THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEOL. XXIV DECEMBER. 1931 NUMBER 2When you visit Chicago . . .You will enjoy stopping at Hotel Shoreland.Make your home at this distinguished address whetheryou return for a reunion, come for an athletic contest ormerely visit Chicago on a business or pleasure trip.You will find an atmosphere of true culture and refinement . . . spacious and luxurious rooms/ suites andapartments — furnished in good taste with every modernappointment.A location as secluded as a beautiful country estate yetbut 10 minutes from the "Loop" via the Outer Drive orIllinois Central Electric.Your inquiry cordially invited.cunpn Akin55th Street at the Lake — CHICAGOThe Accepted Center ofSocial Activities . . .Hotel Shoreland is privileged to serve noteworthygatherings — banquets, dinners, dances, teas and luncheons of some of the most prominent of the University ofChicago groups.Here a wide variety of the most unusual private partyrooms — an experienced, highly organized catering staffassure your gathering both a service and cuisine thatleaves nothing to be desired.W$t ©ntoersttp of Cfncago jUagajmeEditor and Business Manager, Charlton T. Beck '04EDITORIAL BOARD: Commerce and Administration Association — Rollin D. He-mens, *ai; Divinity Association — C. T. Holman, D.B., '16; Doctors' Association — D. J.Fisher, '17, Ph.D., '22; Law Association — Charles F. McElroy, A.M., '06, J. D., '15;School of Education Association — Lillian Stevenson, '21 ; Rush Medical Association —Morris Fishbein, 'h, M.D., '12; College — Roland F. Holloway, '20; Allen Heald,'26; Wm. V. Morgenstern '20, J.D., '22; Faculty — Fred B. Millett, Department ofEnglish.Donald P. Bean, '17, ChairmanI Al T H I ^Last year Forest Ray Moulton contributed a most interesting article to oursymposium on Power. At that time wereminded our readers that the author wasa Chicago alumnus, a former member of theUniversity faculty, an author, a scientist ofinternational fame, and director of a largepublic utility.Despite the acceptance of a later honorand obligation as Director of Concessionsand Admissions for the 1933 Century ofProgress Exposition, Mr. Moulton hasfound time to write a most pungent and intriguing commentary upon the New Educational System at Chicago. This is thefirst of a series of discussions upon all phasesof the new plan at Chicago. In our nextissue we hope to publish as our secondnumber in this series, an article by GeorgeMorgenstern, an alumnus, now on the staffof the Chicago Herald and Examiner.w » wFor years Peter T. Swanish has made astudy of the economic history and development of Soviet Russia. When the Schoolof Commerce and Administration made hima doctor of philosophy, he submitted a mostexhaustive thesis on The Taxation ofAgricultural Classes in Soviet Russia. Dur ing the past year he has taken time from hisduties as professor and head of the department of Economics, Accounting andFinance at Loyola University, Chicago, tospend some months in Russia, surveyingrecent economic trends and developments.To forestall the deluge of requests for information that otherwise might follow thepublication of Bandits on the Yangtze, weherewith lift the veil of anonymity thatshields the writer of the letter. MarionManley, the first winner of the John Billings Fiske Prize in Poetry (1920), with aremarkable interpretation of a famous oldChinese legend "Li Sien," was born inChung King, Western China, and laterbrought to the United States by her missionary parents. Graduating from the OhioWesleyan University, she entered the Graduate School of the University of Chicago,in 1919, and in 1921 was transferred toRush Medical College, which gave her theM.D. degree in 1925.Her sister, Grace Manley, mentioned inthe letter, was also a student at the University in 1923-24, doing a year's work inthe Divinity School in preparation for herwork as a teacher in China.The Magazine is published at 1009 Sloan St., Crawfordsville, Ind., monthly from Novemberto July, inclusive, for The Alumni Council of the University of Chicago, 58th St. and Ellis Ave.,Chicago, 111. The subscription price is $2.00 per year; the price of single copies is 25 cents.Entered as second class matter December 10, 1924, at the Post Office at Crawfordsville, Indiana,under the Act of March 3, 1879.5iThe Katharine Martin Memorial Drinking FountainOn June 13, IQ31, in the east corridor of Blaine Hall of the School of Education,there was dedicated a bronze drinking fountain. It is a memorial to KatharineMartin, for nearly twenty-five years, and until her death, a teacher in Kindergarten-Primary Education. Miss Martin was respectively critic, teacher, instructor andassistant professor. The fountain was presented to the University by students andalumnae of the department.Vol. xxiv No. 2Untoergttp of CfncagoiWaga^neDECEMBER, 193 1The New Educational SystemBy F. R. Moulton, Ph.D. '00I.NOW that the much-advertised neweducational system at the University has been in operation nearlytwo months, at least so far as the freshmenare concerned, we alumni are beginning toinquire whether it is meeting expectations.We know, of course, that no certain conclusions can be drawn from so brief an experience, but our deep interest in this educational experiment makes us eager fornews respecting even its first success. Mostof us have high hopes that in this innovationthe University will again be an inspired andinspiring leader as it was in the days whenit was introducing into American educationsummer sessions, university extension, thefour-quarter division of the year, and theseparation of the undergraduate work intojunior and senior colleges.As might have been anticipated, the firstreports respecting the operations of the newprogram are turning out to be quite conflicting. From one of my sources of information, a freshman, I learn that sincestudents are not required to attend classes,most of them go to their lectures but infrequently and do not study at all. Thisblithe student, having an abundance of timefor recreation and his social interests, is enjoying his college life immensely. Theday of examinations is yet far off, likethat of old age, and he thinks it would beabsurd to worry about it now.Another source of information, also afreshman, gives an exactly opposite pictureof the practical working out of the newplan. According to him, most students attend their lectures with gratifying regularity, read their assignments faithfully, andare conscientiously preparing for their finalexaminations. He remarked, however, thatsome of the lectures are dull, incoherent,and pointless.If any conclusion can be drawn from suchdiscordant evidence, it is that the studentswho enter the University differ widely inability and purpose and hence that nomethod of education is adapted to all ofthem. Although experience is so limitedthat it does not form an adequate foundation for inferences respecting the value ofthe new plan, yet we may use other considerations in speculating somewhat lightlyon its probable future.II.As strongly as I favor the objectives ofthe new method in education that is now5354 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEbeing introduced into the University, and asmuch as I value the efforts of those who arenow attempting to put it into effect, I do nothesitate to express the opinion that for several reasons it will probably be far fromsuccessful for a considerable number ofyears. One of the reasons for this opinionis that no one appears to be willing to acceptresponsibility for its origin. When the dailypapers one morning carried the news thatMr. Hutchins had been elected Presidentof the University, I at once wrote to Mr.Swift, congratulating the Trustees on theircourage and probable wisdom in electinga man who yet had the initiative and enthusiasm of youth. And a few months laterwhen it was announced that PresidentHutchins was about to put into effect aradically new method of education, Ipromptly wrote to Dean Laing, expressingmy hearty approval and my gratificationthat the young president was inquiring intothe question of what the objectives of a college education should really be and that hewas devising methods for achieving them.As I recall, I also made some critical remarks about the old system in which majorsand grades were held sacred, a methodunder which deans were not much morethan computing machines whose principalfunction was accurately to determine whenall the conditions for degrees had beenprecisely and literally fulfilled.Alas for my hasty conclusions! It wasnot long before the President in a public address disclaimed authorship of the newmethod, stating that it had been originatedand exhaustively studied under the preceding administration and that he was simplygoing forward and encouraging its sponsorsto put it into effect. A little later, when Icongratulated some of my former colleaguesupon their belated progressiveness, they replied that they had nothing whatever to dowith originating the new plan, did not knowwhat they were really voting on when theyapproved it in the University Senate, andeven hinted that they had been tricked bythe Administration into giving it their approval. If the Senate, as suggested, actedsimply as a rubber stamp, I do not thinkit can now make any legitimate complaint. Just what may have been the origin ofthe plan is, in my opinion, a matter of noparticular consequence. The significantand disquieting fact is that no one now appears eager to pose as its parent. So far as Ican discover, it is a waif under the sterncare of a home for foundlings.A few months ago my warm enthusiasmfor the new methods that were being introduced by the University was still furtherchilled. At a luncheon I sat beside thepresident of a sister university, and duringmy conversation with him I spoke withhearty approval of the new plan which thenwas being frequently discussed in the public press. With the usual academic amityand generosity, the president of the sisteruniversity said that the plan was not at allnew and that it had been thoroughly tried'out elsewhere, particularly at the Universityof Wisconsin.Now I find that I have been much interested in and in favor of a plan of educationthat no one assumes the responsibility fororiginating, that was approved by the University Senate under misapprehensions, thatis not new anyway, and that so far is working out in practice both satisfactorily andunsatisfactorily. As I have said, I do notthink under these circumstances it is at alllikely to be successful for a considerablenumber of years.III.As I now reflect on the new plan, I do notthink it could succeed for several years evenif the president and the faculty were willingto accept responsibility for its initiation.The reason for this opinion is that the preparation for it by the professors was whollyinadequate. Of course, if any alumnusshould inquire of the faculty about thepreparation for the innovation, he would beinformed that the whole matter was discussed most exhaustively. But as every oneknows who has been forced to listen to suchdiscussions, they consist very largely of endless repetitions of platitudes and catchphrases, resting on no more solid foundationthan, "I think." If these academic babblingswere published they would be found to bealmost as inane as the contents of the Congressional Record.THE NEW EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 55In view of the considerable number ofscientists on the faculty, it is amazing thatan experiment was not made with themethod before it was forced on the students.Would it not have been in every respectsensible for the professors to forego their interminable talk and to try out this newplan on themselves? It would have takenthem only a few months. If they had donethis, they would have been dealing withwell-known human material, and hence theresults of their experiments would have enabled them to calibrate their scheme. Butnow when they try it on students whosemeasure of success in the world will notbe known for twenty years, it will be impossible to interpret and evaluate their results with any degree of certainty.Consider, for example, the intelligencetest. Does any one know the relationshipbetween the I.Q. of an individual and hisprobable success in the field of activity forwhich the University assumes it is preparinghim ? Certainly not ! When tested out onstudents alone, intelligence tests can onlyshow at the most a relationship betweenI.Q. and the ability to pass courses ratherthan to achieve success in the world. Toobtain a broader foundation for interpretingthese so-called ability tests, it would be interesting and instructive to find whether inrespect to I.Q. the President of the University ranks highest, the deans next, thenthe distinguished professors, and so onthrough the list of academic ranks to assistants. If there were such a relationship orany other that is definite, then studentsfrom their freshman year onward could »bepointed toward presidencies, deanships, etc.,just as in European countries the sons of thefavored classes from their cradles onwardare prepared for their ultimate careers.If the members of the faculty had firstmade their tests on mature and known material, such as themselves, they could anddoubtless would have greatly refined theirmethods. They would have devised specialtests for special characteristics, such as intellectual uprightness, and they would thenhave been able to determine its relationshipto success in various lines of intellectualendeavor. It would be interesting to know whether men in quite dissimilar fields differin intellectual uprightness. For example,they might find how Dean Mathews andDr. Gilkey compare in this mental characteristic with Professor Stieglitz and Professor Carlson. By devising many similartests and applying them generally to thefaculty and to other mature and well-knownpersons, it would be possible to determinewhat the relationships are between mentalqualities and success in various professionsand kinds of work. Then it would be possible to guide students through courses andtoward careers for which their mental endowments best fit them. If, however, nowell-defined relationships should be foundbetween the results obtained by tests andsuccess in life, then the whole costly processof testing students might well be abandoned.IV.The faculty has made another error that,in my opinion, is much more important thanits failure to calibrate its intelligence tests.It has arrived at the materials contained inthe new freshman courses by much talkrather than by first trying them out on itsown members. In all seriousness, I thinkevery member of the faculty should begiven in full detail the courses that it hasprescribed as an irreducible minimum forall freshmen. In fact, I wish the Trusteeswould make the rule that no person couldremain on the faculty for more than threeyears unless he should pass satisfactory examinations on these freshman courses, andthat no person should in the future be appointed to the faculty staff who had not firstpassed them. I think examinations on thesefreshman courses should be given everyquarter to the President and members of thefaculty until they either received satisfactory grades or automatically passed out ofthe University at the end of three years.There are two principal reasons why Ithink the faculty should take the coursesthey prescribe for all freshmen. In the firstplace, the professors should be forced tosee how dull these courses undoubtedly arein spots and to what a large extent theyare given from the narrow, prejudiced pointof view of the specialist. In the second56 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEplace, they should take these courses in orderto acquire an acquaintanceship with theircontents, for it would be absurd for anyfaculty member not to be a master of whatis so fundamentally important to generalculture as to be required of all freshmen.Many alumni will doubtless assume thatthe President and the deans and the teachersof lower rank already know all that is contained in these new courses. In my opinionthe assumption is quite erroneous. I do notthink any member of the faculty knowseven half the contents of these courses.About ten years ago I cooperated withfifteen members of the faculty in writingThe Nature of the World and of Man.During the preparation of the manuscriptsof this book, each author read his chapter tothe remainder of the group. After discussing the manuscripts for n\t months weconcluded our labors, each of us thinkingthat the remaining authors looked at thebroad field of science through gimlet holesand at their own special subjects with high-power microscopes. I am confident that atthe end of these many discussions not oneof those who participated in them kneweven twenty-five per cent of the contents ofthe book.V.It should not be assumed by the alumnithat the failure of the faculty to do theobviously wise thing of first trying out theintelligence tests and the new courses onits own members is entirely due to mentalobtuseness. I am confident that the explanation lies largely in quite other directions. One of the reasons for this failure isthat the professors do not feel that suchexperiments would be becoming to theirrank and their years.As far as the question of rank is concerned, it is deserving of no considerationin the launching of so important a projectas a revolution in college education. Togive it the slightest weight indicates a sadlack of perspective. As far as years areconcerned, they deserve no considerationunless they are accompanied by wisdom.Though information and learning often increase with years, the whole history of the world proves that in general the wisdomof men declines after they are thirty years ofage. This certainly is true if wisdom isdefined as the ability to reach advantageousdecisions under new conditions and to putthem into effect. The fact is tragicallyillustrated by the World War. Theolder men, holding all the positions of powerand responsibility, led the world into disaster; before their armistice, some millionsof young men gave up their lives. Nowthese older men stand completely bewilderedin the midst of the ruin they have wrought,without the slightest idea of what to do toaid the world in recovering from the resultsof their folly. Even if they did know whatto do, they would not have the vigor to act.It is easy to see why we do not becomewise with age. Life consists largely offailures and disappointments, and the painsof our experiences teach us what to avoidbut not what to do. Hence as we growolder we become more fearful and conservative but not more wise. Those whohave just finished their college courses havefreshly in their minds as a background fortheir guidance the history of the importanthuman events for more than two thousandyears, interpreted by experts. Withinfifteen years after their graduation all thismagnificent basis for wise decisions willhave completely disappeared, crowded outand displaced from their consciousness bytheir narrow and prejudiced interpretationsof their own petty experiences.You alumni who read these statementsare invited to test their truth on yourselves.During the last decade you have speculatedin real estate and in stocks and you havelearned some things you should not havedone. If you were back in 1921 knowingwhat you now know, your future wouldbe clear, but I ask you if your experiencehas at all prepared you to meet the entirelydifferent conditions you now face. If youare honest with yourselves, you will admitthat you are not prepared, and at the endof another decade you will find that youhave done no better than those who arejust starting without your sad experiences.And so I say that though learning oftenincreases with years wisdom rarely does. InTHE NEW EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 57pyy opinion, professors should expect andaccept no consideration just for their rankor their years, but they should rely for therespect of their fellow members and theirstudents entirely upon their intellectualbreadth and generosity of spirit, as well asupon their expert knowledge in their narrow, special fields.VI.Another reason why the professors havenot used themselves as laboratory materialfor trying out the new educational methodsis that they tenaciously hold the theory thatthey are a superior class of individuals forwhom primarily the University is maintained. They do not, of course, expresstheir position so frankly. This theory, atonce audacious and naive, is at the basisof their amazing assumption of specialprivileges. I refer to such things as thelong vacations they demand and secure eachyear, the permanency of tenure of theiroffices regardless of the extent to which theirwork may deteriorate, their freedom fromaccountability for their expressions ofopinion however hasty and absurd they maybe, and the pensions they wring fromharassed trustees who struggle to providefunds to educate the rising generation. Asimportant as these examples of assumed superiority are, there are others of even greaterconsequence which are not so easily stated.The mental slant of the faculty to which Ihave been referring is illustrated by theirtreatment of their students — in the arbitraryhours they set for their classes (for manyyears I had a class at 7 a.m.), in theirignoring every consideration except theirown convenience, in their unreasonableassignments, in the examinations exhaustiveas to details that they set, in their picayunishrequirements for degrees, and in countlessother impositions that every alumnus whoreads these words will remember. Howmany times unscrupulous professors havepublished as their own work the results obtained by students in the laboratories orthe materials gathered by students for termpapers will never be known.Until the alumni who read these wordsreflect on them a little they may seem too critical. The reason is that we have grownup in awe of the professors and have accepted without question their assumption ofsuperiority and the right to special privileges, as we have accepted our theology andour politics. Moreover, the professors havecarried on skillful propaganda with finephrases about scholarship and research anduseless truth for its own sake. Unfortunately, the alumni sometimes support suchpropaganda, just as they support and bet onthe team no matter who its opponent maybe, apparently under the delusion that theyare thereby being loyal to their AlmaMater. The most conspicuous recent example of such support is Mr. Henry J.Smith's poetic articles on the University,published in this magazine. They were sobeautifully written that they brought tearsto my eyes. Unfortunately for my presentremarks, they were largely true, but theyreferred to a few rare spirits in the University who were by no means representativeof the average professor. In order to arriveat a less distorted picture of the faculty asa whole, let me describe a representativemember at the extreme other end of thescale.After teaching a few years in a smalltown and acquiring a promising start toward a large family, Mr. A. Dubbe decidedto attend the summer session of the University solely for the purpose of possiblyincreasing his meager salary. During thefirst quarter the work for which he registered was entirely over his head, but hecould not afford to be discouraged. Smallmonetary contributions by his wife's parentsenabled him to remain in the Universitythroughout the year. He got through thenext summer by tutoring University HighSchool students who had failed to pass theirexaminations. Fortunately, as it ultimatelyturned out, he failed to get a job at theclose of the second summer. There was anunexpected rush of students at the beginningof the autumn quarter, and he was given$150 to teach a freshman course. Since hewas conservative and no serious complaintswere made of his work, he was continuedas an instructor throughout the year. Thenhe became ambitious and decided to work58 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEfor the Ph.D. degree. Since his serviceswere needed to teach classes at $150 percourse per quarter, his ambitions were onlymildly discouraged. The second year hetook on much drudgery for the head of hisdepartment; the next summer he was giventwo classes and was called "Professor" bystudents from the South. He had becomealmost a fixture in the department. Now,since it is not good form to have on thestaff a man who does not have a higherdegree, this faithful servant of his department was permitted to fulfill the formalrequirements for his Ph.D. degree.Dr. Dubbe steadily became a man ofmore and more importance, for he regularlyattended faculty meetings and always supported the Administration. He was an active member of committees on scholarship,improvement in teaching, and the curriculum, and he was an outspoken and upstanding advocate of research. In the eyes of theAdministration he was a sound man. Whenanother university raided his departmentand took away a man of higher rank, henaturally inherited the position. Eventuallyhe became a full professor and occupied aninch in "Who's Who."Lest there should be any misunderstanding, I wish emphatically to assure thealumni that Dr. Dubbe is the representativeof a small minority in the University. Yetmen approaching his type are sufficientlynumerous to explain, at least in part, suchremarkable things as permitting the newfreshman curriculum to be put into effectwithout first trying it out on the faculty.VII.Every loyal alumnus and especially everyalumnus who believes that on our universities hang our brightest hopes for the futureprogress of mankind will regret that Mr.Dubbe is on the faculty of his university,and that others of his kind are on the faculties of all other universities as well. As aconsequence of these regrets he will doubtless decide to contribute liberally to thenext campaign for funds to pay salariessufficient to attract to the University themost virile and independent minds. He isassured by the propaganda of the professors that this will be the result of higher salaries.Even if higher salaries would attract bettermen would they keep out Mr. Dubbe? Certainly not! The more attractive the finalposition, the greater the hardships Mr.Dubbe will undergo, the greater the snubsand rebuffs he will endure eventually toenjoy its rewards.In order to keep the Dubbes from seriously diluting the intellectual life of theUniversity, a radical reform is necessary.This reform consists in removing all thepetty privileges and protections, such as permanency of tenure, freedom from responsibility for utterances, and eventual pensions,that now attract mediocrity. Strong men,men like Chamberlin and Michelson andWhitman and Nef who made the University in its first thirty years, do not need suchshelter. They have been stout-heartedpioneers, masterly leaders into new fields.On the contrary, the effeminate, non-combative, mentally anemic, and stand-patDubbes have found under the University'swings the restful peace and comfortablesecurity which such timid souls crave.As I have said, I think the Trusteesshould promptly abolish all special privilegesand protections. Let them reward everymember of the faculty purely on the basisof his current contributions to the legitimatework of the University. It a man makeseminent contributions at the age of thirty,give him a distinguished professorship ; if hedegenerates and becomes intellectually flabbyat forty or fifty or at any other age, demotehim even through all the ranks and out ofthe University. Then will virile men bestrongly attracted to a university career, thewhole level of university intellectual lifeand achievement will be greatly raised, andthe rewards to the members of the facultywill be correspondingly increased, whilethe Dubbes will find useful occupation inoperating chicken farms.The universities have repealed the lawof the survival of the fittest, almost to theirundoing. Though this law appears to beharsh on the incompetent, it is one of themost important factors in progress, and itsoperation in the course of geological timehas raised us up from the lower animals.THE NEW EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 59With the teachings of biological and humanhistory before us, we cannot be excused forpermitting the ease and comfort of the incompetent to clog the stream of progressof our universities.VIII.Now, fellow alumni, if you ever mentionto the older members of the universityfaculty the sentiments I have expressed inthe foregoing paragraphs, they will probablyentirely miss the points I have attemptedto make and will tell you that I do not knowmuch about the new plan. As a matter offact, I have not criticized the plan but am, indeed, heartily in favor of it. Some members of the faculty are likely to makesarcastic remarks about me as an alumnus,as an ex-member of the faculty, as a tennisplayer, and a billiard player. For fairlyobvious reasons, I think it will be the partof wisdom for you not to attempt to answersuch aspersions. I suggest only that youinsistently inquire why the intelligence testshave not been calibrated by trying them outon the faculty, and why members of thefaculty have not subjected themselves to theirreducible minimum of courses they require of all freshmen.EVEthitphiThe Uninterrupted Work Week inSoviet RussiaBy Peter T. Swanish, Ph.D. '30VERYTHING is in a flux, every- suit, bring about an increase in theing changes," said Heraclitus, the number of workers engaged in indus-f philosopher of Ephesus. It is recorded of Cratylus, one of Plato's disciples,that he was not in agreement with Heraclitus, who said : "we cannot go down thesame river twice." Cratylus insisted thatwe could not do it even once, seeing thatwhile we were going down the river, itwas changing, was becoming another river.The calendar in Soviet Russia in matterof time has pursued the Einsteinian principleto its logical omega and on September 24,1929, adapted time to man, not man totime. The Council of People's Commissarsof the USSR on the above day issued adecree calling for the general introductionof the seven-day operating week in Sovietindustry and other branches of nationaleconomy. The decree maintained that"whereas, the introduction of the uninterrupted work week guarantees theexisting norms of rest, will increasethe economic power of the country, insure better utilization of existing equipment, reduce the duration of the periodof construction of new enterprises andof reconstruction of existing plants andmills, allow greater possibility for thedevelopment of industry and, as a re try;"whereas, furthermore, in this manner new possibilities will be openedfor a greater supply of industrial goodsto satisfy the needs of workers andpeasants, and for a further increase intheir material and cultural standardsof living, the Council of People's Commissars decrees that beginning with thefiscal year 1929/30, continuous production be introduced into industrialenterprises and offices."Four times since the Revolution of October 25th (old style) the Soviet Governmenthas made changes in the calendar to conform to the changed demands of their economic life. The first change was from theJulian to the Gregorian calendar. The365 J4 day year is eleven minutes longerthan a solar year. All long establishedcalendrical systems have had to wrestle withthis difficulty. Its recognition was involved in the various cycles of time periodswhich have characterized most developedsystems. The Metonic cycle of 19 years,traditionally inaugurated in Greece in 432B. C. aimed at an exact correspondence between lunar and solar reckoning. In prac-THE UNINTERRUPTED WORK WEEK 61tice, however, but few calendars have beenadapted to such cyclical variations, and consequently periodical "corrections" of calendars have been necessary. Pope GregoryXIII dropped io days from the year 1582and so disposed of the variation for theWestern world. From that time on thedifficulty was to be obviated by leavingout three intercalary days every 400 years.Russia and Greece retained the old styleuntil after the World War. The differencebetween the Julian and Gregorian calendars now equals 13 days plus.Mohammed was responsible for a bothersome disarray in the calendars of MoslemAfrica and the Far East. Before him theArabs used a luni-solar year. In 631 A. D.,shortly before his death, Mohammed imposed upon his followers a lunar year of12 lunar months of 29 days and at the sametime interdicted the practice of intercalation. Auguste Compte proposed a yearconsisting of thirteen months each with 4weeks of 28 days and one, in intercalaryyears two, blank days (364 — 1 or 2 respectively). Because of defects in the present12 month calendar business groups andsocial statisticians have urged a calendricalchange. The irregularity of acceptedmonth intervals creates serious obstacles tothe comparability of statistical and accounting data. It is thought by some that acalendar of 13 periods of 4 weeks each, eachperiod consisting of 28 days each, would befar more convenient for a complex commercial organization. The problem of makingany such radical change in habits acceptableto the masses of a single country, or of theworld, is, . however, very difficult. InSoviet Russia where people are not necessarily consulted on any question, where lawis the crystallization of political exigency,the initiation of any radical change createsno serious opposition.The second and fourth changes wereshifts in the Soviet budget year. The budget year was first shifted to begin withOctober instead of January in order tobase the budget on the harvest. Later, thebudget year was put back to January again.The reason underlying the change was thatbefore the attempt at intensive industrial ization of the country Soviet economic lifewas conditioned by the harvest and couldnot be safely planned until the grain was inthe granaries. With the growth of stateand collective farms, the government couldcount more or less on its harvest income, inwheat, flax, rye, sugar beets, and cotton ifnot in goods. The conditioning factor today is industrialization. Over a period of fiveyears 64^ billion rubles will be spent toaccomplish a building plan whose seasonis from spring till winter. This madeOctober an awkward date for measurement.Changes two and four bedevil quantitativeanalysis of economic changes in Soviet Russia. The shift for instance, complicatescomparisons between successive years in the5 Year Plan. The extra three months,October, November and December, weretreated as a "special brigade period," inwhich, as is usual in sloganized Soviet Russia, industry was to accomplish four andone-half months work in three as an exampleof how much more productive effort a merelabel or slogan can elicit in Soviet Russia ascontrasted with the quantity of productivecapacity drawn out of labor in an economyin which the pay envelope is the only incentive and in which 'capitalist exploiters' runwild.Control of the calendar has been synonymous with political power. Julius Caesarreformed the calendar to strengthen hissway over his subjects. In 46 B. C. withthe aid of the Alexandrian astronomer,Sosigenes, he inaugurated the EgyptianSolar year, improved by the addition of anintercalary day every fourth year and subdivided into months of somewhat unequallength with Roman names. Quintilis andSextilis were re-named Julius and Augustusin honor of Caesar and Augustus respectively. In the matter of calendrical change,Caesar surpassed Stalin. The months ofthe year are one of the few institutionswhich have remained unaffected by the Revolution of October 191 7.The adoption of the five-day week cameafter much discussion in the press and ineconomic and industrial enterprises as tothe most effective method of introducing thecontinuous work week in Soviet enterprises.62 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEThe problem was preliminarily studied bya special Commission appointed August1929 and composed of representatives ofGosplan, the Supreme Economic Counciland the Council of Labor and Defense.Under the present calendar every Sovietworker labors four days out of five in thenew week as against five and one-half daysout of seven before the introduction of thechange. Combined with the five-day weekis a system of rotating holidays for differentindustrial groups. Workers as a mass donot have one rest day in common, Sunday,as before, but stop work on "color" daysassigned to them. All a worker need remember is the color of the day on which heis to leave-off. The calendar is studdedwith colored dots. January 1st of 193 1began with "yellow," and then in rotation,white, red, blue, green, and "yellow", etc.,throughout the year. All "reds" cease workon every "red" day of the calendar; all"greens" rest on every "green" day and soon. Within the same family, five membersmay "shut up shop" on different coloreddays and never have a day together excepton the legal holidays and vacation periods.The total number of rest days for everyworker in enterprises and offices where thefive-day week is effective (construction andseasonal industries are not affected) mustnot be less than 72 per annum. The lengthof the continuous weekly rest for suchworkers must not be less than 39 hours.In certain enterprises where several shiftsare employed, this rule is not enforced solong as the average number of hours ofrest for a period is not less than decreed.Prior to the genesis of the five-day continuous week, the annual labor time spentin Soviet enterprises operating 7 hours perday was 1966 hours. The normal restperiod under this arrangement was 63 days.Combined with the annual vacation allowedall workers, 14 days, the total rest periodamounted to 77 days. In the five-day continuous week (four days work and one dayrest) the annual number of hours is 1932,while the normal rest period increases 1 1days, i.e., from 63 to 74. The vacation interval is 15 days.All enterprises that work without a break for repairs now operate 360 days insteadof 280-300 days annually. Industry andtrade pause of course on the five Soviet legalholidays: (1) January 22nd, Lenin's Day;(2) (3) May 1st and 2nd, InternationalDays; (4) (5) November 7th and 8th,Days of the Proletarian Revolution. Thefive legal holidays, however, do not touchthose enterprises which ordinarily continueoperations the year round such as powerplants, trolley lines, railroads, hospitals,etc. Single-shift industries cannot, of course,introduce the continuous week. Where ashortage of raw materials exists for anyreason, such as in the tobacco and rubberindustries, the continuous week cannotbe adopted. Where old machinery cannot stand the strain of uninterrupted operation, the introduction of the continuous weekis precluded at the outset. Plants that stopwork for repairs monthly now operate 351days annually. Betterments are made oneday a month for nine months. In the remaining three months, repairs are made onthree of the legal holidays. The theoretical increase in production, productivity oflabor held constant, is 20% and 17% respectively.The 5 Year Plan projected an increaseof 24% in industrial output. The Supreme Economic Council adjusted this estimate to 31.2% or a plus of 7.2% as aconsequence of the introduction of the continuous work week. Gosplan estimatedthe increase at from 5-6% for 1929/30.This coefficient of increase applied to thegross output of the Soviet Union in 1929-30 would mean an increase in productionof roughly 600 million rubles. "Gosplanestimated the increase over the five yearperiod due to the calendrical change at 15billion rubles." (Olin, "Results of theContinuous Work Week," Moscow, 1930,p. 6.) The output is measured in rublesand not in physical units of product andthe estimate should be revised to allowfor variations in the price index.By April 1930, 63% of the "heavy"industrial plants (those producing capitalgoods) had introduced the continuous workweek. The constant charges per unit ofoutput have decreased since capital equip-BANDITRY ON THE YANGTZE 63ment is employed 351-360 instead of 280-300 days annually. Decreased cost due tolower fixed charges per unit of producthas not, however, resulted in a reduction inthe market price of the product to the consumer. The difference has been added tothe profits of state economic organs. Whatthe result has been in terms of labor efficiency is hard to say on account of thepaucity of statistical facts. The strain imposed upon the State Budget on account ofpayments of unemployment insurance benefits is less since the additional labor requiredby the five-day continuous work week isestimated at 20-25%, productivity of laborheld constant. This absorbs a proportionate number of unemployed workers.Religion has lost out in the bargain sinceorganized workship essential to the existence of an institutional church, is impossible. The resources formerly used up inanti-religious propaganda are now appliedto industrialization and collectivization ofthe Soviet economy. "Religion has lost out,Yangtze, above Chung-king,China.Dear Friend :Grace and I are on a Chinese steamer,of half-pint capacity. We occupy a claimstaked out on top of four bales of cottonyarns, stacked against the very warm wallof the engine room. We slept on thisclaim last night, and will have to againtonight, if we don't make our destination.The illegibility of my handwriting is dueto the vibration of the ship.It is a travelling slum! At night everyinch of deck is covered with quilt cocoons.Utterly promiscuous. It violates every fastidious instinct of the better-class Chineseas well as our own. But one has to putup with it under the circumstances. Whichare as follows: we left Chung-king in alittle Chinese boat, with our own cots neatlyset up, and the apartment decently curtained off. We went by river because wehad too much freight to carry overland. Itwould have cost double as much to go that but production and the working class hastriumphed." The abolition of the numerouschurch holidays has simplified the task ofthe Society of the Godless.The continuous work week has likewisesimplified the problem of propaganda.Museums, cinemas, theatres, etc., hot-housesof Soviet propaganda, now remain opencontinuously and excursions of workers andpeasants come and go without end. Theuninterrupted production week is also acontinuous propaganda week.From the standpoint of coordination ofall State functions, the continuous workweek creates a multiplicity of difficulties.Credit-institutions, dispensaries, hospitals,shoemakers, tailors, barbers, pharmacists,doctors, dentists, all must perforce adapttheir activities to the needs of factoryworkers. The absence of a "key-man" inevitably upsets the smooth operation of anenterprise on his day of rest. Such difficulties remain a burr in the fleece of the newcalendar.way. We didn't count on the expensive-ness of the accident which did befall us.One day above Chung-king we wereboarded by a gang of bandits. They hadevidently followed us and made elaborateplans, for they had their own boat, and wereequipped with pistols and flashlights. Aswe learned afterwards from the boatmen,they boarded the boat fore and aft simultaneously, cut our boat adrift and thenrobbed us at their leisure. It was in themiddle of the night, I forgot to state, whenwe were tied up at a small town.The first Grace and I knew, we wereawakened by the sudden entrance of sixor eight armed men who wrenched off ourwrist-watches, and immediately tore up ourbeds, looking for valuables concealed there.They also gratuitously whacked us withtheir pistols, and poor Grace had her wriststied so tight behind her that her hands werenumb. I tried to keep a blanket round me,but they must have thought I was trying tohide valuables in its folds, for they keptBanditry on the Yangtze64 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpulling it off and tying my hands behindme. My arms are still quite black andblue from their handling. Each time I gotloose quite easily, until the third time theygagged me, threw a blanket over my headand put me beside Grace on the cot. I gotrid of the gag quite easily, and then Graceand I untied each other, lying back to back.Our guests were with us more than anhour, — a tornado couldn't have been morethorough-going. They were perfectly surewe must have a lot of money with us, soalthough they found the $160.00 Chinesesilver we had, in the first few minutes, theytore up everything looking for more, andkept threatening to kill or kidnap us if wedidn't give them more. I really was afraidthat in their disappointment they mighttake us for ransom. Over and over theydemanded gold money, foreign gold money.I couldn't make out why they thought wewould be carrying foreign gold, but afterwards, when we were cleaning up the mess,it dawned on me, — they had found that$10.00 gold piece that you gave me yearsago in New York, and they thought it wasonly a sample of some secret hoard!They also demanded pistols, which ofcourse we never carry. They found a partof a little hand centrifuge I had bought forlaboratory work, and thought that was apistol because of its shape. But as it veryevidently didn't work, they threw it aside.The money loss wouldn't have been sobad. My watch was a valuable one, but Icould do with a cheap one all right. Andeven my pretty jewelry — they took almostall my Chinese rings, earrings, and chains,though they weren't of much value — Icould do without. But they took our twotypewriters, my expensive German camera,half my obstetrical instruments, all Grace'swinter bedding and half of mine, my newmosquito net, all my shoes but two pairs(all that were not nailed up). I still havesome new ones in a packing case they didnot open. Grace's mimeograph, the gasoline lantern I had bought for the schoolof midwifery, and five new kerosene lanterns we were taking to Cheng-tu, allGrace's coats but the one she was wearing, and two of my coats, our floor paint, our canned butter, three alarm clocks, andtwo suits of gentlemen's clothes we weretaking up for others, our best dresses, myspectacles, etc., etc.So, as we had no money even for ourdaily rice, Grace had to run down to Chungking the next morning to get some more andto report the robbery. And Chung-kingpeople strongly advised, practically insisted,that we let our goods go on without us,while we, for safety's sake, took a steamer.We acquiesced, so here we are on thisvibratory travelling slum, misnamed theS. S. Heavenly Bliss.You should have seen the job we hadpicking up and packing. The bandits surelydid a thorough job. They did not openany nailed cases, but short of that theyransacked the place. They opened everypiece of baggage, tore up every package,threw out the contents of every container,opened every little cardboard box, smashedphonograph records, scattered card files,unfolded everything that could be unfolded,trampled everything under foot, ripped upthe floor boards, and generally made onechaotic mess. The things down in thehold had been moved around every whichway, and stuff strewn all over them, sothat we kept stepping into the most unexpected pitfalls. I think the long scratchon my leg and the biggest bruise on mythigh are due to that rather than directlyto the bandits.Sorting was one terrific job. We didthe first pick-up before daylight, merelygetting things out from underfoot and intoboxes, and the floors into some sort ofshape, picking out broken phonograph records and squashed chocolate creams andanagrams. Also trying to save pictures andpapers from any further damage. Some ofthe lovely Italian and French prints Ibought in Europe last year were spoiled,but the best ones were safe. And when ourcarefully selected Japanese prints turned upsafe we were relieved.Of course after that hurried pick-up,things had to be rearranged several times.Things turned up in the most unlikelyplaces, the potato masher stuck in the roof,the boat-captain's new white muslinBANDITRY ON THE YANGTZE 65trousers neatly folded up in the bottom ofGrace's trunk. My smaller trunk had beenfull of little things, each wrapped in a scrapof goods or stocking. Toys, safety razors,hypo needles, Woolworth jewelry, smallstuff of all kinds, mostly for gifts. I don'tknow yet what is gone of that collection.I did save my dolls. Grace's two Japanesedolls had their heads broken off.The bandits did miss one big suitcase thatwas wedged in between packing cases downin the hold. When later we were fitting inthe boxes differently, and that suitcase wasbrought up, I simply gloated over its beautiful orderliness. There wasn't much in itthey would have wanted, but there weremy Chinese costumes, some perfume andsoap for gifts, baby clothes for gifts andseveral pieces of cotton prints for our summer dresses. They might have taken thatlast item. They certainly would have rummaged everything, torn up the pretty littleboxes and smashed the records.Heavenly Bliss is certainly rough riding.I don't know whether you can read this atall. Hope we get into Luchow tonightand leave the ship. Last night was enoughfor me. We had spent the whole day onsmall uncomfortable stools, because therewasn't space to unfold a cot. Then whenwe anchored, they discharged the top layerof bales and gave us space on top of thelower layer, and we promptly made ourbed there. We had no sooner got all ourblankets out, than a coal boat pulled alongside, and they started loading coal througha manhole in the deck at the head of ourbed! We rolled up our blankets and saton them, while coal dust sifted over everything. Understand, the deck is less thanfive feet wide, the row of bales occupiedhalf its width; the baskets of coal werelifted through a gap in the rail and draggedpast our bed, up-ended and dumped throughthe manhole, and the empty baskets bouncedover the rail in clouds of dust, while cooliesstruggled back and forth and stepped onour bed to get past each other !When this diversion ceased, we unrolledour bed again, and composed ourselves tosleep. But a gang of little boy beggars on the shore kept up a continual howling andwailing until an opium smoking woman ofquestionable virtue gave them some moneyto go. People kept moving back and forth,until a gentleman spread his bedroll onthe floor beside us and thus blocked thepassage. After that it behooved the trafficto scramble monkey-like along the railing.About 10 p.m., passengers began tocome back from their visits ashore to tea-shops and wine-shops. They completelycovered the floor. The woman mentionedabove had an opium-jag on, — you knowsome people get exhilarated on it insteadof soothed, and she talked continuously ina loud, hard, clanging voice for four hourswithout stopping for breath. I lookedaround the corner about 1 a.m., and sawher the only one sitting, bolt upright, reeling off her interminable stories to the prostrate crowd. Finally she roused her chubbylittle slave girl to fix her pipe and this timeshe seemed to find it sedative.There is a lot of smoking going on, butwe don't get the smell of the main deck,only from the forward cabins. I've smelledit worse in less airy quarters. I do feel theneed of some sleep though. Since we leftChung-king I have had only two decentnights. The first night on a journey I neversleep well, so I got only an hour or twothen. The second night we had the banditsand no sleep at all. The third night I sleptlike a log. The fourth night we anchorednext to a boat load of pigs that hadn'tbeen fed for three days. They were notsilent for ten minutes consecutive fromsundown to dawn. The fifth night we wereguests of a China Inland missionary in aclean little whitewashed room, but we bothhad bad dreams. I kept dreaming of clearing up the boat, and stepping on tubes oftooth paste with bare feet. And last nightwas the sixth.If you have given up this scrawl beforenow, I don't wonder. I'm writing as muchto pass the time as for any other reason.But I have been almost as garrulous as thewoman who kept us awake last night.Sincerely,Marion.For AlumnaeBy An AlumnaUSUALLY women want the lastword, but this time they have put intheir bid to have the first action.It is the proud, though in some quarters,rueful, boast of the University women thatthey succeeded in adopting the "humanerushing rules" a year before the men. Thisis, of course, one of the big events of theseason and the topic of -much Coffee Shopand Cobb-landing discussion.The first echoes are dying down a littleby now, and there is rising a plaintive wailfrom an unexpected corner. The Freshmanwomen find themselves dateless and don'tlike it. Heretofore the first year girls madetheir social debut via the blind date engineered by the older club sister. But nowthat great system fails to provide. Withtheir usual ingenuity, however, the womenare rallying to the cause of social life, bylarge openhouse parties at Ida Noyes Hall,promoted by Freshman Women's Club.This club, which is receiving hearty support this year, due to the new pledging rule,which keeps freshman from joining secretclubs till spring quarter, is trying to bringthe freshman women together for purposesof acquaintance and good times. It is underthe wing of Federation, legally, but is stepping out at a good pace.Incidentally, those alumnae who remember Federation as a war-baby with precarious health, will be interested in knowing that it has now assumed guardianshipover freshman women and maintains anelaborate and effective system of upperclasscounsellors for them. A large share ofthe Freshman Week work falls upon theshoulders of these volunteer workers.Two recent changes in personnel willmake many alumnae think regretfully ofthe pleasant contacts of their undergraduatedays. Mrs. Goodspeed, the guardian angelof Ida Noyes Hall, will retire in January,turning over her duties to Mrs. AlmaBrooks, of Kansas University. True toform, Mrs. Goodspeed is entering at onceupon another project — publicity work for the World's Fair. No, Mrs. Goodspeedwill never retire in any ordinary sense. Andthen, Mrs. Flint, for long the chairmanof the Women's University Council, andfriend to thousands of alumnae, has leftthat position to work out part of the newplan, the "composition department" inthe Humanities. Although everyone whohas rejoiced and labored in her Composition Course will be glad to know thatshe is concentrating on that field, one feelssorry for the college generations that willmiss knowing her through the Council.Another development that touches thewomen's affairs particularly is the appointment of Damaris Ames (Damaris was Mrs.Goodspeed's assistant at Ida Noyes Hall)and Bill Scott, as co-chairmen of the University Social Committee. They are working out a program to take in all students anduse all the University's resources forentertainment and "socialization," whichpromises to be one of the most interestingangles of the new college.All the girls are agog as it were, over themen's new residence halls. Reports filterout that the food is good and the roomsmost pleasant. Foster and Kelly have beenseen to sigh, or heard, I suppose, wistfullyover their Saturday lunches, moaning "Themen have all the breaks." Yes, Saturdaylunch is still "creamed barnacles on toastand tapioca." We refrain from quotingthe graphic description of the latter.However, some lucky maidens who arecanny enough to pick their boy friends fromthe number of the residents of the newTrans-Midway mansions, will have a chanceto see the new halls when the boys begintheir program of guest nights. Thursdayevenings ladies may be invited to dinner,and great is the interest of the ladies in theinvitations. A dance held as a house warming in November was a great success.The Inter-fraternity Ball, held November 25, in the Crystal Ballroom of theBlackstone Hotel, created its usual rippleof feminine excitement. Barbara Cook and66FOR ALUMNAE 67Dorothy Faris were chosen to lead the promenade. Barbara is a Sigma, Aide, production manager of Mirror and honoraryColonel of the R. O. T. C, thereby proving that junior Phi Betes do not all wearflat heels and dwell in the stacks. Dorothyis not in residence Fall quarter, but willreturn in the winter. Yes, she is relatedto Dr. Faris, — his niece.Plans for Mirror come on apace. Latecommittee meetings and much conversationindicate a good production. Betty Parker,one of the stars of last year's show, will beback to add her blonde grace to the dancing,and enough of the old ballet remains to assure the audience of a good ensemble. Theamount of work, practice and promotionthat goes into Mirror would amaze anymere man who became involved in it. Thechorus practices as faithfully as any team,and we venture, gets as much exercise.The committees meet all over the place andMr. O'Hara is given every opportunity toacquire merit through patience.Speaking of practice for the chorus — fewwho lived in Foster through the productionof "High Heels" wjll ever forget the rehearsals of Marge Miller and MarcellaRiver, nor the after-dinner writhings of thecontortion and adagio team.W. A. A. continues on its independentway, enjoying its intramural sports andworking out its program of play for play'ssake with remarkable consistency. A recentvisit from Miss Anne Hodgkins, field secretary of the National Amateur Athletic Federation, only served to convince the W.A. A. that it was ahead of the times, athletically speaking, and had already acquiredmost of the blessings of which the visitorspoke. There is no indication of W. A. A."going national" yet.The war between the Phoenix and theInterclub Council has reached an impasse.The Phoenix, having merged with thathighly respectable and authentic journal, LaCritique, is no longer the same Magazine.The question remains to be answered asto which factor in the new publication willdominate. Meanwhile the women are waiting suspiciously and continue their ban onsales in Ida Noyes Hall, and Freshman Women's Club and Interclub Council refuse to recommend Phoenix-peddling to thefirst year women. If the new magazinemeets with their approval they will probably change their policy.Ida Noyes Hall will present a surpriseto those who go there, hoping for lunch.The cafeteria has been temporarily closedfor repairs, and the trade, which has beenvisibly dwindling, is recommended to theausterities of Hutchinson Commons. Thedate for reopening has not been announced ;some people are looking with eyes of desireupon the room with student art exhibitionsin mind.Erstwhile dwellers in the women's residence halls will be interested in the newsthat Blake Hall, next to Cobb, Gates, andCenter Hall are now being used for womenstudents. The demand for rooms exceededthe accommodations of the UniversityAvenue buildings, and, since the men aremore anxious to live across the Midwaythan in the Ellis antiques, even Blake Hallis now more than half filled with women.There are no meals served. HasseltineByrd, popular head of Foster Hall, hasmoved over to take charge, while AgnesScharp is head resident of Foster, and VestaSweitzer, head of Gates. Lucile Pfaender,'31, just back from a trip to Ireland benton research, is assistant head at Foster.Catty, the famous, the inscrutable, the all-knowing Catty, is still the unofficial director of affairs there, and still announcesthe "gentleman to see you" of a Friday evening with the same sepulchral tone.Miss Clark, Y. W. C. A. secretary, ispresiding over Beecher again, and from allreports the Beecher crowd is more thanusually hilarious this year. It should be,with Margaret Egan, women's editor ofthe Maroon, Becky Hayward, and thejournalistic outfit assembled there. Mrs.Logsdon, who headed Greenwood Hall before it was torn down to make way for themen's halls, is now at Kelly.Aside from the still slightly difficult Empress Eugenies the freshman girls fit into thepicture very easily and seem to find the newplan to their liking. (It is still hard toreconcile those plumes with our Gothic68 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEtowers.) One hears from all sides thewail that "we're being worked to death,"under the opportunity-not-compulsion regime, but one supposes that it is, after all,suicide, and not a matter to be concerningthe neighbors. However, everybody seemshappy discovering the University, even thebe-plumed freshman who was heard to announce on her way up to "old Cobb library"(take that, class of '30) that the Iliad waswritten in prosaic hexameter. So, justDR. BENJAMIN STUYTESTERRY, a member of the firstfaculty of the University of Chicago and for thirty-three years professorof English history on the Midway, diedOctober 29 at his home, the Hotel Windermere, following a long illness.Dr. Terry was one of the distinguishedgroup of scholars brought to Chicago in1892 by William Rainey Harper, and heldthe first chair of English history in theUnited States. He continued in active service until he was made professor-emeritusin 1925. From 1895 to 1899 he was Deanof the Senior Colleges at the University.Among his more notable publications havebeen his "History of England from EarliestTimes to the Death of Victoria," publishedin 1901, and "A History of England forSchools," published in 1903.Dr. Terry came of a pioneer family thatwas prominent in the settlement of theNorthwest Territory. A maternal grandfather, Judge John A. Wakefield, led theexpedition for the relief of Ft. Dearborn,and was one of the earliest settlers in Illinois. His great-grandfather, BenjaminStuytes, led the group which settled Cincinnati, then called Columbia, and in 1789founded and gave the land for the FirstBaptist Church there, the first Protestantchurch in the Northwest Territory. Hisuncle, Elijah Stuytes Terry, was the firstBaptist missionary in the Northwest Terri- between us girls, we live and learn.No woman's page would be completewithout a recipe corner, but instead, wewould like to recall, this month, certainfamous concoctions. We suggest that youmeditate upon the glories of wassail, tombstone, barnacles, chocolate rolls, cookies-from-Holmes's, Y. W. sandwiches, CoffeeShop banana cream pie, buttercrust rolls,dormitory coffee and Foster grape fruit andthen go out for dinner.tory. Dr. Terry's father, John CarlosTerry, was the first editor of the PioneerPress of St. Paul.Born in St. Paul, April 9, 1857, Dr.Terry received the A.B. degree at ColgateUniversity in 1878 and the A.M. at thesame institution in 1881. After pursuingdivinity studies at the Hamilton and theRochester Theological Seminaries, hestudied in Germany, where he took the doctorate of philosophy at the University ofFreiburg in 1892.Colgate University in 1903 conferred theLL.D. degree on Dr. Terry. Other honorspaid him in recognition of his scholarshipincluded election as Fellow in the RoyalHistorical Society, and election to the American Historical Society. An ordained Minister, Dr. Terry was known at the University of Chicago as a brilliant preacher as wellas a distinguished scholar and teacher.In 1 88 1, Dr. Terry married Miss MaryBaldwin, of Troy, New York. His widowand three children survive: Schuyler Baldwin Terry, '05, Ph.D. '10, vice-presidentof the Chase-Harris-Forbes Corporation;Mrs. Edith Terry Bremer '07, general secretary, Immigrant Girls Division, the Y. W.C. A., and Mrs. Ethel Terry-McCoy, '07,Ph.D. '14, who formerly was assistant professor of chemistry at the University.Funeral services were held in BondChapel of the University of Chicago, Monday afternoon November 2.Benjamin Stuytes Terry1857 — 1931ALUMNI A F F A I R SFROM the palmy shores of Californiato the placid plains of Philadelphia,from the polar regions of Milwaukeeto the sunshine of Memphis, alumni havecongregated in divers cities and towns to renew their youth and hear the latest news ofthe University from the lips of itinerantfaculty. A really gratifying turnout ofgraduates and ex-students has greeted thedozen faculty men who have visited alumnicenters since the opening of the Universityon the first of October.President Hutchins led the barnstormersin the invasion of Milwaukee on OctoberIO. Milwaukee alumni had been clamoringfor a visit from the President for a longtime, and his reception left nothing to bedesired. The Club there is very active andalive to community and University issues.In November, they held another highlysuccessful and enthusiastic meeting withDean Boucher as the speaker of the day.Convinced by the Milwaukee meetingthat Chicago alumni were really interestedin their University, Mr. Hutchins journeyedout to Philadelphia and addressed a meetingof the faithful of that city. According toreports the only difficulty experienced wasin getting away from his eager questionersafter the meeting was officially over. ThePhiladelphia Club has plans for anothermeeting this winter of a highly unusualnature, — to be divulged later.Dean Boucher made two other addressesto alumni groups in November, at Louisvilleand Cincinnati. In both centers he was delightfully entertained and agreeably surprised by the number of interested alumniwho attended the dinner meetings. Memphis and Little Rock have invited the Deanto visit their clubs in December.In Indiana two clubs have started up withevery indication that they will flourishmightily. The Indianapolis Club met withDean Laing on October 23, and report that they were all so charmed and delightedthat they plan a permanent organization tokeep them in touch with the University,so that they may anticipate further meetingsof the same type. At Muncie, Indiana, anorganization meeting was held in the middleof November, and further meetings planned.The Kansas frontier has been the scene ofa good deal of action too. At Lawrence,Mr. Ullman met with a large group on November 6. They were so enthusiastic thatthey proceeded to elect officers, pass resolutions and plan programs at once. Thealumni at Manhattan, who met with Mr.Coleman and Mr. Tryon were equally delighted. At Manhattan the meeting wasthrown open to the delegates at a teachers'conference then in progress, so quite a largenumber of people "met the University"upon this occasion. Wichita people drewDean Gilkey, and planned a "simple familydinner" in his honor on November 6. Itwas a large family that assembled, wellover sixty claiming membership as sons anddaughters of the same mother, and the occasion was a most delightful one. DeanGilkey reports that there is no questionabout the continued interest and intelligententhusiasm of the alumni. Everyone seemedto be not only interested in the new planand the progress of the University, butsufficiently informed to ask searching questions.Grand Rapids, Michigan, met with DeanSpencer of the School of Commerce andAdministration, on December 1. The contingent of business men was, of course, particularly interested in the progress of theSchool in its new quarters under the reorganization.Harold Swift, president of the Board ofTrustees, made one of his rare public appearances at Cleveland, Ohio, on December4, at the urgent request of the Alumni Clubthere. The group at Cleveland had been697o THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEdemanding him for some time and theirhighest expectations were more than satisfied.From the far west coast come reports ofa homecoming celebration in Portland forDr. and Mrs. F. L. Griffin, held in September at the home of Mr. and Mrs. V. A.Crum. Residents of Southern Californiawere greatly delighted by a visit from Dr.Avery O. Craven, who gave an addressabout his historical studies that fascinatedexperts and amateurs alike.In Chicago there has been much activity.The West Side Suburban Alumnae Clubhas been studying the new plan, with lectures on each of the divisions by men mostclosely connected with the planning of thework.The Chicago Alumnae Club opened itssocial season on December 5, with a tea in Burton Court. Dr. Allen Albert spoke on"Recent Progress toward the Century ofProgress," telling about the work on theWorld's Fair. Before the program thealumnae had a chance to inspect the newresidence halls.The Chicago Alumni Club celebrated itsannual Football Dinner on November 12,in honor of Coach Stagg and the team. Theprincipal speeches were given by JesseHarper, '07, Director of Athletics at NotreDame and Judge Walter P. Steffan, '10,J.D. '12, who, over the week ends, is headcoach at Carnegie Tech.Altogether the alumni scene is unusuallyfair this year. The spontaneous interest ofthe clubs and the cordial and enthusiasticreceptions given faculty visitors prove thatthere is a strong bond between Universityand graduate."In My Opinion"(With No Apologies)South Fork Farm,Edinburg, 111.Dear Editor:After giving deep thought to Mr. Millett's article in the last number of TheUniversity of Chicago Magazine, Ifeel that I really must register a protest overthe signature of "indignant reader" or "unquestionably narrow and ignorant."He is describing our great farm population in most uncomplimentary terms, andalthough I know that he is making it allup, it does give one a disagreeable sensationto be talked about as though one were acharacter in "The Growth of the Soil" or"Joseph and his Brethren."Many of us will be in Chicago next weekat the International Stock Show althoughwe are supposed to be greatly embarrassedin the "unreal world" away from home.Many more of us will be on the farm, dueto the price of wheat or the weather, orwhatever it is that our pagan souls areworshiping that day, but perhaps we shallbe finding consolation in the PhiladelphiaSymphony Orchestra on our radios, or entertaining our city friends who love to come out for a day or a summer to play with ourkittens or eat our guineas, or even — Mr.Millett will not believe it — discuss the widewide world before our open fire.We do not feel that we are differentfrom our neighbors. Consequently we mustassume that Mr. Millett is all wrong, andthat the interests of our lives are not sonarrow, after all. No matter how manyyears our author has spent growing up ona farm, he cannot speak for the wholeworld.Why does he think that we cannot findentertainment for our duller moments?Miles mean nothing to the "countryman,"and the roads to towns radiate from us likethe spokes on our wagon wheels.Altogether, this article of Mr. Millett'shas turned out to be quite an added interest in my supposedly narrow life, but I sincerely hope that there will not be otherslike it in our magazine, or I cannot lend itto my friends when I pass on the CountryGentleman and The Prairie Farmer.Very truly yours,Mary Prince Richardson, '16Ten Months Without GangstersBy Felix Peeters(Continued from November issue)IEAVE the library for a moment tolook for a more quiet spot and you--' find yourself lassoed by the librarian,who is curious to know how many reviewsthere are in the library at Brussels, or bythe youngest philologist, who asks you thirtyquestions in a row on the business, thebeer, the buildings, the territorial extent, thewealth of Belgium. Go up one flight . . .Alone at last ! No. The sound of teacupsand of a piano remind you that this is thehour for tea among the students of Romancelanguages. Vigorous arms seize you, andwithout warning you are obliged to give ademonstration of speed and endurance inFrench. In the middle of a long sentence,which had been running off at 120 words tothe minute, you take flight, and like a projectile disappear in the main library stacks.Thence, however well sheltered by Greekand Latin Corpus, you are driven out by abattalion of young girls who wish to consultthe same works for the very same course. . .It is time to leave and return to thedormitory for a short respite. Someoneknocks at the door : I am wanted for dinner.By a certain intimate persuasion, aestheticas well as gastronomic, I turn down theself-service cafeteria of the University, located (of all places) in a collegiate Gothicchapel, and I suggest the Graduate Club.Books and cliques, newspapers and familiarfaces are there waiting for me. No manescapes his fate. I must resign myself tocommunal life. To dine in some lunchroom is unwise and productive of no good.On the way back to the dormitory onestops at the undergraduate club, whichis open, like the other, to all. At first itsluxurious appearance intimidates, and thesign at the door reading "Come in" hardlytempts any but the most audacious. Littleby little one ventures in, only to beholdmore apparatus: billiards, chess, bowling,other sorts of games . . . Should you pre fer to hear the latest Republican campaignspeech, or the Palmolive concert overW G N , the reading room, where one entershat on head, offers its armchairs and itsperiodicals. In the room adjoining a danceis going on. By radio amplification a phonograph inspires a few shorn lambs and somenotorious beginners, who have just graduated from their first dancing lessons in acourse organized by the University. Allthese young people flutter about under thevigilant and serious eye of a lady who hasbeen detailed especially to this service. Fromtime to time a Paul Jones is set in motionand laughter breaks out. Not content withoffering opportunities to meet other students, the University does its best to bringthis about.In the meantime a solemn chant canbe heard nearby; it is the Universitychoir rehearsing what it will sing on Convocation Day. In a small auditorium upstairs a rehearsal of the next play is beinggiven. Under the windows passes the University band, through lines of spectators,while its bass drums, mounted on wheels,thunder, and its great horns bellow grotesquely. A football game is near, and thebandmaster strives to achieve the poses andthe turns of his baton which will bring applause. On the campus itself Freshmen intheir green-ribboned caps are learning, withtireless good will, the deafening cheerswhich will spur on their Alma Mater'steam, and "Go, Chicago! Go!" re-echoesceaselessly.From the playing field, from the gymnasium, from the pool, the athletes arehurrying to change for dinner at the fraternity, at the club, at some rendez-vouswith friends.Let's hurry! The Classical Club meetstonight. A well documented paper, a fruitsalad and some ice cream; a little gossip, afew comments on the lecture, which createthe general opinion of tomorrow; a bit ofbridge in a corner, and, for me, a chance to7172 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsee my colleagues in a different light. Herethey criticize some official of the University ;now a professor calls you by your first name,and joins the group. Gossip goes on busilyin a corner. In another part of the roomProfessor Williams inquires indirectly aboutwork in progress, and communicates his impressions of a recent trip to Europe. For thehundredth time the philologist lays hold onme with questions about "that devilish dialect of yours" (he means Flemish).It is eleven o'clock: time to leave. I accompany a professor to the QuadrangleClub, which is the rendezvous of facultymembers. A large, plain building in theCalifornia Spanish style, it contains a billiard room and a drawing room, at theground level, and above, a restaurant anda reading room. In no way does it seemdifferent from any bankers', athletic, or University club, however haunted these maybe by millionaires connected more or lessmonetarily with the campus. None of thosefaces that are typical of an intellectualmilieu. The safety razor and the ChicagoTribune have done their work here. I remind my friend, the professor, of certainaspects of the European scene which heknows and understands; I make comparisons with the interior before us ; but I sensein him a pride which obliges him to deny hisspiritual indebtedness, which prevents himfrom seeing in its entirety what the mastersof the Middle West owe to the Germanuniversities.I leave my companion at his door andinhale the cool breeze which blows in fromthe lake. It will do me good to go for astroll on the Midway. On its walks, whichparallel the south front of the University,I can think at leisure or merely enjoy thepassing scene. Everywhere: in the parkways, in the houses sheltered behind treesand shrubbery, noise, songs, music, the soundof gaiety. People in groups enter and leave ;automobiles pull away from the curb; areception is being given at the FrenchHouse. Still another small collective entity, somewhat isolated from the others, buthow charming! Only French is spokenthere: the awkward French of Romance language students who have placed themselves under the aegis of a French ladywhose duty it is to teach them the ready-made expressions so necessary to travelersand so useful to young women who wishto conquer Paris.Over there to the east of the FrenchHouse, facing the Midway, is the Schoolof Education, and next to it that superbIda Noyes Hall where all the grandreceptions of the University are held.Emanating from its upper stories, onehears the Alma Mater, sung by groups ofchoristers ; below, where there is a refectoryand several large halls with fine, open bay-windows, can be heard bursts of soundwhich bear witness to the liveliness of adebate on some current question : co-education, the plan of the new chapel donatedby. John D. Rockefeller (subject to muchcriticism), University expansion and itseffect on the faculty, feminism, Americanism,and so on. Nothing could be more strikingthan the passionate interest the studentstake in the University.I recall a meeting at my dormitorywhere the President of the AdministrativeCouncil had taken the trouble to comein person in order to discuss — between anapple and a cigar, and in all friendliness— the matter of apportioning money fromnewly received funds. I can still hear the vehement objections of one of the students, alittle bit exasperated, perhaps, and I stillsee the attentive and concerned, thoughdisapproving, face of the University official.More than ever I felt the power of an institution which tolerates and endures suchcriticism, which, having such a lively interest in young people, attributes to them somuch importance. A child in the home, awoman in cultivated society, young peoplein affairs of any description, have alwaysseemed to me to be on the same level andto enjoy a rather exaggerated amount ofattention, showing how audaciously we relyon the future, and how much we expect ofthe generation to come.At home once more, after these reflectionswhich were set in motion by the sound ofdebating at Ida Noyes, I run through allthe booklets I have preserved as souvenirsTEN MONTHS WITHOUT GANGSTERS 73of my period of exploration, all those extensive "announcements," library guides, departmental handbooks, schedules of courses,programs of social events ... I glance atthe wall calendar which records the life ofthe University from week to week, andalone in my room I sense the pulse of thatformidable life. Above all the special activities which unite the students in so manyparticular interests and have become apparent to me even in one day, is theUniversity's own sovereign collectivity. Between the immense new hospital, open to allthe students, the Information Building,which is the nerve center of the campus,my dormitory, the library, the chapel,classes, the various clubs, and Ida Noyes, inthis compact and narrowly restricted space,ties are created which become bound up withmore delicate and finer ones, with attachments and affinities which are symbolized bysuch an event as Convocation Day. Theacademic procession of professors and candidates for the Doctor's and Master's degrees precedes that of the administrativeofficials in a solemn and rhythmic marchto the chapel, where many ceremonies takeplace. After a prayer and a short addressthe diplomas are presented. Under thevaults — still new — the Alma Mater, takenup by voices old and young, acquires peculiar grandeur and symbolic significance.The University is an American creationand bears the stamp of its origin. A largecommunity divided into smaller compartments that are themselves divided intosmaller compartments and closely coordinated, but so overlapped and interconnectedthat the individual is little more than a number, such it is.Is this as much as to say that the University is a closed circle which does not allow entry to foreigners who are not carefully selected so as to be easily absorbed insmall doses? This is not the case at Chicago, at any rate. The contingent of foreigners is considerable there, and they comefrom all four quarters of the globe. Everyshade of complexion is represented, and thecolor question does not seem to exist.The mixture of races is very noticeable atpublic lectures, at religious services, and at dinners given for the foreigners by theassociated churches of Chicago.Nothing is neglected which might makeof the new arrival a better integrated member of a community which, though variedin origin, is unified by its ideas, its sentiments, and its quite uniform culture. Onecan hardly escape. As soon as you put inappearance the Foreign Students' Service isnotified and Mr. Dickson, President of theInternational Club, sends you a blank tofill out and an invitation to take part in allthe activities of the group. In considerationof one dollar, dinners, receptions, invitations, visits, lectures, concerts, follow oneanother endlessly, and it takes real courageto refuse; reminders come to you again andagain ; you are asked to give reasons for yourabsence; they try to understand your distaste for that sort of thing; and finally youjoin another organization. Once a member, personal contacts increase and all thecosmopolitan elements of Chicago come intoview.Whether it be by means of the "KnowChicago Tours," which take you throughthe city in every direction and introduce youto the Art Institute, the Field Museum ofNatural History, the Stockyards, the YerkesObservatory (directed by our compatrioteVan Biesbroeck), the factories, the greatdepartment stores, the open-air opera atRavinia north of the city, where a colonyof Belgian artists is located; or by meansof visits to Hull House, an internationalfoundation directed by Miss Jane Addams,and tours of the Chinese, Jewish, and Negrosections; or by means of German, Chinese,French, Canadian, "Nights," during whicheach nation puts on a program and does itsbest to impress the others; or by means ofSunday suppers of a simple but cordial character, at which all nationalities includingthe American touch elbows fraternally —everywhere one comes in contact with newelements that may well be sources of personal enrichment and direct information.The Sunday meetings, which begin with alight meal, are continued by an informal talkfor which a visiting professor or a consul iscalled upon, and are filled out by a littleconcert. Afterwards a discussion of the74 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsubject treated by the speaker may take placein the hall adjoining. All members takepart and their diverse mentalities conflictwith curious effect.A little news letter keeps the membersinformed of projected enterprises and ofgoings and comings; furthermore it excitesdiscussion and provides a vehicle for questionnaires on special points that are ofinterest to Americans.In this sea of different nationalities it isdifficult, in spite of the numerous meetings,to connect oneself with all the elementsthat seem interesting. To provide againstthis difficulty little dinners are organizedfor various groups, with new combinationseach time, and they take place in the homesof American families.Each student, finally, is received withsome of his friends at the house of the director, and given any pointers that mayseem necessary for his social guidance.His difficulties as the result of misunderstanding of any sort, as between him andhis professors, for example, are carefullyironed out.From this glimpse of the social machineryof an American university several lessonsmay be drawn.For a European and a Belgian the university is a collection of buildings in which,at the hours fixed by a schedule, a certainnumber of students from all parts of thecountry come together, and from which,when their courses have been passed, theyhasten to their homes and their occupations.The prestige of a university of this sortinfluences only a small number of the peoplewho frequent it. It is above all a centerfor research men who concern themselvesvery little with the practical life of theirtime and maintain rather tenuous connections with the outside world. The students'attachment to their Alma Mater involvesonly a rather platonic respect for the knowledge and ability of the more prominentpersonalities. From the intellectual andmaterial points of view the institution is merely a necessary stage in a journey, whichis soon traversed.Hence, no doubt, the extraordinary individualism of European intellectuals, butalso the immediate oblivion to which theyconsign an institution which has been nothing more to them than an obligatory performance on the way to more lucrative occupations.In the United States, if I have obtaineda real understanding of university life, itsobject is quite as much a social as an intellectual one. What must be done is to introduce the student to different forms ofcurrent activity and prepare him to earnhis living. The importance of the materialside in this connection explains the practicalcharacter of the instruction and the closerelations which exist between the campusand the outside world.As a result the University's prestige increases among the positively minded, and thememories of a communal life in which ithas controlled all the organizations and preoccupied itself with everything that concerned the student's health, morals, and future, count for much in preserving collegespirit and a feeling of responsibility amongthe alumni. All these bonds of affectionkeep the student attached to his Alma Materto such an extent that she takes over manyfunctions that are fulfilled by the familyin Belgium, assuming the position of an oldaunt, so to speak, who is much concernedfor her nephews and is treated accordinglyby the graduates who have become wealthy.Buildings, endowed chairs, library gifts . . .nothing is omitted which might provide appropriately for her daily life and increaseher greatness and prosperity.In these times of intellectual bad faith,when the educated fail to speak the truthboldly as they see it, the American universitymay be said to have found what is in manyrespects the formula for uniting the spiritual and the material and for rendering thenation conscious of its duties toward highereducation.in any opinionBy Fred B. MillettAssistant Professor of EnglishTHE young novelist who called on me(and a dozen others) recently toassist him in redeeming a bad checkregarded himself as a touching example ofthe mistreatment of the artist by themachine-age. But instead of rousing me tocommiseration (for my meagre contribution could hardly be considered commiseration), his self -pitying plight led me towonder what motives, alone or in combination, lie behind one of the most curious as itis one of the most characteristic of human activities. For if it is impossible to hold withthe ancient philosopher that man is a thinking animal, it is certain that he is conspicuously the building animal, and that,paradoxically, some of his most laboriousand enduring structures are built of words.Why he should build sand-castles and monoliths of words, is, then, not merely an artistic but a human problem.The "literature" that jams our mailboxes and inundates our news-stands encourages one to believe that the primaryincentive of the writer is the opportunityto make money, and unquestionably one ofthe reasons why all the semi-literate hope towrite is the enormous rewards that themachine-age has bestowed on authorship.But the printing-press has produced, notonly machine literature, but slaves of themachine. And if making money is the majormotive of those who regard writing as abusiness and not as an art or a ritual, thepenalty for this perversion is tremendous, forwriting for money in a democracy meanswriting to please the illiterate, the sentimental, and the undiscriminating, and theauthor who succeeds with such an audiencepays the inevitable price of the loss of hisself-respect and his integrity. But I seriouslydoubt whether the desire to make money plays much part in the psychology of thegenuine artist. If the motive appears atall, it is almost certainly a disguised manifestation of the desire for approbation.Even though one cannot subscribe wholeheartedly to the Adlerian attempt to build acomplete psychology on the human desire forapprobation, a little self-scrutiny will showthat the motive underlies most of one'sactions, and only a little observation of theartist reveals the significance of the motivefor him. For the artist, whether amateuror professional, is profoundly uneasy andunsure until some one, a friend or a publisher, has found delight in his newest creation. There are, to be sure, deeply introverted, strikingly self-sufficient artists whoinsist that they carve or paint or writesonnets with no audience in mind, but a farmore characteristic feature of the artistis his almost child-like craving for approval.The artists who insist that they create forthemselves alone probably mean that theycrave no one's approbation but their own,that is, they multiply themselves to furnishan audience for their own shows. They areat once victim and judge, and, perchance,executioner. For the conscious artist criesout for judgment, even when it is self-inflicted.On a deeper level of scrutiny, it may bedifficult to decide whether the artist createsbecause he is at ease or ill at ease in theworld as he finds it. There are obvious instances, — Poe and Rimbaud and Dostoievsky — where one can be sure that the activity of creation was influenced somehow,even though subtly and unconsciously, bydeep psychic maladjustments. And theartist-type improvident, impecunious, shybut arrogant, socially irresponsible, and politically and philosophically rebellious, un-7576 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEdoubtedly seeks psychic satisfaction in creating a world of which he is more completelymaster than he can ever be of thorny andrefractory reality. Though such compensatory writing is not perhaps likely to be ofthe highest kind, is indeed likely to be unbalanced and uncompromising, literaturewould be immeasurably poorer if madmenand epileptics and sadists had not revealedlife from the point of view of the devouringworm, the adder, and the scorpion.On the other hand, though the calmly andstupidly vegetative are as little likely toproduce art as are turnips or sheep, it seemsequally sure that the sound artistic personality is almost as certain to create delightas distress, beauty as ugliness, happiness asanguish. For the artist is moved deeplyby the desire to capture and hold the evanescent and fleeting beauties of the world andof the heart. Like Goethe's Faust, he criesout upon the beautiful moment to stay, —at least until he may record it in words orpaint or stone. Though the artist may notbe steadily conscious of death gnawing atthe roots of life, he sees man, his powersand glories, his delights and distresses, always under the menace of time. So hewages a perpetual warfare against time, theequal enemy of artist and empire, the dullerof passion's ecstasy and frustration's anguish,the implacable destroyer of tower andcitadel, of pulsing heart and quiveringnerves. There is the beauty that abides,like the beauty of character or mountains,and the beauty that passes, like the flushedsunset-sky or the smile of love. Whetherthe beauty or the agony dies quickly or atlength, the artist bends himself franticallyto capture it, before the memory of thevision, the feeling, the uttermost agony, orthe climax of delight shall have passed. Andto that frantic process of capturing theevanescent, the artist must bring a steadyhand and the perfection of his craftsmanship. For to the depths he feels that only thefinest workmanship, only the most patientand delicate artistry is worthy of the anguish or the beauty, the horror or the delight thathe would make eternal. And, sometimes,to his own and the world's amazement andjoy, he finds that he has wrought betterthan he knew. The world that he hasmade, the beloved that he has wrought instone, transcends actuality, and in suchcreation the artist approximates godhead.And the desire to make the transienteternal, to make the evanescent endure, isassuredly linked up, though almost alwaysunconsciously, with the artist's hunger forimmortality. Even though art may not be,as Freud would have us believe, immediately sexual in origin, I am persuaded thatfor the genuine artist, creative activity is acircuitous expression of the reproductiveimpulse. Like the happily vegetative, theartist may, though often casually and inconsiderately, beget children of flesh andblood, and thus brandish the torch of lifein the face of poverty and pestilence and theoblivion of sterility. But the artist's cherished children are his works, and on themhe wisely stacks his claim to immortality.For human flesh wearies and sickens, andthe noble and the ignoble strain dies out,but a few words, sedulously gathered, patiently polished, and lovingly wrought, comenearer to winning one immortality than adozen heirs. Horace was not vaingloriouswhen he asserted that his verses were moreenduring than brass or marble, and Spenserand Shakespeare were not presumptuous inpromising those they loved immortality ina sonnet. Surest of eternity — as mortalsreckon eternity — is the artist with the gift oflife, the godling with the power to breathelife into the dusty words that becomemiraculously Falstaff or Don Quixote orMr. Pickwick. But whatever the form maybe, lyric or epic, vase or tomb, song orsymphony, the work of the artist is the mostenduring monument, not merely to hisfaulty personality, but to man's power tobuild memorials of ecstasy or despair thatthe tidal wave of time shall not bringlow.NEWS OF THEQUADRANGLESBy John P. Howe, '27A radio broadcast of December 5th on the "News of the Quadrangles"program which JVMAQ carries Saturday mornings at 8:30.TODAY I should like to talk about anevent, an event which throws thespotlight on what I believe to be themost ambitious research project — as it is themost fascinating — yet undertaken by anyeducational institution anywhere. Theevent sounds prosaic enough. At 1 1 o'clockthis morning there will begin the ceremonyof dedication of the new Oriental Institutebuilding on the University campus, and thisafternoon the museum doors will be formally unlocked.The research project which the new building houses — and symbolizes — sounds sobroad as to be almost meaningless. It isthis: to study the early career of mankind.But if you will concede that the properstudy of mankind is man, and that the civilization which man has erected is a properpart of study, then the research projectmarked by today's event becomes very richwith meaning.You have heard of the old Stone Ageand the new Stone Age. You may haveheard of the ancient Neanderthal men andCromagnon men who lived during and evenbefore the Ice Age, men who lived in cavesand trees, ate what they could find from dayto day — sometimes each other — lived rudelyand crudely. You have certainly heard ofthose later men, the ancient Greeks, whosesplendid and complex civilization was inmany respects at least the equal of our own,and the successive civilizations of Rome andEurope.But how many have heard what happenedin the interim between the brutish StoneAge and the sophisticated age of the Greeks,a gap of thousands of years in the writtenstory of civilization, during which therecame the first struggling appearances oforganized society, government and law, writing and literature, mechanical inventionand industry, medicine and pure science, artand architecture, religion and social consciousness, the hallmarks of our civilization ?Not many, probably. Up to a few decadesago there wasn't much you could find inany library about those first and all-important lost chapters in the story of civilization. Some inklings of what was happening you might have gleaned from thefragmentary chronicles of the Old Testament, or from the reports of sporadicexpeditions to the tombs of the EgyptianPharaohs, or the palaces of ancient kings ofwestern Asia.But it has been only during the pastdecade that any institution has had thecourage, the scholarly ability and the financial backing to attempt bridging that greatgap, to go out into the field and to dig upthe story — as a whole — of man's rise fromsavagery. The Oriental Institute, here inChicago, here in the middle west, which hasa history only a few minutes old if you thinkof human civilization as being a year old,is attempting to do nothing less than that.The Institute was organized here at theUniversity in 19 19. Actually, it began inthe mind of a youthful student in Chicagoback in the 8o's. That young man wasJames Henry Breasted, son of a merchantwho owned a State street store before theBig Fire. Somehow young Breasted developed an interest in the study of the Hebrewlanguage, and being an amazingly brightand ambitious young man, who found thatthere was not enough ancient Hebrew lorein existence to satisfy his curiosity, thereupondetermined to dig some up for himself.That ambition is being crowned today.Still young at 66, Professor Breasted, as theDirector of the Oriental Institute, its7778 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcreator and its moving spirit, has at hiscommand the largest and best equippedarchaeological staff in the world, and, as hedreamed, a laboratory for the study of theancients, for digging out a thousand timesthe Hebrew and Egyptian lore he found athis hand as a youth.I suppose it has been a long time sincethe public gave up its pleasant conceptionof the college professor as being some strangekind of unicorn, out of touch with reality,and agreed to regard him as a pretty normalfellow after all. But there is still this onedistinction, I think: the ruling passion ofthe scholar's life is not personal gain butthe ambition to glorify and exploit his work,to bring hundreds of disciples to the taskof exhausting the possibilities of his specialfield of interest, to see justice done to hisprojects. The historian of the thirteenthcentury will tell you, for instance, that thatwas the most exciting century in the world'shistory, as indeed it may have been. Fewscholars live to see the day when the worldlooks through their eyes. But Dr. Breasted,thanks largely to his own industry, and animagination which fires the most matter-of-fact laymen, is having that day today.Back in 1894 Dr. Breasted was appointedto the first chair of Egyptology in the UnitedStates, here at the University of Chicago.In that year he made his first expeditioninto Egypt, along the Nile, to see what othermonuments than those such as the Pyramidscould be found. Incidentally, it washis honeymoon trip. His budget was$500, his equipment a donkey and a pocketcamera.Today the research budget of the OrientalInstitute is $500,000 a year, a thousandtimes the expenditure of 1894, and from hisoffice in the new building near the Midway,Dr. Breasted directs the activities of twelveexpeditions, employing several score of highly trained investigators and several thousandnative diggers, at work on strategic sitesalong a 3,500 mile horseshoe ranging fromthe Upper Nile valley in Egypt, throughAsia Minor, toward the Black Sea and theCaspian and into Persia.Scientists do not agree upon the place oforigin of the human race as a physical species. But they do agree, partly on thebasis of Dr. Breasted's own work, that civilization first arose in that great basin east ofthe Mediterranean, and that it spread intermittently and by devious channels, into Asiaand so into India and China, into Europeand so into America.Perhaps you might say that a great dealof effort and money is being sunk into along-dead subject. But it wouldn't occurto you to think that if ever you heard Dr.Breasted talk about the amazing and veryhuman deeds of those ancients he knows sowell. More important than the sheer interest of the thing, however, is the fact thatwe can never know our civilization, with allits good and bad aspects, we cannot predictits future, except as we know its origins.Listen to Breasted for an hour and you willagree with him that the center of the worldis that dust-blown, desolated area in theNear East, and that this region of ours isa distant outpost of it. You will lose something of the sense of the importance of thepresent in his vivid descriptions of thoseancient cultures and you will find encouragement in his statement that the history ofcivilization is on a rising line. "Humanexperience is too precious to waste," he says.A few years ago, when it became apparentthat the work was at last to become permanent, Dr. Breasted said this: "Henceforward we shall be able for the first time tolook upon the Institute as a permanentagency for meeting this great responsibilityof saving and interpreting to the modernworld the vast body of perishing documentswhich lie scattered far across the distantlands of the East. The disclosures whichthe researches of the Oriental Instituteshould bring to the modern world will contribute to make more clear to all modernmen that imposing vista of the human pastwhich saw the emergence of the highesthuman values, and transformed our fatherMan from savagery in some remote cavern,where at most he could count five by theaid of his fingers, into a godlike creaturewho reached out to the stars on those Babylonian plains and made the first computations which have at length enabled us toplumb the vast deeps of the universe.NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLES 79"It was along with such responses to thevisible world of nature around him thatman in the ancient near east began to lookalso within and first became conscious ofan inner world — a world of new and highervalues, the hardly audible whispers of innerimpulses about to become the imperiousvoice of conscience."It is appalling to behold the pricelessmemorials of man's past rapidly perishingwith every passing year. The monumentsof the ancient east are calling for a newcrusade."The store of buried records and symbolsof the rise of civilization is almost inexhaustible. Yesterday I met the Director ofthe Institute's Hittite expedition, HansHenning von der Osten, and he showedme exhibits taken from a mound calledAlishar Huyuk, in Asia Minor, which contained the relics of not one but 23 cultures,in 23 strata. The director of the Khorsabadexpedition, working near Bagdad on theTigris River, Dr. Edward Chiera, told methat the city which he was excavating wasonly one of hundreds buried on the plain.And he showed me, incidentally, a display of stone tablets, part of a collection inscribedin the ancient Babylonian language, whichrecord the affairs of a single family over60 generations, and he showed me stonerecords of the activities of the first shysterlawyers, and the first usurers, and the firstpre-nuptial marriage contract ....But I cannot describe the exhibits today.There are thousands of them, ranging fromcrude axes of the Stone Age men, foundin strata 100,000 to 500,000 years old, tothe very beautiful paintings and sculptureswhich were wrought by the peoples of thefive great ancient cultures, the Egyptian,the Assyrian, the Assyro-Babylonian, theHittite-Palestinian and the Persian-Moslem,— each of which has a hall in the new Institute building — after the first blooming ofhuman intelligence 2,000 years beforeChrist, four thousand years ago.The museums of the Institute will beopen to the public without charge beginningMonday. If you visit there sometime perhaps you will find out why Dr. Breastedsaid, "These ancient men are my friends.My job is to interpret them to the modernworld."By William V. Morgenstern, '20, J.D. '22Scores of the MonthChicago, 6Chicago, 6Chicago, 13Chicago, 13Chicago, 7^Chicago, 7^Chicago, 0 Indiana, 32Purdue, 14Arkansas, 13Illinois, 6Wisconsin, 12Iowa, oIndiana, 6*30 minute games in Thanksgiving DayCharity Tournament.ili 23£. 2l£. &. £&.VT? 7F Vj7 ^7 71?AMOS ALONZO STAGG'S fortiethh\ anniversary, which threatened to be-*^ -^ so dismal, turned ultimately into asgreat a personal triumph for the "Old Man" as any he has ever known in his years onthe Midway. Crushed in the Yale game,which was the official celebration of hisanniversary, Stagg and his boys fought theirway back in a splendid combination ofcourage and intelligent effort. There wasin the battle against adversity a thrill thatcouldn't have been excelled by a championship. This squad was handicapped in skillbut it had a sustaining courage that shouldmake it one of the memorable Chicagoteams. By the end of the season the Maroonteam was playing first rate football, andit had won, despite its uncertain start, therespect not only of its opponents but of the8o THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpublic at large, which generally isn't muchinterested in anything but unbroken stringsof victories.The improvement did not start immediately after the Yale game, at least noticeably. There was too much to be done bythe "Old Man" in developing his team, buteven a subsequent crushing defeat by Indiana and an indifferent performance againstArkansas failed to take the heart out ofthe players.But even the Indiana game was misleading, for the rout, like that by Yale, came inthe last quarter when the Chicago squad,inferior physically to Indiana, finally collapsed. This Indiana team wasn't like theones of bygone days that older alumni knew ;it had speed, power, and skill, and all thatin lavish quantities. Indiana got two touchdowns in the second quarter, but in thethird period Chicago slashed its way downthe field for a touchdown and had Indianaplainly worried. But that effort wore theMaroon players out ; when Indiana tossedin several fresh backs and had practicallyreplaced its line, Stagg's men were worn outand Indiana got the two touchdowns thatmade the score so one-sided. Even in thisgame, however, there was apparent a decidedimprovement in offense and an air ofcertainty that was lacking against Yale.The next Saturday Purdue, still burningfrom an unexpected defeat by Wisconsin,came up to Chicago with the announceddetermination of administering a beatingthat would be humiliating. And in themeantime, an anonymous correspondent inThe Daily Maroon wrote an open letterin which, as "man to man," he suggestedthat Mr. Stagg take his "C" blanket anddepart. In general, no one paid much attention to this courteous suggestion, but theeffect on the members of his team was veryeffective. Capt. Sam Horwitz took timeout to write an answer to the correspondent,but he and the rest of the team made theirreal answer against Purdue. Using aspecial defense that "Pat" Page had employed successfully to upset the Boilermakerslast year, the team went out with the ideanot of making a respectable showing, but ofdefeating Purdue. And they came very close, despite the tremendous odds. Horwitz, with one arm in a brace, made lifemiserable for the Purdue backs all afternoon, and though he couldn't hold on mostof the time, he knocked the fancy Purduebackfield off stride to enable some one elseto make the tackle. Offensively, Chicagocarried the fight to Purdue all the first half,and scored a touchdown in the secondquarter, despite the fact that Bob Wallace's30-yard run was called back and a 15-yardpenalty assessed for holding. Sahlin, whoperformed sensationally, broke away for 20yards and three plays later scored the touchdown.Fighting bitterly on defense, Chicagotwice checked Purdue marches and wentinto at half time held its 6 to O margin. Inthe second half, Purdue changed its tacticsto meet the Chicago defense, which wasbased on shifting with Purdue. The Boilermakers ran all their plays back to the weakside, and sucessfully went down the field onend runs to score. Almost immediately,Purdue broke Hecker loose for a 55-yardrun for its second touchdown, but after thatthe game was a grim fight, with Chicagoactually the stronger in the final minutes.In view of that performance the tie withArkansas was disappointing, for the teamlet down after gaining a two-touchdownlead. Both Arkansas scores came in thelast quarter. The strenuous fight of theweek before with Purdue undoubtedly tookmuch of the zest out of the Chicago squad.But from then on in, the Maroon teamplayed fine football, and by the end of theseason it retrieved the reputation it had lostin the Yale game. Badly crippled forIllinois, with Toigo, end; Parsons, center,and Stagg, Buzzell, and Zimmer, backs,Chicago clearly outplayed the Illini.Zenner, little substitute center, played aninspired game, beginning that Saturday aseries of performances that made him justas much a regular as Parsons. The kicking,which had been a problem all season, waspoor at the start, and a quick kick by Templewas blocked and recovered for a touchdownright at the start of the game. But thattouchdown meant nothing, for Chicago recovered a fumble in Illinois territory, andATHLETICS 81Sahlin quickly produced a touchdown.Shortly afterward, with Illinois unable togain at all through the line, and gamblingwith passes, Hamberg intercepted a pass andran 35 yards for a touchdown. The restof the way Chicago simply pounded theIllinois line, with Sahlin nursing that touchdown lead and taking no chances. CoachStagg after the game paid Sahlin a rarecompliment, with the remark that "Icouldn't have directed the team with betterjudgment had I been calling the plays myself."The Wisconsin game at Stagg Field wasthe last on the regular schedule. Wisconsinhad a big and powerful team, but Chicagostarted with a rush, scoring the first touchdown after Wien recovered a fumble onthe Wisconsin 19-yard line. Sahlin, thereal "money" player of the team, carriedthe ball over. But poor punting gaveWisconsin an opening, when Birney 's shortpunt went offside on the 30-yard line. Ona "shovel pass" play that Wisconsin apparently had learned from "Fritz" Crisler'sMinnesota team, McGuire ran all the wayfor the score. But Chicago still had a 1point lead, for the try was missed. Shortlyafterward, Wisconsin got its winning touchdown, when Sahlin's hurried punt went offto one side, and McGuire took it on the runfor an unmolested run of 40 yards for atouchdown.The conference framed a series of postseason games for charity, among thema tournament that brought Iowa, Indiana,Illinois and Chicago together on Stagg FieldThanksgiving day in a series of 30-minutegames. Chicago defeated Iowa, 7 to O, onZimmer's brilliant 80-yard runback of apunt for a touchdown. Indiana defeatedIllinois in the other game, on the basis offirst downs, and faced Chicago for thesecond time in the year. The differencebetween the Maroon team of October andthat of late November was clearly apparent.Indiana scored first, when Saluski gotaway for a toiuchdown, but Chicagostopped the Hoosiers all the rest of thetime. In the second fifteen minute "half"of the game, Chicago had first down,on the 2-yard line after a fine offensive display, but Sahlin fumbled the ball andIndiana recovered. Chicago never got thatclose again, but it kept Indiana constantlyon the defensive and made more first downsthan Indiana.The steady improvement in the teammade a marked difference in public attitude.There was complete apathy on the part ofeveryone until after the Purdue game, andthe crowds were smaller than they havebeen since the early years. By the end ofthe season, interest had increased, attendancewas much improved, but more important,there was a spirit of confidence and respectcreated.Don Birney, who came to the universityas a two-year honor scholar from GrandIsland, Neb., was elected captain for 1932.Birney was a substitute back last year, butwon his letter this season. There were ninecandidates nominated by the squad for thecaptaincy, an indication of the lack of outstanding players. Capt. Horwitz wasunanimously selected as the most valuableplayer on the team, an honor to which hewas indisputably entitled. Horwitz wasone of the best linemen in the middle-west,particularly great as a defensive player. Hewas a real captain in his leadership andplayed an important part in rallying theteam for its recovery.Seventeen major letters were awarded:Backs — Donald Birney, Charles Buzzell,Vinson Sahlin, Paul Stagg, Allan Summers,Joseph Temple, Robert Wallace, and PeterZimmer. Ends — Pompeo Toigo, RobertWalsh, and Bernard Wien. Tackles —William Cassels and John Spearing.Guards — Capt. Horwitz and StanleyHamberg. Centers — Keith Parsons andRaymond Zenner. Of this group, Buzzell,Stagg, Temple, Walsh, Wien, Hambergand Horwitz, will be lost by graduation.But at the present moment that illusive"good team next year" seems more likelythat it has been in many seasons. Zennerhas clearly demonstrated that he is a firstrate lineman and undoubtedly will play aregular guard position although he is verylight; William Berg, a sophomore whoplayed two good games when Hamberg andHorwitz were out, ought to be very strong82 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEnext season. Wayne Rapp, who started thisseason as an end, has possibilities at guardalso; Maneikis, the big junior who wasslated to be a lineman this season but brokehis wrist early in September, will be backnext year. Spearing and Cassels learnedrapidly and were competent tackles by mid-season, they both may be great next year,at least on defense. Spearing never playedfootball in high school and in fact did notearn a numeral until last spring; he wasvisibly better in each game this year. Gabel,a good substitute tackle, will be useful in1932, and George Schnur also has developed.Bellstrom and Thomsen will be able todo good work at end next year.The veteran backs returning compose astrong group ; Sahlin ought to be, if he isn'talready, one of the stars of the conferencenext season ; Zimmer is beginning to realizeon his undoubted potentialities ; Summers, amanufactured player with no high schoolexperience, was reliable, particularly on defense this season; Wallace has learned howto use his speed, and Birney, although notbrilliant offensively, is a consistently strongblocker, a steady defensive man, and a fairpunter.The freshmen team averages up betterthan any in recent years and should providesome fine players. The junior Page, whocan do everything well, should be eligiblenext year, and will add punch to the offenseand some badly need punting ability. Thefreshman prospects, briefly summarized, are :Centers — Casper H. Hilton, 188 pounds;Bartlett Peterson, 190 pounds, from LongBeach, Cal.; A. H. Allen, 180 pounds.Guards — Frank Spearing, brother of thetackle, 175 pounds, from Milwaukee;Joseph H. Tomie, 178 pounds; E. C.Patterson, 172 pounds, and Robert J.Lindahl, 180 pounds. Tackles — John R.Womer, 179 pounds, Oak Park; CharlesRobey, 163 pounds. Ends — William Voor-hees, 174 pounds, from Long Beach;Barton Smith, 173 pounds, from LongBeach; Robert J. Keenan, 174 pounds, fromLindblom high, Chicago; John L. Baker,160 pounds, also from Lindblom. Quarterbacks — Merritt M. Lovett, 163 pounds,from Oak Park. Halfbacks — Frank N. Chorvat, 164 pounds, Lindblom; ThomasFlinn, 144 pounds; Maurice Gordon Clark,,son of Gordon Clark, 166 pounds. Fullback — Cecil L. Storey, 187, from LongBeach.It is going to be hard to keep Storey offthe team; he backs up the line beautifully,is a hard blocker, and is fast in gettingaway when he carries the ball. He rippedthe varsity line to shreds the week beforethe Wisconsin game from 3^ yards back,and did much more execution than Schnellerof the Badgers, whom he was impersonating.Voorhees and Smith are first class ends,with speed, ability to catch passes, and football sense. Peterson ought to weigh 195next year and will probably be a first stringtackle. Hilton, short and heavy, will giveParsons competition at center. Womer isa 17 year old youngster who was a star atOak Park and plays with vehemence. Thisenthusiasm could go on and on — but ifineligibilities are avoided, that 1932 Chicagoteam will be something to look at. Thereare, in addition to those already named,several men who have ability, but who didnot play much for one reason or another —mostly the necessity of working. Schollen-berger, who was on the Dartmouth freshmen, a good quarterback; Powers, also aquarter; Turley, a fullback; Wolfenson, a185 pound guard; Claude Hazen, a fast,215 pound tackle; Tuttle, a tackle, areamong this group.* * * ^ *The basketball team will be in actionbefore this magazine comes off the press,the first game being with Bradley on December 12. Coach Norgren has lost Capt-Marshall Fish, his outstanding all-aroundplayer ; Sidney Yates, forward ; ArthurCahill, forward and center; and perhapsFraider, guard, who is close to graduating,as his accounts total up in the Recorder'sOffice. Returning are Capt. Harry Ashley,guard ; Keith Parsons, center ; Paul Stephenson, and Scott Rexinger, forwards, of thelettermen ; Marshall Dzuibaniuk, forward,and James Porter, guard, are outstandingreserve men who are back. Bernard Wien,forward; and George Mahoney, guard, are(Continued on page gi)THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 83TRAVEL SERVICES FOR ALUMNIConvenient and Enjoyable Travel Assured by the Appointing of the American Express Companyas the Official Travel Bureau of the Intercollegiate Alumni Extension ServiceyOUR CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS AND YOUR WINTER VACATIONA delightful Christmas gift to yourself, your familyor your friends — one that offers recreation, rest,pleasure, health — precious things — all in a tripaWay from sulky winter weather, to sunny placesand lands enchantingly foreign, and yet near enoughfor a short trip ! The West Indies . . . Bermuda . . .Mexico . . . and others . . . your Christmas holidayswill be different and unforgettable this year !Choose the trip for you from among these variousattractive travel suggestions :CHRISTMAS VACATION TRIPSTo the West Indies MinimumSailing Dec. 25— "CONTE GRANDE" Cost12-day Christmas Cruise. Returns Jan. 4 $175.00Sailing Dec. 19— "FRANCONIA"— 16-day Cruise. Returns Jan. 5 $175.00(Prices are minimum, less shore excursions)To MexicoDec. 15 and 29 — 15-day Escorted tour-cruise to Mexico and New Orleans, leaving Chicago and St. Louis (can be joinedfrom your town, prices quoted on request). From Chicago $383.00Dec. 15 and 29 — 16-day Escorted tour-cruise to Mexico, Havana and Florida.From Chicago $434.00Dec. 16 and 30 — 17-day Escorted tour toMexico City, leaving from San Antonio,returning to Tucson ; an opportunity forpeople traveling to California to visitMexico en route. From San Antonio . . $346.00(Mexico and Central- America Tour-Cruises will leave every two weeksthroughout the winter, up to and including March 22.)TO BERMUDA — All-expense trips ofvarying durations; five sailings weeklythroughout the winter. 5-day trips from $76.00To FLORIDA —-Special 10-day escortedtrain tour leaving Cincinnati on Dec. 26.Rate from Cincinnati, $110 ; from Chicago $118.00(Same tour also leaving Jan. 23 and Feb. 20) Longer Cruises"MARIPOSA" South Seas and OrientalCruise — maiden voyage — sails Jan. 16from New York, returns April 28 toSan Francisco ; from New York . . . $1500.00"ROTTERDAM" Mediterraneon Cruise— comprehensive itinerary ; leaves NewYork Feb. 6, returns April 16 ; 70 days $900.00"SANTA BARBARA" and "SOUTHERN CROSS" Cruise-Tour aroundSouth America ; leaves New York Feb.13, returns April 26 ; 72 days .... $1695.00EUROPE! NEXT SUMMER(Educational Tours — Sailings Late June andEarly July 1932. Duration 2 Months.)1. Music Lovers Tour . . . Educational Director,Prof. Earl V. Moore, University of Michigan.2. Contemporary Educational Tour . . . EducationalDirector, Dr. Thos. Alexander, Teachers College, Columbia University.3. Social Conditions and Problems Tour . . . Educational Director, Prof. Taylor, Teachers College, Columbia University.4. Agricultural Tour . . . Educational Director, Dr.C. E. Ladd, Associate Dean of Agriculture,Cornell University.5. Industrial Tour . . . Educational Director, Prof.N. C. Miller, Rutgers University.6. Architectural Tour . . . Educational Director,Prof. W. W. Campbell, University of Pennsylvania.7. Art Tour . . . Educational Director, Prof. Chas.Richards, Oberlin College.8. Psychological Residential Study Tour . . . Educational Director, Prof. H. M. Beaumont, University of Kentucky.9. Anthropological Tour (to New Mexico) . . .Educational Director, Prof. P. H. Nesbitt, Curator, Logan Museum, Beloit College.(Write in for complete information and itineraries)WEST INDIES CruisesJan. 12 "AUGUSTUS"Jan. 23 "AUGUSTUS"Jan. 23 "CALIFORNIA"Feb. 6 "FRANCE" . .Feb. 20 "FRANCE" . .Feb. 20 "KUNGSHOLM"Mar. 12 "KUNGSHOLM"Mar. 25 "VULCANIA" . 10 days16 days18 days11 days18 days18 days18 days17 days FromNew York$185.00237.00195.00175.00235.00210.00210.00215.00-FILL IN THE COUPON AND MAIL TO "AXEMTOURS" of EUROPE-Means : Escortedtours under American Express management, at exceedingly attractive rates. Tours vary from a 25-day trip for $278, to an 86-day tour costing $941."TRAVAMEX" Tours of EUROPE-A new ideafor economical travel at about $9 a day while inEurope. Ten itineraries to choose from--durationsfrom 15 to 35 days, while in Europe.Earliest Bookings — Best AccommodationsADDRESS MOST CONVENIENT TO YOU. —American Express Intercollegiate Travel Extension Service, 65 Broadway, New YorkAmerican Express Co, 70 East Randolph St., Chicago, 111. 8Gentlemen : I am interested in the trip checked. Please send me information and literature.D West Indies Cruise ? South America Cruise? Mexico Tour-Cruise ? Florida, Bermuda . ... D "MARIPOSA" Cruise ? Educational Tours to Europe D Mediterranean Cruise ? "AMEXTOURS" to Europe ? "TRAVAMEX" Tours to Europe . - TRAVELERS CHEQUES , TRAVEL SERVICE'^ame Address «« and everywhereNEWS OF THE CLASSESAND ASSOCIATIONSCollegeNew Yorkers to HonorNat PefferNathaniel Peffer, newspaper man and worldtraveler, will be honored at a dinner to be givenfor him on January 7th, in New York, by members of the University of Chicago Alumni Clubthere.Mr. Peffer, after graduating at Chicago,served as a newspaper man on the ChicagoEvening Post and Chicago Herald until 19 14,when he spent some time in Honolulu, subsequently going to China. Since then he hasspent many years studing conditions in China,and is a real authority on that country. He isthe author of "The White Man's Dilemma" anda recent book entitled, "China, the Collapse of aCivilization." At the present time, among hisactivities, he is giving a lecture course at Columbia on the Far East.The group of alumni who are arranging thedinner are LeRoy Campbell, Harry S. Gorgas,Livingston Hall, George Leisure, James Nicely,Lawrence J. MacGregor and Ernest Quantrell.It will be held at the Metropolitan Club, FifthAvenue and 60th Street, New York, at seveno'clock. Any alumnus desiring to attend canget further details by corresponding with amember of the Committee. This is the fourthannual dinner given by a group of Chicago menfor a prominent alumnus.James Summers, 683 East Madison Street,Portland, Oregon, has retired from business.Mrs. C. M. Beard (Caroline Maddocks, A.M.)has retired from the staff of the Chicago Tribune, where she has been known for years tomany readers as Jane Eddingtpn, the editorof the Tribune Cook Book *** John F. Voigt,has recently been elected President of the Federation of Local Bar Associations of the SeventhSupreme Judicial District comprising Cook, Du-Page, Kankakee, Lake and Will counties. Mr.Voigt has a daughter Marian Edna Voigt whois now a Freshman at the University.Mrs. William J. Weber (Pearl Louise Hunter,A.M. '21) teaches philosophy and psychologyat the Municipal University of Omaha. 1902Albert Eli Merrill is vice-president and general manager of the Russ Manufacturing Company of Cleveland.1903Mrs. E. Dean Ellenwood spent July and August in Europe, studying at Sherwood Eddy'sAmerican Seminar. She was particularly interested in the Institute of International Relations at Geneva, which she attended in thecourse of her travels through the capitals ofEurope, where she heard many authoritieslecture on religion, economics, sociology andpolitics. *** Rev. Louis Rich visited in Torontothis spring, writing an article for the TorontoGlobe, comparing that city with Chicago.1906Mrs. Morris L. Horner (Mary Margaret Lee)is staying at Lausanne, Switzerland, while herdaughters, Blanche and Marcia, attend LeManoir school there. Mrs. Horner reportsmeeting with Cyrus L. Garnett, also '06, and hisfamily; two of his daughters are in school atLausanne. Another reunion took place whenMrs Horner met Mrs. Bradshaw (Helen Freeman, '05). Mrs. Bradshaw is spending the yearin Germany while her son, a professor at theUniversity of Michigan, does some special workin mathematics at Freiburg. *** Anna Jean Gib-ney is with the Spanish Department at CentralHigh School, St. Louis.1907Adolph G. Pierrot is manager of the Individual Cumulative Trust Department of theBills Corporation, 208 S. LaSalle St. Mr. Pierrot was secretary of the Alumni Council up to1926. *** Captain R. T. W. Duke, ex, and Mrs.Duke, '07, are stationed at Schofield Barracks,Hawaiian Islands, for the next two years. ***Albert Stenmo, ex, is farming his 480 acres inNorth Dakota, near Hatton.Mrs. Katherine Roberts (Katherine ElizabethForster, A.M. 'n) is dean of women at JuniataCollege, Huntingdon, Penna.1910Marie Georgetta Merrill is supervisor of community centers for the Chicago Board of Education. *** Francesco Ventresca, Ph.M. 'u»teaches Spanish, German and Italian at CraneJunior College, Chicago.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 85t? .> V .1 A Hr** ^*J£_^3 r 1M i^-4||ELECTRICITYputs the news on the streetbefore the fans leave the arenaAS THE fight ends and final reports flash in, thef\ last newspaper plate is made up and locked onthe press cylinder. With the tiny click of a pushbutton, the snap of contactors, the whir of motors,the roar of press units, the fight edition goes to press.Each unit automatically controlled and perfectly synchronized with Selsyn elements — each sectionarrives at the folder at the correct instant. Sixtythousand papers an hour. To-day the dead-line ispostponed — the news is red hot. The fight news ison the street before the crowd leaves the arena.Since its beginning, the electrical industryhas worked hand in hand with the newspaper industry. To-day,the high-speed, newspaper press, with maximum outputs of 50,000 and 60,000 papers per hour, owesno small portion of its success to electricity and theskill of General Electric engineers.For the last 30 years, college graduates in the employ of the General Electric Testing Departmenthave played an important part in the developmentof newspaper equipment. Here they gain experience which enables them to apply electricity tothe advancement of this and countless other industries.95-897EGENERALWELECTRICSALES AND ENGINEERING SERVICE IN PRINCIPAL CITIES%6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1912Ruth Russell is the author of Lake Front, a1931 publication of Thomas F. Rockwell Company. Robert Morss Lovett says of it, "Placeand Time are the twin heroes of this novel.The Place is Chicago, where Time, measuredby achievement, moves with an accelerated speedunequaled since the world began . . . It(Chicago) is a great city and deserves a bignovel. In Lake Front . . . Miss Russell hasmade excellent use of her great opportunity anda stout bid toward its fulfillment." HowardVincent O'Brien, literary editor of the ChicagoDaily News calls the book a prose poem. ***Edna L. Sterling taught at the summer sessionof the University of Oregon. During the schoolyear Miss Sterling is head of the English department at Lincoln High School in Seattle. ***George A. Deveneau, formerly Personnel Director of the Reuben H. Donnelley Corporation,is now in charge of the market research divisionof the Elgin Watch Company.1914Aruba B. Charlton is teaching in Warrens-burg, Missouri. *** John C. Werner, A.M., directs teacher training at Albion State Normal,Idaho. *** Eva Griswold teaches English inEnglewood High School, Chicago.1916Dr. Albert R. Mann, A.M., was promoted tothe office of Provost of Cornell University thisyear. He has been head of the College ofAgriculture for fifteen years and dean of theCollege of Home Economics since 1925. Commissioned in 1924 to conduct an investigationof agricultural education in Europe, he receiveddecorations from Czechoslovakia, Finland, andBelgium. *** Thomas Alexander Evans, ex, isalumni secretary at Baker University, Baldwin,Kansas. *** Elmer B. Brown, A. M., is associateprofessor of education at the state teachers college at Warrensburg, Mo. *** The Rev. SamuelRagland has retired from the active ministry andis living at 1366 Park St., Bowling Green, Ky.,where he will be delighted to see friends.1917Rose Nath Desser of Los Angeles is "still onthe job as mother of two husky young sons whoI hope will attend the University of Chicago."*** Marguerite Orndorff studied at Cambridgethis summer, returning to teach in the elementaryschools of Indianapolis. Miss Orndorff is president of the Grade Teachers' Association of hercity.1918Miriam E. Lowenberg is in charge of childnutrition at the nursery school at Iowa Statecollege where she is teaching. *** Lillian Evansis librarian at Juniata College, Huntingdon, Pa.*** Mary Louise Strong heads the English and history departments in the junior and seniorhigh schools of Washington, D. C.1919W. S. Allen, ex, is Dean and Acting Presidentof Baylor University. He was appointed to thisoffice upon the death of President Brooks. ***Flora Ethel Maddux, A.M. '25, teaches Latinin Westminster College at Salt Lake City.1921Coleman Clark is western and Chicago Districtpingpong champion in his lighter moments, andhis business career is devoted to the sales department of A. C. Allyn and Co., 100 W. Monroe,Chicago. *** Alexander Monto, A.M. '25, isdivision superintendent of schools for MountainProvince, Philippine Islands. *** Ruth C. Mos-ser is assistant professor of English at the statecollege of agriculture at Brookings, South Dakota. *** Mrs. Ethel Brown, A.M. '26, is supervisor of the primary work in the schools ofSchenectady, N. Y. **.* Richard S. Strauss wasinjured in an automobile accident in December,1930, and has been inactive ever since, but hopesto be able to get about in a few months.1922J. Forrest Crawford is now in Syria, with theNear East Foundation. Mr. Crawford will direct the rural extension program of the Foundation, whose object is to lift the living level ofthe rural peoples of that part of the world.The program of education includes Greece, Albania, Bulgaria and Palestine. *** M. A. G.Crafts is engaged in physics research at Cornell.1923Elizabeth Kneipple Van Deusen, since leavingthe University, has been engaged in literarywork, having written four books and many articles, stories and poems. Most of her workhas been inspired by the "isle of enchantment,"Porto Rico, where she has made her home. Herlatest book, written in collaboration with herhusband, Richard J. Van Deusen, is a 342 pagevolume of history and description of the island,entitled, Porto Rico, A Caribbean Isle. Otherbooks of Mrs. Van Deusen's, Stories of PortoRico, Tales of Borinquen, and Picturesque PortoRico have proved so popular with the islandersthat the Porto Rican public schools have adoptedthem as text books in reading classes. *** Marguerite Maddox, ex, is in England this year,teaching at Durham Girls' School, — an exchangewith Miss Winifred Dodds, who is taking herplace on the faculty of Flint Junior College. ***R. C. T. Jacobs divides his time between theAlamo and the Thomas Hassell high schools inDallas, Tex. He is district principal, withjurisdiction over both. *** Amy Waller McClelland, A.M. '24, is on the faculty of theCollege of Architecture, University of SouthernCalifornia. *** J. H. George, A.M. '26, is headNEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 87of the department of astronomy and geology atBay City Junior College, Bay City, Michigan.*** Ethel M. Woolhiser and Mrs. Helen Messenger A.M. '25, were co-authors of a book, BasicProcedures in Guiding Learning, which came outiast year. Miss Woolhiser and Mrs. Messengerare both associate professors of education at thestate teachers' college at Dekalb, 111. *** FranklinD. Scott, A.M. '25, has been abroad, studyingon a fellowship from the American-ScandinavianFoundation. *** Mrs. Ezra Pike Rounds (Mel-vina Scoville) spent the summer in Chicago,doing graduate work at Northwestern School ofSpeech. *** Cora Eibling teaches mathematicsand sciences at the Iberia, Ohio, High School.*** Caroline V. Crouch, A.M. '24, is at Roosevelt High School, Chicago, teaching history.1925Howard C. Amick is manager of the SiouxCity, Iowa, exchange of the Northwestern BellTelephone Company. *** D. B. Yerington, A.M.,is school psychiatrist in Sioux City, Iowa. ***Sister Mary Callista Convey is doing office workin Mercy Hospital, Chicago, while convalescing.*** S. G. Gilbertson, A.M., is superintendent ofschools in Breckenridge, Minn. *** H. M. Hamlin, ex, is associate professor of education atIowa State College. *** Esther McCoy hastaught English at the Detroit high school ofcommerce for six years. *** Brooks D. Drain,M.S., is doing research work at the Universityof Tennessee experiment station. *** KathrynA. McHenry is chief dietitian at the EdwardHines Jr. Hospital.1926Ora L. Brown is with the Harris Trust andSavings Bank of Chicago. *** Madge Woodward, now Mrs. Ernest Soloman, lives at 1861Brightwood, East Cleveland. *** William Weibe,A.M., teaches history at Marshall High School,Chicago. *** Lillian E. Rickert is with thejunior high school at Waterloo, Iowa. ***Charles Harrison Dwight, S.M., received hisdoctor's degree in physics from the University ofCincinnati in June, and was honored by electionto membership in Sigma Xi. *** S. WilhelminaMonto, A.M. '28, is principal of Baguio normaland high school at Baguio, Mountain Province,P. I. *** Winifred Johnson is professor of historyat southeastern Missouri State Teachers' Collegeat Cape Girardeau. *** George P. Snyder, A.M.,is leaving Monmouth, Illinois, to assume thepastorate of the East Market Street Church ofAkron, Ohio. *** Maude Smith is teaching English in Laurel High School, Laurel, Miss.1927John A. Posus sends greetings from Paristo Alumni and to the Magazine, for which theMagazine now makes its bow and offers thanks.*** Vera Lighthall, A.M., is acting head of theEnglish department at Northern State Teachers The AMERICAN Biblehas a new beauty — "a surprising new charm ... a fresher,lighter grace."The AMERICAN Biblewill give you new understanding — it conveys "both thethought and the mood whichthe original conveyed to itsfirst readers.The AMERICAN Biblewill give you new enjoyment¦ — it is "a joy andan enlightenment to the discriminatingreader."The AMERICAN Bibleis translated by J. M. P. Smithand Edgar J. Goodspeed —has2,060 pages for only $3. 50in cloth; $5.00 in leather.At All BookstoresThe University of Chicago Press88 THE UNIVERSITY OFThere Is 3\(o<^htagicl• • • • If a wave of a wandcould convert a steer on thewestern range into steaks forNew York, roasts for Chicago,liver for New Orleans and ahide for an Ohio tannery• • • • if another wave couldput dozens of beef by-productsinto merchantable form• • • • if a third wave couldput the price of a steer intothe grower's pocket —There would be no need forSwift & Company or any othernational marketing organization.But there is no magic in business.TIVESTOCK, poultry, butter and eggs-" have to be selected, prepared inattractive form for sale to consumersand oftentimes shipped thousands ofmiles.Swift 8b Company performs theseservices without hocus-pocus. It offersthe facilities of more than forty packing plants and over one hundrediproduceplants as well as its large national salesorganization. At each point it payscash for all it buys. To retailers everywhere it offers the highest quality ofmeats in Swift's Branded Beef andLamb, Brookfield Butter and Eggs andother products. It sells, as it buys, ona scale truly national.All that Swift 85 Company claims isthat it bridges the gap between millions of producers and millions of consumers without waste; that it furnishesagriculture a ready cash market at alltimes; and that its charges for theseservices are as low as possible. Profitsaverage less than a cent and a half ona dollar of sales.Swift & CompanyPurveyors of fine foods CHICAGO MAGAZINECollege, Aberdeen, S. Dak. *** Beatrice V.Boyer, A.M., is supervisor of elementary gradesat Clarkdale, Ariz. She has taught at ArizonaState Teachers College for the last two summersessions. *** Bertha Baker, A.M., is teachingFrench at Flint Junior College, Flint, Michigan.*** Harry E. Merritt is superintendent of schoolsat Columbus, Wis. *** Elmer A. Lampe is withthe athletic department of the University ofWisconsin. *** Mrs. D. R. Smock (Florence S.Richardson) is teaching at Parker PracticeSchool this year. In the summer she taught atLewis-Champlin experimental school. *** AlmiraM. D. Martin, A.M. '31, is an instructor at theUniversity of Utah.'*** Mrs. O. H. Eller (LolaB. Stuart) is elementary principal of publicschools in Indianapolis. *** Homer L. Reeves,A.M., teaches science in Washington HighSchool, East Chicago. *** Clare Belle King,A.M., is acting head of the Engish department ofEast Chicago high school. *** A. C. Senour,A.M., is general supervisor of public schools inthe same system. *** James Black, formerly asalesmanager of Franklin MacVeagh & Company, has been appointed Assistant to the President of the United Buyers' Corporation, Chicago,Illinois.1929Joseph L. Eisendrath, Jr., is assistant secretaryof the Waldrath Company, Investment Securities, of Chicago. *** Myrta Abigail Shannonis kindergarten primary supervisor for the north-vwest district of Hartford, Conn. *** ErnaSchroeder sailed for Germany in October, for ayear's study at the University of Bonn, where shehas an exchange fellowship. Her foreign address is Hofgartenstrasse 4, Bonn, Germany. ***H. E. Hinkel has been superintendent of schoolsin Villa Park, 111., for seven years. There arethree other Chicago teachers there, all in thejunior high school; Lin Shoblaski, '31, in science,Helen MacDougall, '30, head of the home economics department, and Ottola Wurmback, '30,head of the mathematics department. *** Marjorie H. Thurston, A.M., is instructor in Englishat the University of Minnesota. *** HelenHarding is teaching in Haven IntermediateSchool in Evanston, 111. *** Reid M. Brooks isa graduate student in botany at the Universityof California. John LaMar Shouse, A.M., isassistant superintendent of schools in KansasCity# *** George K, Fisher, A.M., is principalof the McMillan Township junior-senior highschool at Newberry, Michigan. *** DorothyBernet is living in International House, NewYork, while doing graduate work at Columbia.*** Margaret B. Stavoe is teaching school inPittsburgh. *** Oscar K. Dizmang is teachingat Fenn College, Cleveland, Ohio. Mr. Dizmangwas at Beloit College until this fall. *** P. M.Hauser combines research on the influence ofmotion pictures with the teaching of sociologyat the Central Y. M. C. A. college of Chicago.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS*** Frank D. Moore is a representative of Allynand Bacon, Publishers. *** Martin H. Hayes,who previously was connected with the commercial department of R. Cooper, Jr., Incorporated, Chicago, Illinois, has been appointed tothe staff of the merchandising service departmentof the Chicago Daily News.1930Catherine Scott is the "wife" of the well-known"professor at the breakfast table" who can beheard every Saturday morning at nine, overWMAQ. Nancy Jane Kennedy, '31, plays thepart of the sister-in-law. The two ladies discuss, every Saturday, matters of interest, political-domestic, literary, with the professor, andtheir remarks, humorous and erudite, are wellworth tuning in on. *** Waldo L. Adams, A.M.,is county superintendent of schools for ElkhartCounty, Indiana. *** John Harbourt, A.M., wasone of the speakers at the teachers' convention inDetroit last year. He teaches history at ShakerHeights High School, Cleveland. *** Louis F.Jefferies, M.S. '3t, is professor of chemistry atVirginia Union University. *** Martha LeeSmith, M.S., is professor of mathematics there.*** Charles A. Nebel is associated with theFirecraft Door Company of Chicago. *** Margaret Goodman has been doing dramatic readingover the radio, Station WCHI. *** Rose Resnickis attending the Chicago Normal School. ***Frieda Deitch teaches at Pickard School, Chicago. *** David Xavier Klein is a researchchemist in the Newport Chemical Corporationat Carrollville, Wis. *** Marjorie B. Ireland isteaching elementary school in Peoria, 111. ***Ruth Schornherst, A.M., directed the nature workat Camp Takeda, Georgia, this summer. Thecamp is sponsored by Brenau College. MissSchornherst is with the Florida State Collegefor Women at Tallahassee. *** Dorothea Jackson is with the intermediate department of thedemonstration school of Seattle. *** VirginiaLane is working for a master's degree in law andworking at the University. *** Katherine C.MacLaren teaches sixth grade at WhitefishBay, Wis. *** Virginia Winship is teaching inSouthwestern junior high school at Battle Creek.*** Aaron S. Leven, A.M., is on the attendingstaff at Frances E. Willard Hospital.Rush1863Dr. C. F. Little of Manhattan, Kansas, received a resolution of regard and appreciationfor his service to community and profession fromthe Riley County Medical Society this spring.Dr. Little was the pioneer physician in histerritory, and founded the Riley Medical Societyin 1904. He has been active in his professionfor many years, and although age now preventshim from carrying on his duties, his daughter,Dr. Belle Little, practices in his place. Give HerA Set of U. of C.CommemorativeSpode Plates$15.00 a dozen lo}4 inches in diameterSoft gray in tone Gothic border designTwelve different centers:U. of C. BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis Ave.PaulH. Davis, '11Ralph W. Davis, '16 Herbert I. Markham, Ex. '06Walter M. Giblin, '23Paal RDavte &<9<xMembersNEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGECHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE37 South LaSalle StreetTelephone Franklin 8622CHICAGOUNIVERSITYCOLLEGEThe downtown department of The University of Chicago, 18 S. Michigan Avenue,wishes the Alumni of the University andtheir friends to know that it offersEvening, Late Afternoon and Saturday ClassesTwo-Hour Sessions Once or Twice a WeekCourses Credited Toward University DegreesAutumn, Winter and Spring QuartersThe Winter Quarter begins Jan. 4, 1932Registration period, Dec. 28'Jan. 3.For Information, AddressDean C. F. Huth, University College,University of Chicago, Chicago, 111.9o THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1881W. T. McLean, actively engaged in generalpractice at Maroa, 111., was one of those whocame back to a fiftieth class reunion this June.*** Thomas C. Clark, M.D., is surgeon at theMinnesota Soldiers' Home, Minneapolis. ***Louis A. Roller, M. D., has been retired for overten years. He is enjoying his garden and hisbirds and his Club and reports that his health isexcellent.1882W. G. Kemper, M.D., writes that he is"keeping the home fires burning and smilingthrough the months of depression." *** AlfredJ. Abbott is in general practice, with specialattention to eye, ear, nose, and throat, at Albion,Mich. *** Z. E. Funk is general health officerfor Guadalupe County, N. Mexico.1885J. E. Engstad, M.D. '85, though 73 years old,continues to carry on a large consulting andsurgical practice. He was one of the first medical men in his state, and to him goes the honorof having built and operated the first hospitalin North Dakota. *** W. B. Marcusson alternates surgery with traveling. He has just returned from a world tour and contemplatesspending the winter in the South Seas.1886P. H. Stoops is a general practitioner at Ipana,111.1888H. J. Defrees is practicing at Nappanee,Indiana. *** Charles Blim, M.D., has been practicing for forty-three years at Crete, 111.1889Ivan D. Mishoff lives in Milwaukee, and isengaged in general practice. *** W. E. Owen,M. D., is at Cedar Rapids, Iowa.1890J. Allen Patton, M.D., is second vice-presidentand medical director of the Prudential InsuranceCompany of America, at Newark, N. J.1891Alfred S. Burdick is president and generalmanager of the Abbott Laboratories in NorthChicago.1892W. D. Harrell, M.D., is carrying on his general practice in Norris City, Illinois. He writesthat he is very busy, in excellent health, and enjoying his work.1894Mr. and Mrs. Frank E. Weidemann, M.D.,expect to spend the next six or eight monthsin Vienna, where Dr. Weidemann will take special work in diagnosis and gastroenterology,after a brief visit to Russia and the Balkans.*** F. E. Shaykett reports that he has beenpracticing in Brandon, Wis., for thirty-eightyears, and is still enjoying his work more everyday.1895J. W. Lynch, M.D., spent the summer at hiscamp on Lake Winnepesaukee, which he callsCamp Carcasonne. He writes, "this is not inreference to the walled city, but is named afterthe poem in which the old man's one wish was toreach Carcasonne, the place of all delight andloveliness." Dr. Lynch sailed on October 31for France, where he plans to take a motor tripwhich will include a visit to the walled city.*** Willard D. Arnold, M.D., is practicing inSpokane, Wash. *** Benjamin A. Arnold, M. D.,practices medicine and surgery at Freeport, 111.1897Tom R. Crowder, M.D., reports that the Rushclass of 1897 hdd its annual luncheon in June,with 22 members present, thereby continuing atradition unbroken since their 20th reunion. ***Frank F. Fisk is living and practicing in Price,Utah. *** Eugene Robert McMurray has livedin Bartow, Florida for the last twenty-six years.His son is studying medicine at Tulane, and hisdaughter is in nurse's training at Battle Creek.1899John D. Manchester, captain in the medicalcorps of the U. S. Navy, has been transferredfrom duty as senior medical officer, 15th navaldistrict, at Balboa, to the place of senior medicalofficer at the training station at San Diego, Cal.1900G. F. Zerzan, M.D., specializes in physicaltherapy at Holywood, Kansas. *** Wallace F.Grosvenor, M.D., spent the summer at BlackOak Lake, Wis., with his family.1901W. E. Lamerton, M.D., is interested in diagnostic and consultation practice. He is with theEnid Clinic and Enid General Hospital, Minn.*** John C. Pernavitsky, M.D., spent the summer in Minnesota, returning to his practice inCedar Rapids, la., this fall. *** Jacob S. Weber,M.D., is practicing general surgery in Davenport, la.1902Joseph B. Sonnenschein, M.D., is supervisorof the division of social hygiene of the Chicagodepartment of health, and in his practice specializes in the treatment of social diseases. *** J.M. Nicholson is in Peking, where he reports thathe is having a wonderful time, but is appalled bythe poverty everywhere evident. He has takenthousands of feet of moving pictures on his trip.*** Frederick C. Schurmeier is practicing atNEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 9iElgin, 111., and is attending surgeon at Shermanand St. Joseph Hospitals.1903Emmet Keating, who founded the daily clinicfor pay patients at the Norwegian AmericanHospital in 1921, is now doing internal medicineat Belmont Hospital, and conducting a diagnostic conference for physicians every Thursday.Dr. Keating is also chairman of the clinical conferences for physicians at Belmont. *** DavidC. Hilton, M.D., sends this list of activitieswithout editorial comment; General Surgery,chairman section of surgery, Bryan MemorialHospital, attending surgeon, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Consultant in surgery, U. S. V. B. Hospital,Colonel M.C., commanding 110th medical regiment, Nebraska National Guard.1909William A. Parks, '06, M.D., is consultingsurgeon for the B. F. Goodrich Co., and carrieson a general surgical practice as well. ***Everett D. McClellan, M.D., has been an oculistand aurist for the last ten years in Los Angeles.*** A. A. and G. W. Blatherwick, M.D.'s both,are practicing in Santa Barbara, Cal. *** A. S.Granger practices internal medicine in LosAngeles.1911W. W. Peter, M.D., spent the last six monthsin Nanking, China, as technical advisor in theNational Health Administration, by invitationof the Nationalist Government. *** Court R.Stanley, M.D., was made a member of theAmerican College of Surgeons in October.ACCOUNTANTSARTHUR J. GOLDBERG '23Arthur J. Goldberg & Co.Certified Public Accountants100 N. LaSalle St. Central 9590 BAZAARSMarie Gulbransen, '19 ImporterTRAVELER'S BAZAAR1019 Old English Shops. 61st St. at EllisArticles of Adornment for Person, Home, and DenDorchester 5050BIOLOGICAL SUPPLIESPresident, C. Blair Coursen '22General Biological Supply House761-763 East 69th Place, ChicagoDorchester 3700 ATHLETICS(Continued from page 82)other substitutes of last year who are on thesquad. H. O. Page, Jr., if eligible, will bean acquisition as guard, and Evans, a goodplayer from Indiana, are the outstandinghopes from the 193 1 freshman squad atpresent. "Norgie" is experimenting justnow, but the indications are that his menwill again be outclassed in size and techniqueby most of the conference teams. Seasontickets, by the way, are offered at the bargainrate of $7.50 for the four home non-conference games and the six Big Tengames, with the Christmas Interscholastictossed in for extra measure. Tickets forthe conference home games will be at thedepression price of $0.75.*****The Field House is scheduled for completion within a few weeks, and will first beused for the Christmas Week Interscholastic, which opens December 28.*****Chicago's cross country team finishedeighth in the conference meet, with Capt.Alfred Kelly, the first Maroon across theline, in 24th position. Kelly was the solemember of the team to win a major letter.BROKERSFARNUM, WINTER & CO.120 West Adams St. Randolph 8910New York Stock Exchange, Chicago Board of Trade,Chicago Stock ExchangeJames M. Sheldon '03 Paul E. Gardner '13HARRY C. WATTS & CO., Inc.INVESTMENT -:- SECURITIES39 So. LaSalle St. Rand. 7804Harry C. Watts, '1 1 Pres.Ralph W. Stansbury, '14STANSBURY & CO-Investment Securities105 W. Adams St. Cent. 7762ALUMNI PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY92 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1915Lawrence G. Dunlap is eye, ear, nose, andthroat surgeon for the Anaconda Copper MiningCompany.1917John B. Doyle, M.D., has resigned from hisposition in the Section on Neurology, at theMayo Clinic, to take up private practice in hisspecialty at Los Angeles.1918F. A. Butterfield, M.D., is a frequent visitorat Rush, Presbyterian and Cook County Hospitals.1919Otto Vander Velde, M.D., reports his ninemonths old son is "so darn full of vitamins thatit takes the whole family to manage him."1920Mary G. Schroeder is assistant physician atthe state hospital at Elgin. *** Wm. D. McNally,M.D., was called by the defense in the famousMarshall murder trial at Nogales, Ariz., inSeptember. Dr. McNally is assistant professorof toxicology at Rush. *** James J. Swendsonis in the Earl Clinic at St. Paul. Recent members of the American Medical AssociationJournal and Minnesota Medicine have contained articles from his pen.1921Kilbey P. Turrentine, M.D., is at MemorialHospital, Richmond, Virginia.1922Clarence E. Johnson, M.D., is director of thegeneral medical department of the Wilcox andJohnson Clinics at Long Beach, Cal. He is alsoactive on the attending staff of the Los AngelesGeneral Hospital. *** Gordon L. Rosene, M.D.,is instructor in obstetrics at Northwestern University Medical School, attending obstetrician atLutheran Deaconess Hospital and Swedish Covenant, and prenatal clinician at the Infant Welfare Society, Chicago.1923James L. McCartney, '22, M.D., has been appointed psychiatrist with the New York StateDepartment of Correction. *** Harold I. Meyeris on the surgical staff of St. Luke's hospitaland at the research and educational hospital ofthe University of Illinois.1924Clarence E. Reed, M.D., is practicing medicine and surgery in Compton, Calif.1925Guy E. Carlson, M.D., is married and has twodaughters. They live in Berwyn, where Dr.Carlson has a general practice. 1927Edward L. Compere, M.S. '24, M.D., is assistant professor of surgery at the University.1928Arnold L. Lieberman, '24, M.D., is practicingand doing some research work at the Universityin the department of physiology.1929Gilbert J. Rich, M.D., is to be research psychiatrist at the Institute for Juvenile Research.*** J. Allen Wilson, M.D., is with the EarlClinic at St. Paul, Minn., and on the staff of thecity hospital. *** Leland S. Fuller, '25, M.D., hasbeen associated with the Morsman Clinic ofHibbing and Virginia, Minn., but is spendingthis year in study in the post-graduate department of the University of Pennsylvania. *** Barclay E. Noble, A.M. '28, M.D., is practicing inLos Angeles.1930Maurice Edmund Cooper, '25, M.D., is resident physician at the University Hospitals, andis instructor in medicine at the University ofMissouri. *** William S. Hoffman is nationalResearch Council Fellow in Medicine at Rushthis year, working under the direction of Dr.Wilber E. Post. *** Hiram D. Moor, M.D.,professor of bacteriology, is executive assistantto the Dean of the University of Oklahoma Schoolof Medicine. *** M. D. Seevers, Ph.D. '28, M.D.,is assistant professor of pharmacology at theUniversity of Wisconsin. He is an interne at theState of Wisconsin General Hospital. *** PhillipPreiser is practicing at Charleston, W. Va. ***Willie Mary Stephens is interning at SwedishCovenant Hospital. *** Norbert Leckband, M.D.,is physician-in-charge at St. Louis County Hospital No. 2, at Buhl, Minn. *** Merle E. Sweeley,M.D., has returned from Yankton, S. Dak.Clinic, and is practicing in Bellwood, 111. ***Paul H. Reed, M.D., is at Texhoma, Okla.,practicing with special attention to eye, ear,nose and throat.i93iWayne C. Bartlett, M.D., is a fellow in surgeryat the Cleveland Clinic Hospital. *** FranklinS. DuBois, '29, M.D., is acting head of the department of anatomy at the University of Alabama. *** Lawrence A. Sadlek, M.D., has established his office in Chicago Heights. *** JohnS. Wells, Jr., M.D., has been laid up this fallwith a severe hand infection. *** Kenneth M.Sears, M.D., is practicing at Elburn, 111. ***Ernest K. G. Ingebrightson is practicing with theMoorhead Clinic in Minnesota. Between thetime of the completion of his interneship and hisappointment at Moorhead, he was resident physician at the Chicago Municipal Contagious Hospital. *** Howard K. Belnap, M.D., is in generalpractice at Ogden, Utah. *** Preston H. McClelland, M.D., is practicing in Los Angeles,after completing his work at St. Luke's, Chicago.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECHEMICAL ENGINEERS MUSICIANS 93Albert K. Epstein, '12EPSTEIN, REYNOLDS and HARRISConsulting Chemists and Chemical Engineers5 S. Wabash Ave. ChicagoTel. Cent. 4286CLEANERS AND DYERSBIRCK-FELLINGER COMPANYExclusive Cleaners and Dyers of RecognizedAbility, Service and Responsibility200 East Marquette RoadTelephone Wentworth 5380Edwin H. Fellinger '28COALWRIGHT & COMPANY-: COAL :-Main Office 407 So. Dearborn Street, ChicagoKenneth M. Wright '24 Phone Wabash 5028ENGINEERSJudson S. Tyley, '18 Secy.E. H. Ward & Company, Inc.Engineers of Tests60S South Dearborn St.INSURANCEC. F. AXELSON, '07Chartered Life UnderwriterREPRESENTINGThe Northwestern Mutual Life Ins. Co.209 So. LaSalle St. Tel. State 0633ELLSWORTH E. HOFFSTADT '24INSURANCEIn All Its Branches1180 E. 63rd Street Faixfax 7200Fairfax 5353LAUNDRIESR. C. WEINBERG '31ECLIPSE LAUNDRY CO."Artists in Washer aft"Triangle 7500949-957 E. 75th St.LITHOGRAPHINGL. C. MEAD *2i E. J. CHALIFOUX '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset — Printing725 So, LaSalle St. Harrison 3624 Phone Fairfax 73 10RAYMOND A. SMITH, '185 1 30 Kenwood Ave.PIANIST AND ACCOMPANISTArranger STETSON SINGERSMale QuartetteAvailable for Banquets, Clubs, ConcertsRADIOWMAQ, Inc.The Chicago Daily News Broadcasting StationOfficial Radio Station ofThe University of ChicagoREAL ESTATEJ. Alton Lauren, '19J. Alton Lauren and Co.139 N. Clark St. Randolph 2068RUGS AND CARPETSTOBEY FURNITURE CO.200 N. Michigan AvenueOriental RugsDomestic Carpets and RugsEdw. P. Bezazian, '25 State 4300SCHOOLSTHE FAULKNER SCHOOL FOR GIRLSA Day School for Girls of All AgesPrepares Its Graduates for All Collegesand UniversitiesThe College Board Examinations AreGiven at the School4746 Dorchester Ave. Tel. Oakland 1423SEEDS (Wholesale)OSTBERG SEED CO.Wholesale Seeds7301 Woodlawn Ave. Phone Dorchester 0314SIGNSFEDERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYNeon, All Types Electric SignsW. D. Krupke, '19225 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, 111.SPORTING GOODSRAY WHITE, Inc-Athletic EquipmentComplete Golf and Tennis Supplies28 East Jackson Blvd.Harrison 3437 RaY White, '1694 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMarriagesGenevieve M. Edmonds, '15, to Ernest J. Daw-ley, of Monterey, California, at the Disciples'Church, University of Chicago, on October 3,i93i-C. Philip Miller, '18, M.D. '18, to FlorenceLowden, at Oregon, Illinois, October, 193 1.Howard R. Moore, '21, A.M. '23, Ph.D. '24,to Mary Colette Brode, of Cumberland, Md., atChevy Chase, Md., on December 13, 1930. Athome, Cumberland.Michael Greenebaum, '24, to Bertha Heimer-dinger, '30, in Chicago, September, 193 1. Athome, 105 East Delaware Place, Chicago.Helen M. Battin, '25, to Thomas J. McMahon,in Thorndike Hilton Memorial Chapel, August 1,193 1. At home, 3560 Latimore Road, ShakerHeights, Ohio.Gordon F. Ebert, '27, to Evelyn Olson, at theMidland Club, Chicago, October 28, 193 1.D. R. Bartoo, Ph.D. '28, to Ruth NowlinBarnes, at Nashville, Tenn., April 2, 193 1.Justin McCortney O'Brien, '28, to IsabelStewart Ireland, January 24, 1931. Mr. andMrs. O'Brien are living in New York, whereMr. O'Brien is an instructor in French at Columbia.Julia Fay Norwood, '28, to Frederick WilliamHecker, at the First Presbyterian Church, Nashville, Tenn., November 18, 1931. At home afterJanuary 1, 1932, at 1763 Iroquois Ave., Detroit.Jennie Appelbaum, '29, to J. Levine, February,193 1. At home, 1015 Pierce St., San Francisco,California.John T. Fotos, A.M. '29, to Virginia MaryCummings of Milwaukee, July 11, 193 1. Mr.Fotos is an assistant professor of modern languages at Purdue University.Lylina Behrstock, '29, to Sam Harvey, 193 1.At home, 537 Roscoe Ave., Chicago.Geneva Duvall, '29, to William Tuttle, 1931.At home 6714 E. End Ave., Chicago.Alice Nelson Benning, '29, to Charles FrancesDarlington, Jr., of Basle, Switzerland, November3, 1931. Mrs. Darlington was secretary of theChicago Council of Foreign Relations before hermarriage. Mr. Darlington, Harvard, '26, is anofficial of the Bank for International Settlementsat Basle, where they will make their home, uponreturning from Paris.F. A. Chandler, '30, to Barbara A. Kulpa,January 17, 193 1, at Chicago. At home, 5245Montana St., Chicago. Mr. Chandler is withthe BonTon Beverages, Inc., as office managerand accountant.Walter F. Burgess, '30, to Vaughan Purcell,August 3, 1931. At home, 5555 Sheridan Road,Chicago.Berthe Margaret Rittschaf, '31, to Jere Thurmond Dorough, '31, September 3, 1931, atChicago. At home, 6617 Stewart Ave., Chicago.Isabelle W. Hill, ex, to James M. Sheldon, Jr., '31, October 29, 1931, Chicago. At home, 7047Bennet Ave., Chicago.EngagementsPaul Frederick Cressey, Ph.D. '30, to ElizabethWilbur, ex. Miss Wilbur has spent the last yearin China, doing social research work.BirthsTo Albert H. Miller, '17, and Mrs. Miller, ason, Paul Frederick, at La Grange, 111., on July28, 1931.To Alexander Monto, '21, A.M. '25, and Mrs.Monto, '26, A.M. '28, a son, Alexander Valentine,April 30, 193 1.To John Esher Stoll, '21, S.M. '24, M.D. '24,and Mrs. Stoll, a son, John Charles, October 22,i93i.To Frederick Purdum, '23, M.D. '27, and Mrs.Purdum (Carmel Hayes, '24) a son, John Joseph,October 3, 193 1, at East Brady, Pa.To Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Norrell (Wilhelmina Ewen, '28) twin daughters, Elsie Wilmaand Janet Christine, June 6, 193 1, at Boston,Mass. Mr. and Mrs. Norrell are now living at2017 Cranston St., Cranston, R. I.DeathsGeorge W. Rezanka, M.D. '93, August 21,193 1, Chicago.Mary Louise Hannon, '98, June 9, 1931, atChicago. Miss Hannon had been assistant supervisor of music in the Chicago public schools andwas a greatly beloved leader in her profession.Oliver H. Avey, M.D. '01, September 4, 1931,Fayette, Idaho.Jasper Converse Barnes, Ph.D. 'n, September13, 1931, at Cincinnati, Ohio. Dr. Barnes wason his way from the annual meeting of theAmerican Psychological Association in Torontoto his home at Maryville. He was professor ofpsychology and Dean Emeritus at MaryvilleCollege.Otto M. Jeffries, '11, September 12, 1930, atEdmond, Oklahoma.Mrs. Thomas A. Tamlyn (Mildred Thayer,'14), August 18, 193 1, Chicago.Mrs. Archibald L. Lynn (Pauline Pick, ex'15), September, 1931.Henry W. Drucker, J.D. '15, September 17,193 1, Chicago, due to injuries received in anautomobile accident.Lillian Dudley, A.M. '16, in Paris, August7, 193 1. Miss Dudley was head of the department of modern languages at Kansas StateTeachers College, Emporia.Stephen J. Popoff, Ph.D. '18, October 30, 193 1,at the University of Iowa, Iowa City.Frank J. Wyman, Jr., J.D. '28, September 30,193 1, at Portland, Ore. Mr. Wyman was apracticing lawyer at Boise, Idaho.Robert Elin, '29, July 19, 1931.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETRAVEL WAREHOUSE LOCATIONS 95For Reservations, Tickets, All Steamship Linesand Travel OrganizationsLESTER F. BLAIRTravel Service Bureau*— University of Chicago5758 Ellis Ave. Phones Midway 0800 and Plaza 3858 FACTORY AND WAREHOUSELOCATIONS, INC.35 E. Wacker DriveJ. C. Erickson Huntington B. Henry, '06BUSINESS DIRECTORYAUTO SERVICE CEMENT WORK— ContinuedENGLEWOOD 0280CHICAGO AUTO SERVICE COMPANYComplete Auto Service Specializing In All MakesEverything For the Car436 East 63rd Street, ChicagoHartland Garage57th and Cottage GroveSERVICE ALL CARSBatteries - Tires - Gas - Oil - StorageHYDE PARK 6816UNIVERSITY SERVICE STATION5701 Cottage Grove AvenueTEXACO GAS TEXACO ETHYL GASHigh Pressure Greasing by Experienced MenTire Service, Battery Service and Electric RepairingPhone Hyde Park 0103AWNINGSPHONES OAKLAND 0690— 0691— 0692The Old ReliableHYDE PARK AWNING COM Inc.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueCATERERSMARTHA W1NTERLING5034 Cottage Grove Ave.Catering toLuncheons, Dinners, Card Parties, etc.Telephone Kenwood 0249CEMENT WORKEMIL O. HANSELCEMENT CONTRACTORFloors Our Specialty824 Wrightwood Ave. Phone Bittersweet 2259Let Us Do Your Cement WorkC. L. GUNGGOLL COMPANYConcrete Contractors for 30 Years6417 So. Park Ave.Normal 0434 Phones Wentworth 1799 W. J. SCHUMACHER6147 University Ave. Phone Hyde Park 5840Plastering, Mason and Cement Repairs, Expert Chimneyand Boiler Mason Work, Brick and Stone BuildingsCleaned, Pointing, Draft ExpertCLEANERS AND DYERSTHE NEW DREXELCleaners and DyersWe Clean Everything from Gloves to Rugs9X12 Rugs Cleaned on Both Sides, Only $2.004720-22 Cottage Grove Ave.Phone Drexei 0909 - 0910 - 0911 - 0912COAL5900 STEWART 3952AUBURN COAL & MATERIAL CO.COAL- COKE- BUILDING MATERIAL7443 So. Racine Ave. ChicagoALL PHONES ENGLEWOOD 2606Our Yards Cover the Entire CityHeritage Coal CompanyMain Office 101-33 East 63rd StreetCorner Michigan Blvd., ChicagoJ. J. HERITAGE, PresidentCUT STONE HAULINGNELS OLSONCUT STONE HAULING3001 S. Wells Street Victory 0711EMPLOYMENTReliable HELP FurnishedOffice, Technical, Domestic, Factory, Hotel,Restaurant No Charge to EmployerGROVE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE852 E. 63rd St. Phone MID. 3636FLOWERSOberg's Flower ShopFLOWERS WIRED THE WORLD OVERTelephones: Fairfax 3670-36711461-63 East 57th St.96 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHARDWARE935 East 55th StreetPaint — Hardware — Cutlery — ToolsHardware Phone Midway 0008Radios and Expert Radio ServiceRadio Service Phone Midway 0009INSURANCECHILDS & WOODINSURANCE UNDERWRITERSTelephone Us When You Have AnyQuestions About Special Coverage1 75 W. Jackson Blvd. Phone Wabash 1 180LAUNDRYFidelity Morgan Service, Inc"Better Laundry Work"Branch 1015 East 61st StreetPhone Calumet 1906LEXINGTON LAUNDRY1214 East 61st StreetFAIRFAX 0732" For All Fine Laundering "LIGHTINGStudio and Display Rooms Tel. Superior 5381-2Henkel & Best Co.439 North Michigan AvenueDesigners and Manufacturers ofArtistic Lighting FixturesPAINTINGEstablished 1851 Incorporated 1891Geo. D. Milligan CompanyPainting and Decorating Contractors616 S. Wabash Ave. Tel. Har. 0761PLASTERINGMONAHAN BROS., Inc.CONTRACTING PLASTERERS201 North Wells StreetPhone Central 4584RIDINGMidway Riding Academy6037 Drexei AvenueExpert InstructorsBeautiful Bridle Path and Good HorsesUniversity of Chicago Riding HeadquartersMidway 9571 Phone Dorchester 8041 TAILORSPhone Central 6801 8 So. Michigan Avenue, ChicagoAnderson & Christiano^ Inc*TAILORS-Designers and Makers of Smart Riding Clothes for Menand WomenTEACHERS AGENCIESF« "W Teachersisle 28 E. Jackson Blvd.CHICAGOAgencyOur Service is Nation WideTHE YATES-FISHER TEACHERSAGENCYEstablished 1906PAUL YATES, Manager616-620 South Michigan Ave. ChicagoSTORAGEAsk Our AdviceMOVING— PACKING— STORAGE— SHIPPINGThe Murray Warehouse &Van Co.6314 University Ave. Chicago, IllinoisHyde Park 8067 Phones Midway 8067Peterson Storage CompanyStorage - Moving - Packing - ShippingBaggage and Freight to All Stations1011-13 East 55th StreetPhones: Midway 9700-Hyde Park 0452UNDERTAKERSBOYDSTON BROS.Undertakers4227-31 Cottage Grove Avenue Cor. 42nd PlaceTelephones Oakland 0492 and Oakland 0493- SCHNEIDERFUNERAL DIRECTORSFine Chapel with New Pipe OrganSedan Ambulance ServiceTel. Fairfax 2861 6110 Cottage Grove Ave.UPHOLSTERERSHARPER UPHOLSTERINGREFINISHING— REPAIRINGCabinet Work, Antiqueins and LacqueringPhone Radcliffe 641 3