CQifurrsfni orotóp(Bsp'ntVOL. XXI NUMBER 9MIDSUMMER NUMBER1929Five Years of Building at ChicagoWhen We Were Young Sojourn on a SummitConvocation and Reunion AddressesHonor Scholarships for 1929Alumni NewsUBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCILA method for quieting thenervous system, including themind, which may be appliedwherever rest is usefuLPROGRESSIVERELAXATIONBy Edmund Jacobson, M.D.A study of neuromuscular tensions, their role in disease and ineveryday life, with a new method for the analysis and treatment ofvarious functional nervous disorders, as well as of certain statesof fatigue or irritability in persons who are not "neurotic" hutwhose energy output might properly he economized in the interest»of their general state of health.After twenty years of experiment and investigation, Dr. Jacobson has succeeded in more clearly demonstrating the effects ofrest alone.$5.00, postpaid $5.15The University of ChicagoPress5859 Ellis Avenue ChicagoTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 469Shawnee Stone Co.Successors toCentral Oolitic Stone Co.Producers ofINDIANA LIMESTONEBLOCKED - SAWED — PLANED — CUTThis company has supplied the cut stone for such monumentai buildings as the Straus Building, London Guaranty &Accident Building, Medicai and Hospital Group, University ofChicago, Chicago, Illinois ; Union Trust Co. Building, Cleveland,Ohio; First National Bank Building, Detroit, Mich; HoustonNational Bank Building,Houston, Texas ; Washington Building,Washington, D. C. ; New York State Office Building, Albany,N. Y. ; and is at the present time supplying the cut stone forthe Social Science Building, University of Chicago and thenew Chicago Board of Trade Building.SHAWNEE CARRARA TWO-TONEA distinctive stone of statuary texture with a pleasing blendof color tones combining tints of bufi and light blue. Particular-ly adaptable for monumentai structures.SHAWNEE STONE CO.General Offìces, Quarries and MillsBLOOMINGTON, IND.Chicago Office 2120 So. Kedzie Ave.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESelected by the Inter-collegiate Alumni Ex-tension Service as officiai headquarters forAlumni activity on theSouth Side of Chicago.Your next business tripto Chicago—Make it a pleasure trip !Don't miss the chance to visit your university the next timeyou come to Chicago. New Midway sights will greet youreyes — the marvelous Medicai group ; the new chapel, one ofthe finest pieces of Gothic architecture in the world ; the newWieboldt hall of modem languages. You must see them ali!Stop at Hotels Windermere. For there you are within easywalking distance of the campus, and only ten minutes f rom theloop.There the same old-time hospitality, the same excellent cuisine await you. In more ways than one, a stay at the Windermere will make it a pleasure trip.Whether you come for the day, or stay for the week, a cordialwelcome comes from the Hotels Windermere.Headquarters For Practically Ali Athletic TeamsCompeting With Chicago.otelsindermere"CHICAGO'S MOST HOMELIKE HOTELS"56th Street at Hyde Park Boulevard — Phone Fairfax 6000500 feet of verandas and terraces fronting southon Jackson Park'THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 47'1 — "" TiSOLVING FUEL PROBLEMSS.TEAM power station work of the Stane 8C Webster 'Engineering Corporation includes industriai andutility plants operating with record economy on alikinds of fuels. In many instances, coal, oil and gasburning stàtions are so designed that they can bechanged at any timé to pulverized coal. Some stàtionsoperate òn either oil or pulverized coal or both asoccasion demands. Some bum oil or gas or both.This flexiblity of design enables owners to profit bychanges in the locai fuel market. Our wide experiencein solving fuel problems is offered to manufacturersand others who pian to build new plants or revampold ones to meet new requirements.STONE 8C WEBSTERENGINEERING CORPORATION472 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAn organization of over fifty people, with specialisti in ali branches of advertisingVANDERHOOF&' COMPANY Qenemlc/IdvertisivgVANDBRHOOF BUILDING • • f|||? ,a7 B. ONTARIO ST..CHICAOOHENRY D. SULCER, '05, President"If eyes ivere made for seeing, then beautyis its oivn excuse for being.' — EmersonEDWARD M. NOLENVice PresidentPAINTING THE LILY FOR PROFITDespite the fact that over $1,885,000 was spent lastyear in advertising cosmetics, few advertising menspeak with real authority on the subject.Prominent among those who have made cosmetichistory is Edward M. Nolen, who has handled, fromtheir inception, some of the leading nationally ad-vertised lines.If your product is a cosmetic or is distributedthrough the drug, department store or beauty shopfield, Mr. Nolen's experience might prove as valu-able to you as your formula itself.Member: American Association of Advertising Agencies £sf National Outdoor Advertising BuretuTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINIÌ 473Quiet in the Studio! Not even an undesiredwhisper ma y enter the sensitive microphones !OtìND PlCTURES a product of the telephoneI UT of a half century's experience, theBell Telephone Laboratories devel-oped for Western Electric the first successfulsystem of sound pictures.This system (embracing Vita-phone and Movietone) makes posatole a great new art in entertainment. Now, in theatres ali overthe country — Western Electricequipped — you can hear stars ofmotion pictures, opera and stage inlife-like render ings from the screen. Producers toho use the WesternElectric sound system exclusivefy zWARNER BROS.FOX FILMSVICTOR TALKING MACHINEPARAMOUNT FAMOUS I.ASK YMETRO-GOLDWYN-MAYERUNITED ARTISTSFIRST NATIONALUNIVERSA!.BAL ROACHCHRISTIECOLUMBIA PICTURESHAROLD LLOYDHear and see the world's greatest personali-ties as they talk from the screen.Hear orchestrai accompanimentplayed from the screen ... theactual roar of an airplane ... thethunder of galloping hoofs !Yesterday's dream is today's faci.And tomorrow? Here is an artnow in the early stage s of itsdevel-opment which is revolutionizingthe field of motion picture entertainment.Watch — and listen!WestenSOUND ElectricSYSTEMWest of the Bishop's TowerThe South Facade of Wieboldt Hall474Vol. xxi No. 9®ntaetóttj> of CijttagoJfflap?ineJULY-AUGUST, 1929When We Were YoungBy J. Spencer DickersonCùrresponding Secretary of the Board of TrusteesSO FAR as this writer knows theresearch departments of the University have never decided beyond aperad venture which carne first in theevolution of poultry, the hen or the egg.Nor has the Department of Education eversettled the age-long problem in the develop-ment of educational institutions which intheir beginning should have the greateremphasis, buildings or teachers. Evidentlya university could not adequately teachwithout teachers or without proper placesin the which the teaching shall be carriedon. The boom town promoter would havethe building anyhow, and having set f orthits architectural qualities would hope thatsomehow a kindly providence would provide teachers who would lead the youthof the town into the traveled roads oflearning. Not so the thoughtful foundersof universities.During the formative period of theUniversity's life, President Harper tookthe proverbiai President Garfield positionand set about seciiring his President Hopkins even before the traditional log wasprovided on which to seat the teacher andhis pupils. In any event the historic "Of ficiai Bulletins" which deal with theorganization of the Universtiy have almostnothing to say with reference to buildings.They cali for teachers and publicatiohs andlibraries, but buildings are irìf erréd" ratherthan advocated. The wisdom of thè youngpresident (he was thirty-four years of agewhen these bulletins were issued in 1890)has been demonstrated for now nearly fourdecades.But while in the thought of the greatpresident men carne before stone, the im-portance of buildings was not overlooked.Indeed, just because the men were so neces-sary to a great university, buildings becameequally, or at least, emphatically neces-sary and in a letter stili in existencewritten in September, 1890, PresidentHarper wrote: "Begin planning for themillion dollars with which to put up thebuildings." Next carne the effort to getbuildings, having first secured subscriptionsfor endowment with the Founders originaipledge of $600,000 and additional pledgesof $549,000 by hundreds of subscribersscattered among seventy-five states andforeign countries.The site of the University in 189 1 con-475476 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsisted of but four blocks of land. Thatamount was regarded as ampie for thepurposes of the institution. It was generallyspoken of as the "campus," but as theneeds of the University expanded, as itsresources grew, as friends provided ad-ditional land and other buildings, suchdesignation admissible for the "grounds"of a small college, was no longer suitable.When the holdings of real estate reservedfor educational purposes began to spreadon both sides of the Midway Plaisance forsomething like three quarters of a mile,and when streets and boulevards and parksseparated the sites, present and prospective,of University buildings, "campus" was amisnomer. It is customary now to speakof the "quadrangles" as representing theland ad j acent to University halls, labora-tories and libraries. At the beginning suchdesignation would have been ridiculous, asnot one quadrangle existed notwithstandingthe historic bird's-eye view drawing of theimaginative site produced by the firstarchitect, Henry Ives Cobb. Even Marshall Field, as Stagg Field was originallynamed, while a quadrangle in shape, wasbounded by a most disreputable woodenfence instead of by the stable cement wallsfamiliar to students for now many years.For years it was customary jokingly tostate that at the University of Chicagoa quadrangle had fewer than four sides —and it was true. What has been accom-plished in making appropriate the descrip-ti ve word quadrangle is admirably shownin what it has been customary to cali theDivinity Dormitories quadrangle. Sur-rounded by residence halls, the ClassicsBuilding, Wieboldt Hall, Haskell Museumand Bond Chapel, well shaded, with widewalks, it is one of the most charming ofthe quadrangles, especially as the cementdriveway has been removed.Buildings have been named for donorsand for outstanding friends of the University, but with the exception of StaggField, Dudley Field, and Whitman Labora-tory names of members of the f aculties havenot been given to quadrangles or buildings.It has been suggested that as prof essors havegiven distinction to the University by their service and achievement it would be onlvjust to give their names to certain quadrangles as probably few members of thefaculties will ever accumulate sufRcientcapital to provide a building. They havemade buildings famous by their researchand discoveries, but their names naturallyare not cut into the building stone. AMichelson or a Mathews quadranglewould perpetuate the work of a physicistor a theologian after their spoken words hadceased to inspire their students.On October i, 1892, when the University opened its doors, perhaps one ought tosay its door, but one building was completedas the "Mayflower" of education swung outinto the tide beginning to run flood. Thebuilding it has been said was "completed,"but there remained evidences that the littlevessel had not long been launched as carpen-ters were stili at work and students enteredclass-rooms under scaffolding. The dormitories south of and adjoining Cobb Hallwere soon finished and during the nearlythirty-seven years since the first buildingwas opened many other halls for manydiverse uses have been erected.The trustees at one time consideredgranite as the material of which the Uni-versity's buildings should be constructed.Brick with stone trimmings was also discusseci. Eventually, however, Bedfordstone was chosen and with the exception ofso-called "temporary" buildings, the PressBuilding, and the Whitman Laboratory ofExperimental Zoology, Bedford stone hasbeen used. The stone was, at first, "blue"Bedford and that special grade of stone wasused for at least two decades. Subsequently,both for the sake of economy and to givemore life to walls, "quarry run" which givesseveral shades of color was substituted. Thedifference between the two grades is par-ticularly noticeable in the walls of theChapel, as contrasted for instance withHarper Memorial Library, although as timegoes on and the stone becomes weatheredthis difference will not be so discernible.The earlier buildings were composed ofstone cut into shapes generally large andsimilar in size while present buildings arecomposed of stones of varying sizes, de-WHEN WE WERE YOUNG 477scribed as "coursed ashlar." Ivy grew uponthe walls of the early buildings although therigors of winter and the ice and snow attimes played havoc with its growth whilethe ivy-covered stone sooner became blackand longer so remained. Indeed, recentlyirregular growths of ivy and the skeletonsof former growths have been removed fromniany walls greatly to their improvement.It is remarkable how long a "temporary"building may remain. Lexington Hall,built in haste to meet an emergency, is stiliin use after twenty-five years. It has pro-vided class-rooms, a woman's gymnasium,offices of the commons, store-room for food,a bakery, headquarters of that part of theUnited States Army assigned to the University and offices of the Maroon and ofthe Gap and Gown. It was dilapidated in191 6 when Ida Noyes Hall gymnasium wasopened and permitted the exodus from themakeshift gymnasium in Lexington. Indeed, as part of the dedication of Ida NoyesHall the women students in bathing-suits,in order to visualize the hardships they hadtoo long endured, gave a hilarious repre-sentation of a gym class in Lexington duringa rain storm, a stream from a hose repre-senting the leakage from the roof. Lexington Hall, if its condition is a menace beforethat time, will be razed to make way forthe Orientai Museum. Ellis Hall has"temporarily" remained at the corner ofFifty-eighth Street and Ellis Avenue since1901, meanwhile serving many useful purposes. Here were the offices of the Y. M.C. A., of the Maroon, rooms for4 a non-Greek letter fr aterni ty and the men's clubof the Press, before the Home Study Department and the Bookstore were moved tothis centrai corner. Sooner or later thishistoric "temporary" structure built "whenwe were young" will be obliged to yield tothe ravages of hardening arteries. By ex-change of properties the University receivedthe old Quadrangle Club building at thecorner of Fifty-eighth Street and UniversityAvenue. This will continue to be used forthe School of Commerce and Administra-tion only until such time as its site will berequired for the erection of the OrientaiMuseum. The two Ricketts Laboratories werepurposely constructed so they could be easilyand economically wrecked when the timecarne for "bigger and better" laboratories.Apartment buildings and dwelling housesstili in use, such as the psychological laboratory, Greenwood Hall, the high-schoolboys' club-house and the Locai CommunityResearch Building at the corner of EllisAvenue and Sixtieth Street, are left-oversfrom the day prior to 1890 and 1893 whenthis neighborhood of Hyde Park was de-veloping into a family residence district andwhen the World 's Fair visitors neededplaces in which to rest "far from the mad-ding crowd" of that part of the city nowknown as the "Loop." One temporarybuilding actually was short-lived — thatwhich housed the old gymnasium, theprinting office of the University Press andthe General Library. It occupied whatis now Hutchinson Court for ten yearsuntil 1903.In the early days deans and administra-tive officers occupied diminutive cubby-holes as offices. The distinguished gentlemannow president of Yale University for yearswas crowded into a little cubicle at thenorthwest corner of the first floor of CobbHall where now reigns the Recorder andRegistrar. Other men of internationalfame squeezed themselves into small officesas there were no others available. Doubt-less the reason why the "temporary" buildings have been well-nigh permanent hasbeen because there has been such a demandfor offices notwithstanding the millions ofcubie feet contained in the new buildingserected in the last decade or two.The Trustees, led to their decision nodoubt by the advice of Mr. Martin A.Ryerson and Mr. Charles L. Hutchinson,in 1891 voted to adopt late English Gothicas the style for the buildings which wouldcompose the main group, at least what wasso regarded for many years, until the growthof the University required expansion far be-yond the four city blocks upon which in1891 stood the first halls devoted to theuses of class-rooms and dormitories. Fortu-nately for the University this type ofarchitecture which has made the buildings478 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINÉof Oxford notable for centuries has beenconsistently and constantly followed. Al-though some dozen or so architects havereceived commissions to design Universitybuildings the Gothic style has been followed, interpreted, naturally, according tothe ability and individuality of the designers.While ali the University's buildings are, onthe whole, well adapted to their varied purposes some are better than others. Someexcel in interior arrangements and conserva-tion of space. Some excel in the charm of their ornamentai carvings and their towersThe earlier buildings are plainer in designthan those built in later days, as money wasscarce when first the "battlemented towers"of the "City Gray" began to rise "beneaththe hope-fìlled western skies." Take it aliin ali, however, among the forty odd per-manent buildings there are few if anyfailures either judged from the point ofview of utility or of architectural effective-ness.Interior of the University ChapelFive Years of BuildingBy John P. Howe '27The Department of PublicityTHIS is a story about new buildingsat the University of Chicago. It wasintended to be an "article" aboutthe Universi ty's physical expansion duringthe past n\t years but because the materialis epic the briefest record was found toassume heroic proportions.Twenty-three and a half million dollarsis the University 's unparalleled investmentin the erection and equipment of newbuildings for the half-decade of 1925-30,a period of intense aerivi ty for which thisstory gives a rather sketchy accounting.Since Jury 17, 1924, almost exactly fiveyears ago, when work was begun on thenew Rawson Laboratory of Rush MedicaiCollege, twelve millions have been spentfor structures now complete. Buildingsworth six and one-half millions are nowrising on and -around the Quadrangles.Fully financed and scheduled for ground-breaking before the year is out are stilimore buildings which will cost rive millions.So far during this period the averagemonthly expenditure for new constructionhas been $230,000.For each of the ,25-odd units or quadrangles now complete or assured therehas been a long and urgent need; theirerection is in the nature of a realization.There is no slightest sense of an over-emphasis on stone-and-mortar. Rather aninspiring sense of release and a new ade-quacy in the expansion of lecture and classroom facilities; in the larger and betterequipped laboratories and workrooms toaugment the quarters for projeets longcritically cramped and to house the newand worthy projeets which rise naturallyas the University's horizon widens; in theimproved living, playing and workingquarters for students; in the better serviceequipment.Nor has there been any sense of strainother than the normal pains of growing,or such strains as come from jumping a holewhere there was once a sidewalk, at the same time dodging a falling brick. Thoughit is doubling the floor space of the University, the Uve year building program has notmeant a "new university." The heart ofthe University is in its men, in its sense ofan established unity, and each addition toits material facilities has seemed the naturaiworking out of an excellent pian and hasbeen taken into the consanguinity of theGothic family with grateful ease by students and faculty alike.Few divisions of the University have notbenefited directly either in the new buildings or through the release of space in theolder buildings. Though ali the new structures with the exception of the Chapel, thedormitories, the Power plant, Sunny Gymnasium and the North Stand are intendedfor graduate and research work, the under-graduate colleges, which require less changein facilities than the exigencies of researchwork demand, have been helped markedlyin the provision of class and office space.The new residence halls across the Midwaywill satisfy the greatest present need in theundergraduate economy.Four of the new buildings, Eckhart andWieboldt Halls, Jones Laboratory and theSocial Sciences Building, are on the MainQuadrangles. Most of the others conformto the quadrangle principle, which has beenadhered to since the founding of the University. The special beauty of quadrangles,with their quiet within, is certainly com-parable to the beauty of a rolling campus.At Chicago the "feeling of the open" willnever be lost as long as the Midway dividesthe Uni'versity's hundred acres.In 1924 President Burton wrote abrochure entitled "The University of Chicago in 1940," a keenly thought out andambitious pian for the University 's growth.He pointed out that in addition to theChapel, the Medicai group, the Theologybuilding and the Laboratory for Experi-mental Zoology, which were then financedand are now erected, the University would479480 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINErequire twenty-one new buildings by 1940.Eleven of his proposed structures are in-cluded as complete or assured in this survey.From the Main Quadrangles the University has spread in every direction. It issignificant that the great majority of thenew buildings have been made possiblethrough the benefactions of a large numberof altruistic, far-sighted and friendlyChicagoans.The principle that the separate fields ineach of the major divisions of learningmust be coordinated and made cooperativeas they progress in specialization is em-bodied in the construction of at least threeof the new buildings, the Social SciencesBuilding housing work on specific problemsto which each of the individuai socialscience departments contribute their spe-cialized knowledge; the Medicai Groupfunctioning in the same capacity for medicairesearch; and Wieboldt Hall of ModemLanguages the same in such jointproblems as the Arthurian Cycle project.The new structures, taken in the large,are majestic architecturally and fitted inevery practical detail to their special purposes. University of Chicago buildings areexpensive, compared with the buildings ofmany universities, partly because they areconstructed of stone and are built in a city,where the cost of labor is high and thebuilding code strict; mostly because each isan integrai part of a permanent pian and isbuilt to stand not necessarily for centuriesbut certainly for many decades, withoutmuch repair or alteration. They are madeto be serene and handsome as well asuseful. Parts of the quadrangles do seemdestined for a time to a prospect of con-tractors' huts, excavators' dunes, buildingsin construction and courts in various huesof grey. These seem to be accepted easilyby students and faculty as the signs of avigorous growth, characteristic of the University, promissory of the future, the chang-ing outward expression of that inner fifewhich it is the purpose and hope qi theUniversity to foster and develop.Most Alumni, students and even facultymembers seem to have contrived to live inand "go through" the University knowing almost nothing about its physical planexcept for such half-dozen buildings as thevused. Granted that the centrai drama ofthe University inheres in its men andwomen, in their lives and work; and thata knowledge of the weight of the Chapelvaulting or an ability to identify the bustsdecorating the Wieboldt Hall does notmake a man "think straighter." But surelysome appreciation for the University'sdramatic rise, some knowledge of thetheater and stage properties of learningis not only interesting in itself but is con-ducive to the development of a deeperloyalty, involving the self-feelings, and thefeelings of a personal responsibility for theUniversity's well-being.Even a casual stranger, intrigued by theMidway's north line of Gothic building,could get a thrill out of realizing, as hewalked east from Cottage Grove Av., thathe was passing a place where babies werebeing born ; then a place where the actualityof death, as in the clean clinical coolnessof an autopsy room, was being fought aswell as man can fight it ; on to a place wherescholars were delving into versions of Platoand Aristotle, and analyzing the modemgreats of literature; to a Library in whichwere housed the rarest of manuscripts ; pasta Social Science building where workerswere busy making murder spot maps; toa great Chapel, with its aspiring reredosonly a few blocks from the surgical amphi-theater; to a beautiful center for women'sactivities; on to a place where the teachersof the future were studying, then to a handsome new gymnasium.The line tells a story of what may becalled, unhesitatingly, progress, and progress difficult to match. The past fve years— and five years is a short time — have seena remarkable acceleration of that progress.With the exception of Ricketts LaboratorySouth no new University buildings wereerected between 19 15 when Classics wasfinished, and 1924 when Rawson wasstarted. There follows the story of recentbuilding.To serve as a centrai headquarters forali building projeets a Department ofConstruction was added to the University'sFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 481business organization on May ist, 1928Lyman R. Flook, then Superintendent ofthe extensive Buildings and Grounds Department, was made Superintendent ofConstruction, with offices in the UniversityClinics. With his staff, which now num-bers seven, including an engineer, account-ant and a draftsman, Mr. Flook supervisesali construction, prepares estimates, co-operates with academic officers and archi-tects, and awards contracts. Needless tosay, the Construction office, and the Downtown offices are busy places.Here then are the facts about each ofthe new buildings, in turn those formedicine, the physical and naturai sciences,the social sciences, the humanities and theothers.A Medical School on aUniversity BasisThe University ClinicsA NEW conception of the place ofmedicai study in a University, andfive million dollars in plant and equipment to give that conception its initialexpression; these are the simple facts in the explanation of the great twin-toweredClinics buildings, which with the newPhysiology and Physiological Chemistrybuildings, now rise powerfully to six floorson the blocks just west of the University'soldest structures, Cobb Hall and the ad-joining dormitories, giving a new grandeurto the University's Midway contour.The conception is not so new that President Judson did not anticipate it with thefirst plans some eighteen years ago. Northat President Burton did not work out thedetails essential to its realization. Theprospectus drafted in 1923 by architectsCoolidge and Hodgdon, in collaborationwith University officials, provided thatbuildings for the South Side medicai de-velopment should occupy, with their innerquadrangles and courts, the entire two cityblocks bounded by the Midway Plaisance,Ellis and Drexel Avs., and 58th St. Thewhole project as outlined at that time calledfor the provision of building space practi-cally the equivalent of the total space inthe 45 University buildings of that year.The seven units, in two divisions, for whichbusiness organization on May ist, 1928.The Medical School on a University BasisThe University Clinics482 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEground was broken in 1925 and dedicationservices celebrated two years later, nowmake up about one-third of the Coolidgeand Hodgdon entity with their 6,600,000cubie feet of space. Three more units willbe under way before the snow flies thisyear.Briefly, the underlying theory is this:Medicai science has three phases, practice,teaching and research. A University,especially a privately endowed University,is uniquely the home of the teaching-research kinship, and not merely a tradeschool, even a medicai trade school. To beeffective, medicai research and teachingmust not only have a plenitude of clinicalmaterial, sick humans to study and help,but its departments of medicine, surgeryand pathology, and ali the specialty departments, must be contiguous to and cooperative with ali the basic naturai sciencedepartments, such as anatomy, zoology,physiology, physiological chemistry, phar-macology, hygiene, bacteriology, and eventhe physical sciences. Coordination must gohand in hand with specialization.In its new Clinics buildings the University has successfully filled the requirementsof its theory. Hospital, outpatient division, classrooms, laboratories, offices for thedepartments ofmedicine, surgery and pathology are alih o u s e d, inseparate anda u t o n o-| mous sectionst o preserveunity, underone roof, anda very largeroof it is. Physiology andphysiological chemistry are across the Medicai School Court.Hospitals and laboratories for obstetrics,gynecology, pedriatics and orthopedics willbe built this year; for contagious diseases,psychiatry, surgical specialties and otherfìelds, later. And proximate to the whole,Bernard Harveyon the main quadrangles, are the basicscience and pre-clinical departments, the menof which — and they are eminent men ljk»Bensley and Jordan — have every opportu-nity to help and receive help from the medi.cai men. The medicai departmentsPresident Mason once said, are the cutting-edge of the broader base furnished by thebasic science departments.Said President Angeli of Yale -at theClinic's dedication : "It is doubtful whetheranywhere in the world, for so long a periodthe wholeprogram ofmedicai educa-tion was everso exhaus-tively studied— a study thathad the greatersignifìcance inthat i t a t-tempted onthe one handto meet therequirements of the highest ideals for medicine itself, while on the other hand doingjustice to the needs of a great metropolitancenter like Chicago, and to the requirements and obligations of the two existinginstitutions, the University and Rush Medicai College, whose fusion has produced thepresent school. Americans have not asyet fully learned that a Constant inter-change and cooperation between theinvestigating organic chemist and thepioneering pathologist, between the bac-teriologist and the biologist, on the onehand, and the clinician in any one of adozen fìelds on the other, is indispensablefor the effective progress of ali concerned."Said Dr. Rufus Cole, Director of thehospital of the Rockefeller Institute, "Weare dedicating a world institution; iteinfluence will be felt wherever there aiesickness and suffering, and its effeets wfillast until disease is banished forever. Whfleother institutions have made advances fflthis direction, it has remained for the U>»"versity of Chicago to consciously inauguratea new idea, to establish a true UniversityDepartment of Medicine, to erect a labott-FIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 483tory and observatory for the study of dis-ease." Said President Mason, "There hasbeen here assembled a capable, youthful,enthusiastic staff, and they have at theirdisposai the most modem equipment."Learned delegates from the country overtalked in superlative terms about Chicago'splace in the medicai world.About the buildings themselves. Thepian in general for the main structure isthis: hospital and clinical departments onthe south, classrooms and laboratories onthe north,S^ì^y"" ""i^, hospitalrooms cn theoutside, serv-ice rooms onthe courts,medicine onthe east, sur-gery on thewest, admin-istration be-Billroth tween t h etwo major wings, in the section facing theMidway; pathology in the section facingnorth on the Medicai Court.The hospital section is named for AlbertMerritt Billings, famous physician andgrandfather of Dr. Frank Billings, equallyfamous physician who was for many yearsDean of the Faculty at Rush Medicai College. The Billings family gave much ofthe erection fund. It would be impóssiblein this brief survey to describe ali themarvelously modem facilities and surpris-ingly diverse equipment of the hospital andthe laboratories.The massive main entrance leads into awell appointed lobby. Offices and waitingrooms extend along the first floor, staffliving quarters occupying the east frontwing, the outpatient division and studenthealth service, for which Mr. Max Epsteingave $200,000, having its lobby in the westfront wing, together with the pharmacyand the social welfare department. Thesecond floor is occupied with such divisionsas Ophthalmology, Neurology, Cardiac andMetabolic Diseases, Otolaryngology, andUrology, residence quarters occupying theeast wing and the student clinics the west. Third, fourth and fifth floors are devotedmainly to patients' rooms, wards, and so-lariums, the splendid X Ray division holding the centrai section of the fifth. Onthe sixth are the impressive operatingrooms, with their enormous Windows andtiers of seats, the technicians' rooms forsuch tasks as the making of surgical sup-plies, and quarters for internes and residentphysicians. There is also a mezzanine tothe sixth floor. The towers contain watertanks for emergency use.There are 214 patients' beds in thehospital, a relatively small number con-sidering that there are over 1000 rooms inthe entire main structure. It must be re-' membered that the structure is intendedprimarily for teaching and research, thatthe present units will be the center ofadministration and study for a much largerprojected group of buildings, and that thefacilities for the best and most up-to-datetreatment of each patient and ali diseasesmust be exceedingly complex and multi-form. Present proposals cali for an eventualstaff of 100 doctors, 400 students andinternes, and 400 special, graduate andstudent nurses. Students may now proceedthrough the whole professional medicairegimen at theUniversityClinics, and ifthey elect andare elected, maygo into medicairesearch workthere. The University has re-cently affiliatedwith the Illinois TrainingSchool forNurses and isoffering graduate nursing courses in thesummer quarter. When funds becomeavailable a Nurses' Home will be built.That portion of the main structure northof the hospital is devoted largely to offices,classrooms and demonstration rooms, general laboratories and research rooms, andsmall animai rooms. The first floor of thenorth section contains the autopsy amphi-Ludwig484 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEtheater, the large assembly room, which isin Constant use for lectures, and the pa-thology museum. The second floor housesthe important Frank Billings Library.Two basements extend throughout thewhole structure, devoted mostly to servicerooms. The Frank Billings MedicaiClinic, devoted to internai medicine, jutswest from the northwest corner of the mainstructure.The exterior of the Clinics is of Bedfordlimestone, designed in an adaptation of collegiate Gothic. The interior is done inneutra! shades of green, its walls decoratedwith the interesting Charles B. Pike andFrank W. Jay collections of medicai printsand portraits. Floors are of soundless terrazzo. Elevators are automatic and fool-proof. Furnishings are tasteful.The Physiology unit and the unit forPhysiological Chemistry and Pharmacologyoccupy a tract along 58th St., north ofthe Clinics building. The two units, di-vided at the first level by an archway, cannot be said to "face" 58th St. since theifornamentai aspect is from the beautifull»landscaped Medicai Court, from which canbe inspected the sculptured heads of theforemost medicai investigators of Europeand America, on both the Clinics and thephysiological buildings. In general thePhysiology and Physiological Chemistry,units are closely harmonious with theClinics. Basements are devoted to serviceand Storage rooms; first, second, third andfourth floors to an extensive series of wellequipped laboratories for the vastly important work going on in those departments; and the sixth to animai quarters.There are also, of course, offices and lecturerooms. Building and equipment of thetwo units cost $950,000, bringing the totalfor the Medicai Group now standing tothe five million figure.A great many benefactors aided in thefinancing of the building and endowmentfor the Medicai Group, the largest singlegift being that of $3,385,000 from the'¦wfiTK. ni i»1 |Hilflllll IH "¦'>m!jrn'' 11;illlll IH ¦¦¦¦¦¦¦111 1^1 III in«1 W ni nm*¦*.¦¦North of the Clinics — across the Medicai Court — Physiology, Physiological Chemistry, Pharmacology — basic science departments noia closely all'i ed to medicai research.FIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 485General Education Board. In Decemberof 1927 President Mason indicated that theUniversity's medicai work was "backed bythe power of $25,000,000." Since thattime notable contributions have come forendowment, among them the imaginativegift of $1,000,000 from Albert and FloraLasker for research in degenerative diseases ; additional gifts from Julius Rosen-wald and Max Epstein; a gift of $250,000from a Chicago business man who preferredto remain anonymous to honor Charles H.Markham; and a gift of $75,000 fromJohn Hertz.During the period from October, 1927,the opening date of the Clinics, to Novem-ber, 1928, 34,666 patients were treated, anaverage of 123.8 a day. Days of hospitaltreatment totalled 25,905. In the StudentHealth Service 5,363 different studentsreceived attention. So great is the demandfor the University's clinical service thatordinary patients must make applicationwell in advance of their appointments.Meanwhile, teaching and research havegone forward vigorously. A Children' s Medical CenterBobs Roberts Memorial HospitalA GREAT medicai center for children,comparable to those of Vienna andBerlin, and with facilities unexcelled by anyin the United States will be an integraipart of the general Midway medicai de-velopment. Four units will be built aroundthe present University Clinics, ali to beunder way this year, where the training ofspecialists will go hand in hand with theadvancement of knowledge. Through anaffiliation with the Country Home for Con-valescent Children, which has propertyworth $450,000 at Prince Crossing, Illinois,and an endowment of $1,200,000, a fifthlink is added which will be especially im-portant in connection with the work of theorthopedic and pediatrie departments. Sofar the total assets for building and endowment of ali the children's units, includingthe Lying-In Hospital, amount to sevenmillion dollars, seven million dollars tobring youngsters safely through the diffi-cult period of childhood."Coolidge and Hodgdon prepared this sketch of the projected medicai group five years ago.Now the centrai sections, from the Midway to s%th Street, stand complete. Wings facingthe Midway will be started this year, to complete the Boulevard frontage as here depicted."486 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEFirst of the new children's units to bestarted is the Bobs Roberts MemorialHospital, which is now rising west of andadjoining the Billings Hospital and extend-ing along the Midway to Drexel Av.Colonel John Roberts, president of theMiller and Hart Packing Company, andMrs. Roberts in 1926 gave the University$1,000,000 for the care of sick children andfor intensive research into the cause, pre-vention and treatment of diseases peculiarto children. The fund was given as amemorial to their son "Bobs," whose deathin 19 17 at the age of five left Col. and Mrs.Roberts with the conviction that his comingand passing were meant to fulfill some finepurpose. About $700,000 of the fund willbe used in the building and equipment, theremainder in endowment.Bobs Roberts Hospital will be a threeand six story structure, the three story section extending from the Max Epstein Dis-pensary west along the Midway, in accord-ance with the pian of Coolidge andHodgdon for the whole medicai group, thesix story level flanking Drexel Av. Corri-dor communication with the Epstein Clinicwill be provided on each floor.The general Medicai Buildings pian isbeing followed : service rooms on the Courtside, hospital rooms on the Street side. Thebasement floor will be devoted to service;the first floor largely to waiting rooms andoffices; the second, third and fourth floorsto hospitalrooms; thefifth to laboratories and thesixth to interne and staffquarters.There will bebetween 80and 100 bedsfor children.A feature ofthe fourthfloor will betwo large wards, each containing 30 bedsand each having a generous area of fiat roofupon which the beds can be wheeled out.A portion of the roof will be so coveredPare Lìsterthat the children can be kept out of doorseven in inclement weather. One of theHospital's most beautiful features will be alarge marble waiting room on the first floorIn its inner and outer detail it will conformto the design of the present Medicai buildings.At the cor-nerstone lay-i n g, DoctorRussell M.Wilder, in hisfirst public ap-pearance a sChairman ofthe University's Department of Medicine, declaredthat the "hospital here being erectedthrough the generosity of Col. and Mrs.Roberts will be intimately associated withali the other medicai departments of theUniversity, and with the basic science departments."There has never been a time in the his-tory of medicai research when the prospectswere as bright as they are today," he con-tinued. "The remarkable momentum whichmedicai research has achieved during thepast few decades, with its advances in thecontrol of infectious diseases, in surgery,and in the functioning and control of theglands has been matched by a general increase of public interest and greater generosity in the support of medicai research.The rank and file of recent medicai grad-uates seems to be improving, and anincreasing proportion of young men andwomen doctors, not content with our ex-isting knowledge, are vitally interested inresearch." Included in the voluminouscontents of the corner-stone box is a pictureof "Bobs" Roberts.The Roberts Hospital will be one of theunits working in dose cooperation with the"Chicago Lying-In Hospital and with theMcElwee and Hicks Hospitals. Cooperat-ing with ali these will be the CountryHome, near West Chicago, which wasbrought under the medicai supervision ofthe University in 1928. Organized largelyFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 487Trousseauthrough the efforts of Mrs. William J.Chalmers the Home was founded to carefor 100 children from the ages of four tofourteen. Fresh food from the farm onwhich the Home is built, general and handi-craft educa-tion, and alimedicai careare provided.No pay patients are ac-cepted.As in therest of theU n i v e r-sity Clinicspatients in theRoberts Hospital will pay in accordance with theirability. The social welfare service will beextended to Roberts Hospital and a largeoutpatient division will be maintained.For Destitute and Crippled ChildrenMcElwee and Hicks H°^pitalsAS THE Bobs Roberts Memorial com-pletes the Midway frontage of thecentrai medicai group west of the towers,so will the new Nancy Adele McElweeMemorial and the Gertrude Dunn Hicksunits complete the frontage on the east.Adjoining the medicai end of the Clinics,the Roberts Hospital will deal primarilywith the medicai and hygienic care of dis-eased children. Almost the counterpartof Roberts, the Hicks and McElweehospitals will adjoin the east or surgicalend of the Clinics, and will be devoted tosurgical and corrective work on crippledand deformed youngsters.Mrs. Gertrude Dunn Hicks, who hasalready given the University valuable partsof her various collections, subscribed$300,000 for the three-story hospital hearing her name which will face the Midwaybetween the present Clinics and Ellis Av.Mrs. Elizabeth S. McElwee, who has beenfor thirty years one of the leading sponsorsof work among crippled children in Chicago, gave $300,000 for the five-storyhospital unit which will join Hicks at EllisAv. and extend along that Street, the shorter end of the L which the two buildings willform. Each unit will have its own en-trance, that for Hicks facing the Midway,that for McElwee, Ellis Av. The NancyAdele McElwee Hospital is a memorialto Mrs. McElwee's daughter.Both units, which together will be practi-cally the mate of the Roberts Hospital, willserve as the new habitation of the ChicagoHome for Destitute and Crippled Children.The Home, with its $1,000,000 endowment, has operated heretofore at PaulinaSt. and Maypole Av. under the guidanceof a group of civic-minded people headedby Robert F. Carr. As in the case of theCountry Home for Convalescent Children,the Chicago Lying-In Hospital and theEdward Sanatorium of the Chicago Tuber-culosis Institute, which are also affiliatedwith the University, the University medicaiauthorities assume responsibility for theadmission and care of patients and cooperatewith the Trustees of the Home in othermatters relating to operation. The oldbuilding of the Home will be used as anemergency hospital and free dispensary.Ground for the McElwee and HicksHospitals will be broken before the sum-mer is out.A bequest of $300,000 under the willof the late Harriet G. Smith to establisha memorial to her husband, Charles GilmanSmith, will partially finance the erection ofa contagious disease hospital, to be builtlater, which will adjoin the long mainClinics building on the west, forming acourt north ofthe RobertsHospital. Itwill add to the<U n i v e r-\sity's attack onchildren's diseases a unitfor whichthere is inadequate prò vision in mostcities.The accumulation of interest upon thebequest should make the erection of SmithHospital possible in the next several years.FengerTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEThe University and Better BabiesChicago Lying-In HospitalTHE superb new Chicago Lying-In Hospital which is to be erectedstarting this summer across Drexel Av.from the Bobs Roberts Memorial, facingthe Midway between Drexel and Maryland Avs., does not in the strictest sense"belong" to the University. Yet its rela-tionship through affiliation with the University is so dose as to warrant its inclusionunder the heading "University Buildings."It will stand on University property and itswork will be an intrinsic part of the University's medicai program. Donors to theUniversity, Julius Rosenwald and MaxEpstein, have provided funds for the erection of its gynecological laboratory and forthe operation of its outpatient department.The University will be r*sponsible for itsscientific staff and its research work. Andthe Gothic structure itself will be an essen-tial and beautiful addition to the Midwayskyline, bringing the University to withinabout 100 yards of Cottage Giove Av.Architects Schmidt, Garden and Eriksonhave worked out an interesting design forthe $1,400,000 Hospital and Dispensary.It will rise in rather complex, yet sym-metrical levels of one, three and six floorstoward a climactic eight floor tower, aboutthe height of the Clinics towers, near its Maryland Av. end. A cloister along theMidway will enclose the court formed byits three principal wings.The new building will provide 140 bedsfor obstetrical cases, including a separateisolation pavilion, provided by the Mothers'Aid Club, for 20 septic cases. There willalso be 40 beds for gynecological cases.Union of the Lying-In Hospital, whichhas an international reputation for itswork, and the University, is stated in thecontract as being for the object of "promot-ing the common purpose of the hospitaland the University in improvement of theteaching and practice of obstetrics andgynecology and advancing knowledge inthese fields. The hospital is taking thisstep because its directors are convincedthat the charter powers of the hospital canbe more effectively exercised, the scope ofits work can be extended ; the permanenceof its present high standards can be betterinsured ; better service can be rendered toits patients, to the community and tohumanity, through its intimate associationwith the University of Chicago, the latterproviding a scientific staff and laboratories,a school of nursing and a school of socialservice."Included in the affiliation are the fourfree dispensaries now maintained by theHospital. The Maxwell St. DispensaryThe University and Better Babies, Chicago Lying-In HospitalFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 489has the best record in the world as to per-centage of maternal mortality, only a scoreof patients out of 30,000 having died sinceit was established. Through the Hospitaland dispensaries between 6,000 and 7,000patients are handled annually. There arethree services, free, part-pay and pay, butone of the most important functions hasbeen to provide hospitalization for mothersfrom families of moderate means.Dr. Joseph B. De Lee, a Chicago physician of world-wide reputation in his field,who initiated the Hospital idea in 1892,is its chief of staff. The present hospitalbuilding at 426 East 5ist St. will be sold,the money received to be used as an endow-.ment fund. Many public spirited women of Chicago have played leading parts in thedevelopment of the Hospital. It was underthe energetic direction of Mrs. KelloggFairbank that the funds to build the newHospital were raised. She has been president of the Hospital Board for the past 18years.Including the Roberts, Hicks, McElwee, Country Home and Lying-In unitsthere will be 450 beds for children's medicaiwork at the University of Chicago.Medicine on the West SideRawson Medicai LaboratoryWHILE ali this magnificent development has been unfolding for theSouth Side medicai center the University'sMedicine on the West SideRawson Medicai Laboratory490 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwest side Rush Medicai College has alsoits story of progress. Replacing the oldRush Medicai clinical building, a land-mark since 1875 on the northeast cornerof Harrison and Wood Sts., is the new$600,000 Rawson Laboratory of Medicineand Surgery, now the home of the College.Gifts of Frederick H. Rawson of theUnion Trust Company and ofDr. and Mrs. Norman Bridgeenabled the University tobreak ground on July I7th of1924 for the first structure ofits great building program.Rawson Laboratory, e o m-pletely modem and more thandoublé the size of the Collegeit displaced, is five stories inheight, with a supplementaryfloor on top and the steelframework so constructed thatat any time two additionalfloors may be added.It is of reinforced concretewith a brick and stone front,and is joined with the present Senn Memorial Hospital on the east and with thePresbyterian Hospital on the north. Itcovers an area 100 by 107 feet.Rawson Laboratory houses the variousdepartments for teaching and research inmedicine, and its clinical material is provided through the Central Free Dispensaryon the second, third and fourth floors.The' Dispensary annually treats more than100,000 patients. The first floor is devotedto administrative offices and to the library,built to hold 30,000 volumes. Each of thesecond, third and fourth floors has classrooms, centrai reception rooms and separate examining rooms for men and women.The second floor is devoted to the studyof pédratrics, children's diseases, derma-tology, gynecology and obstetrics. In addition, the best of X-ray apparatus isavailable on that floor.The third floor is devoted exclusivelyto the study of medicine with the exceptionof two laboratories for eye study. Totallywithout naturai light, these eye rooms arepainted black to prevent reflection from thedirected artificial light. AH other roomsAesculapius, Hygeia,and the healing ser-pent; a carvìng on themedicai group.are completely Ut with naturai light. Surgery occupies the fourth floor, while on thefifth are the Norman Bridge pathologylaboratories, a technician's room and a museum. Throughout thelbuilding the equipment is the most modem, includineelectrically operated and accurately controlied incubator hoods and steam sterilizerovens. A minimum of woodhas been used both as a pre-caution against possible fìreand in order to make it easierto preserve the strict cleanli-ness required.Because mothers seekingtreatment at the Dispensaryoften bring their children, aplay room, with a director incharge, has been established.Although the floors of Rawson Laboratory and of thePresbyterian Hospital are notthe same, special elevatorshave been installed, micro-leveling, jarless and fool-proof,which operate between the buildings.Together with Senn Hall, which hasbeen extensively repaired, the PresbyterianHospital, the John McCormick Institutefor Infectious Diseases, the Home for Destitute and Crippled Children, and theteaching facilities at Cook County Hospital, the Rawson Laboratory will eventuallyhouse most of the postgraduate medicai andresearch work, for students who havereceived the M.D. The graduate andprofessional school to prepare students forthe M.D. will be moved to the Midway.Associated with the Rush College, theold building of which was razed for thenew, are such names as Dr. A. D. Bevan,Dr. James B. Herrick, Dr. O. S. Ormsby,Dr. D. D. Lewis, Dr. L. L. McArthur,Dr. Bertram Sippy, Dr. Douglas Moor-head, Dr. Ludvig Hektoen and manyothers.With expenditures for the expansionof medicai facilities totaling nearly$8,500,000 for the period 1925-30, asrecorded in the nine pages above, it is evi-dent that the University's ambition forthe future of its medicai work is unbounded.FIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 491One Hundred Rooms for ResearchJones Chemistry LaboratoryONE HUNDRED two-man researchlaboratories: uniquely, they occupythe bulk of the new George Herbert JonesChemistry Laboratory, forming in thechronology of their contrast to the fiat-building "laboratory" of 1893 one rnoreexample of the University's dramaticgrowth. And in their construction theyteli a story of the advance of chemistryitself.George Herbert Jones, a director of theInland Steel Company, and President ofthe Hillside Fluorspar Co., after one in-spection of the critically crowded KentChemistry Laboratory, gave the University$415,000 for a new chemistry researchbuilding, and later increased the gift to the$665,000 which the structure, now prac-tically complete, has cost. The new building adjoins Kent Laboratory on the west,extending to Ellis Av. with a south wingstretching briefly toward 58r.fi St.At the ceremony of ground-breaking,in May of 1928, Professor Stieglitz, Chair-man of the Chemistry Department, ex- pressed his appreciation to Mr. Jones before500 assembled students. "Our large bodyof staff members and graduate students isrejoicing at this dawn of a new era; theyare now struggling in cramped and inadequate quarters, some in basements incongested laboratories where concentrationand privacy are impossible, and withoutproper space to care for instruments ofprecision. They can hardly await the dayto move into the shelter of private rooms,with ali the equipment that they need andthe opportunity to do their hard thinkingon the spot. It is splendid to reflect thatscientific discoveries will come from thisbuilding far beyond the life of the youngesthere."Said President Mason, "Within the lastdecade the story told by the physicalsciences, surpassing the wildest imagination,has been the basis of a new appreciationof human problems and understanding.We start this new building, in this mostfundamental of sciences, at a time mostcriticai in the development of knowledge."Mr. Jones expressed the belief that thebuilding would assist in forwarding ab-One Hundred Rooms for ResearchJones Chemistry Laboratory492 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEstract scientific work, adding that he"might have been a much poorer man hadPresident Mason decided to remain at theUniversity."When some later generation opens thecornerstone of Jones Laboratory, whichwas laid Sept. I2th of 1928, it will get amixed picture of what is now contemporarycivilization. Copies of the four Chicagoaf ternoon papers of Sept. 1 1 were sealed in,their headlines reading respectively : "HuntUaìe Aid in Killing;" "Special Crime JuryImpaneled ;" "Three Holdup Men RaidHotel ;" and "Two Caught after Bold LoopRobbery." John F. Moulds, Secretary ofthe University's Board of Trustees, uponwhom has devolved the arduous task ofchoosing material for the many new corner-stones, saw to it that a more optimistic sideof 1928 life was presented by including recent articles on chemistry by University andother authorities, material presenting ascomplete a picture as possible of the University's activities, and a picture of GeorgeHerbert Jones.Jones Laboratory is the only universitybuilding in the country intended primarilyfor research and graduate work in chemistry.Like the Great Sterling Laboratory at Yale,its construction anticipates radicai changesin the procedure of experimental chemistry;most of its equipment is movable and manyof its interior walls are non-structural andcan be changed without great difficulty.In its various rooms space is provided for100 research workers and from 200 to 300graduate students. Expensive, elaborateand delicate apparatus can be installed inthe small rooms and used without dangeror disturbance ; special constant-temperaturelaboratories are provided, and rooms forhigh electric currents, which can be usedboth day and night. The first floor and theexcellent basement are spaced with smalllaboratories; the second floor houses thelibrary and similar rooms, as well as theoffice of the Chairman of the Department,and cheerful common rooms for men andwomen. These latter rooms, new to laboratory buildings at the University, afford asocial meeting place for members and students of the Department. The upper floors are devoted to work in organic and in-organic chemistry. Not only will ali of theDepartment's many current investigatioiisbe aided but new ones, hitherto lirrritedbecause of lack of space, will be started-research in colloidal chemistry, so importanein its relation to medicine; investigationsrequiring very high temperature and largepieces of apparatus are only a few of theopportunities opened. Floors are made ofa composition which will not crack.The main entrance to Jones Laboratoryfacing the quadrangles, is diagonallyplaced between the two wings. Exteriorwalls are decorated with figures symbolicof chemistry and alchemy. Coolidge andHodgdon are the architects, and they wereassisted by Professor Herman I. Schlesingerand Superintendent Flook, who inspectedmost of the country's modem laboratoriesbefore going ahead. Jones is connectedwith Kent at three levels and will be usedintimately with it. Most of the under-graduate teaching, offices, lecture rooms,supply and service rooms, will remain inKent.The University's chemistry departmenthas graduated more Doctors of Philosophythan that of any university in the countryand its influence is perforce widespread.The splendid new laboratory should makethat influence even more considerable.For Mathematics, Physics, AstronomyThe New Eckhart HallSUPER -EXACTNESS in the exactsciences, in those fields which seem atonce more "real" and more philosophic thanany other, in which the infinite and the infinitesima!, the star and the atom, the orbitsof galaxies and the orbits of electrons arethe range, super-exactness has added thesound of greatness to the scientific name ofthe University. Ryerson Hall, one of theoldest of campus buildings, and to the casualvisitor "No. 20" on the map of buildings,has been the scene of action for three of theUniversity's most distinguished Departments, Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy. It is better known to readers ofscientific journals than to many an "artsand lit" student.FIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 493Now comes Eckhart Hall to take overmuch of the cramped Ryerson research andteaching. If Eckhart can maintain andfoster the Ryerson tradition, as there isevery reason to expect it will, it has an intense future. Four years ago a committeeof the American Association of Colleges andUniversities, comparing the graduate schoolsof America, declared Chicago pre-eminentin eight of twenty departments; among theeight were Physics and Mathematics. Alithree of America's Nobel Prize winners inPhysics, Professor R. A. Millikan, now ofthe California Institute of Technology, andProfessors A. A. Michelson and Arthur H.Compton, stili of Ryerson Laboratory, havedone their most significant work as RyersonLaboratory men : Millikan's measurementof the charge on the electron; Michelson'smeasurement of the speed of light and of thediameter of Betelguese; Compton's dis-covery of the rebounding electron, aiid hisproof that light is a forni of matter as wellas a wave-form.In that hall has gone forward the pro-found mathematical work of such men asMoore, Slaught, and Dickson. Even lateat night there seems always to be a lightin Ryerson. Inquire, and you might find,for instance, that the worker is Dr. Hoag,taking pictures of radio waves which havebounced up to the North Pole under theKennelly-Heaviside layer, circled the in-verted bowl of electrons, and shot back.The new building which is to expand thepossibilities of such fascinating and esotericwork will complete the Hutchinson Quadrangle. Adjoining Ryerson on the east asJones adjoins Kent on the west, and con-nected with it by corridors at the basementand second levels, Eckhart Hall extends towithin a few feet of University Av. andturns, L shaped, to within fifteen feet ofMandel Hall. A lovely arched passage-way at the juncture of Eckhart and Ryersonwill carry the traffic to and from the MainQuadrangle.Lower stone work for the new Hall isjust being laid and the $600,000 structure,which was made possible through a gift ofBernard A. Eckhart of Chicago, should befinished early next year. There will be four floors and a full basement, the latterto have areaways and large Windows to per-mit complete utilization and ideal temperature and humidity conditions for a series ofphysics research rooms. The first floor willbe devoted to physics research and a largelecture room, seating 239, which should havea good deal of general use. Mathematics,for the first time in its history will be givenadequate quarters when, with Astronomy,it moves into the greater part of the second,third and fourth floors of the new building.There will be five class rooms on the secondfloor, four on the third.The building will provide 39 offices forfaculty and students, and 38 research roomsfor the Department of Physics. On thesecond floor there will be a large readingroom, accommodating 88 earnest readers,with double-deck stacks to shelve 50,000volumes. There will also'be a CommonRoom with kitchenette facilities and an Ex-hibition Room.Charles Z. Klauder of Philadelphia,widely known as architect for buildings inmore than f orty colleges, has provided inhis design of Eckhart Hall not only a beautiful structure but one of the most carefullyplanned buildings in the University group.It is hoped that it may be possible to provide for the renovation of Ryerson PhysicalLaboratory, so that this fine building andits equipment may be brought up to presentday standards. It will be used largely forclassrooms and offices of the Physics Department. The fundamental research workof the Astronomy Department will of coursego on at Yerkes Observatory at WilliamsBay, Wisconsin.Plans are being considered for an ex-tension of the south wall of Mandel Hallstage, which it is proposed to push back asfar as the north wall of Eckhart. Becausesuch a move would expedite the productionof Blackf riar's perf ormances by givingstage-level dressing rooms, the BlackfriarsCorporation has recently given the University several thousand dollars to helpfinance the project. The extension, it maybe gladly noted, would solve at least one ofthe "blank wall" problems.494 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEo'AOCCHHi* 3.x 5< ri,w -s;X E-i<ito SS SS, ofu8S*MI.xv '¦ ':¦FIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 495For the Newer Methods in ZoologyWhitman Experimental LaboratoryNew Methods in ZoologyWhitman Experimental LaboratoryNOT so long ago zoologists were con-tent with using preserved animalsfor research and illustration. Charles OtisWhitman, first Head of the Zoology Department at the University of Chicago,developing his work beyond the vision ofhis time, studied the evolution of species inliving animals. Now the science has ad-vanced into fìelds which not only requireliving animals for research but requireanimai breeding for numerous generations.Such work calls for special quarters fortheir nurture.The new Whitman Laboratory, modemas a research imagination could make it,was erected in 1926 on the southwest cornerof 57th St. and Ingleside Av., one blocknorth of the new Medicai group. Gift ofProfessor Frank R. Lillie, now Chairman ofZoology, and Mrs. Lillie, made possiblethe $130,000 building. The structureproper is a two-story brick adaptation ofnorth Italian Gothic; adjoining it is the$8,000 Guinea Pig House, which with aseries of pens for a colony of 750 chickensand a glass-walled vivarium for certain lower forms of aquatic life, composes adiminutive animai quadrangle.In the building itself the research workershave facilities for reproducing as nearly aspossible the environmental conditions foundin nature. It includes a refrigeration plant,a machine shop, operating rooms, a chemi-cal laboratory, general laboratories, darkrooms, and temperature and humidity roomsenabling easy and precise combination ofthese factors with light-control. The majorportion of the first floor is given over tostudy of the problems of sex in chickens, afield in which the University has madenotable contributions. The second floorand vivarium are equipped for work inanimai ecology and physiological zoology.Experiments of great difficulty and impor-tance in the field of zoology — many of thempointing to an enormously deeper compre-hension ' of the development and future ofthe human race itself — are being prosecutedin the laboratory. Among the theoriesbeing tested is Darwin's theory of sexualselection.The handsome little Guinea Pig House,designed in harmony with Whitman Laboratory by Coolidge and Hodgdon, provides496 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe best of living quarters for the animalsbrought to the University by ProfessorSewall Wright when he joined the faculty.Professor Wright has had the growingcollection through many generations andthe pigs are his principal source of study ingenetics and evolution. The older HullZoology Laboratory is being used for basicinstruction.Glass HousesAnd a New Botany LaboratoryIN THE general widening of facilitiesfor the sciences the Botany Department, also ranked by the committee of theAssociation of Universities as one of thedepartments "best in the country for graduate study," is to have a series of newgreenhouses and a new laboratory, thewhole to cost $250,000. The greenhouses,replacing the antiquated and inadequatehouses on Ellis Av., which are being de-molished to make way for the McElweeand Hicks hospitals, are now complete,half a block of them along the west sideof Ingleside Av. at 57th St. Workingplans for the Laboratory to adjoin them on the north are finished and the contractwill be let soon.Superintendent Flook has described thenew greenhouses as "the finest in the country for research." Thermostatic andhumidity control prevail throughout the24,000 sq. ft. area under glass. In onesection is "vita glass," which permits theviòlet rays to pass through, a gift of thecompany which manufactures it. In an-other section are reproduced the conditionsunder which moist tropic plants thrive; inanother, desert conditions. Several of theplant beds have steam lines for soilsterilization. There are tanks for aquàticplants. In connection with the greenhousesis a 40 x 60 ft. potting shed. The wholecollection of class specimens, economie andmedicinal plants, and the collections ofplants from various parts of the world, hasnow been moved into the new quarters.In the "show room," the largest of thesections, is Professpr Chamberlain's uniquecollection of cycads or "living fossils,"which he gathered in twenty years ofsearching throughout the world. In thenew houses the cycads are expected to liveGlass Housesand a new Botany LaboratoryFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 497forever. "Which means, for our purposes,"he explains, "at least some twenty orthirty thousand years. "The two-story stone Laboratory, inwhich research will go forward in plantphysiology, ecology, pathology, morphology,histology, anatomy and breeding, will coveran area 50 x 100 ft. north of the greenhouses and adjoining them. In it willbe such features as a room in which atemperature of 40 degrees below zero maybe maintained for seed study, a root celiar,a room for reproducing the conditionsunder which fruits and vegetables areordinarily stored, a soil sterilizer, andfacilities for ready control of dark andlight. The potting shed will have ananimai room for Professor Link's studies ofplant diseases and plant parasites. TheLaboratory will cost $125,000.One of the old greenhouse units will bemoved to the new site for the growingof bright plants and flowers to beautifythe quadrangles. It is hoped that moreof the new research greenhouses may bebuilt north of the Laboratory, possibly tooccupy the whole length of Ingleside Av.Social Trends Under the MicroscopeThe Social Sciences BuildingIN HIS first interview with Chicagonewspapermen President-elect RobertMaynard Hutcbins told the reporters that.among other things, he felt the Universityof Chicago was doing more significantwork in the social sciences than any university in the country. The records of thephysical and naturai science departmentsof the University speak, in somewhattechnical language it is true, for them-selves.Though the achievements of the socialscience ,divisions, Sociology, History, Psy-chology, Economics, Politicai Science,Philosophy, Anthropology and Social Service Administration, have individually beenmore than noteworthy, it is probably theeffective coordination of interdepartmentaleffort, achieved during the past fewyears under the University 's new LocaiCommunity Research Committee, whichprdmpted President Hutchins' remark. Dr. Mason once said that the salientadvances of the future would be madein the ranges between what are now theestablished departmental fìelds. Chicago isplaying the trail-blazer in its co-operativeeffort in the social sciences, an effort whichwill shortly have the stimulus of exclusivetenancy in a $650,000 building.Balancing Wieboldt Hall, which standswest of Harper Library, the new SocialSciences Building is now rising east ofHarper, adjoining the Library and extend-ing to within fifteen feet of Nancy FosterHall. Coolidge and Hodgdon have de-signed a five-floor structure somewhatresembling Wieboldt save that its quadrangle entrance is a massive pipjectingportai.The committee which was appointed tocanvass the country in search of workingsuggestions for the interior arrangementfor the new building found that theirproblem was unique, that no "social sciencelaboratory" such as the one they contem-plated exists in America. So the SocialSciences Building, as well as the enterprisewhich it will house, is an originai. Pro-vision is made for a working library andfor seminar rooms, but there are to be nobook stacks or class rooms as such. Offices,work-rooms and study rooms will occupymost of the building.On the first floor will be a suite ofadministrative offices, a centrai clericaland stenographic headquarters, a lecturehall seating 175, and four large seminarand! conference rooms, one equipped with amicrophone for broadcasting. On thesecond floor will be an attractive common-room, offices and laboratories for theDepartment of Anthropology, and a rowof workrooms for the particular projeets,each with its office adjoining. One of thefeatures of the third floor will be a laboratory equipped with certain chemistry apparatus for Professor Thurstone's blood-test work in psychology. There will alsobe a periodical room and space for a largecollection of government publications onsocial statistics. The fourth floor will havetwo large statistica! laboratories and thefifth will contain one room 120 feet long498 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINl;ig*W \9tr ss , ' aa.oo«« ?w .SiO 5cfi '**61a! M<5oco•FIVE YEARS OF BUILDINGfor maps and charts, as well as a seriesof small offices for assistants and graduatestudents.What have,adding and calculating ma-chines, card-punching and sorting engines,integraphs, harmonic analyzers and ali theunbelievably efficient apparatus of a modemstatistical plant to do with a comprehensivestudy of man as a social animai ? Enoughso that the Social Sciences Building willhave $40,000 worth of such equipment.Social statistics, under the Locai Community Research Committee, are registeredcompactly and completely on punchedcards, with remarkable fidelity to what maybe called the nuances of social conduct.One of the thirty major projeets of theCommittee, a project which someone shouldhave started somewhere long ago, is thelarge scale collection and standardizationof social statistics. Marvelous combina-tions of facts can be adduced from the ma-chines, tendencies can be traced, curvesplotted, trends pursued in a few days whichunder the old pen-and-paper system wouldtake weeks for allocation.Under the direction of Professor Léonard White of the Politicai Science Department researchers from the social sciencesdepartments will attack each of the Com-mittee's projeets from their respectivepoints of view. Chicago, "most typicalof American cities," is their laboratory.Thus far the Committee has published al-most a hundred studies. Typical of theproblems on which its 75 full-time workersare employed are the studies of organizedcrime, of the causes of war, of personality,of urban ecology, of every phase of munic-ipal government and politics. The LauraSpelman Rockefeller Foundation gave thebuilding fund.Said Professor T. V. Smith at the lastFaculty-Trustees dinner, "We are becom-ing eyes for the city, which for lack ofvision has sprawled physically and reeledspiritually."What we have achieved in Rvt yearsunder adverse circumstances of novelty andmeagre equipment cannot well but be pro-missory of stili better results under better-ing circumstances." In the Field of the HumanitiesWieboldt HallTHE ONLY building; in the worldin which specialists in each of themodem languages, having exclusive pos-session, can find such opportunities forcoordinating their mutuai work of addingto the world's store of knowledge." Thatremark, dropped by Professor AlexanderHohlfeld of the University of Wisconsinat the dedication of Wieboldt Hall in July1928, is a summary-description of the University's new Hall of Modem Languages.As a center for the study of the broad cultural values embodied in the term LitteraeHumaniores the University of Chicago hasan honorable history and an admirablerecord of achievement. The names ofHarper, Breasted, Shorey, Manly, Nitze,Goodspeed, Buck, Dargan, Craigie, Cross,Laing, Grane, Baskerville, Taylor, Ull-man, are warrant of that. In 19 15 theDepartments of Latin, Greek and Comparative Philology were given a home withthe completion of the Classics Building;next year the Orientai language departments will have a permanent center in thenew Orientai Institute ; last year the Modem Languages had their important turn.Wieboldt Hall, a Coolidge and Hodgdoncreation in easy Gothic harmony with therest of the University, is the $550,000 giftof William A. Wieboldt, the Chicagomerchant whose name it bears. It completely fills the gap which once existedbetween Harper Library and the ClassicsBuilding, along the Midway east of EllisAvenue, and by its juncture at every levelwith those buildings, gives a concrete unityto a great part of the work being done irtthe humanities at the University."Wieboldt Hall is a symbol of modem:philology," continued Professor Hohlfeldat the dedication. "It is .the embodimentof an ideal of coòperation in research whichhas long existed at the University of Chicago, and which is becoming the ideal ofphilological departments throughout thenation. The great Goethe would have en-joyed living in the universalism of yourcampus."500 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE^Emerson CervantesThe exterior is executed in pleasingdetail, with sculptured heads of Dante,Chaucer, Cervantes, Shakespere, Miltonand Molière, interspersed with grotesques,punctuating the Quadrangle facade; ofHugo, Goethe, Schiller, Lessing, Emersonand Ibsen, the midway facade. A juttingarched passageway from the Midway tothe quadrangle, at the Classics end, is nowone of the principal entries to the University's main quadrangles.Occupymg a part of the first and secondfloors of Wieboldt, as well as both decksof its doublé basement, are the stacks con-taining ali the books especially the propertyof the Modem Language departments, upto the number of 229,000. The basementstacks, connecting with those of bothHarper and Classics, give the Libraries ablock-long reach, a long region mysteriousto most undergraduates. It has been esti-mated that with the addition of the Wieboldt stacks, the total book shelves of the HugoUniversity, if laid end to end, a procedurewhich no librarian would approve, wouldextend 34 miles.Surrounding the Wieboldt stacks andgiving easy access to them are the seminarrooms and the offices of research instructors.Within the stacks themselves are 81 cubi-cles for advanced students engaged inspecial investigations. It has been re-marked that the number and quality ofstudents seeking admission to the graduatelanguage departments has increased mark-edly since the opening of the new hall.On the first and second floors there arealso classrooms and seminar rooms. Thethird floor is given over to a large readingroom, connected with the reading roomsof Harper and Classics, capable of seating225, and a periodical room containing cur-rent numbers of ali important periodicalsin the various language fìelds, with complete fìles for those in Constant use. Inthe manuscript room is the recently pur-Ibsen Schiller LessingFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 501chased Goethe library of Professor Som-merfeld of Munich, which contains themost complete working collection of sourcematerials on that poet-philosopher availablein America.The most spectacular work, if such aword may be used, goes forward on thefourth floor. Here are the workrooms forProfessor Sir William Craigie's monumentai project for compiling an historicaldictionary of American English; of Professor Manly's project for editing the wholeof Chaucer's works from the most completematerials ever assembled; for the cooperative enterprise of ali the departments onthe Arthurian Cycle of Romances; for theBalzac and Milton projeets; and for aseemingly misplaced physiology laboratory,for research in the mechanism of speechproduction and phonetics. At presenttwenty-six professors and their graduatestudents have offices and workrooms inWieboldt.The description and evaluation and theteaching of modem languages and theirliteratures, and the interpretation of theliteratures in the light of the personalityand environment of their creators, this isthe tremendous scope of the work in Wieboldt. German, Hollandish, Frisian,Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, Flemish,and English, the so-called Germanie languages, and French, Spanish, Italian andIrish, the Romance languages, are the fieldsof study. In the latter departments theUniversity of Chicago has been declaredthe leader of ali American graduate schoolsby a committee of the American Associa-tion of Colleges and Universities.Wieboldt Hall is intended primarily forcriticai scholarship and graduate study,though its libraries are of course open toali. Its occupancy has released space inother buildings, notably Cobb Hall, whichare now used for undergraduate and ad-ministrative work.A New CrusadeThe Orientai InstituteMAKING the ancient Near East liveagain, digging out the story of itsprimary role in the slow growth of civiliza- tions, surely that is a dramatic task for amidwestern American university. It is thetask of Professor James Henry Breasted,who with Michelson is easily the "mosteminent" here, and his Orientai Institute.Since 19 19 it has been fruitful work, andnow the Institute has been assured ad-ditional funds, forming the larger part ofplans for a total endowment of $9,500,000,which will more than doublé the effective-ness of that work.Recovery and interpretation of thevestiges of man's earliest civilizations willbe attempted on an unprecedented scale.A new Institute building will be' built toserve as headquarters and museum for thesix expeditions now in the field, and forsuch other expeditions as may be dispatched,and for teaching and research. In hispresidential address before the AmericanHistorical Association in December of1928, Professor Breasted, in memorablewords, called the work of salvaging therecords of the Ancient Near East "thegreatest responsibility confronting the his-torian anywhere in the whole range ofhistorical research."Henceforward we shall be able for thefirst time to look upon the Institute as apermanent agency for meeting this greatresponsibility for saving and interpretingto the modem world the vast body ofperishing documents which lie scat-tered far across the distant lands of theEast," he said, in making the announce-ment."The disclosures which the researches ofthe Orientai Institute should bring to theworld will contribute to make more clearto ali modem men that imposing vista ofthe human past which saw the emergenceof the highest human values, and trans-formed our father Man from savagery insome remote cavern, where at most hecould count Rve by the aid of his fingers,into a godlike creature who reached'out tothe stars on those Babylonian plains andmade the first computations which have atlength enabled us to plumb the vast deepsof the universe."It was along with such responses tothe visible world of Nature around him in502 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe ancient east that these early men beganto look also within and first become con-scious of an inner world — a world of newand higher values, the hardly audiblewhispers of inner impulses about to becomethe imperious voice of conscience. . . .Itis appalling to behold the priceless me-morials of man's past rapidly perishing withevery passing year. The monuments ofthe ancient east are calling for a NewCrusade." The new grant, for the NewCrusade, will enable the Institute to calito its ranks a group of the leading orien-talists and historians of the world, in factwill make it a great center — one hesitatesonly as a genuflection to good taste tosay "greatest in the world" — for Orientaistudies.The new Institute building will occupythe northwest corner of the Chapel Block,at 58r.fi St. and University Av., displacingthe Commerce and Administration Building, which will be moved to another University site as yet undetermined. The present pian is to enclose a small quadranglewith the Institute structure, three sides tobe built as soon as plans are ready, thefourth later. The Bertram Goodhue Associates, who completed the pian for theChapel after the death of Goodhue, arethe designers of the Institute, which willbe harmonious with the Chapel, setting offits towering beauty. It will have threefloors, with possibly a fourth along theUniversity Av. side, and its immediate costcompletely equipped with furniture andexhibition cases, will be approximately$700,000.More than doublé the space now provided for museum purposes in the oldheadquarters in Haskell Museum will beavailable in the new Institute, for theStorage and display of the most significantof the material discoveries. The extantcollection is invaluable, cannot be dupli-cated, and when stili more of the carefullyorganized expeditions are sent to the field,each salvaging the remains of one greatcivilization, its importance will become in-creasingly urgent. Already 100 cases cfmaterial are en route from Iraq, and 14from Megiddo. There will be rooms for "The Story of Egypt," for Palestine, As-syria, Anatolia. For such priceless piecesas the Golden Pectoral, a representationof the Biblical "golden calf," out of thetomb of an unknown Palestinian king, astrong room will be built.Offices for the enlarged faculty, classrooms and seminar rooms, preparatory andrehabilitation rooms, space for the libraryand archives, ali will of course be included.In addition there will be a charminglecture hall, seating about 300, which, withits cinematograph equipment, is expectedto prove an ideal room for invita-tion lectures not requiring the use ofMandel hall but too popular for HarperM 11.It is singularly appropriate, in theopinion of Director Breasted, that the newOrientai Institute, in which the wholegamut of developing civilization is therange of study, should be located on thesame area as the Chapel and the proposedArt Building, which symbolize two of thefinest fìowerings of that civilization, artand religion.Thus the Orientai Institute of the University of Chicago, "the first laboratoryfor the study of man and especially hisearly career," is to preserve and interpretin its splendid new building, records andrelics of times and places and men whichwere in their way, splendid, too.The Institute "on location" —Chicago Houses at Luxor, ArmageddonSOME Uve thousand miles from theMidway, on the sites of two of theOrientai Institute's field projeets, those atLuxor in Egypt and at Armageddon inPalestine, there have been built during thepast Uve years two "Chicago Houses,"headquarters for the expeditions. Theyare worthy of inclusion in a story of University building from more than a "fea-ture" point of view.Facing the Nile, and in view of theSphinx, now less enigmatic than in thedays before archaeology became a science,stands the House at Luxor, on the westernedge of the great Theban Plain. It isFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 503The Institute "On Location"Chicago Houses at Luxor and Armageddon5°4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe most completely equipped archaeologicalbuilding in the Near East, the headquarters for the epigraphic and archi-tectural work on the Tempie of MedinetHabu, and it provides quarters for a staffof 20 men, and their wives and servants.It has work-rooms, a library, living rooms,engine rooms, garage, offices, photographicand Storage rooms, 76 rooms altogether. Itis divided into two parts by a little avenue.Behind it cliffs rise to the Sahara DesertPlateau, and immediately behind them,— the cliffs, that is — is a basin in which isthe famous royal cemetery of the Pharaohs,now known to ali the world as the placeof Tutenkhamon's tomb. The cost of theHouse was about $50,000. Julius Rosen-wald was the donor.On the Plain of Megiddo in Palestineis the headquarters for the work of ex-cavating in the ancient battle-city ofArmageddon. The House serves a staffof ten. It is of heavy stone masonry andlike Luxor House contains living andworking quarters, drafting and photo-graphic rooms. In nearby structures areworkshops, kitchen and provision maga-zines, Storage for antiquities, and a garagefor three automobiles. Cost of the plant was$35,000. It was the Megiddo expedition which last year uncovered the stables ofKing Solomon.The Institute's newest expedition, thatto Khorsabad in Iraq near Nineveh andthe Tigris River, is at present housed in therambling rush-roofed house of the native"Agha" or village chieftain, which the University purchased. Upon his return fromthe site last month after the first season'swork Professor Edward Chiera reportedthe excavation of the palace of Sargon IIand the discovery of the palace of Senna-cherib, the warriors who as successivekings of Assyria are mentioned in the OldTestament as conquerors of the Jews.From the palace of Sargon 125 tons ofsalvaged relief work, including some of thefìnest specimens of Assyrian art ever re-covered, are en route to Chicago for thenew Orientai Institute museum.The University will continue its ex-cavations on the site until a reasonablyaccurate picture of Assyrian life in theseventh century before Christ may bedrawn. The house of the chief will haveto be demolished because it stands directlyabove Sargon's quarters. For the work ofthe expedition in the future the erectionof a new house is contemplated.¦ ¦.-:>»¦, 1 1On Sacred GroundSwift Divìnity HallFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 505CommonDivinityOn Sacred GroundSwift Divinity HallON THE east wall of theRoom of the new SwiftHall hangs the portrait of Nathaniel Col-ver, inscribed "1794-1870 — Preacher, Ab-olitionist, Educator ; A Founder of theDivinity School in 1865-66." That worthyfìghter for a more enlightened, Godly racecould hardly have foreseen, of course, thathis memory would be so vividly kept in theloveliest room of a school which perpetuatesthe institution he helped found — as theUniversity Divinity School is a continua-tion of the Baptist Theological Union —in one of the most beautiful buildings of agreat University.Directly east of Cobb Hall — where oncedipped a stretch of campus sacred to alumnias "Sleepy Hollow" — now stands SwiftHall, said not unfairly to be one of themost beautiful structures of its kind in theworld and one of the best planned buildings in the University for educational purposes. It houses the work of a School whichwith its allied activities such as the American Institute of Sacred Literature, hasaimed to be not only a professional schoolfor the training of men for the ministry but a school of research in ali matters that con-tribute directly to knowledge and clearthinking in religion.Though the new Theology Building waserected in 1925 it was not until after thededication in 1926 that the name of thedonor was revealed, as stonecutters gradu-ally chiseled out "Swift" on the stone panelabove the entrance. Mrs. Ann HigginSwift, wife of Gustavus Swift, made possible the $600,000 hall. A four-storyT-shaped structure in the best collegiateEnglish Gothic, it extends 130 feet alongthe line made by Cobb, Rosenwald andWalker, at its deepest 122 feet. Carvingsand detail are reminiscent of Oxford.On the first floor are the offices ofadministration, in which William RaineyHarper's desk is used by Dean ShailerMathews ; offices for the Journal of SemiticLanguages and Literatures and the Journalof Religion; and the extensive CommonRoom, beautifully wainscoted, and red-Saxony-carpeted, in which are portraits ofRev. Colver, Galusha Anderson, presidentof the Old University of Chicago, ErnestDeWitt Burton, Professor Andrew Mc-Laughlin, Dean Shailer Mathews andDean Eri Hulbert.Swift Hall from the South East506 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEClassrooms, a women's common roomand offices occupy the second floor ; seminarrooms and the bright library reading room,with its wood-trussed ceiling, the thirdfloor; and rooms for public speaking, musicand pageantry and various offices the fourthfloor. The library stacks, holding 60,000volumes, fili two half-floors beneath thereading room. In ali there are 58 rooms.Chicago Divinity men have been fruit-ful research workers in religion, prolificin writing. The list of books which havebeen written or edited by the members ofthe Faculty — notably, for instance, themodem versions of the New and OldTestaments — is a very long one, possiblysurpassing that of any other group of menof equal numbers in the University, or anyother theological faculty in the country.The staff includes many of the best mindsin that field, and the student enrolmentrose last year to an unprecedented 512with 204 more affiliated frorri the ChicagoTheological Seminary. The new buildingnow houses, for instance, the study of the in-valuable Rockefeller-McCormick Byzan-tine Bible, and Professor Sweet's collectionof the apparatus of early American religion.Such intensive and extensive work couldnot have been cramped into the old headquarters in Haskell Institute. Swift Hallafforded a release and a widened oppor-tunity as well as a beautiful addition tothe quadrangles. Again, Coolidge & Hodg-don are the architects.And Its Place forWorshipBond Divinity ChapelSET into the site justwest of the walkbetween Swift and Haskell, and east of BlakeHall (old "North Divinity Dormitory") is thecolorful Bond Chapel,completed shortly afterthe dedication of Swiftand now the scene of dailyworship for the Divinityfaculty and students. Itwas given by Mrs. Joseph The CloisterBond in memory of her husband, a formerTrustee of the Theological Union, and itscost was $150,000.No effort was spared to make BondChapel a perfect piece. Exterior and interior are jewel-like. The walls are dividedinto six bays, with buttresses flanking theoutside, one larger window framed at eachend. The front facade, facing east, whichis approached by a flagstone walk betweentwo evergreens, is abundantly carved ;graven on the west facade are the words"Ye shall know the truth and the truthshall make you free." The west window, ofstained glass, is by Charles J. Connick.Seraphim and cherubini look down uponthe interior from the oak ceiling. Belowthe windows and above the panelling theseven Beatitudes can be read around theroom. The Chapel seats 300; it has beenmuch in demand for weddings.It has been said that quadrangles at theUniversity of Chicago are three sided, andwith the exception of Hull Court, the re-mark was more than true until the erectionof Swift and Bond, which now completethe Divinity Quadrangle. Eckhart Hall,now under construction, will complete theHutchinson Quadrangle. With the com-pletion of Divinity Quadrangle has comethe landscaping of the court, as indeed hascome the feeling that the beautification ofgrounds around ali new buildings adds,with relatively small expense, those im-portant final touches which make thequadrangles effectivelybeautiful. In the DivinityQuadrangle the old driveto the Classics Buildinghas been torn up, shrub-bery and grass planted,diagonal flagstone walksplanned, and the wrought-iron lamp posts given bythe Class of 191 3, in-stalled.Connecting BondChapel with Swift Hallis a new L shaped stonecloister, richly Gothic,which was built at a costof $30,000.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 5°7Completing the Divinity QuadrangleBond Divinity Chapel508 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEInterior of Bond Divinity ChapelFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 509A Sanctuary of Strength and BeautyThe New University Chapel\S THE University's Founder desired,xxthe new University Chapel now dom-inates the quadrangles with its beauty andits impressive size, so that ali the Gothicbuildings seem to have drawn architecturalinspiration from its lovely design. Cen-trally placed as it is, the Chapel willdominate also the South-of-the-Midwaybuildings to come.Because a book could be written aboutthe Chapel — in fact one has been written;because this magazine has recently devotedone full issue to its exposition; and becausethe Chapel has been more visited and morepublicised since its erection than any otherUniversity building, no attempt will bemade to describe it.One development which only recentlybecame known is that a carillon of 64 bells,to cost $200,000 has been ordered for in-stallation in the Chapel's tali tower.As an originai and distinctive variationupon the best that the Gothic tradition has to offer, Architect Bertram G. Goodue'smasterpiece has been hailed, perhaps tooenthusiastically, as the most beautifulChapel in the nation. In its beauty andstrength are the satisfaction of Mr. JohnD. Rockefeller's ambition that the Chapelhe gave should symbolize ali the University's ideal values and the essentiallyreligious nature of the University's spirit.The Chapel is so constructed that it willstand for centuries.In the brief period since its dedicationOctober 28th, 1928 the Chapel has tappedunsuspected depths of feeling among students, faculty and neighbors, as evidencedby the popularity of its services and theresponse which has greeted the humanita-rian projeets being promoted by the Boardof Social Service and Religion.Cost of the Chapel, which faces the Midway at Woodlawn Av., was $1,800,000. Itis hoped that a new President's House,Gothic in design and connected with theChapel by a cloister, may be built northof the present House on the Chapel Blockin the future.A Sanctuary of Strength and BeautyThe New University Chapel5io THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESouth of the MidwayGreat New DormitoriesIF ANYONE stili needs convincing thatthe University of Chicago is determinedto maintain undergraduate colleges "the bestfor their time and place," let him considerthe implications of the dormitory buildingproject which by the autumn of 1930 willprovide two new quadrangles of collegedwellings, well-nigh ideal, for a total of780 students. Intended primarily or atleast eventually — for undergraduates, thenew residence halls furnish one strikinglytangible evidence of the University's con-tinually increasing ambition for the highdevelopment not only of peiisonnel andteaching among the undergraduates but alsofor their daily way of life.Three million dollars will be the cost ofthe units for which ground will be brokenthis fall. If further need becomes apparentthe Board of Trustees is prepared to author-ize the erection of additional units up to atotal cost of five millions. Mr. JuliusRosenwald, member of the Board andgenerous benefactor whose service to theUniversity cannot be too warmly acknowl-edged, has offered to pay forty per cent ofthe total cost. He will give $1,200,000 ofthe three million dollar program, and anadditional $800,000 if the Board latervotes a rive million dollar enterprise.In making the announcement, in Decem-ber of 1928, Acting-President Woodwardsaid: "The implications of this program andits meaning to the future of the Universitywill be gratifying to its alumni and friends.The new dormitories will not only solve thehousing problem, which has become con-stantly more perplexing, but will make itpossible to provide for a large proportionof the student body those stimulating as-sociations and wholesome influences outsidethe class-room which are essential to a well-rounded educational program." ThusChicago, the University will know the ad-vantages of a compact college communitywithout sacrificing the undeniable culturaladvantages inherent in its place in a greatcity.South of the Midway! The dormitories will be the first members of the University^Gothic f amily to break the Midway barrier •the oldest, it is to be hoped, of a South linewhich. will some day flank the doublé driveand make it a unique and magnificent mile-long panorama of beauty. That picture hasbeen woven into the University's dreamsever since John D. Rockefeller twenty-fiveyears ago presented a gratefully surprisedBoard of Trustees with three million dollars' worth of land which he had quietlysecured, the entire South front of the Boulevard from Cottage Grove to DorchesterAvenue, three solid blocks and six portion-blocks.According to present plans the quadrangle for 380 women, already authorized,will rise facing the Midway along 6oth St.between Woodlawn and University Avs. ;that for 400 men between Greenwood andEllis. Important among the features of thescheme is the ampie provision made for rec-reation and intramural sports on the squareblock of Greenwood Field between thequadrangles, the field now used for baseballand polo. New University tennis courts arenow in use west of the dormitory site. Present dormitories house 320 men and 290women.Dean Chauncey S. Boucher, foremostexponent of the new dormitory idea, hassurveyed the entire range of American college dormitories to seek out those featuresbest adapted to the locai situation, as he hasindeed surveyed the whole field of Americanand European undergraduate educationin preparing a pian for the revision of theundergraduate regimen, which if approved,will be more progressive and significant thanany yet undertakén in America. For thedormitory plans he has called student meet-ings to discuss the size of rooms, the numberof refectories and of common rooms, themethod of management. Some of theseproblems are stili to be settled.The. halls will probably be of the entrytype, similar to Hitchcock Hall, ratherthan the corridor type. Each unit of fourfloors will serve a group of about thirty-five students. Because of Mr. Rosenwald'shelp in the financing of the project theUniversity will probably be enabled toFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 5nsupply both room and board for aboutthirteen dollars a week per resident. Re-marking upon the useful role played byfraternities in the whole economy of studentlife, Professor David Harrison Stevens,newly appointed Associate Dean of theFaculties, pointed out at one of the studentmeetings that fraternities could take overentire units in the new dormitories, if theythought the arrangement wise.A tunnel footway under the Midway,between the South side, which may eventu-ally be the home of the junior colleges, andthe North side is now under discussion.While casual motorista on the Drives turnto ask what place is that, students may passserenely under, safe from accident and safealso from the notorious wintry blasts.The new residence halls will be a reali-zation of Presidente Burton's hopes. "Weurgently need additional buildings for theresidence of our students," he said in 1924."not mere dormitories, but places of humaneeducational residence. Ali should beplanned with a view to uniting, as far aspossible, the two lines of influence which inour American colleges have been unfortu-nately separated in large measure as numbershave increased, namely, intellectual aerivi ty on the one hand and friendly contactwith persons on the other."Graduate Students are Social-MindedThe New Graduate ClubhouseWHILE it does not classify as a "newbuilding" — except in its furniture andfoundation — the Graduate Clubhouse, during its three years as such, has been one ofthe University's most successful ventures incaring for the non-curricular wants ofstudents. When trustees of the ChicagoTheological Seminary were ready to givethe signal for action on their imposing newcenter at 58th St. and University Av. theygave their old structure at 5757 UniversityAv. to the University. And it was movednorth down the block to a site between theQuadrangle Club tennis courts and the PhiKappa Sigma House.It is a beautiful example of Georgianarchitecture ; and the University spared noexpense to give it richly appropriate period furniture. Its first floor is given over tothree lounging rooms, its second floor tothree dining rooms, and its third floor toa series of smaller rooms for club meetings,study and social purposes. Billiard tablesare in the basement. It has proved an idealclubhouse, popular with graduate and professional students, and at meal times thereis often a line for its thronged tables. Costto the University for moving and foundationwas about $17,500, an excellent investment.Long and ArchedBernard E. Sunny GymnasiumSOUTH-SIDERS who attended theUniversity of Chicago High Schooland had to shoot their baskets low and fastrather than long and arched because theroof of the decrepit "U Hi" gymnasium isonly fifteen feet high should get a retrospec-tive thrill from knowing that their succes-sors have a great new modem gymnasiumto play and scrap in. "Generous gifts ofMr. Bernard E. Sunny of Chicago havemade possible a new gymnasium for theElementary and High School of the University of Chicago, to be known as theB. E. Sunny Gymnasium," read aUniversity announcement of May, 1928.Almost finished now, the Sunny Gymrises in its new limestone whiteness on Jack-man Field, along the east side of KenwoodAv. Easternmost edifice of the long Gothicline of the Midway, the structure will erasefrom the University's list of problems thelongest-wanted need in that end of theUniversity world. It is immediately acrossKenwood Av. from Blaine and BelfieldHalls, in which the laboratory schools arehoused, and it has for a back yard the University's square-block playing field, boundedby 58th St., Dorchester Av. and thè Midway, which will be enclosed with a taliwrought iron fence.Architects Armstrong, Furst and Tilton,authorized to design a $400,000 structure,have provided a handsome building.Lockers, showers and the gymnasium properare on the first level. The playing floor,divided into two sections, one for girls, onefor boys, has a partition which may be re-moved for basketball games and social512 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE'"*^*&5fca#<niigteM*.i*&ifeEasternmost of the Midway's Gothic LineBernard E. Sunny Gymnasiumevents. One end of the gym shelters a25x60 foot swimming pool, comparable tothe natatoriums in Bartlett Gym and IdaNoyes Hall. On the second level is a cor-rective gymnasium."The design of the exterior is an adapta-tion of English Gothic," say the architects."It is ali of stone, with large areas ofplain surface to lend a strength in keepingwith its character: these walls are relievedby openings and have a certain amount ofornamentai work. The contrast of the endwing with the main structure emphasizesthe height and vertical lines of the buildingproper."Bernard E. Sunny, first to see the needfor the gym, is Chairman of the University'sCitizens Committee. And he is also Chairman of the Board of the Illinois BellTelephone Company, vice-president of theGeneral Electric Company, a director offìfteen other business institutions, leader inmany of Chicago's worthiest public enter-prises, philanthropist and citizen extra-ordinary.Sunny Gymnasium will be used forphysical education more than for inter-scholastic competition, said Professor HenryC. Morrison, Director of the LaboratorySchools, at the ground-breaking. Therewill be no gaps in its program. MaxMason, in his last public appearance asPresident of the University, told a dis- tinguished gathering of elders and twothousand enthusiastic youngsters at thatceremony that "It is only within the lastfew decades that we have realized howclosely mind and body work together. Thisbuilding will be invaluable in the production of mentally and physically disciplinedmen and women."Part of the site of the ancient and notvery venerable wooden structure which hasbeen used as the High School Gymnasiumwill probably be utilized for the proposedgraduate School of Education Building.Sixty Thousand Seats Face Stagg'sGridironThe North Grandstand and MorePHYSICAL development is an essentialaccompaniment of the intellectual life,and sport is a naturai companion of study.This belief has been responsible duringthe past several years for the completionof first important steps in the University'scoherent program for extension of itsathletic plant, for intramural as well asintercollegiate sports.In 1926 carne the towering North Stand,a steel and concrete addition to the Stadiumseating 20,000. In time for the 1928season had come the installation of re-movable steel bleachers for the South andEast sides of Stagg Field, replacing thevastly inadequate old circus seats, bringingfive years of building 513the total football seating capacky to 60,000,nearly doublé that of 1925.Like so many other phases of the University, the North Grandstand was plannedwith a long look ahead. It is an admir-able permanent grandstand. The rise between tiers is adequate, the seats aremarked off with a liberal understandingof the normal proportions of the humanbody, the overwhelming proportion ofplaces fall between the end-lines, rampsand passageways fili: and clear the stadiumrapidly, there is an excellent ,three-tierenclosed press-box and four booths forbroadcasting. But to the casual eye thething seems incomplete; as indeed it is.For one thing, the stadium steel was sospecified and placed as to eventually sup-port a second deck; eighteen girders abutslightly through the sloped surface of thestand. For another thing the huge spacebeneath the stand, now empty and gaunt,was so designed as to be the locus of ahuge and almost spectacular Hall for In-tramural Sports. When the North wallof the stadium is b'uilt it will enclose aspace 441 feet long and 50 feet wide. TheGreat Hall will probably be 24 ft. high,from the ground level, and above it will betwo additional floors. Virtually anothergymnasium, the North Stand will provideareas for subdivision into game rooms forfencing, wrestling, indoor golf and practicetennis courts, squash, handball .and basket-ball courts. An eight-lap indoor cindertrack is also contemplated. Under theguidance of Dr. C. O. Molander, in-tramural sports have boomed remarkablyat the University during the past Uve years,and their scope has not been limited toundergraduates but includes graduate students and faculty as well. Intramuralfacilities have been patently inadequate tomeet the new trend, but the proposed newHall, according to W. Scott Bond, trusteeand Chairman of the Committee on Plansfor Athletic Development, "will give theathletic department almost unequalledequipment for the encouragement of ath-letics and will allow the participation of-every physically fit student, in addition tothe regular program of intercollegiate sports." In the building of the Stand everyprovision was made to anticipate that development. Holabird and Roche were itsarchitects.The new steel bleachers enclosing thefield on the south and east were found to bethe happy solution of the problem of pro-viding the maximum requirement of com-fortable seats without permanently spoilingthe field for track and other activities.Fifty tiers of seats now rise during the football season along the south edge of thegridiron, forty along the east. The cost ofmoving them to and from their Storage inthe North Stand is less than the cost ofmoving and repairing the old wooden job.The appearance of Stagg Field has beenmaterially improved, and undesirable seatsections have been removed by the roundingout of ali corners of the field with the exception of the northwest.Improvements have been made on thefield itself. Turned now to an east-westaxis, the area has been leveled and sodded.With the rebuilding of the Field wall andprovision for the removable stands made,one of the finest tracks in the country hasbeen created. It has a 220 yard straight-away, 30 feet wide, and a quarter-miletrack, with excellent facilities for fieldevents. An ingenious arrangement of Mr.Stagg's by which chutes lead from the wallon a tangent into the track proper, hasgiven the longest possible straightaway fora field of 30 middle distance runners.Nor is this ali. The Field House project is at the top of the list for futureathletic building. When the program wasunder consideration in 1926 the economicsof the situation suggested naturally thatthe North Stand and augmented bleachersbe built first, and with the athletic surplusthus derived, the Field House next, fol-lowed by the North Stand wall and GreatHall. Unlike many of the newer collegestadia in the country the North Stand isnow completely paid for. Its cost, includ-ing field changes, was $550,000, or about$28 a seat. Cost of the steel bleachers wasabout $7 a seat. After a sufEcient fund hasaccumulated the Field House will beerected on one of the blocks contiguous to514 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEStagg Field. A fenced-in football practicefield now occupies more than a quarter of asquare block north from 56th St. alongGreenwood Av.Meanwhile thirty new tennis courts havebeen built during the past two years, four-teen of them along Ingleside Avenue between 57th and 5Óth Sts., sixteen along thesouth side of the Midway between CottageGrove and Drexel Avenues. Mr. Stagg hasbeen tentatively offered the use of the gi-gantic new government armory in Washington Park at 53rd St. and Cottage GroveAvenue for track purposes ; the University'sR. O. T. C. has been offered its use forpolo.More Light — More HeatBlackstone Avenue Power HouseARMTH in winter for a score ofnew buildings, and light, how are theyto be furnished? Trustees and ofEcers ofBuildings and Grounds obviously cannottake such vital matters for granted with thealmost bottomless capacity of students for sodoing.Designers of the present Ingleside AvenuePower Plant could not have foreseen, in1901, that the actual and unprecedentedphysical expansion of the university wouldby 1929 exhaust the Plant's capacity for en-largement. The Trustees of 1928, with thewider possibilities of the future clearly out-lined, realizing that the present Plantcontributes little to the beauty of the quadrangles and that its site must certainly beused some day for academic or servicebuildings — possibly for a Biological Institute — secured a tract at 6ist St. and Blackstone Av. pleasantly removed from theGothic horizon and adjoining the tracks ofthe Illinois Central. On it is being erectedthe new Plant, which will be in operationOctober of this year.Says the University Record for May,1928: "Estimates by engineers show thatby 1930 47,000,000 cubie feet of buildingspace will have to be provided for, anaddition of 29,000,000 cubie feet over thepresent amount. This will require the useof 10,000 horse power, and the estimatedoes not include supply for the administra- tion and art buildings or for halls, gym,nasium and libraries for the colleges ofArts, Literature and Science, ali sure to bebuilt within the next decade or so."Although since 19 19 over $450,000 hasbeen expended on the equipment of the present plant, with the steadily increasing loadnotably of the medicai group, it has ofcourse, reached the limit of enlargemént andimprovement."From the standpoint of mechanical ef-ficency the new power house will rankwith the largest modem centrai stationplants. The structure itself is narrow andhigh, of dark red brick trimmed with Bedford stone, its 150-ft. stacks partly con-cealed by the roof. Space in the main roomis provided for four 1200-H. P. V-TypeBoilers of the latest design, three of whichwill be installed at present, the fourth nextyear. Coal requirements for the Universitywill shortly be 50,000 tons a year. For thenew Plant the handling of fuel and asheswill be entirely mechanical, the coal beingdropped from a trestle siding of the I. C.into crushers, hoppers, conveyors andstokers, the ashes passed off into an ashhopper.The smaller room of the Plant will ac-commodate light and power turbines whichit is planned to instali within three years. Animportant part of the University's programfor a long-time rehabilitation is the changefròm the locally generated direct currentsystem to an alternating current. AH of thenewer buildings use the alternating, whichis now carried in duets across the Midwayfrom the University A C substation, thefirst completed unit on the site of the newPlant. When the replacement of the oldquadrangles generating equipment and its25-year old cables is accomplished the newturbines will be installed to supply the entire University with locally generatedalternating current.Even the tunnel system is impressive; itscost was half a million. Eight feet wide,seven feet high, of reinforced concrete, muchof it below the ground-water level, the newmain tunnel is big enough so that the University's R. O. T. C. unit, were it sominded, and were it not for the 12-inchFIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 515high pressure, steam pipes, could march Midway development. The now inade-through it in a column of squads. It courses quate main tunnels under the quadrangles,almost half a mile from the Illinois Central which are revealed in the snowless paths inbeneath the Midway bridle path to Wood- winter, will be rebuilt. During the layinglawn Av. where it joins the Ida Noyes Hall of the first of these this summer, one whichmain. At Woodlawn provision is made for cuts from Dudley Field to Billings, a curiousthe branch to service the South-of-the- geologist from Rosenwald Hall carne uponMore Light — More HeatBlackstone Avenue Power House5i6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEa 15,000-year old'tree trunk in one of thedunes thrown up by the excavators, in hisown front yard, so to speak !University adminstration men. are as hardiheaded in business matters as any industriai^efrlciency staff. They have no intention ofjunking the Ingleside Avenue Plant which:now supplies 62 buildings, until it is worn«out, unless the strategy of the situationdictates. The two plants will be operatedconcurrently, the new gradually supplantingthe old. And that will mean the graduaielimination of the trafile of 4500 greattruck loads of coal and ashes to and fromthe old Plant, a job which annually hascost the University $20,000.Appropriations for the construction ofthe Blackstone Avenue Power Plant andtunnels amount to $2,052,661.76. In theconcise words of Superintendent Flook,"Due provision has been made, it is believed,for expansion to cover ali future needs ofthe University." Neiler, Rich and Co.,engineers, designed the Plant, Philip B.Maher is the consulting architect, JacobsonBrothers the general contractors.Affiliated With the UniversityAnd GrowingGREAT physical growth has not beenconfined to the University itself.Several of its affiliated institutions havehad remarkable expansion during the pastn\e years, and because they are in the University precinets, both educationally andtopographically, deserve mention.The Chicago Theological Seminary,closely allied with the University DivinitySchool, has expended $1,200,000 for itshandsome group along the north side of58th St. between Woodlawn and University Avs., culminating in the graceful, lacyVictor Lawson Tower. The architect, H.H. Riddle, has designed a group in brickand stone conforming in general to theUniversity's Gothic. Henry M. HookerHall provides living quarters for 100 students, with a beautiful common room.Graham Taylor Chapel, the gem-like littleThorndike Hilton Chapel, and the Libraryare among the show-places of the Uni versity. Visitors have been especiallyattracted by the stained glass Windows.The Disciples Divinity House, across57th St. at University Av. from the Quadrangle Club, and connected with ProfessorAmes' Church of the Disciples of Christby a cloister, was completed in 1928 at acost of $125,000. Howard Van DorenShaw, who designed the Church and theQuadrangle Club, provided a structurebeautifully harmonious with the Church,done. in Gothic with hewn stone. In itsthree stories it contains living quarters, acommon room, and space for a chapel yetto be completed. Divinity House is alsoallied with University Divinity School.Rev. Von Ogden Vogt's First UnitarianChurch, just east of the Disciples Houseon 57th St. near Woodlawn Av. is to havea splendid new structure, also Gothic, andnot unlike the University Chapel except inits smaller dimensions. The new Church,which will cost $750,000, will serve as thechapel for the Meadville Theological Seminary which now owns three corners andtwo residences at the intersection of 57thSt. and Woodlawn Av. and which is affiliated with the University. Its nave willextend east and west, part of the old churchserving as a transept fot the new. One ofthe features will be a burial crypt. Withthe completion of the church tower, theUniversity will be afforded a new pérspec-tive which will include three imposingtowers almost in line near Woodlawn Av. :the University Chapel at 59th, the Theological Seminary at 58th, and the UnitarianChurch at 57th.Although it is privately owned, Blackstone Hall, a six story Gothic version inbrick and stone, completed in 1927 at 5748Blackstone Av. is intended primarily forUniversity women and is operated underUniversity regulations.At 5747 University Av. the new AlphaDelta Phi House is virtually complete, ahandsome and dignified Gothic building inlimestone which must cost, though nofigures are at hand, not less than $150,000.Not to mention the new Delta TauDelta chapter room in the yard adjoiningthe fraternity house at 5615 University Av.FIVE YEARS OF BUILDING 5'7What About the Older Buildings?Some of the Recent RenovationsDURING the past five years well over$100,000 has been spent in the reno-vation of ali the standing dormitories.They have been completely equipped withnew furniture throughout, and new rugsplaced, added toilet facilities have beeninstalled, panelled common rooms providedin ali of them, and the electric wiring en-tirely renewed.The old Physiology Building has beenremodeled and is now housing the Department of Anthropology, the Biology Libraryand various laboratories of the Anatomy,Zoology and Botany Departments. Specialrepairs have been made on a large scale inthe old Power Plant. The Botany Building has been renovated and the Senn Memorial Hospital and the Medicai Laboratories of Rush at 1743 Harrison St., ex-tensively altered.Repairs and alterations in the GraduateClubhouse, and the tunnel system, and thechange of the electrical equipment to takealternating rather than direct current, havebeen mentioned above.The University purchased the house at 5750 Woodlawn Av. and is using it fora Co-operative Nursery for the children offaculty members and graduate students.For the Immediate FutureSuggestions and ProposalsSUGGESTIONS have been made byvarious members of the Universitythat when funds become available for theirerection the following buildings be addedto the University group: AdministrationBuilding, Art Building, Bacteriology, Hy-giene and Parasitology unit, Commerce andAdministration Building, Field House, Eyeunit for the medicai group, GraduateSchool of Technology, Home EconomicsBuilding, Science Library, New LawSchool, Nurses' Home, Laboratory of Preventive Medicine and Comparative Pathol-ogy, Press Building addition, ServiceBuilding for the Department of Buildingsand Grounds, University College Buildingand an International House.A University Laundry to cost $90,000has been authorized. No site has been asyet selected, but it is expected that whenthe plant is in operation it will cut theUniversity's heavy laundry bill in half.The Bernard Albert Eckhart Hall for theMathematical SciencesBy H. E. Slaught and G. A. BossTHE work of mathematicians in ourUniversity, like that of members ofother departments, . may be classifiedroughly into four types which are not dis-:inct, but which adjoin and overlap. Theres first of ali the instruction of Junior Col-ege students who come to us with a lively:uriosity to discover something of whataathematics is about and to find out whether)r not they may be interested to pursue the:ubject further, or who wish to satisfy a•equirement, or perhaps prepare themselves:or work in engineering or in other depart-nents in which mathematics finds anapplication. At the next stage are theSenior College students who have developedi definite interest in mathematics for itself,vho have perhaps chosen mathematics asheir major collegiate sub ject, and who may:hoose it or some application of it as theirife work. Finally, as far as our contactsvith students are concerned, there is thecientific guidance and advice which we are:alled upon to give to graduate men andvomen who have definitely selected mathe-natics as their chosen field, or who are:ngaged in study or research in someìeighboring department of science for whichl knowledge and mastery of mathematicss fundamental. The work of the scientist,md in particular of the mathematician,loes not, however, end here. In ordero justify his intellectual leadership henust himself be an enthusiastic scholar,:een to spend as many as possible of hisvorking hours in the research which ex->erience has shown to be important, notmly in his relations with students, but alson the ceaseless struggle of mankind to at-ain the mastery over physical environment.For the pursuit of these activities thelousing of the mathematical sciences doestot need to be elaborate in kind, but for thenost effective work it should be reasonably.mple in extent. Wé need class rooms fortur college and graduate courses, a well housed library with competent supervisionoffices and seminar rooms for research andconferences with students, Storage and ex-hibition space for mathematical models andinstruments, a large lecture room forscientific meetings, and possibly a social roomsuch as other departments have found souseful in promoting co-operation amongtheir students and faculties.Of these advantages the mathematiciansin the University òf Chicago have so farpossessed very few. In past years some ofour elementary courses were given on thetop floor of Cobb Hall, while most of theother mathematical work was carried on inthe two upper floors of Ryerson Laboratory.These two localities may sometime becomeeasily accessible each to each when wings forhuman beings, such as Leonardo da Vincistrove so earnestly to devise, have been per-fected, but to men of to-day, who only walkfrom class to class, they have seemed hope-lessly far apart and isolated from each other.Pressure from other departments finallycaused the relinquishment of our rights inCobb Hall to which we had desperatelyclung for many years, and recently we havebeen compelled to subdivide a treasuredclass room in Ryerson to obtain office spaceimperatively needed. These developments,with the increase in the number of ourstudents, have left us in a position which attimes during the years just passed hasseemed untenable.But a new day is now dawning. TheBernard Albert Eckhart Hall, just appear-ing above the ground, is to provide a homefor the mathematical sciences, with liberallaboratory space in the basement and firstfloor for the enlarging needs of physics. Welook forward with enthusiasm, and withimpatience hard to be restrained, to thecompletion of the building in the early partof 1930. After that happy event our firstconsiderations in making out new schedulescan be the welfare of our students and the518THE BERNARD ALBERT ECKHART HALL 5i9presentation of our subjects in favorablesurroundings, rather than the nervous huntfor space in which to hold our lectures. Nolonger, at the beginning of a quarter ' out ofresidence," will one need to feverishlyevacuate shelves in his book cases and ahalf of his desk, to make way for colleaguesor visiting professors. In the domain of research the faculty man's best work isfrequently done at his office in the University, if he can retain it during his quarter"out of residence." To enumerate ali theadvantages which the new building willbring to us is impossible in this brief article,but in the following paragraphs many ofthem are indicated. We shall néver missan opportunity to express in words ourgratitude to the generous donors who havemade this building possible, but the usewhich we make of it will, we hope, bethe best and most successful expressionof our appreciation.In the basement and on the first floor ofEckhart Hall there will be thirty-eightlaboratories and offices for research workin physics, and an auditorium seating 239persons to be used for lecture demonstra-tion purposes and for national scientificmeetings. This arrangement seems anespecially happy one since it perpetuates andencourages the further development of theintimate relationships of the past betweenthe departments of mathematics, astronomy, and physics, and since it providesmuch needed basement and first floor space,free from the disturbing vibrations of theupper floors, which is so essential to experimental research in physics.On the second floor there will be a reading room accommodating eighty-eightreaders, for the use of the three departments, mathematics, astronomy, physics,sharing quarters in the building. Thedouble-deck book stacks for the library willhave a capacity of 50,000 volumes, affordingampie room for expansion for decades tocome. On this floor also will be an ex-hibition room for models, instrumenls,charts, etc, and a social room, with kitchen-ette facilities, for the common use ofstudents and faculty. In the room willhang a Clarkson portrait of Professor Eliakim Hastings Moore, Head of the de-partment of mathematics since 1892.The remaining space on the second,third, and fourth floors will be devoted tomathematics and mathematical astronomy.This space will include class rooms ampiein number and capacity to accommodate ourgrowing needs, especially in advancedcourses in the Summer Quarter whichfrequently enroll sixty to seventy students.There will be ampie arrangements for ad-ministrative offices and a private office foreach member of the staff where he can havehis workshop and hold consultations without interruptions, a great innovation inthese departments. Finally there will be anumber of smaller offices for the use of fel-lows and other advanced graduate students,for research assistants, visiting NationalResearch fellows and other scientific guestsof the department. Ali told there will bethirty-nine offices for faculty and studentsin mathematics and astronomy.The Bernard Albert Eckhart Hall willbe a four-story-and-basement, fire-proof,stone-exterior building, adjoining RyersonPhysical Laboratory on the east, extendingeast to University Avenue and northto a point fifteen feet south of Mandel Hall.There will be a passage into HutchinsonCourt from University Avenue through thenorth wing of the building, and also a simi-lar passage from the main quadranglebetween Eckhart Hall and RyersonLaboratory.The architect of the building is Mr.Charles Z. Klauder of Philadelphia, whohas successfully designed buildings for morethan forty schools and colleges. In EckhartHall he has provided not only a beautifulstructure but also one of the most efficientlyplanned buildings of the University group.This magnificient provision for thesethree departments seems to us a most inspir-ing recognition by friends of the Universityof the scientific standing attained by thegroup of men who have worked in themathematical sciences at the University. Itis a challenge to us to maintain thafe standing in the future and to push forward, ifpossible, to stili greater achievements.Surely the ampie equipment and physical520 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsurroundings provided in the new buildingwill furnish one of the important pre-requisites for such a forward movement.Symbolism on Eckhart HallOver the door of the main south entranceto Eckhart Hall will be the inscription "TheMathematical Sciences," indicating thatthe building is dedicated at present tomathematics, mathematical astronomy, andphysics, and that it may in the futurebecome the home of other sciences dependentupon mathematics.At the lower points of the arch over thismain entrance are two shields on whichthere will be, in bas-relief life size, portraitmedallions of Newton and Gauss, fit repre-sentatives of the greatest mathematicians ofali ages.Under the oriel Windows on the southand east elevations there are six shields onwhich will be represented, in mild relief, thesix regular geometrie solids, the tetrahedron,hexahedron, octahedron, dodecahedron,icosahedron, and the sphere, highly appropriate mathematical symbolism.In the gables at the lower corners thereare ten shields, and in the north bays thereare two more, making a series of twelve inali on which will be represented the twelvesigns of the zodiac, appropriate symbolismfor astronomy.Over the arch to the passageway fromHutchinson Court to University Avenuethere are three shields on which will be thecoats of arms of the three great universitiesin Europe which have most profoundly af-fected the development of mathematics inAmerica, namely, the universities of Gòttin-gen, Paris (the Sorbonne), and Cambridge.There is one remaining shield on the ex-terior of the building on the west elevation,viewed from Hutchinson Court. On thisshield there will be shown in bold reliefEuclid's figure for the proof of the Pytha-gorean Theorem: "In any right trianglethe square on the hypotenuse is equal to thesum of the squares on the other two sides,"probably the most famous and most usefultheorem in elementary geometry.The remaining symbolism on Eckhart Hall consists of groups of names of famousmathematicians, astronomers, and physicistsarranged somewhat chronologically butespecially with reference to the departmentshoused in the portions of the building wherethey are displayed.For instance, on entering the passagewayfrom Hutchinson Court three paths areavailable, one leading to a stairway to thesecond, third, and fourth floors, ali devotedto mathematics, a second leading to a highvoltage physics laboratory, and a third leading to the east corridor on the first floor, alidevoted to physics. Over the stairway doorthere are the names of ten mathematiciansand astronomers selected from the earliestperiod down to 1700 A.D. These areAhmes, Euclid, Archimedes, Al-Khowa-rismi, Bhaskara, Leonardo, Copernicus,Galileo, Kepler and Descartes. Over thedoor to the high voltage room there are thenames of four famous physicists: Faraday,Kelvin, Hertz, and Rowland. Over thedoor to the east corridor there are the namesof ten physicists, astronomers, and mathematicians: Napier, Huygens, Bernoulli,D'Alembert, Lagrange, Laplace, Fresnel,Henry, Newcomb, and Maxwell.Viewing the building from HutchinsonCourt, one sees over the main north entrance the names of rive famous mathematicians: Leibnitz, Euler, Jacobi, Poincaré, and Cauchy. On entering this doortwo paths are available, one leading to theupper floors and the other to the west corridor of the first floor. Over the stairwaydoor are the names of ten mathematiciansand astronomers: Cremona, Lobachevski,Abel, Hamilton, Galois, Sylvester, Weier-strass, Adams, Hill, and Riemann. Overthe west corridor door are the names of tennoted physicists: Cavendish, Fourier,Oersted, Franklin, Ohm, Frauenhofer,Helmholtz, Becquerel, Gibbs, and Roentgen.Ali the varieties of symbolism on EckhartHall are executed in superb form andespecially ali the lettering is done in a stylehighly appropriate to the Gothic characterof the building and to the locations of thevarious inscriptions.SOJOURN ON A SUMMITi.THE narrator was comfortablyfixed in the best corner of the sun-room, with two ash-trays and a fileof the New York Times within easyreach. He had not been heard for sometime, having instead been good-naturedlylistening to a monologue on the "shoppingStreet" which so quaintly ran its lengthof one-horse stores and gloomy rooms forrent,' near the university.It was a picturesque contrast, insistedthe Lowlander, this of a broken-downStreet within view of so much learningand beauty. One might wonder what thederelicts, the failures, the old and crippledpeople, even the dirty-faced children,thought when they heard the chimes ring-ing of an evening. Why, there was a fiatbuilding of ordinary size with thirty regu-lar families in it, and pieces of severalothers. There was another— corner of Xand Y streets — from which, within a year,practically every boy had been carted offto the juvenile court. In upper windowsthere were rags to fili the holes; and dirtymilk bottles on the front sills.The discursive professoìr nodded, anddropped a cigar-ash on his broad greywaistcoat."I guess," said he, "that's the building in which Albert Z spent hishoneymoon."2.Who was Albert Z ?Well, the professor confessed he wascovering up the real name. Might become embarrassing somehow to teli it.Let it go at Z . The story reallywasn't exciting. It was more nearlyrealism than romance. The point was, ifZ heard that his past was in "every-one's mouth," he might imagine that people suspected him of seeking sympathy;and Z was proud as the devil.He had always been that way, and the rest of his family just as bad. "Why,when I first knew them, in the old hometown of Milledgeville, they were down totheir last nickel, and nobody could so muchas loan them a half dozen eggs." Theyhad floated around more or less, while thefather of the family had tried this smallbusiness and that. Finally settled in Milledgeville — no place for a store-keeper withtoo much taste for reading. There werethree children — Albert, now almost oldenough to be dependable, and two girls,younger.This chapter proved short. The motherdied, and was buried on borrowed money.She had expressed only one wish aboutAlbert — she had plenty of others for thegirls — and that was that he should makegood in some paying business. But lastwishes seldom are respected, no matterwhat you say. Albert hadn't the least no-tion of going out to make money. Hehad something else in his head; some in-stinct or urge which, even when he was inhis 'teens, made him "perfectly hopeless,"as the gossips pointed out. He didn'twant to be a clerk in Doolittle's hardwarestore; he wanted to get out of Milledgeville. And, for light reading, he alter-nated between University catalogues andGray's Anatomy.The next thing Milledgeville knew, theZ — s departed the town, leaving Uveserviceable bed-springs and a carload ofsecond-hand books. The town did nothear of them again until, twenty yearslater, in the city papers, old-timers read ofthe great international prize awarded toan Albert Z . "And do you think thatcould be our Albert?"The family had dug into quarters notfar from a certain university quadrangle.The father was working, just then, asnight ticket-taker at an outlying station onthe elevated road, surely one of the hum-blest jobs in the world. The girls went521522 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEto school off and on. Albert passed hiscollege examinations with unexpected ease,though falling down, comparatively, in"lit." He was now the dominant mem-ber of the family. Nobody knew exactlywhat he intended to do, but, whatever itwas, they ali realized it was important.He seemed so pressed for time. He hadsuch a way of shutting himself up in hisroom. He had so little to say at table."And what did he look like?""Oh, Good Gad, there never was any-one much less prepossessing than Albert.No positively ugly features; just generalinsignifìcance, and a 'keep off me' manner.Dressed in whatever he might pick up first.A reddish nose and black eyebrows.Pimples — some. But he had one fea-ture — ""His eyes?""No; his hands. He had delicate, sinewyhands; fingers like a pianist's. An art-ist's hands; a scientista . . . Will youstrike a light for me, please?"3;A suspicion carne into the Lowlander'smind that he had known Albert Z backin those remote college days; or not somuch known him as half-realized him.There was someone, a dim figure of mem-ory, a "barb" given to flannel collars, whowas sometimes noticeable passing in sol-itude on the other side of the Street, whosat in the front row in physiology class,and was the star pupil. Let's see — anothermemory — was not that the fellow whomthe sophomores had painted green, onewild night?Had Albert Z- ever been paintedgreen ?His present biographer thought not.Never heard of it, anyhow. Albert's student life had no excitement about it, whatever. He worked in college, and heworked outside of it. He had become atremendous worker. He was one of thosepeople set aside by Providence to toil, toget the disagreeable jobs, to have never theleast ease or pleasure. A son of Martha,as the saying goes.In his junior year, his father gave out. Some obscure malady crippled the old fellow, and there were no more pay checksfrom the elevated railroad. Albert f acedthe situation grimly. He was not patientnor resigned, nor religious about it. Hejust showed his teeth to the world, andwhen his older sister supposed that now hewould quit college, his answer was "Shutup."Quit college? Hardly. . . . Instead,he took the older sister out of school, andforced her to get some ill-paid employmentor other. The younger girl, 15 or so, nat-urally took up the job of housekeeper.Dad kept to his bed. As for Albert, itwas at this time that he became so expertin occupations like furnace-tending, snow-shoveling, beating rugs, and deliveringpackages for drug stores. He drove amilk wagon one winter. He deliveredpapers. He was now, on one side of hisactivity, about where Milledgeville awaysexpected to see him; only these jobs werenot his "work." His real occupation onlybegan about nine p.m., when, his exhaustedsisters having gone to bed, and his whimper-ing father quieted, Albert would lock hisbed-room door, stufi papers along therickety window-frame to keep out thedraught, light his foul old oil lamp, andopen his books.The story may sound a little too Alger-like to be convincing, but these are strictlyfacts. And perhaps it will seem morerealistic if one notes that Albert was notpatient, resigned, or good-tempered. No,he hated his fate; he raged with impatienceover his slow progress ; he was often savagewith his sisters. He must have hated thesight of his helpless and querulous father,who, lingering beyond ali usefulness, wasa weight upon a Career.For Albert, though not so self-consciousor rhetorical as to use the word, had noth-ing less than a Career in mind. That is, hehad a great, a lofty, an almost inaccessibleobjective, which was to outstrip otherpeople in knowledge, perhaps even to con-tribute knowledge. One of his teacherswas a splendid old German, beard and ali,whose head was in the clouds and whoseambitions were limitless. It was he whoSOJOURN ON A SUMMIT 523iìrst noticed Albert, and nursed his passionate and grim impulse for individuai effort."Never give up," shouted this Germanprofessor at Albert. "Let nothing preventyou — neither women, nor pleasure, norunselfishness. Be selfish, I say — be selfish!"Maybe Albert was. Al though he slavedday and evening for the little family treas-ury, though he shunned pleasures, he wouldnot make the crowning sacrifice of droppingout of classwork. He said the girls couldwear their old clothes. That was the kindhe wore.At length, the father gave up his pitifulgrasp upon life.There was a terrific quarrel between thethree children. The girls hurled chargesof "snobbish beast" at Albert. Relativesstepped in, belabored him with "You caremore for your old experiments than foryour flesh and blood"; and presently someof these relatives carted away the girls toOhio, where they enjoyed comparativeluxury, became fat, coquettish and useless,and married hardware clerks, very likely.Albert, with considerable relief, foundhimself alone.4.He had determined upon medicai scienceas his field, and already, even though stilian undergraduate, he was becoming a spe-cialist. Given a prentice opportunity in cer-tain experiments he had proved himself topossess that extreme delicacy of touch required in some kinds of research. They telius it has to be more delicate than for tak-ing out an appendix.Perhaps, in times of the worst poverty,Albert had been tempted to work towarda fat medicai practice. If so, the .tempta-tion was fleeting. He could not understandthe desire to make money; he simply couldnot grasp the notion. Now that he wasalone, with no one to starve but himself, andonly one bed to make, he luxuriated inan utter abandonment of ali "practical con-siderations." He was pledged to mastery,not of ali knowledge by any means, butof a small subdivision of a minor branchof a science. Anxious professors of litera-ture and history noted his low marks insuch subjects. Deans wrestled with him over his "one-sided" progress. A few intimatefriends remarked his rags and the hollowsin his cheeks. Sometimes the furnaces hetended grew cold, and the lawns he trimmedwent unkempt. He lost more jobs than hekept. He received advice from kind per-sons who sought to save him from "min."No use. Attempts to save Albert Z ¦and his kind from "ruin" are as useless as.efforts to head off a celestial fragment at-tracted by the magnetism of a great star.Albert had his own star, and toward it hemoved irresistibly."Yrou know that young cub, that premedicai in our laboratory?" said a grimresearch man to his assistant one day."Chap with the bushy brows? Yes.""He can block off a pancreas better thanI can do it myself.""That's saying something.""But the point is, I think he's starving. . . Give him a job sweeping up."5.This ' careless conversation betokened aturning point. Behold now Albert Z ,the odd-job man of the University district,reclaimed from furnaces and lawns, andput on general utility duty in the laboratory.He washed bottles and instruments, helpedfeed the laboratory animals, often gaveanesthetics, and on rare occasions wascalled in to lend his great strength anddexterity in a tough operation involving the"reactions" of dog or guinea pig. For alithis he received a stipend slightly less thanfaithful f urnace-tending would have broughthim; but he was happy. He was now def-initely, and quite unencumbered, upon thepatii he had chosen. He had been, at leastpartially, accepted into that dose, intimateand taciturn brotherhood of science, menwho speak the same language, love the samegrim goals, deal with the same enchantingmysteries, and are both fond of each otherand a little jealous of each other. Theyare men infatuated with long, tedious proc-esses of experiment, verification, reverifi-cation; men suspicious of every "result,"reluctant to believe even in their ownachievements, and yet prone to fury ifsomeone else doubts them. A hardy, dis-524 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEillusioned, sinewy, self-immolating crew ofdevotees frequently missing their meals,living in an atmosphere of blood, entrails,and carbolic acid, and performing no worship save before the aitar of Truth.Albert Z was very much at home.Toward the last of college, he "cut"literature, history and French altogether.The medicai professors had to intercedewith the deans so that he might go up forhis diploma. He almost forgot to go upand get it at ali. What was an undergraduate degree to this young wizard ofthe dissecting rooms ?Stili, they told him a B.S. was a neces-sary step. And he yielded. He regretfullypaid the fee for one of those rolls of sheep-skin, sulked through a graduation cere-mony, stood in line in a borrowed cap andgown, and was declared a Bachelor.He could not be called that in more waysthan one, however. For, a couple of daysbefore the ceremony, he had married LilyCavendish."Married! The poor duffer actuallycommitted that folly?"The narrator smiled."You don't characterize marriage in general in just that way, do you? ... InAlbert's case, to take a wife was not somuch a case of moon madness as an illustra-tion of his extreme casualness in personaland social matters. He might eat or not,as the impulse took him. He might go tolecture on time, or not. Ali the everydaymatters of life were just a blur to him. Sowith matrimony. He committed it withthe, — well, say the less occupied part of hisintelligence. But therein lies some moreof my tale."6.Lily was a student; a naive sort of girlwith some sort of hard luck story, whosupported herself by clerking in one of theUniversity offices, also earning her meals asa waitress in a student lunch. Albertate there, when he.ate. Somehow, just asabsent-minded persons pick up rare edi-tions or music scores and then let them liearound the house, Albert acquired Lily asa possession, and then, one may suspect, forgot her as much as he could. Oh, perhaps that is an exaggeration. Nowoman would have stood it ; and it must beremembered that Lily is stili Albert's wife— now rejoicing to accompany him to scientific meetings and perhaps sit on the plat-form while he reads a paper. She has hadthe pluck to stick to him throughout hisdifficult career, just as she proved strongenough to endure those first years.It was, literally, in that terrible building on — th Street that they set up "house-keeping." They had one room at the topof a staircase with tattered matting andgreasy railings. The single window over-looked the Street, with its eternally rum-bling and clanging electric cars and itssorry carnival of human failures. Probablythey had heard little enough of the scandalsof that foul building. They knew none ofthe lame and mottled scarecrows whòm theypassed on the stairs going up or going down.In the cramped and draughty little roomthey lived like the veriest attic sparrows ofParis ; happily, too, or one of them, at least,consciously happy. Albert never was awareof his sensations. He merely worked at hisnote-books, and Lily watched him do it.She was the consciously happy one,— exceptwhen Albert worked nights.He now had, naturally, to stretch himself over more hours of the twenty-f our.His position in the laboratory paid a littlemore, but not enough. When pressed forrent money or other necessaries he wasforced into emergency jobs, such as nightdistributor of mail in the downtown post-office, or receiving clerk in a hospital. Itwas murderous! When he hit that pace,he, used to report at the postoffice at io p.m.and work until 4 a.m. Home and to bedfor a few hours, then a cup of coffee, andat the laboratory at eight-thirty for his earlychores. A lecture or two, and a speli oflab. with microscope and knife. In theafternoon, reading and notemaking, bottle-washing, carrying boxes up and down stairs,and so on. Another brief sleep, and offagain to the postoffice.7-Lily, for her part, had to grow hardenedto penury, to loneliness, to anxiety. It wasshe who had to endure unvaried life in theS0J0URN ON A SUMMIT 525old fire-trap building; she who contrivedshifts, evasions, and curious payments tosatisfy the grocer and landlord . . . Itwas said that for a few days she clerkedin a 5- and 10-cent store — until Albertfound it out.Somehow, it made him wild with rageto have her earn money. There were collo-quies."F had to go to the doctor today — andwe haven't paid for the last time.""Never shall, probably.""But, Albert, we can't keep it up. We'llbe arrested, or something.""Pooh! . . . Well, if it really worriesyou, FU drop out of the university for awhile, and do a full day downtown. I canmake twenty a week as a red cap at theUnion Station.""But that would set you back about thethesis.""Oh, well, what's the use keeping afterthe Ph.D? I guess that game is off, any-how."Here Lily would begin to implore :"Don't talk that way. Fd rather doanything — we can get by somehow."And threaten:"If you give up work for a degree, FUgo back to being a waitress."There was little logie in this threat, butit always shut Albert up. And usually thecrisis would somehow be passed, the money(or part of it) found, and Albert, his ener-gies released anew, would fly back to hisstudies.There were terrible nights, sometimes;there were perils, not so much of cold andstarvation, as of despair; despair over at-taining the distant goal, which meant asmuch to the pair as though both were towear the purple hood of Doctor. Therewere bound to be quarrels — consider Albert's disposition — and hours when Lilywould He with her face to the wall.But there were magnificent hours of hope,nay of certainty that so relentless, so hard,a nature as Albert's would conquer ali theseserdid, commonplace obstacles, that theslowly rolling years — so many of them, itseemed — would bring him that rewardwhich, once attained, is so lightly held by many scholars: the Ph.D., of course. Then,he would capture that ineffably longed-forthing, that position equivalent to an an-nuity, that comfort-bringing appointmentto end forever these wretched uncertaintiesof the purse, a — it seems absurd to mention it! — a lectureship at $1,500 a year!In such optimistic hours, Albert andLily would walk out of an evening, amongthe shadows of the great laboratories, perhaps even pause beside the gushing whitefountain in the serene court; and theywould share with our best people a senseof the strength, the permanency, and theprofound beauty of the University — that"Alma Mater."Yes, and there must have been eveningswhen Lily, sitting alone beside the openwindow of "the room," would hear, borneto her across sooty roofs and across backyards, the lovely, swaying notes of thechimes. You've heard them. . . . As thewind rises and falls, those half-metallic,half-velvet tones will come as though onbillows of ocean ; and there will be, first alouder, more clangorous note, then a softerone, seeming to fade into mist. And it isthat very undulation, that sforzando andpianissimo, which makes the chimes suchcurious things to follow with the ear — likethe surging and ebbing of one's destiny.Even a Lily Z , a crude little thingwho never got beyond the sophomore classand never heard grand opera in her life, andwho cannot analyze anything- — even a Lilycan understand the chimes.8.The discursive professor rose."I find myself," he said, dusting ashesfrom his waistcoat, "growing somewhatlyrical.""Never mind that," protested the Low-lander. "The next chapter, please.""No, thank you. The rest of it dealswith the arrivai of Albert's first child,which made the circumstances very painfulfor some months. I refuse to go into that,or continue on to the anti-climax, whichhas to do with Albert's success. After ali,it was a mere question of whether the JohnWilcox McGinnis Foundation would make526 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe grant — and it did. . . . Of course,Albert got the lectureship, and everything."The professor yawned."But it's a unique case," stili complainedthe Lowlander."Unique nothing! It's commonplacc.Go into some of these old fiat buildingsycu've been examining from the outside, andsee how many Alberts and Lilys you find. Unique! Get the histories of some of ourmen. Look up Hastings. Talk to him—if you can. . . . Of course, you know Idon't mean to imply that Hastings. . . .»Hereupon, two men who looked asthough they were about to summon a committee meeting entered the sun-room. Thevoluble professor went hastily to meet them.A Corner of the ClinicsConvocation AddressofPresident-Elect Robert M. HutchinsDelivered at the One Hundred Fifty- fifth Convocation, Tuesday, lune 11, 1929.TODAY from a hundred differentplatforms in a hundred differentschools and colleges people in yourhelpless position are being told what theworld expeets of them. They are shownthe tremendous advantages they have received in being supported by their familiesor the state, though ali undeserving, sothat they might enjoy the peaceful pleasuresof education. And they are shown, too,the tremendous obligations which such advantages inevitably entail. Nor are theyleft without a word of warning thatMorality, Industry, Energy and Service,to say nothing of other delightful char-acteristics, are demanded of every Americancitizen by his fellow countrymen.On this occasion I shall not go into anyof these matters, first, because I have nodoubt that they are being gone into suf-ficiently elsewhere, and second, because mysole purpose today is to make your acquaint-ance before you sally forth from theseQuadrangles. This is not an inauguraiaddress nor a convocation oration; it issimply an expansion of the words: Hailand farewell. And that expansion musttake the form, for want of any other, ofan attempt to state briefly some of thethings that a law school dean thinks aboutafter he has worked at every educationallevel from the secondary school up.Among ali sorts of people in ali kindsof places it has become the fashion to attackAmerican education. Some criticisms onemay pass by quickly as too silly to be enter-tained by people intelligent enough todeserve attention. One such is that highereducation makes men immoral and godless.Another, closely related to the first, isthat it upsets and disturbs young people.This may be phrased alternatively to readthat the universities are teaching bol-shevism. Although I am sure that no onehere present ever held such ideas, theyare by no means confined to the illiterate or the reactionary. One of the greatestscholars of the country, and the greatestin his chosen field in the world, wrote auniversity president of a man who wasabout to be made a dean, "I wish strenu-ously to advise you not to make this appoint-ment ; Mr. X is a man who will unsettle theminds of the young men at a time whenthey are most in need of settling."This conception of education as a processof settling, or hardening, of the fixation ofsound principle and righteous dogma in theyouth of America brings me at once tostate my own view of the purpose of university training. It is exactly the oppositeof that of the eminent and learned gentleman to whom I have referred. It is thatthe purpose of higher education is to unsettle the minds of young men, to widentheir horizons, to inflame their intellects.And by this series of mixed metaphors Imean to assert that education is not to teachmen facts, theories, or laws; it is not toreform them, or amuse them, or to makethem expert technicians in any field; it isto teach them to think, to think straight,if possible; but to think always for them-selves. If we should send a graduate ofour law school to the Bar who had mem-orized the Constitution and ali the statutesand decisions in the country, I should thinkwe had miserably failed, unless he haddeveloped a criticai faculty and a power ofindependent reasoning which probablycould not live along with so much detailedinformation. By the same token a graduateof our law school who could not repeat aline of the Constitution, and had nevergot a case by heart would stili be a productof whom we could be proud if he had foundhere a habit of work, an ability to handlehis material, to effect new combinations, ioexercise creative imagination, in a word,to think.At every age their elders have a way ofunderestimating the development of the527528 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEyoung. As a result many people seem tohave the notion that the processes of education are simple and easy, that the studentcomes to college a sort of plastic mass tobe moulded by the teacher in whateverlikeness he will. It is for this reason thatparents have sometimes felt they couldsolve their domestic problems by turningthem over to the educator. In preparatoryschool work I have observed this phenom-enon time and time again. A lady oncepresented to my headmaster her son, nine-teen years old, saying, "He has been terriblyspoiled. He has never done any work.I didn't like to push him. He was so frail.Now you take him, and make a man ofhim, and interest him in his studies." Andmy headmaster replied substantially in thewords of Tennyson, "Late, late, too late,ye cannot enter now ... !" It is sad buttrue that at eighteen or nineteen or upongraduation from high school it is too lateto take a boy and make a man of him andinterest him in his studies. He has solidi-fied, too often in more ways than one. Buteven if it were possible physiologically andpsychologically, the college should not at-tempt the job. Because of its size, becauseits funds were given to it for another purpose, it can only to a very limited degreespend its time and money in supervisinga student's conduct, in regulating his daìlyhabits, in forcing him to improve his mindand body against his will. The college isthere, with ali its opportunities. Broadlyspeaking, he may take it or leave it. Andwhat this comes down to is that if a manhasn't character, if he hasn't the germs ofintellectual interest, if he doesn't care toamount to anything, the college can't givehim a character, or intellectual interest, ormake him amount to anything. It maycomplete the task. It is too late to begin it.For this reason the picture of the pro-fessors of America undermining religion,communizing the sons of capital, and knock-ing the lares and penates off the shelfgenerally is far removed from reality. 1once taught a class of college freshmen acourse called "Introduction to the SocialSciences." But there were many aspectsof the social sciences to which I could not introduce them, because they would not letme. There was only one Democrat in theclass, and he battled alone against th*protettive tariff, with a degree of successin exact proportion to his numericalstrength. The question whether vast mili-tary and naval expenditures were necessarvcould hardly be raised, because everybodyknew that the United States was thegreatest nation on earth and ought to keepother countries in a state of wholesome awe.Suggestions that there were some slightweaknesses in the party system in thiscountry, or in our foreign policy since thewar, or that there were a few words onecould say for the labor unions, wererepelled as unworthy of a college professor.The social and politicai dogmas inculcatedat the paternal breakfast table these gentle-men had accepted whole, nor were they in-clined to listen to the words of an academicperson as against the teachings of practicalmen. Under these circumstances the mostthat a teacher can hope to do is to galvanizeor stimulate; he cannot hope to persuade.And even in the hope he is entitled to he isfrequently disappointed. The classic ex-ampie is that of the Harvard professor whoremarked to his class one day: "The foolhath said in his heart there is no God."And ali the class wrote down in their note-books: "Professor X says there is no God."Such misconception on the part of students and their relatives would never ariseif we understood at the outset what a university is and what it is for. My pupilsin the preparatory school I once taught in,when asked for an essay on why theywanted to go to college would almost toa man reply, and reply in English thatreflected no credit on their instructor, thatthey wanted to go to college to get to knowthe fellows. The fellows were good fel-lows, I was told, who provided one anotherduring college with the gayest amusementsand the most profitable relationships, andwho afterward formed a great brotherhoodof men ready and willing to help outsocially, politically and financially those ofthe brethren who might be down on theirluck, ostracized from their party, or out ofa job. And if we engagé in a little intro-CONVOCATION ADDRESS 5^9spection we may find that our reasons forgoing to college did not vary greatly fromthose of my former students. To far toomany people a college degree is no indica-tion of mental training or maturity. It isthe badge of social attainment, the opensesame into the company of people whomatter.Now you may have heard that yourgeneration is the hope of America. Perhapsit is. Mine used to be. But if your generation makes no better use of its educationalopportunities than mine has there is littlehope that the millennium will soon arrive,or if it does, that education will have beenresponsible for its coming. My father isconnected with a college devoted to themountain people of the South. The otherday a mountain man carne to him to entera protest. He said, "My two girls carnedown to your school to be educated, andthen they went and got married, just likethey was ignorant." Without assenting tothis view of matrimony, we can stili sympa-thize with the general attitude expressed.The thing that impresses me about mycollege generation is that we have acted, forthe most part, "just like we was ignorant."Yet we cannot hold the college responsible.We went there to go through the formali-ties, to become college men, to get to knowthe fellows. As for the professors, wesubscribed to that eloquent inscriptionpenned by an English public school boy:"To ali school-masters, whose taste it isour privilege to f ollow ; whose virtues it isour duty to imitate; whose presence it isour interest to avoid." In general Santay-ana's description of the pupil-teacher'srelationship was true of us ; it was that ofthe cow and the milkmaid; mutuai con-tributions may pass between them, but notconversation. The stock of prejudices webrought with us to college remained largelyunimpaired when we left it. If we hadour corners knocked off, it was chiefly because we were associated with a lot ofbright young men who took peculiar pleasure in jumping on people for the slightestdéviation from the normal.One must, of course, concede the valueof that type of training. Whether uni versities were founded to give it is anothermatter. We didn't care to be jumped on,and so we never deviated from the normalafter we found out what it was. Itwasn't normal then to depart from tradi-tional apparel. Nor was it normal to besentimental about the college, except insong, or to be friendly in conversation un-less your remarks were prefaced by enoughinsults to show that you were manly. Wegrew gradually into the likeness of eachother, and a rather pleasant likeness wethought it was, too. We talked well,though somewhat vaguely, on almost anytopic. Having received the imprimatur ofcollege society, we had the conviction thatthe society of the great world would welcome us. And so it did, on the whole.Whether it would have welcomed us anythe less gladly if we had spent the sameamount of time in the locai country clubor one of the fraternal orders, I do notknow. These bodies have high ideals.They are organizations of men for mutuaiimprovement. Four years in one mightserve to knock the corners off. Their duesare lower than those of most colleges. Youcan get to know the fellows in one. Itwould seem plausible to suppose that onecan get from them most of the things onegets at the university, if one goes to theuniversity merely because it is the thingto do.Let it never be forgotten that a university is not a collection of buildings, nora collection of books, nor even a collectionof students. It is a community of scholars.The first duty of a university is to providethose scholars with the means of life, whichno university has yet adequately dome, andwith the means of work. If young menand women then wish to associate them-selves with the scholars they must do so onthe scholars' terms. They must have anabiding interest in the things the scholarshave to offer them, together with the minimum intellectual equipment necessary tounderstand those things. The whole system of required attendance, course grades,credit hours, and ali the painful rigidities ofthe curriculum has grown up because thescholars, perhaps mistakenly, did not be-53© THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINElieve the young men and women had thesecharacteristics, and perhaps mistakenly, didnot have the courage to shut them out. Andthat system in turn has produced a viciouscircle, by defeating the aspiration and dull-ing the interest of competent and willingstudents, driving them forth into extracurriculum activities, or reducing them tothe motions of a spiritless routine.Such a routine, either on the graduate orundergraduate level, is neither scholarshipnor education. Scholarship in its broadestsense means the careful, painstaking at-tempt to answer the question put byBernard Shaw as follows: whether thehuman animai as he exists at present iscapable of solving the problems raised by hisown aggregation. And education means thedevelopment of the individuai so that in-stead of adding to those problems, he may,ROBERT M. HUTCHINS, newpresident of the University of Chicago, was the extreme outsider — thedark horse in competi tion of the mostprominent educators of the country whowere considered as heads of the Midwayeducational institution.Harold H. Swift, president of the university board of trustees, made public thenegotiations which led to the election ofthe young dean of Yale law school.Dr. Hutchins is only 30. That almostlost him the job. But the fact remains thathis youth was the most important factor inwinning the position, Mr. Swift said."When the committee of faculty andtrustees first set about choosing a president,we compiled a list of ninety-five prospects,"he explained. "Dr. Hutchins' name wasnot mentioned."Then my friend, Trevor Arnett, pre-viously the university auditor, asked meabout 'thàt young fellow Hutchins.' Heeven had to teli me who he was."Thereupon Dr. Hutchins was added to in whatever walk of life, make his contribu-tion to their solution. For the purposeof universities is not to' provide somethousands" of young people with a pleasantvacation from their families and agreeablepostponement of the business of earning aliving. To the universities the nation looksfor men and women who have trained mindsand know how to use them ; men and womenwho know how to think and are willing todo it. Through the fumbling f Utilities ofAmerican education we shall yet pass tosomething new, native, and vital, superiorto the education of Europe, which now,perhaps through our ignorance of it, some-times strikes envy into our hearts. Andfrom the crass commercialism, the narrowpolitics, the irreligion of contemporaryaffairs, we shall yet pass on as well, if wecan muster the intelligence for the task.the list of prospects. Five educators werechosen as the most likely to continue thework of President Max Mason."But we weren't satisfied." Mr. Swiftcontinued. "We remembered what adiriliwe got out of our contact with Mason. Wewanted another man who could provide thesame inspiration."Dr. Hutchins was in Chicago attendinga legai convention. Frederic Woodward,acting president of the university, suggestedthat he might offer valuable advice on re-organization of the Chicago law school.Dr. Hutchins was invited to do so, andmet with the members of the committee toselect the president. They were delightedwith his force and the soundness of hisideas."Dr. Hutchins was invited to Chicagolater, and Mr. Woodward saw him."We got him to Chicago again and onthat visit ali the committee members agreedthat he was the man we wanted to head the juniversity "—Herald ^g^Examiner, lune,27, 1929-Pointed Questions and Pertinent AnswersCulled From the Address of Acting President WoodwardDelivered to the Alumni, June <?, iq2qOUESTION i. Are the Universitytrustees and administrative officersgreatly interested in the operationof the Undergraduate Colleges?Answer. There can be no question thatthe Trustees and Administrative officers aredeeply interested in the undergraduatecolleges. Among recent developmentswhich evidence this interest may be cited thefollowing :i. Survey Courses for Freshman. TheSurvey Course in the Naturai Sciencesis the result of an immense amountof hard work by many of the leadingscientists of the University. It bringstreshmen in contact with some of thesemen, and is widely recognized as asuccessful experiment in undergraduate education.2. Freshman Week — to orient the newstudent, and help him get away to agood start.3. The Departmental Counsellor Systemin the Senior College — giving greaterfreedom in program construction andproviding for advice from the bestqualified source.4. Honor Courses releasing selectedupper-class students who have demon-strated capacity for independent workfrom much of the ordinary routineof class attendance and class exercises.5. Radicai improvement in the facilitiesfor undergraduate use of the Library,and the expansion of the rental library for undergraduates.6. The reconstruction of Stagg Field, theerection qf new stands, and the pur-chase of additional land for futureathletic development.7. The new dormitory pian for undergraduates, which includes provisionof additional and convenient play-fields for intramural sports, andquarters for student activities. 8. The employment of Ken Rouse toanswer inquiries of high school students, and to make addresses at highschools.9. Increasing the number of scholarshipsfor Junior College students and seek-ing the recommendations of alumni inawarding the scholarships.10. The giving of increased attention tothe teaching of undergraduates.Question 2. Why are undergraduatesrequired to pay more for an education thangraduates, and then not given instructionby the best men on the faculty ?Answer: The University of Chicagodoes not stand alone in requiring undergraduates to pay higher tuition than graduate students in Arts, Literature andScience. The same policy, to ci te a fewfamiliar examples, is followed at Cornell,Yale, Johns Hopkins and Northwestern.The differentiation in favor of the graduatestudent is based upon the theory that he ispreparing himself for a profession (teaching and research) which is comparativelyunremunerative and yet which is of thehighest importance to society. And itshould be noted, in this connection, thatgraduate students in the Schools of Medicine, Law and Commerce, who are preparing for more remunerative callings, arerequired to pay the same tuition as undergraduates.The assumption that undergraduates arenot given instruction by the best men onthe faculty is not well founded. Certainly,it is not the policy of the administration tomake any such discrimination. It is true,of course, that a much larger proportionof the graduate work is done by men of fullprofessorial rank, whose wide and ripeknowledge of their subjects qualify themto guide the most advanced students. Manysuch men would rightly refuse to devotetheir time and energy to Junior College53i532 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEinstruction, and if the University insistedupon their doing so would go elsewhere.Moreover, these full professors may or maynot be good teachers. The younger members of the staff, who naturally have afresher interest in the elementary aspects oftheir subjects, are likely to be at least asgood, if not bejtter, teachers of undergraduates. If you will recali the names ofthose whom you regarded as your bestteachers, you will probably find that some ofthem were instructors — as least they beganas instructors.A great many undergraduate courses,however, are in fact given by men of thehigher academic ranks. In the year 1928-29, for example, the records show that 153undergraduate courses were taught by fullprofessors, 116 by associate professors, 179by assistant professors, 225 by instructorsand 93 by assistants. I hope that the number of courses taught by assistants may bereduced. Otherwise, I believe the distri-bution is reasonable; I suspect that it com-pares favorably with the practice of otheruniversities ; and I don't believe the qualityof instruction would be improved if it weredifferent.Question 3. Why is it that while the en-rollment in the Graduate Schools has showna fairly steady increase during the past sixyears, the Undergraduate enrollment haspractically stood stili?Answer: It is due, in my judgment, towhat may be called "naturai" rather than"artificial" causes. The chief reasons, Isuspect, are the following:1. Higher tuition fees than the neigh-boring state universities. Our tuitionfees, while stili moderate as comparedwith those of the endowed universitiesof the East, are necessarily muchhigher than those of state supportedinstitutions. This probably affectsundergraduate enrollment more thangraduate, for mature graduate students are more discriminating in selec-ting their University, and the graduateschools of the University of Chicagohave long enjoyed a world wide rep-utation. 2. The rise of free Junior Colleges as apart of the public school systems.Right here in Chicago, the CraneJunior College has grown enormouslyand it is a warrantable presumptionthat many boys and girls have enteredthere instead of coming to the University.3. Higher entrance requirements thanmost midwestern colleges and universities. I have already discussed ourentrance requirements in my lastalumni letter, and I suppose it is un-necessary to repeat what I there said.4. The widespread impression, utterlywithout foundation, that we are goingto discontinue the undergraduate colleges, or that we are not interested inundergraduates. As indicated by mylast alumni letter we are endeavoringto set these rumors at rest, and wehope to have the cooperation of ouralumni to that end.Question 4. Does the University con-sider Fraternities a usef ul agency for thepromotion of activities which develop theundergraduate student into a more worth-while citizen for later social life in his community?Answer: Since the University, at theoutset, permitted the organization of fraternities, it seems a reasonable inference that,in general, they were regarded as usefulagencies for the purpose indicated in thequestion. My own judgment is that somefraternity chapters exert a beneficiai influence on their members, and that otherchapters exert a detrimental influence. Inother words, the answer to the questiondepends upon the standards and disciplineof the particular chapter.Question 5. Of entering Freshmen, 87%are pledged to Fraternities and stili 9Fraternities are not self-supporting, and 19are concerned about the future of theirchapters. Is there any basis for concernover the problem?Answer: If the figures given are accurate, they indicate that we have too manyfraternities at the University. The uni-POINTED QUESTIONS AND PERTINENT ANSWERS 533versity has recently taken the position thatno additional chapters should be organized.Perhaps this action should have been takenat an earlier time. The problem is onewhich is obviously of concern to the fraternities. I do not think that the Universitycan fairly be held responsible for its solution. It cannot be expected to provide asufficient number of students to fili theranks of ali the fraternities that studentsor national fraternities see fit to establishhere.Question 6. Would the proposed housingproject help the Undergraduate situation?Answer: The proposed housing projectseems to me to be of the greatest importancein the development of the UndergraduateColleges. Every first-rate college, so far asI know regards it as of importance, botheducationally and socially, that the studentsshould live together in the atmosphere of thecollege. Fraternity houses, insofar as theyare properly located, comfortably equippedand well-regulated, contribute to the de-sired end, but at the present time only 25%of our total undergraduate men are livingin fraternity houses, and many of the fraternity houses offer accommodations farbelow the standards of a good dormitory.Sixteen percent of our undergraduate menare living in rented rooms in the neighbor-hood of the University, 54%, at home, andonly 5% in dormitories. I am hopefulthat the new dormitories will eventuallyeliminate the renting of neighborhood roomsby undergraduates and will greatly reducethe percentage of students living at home.The stronger and better housed fraternitieswill probably be able to hold their own, butthe poorly housed or poorly managedchapters may be eliminated by the compe-tition of first-rate dormitories.Question 7. What is being done to in-crease the number of desirable boys andgirls who apply for admission?Answer: It seems to me to be a matterof vital importance that we have a muchlarger number of applicants than we havehad in recent years. The larger the number of qualified applicants, the more effec tive will be the operation of our selectiveadmission system. In the opinion of com-petent judges, there are plenty of high schoolgraduates who are scholastically qualifiedfor admission to the University of Chicagoand who in other respects would makeprecisely the kind of Chicago students thatthe Alumni desire to see in the University.What we must do is to make such students see the advantage of coming to theUniversity of Chicago. For this purpose,we have issued the descriptive pamphlet ofthe University, a copy of which you havedoubtless seen. This pamphlet is beingwidely distributed to high school students.We have also engaged Ken Rouse to makeaddresses in high schools and to answerthe inquiries of students who show an interest in the University. We are also giving wide publicity to our Freshman andJunior College Scholarships. In my judgment, there is no way in which the Alumnican be of greater assistance to the University than by enlisting the interest ofhigh school graduates of the right type inthe University.Question 8. Does the administration ac-cept any part of the responsibility for at-tracting representative "ali around" youngmen and women of the community as applicants for admission to the University?Answer: The administration accepts theresponsibility for doing ali that can reason-ably and properly be done to attract "aliaround" young men and women to the University.Question g. If through the present selective system we are successfully securinga "better than average" scholar, does theadministration think that we may be sacri-ficing other desirable qualities of importance? Evidence is offered in the forai oflack of material for good athletic teams.Answer: In my judgment, there is notl>ing in the present selective system whichsacrifices other desirable qualities of importance. The present, and I hope temporary,lack of material for winning football teamsis not convincing evidence to the contrary.There are other endowed universities, with534 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEentrance requirements at least as high asours, which have excellent football teams.I believe that with the continuation of theeffort we are now making to increase thenumber of applications for admission, andwith the legitimate cooperation of ourAlumni, we shall be able to get a betterali around freshman class, and incidentally,better athletic material.Question io. Is the administration willingto consider whether too much emphasis hasbeen put on scholastic excellence in select-ing our applicants for admission and arethey willing to consider a broader policyof selective admission ?Answer: The administration is willingto consider any change in policy, with ref-erence to admission, that is seriously proposed by persons familiar in detail with ourpresent methods.Question n. Why are incoming Fresh-men admitted almost wholly on a basis ofscholastic record and other capabilitiespractically disregarded ?Answer: It is not true that freshmen areadmitted wholly on a basis of scholasticrecord and other capabilities practically disregarded. An examination of the Form ofApplication for Admission will show thatsuch qualities as initiative, integrity ofcharacter, capacity for leadership, and socialadaptability are carefully inquired into, andThe Alumni Enjoyed the high school Principal is requested topoint out in what ways and to what extentthe candidate has been influential amonsrhis fellow students, and to give his opinionof the candidate as a wholesome and desirable member of the college community.Question 12. Why must eligibility rulesbe more strict at The University of Chicagothan at most colleges?Answer: The eligibility rules at theUniversity of Chicago do not seem to meto be unreasonably high. Stated roughlyali that is required is that the student shallmaintain the level of work required forgraduation. If he falls below that level, thereasonable presumption is that he ought todevote more time to his studies, and he isencourged to do this by being made ineli-gible for public appearance. It is true thatour eligibility rules are higher than thoseof other Conference institutions. We thinkthat the rules in some other institutions aretoo low, and a movement is now on foot,in the Conference, to make them higher.Whether the movement will be successfulor not, I do not attempt to predict.In this connection, it may be of interestthat the rule, to the effect that a studentwho receives 2 D's, or a single F, in themid-quarter reports, automatically becomesineligible for the balance of the quarter, hasrecently been repealed.the Reunion ProgramThe Second Award of Our Two-YearJunior College Honor ScholarshipsBy David H. StevensAssociate Dean of the FacultiesIN OCTOBER, 1928, fifteen mendropped into the Quadrangles underspecial favor, having been chosen fromseventy-odd candidates for the new two-year honor scholarships for men. Theywere photographed and interviewed, thenwent t$ work, and without exception theymade good. In October, 1929, there willbe thirty-five in the delegation from thir-teen states. With them will come a thirtysixth scholar on another special basis — aFreshman — holding a one-year scholarshipvalued at Uve hundred dollars. He mayneed a course in higher mathematics toprove whether he is as well off or morefortunate than his comrades who hold tuition vouchers for the two-year period, butlike the other thirty-five he will be gratefuito the committee that opened for him thefirst gate toward a Chicago degree.The University officers responsible foradmission made these selections, with Constant and valued help from the presidentof the Alumni Council, Walter L. Hudson.The services of the alumni office staff weregiven freely in the collection and prepara-tion of materials, so that the added burdenupon the officers of the University waslightened as much as was possible. It maybe considered one of the fruitful results ofthe work that the alumni generally sharedin this effort. They have had an importantplace in the general development programwhich has brought such fine results; nowby showing an increasing interest in theselection of superior students they are en-larging their responsibilities in Universityaffairs. This service has been given by thealumnae quite as freely as by the men in ouralumni clubs. The Chicago Alumnae Clubwill send to the Quadrangles this autumnthe first young woman to hold a two-yearhonor scholarship, by providing the fundsto sustain the nomination. Such steps willbe taken by clubs throughout the country as the work of these first two years becomesthe basis for greater co-operative effort. Bymaking a search for the most promising menand women to apply for these grants andby supporting the program financially, thealumni are increasing national understand-ing of the educational advantages openequally to men and women on the University Quadrangles.The records of these thirty-five menmake interesting reading. Chosen fromthree hundred thirty-five applications areten from Illinois, six from Indiana, Uvefrom Missouri, three from Kansas, twofrom Wisconsin, and one from each efeight other states. The Rve from Missouriare possibly most interesting of ali. It issomething to know that ali Uve show aver-ages of over ninety-five per cent for theirpreparatory school years. It is equally sur-prising to discover what a range of individuai abilities the men in question have shownwhile carrying their studies at that highlevel. An alumni club that worked scientif-ically and earnestly brought these Uvecandidates into the large field of applicants,and the University officers easily appliedtheir rating tests. Scholastic ability, par-ticipation in extra-curricular activities, qualities of manhood, and promise of development toward individuai leadership wereclearly recorded in the papers submitted byour alumni and locai school officials.But Missouri is not far in advance of theother states represented in the results. Thatstate won the highest percentage of appoint-ments from its submitted applications because the selective processes were appliedfrom the outset. The quality of the entiredelegation is indicated most readily by thegrade average of these thirty-five men fortheir preparatory school period. , It is 92.7per cent. The other records used by thecommittee in determining which candidateswere most promising would be equally im-535536 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpressive if they could be summarized aseasily. From pictures, recommendations,and interviews carne the other factors in thetotal impression of values.There is something in this showing toencourage the faculty of the Colleges togive their best services to our younger students, that these students may not be dis-appointed in their academic work. Thereis something to hearten the three hundredwho were not chosen in knowing the highlevel of the competition. Finally, in theFred Ogle Baker, Evansville, IndianaRobert Lee Bibb, Memphis, TennesseeBazil Bilder, Chicago, IllinoisDonald Birney, Grand Island, NebraskaJohn David Clancy, Jr., Riverside, 111.Woodrow Wilson Dagneau,Stevens Point, WisconsinWalter Lyle Frisbie, East Chicago, Ind.Louis Glen Galbraith,Kansas City, MissouriAlbert James Galvani, Chicago, IllinoisMelvin Albert Hardies,Hammond, IndianaRobert Carmichael Howard,Tulsa, OklahomaAlfred Edwin Jacobsen,Ovando, MontanaThomas Carr Lester, Highland Pk., 111.John Duffy Lynch, Lockport, IllinoisGeorge Mahoney, Chicago, IllinoisWalter Maneikis, Chicago, IllinoisTheodore Richard Marquardt,Lombard, IllinoisArthur Winfield Mertier,Kansas City, Kansas 5 results our alumni and alumnae have helped, the University to realize, we have a fineì demonstration of what can be done toimprove College standards by a personal) interest in the primary business of under-) graduate education. With every enteringstudent selected under such tests as are in- use now for finding our two-year honori scholars, no one need be concerned over thel quality of our student body or the abilityi of our graduates to sustain Chicago tra-i ditions.Ralph Grier Moffat,Chester, South CarolinaHarold Guy Murphy, Wichita, KansasEdward Gregory Neidballa,Elkhart, IndianaClarence Edward Oldham, Elgin, IH.John Edward Osmond, Brazil, IndianaEugene Perrine, Twin Falls, IdahoJohn Bayard Poole, Fordson, MichiganJames William Porter, Topeka, KansasGarland Chamberlaine, Sullivan, Ind.Lewis Reuben Rowland,Kansas City, MissouriAllen Carnes Rudy, Canton, OhioFrederick Wesley Rufi,Kansas City, MissouriJohn Henry Spearing, Jr.,Milwaukee, WisconsinWarren Elstob Thompson, Chicago, 111.John Marshall Weir, Jr.,Kansas City, MissouriJason Joel Woodside, St Joseph, Mo.Raymond Edward Zenner,Brookfield, IllinoisWinners of Two Year Honor Scholarships1929-1930in mv opinionBy Fred B. Millett,Assistant Professor of English.WHEN the theatrical season of1928-9 ended in Chicago, and Iwas driven to the movies for entertainment, I made an appalling discovery.The talkies (or, if you insist, the squawkies)have not only driven the musician (and themovie-organist) out of the- movie-palace,but are in the act of dealing another "death-blow" to the long suffering stage. Iemerged thoroughly convinced that in afew years the talkies will put an end tothe legitimate drama in ali save our largestcities, and that by 1933 they will constitutethe sole theatrical fare for most of theyear in at least half the theatres in theChicago Loop. We are obviously at theend of the brief but lively era of competi-tion between stage and screen. The talkie,the illegitimate offspring of the two formerrivals, will end the competition by throttlingits parents.Under the circumstances, it becomes amelancholy duty to record my impressionsof the theatrical season just ended. But theenervating influence of the sea-air on CapeCod in July makes it easier to dredge upmemories of nights in the theatre than tocompile a systematic record with the aid ofcalendar, clippings, and programs.The contribution of the Theatre Guildis illustrative of my feeling that the theatrical season was fairly good, but mighteasily have been better. Of the four offer-ings of the Guild, Volpone was the onlydistinguished drama. It was, of course,Ben Jonson with a difference : it had theElizabethan giant's constructive skill, intellectual vigor, and satiric savagery ; italso had, in the Guild's version of StefanZweig's adaptation, an unrelieved villainy and an equivocai conclusion that were notJonsonian. It was perhaps as horrifying acaricature of human greed as one will eversee. Arms and the Man turned out to bevery slim Shaw; it would have been agreater favor to revive the melodiousChocolate Soldier. In it, however, AlfredLunt gave one of his best performances,and Lynn Fontanne, one of her worst.Marco Millions, despite George Jean Na-than's rhapsodies, is second or third-rateO'Neill, a discordant blend of the romanticand the satiric moods. In the Guild production, moreover, the romantic note wasunderemphasized, and the satiric stressed,and it is the splendor of the "designment,,and not the play that remains pleasantly inone's memory. The elements which madePorgy a thrilling experience in the theatrewere essentially irrelevant to its inept andfumbling drama: the director's powerfulmanagement of lights, shadows, and masses,and the beautifully rich singing and speak-ing voices of the negroes. If the Guild isto sustain its splendid reputation in Chicago,it must make up its mind to send us first-rate plays as well as first-rate productions.It is naturai but praiseworthy that theGoodman Theatre should have furnishedus more unusual and distinguished playsthan any other organization presentingplays in Chicago. In my opinion, the finestmodem play of the last season was WhenWe Dead Awaken, a brilliant example ofIbsen's later technique and a searching tothe very roots of character and human fate.It is vastly to the credit of the Goodmancompany that its performance projectedmost of the values of this great play. TheGolem, though imaginatively produced,537538 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEturned out to be an absorbing but unsatis-factory drama. Its author seems never tohave decided exactly what his subject was,or, if he decided, he lost track of it in themorasses of philosophy and locai color.Pirandello's Six Characters in Search of anAuthor is as fascinating a play to read asany written since 1900, but in performanceit is slightly disappointing. The teacherof philosophy in Pirandello escapes occasion-ally from the control of the dramatist, andthe resulting philosophical tirades provesomewhat exhausting for Anglo-Saxonactors and their audiences. We must alsothank the Goodman for its riotously farcicalproduction of The Critic, since an exhibi-tion of the hokum of the romantic theatreprepares one for a perception of the hokumof to-day. The Goodman and the Guildare the most encouraging dramatic activi-ties in Chicago, and of the two, the Goodman is the more important, for it is in-digenous.I have already paid my respects in thisplace to the various companies which havebrought Shakespere to us this season. Ac-cordingly, it is enough to remark that theimmense success of the almost unheraldedStratfordians demonstrated anew the popu-lar appeal of Shakespere without the adven-titious accompaniment of "designment" andstars, and revealed to some of us for thefirst time the effectiveness of Henry IV andRichard IH in the theatre.On the whole, the deceased season con-tributed more to the delight than to theinstruction of theatre-goers ; the season gaveus more occasions for laughter than fortears, perhaps on the ground that in anincreasingly tragic universe, it is necessaryto laugh to keep one's courage up. Firstamong the laugh-producers, I rate BeatriceLillie in This Year of Grace. The passionate loyalty which Miss Lillie arouses de-serves analysis: it is, probably, the complexresult of her trim beauty, her cool aloofness,the economy of her methods, and her amaz-ing flair for the incongruous trifle. Herimpersonation of La Fiamme (Paris, 1890),her elegantly catastrophic drawing-roomballad, her rendition of the pathetic World- Weary, was, each in its own way, per feet.That the revue itself, which the English hadhailed as superlative, met the acid test ofAmerican production, is a credit to thewit and ingenuity of Noè! Coward.It is not mere patriotism which permitsme to insist that The Grand Street Follies(comparatively neglected in Chicago) wasas amusing a show as This Year of Grace.Its forte was, of course, literary and dramatic satire, and perhaps only those Chi-cagoans addictedto Vanity Fair, The NewYorker, and Variety, brought to it theparticular sort of sophistication it required.Its essential eminence lies in impersonation,and here Paula Trueman and DorothySands are excellent, and Albert Carrollsupreme. The last has more talent thanone could assemble f romì ten bowling Shu-bert successes. Likewise in the vein ofspecialized satire was A Royal Family, theenjoyment of which demanded a slight interest in theatrical temperament and thepersonalities of the Barrymores. It waswell cast to type, had the notorious JedHarris speed, and gloried in the patriciandistinction of Haidee Wright.It would be churlish not to set downmy gratitude to the devoted, if somewhatnondescript, English company whichbrought us the unfailing delights of TheBeggars Opera and Polly. Sylvia Neliscaptured, once again, the ingenuous senti-ment of the heroine, and the opera's sequel,though its modernization offended the ex-perts, proved delectable to the untutored.It would, finally, be dishonest not to ac-knowledge my amusement at Mae Westand her show. The amusement, however,is of a rather unlovely sort, for it is a blendof ridicule of the worst play I have everwitnessed and admiration of an almosttalentless woman whose impudent self-confidence has brought her notoriety.In Cari Van Veditene Firecracker$}there is a precious feminine brat who char-acterizes her mother completely by remark-ing that "Marna doesn't retain." ......Well, the above memories are apparentlyali I have "retained" of the theatricalseason of 1928-9.®i)e ®mbersttp of Cfmago jfólaga?meEditor and Business Manager, Charlton T. Beck '04Advertising Manager, Brockway D. Roberts '25EDITORIAL BOARD: Commerce and Administration Association — Rollin D. He-mens, '21; Divinity Association— C. T. Holman, D.B., '16; Doctors' Association— D. J.Fisher, '17, Ph.D., '22; Law Association— Charles F. McElroy, A.M., '06, J. D., '15;School of Education Association — Lillian Stevenson, '21 ; Rush Medicai Association—Morris Fishbein, 5ii, M.D., '12; College— Roland F. Holloway, '20; Allen Heald,'26; Wm. V. Morganstern '20, J.D., '22; Faculty— Fred B. Millett, Department ofEnglish.Donald P. Bean, '17, Chairman$ere^crs &> commeu^tWE HAVE the rare privilege ofpublishing in this issue a letter fromfive alumni who propose to demonstratetheir loyal and continuing interest in theUniversity and their desire to "serve herand the vivifying purpose for which shestands" in a most tangible and practical way.Through annual contributions to theUniversity, largely unrestricted as to use,they hope to establish a living endowmentwhich can be used where the need is mosturgent, and which will provide a means ofdeveloping a continuing intimacy betweenthe alumni and the University.On the financial side alone the assistancerendered by such a fund might well becomeof great moment to the University.Through such an agency in a single year4500 alumni have contributed $129,000 toColumbia, 9000 alumni of Cornell havegiven $150,000 to their Alma Mater, 6000Dartmouth alumni gave nearly $120,000, while Harvard receives nearly $200,000annually through their contributing alumniand former Yale men have contributed asmuch as half a million dollars in one year.As has been shown in the letter of ac-knowledgement from the Board of Trusteesthe proposed annual contributions of theWve alumni who are suggesting the establishment of such a fund would be equivalent to5% on an outright gift of $100,000. Amongour 27,500 alumni it would be but reasonable to expect a total annual contributionequivalent to the interest upon an outrightgift of $5,000,000. Nor would such a sumnecessitate annual contributions of $1000from each of the donors, the sums sogenerously offered by the originators of thesuggestion. An average gift of ten dollarsfrom each alumnus would create such aliving endowment.But such a fund has more than a financialside, important though that may be. UnlessTHE Magazine is published at 1009 Sloan St.,Crawfords ville, Ind., monthly from Novemberto July, inclusive, for The Alumni Council oftita University of Chicago, s8th St. and Ellis Ave.,Chicago, 111. The subscription price is $2.00 peryear; the price of single copies is 25 cents.Postage is prepaid by the publishers on ali ordersfrom the United States, Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico,Panama Canal Zone, Republic or Panama, HawaiianIslands, Philippine Islands, Guam, Samoan Islands.Postage is charged extra as follows: For Canada,18 cents pn annual subscriptions (total $2.18), onsingle copies, 2 cents (total 22 cents); for ali othercountries in the Postai Union, 27 cents on annualsubscriptions (total $2.27), on single copies, 3 cents(total 23 cents).Remittances should be made payable to the Alumni Council and should be in the Chicago or New Yorkexchange, postai or express money order. If locaicheckis used, io cents must be added for collection.Claims for missing numbers should be made withinthe month following the regular month of publication.The Publishers expect to supply missing numbers freeonly when they have been lost in transit.Communications pertaining to advertising may besent to the Publication Office, 1009 Sloan St., Craw-fordsville, Ind., or to the Editorial Office, Box 9,Faculty Exchange, The University of Chicago.Communications for publication should be sent tothe Chicago Office.Entered as second class matter December io, 1924,at the Post Office at Crawfords ville, Indiana, underthe Act of March 3, 1879.Member of Alumni Magazines Associated.53954Q THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsuch alumni effort has as a by-product thestrengthening of alumni interest in the University it will have failed in its largest purpose. It provides an ideal agency for de-veloping a continuing intimacy between thealumni and the University. The olderchildren in any family usually keep informedabout family affairs and share in family re-unions, but a peculiar understanding andintimacy is the share of those older sonsand daughters who are able to assist in thesupport of the younger children and so helpsolve the innumerable problems of the family. It would be difficult to overestimatethe effect of such a living endowment in itsstimulation of active and intelligent alumniinterest in the University family circle.Through such a fund each alumnus maygive annùally little or much as he can af-f ord ; but that little or much, if general withali alumni, becomes of powerful service totheir University. Gifts for specific purposesare always useful. Large individuai con-June 4, 1929.Mr. Harold H. Swift,Chairman Board of Trustees,The University of Chicago,Chicago, Illinois.Dear Sirs :We, being several alumni of the University of Chicago, in considering our relation to the University and our desire toserve her and the vivifying purposes forwhich she stands, desire to submit to theUniversity an offer which we set out here-with :Ali of us have been contributors to thealumni fund raised some years since, underwhich we engaged to pay different sums tothe endowment fund of the University infive (5) annual installments. Despitepersonal inconvenience, we have derivedgreat pleasure and deep satisfaction in giving these installments. The time has nowapproached when the last of these installments will be paid, but the time has not tributions are deeply appreciated andurgently needed, but small subscriptionsmade annùally by the many are more to bedesired than large contributions Limited to afew givers. The slogan of such a living endowment should not be "Give until it hurts"but rather "Something from everyone-—gladly." With such an attitude both thealumni and the University are thrice blessedin the giving.The Alumni Council welcomes the in-auguration of this movement at Chicago.It acknowledges with gratitude and appreciation the generous way in which h\e ofits members have started such a fund without urging and without solicitation. TheCouncil is confident that thousands ofalumni will desire to share in this movement.The alumni office will be glad to act asclearing house for such as desire to join inthis living endowment and the columns ofthe Magazine are open to a discussion ofits advisability and its advantages.come when our pleasure in supporting theUniversity shows any diminution. It occursto us that it would give us pleasure andmight advance the cause of the Universityin some small way if an arrangement weremade under which we and other alumni sodesiring might continue to contribute to theUniversity annual sums to be used towardsits support.While it is true that we engaged our-selves to a special undertaking in view ofparticular needs of the University some Uveyears ago, we ali feel that we would each beglad to contribute the amount of onethousand dollars ($1,000.00) per year,providing a pian something like the onewe propose fits in with the needs of theUniversity. Our thought in brief is thatali alumni desiring should engagé to makean annual contribution to the Universityof a stated amount agreeable to them, thisengagement to be terminable on one year'snotice, and not to run against the estateAn Expresswn of Alumni InterestEVENTS AND COMMENT 54iof the donor. The purposes of the fund,while not narrowly specified, we believeshould be dedicated to the promotion of theUniversity and towards the salaries of theteaching and research staff, particularly theformer.We believe such a fund might very wellbe made to fit into the budgetary plansof the University, particularly if appropria-tions be made only one year after collection,and if the appropriations were made againsttypes. of expense and against engagementsand contracts prevailing over relativelyshort periods of time.It is our belief that such donations wouldnot interfere with any capital donationswhich might be made from the samesources, while the fund itself, with thegrowth in the number of alumni and theirprogress upward in the various walks oflife chosen by them, would tend to steadilyincrease rather than diminish. From whatinvestigations we have made this is thehistory of such funds.We believe particularly that the piansubmitted would meet the conditions ofour alumni and their desire to serve theirTo Messrs. Willoughby G. WallingJohn F. HageyDonald S. TrumbullPaul DavisLeo F. WormserDear Fellow Alumni:Your letter of June 4 was received bythe Board of Trustees with very keenpleasure. It was referred to this Committee, which had previously been appointed"by the trustees to consider matters ofalumni service and support to the University, for express answer.Our pleasure in your communication isfurther enhanced by the fact that ourcommittee had already been studying theplans adopted by the alumni of other institutions, such as Yale, Harvard, Princeton, Columbia, Cornell, etc, and had come"to the conclusion that a pian for alumni alma mater. We are not an old Universitynor is our student body attracted to anyconsiderable extent from people of infieriteciwealth, so that on the whole our alumniare in better position to contribute steadilyout of income than they are to supportthrough donations from accumulatedcapital.If our suggestion is agreeable, we areprepared to enter into an undertaking asoutlined above to pay one thousand dollars($1,000.00) per annum, payments to beginnot later than one year after the date ofour respective final installments on theobligations already assumed by us, or inthe case former obligations have beencompletely paid, within a year of the dateof this letter.We should very much like to hear fromthe trustees as to the practicability for theirpurposes of this hope in our hearts.Very truly yours,(Sgd.) Willoughby G. Walling" John F. HageyDonald S. Trumbull" Paul DavisLeo F. Wormsersupport through annual contributions wasin ali probability best adapted to the purposes of the University. Indeed, the verydetails of your thought — as to the contributions being largely unrestricted, not bindingupon the estates, and subject to cancellation— were matters which had already met withour approving judgment. Your letter,therefore, was both extremely timely andreassuring, and we believe it will be in-spiring to the whole body of the alumni.What you propose to give to the University annùally is equivalent to 5% on anoutright gift of $100,000, while, as yousay, an annual contribution from income ismore adapted to the circumstances of manypeople than such a gift of capital as wouldbring an equivalent return. The policyof the trustees to so operate the Universityof Chicago as to avoid a deficit has beenThe Trustee's Reply542 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsuccessful, but it is the result of the denialof urgent demands. Funds of the descrip-tion which you offer will be available forthe use to meet instant need.It also appeals to us that the pian whichyou propose has a particular significanceas a means of developing and sustaininga continuous intimacy between the alumniand the University.We are confìdent your unsolicited proposai will have an important and far-reach-ing effect on the affairs of the University, and we again want to express to you ourkeen appreciation of the stimulating effecton the committee of your generous offerand it is in this spirit that we accept it.Sincerely yours,Charles F. AxelsonWilliam Scott BondWilber E. PostAlbert W. ShererFrank McNair, ChairmanCommittee of the Board of Trusteeson Alumni SubscriptionsThe Stairway, Swift Divinity HallTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJacobson BrothersGeneral ContractorsChicago, 111.Builders ofNew Power PlantGreenhousePotting ShedSteam TunnelsforThe University of ChicagoALUMNI SBI AFFAI R SThe Alumni ReunionThe Prodigai Son Gets Back HomeDEAR SKEETER:In me you behold a Reunion con-vert ! Last year I fully intended toforget my business and run in to Chicagoior at least Alumni Day, when you wrote methat you were going to kiss your sheep goodbye and chase back to the Midway forConvocation week. Frankly, my main purpose in coming was to get a little visitwith you, for I had never developed anyparticular ardor for this wholesale Reunionbusiness. To be sure I carne back for thequarter centennial and had a corking goodtime, but that was a sort of special occasion.Well, I couldn't make the grade lastyear but your enthusiastic report of thedoings, half way persuaded me to get backfor this year's celebration and the Reunionannouncements reached me while the market was in the doldrums and fully decidedme to leave my troubles behind me andrun back to Chicago for the festivities.I got into the Windy City Friday nightin time to have a little dinner with fouror five of the old gang at the UniversityClub, and spent Saturday morning visitingsuch of the old timers as I could find intheir LaSalle Street offices.I called up John Moulds so that theBoard of Trustees would be officially ad-vised of my presence., and got not only aformai and officiai greeting but an invita-tion to come and eat lunch with him atthe Quadrangle Club. Of course I ac-cepted and had an hour of reminiscencethat was worth the whole price of thetrip. Along about one-thirty John had tobeat it, after presenting me with the free-dom of the Campus and a program ofthe day.I found that there was plenty to selectfrom. Immediately I had my choice be tween the National Collegiate Track Meeton Stagg Field and a baseball game betweenthe classes of 'io and '17. I decided todivide my time between them. So first Iwent to the track meet where I saw a hundred yard dash that will go down in history.Of course, there were other events — andthey were ali good — but I could stay foronly part of the program, and I am properly thankful that the hundred was runwhile I was in the stands. Simpson, Bra-cey, and that little colored boy from Michigan ran a remarkable race and Simpson'srecord breaking performance was greetedby louder cheers than I have heard at atrack meet since the days of Binga Dis-mond.Well, I saw part of the meet and thenheaded for Dudley Field where I foundregistration tents and class umbrellas andthe old Shanty that brought up ali sortsof memories of hurried breakfasts at Mrs.Ingham's during that Freshman year thatI lived in Snell. And on the field theteams of '16 and '17 were cavorting. Ofcourse, I didn't know many of the playerseven by sight, for they are of a later generation, but I did spot Jerry Fisher, CraigRedmon and Harold Gordon, who used totackle hard and low just before the war.Jerry is now an associate professor in Geol-ogy, Craig is down in Perù, Indiana,with the American Refrigerator people,and Gordon is on LaSalle Street with therest of the. moneyed men. I never didlearn the final score, for who should comealong but Hooper Pegues, looking just asnaturai as life. He had wandered in fromEdmonton and made me feel like a pikerfor coming only three hundred miles. Well,Hooper had an unexpected but brilliantidea. He says, "Bill, what do you say if544THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 545The New ChapelSunny Gymnasiumand thePower Houseare ali covered withF E D E R A LPrecast ConcreteROOF SLABSPERMANENT - FIREPROOFNO MAINTENANCEMade, Laid and Guaranteed byFederai Cement Tile Co.CHICAGO546 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwe go to some of these faculty teas?"The suggestion didn't make any particularhit with me for I never was strong forteas and I never did make a practice ofmeeting the faculty en masse when I couldescape it. But he modified his generalproposition by saying, "I want to get apeek at Phil Alien and Teddy Linn and seehow Duke Jones wears his professorialrobes." So off we went across the Campus,where it looks as though a contest wasgoing on for the excavating championshipof the world. Three steam shovels arehard at it digging what has ali the appear-ance of a second Panama Canal, but theyassure me that they are simply preparingthe way for Eckhardt Hall and a lot ofsteam pipes.Well, we dropped in at Rosenwald Hallto hunt up Duke Jones, only to find thathe had been called away on some importantmission, and probably wouldn't be back."Too much tea for Duke," says I. Butthere was a fine delegation of faculty peoplewith Mrs. Barrows acting as hostess, and,believe it or not, there were any numberof alumni back to see their dear old profs.Missing out on Duke we went on to Wieboldt Hall, which is the home of the ModemLanguages. In their Commons room wefound more modem linguists. than you couldshake a stick at. Many of them werefaculty men, but there were alumni indroves. We found Phil Alien poised withhis usuai dignity and looking down on thecrowd from his six feet three. He wasgood enough to say that he was glad tosee us — in fact, he suggested that our coming made the day a complete success. Hetold us about the new book he is writing —something about a Golias family of whichwe had never heard. We asked him if hewould be out for the alumni dinner andthe Sing and were shocked when he re-plied, "Not on your life! When this reception is over I shall collect my family,take them to dinner at the QuadrangleClub, then find a nice quiet corner inHutchinson Court, in which to seat them,after which I shall hie me to my fireside andmy book." "Oh," says I, "You spend aliyour evenings with the Golias family?" "Not this evening," says Phil, "The bookI refer to is the best detective story that hasbeen published . this year, and I am notits author."Then we looked for Teddy Linn, butwith no success. It was hinted that hewas probably at the Track Meet gettingmaterial for the "Round About Chicago"column that he writes each day for theHerald and Examiner.It was after four o'clock and we headedback to what the program so euphoniouslydescribed as the Gardens of Ida Noyes tosee the home talent vaudeville show di-rected by Frank O'Hara. It was a cork-ing good show. The Blackfriar stuntswere fine and ali the other events pleasedthe big crowd that filled the outdoortheatre.I saw a lot of old timers mixed in withthe grads of more recent vintage. HerbZimmerman and Frank McNair and HarryAtwood and Andy Wyant and Frank Good-enow from Kansas City and Al Straubefrom Detroit and Rudy Mathews fromMilwaukee and Merrill Wells of GrandRapids and a hundred more from here,there and everywhere. I didn't see ArtìeBruce but I heard he got in that morningfrom Memphis and on the strength of eatinga club breakfast at the Palmer House hepersuaded Walt Gregory to drive him outto the track meet. Then after a little visiton the Campus he caught an early trainfor the south so that he might be back intime to teach his Baracca class on Sundaymorning.After the ali-University review we en-joyed a real honest-to-goodness Sunset Supper as guests of the University. Rightthere in the gardens, shadowed by the newChapel we enjoyed a real meal, served tosome fifteen hundred old grads. As manymore went to their fraternity houses wherefree feeds were the order of the day.The dinner over, we adjourned to theChapel just adrosjs the way, where wefound seats to the glorious tones of theChapel organ. Fritz Woodward, as acting presdent, gave a most interesting talkon the policy of the University regardingthe undergraduate Colleges, answering aTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 547Phone Normal 0434 Phone Went. 1799Q L* Gunggoll CompanyCONTRACTORS6417-19 South Park AvenueCHICAGOSteps — Drives — Sidewalks — FoundationsBasement Floors — Red Cement FloorsReinforced Concrete Construction.Cement work (C!] That Lasts5+8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEscore of questions that have been askedby alumni repeatedly during the past fewyears. Then Charlie Gilkey, the dean ofthe Chapel and a University trustee, toldus a lot of interesting things about RobertMaynard Hutchins and the manner ofhis selection for the presidency. I thoughtthat completed the Chapel program but suchwas not the case for Walter Hudson, aspresident of the Alumni Council, got upand made a gracious little speech that carneright from the heart, telling ali about thelove of the alumni for the acting president,and right there and then as a memento ofalumni esteem and regard he presentedFritz Woodward with a very beautifulwatch, guaranteed to keep correct time fora generation.Then carne the adjournment to Hutchinson Court for the Interfraternity Sing —a bigger and a better Sing — for this yeara cup was given for quality of singing aswell as for quantity production. Twenty-six fraternities appeared on the programand it was warming to the heart to see theold timers marching with the undergradsand ali togéther lifting up their voicesin song. And what mattered it if someof us old geezers had forgotten the wordsof the ode and had never heard our partic-ular marching song. We sang just thesame and our Um! pah! pah! Tra! la!la! went up to heaven as the thanksgivinghymn of a prodigai son who has got back home. For quality of singing Alpha Deltcopped the prize, with Artie Bovee leadingthem like a professional impresario. DeltaTau Delta had the largest delegation ofpure — no, purely — Chicago men. But whenit carne to numbers Sigma Chi was theriot of the evening. They marched in lastand by Fritz Woodward s. new watch ittook just thirty-three minutes for theirdelegation to pass a given point. Everyone of their four score and seven chapterswas represented by at least one platoon andto ali appearances the Chicago chapter hadevery alumnus on deck except Charlie Mc-Kenna who was probably delayed by anoperation.At any rate the Sing was a huge success.Then carne the induction of marshalsand aides, followed by Amos Alonzo's pres-entation of the C blankets to those whohad them coming to them. Dancing wasstili going on in the Reynolds Club whenI tore myself away to catch my train forthe east.It was a great day, my lad, and I oweyou a vote of thanks for reviving my interesta year ago. To reciprocate I '11 just make adate with you right now for next year'sReunion. Let's get back early and staylate. And let's get ali the old gang to joinus. Why keep a good thing like this toourselves ?Yours reunitedly,BillThe Sunset SupperTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 549THE PORTABLE STEEL STADIUMVIEW OF SOUTH STAND — STAGG FIELDNew DesignCircus SeatsNo BoltsLow ErectionCostCalumet Structural Iron Works» Inc.MANUFACTURERSChicagoPORTABLE STADIUM COMPANYPATENTEESNew York City55<> THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINERush Faculty a?id Alumni BanquetTHE Annual Rush Faculty andAlumni Banquet held Tuesday, Juneil, at the Auditorium Hotel, Chicago, was a huge success. More than fourhundred faculty and alumni were gatheredtogether making this one of the largestreunions ever held.Dr. Arthur D. Bevan was toastmasterand under his skillful direction the programwent along very smoothly. He introducedthe President-Elect of the University,Robert M. Hutchins, who was given a veryhearty welcome. He in turn greeted usvery cordially and said that he knew a lotabout Rush long before he had ever heardof the University of Chicago.The next speaker was our very beloved"Daddy" Slaymaker, retiring President ofthe Rush Alumni Association, who recalledmany of the never-to-be-forgotten days of"Old Rush." Very fìtting following thiswas the subject of the next speaker, DeanErnest E. Irons, who spoke on "TheFuture of Rush." He reviewed the eventsleading up to the final statement of policyby the University as regards Rush MedicaiCollege and outlined the pian for futuredevelopment and progress.Dr. Russell Wilder followed with afew words of what the Alumni could andwould do for Rush if called upon and of their loyalty in the trying times just passed.The President of the Class of 1929*Ralph H. Fouser, expressed the thanks ofthe students of the class to the faculty forthe opportunities offered them and the hopethat they in return would prove to be faith-ful and loyal alumni. Dr. Heilman C.Wadsworth spoke for the class of 1909who celebrated their 20 Year Reunion.Mr. Alfred Carton, Vice-President ofthe Board of Managers of the PresbyterianHospital, spoke of the dose relationshipwhich existed between the College and theHospital and of plans for the future development of the Hospital and what thiswould mean to the College.Professor Julius Stieglitz, of the University, spoke of the medicai work offeredby Rush and expressed the hope that Rushmight be "the shining light in the crownof the University."Dr. Bevan told of his proposed gift ofone million dollars toward the PresbyterianHospital program.Dr. F. B. Moorehead, on behalf of theFaculty and Alumni, presented to OttoSwanson a silver loving cup and a checkfor thirty-five years of faithful service.And so the Annual Banquet was over butthe happy time had will linger long inthe hearts of those who were able to attend.More than four hundred were gathered"THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 55iWe Will Give You Justthe Greenhouse FactsYouWantWE shall be pleased to give youthe facts about this and ourother greenhouses, and answer aliquestions that are in your mindright now.If you want to know exactly how thehouses are constructed ; if you wantinformation concerning exteriors,interiore and plans, it shall be ourpleasure to help you.A copy of our latest catalog will bemailed upon request. =•^£3fr'-w*5^^%*'/*iS^&^tuiihaiiifòBuilders of Qreenhouses andMakers of BoilersChicago— 208 So. LaSalle St.Irvington, New YorkrThe New University Power Plantis completely equipped withLINK * B ELT CorweyorsTHIS new plant is notable for itsmodem type of power housedesign. The Link-Belt equipmentinstalled here includes :Two large anti-friction beltconveyors, with a Link-Belt full-automatic tripper.Two large Link-Belt ApronConveyors, one for feeding the crusher, the second for deliver-ing coal from tunnel gates: withPeck Pivoted Bucket Carrier fordelivering coal to bunker con-veyor, and for ash removal.Ten ton motor driven weighlarry. Rack and pinion slidegates, self-draining ash hoppergates, etcLink-Belt CompanyPHILADELPHIA2045 W. Hunting Park Ave. CHICAGO300 W. Pershing Road INDIANAPOLIS200 S. Belmont Ave.552 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINERush Annual MeetingANNUAL Meeting of the AlumniAssociation of Rush Medicai College of the University of Chicago, at theAuditorium Hotel, June lì, 1929.In the temporary absence of the President the meeting was called to order byVice President, Gatewood.The President, Dr. Slaymàker, then ar-rived and took the gavel and proceeded withthe order of business.The respective reports of the Secretary,the Treasurer, and the Necrologist werethen read and accepted. An interestingcoincidence of the Necrologista report wasthat the number of deaths during the yearnumbered 120, the exact number in thepresent graduating class.Dr. Post moved that the treasurer andsecretary constitute a committee with powerto act, for the purpose of making someprovision with the University, whereby theUniversity may take over the various fundsstili in the hands of the treasurer for betterinvestment. Passed.Dr. Ritter suggested a 50 year reunionas well as the established reunions of IO,20, 30, and 40 years. On motion the ideawas adopted. Dr. Ritter also favored aregister in the hands of the secretary forrecording the members of the classes at-tending the annual meetings. The sug-gestion was also favorably adopted. Therebeing no further business the annual elec-tion was held with the following result.President, Edward S. Murphy '97>Dixon, Illinois.First Vice President, Kellogg Speed '04,Chicago, Illinois.Second Vice President H. C. Wadsworth'09, Washington, Indiana.Third Vice President, R. A. Peters '84,Tipton, Iowa.Necrologist, Frank Allin '05, Chicago,Illinois.Treasurer elected for three years, C. O.Rinder '13, Chicago, Illinois. Secretary elected for three years, CharlesA. Parker '91, Chicago, Illinois.Directors for three years — S. R. Playmaker '91, Chicago, Illinois; Frederick B.Moorehead '06, Chicago, Illinois.Directors for two years, elected 1928—Dallas B. Phemister '04, Chicago, Illinois;R, R, Ferguson '03, Chicago, Illinois.Directors for one year, elected 1927 —Nathan P. Colwell '00, Chicago, Illinois;Josiah J. Moore '12, Chicago, Illinois.Delegates to Alumni Council — W. A.Thomas '16, Chicago, Illinois; Clark W.Finnerud '16, Chicjago, Illinois; T. E.Blomberg '27, Chicago Illinois.Adjourned.Secretary j* ReportTHE outstanding event of our alumnirelations during the past year has beenthe decision of the University to continueRush Medicai College indefinitely as anundergraduate school, and with it the present dose affiliation of the college with thePresbyterian Hospital, with plans for in-creased development of both.This important decision will find a responsive chord in the hearts of many RushAlumni, as well as the teaching personnel.Announcements of far reaching plans oiprogress are expected at almost any time.As an integrai part of the University theproverbially high character of the medicai teaching and service will be maintainedas their scope is enlarged.The University of Chicago Magazinewill keep the Alumni informed of ali important happenings, as well as of the routineevents.In fact, the work of the general secretaryas reported in the Magazine leaves littlefor the locai secretary to do outside of recording the Annual Meetings,, and theoccasionai interseasonal meetings of thelocai board of directors, but the organization remains intact, and ready to functionas occasion demands.Charles A. Parker, SecretaryTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 553CorridorAlbert BillingsMemorial HospitalAn indication of thisinstìtution's desire to instali only Superior Equipment is evidenced by theStedman ReinforcedRubber Tile Floors in itsCorridorsSTEDMANPRODUCTSCOMPANY1310 Tribune TowerChicago, 111.When the Campus was a Hay FieldIN 1859, when this firm was founded, the campus of the University of Chicago pre-sented a very rustie appearance. In the center of the campus was a shallow pondsurrounded by underbrush and hay fìelds.That was seventy years ago. As the University has grown and developed, so hasthe firm of Moore, Case, Lyman & Hubbard, until today we write practically everyknown form of insurance and are furnishing the City of Chicago with millions ofdollars of insurance protection.MOORE, CASE, LYMAN and HUBBARD1625 Insurance Exchange175 W. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111.Phone Wabash 0400ESTAaUSHEO 185»Frederick W. MooreEdward W. PointerFred Y. CoffinJohn K. Walter Cari L. OdellDorr C. PriceHarry E. KnightTheodore G. Rockwell1859 1929554 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAnnual Law SchocANNOUNCEMENT by President-l\ Elect Robert M. Hutchins of the-*- -*- appointment of Professor Harry A.Bigelow as the new Dean of the LawSchool; of Professor Ernest Freund to thenewly created John P. Wilson Professor-ship; and of Acting Dean E. W. Hintonto the new James Parker Hall Professor-ship of Constitutional Law, were the highspots of the Annual Dinner of the LawSchool Association on Tuesday evening,June n, 1929, in the Fiorentine Room ofthe Congress Hotel.The attendance was 196,- the largest onrecord, being four more than last year atthe Twenty-fìfth Anniversary. The ap-plause, the enthusiasm, the esprit de corps(or what have you?) indicated the best andmost enjoyable meeting yet held.President Thurlow G. Essington (wholacked only 50,000 votes in 1924 of be-coming Governor of Illinois) presided. Heread a telegram from United States SenatorOtis F. Glenn, who had accepted an in-vitation to speak, regretting that the con-tinuance of Congress in session preventedhim from attending.Acting Dean E. W. Hinton made thecustomary "annual report" of the Dean forthe previous year, showing a continuinggrowth. The number of new students andthe total attendance both are larger thanfor the previous year, and part of the workhas been carried on in other buildings.The fact that the School has been onlymarking time for over a year, waiting forthe appointment of a new Dean, has madeMr. Hinton's work trying and difEcult;hence the growth during that time mustbe taken as a convincing evidence of hisqualities of leadership.Professor Frederic C. Woodward, nowVice-President of the University, and forthe last year Acting President, said he stilihoped to be able to return sometime toteaching in the Law School. He thenintroduced the President-Elect.Mr. Hutchins quickly made clear that hehas analyzed the Law School's needs, andthat he does not intend that the School Association Dinnershall be anything but a top-notcher. Theloss of Dean Hall and Professor Mechemby death, and of Professor Woodward bvpromotion, must be made good by the appointment to the faculty of as distinguisheda group of professors as can be secured.The library appropriation should be in-creased at least fìve-fold. The Law Schoolshould undertake research on a scale notyet attempted in an attack on social problems — perhaps in a manner analogous tothat already under way at the Yale LawSchool under Mr. Hutchins' guidance. TheLaw School needs a greatly increased income. Since the University is now to havea lawyer as President and two lawyers asVice-Presidents, it is not likely that theLaw School will lack adequate attention.He then made the three announcementsof appointments already mentioned : —"Professor Ernest Freund will be theJohn P. Wilson Professor." The crowdcarne to its feet, clapping and cheeringfor several minutes."Acting Dean E. W. Hinton will filithe chair of the James Parker Hallprofessorship of Constitutional Law."Again the crowd was on its feet, and theapplause lasted several more minutes."Professor Harry A. Bigelow will bethe new Dean of the Law School."Again pandemonium for several minutes.Now, you law men and women who werenot there, we ask you: Can you imaginethree more popular or pleasing announcements to a body of law school alumni?Then the new Dean, Mr. Bigelow, toldsome of the things he expects of the LawSchool. He seemed modest and diffidentas to himself, but not as to the Law School.In fact modesty seemed to be entirely absentfrom references to the School by ali thespeakers. An epitome of ali the speecheswas substantially this:"The Law School will continue to give(not Vili give' but Vili continue to give')the best possible training to students of law.It will continue to be not interior to any.It will be the best and foremost of themali."THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 555University of Chicago Uses ThermixThe University of Chicago is saving practically 60% of the heatthat would otherwise be lost up the chimney by one of the most modemof Power Plant economy devices — the Thermix Air Heater.As one graduate said, it is like throwing a dollar's worth of changeout of the window and running downstairs and picking up sixty centsof it.For the University's Blackstone Avenue Power House, there wasthe problem of efficiently handling the tremendous weight of 2060 tonsof gas per day through the flues and up the chimneys. Neilor, Rich& Co., Engineers, specified the Thermix form of draft now beingadopted by the most progressive Power Plants in the United Statesand Europe.A feature which will be of interest to architects is that ThermixStacks can be made invisible from the exterior like the Marshall-FieldGarden Apartments, Chicago.If you have an Industriai plant, investigate these money-savingmethods which have been adopted by the University.Our interesting catalog sent on request.Prat-Daniel Corporation183 Madison Ave., New York, N. Y.Mid-Western Engineering Office. 2831 S. Parkway, ChicagoBranches in 22 CitiesTHERMIXStacks and Air HeatersEstablished 1851 Incorporateci 1891Geo* D* Milligan CompanyPainting and DecoratingContractorsCommercial and IndustriaiPainting, Brusii or Spray616 S. Wabash Ave. Harrison 0761556 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEProfessor Ernest Freund gave a shortaddress as a memorial to Professor FloydR. Mechem, who died during the schoolyear. He told of Mr. Mechem's rank asthe foremost world authority in Agencyand other subjects; of his excellence as ateacher ; of the power and sweetness of hispersonality.The fìve-year classes carne next — 1904,1909, 19 14, 1919, and 1924. The largestdelegation was from the class of 1909,celebrating its twentieth anniversary. Albert B. Houghton, now of Milwaukee,made the response for the class, stoppingjust short of claiming the moon as one ofits possessions. He recited how it is dis-tributed over the world, positions of honorfìlled, and upheavals caused by its members.Charles H. Borden, for the class of 19 19,was more diffident, saying that in spite ofthe claims made for the excellence of theLaw School by Acting Dean Hinton, DeanBigelow and President-Elect Hutchins, themembers of the Class of 19 19 were justbeginning to learn some law. Phillip E.Ringer, for the. class of 1924, could thinkof nothing in his class to brag about as yet,but seemed hopeful.Over thirty members of this year's gradu-ating class were present as guests of theassociation. Their blind president, HerbertGeisler, expressed their thanks and aspira-tions. Mr. Geisler, although without sight,has stood near the head of his class theentire three years, and is a newly electedmember of the Coif. He has been an in-spiration not only to his class, but to thealumni. His presence on the program was\T THE annual meeting of the Com-/jL merce and Administration AlumniAssociation the following officers wereelected :President, Earle W. English, '26.Vice-President Henry G. Hulbert, '23.Secretary-Treasurer, Margaret E. Knox,'28. a climax to an evening without a parallelA letter from George Maurice Morris*J.D. '15, of Washington, D. C, was readsuggesting that a committee be appointedto consider the question of giving thealumni over the country something to doin aiding the law. school. A motion wasadopted to appoint such a committee, whichwill make a preliminary report at the meeting of the American Bar Association atMemphis, Tennessee, in October, and afinal report to the Annual Dinner of theLaw School in 1930.New officers for the coming year wereelected as f ollows :President — Judge Walter P. StefìenJ.D. '12.Vice-President — Charles P. SchwartzJ.D. '09.Secretary — Charles F. McElroy, J.D.'15.Delegates to Alumni Council — WalterP. Steffen, Charles F. McElroy,Willard L. King, J.D. '17.Judge Steffen, the new President, expressed his thanks for the honor, and askedfor the cooperation of the alumni in attendance on whatever meetings are to beheld, saying he would assure them thatsuch meetings would be worth while.The dinner arrangements were in chargeof Willard L. King, J.D. '17, as Chair-man, with a Committee too large to enumerate. An attendance of 196, being nearly60 per cent of the alumni in Chicago andenvirons, is an indication of the kind ofhard work done by the committee.Charles F. McElroyDelegates to Alumni Council, Henry G.Hulbert, '23; Earle W. English, '26;Dwight M. Cochran, '27.Members of Commerce and Administration Council, Donald P. Bean '17; MarionR. Stein, '21; Elizabeth V. Foreen '26;Dwìght M. Cochran, '27 ; George W Ben-ton, '27; Edward H. Rayl, '28.C. £? A. Association Elects OfficersTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 557Charles P. WikCut Stone SettingContractor5714 Peoria StreetWeritworth 3757Setting the Cut Stone Work on:George Herbert JonesLaboratorySocial Science BuildingBernard E. Sunny GymnasiumBobs Roberts Memorial HospitalBernard A. Eckhart HallEstablished 1880Wm, Murdoch Co.Roofing ContractorsFelt, Composition and GravelRoofingAsphalt Roofing, Promenade TileInsulation30 North La Salle St, ChicagoTelephone Franklin 4316Ralph A. Bond Co.Special Woodworkand Floor Builders720 N. Michigan Ave.Whitehall 6008—6009Plank Floor in Commons RoomWieboldt Hall Installed by Us LAB ELECTRICCOMPANYContracting Engineersfor Electrical ConstructionRecent InstallationsSecondary Sub-Station atBlackstone Ave» Power HouseMedicai Group VaultBillings HospitalVault E, Emmons Blaine HallVault A, Goodspeed HallVault C, University ChapelSocial Science Building53 West Jackson BlvcLPHONESHarrison 0680 Wabash 8320Giannini &HilgartStained Glass andMosaics2134-2138 Lewis StreetTelephone Lincoln 7870GHICAGONEWS OFTHE CLASSESAND ASSOCIATIONSCollegeTHE following officers of the CollegeAlumni Association were elected inJune :ist Vice-President, Helen Norris, '07.Executive Committee, Benjamin H.Badenoch, 'io; Kenneth A. Rouse, '28.Delegates to the Council, ElizabethFaulkner, '85; Herbert P. Zimmerman,*oi; Daniel P. Trude, '02; Jessie Heck-man Hirschl, 'io; Paul H. Davis, 'li;Milton E. Robinson, Jr., 'n.'02— Mrs. E. A. Cleeton (Pearl G.Bryning) 6050 Dorchester Avenue, Chicago, is teaching in Moser Business College.'03 — W. N. Garlick will be teachingin Woodrow Wilson High School, LongBeach, California, next year.'13— William S. Turner, A.M., wasrecently elected President of the StateTeachers Association in North Carolina.He has been granted a Fellowship by theGeneral Education Board for next year,which will be spent in Chicago.'08 — Merrill C. Meigs has resigned hisposition as publisher of the Chicago Herald& Examinef to devote his time to his personal affairs. His offices are at 208 SouthLaSalle Street, Chicago.'15 — Erna B. Hahn, of Cleveland, Ohio,visited in Russia and Germany last summer.' 18— Mrs. Edward A. Wicher (Ida L.Oberbeck), whose husband was Professorat the American School of Orientai Research in Jerusalem this year, writes thatthey are returning to their home in SanAnselmo, California. She found manyChicago alumni in Palestine, with whomshe shared her Magazine.'18 — Jane L. Jones has been appointeddean of women at St. Lawrence University,Canton, New York, and will assume herduties next September. '16 — Charles H. Soutter has been appointed buyer for Sears, Roebuck & Com-pany's southeastern territory, mail orderand retail. He started with Sears Roebuckin 19 16 and served recently as assistantto the general merchandising manager.'18 — Cari L. Marcus is with the MarcusFurniture Company, 851 Belmont Avenue,Chicago.'20 — Harriet H. Fillinger, S.M. '21,Professor of Chemistry in Hollins College,Hollins, Virginia, is president of SouthwestVirginia Chemists' Club.'22 — Elizabeth M. Fisher is sketchingin Italy at the present time. She hasillustrated a number of books since hergraduation.'22 — Milton H. Sachsel is practicinglaw at 208 South LaSalle Street, Chicago.,22— Douglas L. Hunt, A.M. '23, andMrs. Hunt (Mary W. Fassett) '26, areliving in Birmingham, Alabama, whereMr. Hunt is Associate Professor of English at Birmingham-Southern College.'23 — Sidney Levenberg is advertisingmanager of the Leiter Building Stores,Chicago.ex '23 — Edward Dauber is comptrollerof the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, Middle Western Division, with headquarters in Chicago,'24— William H. Adler is doing advertising and publicity work for the MarksBros, theatres in Chicago.'24— Emma A. M. Fleer, 55 14 Black"stone Avenue, has been appointed dean ofwomen at the Chicago Normal College.'24 — Margaret J. McKinney, S.M. '26,who has been at Michael Reese Hospitaland Northwestern University MedicaiSchool since getting her Master's degree,has started a clinical laboratory of her own55»THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 559Permanent Teaching Positions at Better Pay# We help you to more lasting tenure, larger opportunities and better pay. The years of exoe-2£" «~ °.ur.Personnel. as. teachers and executives in public schools and colleges adds to the r*cognizedefficiency of this organization an understanding of the needs of both teachers and officials. The resultis better qualified teachers in positions of more opportunity— greater efficiency and fewer changesOur more than forty years of nation wide experience in placing college teachers and' execu-tives, supenntendents pnncipals and secondary teachers promotes the satisf action and progress of bothindividuai and schools. Write for InformationG. E. GOODELL, President and General ManagerJJT?|p M TEACH ERS^^ 28 g ast Jackson dlvd.mMShr^è uhieagoClark -BrewerTeachers Agency47th YearFor College Vacancies, write toour College Department.Teachers (with A. M. or Ph. D.)wanted. Salaries $2500-^4000Direct calls.64 E. Jackson Blvd.Lyon and Healy Building ChicagoNew YorkPittsburghChicagoFor one registrati on you join alioffices permanentlyWrite for "TheTeachers andThe Teachers'Agency," full ofkeen suggestionsabout job getting. MinneapolisKansas CitySpokane,Wash.THE YATES-FISHERTEACHERS' AGENCYEstàblished 1906Paul Yates, Manager6l6-620 SOUTH MICHIGAN AVENUECHICAGO Albert Teachers' AgencyCollege Division25 E. Jackson Boulevard, Chicago535 Fifth Ave., New York CityFor forty-four years at the headof College and State Teachers'College placement service. Professore and Instructors sent byus to every State University. Menand women with advanced degreeswill find here what they want.Send for College booklet andCollege blank. Better stili, caliat our office.THE J.--M. HAHNTEACHERS AGENCYA Western Placement BureauElementary, Secondary, CollegeAlways in quest of outstanding educatorsfor important positions. Teachers with higher degrees in demand. Doctors of Philosophy urgently needed for college anduniversity positions now listed.J. M. Hahn and Bianche TuckerManager s2161 Shattuck Ave. Berkeley, California560 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEin the new Hyde Park — Kenwood NationalBank Building at 1525 East 53rd Street,Chicago.'24 — Gladys P. Winegar, A.M. '27, isassistant professor of Home Economics inthe University of Nebraska at Lincoln.J25 — Louisa Clark, who has been teaching History of Art and studying for threeyears at the University of Wisconsin, willbe at New York University next year, withthe intention of completing her work forthe doctorate in History of Art.'26 — Harry B. Allinsmith is in Japanand China for six months introducing thexnovitone and vitaphone for the ElectricalResearch Products, Inc., of New YorkCity.'26 — Mary R. Barnette, teacher ofCivics and Economics at Hughes HighSchool, has won a scholarship offered bythe Cincinnati Peace League, which pro-vides an opportuni ty for six weeks studyat Geneva, Switzerland.'27 — Madi Bacon is studying and teaching music in San Francisco.'27 — J. Parker Hall is spending thesummer abroad. He will start next Octo-i>er with the firm of J. & W. Seligman &'09— Paul M. O'Donnell, 29 S. LaSalleStreet, Chicago, is trying to keep downstate Illinois from unloading the expenseof running the state on Chicago businessand estates.'n — Harry W. Harriman, '09, is coun-sel to the Railroad Commission of Wisconsin, Securities Division, and is livingin Madison, Wisconsin.'17 — Yorick D. Mathes, Esperson Building, Houston, Texas, is representing thestate of Texas on the National Committeeof the American Legion.'18 — Voyle C. Johnson was one of fivenew assistant state's attorneys recommendedby the Chicago Bar Association, sworn inJune io, 1929. Mr. Johnson was formerly Company, 54 Wall Street, New York City.'27 — Lula K. Weber is art instructor inThe Oakwood High School, Dayton, Ohio.'27 — Josephine Sibbald is teaching forthe second year in the French Departmentof Bryan, Ohio.'27 — Beatrice Watson has returned froma year's study in Paris and is now Frenchinstructor at the University of Texas.'28 — Karl Mygdal is working as geol-ogist for the Lago Petroleum Corporationat Maracaib, Venezuela.'28 — Jean Fraser Flatt is teaching HomeEconomics in the grades in the NutanaCollegiate Institute, Saskatoon, Canada.'28 — Herman J. Offer is in his secondyear in the University of Chicago LawSchool. He is also a salesman for theUnited States Duplicator Company, 622West Lake Street, Chicago, manufacturersof office devices.'28 — George V. Jones is in the advertising department of Butler Bros., Randolphand Canal Streets, Chicago.'28 — Arnold M. Johnson is withMerrill-Lynch & Co., Stocks and Bonds,105 West Adams Street, Chicago.associated with Donald R. Richberg, 'oi.'20 — Robert E. Mathews, who is on theLaw faculty of Ohio State University willteach in the Columbia Law School thtssummer.'20 — Earl B. Dickerson has changed hisoffice from 117 North Dearborn Street to35 South Dearborn Street, Chicago.'22 — Benjamin E. Jaffe, '19, will remove his offices to 33 North LaSalle Street,some time this summer.'23 — Joseph RV Rose, '20, is practicinglaw at 1303 North American Building,Philadelphia.'24 — Cari B. Nusbaum is associated withHoffman & Golder in the Foreman National Bank Building, Chicago. Leo W.LawNEWS OF CLASSES AND rWhat Part >^of My Incoine ^^.Can I Lay Àside^^for Life Insurance?^CONCRETE FACTS speaklouder than words.Here is the actual program of ayoung man, 28, married, with twochildren. His income is $5,000 ayear.The annual premiums amountto about $600, leaving a balanceof $4,400 for the support of hisfamily, an easy proposition forambitious young parents lookingto the future.What does he get for his $600?^An^estate of $30,000, $5,000tobepaidin cash athis death,therest held in trust to pay $100 amonth to his widow during herlifetime, the remaining principalto go to the children after herdeath.If you are interested in arrang-ing an estate for yourself , let ushelp you make your plans to suityour own needs.Hoffman is a University of Chicago man,class of 19 10.'27 — Lucile P. Biebesheimer, '21, isassociated with the law firm of Urion,Drucker, Reichmann & Boutell, 134 SouthLaSalle Street, Chicago.'28— George E. Wickens is practicinglaw in association with the firm of Zane,Morse & Norman, 111 West MonroeStreet, Chicago.,29— Leon M. Despres, '27, and BenI. Greenebaum, Jr., '27, are associatedwith the firm of Sonnenschein, Berkson,Lautmann, & Levinson, 77 West Washington Street, Chicago.MARRIAGESBIRTHS, ENGAGEMENTSDEATHSMarriagesSophia Berger, '04, to E. N. Moni, May29, 1929. At home, Jerusalem, Palestine.Charles M. Rodemacher, '12, 'to MabelBeedle, '22, December 24, 1928. At home,6203 Kimbark Avenue, Chicago.Eugene Exman, A. M. '25 to GladysMiller, June 6, 1929. At home, New YorkCity.Enoia Eno, Ph.D. '25, to Cari S. Fors-gren, May io, 1929. At home, Lucknow,India.Ruth A. Freeman, '26, to James V.Carne, June 4, 1929, m Bond Chapel,University of Chicago. At home, 6616Yale Avenue, Chicago.Dorothy Grosby, '26, to Milton Gerwin.'26, J.D. '28, December 23, 1928. Athome, 6800 Normal Boulevard, Chicago.Anita Bramson, '26, to Dr. J. VernonEdlin, May, 1929. They are now travelingin Europe.Estelle Oppenheim, '27, to Louis Ru-benstien. At home, Jackson Heights, LongIsland, New York.Ivan G. Grimshaw, A.M. '27, to MyrtleArdith, June 20, 1929. At home, Cuy-ahoga Falls, Ohio. INQUIRY BUREAU197 Clarendon St, Boston, Mass.I am interested in building an estatealong the lines described in your ad-vertisement. Please send me furtherinformation.Name - - Address - THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJ. V. Kinsman Electric Co.Electrical Engineersand Contractors7726 South Ashland Ave.ChicagoTelephone Stewart 1370Frank H. Stowell Co.Ili W. MonroeSt.Contractors forSwift Hall— Bond ChapelSocial Science Bldg.Bobs Roberts MemorialHospitalFort Dearborn Plumbing& Heating Company53 W. Jackson Blvd., ChicagoPlumbing, Heating andPower ContractorsEveryMakeCOLORSTYLETYPEWRITERAH Machines Guaranteed1311 E. 57th St. H. P. 1690WOODWORTHS Mary Planert, A.M. '28 to Dr. AlvinStewart Thurston, June 18, 1929. Athome, 2936 Ash Street, Denver, Colorado.Homer D. Mitchell, '27, to Ellen MaryMcMichael, June 12, 1929. At homeBay City, Michigan.Reese H. Price, '27, to Dorothy Low'28, May io, 1929. At home, 7556 EssexAvenue, Chicago.Lawrence Duggan, ex '27, to ThelmaHolman, June 1, 1929, in Bond Chapel,University of Chicago.Harriett H. Phillips, '28, to HymanSmoler, January 12, 1929. At home, 5501Washington Boulevard, Chicago.Elizabeth Pierce, '28, to George Anselm,May 31, 1929. At home, Iowa City, Iowa.Anita Gelber, M.D. '28, to Wm. J.Frederick, M.D. '28. At home, 4312West Washington Boulevard, Chicago.Leon Liakakos, '29, to Cleopatra Troh-atos, May 12, 1929. At home, 4201Mozart St., Chicago.Hayward W. Foy, M.D. '29, to BiancheE. Reif, January 1, 1929. At home, Harding, West Virginia.EngagementsArnold Moecker, '26, to GertrudeRathje.Gladys H. Freeman, A.M. '20, to FredCarlson, of De Kalb, Illinois.BirthsTo Robert V. Merrill, ex '14, and Mrs.Merrill (Letitia Fyfle) '14, a son, JohnFyffe, March 29, 1928 at Chicago.To Winfred W. Hawkins, M.D. '23,and Mrs. Hawkins (Beatrice Weil) '18,M.D. '23, a daughter, Jane Elder, March16, 1929, at Evanston, Illinois.To Mr. and Mrs. George NorthrupSimpson (Barbara Miller) '18, a son,George Northrup II, May 14, 1929, atChicago.To Arnold J, Hoflman, '20, and Mrs.HofTman, a son, John Morrison, May 27,1929, at St. Louis, Missouri.To Mr. and Mrs. Alvin O. Wiese(Mildred J. Janovsky) '20, A.M. '22, ason, Alvin, Aprii 23, 1929, at East Orange,New Jersey.To William Porter Burleigh, '22, andNEWS OF CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONSMrs. Burleigh, a son, William Porter, Jr.,June 15, 1929, at Evanston, Illinois.To Cari Wesley Gamer, '22, and Mrs.Gamer, a son, Carleton Edwin, February13, 1929, at Chicago, Illinois.To George H. Hartman, '23, and Mrs.Hartman (Martha Smart) '23, a son,George Herbert, Jr., December 21, 1928,at Chicago, Illinois.To Dr. and Mrs. J. G. Arden (RoseFishman) '24, a son, Stanley Earl, Aprii13, 1929, at Chicago, Illinois.To Carol E. Magenheimer, '24, andMrs. Magenheimer (Phyllis Cummings)'24, a daughter, Phyllis Ann, May 16,1929, at Los Angeles.To Dr. and Mrs. Cecil J. Ross (LucyBaker) '25, a son, William Morse, June18, 1929, at Portland, Oregon.To Arthur C. Droegemueller, '25, andMrs. Droegemueller (Katherine Meyer)'25, a daughter, Joan Louise, February 26,1929, at Chicago.To Arthur J. Coombs, M.D. '25, andMrs. Coombs, a son, Donald Morgan,January 7, 1929, at Chicago, Illinois.To Felix F. Caruso, '25, and Mrs.Caruso (Dorothy Willis) '25, a daughter,Ida Jane, May 17, 1929, at Chicago.DeathsGeorge Daniel Swaine, M.D. '73, No-vember 28, 1928, at his home in SouthEuclid, Ohio. Dr. Swaine was one of thepioneers in medicine in North Dakota.He was the first white man to perforai*an operation on an Indian. The famousSitting Bull was present at the operation.Frank W. Jay, M.D. '90, May 12, 1929,at his home in Evanston, Illinois.Fred B. R. Hellems, Ph.D. '98, Aprii19, 1929, at Boulder, Colorado.William H. Krauser, '12, May 27, 1929,at the Williamsport Hospital, Milton,Pennsylvania. Mr. Krauser was a prom-inent druggist in Milton.Barney Breene, ex '25, in November,1928, at Tulsa, Oklahoma.Oscar T. Morgan, Ph.D. '02, June 22,1929, at Eagle Point, Oregon. He waspastor of the Presbyterian church in EaglePoint and a teacher in Albany College,Albany, Oregon. B 0 0 KPhone sB orShop B0 byMail 0O fromthe 0K U. of C.BOOKSTORE K^1S 5802 Ellis Ave.Phone Midway 0800 SB 0 0 K sPaul H. Davis, 'n Herbert I. Markham, Ex. 'o6Ralph W. Davis, 'io Walter M. Giblin, '23PaaiRDavls&<90.MEMBERSNEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGECHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE37 South LaSalle StreetTelephone Rana. 6280CHICAGOMOSERSHORTHAND COLLEGEA business school of distinctionSpecial Three Months' IntensiveCourse for university graduatesor undergraduates givenquarterlyBulletin on RequestPaulMoserJ. D., Ph.B.116 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago564 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEALUMNIPROFESSIONALDIRECTORYInsuranceJohnJ. Cleary, Jr., '14175 W. Jackson Blvd., Wabash 1240Eldredge, Carolati, Graham &. ClearyReal EstateJ. Alton Lauren, '19J. Alton Lauren and Co.1 39 N. Clark St. Randolph 2068JENNINGS SEMINARYAURORA, ILLINOISA High School tor Girls, with Home PrivilegesCourse fully Accredited — Terms Reasonable.Write for CatalogAbbie ProbascoSchoolsTHE FRANCESSHIMER SCHOOLHigh School and Junior College for GirlsCatalog on ApplicationW. P. McKee, President Mt. Carroll, IH. Stephens CollegeColumbia, MissouriA Junior College forWomenFully Accredited by theUniversity of ChicagoLet Us Teli You About theFour Year Junior CollegeCourse for Your DaughterJAMES M. WOODPresidentUNIVERSITYCOLLE GÈThe downtown department of The University of Chicago, 116 S. Michigan Avenue,wishes the Alumni of the University andtheir friends to know that it offersEvtning, Late Afternoon and Saturday Class e sTwo-Hour Sessions Once orTwice a WeekCourses Credited Toward University DegreesThe Spring Quarter begins Monday, Aprii 1, 1929. Registration Period. March 22 to 30, 1929For Information, AddressDean, C. F.Huth University College,University of Chicago, Chicago, 111.THE FAULKNER SCHOOL FOR GIRLS4746 Dorchester Avenue (Co-operatwe with the University of Chicago) Telephone Oakland 1423A DAY SCHOOL FOR GIRLS OFALLAGESThe school is a member of the North Central Association of Schools and Colleges and prepares its graduates for ali colleges and onrrersiiies admitting The College Board Examinations are given at the school. The college preparatory work is under the direction ofMISS ELIZABETH FAULKNER, PrincipalBoys are admitted to the Kindergarten Department, which is under the direction ofMISS GEORGENE FAULKNERThe Chicago Latin School for GirlsA Unique Day School.59-69 Scott Street , , , Superici- 3767The curriculum of this school extends from the elementary grades through the upper forms.Its high educational standards and splendid faculty offer thorough preparation for Eastern Collegesand Western Universities. Special courses in music, art, and science provide more than the generaicultural background traditional to the average day school.%AH Work under the Direction of Miss Elizabeth Single ton, HeadmistressThe WiseExecutivetakes care of today and has the vision to protect himselfagainst the emergency that may come at any time. Heis prepared against ali contingencies by having adequate insurance for his business in ali its branches.As carefully as you choose your banker, just ascarefully should you choose your insurance broker.The one assists, the other safeguards your business.Insurance is the final and fìtting step of the wise executive who finishes the job right.MARSH & McLENNANInsurance in Ali Its Branches164 WEST JACKSON BOULEVARD, CHICAGONew YorkBuffaloPittsburghMontreal Duluth Vancouver PortlandDetroit Cleveland San FranciscoLondon Columbus Los AngelesRichmond Indianapolis SeattleWinnipeg Minneapolis PhoenixChapel, University of Chicago. Bertram Q. Qoodhue Associates, Architects.Léonard Construction Co., Builders.Indiana Limestone AH!ChapelClassics BuildingCobb HallThe CloisterThe George Herbert JonesLaboratoryHarper Memorial LibraryHutchinson HallKent Chemical LaboratoryMitchell TowerSwift HallWieboldt HallBernard E. Sunny Gym-nasium Belfield HallEmmons Blaine HallIda Noyes HallBartlett GymnasiumHitchcock HallSnell HallBillings HospitalPsychology BuildingReynolds ClubBotany BuildingZoology BuildingAnatoray BuildingCulver HallBlake Hall Gates HallGoodspeed HallSocial Science BuildingFoster HallKelly HallGreen HallBeecher HallWalker MuseumRosenwald HallLaw SchoolHaskell MuseumJoseph Bond ChapelEckart HallLeon Mandel Assembly HallINDIANA LIMESTONE COMPANYQeneral Offices: Bedford, Indiana Executive Offices: Tribune Tower, Chicago