3* ^ACpQBfoi ofCjicagoVOL. XXI XUMBER 6APRIL, 1929The Social Orientation of Research — T. V. Smith 297Some Financial Aspects of Higher Education— Natimi, C. Plimpton 305, Sojourn on a Summit, V — Henry Just in Smith 313Cambridge — Horace WillUton 317'Albert Harris Tolman — Gerald BirHèy Smith 320In My Opinion — Fred B. Millett 326Book Reviews Alumni Affairs AthleticsNews of Quadrangles University NotesBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCILThe Elizabethan Jigand Related Song DramaBy Charles Read BaskervillBecause its popularity lay with. the people, the six-teenth and seventeenth century jig- was neglectedeven scorned by the cultured. Às a result, few speci-'mens have survived and the history of the form hasbeen difficult to reconstruct. This is the first complete account of this type of drama in England. $5.00Folklore in the Englishand Scottish BalladsBy LoWRY C. WlMBERLYA fascinating account of the pagati ideas and genuinefolk beliefs — the wealth of primitive materials inwhich the ballad was conceived. $5.00Swindlers and Roguesin French DramaBy Hilda NormanUsing one hundred and eighty-five plays, Miss Norman traces the money question through three cen-turies of vaudevilles, comedies, and dramas. $3.00A Balzac BibliographyCompiled by William Hobart RoyceThe only bibliography 011 Balzac which embraceswritings in more than a dozen languages; the onlyone which presents the information in complete bib-liographical form; the only one which is up-to-date,the only work, in fact, which in its comprehensivenessmay be called, "A Balzac Bibliography." $5-00The University of Chicago PressTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 29$An organization of over fifty people, with speda list s in ali branches of advertisingVANDERHOOF6P COMPANY Qmeralo/IdverHsivgVANDERHOOF BUILDING.» • fMfr lQ7 B- ONTARIO ST«.CHICAGOHENRY D. SULCER, '05, PresidentRESEARCH... and the$100,000,000 MINDThe $100,000,000 mind ... a groupof executive-advertising minds whichhas productively spent more fhanone hundred million advertising dol-lars . . . never acts until it has the facts.Through Research . . . we know todaywhere there are 500,000 families whowill buy pianos . . . though the industrysays the public will not buy them. Weknow that springtime "peak" advertising of automobiles in some states ismoney thrown away . . . though this isnow the usuai practice.These and a hundred other valuableconclusions, some pertaining to yourbusiness perhaps, are a valuable partof what the $iod;ooo,ooo advertisingmind can offer you„Member: American Associa tion of Advertising Agencies & National Outdoor Advertising Bureau294 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEALUMNI TEACHERSCI The University maintains a free placementservice for alumni in the teaching professionunder the direction of the Board of VocationalGuidance and Placement.CLThrough this placement service several hundred alumni each year find positions. Thoseseeking to advance in the profession may dis-cuss their plans with the Board.C|,Assistance is also offered college and schooladministrators seeking people for their instruc-tional staffs. Alumni in administrative positions are especially invited to take advantageof the services of the Board.I AI T II c/I/*The annual dinner given by the Boardof Trustees to the faculty and administra-tive officers of the University is not only asocial diversion and a gustatory delight,but it is a time for scholarly presentation ofUniversity problems and an occasion forviewing, a bit more concretely, its oppor-tunities for future service and development.The Magazine is fortunate in being able topublish the addresses of the two membersof the faculty who spoke at this year'sdinner.In the March issue the address of Professor Stieglitz was read by thousands ofalumni. In the present number we offerthe contribution of Thomas Vernor Smith,our widely known philosopher, whose popu-larity upon the campus is being reflectedin the Constant calls which he receives forarticles and addresses. His latest lecturetour took him into Texas where he de-livered seven formai lectures in five days,and talked informally — but always phil-osophically — much of the rest of the time.wwwMany a reader of the Atlantic Monthlywas unable to agree with the argument ad-vanced by Professor William B. Munro inhis article, Are Our Colleges Playing PoorfMost of the non-conformists were contentto limit their discussions to the family circleor the group of intimates. The Magazinewas indeed fortunate to persuade such anauthority as Nathan C. Plimpton to take upthe gage of battle and give its readers someinside information on the Financial As-pects of Higher Education.t Mr. Plimptonhas had a long association with the University where he has served as AssistantTHE Magazine is published at 1009 Sloan St.,Crawfords ville, Ind., monthly fróm Novemberto July, inclusive, for The Alumni Couhcil ofthe University of Chicago, s8th St. and Ellis Ave.,Chicago, 111. The subscription price is $2.00 peryear; the price of single copies is 25 cents.Postage is prepaid by the publishers on ali ordersfrom the United States, Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico,Panama Canal Zone, Republic of Panama, HawaiianIslands, Philippine Islands, Guam, Samoan Islands.Postage is charged extra as follows: For Canada,18 cents on annual subscriptions (total $2.18), onsingle copies, 2 cents (total 22 cents); for ali othercountries in the Postai Union, 27 cents on annualsubscriptions (total $2.27), on single copies, 3 cents(total 23 cents).Remittances should be made payable to the Alumni u cAuditor and Auditor and now holds theposition as Comptroller. He has oftenbeen called upon by other institutions togive advice and counsel on administrativemethods and in this article he speaks withthe knowledge of an expert in his field.wwwA broad minded editor of an AlumniMagazine remarked upon a visit to oursanctum, "The Sojourn on a Summit is themost humanly interesting story of lifearound a great University that I have everread." If the question were put to ourMagazine readers, we are confident thatthey would affirm unanimously the opinionof this enthusiastic critic.Speaking of articles that are humanlyinteresting, we would recommend ali of ourreaders to invest fifteen minutes in readingHorace Williston's impressions of an Eng-lish University.Albert H. Tolman, who died on Christ-mas Day, 1928, had been a member of theUniversity faculty since 1893. As Professor of English Literature, he was known,internationally, as one of the great Shake-spearean scholars of his age. He con-tributed much to the scholarship of theUniversity, and to the renown of his de-partment. Gerald Birney Smith, a dosefriend, gives an intimate sketch of thisesteemed leader.Professor Millett reviews a most interesting first novel by a Chicago alumna,now on the faculty of the University ofCalifornia.Council and should be in the Chicago or New Yorkexchange, postai or express money order. If locaicheck is used, io cents must be added for collection.Claims for missing numbers should be made withinthe month following the regular month of publication.The Publishers expect to supply missing numbers freeonly when they have been lost in transit.Communications pertaining to advertising may besent to the Publication Office, 1009 Sloan St., Craw-fordsville, Ind., or to the Editorial Office, Box 9,Faculty Exchange, The University of Chicago.Communications for publication should be sent tothe Chicago Office.Entered as sécond class matter December io, 1924,at the Post Office at Crawfords ville, Indiana, underthe Act of March 3, 1879.Member of Alumni Magazines Associated.295* : <.*'¦!?s& i<\*'¦ ^iHull Court in Summer296V O L. XXIQKje No. 6Untòetóttp of Cincaso4tilaga?ìneAPRIL, 1929The Social Orientation of Research*By T. V. SmithProfessor of PhilosophyIAFTER too many fifteen-hour days insuccession, of which I suppose alik- professors like sometimes to boastin honor of conscience and as an apology foreasy pay, I fell some weeks ago into theaftermath common to our profession — dis-couragement and self-interrogation. Howfar, I said to myself, does ali this that busiesme rise above the level of sound and furythat signify nothing? What of ali that Iam overdoing makes anybody, including myself, any better off ? What after ali, I saidto myself, are you doing that is distinctive?This is the University of Chicago, you know.I said to me accusingly, you certainly cannotjustify your academic board and keep by theoccasionai diversion of yours that led Presi-dent Woodward when you asked him whatto say tonight, to reply: "I don't know";but to add as an apparent afterthought,"Stay off controversial subjects, since theBoard of Trustees has assigned no one torebut you." You know, I said to me, thatyou retired from the deanletship becauseyou had nothing distinctive to show except*An address delivered February 14, 1929, some selflsh, though highly treasured,friendships with students. You know thatyou cannot pride yourself on your teachingwhen your students confuse you with anyother Smith that happens to be handy — withL. P. Smith, with L. C, with J.M.P., withHenry Justin, even with Gerald Birney!Your general defense of the golden meanagainst conservatives by seeming more radicai than you are and against radicals byseeming more conservative than you are —that is old stuff , I said to me, and will surelyget along without you. Even if you didthe best job possible in what the academicdivision of labor has assigned to your de-partment, where does it get anybody — except yourself out of breath and others outof patience? Philosophy, you know, doesnot bake any bread or erect any buildingsexcept air castles, or endow any chairs. Itonly occupies armchairs that would notlook bad if left vacant. Isn't, after ali, Iprodded myself, the very best thing that canbe said for philosophy what Lord Macaulaylong ago said : it is more humane than cock-fìghting and less dangerous to the healthat the Trustees' dinner to the faculty.29729^ THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthan hard drinking; but after ali it's amighty sorry business for a grown man?Isn't the best you ever get out of your students a quittance of the graduates throughthe doctorate and from undergraduates aharmless but useless amiability now andthen, such as by the freshman girl — RuthEarnshaw — last year on the ethics of thepumpkin pie,With a warmth like a father's love,Spiced as an Irish pun,Soft as a purling summer stream,Rich as a melting sun, —Like liquid velvet glideAnd mid my vitals He,Oh, glad were I to perishWhile eating pumpkin pie.Or the effusion from a junior boy —Meyer Levin — some years ago when in de-fense of the life of the senses he wrote thisapostrophe to one of them:Thou brave comrade, frontier of theface,Pioneer in darkness, and leader of ourrace,Forerunner of fortune, and espion ofwoe,Lead on, my Nose, I follow, where'erthou bids't me go.Well, as you will recali from your ownexperiences, my colleagues — for I speak notmore autobiographically than professionally,I hope — this was a mood of the morningafter the night before, a mood in which theapologetic I could make no satisfactory replyto the accusing me. But since I was notable to quit at will this gravity field foranother of my own choice and since I dis-dained to make an exit out the backdoorin the grand manner before our groupinsurance pian goes into effect, especiallysince my present insurance premium wasoverdue, I followed the argument roundand round to where it finally pointed —to the University itself. As separatescholars we have taken Goethe's sage advice,"be a whole or join one.JJ Since we knowthat we are not in ourselves complete, wehave joined ourselves with one another towhat is more than any of us in order todo some great and worthwhile thing. Is the University itself, I asked, doinga distinctive work, or is it too doing whatothers could and but for it would as welldo ? The dreams of our two leaders whomI had known carne back to warm me—President Burton's ringing challenge for usnot to be the greatest but for our time andplace the best; President Mason's equallyheartening emphasis upon quality ratherthan quantity, upon opportunity rather thancompulsion. But as these two superb menpassed from our leadership, did their dreamstoo pass, I queried, like the ceasing of someexquisite music?As I sat in my armchair and thoughtover the various aspects of our far-flungenterprise, I passed easily over the collegeswith the memory of an occurrence last yearin an Illinois town not two hundred milesaway when I asked at luncheon a group ofrepresentative patrons of colleges why noneof their children had come to our colleges.The reply to a man was: "We did notknow that you had a college; we thoughtthat you were a graduate school." Andthis in spite of the heroic efforts of two ableand earnest undergraduate administrationswith which I had been closely and grate-fully identified. I passed easily over theteacher-training aspect of our graduateschools with the feeling that but for ourremarkable School of Education, we turnout only average teachers for the schoolsand colleges of the Middle West. I passedthese aspects of our work with the recogni-tion that we do not want to be good, as themovie-struck girl cried ; we want to befamous. I could not but sense even in myblundering philosophic way that most of thefame we have — and for our youth it is much— has come from our successful researchwork, a technique which we have not asyet — and thereby, I suspect, hangs the tale— applied very far to the colleges andteacher-training on the Quadrangles.But I could not so easily pass the professional schools on my way eventually tomemorialize research. My mind rested ofcourse on our newest group, the MedicaiSchools. I had almost got into the habitof thinking before they carne to us thatTHE SOCIAL ORIENTATION OF RESEARCH 299^hether doctors were allopaths or home-opaths or osteopaths or hydropaths, ali these"paths," like the path of glory, led but tothe grave. But since knowing some ofthese remarkable men, youthful and wise, Ihave decided that when doctors are menand scientists as well as practitioners, theirpath may lead to life for the ili and to morelife for those who need no physician. Iprize so much their f ertilizing presence here,Mr. President, that, fully recognizing thedanger of your remembering these rashwords in some pinch of the future, I amwilling to volunteer one-tenth of my munifi-cent salary to keep them here if it becomesnecessary, which pray God it won't. (Bythe way, cali it a "tithe," and I dare sayyou could collect a lot of tenths from thenumerous theologians hereabout.)IIThe work of our medicai colleagues inuniting theory with fruitful practice fur-nishes the rest of us a norm to prevent ourresearch from becoming mere r^-search andlosing itself in prideful dryrot. Some ofour work is of course just good fun; aliof it ought to be. Some of our work sanc-tions itself with unfolding beauty; ali ofit ought to do so. But useful work, evenbetter than unuseful work, can be good funand can unbody beauty or else the times areout of joint. By faith if not by sight theUniversity of Chicago will, I hope, continueto affimi the utility of both beauty andtruth.Nowhere perhaps more than on the sideof the campus from which I come and perhaps nowhere there more than in my owndiscipline has the difficulty of applying thenorm thus provided been greater — thedilemma of judging research by the crite-rion of utility without condescending topreaching as a result. It sometimes looksas though Auguste Comte was right in say-ing that ali cultures pass through the theo-logical and metaphysical stages on the wayto becoming scientific. But, even if thisbe true, the worst of our trip is over. Myown discipline, Philosophy, has learned thatextraordinarily important lesson that business men and business as an enterprise have to teach us theorists that mistakes are costlyand oftentimes so irremediable that theoriesfind their prime significance in squaringthemselves with the f acts ; and philosophy asPragmatism — the speculative brew thatlong before my day made the Chicago schoolfamous — has with proper refinements beengeneralized into a logie, into an ethics, intoa metaphysics, into religion.What is much more important upon thispoint, the social sciences are no longermerely hortatory or descriptive at the University of Chicago. They have never beenso in ambition; they are not now so infact. The Locai Community Research fos-tered now for five years at the Universitycan teli a story of research upon the cityitself as a laboratory that will reassureali of us and enhance our scientific reputa-tion abroad. That story will soon be toldofficially in a volume devoted exclusivelyto it; but I cannot resist the temptationto embarrass my colleagues who haveactually done the work by becoming herean advance trumpet for their as yet in-adequately heralded achievements.In guidance for regional planning, inwelfare and housing and crime surveys anddiagnoses, in family disorganization and re-organization, in prediction of populationtrends, in diagnosing and treating politicaiindifference, in measuring public opinion,in evaluating the morale of city employees,in criticizing municipal reporting, in cata-loguing the repositories of social data, andin becoming ourselves an intelligent andwell organized clearing house for neededknowledge on every phase of the city's lifeand growth — in these and many, manyother ways, we are becoming eyes to thecity that for lack of vision has sprawledgeographically and reeled spiritually. Whatwe have achieved in five years under adversecircumstances of novelty and meagre equip-ment cannot well but be promissory ofstili better results under bettering circumstances. Already the city is turning to usto match our resources dollar for dollarin studying social welfare, organized crime,and only now the police force. Moreover,this habit of turning to us for research300 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEguidance and execution already outreachesthe city of Chicago, as witness the co-operation with us of the Association of Community Chests and Councils in bringingorder out of chaos in the registration ofsocial statistics and the recent decision ofthe city managers association to build theirinstitute of research under our aegis. With-in the year there will be finished and dedi-cated to the use of our several social researchenterprises the first building perhaps in theworld completely equipped for social research, inhabited exclusively by researchworkers, and devoted entirely to a masteryand control of social processes as scientificdata.IliThus to regard the city itself as a processto be understood and controlied for thebenefit of ali its inhabitants rather thanprimarily as a producer of business menout of whom we can get money when theirresistance runs low, this seems to me ashift so supremely important as to deservememorialization. It marks the fine possi-bility of combining research and service uponan experimental, a scientific, and a non-hortatory piane. We have tended too muchto think of our relation with the city asa unilateral one, with the stream of benefitsflowing our way. It is true that we offerto men of wealth the readiest and surestimmortality that most of them can findwhen the candle of life flickers; but it ismore nobly true that we offer to them thedeepest and widest satisfaction while theflame of life burns high if with theirtreasures we can win their hearts also. Forwe are custodians here, my colleagues, ofthe light that literature is, of the joy that artis, of the vision that philosophy is, of thepower that science is. For a Universitycynically to accept money from disdainedand disdainful sources is for her to become,as it were, a "kept woman," a ròle thatthough it be an age of companionatemarriages I do not covet for my AlmaMater, even though she be thereby cush-ioned in Gothic grandeur. It is not, as weare wise to recognize, that there is anyquarrel between wisdom and wealth, be- tween the University and business; butrather that business represents but oneinterest, business men but one class — albeitbasic both — in a confederacy of not alto-gether harmonious interests. A Universitycannot of course be partial to any classFortunate for us there are many businessmen whose nature business does not exhaust.The Snake King of New Mexico, so oneof my colleagues tells me, testified beforethe Tariff Commission that he lost $500.00bonus by not delivering a consignment ofsnakes in February. The reason he gavewas that when he went to telegraph anacceptance of the order, he did not knowhow to speli "February." "But, surely youcould have asked someone." "What? meSnake King, ask somebody how to speli aword! Fd rather lose $500.00; so I tele-graphed that they would be delivered inMarch." Ladies and gentlemen, Fm gladthat we have so many business men among usjust like that!IVIt was to further the creation of suchbusiness men indeed that our founder wiselyin the letter accompanying his last gif t tous bequeathed the University to Chicagoand the west as an institution that, "beingthe property of the people, should be controlied, conducted, and supported by thepeople." When we are able to say thatas effectively as Mr. Rockefeller said itsincerely, we shall have found our institu-tional fortune in the heart of Chicago. Thegrowing success of our University College,the phenomenal interest in our Art InstituteLectures, the friendly terms we now havewith the newspapers of the city, the co-operation of our professional schools withcity interests, the evolution of our medicaiplans, the continuation of our fertile re-searches in naturai science, and the matura-tion of our social research program — theseali are promissory of a closer rapprochementwith the city of Chicago in which andthrough which we make our career.But the city of Chicago no more standsalone than do we stand isolated in the city.Chicago is not a city set on a hill ; but whatTHE SOCIAL ORIENTATION OF RESEARCH 301js better for industriai times, it is a cityset at the head of a large and fertile valleywith its own potential outlet to the sea.professor Goode's studies upon the Chicagoarea and his prognosis upon the basis ofhis data have attracted much attention.Seen in its 'potential setting, Chicago be-comes the metropolis of the Great MiddleWest and of the South. Half the area ofthe nation and nearly half its people areincluded in this valley, a sort of naturaiamphitheatre for the voice of the University of Chicago. The religious and provin-cial fear that renders the University suspectin this its naturai area is understandablebut curable. It is our large mission tocure it. Whether we welcome it or not,we are an apostle of learning. Science isnot just measurement and description; itis a way of life; literature is not just gramolar and dates; it is a way of seeing andfeeling. This rich W eltanschauung is afterali the largest part of what we give ourstudents, graduate as well as undergraduate.Without this, whatever else they get ischaff , is sophistication ; with this, whateverelse they miss, we count on them with goodreason to acquire a content in action andto reflect credit upon the University.What we do in this regard for our students is more and more demanded by theirparents for themselves. I read the othernight in one of Mr. John Dollard's un-written brochures that the heaviest educational fatalities come from the so-calleddegenerative dogmas whose onset is aboutfifty or afterwards, whose chief symptomis pain over new ideas, and whose indicatedresult unless arrested is cephalic atrophy.With so many interesting things happening,a man is likely to miss something highlyimportant by premature senility; he reallyought not to be done for in the brain untilhe is dead. Education ought to be nota preparation for life but the intelligentliving of life at every stage. If we couldplay the role of leader in this movement tomake it so, which is the revolutionarycounterpart and completion of universalsuffrage in politicai evolution, we wouldconstitute for ourselves an dementai sub- structure of good will that would make theUniversity of Chicago famous and our ownmorale irresistible.But is such a role compatible with ourprimary devotion to research ? I have threereasons for thinking that it is. The firstis that the social environment of everyinstitution, not excepting a research institu-tion, is both its opportunity and its fate.Fate wisely accepted becomes a vocationfor the ambitious. The only way we canprevent our urban and in general our dem-ocratic environment from mastering usis by our mastering it ; and the only way tomaster it is to win it to our way of life.The second reason is that social processes,human problems, are themselves just as validdata for scientific research as any other, al-beit more perplexing. If science cannoteventuate as social control, its power maynot improbably eventuate as social suicide»The third reason is that education is afterali not the transfer of materials from mindto mind; it is rather the creation of finerhuman hungers, the dissemination of waysof looking at things, the exemplification ofmethods of work. To deny that literallymillions of people in this city and in theMiddle West need the way of life which wecali scientific as well as the machine s andinventions we so gladly bequeath them, isfor us the great irreligion; to deny thatthey are capable of getting it and survivingand profiting from it, is the great academicsuper stition; and to profess indifference to-ward, or disclaim responsibility for, themattef is for us the great immorality.VBut it is admittedly one thing to feel thepulì of this large task, and another thingto be able to live up to our appreciation ofit. We have at last, however, the meansthat makes this added educational responsibility compatible with our abiding devotionto research. The radio is here, and we dohardly know it. I became air-minded thefirst year of broadcasting with a $4-95 set,but my real aerial conversion carne withthe broadcasting last autumn of my collegeethics course from the classroom. On my302 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEdesk in letters is a story that in educationalimport is nothing short of staggering. Iam now quite convinced that there is noreal reason why hundreds of colleges be-twéen here and Mexico should not disbandtheir ethics courses, dismiss their instructors,pay me half their salaries, save money themselves and do even a better part by theirstudents. I wish I might read you someof the letters that have brought me aroundto this modest conclusion — especially onefrom a woman in Minnesota, eighty yearsold, blind, written on her own typewriter,or one from a judge in Wisconsin sayingthat in his small town thirteen sets that heknew of were used to connect with theselectures, or one from an Indiana physicianwho said that in his rural community ofaverage or less than average education asufficient number of people listened in tomake ethics a subject of easy conversation.Young Mr. Scopes, of evolution trial fame,told me recently on a visit to the city thathis father had mixed my lectures with hisbreakfast in Kentucky. Does this consti-tute me a bootlegger of ideas across inter-dicted lines?I wonder if we ought not in ali serious-ness to shake ourselves into an appreciationof this new educational instrument.Through it our classrooms, without distrac-tion to us, can become tongues to proclaimto millions what otherwise were reservedfor very few — our way of life. Discussionseven better than lectures will do the work.A little grain of enlightenment mixed witha heavy syrup of kindness here, . a fewtouches of knowledge tinctured with justa pinch of humor there, and the crust ofsuperstition cracks. A quarter's lectureshumanely done are sufficient to lift the barson more minds than I could have believedpossible except from experience in the class-room and over the air. At a ridiculouslylow expense — thrice our modest chapelendowment, perhaps^ — and with maximumreturns in human emancipation, the wholeMiddle West becomes our Art Institute andevery day a Friday evening. We promoteourselves from the arduousness of earth tothe freedom of the sky, and put to work at last the Prince of the Power of the Airfor the children of obedience. We haveno serious competitor — less than ten per centof present broadcasting time is devoted toeducational material — and there is alreadva demand for the service. If someone toldus of a fortune for us far away, we shoulddoubtless prepare to appropriate it. Whynot let down our buckets where we are?May I suggest that the solution of our junior college problem lies not in moving southof the Midway, but like a true twentiethcentury pioneer in moving daily at the speedof light south of the "Smith and Wesson"line.VIBut I see that many of you think Idream. Yes; I have walked across ourmajestic campus in the solitude of earlymorning; yes, I have heard men tax ourUniversity with devotion to the service ofless than the human whole; yes, "lowlander"though I am, I have gone up yonder nobletower farther than it reaches, yea to the"summit" of imagination itself, and lookedNorth, South, East, and West. In a moment of nostalgia, my gaze lingered to theSouth. I saw a great people up and downthis historic valley waiting for a way oflife empowered by science, beautified byart, enlarged by philosophy, ennobled by asympathy that is happiness. Yes, I dreamed,unknowing and unashamed ; and I awakenedwith the thought of George Santayana ring-ing in my ears —I know but this of ali I would I knew,Ambition is a dream unless this dreamcomes true.For I beheld a University named aftera great city accepting responsibility to budgethat city toward the light ; I beheld it rede-voted to the vision with which it began asa great people's laboratory to discover newtruth and to exemplify it as a way of life;I beheld it under energetic and sympatheticleadership plunge upon that most radicaibelief that ali men are capable of scientificsatisfaction in whatever jobs they fili; Ibeheld it as a medium that took silver fromthe community and transmuted it intobrightest gold for the larger community; ITHE SOCIAL ORIENTATION OF RESEARCH 303beheld its reputation outrun the confìnes ofthe city until as from foreign lands intellec-tual tribute carne back from equals, so fromthe vast territory around carne up from aliclasses the homage of their hearts ; I beheld;'t so firmly planted in the affections of menthat it was accepted as what was commonand indispensable to ali interests howeverconflicting, assured thus of perpetuity whatever class conflagration might be brewedin the cauldron of change; I beheld it asthe sign that humanized knowledge insteadof superstition, was at last, at last to pre-vail, as the symbol that the heart and head ofhumanity could come to terms, as the means whereby fear could be supplanted by confi-dence and conflict by co-operation ; I beheldit, in short, as the radiant embodiment ofali that memory and imagination, that loveand hope, that faith and work could makeof the University of Chicago.The City White hath ned the earthBut where the azure waters He,A nobler city hath its birth,That City Grey that ne'er shall die ;For decades and for centuries,Its battlemented towers shall rise,Beneath the hope-fìlled western skies,'Tis our dear Alma Mater.T* t 1Hull Gate304 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEFrom Ida Noyes CloisterSome Financial Aspects of HigherEducationBy Nathan C. PlimptonComptroller of the UniversityWHEN Professor William B. Mun-ro used the October AtlanticMonthly to broadcast his interestin the economics of American colleges anduniversities, he touched upon a compara-tively recent phase of educational history.How to teach, what to teach, andwhen, have been argued in America, pri-vately and publicly, for decades. Thegames, the social diversions, the living quar-ters of our college students, have had booksand monographs offering rules of procedure.Not one of ali these inquiries has matchedProfessor Munro's sheaf of paragraphs inposing this centrai question — What confi-dence has society in the theory that highereducation is something to be controlied byself-governing boards of trustees handlingmen, money, and students as they see fit?Endowed institutions, influenced at ali timesby alumni and public opinion generally, aremost deeply interested in a fair judgmentof their practices and aims. They are eco-nomically and educationally our finestproofs of the whole-hearted philanthropythat we like to consider an American trait;by that very fact, however, these endowedinstitutions for higher education owe tosociety the most scrupulous accounting fortheir talents, be the number ten, five, orone. Not one may be buried in a napkinor lost.It would be woeful, indeed, were theseinstitutions careless or wastef ul in admin-ìstering their social trust, immeasurablyworse if they were to become unscrupulous.Less than any of these sins is implied byProfessor Munro, for his concern is withthe ways in which our colleges and universities seem to fall short of good businessPractice. Like the unprofitable servant ofthe parable, should a university make its°wn laws of business practice? Here is a proper question, but the first need is tofind what peculiar laws govern the university program in finance as contrasted tothose of modem business corporations.Administrative ofBcers of our endowed in-stitution will agree with Professor Munrothat the financing of endowed collegesduring the last ten years has been a difEcultmatter. While there has been a notable in-crease in their resources, greatly improvingtheir financial position, their scale of sal-aries is stili too low, and other needs pointto another decade in which the burdens ofadministrative officers will be undiminished.The growth of funds has naturally forcedreconsideration of administrative methodsand great improyement has been made.The General Education Board also hasmade a notable contribution to this im-provement, through a volume entitled "College and University Finance" by Mr.Trevor Arnett, now president of that board.Admittedly the conditions mentioned byProfessor Munro are susceptible of im-provement and efforts to that end are con-tinually being put forth. But bad as thesituation appears to be, is it deserving of histremendous salvos? Is the public to loseconfidence in the management of our universities or to feel that it is unprogressive ?Is there no other point of view that mighttend to relieve the apprehension of the public? Are the financial transactions of educational institutions necessarily similar tothose of commercial corporations? Onewho, for more than a quarter of a century,has served in the business administration ofone of our large endowed universities ishere attempting, in a discussion confined toa comparison of the goals of corporationsand universities ; the purpose to be served bytheir balance sheets; accounting for endow-ment investments; and provision of funds305306 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEfor buildings, to discover whether there isanother side to the picture of the conductof the business activities of our institutionsof higher learning.No one will deny the signal serviceperformed by Professor Ripley, to whichProfessor Munro refers, in exposing corporations which have not played fair withtheir stockholders to the unfair benefit ofthe insiders. One wonders, however, whothe insiders may be who have undertaken todeceive the public as to the financial condi-tion of educational institutions, and howany profit could accrue to such institutionsor the insiders as the result of such practice.It is clear that frankness and honesty areunquestionably desirable in the managementand in the statements of both corporationsand universities. It is equally clear thatthese two types of institutions are organizedto meet diverse needs of humanity, and thatthe accounting and reporting are for quitedifferent purposes. Since financial trans-actions are found in both commercial andeducational institutions, it might be thoughtthat the balance sheet of a representative ofeach should be prepared on the same basisand for identical purposes. But on accountof the marked divergence between the aimsof these two types of organization, it be-comes apparent that their balance sheetsshould be constructed on an entirely different theory and for different purposes.Let us compare these two types of organization. Certain fundamental differ-ences are apparent. Industriai corporationsare organized to secure the maximum resultin production at minimum cost to the endof making a profit for their stockholders.In this manner is brought about not only thedevelopment of a profitable business enter-prise, but also a general advance in stand-ards of living. These results, of course,are of benefit to society. One great purposeof universities is the training of studentstoward the development of a sane, independ-ent, and logicai method of thinking in orderthat they may have a fuller appreciation oflife and that their effectiveness may be in-creased. In doing this, and in expandingthe realms of human knowledge, universities are rendering an invaluable service to man-kind. It must be borne in mind that whilethe success of an industriai or financial cor-poration is measured by its growth in material things, the success of an educationalinstitution cannot be similarly determined.Universities are dealing directly with thedevelopment of fruitful lives, with ali thatthis involves in the way of aspirations, idealsand accomplishments, and at the same timethese institutions are endeavoring to trans-mit to posterity an ever-richer heritage ofspiritual power.Given a clear understanding with refer-ence to the purpose of a corporation or aneducational institution and a competentpersonnel devoted to the accomplishment oftheir respective objectives, there yet remainsthe important task of securing and safe-guarding the funds required to give effectto the plans and purposes of the respectiveorganizations. Up to this point there is adecided similarity between industry and education. Here, however, the resemblanceceases, for the purpose of the corporationis to preserve the capital sum and render itas profitable as possible for the personalbenefit of its owners, whereas the purposeof a university, so far as its finances areconcerned, is, or should be, to maintain inviolate the endowment funds entrusted toits care and to construct and equip the buildings for which funds may be provided, inorder that it may benefit society in thegreatest possible degree through researchand instruction.It may be said that financially an endoweduniversity represents a three-fold function:I. It receives endowment funds to besafeguarded, the income to be dis-bursed in accordance with termsspecified by donors. When the trustis carelessly administrated, it is possible to dissipate the funds and toinjure seriously the beneficiaries.2. It holds land, building, books, scientific apparatus, and furnishings, orfunds for providing them, ali to bemaintained and used in the conductof the activities of the institution.SOME FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION 3073. By means of these endowment fundsand physical assets, together with theincome received from students andother sources, it conducts an institution in which youth may be educated,and important research be carried on.In a properly designed system of accounting these activities should be clearly dif-ferentiated in order that the balance sheetmay set forth accuràtely a true financial pie-ture of the institution.The purpose of the balance sheet of theordinary commercial corporation is to pre-sent an accurate statement of the financialcondition of the organization : real estatebeing carried at cost; plant being properlydepreciated; current assets being properlyevaluated; funded debt; current liabilities;and capital stock, reserves and surplus. Thebalance sheet of an educational institutionshould be presented not for the purpose ofindicating what "the institution is worth,"but for the purpose of indicating the fundsfor which it is responsible.The usuai method of accounting for pur-chases of endowment investments is to enterthem on the books of account at cost. Whengifts of investments are received, they areentered at market price if it can be deter-mined. Failing in this, such gifts are entered at an appraised valuation. There maybe exceptions, however. If a donor desiresa gift to be entered at a nominai valuationthere is no reason why this may not be done.Stock dividends received are usually con-sidered as not increasing the amount of theinvestment, although the lapse of time mayclearly indicate that they added very largelyto the assets òf the institution. A portionof a block of stock may be sold resulting inprofit, leaving the remainder at a nominaiamount.Generally speaking, the ofHcers responsible for the financial operation of a collegeor university think of the term "endowment" as descriptive of that group of assetsproducing income to meet the expenditures.By the uninitiated, "endowment" is usuallyconsidered in terms of amount of principalas diflerentiated from amount of income.The president and ofHcers, however, are in- terested in the income from endowmentmuch more than in its amount. For ex-ampie, before the war an endowment investment in the form of an office buildingproduced, say $25,000. The same propertynow, simply through the operation of economie laws, produces, say $50,000. Thereis no need of altering the valuation of the investment because the income, ignoring thevariation in purchasing power, is doubled.The important thing is that the institutionhas increased income enabling it to meetgreatly increased demands.Take another instance: When a corporation is organized, common stock is some-times given as a bonus to purchasers of pre-ferred stock, or is sold at a comparativelylow price. The spectacular success of manycorporations has had the effect of producingstupendous increases in valuation of suchstocks, and the amount distributed in dividends is very large. A block of this stockmay be given to a college with the sugges-tion to hold it. It is very comforting to theadministrative ofHcers that their institutionis fortunate in possessing such a desirable investment. The thought uppermost in theirminds, however, is not how much any par-ticular investment may be worth, but howmuch income may be expected from it forthe support of the institution's activities.For the reasons set forth it appearsreason-ably clear that nothing is gained by under-taking to list investments at their changingmarket valuations, since the amount of theincome determines the value of an investment so far as it aflects the basis of operation. For instance, a certain preferred stockhas paid no dividends for ten years, althoughit is now selling above par. From the pointof view of income, a holding of this stockhas been worthless for a decade. From thepoint of view of value, it appears that thereare people who are willing to pay more thanpar for this non-income-producing stock, butthere is scant comfort in this condition tothe professor who is entitled to an increasein salary. An alternative, of course, wouldbe to sell the stock, reinvest on an income-producing basis, and give the professor hiswell-earned increase. However, it is usu-308 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEally very difficult in such cases to determinewhat course is to the ultimate advantage ofthe institution. The real test of whetherour colleges are "playing poor" lies not inthe figure at which endowment investmentsare included in their reports, but in whetherthe full income from such investments isused in meeting the needs of these institutions. If the income is not so applied, thenobviously the criticism of "playing poor"is justified.What question, then, is the alumnus toask when solicited to relieve the growingpains of Alma Mater, or to provide adequatesalaries for the f aithful men who carry on inthe institution? Not whether the endowment assets are arbitrarily written down,but whether the full income is applied tothe operating expenses of the institution,and whether there are additional importantneeds to be satisfied in order that the institution may function adequately with ref erenceto its opportunities and responsibilities.What is the basis of approach of the institution to its alumni and f riends ? The approach naturally is from the point of viewof increased needs. There is no occasion tobelittle the institution's financial conditionnor to appear poor. On the contrary, afact for which there is ampie evidence, thebetter managed and the stronger the institution appears, the more likely it is to com-mand the respect of its alumni and friends.An institution is poor or wealthy with ref erence to its justifiable program. A universityhaving $2,500,000 of income from its endowment is really poor if its program re-quires an annual income of a greateramount. To put it another way, if the endowment is $50,000,000, the institution ispoor if it needs a greater sum in order toserve society in a manner proportionate to itsopportunities. With universities as well aswith individuals, wealth or poverty is arelative matter.Another point may be considered withreference to endowment funds. It some-times happens that donors place restrictionson the use of income from these funds whicheventually leaves an institution in the em-barrassing position of having income without being able to dispose of it advantageously.It is difficult, of course, for a donor to in-terpret accurately the needs of poster ity. Itis desirable, therefore, to have as large aportion of the endowment as possible des-ignated for the support of the general orcorporate purposes of the institution. IfProfessor Munro's article has the effect ofcausing prospective donors to allow greaterlatitude in the use of income, or if it shouldimpel living donors to liberalize the terms ofgifts already made, he will deserve and havethe thanks of the administrative ofHcers ofour educational institutions.Funds for endowment, buildings, land,equipment, current expenditures, workingcapital or reserves for our colleges and universities, whether secured through taxationor philanthropy, are derived from onesource, viz., society. It is necessary forthese institutions to convince legislatures andphilanthropists that the needs of educationand research require satisfying. When con-vinced, funds have been supplied and proba-bly will continue to be. It is not alwayseasy, however, to convince society of thenecessity for making provision for the needsof institutions. If society lacks confidencein their financial and administrative integ-rity, the task becomes increasingly difficult.Professor Munro points out that educational institutions should pian for a fundout of which to provide buildings, sincedonors of funds for a structure greatlyneeded may not come forward at the opportune moment. This pian, in order to besignificane implies the collection of funds tomeet the desired end. It is an admirablepian. The unlikelihood of its accomplish-ment seems to be the most serious drawback. The question arises: Is an effort toraise funds for indefinite buildings morelikely to be successful than an effort towardsecuring a specific building? Generally,colleges have been more successful in securing funds on the basis of the latter considera-tion. Why, then, is it necessary for acollege to attempt to establish a generalbuilding fund? There is one very obviousconvenience resulting from such action, towit: When the need arises, the institutionSOME FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION 309has the funds in hand and is in positionto proceed whenever desirable. There isone very good reason why such practice isundesirable. It tends to isolate the institution, preventing it from maintaining acooperative arrangement with societythrough which the way is open for largerassistance.A method of providing for replacement ofbuildings consists in setting up a deprecia-tion fund out of current income. This procedure would necessarily reduce the amountannually available for the operating ex-penses including the payment of salaries.To inaugurate such a pian would be at-tended with great difficulty. To render thispoint more clear, let us assume a universitywhose plant cost $20,000,000. A deprecia-tion fund of as little as one per cent wouldrequire setting aside from income $200,-000 a year, absorbing the income on $4,-000,000 of endowment. In other words,when consideration is being given to thebudget for the year in which this pian mightbe introduced, $200,000 must be deductedfrom the income, causing a similar diminu-tion in the estimate of expenditures. It isdifficult to see how this could be done with-out reducing salaries of members of the faculty or restricting current activities. Sucha pian would compel the faculty to providein reduced salaries, a portion at least ofthe amount required for the depreciationfund. It certainly would be difficult to convince college and university faculties of thedesirability of such an arrangement. Itseems clear that efforts looking toward theraising of funds for the replacement of obsolete buildings are preferable to reducingfaculty salaries which are already too low.It should be mentioned, however, thatthere is one notable exception to the pianof ignoring depreciation on buildings.Every large university needs a power plant.Use and obsolescence have a pronounced ef-fect on such a plant, more so than on anyother part of a university's physical equip-ment. There are, however, certain obviousobstacles to overcome in attempting to persuade a prospective donor to provide funds for a memorial power plant. Yet it isconceivable that some captain of industrymight see the realization of a dream in providing for a f unction on which the operationof ali the other buildings depends. It isclear that the university ought to arrangeto meet replacement or obsolescence of thisequipment by providing in its budget an annual amount to be invested and accumulatedagainst the day when rehabilitation becomesnecessary.Generally speaking, when an educationalinstitution attempts to reinforce its financialposition by means of the funds already in itspossession or out of income it is failing tomaintain its activities on as adequate a basisas is ih its power, and is thus handicappingitself. The reserves of a commercial corporation are set aside out of earnings. Theneeds of educational institutions precludesimilar procedure. But they are not with-out recourse. The practically inexhaustiblereserve for our colleges and universities, aswell as for ali other forms of altruisticendeavor, is society. This reserve has neverfailed. The lavish outpouring of funds forthe benefit of educational institutions duringthe last two decades is sufficient evidence ofsociety's interest, and justifies the expecta-tion of a continuation of its support, in pro-portion to its understanding of the problemsof higher education.American intensity shows itself in ourdeep interest in every part of our educational processes. It is right that, amongother parts, the financial phases should becommonly understood. There is great gainfor ali in such an understanding. In theoperating codes of higher education standsthe proved fact that educational finance isnot guided by the practice of competitivebusiness. In measures for safety and incontrol this field of finance has much incommon with ali others, but in its innerstructures, educational finance has its owntypical formations. These formations, however, are not to be considered as havingreached their ultimate state, but are subjectto improvement as are other man-madestructures.310 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 3iThe West Grandstand of Stagg Field312 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESojourn on a SummitBy Henry Justin Smith, '98Vi.IN DUE course, the Lowlander wasasked to see the head of the Universityabout a matter or two ; not at aliweighty.Having watched him at assemblies,gowned in black silk and wearing a mortar-board with a gold tassel, having hadglimpses of him driving off in a great hearseof an automobile which the university rentedfor him, the Lowlander was prepared to findthe President in a very ornamentai set ofoffices, pushing pearl buttons right andleft. But the single ante-room protectingthe Presidente private domain was of modest proportions, and the most conspicuousthing in it was a telephone switchboard.As for the inner and private chamber, itwas about as large as the living-room inan apartment of the better, but not thebest, class. Its best feature was its window-light, coming through small panes shadowedby vines. The soft greenish hues cast asoft and loving glow upon the bold f eaturesof The Founder and the First President,portrayed full length in oil.At a large roll-top desk, with his backto an enormous glistening table overspreadwith papers, sat the man who was carry-ing on the work of those heroes of theportraits, and looking quite unlike them.Among the papers on the table werebulky rolls of blue-prints; the designs fornew buildings. It was of these that thePresident desired to speak to the Lowlander.But it was himself that was the interestingthing — and his history.This was the same man who, almostthirty years before, had been visible, thoughnot conspicuous, about the quadrangles, andwho was known casually to the students as"some sort of Biblical expert." He wasvaguely discerned as a learned man in a subject which did not concern the majority.He was a shut-in; a shadow. If he choseto stand on the fringe of the crowd at afootball game, quietly watching the frenzy,he was quite unnoticeable. He did notboss anybody. Should he read the scripturesin chapel, that was ali that might be ex-pected of him.And now, behold! he had come to besupreme. It was this very recluse, thisgrey man of old, who had risen to be thesymbol of command. Any student eyecould identify him as chief. No one couldmaintain that he was any more robust orassertive than he had been before. He wasstili a fine-drawn type, whose very skin hadthe texture of a thing delicately made, whosebrow told of the indwelling scholar, thepoet. He was stili gentle. But about thisman there had now been thrown a specialatmosphere. He wore the invisible vest-ments of Final Authority.How had this happened ?Well, it was simply that, year by year, thelatent strength of the man, his ability topian and to do, had pushed its way throughthe complex meshes of his nature. Theexecutive qualities in him had surged up.His limits of endeavor had widened. Hehad stepped into the footprints of men notgifted with his stamina ; and with each stephis will, his talents and his faith had grown.Then, when the tallest throne of ali hadbecome vacant, someone had said, "Thereis the man," — and he was President.3-He was trying to do a dozen things atonce. His tension was terrific. The faceof this dreamer, this man nine-tenths bornfor the library, was wrenched with anxietyto keep big things in motion . . . . Itseemed a pity . . .When he spoke, it was in a quiet, lowvoice devoid of excitement. But he spokevery rapidly.313THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"I wish you would map out a programalong such-and-such lines," was about whathe said.He had taken the precaution to pencil,in his angular and not very legible hand,notes of the instructions. He expoundedthese notes. He referred to the blue-prints.Then, in a pause, he rose, and, with hishands in the pockets of his grey coat, hebegan to pace the few feet between desk andWindows. He threw unseeing glances outinto the broad boulevard, where the doubléline of motors slid along in the sunlight.The greenish incoming rays illumined hisworn face.The door was cautiously opened."Dean Grant to see you, Mr. President.""Yes, yes, in just a moment."The problem for the Lowlander was un-important, but it must be tackled just right.The Presidente brows were knit over it,and his mouth became rigid while he pre-scribed definitely, finally, about this littledetail of a huge program."You understand now?""Yes, sir."He resumed his chair, and his fingerscrept toward a button. Then he looked up,with a relaxation of his features and theofficiai gleam entirely gone from his eyes."You've found a good place to live?. . . Is everything ali right with you?"The shrewd blue eyes were kind, under thewhite thatch."Everything's ali right, yes, Mr. President.""Capital!" he murmured; and pressedthe button.4.The Lowlander saw him on countless oc-casions after that, against varying scenery,in ali the roles of his extensive repertory.He was observed doing everything exceptrest. Even before he had finished breakfast,his telephone began to ring. Sometimes hehad deans for breakfast.He speeded from this appointment to that,like a politicai candidate on the pénultimatéday. He was always just getting into thebig black car, or just getting out of it. At ten in the morning he would be finishinga heavy administrative conference in "theoffice ;" at eleven, he would be sitting at thehead of a campaign committee, DownThere, in some skyscraper suite ; at the noonhour, he would be back in the quadranglesappearing at a roundup of scholars fromother universities, a luncheon roundupwhere he would have to "say a few words."In the afternoon, perhaps a welcoming talkto a convention, then a wrestling-match withblue prints and experts, then an appearanceat a departmental tea, then a toilsome ses-sion of the Committee on Expenditures.Just before dinner, he might be closeted withthe bright young professor whom AtlanticUniversity was trying to steal from thefaculty — a question of salary. Dinner*guests; discussions; plans. In the evening;perhaps a meeting, perhaps a conference,perhaps a social visit, "to interest a personof importance in the plans of the university."After that, in the late hours, study of piled-up documents, or outlining of a forthcomingspeech.In the old, rambling brick house adjoin-ing the quadrangles, past which the motorlights winked so joyously, the Presidentelamp would bum until only a few of thosefireflies of the boulevard streaked by; untileven the last student celebrant was quieted.Yet it seemed that he got up every morning with zest for his formidable duties, andregretted the hours when sheer exhaustionmade him pause. At an age when many anold associate of his had retired to the peaceof a sea-beach or the shelter of palm-trees,this man had been appointed to dominatethe Summit. He had asked: "Do you propose to drift along easily as we are, or shallwe order full speed ahead?" And when thereply carne, "Full speed," he rubbed hishands, and said "Capital!" It was his ownchoice, his own challenge, which had shapedhis task in such proportions. To an accumu-lation of "needs" and "projects" that hadawaited the application of some such torchas he could light, he had added plans thathad taken form in his mind during the yearswhen he was in the back-ground. Themighty outlines of new buildings figured inSOJOURN ON A SUMMIT 315h;s dreams; the hope of mightier andmightier scientific researches; the conceptionof colleges reorganized and better admin-istered. Toward ali of these things hestruggile! through jungles of detail andcataracts of discussion. And, however oftenhe was checked, he continued "game."Now and then, heaving himself free fromdocuments, plans to be approved, and theendless importunate streams of callers, hewould blaze out with a burst of the purelyspiritual, a reflection of the religious faithwhich upheld him; he would thrill every-one with an inspiration, a generalizationthat joined everything together. With thisthere would be a blue flash from his eyes,and over his face would come the serenity ofone who has at last made himself under-stood.But the opportunities for these projec-tions of his inner nature were rare. Mostly,despite his staff and his advisers, officiai orunofficial, he labored like a man trying tobuild a pyramid unaided, with his barehands. And did he never play?The question arose one day during amotor ride downtown to one of the nu-merous conferences. The President satamong the cushions, with his hand on hisbrief-case, and it seemed that nothing coulddivert him from University affairs. On thisside a bevy of students dashed about in ahockey game ; on that, the tennis courts werethronged with white fìgures. Sport carsflashed past. The world was gay; the President was absorbed."You get no recreation at ali, Mr.President?"He ceased tapping his gloved fìngers or»the window-ledge."I read," he said.It was impertinent, perhaps, but the Lowlander pursued ;"Physical exercise — the open air, youknow — that was what I meant."With a half-smile, the President ex-plained :"I walk about the quadrangles.">•.***tF*»^fe¦ %«¦ ^51J ~3l | :t^:The Old Rambling Brick House Adjoining the Quadrangles3i6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEYou could catch him at it, steppingbriskly from building to building, or goingmore slowly in one of the courts, eyingeverything like a ship captain. Sometimeshe surprised a slothful janitor or two in ahallway with an admonition to keep thingsbetter swept; sometimes it developed thatwhile "exercising," he had mentally selectedthe site of a new building."Well, Mr. President" — and this couldbe said because acquaintance had ripened —"there are people who suggest that youshould think of your health."A pause."When the present effort lets up a little,I'il see," was the patient rejoinder. Andimmediately he began talking about the"effort," and about the hopes that he hadformed overnight. He was the kind of aman who may go to bed defeated a dozentimes, and start the new day with freshconfidence. This was why, whenever thefire of enthusiasm within the faculty, oramong others working to develop the University, burned low, he was able to rekindleit. This was why every mother'sson, in-cluding those "round tablers" at The Club,had become expectant.It is rather terrible to become responsiblefor a universal expectancy; and it puts playin the background."I must make some changes in my office,"he murmured, as the car rolled through astrip of park . . . That pool yonder, mir-roring the willows ; could it not charm him ?. . . He went on:"There are one or two of my staff whoare showing the strain. Can't afford toJiave them breaking down — "His thoughts interrupted his sentences."The next year," he remarked, on anothertack, "promises to be a very busy one. Weshall have a number of buildings underway, I hope. And we must round up thenew endowment before that time . . .We must get steam into the enterprisesomehow." Listening to this, and thinking of the"steam" within the quiet figure, the Lowlander 's curiosity was flicked anew. Hethought: "How did a man of ancient manu-scripts, a grammarian, a meticulous student,develop this quality of driving power?What made him an executive. How didhe change himself?"And one or two of these questions, im-pertinent or not, rose to the passenger's lips.Having got his mind around to the questions, the President with just a trace of im-patience, replied:"Why it's just the same thing, after ali. . . You just tackle each knot and untieit. A Greek verb, a puzzle of syntax, or aproblem of building construction, even abudget matter — it's just application thatovercomes them. You keep at each thing,ali night if you have to, and say to yourself,'I will master it.' "Perhaps the explanation bored him alittle; or he thought his own mental proc-esses too insignificant. He suggested:"You should talk to Professor X There's a man who illustrates, in everythinghe does, the extreme of patience ; or, cali itsuperhuman persistence."With a change o'f expression:"I like to believe that in our separateways we build, he and I, stone upon stone.We compare notes sometimes." And headded, making a very mild joke: "butX gets his hands dirty ; I don't even dothat."The car rolled on a few lengths, beforethe postscript:"And he writes books. I don't now."In a little while, with no more of thistalk, the skyscrapers loomed ahead, theclamor of Down There was ali about. TheLowlander was politely set down at hiscorner, and the President, carried into thethick lane of traffic, was borne away towardhis conference.CambridgeAn American Student Brings Back Some MemoriesBy HORACE WlLLISTONHEAVY October clouds hang over usas our sooty North-eastern trainroars its way over the wide andopen tracts of what was once the great fen.We pass Bishop Stortford. By the timewe've finished the latest number of G. K/sjfeekly, we are within sighting distanceof the old gray town. At some distancewe pass the Shelfords ("Great" and"Little") and Chaucer's Trumpington.With an uproar of brakes we grind intothe station of Cambridge.About two score of tali, thin young menin cheap, loose-fitting light gray or lighttan suits amble from the coaches to theluggage van to superintend the unloadingof their trunks. Porters bow and scrape before these young bloods, for these are Cambridge men.The young men crowd into taxis; andtheir trunks are piled on with them. Thereis no end to the number of trunks for whichan English taxi driver can find accommoda-tion. A four minutes' ride and we areamong the colleges.The clouds are stili low. Long andgray, they stretch off past Ely and up toPeterborough. Ali day they lie heavy onthe low blunt towers of Cambridge.This low heaven has not suggested spires tothe architect or color tó the painter. Thecolleges spread wide and fiat along thèampie borders of the Cam. Like wild vinesthey sprawl over the ground. A cold fogis settling down into the wide gray courtsof the colleges, bedewing trim plots of grassand wide walks of cobble-stone.Flying bicycle wheels sing over rainypavements. A don, who should know better,brakes too suddenly and goes down in theniud. An army of silent young men, bat-likein the gloom — black gowns streaming,Hack sleeves flapping — flies by on lightedMcycles. Ali are inured to the mist and therain. The market place is alive with pigeonsand traffic. Young men with gowns slungcarelessly over their arms paw over David'sstock of second-hand books. These young-sters know the editions they want; theywon't be taken in by Mr. David's solemnasservation that "That's very rare — very!""You're American too, aren't you?" oneof the young men inquires of another."Yes, from Yale.""I'm from Princeton, but live in California.""Can't you have tea with me in rooms atCorpus next Friday?"Out from hip-pockets fly date books. Soeasily do friendships spring up in Cambridge.« « wA fine, friendly folk, these Cantabrid-gians, both townsmen and gownsmen. Thelady next door has brought over a quart ofgooseberry wine of her own manufacture,and some juicy mince tarts, with a dozenexpressions of friendliness. In the eveningshe calls with her husband. He is obviouslyili at ease among strangers, but just as obviously eager to make us welcome. Onemorning I meet my advisor on King'sParade. He has an extra ticket for thenext performance at the A. D. C. Theatre.Won't I come? Also won't my wife and Ihave breakfast with him on Thursday. Heassures me we shall meet some really interesting people if we'll come. A neighborinvites us to a birthday party. A university lecturer hopes our young son mayshare his son's Christmas tree. A veryfriendly folk'.» « wThe Cambridge student as a host isfar more gracious than graceful. When heentertains, he either seems oblivious of thepresence of his guest, or embarrassed by it —especially at those criticai moments of ar-3173i8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINErivai and departure. He meets you at thedoor, springs back to a shaded corner of theroom, from which by means of a frantic,half-formed gesture and stammering speech,he indicates a chair that might suit you.Talk may thaw him out. But your proposai to depart congeals his blood on theinstant. Perceptibly he stiff ens and marcheslike a Coldstream Guard to his post in thedark corner, from which he tries (but onlytries) to say something suitable. Remember-ing you are an American, he may feel aduty to shake hands at your departure. Ifhe does, pity him and come more than halfway to meet that awkward hand — else youwill never shake it.The dons are socially gràcious, easy, andflexible chaps, most of them fairly youngmen who saw a deal of service in the war.The marks of battle are only too evident onthe faces of some and in the nervous sys-tems of others. The war is stili somewherein the background of ali their thinking.They are haunted, to an extent we can littlerealize, by the ghosts of men who ate anddrank and played with them as under-graduates, but whose names alone are nowto be seen in Cambridge — in the intermin-able list of dead chiseled in the pale stonewalls of each college.Withal, the dons are a jolly and sociablelot, shabby in dress, eccentric in manner,sympathetic, alive to contemporary life andthought, and interested, more deeply perhaps than American college professors, inthe young men under their instruction.www"No, you're quite wrong," expostulatesan obliging don to an inquiring Americantourist. "Although I suppose that to anAmerican the similarities between our twoold universities must swallow up ali theirdifferences, to us those differences seemstriking and important. The fact thatCambridge has far outdistanced Oxford inthe sciences is not, perhaps, an importantdistinction, but it points to one. Generallyspeaking, Oxford is the nourisher of greattraditions, the supporter of authority andthe old order. Cambridge has fostered aspirit of free inquiry, of intellectual inde- pendence, perhaps sometimes of intellectualrevolt. That college straight ahead downthe Cury is Christ's — Darwin's and Mil-ton's college. Now, I should say that Darwin and Milton seem much* more theCambridge than the Oxford sort."The Oxford boys are a somewhatcleverer set than ours — more sure of themselves, more worldly-wise, more accom-plished in the social graces and in what Ibelieve you Americans cali the gift of gab.Our boys, I think, are on the whole aquieter, soberer, I hope more thoughtful set,with just a touch of naiveté that has beenpretty well brushed off the Oxford under-graduates."You've heard of the American Club atOxford ? I think it rather suggestive of onedifference between the two schools thatwhereas that organization was necessary atOxford to give your countrymen some sociallife, here the Americans have felt no needfor such an organization."You will find, too, that we of Cambridge have a somewhat different feeling forour colleges and our university than dothe Oxonians. An Oxford man is quite asapt to say, Tm from Balliol' or Tm aLincoln man' as Tm from Oxford.' Butat Cambridge, the walls between the colleges are not so high. Our men (exceptingthose of the two large colleges) are Cambridge men and nothing more."In the academic garb of the Middle Ages,young men sit smoking Craven's Mixtureand listening to Edith Sitwell. In a roomyoung men and Girton and Newnham girlssit reading Gertrude Stein and T. S. Eliot."Say, young man, how can you standali this policing — ali these bullers and proc-tors and twenty-foot brick walls, ali thishere wearing of gowns and signing ofbooks?" and Brother Tourist (American)makes silent comparison of this stiff mon-astic regime of the Cantabridgians with theloose and easy discipline of his own Middle-western college. "Boy! If our profs hadever tried to put over any gates and wallsCAMBRIDGE 3i9and gowns on us . . . ." But althoughBrother Tourist finished the sentence, theyoung scholar from Emmanuel did not hear,for he was interested neither in the greatfreedoms of America's great schools nor inthe gates and bars that form so severe anentrance to the colleges of Cambridge."The greater freedom," he asked him-self — " which has it? Of course, sir, you'reright in a sense. 'Something there is thatdoesn't like a wall.' Yet Lovelace said atrue word about stone walls and iron barstoo. I wonder if they can cramp any freedom that's really worth the having.""I don't follow you there, boy, but say,honest to goodness, don't you fellows getawfully fed up with having to dine in hall,as you cali it, and having to be in everynight at so-so of the clock? Don't you everfeel you're missing a lot of the real stufi bybeing cooped up nights in your college?""Well, at times, I suppose we do. Butwe feel even more keenly how much ofinterest we're being cooped up with. Yousee, although the restrictions you've men-tioned may cut us off from a bit of thetown life, they give us something muchmore worth while in return — an intimatecommunity life such as, I'm told, is almost^unknown in the larger American Universities. If it weren't for that gate, althoughwe might stili have a vague sort of University life, our college life would go topor."w w wSometimes in his peregrinations throughCambridge our American tourist wonders atthe lack of office space, office equipment, andoffice force. Recalling the imposing officesand efficient, bustling officers of his ownprairie alma mater, with their clock-work clerks and their business-trained secretaries,their filing cabinets, their adding machines,and their novel business systems, he wondersat the lack of these in the older university.And when told that much of the work donein American colleges by the office help isdone here by the members of the teachingstaff itself, and that stili more of it simplyisn't done at ali, he doubtfully shakes hishead.When he learns that neither the university nor any of the colleges has a boardof regents, a president, or a dean, and thatthe colleges are virtually controlied by thefellows themselves, who elect their ownofficers, he dimly suspects some sinister Rus-sian influence has been at work, and wonderswhat will be the sad end of it ali."Good grief, but this library 's cold,"whines an American research student, ac-customed to reading by warm and hissingradiators. Fervently he blows upon hisnumb hands before attempting to turn another page. His toes paw the soles of hisshoes, just to prove they are not yet frozen.Half-past two, and darkness is already flood-the vast spaces of Cookerell's Building. TheAmerican student, flashlight in hand, gropesabout in the gallery after two more books.He'll have to read these at home, for bynow there is not enough light in the wholebuilding to illuminate a single page. Three-thirty, and a servitor marches through thealmost empty building ringing the dolefulclosing beli. The American student putshis frozen hand beneath his gown and drawsforth a box of quinine capsules. He willstave off this cold as long as possible. Hehates to give up the B. V. D. habit after alithese years, but tomorrow he simply mustbuy some woolens.qnp qrb <rb qnp qrp gr5 grSAlbert Harris TolmanA TributeBy Gerald Birney SmithIN my first acquaintance with ProfessorTolman I discovered that he was bornin the Berkshire Hills not far from myown old home. His memory of that NewEngland region was keen, and his interest init and in the occurrences of its later historynever ceased during his life. This NewEngland origin and ancestry are the necessary background for the understanding ofDr. Tolman's life and work. He alwayscarried with him something of that puritaninheritance which is so sure of itself and sovigorous in its convictions that it stands outwith a ruggedness and distinctiveness ali itsown.Dr. Tolman went to Williams Collegewhile Mark Hopkins was stili living andacting as college pastor and professor ofmoral philosophy. The atmosphere of thiscollege in those days must have stronglyreinforced his inherited idealism. The purpose of education was conceived to be thatof enabling a student to come to right convictions concerning the great issues of life.When once the truth had been discovered,the principles of stern morality bade onebe loyal to that truth at ali costs. Lifewas conceived to be a serious matter, and acollege education was expected to fit mento be the serious leaders of a serious-mindedsociety. Dr. Tolman carried into the workof research the uncompromising idealismwhich in a different realm had characterizedthe ideals of college education in New England. Nothing short of a complete masteryof the facts to be learned would satisfy him.In his teaching, Professor Tolman wasdesirous that his students should obtain fromthe course that fundamental and exactknowledge which is indispensable to reallearning. He therefore undertook to bringthem into first-hand contact with the ques-tions which must be raised and with thesources from which answers to the questionsmust be obtained. He was unusuallythoughtful in devices for enabling the stu dents thus to enter the ranks of real scholar-ship.In ali of his work there was something ofthe reserve which characterizes the puritancharacter. With ali his friendliness andgenerosity of spirit he did not find it easy tomake intimate friendships. Accustomed ashe was to reliance upon himself and upon hisown studies for his convictions, he appar-ently regarded men in an indfvidualisticfashion. He was untiring in his endeavor tohelp them find the materials out of whichthey must fashion their own convictions, buthe expected every student in self-reliantfashion to work out his own salvation. Thebooks which he published, entitled Questions on Shakespeare, illustrate this pedagog-ical method of his. One who uses this helpto an understanding of Shakespeare will findhimself led to an enormous amount of laborin discovering and relating a thousanddetails. When he has completed this studyhe will find himself in possession of a reallyextraordinary amount of reliable knowledgeenabling him to interpret the play withhistorical and dramatic correctness.I shall always think of Professor Tolmanas a high-minded descendant of the Puri-tans set down in the very un-puritaniccity of Chicago. His real home was in therealm of scholarship rather than in the busylife of an industriai city. The idealismwhich he brought from Williams Collegewas vigorous and firm to the very end. Butthe uncompromising righteousness demandedby his categorical imperative did not fit inwell with the devious ways of modem poli-tics and business. Professor Tolman wasconstantly giving utterance to high-mindedideals of public policy and public service,but he discovered that these ideals were notshared by everyone and that he must livein relation with people and social practicesrepresenting other standards. His unfail-ing kindly spirit prevented him from becoming bitter. This spirit of self-reliant320ALBERT HARRIS TOLMAN 321integrity prevented him from forming manyclose and intimate frendships. Most of usknew him as a man who was captain of hisown soul, whose integrity was unquestioned,who could be counted on the right side onquestions where moral principles were in-volved, and who was an intelligent andinterested participant in ali important University movements. But his inner self re-mained for the most part hidden from men.His passion for exactness made him easily¦impatient with carelessness or superfìciality. It is well in these days, when experi-mental and tentative philosophies of life areso current, to recognize the fine qualitiesin this self-reliant New England Puritan-ism. After ali, conscientiousness is essentialto good living. To have known ProfessorTolman's stalwart uprightness, his relent-less devotion to exactness, his unwaveringdevotion to what he believed to be religiouslyand morally right, and his kindly spirit ofhuman sympathy is to acknowledge the debtwhich the University owes to him.ffn ars Cb ìrE d"b C5 ]nrBackto theMidwayonJune 8The Classics Building and Divinity DormitoriesA Professional Library for TeachersEDUCATORS have their Moses, noless than Israel. Their deliverancefrom the wilderness got under way in theclosing days of the preceding century. Withone of those inspirations that is historic, aliterary outsider looked upon the educatorsof the nation with dÌ9appointmen;t, forhe perceived that they were lost. He sensedthe futility of mere theorizing as a methodof solving problems, and proposed something better. As Taylor had applied themethods of objective analysis to the problemsof industry, so Rice proposed to do in education. For a program of investigation thatwas purely argumentative and subjective,he proposed to substitute the method ofBaconian induction, and thus was bornthe modem scientific movement in the studyof educational problems.We are now thirty-five years removedfrom this proposai, on the road to deliverance. The outcomes of this movement areon record in the form of hundreds of objective studies, most of which are difficultof access to teachers. The task of keepingabreast of the times is therefore almost animpossible one for them. Even if theytap the archives of learning through thebrain cells of college professors, in an occasionai summer session, their knowledgeof the fruits of educational investigationmust stili be very incomplete. Happilytheir task is now made immensely easier bythe cooperative effort of some sixty well-selected educators under the effective editor-shìp of Professor Hillegas of ColumbiaUniversity. Teachers can now procure atwo-foot shelf of books1 that will bring to1 The Classroom Teacher. Milo B. Hillegas,Editor-in-chief. Chicago: The ClassroomTeacher, Inc., 1928. them, in admirable form, the results of the,best that has been thought and done on theproblems of their profession. Moreover,these books are fortunately not written forthe specialist or the expert, but for theeveryday practitioner in the classroom. Although the reasons for important practicesare discussed, and adequate documentationis provided'for those who desire to consultoriginai reports, this is not the most practicalfeature of this work for teachers. Forthem its greatest value probably resides inthe detailed, concrete descriptions of plans,procedures, and projects that are foundthroughout the twelve volumes. In short,modem principles are explained and illus-trated in such a way as to give the teachera splendid view of present teaching practiceat its best.The eight thousand pages of material areorganized in three sections: volumes i, 2, 3,4, and 5 cover the work of the pri-mary grades; volumes 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9,that of intermediate grades; and volumes 1,9, io, 11, and 12 instruction in the junior-high school. Topics of more general interestsuch as the curriculum, the project method,*and the classification of pupils are discussed in Volume 1. The index is in theform of an admiirably prep&red "IndexHandbook" containing 590 pages and about30,000 entries. Here are some more sta-tistics: 548 pages — objectives, lessons, testsand diagnostic charts — by Gray and Zirbeson the teaching of reading; 325 pages bySmith and Reeve on the teaching of mathe-matics; 100 pages by Hill side by side witha 100 by Rugg on the teaching of the socialstudies; 215 pages on language instructionby Pearson and Léonard ; not to mention inmore detail the excellent chapters by Cald-322BOOKS 3^3well and Downing on elementary science,Baker and Léonard on literature, Works onagriculture, Wood on'physical education,and many others. There are more than2,000 illustrations in one, two, three, andfour colors.The publisher and the editors of "TheClassroom Teacher" have performed anoutstanding service for American public education. In the opinion of the reviewer itwould be impossible for public-school teachers to obtain a professional library oftwelve volumes more valuable than these.The judicious selection of the problems,the systematic organization of the material,the soundness and practicality of the treatment, and the comprehensiveness of thework, make it an invaluable aid for a teacherambitious to broaden her outlook and refinethe artistry of her instruction.Frederick S. BreedModem Junior High School CompositionBy Two Chicago MastersMISS CLAUDIA CRUMPTON,A.M. '09, has prepared, with the aidof the veteran teacher of English, Dr. JamesFleming Hosic, Ph. M., '02, what appearsto the reviewer an outstanding series of lan-guage-composition books for the junior highschool grades.1 Of the many qualities inthe books which might be cited to supportsuch a sweeping statement, twelve may beenumerated.1. The texts are above ali else labora-tóry manuals, challenging pupils' in-genuity and placing a premium upon independent thinking.2. They multiply naturai and highlymotivated expressional situations tiedup intimately with pupils' daily ex-periences.3. Their teaching procedure is dis-tinctly inductive."4. Rhetorical theory, correct in principlethroughout, never extremely elabo-rated, is always embodied in pupilactivities.5. English is socialized, not by havingpupils give petty criticisms of eachother's work, but by joint participa-tion in productive enterprises.6. Definite standards of appraisal areeverywhere in evidence, the pupilsbeing led to apply them to their ownproductions.1 Junior High School English, Books I, II, III.By Claudia E. Crumpton. New York: AmericanHook Co., 1928. Pp. 330. 7. Drill materials are abundant and ap-propriately placed throughout theseries.8. The functional centers of expression,the activities used in daily life, arelargely substituted for academiccategories like the four forms of dis-course.9. Projects and experiments abound,calling for individuai and group in-itiative as well as for co-operation.io. Models are sensibly used, both as ex-amples to accompany preparation andas standards to guide appraisal.11. Functional grammar and elementaryrhetoric are properly subordinated toexpression, and at the same time aretreated sequentially.12. Carefully worked-out goals or ob-jectives for each year are properlyplaced, to enable pupils and teachersto estimate their progress from gradeto grade.As might confidently be expected fromthe two authors of this series, their booksare unquestionably of high merit, embodyingin distinctly workable form ali the progressive principles of teaching expression inthe mother-tongue.R. L. LymanCourtesy The English Journal3^4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEPuppets of LoveBrook Evans. By Susan Glaspell.New York: Frederick A. Stokes &f Co; $2.50.SURGING with many loves, ever-echoing one great love, shot throughwith light and shadow, Susan GlaspelFstriumphant Brook Evans unfolds threegenerations of life.Flame-crimson, beside a twilight summerbrook, glowed the first great love. HereNaomi and Joe breathed the miracle of lovetogether, love that promised perfection andmocked them with tragedy. Left dazed byJoe's sudden death, Naomi forced herselfto marry the pig-eyed Caleb Evans to giveher child a name. Far away from thelashes of the smug town he took her, faraway from her brook of memories. Andwhen her daughter was born she namedher Brook.Naomi dedicated her life to her love-child. Eagerly she cherished the toleranceshe received in return. And when, by ac-cident, Brook learned of her mother's past,she flung at her the scorn of misunderstand-ing, the quick condemnation of youth.Scorn that grew to leaden silences, searingher mother's heart. Then, fired by stemmartyrdom, Brook became a missionary,leaving her mother crucified by her decision.Long years passed and Brook, widowedafter sodden years with an invalid husband,found herself stili questing for life. Soughtafter by a Colonel who offered her themonotony of security and a Swedish mod-¦ernist eager for the purple-splotched life of;adventure, Brook chose the latter. For the•first time she understood her mother andscarne to a realization of that love that was'hers beside a starlit brook so long ago.Susan Glaspell has made the hearts 0fNaomi and Brook mirrors of reality. Thefearful realization of the young motherthe desperation of the older mother lovingand unloved, Brook's helpless longings tobridge the silence of years, her yearningfor a quickening life have been masterfullyachieved.While Naomi and Brook are .the greatcharacters of the book, the others are alidrawn with care. Caleb Evans, wizenedand narrow, the Colonel, formally tenderthe impetuous Eric Helge, even the Frenchwaiter and cabaret keeper are picked fromlife — the kind of everyday life that fictionwriters are so prone to f orget.Not only has Susan Glaspell mastered theemotional tone, but she has fearlesslyplunged into the mazes of human thought.Her analyses of thought chaotic, vaguesuggestive, bring a sense of reality to thecharacters of Brook Evans.The theme of the book has a universalsignificance. It is at once f earless andprofound. It is a theme that might easilyhave carried the author on to endless volumes, for as the story of Brook Evans wasmolded by Naomi's desire for life and love,so the story of Brook's son holds promiseof a continuance of that desire.Brook Evans is anovel, beautiful andcruel, of Tife pulsing with mighty lovesthat defy convention and law, making human beings merely puppets.Eloise TasherJf ali books cannot be handsome, masterpieces of literature at leastought to be read in fine specimens of the printer s art.Berthold Louis UllmanBOOKS 325A Tragic Story of Rare BeautyThe Pedro Gorino, by Sterling North &f Gaptain Harry Dean.Houghton, Mifflin & Co. $3.50HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & COMPANY announces the appearanceof The Pedro Gorino, the long awaitedbook by Captain Harry Dean and SterlingNorth, the latter a senior at the University,a former editor of The Forge, and one ofAmerica's promising young writers. Theappearance of The Pedro Gorino, which isthe life story of Captain Dean as writtenby himself and Mr. North, is significant.For, in addition to the inherent merit ofthe story, and that is much, the book is thefirst to be published by an undergraduateat the University. The names of GlenwayWescott, Elizabeth Madox Roberts, GeorgeDillon, Jessica North, who is Sterling's sis-ter, and the rest of the University's literaryfamous, have a new member added to theirgroup ; and Mr. North is making his dèbut,which you'll agree is a good one when youhave read the book, as an undergraduate.It's a hopeful thing to think on.As Mr. North says in his preface, he firstmet Captain Dean last March, heard thestory of his life from him, and was promptlyand completely won over by "this fascinat-ing gentleman with skin the color of Guineagold, who always carried a copy of Horacein his pocket." Captain Dean agreed toMr. North's proposai to write his life; thetwo of them collaborated on it, CaptainDean reminiscing, recalling, talking, Mr.North listening, arranging, writing. The result is the story of a life rich beyond belief,a life in which hard action, subtlety, acutephilosophy, and poetic vision play upon eachpage. And Mr. North has treated this lifewith fine sympathy.Captain Dean's life was dominated by hissincere desire to found an Empire for thenegro race in Africa. Ethiopia, he called it,and his attempts to gain his goal occupiedthe major part of his life. Back and forth,between the ports of Africa, Captain Deansailed his ship, the Pedro Gorino; up anddown and across Africa Captain Deanfought and matched wits with contestantsof every kind; through the Boer War,through intrigue and malice he pursued always this passion; and finally, his tremen-dous spirit ali but bròken, his hopes shat-tered by insurmountable forces, his shipcaptured, and accused by England of tryingto gain control of ali Africa, he left. Onlya profound philosophy could have savedCaptain Dean against ali this, and he hadthat philosophy. He stalks through thepages, a gigantic figure; the friend of JosephConrad, Cecil Rhodes, Milner and a host ofothers, he leaves Africa disillusioned, bitter,his Empire forever lost to him. This is atragic story, and a beautiful one. Its appeal is almost poetic in its intensity andsincerity. And, whatever else it is, it is thestory of a truly great man.Dexter Masters«Tp qrp arp <D> qrb <Tp <D>When men are iritent on doing their full duty by each other, each willin that reciprocity receive his rìghts, and ali will have justice,Charles W. Gilkey«iti my opinionBy Fred B. Millett,Assistant Professor of English.A FEW weeks ago, a cartoonist, in thatlearned journal, The New Yorker,represented an unhappy young man, askinghis analyst,"Don't you think, Doctor, in view ofmy marked improvement I might resumémy affection for my mother?"The analyst's answer is not recorded.There is, however, no question but that,if Miss Lily Bess Campbell (Ph.D. '21)had been the analyst, her answer would havebeen an unequivocal "No, never."For Miss Campbell's first novel, TheseAre My Jewels (Norton, 1929, $2), isa vigorous attack on the theory and practiceof mother-love. To that intense minoritythat believes that the American motheris one of the major menaces to civilization,this etching wrought in irony will bringunregenerate Joy. To the millions of do-mesticated beings unstirred by self-analysisand uncertain whether Freud is a newdisease or a new cigarette, the book mightbring discomfort and painful illumination.Unfortunately, ali the wrong people aremost likely to read our brilliant Ph.D.'s ad-venture in fiction.It was probably inevitable that the material brought to light by the analysis ofemotional relations within the family groupshould be seized on eagerly by fictionists,and exploited for as much as it was worth,and perhaps more. At any rate, in England, as early as 1913, D. H. Lawrence'sSons and Lovers offered modem readers thefirst elaborate study in English of a mother-fixation. But it has been in America, thehome of the Woman's Club and Mother'sDay, that writers of fiction have been mostconscientious in showing how much evila good mother can do. In the drama, we have had George Kelly's exposure of thedomesticated female in Craig 's Wife, andSidney Howard's tragicomedy of obsessivematernity, The Silver Cord. In the novel,there have been Louis Bromfìeld's A GoodTV oman and now These Are My Jewels.If the great American mother is not pres-ently aware of her shortcomings, she mustbe slow-witted, or else she already had abook.The material of Miss Campbell's bookis not, however, its chief interest. In pointof fact, both the subject matter and theattitudes are almost conventional, not tosay, stereotyped. Moreover, the mode ofrepresentatìon she has chosen does notallow her much of an opportunity to in-dividualize easily recognizable psychologicaltypes. It is, therefore, the technique of thispiece of fiction that must, for the experi-enced reader, constitute its major attraction.The novel is an impressive example ofaesthetic economy. It is written as thoughMiss Campbell had said to herself, "Iwill represent the essential history of afamily group with the utmost possibleeconomy of means." To this end, she hasthrown overboard most of the trappings ofordinary realism. Almost ali the dialogueis indirect. Most of the incidents are given,not dramatically, with dialogue, stage-di-rections, and marks of expression, butsummarily. In the whole book, there isonly one sentence which might be called adescriptive excrescence. For the rest, thenarrative has been shorn of every irrele-vancy, every incident, not pertinent to thetheme.Miss Campbell's novel is, then, a swiftand summary account of the devastationwrought by a well-intentioned but self-326IN MY OPINION 327centered woman. It is a group portrait,with motherhood enthroned. Such a novel-ist as Arnold Bennett would not have beenable to resist the temptation to give us, inten times as many words, not only Mrs.Masterson's story, but the equally signifi-cant history of her children, Jim and Harry,Violet and Maurine. There would be again in massiveness, in solidity, in three-dimensional space, but there would havebeen also a loss in focus, in unity, and inseverity.The effectiveness of the method used hereis increased immeasurably by the wit andmore particularly the irony which ourauthoress brings to bear upon her victims."Mrs. Masterson felt," we are told, "thatfrom Browning and his doctrine of apparentfailure as real success, she had received hergreatest inspiration, and the words, 'Notfailure but low aim is sin,' were her ownguiding faith." Besides, "her acquaintancewith the work of the new writers made herable to lead the conversation at her tablewhere she wanted it to go." As a con-sequence, "Mrs. Masterson's *friends oftentold her that her dinner table was a liberaleducation for any one." Nor does MissCampbell's scalpel waver when she aban-dons the figure of her most vulnerablevictim. Mr. Masterson always insistedthat red hair "was the greatest safeguardagainst uninvjted danger that any womancould have." Some dinner guests of thefamily, "the quite jolly Stones" were ofthe sort "to be relied on to make enoughpolite noise and to bubble and sizzle withenough just restrained laughter to make every one feel that he must have had a goodtime even though he could not quite re-member how."But both Miss Campbell and Mrs.Masterson are at their best in the final pas-sage of the book, the dedication of a stadiumto the memory of the sons Taylorsville hadlost in the Great War."A cold wind and a driving sleet whichglazed the cement seats to an appearanceof solid ice made the vast amphitheater acold and cheerless place of the dead. Onewho did not understand might have wishedthat the Greeks had had to watch theirgames just once in a zero atmosphere, or elsethat the pale-haired sons of the north hadinvented something of their own insteadof leaving the houses for their Olympicsopen to the bitter winds of a harsh heaven.But Taylorsville accepted its stadium with-out hint of irony; honored its dead withoutsuspicion. The Boy Scouts were there pro-tected by as many mufHers as mothers couldsecrete under regular uniforms. The BoyScouts distributed programs and acted asushers to the throngs of citizens who carnewith overcoats and rugs and reverence tothe ceremonies."And after the ceremony, in which she hadtaken quite the centrai part, "newly exaltedby the glory of motherhood, and feelingvery dose to God, Mrs. Masterson wenthome to her quiet house."It remains only to add that the end-papersof this novel reproduce that steel-engravingof the mother of the Gracchi which musthave served as an object-lesson for many anineteenth-century child.lt£ Ite ICE Du£ JmÈ ìhl lt£Mordi vulgarity often comes to us so alluringly through charmingmusic, delicate literary style, exquisite artistic technique, that weare in danger of becoming artistically and technically skilled insteadof being morally virile.Shailer Mathews®fje Untòetóttp of Chicago jfflagajineEditor and Business Manager, Charlton T. Beck '04Advertising Manager, Brockway D. Roberts '25EDITORIAL BOARD: Commerce and Administration Association — Rollin D. He-mens, '21; Divinity Association — C. T. Holman, D.B., '16; Doctors' Association — D. J.Fisher, '17, Ph.D., '22; Law Association — Charles F. McElroy, A.M., '06, J. D., '15 ;School of Education Association — Lillian Stevenson, '21 ; Rush Medicai Association Morris Fishbein, 'ii, M.D., '12; College — Roland F. Holloway, '20; Allen Heald,'26; Wm. V. Morganstern '20, J.D., '22; Faculty — Fred B. Millett, Department ofEnglish.Donald P. Bean, '17, Chairmanerej^rs & comms^ctAN ENDOWMENT fund of $400,000^~\to establish the "John P. WilsonMemorial Foundation" in the Law Schoolof the University of Chicago is announcedby acting-president Frederic Woodward.The income from this fund, the largestsingle gift ever made to the Law School, willbe devoted to the maintenance of a profes-sorship of law, the holder of the chair tobe known as "The John P. Wilson Professor of Law."The funds for the memorial were givenby John P. Wilson, member of the Chicagolaw firm of Wilson, Mcllvaine, Hale andTempleton, and Mrs. William R. Dickin-son, of Santa Barbara, California, the sonand daughter of the senior John P. Wilson,who died in 1922.The father practiced law continuouslyfrom 1867 until the time of his death andwas a distinguished member of the Chicagobar, member of the firm of Wilson, Mooreand Mcllvaine. He drafted the law creat-ing the Sanitary District, and conducted thelitigation which established the validity ofthe act. He was the general counsel of theWorld's Columbian Exposition, and pre-pared the amendment to the Illinois con-stitution and the legislation relating to theexposition.In their letter of transmission, the purpose of the Foundation is stated by thedonors as follows: "It is our thought in establishing this Foundation to provide theUniversity with a sufficient fund so thatthe income theref rom will at ali times dur-ing the full life of the Foundation be adequate to secure an eminent scholar,distinguished for his accomplishment in thefield of legai education, to occupy the chair."The terms of the gift are liberal in per-mitting discretion on the part of the Boardof Trustees in accumulating income to beadded to the principal or using surplusincome for such other purposes of the University, preferably in the field of law, asthe Trustees may determine."This is one of the most significant contri-butions the University has received in recent years," acting president Woodwardsaid in his announcement. "It is a worthymonument to a great Chicago lawyer andcitizen and the terms of the gift are suchas to make it extraordinarily useful. Legaieducation has not attracted the financialsupport which it deserves, and I hope thatthe intelligent generosi ty of Mr. Wilsonand Mrs. Dickinson will draw attention tothe vi tal importance pf high-grade lawschools as instruments for permanently in>proving the administration of justice. Afterali, it is to law-school graduates that thecommunity must look, in large measures, forleadership in the solution of the grave socialand politicai problems which are perplexingus today."328ALUMNI AFFAI R SBack to the Midway on June 8THE 1929 Reunion which culminateswith activities on Alumni Day, Sat-urday, June 8, will be headed by RoderickMacpherson, ex-' 16, with Arthur C.Cody, '24, acting as associate or assistant.The announcement of these appointmentshas been received with real enthusiasm bythe Alumni. "Rod" and "Art" have a wideacquaintance among Chicago alumni fromwhom they have organized an effective andsmooth functioning Reunion Committee.Both Chairman and Vice Chairman haveseen service on previous Reunion com-mittees, and it is their hope and endeavorto make the Reunion of 1929 the most interesting get-together that ever has beenstaged at the Midway. While many events, as usuai, will bescattered over the entire week previous tothe June Convocation, the whole programwill reach its climax on Alumni Day. AnyAlumnus who can spend but one day on thecampus should reserve Saturday, June 8.On that day, beginning with the AlumnaeBreakfast, which is scheduled for eleveno'clock, there will be a program of interesting events, continuing throughout theafternoon and evening, including the com-plimentary picnic supper that is being givento the alumni by the University, and endingwith the annual University Sing and dancing in the Reynolds Club.Full details of the program will appear inthe May issue of the Magazine.Roderick Macpherson329 Arthur C. Cody330 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHAROLD SWIFTOn February 28, at 6:30 p. m. our Clubmet at dinner at The Twentieth CenturyClub, 3 Joy Street. Prof. Kirtley F.Mather, President of the Club, presided.After supper ali joined in singing. Theneach one was requested to teli of his connection with the University, the year inwhich he graduated, and what he has donesince. This proved most entertaining.Letters from various members of theClub who could not be present, were read,and also names of persons recommended asspeakers by the executive committee.The president then introduced the speakerfor the evening, Mr. Harold Swift, President of the Board of Trustees of The University of Chicago.Mr. Swift compared the University^ VISITS BOSTONearly days with the present. He stated thatten of the thirty members of the board werealumni, each member also being a memberof some standing committee which meets atleast once a week.He talked at length on financial condi-tions, outlined the situation of the University in connection with the new president, told of changes in entrance require-ments, of the progress made in the buildingprogram, and made a stimulating surveywhich ended by answering any questionswe cared to ask.The Club is indebted to Mr. Swift fora most interesting and generous outline ofprocedure at the University, which we wereali eager to have.Priscilla SanbornMR. STAGG AT KANSAS CITYThe Kansas City Alumni of the University of Chicago enjoyed a dinner at theUniversity Club on March fifteenth.The occasion was to honor Mr. AlonzoStagg, athletic director of the university.For many years former students andfriends of the university in Kansas Cityhave anticipated with sincere longing avisit from the "grand old man," as he isaffectionately termed fraternally.The "old grads" turned out as neverbefore to pay homage to Mr. Stagg, and astrangely reminiscent atmosphere hungover ali.Mr. Stagg spoke in his usuai entertainingmanner, heightened by the appreciation ofpersonal contact with so many of his oldstudents and friends. He carried the crowdback to the paat, recalling old footballgames, making references to some exploited feat of long ago, by some "old grad" whowas present, until ali were gripped with theintensity of retrospection and each couldalmost feel as if he were again sitting onthe bleachers yelling for the University ofChicago.Surely the reception accorded CoachStagg was sufficient to induce him to returnbefore another forty years has elapsed.Another distinguished and beloved guestat the dinner was Dr. Neri, who is nowretired and makes his home in Kansas City.In addition to this very interesting socialfeature, the regular business was enacted.The officers for the coming year are: —for president, Frank Goodenow, for vice-president, Florence Bradley, and for Secre-tary and Treasurer, Louise Kem.Louise KemGRAND RAPIDS HEARS DEAN BOUCHEROn March 4 Dean Boucher was theguest of the Grand Rapids Alumni Club.To quote from the past president of theClub, "Dean Boucher's address was greatly enjoyed by every one. I know of no onewho has come to us from the Universityin recent years who has made a greaterhit with the crowd."alumni affairs 331As The Detroit News Tells The StoryAMOS ALONZO STAGG, who hasL coached University of Chicago football teams since the school was founded in1892, and who is now known as the "grandold man of foot ball," stood before a groupof 50 Detroit alumni of the university inthe Masonic Tempie Saturday night andregaled them with anecdotes of his yearsof coaching experience. The occasion wasthe annual banquet of the University ofChicago Alumni Association of Detroit.Despite his snow-white hair and sixty-sixyears, Stagg was genuinely "the life of theparty." It was he who started every college song, began each college yell and sawto it that the spirit of the assembly neverwaned.In his informai address, Stagg took hislisteners back to the earliest days of theuniversity when "the campus buildingscould be entered only by crossing a gang-plank and instructors were forced to kickaside piles of carpenters' dèbris before theycould enter classrooms in the morning."The speaker then recited a series of in-cidents drawn from some of Chicago's morefamous foot ball games, giving in detailthe story of Chicago's famous 9-0 victoryover Princeton in the first ,of the East-West intersectional games."We showed those easterners a new brandof foot ball," he related. "The easternfoot ball critics considered it an unpardon-able sin for a team not to punt when ithad the ball near its own goal line. Never-theless, we took the ball on our own four-yard line and carried it down the fieldseveral times, eventually scoring the onlytouchdown in the game."He then told of his experiences with individuai players, how his rigorous treatment of his "boys" brought out their finerqualities and taught them lessons whichwere of benefit to them in later life.Stagg closed with an appeal to his audience for the foundation of a scholarshipfund to care for Detroit boys who wishedto attend the Chicago university. The speaker was introduced by B. J.Rivett, president of the Detroit associationand principal of Northwestern HighSchool.THE Tri-City Club of Davenport, RockIsland, and Moline held its annual dinner meeting on Friday, March 22, at theHotel Fort Armstrong. Mr. David H.Stevens as guest of the club brought a fullaccount of activities at the University. Heemphasized particularly the part to be takenby ali alumni in the awards of the new two-year honor scholarships for 1929-30, aswell as their part in the further developmentof the entire University program. In addi-tion to many personal items concerningmembers of the faculties, he gave an outlineof important changes in the curriculum andsomething in regard to plans for AlumniDay on June 8. Dr. Henry C. First, agraduate in*the class of 1866, told of hisdays in the old University of Chicago, withmany words of praise for the faculty. Onlytwo members of the class of 1866 remain,according to Dr. First. Others who gavebrief talks or took part in the discussionwere Miss Bernice LeClair, Mr. Harry N.Getz, '04, Mr. George G. Perrin, '05, andMr. E. K. MacDonald, '14. The lastnamed was elected president of the club,and Miss Helen L. Marshall, ex-' 18,secretary.w « wMEETINGS of Alumni Clubs havebeen arranged at the following cities:March 22, Rock Island-Davenport, Professor David H. Stevens, speaker; March23, Detroit, Professor A. A. Stagg, speaker;March 25, Stillwater, Oklahoma, ProfessorBertram G. Nelson, speaker; March 27,Dallas, Professor T. V. Smith, speaker;Aprii 23, Washington, Professor David H.Stevens, speaker; Aprii 5, Omaha, actingpresident Woodward, speaker; Aprii 19,Minneapolis-St. Paul, acting presidentWoodward, speaker; Aprii 27, Dayton, acting president Woodward, speaker; May 3,Denver, Dean Gilkey, speaker.By William V. Morgenstern, '20, J.D., '22AFTER twelve years of eating cinders,l\ the Chicago track team has developedthis season into a formidable aggregationthat will be outstanding in specialty eventssuch as the important relay carnivals, eventhough it lacks the balance to win a conference championship. The last Maroonteam to win a Big Ten title was that of191 7, and except for an occasionai outstanding individuai, the team until thisseason has been of poor quality.The indoor record shows dual meetvictories over Purdue and Minnesota; sec-ond place to Wisconsin in the quadrangu-lar meet, with Ohio and Northwestern inthird and fourth; and fourth place in theconference, with 13 5/10 points. Wisconsin edged Chicago out of third with amargin of two points. AH of the Chicagopoints were scored by men who returnnext year, except for those of Frey, whotied for first in the high jump with fiveothers. Harold Haydon, a junior, in win-ning the high hurdles, clipped one-tenth ofa second off the record made by the greatCuhel. Norman Root finished third inthe dash; Dale Letts, a sophomore who isalready a great runner, pushed the famousOrval Martin of Purdue to a new milerecord, finishing three yards back; CharlesWeaver, with a distance of 44 feet, 2 3/4inches, took third in the shot. Capt. DickWilliams, a consistent point winner in the880, failed to qualify in a slow heat whenhe was pocketed in the sprint for the tape;the mile relay team lost a chance to winwhen Root, leadoff man, was knocked fora ten yard loss.In the Illinois Relays a week later theChicago showing surprised a lot of people,for the mile team won in 3:25 5/10, de- feating Iowa, which had won in the conference, as well as the fast Missouri team.The distance medley team then cut nearlyten full seconds off the record in winning.Root won the 300-yard run; Weaver,improving his distance in the shot, tookthird with 45 feet, 9 inches, good enoughto have won the conference. Off thebasketball floor only a week, Virgil Gist,National Collegiate 880 yards champion,did sensational work, for he ran twobrilliant races, a 440 and an 880, in thetwo relays. If ever there was a "naturai"athlete, Gist is one. Virgil Livingston, asenior, who has been at Crane College, rana quarter on the mile team that was caughtin 0:50. The other two members of themile team were Ed Schulz, a junior, andLetts, who tried the quarter for the firsttime. The distance medley team was com-posed of Gist, Schulz, Williams, and Letts.Illinois was the only other team to scoretwo relay victories.The present program for the team con-cerns the important relay carnivals includ-ing the University of Texas, SouthernMethodist University, Ohio State,Pennsylvania, and Drake meets, JoeWexman, who ran the mile at Minnesota,completed his year of residence this quarter,and will run Spring quarter. He is goingfaster than he ever did in college compe-tition before, having run under 4:20 lastJune in the National Collegiate mile forineligibles. Coach Ned Merriam canplace several fine relay combinations incompetition, including the mile, two mile,four mile, distance medley and sprint medley, but intends to specialize in the earliermeets at least on the mile and distancemedley. Root and Alien East, the latter332ATHLETICS 333a sophomore, will give the sprinting flashto shorter medley teams.For outdoor dual meets, the team willbe strengthened by Simpson, a 12 foot,6 inch vaulter. Frey has been handicappedlately by a bad ankle, but should get backinto form and do 6 feet, 2 inches or slightlybetter. Errett Van Nice is a 175 foot jave-lin thrower; Warren Klein, ineligible partof the indoor season, should be back tocompete in the shot, in which he has done45 feet, 7 inches, and in the discus. Rootwill be a good broad jumper for dual meets,and may be able to place in the conference.At the present time, not much can bepredicted about the baseball team. Onlyone letter man, Capt. Robert Kaplan, aleft-handed pitcher, returns, and CoachCrisler knows so little about his materialas yet that he did not schedule the usuaibrief training trip. The group which madea contender last year has graduated. Oneof the pitchers will be George Lott, thirdin the national tennis rankings, who re-turned to college last Autumn and piledup an impressive total of grade. points tooffset a deficit remaining from his firstventure in education. Lott was once thestrikeout wonder to the prep section.This same Lott also will play on thetennis team, a sufficient guaranty of asuccessful season. But even without him,the team would be a fine one, for WilliamBudd, a junior, who last year was conference singles runner-up, and Capt. William Calohan, a senior and Clifford Nelson, a junior, the runner-up for the doubleschampionship, are back, as is Scott Rex-inger, ineligible last year, who formerlywas Chicago junior champion.Back to the Merely for the purpose of putting thefacts into the record, it might be said thatthe basketball team won two games, bothfrom Minnesota, and then closed the seasonby losing a battle to the co-champions,Wisconsin, 19 to 15. Capt. Gist, eighth inthe conference scoring, was the one firstrate player on the team ; the f orwards wereerratic shots, and the guards were green.Lack of height was a great handicap, butthe freshman team promises to make thevarsity respectable next year. There isone young man, Surquist, who stands 6feet, .9 1/2 inches tali, but he is too youngand immature as yet to be hailed as another"Stretch" Murphy.The swimming team finished fifth in theconference championships. Cornelius Okerwas second in the 40; the medley team ofCapt. Robert Spence, Oker, and WendellStephenson, was third. One-tenth of asecond, representing a bad start, kept theteam out of the .finals of the 160 yardsrelay. Coach Dan Hoffer, with only oneveteran remaining of his championshipteam, won ali his dual gymnastic meets butone, and then finished second in the conference, by a slight margin that would havebeen overcome had not one of his men beencrippled. Capt. John Menzies went eastto the intercollegiates and returned withthe all-around championship, which he hadwon also in the conference. The wrestlerswon three out of five dual meets in theirsection, and in ali their college meets,scored 156 points to their opponente 148.William Dyer won second in the 135 poundindividuai events; C. Adler was fourth inthe 125 pound, and Max Sonderby finishedfourth in the heavyweight class.on June 8*NEWS OF THEQUADRANGLESBy Louis H. Engel, '30Managing Editor, The Daily Maroon\ND another quarter is begun, which isjljl equivalent to saying the more important thing that another vacation period haspassed.I suppose a survey of how students spendtheir vacations would prove highly illumi-nating. It seems that the general desireof ali parties concerned is to get as far fromthe madding crowds as possible. Anywayby noon of Friday, March 22nd, when thefinal examinations were completed, dormi-tories and fraternity houses were about asthickly populated as Death Valley, and onlythe infinitely weary instructor and wearierrecorder were left to appreciate the angularantics of the Cobb Hall clock, esteemed buterratic, gift of the class of 19 so-and-so.At least, with ref erence to the denudation offraternity houses, that's the way things werearound my eating club. Brother LucienDingleworth, pride of the Neenah, Wisconsin knitting mills, skipped the last eightquestions of his last final and caught the10:52 rattler bound north from the UnionStation. Brother Socrates von Doodeldam,blessed by a strong right thumb, felt theback-to-nature-urge and set out for theOzarks, that locality dear to the heart ofSam VanDine, editor of the Old Bird, whowent duck hunting there last Christmas,and by a stroke of rare luck, bagged one de-coy and one tame mallard. And BrotherAugustine Augurschlitz picked up a 19 12Ford for twenty bucks and invited BrothersPolk and Oak to kodak as they went withhim to surprise Mamma Augurschlitz out inPleasant Prairies, Kansas.. Your columnist also had a vacation. Hespent the major part of his sentence beatinghis feet in the Mississippi mud, but no far-ther south than the Tri-Cities, Davenport,Rock Island, and Moline. He had hisheart set on getting to Sioux City but when the floods wash away the few stones thatthey cali roads out where the tali corns growand when one has not the wherewithal toride the Corn King Limited, one must becontent with blind dates in Davenport.Anyway the vacation is now over.THE one hundred and fifty-fourth con-vocation is now a matter of history.Indeed, a very momentous matter of history.For the one hundred and fifty-fourth con-vocation was the first to be held in the newChapel. In addition it marked the intro-duction of a new type of diploma. Nolonger can one use the large Latin inscribedsheepskin for a table clotb, for it hasbeen reduced and anglicized so that it fitsneatly into what appears to be a cabinetphotograph. But the convocation itself wassufficiently majestic to make the nineteenthof March, the year of our Lord, one thou-sand, nine hundred, and twenty nine, a note-worthy day in University history. TheUniversity Marshal, duly impressed withthe grandeur of the occasion, conducted theservices with ali the pomp and ceremonyconceivable, and Head Marshal Whitneybore his gold baton with ali the self-conscious pride of an acolyte hearing thearchbishop's mitre. Frank J. Loesch, vet-eran crime fighter, delivered the convocation address on the subject of Mr. AlCapone and his henchmen.A sublime occasion.W « <?UNDERGRADUATES occasionalathink, faculty opinion notwithstanding.I mean that they as individuate occasionalaentertain serious considerations of seriousproblems. Of late the student body hasconcerned itself with two questions. Thefirst is that of the University policy regard-334NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLES 335ing fraternities. Despite the assurance onthe part of the acting administration thatit is heartily in favor of the undergraduateschools and that it will do ali within itspower to foster undergraduate life and ac-tivity, students regard with suspicion thedecision to erect enormous dormitory unitsacross the Midway, and whether or not theadministration deliberately intends to strikeat the fraternity system, the Greek societycannot help but suffer greatly from anysuch move as the administration has made.Summer QuarterAMONG the 160 members of the Summer Quarter Faculty at the Universityof Chicago who will come from other institutions are the following of full profes-sorial rank:Edward Cooke-Armstrong, professor ofthe French language, Princeton University; Cari S. Becker, professor of history,Cornell University; Lotus D. Coffman,president of the University of Minnesota;Arthur Byron Coble, professor of mathe-matics, University of Illinois; MarshallBlakemorei Evans, professor of German,Ohio State University; Raymond M.Hughes, president of Iowa State College;Leverett Samuel Lyon, professor of eco-nomics, Brookings Graduate School of Eco-nomics and Government, Washington,D.C.; and Walton Brooks McDaniel, professor of Latin, University of Pennsylvania.Other instructors for the Summer Faculty include Frank LeRond McVey, president of the University of Kentucky; JohnAdams Scott, head of the department ofclassics, Northwestern University ; WilliamBarnard Sharp, professor of bacteriologyand preventive medicine, University of Secondly, undergraduates are vitally in-terested in the selection of the new President. They are restless, inquiring con-stantly why the faculty-trustee boardcannot come to some decision. Mean whileali sorts of rumors are afloat. A new nameis heard every day — Acting-PresidentWoodward, former President Little ofMichigan, former Secretary of StateHughes, and even the former Presidenthimself, Calvin Coolidge.And so the merry round continues.Cp qnp drpFaculty MembersTexas; Selatie Edgar Stout, dean of thecolleges of arts and sciences, Indiana University ; and Henry Suzzalo, of the CarnegieFoundation for the Advancement of Teaching.The University of Chicago has announcedthe following foreign professore as membersof the Faculty for the coming SummerQuarter :P. W. Bryan, lecturer on geography,University College, Leicester, England;Karl Buhler, professor of psychology, University of Vienna; Baker Fairley, professorof German, University College, Universityof Toronto ; George Bagshawe Harrison,lecturer, King's College, University ofLondon (Frederic Ives Carpenter visitingprofessor of English) ; Werner Heisenberg,professor of theoretical physics, Universityof Leipzig; Theodore H. Robinson, professor of Old Testament, University College,Cardiff, Wales; Garnett Gladwin Sedge-wick, head of the department of English,University of British Columbia; CharlesEdward Spearman, professor of psychology,University of London; and George S trave,professor of astronomy, University ofBerlin.Movietone Address on MathematicsTHE Fox Film Corporation of NewYork has perfected a mechanism for re-producing the human voice simultaneouslywith the moving picture of the speaker bymeans of electrical vibrations which areregistered on the film as the picture is madeand which are transformed into soundwaves when the picture is projected on thescreen.The Fox Company is inviting a numberof representative people in various lines togive two minute addresses on their special-ties for the Movietone News. At the University of Chicago this invitation has beenextended to Professor A. A. Michelson inphysics and to Professor H. E. Slaught inmathematics.Dr. Slaught 's AddressI am asked to speak for two minutesabout the Human Significance of Mathematics.Most people, I take it, think of mathematics, aside from commercial arithmeticas a mere plaything of a few specialista —something quite devoid of any generalhuman interest.On the contrary it is easy to show thatmathematics underlies our present-daycivilization in much the same fundamentalway as sunshine forms the source of alilife and activity on the earth. We do notneed to know the constitution of the sun inorder to enjoy its light and heat. Likewisewe do not need to be mathematicians inorder to enjoy the benefits accruing to usfrom mathematical science.It was mathematics that unlocked themysteries of the heavens and dispelled theignorance and superstition which prevailedwhen men believed that the earth was fiatand that the sun and the stars revolvedaround it. By our knowledge of the heavens gained through mathematics we regulateour chronometers and guide our ships onthe high seas.It is mathematics that enables us tovisualize the contour of the earth's surface.Without this aid no accurate map or chartof a coast line or of a mountainous regioncould possibly be made.This is the age of elect ricity, but it isnot difficult to show that the present mar-velous development of this mysterious forceknown as electricity rests fundamentallyupon mathematics. This is also the ageof the gasoline engine but we shall findthat the automobile, the tractor, the air-piane, the zeppelin, and scores of other prod-ucts of the twentieth century made possibleby the gasoline engine have one and alibeen obliged to wait upon the engineer andthe draughtsman whose laboratories werebristling with mathematics.If we consider the whole range of thephysical sciences such as mechanics, engineering, ballistics, physics and much of chemistryand geology, also certain phases of thebiological sciences including important re-searches in physiology and biometry; likewise ali subjects involving statistical studyof any kind such as insurance, annuities,etc. — in fact every form of quantitative investigation whatsoever — we shall see thatthese one and ali rest fundamentally uponmathematics.Even certain phases of beauty have amathematical basis. For example, sym-metry, which is beauty of form; harmony,which is beauty of tone; rhythm, which isbeauty of motion, are ali terms havingmathematical content.We see, then, that mathematics has avery dose relationship to our every daylives and hence is of far-reaching humansignificance.336UNIVERSITY NOTES 337FRANK Joseph Loesch, Chicago lawyer,who has won a natiori-wide reputationas investigator and prosecutor of crime inits connection with politics in Chicago andCook County, was the orator at the University of Chicago's One Hundred Fifty-fourth Convocation, March 19. His sub-ject was "Shall the Law Triumph?"Acting President Frederic Woodwardpresided at the Convocation, and 366 de-grees and four-year certificates were con-ferred.In the various colleges and schools atotal of 141 Bachelor's degrees were con-ferred. For the Master 's degree therewere 59 candidates in the GraduateSchools of Arts, Literature, and Science;5 in Commerce and Administration; 5in Social Service Administration; and 1 inthe Divinity School, a total of 70.For the degree of Doctor of Philosophythere were 18 candidates in the GraduateSchools of Arts, Literature, and Science;2 in Commerce and Administration; and 2in the Divinity School, a total of 22.The Law School had 14 candidates forthe degree of Doctor of Law (J.D.) andTHE number of students who go to college continues to increase, though thegain this year is only 2 percent, as com-pared with a 25 percent increase for thelast five years. The enrollment of full-time students this year from 216 collegesand universities in the United States andCanada is 417,526. (Part-time, 233,425;grand total 650,951.) These and the following facts are taken from an article byDean Raymond Walters in School andSociety.The University of California, as lastyear, leads in the number of regular, full-time students (17,337), with ColumbiaUniversity second (13,691), the Universityof Illinois third (12,150), University ofMinnesota fourth (11,815), then Michigan 2 for the degree of Bachelor of Laws(LL.B.).In Rush Medicai College there were 46candidates for the M.D. degree and 71 forthe four-year certificate in medicine —a total of 117.DR. Russell M. Wilder of the MayoClinic at Rochester, Minn., has beenappointed professor and chairman of thedepartment of medicine at the University ofChicago, to succeed Dr. Franklin C. Mc-Lean, who on June 1 becomes director ofthe university clinics.Dr. Wilder graduated at the Universityof Chicago in 1907 and at Rush MedicaiCollege in 19 12. He served as chief medicaigas officer of the second American army inFrance arid was professor at the Universityof Minnesota under the Mayo Foundationafter the armistice.The university announced with Dr.Wilder's appointment the gift of $75,000by John D. Hertz to be applied to study-ing diseases of the pituitary gland. Dr.Wilder will direct this study.(10,954), New York University (10,711),Ohio State (10,293), and on down the line,the foregoing being in the five-figure class.The order of size changes when part-time as well as full-time students arecounted. This gives Columbia Universityfirst place (32,036) and California third(26,562). Second place in this classifica-tion goes to the College of the City of NewYork, which has 28,287 students ali told,but only 4,929 of them are doing regularfull-time work. Several of the smaller colleges and universities report no part-timeor other irregular students.Speaking again of Columbia University,it has a "super grand total" enrollment of42,742 when we count in the summer ses-sion students, the part-time students, andIDT 53? ]££ Sm£ <£& Sm&More and More Students338 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthose in home study and other extensioncourses. This total breaks ali records atColumbia and elsewhere.The largest liberal arts college is in theUniversity of California (9783). Wisconsin is second, Michigan third, then NewYork University, Minnesota, College ofthe City of New York, Illinois, Texas,Columbia, Harvard.Massachusetts Tech has the largest engineering enrollment (2868), with Purduesecond, Minnesota third, Illinois fourth,Ohio State fifth.The largest law school is in New YorkUniversity (1785). Harvard is second,then comes Fordham, Columbia, Michigan.Michigan has the largest medicai school(668). Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Harvard, and Chicago follow in the ordernamed.The five largest non-professional graduate schools in America are Columbia(2497), California, Chicago, Minnesota,Harvard.Ohio State has the largest agriculturalschool ( 793 ) , though the Minnesota enrollment is only two less.Boston University leads in registration ofstudents in commerce ard finance (3683),with Pennsylvania second, then Ohio State,Illinois, and New York University.Pennsylvania has the most dentai students (430). Then comes Northwestern,Michigan, Pittsburgh, Minnesota, California, Columbia.Teachers College of Columbia has(4681) more than twice the number ofstudents reported from its nearest rivai,California. Next in line are Ohio State,Indiana, Minnesota.Chicago has the largest divinity school(298); Yale and Harvard are the onlyother two reported. Syracuse has the largest forestry school (414). Missouri leadsin journalism (298), Northwestern inmusic (265), Columbia in pharmacy (681). The ten largest exclusively women's colleges are Hunter' (4918), then Smith, Wel-lesley, Florida State, Vassar, Mount Holy-oke, Goucher, Radcliffe, Randolph-Macon,Elmira. The largest enrollments of womenin co-educational universities are California(5692), Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois,Minnesota.Columbia has the largest summer school(14,007) ; then come California, Chicago,Minnesota, Wisconsin. Attendance in general was about the same as last year.The largest faculty reported is Colum-bia's (2075). Others in the four-figureclass are California (1387), New YorkUniversity (1383), Pennsylvania (1362),Harvard (1244), Illinois (n35). Thesmallest faculty listed is Westminster(Mo.) which has 17 members.Arranging the registrations by states,New York is far in the lead, with 66,203.Massachusetts is second (34*859) , thenOhio (32,429), Pennsylvania (28,476),Illinois (27,841), California (25,439),Minnesota, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, andWisconsin. These are the five-figuredstates.As compared with figures of a year ago,115 institutions report increases in totalregisti ations and 101 report decreases. Ininstitutions having a registration of morethan three thousand, 27 reported increasesand 18 reported decreases.At the University of Chicago in theautumn of 1927 there were enrolled in theColleges of Arts, Literature and Science1600 men and 1389 women. In the autumnof 1928 there were registered 1603 menand 1277 women, showing a decrease intotal college registrations of 109. Chicagoshows increases over last year in the numberof students in Law, non-professional graduate course and Divinity with decreasesin Medicine, Commerce and Education.Decreases exceed increases by ninety as compared with 1927.NEWS OFTHE CLASSESAND ASSOCIATIONSCollegeCandidates for the offices of the CollegeAlumni Association have been nominatedin accordance with the constitution of theAssociation. The election, as usuai, will bejust before the Reunion in June. Ballotswill be mailed to members with their Reunion notìces.The nominees are listed below, with a noteof information about each.For Vice PresidentTo Serve Two YearsHelen Norris, '07, Dean of Women inthe Department of Industriai Relations ofthe Commonwealth Edison Co., 72 W.Adams St., Chicago. In the Universityshe was a member of Sigma Club. She wasactively connected with the DevelopmentCampaign. She belongs to the Chicago College Club.Harold J. Gordon, '17, lives at 1242Madison Park, and is emplpyed with Hal-sey, Stuart & Co. He was a member ofDelta Kappa Epsilon and Owl and Serpentin the University.For the Executive CommitteeTo Serve Two Years; Two to be ElectedMrs. Gertrude Greenbaum Frank, '08, isa member of the Chicago Woman's Cluband lives at 1540 Lake Shore Drive.Benjamin H. Badenoch, 'io, is specialagent for Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co., 209 So. LaSalle St. He married Nena Wilson, '12, and lives at555 Edgewood Place, River Forest, 111.He belonged to Psi Upsilon, Blackfriars,and Score Club, was a University Marshaland a member of the Football and Swim-ming Teams.Roderick J. Macpherson, ex-' 16, is withA. B. Leach & Co., 39 So. LaSalle St.,Chicago. He married Margaret V. Mon-roe, '17, and lives at 437 North St. JohnsAve., Highland Park, 111. He is a memberof Psi Upsilon Fraternity.Kenneth A. Rouse, '28, lives at 6339So. Hermitage Avenue, and is a member ofSigma Nu Fraternity. He was a University Marshal, President of the SeniorClass, a "C" man, and Captain of the Football Team in his senior year.For Delegates to the CouncilTo Serve Three Years; Sìx to be ElectedElizabeth Faulkner, '85, is President ofthe Faulkner School for Girls, 4746Dorchester Avenue. She is a member ofthe Chicago College Club and Woman'sCity Club.Harry N. Gottlieb, 'oo, is Secretary ofStrauss Co., 310 So. Michigan Avenue. Hewas a member of Phi Beta Kappa, DeltaSigma Rho and Owl and Serpent. Hemarried Dorothy Kuh, '09, and lives at1137 Laurei Avenue, Hubbard Woods, IH.He received his LL.B degree in '03 fromColumbia University.339340 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHerbert P. Zimmermann, 'oi, is VicePresident of R. R. Donnelley & Sons Co.,731 Plymouth Court, and lives in Geneva,111. He is a member of Psi Upsilon andOwl and Serpent, and was Chairman ofthe Alumni Council from 1926-28. He is amember of the University, Chicago Golf,City and Caxton Clubs.Daniel P. Trude, ex-'o2, is Judge of theMunicipal Court of Chicago and lives at4950 Ellis Avenue. He belongs to DeltaKappa Epsilon, and received his LL.D.degree from Northwestern University. Heis a member of the South Shore CountryClub, Chicago Athletic Association, Mid-lothian Club, and the Chicago, Illinois, andU. S. Bar Association.Agness J. Kaufman, '03, is Registrar ofLewis Institute and lives at 4828 Washington Blvd. She is a member of the ChicagoCollege Club and D. A. R.Jessie Heckman Hirschl, 'io, was amember of Quadranglers and lives at 5620Kimbark Avenue. She married MarcusHirschl, '09, J.D., 'io. She belongs tothe Woman's City Club.Paul H. Davis, 'n, is head of Paul H.Davis & Co., investment bankers, 37 So.LaSalle St. He married Dorothy Milford,A.M., '13, and lives at 5549 WoodlawnAvenue. He belonged to Delta Upsilon,Owl and Serpent, Dramatic Club, andBlackf riars while in the University. He is member of the Quadrarigle Club andFencers Club of New York City.Milton E. Robinson, Jr., '11, J.D., '14,is with the Robinson Coal Co., 740 E.4ist St. He married Wilhelmina Priddy,'13, and lives at 1638 W. io7th St. Hebelonged to Sigma Chi and Blackfriarswhile . in the University.Marguerite Hewitt McDaniel, '17, ismanaging Director of The Chicago Collegiate Bureau of Occupations with offices inthe Mallers Bldg., and lives at 244 CumnorRòad, Kenilworth, 111. She was a memberof Phi Beta Delta, and Woman's AthleticAssociation. while in the University. Shebelongs to the Chicago College Club.Charlotte Montgomery Grey, '23, married Lennox B. Grey, '23. She is Instructorin English at the University of Chicago,and lives at 11 56 E. 5Óth St. She wasa member of Sigma Club, Nu Pi Sigma,and W. A. A.Fred E. Law, J25, is with the Cody TrustCo., 105 So. LaSalle St., and lives at 5529Blackstone Avenue. He was a member ofPhi Gamma Delta and Owl and Serpent.He was a football man and elected to theOrder of the "C." He belongs to theQuadrangle Club.John P. Howe, '27, lives at 7124 Ingle-side Avenue. He was a member of DeltaChi, and Owl and Serpent, and is atpresent assistant to the Director of PublicRelations of the University.College Alumni Notes'00 — Clark Scammon Reed has just beenre-elected treasurer of the Chicago Law Institute, and member of the executive committee.Ex '08 — Rudolph Zedler is head of hisown audit service system located 501 FirstWisconsin National Bank Building, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.>Qg — Lee J. Levinger of Columbus, Ohio,is the new national chaplain of the Amer ican Legion. He was elected at the executive committee meeting held in Holdredge,Nebraska, January I5th 1929.>IO— Lillian Gubelman, A.M. '23, i*head of the department of foreign languagesin the State Teachers College, Valley City,North Dakota.>I2 — Matilda Fenberg, who has practisedlaw in Chicago for seven years, has just beenappointed a special assistant corporationTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 341Generating Brain Power for 1950THE chief operating requirement of theGeneral Electric Company, and of theelectrical industry in general, is not horse-power, but brain power.This requirement must be continuouslyanticipated. The leaders of the future mustnot only be bora, but made. Accordingly,the General Electric Company maintains atSchenectady and elsewhere a post-graduatecollege of electrical science which hasachieved a unique position in the engineering world.The faculty includes inventors and engineersof international distinction and authority.The students — more than 400 of them areenrolled every year — are the picked grad-uates of the best-known American andforeign technical schools and universities.The graduates provide not only this company but the electrical industry in generalwith many of its most valuable leaders.GENERAL ELECTRICBach of this monogram arethe accumulated experienceand skill of the world's largest organization engaged inthe manufacture of electricalmaterials and appliances.Always and everywhere it isa safe guide to electricalquality and dependability.95-619C342 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcounsel. She has a reputation as a criminallawyer although she has handled other casesas well. Miss Fenberg is a graduate of theYale University Law School.'n — Jean Krueger is dean of home eco-nomics in Michigan State College, EastLansing, Michigan.'13 — Mrs. Martha Green Sawyer is assistant to the Dean and Recorder for theSchool of Business Administration, University of Michigan.'14 — Rachel Mulliner is deari of the For-est Avenue High School, Dallas, Texas.'14 — C. R. Sammis is western advertisingmanager for Good Housekeeping Magazine,326 West Madison Street, Chicago.Ex '14 — L. A. Harker has a successfuldentai practise in Minneapolis, Minnesotawith offices in the Yates Building.'15 — Mrs. Ralph Dobbins (Lydia Quin-lan) 17 io South Fifth Street, Springfield,Illinois, is president of the American Association of University Women in Springfield for the current year.'17 — Margaret A. Stewart is home eco-nomics director in the Hydro-ElectricSystem, 225 Young Street, Toronto,Canada.'17 — Josephine Starr has recentiy takencharge of the Riverside Drive office of theCharity Society Organization in New Yorkcity. The purpose of the organization is tosolve the problems of those families who arein financial trouble by giving them f ree con-sultation on their financial affairs. This isan entirely new field of charity and as yetis only an experiment.'18— Helene Sliffe is assistant elementarysupervisor, State Department of Education,Baton Rouge, Louisiana.'20 — Antti Lepisto has been appointedpresident of Suomi College, Hancock,Michigan.'20 — Paul Birmingham, 7908 East EndAvenue, Chicago, is a salesman for Mc-Graw-Hill Publishing Company advertising.'20 — Paula M. Kittel, who is with theState Teachers College, Valley City, NorthDakota, has taught the last two summersat Leland Stanford University. She now has a years leave of absence and is teachingGerman at the University of Wisconsin.'21 — H. Council Trenholm, A.M. '25, ispresident of the State Normal School atMontgomery, Alabama.'21 — Sybil Clark, 1958 Magnolia Avenue, Los Angeles, California, is comp-troller for the National Automobile Insurance Company of Los Angeles.'21 — Marion E. Herriott, who receivedhis Doctor of Philosophy degree at the University of Illinois in February, has accepteda position as assistant director of the Division of Psychology and Educational Research of the Los Angeles City Schools.'23 — Mrs. Ucal Stevens Lewis, A.M.'25, is dean of women and head of the English department, Jamestown College,Jamestown, North Dakota.'22 — Sophy D. Parker, A.M., is professor of French and Spanish, McKendreeCollege, Lebanon, Illinois.'22 — Mrs. C. Haden Streamers (LenaG. Leitzel) writes they have recentiy pur-chased a drug store in Collingswood, NewJersey, corner of Haddon and Knight Av-enues, which is known as Streamers' DrugStore. Ali alumni are welcome.'22 — R. Eugene King is treasurer of theKing Powder Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.'22— Mrs. Tremayne Hayden (ElsieWolcott) A.M., is now vocational advisorwith the Chicago Board of Education, assigned to Wescott and Curtis Junior HighSchool.'23— Marie A. Prucha is teaching Bot-any at Crane Technical High School,Chicago.'24— Willis Zorn, 161 1 Emery Street,Eau Clairef Wisconsin, is athletic directorof Eau Claire State Teachers College.'24— Thaddeus H. Baker, S.M. '25,.7212 Ridgeland Avenue, Chicago, is withthe Universal Oil Products Company,Riverside, Illinois, and is working on theelimination of sulphur from gasoline.'24— Whitfield.W. Wilcox of Havilock,Iowa, is managing his father's four-hun-dred acre stock and grain farm.'24 — Gladys Johnson, 829 South SecondStreet, Springfield, Illinois, is secretary.ofTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 343Puget Sound Power & Light Comr^nyVirginia Electric and Power Company \ ^under the executive management ofStone 8C Webster, Inc., have beenawarded both gold medals, Charles A.Coffin Foundation for distinguishedservice in Utilities operation. Theformer Company won the light andpower medal. The latter Companywon the electric transportation medal.STONE & WEBSTERINCORPORATED344 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe Springfield branch of the American Association of University Women.'25 — Mildred M. Bateson is teaching history of art at Mount Holyoke College,South Hadley, Massachusetts.'25 — Max H. Braun is law clerk withBraun, Anderson, and Norly, ChicagoMotor Club Building, 66 E. South WaterStreet, Chicago, Illinois.'25 — Paul R. Griffith is branch managerof the Majestic Company, Kansas City,Missouri.'25 — Josephine P. Strawn, 7153 University Avenue, is teaching general scienceat Tilden Technical High School, Chicago.'26 — Alien Heald is with the Universityof Chicago Press, engaged in promotion ofthe University of Chicago learned journals,and continuing his work in the Law School.'26 — Edith Heal, who has just returnedfrom four months of travel in Europe ex-pects to devote ali her time to writing.Two children's books of hers were recentiypublished by Rand, McNally Companycalled "Robin Hood" and "The TopazSeal." Miss Heal is living at 5514 Black-stone Avenue, Chicago.'26 — Clair C. Olson, A.M., is teachingEnglish in the Eastman School of Music'82 — Edward Puchner has retired frompractice and is now a florist in St. Maries,Idaho.'86 — Joel C. Brown is practicing generalmedicine at Lewistown, Missouri.'89 — James W. Milligan is medicaisuperintendent of the Madison State Hospital, Madison, Indiana.'96 — Elmer L. Kenyon is president ofThe American Society for the Study of Dis-orders of Speech. His office is 104 So.Michigan Avenue, Chicago.'97 — H. G. W. Reinhardt resumed hiswork as Coronerà Physician in CookCounty after a year's sojourn in the south. of the University of Rochester, Rochester,New York.Ex — '27, John A. Posus is associated withthe Oak Park Sales and Service, 243 Madison Street, Oak Park, Illinois as sales manager, handling Stearns-Knight and Stutzcars.'27 — Paul McConnell is pastor of UnitedPresbyterian Churches at Frankfort Springsand King Creek, Pennsylvania.'27 — Vernen L. Beggs, who has beensìupervising principal of the LongfellowSchool in Oak Park, has assumed the dutiesof superintendent of schools of Elmhurst,Illinois.'27 — R. Frances Moore of Gatlinburg,Tennessee is Public Health Nurse employedby the Pi Beta Phi Settlement School.'27 — Horace M. Bond is now assistant inresearch in the sociology department at FiskUniversity, Nashville, Tennessee.'28 — Inez E. Keepers, 71 16 Merrill Avenue, is teaching art and English in theCalumet High School, Chicago.'28 — Elizabeth Jean Callaghan, 6520Greenwood Avenue, Chicago, is instructorof modem history in Mercy High School,Chicago.Ex — '29 — Stella Mucha of Evanston, Illinois, is now school nurse in Evanston.l '00 — Junius H. McHenry is surgeon for, the Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation, New York City. His address is 45[ Park Avenue.'01 — John Petrovitsky spent four monthsL abroad last summer visiting the chief medicai clinics of Europe. His home is. in CedarRapids, Iowa.f '04 — Grace E. Papot, 310 Comeau- Building, West Palm Beach, Florida, whois engaged in the general practice of medicine, is specializing in physiotherapy. Shes attended the winter Alumni meeting ate Orlando, and reports that the next onet. will probably be held at West Palm Beach.RushTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 345Suddenly, out of a spring sky . . .An Advertisement of theAmerican Telephone and Telegraph CompanyAll was well on the telephone fronton Aprii 27, 1928. Suddenly, out of aspring sky, rain began to fall overcentrai Pennsylvania. As night carne on thisturned into a furious storm of sleet, snowand wind. Inside of 48 hours, 3700 telephonepoles were down. Seven thousand miles ofwire tangled wreckage. Thirty-nine exchangesisolated. Eleven thousand telephones silent.Repair crews were instantly mobilized andsent to the scene. From Philadelphia 47 crewscarne. Other parts of Pennsylvania sent 13.New Jersey, 6. New York, 4. Ohio, 6. Maryland and West Virginia, 12. In record time,1000 men were stringing insulated wire andtemprrary cables along the highways,1 onfences and on the ground.Within 72 hours the isolated exchanges |8) were connected and the 1 1 ,000 telephones back in service. Then, whilethe temporary construction carriedon, neighboring Bell System warehousespoured out all needed equipment, new poleswere set, new crossarms placed and new wireand cable run.In any crisis there are no state lines in theBell System. In all emergencies of flood orstorm, as well as in the daily tasks of extend-ing and maintaining the nation-wide network, is seen the wisdom of One Policy, OneSystem, Universal Service.Better and better telephone service at thelowest cost is the goal of the Bell System.Present improvements constanti}- going intoefFect are but the foundation for the greaterservice of the future."The Telephone Books are the Directory or the Nation"34« THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE40th Anniversary DinnerReunion of the Rush Class of '89ON February igth the class of '89 ofRush Medicai College celebrated the40th anniversary of its graduation. Ofthe originai 139 members of the class,sixty-five are living, and of these twentywere present at the anniversary dinner.The class has held reunions every five yearssince the tenth anniversary of its graduation. The members at the dinner were:Chas. E. Albright, Milwaukee, Wis.A. W. Baer, Gary, IndianaCari M. Beebe, Sparta, Wis.Felix S. J. Bessette, Chicago, 111.John F. Boyd, Paducah, Ky. Thos. J. Case, Delmont, S. D.E. B. Coolley, Danville, 111.C. C. Cottle, Los Angeles, Calif.Garrett Fitzgibbon, Chicago, 111.S. Greenspahn, Chicago, 111.Jas. W. Milligan, North Madison, IneJohn R. Minahan, Green Bay, Wis.Henry A. Norden, Sturgeon Bay, Wis.Wm. E. Owen, Cedar Rapids, IowaE. Perry Rice, Chicago, 111.H. A. Robinson, Kenosha, Wis.Wm. P. Sherman, Aurora, 111.Harvey A. Tyler, Chicago, 111.Geo. H. Weaver, Chicago, 111.Oscar G. Wernicke, Chicago, 111.did someone remark that one-half of man's badili Uh can be traced to the banquet boardtTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 347Wio Else Wants DailyConsultatimi with the Leaders ofEducation?OING back to college for the summer term to keep abreast withmodem educational methods is a highly commendable practice. Farmore important, however, is the need for complete professional guid-ance in the classroom right now and from now onwhenever you as a teacher or school man need it.That is precisely what The Classroom Teacheris. It brings the teachers' colleges to you. It bringsthe experience and the methods and the material of the64 great educators who wrote it right into your classroom for reference and guidance — ¦ not once a year— but wherever and as often as you want it !Milo B. Hillegas, Ph. D., Professorof Education, Teachers' College,Columbia University; Editor-in-Chief, The Classroom Teacher. William C.Bagley,Ph. D., Ed. D.Critic and AdvisoryEditorWho's Who in TheClassroom TeacherOf the 64 authors of The Classroom Teacher eleven are faculty members of the University ofChicago, as follows:William Scott Gray, Ph. D.Dean, College of EducationUniversity of ChicagoPrimary and IntermediateReadingHenry Chandler Cowles,Ph. D., Se. D.Professor of BotanyUniversity of ChicagoElementary ScienceFrank N. Freeman, Ph. D.Professor of EducationalPsychologyUniversity of ChicagoHandwtitingGeorge Alan Works, Ed. D.Dean, Graduate Library SchoolUniversity of ChicagoAgricultureElliot R. Downing, Ph. D.Associate Professor of EducationUniversity of ChicagoElementary ScienceWilliam C. Reavis, Ph. D.Associate Professor of EducationUniversity of ChicagoJunior HighWilliam Garrison WhitfordProfessor of Art EducationUniversity of Chicago — ArrHoward Copeland Hill, Ph. D.Assistant Professor of EducationUniversity of Chicago — CivicaMary Root KernInstructor of MusicSchool of EducationUniversity of ChicagoMusic for the Eight GradesBrace E. Storm, A. M.Instructor in EducationUniversity of ChicagoCommunity LifeJMsie Mabel Todd, Ph. B.Instructor in Art EducationUniversity of Chicago — Art You may judge the calibre of the work by eleven ofthe authors listed here who are faculty members of theUniversity of Chicago. Add to these the names ofHillegas, Bagley, Briggs, Palmer, Kilpatrick, DavidEugene Smith, and so on. To your experience TheClassroom Teacher adds at onestroke.the experienceof 64 such educators. To your methods it adds theirmethods as developed in the greatest teachers' colleges.To your texts it adds the richest mine of professionalizedsubject matter ever placed at a teacher's disposai —Thomas Henry material that is practical, that gets results, that is readyBriggs, Ph. D. to use.Editor,Junior-High-SchoolSectionWrite for Free Sample PagesHere is truly competent and complete professional guidance that coversevery subject and every phase of classroom procedure. We urge you tofind out what this great series can mean to you. The coupon below willbring you full information about it and about its authors. No obligation— but we do want you to meet The Classroom Teacher staff throughour brochure "Who's Who in The Classroom Teacher."Send for It Today!QheCLASSTSLOOM TEACHER.The Classroom Teacher, Inc., Dept. D-50104 S. Michigan Ave., Chicago, 111.Without obligation, please send me your free brochure "Who's Who In The Classroom Teacher," with pictures and biographies of the authors and sample pagesfrom The Classroom Teacher.Name Position Address City County.Particular Problems .State.348 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE'12 — Aaron Arkin, '09, Ph.D., '13, isspecializing in internai medicine and diag-nosis at his new office in the PittsfleldBuilding, Chicago.'15 — Ludwig A. Emge, '13, is associateprofessor of gynecology and obstetrics,Stanford University School of Medicine.San Francisco.'15 — Andrew M. Carr is Chief of sectionon Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat, Northwest Clinic, Minot, North Dakota.'16 — Angus L. Cameron, '14, and PaulH. Rowe, '14, are Chief of sections onsurgery and internai Medicine respectivelyat the Northwest Clinic, Minot, NorthDakota.'20 — Fred Firestone, '18, of 1325 Oc-tavia St., San Francisco, is engaged in thepractice of internai medicine. He is president of the University of Chicago Clubof Northern California.'20 — George M. Curtis, assistant Professor of Surgery, University of ChicagoClinics, was made a Fellow of the AmericanCollege of Surgeons at the convocation inBoston last October.'22 — Frank S. Newcomb, '19, 44 So.Marengo Ave., Pasadena, is practicingmedicine with the old established firm ofDrs. Newcomb and Snyder.'23— Tsefang F. Huang, '21, S.M., '22,who was with the National Epidemie Pre-vention Bureau in Peking China is nowteaching at Union Medicai College, Peking, China. '24 — Jeanette Harrison of 1136 W. 6th*St., Los Angeles, is engaged in the practiceof pediatrics.'26 — Walter R. Pendleton, '24, is resi-dent physician at the San Joaquin GeneralHospital, French Camp, California.'26 — Arthur B. Johnson, 24, is practicing urology at 314 Michigan St., Toledo, Ohio.'27 — T. P. Findley, Jr., recentiy corri-pleted a two year interneship at the Hospitalof the University of Pennsylvania in Phila-delphia.'27 — Herman F. Meyer is resident physician at the Children's Memorial HospitalChicago.'27 — Jessie M. Bierman is[ practicingpediatrics in San Francisco, California, at384 Post St.'28 — Reuben Ratner resigned his position as assistant resident at the MountZion Hospital, San Francisco, to becomeassociated in private practice with Dr. FredFirestone, '20, at 490 Post St., SaraFrancisco.'28 — Wesley P. Damerow is engaged inthe general practice of medicine at 6634Parkland Avenue, Sayler Park, Cincinnati,.Ohio.'28— J. Frank Pearcy, '22, Ph.D., '24,.is on the scientific staff of Rockefeller Institute, New York City, and is residentphysician of the cardiac service. He isworking on the causes of cardiac pain, etc.Law5 13— Paul V. Harper, '08, and Mrs.Harper spent a two weeks vacation in Mexico in March. While on their return homethey were caught at Saltillo, Mexico, by theoutbreak of the revolution. They arrivedhome safely with little delay.'15 — John P. McGalloway, 15, is practis-ing law at Fond du Lac, Wisconsin.'17 — Clay Judson became a member ofthe law firm of Wilson, Mcllvaine, Haleand Templeton Oct. 1, 1928, whose officesare at 140 S. Dearborn Street, Chicago. '26 — Clark Stanton Lloyd, '20, has beenadmitted to membership in the firm of Kirk-land, Fleming, Green & Martin, with officesin the Union Trust Building, Chicago.'22 — George W. Adams, '21, has law offices in the Rowan Building, Los Angeles,California.'24 — Wilfred C. Tsukiyama has been ap-pointed deputy city attorney in Honolulu,Hawaii, where he has been in privatepractice for the past four years.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 349Alumni Travel BureauPeople don't stay home summers anymore, as they used to. Nearly everyone isgoing to Europe, to China, to SouthAmerica, or, at least, 'to the CanadianRockies, it seems. Trains, boats, hotels,accommodations, these are the subjects ofconversation.So the University of Chicago Magazinehas decided to start a Travel Service Bureau. We pian to carry the advertisementsof the leading resorts, the best railroads,and the most sophisticated steamships.(We don't mean the steamships are sophisticated, of course, even if they do knowtheir way about. We mean the people whoride in them are the wise ones. )But whether we receive the advertisingor not, the Travel Service Bureau willoffer booking over any line to any place inthe wide world. In fact, Lester F. Blair,Director of the Bureau, who has been tomany of the places, can suggest a few youhave never thought of. He will give youadvice or arrange for anything from anindividuai trip to a group tour for you andyour whole sewing circle, if you wish it.He can eliminate all the bothersomestanding-around-in-line buying tickets andarranging reservations. All you have to dois teli him where you want to go. Infact, he can help you decide that veryimportant point, if you wish, — and he willarrange everything.There is no charge whatever for thisservice. The advice is free. The ticketshe secures for you are at the same rate youwould pay at the railroad station or steam-ship office, the only difference being thathe saves you the bother and inconvenienceattendant to buying there, and takes care oflots of other details besides.Mr. Blair's service is provided particu-larly for members of the UniversityAlumni, and their friends.If you're planning to go away — and whoisn t — we urgently recommend your getting in touch with him.Address Lester F. Blair in care of theUniversity of Chicago Magazine. Bored . . . ? You Needa Trip to Europe!Tired? Fed up on news and views at home? Thenyou need a trip abroad. ^You need a voyagetrimmed with white-capped waves and salt airfrom the broad Atlantic. You need wide, whitedecks with sunshine on them and nice people insports clothes. 1You need an appetite that doesn'tgrow on land. You need to see new countries un-roll before your eyes — maps come alive. 1 You needscenes you never saw before — colors,sounds, thrills,bargains, things to remember and talk about for-ever. 1Yes! there are a thousand thrills awaitingyou; and some of the biggest ones aren't on youritinerary. You can almost be sure of anything —except being bored!Select your trip abroad from 232 itìnerarìescovering all countries of Europe duringsummer of 1029. Ask for beautiful 40-pageillustrateci " Booklet E29", sent free uponrequest.lndependent Inclusive Travel Arrangement — Anyuihere, Anytime, Do-mestic Travel — House Party Tours tothe Wonderland of the West and theHistoric East.Phone or WriteLESTER F. BLAIRTRAVEL SERVICE BUREAU5758 Ellis Avenue CHICAGOPhone: Midway 0800; Plaza 3858 (Res.)Art CraftsGuild Travel BureauOriginators of Collegiate and Mouse Party Tours35© THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETHIS year's smoker was held on February 13, and was shorter than anysmoker in years; but more was compressedinto the time than other smokers everboasted of.Early in the evening, Dean Hinton rep-rimanded lawyers for their conservatismand loathness to change. In answer, LairdBell, J.D. '07, suggested a change in thelaw school curriculum — two new courses,one in "Arithmetic" and one in "How toGet Clients." "But then," he added, "ifthe professors knew how to do this, perhapsthey wouldn't be here."A law school orchestra — xylophone, saxo-phone, fiddle and piano introduced a newlaw school song — "The Best Things in LifeAre in Fee." Law School SmokerOne of the faculty members was indictedand tried for murder of the king's English.Telegrams to the faculty were read fromMae West, Lorelei Lee, Joe Saltis, AndrewMellon, and other well-wishing celebrities.A fast boxing match was staged betweentwo students, and the riotous evening con-cluded with the distribution of a newspaper"The Daily Weekly," printed as of February 13, 1959.A highly interesting talk by Herbert F.Geisler, the blind boy who leads the SeniorClass and who is also its President, strucka more serious note. He spoke of the tradi-tions of our school and the enrichment there-of by the lives of Professor Mechem andDean Hall. The applause was a tribute —the greatest of the evening.Robert McDougal, jr., J.D.29DivinityGeorge Cross, Ph.D., '00 professor ofSystemic Theology in the Colgate-RochesterDivinity School, died in January. Dr.Cross had achieved great distinction in hisfield as teacher and author. Among thebooks he has published were The Theologyof S chleiermacher , What is ChristianityfjCreative Christianity, and Christian Salva-tion.Claude Orear, A.M., 'io, has accepteda cali to the pastorate of the McCoy Memorial M. E. Church, South, Birmingham,Alabama.Heiji Hishinuma, A.M., 'il, when leav-ing his position in Hiroshima to becomeDean of Kobe College was honored by theEmperor with the rank of Jushii (A FourthCourt rank junior) which is equivalent tothe court rank of Governor of that Pre-fecture. This honor was given in consid-eration of his service for many years inthe imperiai educational system.Frank Jennings, A.M., '16, D.B., '17,who has been pastor of the University Baptist Church, Minneapolis, Minnesota, forfive years, has received and accepted a cali tothe pastorate of the Church of the Master,Cleveland, Ohio. The Church of the Master is one of the great churches of thatcity. University Church, Minneapolis,prospered greatly under Mr, Jennings'leadership.H. S. Linfield, Ph.D., '19, has recentiybeen appointed Director of the Statistica!Department of the American Jewish Committee in New York City.John I. Knudson, A.M., '22, who rerceived his degree as Doctor of PoliticaiScience from the University of Geneva,Switzerland, last summer, has become Professor of History in William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri.Harold V. Lucas, A.M., '25, is YoungerBoys' Work Secretary in the Y. M. C. A.,Honolulu, T. H. He has recentiy published a book of verse entitled "So Thisis Hawaii."Clarke R. Parker, D.D., pastor for eightyears at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, died at hishome January, 31. Dr. Parker had anhonored career as a Baptist minister in Iowaand Indiana where he served large churches.The sincere sympathy of many friends inthe University is extended to Mrs. Parkerand the bereaved family.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 351Permanent Teaching Positions at Better PayWe help you to more lasting tenure, larger opportunities and better pay. The years of experience of our personnel as teachers and executives in public schools and collages adds to the necognizedefficiency of this organization an understanding of the needs of both teachers and officials. The resultis better qualified teachers in positions of more opportunity — greater efficiency and fewer changes.Our more than forty years of nation wide experience in placing college teachers and executives, superintendents, principals and secondary teachers promotes the satisfaction and progress of bothindividuai and schools. Write for InformationC. E. GOODELL, President and General ManagerMT^L JF TEACHERS _ 28 east Jackson dlvd.Clark-BrewerTeachers Agency47th YearFor College Vacancies, write toour College Department.Teachers (with A. M. or Ph. D.)wanted. Salaries £2500-£4000Direct calls.64 E. Jackson Blvd.Lyon and Healy Building ChicagoNew YorkPittsburghChicago Write for "TheTeachers andThe Teachers'Agency," full ofkeen suggestionsabout job getting. MinneapolisKansas CitySpokane,Wash.For one registration you join alloffices permanently Albert Teachers' AgencyCollege Division25 E. Jackson Boulevard, Chicago535 Fifth Ave., New York GtyFor f orty-f our years at the headof College and State Teachers'College placement service. Professore and Instructors sent byus to every State University. Menand women with advanced degreeswill find here what they want.Send for College booklet andCollege blank. Better stili, caliat our office.THE YATES-FISHERTEACHERS' AGENCYEstàblished 1906Paul Yates, Manager6l6-620 SOUTH MICHIGAN AVENUECHICAGO THE J. M. HAHNTEACHERS AGENCYA Western Placement BureauElementary, Secondary, CollegeAlways in quest of outstanding educatorsfor important positions. Teachers with higher degrees in demand. Doctors of Philosophy urgently needed for college anduniversity positions now listed.J. M. Hahn and Bianche TuckerManagers2161 Shattuck Ave. Berkeley, California352 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDoctors ofDepartment of'05 — Walter F. Dodd has changed hisarrangements with the Yale Law Schoolso that he is giving half time to teachingand half time to his professional work.'07 — Augustus R. Hatton is taking anactive part in the affairs of the ChicagoPlanning Commission of which he was acharter member. He is also advising variousgroups in Chicago on the city manager pian,as well as advising other groups in othercities on this subject. Professor Hattonbecame the head of the Department ofPoliticai Science at Northwestern University at the beginning of the academicyear 1928-29.'21 — Christen Jensen has a year's leaveof absence from Brigham Young University,which he is spending in travel and studyabroad.'21 — Léonard D. White has recentiybeen elected to the Board of Trustees of theNational Institute of Public Administration in New York City. He is also chairman of the Social Science Research Council'scommittee to make a survey of public administration.'22 — Harold F. Gosnell has been advising the City Club Committee on electionswith regard to improvement in the electionprocedure of Cook County. Dr. Gosnellhas recentiy finished a book on EuropeanElections, and is to engagé in a compre-hensive study of the Negro in Chicagopolitics.'23 — Joseph P. Harris is serving as con-sultant on a broad scale on the subject ofregistration laws with regard to which heis now one of the leading authorities. Abook on registration procedure written byBack to the PhilosophyPoliticai ScienceDr. Harris is about to be published by theJohns Hopkins Press.'23 — Joseph B. Kingsbury has recentiyaccepted a position as Professor of PoliticaiScience at St. John's College, Annapolis,Maryland.'24 — Martin L. Faust has recentiy accepted a position at the University ofMissouri.'24 — Louise Overacker has been on leaveof absence from Wellesley College duringthe academic year 1928-29 in order to complete the manuscript left by Professor Westof Stanford University on the use of moneyin elections. For this purpose ProfessorOveracker received a grant from the SocialScience Research Council. She will teachduring the spring quarter in the PoliticaiScience Department at the University ofChicago.'26 — Herman C. Beyle accepted a position as Professor of Politicai Science atSyracuse University in 1928. He has recentiy published a volume in the socialscience studies of the university of ChicagoPress entitled "Government Reporting."'26 — Kenneth V. Johnston is continuinghis work with the Board of Historical Publi-cations at Ottawa. He is collaborating withDr. Léonard D. White and others in acollection of source material in the fieldof civil service legislation.'26 — Harold D. Lasswell is on leavefrom the University of Chicago for a periodof nine months during which he is continuing his study of psychiatry and politics prin-cipally in Vienna, Zurich, and Berlin.'26 — Manetta Stevenson has recentiybeen advanced to senior researcher statuson June 8.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 353in the Children's Bureau at Washington.She is now engaged on a nationwide study0f child welfare within the state depart-ments of public welfare.'26 — Carroll H. Woody has substantiallycompleted a study of nominating methodsin Great Britain. He is taking an activepart in the politicai aflairs of Chicago, andhas just commenced a thorough study of thepoliticai career of Frank L. Smith.'27 — C. O; Johnson has accepted a position as professor and head of the Department of History and Politicai Science atWashington State College.'27— Fred L. Schuman has been on ahalf-time teaching schedule during the present year in order to be able to devote theremainder of his time to the study of thecauses of war which is being conductedunder the direction of Professor QuincyWright and other members of the socialscience group.'28 — Harwood L. Childs has accepteda position as professor and head of theDepartment of Politicai Science at BucknellUniversity.'28 — Robert L. Steadman has accepteda position as Assistant Professor of Politicai Science at Akron University.'28 — Frank M. Stewart has returnedto his post as associate professor of politicai science at the University of Texas.He is on leave during a part of the presentyear in order to carry out a study of high-way administration in Texas.MARRIAGESBIRTHS, ENGAGEMENTSDEATHSMarriagesAgnes Grant Prentice, '19, to Dr. HiramJason Smith, Aprii 8, 1929, in BondChapel, University of Chicago. At homet7H East Fifty-sixth Street, Chicago.Antti Lepisto, '20, to Sigrid Hakola,December 24, 1928. At home, Hancock,Michigan. EducationSwiflt & Company's education is a continuous process.In its contacts with live-stock producers it strives tolearn more about the problems which producers faceand to help to solve them.From the retail m e a tdealers and others to whomwe sell meat and by-productswe seék new sales and merchandising ideas.The housewives, ever onthe alert for the comfort andwell-being of their f amilies,teli us new things about ourproducts.And thus a great industryseeks to keep abreast of thetimes and to continue to f ur-nish a daily cash market tothe livestock producer, and tosupply the retail dealer withthe kind and quality of meatshis customers desire.Swift & Company354 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESPECIAL SALEU. of C. VIEW BOOKSA — 18 colored prints, 6x8, mounted onheavy white deckle-edged stock, withcover of white, printed inmaroonandtied with maroon silk cord. Withenvelope.$2.00 Postpaid, $1.25B — 18 sepia prints, 6x8, on creamy-toned paper, with brown cover andmaroon silk cord. With envelope.$1.00 Postpaid, $.65C — 12 colored prints, 6x8, on whitestock, with space for calendar,bound in green cover, having etch-ing of Harper Library by VernonHowe Bailey in panel. Withenvelope.$1.50 Postpaid, $.85Order by A, B, or Cfrom theU- of C. BOOKSTORE5802 Ellis Ave.PaulH. Davis, 'nRalph W. Davis, 'i6 Herbert I. Markham, Ex. 'o6Walter M. Giblin, '23Paal RDavls &<90.MEMBERSNEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGECHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE37 South LaSalle StreetTelephone Rana. 6280CHICAGOCHICAGO COLLEGIATEBUREAU OF 0CCUPATI0NSRoom 1816 5 South Wabash Ave.MARGUERITE HEWITT McDANIELManaging DirectorVocational Informationand PlacementBusiness — Domestic Science— SocialService — ScientificSecretarial Positions for TrainedCollege Girls Always Available Florence Plice, '22, to Kenneth E. Webster, July 23, 1928. At home, 3828 GladysAvenue, Chicago.Catherine Collins, '22, to C. J. Tripp.At home, 1821 Rossmont Drive, Redlands,California.Colette McFadden, '22, to Norman E.Lemmon, August 4, 1928. At home, 121 1Davis Avenue, Whiting, Indiana.Harriet Worthington, A.M., '25, to W.H. Goodman, September 24, 1928. Athome, 6218 Berthold Avenue, St. Louis,Missouri.Calista Twist, '25, to John W. Herndon,December 29, 1928. At home, noi SouthSixth Street, Springfield, Illinois.Irene F. Diehl, '26, to J. E. Fraley,August 16, 1928. At home, Forreston,Illinois.Edna Florence Barnes, '26, to J. H. El-pass, February 26, 1929. At home, Au-burn, Nebraska.Dorothy Miller, '27, to Lester T. Beali,'26, October 20, 1928. At home, 8228Ingleside Avenue, Chicago.Elizabeth Jean Garrison, '27, to NeilCrawford, February 2, 1929. At home,1370 West Boulevard, Cleveland, Ohio.Harriet Smith, '28, to Owen Wyandt.At home, 6855 Clyde Avenue, Chicago.Dorathea M. Hammann, '28, to LesliéT. Kent, '26, December 25, 1928. Athome, 2146 Dayton Street, Chicago.Hubert L. Barnett, A.M. '28, to HarrietEichman, March 2, 1928. At home,Peoria, Illinois.EngagementsBeatrice Gilbert, '19, to Charles RobertRichards of Wichita, Kansas.Elmer A. Vorisek, '21, M.D. '23, toMatilda A. Pekny, '22.Elizabeth A. Marie Miehlke, '23, toWilliam G. Friedemann, Ph.D. '25.BlRTHSTo James E. Dymond, '12, and Mrs.Dymond (Ellen MacNeish) '11, adaughter, Margaret Ellen, February 5>1929, at Benzonia, Michigan.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 355To Harry O. Rosenberg, '13, J.D. '15,and Mrs. Rosenberg (Helena FlexnerBaldauf) '23, a son, Harry Baldauf, February 8, 1929, at Chicago.To Ralph D. Kellogg, '15, and Mrs. Kellogg, a daughter, Aurora DeWitt, February 25, 1929, at New York City.To John W. Long, '18, and Mrs. Long,a son, John Warwick, December 30, 1928,at Huntington, West Virginia.To Mr. and Mrs. O. C. Black Jr., (FernL. Barber) '19, A.M. '20, a daughter,February 12, 1929, at Chicago.To Mr. and Mrs. George A. Novak, '19,J.D. '21, a boy, Robert Lovis, February 9,1929, at Chicago.To Harold P. Win ter, '22, and Mrs.Winter, a daughter, Nancy Ann, Novemberio, 1929, at Davenport, Iowa.To William B. McCollough, '27, J.D.'27, and Mrs. McCollough, a son, WilliamBryant Jr., February 23, 1929, at Birmingham, Alabama.DeathsReuben H. Donnelley, who attended theold Chicago University for three years,February 25, 1929, at the Blackstone Hotel,Chicago. Mr. Donnelley was head of theR. H. Donnelley Corporation and R. R.Donnelley and Sons Company, publishers.His home was in Lake Forest, Illinois.Andrew P. Fors, Ph.D. '04, January14, 1929 at his home 3854 Bernard Street,Chicago. Dr. Fors was pastor of theBethel Lutheran Church, Sixty-second andPeoria Streets.Chauncey J. V. Pettibone, '07, head ofthe department of physiological chemistryat the University of Minnesota, March 8,1929. He was a recognized authority inhis field, and had written books and manymagazine articles on the subject. He wasofficiai advisor to students entering the college of medicine at the University ofMinnesota.Mrs. N. L. Blitzsten (Elizabeth P.Wolf) >i8, Ph.D. '22, M.D. '22, in January 1929, at Chicago. She was for sometime physician in charge of the heart station at Michael Reese Hospital. Stephens CollegeColumbia, MissouriA Junior College forWomenFully Accredited by theUniversity of ChicagoLet Us Teli You About theFour Year Junior CollegeCourse for Your DaughterJAMES M. WOODPresidentAbbot Academy1828-1929For a century one of New England'sleading Schools for Girls.National PatronageAdvanced Courses for High Schoolgraduates. College Preparation. Ex-ceptional opportunities in Art andMusic* Outdoor Sports.Address: Bertha Bailey, PrincipalBox P, Andover, MassachusettsMOSERSHORTHAND COLLEGEA business school of distinctionSpecial Three Months* IntensiveCourse for university graduatesor undergraduates givenquarterlyBulletin on RequestPaul Moser, J. D., Ph. B.116 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago356 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEALUMNIPROFESSIONALDIRECTORYInsuranceJohn J. Clear y, Jr., '14175 W. Jackson Blvd., Wabash 1240Eldredge, Carolan, Graham <&_ ClearyReal EstateJ. Alton Lauren, '19J. Alton Lauren and Co.139 N. Clark St. Randolph 2068UNIVERSITYCOLLE GÈThe downtown department of The University of Chicago, ii6 S. Michigan Avenue,wishes the Alumni of the University andtheir friends to know that it ofFersEvening; Late Afternoon and Saturday ClassesTwo-Hour Sessions Once orTwice a WeekCourses Credited Toward University DegreesThe Spring Quarter begins M.onday, Aprii 1, 1929Registration Period, March 22 to 30, 1929For Information, AddressDean, C. F.Huth University College,University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. No LossesIncome Fixedand CertainJLhe income from a John xHancock. Life Annùity is absolutelyassured. You need feàr no losses —>no rediiced income. Your decliningyears can be freed' from financial worriesas they should be. $ 1 ,000 or more will createa life income of unshrinkable character. Forpersons of limited capital, there is no safer wayof providing a secure income for old age. Ourbook, "Life Incomes Through Annuities," tellswhat the John Hancock Life Annuity pian hasdone for others— what it will do for you.Send for this Book!???••?•?INQUIRY BUREAU********Life Insurance Companyof Boston. Massachusetts197 Clarendon St., BostonPlease send bookIet"Life Incomes Through Annuities."Name.„, ., , .Address . „ .. WOODWORTH'SBOOK STORE" A Big Friendly Store Built toServe a University "1311 E. 57th St. H. R 1690THE FAULKNER SCHOOL FOR GIRLS4746 Dorchester Avenue (Co-operative with the University of Chicago) Telephone Oakland 1423A DAY SCHOOL FOR GIRLS OF ALL AGESThe school is a member of the North Central Association of Shcools and Colleges and prepares its graduates for all colleges and universities admittingwomen. The College Board Examinations are given at the school. The college preparatory work is under the direction ofMISS ELIZABETH FAULKNER, PrincipalBoys are admitled to the Kindergarten Department, which is under the direction ofMISS GEORGENE FAULKNERBack to the Midway on June 8*e 1© Fatai DuelIn 1804, as part of an erratic plot by Federalistextremists to cut New England and New Yorkfrom the Union, Aaron Burr, their complacenttool, was nominated for Governor of New York.Alexander Hamilton denoùnced Burr's motivesin no uncertain terms. Then Burr, giving ventto an insensate jealousy dating back to theRevolution, when his own brilliance was out-dazzled by Hamilton's military, intellectual andsocial genius, eagerly challenged him. AsTIME would have reported the Burr-Hamiltonduel, had TIME been issued July 16, 1804:... Hamilton spent the night putting his house inorder. At dawn, he, his second (Nathaniel Pendleton)and one Dr. William Hosack, were rowed from Manhattan to the Weehawken Paiisades. It was hot, hazy.The river's oily swell made Mr. Pendleton sick, soHamilton humorously held his head. Landing, theysought the well-secluded dueling ground not far abovethe river.Burr and his second (William Van Ness) wereclearing the summer's underbrush. Hamilton and Burrnoddtd each to the other with a pleasant "Good morn-ing." While the seconds conferred, Hamilton stoodgazing across the Hudson, where his family lay stili asleep. He was remembering his son's death on thisvery spot three years before at the hands of GeneralBaker. Burr sat on a rock smoking a segar. FinallyPendleton asked: "Gentlemen, are you ready?" Burrrose. His beady eyes sparkled but his face was immobile. Pale but resolute, Hamilton took his post, hisface a carneo against the green background. Pendleton handed each a loaded pistol. Again: "Gentlemen,are you ready?" "Presenti" both replied. Burr fired onthe instant. Hamilton rose slowly to his toes, clenchedhis hands, so unwittingly discharging his pistol, andfell heavily face downward. His bullet flew overBurr's head, clipped a cedar twig which fluttered tohis shoulder.Hamilton, agonizing, was carried to his boat. Hemurmured : "Take good care of that pistol. It's undis-charged. Pendleton knows I didn't intend to fìre . . ."So, in part, TIME would have reported thefatai duel, noting also how Hamilton died thenext day at the Greenwich Village home ofWilliam Bayard, how his burial in Trinitychurchyard was a signal for an unprecedentedoutpouring of public grief. TIME too wouldhave shown how the duel brought Burr's politicai ruin in the East, turned his schemes towardLouisiana and Mexico.Cultivated Americans, impatient with cheap sensationalism and windy bias,turn increasingly to publications edited in the historical spirit. These publica-tions, fair-dealing, vìgorously impartial, devote themselves to the public wealin the sense that they report what they see, serve no masters, fear no groups.TIMEThe Weekly NewsmagazineNEW YORK - CHICAGO205 East 42nd Street, New York CityChapel, University of Chicago. Bertram Q. Qoodhue Associates, Architects.Léonard Construction Co., Builders.Beauty that only NaturaiStone can giveFOR such a building as the new Chapel, A vast deposit and improved productiononly naturai stone could do full justice methods make Indiana Limestone practi'to the architect's design. Indiana Limestone cable for every building purpose at moderatewas chosen because it was ideal for the cost. Let us send you an illustrated book'purpose. It is a fact that the limestone of let showing college buildings built of thiswhich the great cathedrals of Europe are wonderful stone. Or a booklet showingbuilt are not of so fine and durable a quality residences. Address Dept. 819, Serviceas this limestone from southern Indiana. Bureau, Bedford, Indiana.INDIANA LIMESTONE COMPANYQeneral Offices : Bedford, Indiana Executive Offices : Tribune Tower, Chicago