THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEJANUARY 19 3 6CHOOSE YOUR WINTER CRUISE CAREFULLY"^ ppLeads the Way"^"O matter when you're going-*- ^... no matter how long orhow short a time you can affordto be away ... no matter howmuch or how little you wish topay . . . there's a Furness tripfor you! You owe it to yourself to "go Furness" . . .. andenjoy magnificent shipboardsurroundings, a likable crowdof shipmates, and Furness traditions of service, cuisine and seamanship.JANUARYCRUISESonthe"QUEEN" ... For the first time— a special 8-day cruise to Nassauand Havana, $85 up, including privatebath, Jan. 6. A gala Triange Cruiseto Bermuda and Nassau, 7 days, $75up, including private bath, Jan. 16.To Bermuda and Havana, 9 days,$110 up — Jan. 23. Special entertainment features under expert CruiseDirectors, and ample time ashore.TO BERMUDA . . . Frequent sailings on the Monarch of Bermudaand Queen of Bermuda from NewYork direct to the dock at Hamilton. Round trip $50 up, includingprivate bath ($60 up, efr. Jan. 31).Also low all-expense trips of varying duration including private bathaboard ship and accommodations ata leading Bermuda hotel. Entertainment centers here in the $250,000'aance deck . . . or in the cosy cafes, sundecks or swimming pool.Bath or shower with every room . . . Thinltwice before you go on a cruise that hasn'tthis luxury feature.Ask yourTRAVEL AGENTor apply to Furness Bar-muda Line, 1 80 No. Michigan Ave., Chicago or 34Whitehall St. New York.THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEPUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCILCharlton T. Beck, '04Editor and Business ManagerFred B. Millett, PhD '31, John P. Howe, '27, John P. Barden, '35Contributing EditorsMilton E. Robinson, Jr., '11, JD '13, Louise Norton Swain, [09, AM '16, John J. McDonough, '28Council Committee on PublicationsTHIS issue has been delayed inorder that it might carry definiteannouncement of the MidwinterAlumni Assembly. For the sixth yearthe Council assures the Alumni a delectable dinner, an interesting andstimulating program, and an opportunity to meet old and new friendsof the Alumni family. As in the pastthis meeting is held, primarily, so thatthe Alumni may hear at first handfrom the President of the Universityabout the developments of the year.So much occurs on the quadranglesevery twelve months that it is difficult for the President to select fromsuch a wealth of material the specificthings in which the Alumni are mostconcerned. This year the Alumni willdetermine the subject matter of thePresident's address. The Council hasarranged for an Open Forum. Already, a dozen pertinent — and two orthree impertinent — questions havebeen submitted. It is the hope ofthe Council that time will allow forthe answering of many questions propounded on the night of the Assembly,but in order to be assured that yourown particular question will be answered, write it out and mail it tothe Alumni Secretary, University ofChicago, on or before February 10.More information regarding this Midwinter Dinner is given on the nextpage.In the fall of each year the President of the University makes his annual report to the Board of Trustees. N THIS ISSUEHarold A. Swenson teaches introductory courses in psychology andacts as adviser to college students. Aworld traveler, a stimulating speaker,his classes are full to overflowing andthe students who go to him for advice.are loud in their praises. When hegives a demonstration lecture on hypnotism, seats are at a premium.At the top of page one of the reportwe read "This document is for presentation to the Board of Trustees andthe Officers of the University only.It is not to be published." Despitethis pronouncement we bring you, inthis issue, a generous sampling of thereport. To be sure, we obtained permission to print and were gratefulto obtain it, for we know with what ^interest the Alumni will read President Hutchins' report on Academic For a third time in four years weFreedom. bring our readers an article by MaryLouise Foster. A member of the— ~ " Smith College department of chemistry, Miss Foster has spent muchTABLE OF CONTENTS time jn foreign work. She has taughtJANUARY, 1936 American laboratory methods to thePage women students of the University of_ 0 - -AnA Madrid, has traveled extensively inThe Board of Trustees and Aca- >. A .Ju-c uu * t\t rr,,,,/- „ Q South America and most recently hasdemic Freedom, Robert M. Hutchins 3 , £widened her sphere of travel as shownIphigenia in Tauris • • 5 jn Tfoe pen js Mightier Than theHypnosis Is As Real As Sleep, Har- Sword.old A. Swenson 6.The Pen Is Mightier Than theSword, Mary L. Foster 8 Of course, you remember MiltonT ¦.„ ,, _ T . Mayer and his Great Merger MysteryThe Law Said Mark Twain, Is An £ d Jn ^ M ine gomeAss, Milton S. Mayer HtWQ y^rs ago You will enjoy hisTry the Information Office, George brief contribution in this issue.David Livingstone 12 .In My Opinion 14^ nr „ -.r George D. Livingstone is on theAX.UKNI IN THE CO-BT. MAGAZINES . . 16 ^.^ ^ ^ ^^ J^.The Scarlet Letter, Howard W. Mori 16 cast;ng Company. Before acceptingNews of the Quadrangles 18 that position he had assisted the Di-„, rector of the Reynolds Club and hadThe Family Album • •. : 24 ^^ persQnally acquainted withAthletics 25 the manifold activities of the Univer-News of the Classes 28 sity's Information Office.— : Chicago, ~ , the University of Chicago Magazine.You are cordially invited to attendTHE SIXTH ANNUAL MIDWINTERALUMNI DINNER and OPEN FORUMPresident Hutchins will give his annual reporton the University and will answer questions.It is requested that as many of the questions as possible besubmitted in writing through the Alumni Office on orbefore February 1 5.•Highlights of the past football season will be shown in moving pictures.Presentation of the Alumni CouncilAward in recognition of exceptionalachievement in extra-curricularactivities.•There will be incidental music by thestrings, the woodwinds and the brasses.WEDNESDAY EVENING RED LACQUER ROOMFebruary 26, 1 936 The Palmer Houseat six o'clock State and MomroeReservations at $2 each may be made by mailing your check to: The Alumni CouncilsUniversity of Chicago. Alumni-in-law and friends will be welcome. Tables will be reserved for groups upon request. All reservations must be made before February 24.VOLUME XXVIII THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINE NUMBER 3JANUARY, 1936THE BOARD OF TRUSTEESAnd Academic FreedomLEGALLY the University is the Board of Trustees ;they are responsible for the selection of the staff;they determine their salaries and tenure, and control the institution in such detail as they wish. Theyhave greater powers than the directors of an ordinarycorporation; they are self -perpetuating, and there areno stockholders.The public concern with the University is shown byits incorporation under the laws of Illinois and the tax-exemption conferred upon it by the Legislature. It maybe suggested that the public regards the Board as itsrepresentative, with the duty of seeing to it that theUniversity is conducted in the public interest. This maybe urged particularly in regard to the teaching of veryyoung people; it may be said that the Board has a specialresponsibility to guarantee that the instruction at theselevels is the kind the community would like to have, orat least that it is not the kind that the community wouldnot like to have. In this view the Board has an obligation to keep the University in tune with the life of thecommunity, with its aspirations and ideals, and must exercise such supervision over education and research asto insure this result.Since the University is a corporation, and onespending millions of dollars a year, it is easy to think ofit as a business. If it is a business, there must be employers and employees, with the usual incidents of thatrelationship. In business an employer ordinarily wouldnot tolerate an employee with whom he seriously disagreed, or whom he heartily disliked, or who, he thought,was bringing the organization into disrepute. In thisview the Trustees are the employers of the faculty andhave the right, if not the duty, to discharge those whoin their judgment discredit or embarrass the University.In attempting to analyze functions in a universityit should be noted that a board of trustees is a uniqueAmerican organization. Since the Middle Ages theEuropean universities have been controlled directly bythe state, without the intervention of a board of any kind,and the British universities have been controlled by thefaculties. The universities of colonial America were notuniversities at all; they were professional schools, designed to train ministers for the churches which foundedthem. Some of the trustees of these institutions were • By ROBERT M. HUTCHINSteachers in them ; but they were all clergymen, who weredoubtless charged with the duty of making the educationgiven by the college conform to the wishes and needs ofthe denomination. Since the colonial period the majoruniversities have outgrown their original purpose andhave become institutions concerned with research, general education, and all varieties of professional training.The sole object of the Harvard of 1636 has become aminute fraction of its activities today.When we examine what the aims of the modernuniversity are and what the community's legitimate interest in it is, we see the various relationships in a university in a different and, I think, a clearer light. Themodern university aims to develop education and to advance knowledge. It is obvious that the freer it is themore likely it is to achieve these purposes. All the history of education shows the dangers of permitting publicopinion to determine the content of the course of study.In Europe until the current dictatorships the state hasrecognized this fact by granting the most complete freedom to the universities. All the history of scienceshows the fatal consequences of allowing popular prejudices to inhibit the search for truth. Although no modern university would decline to abide by the law, asmany medieval ones did, they would contend that theywill perform their greatest service to the community ifthey are left free to determine for themselves the contentof education and the direction of research.I should argue that society has thought it worthwhile to set apart men who are to search for knowledgeimpartially and to communicate it in the same spirit. Ithas thought it worthwhile to provide a haven for theindividual specially qualified to pursue the truth and toprotect him from the community, from influential citizens, and even from his colleagues. In this view a university is first of all a group of professors.If ideally a university is a group of professors, whatis a board of trustees ? A board of trustees is a body ofpublic spirited citizens who believe in the aims of theprofessors, namely, the development of education andthe advancement of knowledge. They have undertakento relieve them of two responsibilities they cannotcarry: the responsibility of managing their property andthe responsibility of interpreting them to and defending34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPresident Hutchinsthem from the public. They fix the salary scale in orderto make sure that the university's money is not squandered. They find out all about the faculty in order tointerpret them to the public. But they have renouncedfor all practical purposes any right to pass on theirqualifications to be professors. The faculty is not working for the trustees; the trustees are working for thefaculty. The analogy of business or what an employermay do in business is therefore inapplicable.The president of a university represents both thetrustees and the faculty. At Chicago this is made explicit by the practice of having the President nominatedby a joint committee. One of the president's duties toboth the faculty and the board is to act as chief interpreter of the University. One of his duties to thetrustees is to see to it that they have all the informationabout the University they will consume. Another is toprevent the faculty from wasting the university's funds.One of the president's duties to the faculty is to helpthe trustees so to understand the university that they will not be tempted to use their financial control to controlthe educational and scientific work of the university.How may the legitimate interest of the public beprotected if the trustees are not to regulate education?Professors are citizens and are affected by the customaryinfluences brought to bear by the community on members of it. They are, of course, subject to law. Thepresident is in a position to communicate to the facultythe state of public opinion, which in turn the trusteesare in a position to communicate to him. But it mustbe clear that if professors are to be guided by the prejudices of editors, bankers, lawyers, ministers, industrialists, politicians, or any other groups they cannothope to be professors or constitute a university in anyreal sense of those words. We must hold that, the community wants real professors in real universities andthat it has conferred upon them such privileges as arerequired to make its wishes effective1.It follows that a professor on permanent tenureshould not be removed unless he is incompetent or commits some illegal act. Whether he is competent is not aquestion the trustees or any other group of laymenwould wish to decide. Aside from their lack of acquaintance with many of the fields studied in the university, the trustees would not wish to establish a precedent which in the hands of their successors might be aninstrument of destroying that freedom of teaching andinquiry which is indispensable to a university. Only agroup of qualified scholars can determine whether a professor is competent.When the issue is the renewal of a temporary appointment it would be unfortunate if the teacher's political, social, economic, or religious views played any decisive role. In the past few years the Board has adopted apolicy of making all new appointments temporary. Thiswas done as a matter of financial discretion, to protectthe University from the possible consequences of the depression. If the University permits considerations otherthan competence to affect the continuation of temporaryappointees, the dangers of this policy are obvious. Aprofessor on temporary tenure may fail of reappointmentbecause he does not meet the requirements of the President of the University, the Dean of his Division orSchool, or the Chairman of his Department. Theseofficers should, however, limit their investigation to theprofessor's scholarly and teaching abilities and his personality as it affects their exercise, to his desirability incomparison with others qualified for the post, and to thefunds available for carrying on the work in his field.This amounts to saying that a professor on permanent or temporary tenure should not be removed or failof reappointment because of outside activities, assumingthey are not illegal and do not consume so much of histime as to render him incompetent to do his universitywork. Outside activities are as much protected by academic freedom as the actual business of teaching andresearch. If this were not so members of the facultycould be removed because a board of Protestants did notlike Catholics, or a board of Baptists did not like Christian Scientists, or one of Democrats did not care forRepublicans.1The Catholic parochial schools are wholly independent of public control. ;*,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 51 do not deny that professors under these circumstances may "embarrass" the University. Even if theysay, as they should, that they do not represent the University, the headlines they get usually originate in thefact that they are professors at The University of Chicago, and their title is never missing from newspaperaccounts of their doings. This occasional "embarrassment" is part of the price that must be paid if the University is to be a great university, or indeed a universityat all.When a professor is accused of being "indiscreet,""unwise," or "foolish" in his off-campus activities, wemay first ask ourselves how we know that he is. Mostof the witnesses against the University, seemed to confuse nationalism and patriotism. They felt that anybodywho could advocate free trade or even world peace mustbe unpatriotic. To hold that a professor embarrassedthe University if he took an "internationalist" as againsta "nationalist" position would debar from our facultyevery orthodox economist in the country.But assuming a case where the President, theTrustees, and the Faculty all agreed that a professor hadembarrassed the University, what then? If he were acompetent teacher and scholar on permanent tenure, heshould not be removed. If he were a competent teacherand scholar, on temporary appointment, if the fundswere available for his work, if there were no man asgood to take his position, he should not fail of reappointment.Although a professor in the case assumed shouldnot be removed, it does not follow that he would notfeel the consequences of his actions. He would be admonished by the chairman of his department. Hewould be subjected to the criticism of his colleagues.His professional standing and professional future would be seriously affected. These pressures a group of professors know very well how to apply, and they applythem constantly.These are the consequences of regarding a universityas a group of professors rather than a legal person, apublic utility, or a business corporation. I have nohesitation in saying that the more a university approaches this definition the greater it will be. In a stateuniversity the exigencies of politics make the attainmentof this ideal difficult, if not impossible. The Universityof Chicago suffers under no such handicaps. It is admirably situated to continue the demonstration thatbegan with its foundation, the demonstration of whata university should be.If we examine the recent charges against the University in the light of these principles we see that if theyhad been proved they might have gone far to convincea group of qualified scholars that some of our professorswere incompetent. The allegation was that we wereconducting propaganda in the classroom. Propaganda isnot teaching, and we should certainly feel that a professor who indulged in it had given evidence that he didnot belong in the University2.I cannot conclude this part of my report withoutrecording my gratitude to the Board for its courageoussupport of the Faculty and the Administration duringthe unpleasant period of the investigation. The Trusteeshave helped the University grow to greatness by theirintelligent and far-sighted view of the nature andpurposes of the institution. Their conduct in recentmonths reveals again their devotion to the welfare ofthe University.2It will be noted that the difference between the expression of apersonal opinion on the one hand and propaganda or "indoctrination"on the other may not be very clear. Even Senator Baker, in his 1935bill, would permit the teacher to express his personal opinion.IPHIGENIA IN TAURISON February 7 and 8 the house lights of MandelHall will dim, and expectant eyes and ears willbe turned toward the orchestra pit. The conductor will raise his stick, and the overture will begin.Shortly the curtains will part, and Mary Ann Kaufman,a votary of Diana, surrounded by Diana's priestesses,will implore the gods to stop the awful thunderstorm.The third annual opera of the University of ChicagoOpera Association is Iphigenia in Tauris, by ChristophWillibald von Gluck. Like Xerxes and Dido andAeneas, the two previous products, Iphigenia is a greatoperatic classic known in many corners of the world, butunknown to the musical public of Chicago. The artisticsuccess and the sell-out crowds of last year's Xerxeslend an air of confidence to this year's preparations incontrast to the frenzy of last-minute preparation lastFebruary. The performance has been projected formany months; cast, stage designers, chorus and ballethave been at work since the opening of school in October. Only the delay of the New York customs house in releasing the orchestral parts caused a two-week postponement from the original January date; the technicaldetails of the performance have been planned with theforesight which has grown out of two years of experience.Since the University of Chicago is not equipped tocompete with professional opera-giving institutions, thephilosophy underlying this project may be obscure. Itis not, really. Students who like to sing and act anddance are given an opportunity to participate in a production of an artistic and historical importance worthy ofthe name of the University. At the same time the University plays host to the city in presenting great worksof dramatic music which commercial operatic organizations do not care to risk because they do not pay aswell at the box-office as Aida and Carmen.The performances are staged and managed by students in the University. Obviously, however, the designing of adequate sets and costumes, and the singingof difficult principal roles are matters beyond the reach{Continued on Page 27)HYPNOSIS IS AS REALAs Sleep• By HAROLD A. SWENSON, PhD'3 1 , Assistant Professor of PsychologyONE afternoon, not so long ago, a man came intomy office and asked to be hypnotized. He wasabout thirty years old, powerfully built, in thebest of health and apparently in his right mind. So Iaccommodated him. In less time than it takes to tellit, he had forgotten the joys and sorrows of this worldand was snoring swreetly. Well — loudly, anyway. Soloudly, in fact, that one of our very efficient secretariesfelt compelled to leave her work in the outer Office ofthe Dean of Students to investigate the disturbance.She saw a man sitting at a desk, breathing heavily, hiseyes closed, apparently asleep.But our guest of the afternoon was by no meansasleep. When I talked to him, he answered me. Whenit was suggested that he was unable to open his eyes orto pull his clasped hands apart, he failed to do eitherin spite of a desperate effort. He held his left armextended for more than twenty minutes with no apparent sign of fatigue. Fatigue has its psychological aswell as its physiological side. It is surprising how quicklythat tired feeling vanishes on receiving an unexpectedinvitation to some affair that promises a great deal ininterest or pleasure.The hypnotized subject, at his own suggestion previously made, was given a strong post-hypnotic suggestion. He was told that at any time he liked he might foldhis hands, count slowly to ten, and by the count often he would have fallen into a profound sleep. A fewminutes later, when he was now awake, the suggestionwas repeated, for he could recall nothing at all of whathad gone on in the hypnotized state. He folded hishands. He began to count. By the time he had reachedseven his speech was little more than a mumble. Hislips continued to move, but made no sound. He wasonce more deeply hypnotized.I saw him a number of times after that; and oneday he told me that on one occasion he had put himself to sleep and had attended some social function. Hisfriends told him later that he had been "the life of theparty." He said he finally went home, woke himselfup, and went to sleep — right. The next day the wholeexperience was like a dream he couldn't quite recall.The deeper stages of hypnosis are characterized bythis type of forgetting, or amnesia. But the phenomenonis by no means confined to hypnosis alone. Things experienced in one state of consciousness are usually difficult or impossible to recall in another. Dreams havea way of rapidly slipping away and eluding recall whenone awakes. Often we know that we have been dreaming, but we can't recall about what until just on theverge of falling asleep again ; and then the dream oftenreturns to us and carries on. A too frequent hoistingof the stein has been known to produce similar effects.The point was amusingly illustrated in one of Charlie Chaplin's pictures, City Lights, wherein one of the characters, when drunk, recognized and apparently was veryfond of Chaplin ; but, when sober, didn't know him andwould have nothing to do with him. In cases of dualor multiple personality, the same sort of thing often obtains. When the subject is the A personality, for example, he may know nothing at all about himself as theB or C personality. In hypnosis, however, if it is suggested that the subject will recall the various events ofthe trance state on awakening, he will be able to do so.If no such suggestion is made, the subject will be ableto recall such events only if re-hypnotized. This appliesonly to those cases where a deep trance has been induced.In the lighter stages, partial or complete recall is the rule.It is a curious fact that the same mind that readilyaccepts the anaesthetic effect of ether as an observableand scientific fact often finds difficulty in accepting theequally observable and scientific fact of hypnosis. Tothe man on the street, there is something weird, unreal,uncanny, something almost supernatural about it. Orhe just refuses to believe it, because "ther' jist ain't nosich animule." But what about sleep? Can he understandit or define it? Hypnosis is as real and genuine a phenomenon as sleep— and quite as difficult to explain.Sleep, too, presents a thousand unsolved problems. Weworry, wonder, reason, dream, laugh, cry, talk and sometimes walk in our sleep. One man got up in the middle of the night and drove his car fifty miles to Dayton,Ohio, in his sleep! Police found him in the morning,still asleep at the wheel of his car and still in his nightshirt. He had not forgotten to put on his hat, however.Hypnosis has had a long history, though not underthat name. It was practiced by the ancient Egyptians,some four thousand years ago, by the ancient Greeks,Romans and East Indian fakirs. At one time, beforethe advent of Christianity, it was thought to be of divineorigin. But with the rise of Christianity it was demoted tothe lowly status of the work of the devil. The word hypnosis is derived from the Greek word "hypnos," whichmeans sleep. But the hypnotized person is not a sleepingperson. Many phenomena may be produced in him thatare impossible in the normal sleeping individual.In the year 1766 a Viennese physician by the nameof Friedrich Mesmer began to use mineral magnetismas a cure for various diseases. He was particularly successful in treating functional disorders. He noted thatby placing magnets on the body of a patient he was oftenable to cause certain hysterical symptoms to disappear.He further noted that if the patient touched any objectwhich he had touched in the patient's presence, the sameeffect was secured. This led Mesmer to the false conclusion that a physical fluid, more subtle than ether,emanated from his own body to that of the patient withcurative effect. He called it "animal magnetism."6THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 7Two years later Mesmer went to Paris and thereannounced his wonderful discovery. His many curesbrought him into the limelight and, incidentally, intothe money as well — he made a fortune in a very shorttime. Business was so good, in fact, that he couldn'thandle it unaided. So he built his famous baquet, ortub, which, having been "magnetized" by him, in turnmagnetized and usually cured the hysterical patients whotook hold of the long handles that led out from the curious contraption. When, however, he refused to revealhis secret for an annual pension of about $4,000 (buthow could he, since he didn't know it himself?) the professional world turned against him. Years later (1840)the Academy of Science in Paris was to place a formalban on the whole subject.When Benjamin Franklin was Ambassador toFrance, he was invited to sit in on an official investigation of the methods of Mesmer. Because of a slightillness Franklin could not leave his home. Wishing todo him honor, for he was much beloved in France, thecommittee decided to come to Franklin. So, in accordance with the new arrangements, Mesmer "magnetized*'one of the trees in the back yard of Franklin's home inParis. When the patients arrived, they all went to thewrong tree. But, strange to say, many of them werecured. The committee decided against Mesmer, missingthe most significant thing about the whole matter — theyoverlooked the important fact that the patients werecured ! Something had happened to those patients. Obviously, "animal magnetism" had nothing to do with it.But what, then, had cured them?It was left to Braid, a noted English surgeon, tosuggest the real nature of the hypnotic phenomena. Braid,who had been much impressed by the exhibitions of atraveling Mesmerist, "put his wife to sleep" by merelyhaving her gaze fixedly at the glass stopper in a waterbottle. This convinced him that the phenomenon wassubjective, a matter of suggestion, and had nothing whatever to do with magnetism as the Mesmerists claimed.So Braid championed the "animists" as opposed to the"fluidists," as Mesmer's followers were sometimes called.But Braid's work was not accepted by science —that is, not by "respectable" science — though, with Es-daile, he did remarkable work in India, performing overthree hundred major operations and several thousandminor ones, using hypnosis as an anaesthetic. Enormousscrotal tumors, -sometimes weighing more than the patient himself, were removed without pain and withoutfatal results. Babies have been born, painlessly andwith no after pains, the mother being under hypnoticinfluence. During the first half of the nineteenth century, birth notices in the newspapers were sometimesfollowed by the statement : "painlessly during mesmerictrance." The discovery of ether and chloroform as anesthetics (1846-47) has been largely responsible for thedecline in the use of hypnosis for that purpose, thoughoccasionally we read of its use in various kinds of operations even today.With the work of Richet and Charcot in Paris, theban on hypnosis was lifted and articles began to appearon the subject in an authoritative physiological journal.Bernheim of Nancy was also an important factor and his controversy with Charcot on the nature of hypnosishas persisted down to the present day. Charcot definedhypnosis as an artificially produced neurosis — a phenomenon of hysteria. Bernheim defined it in psychological terms as a condition of increased suggestibility.The latter view is the one commonly accepted today.However, Professor Hull of Yale has defined it as essentially a phenomenon of restricted attention with resulting hyper-suggestibility. In my opinion it is thisview which best fits the facts.Consider the factor of restricted attention. Stareinto a crystal ball (if you can find one) and think ofnothing except that you are going to sleep, and youwill soon float off into a dreamless sleep which is notsleep. Restrict your attention, in the same way, as youfixate the dancing flames in a fireplace; the result willbe the same. Perhaps you, too, have felt the insidious,fascinating, hypnotic influence of the moon. If not,just skip it. But herein lies as much truth as poetry —well, almost as much, anyway. The ancients noted itand had a word for its supposed victims. The wordwas lunatic, from the Latin luna, and meant that thefellow got that way from too much moon-gazing. Moonshine is dangerous — no matter how you take it. It matters not at all, however, what the object of fixation is,so long as the rules are observed. It is easier to concentrate on a bright object, that is all. Some operatorsuse fancy hypnoscopes, others a crystal ball, or a silverball on a stick. Rasputin used his watch. The point ofa pencil will do. But, again, the rules must be observed. And that is why it is practically impossibleto hypnotize a very young child, an insane person, oran idiot. They lack the ability of sustained concentration. Attention normally wanders; it doesn't stay put.It analyzes and synthesizes when given free rein. Restrict it to one thing too long, and it is difficult to getthe normal associative processes in motion again. Stareat a word too long and it loses all meaning. Just inpassing — that little game of word-staring helped methrough many a long sermon in my childhood.As for the factor of suggestibility, it is commonknowledge that we are all more or less suggestible. Weyawn when others yawn (we say it is "catching") ;we beat time to snappy music; we applaud when othersapplaud ; we whistle when others whistle (much to theirannoyance) ; when a young girl is told she is blushing,it usually follows that blush she does; and when weare told we are looking pale and ill, we begin to feel alittle sick. Examples are legion. Coue's philosophy,"Every day in every way, etc.," is based on a soundpsychological principle. Suggestion is the uncritical acceptance of an idea. And ideas are tremendously powerful processes. They make you or break you. Believe thatyou can't walk a plank that is stretched between thetwentieth stories of two skyscrapers (you could do it,you know, if the plank were on the ground) ; believethat you can't pull your clasped hands apart, as did ourhypnotized subject; believe that you can't chin yourself any more — and it's a dead certainty that you can'tdo it. Note, then, that "imagination" is stronger than"will" in everyday waking life. And so it is in hypnosis— only more so.THE PEN IS MIGHTIERThan the SwordTHE changes wrought by education and peacefulnegotiation combined with sympathetic understanding are being given practical demonstration insome of the countries about the Mediterranean. Thesuccess in changing age-old conditions to modern conditions in keeping with the new points-of-view is visibleevidence of the power of adaptation of these peoples, provided only they be won through their intelligence andnot conquered by force. Education has been the instrument used in Spain, while in Egypt peaceful negotiationand helpful advice have been the modernizing agents.It was a lovely Sunday morning in early May, 1934,in Madrid. The sky was very blue, the atmosphere crystal clear, and the trees all ashine in their new greenleaves. In the Paseo del Recoletos flags were flying andthe police and the Guardia civil were out in force, although apparently unnecessary in that quiet expectantcrowd. For crowd there was, largely men and youngpeople, standing silently in front of the Biblioteca Na-cional. Evidently, one of those fiestas, beloved of Spaniards, was due, for down the Paseo, or Promenade, couldbe seen booths, flying banners, and huge trumpets forbroadcasting, all the paraphernalia of a Fair. But couldit be, a Fair, in that part of Madrid where were the elegant palaces of the rich and great ? Impossible ! Nevertheless, the impossible was becoming real and possible inthis country of new and startling reactions."A people is not strong on account of its militarypreparedness, nor by its arsenals, nor by its arms," saidSenor Don Ricardo Samper, Government Chief in hisspeech in the Biblioteca Nacional that morning, "but byits books, the supreme exposition of its culture and ofits progress. Today's fiesta is essentially republican. Itis the Festival of Learning we are celebrating today.The thoughts of historians, poets, novelists, and dramatists, all are striving for expression in these books wehave just seen. It is the soul of Spain that breathes inthem." And the Republican Government of Spain declared open the "Feria del Libro," the Book Fair.During the centuries, various ways have been resorted to for the distribution of books, ways to makethem desirable and available to the Public — we are all • By MARY LOUISE FOSTER, PhD '14familiar with modern methods of selling, advertising,and of forming Book clubs — but it has remained for theRepublic of Spain to develop this new way of stimulatingits people to read and study. This is the second yearin which it has organized a Book Fair. It has twice asmany stands as last year, extending from the Plaza deCibeles to the Biblioteca Nacional, a distance of perhaps a quarter of a mile. The location is comparable toCommonwealth Avenue in Boston near the Public Garden, but the Paseo is twice as broad with two promenades and three drives.The organizing committee consisting of the Government Chief, his Ministers, the Mayor of Madrid, representatives from other Departments of City and State,and some citizens, selected, from designs offered in competition, a severe modern type of bookcase for the stands.These were painted in graduated shades of violet foreach section. On the shelves books of every description,almost without exception bound in paper, on every subject, were offered for sale at reduced rates. There wereno advertisements of the usual type, but hanging on thetrees amid banners were discs bearing quotations. Thefirst one that I saw was one from James Russell Lowell :"The greatest gift of God to man is the book." On another tree hung a legend from Cicero: "Books are thenourishment of youth and the enjoyment of age." Stillanother quotation from another of our men, John Fiske :"Study as if you were to live forever, and live as if youwere to die tomorrow."The Feria lasted ten days during which the Paseo wascrowded with all sorts and conditions of men. Almosteverybody bought a book, unsolicited and after leisurelyexamination. Music and lectures were broadcast, somefor grown-ups, others for children. Later statistics reported that the largest number of books bought were oneconomic and social subjects, those especially i concernedwith the political and religious problems of the day.Over two hundred thousand pesetas were taken in, ofwhich seven thousand came from Government whichbought books to be sent to small villages and travellinglibraries, another method adopted by the Government toeducate its people.Avenue of Sphinxes Egyptian Woman8 The SaqiyaTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 9The Government of the Republic is not the onlyactive agent in this education propaganda. Bands ofyoung men and women from the Residencias, those modern halls for residence and study and recitation connected with the University — for the last two years havebeen going to the villages remote from town and cityand giving little plays, concerts, organizing games andleaving behind them a small selected library. They return from time to time to change the books and renewenthusiasm. It is a form of that early Settlement movement which existed in England some forty or fifty yearsago. Sehor Don Manuel Cossio, the lifelong friend andassociate of Don Francisco Giner de los Rios,* is thepromoter of the movement. The greatest encouragementfor a continuation of the work is felt by all.Egypt is another Mediterranean country where thespread of western standards is modernizing a countrywhich already, in its recorded history of more than fivethousand years has passed through many, many changes.The peaceful negotiation of the English, combined withpatient effort to attain to a sympathetic understandinghas wrought the most wonderful results. Of course, thereis a very strong nationalistic feeling, but nevertheless,adjustment is accomplished. The basis of the changeseems to be educational, democratic, and industrial. Thecatalyst, to use a chemical term, is English influence.Everywhere this is evident. In Cairo and the other largecities, schools, roads, houses, and amusements are quitelike our own. While a few tall factory chimneys areto be seen, Egypt is still largely agricultural. The increased water supply has extended enormously the acreage under cultivation and has made possible greatervariation in crops. While the fellaheen, the peasants, allof whom are farmers, still live in their sun-baked brickhouses on a paltry wage, they are responding to the newspirit of a more democratic government and are beginning to exert their power.Here, as in Spain, education is at the bottom ofthe changed point-of-view. While the English have almost no schools in Cairo, the teachers of the Governmentschools have been educated for the most part in Englandand the language in the class-rooms is very often English. For example, the Shoubra Secondary School forboys in Cairo was formerly the palace of one of theprinces. Now, with laboratories, libraries, athletic field,and studios, under the direction of an able man educatedin England and married to a young woman educated inthe American Mission College for Girls, one thousandboys are being prepared along liberal lines for the Egyptian University, or for the Medical School.The same sort of thing is going on in the Government schools for girls. One young Egyptian womanwho is directing the training school for the blind spenttwo years at the Perkins Institute for the Blind in Boston. She had her preliminary education in the American Mission College for Girls, an educational institutewhich has had a very great influence on the lives ofthe young women of Egypt. More work has been donein Egypt for education by the Americans than by theEnglish. The object of the latter in Egypt was economic and it was contrary to their theories of honor to•See my article, "Triumph of Education in Spain," U. of C. Magazine, July, 1931. In the palm trees of ancient Memphis sits the beautifulalabaster sphinxincrease their prestige by propaganda. The memoirs ofLord Cromer and of Lord Lloyd reveal that their methodwas one rather of sympathetic understanding and persuasion of the governing bodies. The excellent resultis evident in the quiet influence, all making for orderand industrial well-being. It may be further seen bythe behavior of the students of El-Azhar, the great Moslem university, in the demands of the students this pastyear for a more liberal curriculum. The old methodsof exclusive study of the Koran prevail there today asthey did many centuries ago. This is valuable trainingfor the preservation of the Arabic language in its purity,but it prepares only for a limited, restricted livelihood,and not at all for Government positions, the "whitecollar jobs" of Egypt.Outside of this absorbingly interesting westernization of Egypt today is, of course, the life of ancientEgypt, as preserved in the pyramids, the temples, andtombs. The Sphinx appears in various guises and places :in the palm trees of ancient Memphis sits the beautifulalabaster sphinx ; there is the Sphinx of the Gizah pyramids, the sphinx par excellence to the tourist world;and then there are the avenues of Sphinxes which lineeither side of the avenue which led in ancient times fromthe temple of Karnac, in Luxor, Upper Egypt, to theNile, by which water route the sacred processions wentto the temple of Luxor some distance away.Archaeologists from our universities are at workdeciphering the writings on the walls of the temples andtombs and revealing to us an advanced development in10 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe arts and crafts. This is being studied by membersand staff of the Oriental Institute with headquarters inChicago House, a model of all that is excellent in ourAmerican life, and which cannot but have a strong influence in the next generation. Dr. Nelson brought heresome of the methods that he had learned in the AmericanUniversity of Beirut, perhaps the earliest of Americaninstitutes in the Near East. Graduates of these American Universities come here later to study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and in our universities.It was from this American University of Beirut, I amtold, that the first recruits for the Government officeswere taken, because they spoke English, when the English undertook the reconstruction of Egyptian financessome forty or fifty years ago. Now the Egyptians themselves hold these "jobs" and the Syrians of the American University of Beirut are going to Irak where arethe great oil concessions.The dam at Assuan and the barage at the RosettaRiver are visible evidence of English activity for promotion of Egyptian well-fare. They still have work tooccupy them some fifty years making canals for irrigation, improving the water supply in the small places where filtration and chlorination have not yet come asthey have in the water supply of Cairo. They still usein Upper Egypt the Shaduj and the SCiqiya, to raise thewater from the river.Such are, in brief, the accomplishments due topeaceful co-operation. In Egypt, as in Spain, educationin the western, Anglo-Saxon sense, has been the forcewhich has given momentum to the modern movement.Naturally, at one extreme, are the conservatives holdingfast to a non-change policy; at the other extreme arethe syndicalist, socialist, and communist individuals whohold views of far-reaching economic change. Betweenthese we find the mass of people who love peace and thebenefits to industrial success which come from education.This is the group which has accomplished and will continue to accomplish economic reform by and with sympathetic co-operation. The cause of general educationhad birth in both countries before the' World War andit stands now as the splendid and noble example. Selfishaggression supported by guns and bombs may destroytemporarily a country's material advantages, but it cannot conquer the spiritual values created and developedbv liberal and modern scientific education.The Prince of Wales at the University in October, 1924The newly proclaimed King Edward VIII shown with President Burton and Dr. Frank Billings as he shed his dignity and munched a doughnuton the steps of Harper Memorial Library.THE LAW, SAID MARK TWAIN,Is An AssIT ill becomes a newspaperman, "swelling around withholes in his pants," as one of the brothers once putit, to look down his nose at any profession. Afterall, you have to go a long way to find a racket as debasedas journalism ; but when you have gone a long way youfind the law.The law and the newspaper business have something significant in common. Each has something magical about it — something that awes people who makean honest living. Your honest man, being a muttonhead,looks upon every newspaperman as an oracle, and everylawyer as a judge. Meeting a reporter who chases fires,he will ask whether it is true that the League is simplyEngland's pawn. Meeting a lawyer who chases ambulances, he will ask whether the New Deal is a menaceto our God-given liberties. And he always gets a pontifical answer, and goes away thinking he knows something that he didn't know before. The answer is usuallywrong, or, if it is right, your honest man could haveguessed it himself.It would be unpatriotic, at a time like this, whenour President is trying to put men to work, to tell thepublic the truth and throw all the lawyers and journalists out into the street. But it will not be taken amiss,just among us friends, if a journalist declares his admiration for the way the lawyers get by with it.A year or so ago the Illinois Supreme Court decided that all the people in the penitentiaries were thereby mistake because the names of the grand jurymen hadbeen drawn from a fedora instead of a derby as prescribedby the constitution. The newspapers reported that theprison gates would swing wide open within thirty-sixhours and there would issue forth all the innocent murderers, rapists, and kidnapers who were so fortunate asto miss hanging or electrocution, whichever they missin this state. The public would be hard put, of course,to make amends to all the innocent murderers who hadbeen hanged or electrocuted, but the suggestion wasmade that their heirs and assigns who weren't alreadyholding public office be given honorary memberships inthe U. S. Senate.I left the state the same day, figuring that any placeelse would be a better place to be for a while. I don'trecall just how it was ironed out, but on my last visit toStateville I found several of my boyhood friends still incarcerated, and they told me that the place was full andthe doors locked. I suppose the Supreme Court reverseditself after reading the newspapers.Now, that piece of business was the work of someeminent counsel who couldn't find any other way to provetheir clients innocent. And what is more, these eminent*An article from The Chicago Bar Record for December,1935, reprinted by courtesy of its editor. • By MILTON S. MAYER, '29counsel had the law on their side, unless I read my constitution wrong.Then there is another nice point which was raisedin behalf of the injured innocence of the Touhys and the"Insulls. After arguing that the Touhys had not kip-naped Jake Factor and the Insulls had not sold anythingbut the best stock that money could buy, eminent counsel for the defense proclaimed in open court that if nothing else proved the innocence of the accused no one coulddeny that the Criminal Court Building was located outside the constitutional limits of Cook County.I thought at the time that it would be a good ideato establish the innocence of the accused on that point,since the subsequent discussion might bring to light abiographical note or two on Tony Cermak. The pointwas ignored in the Touhy case, however, and, as oneand all know, the innocence of the Insulls was establishedby twelve of the Insulls' peers. Nevertheless, eminentcounsel had the law on their side; the Criminal CourtBuilding is outside the constitutional limits of the county.One of these days the Supreme Court will hold that allthe murderers convicted on California Avenue were innocent, and the prison gates will swing open, and theinnocent murderers issue forth.More recently I recall the Zenge and Sweitzercases. Eminent counsel in the Zenge case argued thattheir client didn't do it, that if he did it he didn't do it inIllinois, and if he did it in Illinois he was crazy whenhe did it. Eminent counsel in the Sweitzer case arguedthat their client didn't mislay the money, that if he didmislay it he was only doing what his predecessors haddone, and if he mislaid more than his predecessors hadmislaid, it didn't make any difference anyway, since themoney belonged to "tax sharks" and "tax vultures."These alternatives, any and/or all of them establishing the innocence of the accused, saved Zenge from ahard-earned session with Old Smoky, sometimes knownas the Hot Seat. These interesting, and strictly legal,arguments also saved Sweitzer from a spell in the dungeon.Such instances illustrating the uses to which thelaw may be put are piled high in my memory, and mymemory is short. I do not want to seem to take specialumbrage at defense lawyers, for my sympathies are everwith the underdog and some of my best friends are convicts. I simply thought I would take this occasion, having been invited to do so, to point to a few of the finermanoeuvres that contribute to the perpetuation of a greatprofession. I am not even complaining because lawyerseat caviar while newspapermen have to live on gin. I amtaking my hat off to you gentlemen. Mark Twain waswrong, even though this is his centennial; the law is awonder.11TRY THE INFORMATION OFFICE• By GEORGE DAVID LIVINGSTONE, "34THERE are times when a man,no matter who he is, wants tothrow up his hands in righteousamazement and exclaim, "Goodheavens, what next!"I looked up from my desk the otherday and drew back with a gasp —there stood two genuine BlackfeetIndians in full feathers and buckskinregalia. If one of them had suddenlystepped up and hit me over the headwith a tomahawk, I could not havebeen any more stunned, ensconced asI was in the very heart and center ofcivilization. "I want you to meet twofriends of mine," explained Mr.Hoeppner, genial manager of the Information Office who was smilinglyescorting them around, "they're goodscouts" — and so they proved, but thepoint is that this Mr. Hoeppner ofthe class of 1923 is forever associating himself with the unexpected.Last summer when the UniversitySettlement successfully sponsored theGilbert and Sullivan operetta, "TheMikado," in Mandel Hall, I fully expected Impresario Hoeppner to pophis head around the corner with aqueue and an oriental slant to his eyebrows. Instead he showed up with abarrage of Japanese parasols and literally showered the corridor withthem until they were hanging fromevery chandelier in the place andevery exposed jutting in the ceiling,but they proved to be just the effectneeded.The versatility of the man is whatpleases you. He is everything frominterior decorator to publicity agent,and unlike the Jack of all trades inthe old saw, he is master of them all.Mr. Hoeppner's personality is one ofthe reasons why you are hearing moreand more on the campus the advice:"Try the Information Office." Upona little investigation I found that morethan 4,000 persons were calling onthis question and answer departmentof the University every week; thatabout 2,000 more were calling bytelephone — a total over 6,000 at therate of one every thirty seconds, theequivalent of the total number of students registered this quarter.These figures are approximationsof course, but they are substantiatedby all the known checks. There isthe actual count kept by the Bursar's Office, located in the same wing ofthe Press Building, of the personsentering their offices. It is estimatedthat the Bursar's Office receivesabout one in every three persons whoenter there, the others dividing between Faculty Exchange and the Information Office in the proportion ofone to two. During the year 1934-35,the business of 154,689 personsbrought them to the Bursar's Office,an average of 2,974 weekly.There is also, according to theMailing Department, the accuratefigure of 23,787 as the number ofUniversity Announcements and Catalogues the Information Office dispenses yearly. For the most part,this three-odd tons of paper is handedover the Information Office desk, toat least five hundred persons a week.Add to this the hundred who call forEditor Mort's Tower Topics; fivehundred who call for various tickets ;one hundred and fifty who call forlost and found reasons ; another thousand who call to make use of thedirectories, Western Union, andtransportation facilities; a few hundred for signs or to study the bulletinboard and for miscellaneous purposes,and still another thousand who callstrictly for information, and our estimate for the week of 4,000 personschanges in appearance from overstatement to obvious fact.These are amazing figures, butthere is the explanation for them inthe case of a typical student whocomes to the University for the firsttime. Meeting a seasoned studentwith his questions, he soon has theprescription, involved with appropri ate directions, "Try the InformationOffice."At the Information Office he getshis room key, and arranges at thesame time to have his luggage broughtup from the station. Enquiring inwhat buildings his classes will meet,he is, with explanations, given a timeschedule. A bit more settled afterthe first week of classes, he turns upagain to ask a professor's office hours.Glancing up at the Information Officebulletin board, he writes down theannouncement of a public lecture hewishes to hear. In a few days he isback again, this time interested infootball tickets. He is introduced tothe C. Book. When he is told thathe can buy $25 worth of football andbasketball tickets for $5, he is gladof the saving, and without furthereffort and inconvenience signs for theC. Book He loses his brief case ofbooks in one of his class rooms, andgoes to the Information Office without being told. Fortunately, his briefcase of books has been found. He isdelighted. Henceforth, whenever hehas occasion to pass the Press Building, he remembers some need thattakes him to the Information Officedesk. If he wishes to subscribe to acampus publication, post a sign onthe bulletin board, or secure ticketsfor a Symphony Concert, a downtowntheatre, or a Dramatic Associationplay, he goes to the InformationOffice. Christmas arrives, and it isnot surprising that he should thinkto buy his railroad ticket homethrough the John Stock Travel Bureau at the Information Office ata reduced student's rate. Alwaysthoughtful, especially at Christmas,he wires mother and dad, collect,when to expect him, by merely turning to the Information office WesternUnion desk.If you stood before any of the University's forty-four bulletin boards atthe present time, you would probablysee a three-color poster with thewords, "at your service," lettered inscript across the top. It is a posterannouncing that the "University Information Office," located at the"Press Building, 5758 Ellis Avenue,"has a "lost and found department,faculty register, student address files,baggage agency, John Stock's com-12THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 13plete travel service, Western Union,and in addition is equipped to givequadrangle and city information."Between five and seven thousanddollars worth of articles are lost everyyear on the quadrangles. The Information Office serves as a centralclearance for the lost and found.There are at least twenty requests aday for lost articles, amounting to6,000 a year for about half as manyitems. A typical list of the lost andfound for any month includes books,notebooks, topcoats, raincoats, glasses,men's and women's gloves, hats,rings, compacts, check books, rubbers,brief cases, tobacco pouches, keys,pens, pencils, wallets, purses, scarfs,and umbrellas. A list of unclaimedarticles is posted on the bulletinboards every month. The owner mayclaim any lost article upon properidentification.The most valuable article to find itsowner through the lost and found department was a fur coat lost last winter, and found in one of the classrooms of Harper. It was valued at$500. The largest sum of money wasfound in a wallet, inadvertentlyscuffed by a thousand passing feetbefore it was picked up and broughtto the Information Office. It contained ninety dollars. The moneywas eventually returned to the owner,a student who could certainly nothave afforded to lose it.When a lost article comes to theInformation Office, the finder is givena number corresponding to a numberplaced on a filing card identifying anddescribing the article. If small, suchas jewelry, it is kept in a strong boxat the desk, if more bulky, such asclothing, it is wrapped and stored.If the article is not called for at theend of a month, the classificationcard is transferred to a box that contains a record of the articles unclaimed for more than a month. Atthe end of a reasonable length oftime, if no claimant appears, thefinder may have the article, or at hisrequest it is sent to the UniversitySettlement.^Qg^QDmk -co V tfljp^ii minimi Airn©iNi @m&£ The faculty register * and the student files are self explanatory, butnot everyone knows that the Information Office operates a room key service as large as some hotels. Thereare 556 residents of the dormitorieson the main quadrangles who gettheir keys here.Another service that most peopleexpress surprise over when they hearabout it for the first time is the Information Office messenger service.Once the service is known, it is usedoften. A package can be sent bymessenger to any part of the quadrangles, and through Western Union,for a minimum charge, to any part ofthe city. Last year fifteen hundredpersons made use of this accommodation.Baggage transfer facilities are atthe call of the student and two thousand trunks and twenty-five hundredexpress packages are handled annually. The amount of transportation sold each year by the Travelservice would take you one hundredand ten times across the country.If there is a lecture on the campus,or any form of activity that requiresadmission tickets, you may be sureyou can obtain them at the Information Office. The vast volume of thebusiness in tickets can only be appreciated when it is known that lastyear the Information Office gave out5,000 tickets to the Moody Lectureseries alone. You may secure notonly the tickets for affairs on thequadrangles, but also for downtowntheatres and concerts.You may find yourself in a situation one of these days that will require some facts about your University. Although you may neverhave occasion to ask, as one OhioState Band boy did after watchingJay Berwanger elude seven tacklersand run eighty-five yards for a touchdown, whether that Chicago gridironphenomenon is part antelope, youmay wish to know how many studentsyour Alma Mater enrolled this quarter, or how many cubic feet there arein the University's buildings, or thestreet number of the QuadrangleClub, or the whereabouts of a professor or undergraduate. As a specific to any exasperating quandary,you are invited to try the InformationOffice.You can at any time obtain competent guide service should you oryour friends wish to enjoy a conducted tour through the University.Either Mr. Kingdon, graduate student in Botany and senior guide of the University, or one of his capableassistants will direct an hour of yourtime in an intensely interesting sightseeing excursion. Unless you havetaken the trip around the Quadrangles within the past few years, youTHE WOR.LO "cannot appreciate how much yourUniversity is changing and growing.The trip begins at the University'sbeautiful Gothic chapel, and touchesall points of interest from International House on the east to theLying-in Hospital on the west.You may be introduced to scientists at work. Dr. Anton J. Carlson,famed physiologist, perhaps, you areinvited to observe his experimentations on dogs and see for yourselfthat they are carried on under thestrictest humanitarian methods. Youmay be fortunate enough to talk withAssociate Professor of Pathology,Maud Slye, one of the world's leading authorities and research workersfighting that scourge of all mankind —cancer.Visitors to the University comefrom far and near. They may be agroup of Rumanian Bishops, tonsuredand surpliced, sent from their country to Cleveland for the EucharisticCongress, and then of their ownvolition came to Chicago for the solepurpose of seeing your University;or they may come from the MiddleWest. One of the large groups recently conducted through the University was made up of six hundredbusiness executives — all of themwomen.The University's first president,William Rainey Harper, before theUniversity opened, outlined an Information Office to function in practically the same manner as the present one. The Office originated in thebasement of Cobb Hall, but was soonmoved to the first floor. In 1921 itwas moved to the Press Building asa part of the Bursar's Office. Dr.Harper's vision will not be fully realized until the long-needed Administration Building rises to take its placein the Gothic tradition of your University. Then the Information Office,perhaps in an impressive lobby, willhave taken another long stride forward.IN MY OPINION• By FRED B. MILLETT, PhD'31, Associate Professor of EnglishSOME recent misadventures with best sellers promptme to inquire into the causes of these portentousliterary phenomena. Almost immediately, onerealizes that some of the causes have little or nothingto do with the books' actual value. Not the least influential cause is the amount of money the publisher orthe author sees fit to expend on publicity in the form ofpaid advertising, free showcards for booksellers, andblurbs to the newspapers. Advertising alone, of course,cannot turn a book into a best seller, but it can go along way toward keeping a book in the public eye,if not in the public mind. Another potent cause of abest selling book is the reputation the author has createdthrough his previous work. This commodity, the "goodwill" of the business of authorship, is beyond price.The established reputations of certain American authors are influential enough to turn their books intobest sellers, no matter how feeble the books may happento be. A case in point is Willa Cather's Lucy Gayheart,about which even the most courteous of reviewers foundit difficult to say anything genuinely enthusiastic. Inthis tale (which should not have been offered to thepublic as a novel) Miss Cather's never very markedpower of invention almost completely fails, and all thatis left is her impeccable style and her pleasantly sentimental interpretation of frustrated existences. (ForChicago readers, to be sure, the tale has the additionalattraction of presenting their native or adopted citytransformed by the glamor of new love.) Yet, despitethe almost complete failure of this work as a genuinecreation, Miss Cather's host of readers is numerousand faithful enough to make the book a best seller for amonth or more. Another of the elements that contribute to the creation of best sellers is the chorus ofapprobation arising from critics and book reviewers.Such a systematic expose of the inanities of contemporary book-reviewing as the Nation has recently publishedunfortunately reaches not more than one-half of onepercent of the reading public. No revelation of thestupidity and chicanery of book reviewers succeeds indeveloping in readers an astringent scepticism sufficient to offset the effect of the heart-warming exuberance of the reviewing chorus. If a book receives fulland enthusiastic comment in the debauched metropolitan press, it is off to a magnificent start.But of rather more interest than these fairly ponderable objective influences are the less controllable andpredictable subjective elements. If word-of -mouth advertising is the most potent factor in the evolution ofbest sellers, the reason perhaps is that such advertisingcannot be bought or sold, and, however unintelligent itmay be, it can at least be depended on to be honest. Asimilarly immeasurable influence is the social pressurethat develops around a very popular book. The constant repetition of its title at dinner tables and thereiterated query, "Have you read A****** ^******?» combined to produce an almost irresistible social compulsion. Such a compulsion may not carry one to theend of such a difficult book as Seven Pillars of Wisdom,but if it drives one to buy the book, the result is thesame.Probably the most important factor contributing tothe making of a best seller is the book's power of satisfying, to a greater or less degree, the wants and desires,the needs and appetencies of that multi-minded monster, the reading public. Indeed, no book can be genuinely popular unless it meets some transient or fundamental need of human kind. Viewed thus in terms ofthe appetencies more or less completely satisfied, popular literature like the balderdash turned out by thatlatter-day Harold Bell Wright, Lloyd C. Douglas, takeson a new if inaesthetic significance, and the popularbooks of a period, like its popular songs, are invaluableindices to the conscious and unconscious wishes of theirpatrons. Both art forms — music and fiction — especiallyin their lower manifestations, furnish the psychoanalystand the social pathologist precious evidences of thebasic fixations and elementary neuroses of the mass-mind.Without an elaborate technique for investigatingsuch satisfactions in literature, it is impossible to determine with accuracy just what mass-needs a particular book satisfies, but it may be profitable to attempt ananalysis of the variety of values thlf critics and the public have found in some recently successful books.Ellen Glasgow's Vein of Iron, for instance, has apparently succeeded in meeting the demands of boththe critics and the reading public. Heywood Brounhailed it as "Miss Glasgow's best novel, very close tothe top in modern American fiction." Stark Youngfound it "the most profound and serene" of his friend'snovels. Gentlemanly Henry Canby, with a touch ofchauvinism, ventured to compare it with the best that isbeing written in English today. Even Clifton Fadiman(the sly Marxian) was wheedled into amiability byMiss Glasgow's smooth and graceful prose. Under suchhigh auspices, the reading public felt itself justified ingiving itself up to the novel's decorous emotionalism.To its feminine readers, whether spinsters or mothersor grandmothers, it offered an opportunity to identifythemselves with women characters in whose lives frustration and satisfaction were nicely balanced and whoseemotions were more active than their brains. Tomiddle-aged readers it brought the pleasure of recognizing the familiar paraphernalia of the years of plentyand depression which they had managed somehow tosurvive. To America, whose stocks were slowly recovering from somnolence, it revealed a spectacle ofdeprivations borne with a fortitude more conspicuousin Miss Glasgow's fairy tale than in the life of thepast five years. What we have here? is a novel neatlyadjusted to the intellectual and emotional demands of14THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 15critics and readers attempting to outdo each other inbeing uncritical.Robert Briffault's Europa, which has already hada comparatively long life as a best seller, is a moreinteresting subject for analysis, since the reasons forits continued popularity are not immediately obvious.The critical welcome it received was almost hysterical.Even John Chamberlain of the New York Times, whoseunhappy fate it is to write a full-length review of abook six days a week, found it "magnificently absorbing reading." Dorothy Parker felt sure that "it wouldfind its way to all seekers of really important books."Fanny Butcher desecrated a great name by describingas Proustian the details of "an amazing and brilliantbook." The reason why Clifton Fadiman found it"frenziedly alive and fascinating reading" may begleaned from his further remark that "No one can respect a grand duke after reading these pages." (Ifthere is anything our little Marxian hates worse thanthe Queen of Roumania, it's a Grand Duke.) Thegrounds for the public's interest in the book are, in allprobability, neither aesthetic nor political. As LouisKronenberger said, "It comes as close as any writerusing the English language has come toward depictingand interpreting, on a really large scale, the society ofpre-war Europe." Two-thirds of the book are devoted to narrating the moral and sexual obliquities ofall the crowned heads of Europe except George andMary. Attendance on a spectacle so lively that occasionally it is driven into the decorous obscurity ofFrench or Italian at once convinces American readersof their moral superiority to Europe and satisfies theitch to play peeping Toms. All this sensational trashabout the vicious European nobility has been dished upad nauseam by Sunday magazine supplements, andBriffault is neither better-informed nor fairer-mindedthan an unscrupulous American journalist. The modest portion of the novel that concerns the author-hero'sboyhood, adolescence, and early manhood is writtenwith reasonable honesty and persuasiveness, but thematter and the manner are no more nor less interestingthan those of a hundred other young-man novels of thepast literary generation. Perhaps the most honest linein the book is the little yellow princess's "Hee ! Hee!Hee!"Once in a while, of course, a best seller emergeswhich justifies both the enthusiasm of the critics andthe devotion of the public. Such a one is VincentSheean's Personal History. This is the thoroughly serious work of an observant and reasonably sensitiveyoung man clever enough to be on the scene of someof the major political and social conflicts of the post-warperiod and honestly moved to attempt to define his relationship to these conflicts. Over and beyond theinterest any reader must feel in Sheean's adroit narrative, the book's major attraction is the opportunity itgives readers to watch an alert contemporary intelligence coming to terms with the most significant political processes of our time. Any book that furnishes avivid and intelligible interpretation of the meaning ofcontemporary political experience deserves and is boundto find readers. The fact that Sheean's conversion isemotional and impermanent does not diminish thebook's human significance.On the whole, the public's relationship to best sellersis probably more creditable than the critics'. If thepublic really reads a book, one can feel sure that thebook offers some degree of satisfaction to the readers'social or anti-social impulses. If a critic reviews a book,one cannot be sure that he has read the book or thathe has commented on it honestly or intelligently. Onecan only hope that he has at least been paid for whatever trouble the book may have caused him.Chicago Alumni in the Current MagazinesAmerican Scholar — AutumnWhy Study Chinese? Ruth Earn-shaw, '31American Scholar — WinterSchoolmarm English, John J. De-Boer, AM'27.Asia — JanuaryBirobidjan, Anna Louise Strong,AM'07, PhD'08 Esquire — JanuaryMen about Hitler, John Gunther,'22I'd Die for Dear Old Dollars,Ralph Cannon, '20Esquire's Five Minute Sheep, Burton Rascoe, ex' 16Harpers — DecemberStalin, John Gunther, '22Editors and Essays, NathanielPeffer, '11 Harpers — JanuaryThe Fallacy of Conquest, NathanielPeffer, '11Hitler, John Gunther, '22Saturday Evening Post — December 7Old Grads : I Like 'Em, HerbertO. Crisler, 22Yale Review — WinterLabor and the Government, Sumner H. Slichter, PhD'18Can We Improve the Public Service? Leonard D. White, PhD'21THE SCARLEOr "Seeins Red in 1 894YOU probably know (or doyou) that maroon was not the"first-born" University color.In fact the students of ninety-twoand three waved orange banners atthe Chicago football games by authority of the action of the trustees,September. 13, 1892. Its committeehad recommended orange and grey,but the latter color was dropped inthe amendment before the vote.It is possible that the decision infavor of orange was influenced bythe earlier unofficial adoption of goldby the students. On the north wallof the Coffee Shop hangs a spray ofgoldenrod worked in gold yarn beneath a "U-C" emblem in the samematerial and color. The accompanying legend reads:"The original color . . . was suggested from masses of goldenrodfound growing on the site of the University. . . . The students formallyadopted maroon. ... at a massmeeting held in Cobb Hall Chapel onMay 5, 1894. . . ."We are convinced that orange isclassified as a "warm" color by allart schools because of the heat itgenerated at the University after thatfirst trustee action. Of course theopposite may be the explanation:orange, being a warm color, generated considerable heat on the quadrangles. In the midst of the controversy a shell from a "big bertha" onthe east coast exploded in our frontyard:"Some comment has been made onthe action of Chicago University in LETTER• By HOWARDadopting orange as the college color.Certainly enough has not been saidof this action. To say the least, toadopt the color of another universityis not only discourteous in the extreme, but violates every law of college precedent. . . ." — From theSyracusan — organ of the Syracusestudents.In the committee meetings that followed, Coach Stagg expressed a decided preference for green and red.In the light of present locomotionsignals, Coach Stagg was wiser thanhe probably suspected. With such acolor combination, a simple set ofbench signals could be worked out( if you read this, Coach Stagg,we're only joking!). If the coachneeded another touchdown or acouple of baskets he could' wave the"go" color. If he considered it wiseto stall, the red flag would serve thepurpose while all the while expressing loyalty to the school.Scarlet was another color that hadits day in the committee meetings.In fact, scarlet was finally adoptedby a count of 78 to 45. But scarletwas another warm color, having areputation for inciting anger whenwaved under proper conditions. Thefollowing week another meeting washeld in which, after the customaryfireworks, maroon was decided uponby a final unanimous vote. The University of Chicago Weekly had thelast word in its May 10th issue underthe editorial title:THE COLOR QUESTION"The conclusion reached at themeeting last Thursday is absurd.For us, as* students of The University of Chicago, to choose andadopt for our color, a certain shadeof red, called maroon, which notone out of twenty of us could namewith certainty, and correctly ifplaced beside the crimson of Harvard; which nine out of ten clerkswould confuse, if we attempted topurchase a supply, and which notone of us could distinguish fromcrimson if seen across the Athletic W. MORT, Editor, Tower TopicsField, is, I think, perfectly absurd.'Maroona est delenda.' "On Tuesday, May 8, 1894, theTrustees received the recommendedchange and referred the matter tothe University Council for "opinionand advice." Miss Marion Talbotwas chairman of the Council whichfinally made its recommendation totke trustees. On October 3, 1894,the following notation appears in theofficial minutes of the Trustees: "Onrecommendation of the President,Maroon was made the Universitycolor."And in the Cap and Gown of theyear 1895 appeared the revised version of Exodus 21 to 24 (Dr. EdgarJ. Goodspeed please note) :EXODUSCHAPTER XXINOW it came to pass in the days ofRainey the Prex. that there weremany gods among the children of She-kago. For the people had joined themselves unto Yello, and unto EtruskanGold and even unto Orang.2 Therefore the chief priests and theelders made a great assembling of thepeople at the place of learning, which iscalled Cobhal. And all the people cameup to this assemblage in great numbers;even from Snell to Nancifostrehal camethey up.3 HAnd when the people had gatheredtogether, the chief priests and the elderstook council among themselves ; for theysaid, it is not good that we should worship many gods.4 And furthermore they said, Let usquestion all the nations round about; andwe may find a mighty god whom nonedo hold to;16THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE5 Or if we find a great and powerfulgod of war which same small tribe dothworship ; then let us take that god andbuild unto him a high altar and bowdown and worship him.6 And behold, when we go forth towar our god will tight for us, and weshall triumph against our foes till all thenations of the earth shall tremble at ourname.7 HAnd when one of the elders of thetribe Omega, which is to say, Philip, hadtold these sayings to the people, theycried with a loud voice, and said, it isgood.8 Therefore did the high priest, whichis called Joseph choose out for him certain men, saying, Go ye, and seek untilye find a god whom we may worship.9 And we will wait for you ; yea, evenunto the coming of the barley harvestwill we wait.CHAPTER XXIIAND on the third day, when the sunhad reached his middle course, behold, the messengers came unto the placeof learning, even unto Cobhal.2 And they rose up in the midst ofthe multitude and spake and said, Verily,it is a weary task to find a god whomwe may worship:3 For behold, from the east even untothe west every nation hath its god andfew there be whence we may choose.4 And if these be great and powerfulor if they be lazy and weak, no mancan say, for none hath tried them.5 lAnd while the messengers yet spakebehold there arose a great confusionamong them; for they were dividedagainst themselves.6 For one Alonzo a man of mightymuscle spake for Greenandredd ; and oneWilson he that is called the jedge forReddandgray.7 HAnd while they yet wrangled amongthemselves there arose one of the peoplewhich is called Love he who knoweth allthe mystic lore of Botani, saying with aloud voice, Let us take unto ourselvesSkarlett;8 For behold, he is a mighty god ofwar and no nation on the face of theearth boweth down to him.9 And he will lead us unto victory;yea, verily, he will win for us great battles till our fame shall go abroad in theland.10 And there arose another of the people, whose name is Brent, of the tribe ofthe Dekes, and spake, saying, Let us joinourselves unto Bluangra, And he didspout most mightily.11 If But the people listened not; forbehold one cried one thing and one another; and every man's hand was againsthis neighbor.12 HAnd the chief priests and the elders took council among themselves, saying, We are the people, Let us nowtherefore take unto ourselves this godSkarlett.13 And let us say unto the people, Heis a good god and ye shall bow downand worship him. And it shall be wellwith the people. 14 And so they did: but the peoplewould not, for they were a stiffneckedpeople.15 1[Then the chief priests and the elders arose up in their might and said, Yeshall have no other god but Skarlett andhim ye shall worship. And it was so.16 And the people shouted with agreat shout and bowed down and worshipped Skarlett.CHAPTER XXIIIAND on the next day there came untothe chief priests and the elders certain men which spake strange things,saying,2 We have been deceived. For behold,there dwelleth on our borders a peoplewhich worship this god Skarlett; andwhen we go forth to battle against thispeople, verily, he will fight for them.3 HAnd the chief priests and the elderswere greatly troubled among themselves ;and they took council and said,4 Let us make unto ourselves a newgod and let us call his name Maroon,which is to say, the Mighty One. Andit seemed good to them and they did so.5 ^Therefore it came to pass that thechief priests and the elders made another assemblage and called the peopletogether again at the place of learning,which is called Cobhal.6 But all the people were not there,for they had already journeyed afar offand could not be found. And when theyheard what had been done they wereexceeding wroth.7 HAnd it came to pass when the chiefpriests and the elders had made knownthese sayings unto the people.8 That the people shouted with a greatshout and because they were afraid theybowed down before the new god Maroonand did worship him.9 But some spake, saying, It is notwell; for behold, our fathers before usdid not so. Why should we leave theold gods?10 And some spake, saying, This newgod is very like to one whom the peopleof the far east worship, yet, even thegod Krimson, which is to say Mighty.11 And behold, if we shall go to battle in the far east it shall come to passthat our god and their god shall be asone, and to whom will he give thevictory?12 And they answered and said,Verily, to the people which dwell in theeast.13 HAnd there arose one Vernon, whospake with a loud voice, saying, Let usworship Bluangra; for in his worship isour nation as one:14 And before him bow the maidens;and worship we not the maidens? Therefore let us worship Bluangra.15 And there arose another of the people which is called Francis, he that mar-shaleth the hosts of Shekago in battle,and spake and said,16 Let us not listen to this man whichhath spoken; for behold he is full of thewest wind.17 HBut it was as the chief priests andthe elders had said. CHAPTER XXIVNOW it came to pass that whenRainey the Prex, heard what hadbeen done in the land, he was exceedingwroth.2 And when he had called unto himhis wise men and his scribes he spakeunto them, saying,3 Now tell me wherefore have the people done this thing? For I, even I,Rainey, the Prex., which is to say, thelearned, the lusty tooter of the goldenhorn,4 I have ordained that they shouldworship Etruskan Gold and have set mygreat seal thereto.5 And now they have made unto themselves a new god and have departed fromthe ways of their fathers and have goneastray after new gods. Tell me therefore why these things be.6 HAnd when he had spoken thus thewise men and the scribes trembled andwere sore afraid. And they spake one toanother, saying,7 Behold the king is very wroth andblameth us for what has been done in theland. Now let us therefore look to it lesthe vent his wrath on us8 HAnd they answered and spake untothe king, saying, O king, live forever.9 We wot not, O king, wherefore thispeople have done these things ; for verily,they are a stiffnecked people; and noman knoweth what they do, or why theydo it.10 Now therefore it were best that weshould do as if we had not heard of this.And when the people see that they havedone no great thing, behold, they willturn again and worship the old gods.11 HAnd this council was sweet in theears of the king, yea, sweeter than thehoney in the honey comb. And he spakeunto them, saying,12 Go ye, therefore, and let no manknow of this, And if any shall ask you,saying, whom doth the king worship? Yeshall make answer,13 He boweth down before EtruskanGold, the god of his fathers, the mightygod of war. For as for me and myhouse, we will serve Etruskan Gold.14 HBut when the king saw how thepeople clave to Maroon and would notdepart therefrom he said within hisheart, li i ^15 This is not well. For is it not written, A house divided against itself cannot stand?16 And because he was a good kingand had regard for his people, he calledunto him again his wise men and hisscribes, and he said unto them,17 Behold, this people is a stiffneckedpeople; but verily, it is my people. Andbecause I love this people, I will leavethe god of my fathers and will worshipMaroon.18 HAnd when the people heard thesesayings, they shouted with a loud voiceand said, Long live Rainey, the goodPrex., who hath regard unto his people!19 And they were exceeding glad. Andthe people of Shekago and Rainey thePrex. worship Maroon even unto thisday.NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLESNO radical organizations now exist at the University. Abolished by their own free will arethe National Student League and the StudentLeague for Industrial Democracy. Arisen is the American Student Union with essentially a liberal platformenforced by a liberal majority. Radicals may be articulate within the organization, but they cannot control it.Nevertheless, your correspondent will stake hishard-earned integrity on a bet that the present era inUniversity history will be known as the "turbulent thirties." If you don't think so, take a look at 1935, thedime-novel year, when the hero, the villain, the dupe, andthe victim all got what they wanted in terms of prestige,circulation, publicity, and the joys of dutiful family obedience respectively in the State Senatorial investigation.The year saw the University break many lances fordemocracy. But lances for democracy seem to be dangerous things to handle these days. No matter wherethey are thrust, they always seem to bruise an incipientfascist (anti-radical) or an incipient communist (radical). Liberal and conservative democratic persons, excluding anti-radicals and radicals, comprise a larger percentage of the University's population than the nation'sand are somewhat bewildered by the dangers of beingdemocratic.Their bewilderment arises from the fact that radicals and anti-radicals, for all their cross-purposes, aretemporarily allied.First, there are the radicals who have developeda technique by which they can't lose. They never askfor anything. Oh, no ! They demand it. If a demand isrefused, that is news ; if it is granted, that also is news.Then there are the radicals' allies, the anti-radical press.The demands are made to stir wrathful publicity in theanti-radical press, and such newspapers cannot lose inthis game either. They gain some reputation for Americanism (not much) and some circulation (also notmuch). Fulminations of the anti-radical press and organizations drive liberal and conservative democratically-minded persons to the ranks of the radicals, because theyknow that Hitler and Mussolini used precisely the samefulminations almost word for word in their rise to power.So, as one alumnus to another, your correspondentsuggests that blessed as it is to believe, it is more fun tofind purpose in what is written and spoken — particularlyin 1936, an election year. Universities will be the goatsof the next campaign because the professors have committed the sin of placing their knowledge at the disposalof their country. Their honest mistakes occurred not because they viewed themselves as an aristocracy of brains,but because they traversed new fields. They participated in government by request, not by desire to do so.It is even easier to attack a university by attacking itsstudent body. And the nice thing about all this is thatuniversities cannot fight back. They think it is undignified to make a rebuttal. • By JOHN P. BARDEN, '35There are no communists on the University faculty.There is one socialist among the 837 faculty members.The American Student Union is not communist ; it is notsocialist; it is not even radical. Anyone who states theconverse of these statements is guilty of worse than misrepresentation.Your correspondent will be glad to do personal research on any question you may address to him on thissubject and will report by private letter which will contain all the facts and any documents necessary to provethem. This should be a great improvement on othertheses about "How Red Is the University?"Famed Judge and Law Scholar DiesJudge Edward W. Hinton, Professor of Law atthe University of Chicago for the last twenty-two yearsand nationally known authority on pleading procedure,died Thursday evening, January 2, at his home, 1221E. 56th St. Sixty-seven years old, Judge Hinton hadbeen ill of an internal disorder for two years and hadundergone five operations ; nevertheless he had continuedhis teaching duties up to the recent Christmas vacationand was scheduled to resume classes the first of the year.Second rankingmember of the University's law facultyin point of service,Judge Hinton heldthe James ParkerHall Professorshipat the Midway. Hecame to the University in 1913, resigning the deanship ofthe law school of theUniversity of Missouri to accept theChicago post. Hehad practiced law inColumbia, Missouri,for two decades andserved as judge of the district court there.Judge Hinton was widely known among legalscholars for his standard case-books, among which areHinton s Cases on Code Pleading, Hinton's Cases onTrial Practice, Hinton's Cases on Evidence, and Caseson Equity Pleading. He collaborated with W. W. Cookon Cases on Common Law Pleading.President Robert M. Hutchins said of ProfessorHinton : "He was the most eminent scholar in the fieldof procedural law in the United States. He was one ofthe men upon whom the reputation of the University'sLaw School was founded. His was an extraordinarycombination of scholarship and teaching ability. Hispersonality was such as to make him an exceptionallyJudge Hinton18THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 19effective teacher; his knowledge was broad and his experience varied."Colleagues remarked upon the affection with whichJudge Hinton was regarded by his students. Clarity ofthought, evenness of temper, humor and profoundscholarship marked his teaching career. He held a conservative point of view, stressing the importance of therules as they have grown up, but with a sense of thecontinuing nature of legal development, they pointed out.Judge Hinton was a consultant in the drafting ofthe new Illinois Civil Practice Act, and taught a coursein the Act attended by more than five hundred lawyerswhen the Act became effective two years ago. He was amember of the Illinois Survey for Criminal Justice, whichreported in 1926.He is survived by a widow and two children, Mrs.Preston Vance, wife of Major Preston Vance, U. S. A.,head of the Department of Military Science and Tacticsat the University of Chicago, and Capt. John Hinton,U. S. A., of the military science department at OhioState University.Faculty Makes NewsTwenty-one different departments of the Universityof Chicago sent over one hundred professors to participate in the annual winter conferences of 12 academic associations and societies which were held over the holidays in various parts of the country. Their paperscrowded the agenda of these meetings.Arthur H. Compton (physics), Edmund Jacobson(physiology), Gail M. Dack (hygiene and bacteriology),Lester R. Dragstedt (surgery), Theodore E. Heinz(medicine), and Arthur J. Dempster (physics) had whatit takes to interest the nation's newspapers, while AntonJ. Carlson, George G. Bogert, and Warder C. Allee returned with presidencies in the American Association ofUniversity Professors, the Association of American LawSchools, and the American Society of Zoologists respectively. Louis R. Wilson still retains the presidency ofthe American Library Association.As president of the American Association of University Professors, which recently placed the Universityof Pittsburgh on a blacklist as a protest against the methods of that university's administration, Dr. Carlson said,"The Association will direct its chief efforts to supporting freedom of speech in the country, academic freedomin universities, and reasonable tenure for professors. By'reasonable tenure' we mean that no professor shouldbe dismissed without proof of his incompetency."President Bogert of the Association of AmericanLaw Schools said, "I contemplate getting more of theschools in the active committee work and making theorganization more representative."In this association, law schools, not professors, aremembers and the association makes certain requirementsas to staff, and libraries necessary for membership, thusraising standards of the teaching of law and legal research throughout the country. During its thirty yearsof existence, seventy-five law schools have been admittedto membership in this association. It will meet in Chicago next Christmas vacation. Compton Tells "All He Knows" about Cosmic RaysStripping some of the mystery from the cosmic ray,Professor Arthur H. Compton, told the American Association for the Advancement of Science when it met during the holidays, that in all probability the rays consistof three types of particles familiar to physicists but endowed with tremendous energies.Dr. Compton, who shared the Nobel prize in 1927,summarized the recent work of his own and other laboratories on these ultra-penetrating rays before a jointsession of physics section of the A. A. A. S., the American Physical Society and the American Association ofPhysics Teachers.Cosmic rays are truly "cosmic" in that they probably emanate from remote galaxies or remote space, Dr.Compton said. The primary cosmic rays, particles asdistinct from secondary rays or the disintegration products caused when the rays strike earth's atmosphere,have energies ranging from two billion electron-volts tosixty billion electron-volts, and in occasional bursts, particles occur with energies as high as 600 billion electron-volts. Their total heat at earth, however, is probably nogreater than that of starlight.There is "adequate evidence" that the primary cosmic rays are in fact electrically charged particles, Dr.Compton stated. In a provisional analysis of the components of the rays he said:"The most prominent part of the primary cosmicrays observed above sea-level consists of nearly equalparts of positive and negative electrons. At sea leveland below is a very penetrating component for whichthe identification as protons seems to be required. Atvery high altitudes there appears a relatively absorbablecomponent which seems to consist of alpha particles."The conclusion that cosmic rays are largely electrically charged particles is based chiefly on the "latitudeeffect" observed in cosmic rays studies. Observationstaken throughout the world, among them records of intensity taken at more than 100 stations by some 80 scientists working underthe direction of Dr.Compton in 1931 - 34,show that the rays areaffected by the earth'smagnetic field. At ordinary altitudes the raysare some 16% more intense near the magneticpoles than they are nearthe magnetic equator. Athigher altitudes, wherethe intensity is greater,ratio of intensities between the poles and theequator is probably morethan 100 to 1, Dr. Compton said. Photons, ortrue rays, would not beProfessor Comptonso deflected by the earth's magnetic field.Curve lines of equal cosmic ray intensity followclosely the parallels of geomagnetic latitude, and follow20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEalso the lines of frequency of occurrence of auroral displays, which means that the aurora and the cosmic raysare affected by the earth's magnetism in the same manner, according to Dr. Compton. The lower intensityof equatorial cosmic rays in the eastern hemispherethan in the western hemisphere corresponds to thestronger magnetic field of the earth in the east.Dr. Compton displayed a new world-map showing"isocosms," or curves of uniform cosmic ray intensities.More exhaustive analysis of this and other data, led tothe tentative identification of cosmic ray components,through a procedure which Dr. Compton described as"using the earth as a huge though crude magnetic spectrograph ; the earth itself acts as the magnet and in placeof the electric field we have the stopping power of theearth's atmosphere.The conclusion that the rays originate far outside theearth, the sun or the Milky Way is based on the factthat they apparently approach the earth uniformly fromall directions. "Outside the earth's atmosphere we failto find any isotropic distribution of matter within ourgalaxy where such rays might originate," Dr. Comptonsaid. "The extra-galactic nebulae, or space itself, would,on the other hand, satisfy the condition of spherical symmetry." He suggested that most of them originate "atan effective distance of between one billion and ten billion light years."There appears to be an effect on the observed intensity of cosmic rays due to the rotation of the MilkyWay, Dr. Compton said. "According to astronomersthis rotation carries us toward about 47 degrees northand right ascension 20 hours 55 minutes at a speed ofabout 300 kilometers a second. This should cause adiurnal variation in cosmic ray intensity, followingsidereal time, through a range of the order of about0.1%." Apparently there is such a variation, Dr. Compton said.Efforts to learn how cosmic rays are produced havebeen unsuccessful, he continued. Among the more plausible theories are Lemaitre's that they are "super-radioactive particles" emitted at the initial explosion of theexpanding universe ; Swann's that they are electrons ac-celebrated by electromagnetic induction from the changing magnetic field of "sunspots" on giant stars; andMilne's that they owe their energies to the gravitationalattraction of the universe.Cosmic rays should prove extremely useful tools toscientists, Dr. Compton concluded. "The immense individual energies of these rays, some of them with anerg of energy for a single atomic projectile, give thema unique place in the physicist's atomic artillery." Already they have been used in the discovery of positrons.They will be used to extend knowledge of the earth'smagnetic field high above the atmosphere; to test electrodynamics in an energy region heretofore inaccessible ;and in astronomy, as a powerful means of studying therotation of the galaxy and of learning the ancient history of the universe. In biology, "it is not impossiblethat they play an important part in the spontaneous variations upon which evolutionary changes depend," hesaid.One perplexing recent problem is that the high- Professor Dempsterenergy cosmic ray particles do not excite as much radiation as is required by present electrical theory, Dr. Compton stated. An extension of the present theory of electrodynamics is needed, comparable with the extension ofMaxwell's electrodynamics introduced by Lorentz andEinstein for the condition of high velocities.Science Strikes Blow at SilveritesSilver's usefulness as a standard of monetary valuewas called into question at St. Louis following thepresentation of a scientific paper by Professor Arthur J.Dempster, Universityphysicist, before theAmerican PhysicalSociety and the physics section of theAmerican Associationfor the Advancementof Science.Describing an ingenious new methoddeveloped in his laboratory for analyzing thechemical elementspresent in any material, and the "isotopes"contained in the elements, Dr. ' Dempsterreported that he hadbeen able to find only one form of gold. In an interviewin connection with his paper he reported finding twoforms, or weights, of silver."Heavy" silver outweighs "light silver" by a ratioof 109 to 107, Dr. Dempster said. Theoretically, thetwo forms of silver should be quoted at different prices,if their usefulness in the arts is considered in determining their value. This would become a real question ifit were discovered that some silver lodes were producingmore of one than the other.In his paper Dr. Dempster reported the discoveryof five isotopes, or weights, of platinum, six of palladiumand two of iridium. "Isotopes" are different forms ofthe same element, the atoms having different weights butthe same chemical properties. "Heavy water," or "heavyhydrogen," is a recently discovered example. Dr. Dempster's finding that there is only one form of gold wouldseem to indicate that gold has an advantage as a standard of value because a separation into different kindsof gold is not possible.When the Treasury pays fifty cents per ounce for themixture called ordinary silver it is actually paying 50.46cents per ounce for "light" silver and 49.54 per ouncefor the "heavy" kind of silver. In its commercial andartistic uses, "light" silver logically should command aslightly higher price by weight because of the greateramount of it per unit of weight.Dr. Dempster's apparatus is an extension of the"mass spectrograph" to the analysis of solids. In 1935Professor Aston at Cambridge, England, using a gaseousform of silver chloride, discovered the existence of thetwo silver isotopes in a few samples. Dr. Dempster hasTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 21verified this in a number of tests using solid silver, andhas extended this type of analysis to other metals.Heavenly EducationNewest gadget in the field of scientific education isthe stellarscope, invented and developed by WalterBartky, associate professor of Astronomy at the University.Consisting of a lens, a piece of moving picture film,and a flashlight bulb and battery, the stellarscope willenable Dr. Bartky to cease trying to explain the complicated constellations of the heavens in the classroom.Instead, his class can hold informal meeting on a clearnight, gaze at the actual stars with one eye, while theother eye is engaged in looking into the stellarscopewhere recorded on the film, appear the stars of a constellation with its correct name and form indicated dia-grammatically, illuminated, and magnified.The stellarscope is made of bakelite with a chromiumflashlight attached and a roll of film with 24 star maps,some one of which will fit almost any section of theheavens that can be seen by the naked eye.Stellarscopes will be in use in classes beginning thisquarter. They may also be found of some use for nightflying, particularly in planes not equipped with radio.Cities vs. HamletsCities of the United States boasting a million ormore inhabitants, can also boast of more middle-agedpersons, more men than women, fewer births, fewerdeaths, more foreign born citizens, higher wages, higherrents, more radios, and more taxpayers — proportionallyspeaking — than small towns and rural districts.These conclusions have been reached by William F.Ogburn, Professor of Sociology, in "Population Traits,"first of a series of studies entitled "Social Characteristics of Cities" appearing in Public Management, beginning this month. The study is based on 1930 figures.Ranging cities in nine groups from those over amillion to those less than 2,500, Dr. Ogburn found thatoldsters over fifty-five and youngsters under twenty seem„ . — , to prefer the wideand open spaces,that women really/ like the big citiesv best but the foreign, i born citizenry raisethe number of malesby leaving wivesand children in theold country, at leasttemporarily, thatthe low birth rateshows that largecities are not placesto bring up children, that the lowdeath rate doesn'tmean big cities arehealthy but thatpeople most likely to die, the very young and the veryold, live in small towns, and that the high wages of theProfessor Ogburn city just beat the high cost of living by the price of oneradio."The purpose of this study," says Dr. Ogburn, "isto show how these and other measurable characteristicsvary according to the size of the community."The subject is of some interest since we moveabout from one city to another and would like to knowin choosing a place to live what are the characteristicsof the larger cities and smaller places."Another point of interest centers around what is thebest size of the city," says Dr. Ogburn.He concludes : "Of all the characteristics of citiesaccording to their size, perhaps the one that is mosteffective generally in determining whether we shall livein a large city or a small one is the size of the income.There are some who argue that the very large citiesare too big, that they should decrease or at least notgrow anymore, while the small places might well increase.The indices of income just presented may be quite inadequate for predicting whether such desiderata may result,but as they stand the income statistics presented do notseem to indicate, in and of themselves, that the largecities will stop growing in favor of increases in thesmaller ones."Pursuit of a PoetProfessors John Matthews Manly and Edith Rickert,University of Chicago experts on Geoffrey Chaucer, famous English poet of the 14th century, left the Midwayover a month ago for England to complete, research workon their monumental Students' Edition of Chaucer. Thetrip will be Professor Manly's tenth, in as many years,for the purpose of throwing new light on The CanterburyTales and their author.The Students' Edition of Chaucer will be broughtout in eight volumes. The four volumes containing allthe textural variations are almost completed. Two volumes in which the "critical text" of Chaucer's writingare presented are also practically complete. The presenttrip will be devoted chiefly to the writing of two introductory volumes, including a discussion of the methodsof textual criticism, description of the Chaucer manuscripts and discussion of the methods of their classification.Who Votes for Mr. Roosevelt?The unemployed, foreign born Catholics, peoplepaying low rents, and poor people generally in the Chicago region voted for Senator James Hamilton Lewisin 1930 and President Roosevelt in 1932, while men ofwealth, scions of old Protestant families, women withmoney and leisure voted Republican, according to anarticle by Harold F. Gosnell, Associate Professor ofPolitical Science, and his assistant, Norman N. Gill, ina current issue of the Atnerican Political Science Review."I am convinced that the same people will supportPresident Roosevelt and the New Deal again in 1936,"predicted Dr. Gosnell yesterday, "and the same line-upas 1932 and before will hold for the Republicans."Dr. Gosnell and Mr. Gill found positive statisticalrelationship among the following factors: Rooseveltvote, 1932; Lewis vote, 1930; Smith vote, 1928; Catholicorigins, foreign birth, unemployment, low rental areas,22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEand straight-ticket voting. The article is the result ofmore than a year's research.The article states: "In the past two decades, thepolitical behavior of the citizens of Chicago in nationalelections has been similar to that of the entire Americanelectorate. Except for the election of 1916, whenHughes carried the city by a narrow margin, the presidential candidate who carried Chicago also carried theelectoral college. In many ways Chicago is typical ofthe United States as a whole in the twentieth century.It is a cross-section of the mixture of races, religions,sects, linguistic groups, and economic classes that makeup modern America."Looking at the figures from a broad point of view,the party which enjoys least success over a period ofyears tends to attract to it those elements which havethe least social prestige and economic security."This long period of Republican supremacy resultedin the traditional northern Democratic vote being persons of Catholic origin, of foreign birth, and the unemployed, according to Dr. Gosnell. These groups votedstrongly for Al Smith in 1928, Lewis in 1930, andRoosevelt in 1932."There were many exceptions to the general tendency for poor people to swing more decidedly than therich in the direction of the Democratic party in 1932.The areas where unemployment hit the hardest werethose which were already strongly Democratic in 1928.To increase the Democratic vote in these areas was adifficult task, since there were some Republicans whocould not be moved from their party allegiance even byeconomic adversity. All economic groups were affectedadversely by the economic crisis which started in 1929.All levels received some of their tensions by votingagainst the party in power.PoliticalWith unequivocal scorn, Harry D. Gideonse, Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago, vigorously lashed present congressional proposalsfor neutrality legislation before the K. A. M. Temple at50th Street and DrexelBoulevard in a recentaddress entitled "CanAmerica Remain Neutral in Case of AnotherWar?""The present neutrality bills are in myjudgment the worstjumble of amateurish,ill-conceived, and impractical proposals thathas come out of Congress since the depression began," said Mr..Gideonse, "I have nogreat admiration for thepolicy of 'leaving things as they were,' but if the choiceis between this and either the Nye or the administrationAssociate Professor Gideonse bill, I firmly believe in the wisdom of leaving thingpalone."The mischievous legislation now proposed is based/on the philosophy of 'peace at any price.' When didAmerican public opinion declare itself in favor of sucha policy? No great nation can possibly announce thisas its program without encouraging aggression. Thepolicy can best be characterized as 'making the worldsafe for aggression.' We are telling Italy, Japan, Germany that in case they choose to commit internationalcrimes, we will officially oblige them by refusing to aidor sell anything to their victims that might be helpfulin their hour of need."This policy will encourage the forces plotting forwar. It will almost certainly drive nations into renewed pressure toward economic nationalism in an effort to become self-sufficient in those fields in which theyare now dependent on trade from the United States. Itwill, therefore, result in permanent damage to our export trade in peace as well as war.Large Gift for New ProfessorshipTrustees of the estate of Max Pam, distinguishedChicago corporation lawyer who died in 1925, haveturned over to the University the sum of $85,000 for theuse of its law school. The fund will be used in settingup the "Max Pam Professorship of Comparative Law."Allocation of this sum to the University completesthe distribution of approximately $350,000 which Mr.Pam's will provided should be set aside for such educational and philanthropic purposes as his trustees mightdesignate.Professor Max Rheinstein, of Germany, brilliantyoung scholar of comparative law formerly on the faculty of the University of Berlin, has been named by theUniversity to the Pam chair. Professor Rheinstein hasbeen on the University's law faculty since October, 1934,on a temporary basis. The Pam fund enables the University to make him a regular member of the law faculty.In accepting the bequest the University's Board ofTrustees states : "Mr. Pam was not only a distinguishedmember of the Chicago Bar but a socially-minded citizen,sincerely interested in the improvement of the law. Itis fitting, therefore, that his memory should be perpetuated through the instrumentality of a professorship devoted to the comparative study of the principal legal institutions and systems of the world with a view to theimprovement of our own."During his lifetime Mr. Pam, imbued with a conviction of the importance of the press in the development of an intelligent public opinion, and the importanceof maintaining high journalistic ideals, founded theSchool of Journalism at Notre Dame University in 1912.Among his many other benefactions were the establishment of social science scholarships at Catholic University, Washington, D. C. ; contributions ft) the New Hebrew University on Mt. Scopus in Jerusalem; and a$50,000 gift for the industrial upbuilding of Palestine.Among previous beneficiaries of his estate have beenthe Michael Reese Hospital, to which the trustees allocated $150,000 for the Max Pam Metabolic. Clinic whichwas opened in 1933, the Scholarship Association forTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 23Jewish Children, the United Charities of Chicago, andthe Associated Jewish Charities of Chicago. Contribution was also made to the building of the bandshell inGrant Park. Trustees of the estate are Harry B. Hurdof Chicago, partner of Mr. Pam in the firm of Pam andHurd, and Walter Blumenthal, husband of Sara PamBlumenthal, and Joseph A. Bear, husband of Julia PamBear, both of New York. Mr. Pam was a brother ofthe late Judge Hugo Pam. Miss Carrie Pam, a sister, isa resident of Chicago.Professor Rheinstein, first incumbent of the Pamchair, is 37 years old. He graduated at the Universityof Munich, has served for seven years on the Comparative Law Research Institutes of Munich and Berlin, andhas been co-editor of the yearbook of the Italian instituteof comparative law. His most important publication isa volume on the Anglo-American law of contracts.The gift is one of the largest the University hasreceived from an individual source this year.AppointmentsPresident Robert M. Hutchins of the University ofChicago announced Thursday, January 2, the appointment by the Board of Trustees of Dr. James Fred Rippy,now at Duke University, as Professor of History at theUniversity, the appointment to be effective October 1,1936. Dr. Rippy, who is 43 years old, is at presentProfessor of History and Editor of the University Pressat Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.Regarded as the outstanding younger scholar inthe field of Hispanic and Latin American history in thecountry, Dr. Rippy is in reality returning to the University, since he held an instructorship at the Midwayfrom 1920 to 1923. Two of the courses he plans toteach beginning next October are : "The United Statesand World Politics : An Intensive Study of the Historyof United States Since 1880 and Its Relations with theGreat Powers"; and "The Historical Evolution of Hispanic America from 1500 to the Present."Appointment of Dr. Rippy is the second importantaddition to the University of Chicago faculty announcedthis month. Dr. E. M. K. Geiling of Johns HopkinsUniversity has just been appointed Professor and Chairman of the department of Pharmacology.Dr. Geiling, who holds both Doctor of Medicineand Doctor of Philosophy degrees, is well known forhis studies on the action of insulin, on the physiologyand chemistry of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland,on the pharmacological action of protein-split productsand the nutritive values of amino acids. He has workedalso on blood regeneration and the interrelation of en-docrines.Pharmacology, which is defined as "the physiological analysis of the mode of action of drugs and therapeutic agents" has hitherto been included in the work ofthe University's department of Physiological Chemistryand Pharmacology. Under the new arrangement Pharmacology becomes a separate department and the olderdepartment, which is headed by Professor Fred C. Koch,is re-named the department of Biochemistry. The Uni versity is not entering upon a program of trainingpharmacists, it was pointed out; it is doing advancedteaching and research in pharmacology, as defined.Earl Floyd Simmons, 26 years old, who receivedthe J. D. degree through the University's Law School inMarch, 1935, has been appointed Lecturer in the University's Law School for the Winter quarter, whichopens January 2. Simmons achieved unusual distinction as a student. He won the Wig and Robe Prize asthe highest ranking student for his first two years, aRaymond Scholarship for the third year, and was electedto the Order of the Coif. He will teach one course, onBusiness Organization.Professor Rudolph Carnap, outstanding authority onthe philosophy of science on the faculty of the GermanUniversity of Prague, will teach at the University ofChicago this winter. He and Professor Charles Morrisof the University of Chicago this summer organized theInternational Congress for the Unity of Science, whichmet at the Sorbonne, Paris, this September.New TrusteeClarence B. Randall, vice-president of the InlandSteel Company, has been elected a member of the Boardof Trustees of the University of Chicago, it was announced January 9 by Harold H. Swift, President ofthe Board.Mr. Randall, a resident of Winnetka, has beenpresident of the Board of Education of Winnetka for sixyears. He has headed the Trade and Industry Divisionof the CommunityFund drive in Chicago for the last twoyears. He is president of the HarvardClub of Chicago.Election of Mr.Randall fills the vacancy created by therecent change in thestatus of Mr.Charles R. Holden,who has become an"honorary trustee"after 23 years of active service. Mr.Holden, until recently a vice-president of the FirstNational Bank of Chicago, is moving to California.Mr. Randall received the A. B. degree at HarvardUniversity in 1912, and the LL. B. degree there in 1915.He practiced law in Ishpeming, Michigan, for some yearsbut retired from practice when he came to Chicago in1925 to become associated with the Inland Steel Co.During the War he was a captain in the U. S. infantryand served nine months overseas.Born in New York State, Mr. Randall is 44 yearsold. He is married, the father of two daughters, and isa member of the Episcopal Church. His home in Winnetka is at 644 Walden Road.Trustee RandallI'Iiq T-amlLu -Qlttu-mIN 1928 when William McAndrew lost his fightagainst Big Bill Thompson and was forced to resignthe superintendency of the Chicago schools there wassome surprise exhibited when William Joseph Bogan was elected ashis successor. For William J. hadnever been one to blow loud on hisown trumpet. To be sure he hadknown Chicago schools since theyear of the first World's Fair andhad served them in all capacitiesfrom grade teacher to assistant superintendent. His record was anenviable one but he had neverpublicized it. But today the quietappointee of 1928 is known thecountry over as a progressive educator, an able administrator, and a courageous leader and his teachers look to him with pride and affection.HALF way between Bardstown with its "Old Kentucky Home" and Harrodsburg with its mouldering fortifications lies the typical mid-Kentucky villageof Springfield, famed as the homeof Elizabeth Madox Roberts. It wasless than 15 years ago that MissRoberts left the University a member of Phi Beta Kappa and winnerof the Fiske prize for poetry. Shepublished her first book of verse theyear after her graduation. Thenfollowed "The Time of Man," 1926,"My Heart and My Flesh," 1927,and "Jingling in the Wind" in 1928.In 1930 appeared "The Great Meadow" her third important longpoem in the guise of a novel. Widely acclaimed asthe novel of the year it established her claim to morethan passing fame, which has been borne out by herlatest book "He Sent Forth a Raven."DR. AUSTIN ALBERT HAYDEN was born in Shulls-burg. "And where is Shullsburg," say you? WhyShullsburg lies right in the middle of the non glaciatedsection of Southern Wisconsin. Noice sheet has ever refrigeratedShullsburg, nor those that springtherefrom if one may judge byAustin Albert. Despite such handicaps as degrees from two universities, an MD from Rush, graduatework in the New York Post Graduate Medical School, the departmentheadship in a great hospital, thesecretaryship in the AmericanMedical Association, and cm international reputation in his specialty— Dr. Hayden is still as warm blooded and sympathetic as when he came from the Wisconsin hills. Hehas done outstanding service as President of theAmerican Federation of Organizations for Hard ofHearing. IN his undergraduate days Paul Atlee Walker starredon the Dramatic Club, battled for four years on thedebating teams, won the Peck prize for declamationand was awarded a full scholarship for winning the annual oratorical contest. Of course he went intothe law. Locating in Oklahoma hespent but a brief orientation periodbefore being made Attorney for theState Corporation Commission. Forten years as a special Counsel forthe Commission his work was soeffective that he was elected amember of the Commission in 1930and became its chairman the nextyear. With such a background itcame as no surprise when he was called to Washing-ton as Federal Communications Commissioner andmade Chairman of the Telephone Division.ELOISE BLAINE CRAM entered the University fromthe Davenport high school in 1914. For four years,she passed up the social distinctions of Foster Hall infavor of laboratory work in Kent.As a junior she was elected to PhiBeta Kappa and was a UniversityAide in her senior year. After graduation she spent a year with Armour and Company as a bacteriologist. In 1919 she was appointedzoologist in the Bureau of AnimalIndustry, U. S. Department of Agriculture. For fifteen years she hasinvestigated parasitic diseases ofpoultry and other birds. Nearlyone hundred articles, published ingovernment bulletins and scientific periodicals, tell ofher findings. She is a Council member of the American Society of Parasitologists and past president ofthe Washington Helminthological Society.WHEN the Seniors elected officers in the fall of '93the only unanimous vote was cast in favor ofHenry P. Willis for Class treasurer. Inspired by thatrecognition, Henry was fired withan ambition that won him a doctorate in economics and a changeof signature to "H. Parker." Thenfollowed a teaching career that culminated in a professorship of banking at Columbia. As side lines hehas edited financial journals,served as president of the Philippine National Bank, experted forCongressional committees, assistedin drafting the Federal Reserve Act,the Federal Farm Loan Act and theBanking Act of 1933, acted as Chairman of the Banking Commission of the Irish Free State, wrote orhelped to write a score of books on banking practiceand served as Secretary of the Federal ReserveBoard.24ATHLETICSChicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago,Chicago, Scores of the MonthBasketball25; DePaul, 4527; Marquette, 2841 ; Wheaton, 2551; Armour, 4941 ; Carroll, 2536; Wisconsin, 38 (overtime)21 ; Purdue, 4430; Indiana, 33Gymnastics758.5; Nebraska, 653.5Wrestling24; Morton Junior College, 10Fencing39; Armour, 21Prospects for the winter sports season at the University are definitely better than the prospects at thisdate last year. Except in one, or possibly two, so-called"minor" sports, no championships are in sight, but allseven of the winter-quarter intercollegiate teams seemclearly improved over 1935. A catch in this, so far asConference victories goes, is that in most of the sportsthe level of performance of the Big Ten seems also tohave risen, and competition will be sharper.Last year's Maroon basketball team won only oneof its twelve Big Ten games and only one of its eightnon-conference games. It was a high-scoring team weakon defense. This year's quintet is an even higher-scoringgroup, with some improvement defensively. As thisis written Chicago has lost three Conference games, twoof them by extremely close margins, and has won threeof five non-conference contests. We predict that theMaroons will push over some of their remaining opponents, in and out of the Conference.The forward positions are well, and even brilliantly,manned. Captain Bill Haarlow and Bill Lang, bothseniors, are the regulars. Haarlow last year led theConference in individual scoring, with 156 points for 12Big Ten games, despite the poor showing of the team.Lang, a guard last year, whose remarkable eye for thebasket gave him second scoring honors on the team,has been moved up to forward to pair with Haarlow,and has delivered in fine style. Haarlow has blown hotand cold thus far. Respectively against Wheaton, Armour, Wisconsin and Indiana he scored 28, 25, 18 and 17points. Against DePaul, Marquette, Carroll and Purduehe scored 3, 9, 6 and 4 points. This is due in part tosome experiments with his assignments. Lang can becounted upon for about 6 to 10 points per game. Thereare two excellent forward understudies, Jim Gordon andJohn Eggemeyer, both sophomores, who look very promising and come with fine high school records. •By JOHN P. HOWE, '27In the other three positions sophomores have displaced lettermen. Paul Amundsen, 6 ft. 5 inch center,has had the call over Gordon Petersen, regular center forthe last two years, but Petersen may win back his postbefore midseason. Bob Fitzgerald and Kendall Petersen,younger brother of Gordon, have been the startingguards. Both were all-state prep players, Fitzgerald inSouth Dakota and Petersen in California, and both weremembers of the Maroon football team. Fitzgerald handles the ball well and takes it down the floor rapidly.Petersen has good size and covers the backboard rebounds with a talent the Maroons have not enjoyed inrecent years. Both need experience. Neither to datehas been a good scorer. Both will improve. Amundsenwill be more valuable as he sharpens his play. StanleyKaplan, Howard Durbin and Dave LeFevre are fairlygood understudies at guard.The track team is one of the most promising CoachNed Merriam has had in several years. It should dowell in dual meets and should finish near the middle, orbetter, in the Big Ten indoor championship meet whichwill be held at Chicago March 13th and 14th. Dr. Harold G. Moulton, the eminent economist, who is, withFrance Anderson, most ardent of Maroon sports fans,believes the Maroons have an outside chance to win theindoor track title because the best talent is so evenly distributed throughout the Conference. We are more conservative. Chief cause for rejoicing is Ray Ellinwood,sophomore from River Forest. Ellinwood this yearhas run the 440 under 49 seconds, which is faster thanthe winning time last year, and has covered the half-mile in 1 :55.The dash men are good enough to pick up pointsin dual meets but not in the Conference. Leading candidates include three halfbacks, Co-captain Jay Berwanger, Ned Bartlett and Adolph Schuessler, and EdKrause. John Beal, junior who won most of the dualmeet hurdle events last year but fell- in the Conferencemeet, is the outstanding Maroon hurdler and may placehigh in the Conference meet this year ; Nat Newman willmake points in dual meets. In the 440 event there ispresent a fast field and the makings of an exceptionalmile-relay team. With Ellinwood as the ace there areavailable Co-captain Bob Johnstone and George Hal-crow, the latter a sophomore from Hyde Park High, bothof whom can do :51, and several men who may do :51.5.Ellinwood is a standout at the half-mile distance. Forthe one-mile and two-mile races the talent is not promising, since Ed Rapp, letterman last year, had to withdrawfrom the squad because of illness. Berwanger shouldmake 48 ft. in the shot-put, which would normally placehim well up in the Conference. Pole vault and high-jump candidates are short of top-flight Conference performance. John Beal and Norman Masterson do perhaps 6 ft. in the high jump. Berwanger, Stuart Abel,John Ballenger and Theron Steele do perhaps 12 ft. in2526 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe pole vault. Berwanger and Johnstone are betterthan capable broad- jumpers but this event is not included in the Conference meet, although it is scheduledin some dual meets.The gymnastics team, never previously below second place in 23 years of Big Ten competition, winner offifteen out of nineteen Big Ten meets, including the previous five, last year finished fourth in the Conferencemeet. Prospects are for a better rank this year, althoughprobably not first rank. Mainstays are Co-captainsEmery Fair and Peter Schneider, and the exceptionalcoaching ability of Dan Hoffer. The fencing team lookslike a winner, with three lettermen, Campbell Wilson,Leland Winter and Louis Marks, returning. In wrestling several newcomers, including Bob Finwall, 145pounder, who was injured last year, and Fred Lehn-hardt, football player, at 175 pounds, add strength to thesquad.The swimming team boasts several fine free-stylemen, chief among them Capt. Charles Wilson, but lacksbalanced strength in the breast-stroke and backstroke;water polo prospects are good. Under the regime of Nelson Metcalf the variety of athletic and exercise offeringsfor students has beeri increased. Latest developments arethe flooding of the large area under the North Stand forice skating and the development of an ice-hockey teamunder Dan Hoffer which may soon seek outside competition, and the revival of interest in rifle and pistol shooting.* * *To Jay Berwanger, greatest Chicago athlete of recent times, December brought such a shower of honorsas has never before fallen to a Maroon. All were deserved; Jay took them with the same modest, seriousself -containment that characterized his attitude towardhis. earlier honors, just as he took bruises and touchdowns, in stride. He was the universal choice for Ail-American left halfback. A partial list of those who selected him for first All- American teams is as follows :Associated Press, United Press, International NewsService, All-America Board, Newspaper Enterprise Association, North American Newspaper Alliance, Collier's Magazine (Grantland Rice), Liberty Magazine (byvote of opposing players), Fox Movietone News, PatheNews, Fritz Crisler in "Young America," and NewYork Sun. He won the 1935 Chicago Tribune trophy,a full-size silver football, as the most valuable player tohis team in the Big Ten, receiving the largest vote (byConference coaches, officials, and two Tribune representatives) in the twelve-year history of the competition.The Downtown Athletic Club of New York, on the voteof sports writers, named him "most valuable player eastof the Mississippi," and presented him with a largetrophy in a ceremony at New York ; the Touchdown Clubof New York made him a life-member. In a poll of midwest Associated Press writers he was named, for the second successive year, as "the outstanding athlete of theBig Ten." Pie received the Douglas Fairbanks trophy(by vote of opposing players) as "the most valuable collegiate football player of 1935." The Detroit Yacht Club,in a ceremony at Detroit, will present him with a trophyas an outstanding athlete. Another Associated Press poll named him the fourth greatest athlete in the UnitedStates, professional or amateur, *£or 1935; Jay was preceded in this poll by Joe Louis, fighter, Lawson Little,golfer, and Jesse Owens, sprinter, with Mickey Cochrane,baseball player, taking fifth. Grantland Rice, in a specialarticle, named him one of the greatest backfield men ofall time, along with Jim Thorpe, Eddie Mahan, RedGrange and George Gipp.Jay has no definite plans for the future. No doubthe will receive tempting offers from professional football teams. He would prefer a position of promise inbusiness. His immediate goals are a degree in the Schoolof Business and a place on the American Olympic team.As for the latter his aim is to be one of America's threerepresentatives in the decathlon. At present he is probably not better than sixth in the country but he expectsto improve his marks in four or five events within thecoming five months. Knowing Berwanger, we think hecan do it. As a sophomore he placed fourth in the Kansas decathlon. Last year, because of a knee injury andthe necessity of leading spring football practice, he hadvery little track competition. He is strong in the dashes,hurdles, weights and broad jump. He is not so strongin the high jump, pole vault and longer runs. KeithBrown, former Yale star, is grooming him in the polevault. Another Maroon undergraduate who is an Olympic possibility is Campbell Wilson, fencer, who is one ofthe few men west of the eastern seaboard chosen to formthe nucleus of the group from which the American teamwill be selected.Satisfaction was general when the athletic department announced the scheduling of a Harvard-Chicagohome-and-home football series for 1938 and 1939. TheMaroons will meet Harvard at Cambridge Nov. 5, 1938.Harvard will come to the Midway Oct. 14, 1939. Thesecond game of the Princeton-Chicago series, which hadbeen projected for 1937 and 1938, has been cancelled atPrinceton's request. Princeton will play at Chicago Oct.16, 1937, and the Harvard at Cambridge game will replace the Princeton game at Princeton which had beenscheduled for 1938. Chicago and Harvard have nevermet on the gridiron ; indeed, Harvard's team has seldomcome west.The 1935 football dinner given by the ChicagoAlumni Club December 5th was the most successful inthe history of the event. The dinner attracted an attendance above 1,200. Chief entertainment was thepremiere showing of a three-reel motion picture of Chicago's 1935 football season, mostly Jay Berwanger. Berwanger received the alumni trophy as the most valuableplayer ; Sam Whiteside and Prescott Jordan the trophiesto the most valuable players who had received the leastrecognition; Ewald Nyquist that for the best blocker;Merritt Bush that for the best tackier ; and Gordon Petersen that of the most versatile player. The team electedWhiteside and Jordan co-captains for 1936. This wasthe first time co-captains have been elected in football.Later in the month Director Metcalf announced the completion of the 1936 football schedule, which is as follows:Sept. 26 — Lawrence at Chicago; Oct. 3 — Vanderbilt atTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 27Chicago; Oct. 10 — Butler at Chicago; Oct. 17 — Purdueat Chicago; Oct. 31 — Wisconsin at Madison; Nov. 7 —of most students. These tasks are therefore assigned toprofessional people who are in sympathy with such auniversity project.The role of Iphigenia, marooned for fifteen years onthe island of Tauris in the service of Diana, will be sungby Mary Ann Kaufman, Chicago dramatic soprano. Therole is conceded to be one of the most taxing in allheroic classic opera, and between the superb phrases ofher splendid singing, Miss Kaufman will probably beglad to pause in her rehearsal long enough to tell youthat this is about the biggest assignment she has undertaken, and that Stravinsky and Honegger don't hold acandle to it.Miss Kaufman has as feminine associates in thecast Alice Mary Baenziger (U. of C. '32, and now amember of the Chicago City Opera Company) and Dorothy Hartshorne (wife of Professor Charles Hartshorneof the philosophy department). Her friends of the lessgentle sex are Robert Long, tenor, as Pylades, and PaulPence, baritone, as Orestes, who has been called the firstgreat male character in the history of opera. Both Mr.Long and Mr. Pence are members of the Chicago CityOpera, and both are pupils of Mary Garden. The roleof Thoas, Iphigenia's chief tormentor, will be sung by Ohio State at Columbus ; Nov. 14 — Indiana at Chicago ;Nov. 21 — Illinois at Chicago.Earle Wilkie, cantor of the University of ChicagoChapel, and Paul Hume, a student in the music department, will be a Scythian.The performance will be under the direction of CecilMichener Smith, of the music department. Associatedwith him are Marian Van Tuyl, the director of the University's Orchesis, the dance organization; Carl Brickenof the music department, who is rehearsing the orchestra; John Pratt, '33 and Stirling Dickinson (author ofMexican Odyssey, a new book you mustn't miss), whoare designing costumes and stage settings; and CharlesPolachek (brother of Dena Polachek, 38 , a music student), who is stage director. A large cohort of students,headed by Thomas Turner and William Long, Jr., areputting in many spare hours.Without undue self-congratulation, the music department can point put that this performance and theproduction of Jaromir Weinberger's Schwanda the Bagpipe Player scheduled for April 20 present operaticnovelties both more important and more pleasant thanany offered elsewhere in Chicago this season. Increasingly each year the University of Chicago comes closerto the position of musical leadership in the city whichultimately it may be able to claim.Basketball Roster, 1935-36Name Pos, Yr. Age Ht. Wt."Amundsen, Paul A C 0 19 &5" 185 ~Antonic, George G 0 19 6'2" 185. Bell, Edward N .G 1 20 6' 172Berlin, Irving B F 0 20 6'2" 162Bickel, Norman G 1 19 6'2" 177Chuculate, Richard W G 0 22 5'11" 147*Dorsey, Richard F G 1 21 6'1" 179Durbin, Howard B G 0 18 6'3" 195Eggemeyer, John F 0 19 6'1" 165Fitzgerald, Robert E G 0 19 6'1" 178Gillerlain, Wm. J. , G 1 19 6'3" 185Gordon, James R F 0 19 6' 165Grau, Chester F G 0 21 5'10" 145*Haarlow, Wm. A. (Capt.).F 2 20 6'1" 172*Kaplan, Stanley M G 1 21 5'9>4" 145Kellogg, Harry M F 1 20 6'1" 165Kolar, George G F 0 18 6'1" 150*Lang, William J F 2 21 5'10" 160LeFevre, David A G 1 20 6'2" 180Levey, Fred M F 0 19 5'9^" 146Loitz, Eli E G 0 18 & 188?Petersen, Gordon C C 2 21 6'4" 189Petersen, Kendall C. . . G 0 1.8 6'3y2 " 190Rossin, Morris M G 0 18 5'11" 155Trojka, Henry F F 0 20 5'10" 152Upton, Robert C F 0 19 6' 160* Winner of major letter in basketball."Yr." indicates past varsity competition. High School and Exp.Bowen, Chicago .".3East Chicago, Ind 2Harvard School, Chicago and Shattuck . . 2Marshall, Chicago 3Oak Park, 111 2Roe, Wichita, Kan . . . 1Streator, 111 3Wiley, Terre Haute, Ind 3Morton, Richmond, Ind 2Yankton, So. Dakota 3Bowen, Chicago 0Roosevelt, Chicago 3Morton, Cicero, 111. (lights) 2Bowen, Chicago . . . . 3Morgan Pk. Mil., Chicago 3Parker, Chicago 0Morton, Cicero, 111. (lights) 2St. Rita, Chicago 3Elkhart, Ind 2Oak Park, 111. (lights) 4Hirsch, Chicago . . .0Poly, Long Beach, Cal.. 2Poly, Long Beach, Cal 3Hyde Park, Chicago (lights) 2Morton, Cicero, 111 0Deerfield Acad., Mass 2IPHIGENIA IN TAURIS {Continued from Page 5)NEWS OF THE CLASSESCOLLEGE1896Mr. and Mrs. Walter A. Payne arespending these few months in Californiaand may be addressed in care of ThomasCook and Son, 520 West Sixth St., LosAngeles.1897Waldo Preston Breeden, Pittsburghattorney-at-law, likes swimming, golfing, horseback riding, and charitablework. His daughter, Juanita E. Breeden, was married on the 23rd of September, 1935, to Robert J. Hester, Jr.,of Coral Gables, Florida.Dr. Maurice Rubel, personal physician for Governor Horner and a member of the advisory committee of thestate board of health, was recentlyawarded the Cross of the Legion ofHonor by the French government. M.Rene Weiller, French consul, bestowedthe honor at Dr. Rubel's home.1900Clara Alice Overhiser (Mrs. I. L.Frye) may be addressed at 4416 MountVernon Street, Houston, Texas.1902January 1, 1936, marked the date ofAlice G. Hosmer's retirement fromteaching in Somerville, Mass.Ebba Anderson Neilson, 6319 Alexander Drive, St. Louis, Mo., is anactive member of the St. Louis CollegeClub, Association of American University Women, Wednesday and Woman'sClub of St. Louis University MedicalSchool. Her husband is Dr. CharlesHugh Neilson, PhD'03, MD'05.1904Edgar B. Wells is a teacher andhead assistant at the St. Louis HighSchool. Of his three children, Harold,Frances and Earl, the oldest son, Harold is now studying at Purdue.1907John Simpson Abbott is secretaryof the Institute of Margarine Manufacturers, 1116 Woodward Building,Washington, D. C.1908Charles L. Baker has accepted anappointment at the Texas AgriculturalCollege, where he succeeds Dr. Lonsdale.The Museum of Science and Industryin Jackson Park, Chicago, possessessome twenty thousand rare and oddvolumes, as well as pamphlets, photographs, charts, prints and maps connected with the history and development of science and industry. Thelibrary is regarded by authorities as oneof the most interesting in the countryand is considered as being just as important as the machines, models and other exhibits in the museum itself.Credit for making the library what itis today goes to Mary Bostwick Day,librarian for the past six years. Wequote Miss Day from the Daily News:"We are open free to the public eachday of the week and on Sunday afternoons. As a result, thousands of technical experts as well as school and university students come here to do research work. Children come as frequently as older people. Our library iscramped, but we are building a newone on the third floor where there willbe plenty of room."1909The principal of the Gundlach Schoolof St. Louis, Mo., William D. Buchanan, AM'22, reports that theschool is the newest eighth grade schoolin the city with its gyms, assemblyrooms and manual arts center.Sister Antonia McHugh, PhM'10,is President of The College of St. Catherine, St. Paul, Minnesota.1910Lomira Perry, AM'33, is registeredat University of Chicago and is working toward her Doctor's Degree inHistory.Edith Reider (Mrs. Carl A. Barron), short story writer, will be at Melbourne Beach, Florida, until May.1911Morgan L. Eastman directs the Edison Symphony Orchestra on NBC.1914Bernice E. Clark, AM'28, spent hersummer motoring in the West and vacationing in the Rockies at dude ranchesand the national parks, with a ten days'stop at Denver during the N. E. A. Sheheads the Department of Mathematicsat the Riley High School in SouthBend.Bernard Benjamin Burg is educational adviser for the CCC at CampS-53, near Georgetown, Delaware.This past summer Rachel M. Foote,AM'31, went traveling. From Dallas,Texas, where she is the dean of theForest Avenue High School, she wentto Montreal and Quebec, came downthe Atlantic seaboard to Florida,whence she journeyed to Cuba and returned to Dallas.1915S. R. Bumann, AM'21, is with theTexas Company of New York City asthe Supervisor of Education.Ginn and Company are the publishers of How Our Civilization Began,written by Mary G. Kelty, AM'24, 5519University Ave., Chicago.1916Alice Adams continues her work atthe Central State Teachers College in Mount Pleasant, Mich., as third gradesupervisor.1918Mr. W. Goodell Crawford and Mrs.Crawford (Marian Amy) are now lining at 1233 French Avenue, LakewoodOhio. Mr. Crawford has his offices inCleveland as the Ohio representative ofthe American Bank Note Company.Clarence L. Miller, AM' 19, is anewly appointed member of the facultyof James Millikin University.1919Helen Bennett (Mrs. Clayton W.Watkins) has three fine children —Thomas, 10 ; Caroline, 5 ; and Louise, 3Her address: 1121 N. 38 St., Lincoln^Nebraska.John Grover Bradley is archivistand chief of the Division of MotionPictures and Sound Recordings for theNational Archives, Washington, D. C.1920Roy L. Beckelhymer, SM'25, is district geologist in charge of the Houston, Texas, district for the United GasSystem.On leave from Waller High Schoolof Chicago, Leona R. Talbot, AM'21,is studying at the University of Texas.Address : 2107 San Antonia Street,Austin, Tex.1921Theresa E. Baller, counselor at theJohn Burroughs Junior High School,was elected president of the Los Angeles Counselors' Association on November 15, 1935.P. Hastings Keller is now doingconsulting work in Michigan withoffices at 703 South Capitol Avenue,Lansing.Jessie R. Mann retired from theNormal Illinois State Teachers Collegelast June with the rank of emeritus, andis continuing to live at 336 AugustaAvenue, DeKalb, 111.Belle C. Scofield is supervisor ofArt in the Public Schools of Indianapolis, Ind. She is president of the Western Arts Association and also of theArt Section of the Indiana State Teachers Association. Two of her paintingsin oil done during the summers wereshown recently in the Indiana ArtistsExhibit at Ayres Store.1922Nicholas B. Clinch is president ofthe Rainbo Baking Company of Cincinnati, Ohio. iMaurice DeKoven is at present engaged as an attorney in the Securitiesand Exchange Commission in Washington, D. C. His new address is 1711Rhode Island Ave., N. W.R. C. T.^ Jacobs, AM'26, who is District Principal of the Lagow and Has-sell Public Schools of Dallas, was ap-28THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 29pointed last October a member of theEditorial Committee of the Department0f Elementary School Principals of theN. E. A. to edit the yearbook of theDepartment.Recently appointed a member of theState Curriculum Committee to revisethe course in elementary science, ElgaM. Shearer continues to supervise elementary education in the Long Beach,Calif., Public Schools.1923The department of Astronomy andGeology at Bay City (Michigan) Junior College is headed by J. H. George,AM'25.Harold F. Moses is associated withthe Carter Oil Company at Mt. Pleasant, Michigan.1924Agnes L. Adams is acting-chairmanof the Supervision Department of theNational College of Education, Evanston, 111.Appleton Century Company publishedWinifred E. Bain's book this year entitled Parents Look At Modern Education. Miss Bain is assistant professorof education at the New College ofTeachers College, Columbia University.One of the newly assigned teachers ofCrane Technical High School this fallwas Margaret Cleary, AM'32.Oliver C. Clifford, Jr., is now withthe Continental Oil Company at PoncaCity, Oklahoma.For the past six months, Hilda A.Gunell has been teaching at the Friends Seminary, New York City.William Harold Winner is withthe Pure Oil Company of Chicago asaccountant and auditor.1925Head of the Physical Science Department at the Parker High School in Chicago, Harry D. Baird, AM'28, is engaged in curriculum research in connection with the Aikin eight-year experiment.Mary R. Barnette attended theWorld Congress held at Oxford, England, this August, as a representative ofthe secondary division of the N. E. A.,and then returned to Cincinnati, Ohio,to resume her teaching duties at theHughes High School.Eleanor M. Johnson is the Editorial Director of the American Education Press, 40 South Third St., Columbus, Ohio, which publishes fivechildren's newspapers and school books.Elsie V. Sindt, primary supervisorat the West High School, Waterloo,Iowa, was president of the local teachers association for 1934-35.Ruby M. Williamson was recentlyappointed principal of the SouthwestSchool of Independence, Mo.1926David Cameron, English teacherand football coach at Evanston Township High School, reports that he hasone child now a year and a half old.Quoting from the Democrat-Times:"Nelson Trimble Levings of Leving-shire Plantation, Moorhead, Miss., state ¦**r, i^fr | IH1 SUNfuteNo better winter tonic.no finer restf for body and mind than a vacation inNassau. Come, relax on coral beachesand let the sun and bracing sea air do itsmiracles. Play golf, tennis, go fishing, sailing,swimming or riding. Forget winter . . . forgeteverything but the beauty that is Nassau's. Itsint charm, its tinted houses, its brilliant flowers.Come by ocean liner or plane. Make new friends,experience new thrills. Live luxuriously but moderately at Nassau's modern hotels or rent your oceancottage and garden by the sea. Consult your travelNASSAU Bahamas Information Bureau30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York CityORSSBU'pG/UU&sZC .»THII IIOI o* HiavimDEVELOPMENT BOARD-NASSAU, BAHAMASONLY Ovenizing CAN GIVE THATMARVELOUS SWEET SMOKE FLAVOREven if it weren't Ovenized, Swift'sPremium Bacon would still be mild.It's mildness comes from the famousPremium cure. But with this specialmildness, you get a grand, newflavor. You get a rich tang fromfragrant hardwood smoke — a definite,delicious sweet smoke' taste, different from that of any other bacon.It's the Ovenizing that gives this bacon its extra goodness. Ovenizing,you know, is Swift's own way ofsmoking bacon, in ovens.There's a real flavor treat awaitingyou in Swift's Premium Bacon.Make it a point to try some. Seefor yourself why this unique blendof mildness with rich flavor hasmade it the largest selling bacon inthe world.SWIFT'S PREMIUMBACON30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESCHOOL DIRECTORYBOYS' SCHOOLS GIRLS' SCHOOLSWILLISTON ACADEMY The MARY C. WHEELER SCHOOLUNUSUAL educational opportunities at modestcost. Endowment over half a million. Over150 graduates in 40 colleges. New recreationalcenter, gymnasium, swimming pool. Experienced, understanding masters. Separate JuniorSchool.Address Archibald V. Galbraith, HeadmasterBox 3, Easthampton, Mass. A school modern in spirit, methods, equipment, rich intraditions. Excellent college preparatory record. Generalcourse with varied choice of subjects. Post Graduate.Class Music, Dancing, Dramatics, and Art. an integral part of curriculum. Leisure for hobbies. Dailysports. 170 acre farm — riding, hunting, hockey. Separate residence and life adapted to younger girls.Catalogue.Mary Helena Dey, M.A., PrincipalProvidence, Rhode IslandROXBURY SCHOOL LOW-HEYWOODCheshire, ConnecticutFor boys 11 years and olderFlexible organization and painstaking supervision of each boy's program offer opportunityfor exceptional scholastic progress and generaldevelopment.A. N. Sheriff, HeadmasterPEDDIE scnhooidowed•B-*-*-^ for BoysPeddie specializes in preparing boys for college. Outof 373 boys graduated in last five years, 302 have entered colleges such as Yale, Princeton, Dartmouth, Harvard, Brown. Cornell, Pennsylvania, Mass. Institute ofTechnology. 150-acre campus. 15 modern buildings.Near Princeton. Separate school for younger boys. Allsports for all. School golf course. Summer session.71st year. Catalog.Wilbour E. Saunders, HeadmasterBox D, Hightstown, N. J.SECRETARIAL SCHOOLKATHARINE GIBBSSecretarial Executive AcademicTwo-Year Course — First year six collegiate subjects: second year intensive secretarial training.One year course of brood business training.Special Course, College Women. Day, Residentin N. Y., Boston. Catalog. Office of Admissions.New York Boston Providence247 Park Ave. 90 Marlboro St. 155 Angell St.Optional Spring Session in BermudaCOUPONFOR COMPLETE SCHOOL ANDCAMP INFORMATION, FILL OUTAND MAIL THIS FORM TO THEGRADUATE SCHOOL SERVICE, 30ROCKEFELLER PLAZA, N. Y.Student's Age Sex Religion Rate.Location Preferred Type of School Preferred Type of Camp Preferred Remarks Name Address On the Sound — At Shippan PointEstablished 1865Preparatory to the Leading Colleges forWomen. Also General Course. Art and Music.Separate Junior School. Outdoor Sports. Onehour from New York.MARY ROGERS ROPER, HeadmistressBox G, Stamford, ConnecticutCO-EDUCATIONAL SCHOOLMORNING FACE *£.££»A small boarding school for boys and girls fromfour to fourteen. Prepares for leading secondary schools. Men and women teachers whounderstand children. Intimate home life.For information addressMrs. Eleanor Runkle Crane, directorRichmond, Mass.COLLEGESCHICAGO COLLEGE OFDENTAL SURGERYDental School ofLOYOLA UNIVERSITYOffers a four year dental course requiring for matriculation thirty semester hoursof approved college credit in specified subjects.The three year dental course requiressixty semester hours of approved collegecredit in specified subjects.In the near future the requirements formatriculation will be two years of college credit and the dental curriculum afour year course.Graduate courses offered in selectedsubjects.For details addressThe RegistrarChicago College of Dental SurgeryDental School of Loyola University1757 "West Harrison St. Chicago, I1LIATIONAL COLLEGE ofEDUCATION49th yearN1 International reputation# for superiorscholarship and distinguished faculty.Teacher training in Nursery School,Kindergarten and Elementary Grades. Exceptional placement record. Demonstration School,Dormitories, Athletics. For catalog write, EdnaDean Baker, Pres., Box 625-A, Evanston, 111. liberal Democratic leader, has recentlybeen appointed to the personal staff ofGovernor-elect Hugh L. White withthe rank of colonel. Levings, cottonplanter and former banker, was activein the pre-convention campaign forRoosvelt in 1931. He led the wetforces in Mississippi in an attempt tohave this controversial question votedon separately on its own merits insteadof being tied up with confusing liquorbills. He was talked of as a candidatefor Governor last Spring.,,Reading Readiness by M. LucileHarrison, AM'33, associate professorof Kindergarten-Primary Education atthe Colorado State of Education, hasbeen accepted by Houghton Mifflin Publishing Company and will be out earlyin 1936.M. King Hubbert, SM'28,Bhas beencontinuing his earth resistivity measurements in Southern Illinois on a cooperative project for the U. S. Geological Survey and the Illinois State Geological Survey.1927Dorothea K. Adolph, first gradeteacher in the Malvern School ofShaker Heights, Ohio, is doing somegraduate work during the year at Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O.Louise Duncan (Mrs. J. BernardCarson) is teaching English in CantonHigh School, West Asheville, N. C.And still the number of alumni inWashington, D. C, continues to grow.Ernest L. Hoge is working on theFarm Credit Administration and is living at 1681 Columbia Road, N. W.Kenneth W. Stott is SupervisingEngineer with the State of New Jerseyat Trenton.1928For this year, Christian Miller,AM'29, Registrar and Assistant Professor of German at the College ofPuget Sound, presides over the Northwest Association of Collegiate Registrars.The traffic representative for the National Railways of Mexico is FrancisT. Scanlon. His home address is 8201South Green Street, Chicago.Olga Smith (Mrs. Albert J. Peterson) continues to enjoy studying theFrench language and finds time to keepit up as her hobby in addition to beinga suburban housewife, 457 South VineStreet, Hinsdale, 111.Jack Stewart is co-pilot on "a passenger plane of the United Air Lines,flying between Chicago and points east.Jeannette Birnie does the psychological testing for the Saginaw SchoolSystem of Michigan besides supervisingthe Longfellow and Jessie Loomis Elementary Schools. '"l>Edna E. Eisen, SM'30, is a newlyappointed member of the faculty of KentState LTniversity, Kent-, Ohio. Her titleis assistant professor of Geography.John W. Freeman of 5543 Dorchester Ave., Chicago, deals with Life Insurance and Annuities. Mrs. FreemanTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 31(Evelyn G. Stockdale, ex '30) andhe are the parents of John W. Freeman,Jr., born July 12, 1935.1929Samuel S. Frey, SM'31, is instructing Chemistry in the High School atCalumet City, 111.Edith Harris, teacher of Englishliterature at South High School, Akron,Ohio, likes "going places" with herfather, Fielder B. Harris, '10, SM'16.Three times they have traveled overparts of Virginia, Pennsylvania, andMaryland, seeking out ancestral homesand records, enjoying it all. This lastsummer they did not take any long tripsbecause Mr. Harris was very ill; however, he is much better now and haspublished the family history he has beenworking on for nearly forty years. Andit is not merely a family tree but isfull of stories, poems, and wills of centuries ago of historical as well as offamily interest.1930William F. Calohan, formerly serving the United Gas System in the Laredo district, has been appointed generaloffice geologist for the same company atHouston.For the past year and a half, EdwardB. Espenshade, SM'32, has been activein building up the Map Library whichis housed in Rosenwald Hall. This library bids fair to become the largest ofits kind, judging from present plans.Recently the work has been extended toinclude aerial photographs for geological and geographical study. A largestereoscope for viewing the overlappingphotographs has been purchased jointlyby the Geology and Geography departments.Erma Hearn, AM'33, is a new member of the faculty of the Training Schoolof Bowling Green State University andis doing critic work in the first grade.Marcita Halkyard received a newappointment recently as the AssistantGeneral Supervisor of the Joliet (Illinois) Public Schools.From the Subsurface Division, William C. Imbt, SM'32, has been transferred to the Oil and Gas Division, ofthe State Geological Survey at Urbanato assist A. H. Bell.1931Olive V. Balsly, mathematics teacherat Hyde Park High School, Chicago,received her master's degree this December from Teachers College at Columbia University.Elma Gansevoort was recently appointed a kindergarten teacher at theCleveland School of Manitowoc, Wis.Georgina M. Melba is teachingshorthand, typewriting, and secretarialstudies at Morris High School, Morris,111.Mr. and Mrs. George H. Otto arenow located in Pasadena, California,where he is engaged in research onproblems bearing on soil erosion at theCalifornia Institute of Technology.Now teaching at the HawthorneSchool in Oak Park, Louise Sidonie Schoenberg expects to get her AMdegree in June, 1936.Alden B. Stevens is with the National Park Service, Washington, D. C.Eleanor J. Tatge has been appointedto a position in the bibliographic section of the Geological Society of America, under the direction of J. M. Nickles,at Washington, D. C.E. H. Stevens is teaching geology atthe Colorado Schools of Mines, Golden,Colorado.1932C. A. Almer is teaching the seventhand eighth grades at the Dewey Elementary School in Chicago.Edna V. Ballard is a clerk and hascharge of the book department in a bookand stationery store, otherwise knownas the Edson C. Eastman Co., in Concord, N. H.Viola Bower, AM'33, is a recentlyappointed member of the faculty of theUniversity High School of the University of Illinois. Her subjects are English and Remedial Reading.John Vincent Healy is the authorof a poem Portrait of a Bachelor Brokerthat has been reprinted from the NewMasses and issued in a limited edition,which is selling at a dollar the copy.Jack L. Hough, SM'34, spent thepast summer at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, where he continued his researches on oceanography. Mr. Houghrecently published a comprehensive paper on the bottom sediments of LakeMichigan, which appeared in the August issue of the lournal of SedimentaryPetrology.Dorothy R. Mohr, AM'33, is at theArgo High School in Argo, Illinois, asa mathematics teacher and director ofgirls' physical education. She was headcounsellor at Sunset Camp this pastsummer.Eleanor Slusser and Walter G.Moxey were married this summer andnow reside at McAlester. Oklahoma,where Mr. Moxey is employed by theStanolind Oil Co.1933Ruth E. Bradshaw is a student atthe University of Iowa. Address: Currier Hall, University of Iowa.Dorothy A. Brosi, AM'34, is teaching fifth grade in the University of Chicago Elementary School and is living atInternational House.Since October 21, Clyde L. Fischer,AM'35, has been teaching mathematicsat the Manati High School in Manati,Puerto Rico. He had been teaching inPuerto Rico for two months as a teacherof English in the elementary school atJuncos previous to receiving his present appointment.N. Eileen Humiston is now teaching at the Willard School in Marietta,Ohio.Chart es Reavis Shanner, AM'35,is teaching at the Hammond HighSchool.George Otis Bollman of Piano,Illinois, is the Kendall county administrator of I. E. R. C. "An amazing book— probably thefinest biography that has yet comefrom an American."—Chicago Journal of CommerceJane AddamsA BIOGRAPHYBy JAMES WEBER LINN"A model for American biographers." — Harry Hansen,N. Y. World Telegram."Will acquire rank as one of thevery greatest biographies in theEnglish language."— Dr. Preston Bradley."Jane Addams walks throughthese pages with a challenge tothe innermost depths of those whofor the briefest moment haveglimpsed the ideals to which herlife was dedicated."— N. Y. Times.The authorized life of JaneAddams. "Fascinating, important,comprehensive, accurate."— N. Y. Herald Tribune.Illustrated4th printing. At All Bookseller s- $3.50D. APPLETON - CENTURY COMPANY35 West 32nd Street New YorkBLACKSTONEHALLanExclusive Women's Hotelin theUniversity of Chicago DistrictOffering Graceful Living to University and Business Women atModerate TariffBLACKSTONE HALL5748 TelephoneBlackstone Ave. Plaia 3313Verna P. Werner, DirectorTHE OLDEST CAMP IN THE WESTCAMP HIGHLANDSFOR BOYSSAYNER, WISCONSINThree Camps— 8-12: 13-14: 15-17Woodcraft, Athletic and Water Sports,Music, Photography, Scouting, Long CanoeTrips, Riding, Shooting, Shop, Nature Lore,Camping Trips, Unexcelled Equipment,Experienced Staff, Doctor-Nurse.WRITE THE DIRECTOR FOR CATALOGW. J. MONILAW, M. D.5712 Kenwood Ave., ChicagoBOARDINC SCHOOLSFree Catalogs of ALL in U. S. Price*.ratings., etc. Inspector's advice. Alsosmall COLLEGES and Junior Colleges.Only office maintained by the schools.American Schools Assn., 27th year, 921Marshall Field Annex, 24 N. Wabash.Central 6646. Chicago.V. C. Beebe, U. of C. '05, Sec'y.Camps- Information32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAlbert Teachers1 Agency25 E. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoEstablished 1885. Placement Bureau for menand women in all kinds of teaching positions.Large and alert College and State Teachers' College departments for Doctors and Masters: foityper cent of our business. Critic and Grade Supervisors for Normal Schools placed every year inlarge numbers: excellent opportunities. Specialteachers of Home Economics. Business Administration, Music, and Art. secure fine positions throughus every year. Private Schools in all parts of thecountry among our best patrons: good salaries. Wellprepared High School teachers wanted for city andsuburban High Schools. Special manager handlesGrade and Critic work. Send for folder today.Serving the Medical Professionsince i8q5V. MUELLER & CO.SURGEONS INSTRUMENTSHOSPITAL AND OFFICEFURNITUREORTHOPEDIC APPLIANCES•Phone Seeley 2181, all departmentsOgden Ave., Van Buren andHonore StreetsChicagoHAIRREMOVEDFOREVER16 Years' ExperienceFree ConsultationLOTTIE A. METCALFEGraduate NurseELECTROLYSIS EXPERTMultiple 20 platinum needles can beused.Permanent removal of Hair from Face,Eyebrows, Back of Neck or any partof Body; destroys 200 to 600 Hair Rootsper hour.Removal of Facial Veins, Moles andWarts.Member American Assn. Medical Hydrologyand Physical Therapy$1.75 per Treatment for HairTelephone FRA 4885Suite 1705, Stevens Bldg.17 No. State St.SUPERFLUOUSHAIRPositivelyDestroyed!Your BeautyRestoredELECTROLYSISis the only method endorsed by physicians.We are the inventors of multiple needle electrolysis and leaders for 40 years in removalof superfluous hair, moles and warts. Nopan — no scars — experienced operators andreasonable rates for guaranteed work.MADAME STIVERSuite 1009 Marshall Field Annex25 £.. Washington St.Clip Ad for Booklet or Call Central 4639 1934Nadine A. Hines (Mrs. HaydenThomas) is now living at 419 MainStreet, Aurora, 111.William Earl Lee is principal ofthe Junior High School of Park Ridge,111.Manhattan (111.) High School Principal, Wiley Ray Holloway, AM'35,is engaged on the problem of determining the general and mathematical abilityof the inmates of the Joliet penitentiary.1935The kindergarten teacher at theRoosevelt School, St. Louis County,Missouri, is Catherine E. Stevens.Lou Williams, SM'35, recentlycompleted the manuscript of an elementary book on minerals and rocks forchildren of grammar school age.Marion A. Zoch, Chicago teacher,spent this past summer in a second tourthrough Italy, Switzerland and Germany.Ruby May Schuyler was appointedhead of the Lower School of Milwaukee-Downer Seminary last fall.Grace I. Crawford is principal ofthe Elementary Schools of Elgin andalso supervisor of Reading for the ElginPublic Schools.Rachel H. Cummings of Duluth,Minn., is a kindergarten teacher at theCobb School.Robert M. Grogan has been appointed research assistant to G. A. Thielat the University of Minnesota.MASTERS1912William F. Clarke, AM, professorof Psychology and Education at theDuluth State Teachers College, hascompleted a translation of Beck's Bibi-schie Seelenlehre.1915B. Clifford Hendriks, SM, is associate professor of Chemistry at theUniversity of Nebraska.1916For the past ten years, Elmer B.Brown, AM, has been a member of thefaculty of Central Missouri StateTeachers College, Warrensburg, Mo.1917Charles C. Root, AM, is this yearacting as director of Training and chairman of Placement Committee aswell as professor and head of the Department of Education at the StateTeachers College of Buffalo, N. Y.1918J. G. Lowery, AM, a member of theOhio Senate from 1931-1937, is theauthor of the new Teacher's Certification Code for Ohio, Senate Bill 66, aspassed by the General Assembly inMay, 1935.1921In addition to superintending theschool of Newington, Charles M.Larcomb, AM, is now an instructor inthe Department of Education at YaleUniversity.1922Writing verse and playing withbrushes and paints amuses Mattie M.Dykes, AM, after her teaching hoursare finished at the State Teachers College in Maryville, Mo.This year Leslie O. Taylor, AM, isacting head of the department of Education of the Municipal University ofOmaha and secretary of Phi AlumniChapter of Phi Delta Kappa.1923D. E. Walker is in his third year assuperintendent of the Evanston SouthSide Schools. For fifteen years he wasassistant superintendent under Mr.Nicholas.1924Wilber Emmert, AM, was presidentof the Department of Visual Educationof N. E. A. for 1934-35, has beenelected president of the Kiwanis Clubof Indiana, Pa., for 1936 and is president of the Philatelic Society of hiscity. Last August he took a twenty-fiveday West Indies Cruise before returning to the directorship of the StateTeachers College.Charles T. Goodsell, AM, has become Acting President of KalamazooCollege, Michigan.Raymond H. White, AM, is working at Teachers College, Columbia University, this year on the doctorate inschool administration.1925Glenn Bartle has been appointedChairman of the Department of Geology and Geography at the Universityof Kansas City, Missouri.The supervisor of grades four, fiveCampbell Eisele & Polich, Ltd.SPECIAL REDUCTIONS ON ALL GARMENTS ORDERED DURINGJANUARY AND FEBRUARY8 South Michigan Avenue — Fourth FloorTelephone State 3863THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 33and six in the Hammond Public Schoolsis Hazel Floyd, AM.The University of Oklahoma conferred on John T. Hefley, AM, his decree of Doctor of Education last June.Hefley instructs Education at the Oklahoma A. & M. College.Harold V. Lucas, AM, went toHonolulu in September, 1925, and wasthere seven years as Boys' Work Secretary before being transferred to theIsland of Hawaii, headquarters in Hilo,in March, 1932, to initiate the Y. M.C. A. program on that island. His titleis executive secretary of the HawaiiCounty Y. M. C. A. Outstanding eventsin the last ten years are a trip to Japanin 1929 to attend the InternationalY. M. C A. Camp and also a sevenmonths' journey around the world in1933 as a honeymoon after his marriageto Leonora Gregson. They now havea daughter, Ramona Ann, born August29, 1934. Lucas' chief avocation iswriting verses and he has published abooklet entitled So This Is Hawaii.Amy Irene Moore, AM, math supervisor at the Training School of More-head State Teachers College, reportsthat she listened with great pleasure toPresident Hutchins' speech recently.1926Otis P. Hornaday, AM, was appointed principal at the Elsinore (California) Union High School this fall.Mrs! Thomas B. Coulter, AM (Eleanor Howard), 1346 South NorfolkAvenue, Tulsa, Oklahoma, is busy trying to make good future citizens out ofher twin girls, age seven years, andanother daughter, age 14. She is anactive worker in the American Association of University Women and someother organizations.1927Ethel L. Fennell, AM (Mrs. JohnS. Holt) is teaching part time at MountMercy College and writing in whatevertime is left over. Her present homeaddress is 429 South Aiken Street,Pittsburgh, Pa.Anna C. Larson, SM, is teachinggeography in St. Cloud State TeachersCollege of Minnesota.Educational Adviser to Company 569,Herbert Gustave Schreiter, AM, iswith the CCC near Stanfield, Oregon.1928Howard R. Anderson, AM, givescourses in the methods of teachingsocial studies in the State University ofIowa and supervises the teaching in theUniversity High School. He is theauthor of the 1935 Iowa Every-PupilTests in World History, United StatesHistory, Economics and ContemporaryAffairs and co-author of the 1935 formsof tests in Ancient. Medieval, Engl Hi,World, Modern and UnitecJ States History published by the Cooperative TestService. Two of his latest articles,''Teaching Place-Location in History" and "Teaching Distance and Area inHistory," were published in the Octoberand November issues of MidlandSchools.William A. Bass, AM, is executive-secretary and treasurer of the Tennessee Education Association. His officeis 601-2 Cotton State Building in Nashville.Science Education for October, 1935,carried an article, "A Consumer Approach to Science Teaching," by G. P.Deyoe, AM, Professor of Agricultureand Rural Life at the State TeachersCollege in Platteville, Wis. He waselected President of the Southwest Wisconsin Teachers Association for 1935-36 and serves on the State Committeefor study of small high schools.J. H. Gore, AM, is the city superintendent of schools in Venice, 111.Albert Grant, AM, is a statisticianin the Psychological Laboratory of theCincinnati Public School.Wray M. Rieger, SM, is professorof Chemistry at Northeastern MissouriState Teachers College, Kirksville, Mo.Guy E. Sawyer, AM, of ChaddsFord, Pennsylvania, is the purchasingagent with William Du Pont, Jr.1929Hayden C. Bryant, AM, reports achange of address from Atlanta to 117Michigan Avenue, Decatur, Georgia.He continues as principal of the DruidHills High School in Emory University.Clarence W. Harvey, AM, is at theWyandotte High School in KansasCity, Kansas, as assistant principal.1930Wesley R. Bratt, AM, is the superintendent of the Wood River PublicSchools in the Nebraska town of WoodRiver.Esther K. Crawford, AM, is supervising practice teaching at Buena VistaCollege in Storm Lake, Iowa.After spending the year 1934-35 inresidence at the University of Chicago,Glenn N. Lawritson, AM, returned toFargo to resume instructing educationat the North Dakota Agricultural College.1931Glennie Bacon, AM, is assistantprofessor of mathematics in the Collegeof Education of the University ofWyoming.Jane E. Clem, AM, is the author ofan article in the 1935 Yearbook of theEastern Commercial Teachers Association and another in the 1935 Yearbookof the National Commercial TeachersFederation. These articles were lectures delivered at the annual conventions of these organizations in Philadelphia and Chicago, respectively.The Rankin Junior High and Elementary School, with an enrollment of615, is considered the only townshipJunior High School in Indiana. Clarence A. Pound, AM, is the principal ofthis school, which was organized last SCHOOLSIntensive Stenographic Course¦«¦¦ FOR COLLEGE MEN & WOMEN^^W^^M 100 Words a Minute in 100 Days As- a^^ 1^3 sured for one Fee. Enroll NOW. Day jfP^ t ^M classes only — Begin Jan., Apr., JulyIf^W vi and 0ct- Write or Phone Ban. 1575.¦flP«18~S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO +MacCormac School ofCommerceBusiness Administration and SecretarialTrainingDAY AND EVENING CLASSESEnter Any Monday1170 E. 63rd St. H. P. 2130SAINT XAVIER COLLEGEFOR WOMEN4900 Cottage Grove AvenueCHICAGO, ILLINOISA Catholic College Conducted bythe SISTERS OF MERCYCourses lead to the B. A. and B. S.degrees. Music — ArtILLINOIS COLLEGEof Chiropody and Foot SurgeryFor Bulletin and Information AddressDR. WM. J. STICKEL, Dean1327 North Clark StreetChicago, IllinoisTHE ORTHOGENIC SCHOOL OFTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOBoarding and day school for the studyand training of children, 6 to 14, witheducational or emotional problems. Mental defectives are not accepted. Undersupervision of University Clinics and Department of Education.Dr. Frank N. Freeman, DirectorDr. Mandel Sherman, PsychiatristThe Mary E. PogueSchool and SanitariumWheaton, III.Phone Wheaton 66A school and sanitarium for the care and training of children mentally subnormal, epileptic,or who suffer from organic brain disease.The Midway School6216 Kimbark Ave. Tel. Dorchester 3299Elementary Grades — High SchoolPreparation — KindergartenFrench, Music and ArtBUS SERVICEA School with Individual Instruction andCultural Advantages34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEGREUNE- MUELLERCOALIs of Highest Quality fromRespective Fields and isDUSTLESS TREATEDLet Us Prove This to YouGREUNE-MUELLER GOAL GO.7435 So. Union Ave.All Phones Vincennes 4000CHICAGO PETERSENMOTOR LIVERYA PERSONAL SERVICEof Refinement, Catering to theUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOLINCOLNSWith Experienced Chauffeurs5650 LAKE PARK AVE.Phone MIDWAY 0949AWNINGSPhones Oakland 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHyde Park AwningINC. Co.,Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove Aven ueBEAUTY SALONSERNEST BAUERLEBEAUTY SALONSpecializing inIndividual HaircutsSuite 1308 Telephone17 N. State St. Dearborn 6789Stevens BuildingBOOKSARE YOU INTERESTEDINMEDICAL BOOKSWe will send you gratis our bargain pricecatalog on Medicine, Surgery, MedicalHistory, Psychology and Sexology.LOGIN BROS.1814 W. Harrison St. CHICAGO September and opened in a new building which was completed during thepast year.The School system of Owatonna,Minnesota, under the supervision ofIrvin E. Rosa, AM, is doing outstanding work in developing a new art curriculum under a grant of the CarnegieFoundation.John T. Scopes is a geological scoutin the Houston, Texas, region for theUnited Gas System.Clarence E. Swingley, AM, criticteacher at Central High School andBall State Teachers College and assistant coach of high school basketball, isexpecting to continue his graduate studyat the University this summer.Orrin L. Thorson, AM, was transferred from his position at New Lenox,Illinois, to Forest Park as supervisingprincipal of Grant- White and GarfieldSchools last October.Lorin F. Wheelwright, AM, wentto Oswego last summer temporarily andhas been retained as permanent head ofthe music department of the State Normal School. He reports that he is veryhappy over recent strides in curiculumrevision there and also the prospectson significant research studies.1932Arthur E. Arnesen, AM, served asprincipal of the Onequa school in SaltLake City until the close of the schoolyear 1933-1934, when he was asked tofill the newly created position of supervisor of research in the school system.Now in New York City, Harry M.Capps, Jr., SM, is studying at ColumbiaUniversity for his Doctor of Philosophy degree.Ernestine M. S. Long, SM, teacheschemistry and science at the NormandyHigh School, St. Louis, Mo., and isvice-president of the First AmericanYouth Congress.The Executive Secretary of the Chicago Principals' Club is Lyle H.Wolf, AM.1933John Agger, AM, is teaching physicsand general science at the Jacksonville(111.) High School.W. G. Cisne, AM, became the superintendent of Elementary Training at theSouthern Illinois Teachers Cpllege atCarbondale this September. He hasbeen in charge of the Brush trainingschool for ten years and this year hehas both the Brush and Allyn trainingschools.H. P. Claus, AM, is the principal atthe Farmersville (Illinois) CommunityHigh School.Gardner Lamette Lewis, AM, is instructing French at St. PetersburgJunior College in Florida.Raymond D. Meade, AM, was thisfall appointed principal of the SeniorHigh School of Aurora, 111.Wilbert L. Terre, SM, is a- chemistwith the Edwal Laboratories, 732 SouthFederal Street, Chicago. Now in her sixth year at the University of Wyoming, Clarice Whitten-burg, AM, is assistant professor of Elementary Education.1934Allen Bernstein, AM, of Albany,N. Y., is the author of an article on"Commercial Civil War Monuments'"which appeared in the Journal of American History for November, 1934, andanother called "Our Aesthetic Farsightedness" in the October, 1935, Design,edited by Dr. Payant of the Fine ArtsDepartment of Ohio State Universityand subtitled "published in the interestof creative arts education."From Hammond, Indiana, EskinEmil Cromwell, AM, instructor at theTechnical High School, reports thatthere is quite a gathering of leaders ofindustrial education every summer atFt. Collins, Colorado, and the ten weekshe spent there this past summer gavehim first hand reports on industrial education from various parts of the U. S.Fay Kirtland, AM, was appointedto the position of professor and directorof elementary education at Drake University at the beginning of the presentschool year. Miss Kirtland taught inthe public schools of Alabama and didsupervisory work there for severalyears. She also taught remedial reading in English in the public schools inBeloit, Wisconsin, for three years.Now a research aide with the Socialand Economic Division of the Tennessee Valley Authority, Rodney WardStewart, AM, will return to the University of Chicago in September, 1936,to begin work on his PhD degree inthe Department of Political Science.For the last four months, Kirby P.Walker, AM, has been the assistantsuperintendent of schools in Jackson,Miss.1935After taking her master's degree thissummer, E. Estella Butterworth,AM, was transferred to the IrvingJunior High in Salt Lake City. Shetaught the eight previous years in theelementary grades in the same schooldistrict.Hilda L. Peterson, AM, is nowteaching in a mountain mission schoolin Guerrant, Kentucky.Blanche Kleiman, AM, of KansasCity, Mo., is continuing her graduatework at the University of Chicago thisyear.DOCTORS OFPHILOSOPHY1902From Science for October 25, 1935 :"Frank B. Jewett, president of theBell Telephone Laboratories and vice-president of the American Telephoneand Telegraph Company, was elected onOctober 18 president of the New YorkMuseum of Science and Industry by thetrustees at their annual meeting. TheTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 35museum will be established in new permanent quarters in the exhibition galleries known as the Forum in the RCABuilding of Rockefeller Center and along term program of development willbe initiated."For twenty-five years, Eugene PaulSchoch has been professor of PhysicalChemistry at the University of Texas.1905On the faculty of the University ofTexas since 1923, Robert Lee Mooreis professor of Pure Mathematics.1909L. Estelle Appleton, PhM'03, SM'04, is still working on a revision andextension of her doctor's thesis, "AComparative Study of the Play Activities of Adult Savages and CivilizedChildren." She has added one moretribe (Lapps) to the five formerlystudied and is seeking for clues as tothe early migrations of these peoples.Her address is 5731 Blackstone Ave.,Chicago.1910William Cabler Moore is a research chemist for the U. S. IndustrialAlcohol Company of Stamford, Conn.,now chairman of the Metropolitan Section of the Electrochemical Society, collects stamps, likes Gilbert and SullivanOperettas, and is interested in genealogy. He and Mrs. Moore celebratedtheir twenty-fifth wedding anniversaryon September 15, 1935. On the sameday, their daughter, Lillian Cabler, whofor several years has been a solo dancerin the Metropolitan Opera AssociationBallet of New York, was married toDavid Craine Maclay, in St. John'sEpiscopal Church, Stamford, Conn. Mr.Maclay is a graduate of Columbia University and is connected with a wholesale book company in New York City.1915Fred C. Ayer has been serving asGeneral Curriculum Consultant for theTexas State Curriculum Pension Program. He is professor of EducationAdministration at the University ofTexas.J. O. Hassler, SM'13, a professor ofMathematics and Astronomy at theUniversity of Oklahoma, was appointeda trustee of the Mathematical Association of America for 1935-36.President of the Canadian PoliticalScience Association for 1934-35, Duncan Alexander MacGibbon is a member of the Board of Grain Commissioners of Winnipeg.1916D. M. Key, who is in his thirteenthyear as president of Millsaps College,is a member of the General Committeeon College Policy, M. E. C. S.1918James H. Hance has recently accepted an appointment as Dean of theSchool of Mines at the University ofAlaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. Previously he was in charge of the preliminary engineering work for the reclamationservice on the proposed Deer Creek reservoir near Provo, Utah.1919Last year, William H. Weathersby,Professor of Education at the StateTeachers College, served as presidentof Mississippi Association of Collegesand is now assisting in Mississippi's fiveyear Program for Improvement of Instruction, involving revision of the curriculum of the public schools.1920Paul W. Terry, of the University ofAlabama, is president of the AlabamaMental Hygiene Society for 1935-36.1923Head of the Department of Biologyand Professor of Zoology at Hood College, Frederick, Maryland, MabelBishop was on leave of absence fromFebruary to June, 1935, and spent thetime browsing at the University of Colorado and also traveling in Colorado,Utah, Arizona, and in New Mexico,where she explored the cliff dwellings ofFrijoli Canyon and attended the springmeeting of the Southwestern Section ofthe American Association for Advancement of Science.L. E. Blauch, AM' 17, is the executive secretary of the Survey Committeeof the American Association of DentalSchools. The report of the work on thedental curriculum (A Course of Studyin Dentistry) was issued in April, 1935.He is now engaged in a study of themethods of teaching in dentistry.John F. Wright, Consulting MiningGeojogist, has opened offices at 705-6Great Western Permanent Building,Winnipeg, Canada.1924Elam J. Anderson has been guidingthe destinies of Linfield College, Mc-Minnville, Oregon, since 1932 and doing a very successful job of it, too, forLinfield College has passed through thefive years of the depression without adeficit or debt and this year restored thefinal 5 per cent salary cut of a total of10 per cent imposed in 1932. It hasadded buildings and equipment to avalue of $85,000.The monograph of William H.Burton, representing a ten year studyof children's civic information waspublished this fall. Burton is professor of Education at the Universityof Southern California, Los Angeles.1925Progressive Methods of Teaching inSecondary Schools is the title of Nelson L. Bossing's book published thisyear by Houghton, Mifflin in the Riverside Series in Education.A member of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists and theGeological Society of America, Gus-tavus E. Anderson, '05, for thirteenyears has been Professor of Geology atthe University of Oklahoma. BOOKSMEDICAL BOOKSof All PublishersThe Largest and Most Complete Stock andall New Books Received as soon as published. Come in and browse.SPEAKMAN'S(Chicago Medical Book Co.)Congress and Honore StreetsOne Block from Rush Medical CollegeBROADCASTINGNORMAN KL1NGOutstandingVOCAL INSTRUCTORTO STARS OFRadio — Stage — OrchestraWill Help You to Improve orDevelop Your VoiceHis Aid Has Helped Many toGreater Earning Power and SuccessStudio Telephone903 Kimball Building Webster 7188CATERERJOSEPH H. BIGGSFine Catering in all its branches50 East Huron StreetTel. Sup. 0900- —090 1Retail Deliveries Daily and SundaysQuality and Service Since 1882CHEMICAL ENGINEERSAlbert K. Epstein, '12B. R. Harris, '2 1Epstein, Reynolds and HarrisConsulting Chemists and Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4285-6COFFEE -TEALa Touraine Coffee Co.IMPORTERS AND ROASTERS OFLA TOURAINECOFFEE AND TEA209-13 MILWAUKEE AVE., CHICAGOat Lake and Canal Sts.Phone State 1 350Boston — New York — Philadelphia — SyracuseCURTAIN CLEANINGGREENWOODCURTAIN CLEANERSl032E.55thSt.Phone Hyde Park 2248We Clean All Kinds of Curtains — Drapes —Banquet Cloths — Window ShadesWe Also Do Dry Cleaning onCurtains and Drapes36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEELECTRIC SIGNSELECTRIC SIGNADVERTISING•FEDERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYCLAUDE NEON FEDERAL CO.225 North Michigan Avenue•W. D. Krupke. '19Vice-president in Charge of SalesEMPLOYMENTCOLOREDDOMESTIC HELPFurnishedDay or NightReferences investigated.Englewood Employment Agency5530 S. State. Phone-Englewood3 181-3 182Street Night-Englewood3l8lEstablished 16 yearsPhones: Plaza 6444, 64451631 East 55th StreetFURNITURE POLISH"Marvelous"NEVERUBFurnTtliri rULIuHBrilliant. Lairing. No* OilyDilute with equal wottrNO RUBBINGSold by: Fields, Davis Store, The Fair, andRetail Stores everywhere.FURRIERF. STEIGERWALDFURRIERSTORAGE— REPAIRINGREMODELING902 Phone17 North State St. Cent. 6620Exclusive But Not ExpensiveGALLERIESO'BRIEN GALLERIESPaintings Expertly RestoredNew life brought to treasured canvases. Our moderate prices will please.Estimates given without obligation.673 North MichiganSuperior 2270 F. W. Reeves is Director of Personnel and also Director of the Social andEconomic Division of the TennesseeValley Authority. The Personnel Division includes the following sections :Employee Management, Training, Medical Service, Labor Relations, Safety,and Camp Management. The Social andEconomic Division includes Health andSanitation and Social and Economic Research sections. The two divisions include from 600 to 800 employees. ThePersonnel Division is responsible foremploying all employees of the T.V.A.The number of employees varies from12,000 to 17,000. Reeves is now a member of the Board of Trustees of HuronCollege, a member of the ExecutiveCommittee of the Board of Trustees ofAntioch College, a member of the Executive Board of National Folk Festival.He has recently served on the Educational Committee of the Board of Trustees of Chicago Central Y. M. C. A.College and on the Research Staff of theCommittee on the Revision of Standards of the Commission on Higher Institutions of the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools.1926Orvii. F. Myers, AM'22, is chairman of the Department of Psychologyand Philosophy in the Los AngelesJunior College (the largest junior college in the world). He returned in August from a month in Mexico withplenty of pictures as evidence of his interest in photography.1927Fisher and golfer in his spare time,Robert D. Highfill has been professor and head of the English Departmentof the State Teachers College in Memphis, Tenn., since 1931.Now that the large training programcarried on in connection with the building of the Norris Dam draws to a close,Ralph M. Hogan, '15, AM'16, is working on a unified school-adult educationand recreation program for the villageof Norris of some 1200 people.Louis S. Kassel, '23, SM'26, explains that his official title is PhysicalChemist at the Pittsburgh ExperimentStation of the U. S. Bureau of Mines,but that mathematical organic chemicalphysicist is perhaps more accurate. Atany rate, he spends most of his time ata desk trying to make "paper chemistry"an exact science. He is associate editor of the Journal of Chemical Physics,Secretary-Treasurer of the PittsburghPhysical Society, and Past-President ofthe Pittsburgh Chemists Club (this clubwas formed recently with a Constitution requiring three Past Presidents inthe Council, so Kassel was elected aPast President). Of his hobbies thiscomment : "I still write the volatile verseI used to sign Ellis K. and, more childishly, Sir Plus Wit, in the Whistle. Istill find books that all well-read peopleread years ago; Austen at the moment,and Bronte next, but I am not doing italphabetically." Milton E. Lazerte is professor ofEducational Psychology, head of theDepartment of Education, and directorof the School of Education at the University of Alberta and is now studyingthe psychology of high school mathematics with a $3000 grant from the Carnegie Corporation.1928Maurice H. Friedman, '24, MD Uof C '33, is assistant professor of Physiology at the University of PennsylvaniaMedical School in Philadelphia. Hisdaughter, Edith Berliner, celebrates herfirst birthday the 22nd of this month.1929F. M. Fryxell has accepted an appointment with the National Park Service at Berkeley, California.James M. McCallister, AM'22, Director of Personnel Service at HerzlCity Junior College of Chicago, has abook, Reading Disability in the UpperGrades and High School that will bepublished by the Appleton-Century Company in March, 1936.1930A member of the faculty of LafayetteCollege, Henry E. Allen, AM, had hisbook on "The Turkish Transformation"published two months ago by the University of Chicago Press.Stanley A. Cain, SM'28, has beenappointed as Associate Professor ofBotany at the University of Tennessee.1931H. M. Hamlin has made considerableprogress the past year in relating schoolprograms in agriculture to programs ofagricultural extension, serving as chairman of the committee on relationshipsfor the state of Iowa and the summaryof the work was issued during the fallby the U. S. Office of Education. Hamlin, who is associate professor of Vocational Education at the Iowa StateCollege, is now in charge of a curriculum making program in agriculturaleducation for Iowa.Elizabeth Williamson is now inher fourth year at the University ofNebraska, as Assistant Dean of Women.1932Ethel M. Abernethy, AM'24, ishead of the Department of Psychologyat Queens College, Charlotte, N. C.Hakon Wadell left for Sweden during the past summer and is now at theMineralogical Institute of the University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.1933Julia Wells Bower instructs mathematics at Connecticut College in NewLondon, is treasurer of the New LondonBranch of A. A. U. W., and is grandpresident of Beta Phi Alpha Fraternity.Franklin C. Potter is with the National Park Service at 811 IllinoisBuilding, Indianapolis, Ind.Donald M. Crooks, SM'29, resignedfrom the Ball Teachers College, Muncie,Indiana, to accept the position of professor of Botany and Acting ChairmanTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 37of the Department of Botany, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz.Roy Graham is teaching in the Department of Geology, University ofBritish Columbia, Vancouver, B. C.O. F. Krumboltz has accepted a position with the Food and Drug Divisionof the Department of Agriculture'. Hispresent address is Sheridan Hotel, Marquette and Eleventh Streets, Minneapolis, Minn.Wilfred Tansley, SM'31, has accepted a position with the Companhia deMinas do Calcoene, Box 468, Belem,para, Brazil, prospecting for gold.1934David F. Costello, SM'27, has beenappointed Associate Range Examiner atthe Forestry and Range ExperimentStation, Fort Collins, Colorado.Former professor of zoology, GeorgeFinlay Simmons has been elected president of the University of Montana.John M. Hills is with the AmeradaPetroleum Corporation, Box 1366, Midland, Texas.Claude M. Langton has been appointed geological scout in the Laredodistrict for the United Gas System.Christopher Riley has establishedoffices as Consulting Geologist at 1134486th Street, Edmonton, Alberta. Hespent the past summer in geologic prospecting in the vicinity of Athabasca andGreat Slave Lake, much of the workbeing done in unmapped country.Harvey Oscar Werner is Professorof Horticulture at the University of Nebraska.1935Thomas M. Gilland directs and supervises student teaching at the StateTeachers College in California, Pa.J. P. Gries, SM'33, has accepted ajoint position with the Illinois WaterSurvey and the Sub-surface Division ofthe State Geological Survey at Urbana,Illinois.Brandon H. Grove, '30, is with theGerman Branch of the Socony- VacuumCompany of New York. His Germanaddress is Deutsche Oel A. G., Spitaler-strasse 12, Hamburg 1, Germany.Everett C. Olson was appointed Instructor in Vertebrate Paleontology atthe University of Chicago to succeedA. S. Romer, who went to Harvard lastyear. Olson conducts all work pertaining to vertebrate paleontology.John D. Ridge, '30, SM'32, is nowwith the Universal Portland CementCompany at Buffington, Indiana.Gordon Rittenhouse, '32, SM'33, isnow associated with the Soil Conservation Service at Meridian, Miss. Previously he spent his summers in the Savant Lake region in northwestern Ontario, and the results of his studies willbe published in a forthcoming issue ofthe Journal of Geology.George W. Rust, '31, spent the summer in southeastern Missouri, studyingthe mechanism of formation of dia-tremes, or explosive volcanic tubes. Thestudy was financed by a joint grant from the National Research Council and theSalisbury Fund.James F. Webb, AM'30, is associateprofessor of Education and acting director of Student Teaching at North TexasState Teachers College.DIVINITY1888Frederick L. Anderson, DB, is nowin his thirty-sixth year of service asProfessor of New Testament Interpretation in the Andover-Newton Theological School.1893William L. Burdick has for the lastthirteen years been the executive officerof the Seventh Day Baptist MissonarySociety. He has been granted an honorary DD by both Alfred Universityand Salem College.Frank Kurtz, DB, after forty-threeyears of service in the American Baptist Telugu Mission, will retire inMarch of this year. He has been electedfirst field secretary of the Mission for aperiod of five years.1894Eugene C. Sanderson, DB, is president of Evangel University of theChristian Evangels of God in San Jose,California.1897Rudolph Michael Binder, DB, hasbecome professor emeritus in New YorkUniversity, where he has been a member of the teaching staff for nearlythirty years. During last year he published ten articles in various psychological and other journals.Howland Hanson is devoting histime since retirement from teaching inIowa State Teachers College to extension work, giving inspirational addresses at numerous high-school centers.1900Colonel Julian Emmet Yates, DB,after thirty-three years and sevenmonths in active service as an Armychaplain, retired October 31, 1935.From 1929 to 1933 he held the post ofChief of Chaplains. That office is nowheld by another Divinity School alumnus, Alva J. Brasted, DB'05.1903Charles F. Yoder, DB, engaged inmissionary work in Argentina, has published a book on The Argentine Miss onField, issued by The Brethren Publishing Company, Ashland, Ohio.1904Joseph William Priest, DB, ofAlma, Michigan, is secretary and registrar of the Baptist Ministers'. Aid Society, and as a part of his duty makesperiodic visits to the Baptist Old People's Home in Maywood, Illinois.1905Charles A. Lockhart has beenelected head of the Department of Religion at Doane College, Crete, Nebraska. LEIGH'SGROCERY and MARKET1327 East 57th StreetPhones: Hyde Park 9100-1-2QUALITY FOODSTUFFSMODERATE PRICESWE DELIVER HOTELS"Famous for Food"Dancing and EntertainmentNightlyCircular CRYSTAL Barthe BREVOORT hotel120 W. Madison St. ChicagoLAUNDRIESMorgan Laundry Service, Inc.2330 Prairie Ave.Phone Calumet 7424Dormitory ServiceStandard Laundry Co.Linen Supply — Wet WashFinished Work1818 South Wabash Ave.Phone Calumet 4700SUNSHINE LAUNDRYCOMPANYAll ServicesDry Cleaning2915 Cottage Grove Ave.Telephone Victory 5110THEBEST LAUNDRY andCLEANING COMPANYALL SERVICESWe Also DoDry Cleaning — Shoe Repairing4240 PhoneIndiana Ave. OAKIand 1383LITHOGRAPHERL C. Mead '21. E. J. Chalifoux '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset — Printing731 Plymouth CourtWabash 818238 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMUSICRayner Dalheim & CoMUSICENGRAVERS & PRINTERSof FRATERNITY.SORORITYand UNIVERSITYof CHICAGO' SONG BOOKSNO 0RDERT00 LARGE 0RT00 SMALL - WRITE FOR PRICES2054 W.LAKE ST. PHONE SEELEY 4710NURSES' REGISTRYNURSES* OFFICIAL REGISTRYof FIRST DISTRICT, ILLINOIS STATENURSES ASSOCIATIONFurnishes registered nurses for all types ofcases and for varying hours of service tofit the patient's need.TelephoneNURSES' HEADQUARTERSSTATE 85428 South Michigan Ave., Willoughby TowerBuilding — Lucy Van Frank, RegistrarOPTICAL SUPPLIESSince 1886BORSCH & COMPANYEyes Examined Glasses FittedOculists Prescriptions FilledWe Can Duplicate Any Lens fromthe Broken PiecesTelephone62 E. Adams St. State 7267PAINTSGEORGE ERHARDTand SONS, Inc.Painting — Decorating — Wood Finishing3123 PhoneLake Street Kedzie3l86PHOTOGRAPHERMOFFETT STUDIOCAMERA PORTRAITS OF QUALITY30 So. Michigan Blvd., Chicago . . State 8750OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHERU. of C. ALUMNIPHYSICAL THERAPY UNITSMCINTOSHV ELECTRICAL CORPORATION- CHICAGO IEstablished 1879MANUFACTURERSPhysical Therapy EquipmentTelephone— KEDzie 2048223-233 N. California Ave., ChicagoC. E. MARSHALLWHEEL CHAIR HEADQUARTERSFOR OVER FORTY YEARSNew and Used Chairs for Sale or Rent.Hospital Beds, Crutches, etc."Airo" Mattresses and Cushions5062 Lake Park Ave. Drex. 3300 1909John Cowper Granbery, PhD, afterspending two years in studying and lecturing in Brazil, has returned tobecome professor of philosophy inSouthwestern University, Georgetown,Texas. A book by him on sociology isbeing published in Portuguese.Eugene Neubauer, DB, presentedat the Baptist Association recently heldin Quincy, Illinois, an analysis of thepresent situation as to the liquor trafficand the laws relating thereto. The report will be printed and distributedwithout charge among the churches.1910The Young Citizen took a bow lastmonth with the December issue. Interesting in make-up as well as contents, it is edited by Marie Merrill,538 South Clark Street, Chicago, andappeals to the natural interests of children, encouraging their contributions ofpoems, drawings, stories, and snapshots.Guy Walter Sarvis, AM, has become head of the Department of Sociology in Ohio Wesleyan University atDelaware, Ohio.1912G. C. Crippen, PhD, who becamepastor of the Baptist church at Monmouth, Illinois, in May, reports an addition of twenty new members, thoroughrepairs on the church building, and asuccessful financial program.Clarence Worthington Kemper,DB, pastor of the First Baptist Church,Denver, Colorado, celebrated twenty-five years of continuous service in theministry by addressing an interesting-letter of greeting to all of the parishioners in the different churches where hehas served.Dean R. Wickes, PhD, has taken aposition as research assistant with theSoil Conservation Service, UnitedStates Department of Agriculture,working on material in the Chinese language.1913Donald Tillinghast Grey, DB, AM,on November 17, as part of the successful and forward-looking work thathe is doing at the Michigan AvenueBaptist Church in Saginaw, Michigan,preached on "The Results in the Civilization of English-speaking Peoples ofFour Hundred Years of the OpenBible."1914Chester Charlton McCown, PhD,dean of the Pacific School of Religion,Berkeley, California, is spending ayear's leave of absence carrying on research in Palestine.1916W. F. Huxford, who has for sevenyears been pastor of the Portage StreetBaptist Church of Kalamazoo, Michigan, has also been active in building upthe Michigan Pioneer Boys' Camps, andfor three years has been chairman ofthe Pastors' Section of the InternationalCouncil of Christian Education. John A. F. Maynard, PhD, rectorof the French Huguenot Church, NewYork, has been made executive chairman of the Jean Ribault Memorial Fundand took a prominent part in the erection of a monument at Dieppe, France,to Jean Ribault.Claude Willard Sprouse, '14, DB,is Dean of Grace at the Holy TrinityCathedral in Kansas Citv, Mo.1917John F. C. Green, AM, has an interesting article on "The German Churchat the Cross Roads" in the Decembernumber of Church Management. Mr.Green, who is at present pastor of theGerman Evangelical Protestant Church,McKeesport, Pennsylvania, recently returned, from a visit to Germany, wherehe was born and received his earlyeducation.1918R. W. Hoffman, DB, is now in hisfifth year of service as dean and teacherin the Drury School of the Bible,Springfield, Missouri.John F. Stubbs, DB, and Mrs.Stubbs, AM, have recently moved fromVisalia to Healdsburg, California.1919John Wargelin has been presidentof Suomi College, Hancock, Michigan,since 1919, and a leader of the Americanization of the Finns, a subject onwhich he has published a book. Hehas also been decorated with the Orderof the White Rose, II and I Class, byFinland.1920Ralph Kendall Schwab, PhD, onOctober 1 became pastor of the FirstCongregational Church, Pueblo, California, after having served four years inGarden City, Kansas.1921Harry Stansbury Weyricii reportsextensive repairs and the acquisition ofa new organ for Christ EpiscopalChurch, Amboy, New Jersey, of whichhe has recently become rector.1922E. A. Kelford was dean of the Baptist Boys' Camp conducted by the Department of Religious Education of theMichigan Baptist State Convention, thelargest camp which the Baptists ofMichigan have promoted.Mrs. Martin W. Longfellow, formerly for ten years a missionary inIndia, returned there in September fora year's research work.1923Adolph A. Brux, PhD, is now aneditorial assistant in the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.Clarence Burton Day, AM, hasprepared a manuscript on "ChinesePeasant Cults" and hopes to interest apublisher in the enterprise.1924Percy Elliott Lindley is presidentof the North Carolina Sunday SchoolAssociation, dean of the faculty and professor of religious education in HighTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 39PLASTERING^T. A. BARRETTPLASTERERChimneys RepairedBoiler Mason Work, etc.6447 Drexel Ave. TelephoneShop 541 1 Cottage H d Papk ^3GroveROOFINGGrove Roofing Co.(Gilliland)Old Roofs Repaired — New Roofs Put On25 Years at 6644 Cottage G rove Ave.Lowest Prices — Estimates FreeFairfax 3206SPLINTSDe Puy SplintsFracture BookFreeUpon RequestProfessional Card SufficientWARSAW— INDIANATEACHER'S AGENCIESAMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU28 E. Jackson BoulevardChicagoA Bureau of Placement which limits itswork to the university and college field.It is affiliated with the Fisk TeachersAgency of Chicago, whose work covers allthe educational fields. Both organizationsassist in the appointment of administratorsas well as of teachers.THEHUGHES TEACHERS AGENCY25 E. JACKSON BLVD.Telephone Harrison 7793Chicago, III.Member National Associationof Teachers AgenciesWe Enjoy a Very Fine High School, NormalSchool, College and University PatronageTHE YATES-FISHERTEACHERS AGENCYEstablished 1906PAUL YATES, Manager616-620 South Michigan Ave.ChicagoX-RAY SUPPLIESX-RAY SUPPLIES& Accessories"At Your Service"Tel. Seeley 2550-51Geo. W. Brady & Co.809 So. Western Ave. Point College, and is author of HumanNature and the Church.Edward Pride Westphal, AM, hasbeen directing adult education for theBoard of Christian Education of thePresbyterian Church since 1929. He isliving at 6831 Anderson St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.1925J. W. Fifield, Jr., AM, now pastorof the First Congregational Church ofLos Angeles, is leading his congregation in an ambitious forward movementfor increase in membership and financialefficiency.1926Hedley S. Dimock, PhD, formerlydean of George Williams College, hasnow been made acting president.Burton B. Johnson, AM, has removed from Chicago to Jefferson City,Tennessee.Russell F. Judson, DB, pastor ofthe First Baptist Church in Cedar Pap-ids, Iowa, led his church in the celebration of its sixty-fifth anniversary earlyin June.John S. Stamm, AM, president ofthe Board of Bishops of the EvangelicalChurch, has been transferred from Kansas City to the eastern area, with headquarters at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.1927Hortense Potts, AM, has recentlyaccepted a new position as social deanand teacher of religious education at theWestminster Choir School, Princeton,New Jersey.Ruth Grace Lewison, AM, has returned to missionary work at Jorhat,Assam, India.Forest E. Witcraft, PhD, formerlyat the State Teachers College, Minot,South Dakota, has become teacher ofSociology at Dennison University,Granville, Ohio.1928Katharine Putnam, AM, of theAmerican Church Mission, has movedfrom Shanghai to Yanchow, China.1929Raymond Rush Brewer, PhD, hasleft the College of the Ozarks to becomea teacher in the department of religionat the James Millikin University, Decatur, Illinois.Charles Allen Clark, PhD, issued in August an interesting circularentitled A Third of a Century among the"Chosen" People.Merrill E. Gaddis, PhD, deliveredthe commencement address at the end ofthe summer term of Central College,Fayette, Missouri, where he is head ofthe department of history.Carl A. Nissen, AM, is now professor of sociology in Baldwin-WallaceCollege, Berea, Ohio.Mrs. Lois S. Vaught, AM, writesthat "during recent months we in WestChina have been living in the midst ofconsiderable tension and excitement dueto the Communist advance. All othermission stations in this part of the prov ince were evacuated — we here were theoutpost. Conditions are more quiet now,but the Communist issue is not yetsettled."William Lindsay Young recentlyreceived the honorary degree of DDfrom Carroll College.1930William O. Foster, who spent sixweeks in Europe with the world-convention party of the Disciples of Christ,is teaching extension classes for Atlantic Christian College.E. K. Higdon, DB, has added to hisnumerous duties the interim pastorateof the Union Church of Manila and hasissued an extensive and interesting report of the work of the church for theyear 1934-35. The able assistance ofMrs. Higdon, '30, has also been involved.Lewis Albert Hurt, after finishinghis fourth term of missionary service inthe Belgian Congo, Africa, has returnedto the United States on furlough.H. Lee Jacobs, AM, was installed asminister of the First CongregationalChurch, Hampton, Iowa, in October,and has been appointed to preach theannual sermon for the Webster CityAssociation of Congregational Churchesin 1936.James J. Kingham, who is on furlough from Malaya after twenty-nineyears of service in India and Malaya,has been teaching this autumn at Garrett Biblical Institute.Horace Jacobs Nickels who is nowinstructor in religion at Colgate University, served as chairman of the History of Religious Section at the "Weekof Work" of the National Council onReligion in Higher Education held atColgate - Rochester Divinity School,September 3-9, 1935. The History ofReligions sessions were concerned with"Religion and the State."Daniel H. Schulze, PhD, has beenappointed dean of men at WillametteUniversity, where he is also head of thedepartment of religion.Church Howe Smiley published anarticle on "God at Work in the TeluguArea" in the National Christian Council Review for April. He is presidentof Chattisgarh Missionary Conferenceand Mela Association and was one ofthree missionaries chosen from the Mid-India area to work with Dr. Pickett ona survey of the Telugu Sudra movement.1931George S. Benson, AM, has been appointed president of Canton BibleSchool, Canton, China.William Sherman Minor, DB, received an appointment during the summer to the professorship of philosophyand psychology of religion, on the Westminster Foundation, in the Bible College at the University of Missouri. Hewill also serve as university pastor ofthe Presbyterian Church.Isamu Nishihara has become pastor of the Congregational Church ofNobeoka, Japan.40 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1932William Paul Barnds, formerlyrector of All Saints Church, Nevada,Missouri, transferred on May 1 to theChurch of the Epiphany, Independence,Kansas.Guy H. Black, after a very successful period of service as assistant minister of the Central Methodist EpiscopalChurch of Detroit, has resigned thisposition in order to be free to enter thelarger field of visitation evangelism ingeneral, a type of work in which he hasalready had notable success.Charles R. Martin has become pastor of the First Presbyterian Church atLiberal, Kansas.Bryan Sewall Stoffer, PhD, hasjust returned on special furlough fromIndia on account of his health. Duringthe next two years he will spend mostof his time attempting to make friendsfor the American College and secureadditional funds for its support.Gilbert K. Wenger for the last threeyears has been a missionary stationedat the Concordia Seminary, Hankow,China.SOCIAL SERVICETwo new Social Service Monographsare now off the press: ConvalescentCare in Great Britain, by ElizabethGreene Gardiner, AM'35; and TheLaw of Guardian and Ward, by Has-seltine Byrd Taylor, PhD'35.At the Alumni breakfast at the National Conference last summer a groupof former S. S. A. students made a verygenerous contribution toward an AlumniLoan Fund which has now been established and is being used by Social Service students. The School wishes toextend its sincere appreciation for theestablishment of this loan fund, whichis greatly needed by the students.Wayne McMillen, PhD'31, Associate Professor in the School, is on leaveof absence and is teaching in the SocialWork Curriculum of the University ofCalifornia during the second semester,1936.Elizabeth Wisner, PhD'29, hasbeen elected President of the AmericanAssociation of Schools of Social Work.Miss Breckinridge, who has been President for the past two years, has beenelected a member of the Executive Committee.Marion Hathway, PhD'33, hasbeen made assistant director of theSchool of Social Work of the University of Pittsburgh.Miss Marguerite Sylla of NewYork City has been appointed HeadResident of the University of ChicagoSettlement and will take over her dutieson January 15.Annette M. Garrett, AM'25, hasbeen appointed to the Faculty of theSmith College School of Social Work.Lena Holman Stewart, AM'32, hasrecently been appointed director of the Social Service Department at ProvidentHospital.Students who received the AM degree at the December, 1935, Convocation and their present positions includethe following: Pauline Bakeman,Case Worker with the Children's Service League of Sangamon County,Springfield, Illinois; Miriam Block,Case Worker, Family Service Association, Washington, D. C. ; CeciliaCarey, S. S. A. Field Work Supervisor,University of Chicago; Mary Diran,Research Work, Council of SocialAgencies, Chicago; Edith Eickhoff,Supervisor of Medical Social Service,Douglas Smith Foundation, Chicago;Roberta Lois Fenzel, Social Worker,Children's Service Association, Milwaukee; Frances Mayer, Psychiatric Social Worker, Connecticut Society forMental Hygiene, Hartford; Ada Med-calf, Senior Case Worker, IllinoisEmergency Relief Commission, Chicago; Cecil Miller, Medical SocialWorker, Strong Memorial Hospital,University -of Rochester, New York.Ruth Endicott, AM'33, has beenappointed Instructor in Case Work inthe Social Work Curriculum of theUniversity of Cincinnati.Catherine Dunn, AM'30, Instructor in Case Work in the School, wason leave of absence during the ^AutumnQuarter for a special survey for theAmerican Public Welfare Association.Robert Beasley, AM'33, has beenappointed Director of Public Welfarefor the City of Denver.Grace Abbott, Professor of PublicWelfare, was an evening speaker at' theNew Jersey Conference of Social Worklast month.Mr. Ronald C. Davison of the London School of Economics, formerly ofthe British Ministry of Labor, gave acourse in Social Insurance during theAutumn Quarter.ENGAGEDGordon Van Kirk, '17, to EstherLillian Johnson of Chicago.Ralph L. Sherwin, '33 to DorothyVehon of Chicago.William Edwin Heaton, '33, toJoyce Snyder.Elisabeth E. Cason, '34, to EdwardW. Nicholson, '34.Gerard Serritella, '34, to LolitaVolini.Geraldine Smithwick, '34 to LuisWalter Alvarez, '32, SM'34. Thewedding is planned for early summer.Frances Rose Bonnem, '35, toLouis A. Wagner, '35.Hiram A. Lewis, '37, to Nina Bruceof Evanston.MARRIEDMary A. McAdams, '27, AM'34, toJoseph C. Shortall; their present address is 6128 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago.Dorothy Carter, '29, to Royall Henderson Snow, November 9, 1935, NewYork City. They will live at 1333 Neil Ave., Columbus, Ohio, where Mr. Snowis Associate Professor of English atOhio State University.Henning Jay Anderson, AM'30, toIrene Pritchard, August, 1935. Theiraddress is 921 North Fourth Street,Marquette, Mich.Arthur Dillman Gray, AM '32, toGladys Wilson of Kenosha, Wis., June29, 1935. They are living at Apt. 208,3433 Clifton Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio,where Mr. Gray teaches history at theHartwell High School.Fritz R. Leiber, Jr., '32, to JonquilStevens, January 18, 1936, Bond Chapel.Portia Baker, PhD'33, to GeorgeKernodle, AM'30, during the Christmasholidays in Cincinnati, Ohio. Mr. Ker-nodle is working on his doctorate atYale University.Katherine F. Kiesling, AM'33, toRichard T. Van Metre, Jr., August 9,1935 ; at home, 5520 Ellis Ave., Chicago.Dorothy Schye, '33, to TheonBetts, July, 1935. Their present addressis 8210 Langley Avenue, Chicago.Mildred E. Glass, Coll. Cert. '33, toElmer J. Koncel, '35, November 2,1935. Address: 5530 Cornell Avenue,Chicago.Ruth Ann Goldstein, ex C '35, toSidney H. Morris, December 19, Chicago.BORNTo Arthur H. Hert, '26, and Mrs.Hert, a son, Ted Robertson Hert, November 22, 1935, St. Louis, Mo.To Lieutenant and Mrs. Harry F.Townsend (May Yeoman, '26) adaughter, Harriet, September 20, 1935,at Fort Worden, Washington.To Roy G. Fischer, '27, and Mrs.Fischer, a daughter, Carole Louise, onOctober 22, 1935, White Plains, N. Y.To Kenneth W. Stott, '27, andMrs. Stott, a son, November 17, 1935,Trenton, N. J.DEATHSLaura Thompson Brayton, '02, veteran teacher in the Chicago PublicSchools and secretary to the late EllaFlagg Young, superintendent of theChicago schools, died December 7,1935, at her Chicago home.George Buckley, '06, former publisher of the Chicago Herald and Examiner, later vice-president of the NationalCity Bank of New York, who servedas head of the publishing and newspaperdivision under the NRA, died December19, 1935, in New York, at the age of 54.Eleanor Ann Meyer, '13, died at herbrother's home in Denver, Colorado,November 23, 1935, while absent on sickleave from Kent State. For six yearsshe taught at Chicago Heights andfrom 1919 till her death/ she was amember of the faculty of Kent StateUniversity of Kent, Ohio.Silber C. Peacock, SM'22,^ MD'24,widely known Chicago specialist inchildrens' diseases, was found mysteriously slain in his automobile on theevening of January 3, 1936,Which type of HEARING AIDboth before you decide!Some people find a bone conduction hearing aid is best for them. For others, theair conduction type makes hearing easiest. Western Electric offers both types —urges that you try both and decide which is better for you.The Audiphone transmits sound so clearly because it was developed by soundexperts at Bell Telephone Laboratories. Latest improvements can be added to instruments now in use — thanks to the Audiphone's unit design. Try the Audiphone— hear the difference for yourself!Consult telephone directory for addresB of Graybar branch in yourcity, or mail coupon to Graybar Electric Co., Graybar Building, NewYork, N. Y., for details on Western Electric Audiphone and name ofnearest Audiometrist.AL-19Nam*- Address City.. StateTryWestern Electric•HEARING AID-Distributors in Canada: Northern Electric Co., Ltd.m* + w4~¦sv^hesterfields . . .a corking good cigarette . . .they've been hitting the trailwith me for a long timeThey are milder . . . not flator insipid but with a pleasing flavorThey have plenty of taste.... not strong but just rightAn outstanding cigarette. . . no doubt about it© 19)6, Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co.