THE UNIVERSITYOFCHICAGO MAGAZINEJANUARYvirawapap^y^lour doctor can hear your heart beatmore clearly today than ever before —with Western Electric's new Electrical Stethoscope.Not much bigger than the doctor's "littleblack bag," this amazing instrument amplifies heart sounds up to 100 times the intensity obtained with an ordinary stethoscope. It also isolates and accentuates hard-to-hearmurmurs — makes diagnosis easier.The Electrical Stethoscope is closely related to your telephone — Western Electric'sbest known product. It was developed byBell Telephone Laboratories as a scientificcontribution to the medical world, whichhas given it a warm welcome.Distributed by GRAYBAR Electric Co. In Canada: Northern Electric Co., Ltd.Western ElectricLEADERS IN S O U N D -T R AN S M I S S I O N APPARATUSTHE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCILCharlton T. Beck, '04 Howard W. MortEditor and Business Manager Associate EditorFred B. Millett, PhD '31; John P. Howe, '37; William V. Morgenstern, '20, JD '22Contributing EditorsMilton E. Robinson, Jr., 11, JD '13; Louise Norton Swain, '09, AM '16; John J. McDonough, '28Council Committee on PublicationsFrom police reporter and featurewriter on the Oklahoma Neivs tovagabonding in Mexico and SoutliAmerica, with service in the merchant marine, to PhB, AM and PhD,at Chicago (in the field of earlyChinese philosophy), followed byeight years of intensive study andresearch in the history of Chineseculture (including four years inChina), Herrlee Glessner Creel hasa most fascinating background fordoing a number of interesting things.He has chosen, however, to becomean authority on Chinese history andlanguage and, at the remarkablyearly age of 32, he is recognized assuch by Sinologists in America,Europe and the Far East. His TheBirth of China published last year inLondon will be published this springin New York and a French translation is to appear soon. Of it Dr. JohnC. Ferguson has written : ". . . thisbook is epochal ... it constitutes aturning point in the treatment of ancient Chinese history just as Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the RomanEmpire did in classical history." Weprophesy you will enjoy Mr. Creel'sanswer to "Why Is a Sinologist?"•William Crocker, PhD'06, andOtis William Caldwell, PhD'98, lifemembers of the Alumni Association,were so stimulated by the President'slatest book, Higher Learning inAmerica, that they were moved toanalyze their reactions in an articlethey choose to call "Higher Learningin Universities— Research or Metaphysics" which we herewith have the N THIS ISSUEprivilege of passing on to you. Mr.Crocker was a member of the University faculty from 1907 to 1921.He is at present director of the BoyceThompson Institute for Plant Research at Yonkers, New York. Mr.Caldwell was also a member of ourfaculty from 1907 to 1917 (Dean ofUniversity College from 1913 to1917) and is at present professoremeritus of Education, ColumbiaUniversity and General Secretary ofthe American Association for theAdvancement of Science. as the author of These Are My Jewels which America was enjoying in1930.•The two pages of pictures are fromMrs. Sylvanus G. Morley's collectionof Maya Indian photographs. Theaccompanying descriptions were furnished by Robert Redfield, Professorof Anthropology and Dean of the Division of the Social Sciences. Mrs.Morley has just left for Guatemala,planning in the spring to return toQuintana Roo and there add to hercollection of photographs of the isolated Maya. Dr. Redfield will makehis sixth trip to Middle America inMarch for further research in ethnology.We are indebted to Miss Lily BessCampbell, PhD'21, for the intimateaccount of the closing hours in thelife of Myra Reynolds. You will •doubtless remember Miss Campbell For the past two years, readers_ ofthe Magazine have enjoyed the in- formal and sprightly contributions ofHoward W. Mort. Each month he.... - ~- ~~„. ,-..,., has unearthed out-of-the-ordinaryTABLE OF CONTENTS . . .. TT . .. , , .Jstories of the University and of theJANUARY, 1937 University family told with the vervege of a true raconteur. His commentsQuad Rambles 3 have been a delight to many of ourWhy Is A Sinologist, Herrlee Gless- readers. Now we have persuadedner Creel 6 him to assume greater responsibilitiesChicago's World Institution 11 in the editing of the Magazine Be-ginning with the present issue, he be-Higher Learning in Universities, comes Associate Editor. For the bal-William Crocker and Otis W. Cald-^ ^ q{ ^ ^^ ^ hJm ^ gQ ^credit for such excellence as the Mag-News of the Quadrangles 15 azine may attajn. For sins of omis-Myra Reynolds 19 sion or commission blame the Editor.Maya Indians 20 Mr- Mort proves his versatility bycontinuing as director of ReynoldsClub and as editor of Tower Topics,Athletics 24 the popular weekly publication of theNews of the Classes 26 Quadrangles.Published by the Alumni Council of the University of Chicago, monthly, from November to July. Office of Publication, 403 Cobb Hall, 58th St. atEllis Avenue, Chicago. Annual subscription price S3. 00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1, 1934, at the Post Officeat Chicago, Illinois, under the act of March 8, 1879. The Graduate Group, Tne, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the official advertising agencyof the University of Chicago Magazine.JULIUS STIEGLIT18 6 7-1937Among the members of the first faculty of the Universityin 1 892 was Julius Stieglitz in the Department of Chemistry.Through the years he brought honor to the University amoutstanding eminence to his department. He was one of tl»world's great chemists, an inspiring leader, and a revert*teacher. His passing is a distinct loss to science and wCUniversity.VOLUME XXIX THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINE NUMBER 3JANUARY, 1937QUAD RAMBLESAny Manwho accomplishes the "impossible" in the business world as consistently as PAUL G. HOFFMAN,can expect to have most anything happen to him in theway of honors. Asked by the United Press to select thetwelve outstanding young men of America in 1936,editor Durward Howes (America's Young Men) chosePaul G. Hoffman ex '12 — President of StudebakerSales Corporation of America — as one of the dozen. Mr.Hoffman is here keeping company with a Nobel prizewinner, two United States senators, an Olympic decathlon winner, and one of the youngest secretaries ofthe treasury since Alexander Hamilton. Paul Hoffmanwas selected because of his outstanding contribution totraffic safety. Mr. Hoffman is a member of the University of Chicago Alumni Committee on Informationand Development, and Mr. Howes' choice does notsurprise us.* * *Mixing Face and Gun Powderis the latest indoor sport onthe quadrangles. The University of Chicago Rifle Clubrecently held a mixed (men and women) match in which9 women and 17 men were entered. Each contestantwas permitted as many 20-shot tries as he wished andthe highest score was all that was counted. The finalscore was computed from the five highest individualscores of the men and of the women. In spite of theodds against them, the women led at the end of thefourth day and were only nosed out by six points (970to 976) in the final talley. If this continues, gentlemen,C men will be remaining home to care for the babiesduring the next war!* * *"Douglas Hall,Old University of Chicago 1856" reads theinscription beneath an old grey stone built into theMichigan Avenue wall of the new WGN annex to theTribune Tower, Chicago. When Tribune Tower wasbuilt some years ago, publisher McCormick had morethan a score of his collection of historic stones from allParts of the world built into the wall at the MichiganAvenue level. Similarly, other stones from the editor's collection were used for the street-level walls of WGNwhere the Douglas Hall stone shares honors with representatives from the Great Pyramid, Egypt ; the GreatWall of China; the Colosseum, Rome, the Stabian Baths,Pompeii; Bunker Hill; the Chicago Fair of '93; andother parts of the globe. C. H. Koenitzer, a formerstudent at the Old University of Chicago, furnished theDouglas Hall stone in company with an affidavit, whichis on file in the Tribune offices, testifying to its legitimacy.Incidentally, the arrow-shaped stone set in the flagstone approach to the C Bench (see cover) is from thetower of the Old University of Chicago building. Thisstone was also furnished by our good friend, Mr. Koenitzer.* * *Drop in at the Universityvia your loud speaker Fridayevening, January 29, at 10:30EST. Pontiac Motors is making it possible for us to entertain you for half an hour thatevening on its "VarsityShow." The program willcome to you from MandelHall where a thousand students will make up the"studio audience" and theUniversity Symphony Orchestra, the Dramatic Association,the Midway Singers, andBlackfriars will have parts onthe program. John Held, Jr.,(NBC) will do the master of ceremonying.John Held, Jr.Master of CeremoniesAn Informal Twilight Concertwill be given by the University of Chicago Band in the north lounge of theReynolds Club on Sunday afternoon, February 7th, at4 P. M. This will be the first concert appearance ofthe band this season and you are cordially invited todrop in for the hour of music. There will be no chargefor this concert.4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDeKalb Alumnihave taken advantage of the Universityeducational facilities to provide a series of lectures atthe Northern Illinois State Teacher's College under theauspices of the DeKalb County Alumni Club of the University of Chicago. Early this month Professor A. O.Craven of the History department spoke on "And thePursuit of Happiness."On January 20, Harry D. Gideonse, economist of theradio round-table fame will appear before the group.Other speakers on the schedule include Marcus W.Jernegan, professor of History and Mayme I. Logsdon,Chicago's woman mathematician. Assistant Professorof Political Science, Jerome G. Kerwin opened the seriesin December.* * *In the Editor's "Crows Nest"under the northeast cupolaof Cobb Hall hangs a frame enclosing a series of pencilsketches over the signature: "C. LeRoy Baldridge,American Field Service, France" (originals, reproduced in the AEF publication Stars and Stripes duringthe World War).On the oppositewall hangs a morerecent sketch — ¦ bythe same artist —that of PresidentHutchins drawnfor Mr. Baldridge'sClass of Ee-o-lev-enand reproduced inthe class reunionnews sheet soonafter PresidentHutchins arrivedat the University.Since thoseujndergr aduatedays when LeRoywas art editor ofthe Daily Maroon and the Cap and Gown, he has become increasingly prominent as an artist. Mr. Baldridge has always found it difficult to "stay put" geographically—jumping from the Texas Panhandle to Belgium, the Mexican border, back to the Continent forthe War, on to China, West Africa, across the Congo,through Ethiopia (making the first portrait sketch ofthe Ethiopian "King of Kings"), India, Iraq, Persia, andpoints between. In fact, Mr. Baldridge admits hoarding all the money gained by illustrating, book designs,etc., until— having "sufficient car fare collected, mywife and I start for some country about which we knownothing where we attempt to discover the native's ownpoint of view concerning himself and his world. Shewrites her impressions. I sketch my impressions.Funds entirely expended, we return home — we alwaysstart out with a return ticket."And this is precisely what Mr. and Mrs. (CarolineSinger) Baldridge did on their latest collaboration, HalfSketched from a Photographby C. LeRoy Baldridge 'II Across Iran in a Year!Author Singer and artist Baldridge "speed" across a Persian plateau.the World Is Isfahan (it actually isn't, but the statement is an old Iranian proverb!). This book is theoutcome of a leisurely year spent in travel throughPersia — or, for purposes of current accuracy, Iran. Hwas a year spent goodhumoredly ignoring the discomforts and inconveniences of bed, lodging and travel;nibbling dried watermelon seeds with natives whosmoke water pipes; sketching beautiful women, whoonly recently have hesitatingly dropped the veil; andbewhiskered old men squatting over bare feet. Onedoesn't need to be able to read to enjoy Half the Worldis Isfahan. The six full pages of sanguine crayon drawings and more than a hundred marginal sketches speakfor Persia in a most delightful Baldridgeian fashion.And the text by his wife, Caroline Singer, completesthe picture in a pleasing manner. We look forward tothe results of the Baldridges' next hoarding venture.Football (Exclamation Point)We are not sure just howJohn R. Tunis arrived at his conclusions which placedChicago in a Big Ten football class by ourselves underthe heading Amateurs,; Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, andPurdue in the Semi-Pros column ; and listed Minnesota,Northwestern, Ohio State, and Wisconsin as Professionals (American Mercury, Nov. 1936). Many of theone hundred schools he chose to classify were not inclined to agree with Mr. Tunis' allocation (AmericanMercury, Jan. 1937) but Chicago had no reason to raisea voice of protest since Mr. Tunis chose to accept ourposition on university sports at face value.But when the Daily Maroon editorially played witbthe idea of withdrawing from the Big Ten Conferencebecause of recent poor winning records in football, itexcited the newspaper sports world from coast to coast.In spite of the byline on the editorial page of theMaroon which reads, in part : "The University of Chicago assumes no responsibility for any statements appearing in the Daily Maroon. ... All opinions ... arenot necessarily the views of the University administration," many alumni wondered how accurately this editorial expressed the views of the administration.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 5The records show that, while Chicago competes onfairly even terms with other conference schools in manysports, we have, in recent years, been quite consistentlyweak in others. Recognizing that this is not a healthycondition, the Athletic Administration hopes to improvethis situation by giving teams in these sports betteropportunities to win a fair share of their games — not bywithdrawing from the Conference — but by lighteningthe load of Conference games, which will permit moredefinite pointing for these events.jji * #Before Leaving the Subjectof editorials relating to Chicago sports policies — just for fun — let's turn back thepages of the Daily Maroon to the editorial page forThursday, Oct. 25, 1909:There is a certain group of western colleges and universities which produce first rate teams in most branchesand do it consistently from year to year. There is another group in the same area which seldom or neverproduce teams capable of doing strong battle with themembers of the first described group. Should not thesetwo groups be sharply differentiated from each otherinstead of overlapping and artificially retaining relationswhich result in almost grotesque consequences. It seemsto us that a rearrangement of the western institutionsin athletics would work for the betterment of generalathletic conditions throughout the entire area. For instance, a league of Chicago, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota and Illinois would make an admirable combination of comparatively well matched members. . . . Furthermore, would not these . . . interested followers ofathletics like to see their respective alma maters freedfrom enforced relations with institutions chronically subject to the production of minor teams?None of Our BusinessArthur Cody, '24 is a fifth cousinof the late Buffalo Bill. This explains the passes Artalways had when "Bill" Cody's wild west show was atWhite City. It may also explain Art's natural talentin directing the war crys on Stagg Field during histhree-year term as yell leader!Anton J. Carlson (Chairman, Department ofPhysiology), who remarked at the Frank (University ofWisconsin) trial in Madison: "This is the saddest, themost sinister experience I have had in my thirty-fiveyears of American university life," was at the point ofaccepting an attractive appointment at Wisconsin in theearly 1900,s. After a prolonged conference with President Harper he returned to his laboratory explainingthat, though he went to the President's office to announce his resignation, before Dr. Harper had finishedhe (Carlson) would gladly have paid the President$1,500 to be permitted to remain at Chicago! Jay F. Christ (Business Law) JD'20 keeps a hobbyin his basement composed of turning lathes and things.Recently he glued some old chair bottoms together (fromthe original Quadrangle Club furniture) and "turnedout" a set of wooden centerpiece bowls which he presented to the Club for its newly furnished dining room.Professor Christ always puts salt in his drinking waterwhich, again, is none of our business !Senator T. V. Smith (Philosophy) PhD'22 commutes between night legislative sessions in Springfieldand day classes at the University via auto trailer — inwhich he sleeps while his driver carefully avoids thechuck holes between the capitol and the campus.Add Moscow to Maine and Vermont for Landon!The only Moscow vote in the November electionswas from Samuel N. Harper (Russian Language andInstitutions) '02 who spent the fall quarter in Russia.Mr. Harper is in residence this quarter. Which remindsus that we saw Dean W. H. Spencer (Business) andWilliam F. Ogburn (Sociology) back on the quadrangles after their sojourns in Europe.Archer Taylor (Chairman, Germanic Languagesand Literature) has one of the largest riddle librariesin captivity — over 120 volumes. This includes aboutthirty books recently purchased from the FrederickStarr library (Professor Starr also had collected riddlesas a hobby and his library included some rare volumespicked up in the Philippines and in Japan). Mr. Taylor is preparing a bibliography of riddles for publication which will be followed later by another classifyingriddles as to types.Alexander Woollcott appealed to T. V. Smithfor assistance in relieving a mutual embarrassment. Admitting he had never met Senator Smith ofIllinois and the University of Chicago, Woollcott tookthe first few minutes of his firstradio broadcast in more than a ^f^g,year to explain the Smith- ^ ^ ^ AWoollcott predicament. Radio S^r\^r/i Wfans cannot distinguish the voice \ £c j uof one from that of the other. ^^L^L^tLWith his best friends writing ^fl^^ * /jBP^->Woollcott to "come out from cr'jr^H ° nW\^behind his Smith beard," the 4lP TmJmwTown Crier resolved that hisfriends should hear both voices on the same program.Mr. Woollcott, therefore, invited Mr. Smith to be hisguest in New York City for the evening broadcast ofJanuary 21. Mr. Smith regretted that a speakingengagement before the Council of State Governments atthe Hotel Mayflower, Washington, D. C, made hisacceptance, unfortunately, impossible. Woollcott repliedthat he, then, would meet Smith in Washington; theycould appear together on the 5 :30 EST broadcast ; Mr.Smith could follow this with his dinner engagement ; andreturn to the Washington Columbia studios for the latewest coast broadcast. This plan was agreeable to Mr.Smith and we hope you didn't miss the program.WHY IS A SINOLOGIST?• By HERRLEE GLESSNER CREEL, '26, PhD '29. Instructor in Chinese History and LanguageARE all your students preparing to be missionaries ?" But you're not really Chinese, are you ?""Well, why in the world would anybody everstudy the Chinese language anyway ?"These are specimens of the questions which greetedthe writer when he returned to his alma mater in January of 1936 to inaugurate courses in Chinese historyand language, the latter being offered for the first timeas a regular part of the curriculum of the Universityof Chicago. The first two questions may be answeredconcisely and in the negative, but the third requiressome elaboration.There are those who think that a Sinologist is a specialist in Sin, but all readers of these lines are aware,of course, that the word derives from the Greek Sinaiand denotes, according to the dictionary, "one versed inthe Chinese history, language, or literature." Morerealistically, it is a term which pursues unfortunates whoare supposed by the world in general to know everything about everything Chinese, and if not why not?Their lives are spent in a losing battle to convince theworld that nobody could know that much, and to keepfrom becoming convinced themselves that, since all theirassociates consider them oracles on all questions FarEastern, they must, in fact, be pretty nearly right."What is a Sinologist?" is not such a hard question.But why is a Sinologist? Is it worth while for greatuniversities to build up libraries of Chinese books, andto spend money to provide instruction in the variousaspects of Chinese culture? Can any sensible personsuppose that such an investment will ever be justifiedby the enrolment of a reasonable number of students forsuch courses? (As a matter of fact, seven students received credit for Chinese I in the spring of 1936.) Toall these things, why?The reasons most popularly supposed to justify studyof the Far East are of doubtful validity. China is calleda "vast potential market" for our goods, but expertshave long pointed out that the Chinese climate and soilresemble our own, and that manufactured goods usedin China are almost certain to be produced, for the mostpart, in China or in Japan. Those who hope to plumb"the mystery of the Orient" via Chinese are doomed toeven greater disappointment. The thing they are talking about isn't there. There are, to be sure, things genuinely fine, and deep, and beautiful and inspiring inChinese literature, but they can only be reached bymeans of such severe and sustained study that thosewho wring their hands and moon about "the mystery ofthe East" have never even dreamed that they exist.There is an idea that since the Chinese were the firstinventors of printing, and printing from movable type,of silk, paper, gunpowder, the mariner's compass, andso forth, there must be embedded in Chinese literatureand practice many other devices and techniques which we could utilize with profit. This is doubtless true.The drug ephedrine, but yesterday added to the Occidental pharmacopoeia, is merely a refinement of mahuang, which the Chinese have used to treat colds forcenturies. Yet natural science has never been the forteof the Chinese, and if this were the only benefit to bederived we would probably do better to save the moneywhich might be spent on Sinology and use it for research in the medical and physical sciences.Some knowledge of Chinese language and culture isa decided enrichment to the equipment for numerousother fields of study. Professor Radcliffe-Brown utilizes the abundant comparative material which Chinaoffers for the study of social organization. No studentof languages is fully aware of the possibilities for theexpression of human thought who has not an elementaryknowledge of the Chinese writing system, for in it wehave, unique among vehicles for sophisticated literature,one which is based upon the representation of ideas visually, direct to the eye, rather than upon the representation of sound. Western philologists who write ofChinese as a "primitive picture language" merely displaytheir ignorance; I have in my own study original documents thirty-two hundred years old, written in Chinesewhich even at that date had developed far beyond theprimitive and far beyond simple pictography.For psychologists and philosophers alike, some insight into such a means of writing is of the greatest interest and value. Leibnitz examined Chinese with thekeenest interest, more than two hundred years ago, andconjectured that "si nous pouvions decouvrir la clef descaracteres Chinois, nous trouverions quelque chosequi serviroit a l'analyse des pensees." Not only thelanguage is of interest to such „ students. In the FarEast we have the only persisting sphere of sophisticatedthought which has developed on bases entirely differentfrom those of our own, and almost without influencefrom our own until the last century. A sojourn in theworld of Chinese ideas therefore resembles a trip toMars in that it gives one, to an unusual degree, a pointof view of critical detachment from which to examineour own culture. And political scientists should consider the fact that the Chinese developed, more than twothousand years ago, a system of political theory andpractice which has governed more people and more territory, more successfully and for a longer time, withless of fundamental change, than any other ever devisedby the mind of man.Nor can the importance of a knowledge of Chineseculture be ignored by anyone who recognizes the increasing urgency - of international understanding, in aworld whose parts are brought closer together everyday. Historically, Chinese culture is ancestral to thatof Japan also. What will happen in the Far East, politically and culturally, no one can predict with certainty.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 7But one-quarter of mankind will not vanish from theworld overnight, nor will it change its whole culturalbackground in an instant. When Chinese and Japanese students commonly spend something more thanhalf of their time in studying Occidental civilization, itwould seem that a few of us, at least, ought to give some0f our time to understanding theirs, if only not to beat too great a disadvantage in dealing with them.It is a part of the duty of those who supervise courseson the Far East in a university to see that they servethe needs, not only of specialists, but also of studentsfrom other fields, like those mentioned above, who wishonly a glimpse for comparative purposes. But what ofthe study of Chinese culture as a humanistic discipline,in and for itself? If it must act only as a technicalhandmaiden to workers in other fields, it can hardlyhope to attract students of mental vigor and intellectualcreativeness. What can it offer them?Above all, the opportunity to study a living culturewhich is the end-point of the longest unbroken development which the human race has enjoyed. The climaxof that development may be seen, more clearly thanelsewhere, in Chinese literary expression. To hold thatmodern European culture is at all points inferior to theChinese would of course be absurd, but there are respects in which its youth reveals itself unmistakably bya comparative lack of sophistication and complexity.Nowhere is this more evident than in literature. Asrecently as the days of Charlemagne and much later, inE'urope, books and writing were the business of clerics,beneath the dignity of a nobleman to dabble with. Butin feudal China, five hundred years and more before thebirth of Christ, the aristocrat was schooled in historyand music as religiously as in archery and charioteering. More — he was expected to be thoroughly familiarwith a large body of lyric and historical poetry, able toflavor his conversation by the quotation of apt passages.Diplomatic negotiations were conducted at state banquets where, at the appropriate time, the visiting ambassador stated his case largely by means of symbolicpoetry. The ministers who opposed him were thenexpected to be able to cap his quotation, and reply withothers designed to turn the debate to their advantage.A premium was thus placed on learning, and literaryskill, even at this early date, which has increasedthrough all the centuries of the unbroken developmentof Chinese culture, even to our own day.No Dark Ages cut short this development, or brokethis people, as numerous and as widely scattered asthose of Western Europe, into many cultural traditions.Although there was cultural diversity, each of the bestminds of this immense section of humanity contributedto swell the one common current of intellectual and literary development, through three thousand unbrokenyears. Chinese books and poems written two thousandor even three thousand years ago are current Chinesealmost to the same degree that Shakespeare is currentEnglish.The result has been to develop a literary medium ofunparalleled richness and flexibility. The backgroundof reference, the variety of connotation, the interplay ofallusion drawn upon by the skilful Chinese writer are unrivalled elsewhere. Not only the long history of theliterature, but also the very ideographic nature of thewriting itself contribute to this, especially when thefactor of sound, equally available to the Chinese as tous, is superadded. Thus the pleasure derived fromHerrlee Glessner Creelreading great Chinese prose or poetry is on a qualitativelevel quite different from that which can be conveyedthrough less sophisticated languages, just as the interplay of counterpoint gives a Bach fugue a quality whichthe single melodic line of the Gregorian chant can neverrival. The raising of written language to this height ofdevelopment, by the Chinese people, is undoubtedlyamong the major achievements of the human race.It is not surprising, then, that up to 1750 more books(and all of them serious books) are said to have beenpublished in Chinese than in all other languages in theworld combined. Until 1850 books published in Chineseoutnumbered those in any other language, and in 193Cthe largest publishing house in the world was locatedin Shanghai, owned and operated by Chinese.In art, and especially in painting, the Far East ex-cells. It is a common experience of American andEuropean students of art to find that, after some timespent in the study of Chinese and Japanese landscapepainting, the works and the technique of our Westernmasters seem naive and insipid by comparison.But it is not alone in the various fields of artistic expression that China offers much to interest the intellectual adventurer who is not afraid to leave his owrback-yard. We in the West have heard, in the lasldecades, the clarion call of bold historians who have asserted that history must broaden itself to record the development of ideas and institutions, not remaining content with a mere chronicle of kings and battles. Buievery general Chinese historical work, and there aredozens, written during the last two thousand years, hasincluded as a matter of course chapters on the histor)of music, law, literature, religion, economics and similaisubjects, and biographies of outstanding philosopherspoets, scholars, even brigands, as well as of rulersstatesmen, and warriors.To the humanist in the more general sense of theterm the Chinese world is peculiarly fascinating. The8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEunbroken continuity of its culture has allowed lines ofintellectual and social development to run to their logical outcome in a way which has been impossible in thevicissitudes of Western civilization. This may seem aparadox, since we have been taught that Chinese culture, frozen in "immovable conservatism," has neverchanged. But China merely seems not to have changed,by comparison with the West. Greece and Rome hadtheir ages of Pericles and Augustus, after which camethe Dark Ages. Then, beginning with the Renaissance,Europe has had six centuries of development, at anever-increasing tempo. On a graph, this would make asharply rising curve. But it must not be forgotten thatmuch of this rise would be balanced by the sharp drop •from the level of classical civilization which preceded it ;it is debatable whether, in some respects, we have yetwon back to the level of the finest of Greek culture. Agraph of the development of Chinese culture during thelast three thousand years would show, on the otherhand, only minor peaks and valleys, distributed along agradually but steadily rising line.Yet within the steady throb of this inexorable continuity exist the most amazing contrasts. Geographically, China is a land of many climates, and her verymountainous terrain frequently puts them side by side.Cities which have been centers of urban luxury andA Chinese bronze ax,of about the 14thcentury B. C, probably used to decapitate human sacrificial victims. The inscription at the topis a pictograph of aman being decapitated with an ax. Onthe basis of theseand of the oraclebone inscriptions Mr.Creel was able topredict the discoveryof ritually decapitated skeletons in theexcavation of theShang capital. Reproduced by courtesy of the WilliamRockhill Nelson Gallery of Art, KansasCity, Missouri.commerce for millenia exist within a few miles of communities which can be reached only on foot or on a donkey's back, where sometimes even water must be carried up to the inhabitants. Regions which are normallythe greenest and most fertile may be devastated by themost terrible droughts.The Chinese are commonly and with some reasoncalled a pacifistic people, yet their history can probablyshow more and bloodier wars than any which can becompared to it. The T'ai P'ing rebellion, a civil warwhich lasted only about fifteen years in the middle ofthe last century, is said to have cost more lives thanthe entire World War. Impassivity, a fatalistic calm, is considered a Chinese characteristic; there is sometruth in this, yet anyone who has lived among themknows that they are among the most excitable of mortals. They are practical, skeptical, cynical — and thegreatest of hero-worshippers. They are capable of themost exquisite cruelty, and of ineffable tenderness.Their history abounds in the most dastardly betrayalsyet the writer of these lines has never encountered elsewhere such utterly loyal friendship, extending to thepoint of willingness to share an already meager living intime of need, as has been shown even to him, an "outerbarbarian," by Chinese friends.Tourists in China sometimes cry out, in impatience,that the land and the people are wholly primitive. Occidentals who have lived long among them sometimescome to feel that their culture has reached a degree ofsophistication which ours may never attain. There issome truth in both points of view. Simplicity and splendor exist side by side in China, not wholly by accident.Scholars not infrequently live in what we should con>sider squalor, to buy books or perhaps merely in orderto be able to spend half a month's salary on a reallyroyal banquet for their friends. The poor of the cities,and the peasants, barely manage to keep body and soultogether, and seem on the whole to have an extremelygood time doing it. The lower classes are little educated, if at all, yet time after time sons of the poorestfamilies have risen to power and wealth, and the highestgovernmental position, through their prowess in mastering the world's most difficult literature.No annals can show more sordid chapters than thoseof the Chinese imperial court. Yet emperors whosqueezed the last drop from the possibilities of humandebauchery have been succeeded by rulers whose selfless devotion to duty and utter dedication to the welfareof their people would be hard to parallel elsewhere inthe world. The unprincipled conduct of "squeezingmandarins" has been rendered notorious by their critics,in and out of China. Yet where shall we find a higherstatement of principle than that of Confucius: "Withcoarse rice to eat, and my bended arm for a pillow — Istill have joy in the midst of these things. Riches andhonors, acquired by unrighteousness, are to me as afloating cloud." And countless thousands of his followers have engraved these words, not only on their waftfcbut on their hearts as well.What strikes us as contrast is commonly to be foundin the same Chinese individual. Shryock has weftpointed out that "The Englishman Wolfe, on the nightbefore he captured Quebec, recited Gray's 'Elegy'. . • AChinese general would have written the poem himself.The Chinese poet, philosopher, historian, savors thesecontrasts, rolls them under his tongue. He, and evenhis less educated compatriots, know that they are thestuff of which the zest of life is made. And as a partof the age-long battle of human desires against the inevitability of sorrow, he has come to accept, even to 10"sist upon, certain simplicities which the unsophisticattBeasily mistake for naivete.Chinese history is a perpetual Arabian Nights, a Bt*ing tapestry of unparalleled movement and color. **THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 9understand and interpret it is the delight, the despair,the job, of the Sinologist."But hold on!" Ai-ya, it is an informed reader whointerrupts. "Are you talking about Sinology as it is, oras it might be?"He is right. For the most part, I am talking of Sinology as it might be. We must admit that, with notableexceptions, the study of Chinese culture up to this timehas resembled biology before Darwin. Necessarily, butunfortunately, it has consisted largely of quite narrowlytextual studies, concentrated on questions of the dateand authenticity of documents, and matters purely philological, when it has not been merely translation. Theseare important undertakings, prerequisite to the understanding and interpretation of the rich stuff of whichChinese culture is made. But in themselves, if we donot advance beyond them, they make scarcely a beginning of that task.If there was a time, as some have held, when it wastoo early to attempt synthetic interpretation, as opposedto piecemeal analysis, of Chinese social, political and intellectual institutions, that time is past. Today thestudent of Chinese civilization has, ready to his hand,such an array of materials as was never before known.Our knowledge of very ancient China has advancedmore in the last fifteen years than in the previous twothousand. The informed scholar knows far more, today, about the China of three thousand years ago, thandid the Chinese of two thousand years ago.Nor is this knowledge of high antiquity of merelyacademic interest. It is the fascination of the panoramicscroll of Chinese history that every preceding partstands in the closest genetic relationship to all that follows. It is no mere scholar's apology to say that aknowledge of ancient China is prerequisite to understanding current events. Every contending warlordhas in his mind certain great figures and episodes of thepast, which are living and sometimes determining factors in his conduct. The recent episode at Sianfu,where Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek was "detained"by one of his subordinates, is generally described in theOccidental press as utterly baffling. Yet, although suchmodern forces as communism and imperialism in theEuropean style were concerned in the affair, the principal actors moved along perfectly orthodox lines, conforming to Chinese patterns of action governed by relations of a quasi-feudal type which were establisheel thousands of years ago. Political theories thousands ofyears old still find expression in the legislative acts ofthe Chinese Republic. This is true in the West, also,of course. But we know the past of our own world ;we must learn to know that of China, if we wouldunderstand.For practical, then, as well as theoretical reasons —whether we are moved by the urge of the social scientist to plot curves or merely by the intellectual curiosityof the humanist, itching to dip his hands into humanexperience wherever it is thickest, our next, inevitablestep is to study this culture from its very foundations.But this is by no means an easy task.At present, the mere task of acquiring a thoroughreading knowledge of Chinese is so difficult that many have declared it to be impossible for a foreigner. Whilethis is an overstatement, it is true that, with methodsof study previously in use, the acquisition of the abilityto use the wide range of materials necessary for wholly•Xh<tw"Oracle bones," bearing records of divination,excavated in northern Honan, China. Althoughthe oldest Chinese known to archeologists thiswriting is already quite sophisticated. These materials are being used by a group of scholars whoare constructing, at the University of Chicago, anew method for teaching the Chinese languageand literature. The central piece is in the collection of Prof. Cyrus H. Peake of Columbia University, the others in the author's collection.independent research has required some seven to tenyears for the average student. This is an unreasonable demand, and unnecessary. One of the difficultieshas been that in Chinese we have had scarcely a singleimportant text edited with vocabulary and notes for theuse of students, like the dozens which are available inalmost every European language. Furthermore, theideographic nature of Chinese makes a knowledge ofits etymology peculiarly helpful to the student, but mostof that etymology has been lost. Happily, however,much of it has been rediscovered, especially during thelast twenty years, still more in the last decade. Butas yet that new information, based on newly excavatedand newly deciphered inscriptions, exists only inChinese, and even there is scattered in the works ofmany specialists. It is not at all available to the non-Chinese beginner, who needs it most.Steps are now being taken, at the University of Chicago, to cope with these difficulties. Funds have recently-been made available by the Rockefeller Foundation toprovide the salaries of two research scholars, to workin collaboration with the writer for a period of fiveyears. It is planned to edit a series of texts, beginningwith very early material and coming down to thepresent day, including specimens representative of everyimportant style, and a number of the most importantworks of Chinese literature. Every character will beanalyzed, and its etymology traced insofar as that ispossible. Extensive footnotes will deal with each unfamiliar term, every historical figure, every social, political, philosophical or religious concept as it is first encountered. It is hoped, in this way, simultaneously to10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEgive the student a knowledge of the language and theideas with which he must deal, and the backgroundwhich can only come from having actually read a number of the most important of the works which are a partof the background of every educated Chinese. Thegoal will be to naturalize the student, as it were, inthe unfamiliar Chinese world. It is expected that bythis means the time and the drudgery now involved ingaining a command of Chinese literature can be cut inhalf.This is only one of the methods by which, in comingdecades, the study of Far Eastern culture will be puton an entirely new and far more fruitful basis. It ishoped that the University of Chicago will take a leading place in that development. There is every reasonwhy it should. It is located in the United States,which has always regarded the Far East with especialinterest. It is removed alike from the east coast, whichtends to be dominated by traditional European Sinology, and the Pacific coast where study of the FarEast often takes a narrowly practical turn. It is pervaded by a truly cosmopolitan spirit of intellectual curiosity. Its students are accustomed to hard work.Only one thing is lacking — equipment, especially anadequate library of Chinese books. But this is beingdeveloped, and it is hoped that as interest grows thatdevelopment may be more and more rapid.But to come back to our original question: Why is aSinologist? Because, poor fellow, he can't help it.Because once he has been so unwise as to so much astaste of the Chinese characters, they get into his bloodand produce an irritation which can be relieved onlyby the homeopathic remedy of more of the same. Andif he goes further, and once addresses himself to theproblem of understanding Chinese civilization, he islost. Once he becomes involved in the study of this people, so human and understandable and so baffling, sosimple and yet so profound, there is no hope for him.He can never again find satisfaction save in workingaway at the riddles until he has solved them — and heknows before he starts that never, in three lifetimes,could he begin to solve more than a fraction of theproblems he will encounter.But if his self-esteem demands a justification as wellas a reason for his work, he can find it. If vanity requires that he demonstrate, to himself and to the world,that he is worthy of his salt, he can do so. During theDark Ages it was primarily the material heritage ofGreece and Rome which Europe enjoyed. The renaissance, leading to an unparalleled flowering of the humanspirit, began when the intellectual riches of classicalantiquity became available. A not dissimilar situationhas existed in relations with China. Material things,such as silk, paper, and gunpowder, were long ago takenover by the West. There has been far more of intellectual enrichment of our culture from China than isgenerally recognized, but the possibilities have not beentouched. There are still those so blind as to think ofthe future importance of the Far East in terms of trade.China might paraphrase Shakespeare by saying, "Whobuys my goods buys trash." But thorough and profound study of Chinese history, literature, art and philosophy will be among the most important factors leading to the new renaissance upon the threshold of whichwe stand.And it is through the Sinologist that this study mustcome. And so, as he curses his stupidity while he barksthe shins of his brain against problems too big for him,he can console himself with the fact that, in an obscureand unrecognized yet very satisfying way, he is playingan indispensable part in laying the foundations of thenew world culture of the future.New Orleans Alumni DinnerCONVENTION HALL, ST. CHARLES HOTELWednesday, February 24 — 6:30 P.M.Toastmaster: Professor Rollo L. Lyman• • •Professor Mack Swearingen, Tulane UniversityChairman Local Committee SPEAKERS:Dr. Charles Hubbard JuddDr. Edmund Ezra DayRabbi David FichmanCHICAGO'S WORLD INSTITUTIONAMONG the cultural institutions of which Chicagohas reason to be proud the chief unquestionablyis the university that bears the city's name. Wethink the choosing of this name had a significance, anappeal not only to our pride but to our affection, whichought not to be lost as Chicago grows in material wealth,in repute and assured place among the great cities ofthe world.When the university was first given the name andeven when it was revived on broader and firmer foundations, with the formidable aid of Mr. Rockefeller, thenaming was a challenge. For if Chicago already wasknown around the world it was not as a center of thehigher activities of civilization but rather as a vigorousand astonishingly successful pursuer of material ends.The great fire had carried her name to the remotest corners of earth and advertised the indestructible mettle ofher citizens as they sprang to rebuild the city on its hotand smoking ruins. That made and deserved to makeChicago famous, but not for devotion to the higher aimsof civilization. Her citizens, indeed, did little to arouseany suspicion that Chicago had other interests than material achievement They bragged of her swift growthin population, in commerce and transportation, of herskyscrapers and her stockyards. Years after the naming of the university one of her poets could find no morevivid title for her than "Hog Butcher of the World."So when the newborn institution of learning was giventhe name of Chicago it could derive no prestige fromthe name. Quite the contrary. It invited the smile ofpatronage at upstart ambition. A university of Chicago,the higher learning on the frontier — our ingenious pridemight overlook the incongruity, but not a world richin the mellow fruit of time.The naming therefore was a challenge. It was an act offaith, of faith in Chicago and in the university. And whatis better to build upon than a brave and enlightenedfaith — ¦"the substances of things hoped for, the evidenceof things not seen"? How well that faith has been justified in the great institution on the Midway is a partof the history of human progress in our time. From itsmodest beginnings only yesterday it has moved to theforefront of world universities. This is not an assertionof Chicago's celebrated self-esteem. In fact, there isless knowledge of the eminence of its university in thecommunity than there ought to be. If there were moreknowledge there would be more pride. But in the worldconcerned with learning there is no question that one ofrts great institutions is the University of Chicago, whosename has not given bounds to an influence as wide asthe world domain of science and scholarship., This editorial appeared in the Chicago Daily Tribune Christmas morn-tn9, 1936, and is reprinted here by permission of the Chicago Tribune. Yet if Chicago's university belongs to the world itmust always have a special significance for this community and region. It is true that from the beginningand especially from its rebirth in 1890 the universityhas been no mere local affair in either organizaion orinspiration. The first great president, William RaineyHarper, was a son of Ohio and a graduate of Yale.The donor whose lavish and enlightened generositymade possible Harper's ambitious plans, the elder Rockefeller, was another Ohioan, and his son, who has maintained and extended his^ policy, has never lived in thewest. The great faculties which at once attracted theattention of the learned world to the new universitywere drawn from the old world as well as from the new,and are today. The present head of the university,President Hutchins, is, like its first president, a son ofYale. Among the latest additions to its faculties arethe leading German classical scholar, Prof. Werner Jaeger from Berlin; the philosopher, Prof. Carnap ofPrague; the Latinist, Dr. Kurt Latte of Goettingen.In short, the university draws from the world's scholarship and scientific genius and pays back its debt ingenerous measure. Three times men of its departmentof physics have been honored with the Nobel prize. Thework of its faculties ranks high and in some instancesfirst in their respective fields.We shall return to this again, but here we would saythat, in a special sense which Chicagoans should neverforget, the university has expressed and expresses theliving spirit of the city and is its highest witness to theworld. Chicago has had enough and too much perhapsof advertisement of material achievements. We havereason to be honorably proud of them. They have beenthe body of the young city's greatness, but not its soul.From the first the strong sons of Chicago amidst thedust and heat of their labors, dreamed dreams of a citynot made with hands, a city which should hold its headhigh among the great cities of the world, making its owncontribution to the stores of civilization, to its knowledge, its beauty, its humane progress. Undaunted inthe mud of its frontier streets, undaunted in the smokingruins of its young accomplishments, the Hog Butcherof the World dreamed on and made his dreams cometrue. Out of these dreams came the university. Forall its world fame and influence it is intimately ours, ourhonored witness wherever the high pursuit of truth ishonored, wherever civilized man wrestles with the greatissues of his fate.Let us cherish the university which has so honoredand served Chicago in the highest sense. Let us makeit a conscious part of our thought and love of the city,helping as we can to foster and enlarge its service tomankind.11HIGHER LEARNINGIn Universities — Research or Metaphysics?By WILLIAM CROCKER, PhD '06 and OTIS W. CALDWELL, PhD '98THIS article does not attempt to discuss systemsof general education whether these involve thework of elementary or secondary schools on onehand or the work of colleges and universities on the other.It does discuss the part that universities are playing andshould play in creative scholarship, or research and inthe correlation of research findings in the various fields.The authors hold that research and the correlation of thefindings of research are very important functions ol universities. In fact, they are distinctive functions of universities in contrast to colleges.We will attempt to answer the following questions.What is the status of creative scholarship in the UnitedStates today? What types of institutions are doingbasic research? Is it being done effectively? Are thefindings in the several fields being correlated so as toarrive ultimately at basic principles?President Hutchins would have us believe that research involves the collection of data only, and that thecollection of data in any field and for any purpose isequally important in the minds of research men. Hespeaks of the chaos of data collecting. We saw a pile ofsteel, stone, and other material on 34th Street of NewYork City a few years ago. This with the steam shovels,trucks, an dworkmen gaveone the impression of theworst chaos.What came outof this chaos —the EmpireState Building,to many abeautiful anduseful structure, in anycase a beautifully correlatedwhole.To a scientist the collection of data onany subject ismerely a meansto an end. Theend is the establishment ofbasic laws according to which mind or matter operates. Not only is the end to be attained definite but thecollecting of the data proceeds in an orderly way underthe direction of hypotheses. If the process appearschaotic to the observer, it is because his viewpoint iscasual. Otis W. Caldwell Where is the research being done in the United Statestoday and what is the relation of the universities to it?We should name first of course the graduate or researchdepartments of universities, but two other groups of institutions, institutes and industrial organizations, are do-.ing much basic research.The universities not only do much basic research butthey train young men both in technic and knowledge ofdisciplines needed in the research in institutes and industrial organizations.As illustrations we may mention a few of the institutes that are active in basic research: California Institute ; Rockefeller Institute ; Brookings Institution ; andOriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Primarily these institutes are all searching for basic factsand laws. Indeed institutes have come into existencebecause of society's need of more knowledge of basicprinciples and of the need of better coordination ofknowledge. On the other hand probably none ofthem objects to the application of their basic findingsto practice. In biology, at least, the basic findings areoften modified and enriched by studying them in relation to nature and practice, for these offer a range notexistent in controlled experimental conditions of thelaboratory.As illustrations we also mention amongst the manyindustrial research laboratories that are doing much basicresearch: General Electric; American Telephone andTelegraph; Mellon Institute; Dow Chemical Company;and Eli Lilly Biological Laboratories. Offhand one mightexpect these organizations to be interested in what President Hutchins calls "the tricks of the trades." The fact,however, is quite opposite. The best of the industriallaboratories have learned that the final solution of practical problems is found in the establishment of basic lawson which the practical problems depend. When thebasic laws are established their application to the solution of the practical problems is simple.Dr. W. R. Whitney, organizer and for many yearsdirector of the General Electric Research Laboratoriesproperly resents the designation of his laboratory as anindustrial research laboratory. He thinks of it as alaboratory in which basic research on physics is conducted. Dr. Langmuir's work on the behavior of gasesin high vacuum electric bulbs, and various gases at various pressures in electric bulbs was all conducted fordetermining the basic laws of behavior of gases. Atno stage of this work did Dr. Whitney require of Dr.Langmuir that he produce money-making results. Dr.Whitney was asking for the laws of the behavior of theproducts of the Company. Dr. Langmuir's work meetsthe acid test of President Hutchins, "Knowledge for itsown sake." Perhaps many of us would not be asascetic as President Hutchins and would say knowledge12THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 13, its own sake and for any other service, mental, phys-. j or social that it renders mankind. It is a by-productof research that Dr. Langmuir's studies gave us a nitron-filled Tungsten filament electric bulb that furnishesthe people of the United States their light for one milliondollars a day less than it formerly cost with the oldvacuum carbon filament bulb. It is also incidental thatthese researches of Langmuir developed a simple methodof atomizing hydrogen which led to the development ofthat remarkable technological apparatus, the atomic hydrogen welder. The Nobel prize was granted to Dr.Langmuir not because he gave humanity cheap lightor the atomic hydrogen welder but because he establishedcertain basic physical laws. Dr. Whitney's attitude toward research has done much to prove to industries generally that basic research is of the sort that in the longrun gives the only sure solution of practical problems.As a consequence industrial research as it is going onin the United States today is adding continuously andmaterially to our basic knowledge of the universe andits operation.The universities as they are operated today perform avery important function in relation to the basic researchof institutes and industries. They train in the technic andthe knowledge of the various disciplines, the young peoplewho are to do the research in institutes and industries.Institutes and research laboratories in general have onegreat advantage over department research laboratoriesin universities. They can put several men and womenwith training in diverse technics and disciplines to workon one problem and arrive at its solution in all of itsrelations. This overcomes the narrowing effect of departmental organization. If universities are reorganizedon the basis suggested by Dr. Hutchins, they will ceaseto teach and develop technics or knowledge of disciplinesin any considerable detail. Where would the researchinstitutes and other research laboratories get properlytrained personnel ? The only solution of these personnelproblems would be for the research organizations toform a new university for training young men as theuniversities are now doing. Whatever virtues Dr. Hutchins' type of university may have as a factor in generaleducation, and we are not discussing that point in thispaper, it will fail in a prime function that the universitiesare now fulfilling — creative scholarship, research.Fifteen to twenty years ago the University of Chicagowas considering the formation of research institutes inconjunction with various departments similar to theOriental Institute founded in 1919. If such an institute were formed in conjunction with the various Chemistry Departments one would assume that it would dealwith chemistry in its broadest sense. If biochemistrywere included in the institute, biological workers trainedin various fields would need to be included to deal withthe basic chemical laws of plant, animal, and humandevelopment, nutrition, and perhaps even psychology.The physical-chemical phase of the subject would demand a close connection with physics and no doubtgeology and many other subjects would have interestin such an institute. In such an institute basic lawswould be developed in relation to all matter, living andinert. Institutes connected with other departments should develop similar large basic principles.The teaching departments as now constituted wouldtrain the research workers for these institutes both intechnic and knowledge of disciplines. These young workers would get their apprenticeships in basic scientific research in such institutes. Through their contacts withdirectors and students with whom they work on givenprojects or with persons working on other projects withinthe institutes, the young investigators would learn thegeneral relationships of the basic laws established. Eachinstitute should correlate the findings in its own field.The correlation of all fields of knowledge should bebrought about by conferences between the leaders ofthe several institutes within the university and as manyother research institutes as could be contacted. In factthis process is now in operation. This conception makesresearch institutes, freed from the narrowing effects ofdepartmental organization activities, the great centers ofcreative scholarship and the instruments for the correlation of the basic principles established in all fields ofresearch. The presence of such institutes on the campuswould do much to broaden the outlook of the departments and to overcome the evil of isolation.This conception is quite different from that of President Hutchins. In this conception the institutes are anintegral part of the university and its crowning featurein creative scholarship and in the correlation of the basicprinciples established by research in various fields ofknowledge. President Hutchins would have the researchinstitutes apart from the university and far enough awayso they would not interfere with the peaceful speculationsof the faculties in metaphysics and similar fields of instruction. Likewise, this would make the active workersin creative scholarship the instruments of correlation ofknowledge since they know the many bearings as wellas the limitations of thebasic principlesthey are to cor-relate. Forthese reasonsthey are muchbetter preparedto c o r r e lateknowledge thanthe metaphysician who President Hutchinsimplies shouldbe the correlators.Pres identHutchins fearsthat the ever-increasing spe-c i a 1 i z a t i onwhich results insubdividing theold disciplines into smaller and smaller units will lead toconfusion and isolation of investigators. Our observations of the research at this institute lead us to theopposite conclusion. Never was there a time whenWilliam Crocker14 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEresearch workers in many fields were so much interestedin the findings in all related fields. Basic discoveriesat this institute on the structure and composition of cellulose have called forth the interest of men in many diversefields. Scientists doing basic research in the severalcellulose industries are reworking their problems in thelight of these basic discoveries. Cytologists are studyinganew the wall formation in plants. The animal workerson wool, cartilage, etc., are restudying their materialsto learn whether they are dealing with structures similarto cellulose. Even an investigator of the origin of coalis finding "cellulose particles" in some of the coals. Ourdiscoveries on growth-modifying chemicals are interesting chemists, students of plant propagation, investigatorsof animal hormones, the students of cancer, and manyother scientists. The synthesis of science or the correlation of the findings of the various fields is taking careof itself because the scientific men are seeking basic relations in the whole field of science. Technics must ofnecessity develop and multiply as means of establishingnew quantitative relations, but the prospect is that basicconclusions will be simplified as we derive more andmore general laws that underlie the behavior of all livingand inanimate matter.Now let us examine President Hutchins' proposal formaking metaphysics the central feature in universitywork. Some modern scholars differ radically from President Hutchins on the value to be placed on metaphysics.John Stuart Mill for instance says, "Metaphysics, thatfertile field of delusions, propagated by language." TheGreek philosophers who gave birth to metaphysics, assertions about nature of being and nature of knowledge, alsowrote on natural philosophy. Their assertions concerning plants, for instance, have now been thoroughly investigated by the inductive method and found to be eitherentirely wrong or only part truths. Is there any reasonto believe that their assertions in the field of metaphysics,for which to date we have not developed experimentalmethods for testing, have any larger ratio of truth? Modern psychology in conjunction with physiology and physiological chemistry is now edging into limited phases ofmetaphysics and in due time will test out some of theconclusions of metaphysics.At best the assertions of metaphysics correspond only to the hypotheses of scientists. Hypotheses constituteonly the first step in the inductive method of establishing truth. The assertions of the Greek philosophers concerning plants, served as hypotheses ior experimentalbotanists.Perhaps speculative philosophy is a better term thanmetaphysics for it shows how one arrives at the body ofassertions.There is another reason why metaphysics forms a poorbasis for education, especially the creative phases of education. There is probably no field where there is moredisagreement. Each philosopher has his own interpretation of the nature of being and the nature of knowledgeand disagrees in most conclusions with many other philosophers and in some conclusions with practically allphilosophers. The metaphysician can not even agree onjust what metaphysics includes, whether it deals entirely or mainly with the nature of existence, ontology,entirely or mainly with the nature of knowledge, episte-mology, or whether it has to do equally with both. Onemay say that many disagreements exist in science andthe statement is true, but disagreements in science differ radically from disagreements in metaphysics. Disagreements in science lead to further investigation withexact experimental methods which in turn finally leadto the establishment of basic laws of the behavior ofmind or matter. This steadily reduces the personal element and steadily increases the objective element. Disagreements in metaphysics lead to more assertions andmultiply disagreements.President Hutchins speaks often of "first principles."Perhaps it would be well to make a list of the "firstprinciples." The authors fear to offer such a list. Ifthey assert "We exist" some metaphysician may questionit. If they assert "The universe is essentially a unit"the dualist will question it. If they assert "God isanthropomorphic in nature" pantheists will question it. Ifthey assert "The universe is dual in nature" pantheistswill question that also.Now which will form the. better basis for higher university work, the speculative and uncertain assertionsof metaphysics or the proved body of accumulated andrapidly accumulating knowledge of the laws of the universe contributed by inductive investigation?The following alumni entertained at a dinner in honor of Dr. George Edgar Vincent, PhD '96, LLD '11, at theMetropolitan Club, New York City, on the evening of December 16, 1936:Cyrus LeRoy Baldridge, '11L. J. Bevan, '03Allen T. Burns, '97Otis W. Caldwell, PhD '98Charles V. Drew, '99Rowland H. George, '16Frank H. Gilchrist, '02 Frederick W. Griffiths, '15Harry A. Hansen, '09Charles S. Hayes, '02J. Parker Hall, '27Frank B. Jewett, PhD '02Harry O. Latham, '10Rob Roy MacGregor, '28Lee W. Maxwell, '05 Tames M. Nicely, '20Cecil Page, '98Ellmore C. Patterson, '35E. E. Quantrell, Ex. '05Max S. Rhode, MD'08David H. Stevens, PhD '14Richard Roelofs, '17NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESON the last day of the year, President Hutchinsannounced that the General Education Board hadmade a grant of $3,000,000 to the University fordevelopment of the south side Medical School and theimprovement of the University generally. This, thelargest unrestricted gift the University has ever received,is a solid sort of tribute to the achievements of the University in science and education, for the eastern boardssupport work only when they think it is of such a levelas to merit support. The grant, therefore, is to be addedto those other various flattering estimates of the University's position in American education.Although there were no limits placed on the discretion of the trustees in spending the money, the discussion leading to the grant emphasized the needs of thesouth side Medical School, and about $360,000 a yearwill be used in that sector. Already thirty-six beds inAlbert Merritt Billings Hospital have been convertedfrom pay to free beds, and ten new beds in the BobsRoberts Hospital for children have been added. Thisprovision of free beds will increase the educational andscientific effectiveness of the medical faculty, for members of the staff will be able to admit selected cases onthe basis of research interest and teaching use, withoutregard to ability of the patients to pay their way. Withthe new arrangement, 218 of the 519 beds in the University Clinics group of hospitals are now entirely free. Butthe November statistics of the Chicago Council of SocialAgencies show that 47.69 per cent of the work done inthe Clinics was free, an average percentage for the groupat any time.Approximately $240,000 a year will be used to maintain the University generally and will permit urgentlyneeded development in several directions. During thedepression, the Board of Trustees authorized the administration to draw heavily on the reserves, and althoughthe country is now out of the depths, that improvementhas not yet been reflected in educational income. AtChicago, faculty salaries were not cut, but there werevery few salary increases, and with better economic conditions there is the likelihood of "raids" by other institutions that might take good men. Some of the money,therefore, will be used for salary increases; some will beused for new appointments. Purchase of books for thelibrary, once stopped completely, and still seriouslylimited, will be possible, as will support of research thathas been blocked because funds were not available forequipment.The language of the General Education Board madeclear that its primary interest was in medicine, but thata strong medical school could not develop apart from astrong university because of the dependence on gooddepartments in the natural sciences. In its resolution,the Board said: "Whereas the Board wishes to help theUniversity of Chicago to make provision for the futureneeds of its School of Medicine and Clinics, having inmind that a strong university of the highest intellectual • By WILLIAM V. MORGENSTERN, '20, JD '22standards is a vitally important background for such aschool . . ."Also made very definite by the Board was the fact thatit regarded itself as having no peculiar responsibility tothe University. "We do not recognize such a responsibility, nor have our trustees ever considered that theywere under any obligation to the University that differedin any way from the obligation which they have to otherinstitutions of similar rank," the resolution said. Thegift of the foundation will be spent in five or six years ;implied in its making was an implication that upon otherfriends of the University rested the responsibility ofbeing the source for replacement money when the gift isspent. The University therefore, President Hutchinssaid, will undertake to raise additional endowment of notless than $15,000,000 to replace this current expenditurefund. This effort will begin immediately, but no organized public "drive" is contemplated. Instead the trusteeswill engage in a continuous effort over the period.Faculty Honors in Learned SocietiesAs is their annual custom, the faculty spent theirChristmas vacation attending the meetings of learnedsocieties. Fourteen of the societies in the humanities andsocial sciences held their meetings in Chicago, and sofor many of the Chicago men their travelling was confined to the I. C. The unwritten rule for the conductof these society meetings is that the visitors are givenfirst rights on the program, and so the number of paperspresented by the University men was relatively small.Five of the Chicago group were presidents of their respective societies : Professor George G. Bogert, Association of American LawSchools; Dr. Anton J.Carlson, American Association of UniversityProfessors; ProfessorWarder C. Allee, Societyof American Zoologists;Professor John T. McNeill, American Societyof Church History; Professor Charles H. Bee-son, Medieval Academyof America. Dr. Carlsonhas one more year of hispresidential term toserve. Chicago men haveheld so many presidencies of societies in recentyears that temporarilythe number is decreasing,but Professor John H.Cover of the School of Business was elected a vice-president of the American Statistical Association, Associate Professor Carey Croneis of geology was namedFaris, 1937 president of AmericanSociological Society.1516 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBuck elected president of LinguisticSociety of America. vice-president of thePaleontological Societyof America ; ProfessorEllsworth Faris waselected president of theAmerican SociologicalSociety ; Professor CarlD. Buck heads the Linguistic Society of America,and Associate ProfessorAdolph Noe is presidentof the PaleontologicalSection of the BotanicalSociety of America.Chicago-trained scientists were signally honored by the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement of Science,largest scientific societyin the country, in the Association's elections for 1937.Of the four newly-elected general officers of the Association, three are Doctors of Philosophy of the Universityof Chicago. Of the fifteen vice-presidents of the Association, who are also chairman of sections, seven areformer students at the Midway campus and two othersare former Chicago faculty members. Prof. George D.Birkhoff, of Harvard, new president of the Association,received the Ph.D. at the University in 1907. Prof.Forest R. Moulton, the Association's new permanentsecretary, won the Chicago Ph.D. in 1909 and served onthe faculty for nearly 30 years. Dr. Otis W. Caldwell,of the Boyce Thompson Institute, the new general secretary, took the Ph.D. in 1898, and later served on thefaculty. Vice-presidents of the Association for 1937,who head sections, including the following from the University of Chicago.Physics section— Harvey Fletcher, Bell Telephone Co.,Ph.D. 1911 ; Geology and Geography section — KirtlyMather, Harvard, Ph.D. 1915; Zoological Sciences section — Ralph Lillie, professor of physiology, Ph.D. 1901 ;Medical Sciences section — Dr. Esmond R. Long, University of Pennsylvania, A.B.1911, Ph.D.1919, M.D.1926; Education section — Ralph W. Tyler, Ohio StateUniversity, Ph.D.1927 ; Botanical Sciences section —Frank E. Denny, Boyce Thompson Institute, Ph.D. 1916;Engineering Sciences section — Joseph W. Barker, Columbia University, Chicago student, 1909-10. TheAstronomy section is headed by Philip Fox, AdlerPlanetarium, who was a member of the Chicago facultyfrom 1903 to 1909. The section on Social and Economic sciences is headed by Stuart Rice, U. S. Bureau ofthe Census, who was a member of the Midway staff,1932-33.What Price Lawyers?Although the profession of law may be overcrowded,people of modest means do not receive the legal servicesthey need, Professor Bogert said in his presidentialaddress to the law schools association. He suggesteda factual survey of alleged overcrowding in the profession, and of the legal service available to those of smallincomes. If the profession is overcrowded, law schools are acting unethically in admitting so many students, particularly those of poor or modest ability, ProfessorBogert believes. He pointed out that 113 law schools,training 54 per cent of all students, are not members ofthe Association and their graduates are having a markedeffect on the bar. And in passing, Professor Bogert paidhis respects to law books. Too many of them are "hackwork, done with scissors, paste pots, and digest or head-note paragraphs ; expanded by printing devices to excessive size."Federal Aid in EducationInequalities of educational opportunity may producean appalling effect on American cultural and political institutions, Newton Edwards, professor of education, toldthe American Sociological Society. Sections of thecountry with the poorest economic conditions are carrying the largest burden of education ; workers in the southeast having an 80 per cent larger educational load thando those in the Far West, for example. Although 31per cent of the nation's children are on farms, only 9per cent of the national income goes to farmers. Disparities in distribution of children and income are reflected in differences of school efficiency and educationalopportunity. The only solution, Professor Edwardsbelieves, is federal aid to education.Births and Deaths in the CityPhilip M. Hauser, instructor in sociology, read a paperbefore the American Sociological Society showing thatbirth-rates and death-rates in Chicago definitely tend todecrease away from the center of the city and toward theboundaries. His results are in accord with the theory ofProfessor E. W. Burgess that cities grow along lines ofradial expansion and that their structure is one of concentric circles or zones. The lowest birth rate occurs inthe "Gold Coast" district; the highest in the slum areasadjoining the central business district of the city. Thelowest illegitimate birth rate is found in a single-homeand two-flat area well toward the periphery of the cityand with an equivalent monthly rental of $62.00. Highest illegitimate birth rate occurs in a slum communitypredominantly Negro. An inverse ratio is found betweenfertility level and economic level of the community section of thecity, but other factors,such as race and religion,enter into the explanation. The highest rateof "natural increase" isin a slum area, largelypopulated by Italians ;the highest rate of natural decrease is in "Ho-boemia."When Shall WePay Our Debts?Rapid retirement ofthe federal debt by imposition of the largest Edwards recommends federal aid topossible amount of tax education.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17Leland suggests method for maintainingnational credit.which can be collected and still allow a reasonable rate0f business expansion was advocated by Simeon E.Leland, professor of economics, at the meeting of theAmerican Economics Association. All the economicarguments are in favor of rapid repayment of the debtincurred in fighting the depression, Professor Lelandsaid. Unless the debts are extinguished before the nextsevere economic crisis comes, the nation probably willcumulate rather thandecrease its publicdebt, and as eachsucceeding depression adds its portionof debt, the creditrating of the government will becomeprogressively lower.Such an accumulation of debt, exceptthose for capital assets such as publicworks, is tantamountto paying currentexpenditures fromcapital rather thanfrom national in-come. To meetemergencies such as depression and war on favorableterms demands that the nation must maintain its credit,and the best way to do so is by prompt retirement of thedebt, Professor Leland contended."Translated into concrete terms, the United Statesmust have a period of genuine debt liquidation before theadvent of the next severe depression or next war, forwhich public loans will be required," he said. "Withinterest rates at their present low level the federal government can carry the present volume, or even an increased amount of debt with ease. But the ability tocarry a debt is not the only criterion of credit capacity.Nor is the present low interest rate a demonstration ofthe soundness of the credit of the nation. Rather, in thepresent situation, it is an index of the paucity of alternative high-grade investment. Unless the government andits people have the will to retire this new debt beforelarge public credits are needed again, it may never beable to borrow as much as it needs on such occasions oron as favorable terms again."The abnormally low rate of federal interest is temporary, and unless the public debt is speedily retired,huge capital losses will be inflicted upon holders of federal securities when rates of interest increase, the Chicago economist pointed out."The policy which the state should adopt is to imposethe largest possible amount of taxes for debt repaymentwhich can be collected and still allow a reasonable rateof increased production, or, as it may be termed, business expansion." Professor Leland told the meeting."The amount of reasonably possible taxation will varyfrom time to time. It can be increased, for example,whenever business activity passes from the stage of ordinary production to inflation. It can reasonably be decreased, too, with economic depression."The greater the length of the period of repayment, the less will be the probable effect of taxation for debtservice on the distribution of wealth. The longer theperiod, the less likely it is that the debt will be paid byprogressive taxation for the less steep the progressionwill be. Conversely, the shorter the period and thegreater the amounts of payment the more likely areprogressive taxes to be employed."Progress in RussiaThree members of the faculty returned at the end ofthe quarter from observational trips in Europe, andalthough the Spanish crisis was at its height, none of thethree, William F. Ogburn, sociologist; Samuel Harper,Professor of Russian Language and Institutions, andMelchior Palyi, research economist, was of the opinionthat war is imminent abroad. To the Council of ForeignRelations Professor Harper reported his observationson Soviet Russia. The trip was his seventeenth to thatcountry, the series having begun in 1904, when he witnessed the famous "Bloody Sunday" Eastern Revolution,and his fifth since the Bolshevist revolution of 1917. Hisvisit coincided with the constitutional congress in theKremlin the last days of November. The new constitution, Professor Harper says, introduces socialism and notcommunism, the latter being the ultimate aim. Thesocialist character of the present regime derives from thefact that there is practically no private ownership of theimplements of production, a result achieved by expropriation of property owners and "liquidation" of wholeclasses, including the richer peasants. All capital goodsare now either state owned or held by collective units,such as collective farms.The Soviet Union gives legal recognition to personalproperty, such as earnings, savings, the home in whichthe individual lives, a cow or two, and the products ofthe garden. There is a differential in wages, on the basisof ability andzeal, so that theindividual can acquire a differentialshare of consumers' goods.There are inMoscow todayseveral successfulwriters who earnenough to beclassified as millionaires. By anamendment introduced at the constitutionalgress, theof inheritance ofpersonal property Harper returns from hi$ seventeenth trip tohas been granted. Russia.The equalitarianprinciple of socialism is applied, however, in guarantiesto all as to work, leisure time, education, and social insurance.Russian elections will be universal, equal, direct and bysecret ballot ; there is to be freedom of the press, speech,and association. But the issues which come up atc o n-right18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECroneis directed the scientific filming of geology films.elections, and the subjects that can be discussed, must bekept within the established framework. There can beno raising of the question of a return to capitalism, orof abandoning collectivization or the nationalization ofindustry. In the American sense, therefore, there is nopolitical liberty, but the Soviet leaders believe that thesocial-economic structure they have built gives more economic freedom to a largernumber of their peoplethan previously, and onthat basis claim for theconstitution that it is oneof the most democratic.The constitution establishes on a legal basiswhat has been a fact, theCommunist Party's monopoly of leadership. Cultural and material progress during the past twoyears is unquestionable,but life is still hard, thereis still a shortage of manyarticles of consumption,and . prices are high.Production methods inagriculture and industry are improving,but labor is still unproductive and management inefficient as compared to western industrial countries.Helped Roosevelt with SpeechOn the American scene, Charles E. Merriam, MortonD. Hull Distinguished Service Professor of PoliticalScience, and Louis L. Brownlow, head of the PublicAdministration Clearing House, which is in close physical and working relationship to the University, were twooLthe three members of the committee which made a special report to President Roosevelt on the administrativereorganization of the national government. The President made the report the basis of his message to Congresson January 12 ; if the changes recommended by the reportare adopted, the administrative branch of the governmentwill be completely revamped. Political commentatorshave said that if the President achieves the revision asrecommended that achievement probably will stand as thegreatest accomplishment of his administrations. Reportsto Presidents of the United States are becoming a usualjob for Professor Merriam, who served as vice-chairmanin charge of research for the Hoover Social TrendsStudy.Two volumes of modest size by President Hutchins,No Friendly Voice, and the later book containing hisStorrs lectures at Yale, The Higher Learning inAmerica, have precipitated a national inquiry and discussion of the aims and contents of education on a scalethat the academic world has not known in many a year.Currently, Professor John Dewey, one-time Chicagofaculty member, is probably the most active critic of Mr.Hutchins's ideas for bringing order into education,although apparently Dr. Dewey agrees to a large extentwith Mr. Hutchins's diagnosis of the disorders. A "Report to Stockholders"An audience that filled Orchestra Hall assembled onJanuary 13 to hear President Hutchins give to Chica.goans a "report to stockholders," and to see three ofthe recent educational sound motion pictures developedunder the scientific direction of members of the physicalsciences faculty. Associate Professor Walter Bartkythe scientific director of astronomy films, introduced thitwo latest pictures: "The Earth in Motion," and "TheMoon." Associate Professor Croneis, director of thepictures in geology, introduced "Volcanoes."Half the resources of the University, PresidentHutchins said, have come from the people of Chicago-half from Mr. Rockefeller and the Boards he established'In its forty-five years the University has made excellentuse of its resources, the report said, and as corroboration were cited the report of the American Council onEducation which gave the University the largest proportion of distinguished departments of any institution offering a full university ; the fact that in American Men ofScience the University has attained the largest percentage of starred scientists, and the Embree study,which ranked Chicago and Harvard as the first universities of the country. There is also the long list ofChicago educational inventions, beginning with those ofPresident Harper, such as the quarter system, the juniorcollege, and the university press, and extending to thepresent in such developments as the Chicago Plan, theuse of radio for educational purposes, including such Chicago instituted experiments as cooperation ofother institutions in theUniversity BroadcastingCouncil, and the incorporation of talking motion pictures into classroom work on the Midway quickly adopted bymany other colleges andhigh schools. Typicalalso of the University'sapproach was its refusalto be a training schoolfor governmental employees, and its actionon the university levelof bringing the organizations of governmentalofficers, grouped into thePublic AdministrationClearing House, to the Midway and close associationwith the University. By such an innovation as its unprecedented agreement with the University of Texas, asaving of $2,000,000 of research money was achievedbecause Texas built a new observatory and Chicagostaffed it. Both the "report" and the pictures — whichPresident Hutchins warned were not entertainment-were cordially received by the distinguished audience.Julius StieglitzThe death on January 11 of Julius Stieglitz, professor-emeritus of chemistry, ended the forty-three year(Continued on Page 29)Bartky, scientific directorastronomy films. of newMYRA REYNOLDS• By LILY BESS CAMPBELL, PhD '21I WAS at the hospital the morning of the day onwhich Myra Reynolds died. It was a curiously impressive experience to be there. There were manypeople about, and all of them sorry. Not once did Ihear anyone say that it was better so, or speak of deathas a blessed relief. And I thought how strange that thedeath of a woman eighty-three years old, a woman without husband or children, should seem to call for noneof the usual words by which we reconcile ourselves todeath. To die without anyone's wanting to talk about"Sleep after toyle, port after stormy seas. Ease afterwarre, death after life," seems to me a triumphant closeto life.Inevitably I called to mind a talk with Miss Reynoldswhich I had had a year or more ago. We were sittingon the porch of her Palos Verdes home, looking out overthe Pacific and talking in desultory fashion of this andthat — of her copies of Japanese prints — of her work onthe family history — of my work at the Huntington Library. Suddenly she said, "Lily Bess, I think I've livedlong enough now to know. Everyone always told methat when I was old, I should be sorry that I'd lived thekind of life that I'd chosen to live, that I'd be lonely."She concluded with a chuckle, "And I'm not."We talked on and on. Life could not be long enough,she thought, to let her do all the things she wanted todo. She was busy every waking moment. Life wasgood. She had the ocean and a home full of things sheloved (for Miss Reynolds did love things), so many interesting people came to see her (and people did becomeinteresting when Miss Reynolds looked at them), hernieces and nephews and their children were such a constant surprise to her in their wonderfulness, she washaving a good time rereading old family letters for herfamily history, she wondered whether Helen Hugheshad got anything out of the letters she was going to tryto see in England, and she was watching the development of the new Chicago plan and wished people wouldtell her exactly what they thought. Sometimes theywrote from Chicago without even mentioning the plan.There was so much she wanted to know.When last summer Miss Langley succeeded in gettingher to buy a car she was not afraid of, and to engage adriver she would trust, Miss Reynolds set out to seethe California missions. Trip by trip she saw them.There was so much she wanted to see.Even a professional humorist — or Mr. Mencken-would have had to change his ideas of the womanscholar if he had ever seen Miss Reynolds. She wasn^ttall and thin but short and Mr. Polly-ish. She wasn'tgrim, and she wasn't taut, and she didn't grind at things.She always seemed to be doing just what she wanted todo and to be having a grand time doing it. She neverchose her clothes for an endurance test, and she didn'twear brown or gray. She wore green and liked it, and Myra ReynoldsIn the patio of Klipnocky, her California home overlooking the sea.if she did once make the Phi Beta Kappa address atVassar in a handsome green silk that she had put onfront side behind, she assured me that she had neverfelt better dressed.But look it or not, Miss Reynolds was a pioneerwoman scholar. She was appointed as one of the firstfour fellows in English at the University of Chicago,and she was the only woman among the four. She itwas who planned a way of life for women studentsthere, and the first dormitory for women at Chicago wasNancy Foster Hall with Miss Reynolds at its head,quietly going about making it a beautiful and pleasantplace for women to live. Life in Foster Hall was normal, busy, happy, and she saw to it that traditions ofbeauty grew about her. Sunday supper in the glow offirelight and candlelight served off the very best china,and stories and music afterward in front of the fire.Parties with the best caterers and good decorations.Furniture chosen piece by piece for its beauty andrarity. Dinner served formally after she had led theway into the dining-room. Maids straight from Irelandto give spice to the beauty. But she never acted asthough she knew she was giving academic Puritans thejitters by making life in a dormitory gracious insteadof business-like. (Her quiet malice was one of hercharms.)She was the first woman given a full professorshipat the University of Chicago, and she remained uniquein her position for many years. But I never heard anyman administer the compliment which is the test of(Continued on Page 25)19Like the ancient Maya, these present Indians recognize aleadership that is part priestly, part military. Here are seatedtogether the Nohoch Tata, supreme priest of the people, andCaptain Concepcion Cituk, the paramount chief of the tribe. MAYAThe Maya Indians shown on these pages are descendant.of those Maya who built the ancient temple-structures, devfloped an elaborate and accurate calendar, and generally dj.tinguished themselves for bringing AmericanIndian civilization to its highest development. U /They are so commonly associated with their AV Vvglorious past, that it takes photographs like these \\ \to remind us that they also have a present. Mrs. \ |Sylvanus G. Morley, wife of the distinguished \^Maya archaeologist, made these pictures in thevillage of X-Cacal, in the Mexican Territory ofQuintana Roo, in the east central part of theYucatan peninsula. The natives represented arethe last Maya to preserve tribal independence.Suspicious of all foreigners, they have resisted attempts of theMexican government to establish schools among them or toaccept the Mexican political authority.The tribe is divided into five military companies. Each is asort of sub-tribe, having its own chief. When a woman marries she becomes a member of her husband's company. Ason belongs to the company of his father./*Br * tBi M 'A single earring, worn in the left ear, is the insignia ofchieftainship. The chiefs decide disputes and fix punishments within the sub-tribal groups and are responsible onlyto public opinion and to the head chief of the entire tribe. Little clothing is needed in this warm country. The natives are accustomed to buy factory made cotton goods, gunpowder and other necessaries from occasional traveling traders who come down from the distanttowns.!HIn i.mi'n i kiii.,. J \ i• tJiK *i«!jk. JjHIfc-rfi^ JBDHynpinEach Company is required to send in turn a garrison of armed men tomaintain a vigil before a shrine upon which rests a Talking Cross — theprincipal religious emblem of the group. Here Dr. Morley and somenatives are resting in the large hut used as a tribal meeting place. •NDI ANSIt was a recent student in the University of Chicago, AlfonsoVilla, of Merida, Yucatan, who won the confidence of thenatives and in 1935 succeeded in getting them to allow himand his wife to live with them. This was accomplished in connection with ethnological work Villa, — . / is carrying on for Carnegie Institute under the\) direction of Dr. Robert Redfield, of the Depart-^ "?55^ ment of Anthropology of the University. Some•xmcal^ 0f tne natjves traveled to Chichen Itza, wherer~1 Carnegie Institution maintains an archaeologicalxA^/^-Tj. camp, and there talked with Dr. Morley and re-^*~\ ceived help from him. As a result, Dr. and Mrs.} Morley were invited to attend their principal religious festival in February and March, 1936,when these pictures were taken. They are among those recently exhibited by the Renaissance Society, and are reproduced here with the generous consent of Mrs. Morley. One of the sacred objects, placed beside a decorated altar,is "the Holy Seat" — a small chair, adorned with basil leaves.It may have been suggested to the Indians by the Bishop'sThrone, set beside the altar in the cathedral at Morida.At the four chief entrance paths to the village are established woodencrosses, set in mounds of stones, and covered with little roofs. The crossattests the conversion of these Indians to Catholic Christianity.Although it is at least three generations since these Indians have haddirect contact with Catholic missionaries, they preserve with remarkablefidelity many of the forms of Catholic ritual. Here we see the peopletaking food to the Talking Cross Sanctuary to be blessed. The culminating rite of this festival is a dance in which apig's head, elaborately decorated, is carried by the native inprincipal charge of the ritual. When the pig's head is handedto his successor, the transfer of the sacred burden of maintaining the festival is symbolized.**<^ -»»As these Indians learned long ago from the Spaniards, abull fight is a proper part of a festival. But having fewcattle, the bull's part is played by a man in a bull's hide. The"toreadors" try to rope him. When one "bull" tires of thesport, another takes his place.IN MY OPINION• By FRED B. MILLETT, PhD'31, Associate Professor of EnglishTHE unbroken thread of exoticism in contemporaryAmerican fiction furnishes more than adequateevidence of the artist's yearning for an object ofimaginative scrutiny more stimulating than the familiarRora and fauna of his native heath. Nothing humanmay be alien to the comprehensive soul of the uninhibited artist, but the alien — because it is alien — summonsthe creative imagination to the greenest of far-off hills.Practically, the American attitude toward the exoticmoves easily from amusement to suspicion and hostility.This mutability springs from a fundamental uncertaintyas to whether America is actually inferior or superiorculturally and morally to older and more sophisticatedrealms. Something of this instability is reflected in thesentimental representation of the pure-hearted American, almost tricked but ultimately unscathed by themachinations of corrupt Europeans or Orientals. Evenin the lofty art of Henry James. there was an uneasysuspicion of the high correlation between cultural sophistication and immorality, though there was neverany doubt as to the unfailing lure of the life of sophistication.The reasons for the appeal of the exotic are by nomeans simple. Most fundamental of all perhaps is curiosity, which operates without intermission and almostwithout restraint over the realms of the more or lessunfamiliar. Within the limits of a geographically restricted existence, to be sure, curiosity flourishes throughthe agencies of gossip and imagination, but of the geographically and culturally remote, curiosity never tires.How the rest of the world eats and sleeps, works andloves, we never tire of inquiring. But our monkey-likecuriosity is aided and abetted by the operation of thatpsychological mechanism by which the remote is endowed with varying intensities of glamor. The humblestof the stage properties of alien existence takes on anaura of that strangeness mingled with beauty which isperhaps the essence of romanticism. Careful analysismakes it possible to distinguish those elements in alienbeauty that are "real" from those that are "imaginary."Of the beauty of Chartres, the Acropolis, and the LakeDistrict, the objective elements are fairly distinguishable. It is not so easy, however, to see why parturitionin Pekin or Pimlico should seem more glamorous thanchildbirth in Chillicothe.One of the most dynamic processes involved inliterary exoticism is the mechanism of escape, by meansof which artist and audience flee together to a realm offact and imagination where the exactions of reality areminimized. The motives for escape are numerous. Inthe America that man has made, there is a vast deal ofphysical ugliness. There are the rural drabness of theunpainted villages of the Middle West and the grimmersordidness of large areas in our vigorous but chaoticcities. "Chicago," an exiled New Yorker has said, "isone vast slum." But the insistent pressure of the less<22 pleasing aspects of the familiar is not merely physical.Physical ugliness has its inevitable psychological consequences. The familiar becomes the dull, the dull becomes the deadly, the deadly becomes the maddening,and thence recourse is only to the alienist or the alienshore.There are, of course, differences and degrees inexoticism. Of all the lands alien to America, Englandis the least obviously exotic. For the language is, inthe main, our own, and the social and intellectual atmospheres are not too rarefied for our comfort. The lureof England is its subtle blend of the familiar and thestrange. At almost every moment, some detail stirs anhereditary memory; at every other moment a tinge ofthe unfamiliar exorcises the spirit of familiarity. Acrossthe narrow tumultuous Channel, another civilizationlooms; the gulf between English and French culture isimmeasurable. It is no wonder then that Paris has forgenerations of Anglo-Saxons been a potent symbol ofliberty — and license, Every English-speaking personmust have felt some lightening of his moral burden ashe steps first upon French soil, and, however, decoroushis behavior may be, in the City of Light he will findhimself temporarily safe from the pursuing Fury ofmoral responsibility. Farther afield, in Italy and Greece,in Germany and Russia, the temperature of glamor riseshigher and higher, though none of these foci of exoticappeal have been widely stimulating to contemporaryAmerican novelists. But for one or another novelist,the South Seas have proved a convenient symbol ofexotic primitivism, and the Orient has long proffereda dependable fusion of the incomprehensible and thesinister.Among the serious novelists of the older generation,Henry James was a past master of a decorous varietyof exoticism. His own flight from his native land, longresidence in England, and ultimate identification withit were personal evidences of the dismay and distasteevoked in him by the unlovelier aspects of Americanlife. The life of the English gentry and of cosmopolitanEuropean society seemed to him infinitely more comelyand gracious than anything Boston or New York couldoffer. Thus, novel after novel became an exquisitelymodulated tribute to the charm of Paris and Londonand Rome. But in his flight from America, James carried as a part of his psychological baggage a vigilantPuritan conscience, and he was never able to preventits passing judgment — crudely in The American andsubtly in The ambassadors and The golden bowl — onthe spiritual corruption underlying graceful bearings andelegant manners. Less subtlety certainly but fine perceptions and sound artistry mark the works of suchdevout Jacobites as Anne Douglas Sedgwick and EdithWharton. Both these grandes dames have implied theiropinion of America by prolonged absences from it. Mrs.Sedgwick, in fact, may be taken as an example of anTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23identification with an alien culture so complete that shemay well be regarded as an English rather than as anAmerican novelist. Mrs. Wharton, to be sure, has madeher contribution to American regionalism in EthanFrome and Summer and to urban regionalism in Thehouse oj mirth and Hudson River bracketed, but byher way of life and the nature of her art, she has increasingly withdrawn from the form and spirit of theAmerican life of our time.The decade following the close of the World War sawexoticism develop into an irrational cult. Its headquarters was Paris, its economic foundation, the devaluationof the franc, its high Priestess, Gertrude Stein, and itsmedia of publication were Transition, Broom, This quarter, and other ephemora. What the cult had in commonwas a series of rationalizations : that bourgeois Americawas hostile to the creative artist, that only when immersed in French culture could the artist function freely,that art must be, not national, but European, and thata revolution in the arts was both desirable and inevitable.The results for literature may be measured by a scrutinyof the contents of Transition or Peter Neagoe's anthology, Americans abroad. The lost generation was alegion of the mal-ad justed, ranging from the merely sensitive to the psychotic, with a preponderance of neurotics.In this artistic demi-monde, the complex personality ofGertrude Stein played no inconsiderable part. Herfinancial security, knowledge of modern art and artists,masculine vigor, passion for disciples, and unceasing flowof intuitions delivered with the authority of Sinai, madeher an unfailing catalyst. And, though she has writtennothing since Three lives of any significance as art, herexperiments with language have had their effect onauthors like Anderson and Hemingway, bent on theannihilation of literary realism of the objective variety.Ernest Hemingway is the sole novelist of importanceto rise from the ranks of the post-war expatriates.Though the code of hyper-masculinity implicit in hisfiction was slightly tinged with neuroticism, his artistryseemed incomparable until his imitators had furnishedmaterials for comparison. His variety of subjective naturalism and his hostility to obvious form and structuremake his short stories more completely satisfying thanhis novels, but The sun also rises is not only a literary-historical landmark but a masterpiece of its kind, andA farezvell to arms seems only less admirable becausethe cultivation of the unaffected has now become anaffectation. More lately in Green hills oj Africa, Hemingway seems almost to parody himself and to take onthe slightly ridiculous aspect of a suburbanite imperfectly disguised as the loin-clothed Tarzan of neo-primi-tivism.But Hemingway is not a solitary by-product of European exoticism. In Julian Green and his sister Anne, exoticism offers perhaps its most and least extreme illustrations. Julian Green has gone as far as it is possibleto go in obedience to the urge toward exoticism. Notonly the language but the psychology of his fiction isFrench, and its psychology, moreover, is of so specializeda variety as to seem slightly exotic to the French themselves. Green's relationship to contemporary Americanliterature, therefore, is merely biological. His sister,Anne, a far inferior artist, has her value as renderingwith extraordinary deftness the lighter aspects of Franco-American contacts. In other contemporary Americannovelists, exoticism plays its incidental or central part —in the Roman setting and personnel of Thornton Wilder's The cabala, the Parisian and Russian backgroundof Vincent Sheean's Gog and Magog, and the Anglo-French aspects of Thomas Wolfe's epic of the artist'sWander jahre, Oj time and the river.But the most distinguished recent invader of the fieldof European exoticism is Kay Boyle. Her settings showa pleasing variety : Provincial France in Plagued by thenightingale and Gentlemen I address you privately, Parisin My next bride, the Riviera in Year before last, andthe Tyrol in Death oj a man. There is a similar rangein her major themes : an American girl's tragic adjustment to marriage into a French provincial family, thestruggle between an older and a younger woman for adying artist, the devastation wrought by a sexual derelict, the tragi-comic life of a primitivistic art-colony, theconflict between love and patriotic devotion. But thoughher knowledge of Europe has the assurance of experienceand though her skill in discovering compelling themes isenviable, her distinction lies in profounder powers. Ofthese not the least is her style. Her revolt against aconventional literary style is apparent in her "metaphysical" quest for novel and striking metaphors. Frequently, the effort fails miserably; the effect is merelyextravagant and grotesque. But at her best, Kay Boyle'sstyle renders her painfully acute vision with a freshnessand suggestibility unexcelled by the best contemporarypoetry. Her style, however, is of interest, not only initself but as a medium precisely contrived for the expression of her shrewd and startling perceptions. She isexpert in the ways of human bodies and human hearts.Both she strips disconcertingly bare. Though her valuesare conscientiously implicit, she is wedded to honesty andis as avid of ugliness as of beauty. It is her greatestdistinction that the world she creates is unique and incomparable. It has something of the fantastic dreamlike quality of a painting of Arthur Davies. It is asshimmering and evanescent as a bubble. It has sardonichumor and a beautiful cruelty, inhuman a-morality and asecret wisdom wrought out of the ceaseless conflict ofliving and dying cells, of sentient flesh and super-sentientheart.ATHLETICS• By JOHN P. HOWE, '27Scores of the MonthBasketballChicago, 27; Wheaton, 24Chicago, 21 ; Marquette, 25Chicago, 31; Carroll, 28Chicago, 33; Armour, 28Chicago, 27; Notre Dame, 30Chicago, IS; Marquette, 23Chicago, 26; Indiana, 46Chicago, 23; Minnesota, 30WrestlingChicago, 15; Wheaton, 17Chicago, 27; Wheaton, 3Chicago, 15 ; Wisconsin, 13THIS may be a purely personal estimate, but thecurrent Maroon basketball team seems to us tohave "spectator appeal." The team is going towin very few of its ten remaining Conference games, butit is going to keep its followers cheering.Little was expected in the way of Big Ten victories.Last year the Maroons failed to win a Conference game(although they came close several times) despite thepresence of the great Bill Haarlow, now an alumnus, atforward. And several of the potential varsity men fromlast year's freshman squad failed to attain eligibility, orwithdrew from the University.This 1937 team has shown flashes of form which arepromising. It has a scrappy defense, but with occasionalunhappy lapses. And it has for its personnel a collection of personalities the crowd seems to like.The first-string forwards at present are John Eggemeyer, who lacks sturdiness but has an astonishing eyefor the basket when given half a chance for a cleanshot, and Jack Mullins, a 5 ft. 8 inch sophomore, and anagile ball-hawk whose play is reminiscent of that ofTommy Flinn several years ago. Eggemeyer scored atotal of 19 points in the team's first two Conferencegames.The center is Paul Amundsen, who won a letter lastseason but had not learned to use his 6 feet and 5 incheseffectively. This year his play has sharpened markedly.He has improved at the center- jump, offensively ontip-in rebound shots, and defensively. The stands watchhis increasing skill with approval, and they like particularly a trick he has developed of leaping up and preventing opponents' line shots from going into theMaroon basket. He may well be one of the best centersin the league next year.Starting guards are Morris Rossin, the type of defensive man who can dog the opponents' high-scorer relentlessly, and Bob Fitzgerald, football captain-elect, whoplays a rugged game and occasionally bursts out with aflurry of long-range baskets.Of these five all but Mullins are juniors. There is not a senior on the squad who is likely to see any action.Mullins is spelled-off by Bob Cassels, another sophomorewho handles himself well ; Fitzgerald occasionally movesup to forward. Kendall Petersen, junior, who, likeFitzgerald, was a regular end on the Maroon footballteam, alternates with Fitzgerald at guard, and playsmuch the same kind of rugged game. Bob Meyer, asophomore, is Amundsen's understudy.The team is abler defensively but not so dangerouson attack as last year's quintet. Amundsen's controlof the center- jump is a great advantage in most games.What is needed is more scoring by the guards, and alittle more staying-power, which would prevent opponents from scoring in sudden flurries. Best game todate was that against Notre Dame, which had upsetNorthwestern a few days before. The Irish built up an8 to 0 lead. The youthful Maroons whittled down thisadvantage steadily, went into the lead with three minutes to go, but lost in the closing minute.The outlook in other winter sports is promising, except in track. The swimming and water polo teamslook better than any in recent years. The wrestlingsquad has several crack performers. The fencing teamhopes to defend successfully the Conference title it wonlast year. And the gymnastics squad has designs on thechampionhip.The track team received a mortal blow from the intellectual life when Raymond Ellinwood decided lastautumn to repair to a cabin near Pasadena and, livingon less money than an existence in Chicago requires,devote three years to a study of the writings of St.Thomas Aquinas. Last winter the astonishing Ellinwood bettered the unofficial world record for the indoorquarter-mile in his first intercollegiate appearance. Inthe Conference indoor meet he brought the mark downagain, to :48.9. He won all of his Conference races at440 yards, both indoors and outdoors, was undefeatedat the half mile when he elected to run, placed fourthin the Big Ten outdoor 220, and anchored the Maroonrelay team.Ellinwood and Jay Berwanger, who has graduated,picked up many of Chicago's points in competition lastyear.Curiously enough, one of the strongest events for thecurrent Maroon track squad will be the 440. GeorgeHalcrow, a junior, who placed fourth in the Big Tenoutdoor quarter-mile last year, despite lack of adequatetime for practice, is back, better than ever, and Ed Bergman is fair. The hurdles events will be competentlymanned by Capt. John Beal and Nat Newman, withLawson and Netherton having promise. And the highjumpers are quite good: three men, Beal, Dave Gordonand Matt Kobak, can clear 6 ft. 1 inch.The other events are dubious. Harvey Lawson,sophomore, and Carl Frick, transfer student, both foot-24THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 25ball men, must be depended on in the sprints. Thelonger runs, half-mile, mile and two-mile, present aquestion mark. Jack Bonniwell, most promising miler,did not return to the University. Entrants in theseraces will be chosen from among Dick Wasem, LewisMiller, George McElroy, Ralph Leach and Brutus Reitman.Three sophomore football men are the leading shot-put candidates — Lewis Hamity, Ted Fink and MortonGoodstein, but none has exceeded 43 ft. Three competent pole vaulters from last year, Stuart Abel, John Bal-lenger and Theron Steele, did not return, and sophomore Lawson apparently will have to take over thatassignment.Last year's fine swimming team, which won the majority of its dual meets, is back virtually intact, and withsome added strength. Part of the added strength comesin the person of Juan Horns, who won a letter in thefree-style events two years ago, and who spent last yearstudying in Spain.Co-captain Charles Wilson, 6 ft. 3 inch free-style ace,is the bulwark of the team. In dual meets last yearWilson bettered Conference records for both the 220yards and 440 yards events, and defeated Danny Zehr,Northwestern's Olympic performer, when the Maroonsupset the Purple team in a dual meet. Wilson is notonly the best local performer at the longer distances butis also outstanding at 100 yards free style and 150 yardsback stroke.Jay Brown, co-captain of the squad with Wilson ; BillLewis, a junior; and Juan Horns are the sprinters ofthe team: all are capable of doing :56 in the 100 yardsevent. Brown's eligibility had not been definitely established, however. This trio, with Wilson, or with BobHoward or Bob Sorenson, will comprise the relay team.Bob Anderson, backstroke man, has improved considerably over last year, and is abetted by John Van deWater, a sophomore from Long Beach, Cal. Last year'sbreast-stroke performers, Dick Lyon and Dick Ferguson,are back, and will get help from sophomore Phil Schnering. Both of last year's divers, Floyd Stauffer andWinston Bostick, are returning: Stauffer is one of thebetter Big Ten divers, and Bostick has improved.The water polo squad, led by Captain Bob Bethke, hasattracted more than forty candidates, and looks like astrong title contender.Bob Finwrall, Conference wrestling champion at 145lbs., returns as the ace of the grappling squad. Theteam is in the unusual situation of having two fine menat 175 lbs., Fred Lehnhardt and Ed Valorz, both football backfield men. Sam Whiteside, 1936 football captain, is a competent heavyweight performer. Tinker,Collias and Fay are able men at the lighter weights ; the155 lb. and 165 lbs. divisions need bolstering. Withseveral key men unable to appear, the Maroons droppedtheir opening match to Wheaton, then crushed theWheatonites, who are coached by Herb Ball, formerMaroon wrestler, in a return engagement. Wisconsinwas outpointed in the opening Conference Match.As for fencing and gymnastics, Coaches Merrill andHermanson of the former squad and Hoffer of the lat ter can always be depended upon to turn out polishedteams. Although Campbell Wilson, foils and epee starof the last two years, has graduated, the Maroon swordsmen will be pointing for their fifth Consecutive Conference championship. Competition in gymnastics hasbecome sharper, but Coach Hoffer, with several veteransand one fine sophomore available, hopes to regain thetitle Chicago monopolized for so many years.NotesThe completed football schedule for 1937, a card ofseven games, pairs the Maroons with Wisconsin, Princeton, Ohio State and Beloit at the Midway, and withVanderbilt, Michigan and Illinois away. . . The will ofthe late Jimmy Twohig provides a bequest of $300 tothe University's athletic department for the use of anathlete who is in need The Maroon baseballand tennis teams began work in the field house January 4. The tennis team has an almost embarrassingamount of fine material. All four regulars of last year'sfine team are back, Norman Bickel, the Big Ten singleschampion, and Norbert Burgess, No. 2 (Bickel andBurgess have just received ninth national ranking indoubles), and Herbert Mertz and John Shostrom, whoplayed the third and fourth spots. The Murphy twins,Chester and Bill, who have beaten Bickel and Burgessat Doubles, are coming up as sophomores. The baseballteam will have six returning regulars, and seems certain to have fine hitting strength.Myra Reynolds(Continued jrom Page 19)woman's charity, that she had a man's mind. Of courseshe didn't; she had Miss Reynold's mind, and it servedher students well. To take her courses was to regardthe bibliographical and scholarly apparatus of researchas strictly a means to an end, and the end was alwaysan intimate, detailed, friendly, amused acquaintancewith people — Lady Winchilsea and Pope, Gay and Ar-buthnot, Garrick and Mrs. Siddons.As a scholar Miss Reynolds contributed a fundamental concept to research. She discovered for herselfand for many who came after her that the arts of anyperiod have much in common, and that the way to theunderstanding of literature lies often through other arts— that painting can give us eyes and music can give usears to perceive the meaning of the poetry and the proseof their period.But when all is said, it was not Miss Reynolds' accomplishments as a pioneer in scholarship for womenthat made her the great woman that she was. Ratherit was the contribution she made in finding in scholarship and in scholarly pursuits a design for living, a dignified and beautiful design which led, as it should lead,to wisdom and to the charity which suffereth long andis kind. Miss Reynolds as a person transcended all thatshe did, and it is as a person that all who knew herwill remember her. But that scholarship and the affairsof the academic world were the clay in which she modeled her life is of great importance in the history ofwoman and work.NEWS OF THE CLASSESCOLLEGE1897Waldo Preston Breeden is an attorney in general practice, covering Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, with offices on the sixth floor of the Law andFinance Building in Pittsburgh. Enthusiastic about hunting, swimming,fishing, farming, he reports that he isnow taking up the study of Hebrew,using William Rainey Harper's Elements of Hebrew.The main library at Cleveland, Ohio,in charge of Marilla W. Freeman,was the first in the country to open itsshelves to the public. Because of thisfree access to books and publicationsand the fine cooperation of a staff offour specialists, the Readers Digestmaintains a staff of ten readers at theCleveland library, a greater number thanare located at any other library in thecountry.Donald S. Trumbull, 610 NorthSheridan Road, Highland Park, Illinois,announced his retirement from thepractice of law December 31.1900Roswell Hill Johnson has leftHonolulu and is now residing in LosAngeles, California, at 235 South HopeStreet. He is the director of PersonalService at the Institute of Family Relations.1905Charles A. Kirtley, who has retired from service in the U. S. Navy,is now residing at Mitchellville, Maryland.1907The June English Journal carried anarticle by Florence R. Scott, assistantprofessor of English Language and Literature at the University of California,under the head of "The Fusion or Integrated Program and Its Implications."She is president this year of the alumnae chapter of Pi Lambda Theta and isenjoying the necessary contacts verymuch. She hopes to come East thisnext summer and would like to get infor Reunion if possible.1908"Place Names of Yellowstone Park"and "The Story of Yellowstone Geysers" are the title of books by ClydeMax Bauer, Park Naturalist at Yellowstone Park, to be published shortly.Mr. Bauer, at the request of Secretaryof the Interior Ickes, recently reviewedthe field of geology of Zion NationalPark and Utah's Dixie land, accompanied by Earl A. Trager, '17; J.Volney Lewis; C. H. Wegemann andH. E. Gregory. G. P. Lagergren, architect, formerlya member of the Chicago chapter of theA.T.A., is at present a member of theMinnesota Association of Architects.He is the architect and designer forthree large projects at Minnesota StateFair Grounds in cooperation with theWPA.William E. Wrather has been investigating the geology and productionpractice in the Kettleman Hills, California. He is also co-editor with F. H.Lahee of Problems of Petroleum Geology-1912Among those candidates awardedmasters' degrees at the summer convocation on the quadrangles was FlorenceE, Clark, who for many years hasbeen with the Chicago Board of Education and for the past three years hasbeen administrative's assistant at Farragut High School. She is secretaryof the Chicago Branch of National Vocational Guidance Association^ and amember of the advisory committee onvocational guidance for the NationalYouth Administration (111.).Absent on sabbatical leave from February to August, 1936, Charles B.Gentry of the Connecticut State College, spent February and March in theGraduate School of Education of Harvard, and devoted the remaining monthsof his leave to visiting universities andother schools in England, Scotland,Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Healso visited briefly in Germany, Holland and Belgium.J. Elmer Thomas is an oil operatorat 1010 Electric Building, Houston,Texas. Mrs. Thomas will be remembered as Mary Sturges, '15.1913Paul Eliel is professor and chairman of the Division of Industrial Relations at Stanford University.1914Layton L. Northrup manages theDetroit offices of the McCall Corporation of New York City.Hazel Hawkins is this year teaching in the Central High School at FortWayne, Indiana.Maud M. A. Helmershausen hasretired from teaching in the Chicagoschools and is living in Franklin Grove,Illinois.Antiques are the hobby of LillianA. Wells, of 350 Park Avenue, NewYork City, who gives her occupationas householder.1915Learning and Teaching History inthe Middle Grades is the title of thebook written by Mary G. Kelty,AM'24, and brought out by Ginn andCompany last year. Her address is 5519 University Ave., Chicago.Elmer Brauer Plapp has been withthe American Smelting and RefiningCompany at El Paso, Texas, for thepast seven or eight years as an electrical and mechanical engineer.1916David Gustafson, AM'27, is at theNorth Park College, where he headsthe newly established graphic-arts department and gives courses in both dayand evening school. As secretary ofthe Graphic Arts Educational Councilof Chicago, he has written the ChicagoGraphic Arts Educational Directory.A. Avery Hallock, 12 Prospect HillRoad, Cromwell, Connecticut, is associated with the firm of C. B. Stone, Inc.,heating engineers, dealing with Williams Oil-O-Matic oil burners, fuel oils,and range oils.Robert E. Hatcher, Jr., is a representative for the Straus Securities Corporation of Springfield, 111.John Cannon Lyons, Chicago grainbroker, may be found during office hoursat Room 808, 111 West Jackson Boulevard.Miles Delmar Sutton, AM'32, ishead of the Business Department ofDenfeld High School of Duluth, Minnesota, and is teaching salesmanship andretail selling.Alice E. Treat, Director of HaydenHall (the Ida Noyes Hall of WesternReserve University), Cleveland, was avisitor on the quadrangles and at IdaNoyes Hall just before Christmas.1917Ford Bradish is a consulting geologist with offices in the Ft. Worth National Bank Building, Fort Worth,Texas.Nona G. Finney of Zion, 111., goesto the Zion Preparatory College fortwo periods a day when her two Latinclasses recite, and spends between fourand five hours with the private pupilthat she has taught for the past twoyears.An instructor in the Art Departmentat the University of Chicago, Elisabeth Haseltine Hibbard (Mrs. F. C.)has exhibited sculpture in most of theimportant exhibitions during the yearand executed three wood carvings forthe Japanese Garden in Jackson Park,Chicago. Her daughter, Josephine, isa freshman at the University of Chicago.Charles J. Oppenheim, SM'19, whotook his M.D. at Cornell in 1923, practices medicine in New York City, is visiting physician for the Beekman StreetHospital and assistant chief at the LenoxHill Hospital.Earl A. Trager is preparing a geological summary of all the NationalParks and Monuments for the NationalPark Service. The National Park ismaking a study of the geologic interest26THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27all have their own reasons for preferringTHE NEW 1937 CHEVROLET^Tfie Ccraplete Ga)L- GonipleteLi] T^ei1^' m all for its High-Compression Valve-in-Head Engine . . .^ves me a lot of money on gas and oil . . . And the whole'""ty feels a lot safer in its new All-Silent, All-Steel Body*ith Solid Steel Turret Top and Unisteel Construction. " "I like its greater pep and power , , . and its ShockproofSteering* , . , And boy, those Perfected HydraulicBrakes of Chevrolet's are certainly 'tops' for stops!"28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEin all areas of national or state parkimportance, in which a staff of 19 geologists is assisting.1919Margaret Mary Fitzgerald, principal of the Hamilton School of Chicago,recently received her master's degree atNorthwestern University.Chester E. McKittrick of 25 Ards-ley Road, Scarsdale, New York, manages the Eastern Advertising Office forthe Chicago Tribune.1920Jane J. Goudie of Oswego, Illinois,began her teaching duties as a ruralschool teacher of Kendall County lastSeptember.January 1, Gail F. Moulton, SM'22,left the Electric Bond and Share Company to become a. member of the staffof Ralph E. Davis, Inc., engineers whospecialize in appraisals of oil and gasproperties. His offices are at 150Broadway, New York City.G. H. Westby reports that the Seismograph Corporation, of which he ispresident, is carrying on seismic surveys all over the United States and inseveral foreign countries. In the lasttwo months they have found seven newoil fields for clients.Samuel H. Williston is vice-president and treasurer of the House HeavenMines, Inc., a subsidiary of the Sun OilCompany. He is at present located inPortland, Oregon.1921Howard K. Beale has been given apermanent appointment as professor ofAmerican history at the University ofNorth Carolina.The work which C. Maynard Boos,SM'24, is doing for the IndependentExploration Company of Houston,Texas, consists of a review and interpretation of reflection seismograph datafrom a variety of sources, and attemptsto adjust them to the geological setting.He says this is an occupation knownto irreverent field men as "second-guessing."Charles Henry Butler, AM'22, ison leave of absence this year from University of Missouri and is studying atTeachers College, Columbia University.Frank L. Eversull, AM'27, is president of Huron College, South Dakota.Louise Hostetler Goode, formerlyengaged in curriculum work and elementary teaching in the Palo Alto CitySchool, is now working for her EdDat Stanford University.Aside from his duties as principal ofthe Central Junior High School of LosAngeles, M. E. Herriott is also theeditor of The Educational Scene, progressive educational journal of theWest, now in its second year.Enid Townley, SM'25, is assistantto the chief of the Illinois State Geological Survey.1922Martin S. Engwall "and his wife,Ruth O. Johnson, are on the facultyof the Ecole de Pasteurs et DTnsti- tuteurs, a British and American Baptistnormal school and theological seminaryat Kimpese, Africa. Mrs. Engwallteaches domestic science and has recently published a native cook book inKikongo. Previously she published anarithmetic for beginners and a book onMothercraft for African Women.Bertie Goetschius, English teacher,is living at 1214 South Baltimore, Tulsa,Oklahoma.John S. Ivy is general superintendentof exploration and development for theUnited Gas & Public Service Companyin Houston.Ernest Obering has recently beentransferred to The Hague for a yearto act in an advisory capacity for theShell Petroleum Corporation regardingTexas Gulf Coast matters.Louis C. Roberts, Jr., reports thathe is division geologist for the StanolindOil and Gas Company, Houston, Texas.He supervises geological activities ofthe Texas-Louisiana Gulf Coast Division, both in exploration and exploita-tion. |923Bryan Emmert, AM'35, of PawPaw, Michigan, is an instructor in boys'physical education in the junior andsenior high schools.Ralph M. Leggette is now in chargeof the Jamaica, Long Island, office ofthe U. S. Geological Survey, where heis conducting investigations of the geology and ground water conditions onLong Island.Maurice T. Lesemann is a copywriter for the advertising firm of Lordand Thomas, Los Angeles, California.Charles H. Pishny is engaged primarily in valuation work, but also carries on other duties for Amerada Petroleum Corporation as petroleum engineerin their Production Department inTulsa, Okla. IMi1924Winifred E. Bain's book, entitledParents Look at Modem Education,published by D. Appleton Century Company, was awarded the Parents Magazine medal for being the most helpful book of the year for parents. Herofficial title at the Teachers College ofColumbia University is assistant professor of Education.Ralph A. Brant is senior geologistfor the Atlantic Refining Company inTulsa, Oklahoma.A recent publication of William H.Burton is Children's Civic Information, published by the University ofSouth Carolina Press. He is professorof Education at the University of Southern California.O. E. Bonecutter, AM'30, of Great ;Bend, Kansas, is principal of the localsenior high school.Edward L. DeLoach has joined theIndependent Exploration Company inHouston. He is the third alumnus of thegeology department to do so, the othersbeing Joseph L. Adler, '17, PhD'30,and C. Maynard Boos, '21, SM'24.A teacher at the Friends Seminary,New York City, Hilda A. Gunell se cured her MA from Teachers Collegeat the December Convocation.Ralph Waldo Johnson of RoyalCentre, Indiana, who received his A.M.from Columbia University in 1932, entered Harvard in 1935 to work on aPhD in education.C. H. Turner, of the Missouri StateHighway Department, is conductingwork on soil stabilization, location ofquarries and road materials.1925Howard C. Amick is manager of theNorthwestern Bell Telephone Company, and has his office in Sioux City,Iowa. His baby daughter, MarjorieEllen, is now nine months old.Hal Baird, AM'28, guidance officerat the Frances W. Parker School ofChicago, was engaged in curriculum research on the P.E.A. from June 20 toJuly 29 this past year.Dorothy M. Blatter, who directedthe Demonstration Center at Northwestern University last June, has been headof the lower division of the Francis W.Parker School of Chicago since September.Stanley M. Croonquist is salesmanager for the Stanford UniversityPress.Helen Ruth Haupert now lives at201 Highland Avenue, in Detroit, Michigan, where she is teaching.1926E. H. Bremer of Gilman, 111., is principal of the local high school and superintendent of the elementary schools.Mrs. Emma E. Dennison has supervision over the sight-saving and mentally-retarded classes in the Grand Rapids schools and, as school psychologist,supervises all testing done in the schoolsystem.Milton Hruby, employed by theMagnolia Petroleum Company, San Antonio, Texas, is working on the surface and sub-surface geology of theLower Tertiary in southwest Texas.As associate professor of Kindergarten-Primary Education of the ColoradoState College of Education, M. LucileHarrison, AM'33, has been givingmany lectures in the surrounding territory on kindergarten-primary subjectsand personnel problems. She is on theadvisory committee to> assist in gettingout the 36th yearbook of the NationalSociety for the Study of Education.The Alumni Office recently receiveda change of address for Mary Josephine Mallon to 1036 Tiverton Avenue, Los Angeles.1927Dorothea K. Adolph, 3208 Sycamore Road, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, isthe corresponding secretary for the Association for Childhood Education ofGreater Cleveland. In addition toteaching first grade at the MalvernSchool in Shaker Heights, she has beentaking some education courses in theGraduate School at Western Reserve.She spent this past summer traveling inEurope.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 29News of the Quadrangles(Continued from Page 18)University career of this noted scientist, who came to theMidway when the University opened. Beginning as anunpaid docent, he rose to a full professorship in 1905and in 1915 was made chairman of the department. Professor Stieglitz reached the retiring age limit in 1933,but continued active in research and in directing research projects of graduate students. His death wascaused by pneumonia.No chemist was more versatile than Dr. Stieglitz, whoat one time or another had ably covered the entire fieldof chemistry. He was a noted teacher and director ofgraduate students, but the clarity and simplicity of hislectures made him an inspiring teacher of undergraduates, in whose education he took an active and sincereinterest. Primarily an organic chemist, he was able topublish a text book on quantitative analysis which revolutionized the teaching of the subject because of itsphysico-chemical approach. His research made manyfundamental contributions to the science of chemistry. Inhis amazingly productive career he turned to the synthetic production of compounds of therapeutic value, andone of his continuing interests was in extending theapplication of chemistry to medicine. On this subjecthe wrote two books. During the war he terminatedthe American reliance on German dyes by developing asynthetic process commercially practical. The Willard Gibbs medal for research in chemistry was awarded tohim in 1923, and he was accorded a universal recognition and authority among chemists as one of the ablestmen in the science. He had been president of the American Chemical Society, the Chicago section of which hehelped to organize; president of Sigma Xi, of the Chicago Institute of Medicine; chairman of the Committee,on Synthetic Drugs and vice-chairman of the Divisionof Chemistry of the National Research Council; member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,the Washington Academy of Science, and the AmericanPhilosophical Society, founded by Benjamin Franklin.A bust of Dr. Stieglitz was placed in Jones laboratoryin December, 1929, in recognition and appreciation byhis colleagues and former students.Born in Hoboken, N. J., May 26, 1867, he receivedthe equivalent of high school training in the Real Gymnasium at Karlsruhe. He then went to the Universityof Berlin, where he worked under the famous ProfessorTiemann, and was awarded the degree of Doctor ofPhilosophy in chemistry. On his return to America, hewas a research chemist for Parke, Davis & Co., untilhe joined the Chicago faculty. In 1891, he marriedAnna Stieffel of Karlsruhe, who died in December, 1932.In August of 1934 he married Associate Professor ofChemistry Mary Rising, who survives. Surviving alsoare a son, Dr. Edward J., associate clinical professorof medicine in Rush Medical School; a daughter, Dr.Hedwig Stieglitz-Kuhn, and an adopted daughter, Katherine.Throughout 1937The Desire Will Be for Good FoodsCalendars change ... a new year lies ahead with its fresh hopes and aspirations. One thing that does not change is the desire for good food. That's whyyou'll want to serve Swift's Premium Ham often in your home. You'll delightin the delicious flavor and tenderness of this famous meat. Actually Swift'sPremium Ham needs no parboiling for the Premium-cure insures each ham adelicate mildness . . . and ovenizing — Swift's method of smoking — gives an extrarichness.Put Swift's Premium Ham foremost on your list of good foods to enjoyduring 1937. Find for yourself the reasons why this brand remains the largestselling in the world year in and year out.SWIFT'S PREMIUM HAM"The Meat Makes the Meal"30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEW. Morris Guthrey is district geologist for the Texas Company, Ard-more, Oklahoma, and is at work on thesubsurface geology of southern Oklahoma, "the burial ground for geologists."Frank L. Mechem, LLB'24, is inthe office of the Assistant General Counsel, Bureau of Internal Revenue, Washington, D. C, and is teaching part timeat George Washington University.L. R. Messer is at present in Boulder,Colorado, reworking an old mine,Emancipation. He is exploring thepossibilities of the extension of the highgrade vein and in developing low gradeore for mill.Louis A. Meyer, aeronautical engineer, now lives at 5309 Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago.1928Edyth Beezley is teaching seventhand eighth grades in the junior highschool at Hastings and is working onher master's in history.Virginia Exley Buyer (Mrs. JohnJ. ) , 32 Castleton Park, St. George, NewYork City, finds that being a housewifeand mother constitute a full time occupation. She will be remembered byFoster Hall residents and as a memberof the Ida Noyes Auxiliary and International Club.Edna E. Eisen, SM'29, of Kent StateUniversity, is an assistant professor ofgeography.Esther E. Kimmel is in New YorkCity working for Pictorial Review asthe food and home management editor.John O. Stewart is co-pilot for theUnited Air Lines; he flies the routefrom Chicago to Newark.1929Jeannette Birnie has charge of theadministration of the Jessie Loomis andLongfellow Schools of Saginaw, Mich.Jennie M. Butler, AM'36, continuesher teaching duties at Lincoln School,Tulsa, Okla.Priscilla Kellogg Carswell (Mrs.Stuart R.), of Fort Niagara, New York,finds that being a housewife and themother of two small children is a fulltime job.Ralph Wendell McComb is with theTulane University Library and is anactive member of both the Library Associations of New Orleans and Louisiana.Russell Palmer Meyer is connectedwith the C. & O. Shops of Huntington,West Virginia, as a chemist.1930J. W. Crane, AM'36, is teaching inthe high school at Marengo, 111.Alicia T. Doran, AM'34, teachesUnited States history and sociology inthe Parker High School, Chicago.Harry D. Edgren, AM, is assistantprofessor of Physical Education atGeorge Williams College, Chicago. TheY.M.C.A. appointed him a fellow inPhysical Education in 1935.The map library at the University ofChicago continues to expand under the guidance of Edward Espenshade, whoreports that the past year's acquisitionstotal about 5,000 new maps.Marcita Halkyard is assistant general supervisor in the Joliet (111.) Public Schools.This year Lillian Herman is teaching stenography and typing at the Sullivan High School, Chicago.In April William C. Imbt, SM'32,accepted employment as geological scoutwith the Stanolind Oil and Gas Company. His work includes the scoutingof wildcat wells and field wells on thewestern side of the Permian Basin inTexas, New Mexico, and Arizona.Charles E. Kallal, 2828 WisconsinAvenue, Berwyn, Illinois, is assistanttax manager of Sears, Roebuck andCompany.. Hunting and fishing fillmany of his leisure hours. He is president of the University Club of Ciceroand Berwyn.Elden Benjamin Mowers is therector of St. Peters Episcopal Churchof Huntington, West Virginia.Florence M. Pigatti, 1941 MilanAvenue, South Pasadena, California,manages several occupations. Alongwith her law work, she finds time forwelfare activities on the side.1931Elma Gansevoort, kindergartenteacher of Manitowoc, Wis., returnedlast summer to the quadrangles forsome graduate study.At the Summer Convocation, AliceC. Green was awarded her master's degree at the University of Chicago. Sheis carrying on her teaching in stenography and typewriting at Kelvyn ParkHigh, Chicago.James S. Griffith spent part of thesummer collaborating with Dr. Krumbein on a study of beach deposits. Theresults of their work will be presentedat the G.S.A. meeting in Cincinnati.We understand that Arthur C.Hornung, SM'33, is with the CarterOil Company in Tulsa.Mrs. Mary Freeman King, Spanishteacher at the DuSable High School ofChicago, has been a grade advisor sincelast September. Her son, Lorin, entered the University of Chicago as afreshman this fall.Richard S. Melvin, lawyer, is associated with the law firm of Davis andEichhorn of Gary, Indiana.George H. Otto is doing researchwork on sampling problems and methods of mechanical analysis for the SoilConservation Service at the CaliforniaInstitute of Technology, Pasadena.Alden B. Stevens is in Berkeley,California, designing museum exhibitsfor use in the National Park museums.Eleanor Tatge continues her bibliographic work in Washington under thedirection of J. M. Nickles. Her presentaddress is 1814 Monroe Avenue, N. W.1932Robert Beck, SM'34, junior geologist for the Carter Oil Company, re ports his new location as the Goff Building, Saginaw, Michigan.Corinne Fitzpatrick is studying forher master's degree at the University ofChicago, and is also continuing herpsychiatric studies and field work at theInstitute for Psychoanalysis.Mary Catherine Griswold, a St.Louis teacher, was granted the master'sdegree at Columbia University last December.Billy Meredith Hardy (Mrs. Virgil S.), of Athens, West Virginia, is avisitor for the Bureau of Public Assistance.Jack Hough, SM'34, is associatedwith the Soils Conservation Service. Hespent much of the last season at Emmet,Idaho, studying conditions of silting ofreservoirs.Walter Moxey and his wife, MaryE. Slusser, are now in Alpine, Texas,where Moxey was recently transferredin connection with his work for theStanolind Oil Company.Louis C. Sass was back from Venezuela last fall for a visit with his family and friends in the United States.Ray D. R. Vane and his wife, Marjorie Cahill, '31, live in Alhambra,California, where Ray has a positionwith the Chevrolet Motor Company.1933Flora H. Bowman, principal of theElementary School of Glencoe, 111.,taught this last summer in the Glencoeschools from June 29 to August 7 forNorthwestern University.Last fall, Ruth E. Bradshaw became principal of the Center School,Aurora, 111. She has her master's degree from the University of Iowa.Clyde L. Fischer, AM'35, who hasbeen living in Manati, Puerto Rico,since October, 1935, continues histeaching there in the high school. Hissubjects are plane geometry and advanced mathematics.Assistant Administrator of the FlowerTechnical High School, Gretchen Z.I. Gardner teaches art in addition toher administrative work in the highschool. In the summer she teaches atthe Art Institute and has filled this position for the last eleven years.Helen L. Graves was recently appointed to a teaching position in thejunior high at Savanna, 111.Mary Louise Hagen, AM'36, isteaching in the Robert Burns School,Detroit, Michigan.An instructor in the LaboratorySchool of the University of Chicago,Cassandra B. Harmon contributed^ tothe monograph on "Physical Educationand Health of School Children," published by the members of the staff ofthe Department of Physical Educationof the Laboratory School.N. Eileen Humiston continues inher position as a first grade teacher inthe Willard School of Marietta, Ohio.Last summer she directed the activitiesat Camp Ellenor for Girls, Watervliet,Mich.During the school year BlancheTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 31Meta Krueger lives at 5550 KenmoreAvenue, Chicago. She teaches at theTrying" Park School.The professional hobby of John A.Nietz is the collection of old schooltextbooks, which number now 540 over50 years old, including 80 over 100years old. Among his choice books areMorse's Geography, Bingham's American Preceptor and his Columbian Orator,Lindley Murray's Grammar and hisEnglish Reader, and Dilworth's Schoolmaster's Assistant. Nietz is associateprofessor of education in the School ofEducation at the University of Pittsburgh.1934H. J. Antholz is superintendent ofthe schools of Spooner, Wisconsin. Heis treasurer of the State AthleticBoard.Social science and boy's hobbies arethe subjects that Effie G. W. Ellis isteaching at the Abraham Lincoln Junior'High.Robert J. Hasterlik, 4730 InglesideAvenue, Chicago, is a student at RushMedical College this year.Charles H. Taylor is teaching atEnglewood Evening High School, Chicago. He recently spent three monthsin the employ of the University ofTexas preparing exhibits.1935David Blumenstock, who has ateaching fellowship at the University ofCalifornia, traveled east to Syracuse,New York, during the holidays to reada paper on "Geography and PrimitiveCulture Patterns in the Southern SierraNevadas" at the meeting of the Association of American Geographers.Last January Laurence Brundallleft for a position in Texas with theShell Petroleum Corporation. Brundallis at present engaged in general arealmapping in west and south Texas ; whenlast heard from San Antonio was hisheadquarters.Marie M. Hughes, AM'35, is principal of San Jose Experimental Schoolof the University of New Mexico. Recently appointed associate director ofState Program for the Improvement ofInstruction, she explains that this program has been made possible through agrant by the General Education Boardand her special duties are the preparation and editing of the materials of instruction.Individual and group testing of pupils in the elementary schools is occupying part of the time of Carol A.Kinney, AM'35, an assistant in the Department of Education of the Universityof Chicago. The rest of her time sheis devoting to study for a PhD.1936Randolph Bean, who was in mosteverything musical while on the quadrangles including the Blackfriar trio,the choir, Midway Singers, the Band,on the air and a lot of etcs., has a position in the Production Offices of NBC atRadio City, New York. Don't be sur prised if he bursts into song from coastto coast most any day now.Mrs. Ethel M. Bennett, who wasawarded her bachelor's degree lastspring, had been attending classes atthe University's College downtown forthe past ten years. One of her sons hashis Master of Engineering from Purdueand her daughter is a graduate of theUniversity of Wisconsin. The youngest boy is still in high school. Mrs.Bennett's husband is an executive in theWestern Electric Corporation.Recently appointed teaching fellow inthe Department of Geology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology atCambridge, is James E. Dorris, nowworking for the master's degree.Isabel Ford returned last summer toBirmingham, Alabama, where she resumed her teaching in the school system there. Before coming to the University in March, 1934, for study, shehad taught in the Birmingham schoolsfor some seventeen years.Robert McQuilkin, who was business manager of the Daily Maroon lastyear, is now demonstrating to A. B.Dick mimeograph users how to securebetter results with their duplicating machines.Dick White left the University thisfall to accept a position with the California Company in Houston. His mainwork is to learn about the oil industry,and to carry on work on sub-surfacestructure and stratigraphy.DOCTORS OFPHILOSOPHY1897H. Foster Bain has recently associated himself with Wright, Dolbear andCompany, mining engineers and geologists, of 17 Battery Place, New York.1900Forest Ray Moulton, for manyyears a member of the University faculty, was elected permanent secretary ofthe American Association for the Advancement of Science at its recent meeting in Atlantic City.1902F. H. H. Calhoun, Dean of theSchool of Chemistry and Geology atClemson College, South Carolina, reports that he has been unusually busywith administrative duties at the collegeand with consulting work.1903W. W. Atwood, president of ClarkUniversity, has recently published abook on ({The Growth of Nations",(Ginn and Company). In addition, hispresent interests range from the physiography of the Rockies to Mayancivilization in Guatemala.1905The second major reduction in longdistance telephone rates since the government's investigation of the AmericanTelephone and Telegraph Company began was announced in early December nnssnuIN THE BAHAMASWinter haven of two continents — somuch, so near, and for so little! Duringthe months of January, February andMarch no less than 48 cruises will leaveNew York on trips which visit Nassau —one almost every day! Round trip rates aslow as $70. From Boston, cruises sailevery other week— 6 days from $130.From Miami, two hours by air (dailyservice — $35 round trip) and overnightby steamer (as low as $19.50 round trip).For full information see your travel agent ornnssnu, BHHnmnsINFORMATION BUREAU3 0 Rockefeller Plaza, N. Y., COlumbus 5-42 1 3or Development Board, Nassau, Bahamasfor Economical Transportation7/CH_EVROljn\SALES SERVICEJ. D. Levin '19 Pres.PASSENGER CARS - TRUCKSModern Service StationDREXEL CHEVROLET CO.4733 Cottage GroveDREXEL 3121Albert Teachers' Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 1885. Placement Bureau for menand women in all kinds of teaching positions.Large and alert College and State Teachers' College departments for Doctors and Masters: fortyper cent of our business. Critic and Grade Supervisors for Normal Schools placed every year inlarge numbers; excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics. Business Administration. Music, and Art. secure fine positions throughus every year. Private Schools in all parts of thecountry among our best patrons: good salaries. Wellprepared High School teachers wanted for city andsuburban High Schools. Special manager handlesGrade and Critic work. Send for folder today.32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESCHOOL DIRECTORYBOYS' SCHOOLSFRANKLIN & MARSHALLACADEMYA widely recognized, moderately priced preparatory school. Excellent records in many colleges. Personal attention to each boy's needs.Varied athletic program. Modern equipment.Junior department.E. M. Hartman, Pd. D.Box G, Lancaster, Pa.ROXBURY SCHOOLFor boys 11 years and olderFlexible organization and painstaking supervision of each boy's program offer opportunityfor exceptional scholastic progress and generaldevelopment.A. E. Sheriff, HeadmasterCheshire, ConnecticutWILLISTON ACADEMYUNUSUAL educational opportunities at modestcost. Endowment over half a million. Ovei150 graduates in 40 colleges. New recreationalcenter, gymnasium, swimming pool. Experienced, understanding masters. Separate JuniorSchool.Address ARCHIBALD V. GALBRAITH,HeadmasterBox 3, Easthampton, Mass.GIRLS' SCHOOLSThe MARY C. WHEELER SCHOOLA school modern in spirit, methods, equipment, rich intraditions. Excellent college preparatory record. Generalcourse with varied choice of subjects. Post Graduate.Glass Music, Dancing, Dramatics, and Art. an integral part of curriculum. Leisure for hobbies. Dailysports. 170 acre farm — riding, hunting, hockey. Separate residence and life adapted to younger girls.Catalogue.Mary Helena Dey, M.A., PrincipalProvidence, Rhode IslandSECRETARIAL SCHOOLSKATHARINE GIBBSSecretarial Executive AcademicTwo- Year Course — First year six college subjects: second year intensive secretarial training.One year course of broad business training.Special Course, College Women. Day, Residentin N. Y., Boston. Catalog. Office of Admissions.Boston New York Providence90 Marlboro St. 230 Park Ave. 155 Angell St.Intensive Stenographic Course1 FOR COLLEGE MEN & WOMEN100 Words a Minute in 100 Days As- asured for one Fee. Enroll NOW. Day ^\classes only — Begin Jan., Apr., Julyand Oct. Write or Phone Ban. 1575.18 -S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO -4-mixmvmwi.MacCormac School ofCommerceBusiness Administration and SecretarialTrainingDAY AND EVENING CLASSESAccredited by the National Association of Accredited Commercial Schools.1170 E. 63rd St. H. P. 2130 COLLEGESSAINT XAVIER COLLEGEFOR WOMEN4900 Cottage Grove AvenueCHICAGO, ILLINOISA Catholic College Conducted bythe SISTERS OF^ MERCYCourses lead to the B. A. and B. S.degrees. Music — ArtART SCHOOLSillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllli= South Shore Art School ==5= Clay Kelly, Director ==SB A school of individual instruction BS»555 in drawing, painting, and clay 555— modeling. SBB 1542 East 57th Street, Chicago, III. =55? Telephone, Dorchester 4643 5SsnillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllESPECIAL SCHOOLSELIZABETH HULL SCHOOLForRETARDED CHILDRENBoarding and Day Pupils5046Greenwood Ave TelephoneDrexel 1 188The Midway School6216 Kimbark Ave. Tel. Dorchester 3299Elementary Grades — High SchoolPreparation — KindergartenFrench, Music and ArtBUS SERVICEA School with Individual Instruction andCultural AdvantagesCO-EDUCATIONAL SCHOOLGEORGE SCHOOLQuaker. Established 1893. Fully accredited. College preparatory and cultural course. Seventy-four graduates entered thirty-two colleges in1936. Boys and girls in the same school underconditions that meet the approval of the mostcareful, discriminating parent. Endowment.227-acre campus. 25 miles from Philadelphia.10 miles from Trenton.G. A. Walton, A. M.t PrincipalBox 267, George School, Pa.LIBRARY SCHOOLLIBRARY SCHOOL209 S. State St., Chicago, III.Preparatory course for public Librarian.Practical book courses for positions inRental Libraries and book stores.Register Mon. to Fri. II a. m. to 4 p. m. by Commissioner Paul A. Walker ofthe Federal Communications Commission. According to Walker, the newcut, amounting to $12,000,000 a year,was the result of informal conferencesbetween the Commission and the telephone company and followed a $10,-000,000 reduction by the Company lastSeptember.1907George D. Birkhoff, mathematicianand dean of the Graduate School ofArts and Science, Harvard University,was elected to the American Association for the Advancement of Science,at its annual meeting in Atlantic City.The A. A. A. S. is composed of a federation of fifteen sections and many affiliated scientific societies representingevery major branch of science, fromastronomy to zoology.Stephen R. Capps, '03, has finishedhis 26th field season in Alaska for theU. S. Geological Survey and is alreadyplanning for his 27th. He is author ofThe Southern Alaska Range, U. S. G.S. Bulletin 862.1909Edward S. Moore of the Universityof Toronto spent last summer in consulting work in mining geology innorthern Ontario.1911Arthur C. Trowbridge, '07, of theState University of Iowa, is serving aschairman of the Water Resources Committee of the Iowa State PlanningBoard. He is also working on thePleistocene History of the Upper Mississippi River, and on the terminologyand use of stratigraphic breaks.1914Eliot Blackwelder, '01, of Stanford University recently left for ayear's visit to Europe. The itineraryincludes many places of geological interest, and a visit to the edge of theSahara Desert. Mrs. Blackwelder is accompanying Dr. Blackwelder on thejourney.Stephen S. Visher, '09, SM'10, University of Indiana, carried on a studylast summer of the regional contracts inerosion in Indiana for the Soil Conservation Service. Several phases ofthis study will be presented at the G. S.A. meeting in Cincinnati. In addition,he is co-author of Our Natural Resources and Their Conservation (JohnWiley, 1936).1915E. M. J. Burwash is with the Ontario Department of Mines, where hegives courses for prospectors throughOntario during the winter and in thtsummer devotes his time to geologicalsurveys and writing reports for the Department.Kirtley F. Mather is the editor ofthe Appleton-Century Earth ScienceSeries in which the latest title is Geography: An Introduction to HumanEcology, by White and Renner. Dr.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 33Mather has also written a chapter on"Error_m Geology" in J. Jastrow's TheStory of Human Error.Eugene A. Stephenson spent thesummer as chairman of the Rodessa,Louisiana, Engineering Committee inthe employ of the United Gas PublicService Company.MASTERS1900Professor Emeritus of Geology of theUniversity of Colorado, Russell D.George has ready for publication a bookentitled Minerals and Rocks, their Occurrence and Uses.1910The University of Missouri recentlyappointed Claude A. Phillips, AM,director of teacher training in its Schoolof Education.1915Director of the Extension Divisionand the summer session of the Municipal University of Omaha, EverettMills Hosman, AM, reports that theirfaculty has been very busy helping todevelop a new University and adds thatthe Board of Regents has purchased anew site and begins a million dollarbuilding program soon.1917James D. Darnall, AM' 17, superintendent of schools in Geneseo, Illinois,was elected president of the BlackHawk Division of the Illinois StateTeachers Association for 1937.1918Mrs. Angeline F. Kitson, AM,Longwood Towers, 20 Chapel Street,Brookline, Massachusetts, is workingpart of the week as volunteer secretaryin the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary.1919Lita Bane, AM, returned this fall tothe University of Illinois as head of theHome Economics Department. MissBane, a noted writer, educator, and anauthority in the field of home economics,had been for some years a collaboratorin parent education for the NationalCouncil of Parent Education and theU. S. Department of Agriculture, inWashington. She was assistant professor of home economics at WashingtonState, 1914-17; assistant state leader ofhome economics extension at the University of Illinois, 1918-20; and wasstate leader and assistant professor,1920-23. She left Illinois in 1923 to become executive secretary of the American Home Economics Association inWashington. After two years she joinedthe University of Wisconsin faculty,acting first as assistant professor incharge of home economics and healthextension. In 1929 she became associate editor of the Ladies' Home Journal.1920Cecelia L. Johnson, AM, who returned to the U. S. A. on furlough inthe spring of 1936, hopes to go back toBurma in the fall of 1937. 1921F. E. Farquear, AM, has held theappointment of dean of the School ofEducation at the University of Mississippi for the past year and a half.Albert E. Oldham, SM, chief geologist of the Arkansas Natural Gas Corporation, reports that his company hasbeen actively developing holdings atRodessa, Louisiana, and in east Texas.1922Dudley T. Cowden, AM, is actingassociate professor of economics at theUniversity of North Carolina.For three years Jessie L. Duboc,AM, a member of the faculty of Montana State Normal College, has been onthe Executive Committee of the Councilof Psychology and Education in the Inland Empire Association (four states ofthe Northwest, meeting in Spokane eachApril) and was the chairman of thatsection last year. In her travels shehas covered nearly one-half the states ofthe Union and three sections of Canada.For the past two years she has spenther vacation in New England, and hasvisited libraries in ten cities, givingspecial attention to juvenile departments.A member of the faculty of the Western State Teachers College at Kalamazoo, Michigan, Anna L. Evans, AM,gives^ instruction in the principles ofteaching curriculum.Eugene M. Hinton, AM, is headmaster of the Old Trail School, Akron,Ohio, and is also giving courses in edu cation during the evening session at theUniversity of Akron.John I. Moore, SM, and his brother,P. D. Moore have formed a company,Moore Bros., engaged in consultinggeological practice and exploration,with offices in San Angelo, Texas.1923In addition to his teaching duties atthe State Teachers College at Indiana,Pa., Wilber Emmert, AM'23, alsoserves as president of the local KiwanisClub, an officer of the Department ofVisual Instruction of the N. E. A.,chairman of Visual Education Curriculum Revision for the Pennsylvania StateEducation Association, a member of theAmerican Film Institute, and presidentof the Philatelic Society of Indiana, Pa.Glenn A. Evans, AM, continues hiswork at the Joliet (111.) Township HighSchool and Junior College as an instructor in civics, economics and economic history.1924Clarence C. Clark, AM, chairmanof the general sciences courses at theSchool of Commerce, New York University, has been working in the fieldwith the Rainbow Bridge-MonumentValley Expedition as its chief biologist.Emmett A. Hood, AM, principal ofthe Mason School of St. Louis, presidesover the sessions of the St. Louis Elementary Principal's Association and supervises the St. Louis "Secrets of Success" series of talking pictures.I DELEGATE ELEVATOR MAINTENANCERESPONSIBILITY TO WESTINGHOUSEWestinghouse Elevator Maintenance Contracts carry advantages and savingsthat warrant your time for inquiry. While Westinghouse engineers completelyrelieve you of the care of elevators, their constant watchfulness anticipatesimportant needs of the elevators amounting to large savings over a period ofyears. The equipment is kept in a renewed condition at all times. Interruptedservice for replacement of parts or repairs is avoided. Accurate elevator maintenance budgets can be established, and the elevators will be operating at highefficiency, giving their best service continually. As a nation-wide organization,Westinghouse is completely set up to offer every type of elevator maintenancecontract and at low cost. Get in touch with any Westinghouse representative.WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC ELEVATOR COMPANYMerchandise Mart— Chicago Telephone Superior 7878Fernand de Gueldre Hotel StevensPhotographer to Wabash 0532Mary GardenLynn FontanneChaliapinAmelia EarhartVincent BendixStuart ChaseFrederick StockAs low as 3 for $9.50 Jane Addams34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBLACKSTONEHALLanExclusive Women's Hotelin theUniversity of Chicago DistrictOffering Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALL5748 TelephoneBlackstone Ave. Plaza 3313Verna P. Werner, DirectorGREUNE- MUELLERCOALIs of Highest Quality fromRespective Fields and isDUSTLESS TREATEDLet Us Prove This to YouGREUNE-MUELLER GOAL GO.7435 So. Union Ave.All Phones Vincennes 4000CLOISTER GARAGECHICAGO PETERSENMOTOR LIVERYA PERSONAL SERVICEof Refinement, Catering to theUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO5650 LAKE PARK AVE.Phone MIDWAY 0949Your whole life throughShorthand will be useful to you.LEARN GREGGThe World's Fastest Shorthand.THE GREGG PUBLISHING COMPANY2500 Prairie Ave. Chicago 1925Glen G. Bartle of the University ofKansas City, Missouri, spent the summer as consulting geologist for the Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line Company inAmarillo, Texas, and Ugolton, Kansas.Helen R. Bobo, AM, is a caseworkerwith the St. Louis Relief Administration.Hazel Floyd, AM, who was enrolledlast quarter for two classes in University College, is associated with the public schools of Hammond, Indiana, as thesupervisor of Intermediate Grades.C. Glenn Kaiser, AM, teacher ofsocial science at Lane High School,Chicago, has been working for his PhDat Northwestern University.L. E. Workman, SM, in his work forthe Illinois State Geological Survey, isstudying sub-surface geology for dataon oil, gas, and water ; is making earthresistivity studies for ground-watersupplies; and is studying Silurian stratigraphy of means of insoluble residues.1926Mary Allison Bennett, AM, isback on the quadrangles this year forstudy in the Department of Zoologywhile on leave of absence from WesternIllinois State Teachers College.H. M. Bond, AM, who was awardedhis doctor's degree at the DecemberConvocation, is dean of the College ofLiberal Arts of Dillard University, NewOrleans.Mrs. Zella K. Flores, AM, elementary supervisor of the Lewistown,Montana, Public Schools, has studiedfor the past two summers at EasternMontana Normal School.1927At present Nellie L. Griffiths, AM,of North Texas State Teachers College,is on leave and has returned to the Midway for further study.1928Howard R. Anderson, AM, has published a number of articles in the education journals in the past year or so,and has written a chapter on "Testingin the Social Studies/' for The Construction and Use of Achievement Examinations edited by H. E. Hawkes andpublished by Houghton, Mifflin andCompany in 1936. As assistant professor of History and head of SocialStudies in the University of Iowa HighSchool, he teaches social studies methods in the University and supervises social studies teaching in the high school.Allie Boyd, AM, 1140 Corona, Denver, Colorado, continues his work assupervisor of adult education under theDenver school system, having charge ofabout one-fifth of the city.Mildred A. Dawson, AM, of the faculty of the University of Georgia, ischairman of the committee to prepareannual bulletin (1937 publication) forNational Conference on Research inElementary School English and haswritten ten articles in various magazines. G. P. Deyoe, AM, who is in chargeof science methods at the State Teachers College at Platteville, Wisconsin,has been president for the past year ofthe Southwestern Wisconsin TeachersAssociation, an organization of onethousand members, and a member of astate committee that is engaged in making a study of small high schools.Albert Grant, AM, statistician inthe Psychological Laboratory of theCincinnati Public Schools, has supervision of the group testing program.Ben M. Hanna, AM, is principal ofthe Norwood High School of NorwoodOhio.Baird V. Keister, AM, assumed theposition of superintendent of the St.Paul, Neb., public schools last July.Claude C. Noland, AM, is an electrical dealer in Pendleton, Indiana.1929Harry G. Abraham, AM, principalof the Community High School inWoodstock, Illinois, had an article inthe March, 1936, issue of the Elementary School Journal.Howard K. Bauernfeind, AM, whois managing editor of the school textbook department of J. B. LippincottCompany, lives in Oak Park, Illinois, at531 North Ridgeland Ave.Frederick A. Burt, SM, of the agricultural and Mechanical College ofTexas, is executive secretary of theTexas Academy of Science.The American School Board Journalfor October, 1936, carried an article byClarence T. Coleman, AM, Hammond high school teacher, on "Principles for Building a Teachers' SalarySchedule?"H. Scudder Mekeel, AM, in theOffice of Indian Affairs in the Department of Interior of Washington, is thefield representative in charge of AppliedAnthropology.1930John Douglas Aikenhead, AM,writes from Calgary, Alberta^ Canada,that he is vice-principal of the HoultoinHigh School.In addition to her administrative duties as Dean of Girls at the LyonsTownship High School and Junior College, LaGrange, Illinois, DorothyBanks, AM, also gives instruction totwo classes in civics.R. U. Hilleman, AM, is studying atWestern Reserve University, and is theauthor of pages 64-71 in the Yearbookof the National Council for the SocialStudies, 1935.From Marquette, Michigan, MarthaC. Mehnert, AM, writes that shestudied at the University of Wisconsinand made a trip through the westernpart of the United States during thepast summer. She is a critic teacher inthe John D. Pierce School, which is theteacher training department of theNorthern State Teachers College inMarquette.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 351931Catherine Boyd Calhoun, AM, ismost enthusiastic about her work asprofessor of Art at Greenville WomansCollege, S. C, and tells us, "this is fascinating work of pioneering in one ofthe oldest communities in the U. S. A."Leslie Alger Hallock, AM, 718South Adams, Hinsdale, Illinois, is aneducational adviser for the CCC.Early in September, Horace H. Rose-berry, SM, accepted a position at theCollege of the Ozarks in Clarksville,Arkansas.We have recently learned that Maurice R. Teis, SM, is with E. H. MooreCompany in Ada, Oklahoma.1932This fall Lucille E. Beutel, AM,joined the faculty of the Western StateTeachers College at Kalamazoo, Michigan, as a critic teacher.Supervisor of practice teaching in theRacine-Kenosha Rural Normal School,Signe Corneliuson, AM, was electeda member of the Kappa Delta Pi organization of Marquette, Mich.Ray G. Price, AM, is now supervisor of the program in commercialeducation at the University of Cincinnati.1933Last summer soon after the Washington School of Springfield, Massachusetts, declared its summer holiday season was in force, Dorothy W. Adams,AM, left for England where she put inher time traveling.Charles Capouch, Jr., AM, hasbeen connected with the Western Electric Company for the past year as timestudy man.Harvey F. Chapman, AM, is nowboy's counselor at the Cooley HighSchool of Detroit, Mich.Leslie L. Chisholm, AM, recentlybecame a member of the American Educational Research Association and amember of the American Associationfor the Advancement of Science. Afaculty member of the School of Education of the State College of Washington located in Pullman, he has writteneleven magazine articles during the pastschool year which have been publishedby the leading educational magazines.Gordon R. Clapp, AM, Director ofPersonnel of the Tennessee Valley Authority, was recently appointed to thePresident's Committee on VocationalEducation.Harold P. Claus, AM, now holdsthe principalship of the Petersburg(111.) High School.Blanche K. Coyne, AM, is assistantproduction manager in the main pantryfor the Tearoom of Marshall Field andCompany.Viola DuFrain, AM, is anotherChicago degree holder to go to Susquehanna University at Selinsgrove,Pennsylvania, as a faculty member.Georgia A. Elce, AM, supervisor ofstudent teaching at the North Dakota State Normal and Industrial School atEllendale, also teaches such subjects asthe introduction to education, primaryreading and language, and literature forthe grades.Since October, 1935, M. CarolineEmich, AM, has been a first gradeteacher at the McCosh School, Chicago.A recently appointed part-time instructor in the University of ChicagoHigh School this year is Madeleine R.Grenard.Robert D. Holt, AM, is now connected with Kokomo Junior College,Kokomo, Ind.J. Paul Reed, AM, writes fromKwansei Gakuin, Nishinomiya-shigai,Japan, that our seamen's strike vitallyaffected Japan at a critical time.Oranges hung on the trees for lack ofChristmas transportation to Canada andAmerica. The tea farmers have had toskimp for Christmas because the latepickings of tea were also held up.Eleanor B. Whitelaw, AM, hasleft the Office of Admissions at theUniversity of Chicago to accept a position with the Illinois State Tax Com-1934Betty Mae Bauer is now living at1227 Main Street, Stevens Point, Wisconsin, where she teaches methodscourses and does supervisory work insecond grade for the Central StateTeachers College.Irene M. Carpenter, AM, is nowresiding in Milwaukee, Wis., where sheis teaching in the Shorewood School.Absent on leave for the year 1936-7from the Southern Illinois TeachersCollege at Carbondale, Mabel Eads,AM, is working for an SM in geography at the University of Chicago.The newly appointed superintendentof public schools in Galena, Illinois, isStanley Finifrock, AM.William M. Gibson, AM, is at Purdue University for the first semester ofthe school year.Last year the State University ofIowa awarded Walter R. Goetsch,AM, the doctor's degree. He is registrar and instructor in Education at FennCollege, Cleveland, Ohio.Previously assistant manager of theMinneapolis Chamber of CommerceClearing Association, John B. Goodwin, AM, is now technical associate ofthe Financial Advisory Service for theAmerican Council on Education inWashington, D. C.N. O. Kimbler, AM, superintendentof the Henderson County School, Kentucky, was associate director of theStudy of Local School Units conductedby the Department of Education, Frankfort, Ky.1935Margaret Barber Seminary of An-niston, Alabama, recently announced theappointment of Kathryn Crissey, AM,to a teaching position in the institution. HAIR REMOVED FOREVER17 Years' ExperienceFREE CONSULTATIONLOTTIE A. METCALFEGraduate NurseALSOELECTROLYSIS EXPERTMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused.Permanent removal of Hair from Face,Eyebrows, Back of Neck or any partof Body; destroys 200 to 600 Hair Rootsper hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Member American Assn. Medical Hydrology andPhysical Therapy and III. Chamber of Commerce$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705, Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.BUSINESSDIRECTORYASBESTOSA UNIVERSITY FAVORITEK. &M.FEATHERWEIGHT85% MagnesiaUniform and light in weight. Moredead air cells. Better insulation.KEASBEY & MATTISON CO.205 W, Wacker Drive Ran. 6951AWNINGSPhones Oakland 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.,INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueBONDSP. H. Davis, 'II. H. I. Markham, 'Ex. '06R. W. Davis, '16 W. M. Giblin, '23F. B. Evans, 'IIPaul H. Davis & Co.MembersNew York Stock ExchangeChicago Stock Exchange10 So. La Salle St. Franklin 862236 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBOOKSMEDICAL BOOKSol All PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andal! New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and brows©.SPEAKMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical CollegeCATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTeL Sup. 0900- —0901Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882CHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, '12B. R. Harris, '2 1Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave, ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6COALJAMES COAL CO.ESTABLISHED 1 888YARDS58th & Halsted Sts. Phone Normal 28008 Ist & Wallace Sts. Phone Radcliffe 8000COFFEE -TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209- 1 3 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1 350Boston*— New York— -Philadelphia— SyracuseELECTRIC SIGNSFEDERAL NEONSIGNS•FEDERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYCLAUDE NEON FEDERAL CO.8700 South State Street•W. D. Krupke, '19Vice-president in Charge ot Sales Theodore D. Frost, AM, teaches science and arithmetic in the LaboratorySchool of the University of Chicago.Gretta Griffis, AM, 321 North Central Avenue, Chicago, recently becameassociated with the Hotpoint ElectricalAppliance Company and has the title ofhome economist.At present Frank O. Hand, AM, iscompleting a course of study for theMidland (Pennsylvania) Public SchoolsGeography. This, he reports, is a matter of coordination and getting to specifics.George H. Hartranft, AM, beganhis new work at the University of Kansas at Lawrence, this fall.Phila Humphreys, AM, was recently appointed director of elementaryschools in Manitowoc, Wisconsin.Horace Mitchell Miner, AM, atSt. Denis de Kamouraska of Quebecthis college year on a graduate fellowship of the National Social Science Research Council, is gathering material fora thesis in anthropology at the University of Chicago.1936J. Chester Bilhorn, AM, is assistant principal of the Carl Schurz HighSchool.Floyd B. Bolton, AM, is a socialstudies instructor at the WashingtonHigh School, East Chicago, Indiana.Loren T. Caldwell, SM, teaches beginning geology and a survey course inthe physical sciences at the NorthernIllinois State Teachers at DeKalb.After passing his preliminary Ph.D.examination, E. C. Cram left for Colombia, South America to take a position with the Socony- Vacuum Oil Company.In addition to his administrative duties as principal of the township gradeand high schools of Avilla, Ind., CalvinE. Eiler, AM, also teaches mathematics7 and 12.Harold Enlows, graduate student inthe Department of Geology last year, isat the University of Arizona.County superintendent of schools ofBureau County, Illinois, Floyd French,AM, of Princeton, 111., is married andhas two fine girls, Mary Alice, 10, andCarol Ann, 1.William F. Hoertgen, AM, receivedan appointment to a teaching position inthe Harris School of Chicago this fall.J. H. Mills left the University inJune to take up work as assistant geologist with the Sinclair Prairie Oil Company, Enid, Oklahoma.After leaving the University lastJune, James N. Payne accepted a position with the Illinois Geological Survey.Hyatt H. Waggoner, AM, is afaculty member of the Williston Academy in Easthampton, Massachusetts.Percy C. Scott, SM, recently received an appointment to the teachingstaff of Louisiana State University atBaton Rouge. Mrs. Elizabeth B. Wilson, AM, isa newly appointed member of the faculty at Knox College, Galesburg, 111.1936Robert Way Crist, AM, is a mem-ber^ of the English Department at theUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.In October Elizabeth C. Davis,AM, accepted an appointment at Blackstone College, Blackstone, Virginia.Another Chicagoan at Ohio StateUniversity this year is Rupert O.Koeninger, AM, who is a graduate assistantRalph Edward Kyper, AM, is a student at Meadville Theological Seminaryand the Divinity School.An assistant in the Economics Department at the University of Illinois,Ralph B. Matthews, AM, is continuing his graduate work.Nora E. Zink, visiting instructor inGeography at the University of Pittsburgh from January through the summer session, was appointed instructorin Geography at Indiana State TeachersCollege at the beginning of the schoolyear.DIVINITY1897William G. Oram, DB, minister,gives us his present address as 1010F Street, N. E., Washington, D. C.1916John H. Carstens, after six yearsof successful service as pastor of theFirst^ Baptist Church of Rock Island,Illinois, has resigned and is now doinginterim pastoral work in Kansas City,Missouri.Robert Harvey, DB, who receivedthe degree of Doctor of Theology fromthe United Theological College lastApril, has written a book on IgnatiusLoyola entitled A General in the ChurchMilitant, which is published by theBruce Company of Milwaukee.1917Paul J. Hoffman, AM, DB'18,854 Cabot Street, Pierre, South Dakota, is supervisor of educational aidfor the National Youth Administrationof South Dakota.1920Leroy C. Hensel on June 21 celebrated with fitting ceremonies the twenty-second anniversary of his pastorateof Immanuel Presbyterian Church,Cleveland, Ohio.1921m Martha E. Yackel, AM, is executive secretary of the Family WelfareSociety, at 120 East Union Street, Newark, New Jersey.1922Apart from his regular duties as pastor of the First Baptist Church (ofHuntsville, Alabama, John J. Milford,AM, does Evangelistic work, spendingTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 37two weeks in each of the followingtowns in^ Alabama, Oneonta, Gadsden,piedmont and Albertville. His hobbyis golf. He is a member of the Alabama State Board of Missions and hasbeen a member of the Howard CollegeBoard of Trustees since 1923.Raymond A. Smith, DB, PhD'26,formerly director of religious educationat Centenary Church, Winston-Salem,i\r. C, has become acting professor ofreligious education in Greensboro' College, Greensboro, N. C. A recent number of the Christian Century containedan article from him on "Is ReligiousEducation a Lost Cause?"1923Ray E. Rice is now engaged inY.M.C.A. boys' work in Lincoln, Nebraska.1924Charles T. Goodsell, AM, receivedfrom Kalamazoo College the degree ofLLD in appreciation of his service asvice-president from 1933 to 1935, andas acting president, on Dr. Hoben'sdeath, from 1935 to 1936.1926Charles S. Braden, PhD, is professor of the history and literature# ofreligion at Northwestern University,Evanston, Illinois. He has recentlywritten a book, Varieties of AmericanReligion, published by Willett, Clarkand Company.1927For nine years Madison C. Allen,minister of Knoxville, Tenn., has published The Expected, & religious magazine.1928A. W. Lyons, DB, accepted a callfrom the Immanuel Baptist Church,Salt Lake City, Utah.O. Leonard Jones, AM, on July 1,1936, became the pastor of Lents M.E.Church, Portland, Oregon.1929Charles G. Chakerian, AM, is assistant professor of sociology at Connecticut College, in addition to beingsecretary and consultant of the commission to study the pauper laws ofthe state of Connecticut.Carl A. Nissen, AM, is assistantprofessor of sociology at Baldwin-Wallace College, Berea, Ohio, and is at thesame time taking graduate work atWestern Reserve and Ohio State universities to apply toward a doctorate atthe latter institution.Allen Wikgren, '2S* AM'29, PhD,'32, contributed a note on "ArmenianGospel MiSS in the Kurdian Collection"to the last issue of the Journal of Biblical Literature.1930J. Howell Atwood, PhD, has beenadvanced to a full professorship of sociology at Knox College.Sadao Arai, AM, PhD'33, is nowconnected with the Kobe (Japan) citygovernment in the social education field. His address is: Kotoen, Nishinomiya-Shigai, Japan.H. Lee Jacobs, AM, directs youngpeople's work in Webster City Association of Congregational Churches. Healso served on the faculty of IowaYoung People's Conference at GrinnellCollege, Grinnell, Iowa, in June, 1936.Henry C. Rogers, who' recently became the pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Washington, Pa., received an honorary DD from HanoverCollege, June 9, 1936, where he alsopreached the baccalaureate sermon.1931Phillip Johnson, AM, who has recently resigned from the Central BaptistChurch of Quincy, Illinois, to takecharge of "The City Temple" of SiouxFalls, S. D., reports that during the fiveyears of his stay at Quincy the membership was increased from 575 to 740,the debt on the new building removed,and a substantial amount has beenplaced in reserve in anticipation of thecompletion of a building program. In1934 the church sent him to the WorldAlliance at Berlin.J. Merle Rife, PhD, resigned hisposition as professor of ancient languages at Earlham College to acceptone at Muskingum College, New Concord, Ohio, as professor of Greek andBible.In addition to his work as professorof religion in Wesley College at theUniversity of North Dakota, Eugene S.Tanner, AM, PhD'34, is pastor of thePresbyterian churches in Fordville andPark River, North Dakota.1932Hobart S. Amstutz, attended the1936 general conference of the Methodists that met in Columbus, Ohio, andhas written up a very interesting account published in the Malaysia Messagerepresenting the mission field on whichMr. Amstutz is working.Kendrick Grobel, AM, is nowpastor of the Congregational Church atStafford Springs, Connecticut, and ison the faculty of Trinity College, Hartford, department of German.Lewis F. Havermale, AM, hasinteresting work as pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church at WashingtonGrove, Maryland, with which he combines a mission church at Hunting Hill.V. M. Samuel, AM, received thePhD degree at the University of Illinoisin 1936 in history and political science.He has published a book entitled TheService of Henry Fawcett to IndianNationalism.Wallace Irving Wolverton, AM,PhD'34, who was appointed a chaplainin the regular army May 14, 1936, hasbeen assigned to the station at ChanuteField, Rantoul, Illinois.1933Ruth K. Hill, PhD, has beentransferred from the position of citysupervisor of field work in Winona,Minnesota, to supervisor of medical FLOWERSPhones1364 ^ CHICAGOEstablished 186SFLOWERS: Plaza 6444, 6445East 53rd StreetFUNERAL DIRECTORH. D. LUDLOWFUNERAL DIRECTORFine Chapel with New Pipe OrganSEDAN AMBULANCETel. Fairfax 28616110 Cottage Grove Ave.FURNITURE POLISH"Marvelous"NEVERUBPOLISHt, Lasting, Not OilyDilute with equal waterNO RUBBINGCrumFurnitureSold by: Fields, Davis Store. The Fair, and Retail Stores everywhere.GALLERIESO'BRIENGALLERIESPaintings Expertly RestoredNew life brought to treasured canvases. Our moderate prices will please.Estimates given without obligation.673 North MichiganSuperior 2270HOTELS"Famous for Food"Dancing and EntertainmentNightlyCircular CRYSTAL Barthe BREVOORT hotel120 W. Madison St. ChicagoLAUNDRIESMorgan Laundry Service, Inc.2330 Prairie Ave.Phone Calumet 7424Dormitory ServiceSUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 511038 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETHEBEST LAUNDRY andCLEANING COMPANYALL LAUNDRY SERVICESAlsoZoric System of Cleaning- : - Odorless Quality Cleaning - : -Phone Oakland 1383LITHOGRAPHERL C. Mead '21. E. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 8182MEDICAL EQUIPMENTCOMPLETE EQUIPMENTInstruments, Sundries and FurnitureforPhysicians, Dentists and HospitalsFrank S. Betz CompanyHammond, IndianaChicago Phone: Saginaw 4710MUSICRayn er Dalh E I m & Co.MUSICENGRAVERS & PRINTERSof FRATERNITY, SORORITYand UNIVERSITYof CHICAGO SONG BOOKSNO 0RDERT00 LARGE 0RT00 SMALL - WRITE FOR PRICES2054 W. LAKE ST. PHONE SEELEY 4710PAINTSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzie 3186PHOTOGRAPHERMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMNIROOFINGGrove Roofing Co.(Gilliland)Old Roofs Repaired — New Roofs Put On25 Years at 6644 Cottage Grove Ave.Lowest Prices — Estimates FreeFairfax 3206 coding in the central office of theHealth Survey in Detroit, Michigan.Thomas N. Hill is in charge of theMission Press at Jubbulpore, India. Itis a press printing Christian literaturein English and Hindi. He also edits aHindi-English Christian newspaper, aUnion paper for Hindi-speaking India.In addition to his regular work in theDepartment of Religious Education ofthe Evangelical Seminary, Rio Piedras,Puerto Rico, C. Manly Morton isserving as executive secretary of theCommittee on Christian Education ofthe Association of Evangelical Churchesof Puerto Rico.A. Kathryn Rogers, AM, has accepted a teaching position at the Masters School, Dobbs Ferry, New York.1934Ernest R. Lacheman is pastor ofthe French Congregational Church atTorrington, Connecticut.Kathleen MacArthur, AM, PhD'36, has accepted a teaching position atHollins College, Hollins, Virginia.Ivy G.^ Myers has been appointedparish visitor and director of religiouseducation at the St. Paul M. E. Church,Lincoln, Nebraska.Lieutenant E. E. Tiedt, chaplainin the United States Army, has beenpromoted to the rank of captain, andhas been transferred to Fort Sill, Oklahoma.Eva Wilson is serving as a socialworker in South Bend, Indiana.1935Sterling Brown left Chicago the lastof October to take up his new duties asa director of personnel among the students at the University of Oklahoma,Norman, Oklahoma.Alfred E. Haefner, PhD, is professor of Greek, Wartburg College,Waverly, Iowa.H. C. Head, chaplain in the UnitedStates Army, has been apointed to thePhilippines.Otto F. Linn, PhD, is professor ofNew Testament Literature at AndersonCollege and Theological Seminary, Anderson, Indiana.M. Ward Redus, PhD, has accepteda teaching position at Southern Methodist University.Herbert M. Smith, AM, dean of theschool of religion, Bishop College, Marshall, Texas, conducted this summer, athis school, a very successful ministers'institute attended by 363 persons, representing eleven states and six denominations.1936Clarence Hendershot, PhD, formermissionary to Burma, has been appointed director of the Warren branchof Hiram College, at Warren, Ohio.Charles T. Thrift, PhD, is nowthe director of religious life in Southwestern University, Georgetown, Texas,where he will teach two courses. SOCIAL SERVICEA large number of Social Servicealumni were present at the Round TableConferences of the American PublicWelfare Association held in Washington on December twelfth and thirteenthincluding a large number of graduatesand former students now working jnor near Washington, most of whom areconnected with the U. S. Children's Bureau, the Social Security Board, orWPA. Among these were Helen R.Jeter, Aleta Brownlee, RobertBeasley, James Brunot, Mary Bateman, Ethel Hart, Helen HardyLauren Hyde, Grace Maymon, LouiseMcGuire, Phyllis Osborne, IsabelDevine, Carol McDowell, FlorenceSullivan, Ralph Wilson, EdwardSchwartz and Ernest Witte. Members of the Faculty present includedEdith and Grace Abbott, Miss Breckinridge, and Clyde White, MissAgnes Van Driel, now in Washington in charge of the educational program of the Social Security Board, Mr.Frank Bane, Secretary of the Board,and Mr. Hoehler, Director of theAmerican Public Wefare Association.Some of the students who receivedthe A. M. degree at the December Convocation and their present positions include the following: Gwendolyn Barclay, Case Worker, Children's Bureau,Indianapolis; Laura Epstein, CaseWorker, Jewish Social Service Bureau,Chicago ; Geneva Feamon, CaseWorker, Family Welfare Society, Indianapolis ; Thomasine Hendricks,Instructor, Tulane University School ofSocial Work; Elizabeth Hiett andCharity Tinker, Medical SocialWorkers, Presbyterian Hospital, NewYork City; Fae Logan, SupervisorCounty Demonstration Unit, Child Welfare Division, Indianapolis; ArthurMiles, continuing graduate study;Regina Ottenberg, Probation Officer,Juvenile Court, Washington, D. C;Ruth Jean Peterson, Medical SocialWorker, University Hospital, Pittsburgh; Eliza C. Griffin, Case Worker, Connecticut School for Boys, Meri-den; Detlef Mackelmann, Secretary,Committee on Housing, Chicago Council of Social Agencies; MargaretMarshall, Case Worker, United Charities of Chicago ; Violet Marot Sieder,Supervisor of Case Work, AlleghenyCounty, Cumberland, Maryland.Carol R. McDowell, AM, '32, isnow on the staff of the Social SecurityBoard, Bureau of Research and Statistics, Washington, D. C. ; Hilda Hanson, AM, '36, is Zone Supervisor in theDepartment of Public Welfare, Tacoma,Washington ; Elizabeth McBromm,AM, '34, has taken a position as CountyChild Welfare Assistant in Aberdeen,Washington; Maurice Decker, AM,'36, is superintendent of WPA Projectin charge of personnel work, Chicago;Elizabeth Merriam, AM, '35 (Mrs.Orvis A. Schmidt), is office secretaryfor the American Public Welfare Association in Washington, D. C. ; AnnidaTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 39Slavens, Field Work Assistant in SSA,has taken a position as State Supervisor0f the Iowa Child Welfare Service.On December sixteenth the Faculty0f the School of Social Service had ashonor guests at luncheon in the privatedining-room at Hutchinson Commonsthe students who were candidates forhigher degrees at the December Convocation.RUSH1884Ernest Mammen, MD, is still livingin Bloomington, Indiana, but has retired from what has been a very activesurgical practice. He is rememberedas one of the five founders of BrokawHospital in Bloomington.1885Lawrence H. Prince, MD, has retired from active practice this year andis living with his wife and grandson atBay St. Louis, Mississippi, for thewinter months.1887Albert Irving Bouffleur, MD, hasretired from private practice and isdevoting his time to executive and consultation work. He is chief surgeon ofthe Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. PaulRailroad and of the Milwaukee Hospital Association. He is a former president of the International Associationof Railway Surgeons. His address is3036 Cascadia Avenue, Seattle.1888Just before his retirement last yearfrom the staff of the Veterans Hospitalat Augusta, Georgia, U. G. Iles, MD,purchased a small home with an orangegrove of three hundred trees at Orlando,Florida. Dr. lies has spent a verydiversified career in federal servicesince the War, with a total governmental service extending over 31 years.Early this fall he held his first familyreunion since 1919.1889At present Robert Lee Nourse, MD,of Boise, is president of the Idaho StateBoard of Medical Examiners. He isalso United States Bureau of Air Commerce Examiner for Air Pilots. Hisspecialty is eye, ear, nose, and throat.For hobbies he likes volleyball, golf,fishing, and "making things."1892William Davis Harrell, MD, isrecovering from an operation which heunderwent last spring. He is comingalong fine. In fact he writes, "If Ifelt any better I would have to takesome of my own medicine." He ispresident of the Norris City State Bankin Norris City, Illinois.1894The Journal of the Iowa State Medical Society ran in its August, September and October issues for 1936, "AMedical History of Winnebago County"compiled by Harry F. Thompson, MD,of Forest City, Iowa. Dr. Thompsonpracticed at Goodell, Iowa, from 1894 to 1896, and at Rock Rapids, Iowa,until 1898, when he enlisted as a privatein the United State Volunteers. Withthe First South Dakota Infantry heserved as acting assistant surgeon atCavite and Manila, Philippine Islands.In 1900 he began practicing in BuffaloCenter. He remained in that centerfor seven years before moving toForest City, Iowa, where he is stillengaged in general practice. He is alife member of the Hancock- Winnebagoand Iowa State Medical Societies.1896John Inglis, MD, is located in Denver, Colorado, where he continues hisgeneral practice at 837 Republic Building.1900The children of Leo Robert Redner,MD, are now in college. Leo, Jr., isfollowing father's footsteps and is enrolled in the Medical School of theUniversity of California at Los Angeles. Frances is a student at WhittierCollege, Whittier, California. Dr. Red-ner is practicing eye, ear, nose, andthroat medicine at Driggs, Idaho. Heis also a horticulture enthusiast.Robert Williams, MD, is vicepresident of his county medical societythis year. His address is 3436 ChicagoAve., Minneapolis.1903Since 1918 Ottilie Zelezny Baumrucker, MD, has been a member of thestaff of the Women and Children's Hospital in Chicago. Her daughter, Mildred, recently took her bachelor's degree at Northwestern, but her son,George, graduated from Rush in '31.Sara Ann Janson, '00, MD, is practicing gynecology in Chicago. Geologyserves as a lesser interest to her tooffer variety to her interests. HerChicago address is 3235 WrightwoodAvenue.Elmer Harmon Thompson, MD, isin his tenth year as health officer ofBurbank, California, according' to arecent letter from him.1911Charles F. Nelson, '09, MD, hasa flourishing surgical practice in Beverly Hills, California.1912Golfing helps to round out the numerous extra-curricular activities of AaronArkin, '09, PhD'13, MD, who is associate professor of Medicine at Rush.Aaron is also professor and chairman ofthe Department of Medicine of the CookCounty Graduate School of Medicineand attending physician of the CookCounty Hospital. He speaks of hishobby in a recent communication to usas the perusing of medical history.1913Donald Kendrick Woods, MD, isa member of the San Diego Board ofHealth. He was recently chairman ofthe Pediatric section of the California RUGSAshjian Bros., inc.Oriental and DomesticRUGSCLEANED and REPAIRED2107 E. 71st St. Phone Dor. 0009SPORTING GOODSJ. B. Van Boskirk & SonsSporting Goods"Van" of Bartlett Gym1411 East 60th StreetMidway 7521Complete Tennis EquipmentSquash & BadmintonTEACHER'S AGENCIESAMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. Jackson BoulevardChicagoA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college field.It is affiliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.THEHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD.Telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, III.Member National Associationof Teachers AgenciesWe Enjoy a Very Fine High School, NormalSchool, College and University PatronagePaul YatesYates-Fisher Teachers' Agenc jTEstablished 1906616 South Michigan Ave., ChicagoVENTILATINGThe Haines CompanyVentilating and Air ConditioningContractors1929-1937 West Lake St.Phones Seeley 2765-2766-2767X-RAY SUPPLIESX-RAY SUPPLIES& Accessories"At Your Service9Tel. Seeley 2550-51Geo. W. Brady & Co.809 So. Western Ave.40 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEState Medical Society and three yearsago president of the SouthwesternPediatrics Association. His son, now16, aspires to follow father's footstepsin the medical profession.1914This month Russell Owen Wharton, MD, took office as president ofthe Lake County Medical Society (Indiana). He is a member of the MercyHospital and Methodist Hospital staffsin Gary.1915"I like fishing," writes Ersel M.Fessenden, MD, who is located inSpringfield, Missouri, and is engagedin a general surgery practice.In the Utah-Idaho districts GeorgeLeRoy Rees, MD, holds several extra-medical offices. He is member of theEconomics Committee of the Utah StateMedical Society, Lieutenant-Governorof the Utah-Idaho District of theKiwanis, member of the state board ofeducation, and an executive in theregional Boy Scouts organization. Incidentally, he has been mayor of hishometown, SmitMeld, Utah, for threeterms. His son, Vincent, is now ajunior' at the University of ChicagoMedical School.1916Up in the woods and waters of Wisconsin, Robert W. Kispert, '14 MD,finds his favorite sports (hunting andfishing). He is living at Green Bayand has a son five years old.1917_ Affiliated with both Billings Hospital and St. Lukes in Chicago, LouisBothman, '15, MD, is also associateclinical professor of Ophthalmology atthe University. He has contributedconsiderable material to publications inhis field of study. His Chicago addressis 1649 E. 50th Street.LAW1903Joseph C. Ewing, '01, JD, attorneyat law and business manager of investments, writes from 816 B Street, SanDiego, California. Golf and travel helpto round out his activities, in additionto acting as county attorney. Previously he has served as city attorney forGreeley, Colorado, and assistant district attorney of the 8th Judicial District of Colorado. For his favoritehobby he lists "business and troubleenough to retard age." His threechildren, one son and two daughters,are all married and he has three fineyoung grandsons.1911Arthur C. McGill, JD, DesMoines lawyer, also acts as counsel forthe Equitable Life Insurance Companyof Iowa.1922Sidney Frisch, '20; JD, and AbelJ. DeHaan, '25, JD'26, announce the change of their firm name from Frischand Frisch to Frisch and DeHaan.Alumni associated with this firm areGeorge J. Fox, LLB'25, Louis J.Schlifke, '32, JD'34, Sol Jaffe, '33,JD'35. Their law offices are locatedat 134 North LaSalle Street, Chicago.ENGAGEDHerbert L. Michel, '28, MD'32, toHelen Ann Leventhal.Ruth Lyman, '32, to William Mac-auley Hill of Wichita, Kansas.Charlotte Louise Meyer, '32, toCarl Maling Skonberq, '32.Margaret A. Wilfinger, '37, toMichael Ference, Jr., '33, SM'34.Beulah Wright, '33, to Carl L.Berghult.Aaron M*. Altschul, '34, to RuthBraude.Abra Jewel Halperin, '34, to Herbert Portes, '34, JD'36.Rosalyn Adele Swisky, ex '35, toPaul Morton Adler, '32.Margaret Ruth Walters, '35, toRobert George Bohnen, '33.Adele C. Sandman, '36, to HerbertN. Woodward, JD'36.Azalea Wiggins, '37, to WilliamFranklin Krahl, III.MARRIEDMarian Luella Morse, '32, toPhilip Foley Crane, December 30, 1936,Chicago.Agnes Jennings Adair, '34, to Dr.John F. Kuhn, Jr., of Oklahoma City,September 5, 1936. Address: 1210N.W. 37th Street, Oklahoma City.Evelyn R. Carr, '35, to David JohnHarris, Jr., '35, December 18, 1936,Thorndike Hilton Memorial Chapel. Athome, 7121 Bennett Avenue, Chicago.Wayne Leroy Reinert, AM'35, toRuth Arnold, October 17 in ThorndikeHilton Chapel; at home, 6126 Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago.Marian August, ex '36, to RobertLewis Fisher, December 26, Oak Park,111.Marshon DePoister, AM'36, toVelda Murdock, September 27, 1936,Chicago. They have taken up theirresidence in Rensselaer, Indiana.Douglas Law Jocelyn, AM'36, toDorothy Gray, August 19, 1936; address, R.F.D. No. 3, Middletown, New-York.BORNTo Howard Wakefield, '17, MD'24,and Mrs. Wakefield, a son, Howard,Jr., December 19, 1936, Chicago.To Howard C. Amick, '25, and Mrs.Amick, a daughter, Marjorie Ellen,May 21, 1936, Sioux City, Iowa.To Erling Dorf, '25, PhD'30, andMrs. Dorf, a son, Thomas Alfred, October 31, 1936, Princeton, New Jersey,To Charles E. Kallal, '30, andMrs. Kallal, a daughter, Jacqueline Lee,November 6, 1936, Berwyn, Illinois.To Howard R. Anderson, AM'28,and Mrs. Anderson, a son Gustav [Douglas, August 28, 1936, Iowa City,Iowa.To C. R. Chartrand, AM'33, andMrs. Chartrand, a son, Philip EdwardOctober 20, 1936, Moulmein, Burma.To John M. Hills, '34, and Mrs.Hills, a son, Edward, May 19, 1936Midland, Texas.DIEDJohn Fishel, MD'81, physician andsurgeon. October 26, 1936, St. Paul,Minnesota.Frank Wesley Knowles, MD'83,pioneer local physician and surgeon,'former county supervisor and prominent Mason, died suddenly of heart at.tack at his home in Los Gatos, California, November 3, 1936.James E. Downs, MD'89, October16, 1936, San Diego, California. Aveteran physician, he had practiced inthe State of California since 1893.John Dewitt Hawks, MD'91, 68,died November 19, 1936, in East Lansing,- Mich. He practiced in Illinoisuntil the World War, when he enlistedand served in the medical corps. After1920 he had charge of the X-RayLaboratories at the Hahnemann Hospital in Chicago and later took chargeof the Columbus X-Ray Laboratories inChicago where he continued until hisretirement about five years ago.Frank Keith Meade, MD'02, forthirty-four years a physician in Hays,Kansas, died on August 2, 1936, atthe age of sixty-one.^ Olav S. Behrents, MD'03, who retired in 1927 after serving as a medicalmissionary in China for nearly a quarter of a century, died December 8,1936, Chicago. He had practiced medicine in Three Rivers, Mich., since hisretirement from missionary work.Albert B. Poppen, '06, MD'09, diedJuly 10, 1936, in Muskegon. Michigan,where he had practiced gynecology formany years.Mrs. Florence Richardson Robinson, PhD'08, formerly Professor ofpsychology at Drake University and amember of the University of Chicagofaculty, died December 4, 1936, in NewHaven Conn. A leader in communitywelfare work in Eastern and midwestcommunities for a quarter of a century,she had written a volume on sensorycontrol together with numerous articlesand had collaborated with her husband,Edward S. Robinson of Yale University, in several scientific investigations.Benton Barrett Baker, ex '13,Lieutenant Junior Grade, United StatesNavy, died November 27, 1936. Funeralservices were held by the Legion Postand Sigma Chi. He is survived by hiswife, Elizabeth Morgan Baker, '15.David Mitchell Blum, MD'21, 38,Des Moines physician, died Sunday, December 13, 1936, after a heart attack. Inaddition to own practice, he gave muchtime to the Des Moines health centerand was active in the medical societiesof the state and county.The Pontiac Motor Division of the General Motors Sales Corporation and its Dealers extend a cordial invitation to all Alumni,friends and well-wishers of the University of Chicago to hearCHICAGO NIGHTon a new series of coast-to-coast radio broadcaststo be known as . . .PONTIAC'SV^ VARSITY SHOW"BROADCAST DIRECT FROM THE CAMPUSFRIDAY, JAN. 29, 10:30 P.M. (E. S. T.) NBC RED NETWORK*$$$&With the approval of President Hutchins and the cooperationof all interested University authorities, Pontiac will presenton Friday, January 29th, the second of a series ofradio broadcasts that should quicklybecome one of the outstanding programs on the air. The broadcast willbe made direct from the campus atChicago and will be transmittedover the entire NBC Red Network at10:30 p. m.. Eastern Standard Time.You will hear the University Band, the Glee Club, andthe cream of student vocal, instrumental, and dramatic talentin a program which, for pace, variety and brilliance ofproduction, will be second to none now being broadcast.If you tune in, we are certain you will not only be highlyentertained by the quality of the program itself, but that ISyou will also thrill once more to the music, songs and atmosphere of your student days.First in the series will be Michiganon January 22nd to be followed byChicago, Ohio State, Columbia andPennsylvania in the order mentionedat regular weekly intervals.Pontiac is happy to sponsor the "Varsity Show"for two reasons: First, because it gives us an opportunityto be of some service to the university graduates of Americawhose acceptance of Pontiac Sixes and Eights has beensuch an important factor in Pontiac's success; and second,because we believe that the radio audience of Americawill be agreeably surprised at the talent available on thecampuses of America.PONTIAC MOTOR DIVISION, PONTIAC, MICHIGANGeneral Motors Sales Corporation68 STATIONS • From 10:30 to 11:00 p.m. E.S. 7.-WWNC • WFBR • WNAC • WBEN • WCSC • WSOC • WLW • WTAM • WIS • WCOL • WWJWOOD • WFBC • WTIC • WJAX • WIOD • WEAF • WTAR • KYW • WCAE • WCSH • WJAR • WPTF • WRVA • WGY • WFLA-WSUN • WRC • WTAG.From 9:30 to 10:00 p.m. C.S.T.-KGNC . WSB • KFYR • WMAQ • WFAA-WBAP • WEBC • WDAY • WGL • KTHS • KPRC - WIRE • WJDXWDAF • KARK • WAVE • WIBA • WMC • WTMJ • KSTP • WSMB • WKY • WOW • WOAI • KTBS • KFBX • KSD • KVOO. From 8:30 to 9:00p.m. M.S. T.-KGHL • KGIR • KOA • KTAR • KDYL. From 7:30 to 8:00 p.m. P.S. T.-KMJ • KFI • KGW • KFBK • KPO • KOMO • KHQ • KWG.<&TiSILV£RSTR&K M \\j W W AMERICAS FINFINEST LOW -PRICED CARCopyright 1937, Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co.