence. But most men and women, however frantically and courageously they struggle, fall far short ofsuch systematization, and, in consequence, they are thevictims of irrational and contradictory emotions, of regressions to the infantile and the primitive, or of conflicts between self-interest and disinterestedness, betweenthe claims of the active and those of the contemplativeexistence. Men's beliefs, then, are those partially rational,partially irrational conclusions by which they live. Thehighly organized personality possesses a coherently organized system of beliefs. The loosely organized personality or the highly organized personality, in moments offatigue or excitement, finds it easy to entertain beliefsthat are mutually contradictory and exclusive. But, inevery case, the beliefs are matters, not of fact, but offaith, since they are ultimately scientifically indemonstrable.But so important to us are these beliefs, so constantlydo we depend on them for the maintenance of our morale and self-respect that we irrationally attribute tothem the demonstrable character of scientific truth, andtalk glibly if unwarrantably of religious, ethical, or political truths. The transition from belief as belief to belief as truth is not merely extraordinarily easy but entirelydefensible. For what I believe is the truth to me, nomatter how irrational or indefensible it may appear topersons fortified by even more irrational beliefs^ A belief in immortality is certainly as real and in a sense isas true as the scientific fact of the roundness of theearth. To ascribe reality to a scientific fact and unreality to a belief is to assume as demonstrated a conception of reality that is indemonstrable. The objectively experienced apple is no more real than the feelingof fear, the emotion of patriotism, or the idea of asceticism. But science is in perpetual conflict with any system of values, whether they be religious or political, ethical or aesthetic. So to both the organized and the disorganized personality, the problem of value and the relationships between kinds of values is all-important, sinceit is not facts but values that furnish not merely the rawmaterial but the towering structure of any pinnacle ofvalues.This oversimplified analysis of the relation betweenscientific facts and nonscientific values, between beliefand truth, may clear the ground for the essential problem of the relationship between those values that we callaesthetic and those philosophical or political values thatwe call beliefs.(To be continued)What Is Your Assignment for The Round Table?The advice of the Chicago alumni is beingenlisted in an effort to make the University ofChicago Round Table broadcast more effectiveand more responsive to the interests of the informed public. What current issue or eventseems to you to be in need of analysis? WhatHas the U. S. a Foreign Policy?Crisis in Central EuropeEngland and the Peace of EuropeThe Round Table is:Radio's oldest educational broadcast —A discussion with a million and a half listeners —The only scriptless program on the air —Broadcast weekly by thirty-eight stations ofNBC's red network —Sundays at eleven-thirty A. M. Central Standard Time — speakers — in or out of the University faculty —might have a worth-while contribution to maketo the discussion?To refresh your memory, the subjects of thelast half dozen Round Tables have been:The Seizure of AustriaMonopoly and CompetitionTrade Associations and MonopolyBy members of the University of Chicago faculty and their guests —The Round Table is now offering transcripts ofeach week's discussion, in pamphlet form, whichmay be had by sending ten cents in coin to:The Round Table, University of Chicago, Chicago, III.Mr. Charlton T. Beck,Alumni Secretary,The University of Chicago.LET'S HEAR WHAT THESE MENHAVE TO SAY ABOUTNEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESTHE "practical" man — who is often found in highplaces and therefore is not to be confused withthat well known character, the man in the street —has a standard question about university research. Itis: "What good is it?" The history of our industrialcivilization is of course the best inclusive answer to the"practical" man. But an occasional contemporary illustration has value in refreshing his dim recollection ofwhat research has done for the world. Such an illustration came this month from the Department of Psychiatry in the University Clinics. Psychologists, physiologists, and others have for some time been interestedin the fact that the nerve cells in the brain pulse electrically all the time at a regular cadence. The fundamental research that has established the technique hasbeen done; Dr. Ralph Gerard, associate professor ofphysiology at the University, is one of the men who hascontributed to the knowledge of brain waves.Now Dr. Theodore J. Case, instructor in neurophysiology in the Department of Psychiatry, has found thatthe brain waves can be made to telegraph the presenceof a brain lesion. When there is a lesion, such as a scaror a tumor, the typical cadence is broken ; lesions makestypical forms of waves. Dr. Case's diagnostic methodhas two important advantages. The more important isthat lesions in the "silent" areas of the brain, whichoften do not manifest themselves in neurological symptoms such as muscular paralysis, as do lesions in the"motor" areas, can be detected as readily by the brainwave pattern as those in the "motor" areas. From thestandpoint of a patient, the method is an improvement,for it causes neither inconvenience nor pain. In X-raydiagnosis, a hole must be drilled in the patient's skull,and air pumped in to replace the brain fluid. The airfills the ventricles of the brain — the hollow spaces — andcasts a shadow which can be photographed. But theX-ray can not always detect the shadow made by thelesion. The patient, however, always ends up with afine combination of dizziness and headache.The brain waves are detected by fixing electrodes tothe head with collodion. The tiny amount of current isamplified in the order of a million times, and then activates a small pen which traces the record of the waveson a moving tape or a similar device. Normal brain frequencies can range from 8 to 40 per second, the mostcommon being the "alpha" wave of 10 per second. Butin eleven cases verified either by operation or autopsy,Dr. Case found that lesions produce either very slowwaves or irregular "spike" or "saw tooth" patterns.Most frequent indication of a lesion is a localized regularwave with a frequency of one to three per second. Theseabnormal waves can be closely defined by shifting theelectrodes until the area from which they are strongestis found.Dr. Case's work, "part of the program of fundamental • By WILLIAM V. MORGENSTERN, '20, JD '22research in psychiatry and neurology carried on by theDepartment of Psychiatry, which is headed by Dr. DavidSlight, is supported by a grant from the Otho S. A.Sprague Memorial Institute. This month,, also, theRockefeller Foundation renewed a grant of $150,000for the support of psychiatric teaching and research overa- three-year period. Three years ago a similar gift was» made, plus an additional amount for equipment. A12-bed psychiatric unit was established in the Clinics.During the year 1936-37 a total of 2,847 days of servicewas rendered, chiefly to free patients, and entirely tovolunteer patients. No committed cases are receivedby the Clinics. In the typical investigative pattern whichonly a research university permits, the work with patients is only part of the story, the research reaching intobasic departments in the Biological Division.Procaine-epinephrine, the drug which dentists injectinto your gum when they are drilling a sensitive tooth,often causes marked rise in blood pressure, sometimeswith dangerous results. That is the finding of DoctorsPaul P. Pickering and Herbert P. Steinmayer of theUniversity's Walter G. Zoller Memorial Dental Clinic,and Dr. Arno B. Luckhardt, known throughout theworld for his discovery of the anesthetic properties ofethylene. Dr. Luckhardt also is a member of the Council of Dental Therapeutics of the American Dental Association, and spends much of his time investigating thedrugs and proprietary preparations used in the profession.Though procaine-epinephrine is casually used by dentists, its physiological, pharmacological, and toxicologi-cal properties have never been thoroughly investigated.The study at the University indicates that there is needfor greater caution in the use of the combined drugs.The procaine is injected to paralyze the nerves; the epinephrine, which constricts the arteries, is designed tocut down or stop the free flow of blood and to reducethe amount of procaine getting into arterial circulation.The experiments showed that injection in the soft tissuesover the hard palate caused especially a great increasein blood pressure, sometimes double the usual pressure.Procaine hydrochloride, as well as epinephrine hydrochloride, remains in the general circulation and may beresponsible for toxic action. These results have particular significance to surgeons other than dental surgeons when operating in highly vascular areas such asthe nose and throat. The results also indicate that thepractice of giving the same or repeated doses of the sameconcentration of procaine-epinephrine, irrespective ofage or size of the individual, is not a wise procedure.Dr. Luckhardt recently was elected an Honorary Corresponding Member of the Historical and Heraldic Council of France. Founded in 1875, the Council establishesrelationships between the learned men of all countries tofacilitate their researches and the publication of their18THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19works. Honorary membership is the highest of thehonors it bestows.MICROPHOTOGRAPHYMicrophotography — the camera way of reproducingthe printed page — has reached such a practical and effective stage of development that the present problemis which materials should be filmed first to be of the mostuse to the greatest number of students. M. LlewellynRaney, Director of the Libraries, introduced microphotography to the faculty when the Friends of the Library and their guests attended a demonstration thismonth. Lloyd Lewis, president of the Friends of theLibrary, and widely known Civil War historian andeditor, presided at the meeting. The demonstration included the method by which a camera photographs thepages of a bound newspaper as rapidly as an operatorcan turn the leaves. The reading apparatus for the filmalso was shown. Microphotography is not unique tothe University but there is here the most complete laboratory for large scale projects found outside the gov-M. LLEWELLYN RANEYThis machine is his prideeminent bureaus and a commercial concern at Rochester.The Rockefeller Foundation provided the money.Last summer the equipment was demonstrated at theParis Exposition. During the Exposition the Chicagostaff took more than 14,000 feet of film, reproducingthirty French newspapers published between 1789 and1815, providing a complete newspaper account of theFrench Revolution. Professor John Manly has madeChicago the center of Chaucerian research by his uniquecollection of photostats of Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales."Microphotography can make enormous amounts of research material even more accessible, and in amazinglycompact form. First step in the Chicago recording onfilm will be newspapers, because the wood pulp paperwhich came into use about 1870 is deteriorating so rapidly that important sources of historical material iscrumbling into dust.ART BUILDING OPENEDThe new art building — remodelled Goodspeed Hall —which was provided by the gift of Mr. and Mrs. MaxEpstein, was put in use at the start of the winter quarter. On March 10, open house was held so that friends ofthe art department might see the first permanent homethe department has had. There are exhibition galleries,seminar rooms, departmental and faculty offices, a reading room, and library stacks. In addition to the manyvolumes of art kept in the adjacent Classics Building,the library has 200,000 reproductions of drawings andpaintings. This collection, also a gift of Mr. Epstein, atrustee of the University, duplicates the famous art reference library of Sir Robert Witt of London.The remodelled building and the duplicate collectiongrew out of a conversation between Mr. and Mrs. Epstein ten years ago in Cairo, when Mr. Epstein commented on the fact that Chicago was without headquarters for the scholarly study of art. Already havingassisted the University to enlarge its medical facilities,Mr. Epstein decided to provide an art building. Later,when visiting in London, he became acquainted with SirRobert and determined to provide a duplicate of thecollection. Six years have been spent in preparing the200,000 items now in the stacks on the quadrangles.Uses for this collection are innumerable. Students cantrace art trends or follow the development of an individual painter. Prospective purchasers can check up onthe past ownership and sale price of pictures. Writerscan consult photographs which might take months tofind elsewhere.FACULTY CHANGESAt the Winter Convocation, President Hutchins announced the appointment of Wilton M. Krogman ofWestern Reserve University as Associate Professor ofPhysical Anthropology and Anatomy. Only 34, he hasan exceptional record of research and publication, andDr. Fay-Cooper Cole, head of the department of anthropology, under whom Dr. Krogman studied and taught,is well pleased at his return to the Midway. Dr. Krogman, who took his A.B. here in 1926, his Master's in1927, and his Doctorate in 1929, is an authority on thegrowth changes of man, a field which encompasses bothanatomy and anthropology. His work has many implications : for instance, his Ph.D. thesis on "A Study ofGrowth Changes in the Skull and Face of Anthropoidswith Reference to Man," was important to orthodontists,that group in dentistry which is concerned with the correction of the growth of teeth. He has even been calledas an expert witness in legal disputes turning on questions of anatomical growth.During the spring quarter Professor Alfred L. Kroe-ber, distinguished anthropologist of the University ofCalifornia, and author of a widely used textbook, willgive two courses here. One will be on "The Nature ofCulture"; the other on "Primitive Art." Dr. Kroeberalso will give a series of public lectures. Other appointments for the spring quarter include Robert Petrie Walton, professor of pharmacology at the University of Mississippi, who will be visiting lecturer, and Ronald Davison of the London School of Economics, as professoriallecturer in the School of Social Service Administration.Also from the London School of Economics, but notuntil the spring of 1939, will come Richard Henry Tawney, as visiting professor of economic history. Regarded20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEby economists as an outstanding scholar in the field ofEnglish economic history, his writings have had a greatinfluence.The faculty loses Mary Jo Shelly, chairman of thewomen's division of physical education at the University since 1935. Miss Shelly resigned to become administrative head of the Arts Division of Bennington (Vermont) College next autumn. Before she came to theUniversity to direct physical education and be directorof Ida Noyes clubhouse, Miss Shelly was head of physical education at New College, Columbia University. AtBennington, she will assume direction of a division ofthe school which includes music, graphic and plasticarts, drama and the dance.John C. Kennan, placement counselor, who has helpedthousands of graduates to find jobs, resigned this monthto become sales manager of the Hospital Service Corporation. Known as a "Plan for Hospital Care," thecorporation provides hospitalization on an insured basisto 40,000 subscribers among employee groups in Chicago. It will be "Jack" Kennan's job, as director ofsales, to increase the number of subscribers. Since he graduated from the University in 1928 with a degreein business administration, he has been in charge ofindustrial placement of students and alumni. Each yearhe has placed some 4,000 students in full and part timepositions and similarly assisted some 500 alumni.Charles Newton, f33y was recently appointed directorof radio at the University. In cooperation with the University Broadcasting Council, which is headed by AllenMiller, he will help in the development of the RoundTable, the University's Sunday morning program withan audience of 1,500,000. He also will participate in theexperimental development of new educational programs.For the past four years Mr. Newton has been engagedin. advertising work, as radio director of H. W. Kastor& Sons, Chicago, and then as group copy head withJ. Stirling Getchell, Inc. As an undergraduate, Mr.Newton was student publisher of the Daily Maroon,Phoenix and Cap & Gown.Degrees were conferred on 205 candidates at theSpring Convocation on March 15. Dr. Shirley JacksonCase, Dean of the Divinity School, gave the Convocationaddress.ATHLETICSBy PAUL MAC LEANBig Ten StandingFencing: FirstWater Polo: Tied for first with NorthwesternGymnastics: ThirdWrestling: Tied for fourth with WisconsinIndoor Track: SeventhSwimming: TenthBasketball: TenthScoresBasketballChicago, 38; Iowa, 35Chicago, 43 ; Illinois, 39Chicago, 27; Minnesota, 38Chicago, 33 ; Purdue, 64Chicago, 29; Ohio State, 41Water PoloChicago, 7; Purdue, 3Chicago, 7; Wisconsin, 0Chicago, 2; Northwestern, 7Chicago, 6 ; Illinois, 2TrackChicago, 28 ; Purdue, 32y ; Wisconsin, A9y2Chicago, 40; Iowa, 46SwimmingChicago, 58; Purdue, 34; Wisconsin, 68Chicago, 32; Northwestern, 52Chicago, 47; Illinois, 37WrestlingChicago, 23; Purdue, 11Chicago, 20; Vanderbilt, 8Chicago, 9y2\ Iowa State, 24^ Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago, 2iy2 ; Grinnell, 9y23; Cornell, 2314; Northwestern, 16Fencing11; Purdue, 621 ; Illinois, 6%y2 ; Michigan State, 8y2Gymnastics542; Minnesota, 573555 ; Illinois, 565538; Iowa, 389^Hockey3; Illinois, 1MAROON teams emerged from the winter sportsseason with one and a half Big Ten championships. The fencing team had little difficulty inretaining its conference crown while the water polo team,championship co-holder a year ago, again split the titlewith Northwestern.The season, however, cannot be judged by the number of championships won but by team and individualperformances in dual and triangular meets and games.In all competition during the winter season, Chicagoteams won 27 contests, tied seven, and lost 17. In conference competition they won 15, tied five, and lost 14.A highlight of the season was Chicago's belated baptism in the winning column of Big Ten basketball. CoachNelson Norgren's cage men, after a disappointing beginning, found themselves late in the season and defeatedTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21Iowa and Illinois, teams which previously had beatenthe Maroon quintet.Dick Lounsbury, playing his first year of varsity basketball, proved the stand-out of the team. He played aconsistently rugged game in the pivot position and atthe end of the season was among the first 10 high scorers in the conference. The team as a whole, however,played an interesting brand of ball despite its losses.Along with Iowa and Illinois, two other major teams,Marquette and Loyola, were defeated by Chicago.From the squad Coach Norgren will lose Captain Kendal Petersen, John Eggemeyer, Morris Rossin, and PaulAmundsen by graduation. As a nucleus for next year'saggregation he will have Robert Cassels and Jack Mullins, speedy forwards; Lounsbury and Robert Meyer,sharp-shooting centers, and Howard Isaacson, LymanPaine and Carl Stanley, reserves. The squad will bebolstered by at least two outstanding freshmen, JoeStampf, center, and Bill Georgen, forward.The University of Chicago was host, March 11 and12, to the Big Ten at the conference indoor track andfield championships. While Michigan romped to itsfifth straight indoor title, and new records were established by Fenske of Wisconsin in the mile, Mehl of Wisconsin in the two mile, and Albritton of Ohio State inthe high jump, the meet provided an acid test for JohnDavenport, sophomore Maroon sprinter.Davenport won his trial heat in the 60-yards dashand then went on to take the championship race in thefairly fast time of :06.3. Davenport, a member of lastyear's football team, will be valuable to Track Coach NedMerriam this spring. . Because of his fast-finishing ability he will be at his best in the 100 and 220-yards dashes.He also may be a surprise in the low hurdles.But for Davenport's performance, Chicago's showingin the meet would have been almost tragic. CaptainGeorge Halcrow, holder of the conference outdoor 440-yards championship, failed to qualify. His long strideis also to be devoted to original work — something thatis stressed throughout the new course.The extent of this program demands the eliminationof the case method to a considerable degree. It is notbeing dropped altogether because it provides the lawyerwith an important tool of his trade. It is felt, however,that it can be mastered in a year, and there are membersof the Chicago faculty who feel that it is subject to thelaw of diminishing returns even before the end of thefirst year.This entirely new approach to the teaching of law, ofcourse, has demanded not only the preparation of newkinds of case and text books, but it also has made itnecessary to find a new kind of teacher. . . .Just now a special seminar in economics is being conducted for faculty members. Also, law men are attending non-legal courses so that they may formulate suggestions that will bring the subject matter into closerrelationship with their courses. And, naturally, the ex- makes it difficult for him to negotiate the sharp turnson the indoor oval. Bob Cassels, who holds the University of Chicago outdoor pole vault record of 13 feety2 inches, managed to take a slice of fifth place in theindoor event. Cassels, participating in basketball, hadbut a few days practice before competing.The Maroon mile relay team, composed of ChesterPowell, Kenath Sponsel, Jack Webster, and Halcrow,won fifth place for Chicago's final point, in one of thefastest relay fields in the history of the conference.Powell and Sponsel, both sophomores, have been showing steady improvement and will be in top shape forthe outdoor season.Although the Maroon wrestling team did not fulfillexpectations in the conference tournament, it qualifiedsix mat men for the semi-finals and won five points fora fourth place tie with Wisconsin. Some idea of thestrength of conference wrestling this year can be gleanedfrom the fact that of six defending champions, only oneretained his title.Bob Finwall, winner of the 145-pound championshiptwo years ago, placed second in the same division thisyear. He accounted for four of Chicago's five points.Captain Ed Valorz, powerful 175-pounder, failed toreach the championship bout but was considered by conference officials to be one of the outstanding wrestlers inthat class. Coach Spyros Vorres will enter both Valorzand Finwall in the national intercollegiate matches.Spring will usher in three new sports : baseball, tennisand outdoor track. Coach J. Kyle Anderson has nineveterans from last year with which to build this season'sdiamond team.Tennis Coach Wally Hebert, with the Murphy twins,Bill and Chester, Captain John Shostrom, John Kreiten-stein, Art Jorgenson and Charles Shostrom at his disposal, expects to guide the Maroon six-man team to another conference championship.perts in things non-legal are attending the law classes.The whole plan is still far from crystallizing. It ishoped that it will never become altogether hard and fast.While older law teachers, if not openly hostile, areskeptical about the program, some of the younger menat other schools are taking a keen interest in it. TheUniversity of Indiana has already announced that it isadopting the whole plan, and Louisiana State Universityeven anticipated it in some measure.Students at Chicago are enthusiastic about it, and soare many practicing lawyers. One of these, John Wrightof Kansas City, expressed his enthusiasm in the formof a scholarship. . . ."So far we have little more than an experiment," saidPresident Hutchins, "but I shall be sorely disappointedif this new, kind of legal training does not in the endhave a profound impact on our law. It must change it,make it more realistic and more intelligent — otherwiseour plan will be a failure."The Law School Plan in Action (Continued from Page 15)NEWS OF THE CLASSES1894Warren P. Behan, PhD'99, president of Sioux Falls College, South Dakota, has published in the Sioux FallsCollege Bulletin an interesting article,"The Way Out," stressing the failure oftoday's education in spite of its apparentsuccess and phenomenal growth in thelast three decades. Its need, he holds,is for higher aims and motivations.1896Mrs. Preston Rice (Katharine Livingstone) is president of the Rice Veneer and Lumber Company, GrandRapids, Michigan, and does considerablelecturing on gardening. Her husbanddied on April 16, 1937.Herbert L. Willett, PhD, and Mrs.Willett of Kenilworth, Illinois, celebrated their golden wedding anniversary on January 4.1897Charles J. Chamberlain, PhD, iscontemplating a trip into Mexico during the spring of 1938 for further fieldstudy of the living Cycads.Professor Emeritus Edgar J. Good-speed, DB, PhD'98, and Professor William A. Irwin, DB'17, PhD'25, arecollaborating with other scholars underthe auspices of the International Council of Religious Education in the revision of the American Standard Version of the Bible.Number 4 among the matriculates ofthe University, George E. Tunell,PhD, has been associated for more thanthirty years with the Atchison, Topekaand Santa Fe Railway, and is Commissioner of Taxes for the Santa Fe System. - While his first interest is otcourse to obtain fair treatment for theSante Fe, he has always been interestedin government, especially on its financial side. He was a member of theCommission on Public Expenditures appointed by Mayor Busse, of whichCharles E. Merriam, then Alderman ofthe 7th Ward, was Chairman. A trustee of the Chicago Bureau of PublicEfficiency and also a member of the executive committee of the Committee onPublic Expenditures until these organizations were combined with the CivicFederation and Bureau of Public Efficiency, he has long been a trustee ofthe Civic Federation and Bureau ofPublic Efficiency and is now vice president of that organization. He has delivered many addresses in the generalfield of public expenditures beforeChambers of Commerce, including theUnited States Chamber of Commerce,tax payers' associations, and the National Tax Association. An enthusiastic hunter and fisherman, he huntsquail, sonora pigeons, wild turkeys,ducks, geese and deer, and fishes chieflyfor rainbow and steelhead trout in thestreams flowing into the Pacific Ocean.At present he is looking forward with great anticipation to a fishing and hunting trip in Alaska this spring.Chaplain Joel Franklin Wood, DB,has announced the marriage of his onlydaughter, Lois Jennie, to Sydney HallSmith at Hollywood, California.1898William L. Bray, PhD, remains atSyracuse University as acting professorof botany, and acting^dean of the Graduate School.Otis W. Caldwell, PhD, is visitingprofessor at Atlanta, Georgia, duringthe academic year 1937-38. He is continuing during this period certain dutiesas general secretary of the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement ofScience.E. W. Mecum, DB, is deputy probation officer in West Los Angeles, California.1899Everett J. Parsons, DB'02, 119 EastMarket Street, Xenia, Ohio, is pastorof the First Baptist Church and president of the Ministerial Association ofXenia.Robert Wilson Smith, PhD, livesat 485 Armadale Ave., Toronto, Canada. On his retirement from activeservice several years ago from McMas-ter University, the institution conferredupon him the honorary degree of Doctor of Science in recognition of his longservice.Pearl L. Weber, AM'20, assistantprofessor of philosophy and psychologyat the Municipal University of Omaha,is doing special lecturing this year on"What Plato Said About Music," "Reconstruction in Psychology," and "Universities and First Principles," and hasalready given the Plato lecture at ParkCollege, Parkville, Missouri, and at theUniversity of Kansas City. This lecture is to be published in The Etude.1905Colonel Alva J. Brasted, DB, completed his term as Chief of Chaplains ofthe United States Army and retiredfrom that post December 23. He isnow post chaplain at Fort Belvoir, Virginia.1906In his new book Everyday withChemistry H. H. Bunzell, PhD'09,presents in a most interesting, simplifiedform, minute stories of chemistry andits important place in our everyday life.William Crocker, PhD, director ofthe Boyce Thompson Institute for PlantResearch at Yonkers, New York, hasbeen awarded the 1938 gold medal ofthe American Institute. The Institutecited Dr. Crocker "for his contributionsto knowledge of life processes and forhis unique leadership in the organization of plant research."1907Robert R. Williams, chemical di rector of the Bell Telephone Laboratories of New York and discoverer ofthe chemical structure of Vitamin Blwas recently awarded the 1938 WillardGibbs Medal for outstanding achievement in chemistry by the Chicago section of the American Chemical Society1908Irwin N. Walker announces theformation of the law firm of Walker,Atwood, and Porter, with offices at 10South LaSalle Street, Chicago. Thefirm will engage in a general civil practice and will specialize in corporationand probate practice and in federal andstate tax matters. A department will bemaintained for patents, trade marks,and unfair competition.1909Genevieve Apgar of Ohio Universitywas recently elected to the presidencyof the Athens Branch of the A. AU. W.Carl H. Lambach, JD'12, announceshis association with Howard E. Kopfand A. Fred Berger for the generalpractice of law under the firm name ofLambach, Kopf & Berger, 1102 Davenport Bank Building, Davenport, Ia.Lambach has been engaged in the general practice of law in Davenport since1912 and will continue to direct his attention to general practice and trialwork.John W. Shideler of 1298 MedfordAvenue, Topeka, is the Macmillan Company representative in Kansas.1910Lillian Gubelman, AM'23, a member of the faculty of the State TeachersCollege at Valley City, North Dakota,is now state representative of the International Federation of Business andProfessional Women's Clubs. MissGubelman enjoys doing fancy work,especially knitting and needle point, andtraveling.Harriet Hartford is connected withthe San Francisco Continuation School.William H. Kadesch, PhD, is professor of physics at Iowa State TeachersCollege at Cedar Falls.1911Cyrus Leroy Baldridge has donea characteristically fine job illustratingHajji Baba, offered by the Book of theMonth Club in March.O. B. Baldwin, AM, is professor ofpsychology and dean of men at WhittierCollege, California.Hilmar R. Baukhage is with theNorth American Newspaper Alliance,1294 National Press Building, Washington, D. C.Main Bocher, ex, is proprietor ofone of Paris' famous dressmakinghouses, "Mainbocher, Couture." Leaving college after his freshman year because of his desire to become an artist,he drifted from New York to Europe,22THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23studied singing, lost his voice (since recovered), turned back to drawing forHarper's Bazar, then Vogue, becomingeditor of French Vogue. In 1930 he setup his own shop and now numbersamong his customers the Duchess ofWindsor, Kay Francis, Mrs. VincentAstor and Baronne de Rothschild.Mary E. Davis is doing opportunityor remedial teaching at the Oak StreetJunior High School in Burlington,Iowa.Mary R. Parkman of 3041 Sedg-wich Street, Washington, D. C, retiredfrom active teaching in February tohave more time for writing and outdoor interests.James B. Shouse, AM, is professorof education at Marshall College, Huntington, West Virginia.Professor Georgiana R. Simpson,AM'20, PhD'21, of Howard Universityis secretary-treasurer of the NationalAssociation of College Women. Herhobbies are the piano and walking.As a hobby, Professor John G. Sinclair of the University of Texas Medi-ical School maintains a home workshopwhere he designs and produces specialequipment for teaching in the field ofhistology and embryology. This has included microscope accessories, micro-projector, dissectible human embryomodels and an illustrated atlas of fetalanatomy.1912Florence E. Clark, AM'36, personnel director at the Farragut HighSchool of Chicago, wrote an articleon "Occupational Information in theSmall Community," for Occupations,the first part appearing in November1937 issue and the second part in theDecember issue.Edwin B. Mayer, JD, is a memberof the newly formed law firm of Mayer,Altheimer and Kabaker at One NorthLaSalle Street, Chicago.1913Harrison E. Biller, organizationmanager for the Curtis PublishingCompany, makes his home at 1404Shelby Street, Sandusky, Ohio.Everett E. Campbell, AM, is minister of the Margaret Park UnitedPresbyterian Church in Akron, Ohio.Along with her teaching at the OakPark High School, Essie Chamberlain, AM'24, is working on severalbooks and some studies in English.From East Orange, New Jersey,comes this note from Elizabeth JonesFarrell (Mrs. William K.) : "Havecontinued with my home making job, atthe same time devoting much energyto church work. Have also helped alittle on committees in our Woman'sClub and College Club. My only songraduated from Yale in June, and I washappy that he could have Dr. Angell'sname on his diploma, as I do mine. Attended a Chicago dinner in New Yorklast week and as always enjoyed it verymuch. Hope to attend my 25th Reunionin June."Mrs. Dorothy Fox Hollings-worth's oldest son is now a junior atWestern University in Cleveland while her two younger children are attendingschool in Lakewood where the Hollings-worths live at 1064 Sylvan Avenue.Mignonette Spilman, AM, is assistant professor in the classics at the University of Utah.1914Several times each year Earl L.Symes, chemical engineer, travelsthrough the sugar producing areas ofBrazil and Argentina in his work assales manager for the firm of Petree &Dorr Engineers, Inc.1916Sterling S. Beath, AM, now at theKennebec Hotel, Long Beach, California, is on furlough from the University of Shanghai. Mr. Beath will fill inhis time profitably at the University ofSouthern California.E. L. Harrington, PhD, heads theDepartment of Physics at the University at Saskatchewan. The eldest of hisfour children, Harrel L. Harrington, isa research student in surgery at theUniversity of Chicago.Leslie A. Kenoyer, PhD, taught inthe summer school of Ohio Universityat Athens, Ohio. He then took a fieldtrip to Mexico, where he remained during the autumn quarter, returning toresume his work at the Teachers' College, Kalamazoo, Michigan, at the beginning of the present year.Vernon F. Schwalm, AM, PhD'26,is president of McPherson College, McPherson, Kansas.Sylvester F. Wadden, JD, formerlyof Henderson, Hatfield and Wadden,announces the formation of a partnership with Byron L. Sifford for the general practice of law under the firm nameof Sifford and Wadden with offices at363 New Orpheum Building, SiouxCity, Iowa.LettersOUT OF HIS CLASSIf possible, the writer would like tosecure a few extra copies of the Marchissue of the Magazine. Mrs. Castle'sprize article was deserving of the BigMoney, in the writer's opinion, and I'dlike to pass it along to some of myfeminine friends for a careful reading.(If you can guess what I mean.)Incidentally, the writer as an "alsoran" is cited as of the Class of '97 — amost tragic, world-upsetting error. Hisclass is and was 1896 and not in an)way to be confused with that riotousrabble of 1897, a number of whom endedup badly as PhDs, University Presidents, Professors of English and othersuch ornamentals ne'er-do-wells ! Ifyou would get 'my number' — get it correctly and save me much spiritual distress.Yours for Truth in all things,Charles Sumner Pike, '96.Detroit, Michigan. CverythrillingHOUR-Here is a tour-experience that will last aslong as memory . •prove a precious business and social asset allthe days of your life. Forjapan's cultural background dates back to anearly civilization distinguished for poetic symbolism, scholarly appreciation of the reall)worth-while things, andinherent beauty.ftThere's a thrill in everyhour ashore on this sundrenched island of theInland Sea: thrills in unaccustomed sights, asamazingly different aswhite-crowned Fun anda fair shrine in its gardenof flowers— deep gorgesof the "Japan Alps," anda smiling girl under bouquets of plum and cherryIblossotns. athrill, too, in modernjtyo, with its fine ho-wis. sports arenas, theatres, gardens, palaces,quaint native streets.You'll find Japan different — smilingly, courteously, scenicallydifferent. _4!ftheBeautifulBOARD OF TOURIST INDUSTRYJAPANESE GOVERNMENT RAILWAYSll is possible to catch the tempo of thesethrills m charmingly illustrated literature,now available — at no cost. Express-speedships and an exchange rate that's gratifyinglyliberal.Write to JAPAN TOURIST BUREAU55/ Fifth Avenue. New York. N.Y.1151 S. Broadway, Los Angeles, Calif.YourTRAVELACENT will give all detailsXllth OLYMPIAD— TOKYO, 1940VERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE24 THE UNILIBRARY SCHOOL209 S. State St., Chicago, III.Preparatory course for public Librarian.Practical book courses for positions inRental Libraries and book stores.Register Mon. to Fri. II a. m. to 4 p. m.The Midway School6216 Kimbark Ave. Tel. Dorchester 3299Elementary Grades — High SchoolPreparation — KindergartenFrench, Music and ArtBUS SERVICEA School with Individual Instruction andCultural AdvantagesELIZABETH HULL SCHOOLForRETARDED CHILDREN'Boarding and Day Pupils5046Greenwood Ave TelephoneDrexel 1 1 88Intensive Stenographic CourseFOR COLLEGE MEN & WOMEN100 Words a Minute in 100 Days As- ±flured for one Fee. Enroll NOW. Day wsclasses only — Begin Jan., Apr., Julyand Oct. Write or Phone Ban. 1575.18 S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO^MacCormac School ofCommerceBusiness Administration and SecretarialTrainingDAY AND EVENING CLASSESAccredited by the National Association of Accredited Commercial Schools.1170 E. 63rd St. H. P. 2130THE OLDEST CAMP IN THE WESTCAMP HIGHLANDSFOR BOYSSAYNER, WISCONSINThree Camps— 8-12: 13-14: 15-17Woodcraft, Athletic and Water Sports,Music, Photography, Scouting, Long CanoeTrips, Riding, Shooting, Shop,, Nature Lore,Camping Trips, Unexcelled Equipment,Experienced Staff, Doctor-Nurse.WRITE THE DIRECTOR FOR CATALOGW. J. MONILAW, M. D.5712 Kenwood Ave., Chicago 1918Rodney B. Harvey, PhD, has returned to his work at Minnesota afterspending a year in the Citrus Laboratory at Dunedin, Florida. Dr. Harveyexhibited a collection of portraits ofplant physiologists at the Indianapolismeetings, in December, 1937.Still running his department store mHuntington, West Virginia, John W.Lang spends most of his spare time inlocal civic work, plays a little golf anddevotes the month of January to loafingin Florida.The vice-president of the Collegechapter of the Wisconsin Education Association is Helen* E. Loth, AM'20,PhD'36. She is an instructor in German and Latin at the Superior StateTeachers -College.Harlow L. Walster, PhD, who hasbeen director of the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and deanof the School of Agriculture, has beenrelieved of the duties of the directorshipof the station through the appointmentof H. C. Hanson as acting director.Dr. Walster remains Dean of theSchool of Agriculture.1919Author and co-author of a series ofworkbooks on The Right Things to Dofor Health and Strength (published byA. J. Nystrom and Company in November 1937), Cherrie P. Alexan-droff teaches at Parker ElementarySchool, Chicago.George D. Josif, AM, who receivedthe degrees of D.B. and Ed.D. at Columbia, is now educational adviser ofthe American Baptist Mission whileacting as principal of Cushing HighSchool and president of the Associationof Heads of Schools at Rangoon.1920Ralph Ostergren, DB, for severalyears pastor of the First Baptist Church,Weirton, West Virginia, and directorof the Weirton Christian Center, hasbecome executive secretary of the CityMission Society of Boston.Perry D. Strausbaugh, PhD, continues his ecological work in the fieldeach summer. During the summer of1937 the West Virginia stations visitedwere Middlebourne, Arnoldsburg, Rich-wood, Franklin, Berkeley Springs, andMount Storm. Dr. Strausbaugh alsoreports that he and Mrs. Strausbaughhave been grandparents since Thanksgiving Day, 1936.1921Hugo L. Blomquist, PhD, professorof botany at Duke University, has published several papers on the Hepaticaeand mosses of North Carolina. Thesehave appeared mainly in The Bryolo-gist. During the academic year 1936-37 Dr. Blomquist was granted leave ofabsence to complete his work on thegrasses of North Carolina, which issoon to be published.H. D. Byrne, AM, is State Senatorand head of the newly created Department of Political Science at Kent StateUniversity, Ohio.I Professor George H. Daugherty, PhD, is on the English faculty of theWoodrow Wilson Junior College ofChicago.Hurford H. Davison resigned aspersonnel director for Hahne and Company of Newark, New Jersey, in March,to accept an appointment as supervisorfor "Distributive Occupational Education" for the State of New York. Hisheadquarters will be at Albany, NewYork, and the position is essentially toput into effect the terms of the recentlypassed George Deen Act.Arthur F. Freelove, public accountant, manages the Glens Falls, N.Y., office of Ball, George and Company.Claude Wilson San key is countysuperintendent of schools for WrightCounty, Iowa.T. H. Shelby, AM, professor of educational administration and dean of theDivision of Extension at the Universityof Texas, recently collaborated on AStudy of the Building Needs of SanAntonio Public Schools.Harry R. Shepherd, AM'27, is vice-principal of the Paseo High School,Kansas City, Mo.1922During the ten years Helen B. Burton, SM, PhD'29, has been director ofthe School of Home Economics at theUniversity of Oklahoma, they haveadded three new staff members, openeda nursery school and have equipped ahigh school laboratory for studentteaching.Elective offices Miss Burton has heldand holds at the present time include:vice president of the local chapter ofA. A. U. P. and Sigma Xi; recordingsecretary of the local D. A. R. chapter;state research chairman of the Businessand Professional Woman's Clubs; corresponding secretary of the local chapter of Delta Kappa Gamma.Roy A. Cheville, DB'25, is teachingsociology and religion in GracelandCollege, a junior college in Lamoni,Iowa.Alice A. Doner, AM'25, studied lastsummer at the National University ofMexico. She is dean of women at Manchester College in Indiana.Mattie M. Dykes, AM, on leave ofabsence from Northwest Missouri StateTeachers College, is back on the Midway again for graduate study this year.Edouardo Quisumbing, PhD, leftfor Singapore on January 20 to attendthe third Congress for Prehistoric Research in the Far East. He went as official delegate of the Philippine Commonwealth, and spent the week of January 24-29, 1938 in attendance at thesessions of the Congress. Followingthe Congress, he visited museums andbotanic gardens in Singapore, Siam,and Java.Influence of Geography on Our Economic Life is the title of the textbookrecently published by Douglas C. Ridg-ley, SM, of Bloomington, Illinois, incollaboration with Sidney E. Ekblaw.Professor Ridgley, retired this yearfrom the School of Geography at ClarkUniversity, is doing editorial work forseveral geographical magazines — as as-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 25sociate editor of the Journal of Geography and Education as well as geography editor of Business EducationJVorld.1923Logan Anderson, AM, of R. R.Donnelley and Sons Company, spendsall his time in contact with learnedsocieties, schools and colleges, andschool-book publishers, helping them onprinting and publicity problems.Leora Blair, AM, recently returnedto Louisiana State Normal College aftercompleting a tour around the world.Her title is associate professor ofmathematics.Through her connection with theState Board of the Indiana League ofWomen Voters, Mrs. Paul V. Ford(Alixe McNicol) of Kokomo, Indiana, was asked to serve on GovernorTownsend's committee to draft newmarriage laws for Indiana. Mr. Fordis serving his third term as prosecutingattorney of Howard County, Ind.Marjorie Howard Morgan is busyin her music studio in the Fine ArtsBuilding, and still presides over theMusical Guild of Chicago, an altruisticorganization which helps worthy youngmusicians to find a place in the musicallife of the city. She is singing severalprograms this spring including one forthe University of Chicago SettlementLeague. However, when there's skating weather she and her daughterswould rather be on the Midway thananywhere else. This past summer theHowards bought a cottage at CrystalLake, Mich.Matthew Spinka, PhD, whp is amember of the faculty of the ChicagoTheological Seminary, is the author ofa book entitled Christianity ConfrontsCommunism, published by Harper inthis country in 1936 and more recentlyrepublished by John Gifford in England,where it was chosen as the book of themonth for December by the ReligiousBook Club of London.1924In the past five years, Elam J. Anderson, PhD, president of LinfieldCollege, has been concerned with doubling the enrollment, securing listing onaccredited list of Association of American Universities, completing five yearswithout a deficit, adding seven buildingsto the college equipment, and launchinga new curriculum called the New Linfield Plan. Golf and music are hisfavorite diversions.Loa Greene teaches fifth grade andis principal of the elementary school atMount Clemens, Michigan. She hasnot been absent from school on accountof illness since 1914.Earle L. Rauber, PhD'30, is actinghead of the Department of Economicsat Alabama Polytechnic Institute at Auburn.1925After fourteen years in educationalwork in Bolivia under the MethodistBoard of Foreign Missions, Burt T.Hodges, AM, has returned to this country to devote his attention to problemsof college and university finance. He is *\<^ • ' 'itt«***£• SHOlVe^°-'> *!«>v°**:^et ••;.« v» "^^fW^****»v*e ,o*' c\»*•^V" ^ ^c»\0 f& -?***V o»vO^ VW«s & AVWrite for 28 page SliStyle Book — and datesof Frank Brothers exhibitions in your city. Aqua-liie — a "can't wear'em out" model . . . tanor black, with the qualitybuilt-in — not added on.$14.75FRANK BROTHERS588 Fifth Avenue • 47th -48th Streets • New YorkChicago: US W.Adams Slreet • Lo* Angeles: Oviait Building • Pittsburgh: 225 Oliver AvenueA Timely SuggestionIt is important and decidedly toyour advantage to anticipateyour spring and summer wardrobe early.Whether you require a newspring and summer suit, topcoat,dress attire, or sports clothes —all are personal items that callfor immediate action.New importations are now ondisplay for your early inspection.Prices will interest you.Campbell, Etsele &Polich, Ltd. SlTrITelephone State 5386 8 South Michigan Avenueassistant bursar at Denison University.Maurice H. Kamm, JD'27, Chicagoattorney, specializes in real estate lawand bond issue reorganizations. Horseback riding is his favorite sport.Harold V. Lucas, AM, is county secretary of the Hawaii County Y. M.C. A.Joseph B. Rhine, PhD, leads a busylife these days, as the storm center ofextra-sensory perception psychology.His recent book New Frontiers of the26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEConsultWESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC ELEVATOR COMPANYMerchandise Mart • Telephone Superior 7878IF YOU HAVE AN ELEVATOR PROBLEMREPAIRS — SERVICE — MAINTENANCEMODERNIZATION — NEW ELEVATORSWhatever you doShorthand will be useful to you.Learn GREGGthe world's fastest shorthand.THE GREGG PUBLISHING COMPANY6 North Michigan Ave. ChicagoBUSINESSDIRECTORYAMBULANCE SERVICEBOYDSTON BROS.Emergency 'phones OAK. 0492-0493operatingAuthorized Ambulance Servicefor Billings HospitalUniversity Clinics, etc.PACKARD AND LASALLE EQUIPMENTASBESTOSMAL0 PIONEERING IN THEDEVELOPMENT OF INSULATIONMATERIALS FOR THE CONTROLOF HEAT-LOSS SINCE 1873KEASBEY & MATTISON COMPANY140 So. Dearborn St. Ran. 6951 awnings mmPhones Oakland 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.,INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove Avenue BOILER REPAIRINGBEST BOILER REPAIR &WELDING CO.BOILER REPAIRING AND WELDING24 HOUR SERVICE1408 S. Western Ave. Tel. Canal 6071 Mind, was chosen by the Book of theMonth Club in October, and sold over100,000 copies during the first month.This attests the popular interest in thegeneral subject. Professor of Psychology at Duke University, Rhine is alsoone of the editors of the Journal ofParapsychology, which began to appearduring 1937.Mary- Sleezer White (Mrs. GeorgeH.) of 167 North Chestnut Street, Kentucky, Ohio, has two lively daughtersof 7l/i and 4 years. Secretary of theTravelers Club, she tells us that the Clubis this year studying the Scandinaviancountries.1926Toledo's socialized hospitalizationplan was placed in operation the firstof April under the direction of EdwardC. Ames, assistant professor of English in the University of Toledo, whowas named executive secretary of theHospital Service Association in Toledolast February. Ames had an interesting"Note on 'Suite' " in the December,1937, number of American Speech. Heand L. D. Barnhart have developed aneffective device or plan for teachingpronunciation to college students andhave published this word study suggestion leaflet under the title of "TheAmes-Barnhart Pronunciation Drill"(C. E. Merriam Co.)Mrs. Thomas B. Coulter (EleanorHoward), AM, has been elected president of the Tulsa Branch of the American Association of University Women.Craig R. Johnson, JD, and FranklinD. Trueblood, who were for many yearsassociated with John M. Zane in thepractice of law, announce the formationof a partnership for the general practice of law under the firm name of Zane,Trueblood & Johnson with offices inSuite 1210 Harris Trust Building, 111West Monroe Street, Chicago.The Central Section of the AmericanAnthropological Association recentlyelected W. M. Krogman, AM'27,PhD'29, president.The title Hilario A. Roxas, PhD,holds is chief of the Fish and GameAdministration and (insular game warden in the Philippines. He is a chartermember of the Philippine Islands National Research Council. He and hiswife, and their three sons, Jarine, Hilario Jr., Seguno, live at Mariquina,Rizal, P. I.May Yeoman Townsend (Mrs. H.F.) tells us that her third child andsecond son, Richard Yeoman, was bornApril 6, 1937, at Fort Worden, Washington. Since July the Townsends havebeen at Fort Sherman, situated on thewest side of the north end of the Panama Canal. Helen Williamson reports that thenursery-kindergarten school for children (three to seven years which shestarted in 1933 in the South Shore district in Chicago is growing and prospering. At this "year-round" schoolspecial attention is given to readingreadiness and the newest and best methods of teaching children to read whenthey are ready. The school is nowlocated at 2409 East 73rd Street, Chicago.1927Dorothea K. Adolph is teachingfirst grade at the Malvern School inShaker Heights, Ohio, and taking graduate work in education at Western Reserve University.Ivan A. Booker, AM, PhD'34, isassistant director of the Research Division of the National Education Association, Washington, D. C, and lives at617 North Lincoln Street, Arlington,Virginia.William E. Vaughan, PhD, '29, isa research chemist with the Shell Development Company in Emeryville,Calif.1928Mervin M. Deems, PhD, of BangorTheological Seminary, was chosen oneof the leaders in the Fraternity Embassy (February 28 to March 2) ofColby College. "Following the Bowdoin,Amherst plans, this was a religiousenterprise at each fraternity house forinformal discussions of the place of religion in modern life. As a D.U. (JohnsHopkins '21), Deems was the leader atthe D. U. House, and reports that theembassy as a whole (Colby's first experience) was designated a success.Veva E. Packard, who took her sabbatical leave this year, expects to gether M.A. in June from Teachers College, Columbia University.Supervisor of student teaching atCentral State Teachers College, Mt.Pleasant, Michigan, for the past sevenyears, Ethel M. Praeger, AM'29,' hadher sabbatical year of absence last year,studied in New York during the firstsemester and traveled for five monthsduring the rest of the year in the Mediterranean countries, Egypt, Near East,Iraq and later in Central Europe. Anamateur movie fan, she got some excellent movies of the foreign countries shevisited.Ben A. Sylla, AM'33, ChicagoHeights Superintendent of Schools, waselected president of the Lakeshore Division of the Illinois Education Association for 1937-38.1929Howard K. Bauernfeind, AM, ismanaging editor of J. B. LippincottCompany, Chicago.Jacob Geffs, JD, has left University,Alabama, and is entering the practiceof law with his brother, George S.Geffs, at Janesville, Wisconsin.Ruth McNeil, pianist and organist,is^ an instructor at the University ofMississippi.Alice Ryder, SM, PhD'35, is amember of the Home Economics Department, Kent State University.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27BONDSP. H. Davis, *ll. H. I. Markham, *Ex.'06R W. Davis, '16 W. M. Giblin, '23F. B. Evans, 'IIPaul H. Davis & Co.MembersNew York Stock ExchangeChicago Stock Exchange10 So. La Salle St. Franklin 8622BOOKSMEDICAL BOOKSof All PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andall New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEAKMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical CollegeBUILDING CONSTRUCTIONW. J. LYNCHCOMPANYBUILDING CONSTRUCTION208 So. La Salle StreetCHICAGOCATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900—0901Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882CEMENT CONTRACTORSH. BORGESONPhone Avenue 4028 P. OSTERGAARDPhone Albany 6511"O.K." Construction & Mfg. Go.LICENSEDCement ContractorsGarbage ContainersCement Garden FurniturePHONEAVENUE 4028 4328 BELMONT AVENUECHICAGO. ILL.T. A. REHNQUIST CO.CEMENT SIDEWALKSCONCRETE FLOORSTelephoneBEVERLY 0890FOR AN ESTIMATE ANYWHERE 1930Claude M. Chilson is an administrative investigator for the TreasuryDepartment, Washington, D. C.Eugene J. Goellner, SM, of St.Anselm's College, Manchester, NewHampshire, devotes his leisure to birdbanding and maintaining a bird sanctuary.Frank Greenberg, JD'32, recentlybecame a partner in the firm of Levinson, Becker, Peebles & Swiren, OneNorth LaSalle Street, Chicago.Robert S. Shane, PhD'32, has ac-cepted^ a position with the WesternAdhesives Company, Chicago.George H. Scherer, PhD, now atB.P. 582, Beyrouth, Lisou, Syria, writesof his adventures with Far Eastern warfare, Traveling from Syria to SanFrancisco via the Far East to avoidGibraltar and Spain, he and Mrs.Scherer got into Shanghai instead ! Inthe Palace Hotel on Nanking Roadwhen it was bombed on August 14, theyevacuated to Hong Kong, where theyran into the cholera epidemic and theworst typhoon of years. They are now"recuperating" at 400 West Burnside,Portland, Oregon.1931Mary E. Andrews, PhD, GoucherCollege, Baltimore, Maryland, is nowpresident of the National Association ofBiblical Instructors. The Associationheld a meeting on the University ofChicago campus on January 17 and 18.From Gloria Diener Glover (Mrs.Carl A.), AM, comes this note: "Afterspending the summer in England, wemoved to Cincinnati where my husbandis pastor of the Walnut Hills Congregational Church. What educationalwork I do now is in the summer atchurch conferences. For the past twoyears I have been director of the International Older Girls' Camp Conferenceat Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire."Marian Garbe is now teaching thirdgrade in the Horace Greeley School inChappaqua, N. Y. From February toJune, 1937, she studied at Teachers College, Columbia University, and this pastsummer was councillor and director ofcreative writing at the House of ThreeBears Camp, Green Lake, Wis.Joseph J. Jasper, PhD, editor of theDetroit Chemist and councilor of theDetroit Section of the American Chemical Society, is a member of the facultyat Wayne University, Detroit. His titleis assistant professor of chemistry. Aphotographic enthusiast, he operateswith a miniature camera.Carl S. Meyer, AM, is registrar andhead of Social Science Department atBethany College, Mankato, Minn. Hemarried Lucille Pfeifer in July, 1935.Sallie E. Robison, AM, is personnel director of the Louisiana Polytechnic Institute.Harry L. Severson, AM, head ofthe# Department of Economics at theUniversity of Omaha, has resigned toretain his post in the Research and Statistics Division of the Federal DepositInsurance Corporation at Washington. CHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, *I2B. R. Harris, '21Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6COALEASTMAN COAL CO.Established 19027 YARDSALL OVER TOWNMAIN office252 West 69th StreetTelephone Wentworth 3215Wasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phones: Wentworth 8620-1-2-3-4Wasson's Coal Makes Good — or—Wasson DoesCOFFEE -TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209-13 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone Stafe 1350Boston— New York— Philadelphia— SyracuseCUT STONEOfficePhone Radcliffe 5988 ResidencePhone Beverly 9208ZIMMERMAN CUT STONE CO.Cut — Planed — Turned — StoneHigh - GradeBuilding-Rubbles - Flag Stone - Garden Rocks55 East 89th Place Chicago, IllinoisELECTRICAL CONTRACTORSMEADE ELECTRICCOMPANY, INC.ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORSWIRING FOR LIGHT & POWER3252Franklin Blvd. TelephoneKedzie 5070ELECTRIC SIGNSFEDERAL NEONSIGNS•FEDERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYCLAUDE NEON FEDERAL CO.8700 South State Street•W. D. Krupke, '19Vice-president28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE ELECTROLYSISHAIR REMOVED FOREVER17 Years' ExperienceFREE CONSULTATIONLOTTIE A. METCALFEGraduate NurseALSOELECTROLYSIS EXPERTMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused.Permanent removal of Hair from Face,Eyebrows, Back of Neck or any partof Body; destroys 200 to 600 Hair Rootsper hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Member American Assn. Medical Hydrology andPhysical Therapy and IIL Chamber of Commerce$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705, Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.ENGINEERSNEILER, RICH & CO. (not inc.)ENGINEERSCONSULTING, DESIGNING ANDSUPERVISINGAir Conditioning HeatingElectrical VentilatingMechanical Sanitary431 So. Dearborn StreetTelephone Harrison 7691FENCESANCHOR POST FENCE CO.Ornamental Iron — Chain Link —Rustic WoodFences for Campus, Tennis Court,Estate, Suburban Home or Industrial Plant.Free Advisory Service and EstimatesFurnished333 N. Michigan Ave.Telephone STAte 5812FLOWERSi*0 CHICAGOfKr Established 1865FLOWERSPhones: Plaza 6444, 64451 364 East 53rd Street FORIVI CLAMPSUNIVERSAL FORM CLAMP COForm Clamping and Tying DevicesBuilding Specialties972 Montana St., Chicago, Illinois•San Francisco — Los Angeles — Jersey City— Philadelphia — Cleveland — Houston —Boston — New York — Syracuse James H. Smith, AM, is now principal of the Sherwood School in Chicago.Willard R. Sprowls, SM'35, research chemist, recently employed bythe Standard Oil Development Company of Linden, New Jersey, is livingat 112 Westfield Avenue, Elizabeth,New Jersey.Lewis M. Turner, PhD, has resigned from the University of Arkansas and has joined the staff of the U. S.Forest Experiment Station at New Orleans, Louisiana.1932Ruth H. Abells, SM'35, is directorof student personnel and psychologyteacher at Morgan Park Junior College,Chicago.Irvine H.- Graham, AM, is an instructor in music and English at theCalgary Normal School in Calgary,Alberta, Canada.Sylvia M. Griswold, PhD, is at theUniversity of Chicago, continuing herrcsfisrchPaulK. Houdek, SM, of the highschool at Robinson, Illinois, is theproud father of a second son, BruceCampbell, who arrived September 20,1937.Robert T. McCarthy is now zonemanager of the Parts Warehouse Division of Chevrolet Motors in DesMoines, Iowa.Allen L. Shank is supervisor ofeducation in the United States Industrial Reformatory at Chillicothe, Ohio,under the U. S. Bureau of Prisons.This work is in a somewhat new fieldof penal education of first offenders ofadult age.1933Marie Dean, AM, English teacher,makes a hobby of flower gardening.She is vice president of the ClassroomTeachers Association of Springfield, 111.Instructor in sophomore physics atthe University of Chicago, MichaelFerence, AM'35, PhD'37, is writingthe articles now appearing in the Chicago Sunday Tribune under the headingof "The Graphic Laboratory of Popular Science."Charles A. Hoffmann, PhD,Teachers' College, Minot, North Dakota, is rejoicing in the recent purchaseof a house, and in the arrival of adaughter, Mary Sussane.Lomira Perry, AM, is preparing forher preliminary examination for a PhDin history at the University of Chicago,and living at Green Hall.Ralph Sherman is in the new business development department of theFirst Federal Savings and Loan Association of Chicago, 111 South DearbornStreet.In addition to his work in the Research Department of the Social Security Board in Washington, D. C, Kenneth L. Sloan has been studying lawat George Washington University, attending class in the evening after officehours. This is his second year inWashington. 1934Karl C. Hamner, PhD, joined thestaff of the Department of Botany atthe University of Chicago in September, 1937, after somewhat more than ayear with the U. S. Department ofAgriculture at Beltsville, Maryland.Virginia Jeffries is working in theeditorial department of the TownsfolkMagazine, a Chicago publication devoted to society, sports, travel, thesports and other topics of particularinterest to Chicagoans.Carol A. Kinney, AM'35, is research assistant to Dr. W. S. Gray ofthe University of Chicago.Elmer Lawson took his doctor's degree at Northwestern last June and isnow at Penn State College on a postdoctoral fellowship.Bethany Mather is now secretaryin the Legal Department of N. B. C,New York City.1935Goldy Abraham, kindergartenteacher at the Phil Sheridan School ofChicago, is now on sabbatical leave,taking a five months' cruise to East andSouth Africa.Frank Culhane of the IllinoisState Board for Vocational Educationis assistant state supervisor of trade andindustrial education.Ivan Edmister, AM, is a pre-medical student at the University of California and lives at 4218 Linnet Avenue,Oakland.Now in Maracaibo, Venezuela, JaneW. Holman is teaching in a privateschool operated by the Standard, Shell,and Gulf Petroleum Corporations forthe children of their employees.Conrad E. Ronneberg, PhD, ischairman of the Department of Physical Sciences at Herzl City Junior College, Chicago.Albert Wehling, JD, is an instructor in law at Valparaiso UniversitySchool of Law.1936Since February Robert Bobisud hasbeen teaching accounting, public speaking and forecasting at the Chicago College of Commerce.Simon E. Bourgin is writing correspondence in the Washington officeof the Foreign Policy Association.Sam T. Freeman, AM, has accepteda call to the Second Christian Church,Bloomington, Illinois.Hilmer H. Laude, PhD, of KansasState College, is the author of# twopapers on cold resistance of winterwheats, published in the Journal ofAgricultural Research in June, 1937.His son, Horton, has recently beenelected a Rhodes Scholar from Kansas.Helen R. Miller is a personnelassistant for the Carnegie-Illinois SteelCorporation of Chicago.Mrs. Lavinia J. Wilkinson'sdaughter Jane was valedictorian of theJanuary, 1938, Class at EnglewoodHigh School, a member of the NationalHonor Society, president of the FrenchClub, and photography editor of the"Purple and White."ERSITY OF CHICAGO MTHE WfilFRACTURE APPARATUSFRACTURE EQUIPMENTORTHOPEDIC BRACESSPLINTSBONE INSTRUMENTS•ZIMMER MFG. CO.WARSAW, IND.GROCERIES¦LEJGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: Hyde Park 9100-1-2QUALITY FOODSTUFFSMODERATE PRICESWE DELIVERHANDWRITING EXPERTVERNON FAXONEXAMINER OF QUESTIONEDDOCUMENTS(Handwriting Expert)134 TelephoneN. La Salle St. Central 1050HEATINGPHILLIPS, GETSGHOW GO.ENGINEERS & CONTRACTORSHeating, Ventilating, Power,Air Conditioning32W. Hubbard Si TelephoneSuperior 6116HOTELBLACKSTONEHALLanExclusive Women's Hotelin theUniversity of Chicago DistrictOffering Qraceful Living to Uni^versity and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALL5748 TelephoneBlackstone Ave. Plaza 3313Verna P. Werner, DirectorLAUNDRIESMorgan Laundry Service, Inc.2330 Prairie Ave.Phone Calumet 7424Dormitory Service William B. Hart is now in Paris,France, studying at the Sorbonne.Sarah Hicks is now employed in theoffice of the Chemical Laboratory ofSwift and Company.Doris Hunter is in the PathologyLaboratory of St. Luke's Hospital, Chicago.William E. Martin, PhD, has accepted a position with the Departmentof Horticulture at the University ofArizona. He reports that the Chicagocolony at Tucson is in a thriving condition.Ethel L. Spilberg is now with theCedars of Lebanon Hospital, 4833Fountain Avenue, Los Angeles, Calif.Kathryn Staley, PhD, has beenteaching in the Harris Schools, Chicago. She has just gone to the Southwestern State Teachers' College,Weatherford, Oklahoma, for the secondsemester of the current year.John A. Vieg, PhD, of Iowa StateCollege, is assistant professor of government.RUSHPlans for the Rush Alumni GraduateAssembly Take FormTwo interesting days, June 6th and7th, have been set aside by the facultyof Rush for the edification and entertainment of its alumni.From 9 to 11 A. M.The Medical and Pediatric Departments will discuss informally duringward rounds with patient demonstrations such subjects as protamin insulin,nephrosis, the original Sippy management of ulcer, immunity in infectiousdiseases, specific serum treatment ofpneumonia, modern incubators for premature infants, etc.The General Surgical, Neurosurgical, Urological, Orthopedic, andGynecological Departments will demonstrate in the operating rooms operativeprocedures with such refinements ashave been added during recent years.From 11 A. M. to 1 P. M.Fifteen minute talks will be givenconcerning new and debated topics, experimental and clinical work done bythe Rush faculty.From 2 to A P. M.The afternoon sessions will be givenover to the Departments of Eye, Ear,Nose and Throat and Skin.The Rush Alumni dinner will be heldat the Drake Hotel on the evening ofJune 7th.1896M. R. Miley, MD, physician andsurgeon, has twice been mayor ofBeecher, Illinois, and for over thirtyyears has served as on the Board of Directors of the Beecher Public Schools.1902John A. Graham, MD, located at 6North Michigan Boulevard, is chiefsurgeon of the Henrotin Hospital, attending surgeon of the Children's Memorial Hospital, and on the surgicalstaff of the Illinois Central Railroad.He is president of the North SideBranch of the Chicago Medical Society. AGAZINELAUNPRIES-ContinuedSUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 51 10THEBEST LAUNDRY andCLEANING COMPANYALL LAUNDRY SERVICESAlsoZoric System of Cleaning- : - Odorless Quality Cleaning - : -Phone Oakland 1383 LETTER SERVICEPOND LETTER SERVICEEverything in LettersHooven Typewriting MimeographingMultigraphing AddressingAddressograph Service MailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAl! Phones 418 So. Market Si.Harrison 8118 Chicago LITHOGRAPHERL C. Mead '21. E. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph— Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 8182MARBLEHENRY MARBLE COMPANYCONTRACTORS and FINISHERSofIMPORTED and DOMESTIC MARBL€S3208 Shields Ave., Chicago, IllinoisTelephones [^gtory 1.96MASONRY REPAIRSI. ECKM ANTuck Pointing and BuildingCleaningWindow Calking7452 Cottage Grove Ave.Phone Vincennes 6513MATTRESSESSOHN & COMPANY, Inc.Manufacturers ofMATTRESSES &STUDIO COUCHES1452 TelephoneW. Roosevelt Rd. Haymarket 3523 2930 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMUSIC ENGRAVERSHIGHEST RATED IN UNITED STATESENGRAVERS SINCE 1906 + WORK DONE BY ALL PROCESSES ++ ESTIMATES GLADLY FURNISHED +? ANY PUBLISHER OUR REFERENCE +^RAYNERi:' DALHEIM &CO. J2Q5A W. LAKE ST., CHICAGO.PAINTERSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzie 3 1 86E. STEWART FEIGHINC.PAINTING — DECORATING5559 TelephoneCottage Grove Ave. Midway 4404RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING & DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMonroe 3192PHOTOGRAPHERMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMN!PLASTERINGSMITHSONPLASTERING COMPANYLathing and PlasteringContractors53 W.Jackson Blvd. TelephoneWabash 8428 1903Hugh McKenna, MD, who has hissurgical offices at 700 North MichiganAvenue, Chicago, is chief surgeon atSt. Joseph's Hospital.1918Jose M. Carino, '17, MD, practicesmedicine in Bagino, P. I. He has threechildren, two boys and one girl. Hisoldest boy, Jose, Jr., who graduated inMarch from high school, at the age of14, may come abroad to study.R. L. Sensenich, MD, South Bend(Ind.) physician, is a trustee of theAmerican Medical Association and in ;1936 was president of the Indiana StateMedical Association. He holds membership in several special medical societies and office in both local and statesocial service organizations.1921P. B. Faus, MD, of 395 YoungHotel, Honolulu, Hawaii, is practicingmedicine and surgery and is the Cityand County Physician of Honolulu.1930Roy Kegerreis, MD, has recentlyopened an x-ray and diagnostic laboratory in Elmhurst, Illinois.Rosco E. Petrone, '26, MD, is working in neuropsychiatry in the Veterans' Administration at AmericanLake, Washington. Home movies arehis hobby.1937Karl Friedman, MD, is interning atthe Los Angeles County Hospital.SOCIAL SERVICEA very successful banquet arrangedby the officers and Executive Committee of the Social Service Club was enjoyed by more than 400 students andfaculty at Hutchinson Commons onMarch third. All of the. guests weregiven the privilege of sitting with fellow students and faculty members fromtheir own states. A special program of"skits" and songs entertained the group.Harrison A. Dobbs, Associate Professor of Social Service, has recentlyspoken at the Nebraska State Conference. Grace Browning, AM'34, Assistant Professor of Social Service, hadcharge of an Institute on "Rural Trendsin Social Work" at the Louisiana StateConference in March.Another paper-bound volume, TheTreatment of the Misdemeanant in Indiana, 1816-1936, by Helen Wilson,AM'37, has been added to the new seriesof planographed Social Service Monographs.Among the students who received theA. M. degree in Social Service Administration at the March 1938 Convocationwho have taken positions in Child Welfare are the following: Earl P. Johnson and Joan E. Kain, Child WelfareServices, State Relief Committee ofOregon ; and Foster L. Lee, Children'sVillage, Dobbs Ferry, New York.The following students have taken positions in Medical Social Work: Sophia Belle Clark, Medical Social WorkerEvanston Hospital, Evanston, Illinois'and Mary G. O'Connell, Social Serv-ice Department, St. Vincent's HospitalNew York City.Students taking positions in state departments of public welfare include:Anne Council, Director of In-Service Training, Arkansas State Department of Child Welfare; Marjorie TPenn, State Department of Social Security, Olympia, Washington ; DeborahB. Pentz, Department of Public Welfare, Juneau, Alaska; and Fredric R.Veeder, State Department of PublicWelfare, Helena, Montana.Miriam Halpern, Rebecca T. Med-way and Charles Rovin have takenpositions in the Chicago Relief Administration. Sidney Seltzer has taken aposition in the Jewish Social ServiceBureau, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Lucille Alpert, AM'37, has taken aposition as Case Worker in the JewishOrphans' Home at Vista Del Mar, Cali-ifornia.Rebecca Lane Bott, AM'37, hastaken a position at the Milwaukee Mental Hygiene Clinic.Frank Glick, AM'30, who has beenteaching Rural Public Welfare in theSchool of Social Service, has been givenleave of absence for three months forspecial work with the Social SecurityBoard, Washington, D. C.Grace Abbott, Professor of PublicWelfare Administration in the Schoolof Social Service, was one of the speakers at the meetings held in Washingtonduring March in celebration of thetwenty-fifth anniversary of the establishment of the United States Department of Labor.Ronald C. Davison of the London.School of Economics and the BritishMinistry of Labour, who so successfullygave a course in Social Insurance inthe School during the Autumn Quarterof 1935, is again coming over as a guestlecturer and will give a course called"British Social Services" in the SpringQuarter. Mr. Davison is the author ofa new book on British UnemploymentPolicy.Fern- Lowry of the staff of the NewYork School of Social Work will be aguest lecturer during the Spring. Quarter giving two sections of a course inDifferential Methods in Case Work.Winthrop D. Lane, Director of Investigations, Juvenile Delinquency Commission of the State of New Jersey,gave a series of lectures at the Schoolon "Prison Administration with Reference to the Selection of Parolees andthe Treatment of the Parolee," and"Some Problems in Juvenile Court Organization and Procedure."Word of the death of Nora Edmonds,a graduate of the School of Civics andPhilanthropy, has been received withdeep regret. Miss Edmonds was formany years superintendent of the SarahHackett Stevenson Memorial Home.THE UNIVERSITY OE CIIICAGO MAGAZINE 31PLUMBINGA. J. F. LOWE & SON1217 East 55th StreetPlumbing and Heating ContractorRadio and Electrical ShopsDay Phone MIDway 0782PRESCRIPTIONSEDWARD MERZ L. BRECKWOLDTSARGENTS DRUG STOREDevoted to serving the Medical Profession and Filling PrescriptionsOver 85 Years23 N. WABASH AVE.TelephonesFor General Use Dearborn 4022-4023Incoming Only Central 0755-0759PUBLISHERSBOOK MANUSCRIPTSWanted — All subjects, for immediate publication. Booklet sent free.Meador Publishing Co.324 Newbury St., Boston, llaaa.REAL ESTATEBROKERAGE MORTGAGESTHEBILLS CORPORATIONBenjamin F. Bills, '12, ChairmanEVERYTHING IN REAL ESTATE134 S. La Salle St. State 0266MANAGEMENT INSURANCEREFRIGERATIONPhones Lincoln 0002-3 EstablishedD. A. MATOTManufacturer ofREFRIGERATORSDUMB WAITERS1538-46 MONTANA STREETRESTAURANTSMISS UNDQUIST'S CAFE5540 Hyde Park Blvd.GOOD FOOD— MODERATE PRICESA place to meet in large and small groups.Private card rooms.Telephone Midway 7809in the Broadview HotelThe Best Place to Eat on the South Side\f.*r.i'Vi.-m*.'ii> )ketp±COLONIAL RESTAURANT6324 Woodlawn Ave.Phone Hyde Park 6324 SOUTH SIDEMEDICALThe date for this year's reunion hasbeen tentatively set for Friday, June 3.There will be. as in former years, scientific papers presented by the clinical staffin the morning, and reports of researchby alumni in the afternoon. Opportunity may be offered for the alumni wishing to do so to make rounds with thevarious members of the clinical staff onThursday.Will you please send news of yourselfto your class reporter? Will you also letus know whether you can come to thisyear's Reunion and whether you wishto report some of your work at theafternoon meetings ?Reporters of South SideMedical Alumni1929— Sylvia 11. Bensley1930— William B. Steen1931 n'ormaxd l. hoerr1932 — John' Prohaska1933— Gail M. Dack1934 — Samuel W. Banks1935 — Lent C. Johnson1936 — Carter Goodpasture1937 — Ai.f T. Haerem1938 — John Church1931Dr. Ray Baer, 1717 Virginia Park,Detroit, Michigan, was seriously insulted by your reporter. Tt is said thathe has a nice practice in Detroit butwe cannot confirm this because he refuses to answer your reporter's letters.Dr. William B. Steen has fully recovered from his slight illness of lastyear and is now very busy as physicianto the Desert Sanitorium of South Arizona at Tucson.1932Dr. Georce Stuppy is specializing inallergy in this city.We learn from reliable sources thatDr. Grace L. Robey is still able to payher rent in the Medical Arts Buildingat Houston, Texas. She has been specializing in heart diseases and now hasa heart service at the Jefferson DavisHospital.Dr. John Mills, after spending threeyears at the Mayo Clinic, has gone tothe University of Maryland to correlatethe laboratory and clinical work in bacteriology. He is the proud father of aboy or girl.Dr. Adelaide McFayden Johnson,after spending several years withAdolph Meyer in Baltimore, has returned to Chicago and is spending mostof her time at the Institute for JuvenileResearch, but plans to develop a privatepractice shortly.Dr. Egbert Fell is the father of a8 pound boy born February 27th.1933Dr. Donald Creel, it is reported byDr. Stuppy ('32) who recently visitedCreel, has an excellent practice at Angola, Indiana. I fe is engaged in general practice but is beginning to special- ROOFERSBECKERAll types of RoofingHome InsulatingAll over Chicago and suburbs.Brunswick 2900RE-ROOFING — REPAIRINGMl. FAirfax3206ROOFINGGilliland6644 COHASE SHOVE AvTINSULATINGRUGSAshjian Bros., inc.ESTABLISHED 1921Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED2313 E. 71st St. Phone Dor. 0009SHEET METAL WORKSECONOMY SHEET METAL WORKS•Galvanized Iron and Copper CornicesSkylights, Gutters, Down SpoutsTile, Slate and Asbestos Roofing•1927 MELROSE STREETBuckingham 1893SURGICAL SUPPORTSBRIDGE CORSETSSURGICAlTsUPPORTSBERTHA BRIDGE. DESIGNER926 Marshal! Field AnnexE. Washington St. TelephoneDearborn 3434TEACHERS' AGENCIESAlbert Teachers1 Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 18S5. Placement Bureau formen and women in all kinds of teachingpositions. Large and alert College andState Teachers' College departments forDoctors and Masters; forty per cent of ourbusiness. Critic and Grade Supervisors forNormal Schools placed every year in largenumbers; excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics, Business Administration, Music, and Art, secure finepositions through us every year. PrivateSchools in all parts of the country amongour best patrons; good salaries. Well prepared High School teachers wanted for cityand suburban High Schools. Special manager handles Grade and Critic work. Sendfor folder today.32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETEACHERS' AGENCIES (Cont.)AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. Jackson BoulevardChicagoA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college field.It Is affiliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist In the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.Paul Yatesjf ates-Fisher Teachers' AgencjTEstablished 1906616 South Michigan Ave., ChicagoHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD.Telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, III.Member National Associationof Teachers AgenciesWe Enjoy a Very Fine High School, Normal School,College and University PatronageUNIFORMSTailored Uniforms Made to MeasureWomen Doctors and Nurses, Stock sizeInterne SuitsANED.A McSWEENY1910 So. Ogden AvenueSEEley 3734 Evenings by AppointmentUPHOLSTERINGANDERSON & EKSTROMUPHOLSTERERS — DECORATORSREFINISHING — REMODELINGMATTRESSES— SHADES— DRAPERIESFurniture made to your order1040 E. 47th St. Oakland 4433Established over 40 yearsVENTILATINGThe Haines CompanyVentilating and Air ConditioningContractors1929-1937 West Lake St.Phones Seeley 2765-2766-2767X-RAY SUPPLIESX-RAY SUPPLIES& Accessories"At Your Service"Tel. Seeley 2550-51Geo. W. Brady & Co.809 So. Western Ave. ize in X-ray, having purchased somenew X-ray equipment. He also has hisown airplane and we hope that he willfind time to fly to Chicago for the Reunion.1934Dr. John Glynn has left the Department of Bacteriology at McGillUniversity and is doing work in bacteriology for Armour and Company inthis city.Dr. Winston Tucker has recentlybeen appointed Municipal Health Officer at Evanston.We wish to express the heart-feltsympathy of all the alumni for Dr.Robert Woodbury, now in the Department of Physiology at the Universityof Georgia, Augusta, whose baby girldied at the age of six days.Dr. Herman Harms, now practicing in Holland, Michigan, is the fatherof a bouncing boy which Harms delivered himself. It seems the boybounced into the world more rapidlythan expected and the obstetrician hadnot arrived.1936Dr. Lucia Dunham is the motherof a boy, born March 5th. They arestill at Lying-in Hospital but are going home in a few days, and the boy'sapplication for entrance to the SouthSide is assured.1937Dr. C. W. Vermeulen is to be aresident in Billings with Dr. Dragstedtthis coming year.Dr. M. T. van den Bosch, now interning at Billings, has accepted a residency in the Denver Municipal Hospital.Drs. John Ransmeier and FrankPetkevich are both going to BarnesHospital in St. Louis July 1st.Dr. Edmund Uhry, now interningin Surgery at Billings, will intern inMedicine this coming year.Dr. David Bodian is leaving forAnn Arbor on April 1st to spend ayear with Dr. Elizabeth Crosby as National Research Council Fellow inNeurology.BORNTo Van Meter Ames, '19, PhD'24,and Mrs. Ames (Betty Breneman,Vassar '29), a son, Sanford Scribner,March 1, 1938, Cincinnati, Ohio.To Richard Jack Demeree, '24, andMrs. Demeree, a son, Richard Jack, Jr.,January 28, 1938, Chicago.To Maurice H. Kamm, '25, JD'27,and Mrs. Kamm, a son, January 4, 1938,Chicago.To Rosco E. Petrone, '26, MD'30,and Mrs. Petrone, a son, Gerard Stephen, January 30, 1938, American Lake,Washington.To Bingham Dai, AM'32, PhD'37,and Mrs. Dai, of Peiping MedicalUnion College, a daughter, December28, 1937.To Edward Y. Hartshorne, PhD'38,and Mrs. Hartshorne, a son, Robert Cope, March 15, 1938, (ConvocationDay).EN GAGEDJames P. Dunn, LLB'34, to Virginia Doran of Rockford, 111.Gordon Moffett, '29, JD'30, ofNaperville, Illinois, to Jane Coffey ofWheaton, Illinois. The date of the wedding has not been set.MARRIEDCharles McNeil, '25, to GertrudeSferra, December 22, 1937. At home,1400 Sedgewick, Chicago.Estelle Hintz, '30, to GeorgeFaris, '32, on December 22, in Thorndike Hilton Chapel ; at home, 5616 Kenwood Avenue, Chicago.Eleanor Bauer, '34, to Paul GuiaRusso, February 12, Thorndike HiltonChapel ; at home, 5704 Kenwood Avenue, Chicago.Barbara M. Cook, '35, to James H.Dunbar, Jr., February 25, ThorndikeHilton Chapel.Rose Edelson, '36, to Caspar S. Robbins, on February 27, 1938. After ahoneymoon in Florida they will probably reside in Hyde Park.Claudia Knight, '37, to Oscar Orneas, '33, January 15, Thorndike Hilton Chapel. At home, 4430 WolcottAvenue, Chicago.Azalea Wiggins, '37, to WilliamFranklin Krahl, January 29, ThorndikeHilton Chapel. At home, 7001 CrandonAvenue, Chicago.DIEDArthur James Oliver, MD'96, diedFebruary 19, 1938. He practiced medicine and surgery in Muscatine, Iowa,for the past 42 years.Willoughby G. Walling, '99, diedFebruary 23, 1938, in Chicago. He wasPresident of the Personal Loan andSavings Bank of Chicago and Directorof the Continental Illinois NationalBank and Trust Company.Reinhardt Thiessen, PhD'07, formany years a research chemist of theUnited States Bureau of Mines, died atPittsburgh on January 30.Harry B. Fuller, '09, MD'13, a lifelong resident of Chicago and a staffmember of the Chicago Eye, Ear, Noseand Throat Hospital, died February 4,1938.Granville H. Twining, MD'10,physician, passed away February 4,1938, after an illness of several monthsat his home in Mobridge, South Dakota.Edward Porter Davis, AM' 11,PhD'23, Dean of the College of LiberalArts at Howard University, died February 13, after a two months illness.Marion I. Wilkins (Mrs. Oscar G.Wahlgren) ex '03, died in her home at8211 Dorchester Avenue, Chicago, onWednesday, March 16, 1938, of cerebral hemorrhage.Russell Edward Schoeps, '34, of7735 Essex Avenuue, Chicago, diedMarch 6, 1938.Dorothy May Paschall, PhD'35,died February 1, 1938, at Dallas, Texas.She was instructor in Latin at TexasState College for Women, Denton,Texas.COLLEGE ASSOCIATION NOMINATIONSElections for offices in the College Alumni Association will be held in May, by a Magazineballot. Results will be announced in the June magazine. Additional nominations may bemade by petition, signed by twenty-five members of the College Association, in good standing; such petition must be sent to the Alumni Council Office by April 22. Following are thenominations made by the Nominating Committee of the College Association.For PresidentMilton E. Robinson, Jr., "II. JD " 13John Nuveen, Jr., '19 For Second Vice-PresidentDavie Hendricks Essington, '08Phyllis Fay Horton, "15For Executive CommitteeMarian Mortimer Blend, '16Frank S. Whiting, '16Delegates to the Alumni CouncilHuntington Henry, '06 Frank J. Madden, '20, JD '22Katherine Slaught, "09 Damaris K. Ames, '22Milton E. Robinson, Jr., 'I-I, JD ' 1 3 Helen Condron McGuire, '22J. Craig Redmon, '16 Robert T. McKinlay, '29, JD '32Agnes A. Sharp, "16. AM '30 Ruth Abells, '32, AM '35John Nuveen, Jr., *I9 Keith I. Parsons, '33, JD '37In this new wrapperthe plaid design isblue. yi»^ This Easter, an Extra -Extra SpecialTHE SAME FAMOUSSwift's Premium Flavor!Neiv Spring-Chicken Tenderness!Cooks faster, tool Your family will be thrilled this Easter when you serve Swift'sPremium Ham. What a taste treat it will be! And the new perfection of tenderness will be a delight indeed! You'll be mighty pleased with the quicker, easierway you cook it, too. No parboiling, of course, and now you only bake Swift'sPremium for 15 to 22 minutes per pound, depending on the size, uncovered, in aslow oven (325° F).\J YCL&V MJj (XT iy I Thousands will be ordering this treat of treats forEaster — marvelous tasting Swift's Premium Ham now tender as spring chicken.Don't risk disappointment. Get your order in to-day.Swift's Premium Ham.Remember, the Meat Makes the Meal!for MOREPLEASURE^*& TLnto&OataJJ,*to more smo&ingpleasure . . .C hesterf ield's refreshing mildness . .good taste . . . and appetizing aromaCopyright 1933, Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co. . . minions