UNIVERSITYCHICAGO MAGAZINEN UAN ADVERTISEMENT OE THE WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY • PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIAxi .Any boyCAN MAKEa motor '**fimi *Fitting them to the world's work is a man-size jobFOR a thing so important tomodern life, an electric motor isan amazingly simple device. Just afew pieces of steel and iron, woundwith coils of wire. Any bright boycan follow instructions and makeone that will run.Yet the most romantic story evertold could be written about theelectric motor. It runs practicallyevery mechanical device in use today. It turns the wheels of industry — carries people to work from thesuburbs to the topmost floors oftall buildings. The daily lives —even the livelihood — of most ofus depend in some way upon it.The job of fitting electric motorsto the world's work is an exactingone. What makes it complicated isthat every task, to be done efficiently, requires a certain kind of motor.Westinghouse, for example, offersover 20,000 different types, sizesWestinghouse?ume and ratings. If none of these is exactly what is needed, a specialmodel will be built to order.The electric motor is "bread andbutter" to Westinghouse — and tojust about everyone else. Fully conscious of its responsibility, Westinghouse research continues eachyear to seek improvement in motordesign — so that the world's workmay be done better, faster, and atless cost.£^!THE UNIVERSITYCHICAGO MAGAZPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCILCharlton T. Beck, '04 Howard P. Hudson, '35Editor and Business Manager Associate EditorFred B. Millett, PhD '31; William V. Morgenstern, '20, JD '22; Paul MacleanContributing EditorsMilton E. Robinson, Jr., 11, JD '13; Dan H. Brown, '16; Ruth Stagg Lauren, '25 OFNECouncil Committee on PublicationsN THIS ISSUETHE COVER: A scene on the University. Their viewpoint has appreciate learning just how ourMidway during a recent snow, been exceedingly well presented by readers line up.photographed by Edward My- T. S. Miller of the class of 1909 whoers, an undergraduate. is in a position to know what many 9alumni have in mind about the Uni-» versity. After we received permis- A distinguished pioneer and recog-sion from Mr. Miller to publish his nized authority in the field of SocialWhen the Round Table of the Uni- remarks, there came an article from > Service is Sophonisba P. Breckin-versity, undoubtedly the leading edu- Charles Tyroler, a graduate of the ridge, Samuel Deutsch Professorcational radio program in existence, first class under the.Chicago plan, giv- * Emeritus of Public Welfare Admin-was awarded Radio Guide's Medal of ing a different view on much the same istration. In one. of the SundayMerit, it seemed appropriate to re- subject. So, although the two arti- morning talks in Rockefeller Me-acquaint you with this remarkable cles are not a debate between these mor{al Chapel she discussed the So-broadcast. We print in full, then, a alumni, we are running them together dal Security Act and so many peo-recent transcription of one of the in tn*s *ssue. because of the two di- pje called it to our attention that wemore popular discussions. This is vergent opinions they reveal. We'd decided to reprint it for you.the conversation exactly as presentedto the coast to coast audience. No •, 9script is used. The participants speakfrom an outline which they discussed JANUARY, 1938 Don't forget the Magazine's manu-at an earlier meeting. Usually a rec- TABL£ QF C0N|TENTS Cript contest as announced in theord is made of the broadcast, and, as Page Alumni Bulletin. The first prize ism this case, sometimes a stenogra- Letters 2 fifty dollars arid there are four otherpher makes a complete transcription. The New Liberalism. A Round Ta- awards> Remember the deadline isThe New Liberalism which we print BLE Broadcast, Harry D. Gideonse, February 1was in great demand by senators and Jerome Kerwin, T. V. Smith 5congressmen. But then, it is a The Campus Dissenter, Herbert •strange Monday morning in Con- (Bud) Larson 10gress when the University Round Ta- Is the University a Good Place for Howard Mort does double dutyble is not referred to on the floor Alumni Children? T. S. Miller^ this month. Besides his regular Quadof the House or Senate. Charles Tyroler, 2nd . . 12 Rambles, he reviews Leo Rosten'sSocial Security and Public Welfare, book, The Washington Correspon-q Sophonisba P. Breckinridge 15 dents.News of the Quadrangles, William £Wherever two or more alumni ^Morgenstern 18gather they talk about the Chicago In My 0pinion> Fred B- Millet 20 You sport fans will find good newsplan, enrollment, Hutchins, the foot- QUAD Rambles, Howard W. Mort. ... 23 in Paul Maclean's column for he tellsball team, student life. And to many I-aw School Reunion 25 you about the winning basketballof them who graduated before the Athletics, Paul Maclean — 26 team on the Midway this year. Ex-Chicago plan was conceived, things News of the Classes.... :. 28 perts expect them to go far in theare not what they should be at the Books 40 Conference this season.Published by the Alumni Council of the University of Chicago monthly, from November to July. Office of Publication, 403 Cobb Hall 58th St. atWhs Avenue, Chicago. Annual subscription price $2:00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1 1934 at the Post Officeat Chicago, Illinois, under the act of March 3, 1879. The Graduate Group, Inc., 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the 'official advertising agencyot the University of Chicago Magazine.2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESCHOOLDIRECTORYNEW ENGLAND — BOYSHEBRON ACADEMYThorough college preparation for boys at moderatecost. 75 Hebron boys freshmen in college this year.For **T ifo at Hebron'* address Ralph L. Hunt»Box C, Hebron, Me.WILLISTON ACADEMYUnusual educational opportunities at modest cost.Over 150 graduates in 40 colleges. New recreational center, gym, pool. Separate Junior School.A. V. Galbraith, Box 3, Easthampton, Mass.MOSES BROWN SCHOOLHelp and inspiration for each boy a century-oldtradition. Excellent college record. Secluded 25-acrecampus. Pool. Lower School. Moderate tuition.L. R. Thomas, 293 Hope St., Providence, R. I.MIDDLE ATLANTIC — BOYSGEORGE SCHOOLA Friends' Coeducational Boarding School. Moderncurriculum. 85 graduates entered 41 colleges in 1937.Endowment. G. A. Walton, A.M., Principal, Box267, George School, Pa.FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL'ACADEMYA widely recognized, moderately priced preparatoryschool. Junior dept. E. M. Hartman, Pd.D., Box70, Lancaster, Pa.BLAIR ACADEMYExcellent preparation for college. Small classes.Cultivation of initiative and self-reliance. 65 milesfrom New York, Charles H. Breed, Box 20,Biairstown. N. J.PROFESSION A~AMERICAN ACADEMYOF DRAMATIC ARTSFounded in 1884 by Franklin H. Sargent. Thefirst and foremost institution for DramaticTraining in Acting, Directing, and Teaching,Winter Term Begins Jan. 17thFor Catalog address Secretary, Room 180.CARNEGIE HALL, NEW YORK LettersBOYS' CAMPTHE OLDEST CAMP IN THE WESTCAMP HIGHLANDSFOR BOYSSAYNER, WISCONSINThree Camps— 8-12: 13-14: 15-17Woodcraft, Athletic and Water Sports,Music, Photography, Scouting, Long CanoeTrips, Riding, Shooting, Shop, Nature Lore,Camping Trips, Unexcelled Equipment,Experienced Staff, Doctor-Nurse.WRITE THE DIRECTOR FOR CATALOGW. J. MONILAW, M. D.5712 Kenwood Ave., Chicago FOR ALLEN MEMORIALDear Milton Mayer:I don't believe any more than \ou doin the economic advantage of the system of taking in each other's washing,and I too had an article in the Magazine.But this T must say, that not for manyyears have I read a more skilful andmoving eulogy of an} man than yoursof Phil. I am prepared to prove thatit moved me. If Carl Beck wants todo anything about your proposal, andif any general or limited appeal forfunds is^made, I will give $100 to thefund; and that is a lot more than Ihave given to anybody for anythingfor many years.James Weber Linn, '97University of Chicago"P. S. ALLEN FELLOWS"I haven't been a very active correspondent of the University since mygraduation in 1926 largely because myduties as a private school master aresufficiently exacting to keep me busymost of the time. Boys for breakfast,lunch, and supper, not to mention theperiods in between and after, do not allow much leisure for recalling the past.Then again I am just a bit ashamed ofmyself.Phil Allen, himself a graduate of anEastern college, used to speak his mindrather forcefully on the general subjectof "snob" schools, so-called, and I ratherhesitated to reveal myself to him as atraitor, or a turn-back. You see, that'show much I thought of Phil Allen, andI was dubious of my ability to makehim see that boys to me were boys,whether in a private school, a publicschool, or on the street — though I likedthem best in a private school.But Phil, and he would have beenamused at this, has always dwelt withme in the Phoenix cartoon, TheodoreYung's, I believe, which catches Phil'smassive features, flanked on all sideswith sketches of Phil in characteristicpostures. For years this picture hasrested on my bookcase commented uponby boys, tall and short, fat and lean — inshort, boys who have passed in and outof my study for rewards, punishments,and, occasionally, enlightenment.I daresay there are few of us whosaw much of Phil Allen in those gener-HYDE PARK MOTOR SALES, INC.Service on all model5442 Lake Park Ave. Dorchester 2900ChryslerWe specialize in greasing the above cars for only 45 cents.DeSoto Dodge PlymouthCars ous, expansive days who don't reassureregrets for thoughtless, selfish actions.T regret, for instance, that I let himgive me a copy of The RomanesqueLyric, a subject I had no special feelingfor, yet a book which 1 felt, in a way,I had helped incubate, so much had Iheard of it. I should have bought it myself; now I would do so, knowing howmuch scholarship and imagination wentinto its creation.He used to say, "To the one we lovewe bring the things we love." and Ihave often wondered if that thought.fresh in mind, was the reason win Iproudly presented him with a bottle ofAntique whisky for Christmas in 1925.You remember — hi those days the manwho knew where he could get "the realstuff''' had no difficulty selecting Christmas gifts.One day Phil announced in class thatonly a few copies of the extra limitedBoyd Historia Calanutatum were left atWoodworth's and the early bird shouldrush off right after class to catch thisclassical worm. I rushed — and still ownit — unread. I wonder if anyone else hasever heard the story of Phil's pipe line.He was anticipating his retirement, poorman he never lived to enjoy it, to Fies-ole, Italy, where some friend owned apalace. Phil conjured up a magnificentpicture of long hours luxuriating inbed, refreshed from a pipe line throughwhich cool wine flowed to his mouth.Mr. Mayer is right. These storiesare part of an authentic Chicago legend; Chicago bred and nursed as genuine a "tall-story" artist as ever troda Mississippi river flatboat ! And hemeant the soul of a university to a greatmany of us who, like myself, had to useevery leisure minute to earn the wherewithal to remain in college.Now, I could go on this way recalling anecdotes, but I don't feel like itnow. This letter is written to subscribemy name as in favor of Mr. Mayer'sproposition, and to comment upon it.There exists at Harvard, as you mayknow, the Charles Townsend Copelandassociation, composed of former students of this great teacher. There is noneed yet to plan memorials, but the association does meet occasionally to refreshits experiences. It occurs to me thatsuch an association called, perhaps, the"P. S. Allen Fellows" be formed for thepurpose of perpetuating his memory insome way. Others will know what'sbest. I am writing this letter merely tosay that I wish to be included for $25.00for whatever plan seems best.Charles Morris, '26.Milton Academy,Milton, Massachusetts.ALLEN CLASSMATEThe personal tribute to the writer'sold friend, Phil Allen, in your December issue, penned by a member of theClass of '29, has stirred up many mem-THE UNIVERSIT Y O F C H I C A G O M»A. G A Z I N Eories in tlie mind of this Old AncientMariner of the Class ot" '96, who knewand yarned and played football anddrank" his beer with Phil, the great humanitarian, in the heyday of his athletic-prowess, some forty years ago.We never had the good fortune totake a course of Phil's in the class-room,but outside of these scholastic confines,jn various and sundry neighborhoodoases, we drank, deep of his instructiveand entertaining philosophies, personalexperiences and' romantic adventures,with the rapt thirst of eager youth. Inaddition to our kindred interest in athletics, books and the lust of life, we discovered that we had a mutually romantic interest in the town of F —, Minn.(where Phil had lived ere coming toChicago) and this interest, because ofthe exceptionally beautiful and charming lady involved, gave us a commonground for lengthy conversation so longas our thirst for the amber liquid andthe price remained to either of us.Phil was a royal raconteur, a greatfootball player and a gay companion inthose old days. He loved life with allthe spirit of vigorous youth and after;ill these years, he remains one of thewriter's most pleasant memories ofthose carefree college days.C. S. P. '96.Detroit, Michigan.ANOTHER CONTRIBUTIONMr. Milton S. Mayer:In the December, 1937, issue of theUniversity of Chicago Magazine Iglanced idly at a letter written anentPhil Allen. As I continued in my interested and amused perusal I found myselfwagging by head in agreement with theobservations of the unknown Taxpayerwho was writing his letter to the Editor. Even as I read I knew that thescribe was someone of my generation,and I could not help but feel very muchin rapport with his ideas and proposal.Cf course when you were identified atthe close of the letter I reproached myself for not immediately recognizing thestyle.The object, therefore, of this communication is to express again, as I didon another occasion some time ago, myappreciation of your particular knackof saying things, and to state that I toowould be pleased to make my modestcontribution in the event that the PhilAllen memorial project proves susceptible of delivery.Leo L. Stone, '27.Chicago.(If friends of Phil Allen wish tounite in some sort of memorial projectsuch as a scholarship, there is reasonable assurance that the University willbe willing to aid. The extent of thisaid must depend upon the determinationby the alumni of the type and magnitude of the memorial and on the organisation of a committee to make arrange ments. The Alumni Council as suchcannot assume the leadership, but willgladly give advice and cooperation. — •V.iCfIMPROVEMENTS. . . Your publication has taken on adifferent appearance since last 1 saw it.Congratulations on the splendid typographical and editorial improvementsyou have made. It is an interestinglooking book.Paul Tkktok.The Rotarian,Chicago, Illinois.LINN ADMIRERSWill you give me permission to mimeograph the article in the December issue of the alumni Magazine by Professor"Teddy" I. inn? 1 like this article verymuch and 1 should like to have it available in large numbers.Coyle E. Moore, PhD., '28.Mori da State College for Women,Tallahassee, Florida.* * *The December issue of the University of Chicago Magazine was quite interesting and particularly the article byJames Weber Linn. Do you happen tohave some reprints of this article? Ifso, I would be delighted to have abouttwo dozen to pass out to some of unfriends.John M. Meyer, Jr., '27.X'cw York City.* * *May 1 have an extra copy of theMagazine for December, or at least aclipping of Teddy Linn's article on"How Children Can Best Serve"?This article is so good I think it's ashame it cannot have wider circulation.P.\ur. Mooney, '24.Cincinnati, Ohio.Very seldom indeed have I seen a discourse on education so timely, so incisive, so outstandingly rational, so courageous as "How Children Can BestServe," published in the December number of the University of Chicago Magazine. No wonder that there were somany calls for it that it had to bepublished in the Magazine.It should be published in every educational magazine in America.C. K. Pickering, Rush '93.Muscoda, Wisconsin.$125.00 IN PRIZESfor articles to be used inTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOMAGAZINEDeadline Feb. I, 1938(See Alumni Bulletin for details.) 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Ienclose$l. _• In 7 days I will either pay $6.95 or return •• the lamp and receive my dollar back. OName-Address -College— Please write Mr.. Mrs., or Mil)*-Class-Copyright 1937 Health Ray Mfg. Co.. Inc., Deep River, Conn.The Gentlemen of the Round TableMessrs. Kerwin, Gideonse and Smith pick a corner of the Quadrangle Club to discuss at luncheontheir Sunday morning broadcast. They, as do other participants on these programs, meet in themiddle of the week to talk over the subject, then prepare an outline and perhaps a few notes. Oftena fourth person is present to aid in jotting down the topics covered. With this preparation theyare ready to step before the microphone for their discussion. The program was named after theround table in the Quadrangle Club where members debate a variety of subjects each luncheon.The table used for the broadcast is not round, but square, and may in the future be in the shapeof a pyramid.VOLUME XXX THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINE NUMBER 3JANUARY-, 1938THE NEW LIBERALISMA Round-Table Broadcast *PARTICIPANTSProfessor Harry D. GideonseDepartment of EconomicsProfessor Jerome KerwinDepartment of Political ScienceProfessor T. V. SmithDepartment of PhilosophyGideonse: Well, Jerry Kerwin, are you a liberal orare you not?Kerwin : You ask me that question — whether I ama liberal or not? I don't know whether I am a liberalaccording to your standards, but as far as the accidentalsof life are concerned, I guess I am a liberal. ,Gideonse: Accidentals of life — you are almost aphilosopher, Jerry.Kerwin : Perhaps T. V. can follow up on what hethinks accidentals are.Smith : I am very proudly a liberal, I know thatmuch.Gideonse : I don't know. I used to think I was, butwhen I look at the way some people use the term nowadays — for instance I heard a distinguished gentleman,who was a senator and is now on the way to being aJustice of the Supreme Court, call himself a liberal theother day, and that in spite of the fact that he once wasa member of the Ku Klux Klan, and 1 notice almostevery liberal paper in the country — the Nation, NewRepublic, and so on, seem to think this gentleman isreally a liberal. If the word "liberal" means that, I amnot sure that I am one.Kerwin : I take it, Harry, that you don't think verymuch of Mr. Justice Black's appointment.Gideonse : No, I don't think much of it. I thoughtlittle of it before the Ku Klux Klan matter came out,and I think less of it now.Kerwin : So far as the Ku Klux Klan is concerned,I suppose I, of all people, because of my personal views,should oppose Mr. Black. But it doesn't figure verylargely in my estimation of Mr. Black. I will admit Iwas a bit disappointed in the way he defended himselffrom the charge, but nevertheless Mr. Black was a member of the Klan some eleven or fifteen years ago. Mr.Black has a right to change his mind and to becomeeducated as anybody else has.*The verbatim transcript of a recent broadcast.only notes are used.) (Not the script, since Gideonse: Perhaps so, but I think when the word"liberal" has become so tenuous, so diluted that you canactually say of yourself, "I am a liberal senator," whenyou were a member of the Ku Klux Klan and, for all Iknow, you still are, then I think it is time to either clarifythe term or perhaps drop it altogether.Kerwin : I notice when you said "when you were amember of the Ku Klux Klan — "Gideonse: Yes, because on the issue of liberalism,Kerwin, I think a man may make a slip on a large number of things and still be a liberal, but a man cannotreally make a slip as a Jiberal in the direction of the KuKlux Klan. That shows that on fundamentals he ispretty open to misinterpretation of what you really meanby the word "liberal."Smith : I can't feel as complacent as Kerwin doesabout the matter of the Klan. I think it is high timethat somebody taught politicians that the easy way isnot always the best and that the hard way may be madeless hard by courage. But, on the other side, I do knowthat the opposition to Mr. Black is not primarily on thebasis of the Klan. The opposition is itself black ratherthan white. I think that his membership once is notlikely to affect his judicial decisions now. Justice Brandeis, you know, was "unjudicial in temper," was a laborlawyer and was fought to the bitter end when hisappointment came up. Now he is the saint — isn't he? —of those who are opposing Black, almost ?Kerwin: It is likely that Black will lean very farbackwards now to show his tolerance in the Court, don'tyou! think?Gideonse : That may be, but it remains the fact thaton fundamentals of a free society the man was able toslip badly enough to be a member of one of the mostintemperate and most dangerous influences in Americanlife in the last twenty years. I think he certainly got thehigh office he now wants to> hold by misrepresentation.He knew very well that had he said the day before thevote was taken in the Senate what he said over the airthe other night, he would not have gotten his confirmation. In other words, he got it by distinctly misleadingthe gentlemen who voted on him, and I think he shouldbe impeached for the sake of principle. I have nothingagainst the man personally.Smith : I feel as you do about the Klan, but I alsofeel as Kerwin does about the false use that has been56 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEmade of the issue to oppose Mr. Justice Black on groundsthat have nothing to do with the Klan. Let's use thematter for the purpose of illustrating what liberalismmeans.Gideonse : It illustrates magnificently just what sortof use now is being made of the term "liberalism." Ifyou look at Black's record, what did he stand for as asenator? He stood for bills typically like the ThirtyHour Bill, a bill which was supposed to improve thestandards of living of the American people by limitingthe number of working hours to thirty hours a week.Kerwin : Now you are getting down to the real issuehe had in mind when he spoke of himself as the senatorwith the liberal record.Gideonse: Undoubtedly, and that is what a largenumber of contemporaries mean when they say "liberal."Kerwin : That is why he is opposed in a great manyquarters, rather than because of the Ku Klux Klan, soif we could clear up that matter we would be getting atthe heart of the thing.Gideonse: Yes, he is also opposed by the conservatives. They do a great deal of talking about freedom ofenterprise. But certainly an old-fashioned liberal wouldnever call a bill that tries to improve the standards ofliving of the people by thirty-hour regulation of the timethey put in per week, liberal. He would say that kindof a bill would inevitably result in lower standards ofliving because it would diminish the total product turnedout by industry, and consequently it was a bill towardregulation, toward restoring the kind of society we hadbefore there was a liberal revolution in thinking, a billthat would restore the kind of society we had in feudaltimes, in medieval times and under mercantilism.Kerwin: What is this old-fashioned liberalism youare talking about, Harry? How may we recognize itwhen we see it?Gideonse: It is very difficult to define, just as it ishard to talk about new liberals right now. I think it ischaracterized, perhaps, by faith in having a social orderin which a large amount of independent income wouldexist. That is, the old liberal would restore to individuals as much independence of income and propertyowning as is possible in any society, because of a feelingthat the related kind of liberties, like, say, freedom ofthought, freedom of religion, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, all depend upon having enough economic independence to be able to risk doing things thatthe authorities, whatever they might be, will not like.Smith : That is a pretty flexible statement, don't youthink? "enough economic independence to be able torisk" things.Gideonse : Why ?Smith : It doesn't set a standard by any means.Gideonse : No, but it gives you an idea of the direction in which you should move, towards greater freedom,towards greater independence of central authority.Smith : Now, Gideonse, you know that new occasions teach new duties. What you call "new liberalism"means, I understand, a resort more and more to a col-lectivistic philosophy as over against what you think wasan individualistic philosophy. I had supposed that whenyou put it in that fashion — that the old liberalism defended private property and also the freedom of the market — you could recognize more than you seem to inreplying to Kerwin that freedom of the market meansanything and everything and that private property isone of the most flexible terms that ever has been used.Gideonse: That is all right, and when you say that,you are simply repeating the best of the old liberalism,for our whole notion of a flexible interpretation of privateproperty is a notion we owe to the liberals of the middleof the nineteenth century, to John Stuart Mill, for instance.Kerwin : That statement of Gideonse, that they madeproperty of things which never ought to be propertywe both agree on that. That was the old liberalism.Smith : But the changed situation to which I referred is such that in order for the majority of peopleto get access to property or even to the income fromproperty, something drastic has to be done.Gideonse: That is all right. You know, when thehouse is afire, something has to be done ; but you don'twant to pour gasoline on it.Smith : That is all true, but you aren't pouring gasoline on it by reducing the hours of labor or setting minimum wages for women, or eliminating child labor. Theseare mild, not reckless proposals.Gideonse: You are doing something very harmfulfor the interests of the underprivileged classes when youlimit the hours of labor in a thirty-hour bill. Let's lookat it for a moment in some detail. May I take a verysimple example?Suppose we have a country in which there are, let'ssay, only three workers, and these three workers areall working forty-five hours a week. In other words,there are 135 hours of work being done every week.Now, suppose there is a depression in that country, andone worker is laid off and there are only two workersworking forty-five hours a week, in other words, indepression times only ninety hours of product is turnedout.Along comes some latter-day liberal, one of theseBlack people, and says, "What we need to restore thestandards of the living of the people is a thirty-hour bill,everybody working only thirty hours. There are ninetyhours of work to go around; now all three will workthirty hours and that will solve the problem of unemployment."It does, in a fashion, solve the problem of idleness.But — and this is fundamental — it limits production tothree times thirty hours. In other words, it freezes production at the depression level.Smith : But speaking of changed situations, supposein the meantime that machines have been invented sothat the two of them can turn out more with the newhours than the three of them could with the old. Whatthen?Gideonse: If that should be the case, T. V., thenwithout any question you could have the same incomefor the thirty hours ; but that was not the case in depression times. The total productivity of American industryincreased at best about three per cent a year, not anything like a curtailment from forty-five hours to thirtyhours would seem to warrant.Kerwin : Maybe we are condemning this new liberalism on the basis of one specific measure from whichTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 7there may be considerable divergence of opinion. But Ifeel that this old liberalism of which you talk had something else as its basis besides these rights of private property and freedom of enterprise. It had what were knownas natural rights behind it, rights which, of course, havean older history than the old liberalism, even. I thinkthat if there is one fault in the new liberalism it has overthrown the natural rights and has uniformly adoptedsocial rights which may be overthrown by mere majorities.Gideonse : Precisely. That gets me back to a favorite point of mine, Kerwin, that there is a big differencebetween a free society and a democratic society. In afree society, after all, perhaps you can measure the freedom by the protection that is accorded to minorities,^hereas in a democratic society the protection of minorities is something of an after-thought, if anybody thinksof ^it at all.S^mith : But after all liberalism must mean whatevercan'' be arrived at liberally, and while we all believestrongly in the rights of minorities, we believe in theright 3 of majorities too, don't we?G-oeonse: That may be, but the essence of a freesociety is precisely that you do retain certain rights, nomatter what the majority may think or want done.SMVgirr Exactly, but property rights are not amongthem^ias Jefferson made very clear. He was an oldliber af 7 caa^|pr ding to your views, as John Stuart Millwas. jyilrson said very clearly that property rightsare civil rights, not natural rights. He kept the phraseout of the Declaration of Independence when it ought tohave gone in-^life, liberty and property. He said life,liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. He made it veryclear, indeed, that when circumstances have changed sothat the majority of the people don't get access either toproperty ownership or to income from property thenit is time in the name of liberalism itself, as well asof democracy, to change the definition of property. Property is, after all, a very flexible thing.Gideonse: No one questioned its flexibility, T. V.As I pointed out a moment ago, the very notion of aflexibility of property rights is an old liberal contribution. That thought was first expressed by the old liberals, and consequently you can't use that against theold liberal position. It is its contribution, but it insistsjust the same that you cannot have the other aspects ofa free society, freedom of thought, freedom in science,freedom in learning, freedom in politics, freedom inreligion, until you have sufficient ability to be economically independent of the people who might interfere withyour other freedom.Kerwin : But in trying to be economically independent the leaders in the older society did forget thesenatural rights. That's the difficulty. You have therights of a great many humanitarians in society that attempt to> ease the conditions of the people under therigorous application of economic law.Gideonse : Of course, I would again say to you there,Kerwin, that these humanitarians were only possible,only able to stand for the humanitarian program, becausein a system of freedom of enterprise their income wasindependent of the authorities they were criticizing. Ina society in which everything had been controlled cen- Medal of MeritAWARDED TO THE UNIVERSITYOF CHICAGO ROUND TABLE(From Radio Guide, December 11, 1937)FEW programs have built so big or so devoteda following as the seven-year-old series whichis known everywhere as the University of Chicago Round Table.During its earliest days, the Round Table washeard only in Chicago over Station WMAQ. Itspremiere as a network show came on October 15,1933. Since that date, it has humanized bothaustere professors and knotty problems for thebenefit of a vast audience spreading from Coastto Coast.How an educational program may be alsoentertaining has long been a broadcasting riddle.When the Round Table was first planned, it wasdiscussed from the point of view of its entry intoa typical home. No crowd would be its audiencebut a man here, a woman there, a family groupelsewhere. How could they enjoy and how couldthey participate in discussion of those subjectson which long-haired professors are accustomedfo lecture? The answer was this formula whichhas been followed on the Sunday series eversince.On the program, the listener is a kibitzer. Subjects which are the news and consequently topmost in his mind are used. Three professors whoprove swiftly that they are no longer-haired thananybody's next-door neighbor toss their argumentsback and forth. When a question is forming ina listener's mind, just as he is wishing he couldshout it over the kilocycles, one of the broadcasters is certain to hurl it into the battle ofwords. Not accidentally, of course, but becausethis is a very definite and important part of theirtechnique of interesting an audience.Interesting problems arise in this series. Thereis the matter of voices. In broadcasting, differentcharacters should sound different. But when experts are summoned fo discuss Sino-Japaneseaffairs, for instance, two of them may soundexactly alike. So far as possible, such duplicationis avoided. How to broadcast without a writtenspeech is another problem. Many men feel thatthey should have their remarks written in advance.This broadcast convinces them that notes areenough. Certainly notes are enough for thelistener, for he hangs onto every word, knowingthat he is hearing men as they really think, notas they parrot in stilted fashion the words theyhave before them on printed pages.To those men who have helped produce andpresent the University of Chicago broadcasts,listeners everywhere must forever be grateful.Their discussions have done much to inform andenlighten. Because they have led the way formany years in bringing a greater understandingof the world about them to radio listeners, wepresent to them and the University of ChicagoRound Table our Radio Guide Medal of Merit.8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEtrally, their incomes would have been controlled centrally, and therefore their criticism of what the centralauthority was doing would have been very much outof place.Smith : You seem to agree, Gideonse, as I certainlydo, that these yardsticks that you speak of — private property and freedom of enterprise — are rubber standards ;but the real debate between us is that you insist upondamning things that even the Supreme Court has comeround to bless. I mean minimum wage legislation andshortened hours, and such things as that. You say, asJohn Stuart Mill would not have said, as Thomas Jefferson did not say, you say that espousal of such humanemeasures brands one somehow as having gone astrayfrom the liberal path. You can't do that to us, Gideonse !Gideonse: I know, you are very keen on keepingthat word "liberal" because it means so many goodthings and it is typical of the wishful thinking of thisgeneration, that it wants to keep those things even ifit wants also things that make those things impossible.Smith : I don't give a penny for that or any word;it is the substance that we all are talking of here. I aminterested in a type of political economy — in both economics and politics, in which the majority of peoplehave some access to a fair standard of living. Whenyou get a system — -call it liberalism or what not — thatreaches the point where the majority of the people feelthat they are being deprived of their share of the nationalincome — which is exactly our changed situation — thenyou will either change the system — as the term "newliberalism" suggests or you will hug pretty words andfind ugly facts in your arms.Kerwin : In other words, too, there comes a pointwhen the function of the state is to intervene in behalfof those people who are the less privileged in society;isn't that true?Gideonse: Yes, that is all right; but my point isprecisely that usually, when you interfere that way, youget involved in procedures that actually hurt those underprivileged groups, such as minimum wage laws, for instance, make people unemployed at a minimum wagethat the law may fix. The law, however, can never fixthe number and kind of people hired at that wage. Whenthe wage is increased by law, it doesn't follow that themarket will allow the employer to pay this wage, or payit to the same workers that formerly got less — particularly not to the people who were the under-privilegedgroups that you were thinking of when you put throughthe law, and that holds for thirty-hour bills. Peoplethink everybody ought to work thirty hours. The result may very well be lower standards of living, becauseof diminished productivity. There will be less to divideamong all people.I would be the first to grant you, without any question at all, that the criterion of a good society is asociety in which more and more gets done for the underprivileged groups. The argument is not about that objective. The old liberalism gave you that idea. That'swhere you got it. Adam Smith was not interested inthe wealth of the capitalist; in fact, was very critical ofcapitalism. He was interested in the wealth of the nationas a whole, and y6u will find him constantly taking the side of the workers in the Wealth of Nations. A lot ofpeople have forgotten that, but it's so.Smith : You don't mean that the old liberalism gaveus a rising standard of living; you mean that God gaveit to us at a time when the world was not filled and wasnot exploited. Adam Smith knew as much, too, because he thought that by laying off and not having government undertake the task of spreading the standardof living, that somehow an invisible hand would takecare of it. But when God ceases to take care, whatthen?Gideonse : I don't know, T. V., just what you mean fby that word "God." I know that the old Scotchman!Adam Smith didn't think the wealth of nations was del-pendent upon Divinity unless the Divinity guided ini-telligent Scotchmen, and what an intelligent Scotchmanwanted was to free enterprise from governmental regulations so that men could again be free to pursue new ide^is,new inventions and pursue commerce without any interference of governments and guilds and towns ;andsubsidy schemes and export premiums, and all thoseother things that he found in the world.Smith : But, Gideonse, you seem to forget monopoly,which the older liberalism did not forget. Monopoly isnow the order of the day. You seem to think that somehow you can cure monopoly of the market, without amonopoly of political power. So long as you talk, likethat in a world where income already has become insecure, or absent, you simply are elevating inertia to aprinciple of public policy in spite of the deference youseem to do to hopeful change.Kerwin : Perhaps by your position here you arepreventing, let us say, worthy experimentation on whatmight be done in the future for these groups that areeconomically insecure.Gideonse: I don't see any worthy experimentation;I see nothing but old ideas that have been tried againand again and have failed every time they were tried.And if you say that I stand for inertia and at the sametime say that the world is full of monopoly, which oldliberals disapproved of, it seems to me that perhaps theword "inertia" is used in a very peculiar sense, becauseno old liberal approves of monopoly. As a matter offact, the essence of the old liberal faith was to use thestate to smash all privilege wherever it might be organized as a monopoly. An old liberal would say if theworld is full of monopoly the state has a very real andactive function, not a function of inertia, but of goingafter the monopoly and smashing it and restoring freedom and free competitive forces.Smith : You know as well as I, Kerwin — thoughGideonse nod — that when we have undertaken throughgovernment to control monopolies, people who are beneficiaries of it yell, "Regimentation ! ! Regimentation !" soloud and so long and so hard that we never can controlthem. When we turn to the other side and try to control distribution of benefits through taxation, even income tax, the same beneficiaries yell, "Confiscation ! Confiscation!" so much that we are stopped and inertiareally becomes the principle of public policy.Kerwin : I realize this, too, that every effort to breakmonopoly has fallen down because of this opposition,THE UNIVERSITY OFopposition on the part of many of these people whothought they stemmed, at least from the old-style liberals, ground that here you had a misuse of government authority.Gideonse: That is all right, I don't object to yoursaying that. You are essentially saying it is going tobe very hard to preserve a free society because monopolyis about us and because a lot of people, like you two,who call themselves liberals, stand for the destructionof a free society by promoting monopolies of anothersort. I don't object to that. I am saying precisely thatit is going to be very hard to preserve a free societybecause the liberals have become the very reverse ofliberals.Smith : You are telling us that it is going to be hardto preserve freedom. It is going to be even harder toestablish it. How can you preserve what isn't? I amamazed at you, Gideonse. I always thought you wereas bold as a lion. Yet, just because Mussolini in Italy,or Stalin in Russia, or Hitler in Germany, has donesomething, you are scared out of your wits and will notlet us try even the avenues open to us here in Americafor the distribution of the benefits of capitalism.Gideonse : My dear sir, my argument in the firstplace is that we are going to have a society very likewhat Hitler has in Germany or Mussolini has in Italyif we continue to make more and more monopoly, becausethen there will be a demand on the part of the peoplewho are excluded from these various monopolies onboth the labor side and the employer and capitalist side,for a state so strong that it can smash monopoly. That,after all, is the essence of what took place in Germany.Smith : Do you think you can smash monopoly oftbe market place without a monopoly of political power?Gideonse: No, I don't. I think you need power todo away with monopoly, or at any rate to control it ;but I am very much convinced that the ordinary wayof thinking of the man on the street and of the Americanso-called liberal student of these problems is not concerned with the use of political power to curb monopoly,but actually uses political power in the direction offurther monopoly, more big trade unions, more bigcorporations, more government price-fixing, more government production control, and so on.Kerwin : As I get it, then, Harry, you are not opposed to the very rigorous operation of governmentauthority so long as it happens to be used for the restoration of an old liberalism. Now, I believe that your government can be just as tyrannical and just as overpowering and just as Fascist, if you want to put it that way,in restoring this old liberalism, as it could in bringingabout a better condition (as we believe) for the working classes of the nation.Gideonse : I doubt very much whether it would,Jerry, because if it were an old liberal policy that guidedthis government in the use of its power, it would restore independent income, it would make farmers andlaborers and small traders and business men independentof government authority in their income, and if theywere that, the clanger of Fascism is not very great. Thedanger of Fascism increases precisely when everybodybecomes dependent in his income on government. Thenno one dares express his opinions any longer. CHICAGO MAGAZINE 9Smith : When you have Fascism in a modified form,how do you start to get liberalism ? People aren't securein their incomes today. How do we start from here?You want us to start, you say; and you give us thegasoline — and then you tell us not to use our power.You have to have power in order to destroy monopoly :BEHIND THE ROUND TABLEAllen Miller '26, director of the University Broadcasting Counciland Malcolm Romberg, UBC's technician examine the plaque presented to the Round Table. Both have been associated with theprogram since its inception.but if the government undertakes child labor regulations,or minimum wage regulations, or the shortening ofhours, you say that its policy is against liberalism.Gideonse: That ties up productive forces. For instance, look at the present administration. It is acurious mixture of old and new liberalism. There aresuch things as production control in the farm aspect ofthe program, for instance, which I think is definitelyanti-liberal in the old liberal sense, although it is beingdone by the new liberals, and there are such things asthis minimum wage legislation which is not yet passedbut which the President has made a very central partof his program in the next meeting of Congress. • That,too, as I pointed out in my illustrations of the threeworkers a moment ago, controls productive forces, islikely to give us a frozen depression level of productivity, lower standards of living all around. But thereare other things. For instance, Secretary Hull is anoutstanding example, I think, of an old-fashioned liberal,because he tries to break down trade barriers ; that isto say, he breaks down monopoly in foreign trade byrestoring the flow of commodities, goods, over the fron-( Continued on Page 11)THE CAMPUS DISSENTER• By HERBERT (BUD) LARSON '38PROMOTION of student activities has always beena big problem for campus leaders at Chicago. Something new and different in the way of publicitystunts could certainly be used to advantage. Pulse, themonthly magazine, thought it had that something whenthe "news" was spread that Editor John Morris had resigned in a huff after quarreling with his cohorts over an"expose" article they wanted printed that he thought wastoo "hot." The idea, of course, was that everyone wouldwant to read the story to find out what issue was bigenough to blast apart Pulse's staff. But the Daily Maroon, upon whom the magazine relied to spread the news,merely sympathized with Morris, refused to publicizehis asserted withdrawal, and the stunt fell flat. When revealed, it was reported as the "Morris hoax," which didPulse no good."Beauty contests" have long been a favorite stunt.Pulse used it, Homecoming used it, the big dances use it,The Cap and Gown uses it — it's overworked in general.The formula followed in each case is about the same. Thegirls "competing" are usually the same ones in all thecontests. A few people talk about it for a while, picturesof the girls are circulated, flattering them and buildingthem up for the let-down that invariably comes when theyrealize that they have just been "stooges," and then thewhole thing is forgotten. But only forgotten until something else comes along which needs publicity.But an idea new and different along the old line ofbeauty contests was put over on the campus by theCourtier, dormitory newspaper. It was in the form of a"girl we left behind" affair, with dorm residents submitting pictures of their home-town loves. Competition waskeen and interest high, and orchestra leader Ted Weemschose the winner from dozens of photos submitted byproud but lonesome young lovers. The winner camefrom St. Louis to be crowned "Queen of the Courts" ata dance at the Trianon with Judge Ted Weems' music.The current variation of the queen idea is on thebuild-up for the C-esta, an all-campus dance sponsoredby the Student Social Committee. Theirs will be a "BullKing," and they are seeking out the campusite who"throws it" most effectively or "sees red" most easily.POLITICAL UNIONThis month on campus saw the founding of a newand worth while student activity. It is the PoliticalUnion, • and its purpose is to discuss pertinent currentpolitical issues and give the members practical experience in politics. Modeled after the long establishedUnions of Oxford, Cambridge and Yale Universities, theChicago Union looks forward to great success. In myopinion, it is a fine activity for a campus of the sort Chicago now represents, for it is definitely on the intellectualas opposed to the "rah-rah" side.The Union's short but eventful history reveals at firstjust rumors of its founding, then the setting up of a temporary organizing committee which undertook to getthe ball rolling, draw up a constitution, and ally parties.Through leaders from this committee, Conservative, Liberal, and Radical parties each were formed, held a caucus,drew up a platform, and sought out candidates. (Membership in the Union has been arbitrarily set at twentyconservatives, thirty-five liberals, and twenty radicals.)After two months of highly publicized preliminaries, various party representatives were elected to seats in theUnion by a campus wide election which drew a surprisingly large number of votes. (The Hare system of voting, supervised by Political Science Professor JeromeKerwin, added greater validity to the election and demonstrated further the working of political institutions.)The body is governed by a student executive board ofsix members, the chairman of which acts as "Speaker" ofthe chamber. Its sessions are organized as a representative legislative house, with members seated right, center, and left as party affiliations determine. Meetings arerun strictly by parliamentary procedure.Incidental arrangements were well handled by a vitally interested few, and the Union is now ready to function. It will meet every other week to discuss questionssuch as that scheduled for the first meeting next January12, "Resolved, that this Union shall favor the balancing ofthe national budget by means of rigid economies by theRoosevelt Administration." Other topics for later discussions are "Resolved, that this Union shall favor collective security as a policy for maintaining world peace,"and "Resolved, that this Union believes that the C.I.O.is an undesirable element in American Society."Discussion will be opened by some prominent authority, such as a senator, diplomat, or government official.(The Executive Committee is attempting to secureJohn L. Lewis to open the session at which the C.I.O.question will be debated.) Then, forced to abide by stricttime limits, debate will be continued by student speakerswho will present their own and their parties' views on thesubjects. At the close of each meeting, a vote will betaken to determine how the student house would settlethe question before it.If its success should come anywhere near that ofUnions at the aforementioned universities, the PoliticalUnion should prove a valuable, as well as entertaining,addition to the already long list of campus activities.Following the lead of other established activities, theUnion has invited prominent public figures and University Alumni to form a Board of Trustees. The alliancewith these men is expected to lend more prestige to thenew organization, facilitate the securing of prominentmen to lead discussions, and add a steadying influence tothe group as a whole. The men thus far selected areSewell Avery, William Scott Bond, '97 , Morris Childs,President Robert M. Hutchins, Harold Ickes, '97,Frank Knox, Robert I. McCormick, Merrill C. Meigs,10THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 11'08, Walter Dill Scott, Harold H. Swift, '07 and CharlesWalgreen. The Trustees, and, for that matter, any interested students, faculty, or alumni, are invited to at-tiers, and that is definitely liberal in the old sense of theterm. I note, incidentally, that some of the new liberalsdo not like Cordell Hull for that, and criticize him verystrongly because they think he has all sorts of old fogeynotions in his head. But I would say Cordell Hull isan outstanding example of the good old-fashioned liberalcreed of free enterprise being related to the maintenanceof free institutions, and I think the Security Commissionlegislation is of exactly the same sort. To be sure, someof these people you talked about, T. V. Smith, who talkabout regimentation, won't like it, but that is none ofmy concern.I never called those people liberals, anyway, no matter what they might have thought. They probably regard it as interference with their freedom, but in theend such legislation improves the reliability of marketsand it therefore makes it a little more reliable to do business in security markets because you now have certainstandards to live up to. That, therefore, is good liberallegislation because it improves markets.Kerwin : All of which means, "Away with the NewDeal."Smith : Apparently so. I want to say a word aboutthe freedom of the market. We've talked about propertyas a yardstick, of liberalism and it's got so "rubbery" thatyou can apply it any place you please. Now you proposeanother yardstick, "freedom of the market," Gideonse,that freedom may mean either to sell for what you askand buy for what you offer, if you have enough power ;or it may mean to sell for what is offered and buy forwhat is asked, if you haven't any power at all. Sinceyour old liberalism may mean either one of these, to talkabout the freedom of the market or freedom of enterprise in a world where the facts happen to compel attention otherwise, doesn't seem to me to get us anywhere— except to elevate inertia to a principle of public policy.Gideonse: Of course I did away with your inertiaa little while ago, and I am not going to bother withit again.Smith: Yes; but you still illustrate its meaning byopposing child labor and minimum wages, you know.Gideonse : I am precisely maintaining that those areside issues, that the main issue is that a great deal ofdifficulty exists in the world's markets today because ofmonopoly, because of control, because of high tariffs, tend the Wednesday night meetings in Kent Lecture Halland listen to the visiting speakers and students debateat any of the regular sessions.because of triple A's, because of collective bargainingthat keeps wages higher than they should be to maintainfull employment, because of twenty-year bond contractsthat keep interest rates higher than they should be, andthat you can't expect the restoration of freedom unlessyou break down those monopoly restraints.Kerwin: After all, the question is not so muchwhether we are going to continue the New Deal or goback to the old liberalism or not, but it seems to me thatwhen you reach a point in the condition of society youactually face conditions. You have to adapt your legislation to those conditions. You have to use governmental authority to correct conditions that are bad, andthere really is no point at the present time in talkingabout things that existed in the eighteenth century. Wenow live in the twentieth century, and in the words ofGrover Cleveland, it is a condition and not a theory thatconfronts us.Smith : Yes, and let me add, in the view of oldSocrates, that we shall be better and braver and lesshelpless if we think we ought to keep on trying, than weshould be if we engaged with Gideonse in idle fanciesthat we cannot correct what we do not like withoutgetting what we like a lot less. That is a theme uponwhich I am ready as a liberal to fight in word and deedto1 the utmost of my power.Gideonse: All right, T. V., I have no objection toyour keeping on fighting. A lot of people keep on fighting for things that probably aren't entirely in line withthe objectives they try to achieve, but if you look at thestatement of Socrates for a moment I must ask you tonote that apparently you use it to* repeat your insistencethat the old liberal didn't believe in improving things,and sat by without doing anything at all.Now, the old liberal faith was a faith in freedom, afaith in open freedom, the free talent in any branch,economically, intellectually, religiously, politically, andit was therefore a dynamic challenge to monopoly andto privilege. I think the old liberal would answer toyour position there a moment ago that in a world ofgrowing monopolistic tendencies the/ state's power mustnow be used — and vigorously — but it must be used towards ends that will free society rather than compelthem towards ever-growing accumulation of powers inthe hands of government.The NeW Liberalism (Continued from Page 9)IS THE UNIVERSITY A GOOD# By T. S. MILLER, '09IN certain work with a campus organization I havehad to correspond with or interview several hundredalumni representing every class since 1896. Youmay be interested in knowing how they feel about certain matters.While the University of Chicago alumni are not excelled in quality by the graduates of any other institution,they do seem to have a peculiar loyalty to the Universityas it existed when they were in college rather than to theLTniversity as they fear it will be in the future. To analarming extent they are sending their own children toother colleges and, with a few exceptions, they are notrecommending Chicago to their friends.In my conversations and arguments with these alumniI have found certain convictions which may be basedupon erroneous conclusions, but which do exist to awidespread degree. If these conclusions are wrong, thereshould be propaganda to correct them, for as mattersstand now we are losing scores of -desirable students andthe good will of innumerable alumni.It may surprise you, as* it did me, to learn that theathletic situation is not the principal cause of this apathy,although nearly all alumni regret that we do not have asingle personality in the athletic department. Neitherthe director nor any of the major coaches can go to a highschool assembly, a Hi-Y banquet or any kind of gatheringand make a talk which is passable.The so-called Chicago plan of survey courses duringthe first two years seems to be approved enthusiasticallyby those alumni who know anything about it, and I believe it would help if more stress were put on selling thispart of the plan.The main objection to the University of Chicago as aschool for the children of its alumni is the definite feelingthat the undergraduate department has no future exceptas a clinic. And the alumni feel that they are rearingchildren, not guinea pigs. Every time the Presidentmakes an address or writes an article on education he convinces more alumni that Chicago is not the place for theirsons and daughters.For instance, this emphasis on the importance of theclassics means to the simple average alumnus that we aregoing back to the middle ages, or at least to where Harvard and Princeton were 100 years ago. The alumni feelthat this talk about the classics and the great minds ofhistory means that philosophy and metaphysics will begiven an increasingly important place in the undergraduate curriculum. They are convinced that it requires apeculiar nature for a 20 year old to obtain much permanent good from this type of study, and they do not wanttheir children to become so saturated with and confusedby the deductions of Thomas Aquinas, Spinosa et al thatthey become introverts. They would rather have theirsons go to Northwestern or Purdue and get a job whenthey graduate, than have them trek out to California toseek pure reason in some shack. Another definite conclusion which most alumni havereached is that they are against this vision of hybridizingthe University of Chicago with a bunch of high schools.In this it is peculiar that they cannot find a single facultymember at Chicago, or anywhere else, who regards thisscheme as anything but a pipe dream. However, thetalk^goes on, doing us harm in every quarter and no goodanywhere.'The prospective freshmen discuss these matters, too,and they usually have something to say in the selection ofa college. The average virile intelligent youth in highschool always contemplates his college life as an adventure. He looks forward to education and also to traditions, pleasant associations and good times. In that respect boys have not changed since the day Mr. Hutchinsdecided to go to old Yale instead of to Chicago or Columbia where he could have procured a better education. Theprospect of delving into the dusty classics and of associating with a bunch of precocious high school juniors andseniors is far from alluring to the worth while boys thatI know. They would rather go to Valparaiso.No matter how many scholarships are offered (andmany have been turned down) it will be impossible to attract quality to a glorified Junior College, and that is justwhat we will be called — in fact are now being called. Thesmall attendance this year, while most other collegesturned them away, shows how these schemes are regarded. They may not yet be in effect, and the alumnihope that they will never be, but a great deal of harmhas already been done by the mere proposal of such plans.The best back on the Illinois freshman squad was offereda 2 year scholarship at Chicago and had decided to comehere, but changed his mind when the Illinois boys gotbusy and painted our future to him.It cannot be denied that we are in a situation wheretoo many alumni, and even alumni Trustees of the University, are sending their children elsewhere to get aneducation. It seems to me that it is time to do something. Are we going to steer right onto the rocks ? Theseobjectionable plans should be dragged out into the open.Give the alumni some information on how the faculty regards these innovations. They certainly are entitled tosuch information. While the alumni do not like the ideaof being orphans of a college which will virtually cease toexist, they at least want to spare their children thathumiliation.I have tried to give you the attitude of many alumniwho are successful and cultured men. I am certain thatit is representative of the great majority. They knowwhat they want for their children and they also knowwhat they don't want. They have passed the stage ofdisapproval and are beginning to feel resentment at thisNew Deal on the Midway.As for myself I now have one son, one nephew andtwo nieces in the University of Chicago and they are all(Continued on Page 24)12PLACE FOR ALUMNI CHILDREN?• By CHARLES TYROLER 2nd, '35I HAVE heard, unofficially, that the University enrollment has, contrary to the general run of University enrollments, experienced a slump. This is badnews. But, to my mind, it is a symptom of illness in oursociety rather than in our University.The basic idea on which Mr. Hutchins has built hisprogram for higher education is a simple one that hasbeen accorded lip worship for centuries. An educationshould principally aid in developing a capacity to think— not merely to perform a task nor to remember a factbut to think. The emphasis in our American educationalsystem has been misplaced. Technique and memoryhave been confused with, or chosen in preference to,thought. Mr. Hutchins is attempting to correct this misplaced emphasis.We need intelligence, the ability to think, in our society. We need it as we have never needed it before.How many times have you heard a politician bemoan"want in the midst of plenty" ? But what have we doneabout it? What hope is there that our society, in itspresent un-thinking state, can do anything about it ? Mustwe wait to see our democracy crushed by the iron handof dictatorship, by the familiar grant of "bread and circuses"? The spectre of permanent unemployment andpermanent want faces us while we prepare to reducenext year's crop acreage. We must produce less because more people are hungry. We produce little whenmuch is needed; and we never produce enough. Doesthis sound like an intelligent society? No wonder Mr.Hutchins titles his Saturday Evening Post articles : "WeAre Getting no Brighter."Why do some people choose not to send their childrento Chicago ? Principally for one reason ; they think thatby so doing they will be lessening their children's chancesof "making good in the world." How do they "makegood" ? By making money. What is the quickest wayto make money in this world of ours ? To learn the tricksof a trade, be it meat packing or the bond business, asfast as possible and then practice that trade as long aspossible for as much money as possible.What reasons has Mr. Hutchins for- refusing to teachthe tricks of the trades ?A. The tricks are ever-changing. What is effectivetoday will be ineffective tomorrow.B. Tricks of the trades are not subjects with intellectual content. A university is "a community of scholars,"not a trade school.C. The masters of the tricks of the trades are not inthe small-paying ranks of Universities or even tradeschools. They are in private businesses at high salaries.A University should never attempt to do something forwhich another form of institution is better equipped to do.D. The University graduate should be a leader in ourcivilization, not a cog in the wheel, an automaton in aplanless society. He must correlate and direct! If hemerely memorizes a technique, he will be unable to in fluence that technique, to change it or improve it, andstill less able to realize its significance in relation to othertechniques. Today we are well advanced in the field ofmechanical technique. We know how to build great machines capable of doing man's work. But we are notsocially intelligent. We do not know how to operatethese machines for the benefit of mankind. In times ofdire distress, machines that feed, house and clothe,lie idle while people starve, go homeless and hungry. TheUniversity product must correct this ugly paradox. Andto do this, he must be able to think.I met a dissatisfied Chicago alumnus the other day. Hewas no exception to a rule that I have formulated in thepast two years: namely that alumni dissatisfaction withthe University exists in inverse relation to knowledge ofthe University. His objections were five in number andI list them in the order of his presentation.1. The football team is rotten.2. Hutchins is experimenting on the undergraduates.3. Theories and the classics are all right in a library,but life is for the "practical" man. Undergraduates atChicago aren't being taught "practical" stuff that will dothem any good when they get out.4. The University is over-emphasizing philosophy andmetaphysics. Aristotle, Plato, Aquinas and the other"classical" writers are dead and gone. They have noconnection with modern day life.5. Much of the value of college life lies in the friendships and contacts formed there, the good times enjoyedas an undergraduate. A college graduate should notonly have (sic) an education but should be "well-rounded" socially, be able to fit into society as a whole.An increasing number of Chicago graduates do not fitinto the "social scheme of things." Chicago is producing"social misfits."Let us consider these objections. 1. Our football teamhas had a long succession of unsuccessful seasons. Howcan this be corrected? Fifty thousand dollars will buyan All- American team. Two or three times that amount(plus Rose Bowl "take") would come back to the University in increased gate receipts. It would be the easiestand surest business venture in the world. The alumniwould be happy, the University would make money. Butthe University has curiously felt that it is not in the business of promoting professional athletic contests. And asa matter of business ethics, it wouldn't be fair to competewith the Chicago Bears. Many of us agree with theUniversity. Many of us derive great satisfaction fromthe fact that this fall, Mr. John Tunis, writing in theAmerican Mercury, rated Chicago as one of the few amateur college football teams in the country. We hope thatChicago will continue to keep its All- American standing— as an amateur team. The simple and obvious fact is,of course, that, at a University, athletics should be sub-1314 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEordinate to the main purpose of education. At Chicagothis is happily the case.2. Has Hutchins experimented on the undergraduates? Yes. Has this been undesirable? No. Firstly,what is an experiment ? Webster says : "Experiment — atrial made to confirm or disprove something doubtful."Mr. Hutchins when he is allowed to experiment, and Iunderstand that is all too seldom, has been attempting tofind a method of inducing thought, of encouraging theprocess of thought in undergraduates. From all reports that I have been able to garner about his honorscourse in the classics of civilization, he has been remarkably successful. Perhaps we are justified in saying thathe has partially proved his point. Thus if the tenet thatman can be helped to think for himself is no longer"doubtful," the experiment ceases to be one. It has laidthe groundwork for a theory (see The Higher Learningin America, by Robert M. Hutchins. Yale UniversityPress. 1936.)3. For the value of classical and philosophical studies,we need only refer to the English educational systemwhich is predominantly classical in nature. Despite this"handicap" the English seem to hold their own in "practical" matters. Then, too, the^English Civil Service system is universally acknowledged to be the finest in theworld. Ours is notoriously poor. The future leaders ofthe English Civil Service are taken fresh from theirclassical studies. They develop their capacity to think atOxford and Cambridge. They practice being civil servants in the service itself. Why wouldn't this work inAmerica ? It probably would, but it has never been tried.As a passing aside, it is significant to note that by developing rationality in its leadership England has become astrange place as compared with our fair shores. Englishpolicemen do not carry guns. There is little crime.Widows of recently deceased Republic Steel workers willbe surprised to learn that English industrial disputes areinvariably bloodless. The ability to think has enabledEnglish leaders to realize that the path of progress ismade smooth not by blind competition but through visionary cooperation.4. No modern American university is endangered byan undue emphasis on philosophy and metaphysics. Thedanger is in precisely the opposite direction. For verification of this, consult any university catalogue. Look atthe courses offered. "Practical" courses predominateoverwhelmingly. In fact we have so many "practical"courses that they have become trivial in nature (such ascourses in the beauty parlor trade, automobile driving,bicycle riding, shorthand, typing, hotel management, etc.)Aristotle, Plato and Aquinas are great philosophers.Their works have stood the test of time. The process ofthinking is never outmoded. Great minds, great thoughts. . . This is the heritage of our civilization. It is necessary to understand the past in order to deal with thepresent and comprehend the future.5. Latest reports from Chicago give fraternities, football and fun a nice plurality if not a majority. TheCoffee Shop is still packing them in. Hanley's, weekend dances, all night bull sessions and midnight rendezvous do not want for popularity. And, as a recent graduate, may I point out that "social" days and nights grow no brighter in retrospect ; that the time I ate at the Chicago Club with a wealthy alumnus pales into insignificance before the memory of hours spent at the feet of agreat man, listening to golden words. Perhaps studentsdrink less now that prohibition and the F. Scott Fitzgerald post-war, jazz-age have gone, perhaps they read andthink more than they did "in the good old days." Perhaps they're getting a better education, too. Why not?Remember they're at a University, "a community ofscholars." If they had wanted to go to a country club, aboys or girls finishing school, they would have gone toYale or Princeton, Smith or Wellesley.„ As for producing "social misfits," there is good reasonfor believing that this is in itself a sign of progress. Ifour society is sick, we need militancy to cure it. We donot want to produce a constant flow of identical nonentities who will accept that society as it is. Out of dissatisfaction and discontent grows change and progress. Outof acceptance and conformity comes only stagnation.* * *In all walks of life, uneasiness and fear have foundtheir way. From the club bar to the halls of universities, discussion reigns. What is wrong with our society,what is wrong with the richest country on earth ? And ifyou trace the discussion to its logical conclusion, you'llcome to only one answer : the need for education. Notfor facts, for pages of the Encyclopedia, unrelated and unconnected, but for reason, for straight thinking, for theability to choose between alternative methods and objectives, means and ends. There isn't a schoolroom in theworld where we can teach a man what to do under eachand every circumstance that will possibly confront him.We can only generalize on how to achieve a solution,teach him the process of thinking, practice him in themethod of thought. This is an indescribably complex,rapidly-changing world we live in. We couldn't duplicate it, in miniature, in our classrooms even if we wantedto. And if we are unable to duplicate what is happening today, what chance have we of anticipating, in specific terms what might happen tomorrow? No chance atall. The place to practice life is in life itself.As Hutchins himself pointed out several years ago, thestate of the nation depends on the state of education. Ifuniversities merely reflect and thus perpetuate the stateof the nation, prepare people for specific tasks in the nation as it is, what chance is there for the better day weall yearn for? Universities must be centers of creativethought, not mere mirrors of the world in action. Universities must influence the society in which they live.The society must not be allowed to dominate and warpthe Universities, especially when that society is diseased.Wherever I go, in whatever I read, the same questionis put. What can we do about education ? All are agreedthat something must be done. "The public is a greatbeast." Education must bring man into the full heritagethat his possession of reason makes available ! "Americamust choose . . " says Henry Wallace. How can theychoose when they know neither the alternatives normeans of attaining them? "America must actively engage in the search for peace," says the President. How ?Now as never before* man needs reason, the ability to(Continued on Page 24)SOCIAL SECURITYAnd Public Welfare'By SOPHONISBA P. BRECKINRIDGE, Ph.D.'OI; J.D.'04The Lost SheepHow think ye? If a man have an hundred sheep,and one of them be gone astray, doth he not leave theninety and nine, and goeth into the mountains, and seek-eth that which is gone astray?And if so be that he find it, verily I say unto you, herejoiceth more of that sheep, than of the ninety and ninewhich went not astray.Even so it is not the will of your Father which is inheaven, that one of these little ones should perish. —Matthew 18: 12, 13, 14.The Little ChildAt the same time came the disciples unto Jesus, saying, Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?And Jesus called a little child unto him, and set himin the midst of them.And said, Verily I say unto you, Except ye be converted, and become as little children, ye shall not enterinto the kingdom of heaven. — Matthezv 18: 1, 2, 5.Caesar's or God'sTell us therefore, What thinketh thou? Is it lawfulto give tribute unto Caesar, or not?But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Whytempt ye me, ye hypocrites?Shew me the tribute money. And they brought untohim a penny.And he saith unto them, Whose is this image andsuperscription?They say unto him, Caesar's. Then saith he untothem, Render therefore unto Caesar the things whichare Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's. —Matthezv 22: 17-21.The Prophet's PromiseThe wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf, and theyoung lion, and the failing together ; and a little childshall lead them. — Isaiah 11:6.I ASK you to let me discuss today a statute placedtwo years agO' by votes of all the parties on the federal statute books, generally known as the SocialSecurity Act, together with a reference to certain facilitiesprovided in all the states for the service of those in need.This Security Act creates co-operative relationshipsbetween the federal government, acting through threedifferent channels, the Security Board, the Children'sBureau, the Public Health Service, and the states andthree territories, and requires in that co-operative effortan administrative arrangement by which a single state authority responds in the light of the needs discovered inevery local governmental unit in that state. And a state*Address delivered at Rockefeller Memorial Chapel. may respond only when there is activity and response ineach of the local jurisdictions in that state, and there arein the country something over three thousand of theselocal jurisdictions. There is, then, an absolutely nationwide body of authorities, some of which are closely integrated, others being separate and independent each fromthe other.You have listened today to the passages from thescripture — the parable of the lost sheep, the scene withthe little child, the promise of the prophet, and the drawing of the distinction betweenthe jurisdictionof Caesar andthat of God. Younotice that in theparable of thelost sheep nothing is said of thecharacteristics ofthe wanderer.He may havebeen very young,or in middleyears, or unablebecause of theweak nesses ofage to see thepath by which hemight have remained in safety.In the words ofthe prophet, too,the promisesuggests an ap-proach to thebeautiful vision; but reminds you that the way thithermay well be rough and perilous.These verses from the Gospel and the prophet suggestsome questions to which I ask you to let me proposeat least some replies.Who constitute the modern analogue of the lostsheep?First may be put the victims of the swift changesin industry and business organization, the aged, whosewage-earning years and social and domestic relationships did not allow of provision for the later years ofhelpless inactivity. When she first came to Chicagoand went about as a visitor of the county agent whoadministered the so-called "pauper law," Miss Lath-rop's great love and interest went out to these helpless, destitute old persons. "Human Wastage" was thetopic of much of her discourse during those years ofthe late nineties. Their cruel fate was not, in her judg-MISS BRECKINRIDGEA pioneer in Social Service1516 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEment, intentional. They were truly lost from the groupwho expected to find, by their own efforts, at leastenough for their own support. But, under the conditions of industry then prevailing, this was not possible.Industry was then pathless for many workers, and shedemanded that provision be made for the discovery, recovery, and restoration of those who could not or didnot find the way; a recovery that would give to themthe sense of belonging to a group which not only rendered care but rejoiced in so doing.They were the old. At the same time loving eyeswere searching for the young. The children who shouldhave been in school or at play.In 1893, when the eyes of Florence Kelly in the meanwest-side streets of Chicago began to look at the littlechildren, she saw stunted little figures, crippled bodies,neglected minds, deprived of the childhood that in herjudgment was not only their right but an essential basisof sound American life later on. Those reports of thefirst Illinois factory inspector, herself the mother ofthree young children, but in her official capacity thespokesman for the rights of all children to childhoodand of the community to a citizenship based on happychildhood, might stand not so much beside the gospelsas side by side with the warnings of the prophets ofold. Why did they work at so cruelly and wickedly earlyan age? What were the reasons for their being lostnot on the mountainside but in the morass of disorganized industry?In the sweatshops of great cities, in the mills of NewEngland and the South, in the glass factories of Illinois,in the beet fields and fruit orchards of the West, in thecanal boats and where the oyster beds were found onthe sea and gulf shore, as breaker boys in the mines —in all of these unsuitable places little children werefound toiling not only by day but by night as well.To find these and bring them back to the fold meantrevising the child-labor laws, making child employmentillegal and costly, reorganizing the school system, organizing industry so that the parents could earn enoughto dispense with the child's contribution to the composite family income — and doing this not on a local, noreven on a state, but on a national scale. This has meant,as has been suggested, legislation in each of the states,the setting up of state factory inspection departments,and three attempts at federal control, postponed fortwenty years if not prevented by judicial misinterpretation of the United States Constitution.Beside the child laborers there were the orphans fromwhose widowed mothers the normal source of supporthad been removed by the death or incapacity of thebreadwinner, or the children for whose able-bodiedfather the altered industry of the day no longer offeredemployment; and the children of parents, too, whomthe existing social, occupational, and legal system hadcaught in a wilderness of neglect.There were, too, the underpaid, and possibly overworked girl and woman worker, the man whose 72-hourweek at one time might alternate with the period ofunemployment a little later — and always the backgroundof neglected old age and community failures in our penitentiaries.Rescue parties were organized, researches were made — in localities, in states, and on a nation-wide scale — and,finally, a federal lookout post was established to reportand propose possible plans for discovery and restoration.That federal agency, the Children's Bureau, uncoveredanother essential group for whom discovery was literallya matter of life and death. The hideous wastage bymaternal and infant death was then for the first timerealized. A nation-wide view revealed the challengeand made clear the service called for. Nor were theseold and these young, the unemployed, or mothers andbabies, the only ones. There were the physically handicapped, the blind and the deaf and the crippled, andthose somehow warped or limited mentally, or emotionally unable to invite or to respond.To each of these, the normal progress with the groupseemed impossible or unattractive and they were leftout, or left behind, if they did not of themselves createa gap between themselves and the rest of the flock.To bridge these gaps, state authorities were established, but without possible concerted effort. And thenin 1935 the Social Security Act was placed on the statutebooks ! Under that Act services are provided or stimulated for the groups which have been named. These are,in the order in which the Act provides for them: theaged, the unemployed, the children in their own homesneeding assistance, mothers and babies, crippled children, children anywhere and everywhere needing service,the blind and handicapped persons needing vocationalrehabilitation.Something of the implications of this Act can begathered from a few figures.Plans for the aged have been approved in fifty outof fifty-one jurisdictions; federal aid for the aged during October, 1937, amounted to over $71,000,000; forthe year, almost $172,000,000.For the children in their own homes, plans have beenapproved in thirty-nine jurisdictions; nearly a half -million children are thought to have been aided, and almost$2,200,000 had been expended in their behalf. It isestimated that twenty-one million jobs are covered bythe unemployment compensation provisions of the Act,and that two million persons are being assisted underthe Act. These are in addition to the provision for theblind, and to the services of the Children's Bureau, thepublic health activities, and those of the state welfaredepartments, under which provision is made for thementally distressed and the mentally incapable and forthe compulsory detention and treatment of persons foundguilty of antisocial conduct.These figures do not include the 800,000 families and350,000 persons receiving relief in July, nor the over400,000 in state hospitals for the insane, the 60,000feeble-minded, and the 130,000 men and women in statepenitentiaries.My claim is that the Security Act and public welfareprogram, only a portion of which has been indicated,are the modern analogue to the scene described in theparable, the successor to the shepherd who noticed theabsence of the sheep and went to find and return himto his flock. In these services, spread before you since1935 on a nation-wide scale, you find a purpose of absolute comprehensiveness. The representatives of theseauthorities cannot be satisfied with knowing that thereTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17are ninety and nine that are safe — they miss the hundredth member of the flock and demand the opportunityto find, recover, and restore. They may in fact insistthat they know better than you what the challenge is,and that not ninety and nine but possibly only sixty andsix are safe, so that not one in a hundred but one inthree needs to be discovered, recovered, and restored.New standards of judgment estimate "one-third to beill-clothed, ill-fed, ill-housed"- — certainly not in conditionto keep up with the others, to be happy in that association. These have been the lost, discouraged, submerged.They have been submerged but there were no instruments for reaching them. They were really lost, but wecould not blaze the trail that enabled us to find andrestore. The truly pious and the skilled welfare workerwere both unhappy so long as that misery persisted with-our provision for its alleviation.Now let me recall some of these procedures of discovery, recovery, and restoration.There were, first, research and investigation. As hasbeen said, the beginning was made with the children. Itwas in 1912 recognized that there was a connectionbetween the welfare of the nation and the welfare ofthe children. And the federal Children's Bureau wasset up to make real that community of interest by supplying the essential information.Then the nation learned more of how babies diedwhen their mothers died ; or, living, did not know howto care for them; how, when their father's income wentdown, the death-rate of babies went up; and how childlabor kept the schools from giving the knowledge citizenship would need, how the deficient administration ofjustice meant failure in the treatment of young offenders— all the multiplicity of byways by which the youngmight be prevented from following in the straight ormounting path that leads to wholesome, free participation in the better life of the time.This federal service of pointing the way led to increase in state and local authorities to undertake theseservices, at first disjointed and independent. How todistribute the task between and among the governmentalunits is a question still unsolved — one whose intricacy,universality, difficulty, and delicacy require the integrated intelligent co-operation of all three sets of authorities. The distribution of these duties, in fact, presents a problem in efficient professional, social, andgovernmental relationship, challenging to the keenestand most devoted intelligence. Its complexity and difficulty are, of course, increased many fold when its solution is confused by historic hostilities and ancient prejudices. Old loyalties and principles applicable to otherareas and other purposes cannot be allowed permanentlyto obstruct the accomplishment of the purpose which concerns the entire group today. When the solution ispostponed, as in the case of federal relief, or the transient question, the suffering is beyond all estimate.Then there are the questions of personnel. If, insteadof persons having the needed skill in discovery (whichmight be called diagnosis), and the required knowledgeof the pathway back (which we call treatment), thereare sent out those who represent a particular politicalparty, or a particular sectarian view of salvation, thechances of finding and bringing back the lost sheep are reduced to a minimum. The question of personnel is offirst importance. Those who represent you should haveears to hear and eyes to see and a knowledge of whatto do. As in the case of medical practice, legal skill,or engineering techniques, the welfare worker shouldbe prepared to understand the origin and nature of theneed, to indicate if not to apply the appropriate treatment, to report on the reasons for the wandering andsuggest protective and preventive measures. It is nowpossible to obtain workers, not only kind and sympathetic, but also understanding and professionally qualified really to adapt the treatment to the individual need,knowing how the available resources may best be utilized. If the public welfare services do not take on theseaspects, it is because we the people do not really carewhether or not the lost and needy are discovered, recovered, and restored.There is, of course, the question of cost, which mustbe borne by those who have and can spare.Here there is much to be done in the reallocation ofpublic funds. The cost in 1934 of all government' — federal, state, and local — was estimated at 14}4 billiondollars, of which 47 per cent, or nearly half, was federal ;39 per cent, or almost two-fifths, was local ; and the other14 per cent was state expenditure. Of the federal expenditures, social welfare claimed a considerable share.However, there is much to be done in the reallocationof these funds. In 1937 the amount allotted to wars,past and present, was ten times that allotted to socialwelfare. This will have eventually to be readjusted.The expenditures in the states and local units for publicwelfare needs are likewise very great. In fact, the costsof these essential services are great in money. The failureto render them is, however, greater in suffering, forthose for whose aid these services are intended. And,in spite of the skill and devotion already expended, thevolume of this cost in human misery is still very great.And that brings me to the last point to which I callattention. These public services and these public funds.Whose are they ? Are they Caesar's, or are they God's ?There is increasing development and integration of governmental welfare authorities. Through the grant-in-aid,through co-operative effort and the development of consultation, through the increasing recognition of commonpurpose, out of a multiplicity of independent jurisdictions there is coming into being a true national service— not only nation-wide, but providing a completely comprehensive national integrated search and treatment.Then, to whom does this welfare organization belong?To Caesar or to God? Can one be satisfied with sucha dilemma ? Must not what is Caesar's so conform withwhat God requires that these services can be held tostandards of mercy and progress rather than of compulsion and power?Many years ago the chief of police in Chicago orderedhis staff to regard themselves as "guardians not of thelaw, but of the children, boys and girls who go aboutthe streets unattended, in public places." When theyare the guardians of these children, boys and girls, dothe police then belong to Caesar or to God? When heset the child in the midst, did Jesus not mean that thechild should point the way not only to the spiritual qual-(Continued on Page 24)NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESCOVERING the vocabulary from "blood andthunder" to "butterfly," Section Three of ADictionary of American English, the most ambitious effort ever made to deal with the American language, was published by the University of ChicagoPress just before Christmas. Like the two preceding-sections, it is an interesting mine of Americanisms whichhave attained the sanctity of dictionary recognition.Purists may lament that the defilement of the motherlanguage has proceded to such an extent that two pagesare required to list what the rude colonists have donewith the word "bust" in both its noun and verb forms.And they may look askance on the recognition of "bum,"likewise liberally experimented with by Americans asverb and noun. But they will have to concede the vigorof the American* version of the language, and its constant reflection- of the development of an original life.The Dictionary, interestingly enough, is having a constantly expanding sale to everyone from the referencelibrarians of motion picture companies to learnedscholars.Among the Americanisms of the third section are suchwell known examples as "tq pass the buck," "buckfever," "buck" (dollar), "butter bean," "bushwhacker"(a backwoods dweller), "bunch grass," "bunco" (a swindle), "buncombe" (the Dictionary seemingly doesn't recognize "bunk" in this sense, although it recognizes theword as a verb meaning "to sleep in rough conditions"),"bureau" (either the chest of drawers of those governmental inventions of Washington), "burg," "burlesque"(defined by our scholars as "a theatrical entertainment. . . featuring women in tights and scanty costumes"),"bourbon" (whiskey), "bowie knife," "box car," "buck-board," "bucket shop," "buckeye," "buck saw," "buckshot," "buckwheat cake," "bud" (a debutante).Sir William Craigie, who brought the Oxford English Dictionary to completion, became editor of the "American English" work eleven years ago, and directed thecompilation and editing until last year, when he returnedto England. He still continues active supervision of theproof reading and editing. The resident staff is Professor James R. Hulbert, co-editor, and Associate EditorsMitford M. Mathews and Allan Walker Read, all ofthe English department.FRIENDS OF THE LIBRARYLloyd Lewis, well-known Civil War historian anddramatic critic and sports editor of the Chicago DailyNews, recently was elected president of! the Friends ofthe Library of the University. Mr. Lewis, a chartermember of the association, along with William E. Dodd,U. S. Ambassador to Germany, and Carl Sandburg, allauthorities on the life of Abraham Lincoln, participatedin the initial meeting* in 1934 on the occasion of theannouncement of the University's acquisition of the Wil- • By WILLIAM V. MORGENSTERN, '20, JD '22Ham E. Barton Library of Lincolniana and other Lincoln material in manuscript and print.The "Friends" is an association of persons interestedin books, desirous of bringing to the University important library materials to strengthen its extensive records^ in the field of art, literature, and science.Mr. Lewis is the third president of the association.John S. Miller and Willoughby G. Walling are pastpresidents of the organization.SERGEL PLAY CONTESTTo encourage the writing of forms of drama not usually profitable to playwrights commercially, directors ofthe Charles H. Sergei Play Contest, conducted annuallyby the University, are offering a $500 cash prize thisyear for the best one-act poetic drama. Manuscriptsmust be sent to the Charles H. Sergei Play Contest,University of Chicago, on or before May 1, 1938.Although only poetic dramas will be considered, contest officials made clear that a play may be poetic without being in verse form, like Synge's "Riders to the Sea"or Yeats' "The Land of Heart's Desire." As the ideais expanded in subsequent years, other limitations maybe set in order that various forms of drama may be similarly encouraged.The Sergei prize contest, in which any resident ofthe United States is eligible to enter, was established "tostimulate the writing, production, and publication of newAmerican plays and thus to encourage both new andestablished playwrights in creating local drama." Thecompetition is in memory of Charles Hubbard Sergei,Chicago publisher, and was established by the will ofhis widow.CONVOCATION, MEETINGSTwo hundred and sixty-one candidates received degrees at the Winter Convocation in Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, among them Leo Rosten, author of theWashington Correspondents and "H*Y*M*A*NK*A*P*L*A*N," who took the Ph.D. degree in political science. His book on the Capital's newspaper menwas his thesis. Of the degrees, 99 were Bachelors', 71Masters', 37 Doctors of Medicine, 33 Doctors of Philosophy, 14 the J.D., six Masters of Business Administration, and 1 J. Sc.D. The Convocation address wasdelivered by Professor James Weber Linn.As usual, a large section of the faculty spent theChristmas vacation at the annual meetings of learned societies. By the closest count, approximately a hundredof the staff went either to Indianapolis, where the American Association for the Advancement of Science andthe Mathematical Association of America were meeting ;to Washington, where the Society of American Bacteriologists and the Geologic Society of America heldforth; Philadelphia, which was host to the AmericanHistorical Association, and Atlantic City, conventioncity of the American Sociological Society.18THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19HUTCHINS, WORKS ON EDUCATIONTwo of the four articles by President Hutchins haveappeared in the Saturday Evening Post at this time;the other two are scheduled for early January. Oneresult has been a large increase in the President's fanmail, with most of the writers showing an intelligentunderstanding of education, whether — as the majorityis — they are in agreement with what has been published,or in disagreement. Point on which the most disagreement hinges is Mr. Hutchins' contention that vocationaltraining has no place in the system until boys and girlshave been given a good general education.The pressure which is being exerted against the traditional organization of the educational system is reflectedin a recent public discussion by Dean George A. Workson the question of awarding the Bachelor's degree atthe end of the junior college period. This is a solutionwhich is at present under general consideration by manyinstitutions because of the implications of changes in theworld generally, which have their influence on thecolleges."Data on enrolments for the period from 1918-19 to1933-34 for accredited institutions in North Central territory seem to show that some? of the same forces thatwere operating to increase attendance in junior collegeswere also effective in the colleges," Dean Works said."Next to the junior colleges they increased most rapidlyin enrolment, and the smaller ones showed a relativelymuch more rapid growth than did the larger ones. Thiswould seem to indicate that the small college, whichwould be the one most likely to be affected adverselyby the proposed change, like the junior college, is gaining in numbers of students through an increased tendency for young persons to attend a local higher institution when it is practicable for them to do so."Today there are a considerable number of collegesof liberal arts that do not have resources with whichto maintain even a moderately good institution. Theseinstitutions have been in difficulty for years. Their* position is being made increasingly hard by the commonrequirement of the Master's degree for secondary schoolteaching. If this proposal to grant the Bachelor's degree at the end of the junior college period were generally accepted, undoubtedly a considerable number ofthese colleges would become junior v colleges. Thiswould be much wiser than for them to continue as theyare, or to attempt to offer the Master's degree. It doesnot necessarily follow that an institution which has servedsociety well should be continued after changed conditions no longer leave a place for it."Dean Works agreed that the greatest objection to theproposed change in the awarding of a Bachelor's degreewould be its effect on colleges of liberal arts which arenot a part of a university, but contended that educationalchanges are inevitable and that these institutions mustrespond to them. "The basic forces that are influencingthe development of the junior college are at work, regardless ofl the level at which the degree is awarded,"Dean Works said. "It seems probable that the independent college will continue to change in response to theseforces, and the proposal that forms the theme of thisdiscussion seems unlikely to have an adverse influence; it would only serve to clarify the relationship among ourseveral types of higher institutions."Dean Works believes that the award of the A.B. degree at the end of the junior college period would eliminate the confusion arising out of the rapid growth ofthe junior college and the significance the Master's degree is beginning to assume.NEFF PRIZEA prize in memory of Theodore Lee Neff, AssociateProfessor of French, has been established at the University by his widow, Cora L. Neff of Merriam, Kan.,and his son, Lloyd, of Kansas City, Mo. The prizewill be awarded annually to a student of the Frenchlanguage and literature in, the Department of RomanceLanguages. The first award, a prize of $50, will bemade at the June Convocation next year. ProfessorNeff, who died Nov. 11, 1936, took his Ph.D. degreefrom the University in 1896, and was thereafter a member of the faculty until he reached the retiring age in1925. He and his son were the first father-son winnersof the "C" awarded for athletic competition.AWARD TO LUCKHARDTDr. Arno B. Luckhardt, Professor of Physiology atthe University of Chicago, was presented with the AlphaOmega Achievement Medal at the national conventionof the fraternity at the Congress Hotel, Dec. 29 and 30.The medal is given annually by the fraternity for meritorious contribution "to the art and science of dentistry." Dr. Luckhardt has been an active member ofthe Council on Dental Therapeutics since its organization eight years ago by the American Dental Association.Efforts of the Council are directed toward protecting thepublic and the dental profession against nostrums, dangerous dental products, and all medicaments which arefalsely propagandized. Dr. Luckhardt is widely knownas the discoverer of the anesthetic properties of ethylenegas, which is now used throughout the world.MEECH, LYMAN DIEStuart P. Meech, Associate Professor of Finance inthe School of Business, died December 15 from a self-inflicted bullet wound. Mr. Meech for the last severalyears had been in ill-health and during a renewed attack of a persistent ailment he wounded himself with asmall rifle. Born im Lansing, Feb. 2, 1897, and graduate of the University in 1920, he had a brilliant careerin finance. Interested primarily in actual problems offinancial administration, he had a wide acquaintanceamong bankers and financial people and his advice wasfrequently asked. He had participated in the investmentfield as a counselor, organizer and trainer of securitysales forces and analyst of investment programs. Professor Meech was a frequent participant in the "RoundTable" programs. His wife, the former Maxine O'Donnell, of O'Neill, Nebraska, whom he married in October,1935, survives.Rollo L. Lyman, Professor of the Teaching of English, died suddenly the night of December 22 of a heartattack. A very well known figure among teachers, Pro-(Continued on Page 24)IN MY OPINION•By FRED B. MILLETT, PhD'31, Visiting Professor of English, Wesleyan UniversityIF all the literature in the world save some suchmasterpiece as Lycidas or King Lear were destroyed,the work of art itself would undergo no alteration,but its value would be immensely enhanced, since itwould be the sole resource of a world hungry for aesthetic satisfaction of a literary kind. Fortunately such aworld calamity is unthinkable, but forpurposes of clarification we may imagine such a contingency and isolate awork of art in order to investigate thedifferent kinds of value discoverable init. It will not, of course, be possibleto measure the quality of those values,since for comparison and evaluation theexistence of other works of art is demanded, but the nature of the valuesought, at any rate, to be seen clearly.And an awareness of these differentvalues is a necessary preliminary toany comparative evaluation.If we assume, for the purpose of ouranalysis, that the single surviving workis such a poetic narrative as the Odysseyor such a poetic drama as Hamlet, weshall have more than ample material for the discrimination of a number of kinds of values. For the naive andinexperienced reader, the most obvious value in either ofthese works is almost certain to be the story or, in theAristotelian sense, the fable, but the experienced reader,trained in analysis, will perhaps be inclined to direct hisattention first of all to the element with which his experience of the work begins, namely, its style.In expert hands, the analysis of style may take onan overpowering complexity, but even a simple analysisof style suggests the all-importance of this kind of valuein literary works of art. For, obviously, the mediumof literature is words, and it is on the artist's skill inthe choice and arrangement of words that his most complex emotional and philosophical effects ultimately depend. It is impossible, of course, to lay down universalrules for the effective choice of words. The artist chooseshis words in the light of his intention to express notmerely a particular observation or sentiment, but thewhole body and soul of his vision. But aside from thepropriety and power of words in relation to their artist'sinforming purpose, words affect us immediately in avariety of recognizable and distinguishable ways. Noone can read such lines asBlow, winds, and crack your cheeks ! rage ! blow !Your cataracts and hurricanes, spoutTill you have drench'd our steeples, drowned thecocks !or thus with the yearSeasons return ; but not to me returns Day, or the sweet approach of even or morn,Or sight of vernal bloom, or summer's rose,Or flocks, or herds, or human face divine,in or out of their context, without experiencing a complex series of responses. For words evoke images, stirthe senses, arouse emotions, and conveyideas transparently or opaquely. Theyare the Alpha and Omega of literaryartistry.But words do not exist in isolation,in either life or art, and in combinationtheir effectiveness in the hands of askilled artist increases geometrically.Words, like listerine or kodak, takenby themselves, have an auditory felicityor infelicity, and words tactfully assembled have an almost unbelievablycomplex music, as may be shown byeven a superficial analysis of the sound-patterns of such lines asFRED B. MILLETT Irks care the crop-fed crowIn the lost lilac and the lost sea voices.Moreover, any combination of words may please us,not merely through the value of its sound-pattern, butthrough the pattern of rhythm which their juxtapositioncreates. For as rhythm is the very soul of verse, soall good prose is likewise subtly rhythmic. The rhythmmay be as obvious as that of a jingle or a marchingsong, or as subtle as that of Hamlet's solitary broodingsor Satan's demonic eloquence, but, simple or subtle, itechoes the rhythm of our heart beat, the pulsation ofblood through our veins, our quickening or slackeningpace, the movement of tides, and the waxing and waningof the moon.But works of art do not live by style alone, althoughthe devotees of pure poetry struggle to believe so. Style,though an organic element of living art, is, howeverlovely, only its surface. Style is the sheen of the fairflesh, the glint of light on gleaming locks. Style is thegarment upon the body of art, a living garment without which the body cannot endure. But the body ofart is not merely superficially beautiful or powerful orhorrible; the body of art is structural and dynamic.The more or less futile attempts to diagram the structural elements in works of literary art should not conceal from us the fact that structure is not somethingimposed upon a work of art by a tired teacher ; it is theorganic life of the work, of the action in narrative art,of emotion and thought in literary art that is not narrative in character. Thus it is the design made by theaction in epic, drama, novel, and short story which constitutes the organic structure of such works, and the pattern of emotion and thought which constitutes the organic20THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21structure of works that are not narrative in character.Works of art vary, of course, not only in the simplicity and complexity of their organic structures, butalso in the clarity and distinctness with which theycan be discerned. But in Burns's "My Luve's like ared, red rose" no less than in Shakespeare's King Lear,the element of structure is no negligible value, and forpersons of a classical turn of taste, the formal elementsin a work of art will always rank high. Some misguidedclassicists, to be sure, are inclined to make them not onlythe first but the last of aesthetic values. Thus RogerFry would restrict aesthetic emotion to "an emotionabout form" and would disparage as impure art all worksin which formal design is not the predominant consideration. "In certain people," he writes, "purely formalpatterns of certain kinds arouse peculiarly profound emotions." But by admitting that such works of art arefew and that such appreciative persons are fewer, heacknowledges the number and the popularity of worksin which other considerations than that of formal design must be faced. To maintain, as he does, that "noone who has a real understanding of the art of paintingattaches any importance to what we call the subject ofa painting" is to restrict art to pure form, and to repressor deny all the values, the fundamental values associatedwith the content of works of art. Without falling intothe pitfall of the "representationalists," one can assertwithout hesitation that what the painter paints is assignificant for both the artist and the critic as how hepaints what he has chosen to' paint.Even so classical an aesthetician as Roger Fry admitsthat works of art, in one or another way, arouse emotion. Even pure works of art — works of art in whichformal design is the predominant consideration — provoke reactions "suffused with an emotional tone," reviveperhaps "the residual traces left on the spirit by thedifferent emotions of life." All works of art are immensely rich in affective and associative connotations,and any complete response to a work of art of whatevertype is a complex of sensations, affects, emotions, andeven ideas. The image-bearing words with which certain types of poetry are exceedingly rich arouse fairlyspecific and sharp images of complex sensory experience. Both subject and form also arouse sometimesvague and sometimes painfully distinct affects and emotions, and certainly no work of art of any magnitudeis without its explicit or implicit statements in the natureof ideas. The statement may be as distressingly specificas "God's in his heaven ; all's right with the world" ; itmay be as vague as "faery casements opening on the foamof perilous seas forlorn." But the ideational implicationis there, to contribute to the value of a work of art orto detract from it.But to recognize that the subject of a work of art isone of its fundamental values is not, unfortunately, todistinguish the kinds of value that the subject may havefor us. Some such discrimination is necessary if weare to avoid the pitfalls of certain inadequate aestheticdoctrines. Most commentators on the values associatedwith content would probably be inclined to considerfirst the values in the beautiful-ugly category, but itwill perhaps throw more light on the popular appeals of certain works of art if we consider first the familiar-unfamiliar dichotomy.The value that attaches itself to the familiar has beenphrased conveniently as "the pleasure of recognition."Viewed superficially, this type of pleasure is identifiedby some condescending aestheticians as the elementarypleasure experienced by the denizens of New York,Emporia, or Dead Man's Gulch when they recognize thefaithful and accurate representation of persons and placesfamiliar to them. But the pleasure aroused by the representation of the familiar is not likely to be limited toone's delight in the technical skill shown in the precisefactual rendition of familiar persons and objects. Foraesthetic recognition of any high order will combine superficial identification with the zest and illumination of discovery, the discovery of hitherto unsuspected elementsand values in the inadequately studied or understoodfamiliar. The combination of recognition and discoveryalso appears in the familiar experience of recognizing inthe characters of fiction traits in oneself and of discovering elements hitherto unsuspected in oneself. Certainlynot the least of the services art renders is the educativeexperience of recognition combined with discovery. Notthe least of the reasons for the immense vogue of GeorgeSantayana's The Last Puritan was the insight it gavecountless readers into elements and psychological mechanisms of which they had been only imperfectly awareuntil the philosopher-artist revealed them.But no less important than the value of the familiaris the value of the unfamiliar, the pleasure of discoverycombined, not with recognition but with nonrecognitionor exploration. In this realm of exploration, the habitof phantasying plays, of course, an important part. Anycrass or crude satisfaction of our phantasying may havesome slight therapeutic value; it is almost certain notto have much aesthetic value. But it should not be forgotten that works of art representing men, not as theyare but as they ought or would like to be, serve a tremendous civilizing function in realizing man's fairerand nobler dreams in compellingly specific forms. Thephysical idealization apparent in classical and renaissancesculpture, the spiritual idealization present in medievalart are values without which the world would be infinitely poorer. The poet's idealization of the universaldream of a perfect and completely satisfying love hashad its psychological and social no less than its merelyaesthetic consequences. Man's experience of love wouldbe an infinitely different thing, if Petrarch and Spencerhad been forbidden to idealize it But the value ofexploration is present not merely in works of art whichcrassly or crudely represent experience as better or worsethan it is. It is also present in works of art which allureus into the considerations of kinds of human beings,forms of life, and conditions of existence alien to ourown. The exploitation of the alien may take, of course,an obvious or a subtle form. Obviously or deftly theGraustark or Zenda romance may feed our elementaryhunger for the alien ideal. But the alien has its important place, also, in serious work of a classical, romantic, or realistic order. Thus, a realistic novel likeWar and Peace, a romantic tragedy like Lear, and aclassical tragedy like Oedipus Rex contribute throughtheir variations on the remote to our comprehension and22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEunderstanding of elements alien to our personal experience and imagination.The most amateurish of aestheticians feels perfectlysure that one of the major values of works of art arisesfrom their representation of the beautiful, though themost expert of them have never been able to> definebeauty. Deeply conscious as we are that evaluationsof beauty are painfully relative, that one man's beautyis another man's ugliness, we would certainly agree thatthere are in many works of art, as in many forms oflife and nature, subjects and patterns that give us akind of pleasure aroused neither by a good deed norby a sublime truth. But to restrict the artist to therepresentation of beauty, even when beauty is mosttolerantly conceived, is to close our eyes, not merelyto the large number of works of art whose subjects atleast are ugly but to the question of the artist's motivein representing the ugly or the critic's appetite for therepresentation of the ugly.For an understanding of the significance of the uglyin works of art, it is not sufficient, as Aristotle suggested,to limit the pleasure the representation of the ugly orthe repellent gives us to our admiration of the technicalskill of the representation. The representation of theugly has more than technical significance. A clue tothe significance of the ugly in art is perhaps to be foundin I. A. Richards' interpretation of value as the satisfaction of appetencies and the avoidance of aversions. Therole of art in the satisfaction of appetencies is sufficientlyclear, whether the work of art be September Morn orthe Sistine Madonna. But Richards does not seem torealize the importance in both life and art of the satisfaction of aversions. Curious as it may seem, even psychologically normal human beings have a modest appetite for the physically and morally ugly. To grant thisis not to accuse all consumers of art of suffering withthe naturalists, a nostalgie de la boue, a love of the gutter.The peculiar attractiveness of the ugly in works of artseems to., me to arise from four fairly distinct causes :our appreciation of the technical skill of the representation, our admiration for the artist's ability in imposingformal design on the ugly, i. e., discovering the elementsof beauty in it, our intrinsic delight in the ugly per se,and our sense that, since the ugly is an element in awork of art, it can be controlled, can be taken into ourexperience or eliminated from it at will. One has onlyto set some example of medieval or modern sculptureover against the ideal beauty of classical sculpture torealize the contribution that the element of the ugly canmake to an experience more complex and more completely satisfying than any that idealized Greek sculpturecan give.Another value that works of art have — a value muchcontroverted but unmistakable — is value on the scale ofgood and evil. The problem of moral values in works ofart is too difficult a one to be settled in a paragraph. Therelation of moral values to aesthetic values is not asimple one, but there is a relationship. Probably morebad works of art have been devoted to the expressionof values conceived to be good than to the expressionof values generally recognized as bad. What is importantto consider at the moment, however, is that works of artrnay have as their function the representation not only of the ideally good but of the ideally evil. For, just as menhave a certain appetite for the ugly, so they have, as anymoralist would acknowledge, a certain appetite for evil.Works of art, then, have furnished us and may furnishus not merely dynamic patterns of character and conductthat partake of the ideal but also ideal patterns of evilcharacter and conduct.If one asks the justification or the utility of the representation of evil in works of art, one may find a clue tothe reason for such representation either in Aristotle'stheory of the purgation of the emotions or in the hypothesis of the satisfaction of aversions. The precise psychological mechanism by which art satisfies the reader's appetite for evil is by no means clear, although identification plays its essential role here, too. But that greatworks of art create opportunities for experiencing evilwith impunity is apparent to anyone who has ever understood or begun to understand Iago in Othello, Goneriland Regan in Lear, or the incest-motif in Oedipus Rex.It might very well be argued that art is of immense moraland therapeutic significance since it offers ideal conditions for the legitimate satisfaction of the whole range ofanti-social appetencies, appetencies from which we, ascivilized beings, train ourselves to turn our attention andtoward which we ordinarily direct our ethical disapprobation.The impunity which art confers on the satisfaction ofsuch appetencies derives from the inescapable distinctionbetween art and life and not from the poetic justice whichis visited upon the criminal and villainous in works ofart, if not always in life. This impunity arises from thefact that in art we can freely identify ourselves withcharacters and actions which our consciences, publicopinion, the pressures of our social group, and the policedo not approve in real life. It is further dependent on thefact that the experiences offered us by a work of arthave none of the direct consequences that actions usuallyentail, though they have immense indirect consequencesin their clarification of our impulses and the realization ofour conscious and unconscious hungers. Finally, the impunity depends on the fact that art with its sharply defined limits of physical and aesthetic form is controllable.At will we can give ourselves to the experiences that artbrings us or shut ourselves off from them. We can onlyimperfectly control the experiences which art brings us.Art is water in a beaker ; life is the flowing stream.On these circumstances depends the superiority of artto life. Works of art of any magnitude bring into equilibrium and harmonize complex and frequently opposedseries of hierarchical appetencies and aversions which arerealized in art with a clarity and completeness with whichthey are rarely realized in life. And such realization ismade possible, not merely by the artist's technical andimaginative potency, but by the permanency of the opportunities are offers us. Circumstance in life is impermanent ; art is almost eternal. We can never quite re-createthe particular circumstances out of which a completelysatisfactory experience has arisen in life. To art we canreturn again and again, never quite the same persons, butmore perfectly ready for recognizable but ever novel andmore and more deeply satisfying experiences of values inevery kind.QUAD RAMBLESWHO WILL BE NEXT AT CHICAGO?IT is ironical that the man who amassed a fortunefrom his inventions of dynamite, blasting gelatin(more powerful than dynamite), and smokelesspowder, should leave the bulk of his huge fortune forthe establishment of a foundation which would liberallyreward that person or organization annually making themost distinguished and worthy contribution to> the furtherance of peace. This was one of the five fields whichSwedish chemist and engineer Nobel willed to> be recognized with annual awards for distinguished contributions of most benefit to humanity.Since December 10, 1901, the anniversary of AlfredB. Nobel's death (1896), prizes have been awarded inthe fields of physics, chemistry, medicine or physiology,literature, and for the furtherance of world peace. Although Nobel Prizes have frequently crossed to America from Sweden in recognition of distinguishedliterary works (e. g., Sinclair Lewis, Eugene O'Neill)and contributions to world peace (Theodore Roosevelt,Frank B. Kellogg, Jane Addams), Americans have probably distinguished themselves more frequently in thefields of science.In these latter fields, Chicago has the best recordamong American universities. Four of our faculty members have won Prizes: Michelson, Millikan, and Compton in physics and Carrel (who won the award afterleaving Chicago but for work done in medicine duringhis three-year period as a visiting professor here).California Institute of Technology has three NobelPrize winners on its faculty : Robert A. Millikan, T. H.Morgan (whose Nobel Prize work was done at Columbia), and Carl Anderson, who received the Prize inphysics last year. Harvard's T. W. Richards receivedthe Prize in chemistry some years ago< and, more recently,Harvard's Minot and Murphy, and Whipple (of Rochester) shared the Prize in medicine for their work in livercure for pernicious anemia. Columbia has Harold Ureyin physics; Rockefeller Institute, Karl Landsteiner inMedicine; General Electric, Irving Langmuir; and BellTelephone, Clinton J. Davisson, who was our first alumnus to win the Nobel Prize.If Chicago scientists, in a position to know, wererecommending the next Chicago scientist to be considered for this Prize, they would doubtless nominateArthur J. Dempster who, although not doing any onespectacular job and consistently dodging any publicityconnected with his research, has been right at the frontin a number of new scientific developments. Includedin these accomplishments to date is the construction ofa mass-spectrograph that will weigh accurately the fraction of an atom to the .00000(X)OOOOOOOCX300000000004 ofof a gram, which, as you can see, is a lot of zeros tofollow a decimal point. Only a few years back, Dr.Dempster won the thousand dollar prize given by the * By HOWARD W. MORT, Editor, Tower TopicsAmerican Association for the Advancement of Sciencefor the best paper read at its annual convention.NONE OF OUR BUSINESSThere is something a little disconcerting about somethings that happen in — what some of us prefer to thinkof as — an omnisciently operated universe.Maroon editor McNeill — the projectiles from whose"withdrawfromiheBigTen" shrapnel bounced back via acampus poll to> shatter panes in his own editorial windows— was on the program at the annual Chicago AlumniFootball Dinner at Hutchinson Commons last month.Admitting temporary defeat of his number two plank(see Quad Rambles, Nov., 1937), which brought deafening applause from the six-hundred loyal, banquetingfootball supporters, Mac waxed facetious while offeringa substitute for the present intercollegiate football setup :horse racing!If the University substituted horse racing for footballthere would be no problems of eligibility; sweepstake-pari mutuel-conscious America would fill the Stagg-Fieldstands to an S.R.O. capacity; Metcalf's athletic pursewould again bulge to the profit of a more comprehensiveintramural program; and students would be providedwith the Saturday afternoon excitement they crave. Machad the stage all set for a new era in Midway athleticsin which the hay, formerly used to keep the varsity feetwarm on zero Saturdays, wrould actually fuel the participants. All that was lacking was the string of horses.Then came the disconcerting (see first sentence) announcement in the following Monday morning dailies:Northwestern had inherited Mrs. Manlove Rea's racingstables and a hundred thousand dollars (which wouldpurchase a lot of hay ! ) . This would happen to a schoolwhich has no need for horse racing because it has afootball team that already fills its stadium to capacity!We have only one consoling suggestion to offer insaving McNeill's "New Plan" : an arrangement withNorthwestern similar to our Texas-Chicago astronomyagreement. The University of Texas had the site andmoney for building and equipping an observatory. Wehad the men qualified to use such equipment. So westaff their observatory to the profit of all concerned.* * *All the University vice-presidents were on the program at the football banquet. First vice-president speakerWoodward put them on the assembly line (which may ormay not have been the influence of newly appointedTrustee Hoffman, President of Studebaker Corporation)as follows : Assuming the old adage that vice-presidentsare for the purpose of doing the things the presidenthasn't the nerve to do, Mr. Woodward decided he mustbe the shock absorber and Vice-President Benton thenew spark plug. Vice-President Filbey followed in strideby assuming, as budget-controller, that he must be thefour-wheel brakes.2324 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESocial Security (Continued from Page 17)ity of those inquiring about that jurisdiction but to thenature of their participation in the life of the kingdom?If responsibilities we now know as public are assumedrather than those earlier ones of personal piety, can theynot be counted as belonging to God ? Is it not of God todemand a universal service of professional skill and competence, doing in a representative capacity what can nolonger be done by individual piety?The Social Security Act does not speak in scripturalterms. It undertakes, however, to co-operate with statepublic welfare agencies, to assist the aged and the unemployed, to protect and care for homeless, dependent andneglected children and children in danger of becoming delinquent (especially in rural portions of the state), and inrehabilitating the handicapped. It shares the cost withevery state, covering all areas, trying to reach all theneedy.Surely selfish exploitation, illegitimate indulgence, reactionary adherence to practices good and useful in theirday but out of date and inapplicable now, must all berendered impossible in the case of those who undertaketo rescue the child from the criminal law, as is the purpose of the juvenile court; to avert from mothers thecurse of Eve, and abate for fathers the curse of Adam,by assuring safe childbirth and providing the work thatis the expression of human dignity under conditions thatmean freedom and not serfdom; or to relieve othersin distress.Miller(Continued from Page 12)paying tuition. They are having a swell time and arelearning a lot more than I did back 30 years ago when wewere winning championships. But I, too, am worriedabout the future of the undergraduate college.I have another son coming along, and many nephewsand nieces. They should logically go to the University ofChicago. But until the mists are cleared I shall makeno effort to induce them to do so, in fact I may attemptto divert them elsewhere if it still appears that the University of Chicago is going hay wire in its search for purereason, if it over-stresses metaphysics, or if those kidswould have to associate on the campus with the nubbinswhich will be the inevitable result of cross pollinizationwith high schools.Why not put these matters up to the Alumni Councilbefore it is too late to start a back fire ?fessor Lyman had been at the University since 1914.He was born March, 1878, at Madison, Wisconsin, andwas educated at Beloit and Chicago. He was on the Harvard faculty from 1902 to 1905, then at Wisconsin until The Social Security Act is not yet quite complete.Adult men and women out of work beyond certain periods of time, men and women not old enough for oldage assistance but too old for the job, those out of workbecause of sickness — none of these is yet included. Forthose within its scope it is comprehensive, and as theway is seen more clearly or the method is better understood, or resources are found adequate, its provisionswill be supplemented and other groups will be added.What, then, should be the attitude of the pious towardthe development of these public services? Do they belong to Caesar or do they not belong to God? If theybelong to Caesar, they can be treated as the subject ofpartisan interest. If they belong to God, if they are trulydiscovering and recovering those, without whom the flockis incomplete, there can be no partisanship; there canbe only objective questions as to the directness of theroute taken, the care with which the recovered wandereris returned, the completeness with which he can berestored.The parable of the lost sheep, the sense that whenone suffers all suffer, the acceptance of the principlethat a little child shall lead through all the wildernessand the morasses of neglect and abuse to the beatificvision of a fair chance for everyone — there is in thislegislation and in these nation-wide public services atleast the beginning of fulfilment of the promises of theprophet and of the Gospel.Tyroler(Continued from Page 14)think. Our educational institutions sit back undisturbedby a society rushing madly to uncomprehended chaos.Chicago alone has taken steps. Is Mr. Hutchins' plan ofstudy the best possible? I do not know. I feel that it isa change in the right direction. And I know what mypreferences are. I prefer Aristotle and Plato to DaleCarnegie and Walter Pitkin. If Mr. Hutchins is teaching Chicago students to think, and those best qualifiedto know say he is, it is enough.In many intelligent circles, Chicago is looked on as thebright hope of American education and thus the hope ofAmerica itself. Democracy rots through ignorance. Thefirst essential of a lasting democracy is a virile, conscious,thinking public opinion to direct it ; only through thoughtcan it become thinking.1913. In 1931, he was President of the Council ofTeachers of English. His wife, Helen Crane Lyman,whom he married in 1905, and a daughter, Mrs. WilliamMacaulay Hill, of Wichita, survive.NeWS of the Quadrangles (Continued from Page 19)LAW SCHOOL REUNIONTHE University of Chicago Luncheon during therecent American Bar Association meeting at Kansas City, Missouri, was an unusually large andrepresentative gathering of our law school alumni. Fiftyalumni and six guests attended. The alumni came fromtwenty-eight cities scattered through thirteen states plusthe District of Columbia. Nineteen classes were represented, beginning with '06 and ending with '33.The chatty reunion of so many college generations permitted only a short speaking program. George M.Morris, '15, of Washington, D. C, reminisced on the previous Chicago luncheons, commenting that this one hada record attendance outside of Chicago. ProfessorGeorge G. Bogert of the law faculty explained the newcurriculum and complimented the alumni present as reflecting the "Golden Age" of the law school. John S.Wright, '07, of Kansas City, presided.Other alumni present were:William P. MacCracken, Jr. — .'11, Washington, D. C.Silas A. Harris — T3, Columbus, Ohio.Mitchell Dawson — '13, Chicago, Illinois.William Stone — '18, St. Joseph, Missouri.William E. Davis — -'17, Kansas City, Missouri.B. D. Cahn — '33, Kansas City, Missouri.Louren G. Davidson — '33, Springfield, Missouri.John N. Hughes, Jr. — '33, Des Moines, Iowa.Morton John Barnard — '27, Chicago, Illinois.John R. Griffiths — '29, St. Louis, Missouri.Robert E. Nash— '20, Rockford, Illinois.Roy D. Thatcher— '09, Ogden, Utah.Arnold I. Shure — '29, Chicago, Illinois.Paul E. Basye — '26, Kansas City, Missouri.Marshall A. Pipin — '29, Chicago, Illinois.Craig R. Johnson — '26, Chicago, Illinois.George K. Bowden — '21, Chicago, Illinois.Alfred R. Kent — '06, Peabody, Kansas.Waltef A. Raymond — '22, Kansas City, Missouri.Alan F. Wherritt — '20, Liberty, Missouri.Henry M. Shugart — '22, Kansas City, Missouri.George Siefkin — '17, Wichita, Kansas.R. E. Draper — '22, Kansas City, Missouri.John Ladner — '21, Tulsa, Oklahoma.J. C. Pryor — TO, Burlington, Iowa.L. W. Powers — '14, Denison, Iowa.Arthur R. Wolfe — '14, Kansas City, Missouri.Alan Loth — -'13, Fort Dodge, Iowa.Thomas E. Scofield — -T6, Kansas City, Missouri.Joseph Brody — '15, Des Moines, Iowa.Ray B. Lucas- — '15, Benton, Missouri. George R. Murray — '14, Dayton, Ohio.Robert Guinther — T5, Akron, Ohio.William O. Wilson, Ph.B. — '97, Cheyenne, Wyoming.George E. Leonard — '29, Chicago, Illinois.John F. Voigt — '96, Chicago, Illinois.Roswell Magill— '20, Washington, D. C.William H. Leary— '08, Salt Lake City, Utah.Henry C. Shull — '16, Sioux City, Iowa.R. C. Fulbright — '09, Washington, D. C. and Houston,Texas.Harold F. Hecker— '09, St. Louis, Missouri.Albert B. Houghton — '09, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.Edward W. Allen — '07, Seattle, Washington.Martha McLendon — '27, Kansas City, Missouri.W. E. Stanley — -'13, Wichita, Kansas.Norris C. Bakke — '19, Denver, Colorado.J. Sydney Salkey — '11, St. Louis, Missouri.Robert L. Judd— TO, Salt Lake City, Utah.Inghram D. Hook — '07, Kansas City, Missouri.Henry P. Chandler — '06, Chicago, Illinois.Thomas F. Ryan — -'17, Reno, Nevada.A resolution offered by Judge John Ladner, '21, ofTulsa, recommending that the Law Alumni Directory bepublished annually and list the lawyers geographicallyby the cities and states in which they reside and practice,was unanimously adopted.The activity of our alumni at the sessions of theAmerican Bar Association was notable and carried onby such men as Roswell Magill, '20, speaker at the Federal Tax Clinic; George M. Morris, T5, selected Chairman of the House of Delegates; (this is the second highest office in the A. B. A.) William "£. Stanley, '13, ofWichita, State Delegate from Kansas, Chairman of Committee on Bar Association Administration and of varioussectional Uniform State Law Committees ; Mitchell Dawson, T3, of Chicago, Chairman of the Public RelationsCommittee; William H. Leary, '08, of Salt Lake City,Dean of the University of Utah Law School and long-active in Uniform State Law work; Judge Norris C.Bakke of the Supreme Court of Colorado ; James OliverMurdock (Ph.B) '16, of Washington, Chairman of theSection on International Law; Edward W. Allen (PhB)'07, of Seattle, former President of the Washington BarAssociation, who spoke on "Exploitation of the Richesof the High Seas"; Henry C. Shull, '16, of Sioux City,Chairman of Committee on Commercial Law and Bankruptcy; William O. Wilson (Ph.B) '97, of Cheyenne,State Delegate from Wyoming; George R. Murray, '14,of Dayton, Delegate from Ohio State Bar Association;J. C. Pryor, TO, of Burlington, Iowa, former Presidentof the Iowa Bar Association; and John F. Voigt, (Ph.B)'96, President of the Illinois Bar Association.25ATHLETICS• By PAUL MAC LEANScores :BasketballChicago, 20; DePaul, 28Chicago, 36; Marquette, 28Chicago, 45; Armour Tech, 32Chicago, 43; Wheaton, 26WrestlingChicago, 24; Wheaton, 10FOOTBALL talk is supposed to be out ot seasonat this time of the year but the Maroon athleticcompass is pointing straight and dramatically tothe 1938 gridiron schedule.For next year Amos Alonzo Stagg, for 41 years Chicago's football mentor, brings his College of Pacificeleven to the Midway to battle the colors the "Old Man"championed so long.The game will be played on Stagg's own Stagg field,Nov. 12, and will come between two hard games, Harvard and Illinois, on the Maroon calendar. Whileannouncement of the Chicago football schedule was madebut recently, fans already are making arrangements tosecure advantageous seats for this spectacular intersec-tional contest.When the College of Pacific and the University ofChicago teams line up for the November kick-off, theonly two coaches ever to guide Maroon football destinieswill be on opposite sides of the field. Sports writers covering the game will have not only charts and formsbefore them in the press box but, in addition, details ofa romantic gridiron history dating back to> 1892 whenStagg, recently graduated from Yale, was brought tothe University of Chicago as a member of the originalfaculty of President William Rainey Harper.Coach Clark D. Shaughnessy, who has been head ofthe coaching staff at the University since Stagg's retirement in 1933, should have the edge as far as materialis concerned. Graduation losses will be slight on theMidway and 1 1 veterans will be back to form the nucleusof the 1938 Chicago team. College of Pacific, on theother hand, will lose 11 senior lettermen instead of retaining that number.Chicago's returning regulars include Captain-electHamity, Sherman, Valorz, Goodstein, Letts and Davenport, backs, and Wasem, Johnson, Kelley, Fink, andPeirce, linemen. If dope talk is correct, Coach Shaughnessy's team also will be pleasantly strengthened by several top notch freshmen from this season's yearling squad.Coach Stagg's colorful, dynamic career at Chicagoterminated by retirement June 30, 1933, under statutesof the University which prohibit a faculty member fromreappointment to active service after passing the 70-yearage limit. "Too young and aggressive" to stop coaching, he accepted the position at the College of the Pacific.During his tenure as head football coach at the littleCollege of Pacific, he raised the team from relative obscurity to one of the formidable elevens on the Pacific coast. This season his team held the powerful "RoseBowl" California Bears to a 20-0 score and then tiedSt. Mary's, 0-0. A defeat on Thanksgiving by FresnoState cost the Far Western Conference championshipwhich Pacific won in 1936.Lewis Hamity, aggressive Maroon quarterback, willcaptain the 1938 football team. His election was announced at the annual football banquet of the ChicagoAlumni Club, held in the Commons the night of Dec. 8.In addition to this honor, the "Order of the C" awardedhim a trophy for being the most valuable member of theteam who received the least recognition.Kendall Petersen, of Long Beach, Calif., a senior whoplayed every minute of Chicago's five major games inthe left tackle position, was chosen by his team, matesas the most valuable player on the squad. The "Orderof the C" honored Petersen by presenting him with atrophy for distinguishing himself in line play. SollieSherman, shifty Chicago tailback and accurate pass tosser,gained the trophy for being the most valuable backfieldplayer.' A group of rugged freshmen was present at the banquet and the "Order of the C" single out Hugh Rendle-man, a tackle from Davenport, la., as being not onlyan outstanding member of the freshman football squadbut the player who best depicted the average Universityof Chicago- freshman athlete.Before leaving football it should be noted that twoUniversity players gained honorable mention on Grant-land Rice's All-American team this year. Bob Wasem,a sophomore end, and Sollie Sherman, back, receivedthis distinction, which gave Chicago greater prominenceon the team than either Illinois or Wisconsin.BASKETBALLNow basketball! The Maroon team, composed forthe most part of veteran players, dropped its first gameto DePaul but came back the following week and toppledMarquette by a decisive 36 to 28 score. Marquette, ahighly rated quintet, already had defeated Wisconsinby a 11-point margin and had lost to Northwestern byonly a one-basket difference. .Coach Nelson Norgren switched his lineup afterthe DePaul game and placed John Eggemeyer at guardand Bob Cassels and Jack Mullins at forwards. WithDick Lounsbury at center and Captain Kendall Petersenin the other guard post, the Maroon team flashed in theMarquette game and bombarded the basket from everyconceivable angle. Eggemeyer dropped five shots fromdifficult positions and Lounsbury, a clever, tireless sophomore, counted six times from the floor.Baskets rained in so fast towards the last of the gamethat even the statisticians were in a quandary. Some saidthe Maroon team scored 11 points in three seconds,others stretched the time to 90 seconds, and the moreconservative set the interval at five minutes. At any rate,Coach Norgren's team scored 11 points in a hurry.26THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27They need not put into port to call home or office, when WesternElectric's radio telephone is aboard. In areas served by land stations,on both Atlantic and Pacific coasts, they can be connected with othertelephone subscribers just as they can at home.Sturdy and dependable, the sea- going telephone is one of the morerecent additions to Western Electric's large family of sound-transmission products. Like all the others, it is an outgrowth of 55 years' ofexperience as manufacturer for the Bell System.Western ElectricLEADERS IN SOUND-TRANSMISSION APPARATUS28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINENEWS OF THECLASSES1897William Henderson Arbogast, retired minister, is living at 211 WestSeminary Avenue, Bloomington, 111.Emily Fogg Mead (Mrs. E. S.) isbusy with much civic work in Phila-delphia* the A.A.U.W. (chairman of theCommittee on the Economic and Legal Status of Women), the League ofWomen Voters, and the Y.W.C.A. (amember of the Board and chairman ofthe Committee on Public Affairs). LeoC. Rosten, '30, the husband of heryoungest daughter, Priscilla, '33, recently published two outstanding books,The Education of Hyman Kaplan andThe Washington Correspondents.1900Florence Parker Luckenbill (Mrs.D. D.) writes from Cortez, Florida,that she is taking entire care of her five-year grandson and greatly enjoying lifein a beach cottage on the Gulf ofMexico.1901Joseph C. Ewing, JD'03, San Diegoinvestment lawyer, reports: "Crop ofgrandchildren arriving. We have threegrandsons. Two of them have an athletic father who is 6 feet 3y2 inchestall and weighs 215 pounds. These maybe possibilities for Coach Shaughnessy'sMaroons." 1902Patent law is the specialty of RussellWiles, who is president of the ChicagoPatent Law Association and vice-chairman of the Patent Section of the American Bar Association. When he is notoccupied with law, you will find himat the rifle range shooting. For thepast fifteen years he has directed theNational Rifle Association.1903In addition to running the Crawfordhousehold, Cornelia Smith Crawford(Mrs. Charles C.) is doing social service work for under priviliged and alsofeebleminded children, acting as a member of the Child Guidance Board, theBoard of the Milne Home for FeebleMinded Girls, and as president of theWomen's Board of the Waldo BurtonHome for Boys. She may be addressedat 1315 First Street, New Orleans, Louisiana.Lena Vaughan, SM'08, teacher, isat Rosemary Hall, Greenwich, Connecticut.1904Charles M. Barber, executive vicepresident of the Maytag Research Laboratories, resides in Albuquerque, NewMexico, at 1400 East Central Avenue.Mrs. Howard W. Fenton (LaurettaOctigan) has been doing a most effective piece of work the past few monthsfor Chicago's Community Fund aschairman of the Women's Division.1905Mary A. Nourse of Mount Vernon Seminary, Washington, D. C, spent theyear 1936-37 in the Far East studyingthe Japanese Empire, preparatory towriting a history on Japan. She visited Korea, Formosa, Honkkaido, andthe Philippines, and was in China fora month. Her report on "Woman'sWork in Japan" appears in the Januaryissue of the National Geographic Magazine.1906George Raymond Schaeffer is nowdirector of publicity and customer relations for Marshall Field and Company.Formerly he was advertising manager.1907Hugo Bezdek has been coaching theCleveland Rams for the past two years.Mrs. R. Randolph Chamberlain(Grace Williamson) gives us herpresent address as River Road West,King's Highway Number 2, Prescottt,Ontario', Canada.W. A. McDermid and Associates,sales consultants, New York, havemoved their Washington office to theShoreham Building.1908Of the past few months, J. H. Gag-nier, DBT5, has spent considerabletime overseeing the building of his newsummer home in Brewster Loud Parkabout four miles north of Oscoda on theshore of Lake Huron. His winter address is 1545 Grand Avenue, Kalamazoo, Michigan.Dr. Paul A. White, surgeon, is atG<_fUESTS may come, and guests may go, but onething is certain, they all enjoy your dinner — whenyou serve Swift's Premium Ham.They revel in its tender texture. They enjoy its excellent flavor. They marvel at its quality and appetizing appearance. "Here, mine host, is meat!"So if you are expecting agroup for dinner next Tuesday,Wednesday — or almost any day for that matter, order a Swift's PremiumHam from your dealer. You can identify it by the small brown dotsrunning down the side — reading "Swift's — Swift's — Swift's." If youserve a Swift's Premium Ham, your guests will appreciate your choice.Swift & CompanyTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHTCAGO MAGAZINEthe Central Clinic of Davenport, Iowa,and was president in 1937 of the staffof St. Luke's Hospital. He goes in foramateur motion pictures and advocatesseeing America first.1909Claude McColloch is United StatesDistrict Judge for the State of Oregon.W. F. Sanders, AM' 17, dean of ParkCollege, was awarded the LLD degreeby the College last June.1910Beulah Armacost Hess (Mrs. L. J.)of 620 C Street, Sparrow's Point, Maryland, classifies herself as "just 'mom'to three six-footers, one of whom is myhusband, the others our sons, Jere andDick." Jere entered Princeton this falland Dick is a sixth-former at the Gil-man Country School for Boys of Baltimore. Mrs. Hess is chairman of theSocial and House Committee of Sparrow's Point Country Club.Robert L. Judd, LLB, is a memberof the law firm of Bagley, Judd, Rayand Nebeker, 921 Kearns Building, SaltLake City, Utah.1911Donald Admiral, newspaper columnist, is living in Palm Springs, California.Egbert LeRoy Dakin, DB, has received a federal appointment on the Milwaukee Housing Committee.1912Walter H. Chambers, LLB, is amember of the law firm of Thompson,Chalmers and Thompson, 100 NorthLaSalle Street, Chicago, but commutesfrom Wilmette. Music, especially singing, and golf rate highest in his avocational list.Myrta McCoy Sawyer (Mrs. C. N.)is now living in Washington, D. C, at528 Cedar Street, Washington, D. C.1913Mary E. Howland is teaching atLindblom High School, Chicago.1914Jay B. Allen was in charge of arranging all details and ceremonies atthe recent inauguration of Warren-Palmer Behan, '94, DB'97, PhD'99, asthe eleventh president of Sioux FallsCollege.Mrs. Pentice Bart is now living inRedding, Connecticut._ Mildred Parker Brown (Mrs. William L.) writes from Flossmoor, Illinois.A. C. Hodge, PhD'22, is in the research department of Sheridan, Farwell& Morrison, Inc., investment counselors, Chicago.1915Olaf B. Andersen, AM, life insurance salesman, has his office in theNorth West Bank Building, Minneapolis, and lives at 4937 South Dupont.John J. Eshleman, JD, is a federalestate tax officer of the San FranciscoDivision and a director for Indiana University in the Big Ten Club of SanFrancisco. He reports that the University of Chicago's directors in saidBig Ten Club are Harry Maschal and Paul Panning, which really gives Chicago three representatives on the boardof twenty members directing the destinies of the Club for the current year.Andrew P. Juiil, AM, is teachingGerman and math at the Roosevelt HighSchool, Fresno, California, and for recreation turns to gardening and raisingchickens.1916Elmer B. Brown, AM, is associateprofessor of education at State Teachers College, Warrensburg, Missouri.He announces the arrival of a grandsonon October 10, 1937. The father, Harold P. Brown, is professor of chemistryat Kansas City University, Missouri.Jean A. Dorrel, teacher at the Central High School, gives as her presentaddress, 1460 Euclid Street, N.W.,Washington, D. C.Samuel Everton, AM, of Olympia,Washington, has been elected presidentof the Washington Baptist Conventionfor 1937-38.1917For a second term Mrs. A. L. Desser(Rose Nath) of 222 South PlymouthBoulevard, Los Angeles, California, isserving as president of the local chapterof the United Order of True 'Sisters, alarge philanthropic club. The motherof two sons and a physician's wife, shefinds her time well occupied.Mame Mason Higgins, AM, hasbeen teaching at Bethune-Cookman College, Daytona Beach, Florida, since thefirst of September.1918John J. Brotherton is practicinglaw in White Haven, Pennsylvania.Florence Morgan Cunningham,AM, does considerable lecturing on parent education, with special emphasis onguidance of the adolescent. Her address is 4290 North Meridian Street,Indianapolis, Indiana.1919Mrs. Victor B ruder (Elizabeth S.Wheeler) has been very successful indesigning Christmas cards. Her husband is resident physician at the Water-bury (Connecticut) General Hospital.Joseph C. Carroll, PhB'17, AM'18,DB, pastor of the Second BaptistChurch of Lafayette, Indiana, is working on a book dealing with the slave insurrections in the United States from1800 to 1865.Ellen C. Craig, AM, has been teaching at Mary Institute, St. Louis, Missouri, this fall.On August 31st, Corrine S. Eddyconipleted her year of rotating interne-ship at the Lutheran Memorial Hospital, Chicago, and was awarded an MDdegree by the University of Illinois.After a short vacation, she went to thePine Crest Sanatorium for Tuberculosisin Oshtemo, Michigan, to start a residency in tuberculosis.1920Walter A. Bowers, a former president of the Washington Alumni Club,has received the LLB degree fromGeorge Washington University, Washington, D. C, and has been admitted to Presenting the NEWSCOTT Sixteen"The Stradivarlusof Radio" UNDERS200!Each custom instrument precision built BY HANDin Scott Research Laboratories for performanceimpossible with factory mass-produced radios. Thelist of SCOTT owners reads like a "blue book" ofthe world. • • . 982 famous celebrities and thou*sands of others who demand the finest regardlessof cost. 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Noobligation of any kind.Name #Address practice law in the District and Appellate Courts of the District of Columbia.He is now executive assistant to theCommissioner of Accounts and Deposits, United States Treasury Department, Washington, D. C. His homeaddress is 116 West Woodbine Street,Chevy Chase, Maryland.1921Lilian C. Williams Baker, AM, istraveling for the Farm Security Administration but can be addressed at 116Mansfield Street, New Haven, Conn.Thomas E. Blackwell received hisJD degree this year. He is comptrollerand business manager at WashingtonUniversity, St. Louis.With the opening of the fall semester, Helen T. Gilroy began teaching atBeaver College, Jenkintown, Pennsylvania.1922R. E. Leggette is with the Acousticaland Specialties Contracting Company ofDetroit.1923Robert C. Matlock is chief chemistof the Ken-Rad Tube and Lamp Corporation, Owensboro, Kentucky.1924James L. Palmer, AM, is on a year'sleave of absence from the Universityof Chicago's School of Business, toCity & State30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEserve as director of research for Marshall Field and Company.Edna Main, SM, PhD'36, has accepted an appointment as research fellow at the Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Institute of Pathology, at Pittsburgh.Florence B. Wickersham of theDoor-Kewannee County Normal Schoolof Algoma, Wisconsin, teaches readingmethods and in addition supervises reading in the grades.1925Mrs. Abe Beck (Ruth HelenBaum) is a resident of Fort Wayne,Indiana.Regena M. Beckmire, AM'32, 366Ravine Drive, Highland Park, Illinois,is teaching at the Deerfield- ShieldsHigh School.Josef L. Hektoen, JD'28, recentlyannounced the removal of his law offices to 1468 First National BankBuilding, Chicago'.Winifred Johnson is teaching atState Teachers College at Cape Girardeau, Missouri. Her title is professor of history.Edwin J. Koch has begun a newpastorate at the Zion Evangelical andReformed Church at Steubenville, Ohio.Albert C. Lavick is assistant manager and director of Swank ProductsInc., jewelry manufacturers, Chicago.Harry F. Meislahn is in the comptroller's office of the Stewart- WarnerCorporation, Chicago.- Blanche S. Nielsen is teaching-geography at the Central High Schoolin Fort Wayne, Indiana.Cline F. Slaughter is generalauditor for the International HarvesterExport Company, with headquarters atRio de Janeiro.Horace S. Strong is assistant chiefdraughtsman for the Universal Winding Company, Providence, R. I.The Discovery and Exploitation ofthe Minnesota Iron Lands (TorchPress, Cedar Rapids, Iowa) is the titleof the latest book written by FremontP. Wirth, professor of the teaching ofhistory and chairman of the Divisionof Social Sciences at George PeabodyCollege for Teachers.1926Winfield E. Aronberg is practicinglaw in New York City, with headquarters at 52 West 58th Street.Morton J. Barnard, JD'27, lawyer,10 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, is amember of the Committee on the Revision of Probate Laws of Illinois for theIllinois State Bar Association and recently read a paper on "Can DetailedProbate Statutes Be Supplanted byRules under the Rule-Making Powerof the Courts?" before the ProbateDivision of the American Bar Association at its annual convention in KansasCity in September. He is also chairman of the Committee on Conflict ofLaws in Probate of ^Probate Divisionfor 1937-38.George Benton is secretary of theBusiness Secretaries Forum, Chicago.Eldon R. Burke, AM, PhD'36, has been at Ball State Teachers Collegesince last fall and is an assistant professor of social sciences.A new faculty at Pennsylvania StateTeachers College at Slippery Rock,Pennsylvania, this semester is WilliamPaul Carter, AM.M. Lucile Harrison, AM'33, ofColorado State College of Education, isassociate professor of kindergarten-primary education and also supervisor inthe laboratory school.Allen Heald, JD'30, lawyer, is withthe National Labor Relations Board inWashington, D. C.During the year the American BookCompany published Harold H. Titus'(PhD) text in ethics entitled Ethicsfor Today. He is professor of philosophy at Denison University.G. R. Vowles, PhD, professor ofGerman at Davidson College since 1925,was guest professor of German at theUniversity of North Carolina this summer. He toured England, France andGermany the summer of 1936 with hisson, Richard.Connecticut State College calledMax R. White, AM'29, PhD'34, tojoin its faculty this year as assistantprofessor of government.Maude Yeoman, AM'31, is teaching at St Mary's Hall, Burlington, NewJersey.1927James J. Cusack, alderman of Chicago's Fifth Ward, spent six weeksabroad this fall.Edith Fisher, AM, has accepted aposition at Moline, Illinois, as programsecretary for younger-girls' work in theY.W.C.A. She has been with theY.W.C.A. in Dubuque, Iowa, for thepast three years.Ivan G. Grimshaw, AM, was recentlyelected president of the alumni of HiramCollege for the greater Cleveland area.He also has an article concerning thework of the church of which he is minister of education in the May issue ofthe Journal of Religious Education.Instructor at the William M. Stewart Training School of the Universityof Utah, Almira M. D. Martin, AM'30, last summer most successfullydirected the fourth session of the experimental play school, which strives toprofitably use leisure time, develop thechildren's individual interests and normal living, and train them to becomea successful member of the socialgroup.E. A. Meinhardt, PhD, is professorof modern languages and literature atWagner College, Staten Island, NewYork.Elizabeth Gordon Norcross is a feature writer for the New York HeraldTribune (under the name of ElizabethGordon.) Also editorial promotionmanager of Good Housekeeping, shecontributes articles to Pictorial Review,Delineator, American Home and Cosmopolitan.The Novel of Adolescence in France;the Study of a Literary Theme, by Justin O'Brien, has recently been published by Columbia University Press. O'Brien took his AM and PhD at Harvard and now is an instructor in romance languages at Columbia.Francis M. Pagan, SM'28, PhD'31,professor and head of the Departmentof Biology at the University of PortoRico, is on sabbatical leave for the current scholastic year and is doing somework on the mosses and liverwurts ofPorto Rico at Yale University.Burton Smith, lawyer, is with theFort Dearborn Mortgage Company, Chicago, in the capacity of general counsel.It's sailing (yawl "Kip") for the likesof Smith.Since September Grace M. Sproull,AM, PhD '37, has been teaching atKent State University.David L. Sternfield is owner andmanager of the Fort Dearborn Grill,Chicago.Edward O. Tudor operates his ownreal estate business from his office at10 South LaSalle Street, Chicago. Hebelongs to both the National Real Estate Board and the Chicago Real EstateBoard.Last September Forrest L. Weller,AM, accepted a teaching position atElizabethtown College located in Eliz-abethtown, Pennsylvania.1928The faculty roll at the University ofFlorida now includes Mary E. Currier,AM.Assistant Dean Carl H. Henrikson of the University of Chicago is onleave of absence to serve as director ofresearch and education for the NationalAssociation of Credit Men.Herman C. Johnson, AM, is nowpastor of the Free Christian Congregational Church of Andover, Maine.An instructor in Latin and Greek,Stella L. Lange, AM, PhD'33, is atSaint Mary's College, Notre Dame, Indiana.Margaret Moore, AM, accepted ateaching position this fall at OuachitaCollege, Arkadelphia, Arkansas.Margaret Albertson Okeson, AM'37 , English instructor at Farragut HighSchool, Chicago, is a member of theFaculty Personnel Council. A perpetualmember of the Chicago Woman's Club,she serves on the education and publicwelfare departments. Among otherclubs to which she belongs are the Chicago College Club, A.A.U.W., and Chicago chapter of the DA.R. At presentshe is working on DA.R. Good Citizenship Pilgrimage CommitteeA recent addition to the faculty ofWellesley College is Elizabeth RogersPayne (Mrs, William F.), AM.^Albert C. Peters, JD'29, is with theBureau of Internal Revenue.Edgar C. Reinke, PhD'34, is nowassistant professor of foreign languagesat Alabama State College for Womenat Montevallo, Alabama.L. C. Sorrell, PhD, of the University of Chicago's School of Business,spent the summer quarter in Europestudying European transportation and'its problems.Emelyn Rowell Webster (Mrs.Milton) is teaching English, socialTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 31nnssnuIN THE BAHAMASFamed among the recreation-seekersof two continents, Nassau combinesa delightfully balmy climate, glamorous beauty, and every modernpastime and comfort, in a melangeof irresistible charm,. •Bathing oncoral beaches ... Fishing and sailingon the turquoise Caribbean . . . Golf,tennis, cycling, horse racing... Allagainst a background of semi-tropicalnovelty, romance and mellow hospitality... Splendid hotels at attractiverates ... And temperatures all winterlong that do not go below a genial 68!For complete information on sailings, recreational features, hotels,costs •• .see your Travel Agent orNASSAU BAHAMASINFORMATION BUREAU30 ROCKEFELLER PLAZA, NEW YORKCOIumbus 5-4213studies and math in the BronxvilleJunior High School, Bronxville, NewYork, and keeping house.Milton Bryant Williams, PhD,nas been diocesan missionary, Diocese0f West Missouri, in charge of severalchurches, and member of the diocesanboard of examining chaplains. Hemakes his home at Marshall, Missouri.1929Mrs. Etta Adair has moved to 202North 14th Street, Fredonia, Kansas.Martin Luther Dolbeer, AM, is onfurlough from India, and may bereached at 1134 North Woodlawn Avenue, Springfield, Ohio.J. L. Duflot, AM, professor of sociology, reports that the subject is anelective at West Texas State Collegeand that the number of students registered for sociology has increased from50 to 110. While he hasn't done anyresearch or writing of importance, hehas concentrated on studying and intensive teaching, trying to get his students interested in ideas and critical reflection. For diversion he turns to beautifying the home place, acting as manager of the Canyon Country Club, shooting golf under 80 and lecturing to civicclubs upon timely topics of the day. Recently he gave a, series of lectures onpersonality 'adjustments of case studieswhich have come under his observationto a Woman's Home Economics Clubat Plainview, Texas.Maurice L. Gordon is with S. E.Overton Company, Mfg., South Haven,Michigan.Harriet A. Gorman, AM'37, whotaught for a number of years at theMorgan Park High School, is now principal of the Ward Elementary Schoolof Chicago.Lucile C. Hartmann, AM, is at theMississippi State College for Womenat Columbus as a dietition and assistant professor.Elbert L. Little, PhD, is assistantforest ecologist at the SouthwesternForest and Range Experiment Stationat Flagstaff, Arizona.Alphild Nelson is secretary to thevice-president of Wilson and Company,Chicago.Harold L. Ward, 2380 Lincoln Avenue, Chicago, is practicing law.William Lindsay Young was inaugurated as president of Park Collegelast fall.1930Henning J. Anderson, AM, principal of the Graveraet High School,Marquette, Michigan, is specially interested in the administration of a $100,-000.00 Endowment Rund used for ly-ceum numbers, scholarships, and awardsin high school. He is active in themayor's city planning and beautificationwork, is president of the local LionsClub, and was recently appointed deputy district govern of the Lions Clubs(Upper Peninsula of Michigan). Ananimal flash-light photography enthusiast, he has very successfully photographed deer, beaver, and bear.Ruth M. Campbell, AM, is with theRocky Mountain Regional Conference as Y.W.C.A. business-girls' secretaryunSalt Lake City, Utah.Caste and Class in a Southern Townis the title of John Dollard's (AM,PhD'31) study of the social and emotional life of a very small communityin the deep South, published by theYale University Press for the Instituteof Human Relations.Montana X. Faber recently accepted a position as secretary to Dr.George A. Harrop, director of researchof E. R. Squibb & Sons and head ofthe new biological laboratory which isnow in the process of being built ofglass bricks at New Brunswick, NewJersey. At present, Miss Faber is located in Greenwich Village, 123 West13th Street, New York City.Louise Forsyth is secretary to Walter O. Caldwell, Jr., investments, Chicago.Brandon H. Grove, PhD'34, and hiswife, Helen Julia Gasparska, GS'27,are making their home at Spitalerstrasse12, Hamburg 1, Germany.William Ladanyi is vice-presidentof the Vienna Sausage ManufacturingCompany, Chicago.Dorothy Leggitt, AM'33, is nowliving in Claytown, Missouri, where sheis teaching at the Wydown School.Leo C. Rosten has recently publishedtwo outstanding books, the first writtenunder the pen name of Leonard Q. Ross,is The Education of Hyman Kaplan,one of Chicago's recent best sellers, andthe second is The Washington Correspondents, a significant study of theWashington press corps. Rosten andhis wife, Priscilla Mead, '33, are living at 257 South Crescent Drive, Beverly Hills, California, where he is writing for the movies.The author of "A Comparative Studyof Scales Constructed bv Three Psychological Methods" in the Psycho Metrikafor September, 1937, is Milton Saffir,PhD'35, now with the Bureau of ChildStudy of the Chicago Board of Education.George Henry Scherer, PhD, hasreturned from Beyrouth, Syria, and isat 400 West Burnside Street, Portland,Oregon.Charles A. Rovetta, MBA'37, hasbeen appointed instructor in accountingat the University of Chicago. He willalso serve as adviser to students in business courses at University College.1931Aerol Arnold, AM'33, PhD'37, isteaching at Northwestern University.His title is instructor in English.Mrs. Stephen Beames <(Sinah Kit-zing), 103 Sunnyside Avenue, Piedmont, California, is "working with theOxford Group Movement for a moralregeneration of America.George E. Berg, AM, has moved to2654 Garland Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio.Glenn O. Emick, AM, is Corps AreaEducational Adviser for the CCC, withheadquarters at Columbus, Ohio.Arthur A. Engel is on the Chicagostaff of the Washington Post.Paul E. Feldman, who finished hismedical work at the University of Illi- FREE Correspondence Course inFUNDAMENTAL ECONOMICSAND SOCIAL PHILOSOPHYWrite for descriptive booklet 13HENRY GEORGE SCHOOLOF SOCIAL SCIENCEChartered by University of State of N. Y.JOHN DEWEY, Honorary President211 West 79th Street, New York Citynois School of Medicine in 1936, is atthe State Hospital, Manteno, Illinois.Mary Cameron Kennedy, AM, hasbeen teaching at the Riverdale CountyDay School for Girls, Riverdale-on-Hudson, New York, since September.J. K. Kloehr is assistant to the director of publicity of John Morrell andCompany, packers, Ottumwa, Iowa.From Kearney, Nebraska, comes anote from Minnie E. Larson, AM,who is teaching art at the local StateTeacher's College.Robert Limpus, AM, PhD'37, is atMichigan State College this year as anEnglish instructor.Gerald R. May is an accountant withLever Brothers Company, Hammond,Indiana.Marguerite McNall of Chicagodanced with Erika Thimey's group atthe Goodman Theatre on Sunday evening, October 10. Previously she hasperformed with the Paul DunsingGroup (1936) and Diane Huebert'sgroup (April, 1937).Yasuo Mizoguchi, AM, is a professor in Kobe College, Nishinomiya,32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJapan. In 1935 his book, Taboo andDiscrimination in Japanese Social History, was published.Henriette C. K. Naeseth, PhD, ishead of the Department of English ofAugustana College, Rock Island, Illinois.Horace H. Roseberry, SM, may befound in Athens, Ohio, where he isteaching at Ohio University.Dorothy M. Schullian, PhD, holdsan honorary teaching fellowship inclassics at WTestern Reserve University,Cleveland, Ohio.Anna A. Stafford, SM, PhD'33, isin the mathematics department at theUniversity of Utah.John M. V. Stevenson has been aninstructor in German and English(creative writing and senior college-preparatory) in the Lincoln Senior Highat Manitowoc, Wisconsin, since 1931.He coaches tennis and fencing. Hishobbies include his library of some2,000 volumes, music (piano), writing,fencing, tennis, and swimming.Irene Teagarden, now principal ofthe Tripoli Girls' School, Tripoli, Syria,is much interested in the organizationof the Near-East Home Economics Association1932Dorothy Fahs Beck, AM, associatesocial economist, is with the CentralStatistical Board in Washington, D. C.Robert A. Bentley, AM, is nowserving the Alemeda Park CommunityChurch, Portland, Oregon. The Bent-leys have a baby girl, Katherine Louise,born May 14, 1937.Lucille E. Beutel, AM, is teachingat the Junior High School, Rockford,Illinois.Margaret M. Browne, AM, of theWychwood School of Westfield, NewJersey, is head of the Social Scienceand Spanish Departments.Ezra John Camp, SM, PhD'35, isunder appointment at Macalester College, St. Paul, Minnesota, as associateprofessor.Raymond V. Cradit, AM, is associate professor of business organizationand acting chairman of the departmentof business at Central YMCA College,Chicago.William L. Grimes is with the costaccounting department of R. R. Donnelley, Chicago.Lowell S. Hebbard is with the Inland Lime & Stone Company, Manis-tique, Michigan.E. Roscoe Jones, Chicago attorney,is also teaching taxation at DePaul University.W. A. Lessing is in the industrial relations department of the Commonwealth Edison Company, Chicago.Lawrence A. Page, AM, is head ofthe Social Studies Department of theF. J. Reitz High School of Evansville, Indiana. Extracurricular activitiesinclude chess, golf and good books. Thelocal Schoolmen's Club recently electedhim president.Ray G. Price, AM, is director ofcommercial teachers training at theUniversity of Cincinnati. Louis N. Ridenour, Jr., who received his doctorate at California Institute of Technology in 1935, is now aninstructor at Princeton University.Norman Rieger is a cost estimator inthe manufacturing division of the Western Electric Company.John H. Tiernan, Jr., insurancesalesman, is the newly-elected presidentof Hyde Park village, the resident men'sorganization of the Hyde Park Y. M. C.A. of Chicago. He is working for theIllinois Central System.Ammon B. Turner, AM, is assistantpostmaster and manager of drug storeat Long Point, Illinois.* A candid camera fan, he has recently acquired a Wel-tini camera with a F :2 lens with whichhe is doing a good deal of work.Returning to Manteno, Illinois, lastsummer aiter being married to MarieSulahian in Cairo, Egypt, K. H. Tut-unjian, MD, has resumed his neuropsychiatry practice. His paper on "Myositis Ossificans" was published in TheJournal of Bone and Joint Surgery forApril, 1937.1933R. W. Baldwin, PhD, is now head ofthe Department of Economics and Business of the University of Houston,Houston, Texas.W. A. Bellstrom is assistant salesmanager of the ice cream department ofSwift and Company.Albert Blumenthal, PhD, is nowconnected with Marietta College, Ohio.Margaret E. Brown has sent usword that she is now Mrs. IngemannClausen and is living in Rock Island,Illinois.Richard H. Deutsch, JD'35, ispracticing law in Chicago.Dobbs Frederick Ehlman, PhD,pastor of the Second Evangelical andReformed Church at Indianapolis, Indiana, recently published a book calledThe Religious Aim and Human Perplexity.Winton V. Hanson is a travelingfreight and passenger agent for theWestern Pacific R. R. Company.L. Wendell Hayes is now on thefaculty of Grinnell College (Iowa).Michael J. Lampos, AM, is a member of the teaching staff of the StateCollege of Washington located at Pullman.Formerly assistant to the secretary ofthe University of Chicago, Keith I.Parsons, JD'37, is now with the lawfirm of Defrees, Buckingham, Jones andHoffman, 105 South La Salle Street,Chicago.Mr. and Mrs. J. Wilbur Prenticestate that India has been most interesting in the past year because of the political changes caused by the generalelections carried on after an active campaign by the Indian Congress people.There is much dissatisfaction and always the possibility of something unexpected happening.A. C. Posander, PhD, is a statisticianfor the U. S. Bureau of Labor in Washington, D. C.Adolph A. Rund is with Swift &Company, Philipsburg, Pa. Clara Rynder, AM, formerly at theRoosevelt Junior High School of Aberdeen, South Dakota, accepted a positionthis fall at the Junior High school ofMarinette, Wisconsin.Harold E. Voigt is a geologist forthe Shasta Oil Company, Midland,Texas.William N. Walling is an underwriter with the Connecticut GeneralLife Insurance Company, Chicago.Velma Whipple continues her workas guide-lecturer at the Field Museumof Natural History and is still as enthusiastic as ever about photography,Girl Scouts, and camping as an educational institution.1934Arthur B. B.erthold, AM, is a bibliographer for the Union Library Catalogue of Philadelphia.Elliott H. Birds all began a newpastorate at the United Church at Kenton, Manitoba, on July 1.Robert J. Chapel is with the AcmeCard System Company, Chicago.Along with his work as assistant professor of history and acting head of thedepartment at Allegheny College,Rogers P. Churchill, PhD', is working on a guide in European history since1914 and also on a book on diplomatichistory.Lita Dickerson has been elected thefirst president of the National AlumnaeAssociation of Frances Shimer College,Mount Carroll, Illinois.Charles B. Frost is owner of awholesale funeral supply business, at Allegan, Michigan.Ulys R. Gore, PhD, recently accepted a position as assistant agronomistat the Georgia Experiment Station.After spending the summer in Berlin, Helen Hiett is now studying at theLondon School of Economics.Donald R. Kerr, JD'36, is with thelaw firm of Seago, Bradley & McRoy,Chicago.Irvill Courtney King and his wife,Bonnie Bess Worline, '35, are livingat 1047 Conkey Street, Hammond, Indiana, where Mr. King has a position atBrooks House.Fay Kirtland, AM, is now connected with the Dale County Schools ofOzark, Alabama.Madison A. Kuhn, AM, is now atMichigan State College.Hedvig E. Marcum, AM'35, teachesaccounting at Lindblom High School,Chicago.Allan Marin is advertising directorand sales manager for Dr. Peter Fahr-ney & Sons Company, Chicago.Elbert Marlowe is with the Universal Oil Products Company at Riverside, Illinois.Henry Mick is one of twelve whowere appointed to a council of theological education in connection with thetheological training within the entireUnited Church of Canada.Donald P. MacMillan is teachingin the Department of Chemistry at Montana State College at Bozeman.Vincent P. Quinn, AM, is now atIllinois Wesleyan University.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 33Alice L. Ralston, AM, resignedfrom the Lincoln School, Bartlesville,Oklahoma, to accept a teaching positionat Illinois State Normal University atNormal.Wayne E. Rapp is working for theWalker Manufacturing Company, Cleveland, Ohio.Waldo A. Rigal is employed in theoffice of the Mailing Division of theChicago Post Office, and informs us thatin 1935 he and his wife spent threemonths in Europe, visiting Funchal,Madeira; Rock of Gibraltar; LaLinea(where the Spanish civil war broke outa few months later), Malaga, Spain;Monte Carlo ; Nice ; and all the important cities in Italy, where his knowledgeof romance languages came in veryhandy.Gilbert Kelly Robinson, PhD, hasaccepted a position as professor of sociology and philosophy at Central College, Fayette, Missouri.Oswald K. Sagen, PhD, is assistantprofessor of mathematics at the University of Maryland. He had an article inThe American Journal of Mathematicsfor January, 1937. Its title was "Integers Represented by Ternary QuadraticForms."John D. Scheffer, PhD, of MontanaState University, is an instructor ofEnglish.Donald F. Schumacher, JD'36, hasbecome associated with the law firm ofShearer and Sears, Old Second NationalBank Building, Aurora, Illinois. Previously he had been employed at theHartford Accident and Indemnity Company in Chicago.Madelaine F. Strong is in NewYork City at present and is living at theInternational House.Harley P. Tripp, PhD, is professorof chemistry and biology, at SneedJunior College, Boaz, Alabama.Charles Vette is teaching at the Du-Page Business College, Wheaton, 111.George H. Wrighte is in the accounting division of the Western Electric Company, Chicago.1935Marian A. Bailey, SM, this fall assumed her new teaching duties at RhodeIsland State College. Formerly shetaught at West Virginia Wesleyan University.Harold Barnes who is studyingItalian and teaching English at the University of Rome called at the EditorialOffice while enjoying a six weeks vacation in this country. He has returnedto Rome for further study.Simon Bauer, PhD, is with the Mineral Industries Research Laboratory atState College, Pennsylvania.Ruth M. Beck is secretary to thescenario editor of the Atlas EducationalFilm Company, Chicago.Hermann C. Bowersox, AM'36, hasgone to Beloit College to teach. .Frank D. Bryan is in the accounting department of the American Steeland Wire Company, Fredericktown, Pa.John C. Curry is an investmentcounselor in Chicago.Charles T. Dwyer is now in the Re- "»n Stye tjnitiertfitp of Cfticafto||p umvcRsrep coixeGeIN THE LOOPPUBLIC LECTURESWinter Quarter, Doivntown, the Art InstituteFICTION— 5 lecturesTUESDAYS6:45 to 7:45 P. M.WEDNESDAYS6:45 to 7:45 P. M.FRIDAYS6:45 to 7:45 P. M.MONDAYS7:00 to 9:00 P. M. byCONTEMPORARY AMERICANNapier Wilt (Jan 11 to Feb. 8).MEDIEVAL ROMANCE. MODERN POETRY AND MUSIC—5 lectures (with slides) by Wm. A. Nitze (Feb. 15 to Mar. 15).THE CONFLICTING CULTURES OF CHINA AND JAPAN—5 lectures by Sunder Joshi (Jan. 12 to Feb. 9).AFRICAN MUSIC: A STUDY IN RHYTHM— 5 illustratedlectures by Laura C. Boulton (Feb. 16 to Mar. 16).HORMONES AND VITAMINS— 10 illustrated lectures byFred C. Koch (Jan. 14 to Mar. 18).*PATENT LAW IN ITS RELATION TO THE INVENTOR—10 lecture-conferences by Benjamin B. Schneider (Jan. 10to Mar. 14). Given at 18 S. Michigan Avenue.Series 5 lectures, $1.50; single admission, 50c (tax exempt).^Informal course — series of io sessions, $io. No single admissionFor Tickets and Complete Announcement of Public Lectures addressDEAN, CNIVERSITY COLLEGE18 S. Michigan Avenue Phone : Dearborn 3673LIBRARY SCHOOLLIBRARY SCHOOL209 S. State St., Chicago, III.Preparatory course for public Librarian.Practical book courses for positions inRental Libraries and book stores.Register Mon. to Fri. II a. m. to 4 p. m.SPECIAL SCHOOLELIZABETH HULL SCHOOLForRETARDED CHILDRENBoarding and Day Pupils5046Greenwood Ave TelephoneDrexel 1188gional Credit Department (Chicago)of the Commercial Credit Company.Swimming and playing water polo atthe Illinois Athletic Club are his sports.Ralph O. Earlandson is with theCarnegie Illinois Steel Corporation andis living at 333 Grant Street, Gary, Ind.William Emery, JD'37, is with thelaw firm of Hopkins, Starr & Godman,110 South Dearborn, Chicago.George Factor is with the Kansas CO-EDUCATIONAL SCHOOLThe Midway School6216 Kimbark Ave. Tel. Dorchester 3299Elementary Grades — High SchoolPreparation — KindergartenFrench, Music and ArtBUS SERVICEA School with Individual Instruction andCultural AdvantagesSECRETARIAL SCHOOLSIntensive Stenographic CourseFOR COLLEGE MEN & WOMEN100 Words a Minute in 100 Days As- jl,sured for one Fee. Enroll NOW. Day wCclasses only — Begin Jan., Apr., Julywid Oct. Write or Phone Ban. 1575.,18 S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO^IMac Cormac SchoolCommerce ofBusiness Administration and SecretarialTrainingDAY AND EVENING CLASSESAccredited by the National Association of Accredited Commercial Schools.1170 E. 63rd St. H. P. 2130Whatever you doShorthand will be useful to you.Learn GREGGthe world's fastest shorthand.THE GREGG PUBLISHING COMPANY6 North Michigan Ave. Chicago34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECity Branch of Brunswick-Balke,Cal-lender.O. W. Funkhouser, AM, was electedprincipal of the Amboy (Illinois) Township High School recently.Benjamin Gould, JD'37, has a position in the law office of HaroldSchradzke, 33 North La Salle, Chicago.Alfred Ernst Haefner, PhD, isprofessor of Greek at Wartburg College,Waverly, Iowa.Floyd Harper, Jr., has accepted aposition with the U. S. Rubber ProductsCompany, Mishawaka, Indiana.W. M. Hugill, PhD, assistant professor in the Department of Classics ofthe University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,Canada, is the author of an essay entitled, "The Last Appeal of Aristophanes" contained in the volume ManitobaEssays commemorating the jubilee anniversary of the University of Manitoba,1937, and published last November bythe Macmillan Company of Canada.Vernon D. Keeler, PhD, of FresnoState College, California, is on the statecurricular and coordination committeeand also acts as guidance advisor. Hehas published An Economic History ofJackson County Iron Industry.Henry Lytton is a commodity analyst with the International StatisticalBureau, New York.Robert I. Martens, PhD, acceptedan appointment recently as researchchemist in the National Bureau ofStandards, Washington, D. C.Dugald S. McDougall, JD'37, isnow associated with Brown, Fox andBlumberg, 231 South La Salle Street,Chicago.Last summer Mayer Oberman wasawarded the Juilliard Foundation'sChautauqua scholarship under MischaMischakofT. This is his second year ofstudying the violin under MischakofT.In the summer of 1936 when Obermandecided to give up the study of medicinefor the violin, he played for MischakofT,who gave him a scholarship, and at theend of one year's work played at Orchestra Hall in the American Conservatory Commencement program. Mr. MischakofT complimenting him on accomplishing in one year what would ordinarily be difficult in three. Address himat 415 W. 57th St., New York City.Irwin E. Perlin, PhD, is an instructor at Armour Institute of Technology.As a pre-service fellow in public administration at the University of Minnesota Leonard Reichle last year studiedsuch specialized courses such as publicutilities, shelter and city planning, etc.,all built around a seminar in public administration, and this year was ap-pointed^ as one of the Tennessee ValleyAuthority two internes in public administration. This interneship program isa combination work and study plan designed to give as thorough as possiblea picture of the forms, procedures, andtechniques of public administration asfound in TVA.John W. Rice is „an investment analyst with the American National Bankand Trust Company, Chicago.Harold Saffir is now an employeof the Anesthetic Guild, Chicago. John M. Schneider, PhD, has accepted a position with the NiagaraSprayer and Chemical Company, Mid-dleport, New York.Allen Sinsheimer, JD'37, is working for Philip Weinstein, Chicago attorney, 127 West Madison Street.Waldemar A. Solf, JD'37, is working for J. O. McKiernan, Chicago attorney at law, 19 South LaSalle Street.W. Carl Thomas is in the sales department of the Burroughs Adding Machine Company at Dallas.Hubert Will, JD'37, and Orin S.Thiel, JD'37, have started the firm ofThiel & Will, Realty Building, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.1936Randolph Bean, Jr., is a productionassistant in- the radio department ofBenton & Bowles, New York.Myron Borovik is with D. B. Lesserand Company, Chicago.Carl L. Byerly, AM, is living inElmhurst, Illinois, where he is principalof the Roosevelt School.Thomas M. Cutt, PhD, is at theWebb School, in Bell Buckle, Tennessee.Instructor John E. Davis, PhD, isa member of the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology at the University of Alabama.Joel P. Dean, PhD, is with McKinsey, Wellington and Company, businessconsultants, Chicago.Lydia Fischer is in the statisticaldepartment of Graham & Company,stock brokers, Chicago.Harold H. Grothaus, MBA, is asalesman for Bauer and Black, Chicago.One more Chicagoan, Wayland D.Hand, PhD, has joined the ranks ofLos Angeles alumni. Hand is teachingGerman at the University of California.Max H. Harrison has been called tothe principalship of a mission college inBangalore, India.Lucy Hutchins, PhD, professor ofLatin at Blue Mountain College, BlueMountain, Mississippi, taught Greekand Latin at the University of Mississippi this summer.Robert T. Kesner is with the VickChemical Company, 122 East 42ndStreet, New York City.A newly appointed member of theWinona State Teachers College staff isEdna R. Leake, AM.Rex E. Lidov, PhD, is working forthe General Fuel Engineering Companyof Detroit, Michigan.Louis R. Miller, JD'37, is employedby the Chicago law organization ofGardner, Carton and Douglas, whoseoffices are at 33 South Clark Street.Lester J. Newquist is an investmentanalyst with Brown Brothers, Harrimanand Company, New York.Alfred Novak teaches science atCarl Schurz High School, Chicago.C. Marcus Olson, PhD, is a research chemist in the Krebs PigmentDivision of du Pont de Nemours andCompany of Baltimore, Maryland.As for hobbies and recreation, AlicePadgett, AM, of Washington, D. C,enjoys travel, the theater, and homes (visiting new developments and replannig old places). She is an instructorin child welfare at the Catholic University of America.Donald D. Parker, DB, PhD, maybe reached at Park College, Parkville,Missouri, during the school year.Harold Persky has a job with thePhoenix Dye Works, Chicago.Harold F. Redman is office managerfor L. A. Cohn and Brothers, Incorporated, Chicago.Since September William F. Roert-gen, AM, has been teaching at GroveCity College, Pennsylvania.Helen D. Schroeder, AM,^4s^at theEcole Normale d'institutrices de St.Brieuc, St. Brieuc, France.Roswell P. Snead, MBA, is an instructor in business subjects at VirginiaPolytechnic Institute.James C. Stauffacher, PhD, ofStephens College, wrote an article on"The Effect of Induced Muscular Tension Upon Various Phases of the Learning Process" for the July, 1937, numberof the Journal of Experimental Psychology.Kenneth M. Thompson is an accountant for the Western Electric Company, Chicago.H. H. Waggoner, AM, assistant inEnglish at Ohio State University, isworking toward his doctorate at thesame time.Now at the College of William &Mary, Roger R. Walterhouse, PhD,is an instructor in English.William H. Weaver is scheduleclerk for rolling orders for the hot millsof the Acme Steel Company. His avocations include work in the Field Artillery Reserve, gun collecting, horsebackriding and motoring.Jeanette Wilson teaches in an elementary school in Dolton, Illinois, andis continuing her graduate work at University College. This past summer shejoined the trailer campers and studiedthe trees, flowers, shrubs and birds ofthe Indiana dunes area.1937Robert P. Adams, PhD, is- a new addition to the faculty at Michigan StateCollege at East Lansing.Alice Armfield, AM, began herteaching duties at Olivet College, Michigan, this autumn.E. L. Ballou is with the SecurityTrust and Savings Bank, Storm Lake,Iowa.Stephan S. Barat is with the Wilbur Ellis Company, Board of Trade,Chicago.Gustave Barshefsky is a researchengineer for Elmendorf Corporation ofChicago.Edward M. Bartlett, Jr., is with thesales department of the Rheem Manufacturing Company, Southgate, Calif.Henry Bluestone is a laboratory assistant at Wright Junior College ofChicago.Norbert Burgess is a salesman forthe Sanford Manufacturing Company ofChicago.Jack Bracken is teaching at Cran-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 35brook School, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.Anton S. Cannon is director of Latter Day Saints Institute at Snow College, Ephraim, Utah.Marvin Channon is with the firm ofJulius V. Wise, Chicago.At present Harold de Montfort,first lieutenant, is on active duty atChunchula, Alabama, in command ofthe 1485th Company and Camp.Watson Dickerman, AM, is doingresearch work with the American Association for Adult Education, 60' EastForty-Second Street, New York.Richard P. Draine is with the Kemper Insurance Group, Chicago.Thomas Eadie moved to Cumberland, Maryland to accept a position withthe Celanese Corporation of America.William M. Foord is with the Lumberman's Mutual Casualty Company,Chicago.Arthur L. Funk, AM, is now inEasthampton, Massachusetts, teachingat Williston Academy.Kenneth F. Gantz now resides inSan Marcos, Texas, and teaches at theSouthwestern Texas State TeachersCollege in that city.William J. Gillerlain is workingfor Poole Brothers, Chicago printers.Melvin A. Goldberg, PhD, is withD. B. Lesser and Company, 1347 SouthAshland Avenue, Chicago.Sheldon Goldman is now employedby the Podbielniak Laboratories, Chicago.Sheffield Gordon is now in Bloomington, Illinois, where he has a job withthe Chicago & Alton Railroad Company.Maurine Happ, MBA, is doing secretarial work in the office of the president and general manager of the ScottBurr Stores Corporation.On a round the world trip this year,Jeannette Heffron was in Japan fora month and while there attended theInternational Educational Conferencein Tokyo. As the only white representative of the U. of C. at the University of Chicago Reunion Luncheon,she was immediately adopted by theJapanese. From the time she and hermother left Chicago up until November8 when they were taking their departurefrom India, they had gone through threeearthquakes, a typhoon and a bit ofwar around Canton, China.Charity R. Hillis, AM, may be addressed at Holland Hall, Tulsa, Oklahoma.Lindsay M. Hobbs, PhD candidate,is a DuPont Doctorate fellow at theUniversity of Chicago.Catherine A. Janssen is in the forecasting division of Swift and Company,Chicago.Marshall D. Ketchum, PhD, is associate professor of economics at UtahState College, Logan, Utah.Nathan H. Koenig has recently accepted an appointment as laboratory assistant in the Chemistry Department atthe Central Y. M. C. A. College andWill continue part-time work toward anadvanced degree at the University ofChicago. Adams Krol is with Albert Burleyand Company, Chicago.Arthur LeVey, PhD, assistant professor of romance languages, is at Oklahoma College for Women at Chickasha.Alden R. Loosli is enjoying hiswork at the Calco Chemical Companyof Bound Brook, New Jersey.Donald M. Mackenzie, AM, movedto Mitchell, South Dakota, this fall toteach at Dakota Wesleyan University.John Mathieu, now working forGeneral Electric Company, lives at 1River Road, Schenectady, N. Y.Since the beginning of the schoolyear, Herman Lewis Meyer, SM, hasbeen at Bowling Green State University,Ohio.James A. Miller, PhD, was one ofthe new additions this semester to theUniversity of Michigan faculty.Donald F. Mulvihill, AM, is nowan assistant in English at the Universityof Illinois.Jacob Ochstein is with GeneralElectric Company, Schenectady, NewYork.Athan A. Pantsios, PhD candidate,holds an Eli Lilly Fellowship in theDepartment of Chemistry at the University of Chicago.E. Grosvenor Plowman, PhD, is anexecutive of the Gates Rubber Company, Denver.Lois Purcell teaches commercialtraining at Fox Secretarial College,Chicago.Richard M. Rohn is with the Kemper Insurance Company, Chicago.Elaine C. Schmidt is in the retaildivision of Marshall Field and Company.Thomas F. Scully, JD, has joinedthe law firm of Kirkland, Fleming,Green, Martin and Ellis, 33 North LaSalle Street, Chicago.Loyd S. Sherwood is working forthe Goodrich Rubber Company in LosAngeles.Edward K. Smith is an auditor forGeneral Mills, Inc., Minneapolis.Charles Springate, AM, is a commercial teacher at East High School,Des Moines.Chester M. Surdyk is a cost accountant for the Concrete EngineeringCorporation.Alice H. Tanner (Mrs. S. E.Read), PhD, is an Eli Lilly DoctorateFellow at the University of Chicago.Sheldon A. Taylor is working forthe Sherwin-Williams Company, Chicago.Myron H. Vent is now principal ofthe Empire (Michigan) High School —located in the heart of the Orchard district in Leelenan County, borderingLake Michigan.Roy Warshawsky is a manager ofstores for Warshawsky and Company,auto parts and accessories, Chicago.a Clarence Wright is a field man investigator for the General Electric Contracts Corporation in Chicago.SOCIAL SERVICEA large number of Social ServiceAdministration alumni were present atthe conference of the American Public BUSINESSDIRECTORYAMBULANCE SERVICEBOYDSTON BROS.Emergency 'phones OAK. 0492-0493operatingAuthorized Ambulance Servicefor Billings HospitalUniversity Clinics, etc.24 hour service.ARTIFICIAL LIMBSBARDACH-SCHOENE CO.102 South Canal St.Phone Central 9710Artificial Legs and ArmsComfort and ServiceGUARANTEEDASBESTOSA UNIVERSITY FAVORITEK. & M.FEATHERWEIGHT85% MagnesiaUniform and light in weight. Moredead air cells. Better insulation.KEASBEY & MATTISON CO.205 W. Wacker Drive Ran. 6951AUTOMOBILE SALEfor Economical TransportationKiLEVROLET'SALES SERVICEJ. D. Levin '19 Pres.PASSENGER CARS - TRUCKSModern Service StationDREXEL CHEVROLET CO.4733 Cottage GroveDREXEL 3121AWNINGSPhones Oakland 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.,INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove Avenue36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBOILER REPAIRINGBEST BOILER REPAIR &WELDING CO.BOILER REPAIRING AND WELDING24 HOUR SERVICE1408 S. Western Ave. Tel. Canal 6071JOSEPH A. RICHBOILER REPAIRINGWelding and Cutting1414 East 63 rd StreetTelephone Hyde Park 9574BONDSP. H. Davis, 'II. H. I. Markham, 'Ex. '06R. W. Davis, '16 W. M. Giblin, '23F. B. Evans, 'IIPaul H. Davis & Co.Members ,New York Stock ExchangeChicago Stock Exchange10 So. La Salle St. Franklin 8622BOOKSMEDICAL BOOKSof All PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andall New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEAKMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical CollegeBUILDING CONSTRUCTIONW. L. LYNCHCOMPANYBUILDING CONSTRUCTION208 So. La Salle StreetCHICAGOCATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900— 0901Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882 Welfare Association held in Washington, D. C, December tenth and eleventh,including a large number of graduatesand former students now working inor from Washington, most of whom areconnected with the United States Children's Bureau, the Social SecurityBoard and the WPA. Members of thefaculty present included Misses Edithand Grace Abbott, Miss Breckinridge,Mr. McMillen, Miss Agnes Van Driel,now in Washington in charge of theeducational program of the Social Security Board, Mr. Frank Bane, Secretary of the Social Security Board, andMr. Fred Hoehler, Director of theAmerican Public Welfare "Association.Grace Browning, AM, '34, assistantprofessor of social service administration, recently spoke at the ColoradoState Conference on the subject of "CaseWork in Rural Areas."Fifteen of the students from the stateof Washington taking graduate work inthe School of Social Service Administration and the faculty of the Schoolhad as honor guests at dinner on Monday, December sixth, Mr. Charles F.Ernst, director of the Department ofSocial Security, and Mr. Lew Selvidge,executive secretary of the County Commissioners of the State of Washington.Some of the students receiving theA. M. degree in 1937 who have takenpositions recently are as follows : HelenWilson has taken a position in theUtah State Department of Public Welfare in Salt Lake City; ElizabethWilson has accepted a position on thestaff of the Immigrants ProtectiveLeague of Chicago; Eunice Harkey,formerly visiting teacher in the Kalamazoo, Michigan, public schools hastaken a position as child welfare consultant in the Kansas Department of Social Welfare.Mrs. Elizabeth Merriam Schmidt,AM, '35, is spending a year in Rio DeJaneiro, Brazil, where she will make astudy of social work in Brazil.Mr. Ernest F. Witte, PhD. '32, isthe director of the newly establishedGraduate School of Social Work at theUniversity of Nebraska at Lincoln.RUSH1877Leslie C. Lane, MD, limits his practice to charity cases. He has served asa special representative of the OrdnanceDepartment, U. S. Army Civil Section,and as U. S. pension examiner. Address him at 3101 Second Avenue South,Minneapolis.1885George Deacon, MD, of 1475 CasaGrande Street, Pasadena, California,continues his general medical and surgical practice but has turned over thenight to younger men. He is a memberof the staff of Huntington Memorialand St. Luke's Hospitals of Pasadena.1901J. C. Petrovitsky, MD, spent hissummer in Northern Minnesota fishing.He continues practicing in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. CEMENT CONTRACTORSLET US DO YOURCEMENT WORKG. A. GUNGGOLLCOMPANYConcrete Contractors for 35 Years6417 SO. PARK AVE.Telephone Normal 0434H. BORGESONPhone Avenue 4028 P. OSTERGAARDPhone Albany 6511"O.K." Construction & Mfg. Oo.LICENSEDCement ContractorsGarbage ContainersCement Garden FurniturePHONEAVENUE 4028 4328 BELMONT AVENUECHICAGO. ILL.T. A. REHNQUIST CO.CEMENT SIDEWALKSCONCRETE FLOORSTelephoneBEVERLY 0890FOR AN ESTIMATE ANYWHERECHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, '12B. R. Harris, '21Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6COALEASTMAN COAL CO.Established 19027 YARDSALL OVER TOWNmain office r252 West 69th StreetTelephone Wentworth 3215JAMES COAL CO.ESTABLISHED 1888YARDS58th & Halsted Sts. Phone Normal 280081st & Wallace Sts. Phone Radcliffe 8000Wasson-PocahontasCoal Co.6876 South Chicago Ave.Phones: Wentworth 8620-1-2-3-4Wasson's Coal Makes Good — or —Wasson DoesTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 37COFFEE -TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209-13 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1350Boston— New York— Philadelphia— SyracuseCUT STONEOfficePI one Radcliffe 5988 ResidencePhone Beverly 9208ZIMMERMAN CUT STONE CO.Cut — Planed— Turned — StoneHigh - GradeBuildins- Rubbles - F|ag Stone - Garden Rocks55 East 89th Place Chicago, IllinoisELECTRICAL CONTRACTORSMEADE ELECTRICCOMPANY, INC.ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORSWIRING FOR LIGHT & POWER3252Franklin Blvd. TelephoneKedzie 5070ELECTROLYSISHAIR REMOVED FOREVER17 Years' ExperienceFREE CONSULTATIONLOTTIE A. METCALFEGraduate NurseALSOELECTROLYSIS EXPERTMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused.Permanent removal of Hair from Face,Eyebrows, Back of Neck or any partof Body; destroys 200 to 600 Hair Rootsper hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Member American Assn. Medical Hydrology andPhysical Therapy and III. Chamber of Commerce$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705, Stevens Bldg.1 7 No. State St.ELECTRIC SIGNSFEDERAL NEONSIGNS•FEDERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYCLAUDE NEON FEDERAL CO.8700 South State Street•W. D. Krupke, '19Vice-president 1902Obstetrics is the specialty of HarryW. Vinson, MD, of Ottumwa, Iowa,who is a past president of both theWapello County Medical Society andthe Des Moines Valley Medical Association. Dr. Vinson tells us he has agrandson born March 23, 1937. Whenhis medical work is finished for the day,he enjoys music and taking colored moving pictures.1908Col. Arthur E. Lord of Piano, surgeon general of Illinois, was recentlyelected president of the Association ofMilitary Surgeons of the United States.He is the first Illinois physician to headthe organization in forty-one years.1912On Irving F. Stein's (MD) fiftiethbirthday on September 19, 1937, he washonored by a testimonial dinner at theDrake Hotel, attended by a hundred colleagues and friends. Dr. Stein is associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the Northwestern UniversityMedical School and is attending physician at Michael Reese Hospital. Hisoffice is located at 310 South MichiganAvenue, Chicago.1913Active in civic work in his commu-ity Earle G. Johnson, MD, has beenpresident of the Grand Island (Nebraska) Chamber of Commerce, on the Salvation Army Board, chairman of theexecutive staff of Boy Scouts and vicechairman of the State Boy Scouts, inaddition to serving on the Board of Education of the Grand Island Schools.For sports he chooses golf and fishing.1914Julian F. D-uBois, MD, of SaukCenter, Minnesota, is secretary of theState Board of Medical Examiners.1915Lyman A. Copps, '13, MD, limits hispractice in Marshfield, Wisconsin, toeye, ear, nose and throat. He is atpresent chairman of the Section onOphthalmology of the Wisconsin Medical Society.Frank G. Murphy, MD, Chicagoorthopaedic surgeon, is assistant professor at the University of Illinois MedicalSchool and is on the staffs of the CookCounty, South Chicago, South Shore,and Jackson Park Hospitals. Councillorfor the Chicago Medical Society, he isalso president of the South Chicagobranch of that organization. For recreation, he likes volley ball and badminton.1919The author of numerous scientificand medical papers, Onis HarrisonHorral, MD, SM'25, PhD'27, is a fellow of the A.C.S. and A.M.A., a member of the Chicago Surgical Society,and belongs to the city and state medicalassociations. His specialty is bone surg- EMPLOYMENT BROKERSA. J. McCOYAND ASSOCIATES, INC.140 So. Dearborn, Chicago• • •In seeking a position ourservice is specialized; itis restrictedENGINEERSNEILER, RICH & CO. (not inc.)ENGINEERSCONSULTING, DESIGNING ANDSUPERVISINGAir Conditioning HealingElectrical VentilatingMechanical Sanitary431 So. Dearborn StreetTelephone Harrison 7691FENCESANCHOR POST FENCE CO.Ornamental Iron — Chain Link —Rustic WoodFences for Campus, Tennis Court,Estate, Suburban Home or Industrial Plant.Free Advisory Service and EstimatesFurnished333 N. Michigan Ave.Telephone STAte 5812FLOWERSPhones1364 Q CHICAGOEstablished 1865FLOWERS: Plaza 6444, 6445East 53rd StreetFORM CLAMPSUNIVERSAL FORM CLAMP CO.Form Clamping and Tying DevicesBuilding Specialties972 Montana St., Chicago, Illinois•San Francisco — Los Angeles — Jersey City— Philadelphia — Cleveland — Houston —Boston — New York — SyracuseFRACTURE APPARATUSFRACTURE EQUIPMENTORTHOPEDIC BRACESSPLINTSBONE INSTRUMENTSZIMMER MFG. CO.WARSAW, IND.FUNERAL DIRECTORH. D. LUDLOWFUNERAL DIRECTORFine Chapel with New Pipe OrganSEDAN AMBULANCETel. Fairfax 28616110 Cottage Grove Ave.38 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEGROCERIESLEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: Hyde Park 9 1 00- 1 -2QUALITY FOODSTUFFSMODERATE PRICESWE DELIVERHANDWRITING EXPERTVERNON FAXONEXAMINER OF QUESTIONEDDOCUMENTS(Handwriting Expert)134 TelephoneN. La Salle St. Central 1050HEATING ""PHILLIPS, GETSCHOW CO.ENGINEERS & CONTRACTORSHeating, Ventilating, Power,Air ConditioningTelephoneSuperior 61 1632W. Hubbard St.HOTELBLACKSTONEHALLanExclusive Women's Hotelin theUniversity of Chicago DistrictOffering Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALL5748 TelephoneBlackstone Ave. Plaza 3313Verna P. Werner, DirectorLAUNDRIESMorgan Laundry Service, Inc.2330 Prairie Ave.Phone Calumet 7424Dormitory ServiceSUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 5110 ery> He lives at 5543 Kenwood Avenue, Chicago.O. van der Velde, MD, is practicinggeneral surgery in Holland, Michigan,and in the sports line, he chooses hunting, fishing and golf.1920H. Binga Dismond, '17, MD, wellknown New York City physician andsurgeon, has become so interested inHaiti on his visits there that he is studying its history and its people. Presidentof the Uptown University Club, he alsoacts as county committeeman. His officeis at 245 West 139th Street, New YorkCity.1931 >Jack Herzl Sloan, '25, SM'36,MD'31, physician, has been practicingmedicine at 122 -South Michigan Boulevard, Chicago, since 1932.1932William E. Jones, MD, recentlymoved from Fairfield, Washington, to217 Rookery Building, Spokane, Washington.1933Maurice Z. Silton, MD, announceshis association with Dr. Leon J. Tiberin the practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Their offices are located in theWilshire Professional Building, LosAngeles, California.In a recent communication GeorgeElwood StrObel, MD, mentions hisson and daughter, now ten and ninevears old. A member of the OhioCounty Medical Society, secretary ofthe local Study Club and also of theHospital Staff, Dr. Strobel finds timefrom his general practice for an occasional game of golf. Address : 37 SouthPenn Street, Wheeling, West Virginia.1935Formerly of the resident staff of CookCounty Hospital, Robert B. Lewy, '30,MD, announces the opening of officesat 25 East Washington Street, Chicago.His practice will be limited to ear, noseand throat.ENGAGEDEleanor B. Given, ex'38, to Dr. M.Reese Guttman of the medical faculty ofLoyola University.MARRIEDGladys Titsworth Pearcy, '20, toPaul Washburn Chase, attorney ofHillsdale, Michigan, on August 12,1937, at Portland, Oregon. They areresiding at 140 North Hillsdale Street,Hillsdale, Michigan.Joseph E. Allegretti, '21, MD'23,to Olga Tito, December 4, New YorkCity. At home, 2455 North SawyerAvenue, Chicago.Ruth Alcock, '29, to William F.Byrne, Jr., November 24; at home, 7154Yates Avenue, Chicago.Albert R. Brosi, '30, to May PaulinePotter, October 23, in Indianapolis, Indiana. They are living in Passaic, NewJersey, where Mr. Brosi is connectedwith the U. S. Rubber Company.Charles T. Dwyer, '35, to Jane Barrett Askew of Baltimore, Maryland, THEBEST LAUNDRY andCLEANING COMPANYALL LAUNDRY SERVICESAlsoZoric System of Cleaning- : - Odorless Quality Cleaning - : -Phone Oakland 1383LETTER SERVICEPOND LETTER SERVICEEverything in LettersHooven TypewritingMultigraphingAddressograph Service MimeographingAddressingMailingHighest Quality Service Minimum PricesAll Phones 418 So. Market St.Harrison 8118 ChicagoLITHOGRAPHERL C. Mead '21. E. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 8182MARBLEHENRY MARBLE COMPANYCONTRACTORS and FINISHERSofIMPORTED and DOMESTIC MARBLES3208 Shields Ave., Chicago, IllinoisTelephones (VICtoryll96leiepnones j VICtory n97MASONRY REPAIRSI. ECKMANTuck Pointing and BuildingCleaningWindow Calking7452 Cottage Grove Ave.Phone Vincennes 6513MUSIC ENGRAVERSHIGHEST RATED IN UNITED STATESENGRAVERS- SINCE 1906 + WORK DONE BY ALL PROCESSES ?+ ESTIMATES GLADLY FURNISHED ?+ ANY PUBLISHER OUR REFERENCE +^RAYNEITDALHEIM &CO.2054 W. LAKE ST., CHICAGO.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 39MOTOR LIVERYCLOISTER GARAGEChicago Petersen Motor LiveryA PERSONAL SERVICEof Refinement, Catering to theUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO•5650 LAKE PARK AVE.Phone MIDWAY 0949PAINTERSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123Lake Street PhoneKedzie 3 1 86E. STEWART FEIGHINC.PAINTING — DECORATING5559 TelephoneCottage Grove Ave. Midway 4404RICHARD H. WEST CO.COMMERCIALPAINTING & DECORATING1331W. Jackson Blvd. TelephoneMonroe 3192PHOTOGRAPHERMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMNIPLASTERINGHOWARD F. NOLANPLASTERING, BRICKandCEMENT WORKREPAIRING A SPECIALTYllll East 55th StreetTelephone Dorchester 1579SMITHSONPLASTERING COMPANYLathing and PlasteringContractors53 W.Jackson Blvd. TelephoneWabash 8428 May 1, 1937; at home, 7212 ConstanceAvenue, Chicago.C. M. Olson, PhD'36, to LorraineSwanson at Rockford, Illinois, on October 2. They are living* at Maple Road,Linthicum Heights, Maryland.Marguerite Christine Westgate,SM'32, to Harold F. Schwede, '27,October 16, 1937; at home, 826 KirblyPlace, Shreveport, La.Sara C. Baumgardner, *36, to Richard D. White, y36, September 3, 1937,in Houston, Texas; address, 135 Hath-way, Houston, Texas.John Zeltin, GS'34, to EleanoreGrace Swanson, on August 23 in Chicago, where they are making their homeat 75 East Elm Street.BORNTo Mr. and Mrs. Charles LeonardButton (Vienna W. Roberts, '30), ason, Kenneth Charles, September 24.To William F. Calohan, '30, andMrs. Calohan, a daughter, on November 11, 1937, Houston, Texas.To Hudson B. Phillips, GS'32, andMrs. Phillips, a daughter, Ann Sheridan, on June 24, at Fort Sheridan, Illinois.To Myron C. Cole, GS'33, and Mrs.Cole, of Orange, California, a daughter,Roberta Jeanne, September 19, 1937.DIEDJames J. Burtch, DB'78, died October 11, 1937, in Lexington, Massachusetts, at the age of 89. Formerly abuilder, Mr. Burtch had resided in Nebraska and Illinois for the greater partof his life, moving to Lexington fromChicago eleven years ago.Eli B. Felsenthal, 78, retired attorney anal last survivor of the University of Chicago's original Board ofTrustees, died at his home in HubbardWoods, Illinois, on December 1, 1937.He was 79 years old.Storrs B. Barrett, GS'96, associateprofessor emeritus of astrophysics at theUniversity of Chicago and former secretary and librarian of Yerkes Observatory, died at his winter home at St.Petersburg, Florida, on November 25,1937.Richard P. Baker, PhD' 10, diedAugust 13, 1937, at Iowa City, Iowa, atthe age of 71. He had been a memberof the mathematics faculty of the University of Iowa since 1905.Harry B. Bogg, Jr., '16, lawyer, diedAugust 11, 1937, at his home in Flushing, Long Island, New York. He waswith Armour and Company of Chicagofor a number of years.James O. McKinsey, '16, AM'19,chairman and senior executive officerof Marshall Field and Company, diedNovember 30, 1937, in Chicago after abrief illness. He was 47 years old.Mrs. John A. McGeoch (GraceOberschelp), AM'26, PhD'30, of Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, died September 5, 1937.John T. Hardman, AM'16, BD'18,head of the department of philosophyand sociology in Central College at Fayette, Indiana, died August 18, 1937. PLUMBINGA. J. F. LOWE & SON1217 East 55th StreetPlumbing and Heating ContractorRadio and Electrical ShopsDay Phone MIDway 0782PRESCRIPTIONSEDWARD MERZ L. BRECKWOLDTSARGENTS DRUG STOREDevoted to serving the Medical Profession and Filling PrescriptionsOver 85 Years23 N. WABASH AVE.TelephonesFor General Use Dearborn 4022-4023Incoming Only Central 0755-0759PUBLISHERSBOOK MANUSCRIPTSWanted — All subjects, for immediate publication. Booklet sent free.Meador Publishing Co.324 Newbury St., Boston, Mass.REAL ESTATEBROKERAGE MORTGAGESTHEBILLS CORPORATIONBenjamin F. Bills, '12, ChairmanEVERYTHING IN REAL ESTATE134 S. La Salle St. State 0266MANAGEMENT INSURANCEREFRIGERATIONPhones Lincoln 0002-3 Established \lD. A. MATOTManufacturer ofREFRIGERATORSDUMB WAITERS1538-46 MONTANA STREETRESTAURANTSMISS LINDQUIST'S CAFE5540 Hyde Park Blvd.,GOOD FOOD— MODERATE PRICESA place to meet in large and small groups.Private card rooms.Telephone Midway 7809in the Broadview HotelThe Best Place to Eat on the South SideI/JSHIMM: Ji:i***i*iaCOLONIAL RESTAURANT6324 Woodlawn Ave.Phone Hyde Park 6324VERSITY OF CHICAGO M40 T H E U N I ROOFERSBECKERAll types of RoofingHome InsulatingAll over Chicago and suburbs.Brunswick 2900RE-ROOFING — REPAIRING RUGSAshjian Bros., inc.Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED2313 E. 71st St. Phone Dor. 0009SHEET METAL WORKSECONOMY SHEET METAL WORKS•Galvanized Iron and Copper CornicesSkylights, Gutters, Down SpoutsTile, Slate and Asbestos Roofing•1927 MELROSE STREETBuckingham 1893SURGICAL SUPPLIESBRIDGE CORSETSandSURGICAL SUPPORTSBERTHA BRIDGE. DESIGNER926 Marshall Field Annex25 TelephoneE. Washington St. Dearborn 3434 BooksThe Washington Correspondents.By Leo C. Rosten '30. New York:Harcourt, Brace and Company,1937. Pp. XX + 436.IM a democracy we depend uponthe press for a presentation ofthe facts upon which* our politicalopinions are based . . . but we knownothing of . , . the personalities andtechniques of the reporters who areat the heart of the opinion-makingprocess . . . [The Washington Correspondents] is a study of a group ofhighly significant journalists in a society in which journalism has beenaccorded the dignity and the prerogatives of constitutional status."Thus Leo C. Rosten '30 explainshis reason for spending sixteenmonths and an eighteen-hundred-dol-lar Social Science Research Councilfield fellowship in Washington, D. C,gathering factual material which wasto make a thesis for his ChicagoPh.D. in Political Science and (as itnow turns out) a worthy contributionto the non-fiction best sellers of 1937.For this investigation Leo won thecooperation of 127 Washington correspondents who did everything fromanswer questionnaires ("Here is thedamn thing. Good luck." "You aredoing a swell job. I hope you raiseplenty of hell.") to arranging a membership for him in the National PressClub which privileged him to attendimportant press conferences and interviews.Rosten learned that the Correspondents' favorite magazine is Timewith Nation, Harpers, and the Saturday Evening Post vieing for secondplace ; they consider the N. Y. Timesmost reliable and fair, the Hearst papers and Chicago Tribune just theopposite ; the Associated Press mostreliable but the United Press betterwritten and more liberal. The Roose-velts (Theodore and Franklin) holdthe popularity record for presidentialinterviews while President Hooverhit a record-shattering low duringthat irritable period when prosperitywas evading him around every corner.Howard W. Mort. AGAZINETEACHERS' AGENCIES (Cont.)AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. Jackson BoulevardChicagoA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college fieldIt is affiliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.Paul Yatesjf ates-Fisher Teachers' AgencjfEstablished 1906616 South Michigan Ave., ChicagoTHEHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD.Telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, III.Member National Associationof Teachers AgenciesWe Enjoy a Very Fine High School, NormalSchool, College and University PatronageUNIFORMSTailored Uniforms Made to MeasureWomen Doctors and Nurses, Stock sizeInterne SuitsANEDA McSWEENY1910 So. Ogden AvenueSEEley 3734 Evenings by AppointmentUPHOLSTERINGANDERSON & EKSTROMUPHOLSTERERS — DECORATORSREFINISHING — REMODELINGMATTRESSES— SHADES— DRAPERIESFurniture made to your order1040 E. 47th St. Oakland 4433Established over 40 yearsVENTILATINGThe Haines CompanyVentilating and Air ConditioningContractors1929-1937 West Lake St.Phones Seeley 2765-2766-2767X-RAY SUPPLIESX-RAY SUPPLIES& Accessories"At Your Service"Tel. Seeley 2550-51Geo. W. Brady & Co.809 So. Western Ave.TEACHERS' AGENCIESAlbert Teachers' Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 1885. Placement Bureau formen and women in all kinds of teachingpositions. Large and alert College andState Teachers' College departments forDoctors and Masters; forty per cent of ourbusiness. Critic and Grade Supervisors forNormal Schools placed every year in largenumbers; excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics, Business Administration, Music, and Art, secure finepositions through us every year. PrivateSchools in all parts of the country amongour best patrons; good salaries. Well prepared High School teachers "wanted for cityand suburban High Schools. Special manager handles Grade and Critic work. Sendfor folder today.V.GRADUATE'S BRAINTWISTER NO. XScore one point for every correct answer.A graduate ten years out of college shouldget half right. Answers on Page VIII. of rearadvertising section. Send in your score to theEditor of this magazine.QUESTIONSWhat is the traditional cause of theChicago fire?Who wrote The Barrier?What gas which animals exhale do plantsutilize?From what book is the following a quotation: "All with one voice for about twohours cried out, 'Great is Diana of theEphesians' "?Who was John Huss?What man, proprietor of "the greatestshow on earth," is credited with havingsaid: "There's one born every minute"?What phrase, used as an eleventh-hourcampaign cry, is held largely responsiblefor the defeat of James G. Blaine in thepresidential election of 1884?To what does the adjective "Attic"refer?How did Bassanio win Portia?Who invented the phonograph?Give the next line after: "'Shoot, if youmust, this old gray head,' "Of the rivers which bound the UnitedStates, which bounds it for the greatestnumber of miles?Who wrote This Side of Paradise?What American artist who died in 1925did many pictures on the subject ofprize-fighting?Who was the "Wild Bull of the Pampas"?What banking house handled the financialorganization of the U. S. Steel Corporation?What famous Carthaginian and his sonwere great generals?Who was Eugene Sandow?What American theatrical productionholds the record for consecutive performances?What is the significance of the Latinexpression caveat emptor?What was the date of Paul Revere's ride?Who were the Romanoffs?The name of what Italian writer andstatesman personifies unscrupulous intriguing?What is the economic importance of theSaar Basin?Who sponsored the federal law whichinterprets the 18th amendment?What is the literal meaning of the word"dirigible"?How many books are there in the KingJames version of [a] the Old Testament,[bl the New Testament?Who was the last Emperor of Russia?What are the largest trees in the world?In what city was Madame Tussaud'sExhibition (of wax-work figures) located?Who is Feodor Chaliapin?What adjectives of color have beenapplied to the following: [al the Tiber,[b] the Danube?Whose three terms as Lord Mayor ofLondon were prophesied by the Bowbells?Who said: "Some are born great, someachieve greatness, and some nave greatness thrust upon 'em"?What heroine of Boccaccio and Chauceris noted for her patient obedience to herhusband?What product is advertised by the slogan:"I'se in town, honey"?What Dutch cartoonist probably hadthe greatest influence among the Alliednations during the World War?Who wrote Pilgrim's Progress?9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38. CAN ENJOY A THRILLINGVACATION ABROAD/ .rOsa-a?*!£•<&N* V»*co** • This is a splendid year to go abroad, iorFrench exchange is at its lowest point inyears. Your expenses in Europe can beheld at an amazingly low sum. And youcan go there and back by French Line(with all that that means) ior as little as** $174* round trip.• You will thoroughly enjoy the delectable cuisine on all FrenchLine ships, with a free wine at every meal . . . the friendly serviceby understanding stewards . . . the comfort of airy and spaciouscabins . . . the staunch, efficient seamanship of Breton and Normansailors. (English is spoken on board, of course.)• You can even take your car abroad with you by French Line,for surprisingly little; and you will find that motoring along France'suncrowded highways is an utterly delightful experience. YourTravel Agent will gladly make reservations for you, map out routesto follow, arrange all details. His services will save you moneyand will cost you nothing. See him soonl "Third classAnswers on page VIII. cfrervehXLne 610 Fifth Avenue (Rockefeller Center), New York CityNew York to England and France, and thus to all Europe:LAFAYETTE, April 20 • ILE DE FRANCE. April 27PARIS, April 30 • NORMANDIE, May 4Fly anywhere in Europe via Air-FranceSailing to Ire/and - PARIS, April 30; LAFAYETTE. May 27.July 12VI.SCHOOL & CAMP DIRECTORYGIRL'S SCHOOLSOAK GROVEPrepares for College and Gracious Living.Music, Art, Expression. Upper and LowerSchools. Grad. Course Sec. Science. Joyous outdoorrecreation. Riding. Mit. and Mks. Robekt Owen,Box 170, Vassalboko, Maine.ANNA HEAD SCHOOLFor Girls. Est. 1887. Accredited College Preparatoryand Lower School. Swimming, Hockey, Riding, Tennis fhe year round. Comfortable home and gardenin college town. Maky E. Wilson, MX., L.H D.,Principal, 2528 Channing Way, Berkeley, Calif.GARDNER SCHOOL154 East 70th Street, New York, Resident andday school for girls. Accredited. Elementary, College Preparatory, Secretarial and Junior Collegiatecourses. Music, Art, Dramatics. All Athletics.81st year. M. Elizabeth Masland, Principal.MIDDLE ATLANTIC — BOYSFRANKLIN AND MARSHALLACADEMYA widely recognized, moderately priced pieparatoryschool. Junior dept. E. M. Hahtman, Pd.D., Box70, Lancaster, Pa.ST. PETER'S SCHOOLEpiscopal school opening in the Fall of 1938. Self-help plan Small classes. High academic standing.Large campus. 40 mi. from N. Y. C Rev. Frank G.Leeming, Head, Van Cohtlandtville, Peekskill, N. Y.THE MERCERSBURG ACADEMYPrepares for entrance to all colleges and universities. Alumni from 24 nations. 680 former studentsnow in 113 colleges. Boyd Edwakds, D.D., LL.D.,Headmaster, Mercersbuhg, Pa.NEW ENGLAND — BOYSHEBRON ACADEMYThorough college preparation for hoys at moderatecost. 75 Hebron boys freshmen in college this year.Write for booklet and circulars. Ralph L. Hunt,Box G, Hebron, Me.WILLISTON ACADEMYUnusual educational opportunities at modest cost.Over 150 graduates in 40 colleges. New recreational center, gym, pool. Separate Junior School.A. V. Galbhauii, Box 3, Easihamimon, Mass.CHESHIRE ACADEMYFormerly ROXBURY SCHOOLFlexible organization and painstaking supervisionof each boy's program offer opportunity for exceptional scholastic progress and general development.A. E. Sheriff, Headmaster, Cheshire, Conn.NEW HAMPTON SCHOOLA New Hampshire School for Boys. 117th year.Thorough College Preparation. Athletics for everyboy. Moderate Tuition. 125 Boys from 12 States.Frederick Smith, Box 201, New Hampton, N. H.REDDING RIDGEA new, thoroughly modem, educational plan for college prepaiatory boys. More rational study methods,moie complete subject mastery. Attractive buildingsand campus 60 miles from New York. Spoits, hobbies,othei recieation. Wiite for booklet describing thenew "Redding Ridge Plan "Kenneth G. Bonner, H'dmstr, Redding Ridge, Conn. SOUTH — BOYSFLORIDA PREPARATORYSCHOOLOn Halifax River. Boarding and day. SpecializeC-E.B. examinations. Separate Junior SchoolClasses average 4. Daily sun bathing. Outdoorclasses. Water and land sports. For catalog, address: Paul G. Brubeck, Daytona Beach, Fla.MIDDLE WEST BOYSCRANBROOK SCHOOLDistinctive endowed preparatory ^school for boys.Also junior department. Exceptionally beautiful,complete, modern. Unusual opportunities in music,arts, crafts, sciences. Hobbies encouraged. All sports.Single rooms. Strong faculty. Individual attention.Graduates in over 50 "colleges. Near Detroit. Registry, 3010 Lone Pine Rd., Bloomfield Hills, Mich.PACIFIC COAST — BOYSBLACK-FOXE MILITARYINSTITUTETHE WEST'S DISTINGUISHED SCHOOL FOR BOYSFrom First Grade Through High SchoolPictorial Catalogue on Request660 Wilcox Avenue Los Angeles, Calif.MONTEZUMAPrimary *— Elementary — High School. Accredited.400 acres. Mild climate. Outdoor life year round.Horses ~— Athletics — Entrance any time. Summer'Camp. Montezuma School for Boys, Box G,Los Gatos, California.COEDUCAT'NAL SCHOOLSGEORGE SCHOOLA Iriends' Coeducational Boaiding School. Moderncurriculum. 85 graduates entered 41 colleges in 1937.Endowment. G. A. Walion, A.M., Principal, Box267, George School, Pa.PUTNEY SCHOOLFor boys and girls who while preparing for college,want to have a rich, realistic, responsible life.Self-help, farm and construction work jobs. Sports,Music, Art; every cultural interest stimulated.Putney, Vt.SPECIAL SCHO OTSTHE BANCROFT SCHOOLYear-round school and home for retarded andproblem children. Resident physician. Educationalprogram. 56th yr. Summer camp on Maine Coast.Catalog. Medical Director, Dana S. Crum. Principal, J. C. Cooley, Box 315, Haddonfield, N. J.BOY CAMPSWASSOOKEAGThe School-Camp for boys. Accredited summersession in a camp setting. Complete land andwater sports program for juniors and seniors. Astudent-camper can save a year in school.Lloyd Harvey Hatch, Director, Dexter, Maine.OCEAN WAVEAvalon, N. J. 18th year. Sail the coves of CaptainKidd; hunt for his buried (1699) treasure! 50 boys.Director trained in Psychology and Hygiene. RussellHogeland, Associate. Booklet. W. F. Lutz, M. A.,Penn A. C, Rittenhouse Square, Philadelphia, Pa.ULVEE 8 HAPPY WEEKS OFCULVER TRAININGin NAVAL SCHOOL or CAVALRYSUMMER SCHOOLS CAMP (boys 14-19) and WOOD-on iake maxinkuckee CRAFT CAMP (boys 9-14). RegularAcademy personnel. Exceptionalhousing, dining and medical facilities. 1000-acre woodedcampus. Emphasis on correct posture, initiative, courtesy, Christian character. Optional tutoring. All landand water sports. Moderate cost. State Catalog Desired.41 2 Loire Shore Court Culver, IndianaTHE GRADUATE GROUP30 Rockefeller Plaza — Rockefeller Center — - New York CityChicago Detroit Boston . San Francisco Los Angeles Londoniltimni magazines of leading American colleges reaching 150,000 graduates with one plate FOR THOSE WHO WANTJJvl lAJtimaisLIN ADVANCED RADIO DESIGNTheSCOTTis the internationally famous radioowned by Kings,Princes, Presidents,and hundreds ofothers who canafford the finestpossessions — yet this magnificent instrument costs butlittle more than ordinary receivers. Custom Built to themost exacting Laboratory Standards for scientists, musicians, and critical layman listeners who demand a muchnner radio receiver than those which are commerciallyavailable through stores. Every part (except tubes)guaranteed for 5 years. Exact-image reproduction —equal to that of the finest motion picture sound system —gives you the complete tone of musical instruments whichdo not register" on the ordinary radio Mighty globe-circlmg power held in leash by perfected automatic andmanual controls assures more enjoyable world reception.Milly two years in advance. Write now for brochuredescribing a score of other advanced engineering featuresot this amazing musical instrument.ACT NOW! Get Special Limited Offer!30 days' home trial andBudget payments in U.S.A.NOT SOLD THROUGHSTORES. Send coupon nowfor special offer.E. H. SCOTT RADIO LABS. m^ -flfc=r-«r4466 Ravenswood Avenue ^L^ffilBFfc^'Dept. 35F8 Chicago, III. ^ffTT^Send all the facts, order blank, and special offer. Noobligation.Name Address City State STUDIOS: Chicago, New York, Los Angeles, LondonANSWERS TO QUIZ NO. 11. Benedict Arnold (1741-1801)2. The Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci.3. Sinclair Lewis (1885 — ). Arrowsmith.4. France.5. Knight Commander of the Bath.6. The wife of William Shakespeare.7. Newton Booth Tarkington (1869 — ).8. The ancient name for China9. Athanasius and Arius.10. Spain.11. Archimedes (about 287-21 2 B. C).12. Woodbury's Facial Soap.13. South Africa.14. Mont Blanc, in France (157781 feet).15. Asbestos, because it is incombustible.16. Arms and the Man.17. Adam Smith (1723-1790).18. The carat (3.1 7 grains).19. A royai palace of Spain.20. Tammany Hall.21. "And all the men and women merelyplayers:" (From As You Like It).22. Aquatic animals of a low order.23. Potiphar's wife.24. [a] Department stores, [b] gold and diamond mining, [c] tea.25. The Nile, Egypt.26. Henry Ward Beecher (1813-1887).27. Queen Elizabeth's, from 1558 to 1603.28. Eugene Brieux.29. They were formerly college presidents.30. King's Counsel.31. Thomas Alva Edison.32. Languages derived from Latin.33. Rudyard Kipiing.34. Percussion.35. Bizet (1838-1 875).36. Anatole France (1 844-1 924).37. 1846-1848.38. Alice Lee Roosevelt.vn.WHERE-TO-GOfc£ 1906Featured every month in 32 or more publications. Approximately One Million circulation. Please send Information re.I plan my trip auout N a 1 1 1 ¦ ¦Add*THH WHERE-TO-GO BUREAU, Inc., 8 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MASS., U. S. A.Hotels — Resorts and Travel. For completedata — or rates in our department 'write toTRAVELJSL CWEDEN!\J LAND OF SUNUT NIGHTSINMagnificent chateaux with moats and exquisite gardens, the homes of noble families— Visingso Island and the old Brahe Churchwhere the bridal crown reveals the touchingstory of Royal romance— the massive medi«'val strongholds of Vadstena and Gripsholm*— the beautiful Canal and Lake Country^these changing scenes of peaceful charmand fascinating beauty are high spots on thideal motor tour of Sweden,Be sure of a perfect summer, book early.Sweden is the gateway to the Scandinavian wonderlands and the fascinating Battic region.Convenient, quick connections from England and the Continent— —direct from NewYork in Swedish liners in eight luxurious days.Ask your travel agent or us for our new"Lands of Sunlit Nights"suggesting delightful trips in all the Scandinavian countries — a wealth of vacation guidance.Please mention Department U.SWEDISH TRAVELINFORMATION BUREAU(30 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORKM...BICYCLB...COthroaeh "Unspoiled Kuropo." Siriitll crimps -Afor student, and teachers In company of s^T Kuropean students. See much mure and ^1O spend much less. 10 wit. all-inc. trips Inc. ^^steamer from $29S. (leneral and specialized ,TFavailable. Write for free booklet W. w TRAVEL I TRAVELHPHRILL this sum-A mer to the joys ofmountain climbing inSwitzerland. You'lllearn quickly underthe expert tutelage ofSwiss guides. Warmhospitality, excellentaccommodations.Extraordinary reductionsgranted to tourists for astay of 6 days or more. Seepicturesque old BERNE,capital of Switzerland;THUN, portal to theBERNESE OBERLANDwith INTERLAKEN;JUNGFRAUJOCH(U,340feet a/s;) the LOETSCH-BERG ROUTE to theFURKA-OBERALP andZERMATT-GORNER-GRAT regions with theMatterhorn.NO VISAS,NO MONEY FORMALITIESAsk your travel agent orwrite for portfolio WG-3.Swiss Federal Railroads475 FIFTH AVE., NEWYORKSWITZERLANDOutstanding event of 1939 — Swiss National Exposition, ZitMch, May to October VERMONTTHOSE GORGEOUSGREEN MOUNTAINSVfiRMONTJASKur new, handsomely-illustrated freebooklet,"Unspoil-ed Vermont." Athrlliingpre-Tiew of your 1938 vacation-tour.Scores of eye-filling scenes suchas greet yon at every turn of theroad in this land of mountains,lakes and valleys, gorgeoui greenery and fanioushospitaUty. Variedcountry fun for all the family— described in this free book.Write VERMONT PUBIJC-1TY SERVICE, 27 STAT*HOITSK, MOMI-KLIKH, \ T.MAINEPLEASANT ISLAND LODGE«fe Camps. Pleasant Island, Me. Rangeley regionStream-Lake fishing. Salmon and Troot. Reachedby new an to road. W. U. TOOTHAKER, ProprietorTRAVELNEW YORKHOTEL SEYMOUR f^\^IVZtheatres, shops, art galleries, Radio City. Qnlet refined snrronndings. Single S3. 50 np; double $5.00 ap. Where-To-Go for May closea Mar. 30Ui/i ¦- CcncUtuoned.i*hud.v\i Land of cool nights, sunnyexhilarating days. A new unspoiled vacation state ol mountains, ocean beaches, forests.lakes, streams. Send for free28-page booklet Oregon StateHighway Commission, Travel IEIT n n p C Conducted ToursU K U r E. Booklet MX freeCONTINENTAL TOURS157 Federal St., Bostok, Mass. This Summer ExploreNEWFOUNDLAND!Ramble through cool, fragrant forests. . . see gorgeous fjords ! Play golf jsail or canoe below cliff-side fishingvillages ... let heavyweight " fighters " give you a stiff battle in teeming salmon or trout streams! Moderncamps, hotels, offer low rates.Write for free booklet " Come to Newfoundland " to Newfoundland Information Bureau, Dept. F,620 Fifth Avenue,New Tori, N. Y., or NewfoundlandTourist Development Board, St. Johns,Newfoundland, or any travel agency.11-1JJ Day* - *13S up1See LABRADOR ... In ftcean liner comfortl Land ofmystery - The Golden North and romantic FrenchCanada, beautiful Newfoundland — on CLARKE luxurycruisei trom Montreal, AiU your Travel Agent orCLARKE STEAMSHIP CO. LmCANADA CEMENT BLDG., PHILLIPS SO ¦ MONTREAL, CANADAREACHING 150,000 GRADUATESNATIONAL advertisers can now reach 1 50,000 graduates of the 26colleges listed below, at special group rates, and with only twoadvertising plates.Subsciibers can help this magazine secure maximum revenue from national advertising by patronizing the advertisers whose copy appears inthis issue.Graduate Group members are listed in adjoining columns: BROWNCALIFORNIA (L. A.)CHICAGOCOLGATECOLUMBIACORNELLDARTMOUTHEMORYILLINOIS LEHIGHMAINEMICHIGANMINNESOTAMISSOURINEBRASKANEW YORK UNIV.NORTHWESTERNOHIO STATE OKLAHOMAPENNSYLVANIAPENN STATEPITTSBURGHPRINCETONPURDUERUTGERSYALETHE GRADUATE GROUP • 30 Rockefeller Plaza • Rockefeller Center, New YorkCHICAGO DETROIT BOSTON SAN FRANCISCO LOS ANGELES•I Wo\d *°' 9 a\n \D'^ISTANCE gained ina relay race meansnothing unless it is held. Andmaterial gains made in the gameof life . . . home, furnishings, automobile, business . . . should beheld, too. But they can be takenfrom you at any moment of any day... by fire, -windstorm, explosion,accident, theft, etc. Fortunately, EESPproperty insurance is so flexible thatyou can protect what you haveagainst practically every conceivable hazard. The North AmericaAgent in your section will be gladto analyze your insurance requirements and tell you just whichpolicies you should have. Consulthim as you would your doctoror lawyer.Insurance Company ofNorth AmericaPHILADELPHIAFOUNDED 1792and its affiliated companies write practically every form of insurance except life^iiSiill.SiilllllSJIIiaillK«HiS8Career enselect occupations which combine present financial rewardswith future opportunities. Theyfind that life insurance selling,better than most businesses,offers this combination to menof real ability today.College Menselected by The Penn MutualLife Insurance Company canstart life insurance selling on afixed compensation basis, instead of a commission basis, ifthey wish. The plan is described in a booklet, "Insurance Careers for CollegeGraduates." Send for a copy.COLLEGIATE PERSONNEL BUREAUTHE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY THE COLLEGE (H^he gardensCROWD LIKES Lt^lT*TheAT EASTERCavalier !7e,r/ sPort ~^ (jolt over two18's, Har-TruTennis Courts,and an IndoorSurf bathing in40 Riding Horses,Swimming Pool —early May!Moderate tariff, carefully selected clientele, and a superb ocean-frontlocation.Consult your travel agent or our NewYork office, 1 East 44th Street (MUr-ray Hill 2-2907).Independence Square Philadelphia ANSWERS TO QUIZ NO. 21. A cow, owned by a Mrs. O'Leary,kicked over a lighted lantern.2. Rex Ellingwood Beach (1877—).3. Carbon dioxide.4. The Bible (Acts xix. 28).5. A Bohemian reformer (1373-1 41 5).6. Phineas Taylor Barnum (1810-1891).7. "Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion."8. Athens, Greece.9. By choosing the leaden casket in whichher portrait was hidden.10. Thomas Alva Edison.11. "'But spare your country's flag,' she said."12. The Rio Grande.13. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (1896 — ).14. George Wesley Bellows (1882-1925).15. Luis Angel Firpo, the prize-fighter.16. J. P. Morgan and Company.17. Hamilcar Barca and his son, Hannibal.18. He was a professional "strong man."19. Abie's Irish Rose. Opened in May, 1922.20. "Let the buyer beware."21. April 18-19, 1775.22. The ruling house of Russia — (1613-1917).23. Niccolo Machiavelli (1468-1527).24. Its rich coal deposits.25. Representative Andrew J. Volstead(1860 — ), of Minnesota.26. Capable of being steered or guided.27. [a] 39, [b] 27.28. Nicholas II (1868-1918).29. The sequoias, of California, including theredwoods and the "big trees."30. London.31. A distinguished Russian basso.32. [a] Yellow, [b] blue.33. Dick Whittington.34. William Shakespeare (1564-1616). InTwelfth Night, Act II, Scene 5.35. Griselda.36. Aunt Jemima's Pancake Flour.37. Louis Raemakers (1869—).38. John Bunyan (1628-1688).__turday NightRobert Burns The GreatestLiteratureofAUMankindCONDENSED INTO 849 PACESDROP everything until you have assured yourself a copy of this book.All you have to do is mail the coupon! Its contents would cost over$100.00 if you could purchase the individual volumes.Out of all the words set down in all languages and in all ages — thesehave been selected for you as the most important, the most enduring, therichest, rarest and best.Condensed for your brief moments of leisure by Dr. Charles Gray Shaw,Ph.D., N. Y. University, and his staff of associates.Now you will find time to do that vital reading you have promisedyourself. In this carefully edited, scholarly abridgement of The 101 World'sClassics you can read from three to five of these masterpieces in the samelength of time you would formerly have spent on a single one.GUILD MEMBERSHIP IS FREEThe Literary Guild is a monthly book service for exactly the same type ofactive, busy person who would neglect his reading entirely if there werenot this time-tested, time-saving, highly economical plan for keeping abreastof the best new books.The Guild is over eleven years old and it has saved its members morethan six millions of dollars in that length of time. But — more importanteven than the millions saved is the Guild's service in balancing lives whichwould otherwise not include the joy of fine reading. Accept free member-bership today.SEND NO MONEYThe Guild selects for your choice each month the outstanding new booksbefore publication— the best new FICTION and NON-FICTION. "Wings"— a little journal — comes to you free each month. It describes the forthcoming selection made by the Editors, tells about the authors, and containsillustrations pertinent to the books. This invaluable guide to good readingcomes a month in advance, so you can decide whether or not the selectedbook will be to your liking. You may have the Guild selection any monthfor only $2.00 (plus a few cents carrying charges) regardless of the retailprice. (Regular prices of Guild selections range from $2.50 to $5.00) Oryou may choose from 30 other outstanding books recommended each monthby the Guild — or you may order any other book in print at thepublisher's price. But you need not take a book each month.As few as four within a year keeps your membership in force. if youJoin the GuildNOW!Free "Bonus"Books Twicea YearThis popular new BONUSplan gives thousands ofGuild members an additional NEW book every sixmonths ABSOLUTELYFREE. Full details will besent to you upon enrollment.SAVE 50% MAIL THIS COUPON TODAYThe Guild servicestarts as soon as youmail the coupon. Ourpresent special offergives you The 101 World'sClassics absolutely free.This book will come to youat once together with full information about the Guild Service and special savings.The Literary Guild of AmericaDept. 3 GG, 9 Rockefeller Plaza, New York r -THE LITERARY GUILD OF AMERICADept. 3GG, 9 Rockefeller Plaza, N. Y.Enroll me in the Guild. I am to receive free eachmonth the Guild Magazine and all other membership privileges It is understood that I will purchasea minimum of four books through the LiteraryGuild within a year — either Guild selections or anyother books of my choice. In consideration of thisagreement you will send me at once, FREE, a copyof The 101 World's Classics.Name. . .AddressCity College. . . State..Occupation. .¦MaHa^HBMaUCopyright 1938, Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co.