I I * ntJ\ \ *_JPp*' :"p.%.T;:.. t %¦JK#THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO MAGAZINEOL. XXIV NOVEMBER, 1931 NUMBER IUniversity of Chicag Acago / \l I. HiLUMNI headquartersand for 101 other colleges and 21 national Pan -Hellenic sororitiesd 'L.iWVi BrOi:-.PER PERSON$2.00 to $3.50 daily$10.50to$25.00weekly/ separate Floorsfor WOMEN Gun.4 Separate Floors (orMarried Couples10 separate Floorsfor MENRCA RADIO-SPEAKER IN EACH OF THE 1000 ROOMS AT NO EXTRA CHARGEALLERTON HOUSEPHILIP E. COBDEN, Manager ¦ CHICAGO ¦ 701 North Michigan AvenueTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE iPORTRAIT OF A GENTLEMAN HAVING A HECTIC HALF HOURThe conversation has become something of a problemto J. Stillington Dillworth, the uncomfortable-lookinggentleman in the center. For the last ten minutes,names of people and things he realizes he ought toknow (but doesn't) have been hurled back and forthacross him with astonishing deftness. Unable to enterin, he has sought refuge in uneasy silence up to thepresent moment — but now the fiendish dowager on hisright has dragged him pitilessly into the open byasking exactly what he thinks of the respective meritsof Marie Laurencin and Helene Perdriat. . . . Nowthere is nothing left but to go off the deep end andconfess to the cardinal sin of ignorance in mattersthat are new and smart in the realms of Art, Literature and the Theatre. ... Fie on you, J. Stillington!Why don't you read Vanity Fair?2 YEARS OF VANITY FAIR FOR $4.00(that extra year for just one dollar)Vanity Fair, Graybar Building, New York CityI am enclosing $4 for TWO YEARS (24 issues) of Vanity Fair.I am enclosing $3 for ONE YEAR (12 issues) of Vanity Fair.NAME ADDRESS STATE ygp--THE ALUMNI COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITYOF CHICAGOChairman, Henry D. Sulcer, '06Secretary & Editor, Charlton T. Beck, '04The Council for 1931-32 is composed of the following delegates: Term expires1932: Henry D. Sulcer, '06; Elizabeth Faulkner, '85; Herbert P. Zimmermann, '01;Paul H. Davis, 'n; Daniel P. Trude, '02; Mrs. Jessie Heckman Hirschl, 'io; MiltonE. Robinson, '12, J.D. '14; Term expires 1933: Frank McNair, '03; Herbert I. Markham, '05; Renslow P. Sherer, '09; Mrs. Margaret Haass Richards, 'n; John A. Logan,'21 ; Arthur C. Cody, '24. Term expires I934: Harold H. Swift '07, Mrs. MarthaLanders Thompson '03, Helen Norris '07, Chester S. Bell '13, J.D. '15, Donald P.Bean '17, Lyndon H. Lesch '17.From the Association of Doctors of Philosophy, D. Jerome Fisher '17, S.M. '20,Ph.D '22; Ellsworth Faris, Ph.D. '14, Edwin E. Aubrey, A.M. '21, D.B. '22, Ph.D. '26,Elizabeth Koch '14, A.M. '15, Ph.D. '21, Charles A. Shull '05, Ph.D. '15.From the Divinity Alumni Association, Franklin D. Elmer, D.B., '98, J. H. Gagnier'08, D.B. '15, A. R. E. Wyant, D.B. '97.From the Law School Alumni Association, Charles F. McElroy, J.D. '15; CharlesP. Schwartz, '08, J.D. '09; Dwight P. Green, J.D. '12.From the School of Education Alumni Association, Harold A. Anderson, '24, A.M.'26; Paul M. Cook, A.M. '27, Robert C. Woellner, A.M. '24.From the Commerce and Administration Alumni Association, Earle W. English,'26 ; Henry G. Hulbert, '23 ; Dwight M. Cochran, '27.From the Rush Medical College Alumni Association, William A. Thomas, M.D.'16; Clark W. Finnerud, M.D. '18; T. E. Blomberg, M.D. '27.From the Association of the School of Social Service Administration, Agnes VanDriel, Edward A. Conover, A.M. '31; Elsa Reinhardt, '23.From the Chicago Alumni Club, Kenneth Rouse, '28; William C. Gorgas, '19; FrankJ. Madden, '20, J.D. '22.From the Chicago Alumnae Club, Mrs. Portia Carnes Lane, '08; Mrs. Miriam L.Evans, '17; Dr. Marie Ortmayer, '06, M.D. '17.From the University, John F. Moulds, '07.Alumni Associations Represented in the Alumni CouncilThe College Alumni Association: baugh, A.M. '18, Ph. D. '29, UniversityPresident, Henry D. Sulcer, '06, 167 of Chicago; Secretary, S. Lenore John,East Ontario Street, Chicago; Secre- A.M. '27, 6009 Kimbark Avenue,tary, Charlton T. Beck, '04, University Chicago.of Chicago. Commerce and Administration AlumniAssociation of Doctors of Philosophy: Association: President, Earle W.President, Ellsworth Faris, Ph.D. '14, English, '26, 5240 Kenwood Avenue,University of Chicago, Secretary, D. Chicago ; Secretary, Margaret E. Knox,Jerome Fisher '17, S.M. '20, Ph.D. '22, '2g, 6116^ Kimbark Avenue, Chicago.University of Chicago. rush Medical College Alumni Associa-Divinity Alumni Association : President, TI0N: President, Carl B. Davis, '00,J. W. Bailey, D.B. '01, Ph.D. '04, Ber- m.D. '03, 122 South Michigan Avenue,keley Divinity School, Berkeley, Cal. Chicago; Secretary, Charles A. Parker,Secretary-Treasurer^ C. T. Holman, m.D. '91, 7 West Madison Street,D.B. '16, University of Chicago. Chicago.Law School Association: President, Association of the School of SocialCharles P. Schwartz, '08, J.D. '09, 105 Service Administration: President,West Adams Street, Chicago; Secre- Mrs. Edwina Meaney Lewis '26, 1755tary, Charles F. McElroy, J.D. '15, 29 £. 55tn Street, Chicago; Secretary-South. LaSalle Street, Chicago. Treasurer, Ruth Bartlett, '24, 6850 Cran-School of Education Alumni Associa- jon Ave. Chicago.tion: President, Aaron John Brum-All communications should be sent to the Secretary of the proper Association or to the AlumniCouncil, Faculty Exchange, University of Chicago. The dues for membership in any one of theAssociations named above, including subscription to The University of Chicago Magazine, are$2.00 per year. A holder of two or more degrees from the University of Chicago may be a memberof more than one Association; in such instances the dues are divided and shared equally by theAssociations involved.The Magazine is published at 1009 Sloan St., Crawfordsville, Ind., monthly from Novemberto July, inclusive, for The Alumni Council of the University of Chicago, 58th St. and Ellis Ave.,Chicago, 111. The subscription price is $2.00 per year; the price of single copies is 25 cents.Entered as second class matter December 10, 1924, at the Post Office at Crawfordsville, Indiana,under the Act of March 3, 1879.W$t ?Hmbersttj> of Chicago JllagajmeEditor and Business Manager, Charlton T. Beck '04EDITORIAL BOARD: Commerce and Administration Association — Rollin D. He-mens, '21; Divinity Association — C. T. Holman, D.B., '16; Doctors' Association — D. J.Fisher, '17, Ph.D., '22; Law Association — Charles F. McElroy, A.M., '06, J. D., '15;School of Education Association — Lillian Stevenson, '21 ; Rush Medical Association —Morris Fishbein, 'ii, M.D., '12; College— Roland F. Holloway, '20; Allen Heald,'26; Wm. V. Morgenstern '20, J.D., '22; Faculty — Fred B. Millett, Department ofEnglish.Donald P. Bean, '17, Chairmanc HAUNCEYSAMUELBOUCHER,known to his intimates as Sam, is Deanof the College at theUniversity of Chicago, Professor ofAmerican History, amuch sought forspeaker at educationalmeetings, college andhigh school assembliesand alumni gatherings. He plays hiseighteen holes of golfin the seventies andas a dean he shoots asstraight and drives ashard as on the golfcourse. Proud possessor of three degreesfrom the Universityof Michigan, he hasserved on the faculties of Michigan, Washington, Ohio State, Texas and Wisconsin,before coming to Chicago in 1923. Aschairman of the Committee on Reorganization he knows as much about recent developments on the local campus as any memberof the faculty.James Weber Linn has been associatedwith the University — boy and man — sincethe middle nineties. A graduate of the classof '97, he joined the faculty of the Englishdepartment in 1899. For thirty-two yearsChauncey S. Boucher he has taught Englishto undergraduateswho annually crowdthe class-rooms. Heis the author of twonovels, writer oftrenchant essays andeditorials, concocter ofcomic operas, and aninimitable speaker.Each afternoon heconducts a column inthe Chicago DailyTimes, under the caption Linn's Line. Heis known and loved byfifty thousand alumnias "Teddy" Linn.* m *Felix Peeters is aBelgian by birth andeducation. He at-tended the "Ecolesuperieure" at Brussels for two years and the University ofBrussels for four. After considerable travelin Europe he came to America in 1928 andspent the year at the University of Chicagoon a fellowship, working toward his degreeof Doctor of Philosophy in Classics.*****Erling H. Lunde is a graduate of theschool of Commerce and Administration.He has had a long and successful record asa sales engineer, has served as secretary oftrade organizations in the Railway Supplybusiness, and written for the magazines onbusiness and economic subjects.3At the Chapel DoorHere we meet the symbols of the three types of mind, which, working together,build the University. These figures of the Scholar, Administrator and Scientistenrich the west transept entrance.Vol. xxiv No. i®ntbersttp of ChicagojUaga^neNOVEMBER, 193 1The CollegeAddress to the Alumni^ June 13> 1931By Chauncey S. BoucherDean of the CollegeON THE occasion of this annualhome-coming it is appropriate forsome of us, who have been carryingon under the old roof, to give an accountof our stewardship to you, who, though stillinterested members of the family, are nolonger participants in its daily life. I amglad to report to you some of the significant developments in the status of thatpart of the family called the College.During the period when our graduatework was being developed to its preemi-.nent position of leadership, the College wassomewhat neglected. Though a few faculty members were positively hostile to theCollege and regarded it as a step-child, anill-begotten brat and a malodorous nuisance,the majority, though not hostile to the College, finding that there were not enoughavailable resources in men and money necessary to develop strength both in the graduate work and in the College, chose todevelop the former, and wisely so, in myjudgment.During this period of neglect of the College, with little constructive effort devotedto its betterment, the denunciations of afew who urged that it be disowned and putout of the family gave currency to a rumor that the College was to be abandoned; indeed, in some quarters outside the familyit was not known that we even had aCollege.In this connection a story told by DeanSpencer at the recent annual banquet ofthe School of Commerce and Administration is in point. A stranger in the city encountered a native somewhat under theinfluence of the boot-leggers' stock-in-trade."Where is the Second Baptist Church,"asked the stranger. "Dunno," answeredthe native. "Do you mean to say youdon't know where the Second BaptistChurch is?" "Oh hell, man, I don' evenknow where the First Baptist Church is."Ten years ago, when I was a memberof the faculty of another university andwas coming to Chicago to teach in theSummer Quarter, a colleague asked aboutmy program. I told him I was to teachhalf-time in the Graduate School and halfin the College. "Why," said he, "I didn'tknow they had a College."To-day the whole world knows that wehave a College.Under the administration of PresidentBurton the College was given a bath, hadits hair combed, and received a few kind56 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwords. During the Mason administrationmore kind words were spoken and a fewpennies were spent on undergarments whicha due regard for the demands of decencymade imperative ; but at his farewell dinnerPresident Mason said: "I have spokenmuch before Faculty dinners of the undergraduate problem. Most of the supporthas gone to the graduate work; a goodmany of the words have gone to the undergraduate department. I hope it will betreated with the seriousness it deserves . . ."During the Hutchins administration theCollege has been given not merely morekind words; it has been given a completenew outfit of clothing and has been promised sufficient support to enable it to become a member of whom all the family maybe justly proud.Paradoxical as it may seem, I honestlybelieve that the neglect of the College,which, under the then existing circumstances, was a necessary concomitant of thedevelopment of the graduate schools, wasthe best thing that could have happenedfor the College in the end, as recent developments have shown. Now that circumstances have made it possible to give to theCollege the attention it needs, the Collegewill develop farther and faster than couldhave been possible without the invaluableassistance now available in our graduatefaculties. Many of the distinctive featuresof our new College program could not possibly be offered successfully without thecooperation of faculty members who wouldnot be available were it not for our graduate schools.Nothing, not even our new developmentof the College, must ever be allowed tointerfere with the present status and futurestrengthening of our graduate work.Though the College might temporarilyprofit by the diversion of resources from thegraduate schools to the College, such apolicy would, in the end, be disastrous forthe College as well as the graduate schools,because a strong College such as we areinterested in developing can be supportedonly in close cooperation with strong graduate work.That the neglect of the College was notprompted by innate hostility to it has been abundantly proved by the enthusiastic support given to it by a great majority ofthe Faculty when the appropriate time andcircumstances arrived to develop this partof our program. As soon as the necessary enabling legislation for our new College plan was passed by the Faculty — assoon as we were successfully through thepreliminary planning and "talkie" stage —constructive work was actively begun. Thiswork could proceed successfully only withthe enthusiastic and thoughtful cooperationof literally dozens of faculty members. Iwish on this occasion to express publiclymy great appreciation of the whole-heartedand intelligent cooperation of our Faculty inthe immense amount of work which it hasbeen necessary to do in a relatively shorttime in preparation for the inauguration ofour new plan next Autumn. It is my beliefthat no faculty in any institution ever gavemore gracefully, more enthusiastically, moreeffectively, or more unsparingly of theirtime, their energies, and their best efforts,than has our Faculty in the building andlaunching of this new plan. Men andwomen of all ranks, from instructors to fullprofessors and chairmen of departments,have participated in building the plan, andwill participate in its administration andoperation.What is our new College Plan? Howdoes it fit into the present status of College education throughout the country?These questions can be answered satisfactorily only by a brief account of what hasbeen happening in Liberal Arts Collegesduring the last ten years."What's all the shootin' for?" may wellbe the query of one who left college nomore than ten years ago and has read onlya few of the hundreds of articles and dozensof books on numerous phases of highereducation published during the last twoyears. If this current literature were critical merely in the destructive sense, limitedto denunciation of past and current practices, it would be significant only in itsamount as an augury of improvement atsome distant date. This current literature,however, is much more significant than thecarping of a few congenital critics, of whomeach generation has its share, because weTHE COLLEGEhave long since passed through the initialstage of destructive criticism and are welladvanced in a period of change resultingfrom constructive criticism. There havebeen more significant changes wrought inCollege education in the light of testedthought and more clearly defined objectivesin the last five years than in any previousfifty years.What sort of changes? Every sort —running all the way from the p re-collegecounseling of high school students and selective admission, through revisions and newdevelopments in the curriculum, in methodsof instruction, in student guidance and personnel work, and in educational measurements, to educational programs for Alumni.Some of the new departures in LiberalArts education have literally swept acrossthe country and have been adopted in anever increasing number of institutions tothe extent that they are now regarded quitegenerally as an essential part of the programof an up-to-date, not to say progressive,institution. Even more significant is thefact that thoughtful experimentation hasbecome so much the order of the day thatan institution is regarded as being in astage worse than innocuous desuetude if itis not endeavoring -to contribute its shareto the improvement of the educational process.During this period of great activitythroughout the better colleges of thecountry, those of us in administrative positions in our College have endeavored tomake our share of contributions, thoughseriously handicapped at times. Occasionally we seemed to be in the position of theheroine in a play written and staged bya group of children shortly after the Armistice. These children ranged in ages fromtwo to thirteen. In writing and castingthe play it seemed clear that the play shouldbe a war play and that the eldest, a boythirteen and a girl twelve, should be the heroand the heroine, and all the children musthave parts. The dramatic climax of theplay came when the hero returned from thewar and was greeted most affectionately byhis wife, the heroine. After the hero hadnarrated his gruesome and trying experiences, the heroine told of her sacrifices and added "I, too, have not been idle," as shedrew back a curtain and displayed a row ofyoungsters supposedly born while the heroand father was away at war.We, too, in the College, "have not beenidle," though a few Faculty members occasionally questioned the legitimacy of ourprogeny and refused to shower paternaldevotion upon them. But "them days hasgone forever"; a new day has dawned;we have started a new era in the historyof our College, and we have started itunder the most favorable circumstances,not merely with kind words, but with realsupport from both the Administration andthe Faculty.During the last half-dozen years, thanksto the effective cooperation of many Facultymembers, we have received favorable comment from many progressive leaders in otherinstitutions who are aware that in ourCollege :(i) We have greatly improved our admissions program by careful study and thedevelopment of a thoroughly sound policy.(2) We have developed a successfulFreshman Week program.(3) We have developed a successful planfor educational guidance and have madesome worthy beginnings in the field of vocational guidance.(4) We have made significant contributions in the development and use of psychological or aptitude tests, and the Thurstone personality schedule.(5) We have made constructive use ofplacement tests.(6) We have developed a number ofsuccessful orientation or survey courses inseveral departmental and inter-departmental fields.(7) We have improved and enlarged ourhealth service for students and have integrated it with our guidance service.(8) We have made a notable beginningin meeting our obligations to students inregard to living accommodations ; our handsome new residence halls for College students provide not merely a place for boardand room, but also adequate facilities forthe development of wholesome recreational,cultural, social, and moral elements in student life.8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE(9) We have developed in and aroundour beautiful new Chapel an interesting andchallenging program in the religious lifeof the community.(10) We have developed new methodsand techniques in elementary modern foreign language instruction which have attracted widespread attention because of thesignificant results attained.(11) We have experimented successfully with a variety of honor courses forsuperior students.(12) We have almost entirely eliminated the employment of graduate studentassistants in instructorial positions.(13) We have enlisted the interest ofnearly all of our departments in the devotion of particular attention to their introductory work for Freshmen.(14) We have secured a President whohas announced publicly that significantcontributions in undergraduate educationwill receive recognition in the form of promotions in rank and advances in salarycomparable with the same form of recognition given for research productivity at thegraduate level.At the same time that we have made ourcontributions to the improvement of theeducational process we have watched carefully what others have been doing alongsimilar lines and in other directions.Ten years ago, college education beingwhat it was, here and elsewhere, the announcement of a plan such as ours wouldhave been the acme of folly. To-day, college education having come to be what itis, here and elsewhere, our new plan ismerely the next most needed and eminentlylogical step, in the judgment of progressiveeducators throughout the country. In viewof the progress already made in the preparation of students for College and in selectiveadmission, in educational guidance, in courseofferings, and in methods and personnelof instruction, the only fundamental problem left, which needs serious attention before further significant improvements canbe made, is the problem of educational measurements. The most significant phase ofour new plan is in the field of educationalmeasurements.For some time many of us who have studied college education have questionedthe most basic feature of degree requirements as now administered — the course-credit system. We have seen the absurdityof requiring all students to acquire the samenumber of credits by spending the samenumber of hours in the class room, regardless of glaring differences in capacity andin the effectiveness with which they applytheir capacity. If we are to permit andencourage our students to put their attention upon substance rather than forms intheir educational development, we mustfree them from the toils of the credit system,stated in terms of hours or courses, a certain mystic number of which is the sinequa non for a degree.Our high school graduates in many instances are now better educated than weremany college graduates a few decades ago.Our college students are keener, more inquisitive, and more alert intellectually thanwere the undergraduates of two decadesago. College students have become disgusted with being required to play a longseries of little games with this, that, andthe other instructor, the object of each littlegame being to beat the instructor out ofa credit with a mark high enough to becounted as one of the number required fora degree. Their disgust has come fromthe fact that they have been unable to seea reasonable degree of correlation betweensuch a procedure and real educationalachievement. They complain that our traditional system of educational measurementin terms of marks and course credits doesnot discriminate genuine ability and achievement from mere memory and diligence.Students in increasing numbers have justlyprotested : "Don't ask us to be, and don'treward us for being, merely good spongesand parrots; don't tell us everything anddon't do all our thinking for us; give usfewer petty tasks; give us more formidableand more significant objectives and goals;give us helpful guidance and assistance aswe may need it, but give us also more freedom, independence, and responsibility forour own educational development; andmeasure our achievement in a meaningfulmanner."This is significant because every insti-THE COLLEGE 9tution that has accepted any part of sucha challenge has found that the students haveplayed their parts ably and faithfully withprofit to themselves and to society. Butfor any institution to accept the challengein its entirety involves a complete, and notmerely partial, revision of our plan of educational measurements. All that is necessary for an institution to adopt such a program is to gather together the best of thesuccessfully tested developments and thentake the final step — the substitution of thedemonstration of achievement for the bookkeeping system of hours and course credits.Because we are so much the slaves of administrative practices and machinery onceadopted, this step seems a most radical departure. Though the institution first totake such a step may rightly be said to becourageous, the step cannot justly be saidto be dangerously radical in view of theprogress wrought in recent years in collegeeducation, in view of what we know aboutdifferent types of examinations, and in viewof the almost unanimous agreement that thecourse-credit system is the most formidableimpediment in the path of progress in thefield of college education.That inimitable sage and philosopher,Will Rogers, paid tribute to our plan inunerring fashion when he wrote: "TheUniversity of Chicago has come out with aterrible radical idea. They propose tograduate a student as soon as he knowsenough. That shows you that higher education is making progress. It's taken 2,000years to think of such a thing. Heretofore they have made the smart ones staythere four years just to keep the dumb onescompany."Hereafter a student will be detained injunior college status in our College onlyso long as may be necessary to meet theCollege requirements which are stated solelyin terms of certain attainments to be measured by examinations and not at all in termsof time or course credits. These requirements are framed in regard to amount andquality so that the majority of our studentswill require two years for their completion.The senior college requirements for theBachelor's degree in each of the four upperdivisions are framed similarly in terms of achievement rather than time and coursecredits, and will require two years of themajority of our students.With no change in admission requirements we anticipate that an impressive number will be able to earn the Bachelor'sdegree in three years or less. We neitherdesire nor expect to increase the time required of the majority of our students, butto reduce the time required of superior students. We believe that no student shouldbe forced through profitless routine; webelieve that each student at all times shouldbe engaged in work which challenges hiscapacity to the fullest extent. We believethat each student should be permitted tomake progress as rapidly as his interest andcapacity may lead and permit. We areendeavoring to put these beliefs into practice. And, above all, we are endeavoring to give a meaning to college educationand the Bachelor's degree, in terms of realintellectual power, achievement andmastery, which they have not had in anyinstitution under the old time-servingcredit-acquiring procedures.We have said that a student may take theexaminations for completion of the College(junior college) requirements whenever heand his Dean agree that he is prepared todo so, regardless of the number of quartershe has been in residence. As an aid to theattainment of these requirements we offercourses particularly "designed to that end.The most interesting of the new coursesare the four general courses, one in each ofthe four fields of the humanities, the socialsciences, the physical sciences, and the biological sciences. Each is a year-course employing the lecture method, small discussionsections, individual conferences, writtenwork, collateral reading, and laboratorywork in such amounts and ratios as areappropriate to the attainment of the results desired.The amounts of time and intelligenteffort which have been and are still beingdevoted to the preparation of the syllabiand to the details of organization and administration of these courses are nothingshort of astounding; and the results todate are so challengingly significant thatsuccess seems assured. Syllabi for numer-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEous departmental subject courses are alsoin preparation.In the course of two years the majorityof our students will pursue the four general courses and four year-sequences of subject courses. In each of the two yearsthe student's program will include suchcombination of general and subject coursesas may seem best in the light of his pastachievements, his present needs, and hisfuture aims.Time does not permit the presentationof details of the plan on this occasion.These are set forth in a 26-page booklet,The New College Plan, published in April ;a copy may be secured upon request by anyone who is interested.It is my honest belief that no universityhas ever accomplished so much in a singleyear in the development of a constructiveprogram as has the University of Chicagoduring the current academic year, thanks tothe vigorous and effective leadership furnished by President Hutchins. Though somebasic features of our reorganization weredeveloped by many of us in boards and committees during the last four years, othersignificant features have been contributedby the President ; and the actual launching of the plan could not have beenpossible without his courageous leadership.The reaction and responses of the educational world to our announcements aregratifying but awesome: gratifying, because educational leaders in all parts of thecountry have made it clear that they expectthe University of Chicago always to bea courageous and soundly progressive pattern maker and pace setter; awesome, because these leaders have also made it clearthat they expect us to be so eminently successful with our new plan that the patternof college education throughout the countrywill be fundamentally changed and immensely improved. The consequences offailure, not alone for the University of Chicago but for the cause of college educationthroughout the country, would seem to beso fearful that a thought of the possibilityof failure must not be tolerated. We mustand shall succeed !Amos Alonzo StaggBy James Weber Linn, '97,Professor of EnglishT'HIS afternoon Isaw AmosAlonzo Stagg onFifty-Sixth Street. Hewas stepping out of thesturdy old electricwhich has carried himabout the neighborhoodfor a good many yearsnow. I thought, "Ifthat car ever breaksdown, Mr. Stagg is sturdy enough and loyalenough to carry IT about wherever it wantsto go." He will do it, too. That maroon-colored tribute of affection from his boys ofthe "C" will break down long before Mr.Stagg does.I read in the papers that this is his fortieth season as a football coach at the Universityof Chicago. Will that record ever beequalled by any other coach? The answeris no. Perceiving me as he stepped nimblydown from the car, he approached, andstabbed me in the chest with a strong forefinger."This week," he said, "do you know whoplays on that field yonder? 'De Yales.' "Yes, "de Yales" were to play on StaggField ; and the president of Yale and theformer president of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the president of the University ofChicago, and thousands of Yale alumni,were all to gather the evening before tohonor the sturdy, nimble, gray-haired gentleman who had done more to make footballwhat he so firmly believes it to be. a schoolAMOS ALONZO STAGG iiof character, than any other one man.There was a twinkle in his often worriedeyes."Got your speech ready, Lon?"The twinkle disappeared. "I haven'thad time to think about it/' he answered,and plunged through the gate of the practice field. A little later standing respectfully and at a distance upon the side-lines,I heard him say to a sophomore back, "No,no, no ! Will you never learn ? Go at himthis way !" And I saw him dash at a dummylineman, a bag of sawdust set there tomark the position of the charge — Stagghas too few linemen to be able to permit anyreal ones to waste their time in markingpositions — and over throw it as a bull mighttoss a child's doll. "De Yales," it waseasy to see, were to have the Old Man's best.Good enough or bad enough, they were tohave his best.Some men have a quicker appreciationthan Mr. Stagg of the delightfulness of thetrivial; but few, I think, a more sincereappreciation of the importance of the significant. He has kept on hand, all his life,a small stock of goods for circulation, butevery piece is genuine and costly. Courage ;confidence; earnestness; intelligence; andhonor. That is about the list. With lesssympathy, he might have been a great general. With more, he might have been agreat priest of God. As he is, his vocationchose him: he has been a great coach.Many of us think, the greatest ; so great, atany rate, that he has made his professionfamous for usefulness. And when he dies —may the day be far distant — there will bethousands and thousands of little boys in thisland who will say in awed curiosity, "Daddy(or perhaps it will be grandpa) why areyou crying ?" For civilization is a pentapod,and its five legs are courage, confidence,earnestness, intelligence, and honor.Sentimental Tommy went back to Thrums, and meeting Aaron Latta remarked nervously — all sentimentalists arenervous — "How we change!" And Aaronreplied, grimly, but with greater truth,"How we dinna change!" There has beenno change in Mr. Stagg since I have knownhim (true, that is only thirty seven years).The first remark I ever heard him makewas to an outfielder to whom he wasknocking long flies in practice in the springof 1894. He cried,"You have it, you have it!"Not — you will observe — "You've got it !"It was the first time I had ever heard an accurate use of English on the baseball diamond. Precision is still his shibboleth. Thelast remark I heard him make this afternoonwas to a player. "That is exact. That willdo." He did not swear, and he does not;did not drink or smoke, and does not; rana mile every morning before breakfast, andstill does, or was still doing so the lasttime I asked him ; made his word bond, andstill does; was sceptical of perfection to thepoint of stubbornness, reflective to the pointof hesitation, and still is ; slower to make uphis mind than molasses to flow in midwinter,and firmer than the rock of Gibraltar whenhe has made it up ; sensitive to criticism,indifferent to praise, utterly loyal and expectant of loyalty entire ; for every problem,on the field and off, seeking the final rightsolution, and finding it with a curious frequency, it would seem. "What is truth?"said jesting Pilate. That is the one thingabout which Mr. Stagg never jests, as hepermitted himself to do about "de Yales."No, football is not a school of character;not necessarily. But Mr. Stagg is a communicator of it, and too fond a lover of thegame to recognize the difference. Yaledid, and does, well to honor him. Strike upthe band ! But the echoes of praise comeback unabsorbed by that front of NewJersey granite.m%®m*®m*®Amos Alonzo StaggHe has kept on hand, all his life, a small stock of goods for circulation, but every piece isgenuine and costly. Courage; confidence; earnestness ; intelligence; and honor.Ten Months Without GangstersBy Felix PeetersTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, with the negro section inits vicinity, Washington Park andthe bloody Twentieth Ward (Strongholdof "Scarf ace Al" Capone) nearby, Gary tothe south, where his gang has numerousdives, and finally the lake to the east, seemsto enjoy a bad neighborhood and ought tobe the scene of fierce struggles and bloodycrimes. By reading the American dailies,and in particular the Chicago Tribune, myfriends have had more than one uneasy shiver— those who have remained on the other sideof the Atlantic. The fact is that the massacre of the Moran gang in a garage on St.Valentine's day took place at this time, butseven miles away to the north, and only itsjournalistic echoes — amplified, of course —penetrated the peaceful atmosphere of thecampus. In a word our only criminal casewas that of a negro who, in a spell of"clocktomania," was caught in a dormitorytrying to carry off a lot of Baby Bens; asit happened, they were set just a little tooearly and rang the hour of his doom. In theheart of the city, within the Loop (by thatname is designated the business district ofChicago, bounded by the elevated tracks),conditions are different. One evening,about 12 o'clock, I assumed a rather specialimportance for having run too eagerly aftera couple of smokers with the perfectly peaceful intention of asking for a light. Bydoing so I had almost scared them to death.Their hands were in their hip pockets, whichwere heavier with lead than with liquor.The outskirts of the Loop, as you gosouth, take on at times a rather sombreaspect; I should hardly advise the uninitiated to leave the thoroughfares and venture into the dark alleys; they are just somany traps. The West Side and the neighborhood of the Stockyards are equallycharming places ; they abound in opportunities for the thrill specialist. Some of the* Published in the October, 1930, issue BulletinTranslated by David Bacon. negroes and Chinese have a way of lookingat you that is eloquent of their intentionsif they get the chance. But is the WindyCity unique in this respect? Can't one saythe same of all large cities and all seaportsthroughout the world?It is the liquor question which has drawnattention particularly to this bootleg stronghold, and also its rather fantastic administration, moving, one can say, confidentlyfrom deficit to deficit; finally, too, thechivalric attitude of Mayor Thompson,sworn enemy of the King of England, whomhe considers, by special favor, to be the causeand principle of all the calamities whichrain on the nation and especially on Chicago.With a little prudence, a few dollars,no revolver, and much nerve, one is notlikely to fall before the sawed-off shotgunof some gangleader's henchman. Supposing that one is not a bank employee, a cashier, a politician, a judge, a rival bootlegger,a millionaire, or a court witness, one runsno danger of being shot down in the streetor in one's home. Since the majority ofChicago men are none of these, their anxious families may rest easy, and peopleeager for a thrill must get along withoutit. . . . Chicago, in its living and animatedparts, in the business district, on the Northand South Sides, and round about the University, is terribly quiet, horribly lacking insensational crimes; so much the worse forcub reporters on the lookout for news. . . .When I say "quiet" I must be more precise. The University is a buzzing hive inwhich the Fellow timidly struggles afterleaving the fatherly advice of Mr. Galpin.The fear of isolation gets a hold on youso quickly when the atmosphere in whichyou find yourself is new and strange . . .when your companions are people who speaka language that is English only in name,changing their slang, furthermore, witheach new talkie. . . . But in the bustlingdes Alumni of the University of Brussels.1314 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEactivity of this great city, which to all appearances is cruel, indifferent, inhuman,your fear soon disappears; the cordial welcome you receive, the curiosity and interestpeople evince, are likely to thaw out eventhe most boorish of unlicked cubs, and makethem take part without delay in this intensecollective life, superficial as it is, but wheresolitude is unknown and individuality mustwithdraw into its shell. One loses to a remarkable extent, in this place, that socialsense which one thought he possessed because in Belgium he had certain relations,certain intimate surroundings; especiallyso when one reads the list of clubs to whicha professor of Syriac belongs, or when onemeets for the thirtieth time — always in adifferent place — an American friend whohasn't the excuse that a foreigner has forbeing curious and making acquaintances.The machinery of collective life is sohighly developed and its different parts areso nicely adjusted that they traverse eachother, join, cross, and slip into gear withoutshock, for the oil of sociability lubricatesall the sharp edges. Professional associations, fraternities, professorial meetings, lectures, dinners, surround you like ivy andthreaten to strangle the least tendency tosolitariness. It is impossible to free oneself from this net which entwines itself sothickly about you. Your professional occupations, your personal relations, yourfriendships, your pleasures, resolve themselves into associations where everything isin common, from cigarettes and jokes toautomobiles and ideas. So that outside ofthe press a social affair constitutes one ofthe factors making for intellectual andmoral rationalization, standardization ofthought, and babbittry.Instead of our narrow communal andindividual particularism, which has its valueand its dangers, you have collective activity,or rather a communalization of pleasuresand vocations which, by the comparisonsthat it entails and the contacts that it bringsabout, is a powerful stimulant to work andan element of progress.It is clear, therefore, why the alumni ofa university turn back to their Alma Materrather than to former personal relation ships. For them collective life has beenmore profitable than a few solid friendships,and when they recall their "bright collegeyears" they think of all those group contacts and all those groups of classmates,many of whose names they have forgotten.The University is aware of this feeling,and far from disapproving group life, encourages its development, for this is a signof health, and the work of cultivating ithas been assigned to a "Director of SocialAffairs." Hardly a day goes by in whichthere is not some important ceremony, requiring the presence of a certain numberof students. Their groups, which vary incomposition according to circumstances,bring together different men each time,though the others may have met beforeunder different circumstances and for different purposes. Thus the same "collegian"will have contacts in different groups withwidely differing types of companions, andwill learn to appreciate their qualities frommany angles. Unbreakable bonds arise asa result, less profound than our studentfriendships, which are rarer and more exclusive, but at the same time more limitedand more rational.I don't know how it is in the other universities of the United States. New Yorkhas its International House, whose aim isto introduce students into the complex organism of American social life. Chicagohas created an International Students Association, whose organization and activityI should like to describe with regard to theefforts of the University for the benefit ofstudents far from home.In the city of Chicago the Universityconstitutes a small independent communitywith its quadrangles and its annexes, all ofthem situated within a comparatively shortdistance of one another, so that withoutleaving a certain area one may live quite atease and ignore the rest of the world, sincethe authorities have been so careful to makethe campus a complete unit in itself, capable of satisfying all needs.The university bee-hive is divided intomany sections, the first of which for a foreigner or an outside student is his dormitory.The communal life of this sort of board-TEN MONTHS WITHOUT GANGSTERS ISing house or hotel, involving close contactsbetween residents of the same hallway orentry, tends by the very nature of thingsto draw people together who the day beforewere strangers. Community of studies addsanother bond. Furthermore the commonreading room, the daily comments on current news, the recreation room, all contribute to the creation of tacit understandingswhich will outlive the years. The proctorof the dormitory would be remiss in hisduties if he did not come personally to inquire about your needs and your moralhealth. Are you lonely?Without more ado severalstudents of your own age andinterested in the same studiesare delegated to the task ofseeing that you are not lefttoo much alone.If your timidity resists allthese advances, you will beinvited to the weekly meetings which follow the gameson Saturday. A few dances,a lecture, a "steak party," alittle intimate dinner organized in your honor, willloosen your tongue and breakup your reserve better than the best gradeliquor. If you still withdraw into yourself,without hurting your feelings, without spying on you, they will try to find out yourtastes, and some day you will be surprisedto find yourself invited to a concert or tothe theater. An ice cream soda, a littlegroup around the phonograph, a discussionabout a recent book or play, any of these issufficient reason for getting the foreigner,"who knows best," and asking for hisopinion.Need I mention the heated discussionsthat go on with regard to problems of race,colonization, Americanization, prohibition,and how to counteract the standardizedopinions created by the press ? In exchangefor this initiation into the rites of hospitality and fellowship, what has a Europeanto offer? A bit of French (just enoughto make someone say "Funny!"), a few ideasthat jar . . . and complete approval of allthe strange mixtures you are obliged toFelix Peetersdrink while your host waits anxiously forthe verdict on a compound of drugstore alcohol and drugstore flavoring. The frankcordiality, the constant touching elbows, oflife among undergraduates in a dormitory,the perfect equality which exists between abanker's son, say, and a lumberjack who hascome to spend a year toward his degree, before returning to the woods of Oregon, areamong the pleasantest aspects of this sort ofcommunal life. Often the reflections ofAmerican students are a continuous commentary on the life about them. No needof asking questions. Listen,and a whole lesson in sociology may be drawn fromtheir conversation. Youhave only to hear them andwatch them in order to likethem better and understandthem more easily.If you are not attracted bylife in a dormitory, you maylive alone in a rented roomnear the University. Alone?My error ! You are soonsurrounded by young peopleof the same age who live inthe same building, for on thefringes of the University lodging housespredominate, almost to the exclusion ofother buildings. Would you take refuge atany price in town ? The noise in the Loopand the crowds will follow you still, evento the fortieth story. In the restaurantsdowntown, furthermore, and in the streets,will be found the students from whom youwish to escape. In this connection I havenot mentioned the fraternities, whose members have everything in common : board androom, service, studies, pleasures. Nothingescapes the supervision of their officers; theirfunction is to exercise a never-ceasing control of your mental and physical being.One can hardly recall this omnipresentdiscipline without a certain astonishment.Its influence extends even to mealtimes, andespecially to those evening get-togetherswhere recent initiates are taught the historyand ceremonies of their fraternity, and itssongs, which all, candle in hand, will sing inthe University's court of honor, when, oni6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAlumni Reunion Day, they march in singlefile under the gaze of an excited studentbody.Hollow, but deep voices, contrasting withthe sharper accents of a few Negroes, risein the evening silence. The fountainsplashes gently. A jazz orchestra moansdiscreetly nearby. Only the candles furnishlight. The fraternities pass by one afterthe other intoning their chants. Nothingcould be more serious or more solemn, if itwere not for the co-eds whispering as theymunch bonbons in anticipation of a longseance.Another factor in bringing students together is the classroom. But this is far fromresembling our great auditoriums, whereone regards the professor from the heightof one's bench, and one's fellow studentsfrom the height of a proud individualism.TOGETHER with many otheralumni of the University of Chicagowith whom I am in touch, I am verymuch pleased to see that you have taken upthe question of power. It is certainly one ofthe most vital matters and one of the mostserious issues now confronting our people.And it is fitting that our magazine, representing the alumni of a great university,should have something to say upon thismatter. So I was particularly pleased andinterested to read the article by ProfessorJerome G. Kerwin on the subject in theFebruary issue. And of course, I haveread with equal interest the rejoinder byMr. Lynne J. Bevan in the April issue andthe further rejoinder by F. R. Moultonin the May issue.The article by Professor Kerwin wasdignified, restrained, and strictly within thelimits of well established facts. It was inevery way worthy, it seemed to me, of agreat magazine, of a great university, discussing a great and important question. I In this case there is nothing more than alittle room with a table in the middle, several armpad chairs, and a blackboard. Nowhere do you find those living statues thatstare at a corner of the platform whilestoically waiting for the instructor to arrive. No American is capable of remaining quiet with nothing to do. Either he willturn the pages of a book, read, or gossip —and especially this — -but never will he wastetime in cosmic reflections. The librarynearby, which he has just left, awaits him,and at the end of the class hour he returns tothe cubicles where, among the stacks, hisfellows work or gabble. For this is one ofthe last University salons; here, betweentwo texts of Petronius Arbiter, one dilateson Miss Chambers' latest costume or Professor Brown's latest book.To be continuedwas, therefore, quite astonished to read inthe opening of the article by Mr. Bevanin the April issue the charge that the articlewas "vituperative in style, incompetent asevidence," that it "abased the university,"was a "tirade replete with insufficient and,in some instances, absolutely incorrect assertions," that it "by innuendo villified thePresident," that it was written "from abiased point of view and was intendedto mislead and to arouse animosities," etc.In view of these serious charges I reread Professor Kerwin's article and, forone, I should like to protest that these areutterly unfair and unjustified charges.And, what is more, they convince me thatthe author has been unduly influenced anddisturbed by a simple, straightforward statement of facts, and that his language isevidence of an inability to face calmly aserious situation and problem.In this connection may I point out thefact that Professor Kerwin's discussion ofthis matter is by no means the first to be"Power" — Fourth and Last RoundBy Erling H. Ltjnde, '14"POWER"— FOURTH AND LAST ROUND 17presented in scholarly and universitycircles. I should like to ask those who arereading these articles to get a copy of thesupplement of the American Economic Review for March, 193 1, in which there areprinted the papers and proceedings of the43rd Annual Meeting of the AmericanAssociation held at Cleveland, Ohio, lastDecember, and read the 40 pages of closelywritten matter on "Power and Propaganda," by Ernest Gruening. In that discussion every contention that Professor Kerwin has made has been substantiated and,in addition, facts and details have beenuncovered that will make Professor Kerwin's article appear to be merely an introduction to the subject. And thesearticles will also make the rejoinders ofMessrs. Bevan and Moulton seem utterlywithout foundation.And may I also draw the attention ofour readers to the fact that ProfessorWilliam E. Mosher and his associatesin the School of Citizenship and PublicAffairs of the Syracuse University, a yearor more ago published a book on "Electrical Utilities — The Crisis in Public Control" which also contains a volume of verycarefully prepared and well authenticateddata from an entirely disinterested sourcethat will more than substantiate every position that Professor Kerwin presented in abrief way in his article in the Februarynumber of our magazine.And these are but two sources of factsand information upon which Professor Kerwin's articles may well have been based.There are many others. And chief of all, ofcourse, are the authoritative findings of theFederal Trade Commission, an official investigation still going on, the publications ofwhich have already reached 25 or 30 volumes with literally thousands of pages, andmostly based upon the testimony of thepower companies themselves. If our readerswill mine out the facts and information inthese authoritative sources, they will findthat Professor Kerwin rendered a greatservice when he wrote his very brief introductory discussion on this great and veryimportant subject.What now are the main points that Pro fessor Kerwin made, and the exceptionsthat are taken by Messrs. Bevan andMoulton ? Professor Kerwin opens hisarticle in the February issue by quotingPresident Roosevelt, who as far back as1909 was pointing out the menace of themonopoly of the great corporations, andwent on to say that we are now beginningto realize that the country is approachinga climax in this struggle with the "powercorporations seeking special favors or release from government control." Mr.Bevan takes exception to this and insiststhat there is no power trust — that it isonly a myth. He says that the FederalTrade Commission in 1927 "made athorough investigation of the electric industry and reported that it could not findany power monopoly." But that was in1927. Since then and for the last two orthree years the Federal Trade Commission has been carrying on a much more exhaustive and thorough-going investigation,and anyone who will look into the volumesof testimony that are now published willsee that the Federal Trade Commission isnow telling quite a different story. Thepower trust is not only a reality, if thistestimony is to be believed, but it is one ofthe most far-reaching and powerful, aswell as menacing, monopolies in the historyof this country. If anything, ProfessorKerwin has erred in not emphasizing thisfact strongly enough.Professor Kerwin states that the powercompanies inflate their capital accounts.He cites only one instance. Mr. Bevanadmits that this is true and undertakesto defend and justify it. But he tries tomake light of it. He says that "cheapnotoriety only can be aimed at by citing'$144.00 for neckties'" in the $1,121,-942.87 inflation of the Clarion RiverPower Company's capital account. ButProfessor Kerwin was using this only as anillustration typical of one of the mostserious evils that has grown up in connection with the private power companies inrecent years. We should like to call ourreaders' attention to the fact that these inflations of the capital accounts of theprivate companies, which Mr. Bevan ad-iS THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEmits, are so great as to constitute a seriousand nation-wide menace. For example,consider the case of the American Powerand Light Company which, according tothe hearings of the Federal Trade Commission, (see volumes 23 and 24, page 287)made a "write up" in one single instanceof $68,440,931.00. Or consider the caseof the Electric Light and Power Corporation (same reference, page 322) with a"write up" of $42,341,947.00. And thenconsider that these are only two instances,and that the Federal Trade Commissionis busy now and will be for many monthsto come disclosing other instances of thiskind covering the various power companiesoperating in every section of the country.Such appalling facts as these can not beeasily laughed away as instances of "cheapnotoriety."Mr. Bevan, in referring to these inflations of the capital account, argues thatthese inflations "do not enter far into thefixing of rates for power." We are gladto note that Mr. Bevan admits that theseinflations enter into the fixing of rates atleast a little way. As a matter of fact, webelieve that they go far and go very far.In fact, the very object of these inflationsis to enable the power companies to increase their rates or maintain them in orderto maintain their excessive earnings. Mr.Bevan has in this case used one of thestock arguments of the power companypeople. We believe it is utterly fallacious,for the earnings to pay dividends on theseinflated values must come from somewhere.And there is only one place from which theycan come ultimately, and that is the consumer.And now a word in regard to Mr.Moulton's rejoinder in the May issue. Mr.Moulton's chief contention is that electriclight and power rates are lower under private ownership in the United States thanunder public ownership in Ontario. Hegoes to some lengths and quotes a table offigures to prove this contention. But Mr.Moulton falls into the same fallacy thatthe apologists of the private companies aremaking everywhere. He takes the totalrevenue received for electric service in Ontario under public ownership, and inthe New York territory under private ownership, and divides these total revenues bythe total number of kilowatt hours produced, and by this method proves that theaverage revenue per kilowatt hour ishigher in Ontario than in New York. Butthis method is fallacious and misleading,as a little careful thought and analysiswill show. The private companies in NewYork sell proportionately more power service at low cost and less domestic service athigh cost than the publicly owned projectin Ontario. And so by jumbling the revenues of all classes of electric service together and dividing by the number of kilowatt hours sold, Mr. Moulton and thepower company people generally, who usethis method, produce a jumble that is absolutely meaningless so far as effecting a faircomparison of rates is concerned. If the various classes of service — domestic, commercialand power — are compared in each case, itwill be found that in every instance therates for each particular class of service islower, and much lower, in Ontario thanin New York under private ownership.Professor Mosher, who is not a public ownership man, has been to great pains to explain and illustrate this fallacy. See his"Electrical Utilities," page 237.Mr. Moulton thinks that ProfessorKerwin has been unfair in referring to theway the power companies have employedor used university and college professorsand the educational system in spreadingtheir propaganda. He says that thepower companies paid "an insignificantnumber of mostly obscure professors formaking addresses in a few places." Butthe records show that these companies employed professors and others connected withthe schools in Ohio State University, theUniversity of Pennsylvania, NorthwesternUniversity, Harvard, University of Toronto, the University of Colorado, and onepublication was gotten out under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institute ofWashington, D. C. These are not obscure universities, nor are the professorsmentioned in this case obscure professors.As a matter of fact, the operations of theTOWER"— FOURTH AND LAST ROUND 19private power companies in this connection,as shown by the findings of the FederalTrade Commission, are almost nation-widein their sweep and scope. Professor Kerwin stated the case very mildly as comparedto the facts revealed by the Commission.But one of the most astonishing statements by Mr. Moulton is to the effect thatthese professors and teachers have not misrepresented the facts. He says: "I do notrecall that it was suggested that even oneof them misrepresented the facts to anydegree whatever." Mr. Moulton couldnot have known what has been going on inthis connection and made such a statement.Consider, for example, the fact that thepublication of the Wyer report on the Ontario System by the Smithsonian Instituteat Washington, D. C. was found to be sogrossly false in many of its statements, andunfair throughout, that it precipitated astorm of protest and almost threatened international complications. The report wasso faulty that the Smithsonian Institutefinally repudiated the article, recalled theplates, and had them destroyed.Similarly, the report by ProfessorStewart of the Colorado University on"Rural Electrification in Ontario" was sofalse and misleading in its statements thatit called forth a letter from C. A. Mc-Grath, Chairman of the Hydro ElectricPower Commission, in which he stated thatalthough Professor Stewart had claimedthat he had submitted his statements to theofficials of that Commission and that theyhad approved them as correct, ProfessorStewart as a matter of fact had never madethe changes and additions to the report,as requested by the Commission. "Notonly are figures published in Stewart's report incorrect," says Mr. McGrath, "butstatements throughout the report are notin accordance with the facts." And theinteresting part of this story is that whileProfessor Stewart was making his study,which was advertised as impartial, schol arly, and scientific, he was in the pay of thepublic utilities. (See Federal Trade Commission Exhibits Nos. 1743, 1745, 1746,and 1748, Part IV, pp. 271-89).And the above are but instances of theutterly unwarranted, and wanton disregard of the facts in many of the reportsof this kind.Mr. Moulton also brings up the usualarguments about the payment of taxes bythe private power companies, which is oneof their stock arguments. As a matter offact, the taxes paid by the private utilitiesper kilowatt hour are very insignificant.It has been found that in New York thetaxes paid amount to only 2-1/2 mills perkilowatt hour; in Detroit it is 1-1/2 mill;and in some cases it is as low as 1/2 a millper kilowatt hour. One of the power company men, in a letter on file with the Federal Trade Commission, said, in writingto another power company official, in discussing this very matter : "Don't say taxes ;(in explaining the reason why municipalrates are so much lower than private)taxes are less than $0.0023 per kilowatthour in this state (Missouri)." (FederalTrade Commission Exhibit No. 2968).There are other points in the rejoindersof Messrs. Bevan and Moulton that shouldbe mentioned but I fear I have already exceeded the limits of space that the magazine could allow for this discussion, andI can only close by suggesting to our readersthat one of the organizations with which Iam associated, The Public OwnershipLeague of America, whose headquarters areat 127 North Dearborn Street, Chicago,is at the present time at work in preparinga rather extensive resume of the findingsof the Federal Trade Commission, whichis the most authoritative source of information on all of these matters. I would urgethose who desire further information toget in touch with this organization and besure to get its bulletin on this subject whenit is finally published.Drexei HouseIN 19 1 7 during the stress of a war-timesituation Miss Thyrza Barton, whowas then director of the HousingBureau, helped a small group of womenstudents to establish a cooperative dormitoryknown as Drexei House. The name wastaken from the avenue on which the housewas located. The records indicate that itwas started as an emergency measure whenthere was a shortage of both rooms andhousehold labor. It was at first experimental and temporary. The possibility of making it a permanent part of the Universityhousing plan seems not to have been seriouslyconsidered.Much of the strength of the organizationappears to have been the result of this experimental attitude. It was to exist as longas it justified its existence and to justify itsexistence it was forced constantly to servethe students who sought residence in it. Itwas required to adapt itself to student needsrather than to exact from them completeadjustment to arbitrary standards externally set. By providing a building in whichserious students were permitted to workout for themselves the type of organizationthat best fitted their needs, the Universitygave a large share of the responsibility forsatisfactory housing over to students.A cooperative dormitory organized asDrexei House is, stands midway betweenthe institutional formality of a large groupand the informality of family life. Sixteenis readily recognized as,a small institution,but a large family. Those who are familiaronly with family organization may find it abit difficult to visualize sixteen women, eachwith independence, preparing meals andcaring for their common living rooms as afamily group. The age of the institution isone proof that it can be done. That formerstudents return to visit and that new residents come largely upon the recommendation of old ones is further evidence of service to the student. Little publicity has beengiven to this organization because it accommodates so few. To many alumnae studentsits existence may still be news. How Does It Operate? The building,which is an old three flat World's Fairbuilding, was converted into a house withsingle rooms for sixteen girls on the secondand third floors. The first floor providesfor the living and dining rooms, kitchen andstoreroom, and a suite for the head of thehouse. The University assumes the sameresponsibility for the general care of thisbuilding as for that of other dormitories providing janitors, and the other services of theDepartment of Buildings and Grounds.There is a head resident appointed by thePresident as in the case of other women'shalls.Drexei House is different in that the residents are responsible for the planning, purchase, preparation and service of breakfastsand dinners as well as the daily care of individual and common rooms. There arekitchenette privileges for the preparation oflunches. Since there is no maid serviceeach student carries her own key. The intimacy of such small group organization necessitates an interview prior to formal application at the Housing Bureau. Thisinterview is quite as valuable to the newstudents as to the house organization for itprovides an opportunity for the new studentto inspect the house and evaluate it upon thebasis of her individual needs. Transfers toor from other dormitories may be madeaccording to the general University provisions for such transfer.The plan for carrying on the necessarywork of the household is highly systematizedand democratic, the result of many revisionsmade from time to time by students whileliving in the house. The work is doneaccording to a system of rotation, in order toequalize the burden and prevent monotony.The plan provides for adjustment to individual programs through a system of trading.There are times when the transfers of aboard of trade or a complicated system ofbanking might seem simple as compared tothe credits and debits of this work exchange.Suppose that student iA who is responsiblefor dinner cooking has an invitation out.20DREXEL HOUSE 21If her credit is good she may say to number2, "I'll trade you two breakfast dish washing jobs for my dinner cooking tomorrownight." In case number 2 wishes to pile upcredit for the future she will accept the bargain. If, however, number 2 already oweswork to number i the statement might bechanged to something such as: "You oweme a job. I want to be gone tomorrownight. Could you cook for me?" Perhapsit might be more complicated. Sara owesme a job. She cannot pay it today. Shesays you owe her a job and that if you wishyou may pay her debt to me." Some rareand humorous situations have arisen inwhich through this system of trading thejob actually came back to the starting point.What Has Been The Economic Justification of This Cooperative Dormitory? Forcertain students the money saving made possible through this arrangement means thatthey can continue their college work for anextra quarter or two. By means of a specificcase the problem becomes more real.Miss A. is now teaching in a suburb aboutten miles from the University where she receives $1,350 per year. To be advanced inher present position where she has beenrecognized as a successful teacher she mustsoon plan to take more college work. Shewould prefer work that is given at the University of Chicago, but the possibilities offinancing herself are not reassuring and hersavings cannot be large in her present situation. The only available living quartersin her present location are in an apartmentbuilding where the rent of a one roomkitchenette apartment is $72 per month.She now shares one of these apartments withtwo other teachers in an effort to increaseher savings. But the most careful planningand the greatest present sacrifices will notgive much of a margin for the future. Certainly not enough for the' regular costs offurther study at a city University. Otherstudents are confronted with similar problems.Drexei House is not a University charity.It is required to be self-maintaining in thesame manner as other housing projects. Itis different from other dormitories, however,in that it increases the resources of the stu dent who is partially or wholly self-dependent. It provides an opportunity tocapitalize on ability and willingness to createa college home for herself.A larger number of students are in partor wholly responsible for the cost of theireducation than is indicated even by the records of the Bureau of Vocational Guidanceand Placement, since many secure workthrough channels other than the Bureau.Some of the kinds of work carried on bystudents who have lived at Drexei House areindicative of the range. This work includesfellowships, work scholarships, churchguarantees, paid research, part-time teaching, tutoring, paid intrepreter, translator,part-time work at the University of Chicago Press and other campus offices,magazine articles, typing, nursing, Y. W.C. A. work, reading to people who mustconserve their eye sight, singing in the choir,accompanying, caring for children and soforth.A glance through the above list revealsthe fact that part of this work is guaranteedand regular covering a quarter or the entireyear. Much of it is part-time. For worksecured through the Vocational Bureau fromthirty-five to fifty cents per hour has beenthe most common wage. Since this is largelypart-time work and therefore temporary,there may be long periods of waiting betweenjobs. Also the time consumed in going toand from work is an important item in acrowded schedule.The money value of work in the cooperative dormitory has been estimated by findingthe difference in the cost of living in otherdormitories and the Drexei House and dividing this amount by the number of hoursdevoted to the preparation of food and thecare of living rooms. The time devoted tocaring for the halls and general livingrooms is worth from $1.00 to $1.18 per hourand that devoted to the preparation andserving of food from $.60 to $.70 per hour.The work is guaranteed, and no time is lostin going to and from employment. Furthermore the majority of this work can be fittedinto class schedules during time that is comparatively free. With a house planned andequipped to rneet better the specific needs of22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthis group, it is conceivable that the moneyvalue of time devoted to food preparationcould be increased.It would be a mistake to emphasize themoney values of this dormitory to the exclusion of certain social values, a few ofwhich may be indicated by means of theforms of sociability provided. As in otherdormitories there is entertaining within thegroup. There are house parties on Hallowe'en, Christmas and so forth, and there areoccasional room spreads. Residents mayinvite friends to house meals and to smallgroup parties which they plan individually.There is a house tea each year and facultymembers are frequent dinner guests.Does This House I nt ere fere WithScholarship? There is much evidence tothe contrary, though the point could be argued at length. The records show that therehave always been honor students among theresidents. Honors or sholarship is so rarelyNOWADAYS the physical transitionfrom town to country is made soglibly that one is likely to overlookthe tremendous psychological abyss betweenthe two ways of life. Most city-dwellersnever realize that, however often they startfor the country, they almost never actuallyarrive. For at least ten generations ofrural ancestors are needed to give one evenan occasional and fitful insight into therural attitude toward life.To the city-dweller the country seemsfearfully quiet and equally dull. To himthe quiet is strangely fearful, because he isaccustomed to living and sleeping among thenerve-shattering noises of telephone, radio,automobile, subway, and elevated. Forsuch a person, the quiet of a house whereat night one can hear all the clocks tickingis as terrifying as the awful quiet of thegrave. And once his harrassed nerves have a topic of conversation that even the personwho lived intimately with these students isoften surprised when casually informed ofhonors won by individuals. When theMaroon once published the averages of certain campus groups, curiosity promptedstudents here to pool their grades and gradepoints. The result was that the houseaverage was B- or a 4 point average. Thiswas higher than the average of any groupthere indicated.As the inroads of new building point to thenecessity of using the site of the presenthouse for other than dormitory purposes,those who believe in the value of this organization hope for a permanent structure, inwhich the chief emphasis of planning is putupon function. The present organizationis a valuable result of years of trial, andseems worthy of perpetuation in an adequately adapted new building.adjusted themselves to silence interruptedonly by squabbling sparrows or a bayinghound, he observes that the country is appallingly dull. At least, it seems dull becauseof the almost complete absence of the unexpected. In town, the telephone may, atany moment, bring him into contact withany one of a thousand welcome or unwelcome intruders into the day's routine; themorning paper lays bare the enticements of,not one, but a hundred movies, a dozenshows, and an infinite number of divertise-ments ranging from the scandal of the gutterto the idiocies of statesmen. In fact, intown, one awaits alertly the incursion of theunexpected, and is disappointed when thetelephone fails to jangle, or one's neighborremains undivorced. For the city-dwellerto whom each day brings its titillation of thenerve-ends, rural existence is an unwelcomesedative.in my opinionBy Fred B. MillettAssistant Professor of EnglishIN MY OPINION 23There is no question that life in the country is in a sense narrow and uneventful.Despite the levelling of divergencies between town and country by automobile,newspaper, magazine, movie, and radio,rural life is in some respects unhappily provincial. Obvious enough are its limitationson the side of entertainment. There is amovie in the village, but the semi-weeklychange of bill attracts for the most partschool-children and the incipiently amorous.To the mature and the aged, the moviesseem, as they usually are, slightly silly orindecent. And the countryman is obviouslynot a theatre-goer, for the theatre is thirtyor forty miles away, and, when he is intown, he is uneasy in the face of embarrassing dramatic riches. Probably of all themechanical devices for murdering peace andsleep, the radio has affected country lifemore intimately than either movie or drama.Almost certainly the radio is bound to be aspotent an influence on American folk-cultureas the newspaper, and perhaps its influencewill be greater, since most people find it lessfatiguing to listen than to read, since theradio is more personal than the newspaper,and since radio-fare is usually geared downto the lowest level of so-called human intelligence. So the radio is playing theweightiest part in awakening rural existenceto an interest in sport, politics, music andhumor of distinguished or atrocious quality.It is vastly more important to rural than tourban life, because it is the readiest mode ofconnection between the countryman andthe great world. The city-dwellerlives, or at least thinks he lives, in the greatworld.But the most serious limitations of ruralexistence are the meagerness of its information and the narrowness of its interests.The world the countryman lives in is curiously circumscribed by his deficiencies infacts and ideas and his lack of wide-rangingcuriosity. For him the world beyond aradius of fifty or sixty miles is slightly unreal. His prejudices with regard to hisneighboring states are almost insurmountable ; his conception of Europe is completelyfantastic. What alone seems real and important is what happens to the people he knows in his and nearby towns. So, thelocal newspaper is read primarily for itsvital statistics, not for its political or international or economic news. Consequently, the countryman is infinitely lessconscious of the economic system in themidst of which he is subsisting than the mostignorant city-dweller. Urban newsboys,stenographers, butchers, idle wives in apartment houses, have the cruel facts of moderneconomic life forced upon them ; even thoughtheir conclusions are false, they are compelled to confront the evidence of the hideousinequalities, the vulgarities, the grandioseand bestial aspects of city-life.But the unquestionable narrowness andignorance of the countryman is amply offset by what may be called the pagan tradition, the way of life and thought characteristic of those born and bred on the soil.Like all veritable traditions, this one isunconscious and unvoiced; nevertheless, despite infusions of urban ideas, it is the finestasset of rural existence.The pagan tradition is apparent in thecountryman's relation to nature. To thecity-dweller, nature is incidental and inconsequential, save as a setting for excursions,domestic or amatory. To the countryman,nature is the most considerable non-humanelement in his relation to the world. Itsmost obvious manifestation, the weather,is far more significant to him than to theurbanite, on whom only extremes of temperature make much of an impression. Butto the countryman, nature is not merely, asin the case of the farmer, the condition ofhis livelihood; it is the constant object ofhis devoted attention, since, after all, thereis little besides the weather and the neighbors to arrest his unoccupied vision. Andthough his response to the slow inevitablespectacle of the seasons is only modestlyaesthetic, it is significantly practical becauseof the weather's bearing upon crops, theflowers and vegetables in the garden, thegreenness of his front lawn, and the amountof coal he will have to burn to keep alivethrough the long winter. His response tonature is likewise essentially philosophic, forhis consciousness of the ambivalence ofnature, its capricious kindliness and cruelty,24 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe inevitability of its processes, its enduringpowers, builds up in him a conception of lifewhich, while sombre, is deeply rooted andabiding. The ingrown awareness of theinescapable processes of growth and decayfurnish him one of his most powerfulweapons against fate.And it is this inbred century-old experience of nature, this dark and doubtfulvision of man, now uplifted, now crushed bythe careless generosity or niggardliness ofnature, that explains the thinness of the superficial protestantism of the American countryside. The pagan tradition is infinitelyolder than Christianity; to it, protestantismis an enfeebled foundling. So, while therural church is an enlivening focus of socialexperience and perhaps the highest plane oforganized philosophic thought accessible tothe countryman, rural protestantism is buta trivial antithesis to the more ancient waysand values.The rural conception of human nature,for instance, is ampler, more tolerant thanthat of most religious sects. The respectability of the urban bourgeoisie seems to thecountryman bloodless and unreal. For thelatter is in a most highly favored positionfor the observation and study of human behavior: in the long dull evenings of thewinter, in the lucent twilights of the summer, he has nothing more exacting to dothan to observe and comment upon the con duct or misconduct of his neighbors. Andit must be remembered that his neighbor,unlike the family in the apartment acrossthe way, tends to remain the same, is notlikely to move out overnight without paying the rent. Generation after generationunrolls before the countryman's wise andtolerant eye. Fecundity and barrenness, thesurgings of vitality, and the long slow decline of thin-blooded gentility, the waywardcourse of the will o' the wisp of passion, thetransmission of traits and capabilities, thestartling consequences of inter-racial andinter-class alliances, the rise and fall ofaggressive immigrants and aliens, the inescapable dooms of the quietly or boldlyvicious, — all this experience furnishes thecountryman material for the creation of arich and inclusive conception of humannature. For him far more than for theurbanite, birth and growth, decay and death,are the ancient gods, and of these death isthe most powerful. In the city, old age anddeath are negligible; they constitute almostinvisible elements in the urban way of lifeand thought. In the true pagan, the ideaof death is omnipresent. To the unsound,the contemplation of the inroads of diseaseand the ritual of burial yield a ghoulishsatisfaction. To the sane and seasoned,death is as inevitable and as reassuring asthe sunset, and life in its shadow is neitherhotly cherished nor callously despised.BOOK.c/2From the Notebook of Modern Science"Steps in the Dark" by Milton S. Mayer, ex J2Q, and John P. Howe, '27. Thomas S.Rockwell & Co., Chicago.THE men who have succeeded in transplanting the eyes of rats and rabbits;who have built a machine that readsbehind the poker faces of murder suspects;who are studying the chemistry of the thinking process, — they are heroes ready-madefor an epic. John Howe and Milton Mayer,however, have chosen not to write an epic.They have written, instead, an authentic,business-like accountof the enterprises ofthese and other men.Many of these menare connected withthe University of Chicago. Their activitiesdiffer from our ownin various ways: theyare more dangerous,call for more ingenuity, and affect the affairs of more people.Their activities arecalled research.Leonard K e e 1 e rand his lie detectormade Decasto Mayer"sing in high C"about his four murders. Dr. Isidore S. Falkand a group of volunteers kept vigileighteen hours a day and more for the wholeduration of an epidemic and isolated germ42x, which in certain forms appeared toproduce influenza in healthy monkeys.Cornelius Osgood traveled 4,000 miles,1,000 of them alone by canoe and dog-sled,and spent more than a year on the shores ofGreat Bear Lake, recording with phonograph and camera the life of the Athabascans, oldest of American Indian tribes. Dr.Arno Luckhardt and his student assistant,J. L. Carter, went to their deserted labora-John P. Howetory one Sunday afternoon and inhaledethylene gas to learn whether it affects manas a deadly poison or an anaesthetic. Professors Bruce of Northwestern, Harno ofIllinois, and Burgess of Chicago, after ayear's survey of the five penal and reformatory institutions in Illinois and an analysisof criminal records, penal records, and(when available) the life records of 3,000paroled men, haveestimated the percentage of efficiency ofIllinois' parole boardand made some recommendations for itsimprovement.They are no magicians. Their miraclesare the result of hardwork, the careful test-ing of hunchesprompted by commonsense. Their resultsare seldom conclusive.The twenty-eightchapters in "Steps inthe Dark" tell twenty-eight interesting butunfinished stories.Keeler has yet to persuade courts of lawto accept his lie detector charts as evidence,for the lie-detector, as Judge Crumpackerhas pointed out, is a mere experiment.Osgood's talk resulted in a "beginning" inthe study of the Athabascans. Has Dr.Falk discovered the flu germ?"The discovery and isolation of 42X is astep. . . . If, as a result of further experiments, 42X will yield to the efforts of bacteriology to extract from its body a preparation that will knock the pock-mark spots outof its whole race, and if such a preparation2526 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEclearly fortifies menagainst the disease,then the little bandof workers who filledthe hectic nights withtheir beautiful skillwill get into the textbooks. If more yearsof labor prove theirtrail to be a blindone, then they will deposit 42X in a neat,tight container, placeit in a remote cornerand begin again."These Olympianshave their jokes.There is the story, nodoubt well known at the Quadrangle Club,of the trying of the new anaesthetic, ethylene, on the doubting Dr. Carlson. Thereare the strange experiences of FrederickHoelzel, who eats glass beads, rubber ornothing at all, to enable Dr. Carlson tostudy the phenomena of hunger, and whofound during a 42 day record fast, that hecouldn't enjoy a magazine that didn't contain food advertisements. There are thepopular theories about aldermen and policemen revealed by Professor Leonard White'sMilton S. Mayer word-association testsof the man on thestreet, made just before the warlike primary of April 1928.The hero of "Stepsin the Dark" mustfollow that earlyscientist who wrotethe Edwin SmithPapyrus thirty centuries before Christ,and whose classification of diseases Professor Breasted hastranslated, "(1) anailment which I will(2) an ail-(3) an ailmenttreatment I will contend with.not to be treated."Those ailments with which today'sscientist will contend, an ever-expandingfield of human woes, — sometimes set himsuperhuman tasks. Accordingly, the scientist is humble. He is not interested in trying to impress the public. He is businesslike.Howe and Mayer have written their bookin the scientific spirit.Allen Heald '26 J.D. '30NEWS OF THEQUADRANGLESBy John P. Howe, '27PLACIDLY, as such things go, theUniversity opened its doors thisautumn upon the fortieth congregation of its citizens. In the fullness of hisyears this correspondent has watched nineof the University's fall openings come andgo; and since the Capacity for going ga-ga is a talent of youth, the scene seems calmenough.Potentially, the week of opening was thesecond most interesting week in the University's history. In 1892 it was the newUniversity, this year the New Plan. Muchhas been written about both.NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLES 27When classes assembled for the first timein '92, says Thomas Goodspeed in his history, the performance was as smooth as ifthe University had been holding classes forten years. Just so this year with the NewPlan. And that is the reason this observer,as an exponent of the Plan who half expected bombs to burst in air, has found thehectic quality lacking. He can assure returning alumni that they will recognize theplace as still their own, their native land.*****As in the past nine years I find the freshmen young, unbewildered, and docile without knowing it. So far as it can beascertained, they all go to class prettyregularly, because they are not geniuses,because there will be a day of reckoning,and because the classes are interesting.Whether the feeling of responsibility, in thefreedom of the new order, spurs them toadded effort, no one can yet say.A few of the old courses for freshmenhave gone by the boards. Others havebeen revised, for the nonce, as sophomorecourses. Otherwise, and obviously, the NewPlan so far consists chiefly in the foursurvey courses — the Humanities, the Social,Physical and Biological Sciences.I have before me the neat paper-boundand planographed volume — 520 pages —which is the preliminary edition of the syllabus and selected readings for the socialsciences course. The syllabus proper — outlining one year's work for beginning students in that field— covers 60 pages. Theorganizing principle of the course is theeffect of the impact of the Industrial Revolution upon the social structure — the firstquarter dealing largely with economic aspects, the second with sociological problemsand the third with politics and government.Many of the topics are presented as issues.Under such a heading as "The Significanceof Prices," for example, there follows abrief topical outline, a key problem fordiscussion in the form of a quotation, aseries of statements by authorities representing different viewpoints, and a list ofindispensable and optional readings bearingon the pioblem. Under the topic, "ThePolitical Machine," for example, the dis cussion subject is the quotation, "the boss,every boss, has just seven principles — fiveloaves and two fishes."Each of the four syllabi is closely adaptedto the material and the arrangement of eachis regarded this year as experimental. Forlecture purposes each of the four courses isdivided into two sections of approximately200 students each, meeting three times aweek in such halls as Kent Theater and theassembly room of the new Oriental Institute.The lecture sections are further broken intosmall groups for weekly discussions.Most of the freshmen are registered forfour courses rather than the three which wasnormal under the old scheme, and the recommended practice is to attend three of thefour survey courses currently (the fourth tobe taken next year) and to devote the fourthperiod to preparing for requirements in thegeneral examinations other than those deriving from the general courses.Members of the newly established committee of examiners, some of them broughtto the University solely as examiners, arenow at work on the comprehensive tests,which will be offered for the first time nextSpring and quarterly thereafter.3j? <fc Tfr tJc SjcEven discounting for the perennial illusion that the current freshman class is themost promising in years, the beginners thisyear do seem unusually good. The newscholastic standard required that they comefrom the upper half of their high schoolclasses; almost without exception the 750boys and girls admitted were upper-thirdand many of them ranked one or two inlarge classes. The matriculants representa somewhat wider geographical dispersionthan before and there is apparently a sprinkling of youngsters from prominent families.Unexpectedly, the general registration in theUniversity, totalling more than 7,000 tuition payments at this writing, is more thanone hundred ahead of the total for the samedate last year.The general quiescence this autumn wasmildly disturbed by fraternity rushing.Having agreed to a one-year deferred rushing rule, to become effective in 1932, thefraternities were impelled to unusual energy.28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETwenty-eight fraternities pledged 303 men— Psi U alone buttoning 26 — and all seemfairly content. The girls' clubs suddenlyagreed to make the deferred-rushing compact effective this year, and, in their leisure,further decided that in such incidental rushing as takes place during the year the rusheesmust pay for their own luncheons.The new South-of-the-Midway residencehalls for men opened September 15th andsix of the eight sections are already filled.Handsomer and more pleasant than anystanding dormitories, the halls are concededalready to be good places to live. ProfessorFred Millett, neighbor to this column, ishead resident, and he and Thornton Wilder,who is simply a resident, believe that theydetect the beginnings of a worthy tradition.The library of the halls has been judiciouslychosen. And there has been no complaintabout the food, so far.The books suggested for reading in thegeneral survey courses are available in thehalls but more especially in a new freshmanreading room, carrying 8,000 volumes,which has been installed on the third floorof Cobb Hall, adjoining the offices of theCollege advisers.*****The exchange of greetings, as usual, raninto millions on the opening day. But therewere fewer new faculty faces than usual —twenty-two to be exact. Most interestingwas the appointment of Carl Bricken asAssistant Professor of Music. Through thegift of an anonymous donor the Universityhas been enabled to make a modest start onthe long-awaited development of a department of music. Bricken is a Pulitzer Prizewinner, a Guggenheim fellow, a composer ofmerit, and a pianist. At present he is organizing a University symphony orchestra andthis winter he will give the first courses inthe history and appreciation of music thatthe University has ever offered.Newly arrived full professors are AlfredR. Radcliffe-Brown, enthnologist from theUniversity of Sydney, in anthropology ; andPierce Butler, formerly of the Newberry Library, in the Graduate Library School.Professor William Douglas of Yale is tobegin his service in the University LawSchool next year. An important addition tothe anthropology faculty is Dr. ManuelAndrade, authority on the Mayans, as associate professor, and in Philosophy Dr.Charles Morris has been called from RiceInstitute. The roster of DistinguishedService Professors was brought to ten during the summer by the appointment of Professors Edwin O. Jordan and William E.Dodd under an endowment fund establishedby the late Andrew MacLeish. And oneof the University's most generous benefactors, Max Epstein, has been elected a member of the Board of Trustees.*****The University has not escaped the business depression. Gifts during the fiscal yearending June 30th, 1931 brought the totalassets of the University to $108,780,000 ofwhich $59,930,000 is productive endowment. This represents an increase ofroughly five million dollars over the totalfor the same date the previous year, but asmight be expected this year's increase is lessthan the average for the past several years.More important is the reduction in the income from the University's endowments,which, however conservatively invested,have not yielded the normal return.No drastic retrenchment in expenditures hasyet been necessary. Economies all alongthe line have been put into effect, however,and an effort is being made to spread theteaching activities of the regular facultyover the entire four quarters, reducing somewhat the total number of courses offered inany one quarter and by the same actionlimiting the number of visiting teachersbrought in during the summer.* * * * *The real news of the quadrangles as thenew year opens, however, is that the newis less important than the old and that teaching and research, reading and writing, talking and playing, go on apace and as usual.By William V. Morgenstern, '20 J.D. '22Chicago, 12; Cornell College, oChicago, o; Hillsdale, 7Chicago, 7; Michigan, 13Chicago, o; Yale, 27*****CHICAGO football is at the presentmoment suffering from the aftereffects of overemphasis concernedwith the Yale game. Amos Alonzo Stagg'spersonal prestige, to which the whole country paid tribute in connection with hisfortieth anniversary on the Midway, sufficed to make the Yale-Chicago game themost important event of the day. But theMaroon football team, under a heavy obligation to rise to the occasion, faltered sadlywith a dreary -and futile display. And soMr. Stagg's celebration has left these quadrangles with a notable headache, though thedissipation was confined entirely to theremnants of the Maroon football reputation.Certainly the present status of Chicagoathletics is very sad indeed. It seems highlyimprobable that the public will take anyfurther interest in the football games, andthat attendance will be very scant. Thisattitude creates problems. Football isthe sport which has in the past carried thewhole athletic program; if there is no appreciable amount of revenue derived fromthe games, another perplexing budgetaryquestion is added to those which alreadyconfront the University. As a corollary tothe inevitable decrease in attendance therewill be the unwillingness of some opponentsto come to Chicago when they can do betterwith other rivals, or can at least draw moreat the home gate with Chicago than theycan here on the Midway.Perhaps it might be better to start at thebeginning and work up — or down — to theYale game. Your correspondent last Junehazarded a prediction as to the lineup forthe present season, and missed only on oneposition. The mistake there concerned H. O. Page, Jr., who would be very muchamong those present except for a constitutional inability to pass. German 3. Lastsummer, nine "C" men and seven "OldEnglish" letter winners were prospectivemembers of the squad, although five of themwere ineligible. Of the "C" men, WalterTrude, tackle, perenially ineligible, but always managing to get by at the last moment,finally failed. Lou Kanne, a fine punterand defensive man, also failed to get eligible.Kanne would have been all right except thathe could not, under present Law Schoolregulations, take an examination that hehad planned to take. Registering for twoother courses, in which he had to get an "A"and a "B," he missed out with two "B's."Mackenzie, whose role was that of backingup the line, hurt his back during the summer and could not play. Temple was ineligible up to the Michigan game, but waspresent for Yale. Maneikis, of the "OldEnglish" reserves, and badly needed attackle, fell downstairs a few days beforepractice opened and broke his wrist, an injury that eliminated him for the season.Cummings, a freshman tackle, also wasineligible when the summer ended. Page'scase lingered on until the week of the Michigan game, when he finally came to gripswith the German course, and failed. Chicago's squad is entirely too limited to recover from so many disasters.In the opening doubleheader of the season,Chicago defeated Cornell, 12 to o, and thenthe same line, and practically the same back-field, essayed to handle Hillsdale in the second game. Hillsdale, fresh and frisky, hadenough to defeat the weary regulars, 7 to o.Mr. Stagg used his men in most of thesetwo games because he knew they were hisonly hopes for the season, and wanted togiven them, particularly his tackles andsophomore backs, all the experience possible.Furthermore, the periods had been shortenedby three minutes, and the men who played293° THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESnap Shots on Stagg FieldUpper left: The assistant coaches, Page, Weislow, Norgren, Apitz and Anderson,former Maroon players, discuss strategy with the Old Man. Upper right: Paul Stagg.Center, left to right: Captain Horwitz, Zimmer, Hamburg. Bottom: Parsons, Sahlin.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 31Back-seat bluesnow endedThe players seem a mileaway — you can't hear or seea thing — you're always aplay or two behind in knowing "Who has the ball?""What down is it?" "Did they completethe pass?" Pretty blue for a football fan!But it is all different in the stadiumequipped with Western Electric PublicAddress System. There you can easilyfollow the game. An announcer gives aplay by play description, which carriesto all parts of the crowd.This amplifying apparatus is a productof telephone making. It grew out of thesame experience which pioneered equipment for radio broadcasting, for aviationcommunication, for talking pictures. Itis still another example of WesternElectric's leadership in sound.Western ElectricMakers of your Bell telephone and leadersin the development of sound transmissionThe Western Electric Public Address System isdistributed by Graybar Electric Company.32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthrough both games were not in fact calledupon for much longer exertion than in agame of regular length.Two weeks intervened between the opening date and the Michigan game at AnnArbor and during that time the line madeapparent progress. A few days before thegame, however, there was concentrated misfortune. Page failed in his examination;Kanne received his "B"; Sahlin was hurt,and Paul Stagg, regular quarterback, injured earlier, was found unable to play.Temple became eligible the same day, butwas of little value, because he had not participated in much practice. With Michigantouted as a prospective champion, the outlook was bleak. But Chicago put up a nobledefensive fight, and after Michigan hadscored two touchdowns in the secondquarter, one through a blocked kick and theother through a fumble, the Maroon teamcame back in the third quarter with a sustained march to a touchdown. Now, Chicago's line always looks good against Michigan, for Michigan does not play a drivinggame. It is content to play along, relyingon defense, and capitalizing any breaks thatit gets through concentrated effort. Apparently, Michigan is just as willing to winby one touchdown as by four or five. Theperformance against Michigan raised greathopes for the Yale game, because the teamwas in better physical condition. Yale, also,was underrated, largely because of its decisive defeat by Georgia.The setting for the game was perfect.Yale's appearance here in honor of Mr.Stagg centered a tremendous ovation on the"Old Man," the like of which has neverbeen given any individual in intercollegiateathletics. But the team was unequal to theoccasion. It was hesitant and futile onoffense and except for one brief momentnear the close of the first half, it made noeffective drive. On defense, although Capt.Horwitz was kicked in the head and had tobe taken out in a semiconscious condition,and the other stalwart guard, Hamberg, wasalso out on his feet for a while, the teambattled. It held Yale, which had a hardcharging, heavy line, and two first class backs, Taylor and Booth, to one touchdownin the first half. But in the second half thedefense crumbled as the men wore out,and Yale piled up three more touchdowns.Chicago has no reserves, and the relief linemen that Stagg had to use could not copewith the Yale second string. If it had beenjust a football game, the reaction would nothave been so apparent, but this was an occasion which required, if not a victory, at leastan heroic effort.There is no particular basis for hope during the rest of the season. The center ofthe line, with Parsons at center, and Hamberg and Horwitz at guards, is good. Thetackles, key men in the line, are at presentno better than fair. Cassels plays steadyfootball, and Spearing, a green sophomorewith no high school experience, needs another season to master his job. Wien is theonly first rate all-round end, although Toigo•makes up for lack of skill with plenty ofdetermination. There is no fire in theoffense. The team dallies in the huddle, andis slow in running off plays — so slow, indeed,that Benny Friedman, late of Michigan andnow of the Yale coaching staff, declared inprint that Chicago was the slowest team hehad ever seen. Apparently, the quarterbackdirection could be more decisive. Pagewould have, been a big asset as a blocker andkicker, and he probably would have been abetter driver than anyone on the team.There is not enough power in the line tomake any of the backs stand out, and theinterference developed so far has lookedfeeble. Passing is mediocre. Chicago mayrally to defeat Indiana, but the next weekPurdue, which will smart the rest of theseason because of that unexpected defeat atWisconsin, is more than likely to massacrethe team. Of all the offenses it has met,Chicago is most ineffective against theNotre Dame style which Purdue uses andwith which Yale had high success. Arkansas, which follows Purdue, is tough ;Illinois will be going strong a week later,and then Wisconsin winds up the season.There isn't a really easy spot in the rest ofthe schedule. Furthermore, there are veryfew optimists left around here.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 33POWER PLANTS AFLOATELECTRICITY, having revolutionized industrial methods, is well on its way to aconquest of the seas. Already, more than seventy ships are propelled by electric energy — liners, merchantmen, tankers, tugs, and every other type of seagoing craft.Owners and masters alike praise the steady, dependable power — -the speed without vibration — the economy of operation — -the convenience of electric auxiliaries.Travelers have found new delight in the extraordinary comfort of electric propulsion and in the luxury of electric appliances.The all-electric ship — a complete mobile power plant and system of distribution— is largely the achievement of college-trained men who have supplementedtechnical theory with practical experience in the General Electric Company.Many of these engineers are now maintaining the prestige of General Electricnot only in marine electrification but in every other department of design andapplication. Others, newly graduated, are gaining, in the Company's Test Department, a training which will enable them to join the ranks of electrical leadershipon land and sea.95-881EGENERAL • ELECTRICNEWS OF THE CLASSESAND ASSOCIATIONSWith Yesterday's Marshallsand AidesEverybody wonders what happens to the bigmen and women on campus when they have leftthese Gothic walls. To satisfy this naturalcuriosity your editor has done a little desultoryinvestigating. We wish we could print in entirety the notes we have received from some ofour friends, but space limits us to the followingbrief synopsis of news from Marshalls andAides of the classes of '18, '23, '24, '26, and '29.We will be delighted to hear from other yearsfor subsequent numbers.1918 — Eloise B. Cram has made an intensivestudy of the parasitic diseases of the bobwhitequail. The results of her research comprise 67pages of a volume on the bobwhite quail, whichhas been published by a group of public-spiritedsportsmen. Last year Miss Cram spent twomonths in England, attending two internationalscientific congresses, where she presented herreport on this study.1923 — Livingston Hall is in the United StatesDistrict Attorney's office in the southern districtof New York. He married Elizabeth Blodgett,of New York, a year ago, and is now rejoicingin the arrival of Thomas Livingston, bornAugust 14. *** Alma Cramer is still doing socialservice work as executive secretary of the Children's Scholarship League in Chicago. Shemarried Ogden Livermore in 1928. Not onlydid Mrs. Livermore divulge this informationabout herself, but was kind enough to let usknow about the following people. *** AliceLarson is secretary to Mr. Ericson, editor ofthe art deptartment of the Daily News. *** AnnaGwin Pickens is on the faculty of the FaulknerSchool for Girls. *** Signe W ennerblad is married to Luther Tatge and has one daughter,Dayne, born November, 1928. *** Ruth Galinskyis married to Harold Levy, an attorney, andlives in Chicago.1924. — Henry J. Ricketts finished a two yearinterneship at the University of PennsylvaniaHospital in July and married Miss Franks ofPhiladelphia on the first of August. He is nowassistant resident physician at Billings Hospital.1926 — Thomas Robert Mulroy has just completed three exciting years in Washington wherehe has been law assistant in the office of theLegislative Counsel for the U. S. Senate. Hiswork has involved drafting of bills, writing ofcommittee reports, preparing of non-partisan"legal" speeches. He reports that the experiencehas been extremely colorful and stimulating.One of its enjoyable phases was the opportunityfor travel in the six weeks vacation granted hisdepartment. Trips to the Canal Zone and Westcoast, and the Baltic Sea made pleasant interruptions to satisfying work. Mr. Mulroy isnow connected with the firm of Defrees, Buckingham, Jones and Hoffman, 105 S. LaSalle,Chicago. His successor in Washington is Allen Heald, '26, formerly acting alumni secretary.Mr. Heald won the position from a number ofcompetitors, including two Ph.D.'s. It is a highlydesirable post.1929 — Bob McKinlay spent the first summerafter commencement "laying the foundation ofhis career," working with a paving repair gangon Torrence Avenue, which has never reallyrecovered since. The years between have beenspent in law school on the campus where, sayshe, as he approaches his seventh year on theMidway, he feels more and more that time haspassed while he remains. He plans "to join.the rest of the gang in the race with starvation.on LaSalle street" very soon.College1867Jabez T. Sunderland, D.B. '70, has moved toAnn Arbor, Michigan, to make his home withhis son, who teaches in the law department ofthe University there.1897William O. Wilson, after completing a fouryear term as attorney general at Cheyenne,Wyoming, took a four months vacation with hiswife and daughter, traveling in the Mediterranean region for half that time. At Luxor,Egypt, he was much interested in seeing theUniversity of Chicago building, where the menfrom the Midway are working out the secretsof the ancient hieroglyphs. Upon his return,Mr. Williams resumed his law practice at theMajestic Building, Cheyenne. Mr. Williams isalso President of the National Association ofAttorneys General. *** Joseph Norwood hasproved at last that a college education pays.Thirty-six years ago he used a play, "DoctorWespe" by Roderick Bendix, as a text in a German class. This spring he had the opportunityto use it again, when he read the title role andtranslated it for the use of the Columbia DramaGroup of Columbia, S. Car.Mrs. Edward Marsh Williams (EvangelinePollard) is head of the department of Englishin the high school of Oskaloosa, Iowa.Charles Klauber and his family have returnedfrom a fourteen months stay in Europe whereone of their pleasantest experiences was meetingProf. Camillo VonKlenze, former professor ofGerman literature at the U. of C.1902Mrs. E. J. Logan (Edith Jenkins) spent thesummer traveling in England. *** AlexanderP. Thomas is superintendent of the Street De-34THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 35 — JOHN HANCOCK SERIES If you are not here to see themthrough CollegeWe have a plan which will makepossible the completing of yourchildren's education.JLhe new John Hancock FamilyIncome Provision, which can be applied to old or new standardJohn Hancock Life or Endowment policies of $5000 or more, guarantees your family, if you are not here to see them through, anannual income of 12 percent of the amount of your life insuranceuntil the children are of age. Then the full amount of the life insurance is paid to your estate or beneficiary.This Family Income Provision is available under three plans:the 20-year plan, where the children are very young; the 15-yearplan, where they are older and their period of dependency shorter;the 10-year plan, where the children have reached their "teens"and a still shorter period of family income will be needed.Talk to a John Hancock representative or, if you prefer, writefor our descriptive booklet, "Income for the Family," to assist youin selecting the plan which is best adapted to your family needs.of Boston, MassachusettsJohn Hancock Inquiry Bureau, 197 Clarendon Street, Boston, Mass.Please send me your booklet, "Income for the Family."Name • Address A. G. OVER SIXTY-EIGHT YEARS IN BUSINESS 36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpartment of the Commonwealth Edison Company.1904Mrs. Nina D. Hess, ex, sends news that herfour children are in four different colleges atpresent, but that she hopes to have at least twoof them at Chicago before very long. Her stepdaughter, (Mrs. Michael J. Callohan Ji6) isnow living in Parlin, N. J.1905Mrs. Clarence Baum (Rhue Myrtle Miller)is vice-president of the child welfare association of her community. She is one of the mostactive women in Danville in civic affairs.1906Mrs. Justus Egbert (Irene Engle) was recently elected to the presidency of the BuffaloBranch of the American Association of University Women. *** Frederic W. Luehring willcoach the athletes of the University of Pennsylvania this year.1908A. Beth Hostetter is dean of women at FrancesShimer this year.1909Roy Smith is professor of Kobe CommercialUniversity, a government institution at Kobe,Japan. *** Leo J. Levinger has returned froma trip through Palestine with his wife (ElmaEhrlich, ex 'io) and their three children. Hewill continue his work as director of the B'naiB'rith Hillel Foundation at Ohio State University and teach in the philosophy department.The Levingers are a writing family, it seems, —Mrs. Levinger was awarded the Stratford Publishing Company's $2,000.00 prize for her novel,"Grapes of Canaan," which appeared inAugust, and Mr. Levinger's "History of theJews in the United States" is now in its secondedition.1910Mrs. Karl Hale Dixon (Esther Hall, ex 'io)has been engaged in her spare moments withthe task of raising a million dollar endowmentfund for the American Library Association. Uponcompleting the drive, the sum was matchedby an educational foundation. Aside from raising millions, Mrs. Dixon raises two sons anda husband in the salubrious air of Evanston.*** Bernard Sobel has turned from the positionof assistant professor of English at Purdue tothat of general press agent for Florenz Ziegfeld.He has been writing for Bookman and TheatreArts Quarterly. *** M. Florence Lawson, assistant professor of physical education at theUniversity of Illinois, acted as chairman ofher department during the summer session.1911Heiki Hishinuma is dean of Kobe collegeat Kobe, Japan. Mr. Hishinuma recently married Miss Ko Okujo, who studied at ScarrettCollege, Nashville, Tenn. *** Vera L. Moyer islibrarian at Redstone High School, at Republic, Pa. *** Cyrus LeRoy Baldridge left for Persiain August, where he plans to stay a year, doinga book in collaboration with his wife, CarolineSinger, for Henry Holt and Company.1914Senator Arthur R. Robinson was guest ofhonor at a meeting of University of ChicagoAlumni in the Philippines in June. Among thewell-known Philippine alumni present wasConrado Benitez, '11, A.M. '12, who presentedthe message of the alumni of the islands to theSenate. *** Chester C. McCown has returnedto his position as Dean of the Pacific School ofReligion, Berkeley, Cal. Dr. McCown has beenworking with Dr. C. S. Fisher as joint-directorof excavations at Jerash, Transjordan. So manyimportant new discoveries have been made atJerash that it has been called the "Pompeii ofthe Near East."1915Mrs. Barnett Fogel is doing social servicework with the Court of Domestic Relations inChicago.1916Adolph Knoll is on the editorial staff of theJournal of Police Science, Chicago. *** Mrs. A.S. Gans (Ethel Jacobs) finds raising her 19months old son a real career. She writes thatshe is trying to overcome the depression withhome economics. *** H. P. Saunders, ex '16, isCommandant of Cadets at New Mexico MilitaryInstitute. Mr. Saunders is married and hastwo daughters, Elyse, seven, and Sue, four.1917Lucy Williams is state chairman of the fellowship committee of the Illinois State Divisionof the American Association of UniversityWomen. The fund which this organization israising, thirty to forty thousand dollars, isnamed in honor of Marion Talbot. *** Mrs.Julius A. Johnson (Ruth Carlson) returned thissummer from a seven months stay in Viennawhere Mr. Johnson has been studying. Elizabeth Ann, their two year old daughter, accompanied her parents. *** Mrs. H. C. Burke(Barbara Sells) is chairman of a woman's clubradio half hour program three times a week.*** Zoe E. Thralls has recently published abook, Geography in the Elementary School,written for teachers by teachers. It representsthe modern approach to geography.1918J. E. Wheeler, ex, is manager of the branchesof the National City Bank of New York inthe Dominican Republic. *** B. Confrey, A.M.'21, has been dean of the Catholic Universityof America at Washington, D.C. ever since receiving his Ph.D. there. *** A. O. Brungardtrecently spent three months on the continentmaking an industrial survey. Upon his returnhe was appointed director of research of theWalworth Co., Boston.ALUMNI PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORYACCOUNTANTS INSURANCEARTHUR J. GOLDBERG '23Arthur J. Goldberg & Co.Certified Public Accountantsioo N. LaSalle St. Central 9590 C. F. AXELSON, '07Chartered Life UnderwriterREPRESENTINGThe Northwestern Mutual Life Ins. Co.209 So. LaSalle St. Tel. State 0633*BIOLOGICAL SUPPLIESPresident, C. Blair Coursen '22General Biological Supply House761-763 East 69th Place, ChicagoDorchester 3700BROKERSFARNUM, WINTER & CO.120 West Adams St. Randolph 8910New York Stock Exchange, Chicago Board of Trade,Chicago Stock ExchangeJames M. Sheldon '03 Paul E. Gardner '13HARRY C. WATTS & CO., Inc.INVESTMENT -:- SECURITIES39 So. LaSalle St. Rand. 7804Harry C. Watts, *n Pres.Ralph W. Stansbury, '14STANSBURY & CO.Investment Securities105 W. Adams St. Cent. 7762CLEANERS AND DYERSBIRCK-FELLINGER COMPANYExclusive Cleaners and Dyers of RecognizedAbility, Service and Responsibility200 East Marquette RoadTelephone Wentworth 5380Edwin H. Fellinger '28COALWRIGHT & COMPANY-: COAL :-Main Office 407 So. Dearborn Street, ChicagoKenneth M. Wright '24 Phone Wabash 5028ENGINEERSJudson S. Tyley, '18 Secy.E. H. Ward & Company, fnc.Engineers of Tests608 South Dearborn St. BRADLEY W. DAVIES '27Insurance in All BranchesSpecializing in Life and Accident175 W. Jackson Blvd.Wabash 3000 Res. Fairfax 9324ELLSWORTH E. HOFFSTADT '24INSURANCEIn All Its Branches1lbABttJ(, Faixfax72001 1 80 E. 63rd Street Fairfax 53 53LITHOGRAPHINGL. C. MEAD *2i E. J. CHALIFOUX '22PHOTOPRESS, INC.Planograph — Offset715 So. LaSalle St. PrintingHarrison 3624MUSICIANSPhone Fairfax 73 10RAYMOND A. SMITH, '18_ 513° Kenwood Ave.PIANIST AND ACCOMPANISTArranger STETSON SINGERSMale QuartetteAvailable for Banquets, Clubs, ConcertsRADIO), Inc.The Chicago Daily News Bi-oadcasting StationOfficial Radio Station ofThe University of ChicagoREAL ESTATEJ. Alton Lauren, '19J. Alton Lauren and Co.139 N. Clark St. Randolph 2068RUGS AND CARPETSTOBEY FURNITURE CO.200 N* Michigan AvenueOriental RugsDomestic Carpets and RugsEdw. P. Bezazian, '25 State 430038 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1919K. A. Hansen, A.M., and Mrs. Hansen (VeraSonecker,) have moved to Salt Lake City, whereMr. Hansen is manager of the Bond Department of the Continental National Bank. *** O.D. Zimring is director of the Labor Bureau ofChicago.1920Mrs. Louis Wirth (Mary Bolton) is a caseworker for the United Charities. *** BernardC. MacDonald is head of the St. Louis Company bearing his name.1921Wendell S. Brooks, A.M., is president of In-termountain Union College, at Helena, Montana. He proudly reports that Wendell, Jr.,was one of two eighth graders chosen to represent Montana in the educational tests inWashington, in July.1922Mrs. Leonard A. Dilther (Mina Morrison)is living in Pasadena. *** John J. George, Jr.,received his doctor's degree at the University ofMichigan in 1928, and is now assistant professor of political science at Rutgers. ***Maurice DeKoven is assistant U. S. Attorney inNew York. *** H. Councill Trenholm, '22,A.M. '25, has been president of State Teachers'College, Montgomery, Alabama, since August1925. In the course of his administration manyhonors have come to him, — presidency at theAlabama State Teachers' Association, membership on the Southern Interracial Commission,editorship of the "Yearbook on Negro Educationin Alabama, 1930-31." *** Washington StrotherDearmont, A.M. '22, is Dean of the Collegeof Education, Southwestern Louisiana Institute,Lafayette, La.1923Mrs. Cecil L. Rew (Winifred Ridgley) iskeeping house and raising her one year olddaughter, while Mr. Rew teaches French at theUniversity of Illinois. *** Mrs. J. L. Nelson(Dorothy Merritt) is "mother of two children,housewife, substitute teacher in the AlhambraCity Schools, and a maker of puppets." Mr.Nelson, ex '23, is head of the physical educationdepartment of the Robert Louis Stevenson juniorhigh in Los Angeles. *** Lydia L. Grabbe,A.M., is associate professor of Latin at BallState Teachers' College, Muncie, Ind. *** MarionNormington, A.M., directs home economics workat West Texas State Teachers' College.1924Irwin Fischer spent last summer in ParisStudying music. He is a member of the American Conservatory of Music Faculty. *** Gladstone H. Teuell heads the department of secondary education at the University of Alabama.*** Dorothy G. Clark manages the Hyde ParkY.M.C.A. cafeteria. *** Mrs. S. G. Smith(Margaret Kuhns) is occupied keeping herhouse, garden and husband (Steadman G.Smith, L.L.B. '23) in order. 1925Walter Mac Peek is the author of a book onth6 boyhood of Washington, written especiallyfor boys. He is employed as educational director of the Boy Scout Council of the District ofColumbia. *** Winifred Wadsworth is livingin Greenwich Village and doing free lancewriting and art work. *** Elizabeth Colemanis in charge of the catalogue department of theDavenport public library. *** Irene Fagin writesthat she "visited the University of Chicago twodays this summer and was thrilled over itsdevelopment." Miss Fagin is now doing extension work for the University of California atOroville, Cal. *** Erol N. Coade has accepted aposition as assistant professor of physics atDePaul University. He has been engaged inresearch at the Northern Electric Co., in Montreal. *** Clyde U. Phillips is superintendentof schools in Harp, Kansas. *** Robert A.Lundy, who has been supplying the OquossocUnion Church in Maine this summer, reportssadly that the fishing has been only fair thissummer. *** R. S. Campbell S.M. '29, is stillengaged in range research with the U. S. ForestService, with winter headquarters at Tucson.1926Seward O. Covert is editor of the ClevelandTrust Monthly, a publication of the ClevelandTrust Company. *** Rebecca E. Hey is teaching at Calumet High School, Chicago. *** HenryM. Geisman reports that after a tour of NewEngland and New York State, which includedvisits to Yale, Harvard, and Columbia, he stillthinks that the University of Chicago has moreto be proud of in point of beauty. When notinspecting other Universities Mr. Geisman represents the R. Cooper Jr., General Electric Refrigerator Distributors. *** Mrs. Russell Wise(Winifred Williams) teaches French in theSunset Hill High School, Kansas City. ***Isabel Laska Southworth is at the University ofMadrid, studying Spanish in preparation forcollege teaching. *** Ruth E. Wentworth issecretary to the Dean of medical students atthe University of Chicago. *** Georgia Robinson, A.M. '29, is studying in Paris thisyear, doing research in the French Revolutionaryperiod of history. Her foreign address is: 4Rue de Chevreuse, Paris, France. *** Mrs.Kenneth A. Wells (Jeannette A. Baldwin, '26)is now living at 5348 Glenwood Avenue, Chicago. *** Mrs. Milton Gerwin (Dorothy Grosby,'26) is teaching third grade at Willard Elementary School, Chicago. Her new address is 5528Hyde Park Boulevard, Chicago. *** Mrs. J.Vernon Edlin (Anita Brawson, '26) teachesfourth grade at the Revere School, Chicago. ***Sylvia Maretz is a kindergarten teacher atColman School, Chicago.1927Grace Geer is business manager of the International City Managers Association. ***Melvin L. Welke has accepted the position ofminister of the People's Church in Cedar Rapids,Iowa. *** D. K. Yang is assistant professor ofphysics, Yenching University, Peiping, China.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 39SEEDS (Wholesale)OSTBERG SEED CO.Wholesale Seeds7701 Woodlawn Ave. Phone Dorchester 0314SCHOOLSTHE FAULKNER SCHOOL FOR GIRLSA Day School for Girls of All AgesPrepares Its Graduates for All Collegesand UniversitiesThe College Board Examinations AreGiven at the School4746 Dorchester Ave. Tel. Oakland 1423SIGNSFEDERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYNeon, All Types Electric SignsW. D. Krupke, T9225 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, 111. SPORTING GOODSRAY WHITE, Inc.Athletic EquipmentComplete Golf and Tennis Supplies28 East Jackson Blvd.Harrison 3437 Ray White, '16TRAVELFor Reservations, Tickets, All Steamship Linesand Travel OrganizationsLESTER F. BLAIRTravel Service Bureau— University of Chicago5758 Ellis Ave. Phones Midway 0800 and Plaza 3858WAREHOUSE LOCATIONSFACTORY AND WAREHOUSELOCATIONS, INC.35 E. Wacker DriveJ. C. Erickson Huntington B. Henry, '06BUSINESS DIRECTORYAUTO SERVICEENGLEWOOD 0280CHICAGO AUTO SERVICE COMPANYComplete Auto Service Specializes In All MakesEverything For the Cari| 436 East 63rd Street, Chicago CEMENT WORKLet Us Do Your Cement WorkC. L. GUNGGOLL COMPANYConcrete Contractors for 30 Years6417 So. Park Ave.Normal 0434 Phones Wentworth 1799Hartland Garage57th and Cottage GroveSERVICE ALL CARSBatteries - Tires - Gas - Oil - StorageHYDE PARK 6816UNIVERSITY SERVICE STATION5701 Cottage Grove AvenueTEXACO GAS TEXACO ETHYL GASHigh Pressure Greasing by Experienced MenTire Service, Battery Service and Electric RepairingPhone Hyde Park 0103AWNINGSPHONES OAKLAND 0690—0691—0692The Old ReliableHYDE PARK AWNING CO., Inc.Awnings and Canopies for All Purposes4508 Cottage Grove AvenueCEMENT WORKEMIL O. HANSELCEMENT CONTRACTORFloors Our Specialty824 Wrightwood Ave. Phone Bittersweet 2259 W. J. SCHUMACHER6147 University Ave. Phone Hyde Park 5840Plastering, Mason and Cement Repairs, Expert Chimneyand Boiler Mason -Work, Brick and Stone BuildingsCleaned, Pointing, Draft ExpertCOAL5900 STEWART 3952AUBURN COAL & MATERIAL CO.COAL- COKE- BUILDING MATERIAL7443 So. Racine Ave. ChicagoALL PHONES ENGLEWOOD 2606Our Yards Cover the Entire CityHeritage Coal CompanyMain Office 101-33 East 63rd StreetCorner Michigan Blvd., ChicagoJ. J. HERITAGE, PresidentEMPLOYMENTReliable HELP FurnishedOffice, Technical, Domestic, Factory, Hotel,Restaurant No Charge to EmployerGROVE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE852 E. 63rd St. Phone MID. 363640 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE*** John J. Yarkovsky is one of those doing hisbit toward international understanding. AsPastor of Mizpah Congregational Church ofCleveland, he preaches in English and Bohemian, and carries on a program of social workamong the children and young people of hisparish. In addition he is editor of theBohemian-English monthly, Jiskry (The Sparks).An interesting trip came his way recently, whenhe was sent as a delegate from the BohemianProtestants of America to attend the 150thAnniversary celebration of the Patent of Toleration in Bohemia. This commemorated the occasion when Bohemian Protestants were grantedtoleration and freedom from persecution. ***Earl F. Zeigler, A.M., is the author of a handbook for religious educators called TowardUnderstanding Adults. *** Mrs. F. M. Pagan(Stella Millan, A.M. '29) is assistant professorof botany at the University of Porto Rico. ***Evangeline Pollard Williams is a cataloguerin the library of the University of Cincinnati.*** Clara Belle King, A.M., acts as head ofthe English department of the East ChicagoPublic Schools. *** A. C. Senour, A.M., andHomer L. Reeves, A.M., are also doing educational work in this school system. *** Dwight M.Cochran, formerly member of the Alumni Council, is now associated with the Kroger Groceryand Baking Co. of Cincinnati. *** Leonore Ovittis a continuity writer for J. Walter ThompsonCompany. *** James G. Ayres is physical anthropologist at the Institute for Juvenile Research, Chicago. *** Herman J. Offer ispurchasing agent for the U. S. Duplicator Company of Chicago. He received his J.D. degreefrom Northwestern Law School in June. ***Richard Hoiland is with the Baptist Publication Society, as director of young people's work.*** Frank Byrne spent the summer in Wyomingon a scientific expedition. *** Paul M. Cook,A.M. is national executive secretary of thePhi Delta Kappa, professional education fraternity, and editor of the Phi Delta Kappan, abimonthly professional journal. He says, "Mywork involves some travel to our chapters andto national gatherings of Educators. This occasional diversion from the regular office workis much enjoyed as it makes it possible for meto see many of the former students of the Schoolof Education." His headquarters are at 1180East 63rd Street, Chicago. *** Stanley S. Newman, 27, A.M. '28, has been granted a SterlingResearch Fellowship at Yale for research inresidence. Mr. Newman's field is that of thepsychological aspects of linguistics.1929Agnes E. Kerr is teaching in the South Haven,Mich., high school. *** Anna E. Lerbak is amissionary nurse with the Methodist Episcopalchurch at Sandoa, Belgian Congo. *** DorothyAlvord is to be secretary at the Girl Scout Headquarters in Evanston, 111., this year. ***Edwarda J. C. Williams is teaching Englishin the Shorewood High School, Milwaukee. ***Katherine Stoll spent the summer with theTravel Guild's Houseparty Tour abroad. ***Helen Ash, student at the Chicago Academyof Fine Arts, received notable praise for her work in the Academy Student Show in June.Critics said that "her work has a vigor whichdistinguishes it" among the other moderns. ***Thomasine Allen, A.M., is in charge of women'sevangelistic work in northern Japan, withheadquarters at Morioka. *** Harriet Lemonis doing research work for J. Walter ThompsonCompany. *** Edith Adams and Louise Sykesare student nurses at Michael Reese Hospital,Chicago. *** J. E. A. Hopkins is chemist andrubber technicologist for the St. Clair RubberCompany, in production control and development work.1930Agnes Bruder is directing the Stevens Hotel'snew department for women's organizations.The object of this department is "to consult withand assist committees in striving to give individual expression best suited to each group."***Suzanne Kern is hostess at the NationalBroadcasting Company. *** M. Adrienne Taylor is teaching geography at Florida State College for Women. *** Viola D. Somerville doessecretarial and editorial work for the International City Managers' Association. *** EthelVirginia Patton is doing secretarial work forBatton, Barton, Durstine and Osburne. *** LucileHoerr Charles was dramatic counsellor at thenational camp for the Y. W. C. A. at Poland,Maine, this summer, and plans to continuedramatic work throughout the winter at LenoxHill Settlement House, N. Y. C. *** Virginia M.Pope is living at The Beatrice, and doinggraduate work in the English department atthe University. *** Joseph L. Duflat, A.M., ishead of the department of sociology at WestTexas State Teachers' College. *** Winifred D.Broderick teaches social science at Ahrens TradeHigh School in Louisville, Ky. *** Herbert B.Gaston, A.M., is resident surgeon at the Florence Crittenden Hospital, Detroit. *** MarthaMae Hunter is assistant national director ofnutrition service for the American Red Cross.*** Ruth McNeil began her work as head ofthe piano and organ department of the University of Mississippi in September. *** E. T. Smith,A. M., is director of the department of secondary education at the State Teachers' college atStevens Point, Wis. *** Eva Ploeger is superintendent of young people's work of HolstonConference, Chattanooga, Tenn. *** Sara LouiseFowler and her sister spent the summer traveling in Europe. Miss Fowler teaches kindergarten in Lancaster, Wis. *** Doris Dennison,A.M., is director of religious education at Pilgrim Church, Oak Park. *** Harriet DeanHathaway is writing radio continuity for J.Walter Thompson Advertising Company, Chicago. *** Agnes Spoerer is assisting the editorof a dictionary at Scott, Foresman and Company. *** Dorothy Carter, '29, and Frances Carrwere recently seen riding in state through Central Park, New York, in a brougham, or perhapsit was a surrey, driven by a gentleman in agenuine high silk hat.i93iErma Hearn and Jeanne Grooters are teaching in Ann Arbor this year. *** Esther Donnelly "has joined the rest of the senior class"THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 4iFLOWERSQberg's Flower ShopFLOWERS WIRED THE WORLD OVERTelephones: Fairfax 3670-36711461-63 East 57th St.HARDWAREHENRY T. HANSEN935 East 55th StreetPaint — Hardware — Cutlery — ToolsHardware Phone Midway 0008Radios and Expert Radio ServiceRadio Service Phone Midway 0009HOTELSHOTEL SHORELAND55th Street at the Lake Phone Plaza 1000Cordially invites you to make use of ourunusual facilities for dinners, dances, andluncheons. Menu suggestions and pricesgladly furnishedINSURANCECHILDS & WOODINSURANCE UNDERWRITERSTelephone Us When You Have AnyQuestions About Special Coverage1 75 W. Jackson Blvd. Phone Wabash 1180LAUNDRYFidelity Morgan Service, Inc."Better Laundry Work"Branch 1015 East 61st StreetPhone Calumet 1906LIGHTINGStudio and Display Rooms Tel. Superior 5381-2Henkel & Best Co.439 North Michigan AvenueDesigners and Manufacturers ofArtistic Lighting Fixtures PAINTINGEstablished 1851 Incorporated 1891Geo. D. Milligan CompanyPainting and Decorating Contractors616 S. Wabash 4ve. Tel. Har. 0761PLASTERINGMONAHAN BROS., Inc.CONTRACTING PLASTERERS201 North Wells StreetPhone Central 4584RIDINGMidway Riding Academy6037 Drexei AvenueExpert InstructorsBeautiful Bridle Path and Good HorsesUniversity of Chicago Riding HeadquartersMidway 9571 Phone Dorchester 8041TAILORSPhone Central 6801 8 So. Michigan Avenue, ChicagoAnderson & Christian©, Inc*TAILORSDesigners and Makers of Smart Riding Clothes for Menand WomenSTORAGEAsk Our AdviceMOVING— PACKING— STORAGE— SHIPPINGThe Murray Warehouse &Van Co.6314 University Ave.Hyde Park 8067 Phones Chicago, IllinoisMidway 8067Peterson Storage CompanyStorage - Moving - Packing - ShippingBaggage, and Freight to All Stations1011-13 East 55th StreetPhones: Midway 9700-Hyde Park 0452PaulH. Davis, '11Ralph W. Davis, '16 Herbert I. Markham, Ex. '06Walter M. Giblin, '23Paal RDavls &6o*MembersNEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGECHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE37 South LaSalle StreetTelephone Franklin 8622CHICAGO UNIVERSITYCOLLEGEThe downtown department of The University of Chicago, 18 S. Michigan Avenue,wishes the Alumni of the University andtheir friends to know that it offersEvening, Late Afternoon and Saturday ClassesTwo-Hour Sessions Once or Twice a WeekCourses Credited Toward University DegreesAutumn, Winter and Spring QuartersThe Winter Quarter begins Jan. 4, 1932Registration period, Dec. 28'Jan. 3.For Information, AddressDean C. F. Huth, University College,University of Chicago, Chicago, 111.43 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE*A 0ft ©eluxeA Set of U. of C.CommemorativeSpode Plateswith twelve differentviews of UniversityBuildingsOnly $15.00The first Edition of 1400 dozen isexhausted. The second Edition of 300dozen has just arrived from England.If you want a set before the holidays, please send your order atonce to theU. of C. BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis Ave. and is working in the Press building at theUniversity, in the cashier's office. *** George O.Seiver, A.M., is assistant professor of Frenchat Grinnell College. *** John Holt, but recentlyreturned from a round the world trip, has setoff again, this time as an official member ofthe Sherwood Eddy expedition to Russia. ***Jean Laird is teaching Latin and English atMazon Township high school, 111. *** JeanneAlvord is teaching mathematics at the highschool at Marion, Arkansas. *** James Scheiblerhas recently been honored by election to thepresidency of his Sunday School, in Memphis.Mr. Scheibler is in the laundry business.*** John M. Stalnaker, '26, A.M. '28, on leaveof absence from Purdue University, is directing a survey of attitudes towards intercollegiateathletics for a committee appointed by PresidentCoffman of the University of Minnesota. ***Agustin Panares, A.M., is assistant principalof Cebu High School, Cebu, P. I. *** WhatMakes up the World, the story of chemistry, byElizabeth LeMay Hayes, and Ho<w the Worldis Changing, the story of geology, by EdithHeal, were among the fall publications of theThomas S. Rockwell Company, Chicago. ***Dorothy Hardt has resigned her position in theEnglish department at the University and isnow assistant chemist with the Sanitary Districtof Chicago. *** Lester Beall is engaged in advertising art work in his studio at 338 NorthMichigan Avenue, Chicago. *** Florence E.Carman, A.M., is head of the Bible Departmentat Baptist Missionary Training School, Chicago.*** Aimee Graham recently resigned her position as personnel director of Eli Lilly & Company of Indianapolis, one of the largest pharmaceutical houses in the country, and has beenspending the last two months visiting friends inLondon and Paris.Doctors of Philosophy1895C. H. Gordon, organizer and head of thegeology department at the University of Tennessee, retired this fall from active teaching, withthe title of Emeritus Professor of geology. Dr.Gordon has been one of the moving spirits inscientific advance in the south for twenty-fiveyears- 1899_John Anthony Miller is director of the SproulObservatory and research professor of astronomyat Swarthmore College.1902In memory of Edwin Emory Slosson, Mrs.Slosson and her son have founded a scholarshipI enclose $15.00 (delivery free in U. S. A.) for a set of twelve U. of C. Spode Plates? Ship plates at once, or? Ship to arrive Name Address Date.Please mail to the U. of C. Bookstore, 5802 Ellis Ave., Chicago, 111.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 43at Kansas University, where Dr. Slosson received his bachelor's degree.1904David M. Robinson, '98, has just returnedfrom an expedition to Olynthus, in Macedonia,where he directed the excavation of an ancientcity, destroyed by Philip in 348, B.C. Twenty-seven houses have been dug up, and two cemeteries found and the graves opened. One ofthe most interesting finds was a number of pebblemosaics with mythological scenes pictured. SinceIvlr. Robinson's return he has given a series ofpublic lectures on ancient cities at Syracuse University. He is teaching at Johns Hopkins thisyear. 1914Wilmer C. Harris, '05, head of the historydepartment at Ohio University, spent the summerin Paris with his wife and three children. Heattended the Anglo-American historical conference in London as a delegate from his University,and has joined the Sherwood Eddy party forthe trip to Russia and Geneva.1917Helen Lord Hughes, '10, A.M. 'n, is chairmanof the department of English Literature andDean of graduate students at Wellesley College.*** Harold Dudley Clayberg, A.M. '14, is diplomat of the National Board of Medical Examiners, and assistant medical officer at theU. S. Indian Hospital at Tacoma, Wash.1919Elbert Russell is dean of the school of religion at Duke University.1921T. D. Brooks, A.M. '20, who is chairman ofthe school of education at Baylor University,Waco, Texas, has served as District Governorof Rotary this year for the 41st Texas District.*** H. L. Blomquist, '16, is professor of botanyat Duke University, working at present on theflora of North Carolina. *** Paul W. Terryrecently published a book on "Supervising Extracurricular Activities in the American SecondarySchool."1923T. H. Bissonnette plans to spend the nextacademic year on sabbatical leave from TrinityCollege at Cambridge University. There he willcontinue his experiments on European starlings;his study of the effect of prolonged light periods (9,if you have a set of theCommemorative Plateshere is another GiftSuggestion aMaroon RobeOnly $5.95(By Mail $6.25)Size 60x80 Weight 3 1/2 lb.Colors: Maroon with Crest in WhiteJust right for the car. Suitable alsofor den or lounge. A limited numberavailable. Please fill out the couponprinted below and send to theU. of C. BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis Ave.I enclose $6.25 for a U. of C. Maroon Robe Postpaid? Ship Robe at once, or? Ship to arrive Name Address Date.Please mail to the U. of C. Bookstore, 5802 Ellis Ave., Chicago, 111.44 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEand different intensities and colors of light on thesexual cycle of the starling has revealed thatred light is highly stimulating. Mr. Bissonnettewill work at Dr. Marshall's Laboratory ofAnimal Nutrition at Cambridge. *** Jennie Tiltis president of the Florida branch of the American Association of University Women. *** R. O.Hutchison has been elected head of the mathematics department of Tennessee Polytechnic Institute.1925H. E. Bennet, '07, A.M. '23, is research andplanning manager of the American SeatingCompany of Grand Rapids. .*** Charles W.Morris has joined the faculty of the Universityas an associate professor of philosophy. Mr.Morris was at Rice Institute before.1926Harmon O. DeGraff heads the department ofsociology at the University of Akron. *** YuMing Hsieh is professor and chairman of thedepartment of physics, Yenching University,Peiping, China. *** Ching-Yueh Chang, '24, isresearch fellow for the Chinese Foundation forthe Promotion of Education and Culture, atNanking. *** Hilario A. Roxas has been appointed a Fellow of the Guggenheim Foundationand is leaving at the end of June for Germany.*** Francis Bradley is head of the German department at the University of South Carolina.*** Louis Wirth, '19, A.M. '25, of the departmentof sociology at the University, is president ofthe Society for Social Research. *** Erma A.Smith received her four year certificate fromRush this summer, and has returned to IowaState College where she is associate professorof physiology.1927Pearl Hogrefe is an associate professor atIowa State College, Ames, la. *** Orland O.Norris, A.M. '23, proves his versatility daily byteaching psychology, philosophy and Irish mythology at Michigan State Normal College,Ypsilanti. *** Francis R. Preveden has beenelected a Fellow of the American Association forthe Advancement of Science, in recognition of hisresearch in the science of language. *** KurtF. Leidecker is a research scholar and librarianin the International School of Vedic and AlliedResearch, N. Y. C, and lecturer and joint secretary of the India Academy of America.1928D. S. Garby has left his school and taken aposition in Northern State Teachers College atMarquette, Mich. *** C. C. Cruz manages theUniversity of the Philippines Natural and Applied Sciences Bulletin, wherein research activities of the University are published. *** MiltonB. Williams is Diocesan Missionary of the fourcounties of Saline, LaFayette, Carroll and Ray,in Missouri. *** Helen Fisher Hohman hasstarted work on preparing for the press a volumeon "British Social Insurance," which receivedthe first prize by the Hart, Schaffner and MarxPrize Essay Committee. Dr. Hohman finishedediting a volume of essays on population by thelate James A. Field, this summer. 1929Lloyd V. Moore, A.M. '28, professor of religionat the University of Tulsa, is working out acurriculum for the city's weekday church schools,in cooperation with a seminar of teachers at theUniversity. *** Paul Hardin Harmon, '25, M.D,'30, is interning at Johns Hopkins. *** GordonPall is lecturer in mathematics at McGill University.1930Harold H. Tucker is chief chemist for G.Laskin and Sons, fur dressers and dyers. ***William L. Duren, Jr., has left the Universityof Detroit, where he has been instructor inmathematics, to accept an assistant professorshipat Tulane University. *** Ernest Ray Shaw isassociated with Lionel Edie, economist for theAmerican Capitol Corporation.i93iR. W. Porter will teach psychology at theSouthern Louisiana Institute this year.DivinityIn MemoriamPaul A. Sornberger, A.M., '29, D.B., '30, whoheld a professorship in Central Philippine College, which is a mission school of the NorthernBaptist Convention, died suddenly and unexpectedly of an internal hemorrhage, June 23.Mr. Sornberger was a young man of greatpromise. Mrs. Sornberger was in charge of theExhibit and Source Material Room while herhusband was a student in the Divinity School.The annual meeting and luncheon of theAlumni and Former Students of the DivinitySchool was held in the Kansas City AthleticClub, Kansas City, Missouri, June 5, at thetime of the Northern Baptist Convention. Overone hundred guests were present. Professor E.E. Aubrey was the speaker of the occasion andwas given a hearty reception. The meeting waspresided over by Reverend E. A. Hanley, pastorof the Park Baptist Church, St. Paul, Minnesota.The necrology as prepared by Professor IraM. Price was read, as follows:1880: Charles Alexander McManis, B.D.Born, Winchester, Ohio, April 7, 1842. Died,Berwyn, Illinois, February 13, 1931. Baptistpastor in Middle West.1887: Edward Rufus Curry, B.D. Born,Windsor, Nova Scotia, November 15, 1858.Died, Bozeman, Montana, July 18, 1930. (Result of automobile accident.) Baptist pastor andstate secretary in Middle West.1898: Carl Delos Case, B.D., Ph.D., 1900.Born, Plainview, Minnesota, March 11, 1868.Died, Quincy, Illinois, January 25, 193 1. Baptistpastor, Buffalo and Middle West.The following officers were elected for thecoming year:President — Professor J. W. Bailey, BerkeleyDivinity School, Berkeley, California.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 45f ice-President — Reverend W. R. Yard, FirstBaptist Church, Marshalltown, Iowa.Secretary-Treasurer — Professor C. T. Holman,University of Chicago.Representatives of the Alumni Council — Reverend Franklin D. Elmer, Jr., First BaptistChurch, DeKalb, Illinois.Reverend J. H. Gagnier, First Baptist Church,Peru, Indiana.Dr. A. R. E. Wyant, 506 West Sixty-ninthSt., Chicago, Illinois.1895Edwin Stanton Stucker, B.Th., after severalbusy years as evangelist, missionary secretary,and pastor, is now giving considerable timeto some of the larger churches as pastor adinterim with an occasional engagement in Bibleconference or other special work. His permanent residence is at Ottawa, Kansas.1900Colonel J. E. Yates, D.B., chief of chaplainsof the United States Army, in his weekly bulletin of June 1, announces: "The American Institute of Sacred Literature, Chicago, has madeavailable to all who apply several articles intheir 'Why I Believe' series." Colonel Yatescommends them for use by Chaplains as ofunusual value.1917John F. C. Green, A.M., is pastor of theGerman Evangelical Protestant Church (Congregational), McKeesport, Pennsylvania, whichhas just successfully conducted a campaign tosecure pledges for a new building. The amountpledged was $65,000, which, added to the building fund raised previous to the present campaign, constitutes approximately %o per centof the estimated cost of a new building, whichis $100,000.i93iPhillip Johnson, A.M., recently resigned thepastorate of First Baptist Church, Moweaqua,Illinois, to accept the pastorate of the important Central Baptist Church, Quincy, Illinois.LawUniversity of Chicago Law School men turnedout in record numbers to attend their own luncheon assembly at the meeting of the AmericanBar Association at Atlantic City, Sept. 18. DeanBigelow not only reported on the current stateof the Law School and its affairs for the lastyear, but went into some detail about someprojects in which alumni might be of real assistance to the School. The volunteered responsehe met was most encouraging.Among those attending were: Clyde C. Col-well, LL.B. '06; Harold F. Hecker, J.D. '09;Robert L. Judd, LL.B. '10; J. C. Pryor, J.D. '10;Wm. P. MacCracken, '09, J.D. '12; H. GlennKinsley, J.D. '13; George M. Morris, J.D. '15;W. E. Stanley, '12, J.D. '14; H. W. Humble, >n,J.D. '16; Henry C. Shull, '14, J.D. >i6; DelvyT. Walton, J.D. '24; Alfred H. Highland, '28,J.D. '28; Albert L. Hopkins, '05, J.D. '09. literature looks at the frontierand makes a momentous record of it. Thisis a guide to that extraordinary group ofnovels about the American frontier fromGarland's "Son" to Ferber's "Cimarron."The Rediscovery ofthe Frontierby Percy Holmes Boynton$2.50" to make medicineintellectually respectable. ? ? "Six thoughtful and thought-provokingessays in which Dr. Cohn formulates apolicy for medicine.Medicine, Science,and Artby Alfred E. Cohn $4*00((nugae amatoriae"A rich interpretation of the poetry of theGoliards. With some superb translationsby Howard Mumford Jones.MedievalLatin Lyricsby Philip S. Allen $4*00sockdologer ? . ? helliferociousThe colorful words of early AmericanEnglish discussed by their contemporariesin some twenty heretofore inaccessibleessays.The Beginnings ofAmerican EnglishEdited by M. M. Mathews$2.50you may have . . . ^Pour complete catalogue for 193 1-32. for theasking.Name Address The University 0/ Chicago Press46 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEThe following Chicago men are on committeesof the Illinois Bar Association: Admissions ;Horace McDavid, J.D. 'n; John R. Cochran,LL.B. '04. Local Bar Organization: Carl E.Robinson, J.D. '14. New Members: AllenHeald, '26, J.D. '30. Classification and Revisionof Statutes: Willard L. King, '17, J.D. '17..Judicial Administration: O. L. McCaskill, '01,J.D. '06. Legislation: Thurlow G. Essington,J.D. '08; Herbert C. DeYoung, '25, J.D. '28.Legal Education: Paul M. O'Donnell, '08, J.D.'09; Clay Judson, J.D. '17. Professional Ethics:E. W. Hinton, University Faculty. UniformState Laws: Ernest Freund, University Faculty.Office Management: John R. Montgomery Jr.,J.D. '25. American Law Institute: W. D. Frey-burger, J.D. '10. Board of Governors: LairdBell, J.D. '07.1903E. H. Fleming, LL.B. has the modest task ofdeveloping 45,000 acres of Missouri land.1914Arthur L. Adams, '11, J.D. '14, is first assistantgeneral attorney for the State of Arkansas, withheadquarters at Jonesboro.1915W. S. Hefferan Jr., '13, J.D. '15, has beenelected secretary of the General American TankCar Corp., in addition to his position as generalattorney. Associated with him will be Leo F.Wormser, '04, J.D. '09, general counsel for thefirm. *** From Poland comes the following letterfrom Eileen Markley Znaniecka, J.D., who is"Lektorka of English" at the University ofPoznan: "I shall be in America next year. Myhusband has been invited to lecture at TeachersCollege in New York as visiting professor. Hisinterests take in about the whole world, and oncefor a change of scenery and thought he lecturedto a teachers summer school. The teachers demanded that the lectures be published and theMinistry of Education demanded that they beexpanded into a two or three volume treatise,which was done. Then a short resume appearedin the Journal of Sociology, which induced DeanRussell of Teachers College to come from Parisand invite him to New York for next year."All Poznan is grieved and suspicious thatmy husband insists on taking his wife and littledaughter with him. The usual course of visitingprofessors is otherwise. One person said to me:'I don't believe you will any of you ever comeback.' I replied: 'If I don't come back, it willbe a real catastrophe for Poland/ He openedhis eyes the size of saucers. Such an idea hadapparently never entered his head before. SoI had to explain: 'There may be other professors of sociology, but who is going to writegood English for you ?'"It seems my noble efforts to improve the output of English have not resounded throughoutthe country as they should have. The usual procedure is: Some one brings in a book or articlealready written in English, more often than notalready in print, and says: 'Will you be kindenough to look this over?' It always ends bymy rewriting the whole thing. I have become convinced that except for Conrad and my husband — oh yes, Prof. Malinowski in London — noPolish people write good English. And theyseem to think that they can ! ! ! ! Of course, compared to the way we write Polish, it is indeedquite passable. But that is another story.I don't say that I shall come to the meetingnext year. It is still a long way from New Yorkto Chicago. But at any rate, I shall feel muchnearer to you all, and perhaps some of you willbe in New York and hunt us up, c/o TeachersCollege."1919Forest D. Sieflein, J.D., is in the law department of the International Harvester Company.1922Dwight Green, '20, J.D. '22, has had a chance,as assistant district attorney, to help strafeChicago's gangsters. He has been active in theincome tax drive against them.1927Holland Holton, J.D., headed the summerschool of Duke University last summer. He isprofessor of history of education and legalphases of school administration.Social Service AdministrationFacultyEleanor Kimble, instructor in case work andassistant supervisor of field work in the Schoolfor the past two years has been appointed Director of the new School of Applied Social Sciencein the University of Denver. *** Dean EdithAbbott, Ph.D. '05, is the author of a new book,"Social Welfare and Professional Education,"published by the University of Chicago press.***_Dr. Hertha A. Kraus, Director of PublicWelfare in Koln, Germany, was a distinguishedvisitor to the School during the summer quarter.Dr. Kraus discussed in her lectures variousaspects of the social welfare movement in Germany, the German Youth Movement, and socialwork activities for the unemployed.*** AssistantProfessor Earl Dewey Myers, who has beenstudying in Germany for the last two years,specializing on the child welfare movement theresince the war, returned to the University forthe summer quarter. He will serve as an assistant professor in the Tulane University Schoolof Social Work in New Orleans this year. ***Associate Professor Elizabeth Dixon attendedthe meeting in Paris of the Executive Committeeof the International Association of Schools ofSocial Work.1918Florence E. Janson, '14, A.M. professor ofGovernment at Rockford College, is author of abook entitled "The Background of Swedish Immigration, 1840-1930," one of the new SocialService Monographs, issued by the EditorialBoard of the Social Service Review.1924Mrs. F. M. Brandenburg (Stella Clorinne McCulloch, '24,) is director of the Bureau for theNEWS OF THE CLASSESRegistration of Social Statistics of the ChicagoRegion by the Council of Social Agencies.1930Paul Warnshuis, A.M., is now in charge of thePresbyterian Social service work for the RockyMountain region. Mr. Warnshuis was the author of one section of the last report of theNational Commission on Law Observance andLaw Enforcement. The volume, called "Crimeand Criminal Justice in Relation to the Foreign-born," was largely prepared at the School hereby various graduate students and research assistants, under the direction of Dean Edith Abbott. *** Mrs. M. W. Decker (Mary Phillips,'30) is on the medical social service staff atMichael Reese Hospital. *** Harold M. Vaughn,ex, is director of the Tulsa County WelfareBoard. *** Mary Grace Brubaker, ex, is a visiting teacher in the city schools of Portland, Oregon. *** Robert Beasley, ex, is director of theClearing House for Unemployed Homeless Menby the Council of Social Agencies. *** AmyBrent, ex, is director of the statistical and research division for the Milwaukee AssociatedCharities.i93iNatalia Greensfelder, '22, A.M., is director ofSocial Service at the Chicago Bureau of PublicWelfare. *** Gertrude Runyon, A.M., is psychiatric social worker at the Institute forJuvenile Research. *** Marian G. Simons isengaged in social work in Tokyo-Fu, Japan.*** Dora Goidstine, '26, A.M., is a medical socialworker at the Presbyterian Hospital in NewYork. *** Blanche Ferguson, A.M., is a visiting teacher in the Denver Public Schools. ***Eula Belle Orr, A.M., is a visiting teacher inRacine, Wis.Chicago Alumnae ClubOpen hour swimming classes for members ofthe University of Chicago Alumnae club haverecently been arranged through the courtesyof Miss Gertrude Dudley, director of women'sphysical education. The Ida Noyes pool willbe open to the alumnae during the regular freehour swimming periods. The fall schedule isas follows:Wednesdays and Fridays 9 - 12 ; 1 - 5 ; Mondays and Tuesdays 4:30-5; Thursday evenings7:30-8:15.Requirements for entrance into these informalclasses are as follows: Membership in the University of Chicago Alumnae Club; Ten centlinen fee for each swim; Fifty cent fee for eachquarter.FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: HarrietDean Hathaway, c/o J. Walter ThompsonCompany, 410 North Michigan Boul. Superior0303.EngagementsWilliam Weddell, '29, to Helen Tate. Mr.Weddell was head cheer leader and prominentin campus affairs in his undergraduate days.Charles Philip Miller, Jr., S.B. '18, M.D. '18, toFlorence Lowden, daughter of Governor Lowden. ^ound-up andTie-upNearly three-fourths of the meatanimals of the United States areraised west of the Mississippi;about 70 per cent of the meat consumers live east of the great river.Between the grasslands and feed-lots and the housewife's marketbasket lie hundreds, sometimesthousands, of miles.To shorten this gap is the function of Swift & Company. In milesit cannot be shortened. Thegrower is entitled to a nationalmarket and the consumer tocountry-wide supply. In time, inconvenience and in cost, it can beand is being shortened.Fifty-five thousand Swift employes everywhere are constantlyengaged in making the tie-up ofthe farm and ranch with thedining-room. To speed their services, Swift & Company has morethan forty packing plants in producing areas, over 400 branchhouses and a multitude of carroutes which reach retailers inthousands of cities and towns.Purchase, processing, refrigeration, transportation, selling, delivery and collection are inescapable in any system of nationalmeat marketing. Somebody hasto do all these things and Swift& Company does the job economically. Out of every dollar itreceives from retailers for beef andby-products it returns 85 cents, onthe average, to the cattle raiser.The remaining 15 cents covers allexpenses and leaves a modestprofit.Swift & Company profits fromall sources, over a long term ofyears, have averaged less than ahalf cent a pound.Swift & CompanyPurveyors of fine foods48 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMarriagesMargaret M. Bellyea, S.M. '12, to ThomasJ. Wilson, June 6, 193 1, at Chicago. At home,6541 Kimbark Avenue.Margaret MacDonald, '17, to John C. Doorty,at Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. Doorty are spending the year abroad.D. E. Hoopingarner, J.D. '21, to Ann FrancesMilner, at Offenbach-on-Main, Germany, August 10, 193 1. At home, Seneca Hotel, Chicago.Rex E. Graber, '21, M.D. '23, to Lois E.Howard of Wells, Minnesota, July 24, 1931.Henry T. Ricketts, '24, to Madeline LatimerFranks, August 1, 193 1, at Rose Valley, Penna.At home, 5805 Dorchester Avenue, Chicago.Jane Cannell, '25, to Dr. Joseph E. Wheeler,June 20, 193 1, at Rockford, 111. At home, Jefferson Barracks, Mo.Frederick Byington, '26, to Virginia Roberts,June 20, 193 1. At home, 6135 N. Hoyne Ave.,Chicago.Dorothy Hardt, '26, to Harold H. Tucker,Ph.D. '30, at Chicago, August 29, 193 1. Athome, 2722 Hackett Ave., Milwaukee.Elko H. VanDyke, '28, to Henrietta Dykhins,June 17, 1931. At home, 214 W. Jackson St.,Woodstock, 111.Jerry DeVries, M.D. '28, to Lelia M. Packsof Ottawa, 111. At home, 430 Lincoln St., Marseilles, 111.Robert Faris, '28, A.M. '30, Ph.D. '31, toClaire Guinard, at Columbia, S.C., August 18,1931. Mr. Faris will teach at Brown Universitythis year.Dorothy Hutchison, '28, S.M. '29, to John H.Garland, '28, S.M. '29, August, 1931, at BondChapel. At home at Columbus, Ohio, whereMr. Garland is an instructor in the State University.Russell Whitney, '29, to Carol K. Simon, '29,Sept. 19, 1931. At home, 2141 E. 67th St., Chicago.Mary Elizabeth Phillips, '29 to Maurice Wendell Decker, '20, at Ida Noyes Hall, Aug. 27,193 1. At home, 425 Wisconsin Ave., Oak Park,111.Frances Rappaport, '29, to Harvey LesterHarwich, '23, J.D. '25. At home, 275 CedarAve., Highland Park, 111.Mary Eleanor Foster, '29, to Melvin F.Abrahamson, '29, J.D. '30, in Bond Chapel. Athome, 4714 Oakwood Ave., Downers Grove, 111.Rodney S. Starkweather, M.D. '29, to Katharine J. Dietrich at New York, June 16, 1931. Athome, 4720 Pine St., Philadelphia.Mary Hardesty, A.M. '29, Ph.D. '30, to William L. Duren, Ph.D. '30, on April 8, 193 1.Leslie M. Hudson, '31, to Albert W. Meyer,'27, Ph.D. '30, at Carlinville, 111., June 27, 1931.Phyllis Clave Wilber, '31, to William PennBudd, at Chicago. At home, 71 16 Coles Ave.,Chicago.BirthsTo Rev. and Mrs. Louis A. Dole (AnitaSturges, '09) a son, George Frederick, July 8,193 1, at Fryeburg, Maine.To Mr. and Mrs. Donald Campbell (KathleenFoster, '20) a daughter, Harriet, June 27, 1931. To Mr. and Mrs. Milton J. Rettenberg (Marion F. Rubovits, '20) a son, Frank Jr., June 23,1931, at New York.To Mr. O. E. Droege, '21, and Mrs. Droege,a daughter, Mary Joan, June 15, 1931, atChicago.To Douglas L. Hunt, '22, A.M. '23, and Mrs.Hunt (Mary Winthrop Fassett, '26) a son,Robert Gillman, May 15, 1931, at Birmingham,Ala.To Mr. Reed Zimmerman, '22, and Mrs. Zimmerman (Ruby May Haskett, ex '25) a daughter,Ann, Aug. 9, 193 1, at Omaha, Nebr.To Mr. Sidney N. Shure, '23, and Mrs. Shure,a son, Robert, Aug. 2, 1931.To Mr. Robert C. Hetherington, '24, M.D. '28,and Mrs. Hetherington, '28, a daughter, AnnBooth, July 30, 1931, at Geneva, 111.To Mr. Erol N. Coade, '25, and Mrs. Coade,a son, George Edward at Montreal, Canada.To Mr. O. A. Akerlund, '28, and Mrs. Aker-lund, a son, Oscar Wells, March 13, 1931, atChicago.To Mr. Charles S. Klinenberg, ex '27, andMrs. Klinenberg (Bernice Fried, '28) a sonRichard, June 17, 1931, Chicago.To Mr. Nicholas M. Lattof, '28, and Mrs.Lattof (Olga Misuri, '29) a daughter, Ruth, atJerusalem.To Dr. Robert M. Jones, M.D. '29, and Mrs.Jones, a daughter, Elizabeth Fairbrother, June 8,1931, Niles Center, 111.To Dr. Wm. O. McLane, M.D. '29, and Dr.Evelyn Gruhlke McLane, M.D. '30, a daughter,Carol Mae, July 18, 193 1, at Sleepy Eye, Minn.To Mr. R. H. Ojemann, Ph.D. '29, and Mrs.Ojemann, a son, Robert, May 5, 1931, at IowaCity.To Mr. John M. Jackson, '29, and Mrs. Jackson, a daughter, Frances, October 2, at BillingsHospital. Mr. Jackson is working for his Ph.D.in chemistry at the University.DeathsThomas G. Isherwood, M.D. '83, July 20, 1931,at West Chicago. Dr. Isherwood had been surgeon for the Chicago and Northwestern and theElgin, Joliet and Eastern railroads for thirtyyears, and was very active in all civic affairs.Dr. L. B. Hayman, M.D. '86, August 12, 1931,at Oakland, Calif.Frank M. Ingalls, M.D. '88, September 22,193 1, at the Highland Park Hospital. Dr.Ingalls was the oldest practicing physician inHighland Park, and was a member of the staffof the hospital there.William P. Drew, '97, October, 1, 1930, LosAngeles, Calif.William S. Wilcox, M.D. '00, May 20, 1931,El Monte, Calif.Oscar Blumenthal, '09, J.D. '11, June 12, 1931,Chicago.Mrs. Hugh King, Jr., (Caroline Dickey '10)August 25, 1931, at Tulsa, Okla.Tahletha M. Mann, '15, June 13, 1931, at LosAngeles, Calif.Lawrence S, Harpole, '16, June 16, 1931, atHinsdale, 111.Paul Andrew Sornberger, A.M. '29, D.B. '30,June 21, 193 1, Central Phillipine College, P. I.TRAVELERS CHEQUES, TRAVEL SERVICCHERE AND EVERYWHEREANNOUNCING A NEW TRAVEL SERVICE FOR ALUMNIConvenient and Enjoyable Travel Assured by the Appointment of the American ExpressCompany as the Official Travel Bureau of the Intercollegiate Alumni Extension ServiceWhether, for you, a trip is a regular, WINTER CRUISESevent, or an occasional holiday — "whether you circle the globe or merely"week -end" — whether you travel foreducational reasons or for pleasure —the American Express facilities whichare now available to alumni will makeyour travels more carefree and enjoyable! You will find travel under theauspices of this well-known, world-wide organization free from worry and detail — bothersome arrangements will have been made in advance foroU you will be eagerly welcomed and treated asan honored guest everywhere you go!Complete Service Offered!The 99 American Express offices in all the important cities in the world are your business andsocial headquarters. There you will meet yourfriends, receive your mail, cables and radio messages ; and there experienced and courteous travelmen will map your itinerary, arrange for your sightseeing trips and reserve your accommodations onboats, railways and airplanes. The Company's 190uniformed interpreters stationed at piers, depotsand frontier points will lend you necessary assistance and guide you through the customs. AmericanExpress Travelers Cheques will protect and insureyour travel funds.Special Alumni Tours PlannedThe lure of travel on our beautiful, intensely interesting little planet is almost universal, but travelhas an especial appeal to college men and womenfor cultural reasons, because it is the most enjoyable and beneficial form of adult education. TheAmerican Express Company is studying the travelpreferences of alumni and plans to offer specialtours and to form groups which will have certaineducational, research and artistic goals. You willbe acquainted with these special offerings throughthese pages in the future.Independent Travel ArrangedYou may wish to travel independently or with yourown friends, following an intinerary of your ownchoice. Experienced travel men of the AmericanExpress Company will route a trip for you according to your own ideas of where you wish to go,for how long and how much you wish to spend.All your plans will then be made in advance andyour pathway smoothed for you.Agents For Travel — EverywhereThe American Express Company can procuresteamship, rail and air passage for you, at regulartariff rates, no matter where you may wish totravel. The Company is also an agent for all approved cruises and tours being offered for thecoming winter travel season. West Indies CruisesTropical scenic beauty — eternal golden summer — historic interest — makethese verdant isles of the Caribbeanideal destinations for a winter holiday.Winter cold, worries and routine areforgotten with every stride of the steamer southward. There are many West Indies Cruises fromamong which you can choose what will best suityour plans. Their durations vary from 10 days toa month, and the cost is from $100 up. The luxurious ships used are perfect for pleasure cruising,and the visits ashore have been carefully planned.A 10-day West Indies Cruise is ideal for the Christmas Holidays! A short vacation thatcan include the children!"Around the World"The splendid S.S. VOLENDAM will sail to thegreat Antarctic continent in her globe-circling thiswinter, the first cruise to follow in the wake of theexplorers Amundsen and Byrd, visiting the RossSea and the Bay of Whales. A Pioneer Cruise,leaving New York December 19, returning April18. Minimum price, $2500."Mediterranean Cruise"The S.S. ROTTERDAM, famous cruising liner,will sail on February 6, 1932, to visit the ancientlands that embrace the blue Mediterranean, returning to New York on April 16. The itinerary includes Madeira, Gibraltar, Cadiz, Algiers, Tunis,Malta, Rhodes, Cyprus, Messina, Greece, Istanbul,the Holy Land, Port Said, Cairo, Kotor, Venice,Naples, Monte Carlo and Nice. Minimum rate, $900."Around South America"The palatial vessels, the SANTA BARBARAand SOUTHERN CROSS, will be used on theinteresting cruise-tour of South America whichwill leave on February 13, 1932, to visit the sunnyLatin lands below the Equator: Panama Canal,Peru, Chile, Argentine, Uruguay, Brazil and Bermuda, returning April 26. Minimum cost, $1695.Cruises and tours to Mexico, Bermuda and Hawaiican also be arranged.The Coupon Brings InformationIf any of the cruises mentioned here interest you,or if you have any other trip in mind and wouldlike information about it, please fill in and mail thecoupon printed below for your convenience.Early Bookings Are Advisable. Plan Now for ThisWinter's Vacation! The American ExpressIs Ready to Serve You in This and AnyOther Travel Requirement.American Express Intercollegiate Travel Extension Service, 65 Broadway, New York, N. Y.Gentlemen : I am interested in the trip checked. Please send me information and literature.? Around the World ? Florida, California ? Mediterranean Cruise ? Mexico, Bermuda, Hawaii ? South America Cruise-Tour ? Europe for next summer ? West Indies Cruise, sailing about ? Any other trip Name — 8Address.Q Painlet An advertisemesufcwritten for TIME byMiss Catherine P. Harris.,JuaraJor League of S©st©a00 o o High up under the dome of Boston's Massachusetts General Hospital, far removed from the wardsso that the screams of sufferers under the knife willnot horrify the ward patients, is the Hospital's famedoperating amphitheatre. Many a medical studentdreads the operations he is privileged to watch, frequently faints. But one day last week Dr. John CWarren, Boston surgeon, led a group of surgeonsand students (class of 1847) up the long stairs, eager,hurrying.For there beckoned an interesting experiment' — ¦surgery without pain. Dr. William Thomas GreenMorton, 27-year old Boston dentist, thought it possible, had experimented to that end with ether, avolatile, pungent chemical compound capable of producing insensibility. He had tried it on animals, onhimself, then on his patients while extracting theroots of decayed teeth. Finally he had obtained permission from Dr. Warren to let him test his drugbefore an audience. One Gilbert Abbott, with a tumoron his neck, was to be the first trial.At II a.m. the last privileged student hurried intothe amphitheatre. Experimentee Abbott, fidgeting onthe operating-table, looked anxiously at the clock.Casual talk ceased, sudden silence prevailed as theminute-hand crawled past the hour, and Dr. Mortondid not appear. "He and his anesthetic S Humbugsboth, no doubt!" mumbled a doctor. It became fiveminutes past eleven, ten, then a quarter after. Thepatient stirred uneasily, Dr. Warren selected an instrument, advanced to the table — useless to delay proceedings any longer. As his knife poised for the incision, Dr. Morton, breathless, apologetic, rushed in.He held in one hand a curious globe-and-tube apparatus.In eager concentration, tensely expectant, the waiting group of surgeons and students watched while thenewcomer— -a charlatan perhaps, a genius possibly —adjusted his peculiar inhaling apparatus to the patient's mouth and with tense composure administeredCultivated Americans, impatient withturn increasingly to publications editeddons, fair-dealing, vigorously impartialin the sense that they report what the) his anesthetic. ¥eiled skepticism revealed itself whesthe patient reacted suddenly in wild exhilaration, bustthis exuberance subsided, relaxation took its place,then unconsciousness. Skepticism was routed, amazement paramount. Said Dentist Morton to SurgeosaWarren: "Your patient is ready.5"Br. Warren began to operate, proceeded quickly,, mfive minutes had finished. From the patient came ss©cry of pain, no agony of distress, only slight mowe=ments, mumbled words as from one who stirs on th®borderland of sleep ...."This, gentlemen," exclaimed Surgeon Warren, "isno humbug."Awake, Gilbert Abbott said, "I felt no pain.5'So, in part, had TIME been published mOctober, 1846, would TIME have reported thefirst public demonstration of ether as a surgical anesthetic. So, too, would TIME havereported how one Dr. Crawford WilliamsonLong, of Georgia, came forward later sayingthat he had used ether four years previous, hadgiven it up as impractical . . . . Sos too, wouldTIME have reported the bitter persecution thatcame to Dentist Morton when he patented hisdiscovery as "Letheon"; the seizure of "Leth-eon" by the U. S. Government for its own uses;the claims o£ Dr. Charles T. Jackson, the Boston chemist from whom Dentist Morton hadobtained his ether; the division of the ParisAcademy of Medicine's 5,000 franc MonthyoiaPrize for 1852 between these two, with Mortonproudly refusing his share; the long Congressional investigations resulting in nothing, andDentist Morton's death in poverty in 1865*cheap sensationalism and windy bias,in the historical spirit. These publics-, devote themselves to the public wealsee,, serve no masters, fear n® grotra&oSUBSCRIPT!! The Weekly Newsmagazine' $5 : 2©5 EAST 42ed STREET,, FfEW 70RK CITY : 15 CENTS i " ALL NEWSSTANDS