' ca j&i&iSJL) Tt 2» 1936t**iTHE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEFEB R U A R Y 19 3 6"fflBS !?& •3S9(S3 ©IFran ss&iBL so&sA WENTY YEARS AGO, the wise car driver carried a nailfile to clean the platinum points in the distributor.Today, the nail file is banished from the automobile tool kit. Tungsten points, developedin the General Electric Research Laboratory, in Schenectady, N. Y., have replaced softand expensive platinum. There is little need to file tungsten points. Hidden away, requiringno attention, they break electric circuits half a million times an hour and save car ownersmillions of dollars a year.Is this all G-E research has done for 24 million car owners? No! It has given newwelding methods — and a stronger and safer car at lower cost; Glyptal finishes — and theexpense of repainting your car is postponed for years; headlights and highway lighting— night driving becomes safer for motorist and pedestrian.Every product that carries the G-E name has built into it the results of G-E research.Other industries — and the public that buys the goods of those industries — have benefitedby this research, that has saved the American people from ten to one hundred dollars forevery dollar it has earned for General Electric.GENERAL O ELECTRICTHE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINECOUNCILHoward P. Hudson, '35Associate EditorPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNICharlton T. Beck, '04Editor and Business ManagerFred B. Millett, PhD '31, John P. Howe, '27, John P. Barden, '35Contributing EditorsMilton E. Robinson, Jr., '11, JD '13, Louise Norton Swain, '09, AM '16, John J. McDonough, '28Council Committee on PublicationsIN THIS ISSUEWHEN anyone gives away a million dollars, we like to hear thestory. And when it is given to ourUniversity, it is doubly interesting.Besides the account of the SpelmanFund grant for the amalgamation ofseventeen public administrationgroups as reported in News on theQuadrangles, we are fortunate tohave an account of the whole projectby the man who knows most about it,Louis Brownlow, director of the Public Administration Clearing House.When he was a young man William D. MacMillan rode the rangein Texas. Long nights under the famous Texas skies gave him plenty ofopportunity to study the heavens.Now, as Professor of Astronomy atthe University and one of the leadingfigures in science today, he is peculiarly fitted to write on the scientificpoint of view. So popular was hisconvocation address in December,Science and Belief, that we are bringing it to you in this issue.For the second time in two monthswe have an article by George D. Livingstone. Through a study of the National Broadcasting Company he illustrates how our alumni are peoplingradio. You may be amazed to findthe number of "greats" who are fellow alumni.While we're still on the subject ofradio take a glance at the schedule ofthe University Broadcasting Council.If you've been following their programs we'll say no more. But if youhaven't you'd better start tuning in today and find out what the pioneerleaders in educational radio are doing. You'll like it, we predict.The literary efforts of most football coaches are usually confined toan exposition of the dire consequencesof the new rules or the selection ofgreat players of all time. ClarkShaughnessy, however, proves hisversatility by discussing Ethics inFootball Coaching. If you believethat coaches are responsible for winsor losses, or that they are responsiblefor the buying of players on the openmarket, you may be in for a surprise.TABLE OF CONTENTSFEBRUARY, 1936PageScience and Belief, William D. MacMillan 3NBC Is U. of C. Conscious, GeorgeD. Livingstone 6Educational Entertainment 8Public Administration Steps Forward, Louis Brownlow. 9Ethics in Football Coaching, ClarkD. Shaughnessy 11Man : A Land Form with a WaterProblem, Wells D. Burnett e 14Alumni Meetings 17In My Opinion 18YOQ, Howard W. Mort 20News of the Quadrangles 22Athletics 28News of the Classes 30 Just as we were preparing an article about John A. Wilson announcing his appointment as successor toDr. James H. Breasted as head of theOriental Institute, he beat us to itwith a sensational report of a newdiscovery. In News of the Quadrangles we have reported the storyof the finding of the tablets of Xerxes.Wells D. Burnette continues hiscanvass of the departments in Man:A Land Form With a Water Problem. In case you're still in the dark,the department is Geography.Despite the consistent losing ofsome University teams, we are stillproducing nationally famous stars.Following the lead of Berwanger andHaarlow comes Ray Ellinwood, speedchampion, whose performance in the440 recently smashed the world record. John Howe has an account ofit in his column.We are indebted to John Robertsfor the striking picture on the cover.Columnist Mort has founded a newdepartment, YOQ, which, he explains cryptically, is pronounced"Why-Aught-Que." Further probing uncovers the fact that this is derived from WYOTQW, or WereYou on the Quadrangles When; andthen follows a Chicago story of theold days. To his great joy and ourstoo, he has received a contributionwhich he features this month. Wewish him many more.Published by the Alumni Council of the University of Chicago, monthly, from November to July. Office of Publication, 403 Cobb Hall, 58th St. atEllis Avenue, Chicago. Annual subscription price $-2.00. Single copies 25 cents. Entered as second class matter December 1, 1934, at the Post Officeat Chicago, Illinois, under the act of March 3, 1879. The Graduate Group, I nc, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, is the official advertising agency ofthe University of Chicago Magazine.EVERY MIRROR DANCERA MERRIEL ABBOTT GIRLMore than ordinary revue, and according to tradition justone step ahead of the campus is this year's Mirror.A lively new note in Mirror dancing is promised byMerriel Abbott, who, co-operating with Frank HurburtO'Hara '15, the University's Director of Dramatic Productions, brings to Mandel Hall the vivacity that has, characterized the Merriel Abbott girls in the Follies, the Scandals andon their European tours.The glittering Mirror is on display March 6 and 7; ticketsare priced at $1.10 and 55c.VOLUME XXVIII THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINE NUMBER 4FEBRUARY, 1936SCIENCE AND BELIEF• By WILLIAM D. MacMILLAN, AM '06, PhD '08, Professor of AstronomyFOR the past three centuries in Western Europeand for something more than half a century inthe United States there has been conducted acareful, systematic study of the physical world in whichmankind dwells. So far as we can tell from the writtenrecords, these studies have been inspired by a passion toinvestigate some particular thing, a passion that now andthen seizes an individual who is not conspicuously different otherwise from other men.For example, in Poland in the latter part of thesixteenth century, Tycho Brahe spent his life in whatwould be regarded by most people as the utterly uselesstask of recording the exact positions of the planets in thesky, specializing particularly on the planet Mars. Shortlyafterwards, in Italy, Galileo devoted himself to the apparently absurd study of the manner in which bodiesmove and especially the motion of falling bodies. Neithercould possibly have imagined the consequences that followed from their work.Quite likely this spirit of investigation is as old asthe human race itself. Effective consequences, however,did not follow in the remote past, for the results of investigation usually died with the investigator. Since thesixteenth century the printing press has been available,not only for the making of permanent records but for thebroadcasting of them throughout the world. The resultsof investigation became cumulative and thereby stimulating. The discoveries and the ideas of individual menhave become the common property of all who are interested.The labors of Tycho Brahe and Kepler and Galileoprepared the way for Newton, and with Newton came anintellectual revolution. In the new science of theoreticalmechanics which he built up, it was shown that themotion of every particle whatever, living or non-living,obeys four very simple laws; and by virtue of these laws,and these laws alone, the position of the moon in itsmotion around the earth and the positions of the earthand its sister planets in their motions about the sun canbe foretold with a nicety that excites the imagination ofthose who can understand and the wonder and awe ofthose who see that this is true but who cannot understand. Even to the man who works out the details of aneclipse of the sun and predicts, perhaps years ahead, themoment at which the eclipse becomes total there comes,after a brief interval of expectancy, that same feeling of awe as he sees the shadow of the moon rush by at thepredicted moment.Out among the stars, millions of times as far awayas the ninety-three millions of miles that separate usfrom the sun, these four laws of Newton are in evidence,just as they are within the Solar System; for the binarystars also move in their courses in a predictable way.But it is not alone in the majestic field of celestialmechanics, in which the acting force is gravitation, thatthese laws hold. They hold in every terrestrial movement, from the running of the most delicate watch thatserves to measure time, to the huge dynamos that drivethe various machines of a great city, from the gentlest ofzephyrs to the raging of a West Indian hurricane.If I speak of these great achievements in the domainof mechanics, it is not for their own sake but for theirbearing upon our fundamental beliefs, our intellectualoutlook upon life. Where previously we had seen onlythe control of spirits, benign, neutral or spiteful, but always capricious, in the activities of nature, with mankind as the center of interest in a drama that was beingplayed upon the earth as a stage, with a final reckoningin a spiritual life after death; today the spirits havedisappeared and the stage has been so enlarged that theentire earth is but a speck of dust upon it. The sun itself is but an insignificant member of a galaxy of manybillions of stars ; and in the far distant reaches of spacemillions of other galaxies are visible. Galaxies aregrouped together with other galaxies into physical unitsof a still higher order, and so on, doubtless without end.Even the astronomers have been amazed by the tremendous distances that can be penetrated by their moderntelescopic equipment, distances so vast that even lightitself requires 200,000,000 years to measure its span, andthese distant objects are seen, not as they are today butas they were 200,000,000 years ago.In all of this vast physical universe there is no signof caprice. What we see is order, regularity, uniformity.The same uniformity is in evidence to the geologists intheir efforts to understand the processes of erosion andof mountain building. It is conspicuous to the chemists, who build up their invisible molecules with the certainty of an architect in the construction of a great cathedral. It is fairly clear to the physicists in their studiesof the tiny atoms and in their efforts to resolve them intostill tinier bits. But the exploration of this hopelessly34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEinvisible world is relatively very recent and a satisfactory account of it is not yet possible. There are still afew physicists who hold the principle of uniformity indoubt in this sub-atomic world — and this is well, foreventually the doubters force the non-doubters to a showdown and that is what every honest thinker desires. Acardinal principle among scientific men is skepticism.We are striving for ideas and conclusions to which allinformed people can subscribe. Credulous faith andpropaganda have no place in our methods.Associated with our growing consciousness of thesize of the visible universe there has come, with increasing vividness, a perception of vast stretches of time ; forit is almost inevitable that the time scale must increasewith the space scale. At the opening of the nineteenthcentury the distances of the stars were not known, andit was believed by scholars and laymen alike that creation occurred only six thousand years ago, and that theearth and the skies were created substantially as theyare now. There is entirely satisfactory evidence todaythat the age of the earth is not less than two billions ofyears ; and the time that has elapsed since the earth firstcame into being is quite likely several times that figure.As for the galaxy, its age is to be measured by thousands, if not millions, of billions of years.If to the principle of uniformity, which is foundeverywhere in the visible world, is added the principle ofcontinuity, we have what are probably the two fundamental assumptions of scientific men. The principle ofcontinuity asserts that the universe exists continuously intime, and that the state of the universe at any instant isa direct consequence of the state of the universe at theinstant before, or, the universe flows continuously fromone state to another in the course of time. Somethingnever becomes nothing, and nothing never becomes something. A creation in this sense would not be admittedby scientific- men.These two principles of continuity and uniformity,taken together, form the essence of the doctrine of evolution which, in its simplest form, merely asserts thateverything has had a history — a mode by which it cameinto being, an allotted time during which it continues asa recognizable identity and, finally, its dissolution. Astronomers are tremendously interested in the evolutionof stars — or, if one prefers, their histories. Strangelyenough, it was in this field that speculations of an evolutionary type began. It is just a century and a quartersince the gifted French mathematician and astronomerLaplace expressed the idea that the nebulae, which canbe seen in the night skies, are clouds of very hot gases,and that the stars are condensed from these clouds verymuch as rain drops are condensed from clouds of watervapor; in the case of the sun, a family of planets wasformed in a certain manner during the process of condensation. This speculation of Laplace is known as th?Nebular Hypothesis. On account of its simplicity andon account of the fact that it harmonized in a very beautiful manner certain astronomical data, it was dominantduring the entire nineteenth century.At the very close of the century, however, the Nebular Hypothesis was examined critically by T. C. Cham-berlin and F. R. Moulton on our own campus. Ongrounds that are both astronomical and geological they showed, in a manner that is conclusive to many, that ourfamily of planets could not have been formed in thefashion imagined by Laplace, and they proposed a newhypothesis which was called the Planetesimal Hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, the origin of our family of planets is to be found in the highly dynamic situa-ti n that results from the close approach of some otherstar to our sun, an event that sooner or later is sure tooccur. At the present time, the Planetesimal Hypothesisis dominant, notwithstanding the many difficulties, thatremain to be overcome.Such a change in the point of view of scientific menis not an unusual event. Any particular story of theevolution that has occurred in the past is always subjectto doubt. At no stage of their investigations can menbe in possession of all possible evidence and, even if theywere, they would have no means of knowing that fact.From the mathematicians' point of view, there is no suchthing as "complete proof" of anything in the physicalworld, and evidence that is convincing at one time maycease to be convincing at another.During the first three-quarters of the nineteenth century the wave theory of light was triumphant. In thehands of Young, Fresnel and Clerk Maxwell it attainedalmost the perfection of celestial mechanics, and therewas very little doubt that light, and radiation in general,was a transverse wave motion in a hypothetical ether.In the last quarter of the century came the famous experiment of Michelson and Morley. This was an attemptto detect the motion of the earth with respect to theether, as the earth moves in its yearly course about thesun. It was found that the effects predicted by the theorydid not exist. An effort by Einstein to reconcile this experiment with the electro-magnetic theory led to thesomewhat bizarre theory of relativity. Other discoveries, however, such as the photo-electric effect, and theCompton effect, discovered by our own Professor Compton, apparently cannot be explained by a wave theoryand have led us back to a reconsideration of the old emission theory of the eighteenth century — the theory thatwas held by Newton. At the present moment, we haveno coherent theory of radiation. The high hopes thatwere entertained in the middle of the nineteenth centuryare in the midst of a deep depression.The doctrine of the conservation of matter was afundamental generalization of the past century. Everycarefully conducted experiment showed that, in thechemical transformations that are going on everywhereabout us, there is neither gain nor loss of weight. Molecules could be built up and they could be resolved backinto the 92 varieties of atoms of which they are composed ; but the atoms were permanent, fundamental,physical units that could be neither created nor destroyed. Hence the generalization that, in all of thetransformations of the physical world the total numberof atoms is. neither increased nor decreased and, therefore, matter is conserved. Then came the -phenomenonof radioactivity. It was discovered that certain classesof atoms are spontaneously breaking up into two or moreatoms, with a liberation of energy in the process. Thisdiscovery initiated a vigorous attack upon the nature ofthe atom. Today the atoms are regarded as organizedstructures built up of electrons and protons, and perhapsTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 5still other units. Their peculiar properties are due tothe particular type of organization to which they belong.When we analyze much of the physical matter withwhich we are familiar, we find that it is an organizationof crystals and cells plus energy. The crystals and cellsare found to be organizations of molecules plus energy.The molecules in turn are organizations of atoms plusenergy. Now we find that the atoms, too, are organizations of electrons and protons plus enormous energy.When the time comes, if ever, when we can resolve theelectrons and protons, it will be found, doubtless, thatthey, likewise, are organizations of still smaller units plusenergy, and so on, without limit.Thus a modern analysis of matter leads us to nothing but energy and its organization. The older notionsas to the nature of matter are disappearing, and that unsubstantial something that we call energy, and its organization, is taking their place. The duality of "Matter andEnergy" is being replaced by the single concept ofenergy, and the doctrine of the Conservation of Energyis stronger than before.The interpretation of nature through the agency ofThe 32nd Annual WashingtonProm held this year February 21 atthe Lake Shore Athletic Club wasfeatured by the music of Benny Goodman and Charles Gaylord and ranuntil 3:30 — the longest in Prom history.Leaders of the three wings of thegrand march pictured to the right are:Barbara Vail, president of Mirror;Jeanne Stolte, news editor of TheDaily Maroon; Cynthia Grabe, Senioraide; Robert Ebert, president of theDramatic Association; Jay Berwanger,captain of football, and Ralph Nicholson, editor of The Daily Maroon. capricious spirits sufficed for primitive, uncritical men.That interpretation ceased to be sufficient after the principle of uniformity, so beautifully developed in the science of mechanics, had been clearly perceived. Theeighteenth century was devoted largely to that development. With the nineteenth century came a whole host ofsciences, an effort to carry the principle of uniformityinto every field of nature. These efforts were rewardedby a great many new generalizations that were so fruitful it is small wonder that men became dogmatic aboutthem. The accumulation of experience in many fields,however, has had a sobering effect. In the light of present knowledge some of the older generalizations werewrong, some partly wrong; others still stand unchallenged, notwithstanding an intense, critical examination.No statement with respect to the physical world canbe made that, with certainty, will remain unchallengedthroughout all of the centuries to come. Each generation of men will make generalizations that meet theirown experiences and satisfy their intellectual needs. Nofinal statement, no ultimate belief is possible unless, indeed, men cease further to strive.NBC IS U. OF C CONSCIOUSRADIO — that magic word has changed things considerably in the last fifteen years since the fog-blackened night in a bare London room when theyoung Marconi with a few stuttering sparks worked toconvince British engineers that it was possible to send amessage without wires.Your University through its cooperation with theNational Broadcasting Company, and the students whohave walked out of the doors of Cobb Hall, Eckhart, andthe Law School into positions with the concern, has hadmore to do with that development than you may realize.Do you know that it was from your University thefirst football broadcast originated? The game the University of Chicago played with Princeton October 28,1922, at Stagg Field was the beginning of sports onthe air.Are you aware that your University in February1930 initiated the first and still most popular adult educational feature over radio — the Round Table ? Are suchnames as Noble Cain, Morgan L. Eastman, Roy Shield,Ruth Lyon, H. R. Baukhage, and Shaindel Kalish familiar to you ? They are NBC artists. They are also former students of the University of Chicago, some of themgraduates, three of them with higher degrees.One day in the fall of 1916 a square chinned youngman who was to become the National Broadcasting Company's choral director, walked determinedly into theOffice of Admissions and announced he was there to enrollas a post-graduate in the division of German Literature.On the registration card he wrote — Noble Cain. Twoyears later, when he was twenty-one, he received hisA. M. degree from that department, one of the youngestever to be giventhe honor, although, in addition to his German studies, hehad spent fromfive to sevenhours a day inpiano practice.Back in Chicago after theWorld War, heorganized and directed a chorusfor a large loopdepartment store.In 1932 NobleCain and his ACappella choir,numbering sixty-five of the bestMorgan L. Eastman non- professionalCarnation Contented, coast to coast . ." Singers in the • By GEORGE D. LIVINGSTONE, '34country recruited from the ranks, of housewives, insurance men, stenographers, and business executives, werebrought to the attention of radio and NBC. Soon after,he was given the direction of vocal programs, conductingall vocal auditions in the Chicago studio.Any Sunday at 9:30 p. m., tune your radio toWENR and listen to the Edison Symphony program!Morgan L. Eastman conducts that 100-piece orchestrain arrangements of the music of such masters as Haydn,Beethoven,Schubert, Mendelssohn, Wagner, and Greig.Or some Monday evening, ahalf hour earlier,listen to the Carnation Contentedprogram whenhe directs another band in acoast-to-coastbroadcast. Morgan L. Eastmanis an alumnus ofyour University.Although anace om plishedmusician, he entered the University of Chicago to studyfor a higher degree in mathematics and not in music. He paid his tuition byconducting an orchestra. Immediately after, reverting tomusic, he embarked for study in Vienna and Budapest,meeting his expenses by working as the secretary to theAmerican Consul-general days, and playing in street-cafes nights. Returning to Chicago, like Noble Cain, heworked with choral groups until he was called to headthe first radio station in the middle west — KYW. Asdirector of KYW he broadcast the first Grand Operaover radio. He came to the National Broadcasting Company in 1931 when the broadcasting chain took over theoperating management of station WENR.Roy Shield is the Central Division Musical Director. Like Morgan L. Eastman, he conducts the orchestra on many National Broadcasting Company programsyou have probably heard. Shield entered the department of Psychology at the University in 1911 for a yearsstudy of psychology. He had been a child piano prodigyplaying concerts at fifteen. From overseeing the bizarreaccompaniment to the slaps, bangs, and falls, and theother duties that go with a movie comedy, he went toNBC's San Francisco division as music director in JuiWRyth LyonRomance languages to love songs6THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 71931, and was transferred to Chicago as Central Divi-sjon Musical Director that September. He is one of thecountry's leading authorities on radio music and soundreproduction.Radio owes to Noble Cain, Morgan L. Eastman,and Boy Shield improving innovations in the presentation of programs. Noble Cain with his daring vocal introductions has injected life into ensemble singing. Morgan L. Eastman originated such standard practices asthe balanced orchestra, sound effects, and standbys, andRoy Shield is one of the most rapid and novel arrangersin the industry.Sometimes appearing with Morgan L. Eastman onthe Edison Symphony half hour is Ruth Lyon, one ofradio's most popular sopranos. Ruth Lyon transferredto the University at the end of her second year. Declaring her interest in Romance languages, she majored inthat division. In spite of her excellent voice, she haddecided to become a language teacher. When she graduated she had a Ph. B. with honors in Spanish, and wasplaced as a substitute teacher to finish the four monthsof a remaining year in a Chicago girls' school. Thereshe taught French and Spanish. But at the end of theyear, she decided to chance her voice, and made her firstpersonal appearance before the microphone in 1929.Appropriately enough, both Ruth Lyon and RoyShield appeared on the inaugural program that broughtthe newly formed University Broadcasting Council,headed by AllenMiller '26, radiodirector of theUniversity, toNBC networkson October 8,1935.One of themost colorful ofUniversity ofChicago alumninow part of theNational Broadcast i n g Company is H. R.Baukhage, newscommentator onthe N a t i o n a 1Farm and HomeHour heardevery week dayfrom 1 1 :30 a. m. to 12 :30 p. m., CST, over an NBC-WJZnetwork. Following the cue from Chicago "We take younow to Washington ," H. R. Baukhage gives his informational human interest comments on people, things,and events in the National Capital telling what's happening, who's doing it, and who's behind the news. Baukhagegot his Ph. B. the same year that Roy Shield was studying psychology at the University — 1911. Reporter,scholar, actor, soldier, and back to reporter is the lifecycle of the man who is known to Farm and Home Hourlisteners only as the "Radio Voice of the United StatesNews." Alexander Woolcott, whose recent appearanceon the quadrangles relating the "Confessions of a DyingNewspaper Man" to some two thousand students hastilyRoy Shieldnovel arranger Shaindel KalishThe University, Grand Hotel, Hollytvoodassembled inMandel Hall, thescene of his lasty e a r's triumph,was a fellow reporter of Bauk-h a g e and theA. E. F. paper,Stars andStripes, inFrance.But MandelHall is not always the homeof the conquering hero. WalterWicker, the co-author of"Today's Children," heard at10:30 a. m., overan NBC - WJZnetwork, madehis one and only public address before his first radioaudition at the age of eight on the stage of MandelHall where he was so thoroughly overcome with stagefright that he was absolutely cured of all acting ambitions.On the staff of the University of Chicago MedicalSchool is Dr. Sol Perry. Dr. Perry's wife is Bess Johnson who plays the role of Frances Moran, a character inthe series of dramatic sketches written by Walter Wicker.Not long ago Noble Cain entered the Press Relations Department of the National Broadcasting Companyon the twentieth floor of the Merchandise Mart thus increasing the total number of persons in that room whohad attended the University of Chicago to four. Thenumber would have been five had not R. G. McBroom,another member of the department, been in Seattle,Washington, at the time on a leave of absence taking abar examination for which he had been trained at theUniversity Law School. Both William Ray, who attended the Law School from 1929 to 1932, and KennethFry, Assistant Manager of the department and a formerstudent, were there.Many remember the present Mrs. Fry as a secretary in the President's Office. She was Margaret Fresh-ley of the Class of '25. Their meeting culminated in theFry-Freshley wedding when both were students with theparty of the first part working his way through as asports writer and later sports editor on the Chicago Evening Post — the youngest man occupying that desk on anymetropolitan newspaper in the country. In the inter-vening years, Margaret Freshley has become a writer,combining a career in radio script writing with that ofthe mother of two children.William V. Morgenstern is Publicity Director ofthe University. Four years ago Mrs. Morgenstern wasin charge of audience mail in Chicago at the NationalBroadcasting Company.The star of the recent dramatic hit "Girls in Uniform," Shaindel Kalish, is an actress who appeared intermittently on Nickleodeon, Lights Out, and Grand8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHotel, and studied at the University of Chicago. She isnow in Hollywood in motion pictures.Last year twenty-five University of Chicago professors appeared ninety-three times before NBC audienceson Round Table discussions with timely comment onsubjects of economic, political, and social importance.In that period Stuart P. Meech, Associate Professorof Finance, was heard nineteen times. William H. Spencer, Dean of the School of Business, spoke twelve times.Harry P. Gideonse, Professor of Economics, ten, andT. V. Smith, popular Professor of Philosophy and Illinois State Senator, appeared but once less. QuincyWright and Donald Slesinger, Professor of InternationalLaw, and Associate Dean of the Social Sciences respectively, were heard from on six occasions. F. L. Schumann appeared five times. James Weber Linn, Professor of English, talked in four discussions ; Paul H. Douglas, Professor of Economics, in three. Jerome G. Ker-win, Professor of Political Science, Marcus W. Jerne-gan, Professor of Business Law, Raleigh W. Stone, Associate Professor of Industrial Relations each appearedtwice. Lewis C. Sorrell, Professor of Transportation, Louis Brownlow, Lecturer in Political Science, CharlesB. Merriam, Chairman of the Division of Political Science, Ernst W. Puttkammer, Professor of Law, DonaldStone, Director of the Public Administration Service,Garfield V. Cox, Professor of Finance, Percy LI. Boyn-'ton, Professor of English, Marshall E. Dimock, Professor of Political Science, Charles S. Ascher, Lecturer inPolitical Science, Carl H. Henrikson, Assistant Dean ofthe School of Business, Edward A. Duddy, Professor ofMarketing, A. Eustace Haydon, Professor of Comparative Religion, were all heard from at various times.Clifton Utley, Director of the Chicago Council onForeign Relations, who has participated on numerousSundays, while not a member of the faculty, is a graduate of the University.With the University the originator of the first adulteducational program and a pioneer in such broadcasting,a participant in the first football broadcast, and a contributor of its students to NBC positions of executivesand artists, is it any wonder that NBC has becomeU. of C. conscious?EDUCATIONAL ENTERTAINMENT: Take Your ChoiceThe Program of the University Broadcasting CouncilSundays10:00-10:15 AMWGN11:00-12:00 NWGN11:30-12:00NNBC-WMAO3 :30- 4 :00 PMMBS-WGN7:00- 7:15 PMWGNMondays through8:00- 8:15 AMWINDMondays10:00-10:30 AMWITD The Reviewing StandA discussion of current topics presented by two members of the faculty of Northwestern University.University of Chicago Chapel ServiceNoted speakers, both preachers andlaymen, are chosen to make the addresses.University of Chicago Round TableA discussion of current topics presented by three members of thefaculty of the University of Chicago. An outside speaker is usedoccasionally. This discussion isextemporaneous.Masters of ScienceDramatization of the highlights inthe life and work of great scientists.Book TalksA discussion of current books presented by Professor Percy HolmesBoynton of the Department ofEnglish, University of Chicago.SaturdaysMatin ServiceA short devotional program bymembers of the faculty and advanced students of the ChicagoTheological Seminary.Illinois League of Women VotersSpeakers are chosen from the fac- 1 :00- 1 :30 PMNBC-WMAQ ulty of one of the three Universities, or some other authority inthe field of Government or Civicaffairs. A discussion period follows the talk, participated in byone or two members of the league.American Education ForumAn NBC weekly program in whichmembers of the faculty of the University of Chicago are presentedthe third Monday in each month.Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays1 :30- 1 :45 PM DePaul University Music Apprecia-WIND tionPresented by Arthur C. Becker,organist and Dean of the Schoolof Music.Tuesdays through Fridays10 :00-10 :30 AM Effective SpeechWJJDTuesdays3:30-4:00 PMMBS-WGN Presented by Professor Davis Eel-wards of the Speech Departmentof the University of Chicago Divinity School. Professor Edwardsconducts his class in the campusstudio, the students taking part inthe broadcast.Illinois Congress of Parents andTeachersThis program is conducted in thesame manner as the Illinois Leagueof Women Voters program.{Continued on Page 13)PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONSteps ForwardBy LOUIS BROWNLOW, Lecturer in Political ScienceTHE grant of $1,000,000 to the University of Chicago by the Spelman Fund of New York, as an aidto "the growing movement for greater efficiency ingovernment, particularly at the state and local levels,"was announced by President Hutchins on January 17.The fund is to be used to erect and maintain a buildingon land of the University on the south side of the Midway at Kenwood Avenue, to serve as headquarters for agroup of national governmental organizations which hasgrown up around the University during the past sevenyears. The grant may perhapsbe taken as a sign that themovement which these associations represent has establishedits permanent value, and theprospect presented for closercollaboration between the organizations and the Universitywarrants putting before thefriends of the University someidea of the scope and purposeof this movement.We have heard much in recent years of the mounting rollof "tax spenders" and "pay-rollers" and of the burdens ofbureaucracy. It is true thatthe 175,000 units of government in this country employ acorps of more than three anda quarter million public servants : in 1932 one personof every eleven gainfully employed worked for the .public. What we have perhaps not observed, as a partof the gradual expansion in the number of publicemployees, is the increasingly wide scope of the publicservices. Government today is not merely governors andmayors, sheriffs and judges: it is traffic engineers andmilk inspectors, bacteriologists and psychiatrists, an armyof specialists who, in the words of one of our greatmayors, protect the air we breathe, the food we eat, andthe water we drink twenty-four hours a day.These government workers have long recognized theadvantages to be gained from association with their fellows: the opportunity for exchange of experience, ofunited action for the improvement of their crafts andtechniques. There are in this country over five hundredsuch associations, composed wholly or partly of variousclasses of public employees, from the highest to the lowest grades.As governmental activities have increased in complexity, a special group has emerged, those who do notthemselves carry on a particular function, but who direct,plan, control, and coordinate. In the language of thearmy, they are the staff, rather than the line officers:they are the aides to the executive, with whose help far-Louis Brownlow flung activities are kept in order : it is through their skillsthat efficiency, economy, and service can be promoted. Itis these skills that comprise the body of knowledge thathas come in recent decades to be called "public administration." The events of the last few years have broughthome to us clearly that the wisest policy proposed by theelected representatives of the people depends for its success upon the skill with which it is administered. Universities like Chicago have given increasing attention tothe theory and principles of public administration. Citizen groups throughout the country have realized as neverbefore the vital need for a trained corps of public administrators, first-rate men who would make a career of public service.It has for some time been the judgment of close students of this problem that one of the best avenues foradvance to their goal is through the public officials themselves ; on them lies the primary responsibility for improved standards of public service. They, like all therest of us, have a pride of craftsmanship, which can be afoundation stone in a better structure of government.A leader in recognizing the significance of these developments and foreseeing their possibilities was Dr.Charles E. Merriam, chairman of the political sciencedepartment of the University. Through his influence,the International City Managers' Association was persuaded to bring its headquarters to Chicago in 1929 ;space was provided in an old University building on theMidway, and Dr. Clarence E. Ridley, the Executive Director of the Association, was appointed associate professor of political science, thus early establishing a closebond between the University and the association of professional municipal administrators. This group was soonjoined by the Civil Service Assembly, the association ofpublic personnel officers, in which a leading spirit wasProfessor Leonard D. White of the University, now amember of the United States Civil Service Commission.In 1930 the American Legislators' Association established its headquarters at 850 East 58th Street, oneblock from the campus. This group had been organizedin 1925 by Henry W. Toll of Denver, who, having servedtwo terms in the Colorado Senate, saw the need and opportunity for improving the processes of law-making andthe possibilities of greater interstate cooperation. "850,"which now houses (in cramped and crowded quarters)15 organizations, has become something of a by- word inthe field of public administration, to designate this aggregation of governmental associations, which have over19,000 members in more than 5,000 cities in this countryand Canada, and a few abroad.What distinguishes this group from the rest of thefive hundred associations already mentioned is that it includes the chief staff officers, the central corps of administrators : personnel officers (the Civil Service Assembly), comptrollers, auditors, treasurers (Municipal910 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO M A G A Z I N EFinance Officers' Association), planning officials, assessing officers, city managers, and governmental researchers. Out of the American Legislators' Association.through which legislative reference bureaus are enabledbetter to provide a scientific basis for legislation, hasgrown the Council of Stale Governments, bringing together not only law-makers but the state cabinets, governors, attorney-generals and secretaries of state, a mechanism to facilitate the solution of interstate problems.This organization has set up the Interstate Commissionon Conflicting Taxation, and latterly the Tax RevisionCouncil, including the Secretary of the Treasury andother representatives of the Federal government. TheAmerican Municipal Association is the central federationof 36 state leagues of municipalities, of which the constituents are not individual officials, but the cities themselves, 5,000 of them.The group includes also associations of some of thenewer kinds of operating officials, housing officials andpublic welfare officers, and associations of municipal engineers and public works officials.These associations are primarily service agencies fortheir constituents. Through response to inquiries, throughresearch studies, special reports, news letters, conventions, and committee work, the officials are enabled toexchange experiences, to keep abreast of the most progressive practices in their fields, and are stimulated toincorporate those practices in their work. The effortsof the associations are supplemented by the activities ofPublic Administration Service, an agency which theymaintain jointly. Its trained staff of specialists hashelped over seventy governments, from PWA, WPAand FERA, to villages (as well as states, cities and counties) actually to install in effective operation improvedsystems of budgeting, accounting, stores and equipmentcontrol, central purchasing and other record and controlprocedures. This work is done on a non-profit fee basis.Scores of other units have adopted its recommendations, as published from time to time in manuals of procedure.The Service, through its publications division, issues forgeneral sale monographs and pamphlets on administrative problems.The only one of the group which has no constituentmembers is Public Administration Clearing House, ofwhich former Governor Lowden is Chairman, and President Hutchins a trustee. In its organization, ProfessorMerriam (formerly chairman of the Social Science Research Council) likewise took a leading role. Its purposeis to facilitate the interchange of information, points ofview, ideas and experience among organizations of public officials and of citizens, and other groups working forthe improvement in the administrative techniques of government. Louis Brownlow has been its director sinceits inception in 1931.The new building will provide a fitting home forthese organizations, and perhaps others which will feelthat they can profit by propinquity to them. Let it beemphasized that this is the only bond between them; eachis responsible to its own constituents, but each benefitsby the ease of intercourse which neighborliness brings.Similarly, although housed in a University building, the associations will continue to be entirely independent. The University is not responsible for them, and,as President Hutchins was careful to point out in his announcement, "The University does not intend to shift itsemphasis from theoretical work to specific training inpublic administration." However, he added, "The University's present plan of teaching and research in government should, in cooperation with Public Administration Clearing House, continue to result in the production of a considerable number of educated public officials."Seven of the organizations' directors have for someyears held appointments as lecturers at the University;other staff members have frequently lieen called upon for(Continued on Page 19)850 E. 58th St., Old Home of the Public Administration Clearing House$1,000,000 moves IS organizations from these "cramped and crowded quartan" on a tide street to thebroad vista of the Midway.ETHICS IN FOOTBALL COACHING• By CLARK D.ETHICS in Football Coaching is a very large andinclusive subject. It covers the relations of thecoaches to the boys playing the game, the publicwatching the games, their fellow coaches, the officials,the colleges and universities, the press and radio, andthe game itself. It, also, most certainly covers theactivities of the coaches in and out of the football season and on and off the football field.Just what a coach should do and not do is a matterof wide divergence of opinion. What would be lookedupon as ethical in one section of the country, would notbe so ethical in other parts of the country. Certaincollege administrations would fire a coach for what othercollege administrations hire him for.There is no certain gauge for the coaches to followand that is what makes our jobs difficult. Just whatour responsibilities, obligations and rights are, no oneis able to define.Obviously, the winning of games is an importantobjective, even though it should not be the prime objective. Winning football coaches, however, hardly everlose their jobs. A winning coach does not have toprove he is a good coach by argument and reasoning —his record is sufficient. The coach who loses games —and he does not have to lose many — is the one who iscontinually on the defensive. It is no longer ethicalfor the colleges to dismiss coaches because they havelost games — they are dismissed now usually because ofcertain shortcomings not connected with football itself.These faults were true while the same coach was winning, but as long as he produced results, no one paidany attention to them.The first thing then that a football coach must dois to hold his job. The surest way to hold his jobis to win. Whether he can hold his job even though heloses games depends upon the type of school he is employed by and the influence he has back of him. Unfortunately there are very few schools that will back upa losing coach and recognize the fact that he is outclassed by his opponents, both as to material and as tofacilities.As far as I know, there are only four factors involved in the development of winning football teams.The first and most important is the matter of material ;the second is the matter of facilities and time for practice ; the third is the selection of easy opponents ; andthe fourth and least important is the matter of coaching.Football coaches should not be in anyway responsible for getting material. No one expects the teacher ofliterature or mathematics to round up his students.There isn't a college or university in the country thatexpects its faculty to be responsible for the enrollingof students. Why, then, should football coaches be heldaccountable for football players failing as football playersany more than any of the other members of the teachingstaff should be held responsible for their students failing . SHAUGHNESSY, Professor of Physical EducationCoach Shaughnessy"Football ethics differ from section to section"their subjects? All that these faculties are responsiblefor is the efficient teaching of their subjects. If thestudents are not apt and fail, it is not the teacher whopays with the loss of the job, but the student who isdropped from the rolls because he is unable to keep upto the intellectual pace of the school he is attending.The fact that this question of material is so vitallybound up with the question of winning, puts the matter of material right up to the colleges and universities.If they expect to win, it is their business to furnish thematerial to the coach.A coach should only be responsible for doing anefficient job of teaching football to whatever boys comeout for football and to make his course in football soattractive that a fairly representative group of boyswill come out. He should not be asked to organizealumni or other groups and go into the highways andbyways looking for material much like the professionalbaseball scout does for the big league baseball teams.It has always seemed to me quite contradictory, tosay the least, for football coaches to be told by one setof institutions that getting material is part of their job,and by another set of institutions that they are disreputable proselyters if they do, and are not fit to associateor deal with young men. This business of blaming thefootball coach for the migration of football materialover the country is not fair. No coach can get veryfar proselyting if the school that employs him does notwant him to proselyte. If the status of the coach werewhat it should be — that of a teacher of a subject likethat of the other teachers, and he knew he would get afair deal when he lost games to opponents who had1112 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEbetter material, and would not have to worry about hisjob, most coaches would not proselyte and would notwant to proselyte.As far as the second factor goes, football playingis like any other skill — it takes time and facilities forinstruction. Obviously any school that permits moretime for practice than its opponents should play betterfootball.It would not be hard to be a consistent winner ifa coach could always pick his opponents. No matterhow poor his team might be, there are some, somewhere,worse and he would look great against these teams. Hismen would be great blockers and tacklers against theplayers on those teams. Against teams whose men arelarger, older, faster, and more experienced, these sameplayers of his, even though they would try desperately,would look bad. It is pretty hard to block a man whois naturally faster and stronger than you are. Howmany coaches, however, have the right to arrange schedules with opponents on the basis of athletic equality?Alumni demand and the exchequer requires that gamesbe arranged with opponents that are interesting, thatdraw at the gate, whether or not the teams are athleticequals.The only one of these four factors leading to winning football teams that is within the control of thecoaches, is the matter of coaching. Even here very fewcoaches are entirely free. Nearly all have disturbinginfluences that prevent them from doing what they feelis absolutely the right thing to do and which they wouldignore at their peril.In view of the almost complete lack of control ofour destiny, it is my opinion that football coaches forthe most part are as ethical as any body of men engagedin any profession. Very few professions are as uncertainin their objectives or as beset by trouble makers as thatof football coaching. It has always been thus and willalways remain so. Football will always be in the limelight, and the actors, particularly the coaches, will alwaysbe natural and defenseless targets for publicity seekersand those with a physical inferioritv complex. Occasionally a few fellows worried about their jobs will cut corners a little, but regardless of the constant pressure uponthe great body of football coaches, you find very fewcheaters among them.Shaughnessy and His Boys"Most coaches . . . are essentially human" Also, most of them, are considerate of each other.it is rare that you will find one who deliberately will tryto make a brother coach look bad. Sometimes, however,it cannot be helped. Coaches are often accused of takingadvantage of their players, but if an unbiased jury wereto review the facts in almost every one of such cases,you would find that the coach is not to blame for whatever has taken place. Most coaches with whom I havecome in contact during the twenty some odd years thatI have been coaching are essentially human and becomevery much attached to the boys on their teams. Thereare not many fathers who would demand that their sonsdo things to their detriment, or by example, or encouragement, be the cause of their sons getting involvedin unsavory transactions. Coaches almost to a man, arethe first ones to come to the aid of their boys if theyneed help, not by sentimental chatter but by action.I am now and always have been somewhat puzzledas to why football coaches are so often looked upon withsuspicion and sometimes even hostility. There is nouse dodging that fact. Why this is so is not important,but the fact that it is so is important. If you were tolisten to some people all the evils of the game of football, if any, are the fault of the football coaches. I don'tsuppose that any of us want to be held up as angels,but it gets quite monotonous to me to listen to thisconstant barrage of criticism. Our position in this respect is like the coach who loses his games and is thusput on the defensive as to whether he is any good asa coach. Anything he says is the "old alibi."I would like, however, to ask a lot of these thoughtless critics a few questions. Were I speaking to themI would ask:Would you want your son to be thrown into anactivity which has a considerable element of danger init without there being an experienced old head in charge,one of whose main responsibilities is the anticipation ofdanger? A physician in attendance does not solve thetrouble at all — he takes care of injuries that would neverhave taken place if there had been the proper supervision in the first place. Only an experienced coach knowswhen a boy is fatigued to the point where further participation is dangerous or not. Only an experienced coachknows which situations have in them grave possibilitiesof injury and are to be avoided.Are you coach baiters sure you know what you aretalking about when you say, "Give the game back to theboys?" Football is no sissy game; it is a rough andtumble affair which you enthusiastically claim is a character builder, but do you think it wise, in order to acquire this character, to unnecessarily take chances ofcarrying around physical infirmities all your life, thatcould have been avoided if an experienced coach hadbeen on the job?Do you think young fellows, players and coaches,full of vitality and energy and spurred on by enthusiasmand dare deviltry, are safe to control the participationof. your son in the practice scrimmages, in the gamesand in all other physical phases of football? What, forinstance, about protective equipment, practice and playing fields? Many a fractured skull and a broken legare directly the result of faulty equipment and improperTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 13playing fields, that would have never passed an experienced coach's inspection.Even in the field of so-called character building,hasn't the experienced coach a part to play where hisexperience is valuable and worthwhile? What aboutdiscipline? Do you want your son to be a member ofa squad that has no discipline, where everyone does ashe pleases, and when he pleases ? Do you believe in organization ? One of the great lessons to be learned infootball is the lesson of working in harmony with yourfellow man and for a common purpose. Every enterprise, of every kind, if it has any magnitude at all, iscarried on by organization, under the leadership of certain individuals. To be fair, and unprejudiced, do younot think that experienced coaches have something vitalto contribute in this regard to the training your sonwill receive in his football playing?This is supposed to be an article on Ethics in Football Coaching. There is nothing wrong with the ethicsof football coaches. We are not perfect, but nine-tenthsof whatever is wrong with us is caused by the conditionsunder which we have to work.Proselyting is the current big bone of contention.Objection to proselyting has developed in some places toalmost a mania, a crime of the first magnitude, punishable by the worse penalty that can be invoked. The oddthing though is that the coaches who have made successes as far as winning games is concerned at institutions that have permitted or openly encouraged proselyting are the ones most likely to be sought after by thesame institutions that have hollered the loudest againstproselyting. When these pure institutions want a coachthey are only interested in one who has a reputation forwinning. While this is not true of all schools it is of96 per cent of them and so, as much as the truth hurts —the surest way for a coach to get up in the world is bythe "win" route. Our chances for promotion if we donot win consistently, no matter how capable we are orhow ethical we are in all respects, are mighty precariousto say the least.Wednesdays1 :30-2 :00 PM National Congress of Parents andNBC-WMAQ TeachersAn NBC weekly program in whichUniversity of Chicago speakersare presented occasionally. Thosenow booked are:February 12 , 1936 Subject — "Indoctrination : whatdoes it mean?"Speaker — Charles H. Judd, Professor of Education, University of Chicago.June 10, 1936Subject — "The Emotional Lifeof the Child/'Speaker— Mandel Sherman, Professor of Educational Psychology, University of Chicago. The struggle between the idealistic, and the materialistic or practical points of view has been going on infootball like in other things for a long time and doubtlesswill continue. The death of football was prophesied manyyears ago as inevitable because of the evils of the game,most of which, then as now, were the imaginings ofbiased individuals, but instead football has spread overa wider and wider range and thousands upon thousandsmore boys are playing football now than ever before.We coaches have a great responsibility because ofthis widespread popularity of the game. Regardless ofthe few cranks here and there, who although they havenever played the game seem to regard themselves as theprophets of righteousness, this old bodily contact gamewill keep on thriving in one form or another for generations to come. It is up to us to see that the game iskept human, for the development of those virtues wedeem manly, physical strength, good minds and courageous hearts; that it be kept a recreation and relaxationfor the youth of the day — not an end in itself but a meansto the end of healthful, happy, useful living. It does notstrike me as particularly important if in some quartersthe universities and colleges help the boys along a little(in some quarters this sort of thing is frowned upon asbeing "awful") or whether in some sections the boys areallowed to play even if they have received 74 in an examination that required 75 to pass and in other sections thesame boy would not have been allowed to play becausehe would be ineligible. The great variety of standardsthat exist from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from Canada to the Gulf are an assurance that the whole gamewill keep growing in virility without being strangled byany one group or point of view.Fundamentally all we coaches have to do to be conscience clear and ethical is to remember that the welfareof the boy is the heart of the game ; that those boys whoplay on our teams be taught the right principles of livingand playing, the same principles that every good fathershould teach his son : to live lives of usefulness, serviceand unselfishness.2:45-3:0O'PM Bible StoriesMBS-WGN Presented by Father Joseph Phoenix, C. M., Professor of BiblicalHistory, DePaul University. Organ background by Dean ArthurC. Becker.Thursdays1 :30-l .45 PM The Voice of ScienceWMAQ This program is made up of littleknown and interesting facts ofscience, prepared by John Maloney,of the Rosenwald Museum ofScience and Industry, Chicago,and presented by a young manwith an exceptionally fine voice,who is known only as "The Voiceof Science."{Continued on Page 19)EDUCATIONAL ENTERTAINMENT: Take Your Choice {Continued from Page 8)MAN: A LAND FORMWith A Water Problem• By WELLS D. BURNETTENOT a natural science, not a social science is thisUniversity department presided over by tersescientist-planner Harlan H. Barrows, presentNational Water Resources Committee member. "Geography," says he, "is a socio-natural science which liesbetween the two divisions, but not definitely in either."Several months ago we had in focus for a momentAnthropology which claimed affiliations with three divisions of study as a branch within each of these divisions.Now for a short time let's run in on department Chairman Barrows and his crew in the oldest university geog*raphy department in America.To those who faintly remember geography as a prepcourse which sketched the why and wherefore of Constantinople, the Gulf current, and the extent of sugarcane cultivation in Haiti — and are expecting such a rehash — disappointment looms, for the University's department does not place particular emphasis on theblack-and-white facts of physical geography. Instead,as per the official catalogue, all efforts are bent towarda greater understanding of the relation between man andhis natural environment in order to explain why manuses the land and its resources as he does.Another Edwin Embree "star" department* is this,John A. MorrisonWalgreen and Hearst boosted his classeswith also the Hughes Commission report a few yearsback to say that it is not only the oldest, but the foremostgeography department in America. With such pre-eminence there should be little wonder that the seven ranking faculty members are aware that a definite obligationhas been assumed : to keep the University way out aheadin both the research and teaching ends as well as in the*See the report of Edwin Embree, president of the Rosenwald foundation, on ratings of "star" university departments in America reprinted inthe University of Chicago Magazine, June, 1935. general seeking of and dissemination of vital knowledgeon the subject.In addition to Barrows, the staff includes CharlesC. Colby who recently delivered the Association ofAmerican Geograpers presidential address in St. Louis;outstanding Asiatic authority, Wellington D. Jones;Robert S. Platt, friend and student of the South andCentral American regions ; Edith P. Parker, the lonewoman in the Department who keeps alive the sparkof the Chicago plan with her experiments in the teaching of Geography; Henry M. Leppard, responsible forthe well-being of the University's ichnographical (commonly termed "map") collection and worker in the European field; and John A. Morrison, the man who canboast of an increased registration in his Soviet Uniongeography course since the Druggist and Mr. Hearst —not to mention the State Senate — exchanged glances.A direct outgrowth of the work done in geology byProfessors Chamberlin and Salisbury (the former,president of the University of Wisconsin who came toChicago to set up a Geology department, and the latter,a professor of Geology), the department of Geographyemerged in 1903. Salisbury, first chairman, had beendean of the Ogden Graduate School of Science, then apart of the University, for six years and fortunatelygrasped the new chairmanship with capable fingers. Asit has been ably put, "The Department was named in adignified manner."The first appointment was that of J. Paul Goode,a former University student with a degree from theUniversity of Pennsylvania, who introduced EconomicGeography (fore-runner of the World Pattern ideanow fed up in small doses to social and physical sciencestudents in a general "201" course). Goode felt a futurefor his work and in his letters at the time foretold themodern socio-natural trends of the study. It was atthis time that Barrows, fresh out of school, stepped intothe department.In 1919 Barrows was made chairman of the Department. Impressive as a faculty member of recognized ability, sheltered by extreme modesty, but witha definite pride for his department and co-workers, theUniversity's leading geographer has since been recognized by the Federal government as a man needed toprovide a balance among politicians, engineers, andtrained "planners" in the national conservation work.Consequently, in the late summer of 1933 he was appointed to the Mississippi Valley Committee ^pf the Public Works Administration to study water conservationand drainage in the Mississippi River basin. In June,1934, this committee was changed to the Water Planning Committee of the National Resources Board withBarrows the only university man continuing activework.14THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 15The work has been right down his alley, so to speak,for, as he confides, natural resources and conservationof natural resources has been his life-long interest inthe field of geography. With time spent in Washingtonand in the field throughout the country, Barrows hashad an opportunity to view the problem in the aggre-Henry M. LeppardIchnographical collection his chargegate and to help mediate some rather touchy problemsamong the sovereign states."Why all this worry about water; is it really socritical?" seemed a pertinent question to be asked ofProfessor Barrows at one time. To which the conserva-tionalist soundly reprimanded his fellow conversationalist with, "Critical, man, critical? The most criticalproblem today is not land, it is water. Water is theproblem of the future ! We have sufficient land and resources other than water — but on water rests the problems of human water supply, cultivation, floods, andtrade. Water — why it's too critical a situation to evenconsider discussing on the surface."In a recent radio address over the National Broadcasting Company, the University's Water ResourcesCommitteeman remarked, "Sooner or later we mustadopt for the country at large a slogan of the arid West :'Every drop of water shall render its full service.' . . .It is essential that a given drainage area be treated asa unit with respect to its water problems. . . . Themore urgent problems in the basins of the far westresult from the imperative need for water to be usedin irrigation. . . . The future of the rich alluvialvalley of the Mississippi hinges on the flood problem.. . . Questions of public water supply, of streampollution, and of storage of water for multiple use areof major concern in the basins of the Northwest. . . .Two courses are open with respect to such controversies over interstate streams. On the one hand, asettlement of the questions at issue may be soughtthrough court action, a procedure that may requireseveral years, cost vast sums, and more likely than notprove relatively unsatisfactory to the community atlarge. On the other hand, such water problems maybe solved, and solved best, by voluntary adjustmentthrough the neighborly co-operation of the interested states. . . . The future of the nation will dependin no small degree on the policies and proceduresadopted in the years immediately ahead with respect toits water resources. More and more it will becomeapparent that water is life."Two important conferences within the past yearhave been attended by Barrows. One of these, at whichthe governors of North Dakota and Minnesota presided, dealt with problems of water pollution, watersupply, etc., in the basin of the Red River of the North.As a representative of the National Resources Committee, Professor Barrows attended a meeting of the RioGrande Compact Commission called for the purpose ofnegotiating cooperative investigation towards settlement of serious disputes between Colorado, NewMexico, and Texas. It concerned the waters of theupper Rio Grande system, an agreement which hadbeen considered impossible.Highlights of the work done by the MississippiValley Committee were embodied in a report publishedin 1934 which, in brief, made the following recommendations to Harold Ickes and the National ResourcesBoard: (1) More surveys (topographic), inventories,etc., of conditions fundamental for the use and controlof water resources; (2) Legislation for use and control of water resources; (3) Selective experimentationin regional planning ; (4) Planning of specific projects ;(5) An organization for advisory planning of the useand control of water.Back at the University for a while, Barrows isteaching courses in historical geography of the UnitedStates and conservation of natural resources. Fromhis desk_ in Rosenwald Hall he continues his work —both at "home" and "abroad" in turning the findingsof geography to better the interests of man.Colby is next on the list in point of service, coming in 1916 with an aim to developing economic geography of North America. This he has since continuedto do. Five years later he published a source bookcontaining materials largely drawn from United Statesand Canadian government documents. We are toldthat the University was the first to treat the Americason a three divisional basis for study, South America,North America, and the Carribean or Middle America.Professor Colby started early as a "brain-truster."During the World War he developed an interest inocean trade and transportation. This grew out of thefact that he worked in the division of planning andstatistics of the Shipping Board. Thus he gained considerable background for his now popular courses inocean trade and transportation, as well as in techniqueof planning.In line with his profession, he became secretary ofthe Association of American Geographers. He nowheads the group. In his presidential address at theSt. Louis meeting of the Association in December, hetraced the evolution of geographic thought from theearly days of the country. He showed that the mostpersistent geographic interest has been the utilizationand classification of land, water, and other resources.In the address he pointed out the leading part whichgeography at the University has played in the nationaldevelopment of the science.16 THE UNIVERSITY OFSince November 1934 this keen and eager department member has been consultant in the Land Planningand Housing Division of the Tennessee Valley Authority. In this work he has been associated with thesection dealing with land classification headed by Dr.G. Donald Hudson, who wrote his doctor's dissertation under Colby. This job has been to map criticalareas of the river basin using aerial mosaics (combined air photos) as a basis.As far as University work is concerned at thepresent he is active in the field of urban geography, aphase of geography long neglected by Americangeographers. He is studying the distribution and classification of cities and the relation of cities to the areaswhich they serve.Figuratively, the essence of the Chicago plan isEdith Parker. Since no plan is better than the resultsachieved through it, her interest centers on the evaluation of results. The mobility of education clause whichmost certainly should be President Hutchins' last willand testament has no greater guardian. Edith Parkerlives for experiment. Every student, every class,ceases to be so much flesh intent on a degree ; each becomes an element in the scheme of investigations of howto teach geography satisfactorily. She knows hergeography, as any of her students will attest, and itseems she knows her teaching of it, judging from theinfluence of her methods and suggestions on geographyteaching in many parts of the country, and the fact thatshe is a past president of the National Council ofGeography Teachers."A perfect comprehensive exam question mustconcern something which the student will rememberfive years after taking the course," This statementtypifies the sort of educational program that the fluenteducational progressive has in mind.As a member of the School of Education in 1914,she started out to seek the best methods of putting overCharles A. ColbyAssociation of American Geographers Headessentials to youngsters. When departmental classifications superceded "schools" and Education became adepartment in Social Science, Miss Parker transferredto her home field where she could combine teaching CHICAGO MAGAZINEand subject matter. Now she states her purpose, "Iam interested in experimentation of all kinds that willincrease the effectiveness of and throw the best lighton the teaching of geography."Theses written with her deal primarily with experimental methods of teaching geography. For thethird time she is teaching the introductory divisionalcourse in geography, which, she smilingly says is oneof her favorite experiments. She expects to learn fromsuch investigations more about methods of teaching andtesting which will be useful to students and teachersthroughout the country."I love teaching, always have. I get a thrill out ofit — and like it better than anything in the world," confesses this lady who is preparing a forthcoming bookon technique in teaching geography based on University experiences.In South America, perhaps at this moment flyingover the Amazon River, is associate professor Platt, whostands out as the authority on the geography of thisregion. Little has been heard from him since he leftlast fall except that he is charting and mapping selectedareas of the territory. When not with the great riverhe teaches courses on South and Central America.Already he has charted a large section of the countryand returned with these unique data to Chicago.Having the only Soviet Union geography coursein America and having been twice refused visas toRussia are distinctions that go to the younger of thetwo remaining members of a family of three Morrisonswho once appeared on the faculty rostrum.John Morrison was the geographer attached tothe 1930, 1932 Anatolian expeditions of the OrientalInstitute. Since that time he has been interested inthe land and population distribution of new industriesin the Soviet Union, and, as a side-line, gives a courseon the near East. He also teaches one section of thedepartment's introductory course in the college.From Asia to the reconnaissance of MetropolitanChicago moves the work of Wellington D. Jones, whohas spent considerable time in Asia studying China,Japan, and India, with emphasis on regional investigation. Not only as a geographer has Jones become apersonage to the campus at large, but through his outside student contacts and student "gossip" resulting fromthe interest evidenced in his classes.The geography of Europe and mapping sum upthe work of quiet, unassuming Henry Leppard. At asfrequent intervals as possible he travels to Europe towork in the field, especially in the British Isles. As apart of this overseas work he spends some time chartingsmall agricultural districts in Scotland in order to gainbetter understanding of the man-land relationship inagricultural Scotland.Leppard has also charge of the extensive maplibrary of the University (under the general supervisionof the University libraries). The collection is housedon the first floor of Rosenwald Hall under a specialfiling system, making it available to faculty and students. In the past year and a half 25,000 maps havebeen purchased with a view to obtaining coverage especially of the United States, Canada, the British Isles,France, Germany, and Austria. This group has beenProfessor Morrison Points the Way25,000 more maps purchased in the last year make this department's collection one of the most extensive existant.added to more than 50,000 already obtained. Manyscales of measurement are in evidence, from small scalesfor maps of large areas to very large scales for urbanmaps. Big maps, little maps, etc., etc. — from hamlet tonation to sea fill the cabinets.That the future of students in geography at thepresent time lies in positions with educational institutions is the general consensus of opinion of this faculty.However, since the World War, there has been an increasing demand from state government departmentsfor geographers in agriculture, commerce and census.Strangely enough, a large part of the undergraduates ofthe Department have gone into business. However, thatthere is a new future to look forward to in the way of contributing a share in the work of a greater plannedeconomy, is the opinion held by Professor Colby.With the distinctive function of geography to "describe and explain the relationship between man and hisnatural environment, to explain why men use the landand its resources as they do ... to study the advantagesand disadvantages of unit regions," the task of the University Anthropologist^ "to dig up more 'dirt' aboutchanges when seen through the eyes of the Uni-manversity geographer to "what to do with the 'dirt' that isalready here !'t"Man: From the Inside Out, or Vice Versa"; an account of theUniversity Anthropology Department printed in the University of ChicagoMagazine, December, 1935.ALUMNI MEETINGSJanuary 11 : Indianapolis — LuncheonSecretary Beck and sound pictures in geologyJanuary 1 1 : Munoie — DinnerSecretary Beck and sound pictures in geologyJanuary 15 : West Suburban — TeaProfessor Merle C. Coulter, guest speakerJanuary 17 : Philadelphia — DinnerDr. James M. Stifler, guest speaker.January 19 : Washington — SupperMr. Donald Richberg, guest speakerJanuary 30 : LaPorte County, Michigan City — DinnerDr. Stifler and Secretary Beck, speakersFebruary 3 : Memphis — Evening meetingProfessor Merle C. Coulter, guest speakerFebruary 4 : Little Bock — Luncheon.Professor Merle C. Coulter, guest speakerFebruary 7 : Tulsa — DinnerProfessor Merle C. Coulter, guest speakerFebruary 13 : Indianapolis — DinnerProfessor Harold A. Swenson, guest speaker February 13 : Peoria — Evening meetingSecretary Beck and sound pictures in geologyFebruary 14 : Louisville — Evening meetingProfessor Swenson, guest speakerFebruary 16 : Washington — SupperSenator James Pinckney Pope, guest speakerFebruary 18: Decatur — DinnerProfessor Walter Bartky, guest speakerFebruary 19: West Suburban — DinnerProfessor Anton J. Carlson, guest speakerFebruary 19: Springfield, Illinois — DinnerProfessor Bartky, guest speakerFebruary 19 : Kansas City, Missouri — DinnerProfessor Arthur P. Scott, guest speakerFebruary 20 : Chicago Alumnae — TeaFebruary 26 : Midwinter Dinner at ChicagoPresident Hutchins, speakerFebruary 26 : St. Louis — DinnerProfessors Judd and Gray, Messrs. Holt, Rainey and Stude-baker, speakersIN MY OPINIONBy FRED B. MILLETT, PhD'31, Associate Professor of EnglishTHE problem of defining the relationship betweenAmerican life and American letters is as difficultas it is inevitable. A. certain type of critic, to besure, escapes the problem by burying his head in thesands of aestheticism. This purely or merely aestheticcritic denies the relevance to either the creative or thecritical process of the personal or the social history ofmen of letters ; he also denies the relevance to the criticalprocess of the consideration of those elements designatedby Hippolyte Taine as race, milieu et tempts. The idealof the aesthetic critic is to eliminate from his critical procedure all save aesthetic values ; at the extremest, he occupies the position of Joel E. Spingarn, when he writes,"To say that poetry, as poetry, is moral or immoral, isas meaningless as to say that an equilateral triangle ismoral and an isosceles triangle is immoral." This ethicalknow-nothingism, this concentration on the purelyaesthetic is as faulty a doctrine as that system of economic thought that isolates the 'economic man' from theman of flesh and blood. The truth of the matter is thatwe are none of us at any moment or for any length oftime merely aesthetic or economic men; we live in aninextricable network of facts and values, and it is impossible to dissever aesthetic from ethical or intellectual,emotional or instinctive values without eviscerating literature. It is perhaps legitimate to identify aesthetic withtechnical values and to discuss and evaluate technical excellencies or deficiencies, but to limit criticism to a discussion of technical values is to sever the brain of literature from its vitals.It is equally unsound to interpret the relationshipbetween life and letters in America as narrowly economic. The most lively recent controversy in Americancriticism is the conflict between those who believe andthose who do not believe in the economic interpretationof literature. It is not to be wondered at that in a periodof economic storm and stress, like the post-war years andthe depression, in a period when democracy is challengedby rival politico-economic systems like fascism and communism, the doctrines of the economic determination ofliterature should receive wide adherence among youngmen swayed by the winds of doctrine. The fallacy of theMarxian interpretation of literary criticism is the rootfallacy of classical economic thought, that of hypostasiz-ing the economic man at the expense and to the neglectof the affective and instinctive man. It is not surprisingthat the antipathy between the aesthetic and the Marxiancritic is intense, since their doctrines depend on the samefaulty intellectual process, that of exalting a part abovethe whole, that of regarding exclusively a particular facetof the jewel of art.A sounder procedure than that of the aesthetic orthe economic critic is the attempt of the historical criticto take into consideration all the elements, aesthetic andinaesthetic, relevant to literary judgment. That criticsin general shirk this task or ignore it is little to be wondered at, since it is a far more difficult task than those the aesthetic or the economic critics set themselves. It jsthe noble task of the historical critic to keep in mind atonce all the pertinent elements in life and literature andto fuse those elements into a synthesized judgment thatwill bear inspection from any point of view. The aesthetic or the Marxian critic is like the juggler who iscontent to keep one ball in the air; the historical criticis not content until he has developed sufficient skill tokeep a half-dozen balls in the air at once.The equipment of the historical critic is necessarilymore elaborate than that of the aesthetic or economiccritic. He cannot content himself with a knowledge ofthe intricacies of technique or the patter of dialecticmaterialism. At the very least he must know history andliterature and men. It has been the misfortune of mostAmerican critics that they have known almost nothingbut literature. Most histories of American literature havesuffered because their writers have known little andcared less about the social culture out of which the literature has arisen. Academic literary historians, in themain, have been content to simplify their problem byignoring American history and its relation with our literature. But the growth of a new conception of culture-history, the development of the social sciences, the collection and preservation of materials for the social-cultural history of America have pressed upon the literaryhistorian an obligation that he cannot refuse to accept.Within the last decade, a number of reinterpretationsof American literature have been published, each ofwhich treats at least one new facet of the problem.Frederick L. Pattee, one of the earliest scholars in thefield, conceived the literary-historical problem in termsof nationalism; his pioneer efforts in the re-writing ofAmerican literary history were motivated by the desireto define the American spirit and to study its fluctuatingexpression in the literature itself. But the limitations ofPattee's work are the simplification of the complex playof the forces of nationalism and regionalism, of provincialism and internationalism in American letters and theimperfections of his somewhat casual scholarship. Amore specific conception of the relation between life andletters in America animates the miscellaneous criticalwritings of Ludwig Lewisohn and achieves its fulleststatement in his Expression in America (1932). Thisstimulating and provocative book will perhaps come tobe regarded as the most eloquent plea for a particularvariety of liberalism in literary judgments, a liberalismfed from Continental rather than American sources, andfundamentally hostile to the root element in early American culture, the spirit, pure or perverted, of Puritanism.Lewisohn aims to be a good European, and; if he wereas catholic in his sympathies as he would like to be, hisbook would be a good European's view of Americanletters. As it is, it suffers from his serious failure tocomprehend, much less sympathize with, one of thestrongest strains in our culture, and also from his rathernaive notion as to what constitutes an emancipated18THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19creative life. The first important attempt to define the relationship between American life and letters in economicterms was made by V. F. Calverton; his critical theorywas expressed in The Newer Spirit (1925) ; it was applied in The Liberation of American Literature (1932),the fullest account to date of our literature from theMarxian point of view. Written with greater bitternessfrom the same vantage point, but limited to a brieferperiod, Granville Hicks' The Great Tradition (1933),concludes with a clarion call for the creation of a proletarian literature in America. Its mood is that of thedepression at its depths, when radicalism was making itsstrongest appeal to the academic intelligentsia. It illuminates with considerable brilliance one facet of the relationship between American life and letters.Probably the most generally satisfactory attempt todefine the relationship between American history andliterature is that made in Vernon L. Parrington's MainCurrents of American Thought (1927-30). This seriesof studies is written in terms of a liberalism far moreindigenous than Lewisohn's. Parrington wrote out of animpassioned faith in the liberal-humanitarian doctrinewhich, since the Revolution, has been in his view oneof the major contending forces in American culture. Thethesis of this major work is that "at the beginning of ournational existence two rival philosophies contended forsupremacy in America: the humanitarian philosophy ofthe French enlightenment, based on the conception ofhuman perfectibility and postulating as its objective anequalitarian democracy in which the political state shouldfunction as a servant of the common well-being ; and theEnglish philosophy of laissez-faire, based on the universality of the acquisitive instinct and postulating a socialorder answering to the needs of an abstract economicman in which the state should function in the interestsof trade." Parrington himself would have admitted that this thesis, rigidly applied, is an over-simplification ofour cultural history; his studies indeed were devoted tosupplying a complicated working out of the thesis. Despite the fact that he did not live to carry the great workto completion, it is the most stirring and illuminatingre-interpretation of American culture that our times haveproduced.These valiant attempts to define the relationship between life and literature in America make clear the tremendous complexity and difficulty of the problem. Theperfect literary historian will probably never appear, butat least we can see somewhat more clearly what qualifications lie should have. He must be expert, not only inliterature, but in history. He must have the capacity,not merely to retain and organize large numbers of facts,but also to judge literature in accordance with a highlytrained and exercised taste and to analyze, distinguish,weigh, and synthesize the various values, aesthetic, intellectual, social, and philosophical that a work of artmay possess. That he must also be an expert in historyis perhaps more debatable, but both life and logic support the contention. Literature is in some sense at leastan outgrowth of individual and social life; literary history is as surely a subdivision of history as it was whenSir Francis Bacon, three centuries ago, differentiated itfrom other types of history in The Advancement ofLearning. If we grant then that the literary historianmust be an expert in history, the question at once arisesas to the limits of his expertness in history. The onlydefensible answer is : every kind of history : political, social, economic, intellectual, aesthetic, cultural, biographical. The ideal literary historian will then be an historian whose primary interest is in literature, but whosees it as his duty to utilize any other variety of historythat will in a particular project further and illuminateand vitalize his historical narrative.PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION{Continued from Page 10)visiting lectures. The young men whom, as "apprentices," the associations have for the last two years beentraining for administrative posts, have supplementedtheir training by courses at the University. Students atdie University have used freely the unexcelled collection of current literature on all aspects of publicadministration in the Joint Reference Library maintainedjointly by the associations. Many of the University professors have been most generous in giving time andthought to the problems arising in the work of the associations which their special studies have qualified themparticularly to answer.In these and many other ways the agencies profitfrom the research and scholarship of the University, andthe University's research and teaching are enriched bythe practical work of the organizations. It is this unionof theory and practice which the new building symbolizes, a union which should prove fruitful for the continued improvement of American government at all levels. EDUCATIONAL ENTERTAINMENT:Take Your Choice {Continued from Page 13)7 :45-8 :00 PM The Old JudgeWLS Dramatization of points of law.Saturdays3:00-3:15 PMMBS-WGN3:30-3:45 PMWJJD The Employer and the EmployeeA discussion of the problems oflabor and industry presented byHenry McCarthy, Dean of theSchool of Commerce, DePaul University. One other person, an authority in these fields, joins DeanMcCarthy in each discussion.DePaul University Dramatic GroupShort plays presented by membersof the dramatic classes of the University. Theme song is sung bythe DePaul A Cappella Choir.y o qWere You on the Quadrangles When:IN the winter of 1893-4, the second year of "thiswonderful U. of C," thousands of men who hadcome to Chicago from around the world in connection with the World's Columbian Exposition were leftstranded at its close. One such from Germany enteredBeecher Hall and departed with some jewelry. Emboldened by success and being unacquainted with thefinancial standing of theological students he enteredSouth Divinity (now Goodspeed) and found an unlockeddoor of a suite, then 133. One of the occupants, whowas to deliver an untried sermon to an unknown congregation the next day, was not sleeping soundly and sawa shoulder in the door of his bedroom. With a boldnessborn of inexperience (there were few "gats" then) hejumped toward the intruder and yelled for his footballmate from the other bedroom. In the free-for-all tusslethe unwelcome guest became confused and entered theathlete's room, from which there was no escape.Dignified theologues in undignified attire rushed to therescue armed with weapons ranging from tackhammersto Indian clubs, the nightwatchman followed, and policesoon provided hospitality for the intruder.At court the next day the property losers and thescrap winners became acquainted. The man said he wasan honest workman who had never been in crime butwas forced to steal from hunger, and told a straightstory of his family whom he had left in the Fatherlandto earn money here. One of the students wrote to theparish priest who promptly substantiated the story, andthey induced the judge to givt the lightest sentence. Correspondence with the Joliet warden gave such encourage-ing information on his conduct that correspondence wasbegun with the man and he was invited to call at 133 whenreleased, which was in less than a year. He was helpedto a job in a tailor shop near by, helped to better knowledge of English by several lessons, and when his formerantagonists left the University was living an honorableFrank Cressey married the first young lady to receivean A.B. for this University (June '93). He doesn't • By HOWARD W. MORT, Editor, Tower Topicsstate whether this was a coincidence or a specificationbut the young lady was Miss M. Frances Babcock.Theirs was also the first engagement announced on thequadrangles, according to available information. Mr.and Mrs. Cressey live at Granville, Ohio, home of Deni-son University where Dr. Harper first taught, whereEdgar J. Goodspeed and Ira M. Price received theirfirst scholastic degrees and where Mr. and Mrs. Cresseyfirst met.# * * ¦*Sit down today and write your YOQ (Were You OnThe Quadrangles When) story on the back of a circusposter, a chatauqua tent or post card and send at onceto the YOQ Department of the Magazine. Sign yourname and class year. Someone may be reading thiscolumn each month, (who knows?!) and your story mayremind him of one and finally there will be no end ofgood stories, and it might be the dawn of a new chain-letter era (heaven forbid!). At any rate, before you getbusy at spring house cleaning or those 1936 paving contracts and after you have mailed in your income tax report and want to forget unpleasant experiences write usthe story you have been telling your grandchildren or aresaving to tell them, if and when you have grandchildrento tell, about ". . . when I was a Freshman at the University of Chicago . . ."*K H» *l» »5»A Prince and a King(Gleaned from recent Tower Topics)It was fitting that Hutchinson Commons — a replica ofChrist Church Hall, Oxford — should have been the sceneof a faculty luncheon in honor of the Prince of Wales(now Edward VIII) on the occasion of his visit to theUniversity, October 13, 1924.After the party was received by President Burton atHarper Library, they proceeded on foot to the TowerGroup led by Robert V. Merrill, Marshal of the University and — most appropriately— a holder of an Oxforddegree.The large crowd of students and friends, gathered atHutchinson Court to await the arrival of the Prince,were suddenly surprised to discover the marshal, inacademic gown, and a slight, timid young man dressed ina grey-checked suit, a blue shirt and tie to match, pausingon the top step of the court but followed by no procession. It was a question as to who had been more ^startled,the Prince or the crowd. As the procession overtook thetwo young men, the crowd cheered.After a brief reception in the Reynolds Club, the procession continued down the red-carpeted, palm-borderedaisle into Hutchinson Commons while a string ensemblein the small balcony over the entrance to the dining hallTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21played "God Save the King." The Prince was seatedon the platform to the right of the President in a thronechair facing the guests who were grouped at the historic,long tables.In the slight confusion, as the luncheon ended, PrinceEdward disappeared from under the watchful eyes ofthe Secret Service Men, his own equerry and the three-hundred guests. After a panicky search he was finallydiscovered in the Reynolds Club check room chattingwith Doyle Snyder — one of the student checkers — towhom he had extended a cordial hand and said "Myname is Windsor. What is yours?"These reminiscences reminded Miss Pope and MissSawin (Commons Department) of their part in theHutchinson Commons luncheon program of that day.Hutchinson Commons was closed for all meals the daybefore the luncheon in order to make the elaborate preparations for the event. A special kitchen staff workedall day sorting lima beans, which had to be a consistentcolor and no larger than the little finger nail. Threechefs from the Drake Hotel spent more than a day preparing the canape which had an artichoke base with acombination of lobster, caviar, minced egg, sweet butterand bright red beets with a maroon mayonnaise dressingspelling out the initials "U. of C." A cigar andcigarettes tied in maroon ribbons were placed at eachplate.The main course was chicken-a-la-Windsor and, wesuppose, was prepared by Harold Swift's personal chef.One hundred and twenty-two alligator pears ($49.80)were used in the salad, the only course which the Princesaw fit to eat with any completeness preferring, instead,to smoke cigarettes and visit with his hosts. Old English cheeses served with wafers and demi-tasse made upthe final course. Miss Colburn, who was in charge ofHutchinson Commons but who had been loaned to Yaleto organize their food department, returned for the event.When the Prince's service was returned to the privatedining room after the luncheon it was agreed among thesupervisors that each should have a souvenir of the occasion. Miss Sawin has the napkin which the Princespotted in one place. It is framed under glass in a serving tray — with the spot the central decorative motif, ofcourse. Miss Pope chose the salad fork, since thatseemed to be the most popular course with the Prince.The twenty-eight students who served as bus boys stilltell their wives or friends of the occasion in order to keepthe event fresh in mind to tell their grandchildren later.* * *¦ *A Great LossThe passing of Henry Justin Smith, editor of the Chicago Daily News, announced in the daily papers, isa great loss to the University. Probably no man in thebusiness world today understood better the University,its problems and its aspirations. No alumnus was moreloyal and devoted to the University. Son of a graduateof the old University, Henry Justin Smith, alumnus of'98, after a long and successful career as newsman andauthor returned to his Alma Mater in 1924 at PresidentBurton's request as assistant to the president. The success of the Development Campaign was, in considerable measure, due to his ability to interpret the Universityto the world. Modest and shy, he was a favorite at theQuadrangle Club. None of his friends, visiting in hisformer home at 5533 University, will forget his quiethospitality or the picture of him sitting at the piano playing duets with his wife. Mr. Smith was the author of"Sojourn on the Summit — Ten Thousand Feet Abovethe Loop" — interpretations and recollections of his workat the University in which he expressed a great respectfor the scholarly work being accomplished on the quadrangles. This story ran serially in the University ofChicago Magazine from January, 1929 through March,1930. The University as well as the Midwest has losta gentleman, a litterateur, and a powerful constructiveinfluence in journalism.i|! JjS JjS ij£Linn on LifeJames Weber Linn is receiving congratulatory lettersfrom many friends and literary critics upon the publication of his new novel This Was Life, which made its advent into the current novel world only last week. RalphCannon '20 and Sterling North, e^-}28f both of the Chicago Daily News, wouldn't be surprised to see the novelin talking pictures within the year. You have doubtlessread one or more of the many favorable reviews so wewill confine ourselves to a chuckle over what struck us asbeing one of the clever observations in the book. Mr.Linn allows a tall, black-haired-mustached, prolific note-taking student (P. 20), who shares Jerry's (the hero)first impression of Professor Swinton, to write on a sheetof note paper for Jerry's benefit: "Hello fellow: If theswine ran over the cliff as the Bible seems to say theycould not have all been drowned for here's one that gotaway."* m * *Debunking Lincoln LoreLincoln wrote seven different copies of his Gettysburg Address none of which was written hurriedly onthe back of an envelope as his train sped toward thefamous battleground.Each February we make a pilgrimage to the LincolnRoom in Harper Library which was established by Dr.M. Llewellyn Raney, a recognized authority on Lincoln-iana. We never fail to add something to our knowledgeof this former citizen of Illinois. And we hadn't beenaware that Lincoln made seven separate longhand copiesof this address no two of which were absolutely identical.Lincoln wrote the first draft before leaving Washington. This he revised and rewrote at the town of Gettysburg the morning of the dedication service after he hadadvised with Secretary of State, Seward, concerning itsform and content. The other five copies were made byhim. after the Gettysburg meeting in response to requestswhich he deemed important.Robert Ripley, in his Sunday night broadcast, chose toignore the one missing link in the known genealogy ofLincoln in order to make the unqualified statement thatLincoln was a "cousin once removed" of Robert E. Lee.This is believed, by Lincoln students, to be true although,as yet, it cannot be proved positively.NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLES• By JOHN P. BARDEN, '35ONE hundred and two years ago this month theweather was so cold that wolves came in fromthe prairies and roamed the streets of Chicago,howling mournfully, says Miss Bessie Pierce, AssociateProfessor of American History. And now we've onlythe Republicans howling. Out West, they tell us, thegovernment gives a $15 bounty for wolves . . '.wonder what it is giving for Republicans ? . . .Alumni fraternity men will be interested to learnthat 153 men in the Class of '39 joined 17 fraternities.. . . Deke, Alpha Delt, Psi U, Phi Delt, and Phi Psitook 76 men ... the other 12 houses took 77 . . .natural selection is doing much more to reduce the number of fraternities than any artificial and arbitrary rulesand policies.President Robert M. Hutchins answered a numbe#of badly written questions about civil liberties posed bythe participants of the Fifth Annual Minister's Weekat the Chicago Theological Seminary ... he advisesloyalty oaths for parents, newsmen, newspaper publishers, and Amos 'n' Andy, if there must be one forteachers. "If you compare my influence over the young,with that of Amos 'n' Andy," said President Hutchins,"you will readily perceive which of us ought to take theloyalty oath first."$1,000,000 for Research, Coordination, Cooperation"There is far better provision for cooperation between the United States and China than there is between any two adjacent states of the Union."Behind this statement, dramatizing the "markedisolation" existing among state and local governments,lies one important reason for the grant of $1,000,000to the University by the Spelman Fund of New York,which was announced recently.The fund is designated for the erection and maintenance of a building to house the national headquartersof seventeen associations of public officials and otherprofessional groups which are working on practical,everyday problems of administering the public business,as distinct from governmental problems of policies andpolitics.These organizations, among them the national associations of municipal engineers, public works officials,city managers, state leagues of municipalities, publicwelfare officers, civil service officials, state legislators ,assessors and municipal finance officers, have movedtheir national headquarters to Chicago, adjacent to theUniversity, at various times within the last five years.The new building to house them will be erected onUniversity fl^operty, on the south front of the Midway,at the southeast corner of Kenwood Ave. and 60th St.Primary aims of the associations are "breakingdown of the isolation which has existed between localgovernment agencies in various sections of the coun try; improvement of administration through interchange of information and of the results of experience; fostering of cooperation between governments atall levels, local, state and federal; and advancing amongpublic officials technical skill and administrative competence."Currently and in the past the Public Administration Clearing House and its allied organizations havedemonstrated their usefulness in the pooling and exchange of information among government agenciesthroughout the country," President Hutchins said."The University has profited greatly by the presenceof these organizations on its campus. We are verymuch pleased that the organizations are now to have apermanent home there. The enterprise now ceases tobe an experiment; it becomes an established feature ofAmerican government. The University is delighted atthe chance to cooperate." ,Public Administration Clearing House, centralagency of the group of associations, is headed by LouisBrownlow, former Commissioner of the District ofColumbia and former City Manager of Knoxville, Tenn.Its board of trustees is composed of former-governorFrank O. Lowden of Illinois, chairman; Senator HarryF. Byrd of Virginia, vice-chairman; Ralph Budd, president of the C. B. & Q. Railroad; Richard S. Childs ofNew York, former president of the National MunicipalLeague ; former-governor William T. Gardiner ofMaine; Mr. Brownlow and President Hutchins.Although the organizations remain distinct fromeach other and from the University, advantage is gainedby having them under a single roof and close to theUniversity, President Hutchins pointed out. "The organizations profit from the research and scholarship ofthe University. The University's research and teaching in government profits from the practical work ofthe associations and their memberships." A number ofassociation directors now hold lectureships on the University's faculty.Student Hangs Record on Good Old New PlanThe University's "New Plan" of education, wherebya student may progress as rapidly as he is able, is beingstretched to its ultimate possibilities by Donald Mac-Murray of New York City, 21 years old, now residingat 5514 Blackstone Ave., who will complete four yearsof undergraduate work in one year when and if hepasses his final examination in psychology next May.Arriving at the University last fall, MacMlirraytook and passed four examinations, each covering ayear's work and passed three more in December. Onthese examinations he has received four A's, two B's,and a D. Only two examinations remain as barriersbetween him and a bachelor's degree. He will take22THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23them in March and May respectively. Residence requirements are expected to be waived by the University.Conceding the great value of a four-year university experience, MacMurray nevertheless declared, "If aperson is going to spend all his life studying, then whatpossible difference does it make when he gets his degree?"He plans to take his master's degree, normally ayear's work, next August at the end of the summerquarter, then attend Columbia University to get a doctor's degree."I intend to go into the teaching of psychology andto continue study and research in that field," he said.MacMurray admitted that one of his aims whenhe entered the University was to hang up a new recordfor the "New Plan."His performance at the University of Chicago issubstantiated by his record at other schools. In 1925 hegraduated from elementary school at the age of 10. In1930 he was a graduate of the DeWitt Clinton highschool in New York at the age of 15; he might havemade it two years earlier had it not been for transfersand failure to include physical training in his course.From 1930 to 1934 he spent his time playing chessand duplicate bridge, achieving a national standing ofseventh in chess tournaments.These activities are MacMurray 's only outside interests at the University, where he rarely attends classes,preferring to study in streaks, 13-14 hours a day forseveral days, followed by a "vacation" of several days.Townsend Plan Just Economic Patent Medicineto ExpertsAfter "serious and careful analysis" of the. Town-send Plan, twenty-one experts at the University havecondemned the plan on every score. Their findings willbe published in a jointly- signed 30-page pamphlet bythe University of Chicago Press under the title, "TheEconomic Meaning of the 'Townsend Plan'."After pointing out by detailed statistics that themoney to finance the plan, even under the revised Mc-Groarty bill, cannot possibly be raised, and that administrative problems raised by the plan are insoluble,the signers declare that the plan's effect would be thereverse of "putting money into circulation," that itwould curtail business, depress wages, raise living costs,deepen the depression, and probably ruin the monetarystandard. Its tax provisions are inequitable, and it isunsound as a system of old-age pensions or social security.Signers of the pamphlet are experts on economics,taxation, public welfare and public administration. Theyare : Professors Harry A. Millis, Jacob Viner, FrankH. Knight, Chester W. Wright, Henry Schultz, SimeonE. Leland, Melchior Palyi, Henry C. Simons, Lloyd W.Mints, Harry D. Gideonse, A. Eugene Staley, and Albert G. Hart of the University's economics departments; Professors Garfield V. Cox, John H. Coverand Theodore Yntema of the School of Business ; Pro fessors Marshall Dimock and Clarence Heer, of thepolitical science department; Professor William F.Ogburn of the sociology department; Fred K. Koehler,director of the American Public Welfare Association;Carl H. Chatters, executive director of the NationalAssociation of Tax Assessing Officers; and Joseph P.Harris, co-director of the public administration committee of the Social Science Research Council.Among other statements in the pamphlet are thefollowing :"Pensions of over $200 a month for all qualifiedpersons over 60 could not possibly be financed except bythrowing over all hope of preserving a sound monetarysystem and indulging in currency or credit inflation to thetune of $15,000,000,000 or more per annum. Such inflation, incidentally, would soon cut down the purchasingpower of a $200 pension very substantially.""If all the debits to individual accounts in banksduring 1935 had been taxed 2 per cent, there would havebeen just enough, neglecting administration expenses andother taxes, to pay $100 a month to eight million persons.But the number of these debits is much greater than thenumber of taxable transactions because payments forgovernment securities, remittances between head andbranch offices of firms, and expenditures on salaries andinterest of all governmental bodies are included in thedebit figures.""Instead of putting money into circulation, the Town-send Plan as of April, 1935, would force the Treasuryto withdraw money from circulation, or bank deposits,and hold it idle for the first months. In addition to this,private firms would have to set aside cash reserves tomeet the tax. Thus for the first months money wouldbe withdrawn from circulation and when payments weremade to the pensioners, this same money would be putback into circulation."Business men would raise selling prices, reducewages, and hoard money to pay the tax, making the effectof the tax one that would cast us back into deep depression."The pamphlet is No. 20 in the Public Policy Seriesissued by the University Press under the editorship ofProfessor Harry D. Gideonse.Xerxes a Doughty Warrior Until He Met theGreeks, Orientalists FindSeven stone tablets, on which the great Persianemperor, Xerxes, records for posterity the state of hisempire some 2,420 years ago, have been discovered inIran (Persia) by excavators for the Oriental Instituteof the University.The tablets were found stored in a room of Xerxes'army garrison east of the Great Palace Terrace at Perse-polis, the "Versailles" of ancient Persia, now being unearthed and restored by the Oriental Institute.Three of the tablets bear inscriptions new to historians, listing for the first time the provinces Xerxesruled, and more important, relating Xerxes' success inputting down enemies of the religion of Zoroaster after24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEan uprising, hitherto unknown, which occurred in theearly days of Xerxes' reign.Announcement of the find is made by Dr. John A.Wilson, newly appointed acting director of the OrientalInstitute and successor of the late Dr. James H. Breasted.Dr. Erich F. Schmidt, field director of the Iranian Expedition, reported the discovery during a visit to Chicagoin January.Written in cuneiform characters in the Elamite, Babylonian and Old Persian languages, the tablets apparentlywere made for use as "cornerstone" foundation deposits.$9% ***John A. WilsonSuccessor to Breasted announces findAs translated by Professor Ernst Herzfeld the three"new" tablets read as follows:i. A great god is Ahuramazda who created theearth here, who created the heaven yonder, whocreated mankind, who created peace for men, whomade Xerxes king, one king of a multitude, onelaw-giver of a multitude.2. I, Xerxes, the great king, the king of kings,the king of the lands of many tribes, the king on thiswide, far stretching earth, the son of Darius theking, the Achaemenid, a Persian son of a Persian, anAryan of Aryan lineage.j. Sayeth Xerxes the king: By the will ofAhuramazda, these are the lands beside Pars overwhich I was king; I ruled them; they brought metribute; what was ordered them by me they did; mylaw held them; Media, Elam, Arachosia, Zranga,Parthia, Areia, Bactria, Sogdia, Chorasmia, Babylonia, Assyria, the Sattagydes, Sardis, Egypt, theIonians that dwell in the Sea and those that dwellbeyond the Sea, Gedrosia, Syria, Gandara, the Indus-land, Cappadocia, the Dahae, the Amyrgian Sacae,the Orthokorybanthian Sacae, the Macedonians, theAkaufaciya, the Punt, the Carians, the Kush.4. Sayeth Xerxes the king: When I becameking, there were among those lands, which are written above," some who rebelled; then, Ahuramazda helped me; by Ahuramazada' s will, such a land Idefeated, and to their place I restored them; andamong those lands were such where, before, theDaivas were worshipped; then, by Ahuramazda 'swill, of such temples of the Daivas I sapped thefoundations, and I ordained "the Daivas shall not beworshipped!" Where the Daivas had been worshipped, there I worshipped Ahuramazda togetherwith 'Rtam the exalted. — And there were other thingswhich were done wrongfully, such I righted. Thiswhat I did, I did it all by the will of Ahuramazda.Ahuramazda helped me, until I had performed thework. — Thou who art of an after age, if thou thinkest,"I wish to be happy in life, and in death I wish tobelong to 'Rtam," abide in those laws which Ahuramazda has established and worship Ahuramazdatogether with 'Rtam the exalted! The man thatabides in the laws which Ahuramazda has established and zvorships Ahuramazda together with'Rtam the exalted, that one will be happy in life andwill, in death, belong to 'Rtam.5. Sayeth Xerxes the king: Ahuramazda shallguard me from the Evil and my house and this land !It is for this that I implore Ahuramazda, it is thisthat Ahuramazda sliall grant me!Xerxes' empire, the greatest the world had seen upto that time, extended northeast to the region northeastof modern Afghanistan, southwest through ancient Kushto the borders of modern Ethiopia, southeast to the Indusriver in northwestern India, and northwest through mostof Asia Minor. In the new inscriptions Xerxes claims,on the west, "the Ionians that dwell in the Sea and thosethat dwell beyond the Sea." This indicates that thetablets were inscribed during the five years betweenXerxes' accession in 485 B. C. and the battle of Salamis,480 B. C, when the Persian attack on Greece ended indismal failure.Chief significance of the new texts is in religioushistory, according to Dr. Wilson. They record thatXerxes began his reign by defending Ahuramazda, the"Wise Lord," and Arta ('Rtam) the "Divine WorldOrder" against a revolt stirred up by the worshippersof other gods, the Daivas, and that he "sapped the foundations" of the temples of the Daivas. Ahuramazda, theLord, and Arta, the world-principle, were central elements of the monotheistic faith of Zoroaster.Although many scholars have maintained that Zoroaster lived about 900 B. C, tradition has it that he livedin the time of Xerxes' grandfather, according to Dr.Wilson. The new tablets tend to confirm tradition."We may infer from the new texts that Xerxes'father, Darius the Great, heard the teachings of Zoroasterin the house of his father, Vistaspa, and instituted theworship of Ahuramazda and Arta throughout his empire.The dispossessed priests and worshippers of the old gods,the Daivas, had no opportunity to restore their religionin Darius' reign, but seized the occasion of his death tolead a religious rebellion. This revolt Xerxes put down."Dr. Wilson revealed that the Institute's diggerspreviously had discovered solid gold and silver plaques,foundation deposits actually in place at two cornersof the magnificent audience hall of the palace at Perse-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 25polis. These were laid clown, probably in the presence0f Darius, in 515-16 B. C. The palace, most splendidof the imperial residences of ancient Persia, was startedby Darius and finished forty years later by Xerxes.The two deposits, each containing one gold andone silver plaque, all with identical inscriptions, werefound in beautifully cut limestone boxes, the metal shining as the day it was incised. Beneath each depositwere six gold and silver coins, apparently of Greekorigin. The plaques and coins have been turned over tothe Shah of Persia, Riza Khan Pehlevi. The plaque inscriptions are as follows:Darius the Great King, the King of Kings, theKing of the Lands, Vistas pa's son, the Achaemenid,speaks Darius the King: This is the empire whichI possess, from the Sacae who are beyond Sogdia,as far as the Kush, from Indus as far as the Sparda,which Ahuramazda has granted to me, who is thegreatest of gods, may Ahuramazda protect myselfand my house!In 1932 the Persepolis expedition uncovered aspectacular double-stairway leading to the audience hall,with 300 feet of relief sculptures, in which emissariesof 23 nations are depicted bearing gifts and tribute.In 1934 a hoard of 29,000 cuneiform clay tablets, presumably army accounts, was discovered. The Iraniangovernment has loaned this archive material to the Institute for study and translation, and the tablets are nowon their way to America.Buying Books by the TonFifteen tons of data on state, county and local governments of the United States have been added to theUniversity's collection of research documents as the result of one of the most extensive collecting tours everundertaken by any American library.James G. Hodgson of the University's library staffhas just returned from a 17-month, 35,000-mile collecting expedition in which he visited more than 300 localities in the 48 states and in 6 Canadian provinces.Journals of state legislatures, proceedings of stateInscriptionists must climbhigh in their work. Dr.Wilson, new director ofthe Oriental Institute,may be seen at the extreme left in action ona recent expedition toEgypt. constitutional conventions, proceedings of city councilsand county boards, annual reports of state executivedepartments, of police departments, park systems andschool systems, are among the items collected.Partly as the result of Mr. Hodgson's efforts theUniversity will possess complete, unbroken records ofthe session laws of the legislatures of all 48 states. Inthe case of Massachusetts these go back to 1661. WhenMr. Hodgson set out the University needed recordsof 1,200 sessions. Through his tour and through correspondence 600 were secured. The remaining 600 arebeing copied by photostat.The University libraries now possess one of theoutstanding collections of official publications. Currentas well as historical publications were obtained, and inmany cases the University has been given a subscription to serial publications. In one New England community, for example, Mr. Hodgson secured all official publications back to 1640. Most of the materialwas obtained without charge to the University.Newspapers Write Modern History, SayResearchersUnder pressure from research workers who assertthat newspapers are one of the most important singlesources of historical and social research, the Universitylibraries have recently bought up back files of the LondonChroncile from 1758 to 1823, The Boston Transcriptfrom 1830 to 1935, The London Times from 1829 to1936, and 20 other collections of newspapers throughoutthe world, many extending back to the 18th Century.Armed with films and preservatives, University libraryofficials now seek to make these research materials permanent assets.Another feature of the new program, which is looking to the future as well as the past, is subscription to56 of the most representative metropolitan newspapersin the world, both domestic and foreign.Special efforts have been made to get a completerepresentation of every major region of the world, usingoften more than one newspaper to achieve perfect continuity. The University now has complete newspaperrecords for London between 1758 to 1936, for NewEngland between 1784 and 1936, for Germany (Frankfurter Zeitung) from 1870 to 1936, and thus for manyother regions of the world.Further subscriptions are contemplated for papersfrom South America, Canada, Cuba, Denmark, Norway,the Netherlands, England, Germany, and France, as wellas ten more United States newspapers. Back files mustbe bought up in Canada, Mexico, South America, Australia, Hawaiian Islands, and many Asiatic and Europeancountries. Care is being taken not to duplicate files orsubscriptions of any other Chicago library or university.Preservation of newspaper files has presented a difficult problem. Filming is the latest and best device forpreserving newsprint. Use of a paste containing preservative to attach newsprint to a durable paper is avery laborious and space-wasting method. Some publishers are now printing rag paper editions for filing purposes which has been very useful, though they consume26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEtoo much space. On the whole, filming has been the mostsuccessful method, according to library authorities. Several publishers have already begun filming each issue oftheir newspapers for library use.Letters Show Lafayette Tried to Save NapoleonIf General John J. Pershing really said, "Lafayette,we are here!" then the University can now say, "Hereis Lafayette ¦!"Swelling what is already the largest collection ofmaterial in any American university on the Marquis deLafayette, French statesman who placed himself and hiswealth at the disposal of the American revolutionists of1776, the University libraries announced recently theacquisition of eighteen letters written in English inLafayette's own hand to William Harris Crawford, earlyAmerican statesman.The letters show that Lafayette tried to make itpossible for Napoleon to gain refuge in the United Statesafter Waterloo, a hitherto unsuspected historical fact.Napoleon, however, preferred to surrender to the British.Dr. Louis R. Gottschalk, professor of History, whohas just published Lafayette Comes to America, reportsfrom a reading of the letters, "In one of the communications, Lafayette claims to have tried to aid Napoleon toescape to the United States, saying, 'His former chamberlain and ladies of the palace charge me with Bonapartismfor not Having Consented to give him up to Be Shot bythe allies/ Joseph Bonaparte's course Lafayette considered wiser, writing: 'His sentiments and Conduct withRespect to the U. S. Have at all times Been very popular.He has in this late instance shown more Sense than HisBrother who from the day of His abdication to that ofHis surrendering to the British Ship had his choice togo over to America and to Columbia hospitality.' "Joseph Bonaparte did come to America with Lafayette's aid.Concerning the whole scope of the letters, Dr. Gottschalk who regards them as invaluable historical documents, says, "They refer to the Treaty of Ghent whichclosed the War of 1812, to Waterloo and the fall ofNapoleon, to the restoration of the Bourbon Kings ofFrance, to the Congresses of Vienna and Aix-la-Chapelle,to the Holy Alliance, to France's unpopular war withSpain in 1823, to the land in Louisiana which Congressgranted to. Lafayette, to the romantic, but abortive conspiracy of the Four Sergeants of La Rochelle, to theGreek War of Independence, and other important historical events of the period.""While it appears that Lafayette distrusted Napoleon," said Dr. Gottschalk, "he considered him preferableto the legitimate kings of France. As Lafayette wrotehimself, 'We all become imperialists to preserve ourchance as citizens.' "These letters will be added to the University's present Lafayette collection which includes letters written byMadame Lafayette, by Anastasie and George WashingtonLafayette, his daughter and son, and by Prefect Masclet,his intimate friend. Correspondence between Lafayetteto his close friends, Frances Wright, liberal Englishwoman, and Mme. Malibran, celebrated actress and singer, confirms the assertions of both ladies that hisrelationship to them was no more than platonic.University Opera Wins Public RecognitionIphigenia in Tauris, famous opera by Von Gluck,was presented for the first time in the United StatesFriday, February 7, in Mandel Hall by the UniversityOpera Association. There was a second performanceSaturday night.Cecil Michener Smith directed the University orchestra as forty members of the company — cast and chorus— rendered the classical themes of Iphigenia, an operalong popular in Germany, but never tried in the UnitedStates by commercial companies.The cast was directed by Charles Polachek of theGoodman Theater School of Music and dancers byMarian Van Tuyl, instructor of dancing and ballet. Settings were by Stirling Dickinson, wood-cut illustrator ofHeath Bowman's recent book, Mexican Odyssey. JohnPratt and Inez Cunningham Stark (Mrs. Harold Stark),young Chicago artists, designed costumes.The role of Iphigenia, marooned for 15 years on theisland of Tauris in the service of Diana, was taken byMary Ann Kaufman, Chicago dramatic soprano. RobertLong, tenor, took the part of Pylades and Paul Pence,baritone, played Orestes ; both are members of the Chicago City Opera and both are pupils of Mary Garden.Role of Thoas, Iphigenia's chief tormenter, was sung byEarle Wilkie, cantor of the University Chapel Choir ; andPaul Hume, a student in the Music department, was theScythian. All who are participating in the opera are, orhave been, affiliated with the University in one way oranother. All details of production, music, and designingwere carried out by students.The artistic success of Dido and Aeneas and the box-office success of Xerxes lent encouragement to the promoters and producers of Iphigenia this year. In linewith past policy, Iphigenia represented a great and well-known operatic classic, unknown to the musical public ofChicago because other organizations do not care to riskbox office receipts which Aida and Carmen, for example,are sure to bring.Said Edward Barry, Chicago Tribune dramaticcritic :"The University of Chicago deserves public recognition of the unique service it is giving the city in thusexhuming these carefully selected masterpieces frommusic's past. The determination of this city to keep itselfin the main stream of world music was demonstratedlast night when the University of Chicago Opera Association gave Gluck's revolutionary Iphigenia in Tauris itsfirst American performance. New York, it is true,claimed to have rushed the work to a cis-Atlantic premiere even faster than we did, but the eastern metropolishas it confused, possibly, with Iphigenia in Aulis."The date of the opera's composition might seem tocast a little doubt on the alertness of both towns. Youmust remember, though, that we were busy fighting theredcoats when Iphigenia's melodies were first heard inParis, and that one thing led to another until 157 yearswere frittered away. Here it is, at last, nicely mountedin Mandel hall."THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27Peminine Record Holder Lectures for UniversitySettlementFrau Gunter Dyhrenfurth, holder of the world'saltitude mountain climbing record for women, told twolarge South Side audiences of her experiences as campcommander of the second International Himalayan Expedition in recent lectures at International House. FrauDyhrenfurth is a native of Zurich, Switzerland, broughthere by the Carl Schurz Foundation. All proceeds ofthe lecture went to the University of Chicago Settlement.Her story included the particulars of settling cooliestrikes, dodging avalanches, and crossing a 20,000 footpass with only a seventeen year old porter for companyand protection. The talk was illustrated by a film entitled"Demon -of the Himalayas."Famed Actress Interprets ShakespeareEdith Wynne Matthison, famed English-born actress, now living in Millbrook, N. Y., gave a Shakespearean recital for University students and faculty recentlyunder the auspices of the William Vaughn Moody LectureFoundation. Miss Matthison, who in private life is Mrs.Charles Rann Kennedy, read selections from The Merchant of Venice (Portia and Nerissa) ; Romeo and luliet(Balcony Scene) ; Henry VIII (Queen Katherine's Defence) ; Hamlet (Hamlet and Ophelia) ; and As YouLike It (Rosalind, Celia, and Orlando).13 for '40Thirteen early applicants have already been tentatively accepted for admission to next autumn's freshmanclass at the University of Chicago, according to R. W.Bixler, admissions officer. Within the coming ninemonths 1,500 freshman applications are anticipated.Stuart MacClintock of Bloomington, Ind., one ofthose already accepted, will be the sixth of his familyto enter the University: His father, Professor LandonMacClintock of Indiana University, his mother, an uncleand two aunts are alumni. His grandfather, W. D. MacClintock, was professor of English at the Midway formany years.Others accepted thus far are Victor E. Lacey, Canton, 111. ; Dorothy Jenny Voight, Chicago ; Frances Lorraine Floyd, Chicago ; Pauline Goldberg, Chicago ; PhyllisE. Brunton, Warren, Ohio; Milton J. Matousek, Chicago ; Ruth Virginia Dixon, Yorkville, 111 ; Elizabeth Epstein, New York City; Harry Moskow, Chicago; BellaChapman, Chicago; Morris Koplowitz, Chicago; andLeon D. Cook, Chicago.AppointmentsThe University will add Chinese to the vast number of languages already taught at the Midway upon theappointment of Dr. Herrlee G. Creel as instructor inChinese History and Language. Only thirty-one yearsold. Dr. Creel is an outstanding scholar in the ancienthistory and, the language of China. He was a studentat the University of Chicago from 1925 to 1929, taking in that period his bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees. Dr. Creel will teach two classes beginning nextquarter, "Elementary Chinese," the first of a three-quarter sequence in the subject, and "History of China:1400 B. C. to 256 B. C."Another course currently taught at the Universityis "Elementary Ethiopic" under Arnold Walther, Assistant Professor of Hittite. This course is not a recent development at the University, but has been givenfor several years. Some of the other languages offeredare: Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, Syriac, Akkadian,Turkish, Aramaic, Hittite, Egyptian, Coptic, EgyptianHeiroglyphic, Egyptian Demotic, Icelandic, Lithuanianand Church Slavic, Swedish, Hebrew, Gothic, Sumerian,in addition to the usual Greek, Latin, French, Spanish,Italian, German, Russian and many American Indianlanguages.Two German citizens, Dr. Ludwig Bachhofer ofthe University of Munich and Dr. Ulrich Middeldorfof the Institute of Art Research in Florence, Italy, havejoined the University faculty as assistant professors ofArt. Renowned critic and writer on Far Eastern Art,Dr. Bachhofer was appointed some months ago, but wasunable to obtain a release from the University of Munichuntil after the autumn examinations. Dr. Middeldorffor the last ten years has been curator at the FlorentineInstitute and is well known to American students whohave studied there. He will lecture at the Universitylargely on Italian sculpture.Christianity vs. DisasterCollapse of Western European and American culture unless Christianity formulates a plan of reconstruction^ is predicted by Edwin E. Aubrey, professor ofChristian Theology at the University in a book published last month, entitled "Present Theological Tendencies." The volume has been chosen religious bookof the month by the Religious Book Club Board : CharlesClayton Morrison, Harry Emerson Fosdick, S. ParkesCadman, Howard Chandler Robbins, and Mary Wooley.Dr. Aubrey challenges modern Christianity to facethe problem of reconstruction, to supply a sense of direction, to stimulate devotion to true values, and to bolstermorale.Dr. Aubrey sees the same struggle between collectivism and individualism raging in the Christian religionthat is found in present political systems of Europe, especially in Russia, Germany, and Italy."The forces of individualism in religion," he says,"appear to be capitulating to the forces of collectivism,though which will win is yet doubtful."We are more aware than formerly of the fact thatreligious belief is devoted belief, not mere assent, buta commitment to the object of belief. Yet this commitment is threatened from two opposite sources: fromthe sense of complexity which paralyzes decision andfrom the dogmatic authoritarianism that insists uponassent without being sure of individual understanding."The Christian message is significant for us today,"maintains Dr. Aubrey, "because it has always been asimplification of life. Complexity drives us to despair.We must accept simplicities."ATHLETICSScores of the MonthBasketballChicago, 29; Loyola, 22Chicago, 33; Michigan, 51Chicago, 45; Marquette, 40Chicago, 27 ; Northwestern, 42Chicago, 22; Michigan, 45Chicago, 16; Purdue, 59Chicago, 24 ; Indiana, 42TrackChicago, 41 ; Notre Dame. 63SwimmingChicago, 66; Purdue, 14Chicago, 37 ; Northwestern, 47Chicago, 33; Iowa, 51Water PoloChicago, 14; Purdue, 1Chicago, 6; Northwestern, 5Chicago, 9; Iowa, 1FencingChicago, 12 ; Michigan State, 5Chicago, 131/*; Purdue, 3y2WrestlingChicago, 31 ; Armour, 5Chicago, 21; Wheaton, 13Chicago, 10; Minnesota, 22Chicago, 24y2 ; Wisconsin, 7l/2HockeyChicago, 2; Highland Park, 6Chicago, 0; Lake Forest, 4Chicago, 6; Roseland Ramblers, 5Chicago, 7; Roseland Ramblers, 6An athletic month otherwise not too prosperous wasmade resounding by the performance of a young Maroonnamed Raymond Ellinwood. A sophomore, running hisfirst intercollegiate race in the meet with Notre Damewhich opened the indoor track season, Ellinwoodsprinted 440 yards in 49 seconds even, the fastest racethat has been recorded for that distance in indoor dirt-floor competition.This feat— not unexpected since Ellinwood had doneit several times in practice — was hailed as a world record. Fastest previous quarter-mile indoors, :49.3, wasrun by Alex Wilson of Notre Dame in 1932. The BigTen indoor record of :49.4 was set in 1934 by IvanFuqua of Indiana. Both Wilson and Fuqua were inthe Olympics in 1932, and it is not unlikely that Ellinwood will win a place on the American team that goesto Berlin this summer. For he is no flash-in-the-pan ;he is in the best tradition of such great Maroon middle-distance performers as Binga Dismond, Ira Davenport and Dale Letts."World-record" may be too imposing a descriptionof his race. There is no "official" world-record for thedistance and the conditions. The distance is not con- •By JOHN P. HOWE, "27ventional in Europe, most eastern seaboard tracks areten or twelve laps to the mile, most west coast andsouthern athletes work out-of-doors and the Chicagotrack, clay-surfaced and eight laps to the mile, is one ofthe fastest in the midwest. Nevertheless Ellinwood'sRay Ellinwood:49 in the 440, a world recordrace was remarkable. From one viewpoint it is unfortunate that he smashed the record in his first collegiateeffort ; he will have something exceptional to live up tofor the next several years.Well set up but no "picture" athlete, 19-year-oldEllinwood has an enormous vitality which enables him toset a burning pace and finish nearly as fresh as whenhe started. He has a good sprint at the start and finish,a running style that is not particularly distinctive, atalent for getting the most out of himself. In the NotreDame race he finished 12 yards ahead of the secondplace man, George Halcrow, another Chicago sophomore of promise ; three watches caught him at 49 flat,one at :49.1.More dramatic than the record quarter-mile wasEllinwood's performance as anchor man on the Maroonmile relay team in the same Notre Dame meet. Thesecond Chicago runner dropped the baton, lost 15 yards,but went on. Ellinwood took the baton 13 yards behindBob Bernard, Notre Dame's anchor (who has run :48.6outdoors), overhauled Bernard within 100 yards andfinished in front for an individual time, by one watch,of :48.9.An exceptional student, Ellinwood graduated fromthe Western Military Academy and enrolled at Purduein the autumn of 1933. In his first semester at Purdue28THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 29he won five A's and two B's. Early in the secondsemester he read the syllabi of Chicago's new-plancourses, dropped out of Purdue and the following autumnenrolled at the Midway. He has run the half-mile in1 :55.1, which is faster than the winning time in theBig Ten indoor meet last year, but prefers the quarter-mile because there is greater competition in the closerbunching of the contenders.And while we are discussing outstanding individuals — and Olympic possibilities — there is Capt. BillHaarlow of the basketball team, one of the greatestscorers in Maroon history. As this is written the Maroons have dropped eight consecutive Big Ten gamesand have four more to play. Bill has scored 98 pointsand leads the conference in individual scoring, althoughBob Kessler of the undefeated Purdue team, which hasplayed seven games, has a scoring average a fraction ofa point better. Last year Haarlow led the league with156 points, topping Kessler by six. This year, sinceBill Lang was injured at midseason, Haarlow has beenthe only Maroon whom opponents have had to watchcarefully, and, as the target of some very fine guarding,has had to shoot from crazy and difficult angles.Basketball will be an Olympic event for the firsttime this year. The American squad will be chosenthrough team competition, in which Chicago has nochance. There is, however, an outside possibility thatif Haarlow finishes ahead of the Conference in scoringhe may be chosen for the squad. And this is a nip-and-tuck matter, Haarlow versus Kessler, Kessler being aremarkable shooter whose team controls the ball morethan does Chicago, Haarlow being a versatile, ambidextrous shooter who drives in for close shots and puts themin from any posture. In three seasons of Big Ten playHaarlow has scored 363 points thus far for the Maroons.He has almost no chance of breaking the Conferencerecord of 167 points for one season, set by Joe Rieff ofNorthwestern. In seven non-conference games thisseason Bill has scored 105 points.The swimming team also has an Olympic prospectin Captain Charles Wilson, a rangy lad who specializesin the longer free style races but does well also by thebackstroke and breaststroke. In the Chicago-Iowa dualmeet Wilson swam the 220 yards distance in 2:16.9, oneand a half seconds faster than the Big Ten record, anddid the 440 yards in 5 :03, a second and a half slowerthan the Conference mark. In practice he has clipped\y2 seconds off the best national collegiate time for the300-yard individual medley relay — 100 yards backstroke,100 yards breaststroke, 100 yards free style — in a60-ft. pool, and has covered 100 yards, in relay competition, in :52.7. Just what his best Olympic event mightbe is a question, the competition being what it is. Another Midway Wilson, Campbell Wilson of the fencingteam, specialist in the foils and epee, has been chosena member of a group which will form a nucleus for theOlympic trials.Jay Berwanger continues gradually to improve hismarks in his training for the Olympic decathlon event,but still has a long way to go. His best performancesin the ten events at present are about as follows : Javelin— 190 ft. ; Shot Put— 48 ft. ; Discus Throw— 137 ft. ;High Jump — 5 ft. 10 inches; Broad Jump — 22 ft. 7 inches; 110 meter high hurdles — :16; 100 meter dash —:10.6 (he has done this well just once) ; Pole Vault —11 ft. 10 inches; 400 meter run — :52; 1500 meter run— in his words, "a prayer."Other good individual performances of the monthwere those of Jay Brown, swimmer, who has won the60 yard free style event in each of the meets so far, atIowa missing equalling the Big Ten record by 1/10 ofa second; John Beal of the track team, who won thehigh hurdles event and placed second in the lows againstNotre Dame; Capt. Merritt Bush of the water poloteam, who has been scoring heavily ; and Bob Finwallof the wrestling team, 145-pounder who has yet to bedefeated, despite the fact that he sometimes wrestles inthe 155 lb. class for purposes of team strength.At this writing it seems likely that the basketballteam will finish its season without a Big Ten victory.Recurrence of an old shoulder injury put Bill Lang outof action at midseason, at a time when he was sixthranking scorer in the Conference. Last month wepredicted that Chicago would defeat opponents in andout of the Conference. The Maroons have fared verywell against non-conference opponents ; a conference victory is only a hope. Four of the starting regulars aresophomores now.The water polo and fencing teams are championshipcontenders. The swimming, wrestling and track teamshave done fairly well this month. The gymnastics teamBill HaarlowHeaded for the Olympics?has not been in action. Hockey is listed above chieflybecause of its novelty. The hockey group, playing dailyon the ice under the North Stand of Stagg Field, iscomposed of graduate students as well as undergraduates, and has been taking on outside opponents forpractice.NEWS OF THE CLASSESCOLLEGE1898Norman K. Anderson is practicinglaw at 111 West Monroe Street, Chicago, a member of the firm of Anderson and Clark.1901Francis Baldwin is Superintendentof Claims for the Illinois Bell Telephone Company, Chicago.1903R. W. Hegner, SM'04, professor ofMedical Zoology at Johns Hopkins'University, is president for 1936 of theAmerican Society of Parasitologists.1907Robert C. Beers can be found inRoom 712, City Hall, where he issenior bacteriologist for the city ofChicago.Frances M. Clendening is living atthe Eddystone Hotel in Detroit and isthe librarian at the Denby High School.Ivan Doseff, who made the "Conference" football team although he worethe Maroon only one year, is now aninstructor in the School of Architecture of the Engineering College of theUniversity of Minnesota. He is a popular and much respected teacher and asculptor of note. A plaque recentlymade for the Gopher Athletic Department emblemmative of sportsmanshiphas been highly praised by art critics.He made living expenses while attending Chicago by illustrating Salisbury,Barrows and Tower's Elements of Geography.W. E. Wrather, consulting geologist, Dallas, Texas, is vice-president for1936 of the Geological Society of America. The vice-president of this distinguished society has been a U. of C.alumnus during most of recent years.1908Mary B. Day, librarian for the pastsix years at the Museum of Science andIndustry, Chicago, is on the board ofthe Illinois Woman's Press Association and on the service committee of theZonta Club for 1935-36. Fittinglyenough, her avocations are bookplates,autographs, and children's "alphabetplates."1910Albert N. Butler is western representative of The McCall Company, publishers, with offices at 919 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago.Secretary of the Bagby Street Branchof the Y.M.C.A., Houston, Texas, William C. Craver especially enjoys reading, hiking, building scrap books ofoutstanding social news. His two children are ages seven and two.1911Henry Heaton Baily is associate professor of Accounting at the University of Illinois.The Northern Bank Note Companyof Chicago over which S. Edwin Earlepresides announced January 25 that ithas resumed its original name and willcontinue business as the Northern Lithographing Company at the same address, 2340 North Racine Avenue, as aconsequence of the sale by the Northern Bank Note Company of its manufacturing steel plate engraving securitydivision and name.Mrs. J. C. Siedenfuss (Myra Zach-arias) is busy with home making andgiving fine, detailed attention to character building in her three children.Her hobby is good cooking.1912Samuel B. Arvey heads the S. B.Arvey and Company, Certified PublicAccountants of Chicago.Natalie Gillette Marks of LakeVilla, Illinois, is county chairman ofthe Junior Red Cross.1913Harriet Edgeworth, SM'17, andher mother, Mrs. Hiram Kennicott(Mary Whitely) the first of Januarycompleted a six day tour of the Islandof Hawaii and write that it is a paradise of flowers beautiful beyond anypowers of description.1915Raymond D. Berry is vice-presidentof Gallagher and Speck, Chicago, dealers in power plants and elevators.Clarence J. Carey is now presidentof the F. E. Carey Coal Company, retail dealers at 7006 South Chicago Avenue, Chicago. 1916On leave of absence for the year1935-36 from the Stout Institute,Mamie R. Mutz is studying at Teachers College, Columbia University.1917Rudolph Anschicks is president ofProtectoseal Company, Chicago manufacturers of tank fittings.William T. Born is principal of theAugusta Elementary School, 2120 Augusta Avenue, Chicago.Lyndon Lesch, real estate managerof the University of Chicago, has beenelected president of the Realty Clubfor 1936. The Realty Club, whichholds weekly luncheon meetings at theHotel LaSalle, has a closed membershipof fifty persons interested in the realestate business. The weekly sessionsfeature a speaker on a subject of interest to the real estate profession.1918Wade S. Bender is president of J. A.Schneider and Company, Chicago,manufacturers of marquetry.William S. Boal is located in theChicago Merchandise Mart where herepresents W. and J. Sloane in the sale,of floor coverings.Broomell Brothers, real estate mortgages, of 111 West Washington Street,Chicago, announce that Chester C.5Broomell for over thirty years th»senior partner, withdraws as a member-of the firm in favor of his son, Francis-J. Broomell.Sidney Braude is in the wholesalejewelry business at 29 East Madison"Ave., Chicago, holding the office ofsecretary in the firm of Emil Braudeand Sons.Guy A. Gladson for several yearsa member of the office staff of Winston,Strawn and Shaw was recently admitted to membership in the firm.1919Margaret Fitzgerald is principal ofHamilton Elementary School of Chicago.Flora E. Maddux, AM'25, has beenteaching Latin and Greek in Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah, forthe past ten years. Her hobby is motoring, especially driving her own car.Cecil L. Rew and Mrs. Rew (Winifred R. Ridgely, '23) are living at 223Buttonwood Avenue, Bowling Green,Ohio. Mr. Rew, who received his doctor's degree at the University of IrKnoislast year, is an instructor in French atBowling Green University.Engaged in research in foods andnutrition at the University of Arkansas,Margaret Elizabeth Smith has published numerous articles in co-authorship with B. Sure.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 31SHE'S A PARTNER IN AGREAT AMERICAN BUSINESSShe is one of 850,000 owners of Bell Systemsecurities. They are typical Americans — someyoung, some middle age, some old. They livein every part of the nation.One may be a housewife in Pennsylvania.Another a physician in Oregon — a clerk inIllinois — an engineer in Texas — a merchant inMassachusetts — a miner in Nevada — a stenographer in Missouri — a teacher in California — or a telephone employee in Michigan.For the most part, Bell System stockholdersare men and women who have put aside smallsums for saving. More than half of them haveheld their shares for five years or longer. More than 650,000 of these 850,000 security holdersown stock in the American Telephone andTelegraph Company — the parent company ofthe Bell System. More than zi5 ,000 own fiveshares or less. Over fifty per cent are women.No one owns as much as one per cent of thestock of A. T. & T. In a very real sense, theBell System is a democracy in business —owned by the people it serves.Over 170,000 men and women work for theBell System. One person out of every 150 in thiscountry owns A. T. & T. securities or stock andbonds of associated companies in the Bell System.BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEM32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINELet us send you anautographed copy of"TEDDY" LINN'SNEW NOVELof life on the Campus— formative years ofthe University. Characters so real that onecasts about for theoriginals from whomthey were drawn.Only $2.10 PostpaidUniversity of Chicago Bookstore5802 Ellis Ave. CHICAGO, ILLCHICAGO PETERSENMOTOR LIVERYA PERSONAL SERVICEof Refinement, Catering to theUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOLINCOLNSWith Experienced Chauffeurs5650 LAKE PARK AVE.Phone MIDWAY 0949No better winter tonic.no finer restf for body and mind than a vacation in'-^jf Nassau. Come, relax on coral beaches1 ' t the sun and b— "*-* fi"3 *ir ^n ifs„.. Play golf, tennL,swimming or riding. Forget wnmi . . . ¦»'*rything but the 'quaint charm, its tint'Come by ocean linexperience new thrills. Live luxuriously but moderately at Nassau's modern hotels or rent your oceancottage and garden by the sea. Consult your travelagent or write —NASSAU Bahamas Information Bureau30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York CityORSSRU<pa?iiiu&>jx. .~iDEVELOPMENT BOA R D— N A S S AU, BAHAMAS 1920Clarence A. Buyer is an accountexecutive with the advertising agencyof Stack-Goble, Chicago.Joseph J. Day became the fourthpartner in the firm of Broomell Brothers, handling Chicago real estate mortgages, as of February 1, 1936.From Leonie Krocker (Mrs. H. W.Thornburg) comes this note: "Running a household has been my chief occupation for the last ten years. As aclose second has been the attempt torear a very lively young lad whosechief interest, to his mother's delight, isgeography." She likes golf, reading,and hand-weaving, and is president ofthe South Milwaukee Woman's Clubthis year.1921Benjamin Baltzer is senior landdeputy in the Cook County, 111., Assessors' Office.L. Vernon Bowyer, AM'23, is principal of the Skinner School at 1070West Jackson Blvd., Chicago.J. Milton Bregstone is located at538 South Clark Street, Chicago, wherehe is president of J. M. Bregstone andCo., dealers in radios and novelties.Richard W. Canman is an insurance analyst and counsel in Chicago.It is rumored that he might also writea policy.George H. Daugherty, Jr., PhD'25,and his wife, Nona J. Walker, '20, maybe addressed in care of the AmericanExpress Company, Paris, France. Mr.Daugherty is now on sabbatical leavefrom the South Side Junior College ofChicago until June, 1936.Keith W. Kindred is a member ofthe firm of Barcus, Kindred and Company, municipal bonds, with offices at231 South LaSalle Street, Chicago.Supervising office routines, creditand collection work, customers orderservice, personnel, costs, etc., throughout the United States and Canada forthe Proctor and Gamble Company, Alfred L. McCartney of Cincinnati,travels about a third of his time fromthe Atlantic to the Pacific and reportsthat his work is varied and most interesting. While dogs, amateur photography, and amateur writing are hishobbies, McCartney writes as follows:"My main achievement during thepast year, other than in my business activities, has been the planning and building of a very nice New English colonialhome here in Cincinnati, overlookingone of the city's nicest parks. It waslots of fun but surely required a greatdeal of attention. This was the yearto build all right, and I certainlybelieve I not only secured a very pleasant and comfortable home but also afirst class investment. In fact, things'broke' so well that I figure I more thanmade up losses sustained otherwise during the famous 'depression.' "1922William J. Bradford is treasurerand John J. Schwab is vice-president of the W. J. Bradford Paper Company,3742 South Ashland Ave., Chicago.They deal in paper specialties for bakersand confectioners.Paul M. Becker is a member of theChicago Stock Exchange.It is reported that James S. Clareis cashier for the Keeley Brewing Company of Chicago.Edward J. Chalifoux is secretaryand treasurer of Photopress, Inc.,printers and lithographers of 725 SouthLaSalle Street, Chicago.Robert C. Matlock is the chiefchemist for the Ken-Rad Tube andLamp Company, Owensboro, Ky.1923Harry Grant Atkinson is with theNational Association of Real EstateDealers, Chicago, as director of Divisional Activities.Herbert H. Beck is an advertisingsalesman with the Rodney E. BooneOrganization, Chicago.Ralph K. Buckland is connectedwith the Chicago branch of the LondonGuarantee and Accident Company ascost accountant.Assistant Professor of French at Indiana University, Ernest J. Leveque,AM'26, wrote, in 1935, an elementaryFrench grammar entitled Introductionto French, published by Doubleday,Doran and Company.1924Gard M. Collins is listed as secretary and treasurer of James D. AhemCompany, Chicago manufacturers ofsigns.Roswell N. Rolliston is in chargeof the purchasing for the WilliamsonCandy Company of Chicago.Amalia E. Schaetzel teaches at theLake View High School in Chicago.1925Aside from his regular duties at theReve Copper and Brass, Inc., HerbertA. Ball has been spending some timecoaching the Wheaton College wrestlingteam. The middle of January, Wheatonlost to the U. of C. by a score of 21-13,but at a return engagement Wheatonbeat the Maroons 26-8.J. Lester Burgess is president ofEducational Buyers, Inc., purchasingagents at 6306 Cottage Grove Avenue,Chicago.Harry F. Gee, Jr., is district manager for the Federal Mogul Service, 363West Peachtree Street, Atlanta, Ga.Last month the Chicago Daily Newscarried the following story by LarryDores :"Eliot Ness, youthful federal law enforcer, who made a spectacular recordin Chicago as the scourge of the Ca-pone gang, has been named director ofpublic safety in Cleveland. The appointment was made by Harold Burton,the Ohio city's new mayor, on whatwas described as 'an entirely nonpoliti-cal basis' in an effort to rid the metropolis of the increasing power of itsunderworld. In his new field Mr. NessTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEhas control of the fire and police department, as well as building inspection and other phases of law enforcement. At 32 years of age he is one ofthe youngest men in the country at thehead of the police force of a majorcity."Shortly after being graduated fromthe University of Chicago ten years agoNess, who then and now is tall, slenderand handsome, joined the prohibitionforces here. The Capone gang was inthe saddle here at the time and gradually eliminating opposition amongcompetitors in the bootleg alcohol industry by extensive use of those twinsof the era — the one-way ride and theTommy gun. By the time Ness hadserved his apprenticeship, Washingtonauthorities had been aroused and sentAssistant Attorney General WilliamJ. Froelich, now a Chicago attorney,to survey the situation. Mr. Froelichchose Ness on his record to organizethe 'Untouchables.'"Ness' 'untouchables' were a groupof a dozen agents who had been carefully picked from various parts of thecountry — the cream of the service.Riding roughshod over the Caponemob, they smashed 'Scarface Al's'breweries throughout the city andcounty, seizing expensive trucks andarresting gang members who up tothen had been more or less unhamperedin their activities. So devastating wasthe work of the untouchables that during the year they operated they costthe gang more than a million dollarsin lost equipment and the expense ofkeeping on the run from the omnipresent Ness forces."One of the most efficient callingcards that the Ness men used was afive-ton automobile truck. When theirinvestigation of a particular wildcatbrewery had been completed, theirwarrants procured and plans perfectedthey gathered before dawn about their quarry. With the first streak of daylight the signal was given by Ness, thetruck got under way, gathered speedand, striking the main entrance of thebrewery like a battering ram, crashedthrough ; the government agentsswarmed in and in a few minutes hadcaptured the place with its operatives."So harassing to the fortunes of theCapone forces were the operations ofthe agents under Ness that when theend of prohibition came it found themajority of the members of the gangwith lean bank rolls, unable to financelarge-scale endeavors in other fields oflaw violations. Today many of thetop sergeants in the Capone organization have returned to their former vocations — vice and gambling."With the eighteenth amendmenterased from the statute books Chicagolost the services of Ness and his men.The untouchables had been disbandedNess was transferred by Washington,authorities first to Cincinnati to organize a branch of the new alcohol taxunit. From there he was sent to Cleveland for a similar task. It was becauseof the record he made in the Ohiocities, coupled with the vivid history ofhis activities in his native Chicago, thatMayor Burton drafted him to his present postion."1926J. Fletcher Agnew is assistant inthe Confidential Bureau of the Territorial Headquarters of the SalvationArmy at 122 West 14th Street, NewYork City.Frank E. Boughton acts as salespromotion manager for the Chicagobranch of the Multigraph Sales Agency.Catherine Campbell plays the titlerole of the new "Lucky Girl" dramapresented over WGN every Tuesday,Thursday, and Saturday at noon. Shewas chosen for this part in a big audition given last month.James T. Tselos, AM'29, is an instructor in the Fine Arts Departmentof New York University.Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Winter (Vin-ginia Harvey) are at present in Cool-idge, Arizona, where Mr. Winter is incharge of the Casa Grande NationalMonument, set aside because of itsarcheological interest.1927During the Chicago school year,Inez Ely Keepers teaches ancient andmedieval history in Calumet HighSchool, but during the summer vacation she sojourns to her farm at Wyoming, New York, where she especiallyenjoys caring for the pure bred Guernsey calves.1928John K. Bown is an auditor withHarris, Kerr, Forster and Company.Several months ago he married DorothyElvidge, formerly employed in theBursar's Office of the University. Their Five times this winter, a smart,modern French Line ship will glideout of New York harbor, bearingan agreeable group of people tothe most delightful winter vacationyou can imagine. Your liner is ade luxe hotel (nearly every cabinwith bath or shower) . . . the food(French or American, as you like)is beyond praise ... a bottle ofexcellent table wine goes withevery meal (our treat).There's an open-air swimmingpool, a vast sunny space for youathletes (luncheon served on deck). . . and the nights will be filledwith music, bridge tournaments,dancing and other gay doings.See your Travel Agent for fulldetails and early reservations.French Line, 610 Fifth Avenue(Rockefeller Center), New York.3 VERY SPECIALCARIBBEAN CRUISESFEBRUARY 7 and 28-17 DAYS -$200upl St. Pierre, Fort-de-France, Port ofSpain, La Guayra, Cartagena, Cristobal,Havana. *MARCH 20-11 DAYS-$135 upl Nassau,Havana, * Port au Prince, Bermuda.2 BERMUDA CRUISESAPRIL 2 and 8 - 5 DAYS - $65 upl*// conditions make it advisable, Kingston Killbe substituted for Havana.SAILINGS TO ENGLAND AND FRANCE:lie de France - February 21 , March 14Champlain — February 15, March 734 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESCHOOLDIRECTORYBOYS' SCHOOLSROXBURY SCHOOLFor boys 11 years and olderFlexible organization and painstaking supervision of each boy's program offer opportunityfor exceptional scholastic progress and generaldevelopment.A. N. Sheriff, HeadmasterCheshire,, ConnecticutCOUPONFOR COMPLETE SCHOOL ANDCAMP INFORMATION, FILL OUTAND MAIL THIS FORM TO THEGRADUATE SCHOOL SERVICE, 30ROCKEFELLER PLAZA, N. Y.Student's Age Sex....Religion Rate.Location Preferred Type of School PreferredType of Camp Preferred Remarks Name Address COLLEGESSAINT XAVIER COLLEGEFOR WOMEN4900 Cottage Grove AvenueCHICAGO, ILLINOISA Catholic College Conducted bythe SISTERS OF MERCYCourses lead to the B. A. and B. S.degrees. Music — ArtIATIONAL COLLEGE ofEDUCATION49th yearN' International reputation for superiorscholarship and distinguished faculty.Teacher training in Nursery School,Kindergarten and Elementary Grades. Exceptional placement record. Demonstration School,Dormitories, Athletics. For catalog write, EdnaDean Baker, Pres., Box 625 -B, Evanston, 111. SPECIAL SCHOOLTHE ORTHOGENIC SCHOOL OFTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOBoarding and day school for the studyand training of children, 6 to 14, witheducational or emotional problems. Mental defectives are not accepted. Undersupervision of University Clinics and Department of Education.Dr. Frank N. Freeman, DirectorDr. Mandel Sherman, PsychiatristCO-EDUCATIONAL SCHOOLThe6216 Kim Midway Schoolbark Ave. Tel. Dorchester 3299Elementary Grades — High SchoolPreparation — KindergartenFrench, Music and ArtA School BUS SERVICEwith Individual Instruction andCultural AdvantagesSECRETARIAL SCHOOLSIntensive Stenographic CourseFOR COLLEGE MEN & WOMEN100 Words a Minute in 100 Days As- a,sured for one Fee. Enroll NOW. Day jCclasses only — Begin Jan., Apr., Julyand Oct. Write or Phone Ran. 1575._18~S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO -fr1MacCormac School ofCommerceBusiness Administration and SecretarialTrainingDAY AND EVENING CLASSESEnter Any Monday1170 E. 63rd St. H. P. 2130CHIROPODY SCHOOLILLINOIS COLLEGEof Chiropody and Foot SurgeryFor Bulletin and Information AddressDR. WM. J. STICKEL, Dean1327 North Clark StreetChicago, Illinois present home address is the FairfaxHotel, Chicago.For several years a member of theoffice staff of Winston, Strawn andShaw, Grier D. Patterson became amember of the firm last month.F. Eldon Wetzel is with the American Automatic Electric Sales Companyof New York City.1929Claude L. Brignall is treasurer ofthe Yard Coal Company of Chicago.Stewart McMullen lives at theCountry Club Apartments, HartsdaleRoad, Hartsdale, New York.Ernest Street Stevens is now associated with David L. Shillinglaw andCompany, Investment Securities, Chicago.1930Saul D. Alinsky is a member of theClassification Board of the Illinois StatePrison System. His work is in Joliet,but he lives at 5553 Kimbark Avenue,Chicago.Clarence L. Barnhart is schoolbook editor for Scott, Foresman andCompany, publishers, and lives at 1302East 60th Street, Chicago.1931Lester A. Bensema teaches mathematics in the Chicago Christian College,7050 South May Street, Chicago.1932Edward H. Buehrig, AM'34, is aninstructor in International Law andState Government at the University ofIndiana.Benedict Mayers recently sailedfor London, where he will finish hiswork on his degree of doctor of philosophy. While abroad Mr. Mayers willreview the European situation and dosome work in contemporary politics.He expects to take two years to complete his survey which he plans to publish on his return.Sarah Moment (Mrs. MorrisEigen) Social Service Director at theNew Jersey Orthopedic Hospital,writes that "we have a few alumni innorthern New Jersey — Libby ReynoldsAnderson, '33, and her husband,Robert B. Anderson, '31, EmilyRobinson Huber, '35, and her husband, Karl, '33, JD'34, and CharlotteSaemann, '31, who is living in ForestHills, Long Island, joins us occasionally. When Berta Ochsner danced inNew York, we all turned out to greether and John and Betty ParkerMills, '32, were there too."1933Jerry Jontry has become nationaladvertising representative for a chainof Hearst newspapers and is making hisheadquarters at Michigan City, Indiana, where he can be addressed at 701Washington.With the American Can Company ofMaywood, Illinois, Franklyn C. W.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 35Olson is a canning technologist in theResearch Department.1934Roger M. Bloomfield is employedin the inspection department of Sears,Roebuck and Co., 925 South HomanAvenue, Chicago.From Wellington, Kansas, RuthBohanna (Mrs. Walter J. Broderson)sends the cheerful word that the weatherthere January 22 was sunny and thetemperature reached 45° to Chicago's_18° ! Immediately after graduation Mrs.Broderson began work in the AdmittingOffice at Billings Hospital and stayedthere till January, 1935, when she leftChicago with her husband for Kansas,via Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee,Arkansas, and Oklahoma. Since thenthey have been taking a long vacation.Mr. Broderson, who became very illwith pulmonary tuberculosis after anautomobile trip to California last August, is now improving.Edwin Martin Duerbeck, AM'35,is employed in the Power Division ofthe PWA in Washington, D. C.Doris M. Emberson (Mrs. GeorgeK. Neumann) is now living in Waver-ly, Tenn. Mr. Neumann will be remembered as a member of the Class of1930.Robert C. Hepple has resigned hisposition with Illinois Emergency Relief to accept a job with the AmericanCan Company at their Chicago plant.Frank Taussig, who wrote "TheBells" and other tune hits for "Mergerfor Millions" (1934 Blackfriar show)has a position in the "Stem Department" of Marshall Field and is spending his spare time working on a seriesof half-hour musical radio shows whichhe eventually hopes to have produced.1935William S. O'Donnell is connectedwith Barcus, Kindred and Company, of231 South La Salle Street, Chicago.Commercial teacher at Tuley HighSchool, Chicago, Jessie R. Parker forher avocation likes to write stories orpoems for relaxation and her hobbyis buying books for educational purposesin teaching and for recreation.Richard Schlesinger is employed inthe advertising department of CarsonPirie Scott's retail store in Chicago.Robert F. Templeton is now withthe Allied Oil Company, Inc., 1921Guarantee Title Building, Cleveland,Ohio.Annemarie Louise Vietzke is secretary with Walter M. Hill, 25 E.Washington Street, Chicago, dealers inrare books and editions.William D. Watson, '35, is withHowland and Howland, Inc., 360 NorthMichigan Avenue, Chicago.LAW1909Ralph S. Bauer, JD, is professor oflaw at DePaul University and practiceslaw at 64 East Lake Street, Chicago. 1910Now for the last three years Justiceof the Supreme Court of Utah, DavidW. Moffat was District Judge of theThird Judicial District of Utah for fouryears immediately preceding the election to the Supreme Court. An activeworker in the Boy Scout movement,Justice Moffat hunts and fishes whenopportunity offers and time permits.1913The Street Names Committee of theCity Club of Chicago has printed a nine-page booklet, written by HerbertBebb, JD, on "Muddled Street Names,"urging that one name be adopted forall parts of each "broken link" streetand duplicate and partly duplicate streetnames be eliminated. It is pointed outthat the adoption of these suggestionswould end continuous annoyance to individuals and save large annual moneylosses to delivering agencies.J. Cornelia Wyse announces the removal of her law office to Suite 620,127 North Dearborn St., Chicago.1914Arthur E. Bryson is vice-presidentof Halsey Stuart and Company withoffices at 201 South LaSalle Street,Chicago.A thorough treatment of not only thegeneral but also the specific aspects offuture interests will be found in LewisM. Simes', '12, JD, three volumes onthis subject. The Vernon Law BookCompany are the publishers of Simeson Future Interests. An adviser to theAmerican Law Institute for the Restatement of Property, Simes is professor of law at the University ofMichigan.1915Howard Ellis, '14, JD, was recentlyadmitted to partnership in the law firmof Kirkland, Fleming, Green & Martin.The name of the firm will be changedto Kirkland, Fleming, Green, Martin& Ellis.Henry F. Tenney, '13, JD, Chicagolawyer, has been appointed to serve asa member of the special committee ofthe American Bar Association to survey law books and legal publicationsand report on duplication of subjectmatter.1916Stuart B. White, LLB, and CharlesE. White announce the formation of thelaw firm of White and White, to succeed to the practice of Stuart B. White,with offices in the First National BankBuilding, Niles, Michigan.1924White and Case, New York City, announce that Lowell Wadmond, '22, JD,became a member of the firm on January 1, 1936.1928Josef L. Hektoen, '25, JD, lawyer,edits the Chicago Bar Record. THE OLDEST CAMP IN THE WESTCAMP HIGHLANDSFOR BOYSSAYNER, WISCONSINThree Camps— 8-12: 13-14: 15-17Woodcraft, Athletic and Water Sports,Music, Photography, Scouting, Long CanoeTrips, Riding, Shooting, Shop, Nature Lore,Camping Trips, Unexcelled Equipment,Experienced Staff, Doctor-Nurse.WRITE THE DIRECTOR FOR CATALOGW. J. MONILAW, M. D.5712 Kenwood Ave., ChicagoYour whole life throughShorthand will be useful to you.LEARN GREGGThe World's Fastest Shorthand.THE GREGG PUBLISHING COMPANY2500 Prairie Ave. ChicagoAWNINGSPhones Oakland 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHyde Park Awning Co.,INC.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes450* : Cottage Grove AvenueBEAUTY SALONSERNEST BAUERLEBEAUTY SALONSpecializing inIndividual HaircutsSuite 1308 Telephone17 N. State St. Dearborn 6789Stevens BuildingBOOKSARE YOU INTERESTEDINMEDICAL BOOKSWe will send you gratis our bargain pricecatalog on Medicine, Surgery, MedicalHistory, Psychology and Sexology.LOGIN BROS.1814 W. Harrison St. CHICAGOMEDICAL BOOKSof All PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andall New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEARMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical College36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBROADCASTINGNORMAN KLINGOutstandingVOCAL INSTRUCTORTO STARS OFRadio — Stage — OrchestraWill Help You to Improve orDevelop Your VoiceHis Aid Has Helped Many toGreater Earning Power and SuccessStudio Telephone903 Kimball Building Webster 7188CATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900- —0901Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882CHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, '12B. R. Harris, '2 1Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6COFFEE -TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OF™LA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209-13 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1 350Boston — New York — Philadelphia— SyracuseCURTAIN CLEANINGGREENWOODCURTAIN CLEANERS^MTE 55th St.Phone Hyde Park 2248We Clean All Kinds of Curtains — Drapes —Banquet Cloths — Window ShadesWe Also Do Dry Cleaning onCurtains and DrapesELECTRIC SIGNSELECTRIC SIGNADVERTISING•FEDERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYCLAUDE NEON FEDERAL CO.225 North Michigan AvenueW. D. Krupke, '19Vice-president in Charge of Sales 1 929Leon M. Despres, '27, JD, announcesthe removal of his office to 10 SouthLaSalle Street, Chicago.Leo A. Diamond, JD'27, is nowwith the Treasury Department as anattorney in Internal Revenue, Room5230, Washington, D. C.1934J. Phillip Dunn, LLB, attorney,has his office in Room 503 News Tower,Rockford, Illinois.DIVINITY1933Hope Broome has been married toFrancis B. Downs, rector of ChristChurch, Riverton, New Jersey.Clyde E. Buckingham now residesat Dixon, Illinois, where he is workingas relief administrator for Lee County.Ruth K. Hill, PhD, is employed ascase worker on the Winona, Minnesota,County Emergency Relief Staff."Mabel Marsh reports that she isvery happy to be back in Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States, where sheis teaching in a girls' school that hassix hundred pupils.Charles F. Nesbitt, AM, formerlya teacher in Millsaps College, Jackson,Mississippi, has removed to BlackburnCollege, Carlinville^ Illinois.Edmund Jabez Thompson, PhD,moved from Deduc, Alberta, to Aurora,Ontario, in June to become a ministerof the United Church. He is also theauthor of a series of thirteen studies on"Jesus' Teaching and the World of Today," published in The Pathfinder, theyoung people's magazine of the UnitedChurch of Canada.Frank Garrett Ward, PhD, is nowteaching in the Central Y.M.C.A. College in Chicago.1934William H. Dunphy has been appointed to a fellowship at the Seminary(Russian Orthodox) of St. Sergius inParis for 1936-37.Harriet E. Henn has gone to Munich to study at the State Academy ofMusic.Don Wendell Holter, PhD, reportsa year of pleasant work as pastor ofCentra^ Student Church in Manila,Philippine Islands, and as part-timeteacher in the Union Theological Seminary.Alexander Mackie Honeyman,PhD, was married in August to CeciliaMary Milne of Edinburgh, and is nowinterim minister of Glenesk, Angus,Scotland. He is the author of an article in a recent number of the lournal ofTheological Studies.Donald S. Klaiss, PhD, is pastorof the Community Church, Greensboro,North Carolina, and Mrs. Klaiss is employed as executive secretary for theGuilford County Association for theBlind. J. Paul Reed, who [s teaching inKwansei Gakuin Literary College, To-kio, Japan, announces a forthcomingbook, The Adventure of Modem Living,to be published early in 1936.Elmer E. Tiedt, one of three Armychaplains studying at the DivinitySchool last year, is now located at FortMills, Philippine Islands — part of theharbor defenses of Manila, on the islandof Corregidor.Walter George Williams, PhD, ispastor of Union Avenue MethodistEpiscopal Church, Cleveland, Ohio, andhas published in the American lournalof Semitic Languages an article on "TheRas Shamra Inscriptions and TheirSignificance for the History of HebrewReligion."1935Hal C. Head, one of the Army chaplains who studied here last year, is nowstationed at Fort Crook, Nebraska.Kenneth L. Parker, PhD, has returned to the American PresbyterianMission at Fatehgarh, United Provinces, India.Fred A. Replogle, formerly deanand registrar of McPherson College,has become dean of Oklahoma City University. In August he took part in theWestern Regional Program of the National Occupations Conference at EstesPark, Colorado.Elisha P. Murchison, Jr., is director of the Department of LeadershipTraining at the C. M. E. Church ofAmerica. His address : Box 467, Jackson, Tenn.Dora Louise Nelson, is principal ofWebb Memorial Girls' High School,Baroda Presidency, Central Provinces,India ; and is author of a story book forchildren, A Monkey's Folly. She is amember of the All India Literary Commission, and secretary of the Board ofEducation.RUSH1880Nelson E. Oliver, MD, has been inactive practice at Thornton, CookCounty, 111., since 1882. Onetime amember of the staff of St. James Hospital and Ingals Memorial Hospital,and surgeon for C. & E. I. R. R., heis now surgeon for Brownell Improvement Company. Dr. Oliver is a collectorand seller of old firearms and a collector of old U. S. coins.1894Elbert N. Mathis, MD, continuespracticing medicine in Pasadena in thishis eightieth year. For eight years hehas been the county health officer of LosAngeles County, for twenty-five he hasbeen a member of the Lunacy Commission, and he has also been president ofthe Board of Education of Los Angeles.1885Arthur W. Rogers, MD, has transferred the entire property of the Ocon-omwoc Health Resort near Oconomo-woc, Wisconsin, to a new corporation,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 37Albert Teachers' Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago¦htablilhad IMS. Plvcment llureiu far ¦«•gad women In 111 kindi of teaching poeltleaa.\Mt» anil sltrt Coll.*. and BUU Teachers' I'olMo depart mt nti for Doctor! and Marfan: forty„,, cent of aw business. Critic and Gride Suu-ereliori for Normil Hchooll pUred eren leir IIIlarga numbers: eicellent opportunities. Speciallaacban of Hona Bronotoln. Biulnaaa Admlnlsiri-Hon aoiale. and Art. iecure flue peeUlena Itarouibua atari f*ar. Prirata Beboola In all nana of thecountry smona our boat patrons: food salaries. Wellpraparad Blab Hchool taaeban wantad far cltr andsuburban Hlfb Beboola. Special manatar bandln(lr.de and Critic work. Bend for folder toiler.HAIRREMOVEDFOREVER16 Years' ExperienceFree ConsultationLOTTIE A. METCALFEGraduate NurseELECTROLYSIS EXPERTMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused.Permanent removal of Hair from Face,Eyebrows, Back of Neck or any partof Body ; destroys 200 to (00 Hair Rootsper hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.tmtrltan Assn. Mtlltel llyJroloHmi Pkyilcal Thirapi1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705, Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.SUPERFLUOUSHAIRPositivelyDestroyed!Your BeautyRe-storedELECTROLYSISit the only method aiidba aad by physicians.We are the inventors of multjplo Madia elec-trolyaia and laaaara for 40 years la removalof superfluous hafar, moles and warts. Noreasonable rates for fuaranteed work.MADAME STIVERSuite Mat Marshall Field Anne*S E. Washington St.Clip Ad for Booklet or Call Central *B»GREUNE- MUELLERCOALIs of Highest Quality fromRespective Fields and isDUSTLESS TREATEDLet Us Prove This to YouGREUNE-MUELLER COAL GO.7435 So. Union Ave.All Phones Vineennes 4000 known as the Rogers Memorial Sanitarium. "This action he has taken asa living memorial to his wife, and in ameasure, to his own lifework, to theend that this institution may be perpetuated and expanded, continuing torender servce at a minimum cost andhenceforth without profit."1910Edward L. Cornell, '07, MD, chiefof the obstetrical division of HenrotinHospital, also a trustee of that hospital, is President of the Chicago Gynecological Society and Secretary of theMaternal Welfare Committee. He isa Fellow in the American College ofSurgeons, a member of the ChicagoMedical Society, American MedicalSociety, Central Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, AmericanAssociation of Obstetricians, Gynecologists and Abdominal Surgeons, theRotary Club, Illinois Athletic Club andRidge Country Club. He is a chartermember of Gamma Beta of KappaSigma, also a member of Nu SigmaNu. He was formerly on the attending staff of the Chicago Lying-in Hospital. His hobbies are golf and stamps.1913Edwin P. McLean, *12, MD'13,physician and surgeon, was presidentof the staff of the Decatur and MaconCounty Hospital for 1935 and is president of the Decatur Medical Societyfor 1936.1924A Los Angeles physician and surgeon, Paul A. Quaintance, '20, MD,was a fellow of the American Collegeof Surgeons for 1935. The Doctor'shobbies are better and shorter speechesand golf.Clarence C. Reed, MD, is attending surgeon in reconstructive surgeryat the Los Angeles General Hospitaland instructor in surgery at the MedicalSchool of the University of SouthernCalifornia in Los Angeles, Calif.1928From Reuben Ratner, MD, comegreetings bearing the news: "1936 hasan auspicious start for me. A sonwas born January 6, 1936. I havemoved my home residence from 1850Gough Street to 2329 North PointStreet, San Francisco, Calif., and Ihave moved my down town office from490 Post Street to 450 Sutter Street, allshowing a marked improvement on mypart and looking for a brighter future."1929After being in Earl Clinic of St.Paul, Minnesota, for five and a halfyears, J. Allen Wilson, MD, hasopened a new office for the practice ofInternal Medicine, especially gastroenterology, at 836 Lowry Medical ArtsBuilding, St. Paul, Minn.Robert Charles Levy, '26, MD, ispracticing medicine in Chicago. EMPLOYMENTCOLOREDDOMESTIC HELPFurnishedDay or NightReferences investigated.Englewood Employment Agency5530 S. State. Phone-Englewood 3 1 8 1 -3 1 82Street Night-Englewood3l8lEstablished 16 yearsFLOWERSHOMER LANGE A. LANSEEst. IM7Charge Accounts end DeliveryFLORISTfZ63 East Monroe Central 3777.uA»if^ CHICAGOEstablished 186SFLOWERSPhones: Plaza 6444, 64451 63 1 East 55th StreetFURNITURE POLISH"Marvelous"NEVERUBPOLISHBrilliant, Lasting, Not OilyDilute with equal waterNO RUBBINGCreamFurnitureKiel.U, Dalit Mora. The Fair, andRetail Stores everywhere.furrierF. STEIGERWALDFURRIERSTORAGE— REPAIRINGREMODELING902 Phone17 North Stat* St. Cent. 6620Exclusive But Not ExpensiveGALLERIESO'BRIEN GALLERIESPaintints Expertly ReatoredNew life brought to treasured canvases. Our moderate prices will please.Estimates given without obligation.673 North MichiganSuperior 3370LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: Hyde Park 9100-1-2QUALITY FOODSTUFFSMODERATE PRICESWE DELIVERTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHOTELS"Famous tor food"Dancing and EntertainmentNightlyCircular CRYSTAL Barthe BREVOORT hotel120 W. Madison St. ChicagoLAUNDRIESMorgan Laundry Service, Inc.2330 Prairie Ave.Phone Calumet 7424Dormitory ServiceStandard Laundry Co.Linen Supply — Wet WashFinished Work1818 South Wabash Ave.Phone Calumet 4700SUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 5110THEBEST LAUNDRY andCLEANING COMPANYALL SERVICESWe Also DoDry Cleaning — Shoe Repairing4240 PhoneIndiana Ave. OAKIand 1383LITHOGRAPHERL. C. Mead '21. E. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset — Printing73 1 Plymouth CourtWabash 8182MUSICRayner Dalheim &CoMUSICENGRAVERS & PRINTERSof FRATERN ITY, SORORITYand UNIVERSITYof CHICAGO SONG BOOKSNO 0RMRT00 LARGE 0RTD0 SMALL - WRITE FOR PRICES2054 W.LAKE ST. PHONE SEELEY47I0 Now pathologist in the School ofMedicine, University of Southern California, Louisa Hemken, '25, MD, wasfor four years autopsy surgeon for SanBernardino County, California. Two ofher articles have just been accepted inwell known medical journals and willappear in due course.1933John Leonard Anderson, MD,physician, is stationed with CCC Co.793, Hill City, South Dakota.1935Owen P. Heninger, MD, is nowpracticing medicine in Safford, Arizona,having completed his interneship at theLos Angeles County General Hospitallast March.MASTERS1911Dean and professor of Sociology atthe International Y. M. C. A. College,at Springfield, Mass., (known locallyas Springfield College) since December,1933, Albert Z. Mann, AM, waselected by the trustees as acting president to succeed Dr. L. L. Doggett,who resigned the first of January.Dr. Mann has been active in the workof the National Council of the Y. M.C. A., serving as chairman of the national town and county committee, asa member of the National Council, andof the executive committee of the personnel division committee and the program committee. He has also beensecretary of the committee of -homemissions and Indian work. In June,1933, Dr. Mann successfully broughtto a close a two-year survey of theY. M. C. A.'s of the country, serving as survey director of the generalagencies committee of the NationalCouncil. He is connected with severalchurch boards and agencies and is amember of the board of directors ofthe American Country Life Association. For six years he has been treasurer of the board of hospitals, homesand deaconess work of the MethodistAssociation.Ludwell Denny is editor of TheIndianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Ind.1922D. C. Ridgley, SM, of the Principia,St. Louis, recently received the Distinguished Service Award of the NationalCouncil of Geography Teachers.1923Managing Editor of The SocialStudies, W. G. Kimmel, AM, is amember of the faculty of Teachers College, Columbia University.1929Raymond Wilber Fairchild ispresident of Illinois State Normal University.1932Anne L. Austin, AM, is assistantprofessor of Nursing at the FrancesPayne Bolten School of Nursing ofWestern Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. An earnest and enthusiastic student of the history of nursingas well as a teacher of sociology, MissAustin is chairman of the SociologyCommittee for Revision of the Curriculum of Nursing Schools of the National League of Nursing Education.Frances E. Grassley, SM, is reliefdirector of the Lancaster County Relief Bureau, with offices located inLincoln, Nebraska.A Timely SuggestionIt is important and decidedly toyour advantage to anticipateyour spring and summer wardrobe early.Whether you require a newspring and summer suit, topcoat,dress attire, or sports clothes —all are personal items that callfor immediate action.New importations are now ondisplay for your early inspection. Prices will interest you.Campbell Eisele & Polich, Ltd.Telephone State 3863 8 South Michigan AvenueMERCHANTTAILORSTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 39NURSES' REGISTRYNURSES' OFFICIAL REGISTRYof FIRST DISTRICT, ILLINOIS STATENURSES ASSOCIATIONFurnishes registered nurses for all types ofcases and for varying hours of service tofit the patient's need.TelephoneNURSES' HEADQUARTERSSTATE 85428 South Michigan Ave., Willoughby TowerBuilding — Lucy Van Frank, RegistrarOPTICAL SUPPLIESSince 1886BORSCH & COMPANYEyes Examined Glasses FittedOculists Prescriptions FilledWe Can Duplicate Any Lens fromthe Broken PiecesTelephone62 E. Adams St. State 7267PAINTSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzie 3 I 86PHOTOGRAPHERMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMNIPHYSICAL THERAPY UNITSMilNTOSHV ELECTRICAL CORPORATION- CHICAGO IEstablished 1879MANUFACTURERSPhysical Therapy EquipmentTelephone— KEDzie 2048223-233 N. California Ave., ChicagoC. E. MARSHALLWHEEL CHAIR HEADQUARTERSFOR OVER FORTY YEARSNew and Used Chairs for Sale or Rent.Hospital Beds, Crutches, etc."Airo" Mattresses and Cushions5062 Lake Park Ave. Drex. 3300PLASTERINGT.A.BARRETTPLASTERERChimneys RepairedBoiler Mason Work, etc.6447 Drexel Ave. TelephoneShop 541 1 Cottage H de Park 0653Grove 1933For the current year, Milton L.Plumb, AM, is president of Phi DeltaKappa group, District No. 10, of Indiana, with a membership of over fifty.They have applied for a charter as analumni chapter and meet every monthat Princeton, Indiana.1934Leo M. Bryant, AM, is with theU. S. Mail, acting as clerk in the mailing division in the new Chicago post-office.Cecelia Kelly, AM, teaches zoologyat the Foreman High School, Chicago.Gerald Hershel Lovins, SM, is withthe American Instrument Company,Inc., which is now occupying a newplant, showroom and offices at 8010-8020 Georgia Avenue, Silver Spring,Maryland.1935Ruth Castles accepted a positionmaking diphtheria toxoid in the Biological Section of the Tennessee State Department of Public Health at Nashvillethe first of the year.Herbert Strickler has returned toWellington, Kansas, where he, his wifeand family are spending the winter.The Stricklers are in America on furlough from missionary work in India.DOCTORS OFPHILOSOPHYAt the fifteenth annual meeting ofthe Chicago Botany Alumni held inconnection with the meeting of theBotanical Society of America, seventy-six alumni and former students satdown to luncheon at the Warwick Hotel.St. Louis, Mo. The luncheon had beenarranged and was presided over byProfessor Emeritus George D. Fuller, SM'12, PHD'14. The progress ofthe Department was reported by Professor E. J. Kraus, PHD' 17, and byDr. Paul D. Voth, SM'30, PHD'33,Melvin A. Brannon, PHD'12, Chancellor Emeritus of the University ofMontana spoke briefly for the alumniand an enjoyable social hour was spent.1902The Conquest of Constantinople translated from the old French of Robertof Clair by Edgar Holmes McNeal,'96, was off the press of Columbia University February 21. This chroniclewritten by a simple, obscure knightgives an interesting eye witness account of the Fourth Crusade and offersan interesting parallel to the contemporary account of Geoffrey ofVillehardouin. This volume offers acomplete translation of the chronicle,with full historical introduction, copiousnotes on the text, and a map.1904Oscar Riddle of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, was chairmanof the zoological section and vice president of the American Association forthe Advancement of Science. His retiring address is printed in Science forJanuary 17. ROOFINGGrove Roofing Co.(Gilliland)Old Roofs Repaired — New Roofs Put On25 Years at 6644 Cottage Grove Ave.Lowest Prices— Estimates FreeFairfax 3206SPORTING GOODSJ. B. Van Bosldrlc & SonsSporting Goods"Van" of Bartlett Gym1411 East 60th StreetMidway 7521Complete Tennis EquipmentSquash & BadmintonSPLINTSDe Puy SplintsFracture BookFreeUpon RequestProfessional Card SufficientWARSAW— INDIANATEACHER'S AGENCIESAMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. Jackson BoulevardChicagoA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college field.It is affiliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.THEHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD.Telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, III.Member National Associationof Teachers AgenciesWe Enjoy a Very Fine High School, NormalSchool, College and University PatronageTHE YATES-FISHERTEACHERS AGENCYEstablished 1906PAUL YATES, Manager616-620 South Michigan Ave.ChicagoX-RAY SUPPLIESX-RAY SUPPLIES& Accessories"At Your Service'Tel. Seeley 2550-51Geo, W. Brady & Co.809 So. Western Ave.40 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1907Retired last July at the" age of seventyby C r o z e r Theological Seminary,Chester, Pa., Frank G. Lewis, AM'06,and Mrs. Lewis are spending the winterat 1037 Sixth Street, Santa Monica,California. After the first of Apriltheir address will be 70 GreenwoodStreet, Canisteo, New York, where theywill have their home.1914Harold G. Moulton, '07, presidentof the Brookings Institution, is chairman for 1936 of the social science section and vice president of the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement ofScience.1916Columbia University Press has published Francis J. Tschan's, "Helnveds'Chronicle of the Stars," Vol. 21, in itsRecords of Civilization Sources andStudies. Mr. Tschan has finished histerm (three years) on the Council ofthe American Association of UniversityProfessors.1917C. L. Kjerstad, AM' 16, LieutenantGovernor of the Minnesota-DakotasDistrict of Kiwanis International,Chairman of the National Committeeon Standards and Surveys of the American Association of Teachers Colleges,and member of the Executive Committee of North Dakota Education Association, has been president of StateTeachers College at Dickinson, NorthDakota, since 1929.Laura White, professor of Historyat the University of Wyoming, waselected to the Council of the AmericanAssociation of University Professors atthe St. Louis meeting last December.1919Ralph Works Chaney, '12, head ofthe Department of Paleontology at theUniversity of California, gave the address at the convocation at IndianaUniversity on January 15.1922Wesley M. Gewehr, '11, AM'12,has been professor of history since 1929,at the American College, Washington,D. C.O. E. Meinzer of the U. S. Geological Survey, is the president for 1936of the Washington Academy of Science.1925P. W. Zimerman, now on the staffof the Boyce Thompson Institute,Yonkers, N. Y., was the joint authorwith Dr. A. E. Hitchcock of the paperawarded the thousand dollar prize atthe recent meeting of the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement ofScience, at St. Louis, Mo. This prizeis awarded annually for the most noteworthy paper presented at the wintermeeting of the Association. It wasread before the Botanical Society ofAmerica and was entitled Responses ofPlants to Growth Substances.1926F. R. Gay, AM'18, is chairman of the Division of Languages and Literature, chairman of the English Department, and professor of Greek inBethany College, West Virginia.Mary M. Steagall, '06, SM'23, isteacher and head of the Zoology Department of the Southern IllinoisTeachers College at Carborndale.Chairman of the Egyptian Science Cluband vice president of Illinois Academyof Science, her play work is studyingthe birds and bryophytes of SouthernIllinois.1928Two doctors of philosophy recentlyadded to the Indiana University sociology faculty are John H. Mueller,PhD'28, associate professor, and Harvey J. Locke, PhD'30, assistant professor. The head of the department isEuwin H. Sutherland, PhD' 13.1932Until August Kenneth N. Campbellwas a research assistant in organicchemistry to Dean Frank C. Whitmore at Pennsylvania State College. Heis now at the University of Illinois asa research assistant to Professor RogerAdams. His wife, Barbara H. Knapp,'29, SM'31, is continuing her organicchemical research in the laboratorythere.Charles J. Whitfield is now withthe Soil Conservation Service, Ralhart,Texas.ENGAGEDThomas William Keelin, ex C'26,to Estelle Dickinson of Memphis, Tenn.The wedding is planned for this comingspring.Joseph Pinkert, '29, to Clare Bloomberg. The wedding will take placeMarch 1.Helen Marie Gillet, '29, to RobertB. Parsons.John Theron Hollo way, '33, toCarolyn Uhlemann.Geraldine Manaster, '33, to JeromeL. Wenk, '30.Betty Seabury, ex '34, to Joseph W.Hibben.Myrtle Lohner, '35, to Rolland F.Hatfield, Jr., '35, AM'35.Harry Manning Nacey, Jr., exC'36, to Margery Preston. The wedding is scheduled for June.MARRIEDLuella L. Ebert, '24, to EdwardVoelz, November 28, 1935. Address:2235 School Street, Chicago.James T. Tselos, '26, AM'29, toBeatrice Pallister, June 11, 1935.Their address is 540 West 123rd Street,New York City.Thomas A. Cochran, ex C'32, toMargaret Talbot, January, 1936, NewYork City.Caroline McNair, ex '32, to Glen-don Gerlach, January 23, 1936, Chicago. At home after February 15 at2440 Lake View Avenue, Chicago.Sarah Moment, '32, to Dr. MorrisEigen, December 25, 1935. Address:447 Central Ave., Orange, N. J. Edwin Martin Duerbeck, '34AM'35, to Louise McCutchon, December 28, 1935, in Washington, D. CTheir home is at 1900 F Street, N. W.,VWashington, D. C.BORNTo Rob Roy MacGregor, '28, andMrs. MacGregor, a daughter, DawnMargaret, December 18, 1935, NewYork City.To Reuben Ratner, MD'28, andMrs. Ratner, a son, January 6, 1936,San Francisco, Calif.To Albert G. Dodd, AM'36, andMrs. Dodd, a daughter, last October,Chicago.DEATHSClarence N. Patterson, 79, DB'82,January 29, 1936, in Minneapolis. Hehad been superintendent of agents forthe Union Central Life for many yearsand treasurer of the Minnesota Association of Life Underwriters.David Willey Hulburt, DB'81,January 3, 1936, at his home in Wau-watosa, Wisconsin. The organizer andsuperintendent of the Universal Schoolof Biblical Education, he was fortwenty-five years superintendent of theBaptist work in Wisconsin.Henry Justin Smith, '98, managing editor of the Chicago Daily Newsand noted author, died of pneumonia,February 9, 1936, in Evanston, 111.Robert Bailey Davidson, DB'97, formany years pastor of the First BaptistChurch, of Ames, died in Ames, Iowa,last December, at the age of 83.J. Wendell Clark, MD'99, 58 yearsold, a specialist in diseases of the eye,ear, nose and throat, and the author ofseveral novels, died January 30, 1936,in his Chicago home.A. G. Stillhamer, ex G'05, professor of physics at Illinois WesleyanUniversity from 1907 to 1910, died February 6 at his home in Bloomington, 111.,at the age of 60.Harvey Edward Meagher, ex '09,formerly sales manager for Union Carbide Sales Company, died January 1,1936, New York City.John Frederic Catlin, AM' 11,DB'll, October, 1935, Des Moines,Iowa. General state Baptist Missionaryfor Iowa, he was a member of the IowaState Convention Board for 1933 to1937.H. Phillip Grossman, '12, JD'14,was shot and killed February 1, 1936, inhis Chicago office. He was vice president and treasurer of the Traders Investment Company.Martha Skinner, '24, (Mrs. PaulA. Kirkley), January 1, 1936, Chicago.For the past several years, Mrs. Kirkley had been a teacher in the ChicagoPublic schools and had devoted part ofher time to club activities and art circles.John Charles Bennett, MD'32,physician and surgeon specializing inobstetrics and gynecology, died December 10, 1935, Waterloo, Iowa.MASTER DE LUXE SEDAN {a Kl4MlO &ave monie^ -when gou can get all these good things at lowest cost• NEW PERFECTED HYDRAULIC BRAKES• IMPROVED GLIDING KNEE-ACTION RIDE*• SHOCKPROOF STEERING*• GENUINE FISHER NO DRAFT VENTILATION• SOLID STEEL one-piece TURRET TOP BODIES• HIGH-COMPRESSION VALVE-IN-HEAD ENGINE* Available in Master De Luxe modelsonly. 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