<&Amucrsitii ofOicagoVOL. XXI NUMBER 5MARCH, 1929PAGEThe Past and the Present — Julius Stieglitz 233New Manuscript Acquisitions — Benjamin W . Robinson 240Sojourn ON a Summit — Henry Justin Smith 245A New Administrative Office — William H. Cowley 251The Freshman Class, 1928-1929 — George R. Moon 255Mary McDowell, Neighbor — Gerald Birney Smith 257In My Opinion — Fred B. Milieu 260A Leader in the Electrical Field — John Mills 263What's all the Shouting For? — Wm. V . Morgenstern 268UBLISHED BY THE ALUMNI COUNCIlThe CommonwealthTeacher-TrainingStudy: By. W . W . Charter s andDouglas WaplesIt is the published report of athree-year investigation into theteacher-training curriculum. Itscomprehensive description of theduties and traits of teachers willprovide the neces,sary basis for de-termining systematically, what teachers should he taught. It is a ivork-book for ali who are concerned withthe organization arici direction ofcourses for teachers.$4.00, postpaid $4.15Education in aDemocratic WorldBy Ernest D. BurtonGathered together, thèse, utter-ances of a great educator are of thegreatest importance to the progressof educational theory and practice.Always vitally interested in theideals of education, he used bismany opportunities to introduce andexpound bis vigorous ideas on thesubject.$2.00, postpaid $2.10 The Practice OfTeaching In TheSecondary SchoolBy. Henry C. Morrìson"1 can't pose as an authority onali the books of our calling but Ican say for myself that not since Iwas stirred by Herbert Spencer'sarousing work, Education, have Imet anythino- that meets present-day demands like this. It provesitself step by step, it is guarded, itis unextravagant; but for ali that,when you realize what it proposes —real expertness in teaching, elimina-tion of human waste — it is revolu-tionary." — William McAndmew.$4.00, postpaid $4.15The ChangingCollegeBy Ernest H. WilkinsCurriculum building, college en-trance requirements, the develop-ment of orientation courses, theplace of intercollegiate football —these are the current problems ofevery college and university executive; they are the subject of argu-ment both within and without everyeducational institution in this country. After long and practical ex-perience with them, President Wilkins has now put into print someof his views upon the changingcolleges.$1.50, postpaid $1.60Current Educational Readjustments InHigher InstitutionsPrepared byGrò ver II. Alderman R. T. LéonardM. E. Haggerty Sheìton PhelpsW. W. Kemp Floyd W. ReevesWilliam S. Gray, ChairmanA timely bulletin of jnformation— a summary of current educationalexperlments with curricula andniethods of instruction.$1.00, postpaid $1.10 The Nature Of TheWorld And Of ManA clear, connected, reasonableexplanation of ali the physical worldand man's place in it.Forrest Ray Henry ChandlerMonitori CowlesRollin T. Warder C. AlleeChamberlin Alfred S. RomerJ. Harlen Bretz Fay.Cooper ColeHarvey -B.: Lemon Elliot R. DowningJulius Stiéglitz George W.Ploratio: Hackett BartelmezNewman Anton J. CarlsonEdwin Oakes Jordan Charles HubbardMerle C. Coulter Judd$4.00, postpaid $4.15The University Of Chicago PressTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESelected by the Inter-collegiate Alumni Ex-tension Service as officiai headquarters forAlumni activity on theSouth Side of Chicago.Your next business tripto Chicago—Make it a pleasure trip!Don't miss the chance to visit your university the next timeyou come to Chicago. New Midway sights will greet youreyes — the marvelous Medicai group; the new chapel, one ofthe finest pieces of Gothic architecture in the world; the newWieboldt hall of modem languages. You must see them ali!Stop at Hotels Windermere. For there you are within easywalking distance of the campus, and only ten minutes f rom theloop.There the same old-time hospitality, the same excellent cuisine await you. In more ways than one, a stay at the Windermere will make it a pleasure trip.Whether you come for the day, or stay for the week, a cordialwelcome comes from the Hotels Windermere.Headquarters For Practically Ali Athletic TeamsCompeting With Chicago.otelsindermere"CHICAGO'S MOST HOMELIKE HOTELS"56th Street at Hyde Park Boulevard — Phone Fairfax 6000500 feet of verandas and terraces fronting southon Jackson Park230 THÈ UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MA GAZINEAn organization of almost fifty people, with specialists in ali branches of advertisingVANDERHOOFS3 COMPANY QmeralcfldverHsmgVANDERHOOF BUILDING • • ^fe *Q7 B. ONTARIO ST,.CHlCAGOHENRY D. SULCER, '05, PresidentArt . . . and the100,000,000 mind"Appelz! Appelz! Peaches! Potateci"yells the huckster. No question aboutwhat he is selling! There is art in thevery simplicity of his appeal.Pictures that clearly convey the im-pression of your product and wordsthat teli the story cunningly . . . that isali there is to a good advertisement.It is simplicity itself.To achieve simplicity . . . directness . . .is an art not easily acquired. A dom-inating centrai idea is needed. To thetask of building this idea we bring theminds of a group of business executiveswho have successfully invested morethan 100,000,000 advertising dollars.Member: American Association of Advertising Agende s & National Outdoor Advertising BureauV I Al T II c/c/It seems not only unnecessary but ludi-crous to attempt to introduce ProfessorStiegHtz, Author of The Past and the Presenta to Chicago alumni. He is one of theold guard who carne to the Midway in 1892.Through the years he has brought greathonor to Chicago and outstanding eminenceto his department. He is one of the world'sgreat chemists, an inspirational leader and arevered teacher. His vision is not boundedW the scientific fìeld in which he is aleader, but he approaches any problem withthe understanding mind, the courageous in-dependence and the sympathetic apprecia-tion that are shown in The Past and thepresent.w » «Professor Robinson gives us a most in-teresting and intimate account of theacquisition of two New Testament manu-scripts dating back to the I2th century,with a description that should interest eventhose who delve into their new testamentsbut rarely.The following letter from one of ourreaders but echoes the sentiments of scoresof others. "I am thoroughly enjoyingHenry Justin Smith's Sojourn on a Summit. Those articles show more insight intosignificant phases of University life thananything I have read in a long time."In this issue Mr. Smith gives us his im-pressions of the students as he met themon the quadrangles, in the fraternity housesand at the women's halls.William H. Cowley has an interestingstory to teli the alumni about the newlyTHE Magazine is published at 1009 Sloan St.,Crawfordsville, Ind., monthly from Novemberto July, inclusive, for The Alumni Council ofthe University of Chicago, s8th St. and Ellis Ave.,Chicago, 111. The subscription price is $2.00 peryear; the price of single copies is 25 cents.Postage is prepaid by the publishers on ali ordersfrom the United States, Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico,Panama Canal Zone, Republic of Panama, HawaiianIslands, Philippine Islands, Guam, Samoan Islands.Postage is charged extra asfollows: For Canada,18 cents on annual subscriptions (total $2.18), onsingle copies, 2 cents (total 22 cents); for ali othercountries in the Postai Union, 27 cents. on annualsubscriptions (total $2.27), on single copies, 3 cents(total 23 cents).Remittances should be made payable to the Alumni H I ^u corganized Board of Vocational Guidanceand Placement with temporary accent alion the "Placement." George R. Moon isnot only Assistant to the University Exam-iner, but he is also a Dean in the Colleges.He knows the Undergraduate and hespeaks with authority when he tells us ofthis year's Freshman class.¦ w w »Last month the Edison Medal wasawarded to a Chicago alumnus. The mandeemed worthy of such recognition isknown by reputation to many of our readers.A sketch of his life by John Mills, 'oi, adose friend and business associate, tells usin an intimate way, many interesting thingsabout Frank B. Jewett.w 'w wThe locai athletic situation is reviewedby a past master. William V. Morgen-stern, a Chicago alumnus, twice over, isone of the busiest men on the campus. Hedirects the public relations of the University. From his many duties he has foundtime to write for the Magazine the firstof a series of articles on athletics at Chicago.» » wGerald Birney Smith tells us much ofinterest about the University of ChicagoSettlement and its Director in reviewingMary McDowell, Neighbor. Cari H.Grabo reviews George L. Marsh's JohnHamilton Reynolds, and Fred B. Milletttells us of current Shaksperian productions,good, bad and indifferent.Council and should be in the Chicago or New Yorkexchange, postai or express money order. If locaicheck is used, io cents must be added for collectionClaims for missing numbers should be made withinthe month following the regular month of publication.The Publishers expect to supply; missmg numbers freeonly when they have been lost in transit.Communications pertaining to advertising may besent to the Publication Office, 1009 Sloan St., Crawfordsville, Ind., or to the Editorial Office, Box 9,Faculty Exchange, The University of Chicago.Communications for publication should be sent tothe Chicago Office.Entered as second class matter December io, 1924.at the Post Office at Crawfordsville, Indiana, underthe Act of March 3, 1879. .Member of Alumni Magazines Associated.231After The Chapel DedicationThe Son of the Founder and the Acting President2%ìVoi. xxi No. 5®ntbers!ttj» of ChicagoJllaga^tnei — • — ¦ — ¦ ¦ ~~~ ~~~~~~Z~ZZ___Z_^ MARCH, 1929The Past and the PresentAn Address at the Trustees Dinner to the Faculty. February 14, 1929By Julius Stieglitz, Professor and Chairman, Department of ChemistryIT WAS with considerale hestitationthat I accepted the invitation to talk toyou this evening for the UniversityFaculty. Although the program for the de-velopment and strengthening of the depart-ment of chemistry is now in a most activeand promising stage, chemistry is not goingto be my theme this evening. After per-petrating "Chemistry . in the Service ofMan," "Chemistry and Human Welfare"and "Chemistry in Medicine" within lessthan fìve years, may we of the departmentnot consider you thoroughly inf ormed ofthe important place chemistry occupies inthe life of the nation, in the life of everyone of you and in the sciences, both naturaiand social, represented at the University?Perhaps you are not quite convinced of itsròle in the Social Sciences and before weenter upon the serious work of the evening,the following favorite anecdote of Dr. Arthur D. Little may help to convince you.Dr. Little tells how a famous professor inthe East heard a hesitant knock at his door,which was followed by the furtive en-trance of a farmer with a bulging coat from which he presently took a large nug-get of gleaming gold. "Fool's gold," theprofessor remarked, "made of iron and sul-phur," whereupon the farmer wiped his per-spiring forehead and remarked, "By gosh,and I have married twenty acres of i't."No, much larger problems than the in-terests of a single department are confront-ing the University at the present time, andI am going to venture to speak about twoor three of these. I have chosen as a topicthe subject "The Past and the Present,"because recent developments in various di-rections have suggested to me that someexperiences from the past might prove veryhelpful to us in facing our present problems.How well I remember the first facultygathering — called not for the transactionof business but to hear Dr. Harper — andthe burden of his statement was that theUniversity of Chicago was not intended toto be a university like Clark University,with a large faculty and a handful of stu-dents, but that it would be a university,headed indeed by as strong and great afaculty of research men that he could draw233234 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEtogether, but planned so as to draw to itselfand give the benefìts of its existence to, aslarge numbers of qualified students as itcould attract and hold. Dr. Harper knewwhat we must realize today, that studentsafter ali are the very life-blood of a greatuniversity; we may cali its faculties its"gray matter!" Research institutions cando their work without students, but uni-versities, if they do not go under altogetherwithout students, persist only as weak andanemie institutions. I wonder how manyof you men of the younger generation ap-preciate what the realization of Dr. Harp-er's great dream has meant for educationin the whole United States. Before 1892,we had in this country one real university,Johns Hopkins, devoted wholly to graduatework, and we also had great colleges — Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Cornell, etc. — greatcolleges with weak and unimportant graduate schools carried as appendages to thecolleges. The University of Chicagosprang into existence at once a great graduate school and a great college — the plansof Johns Hopkins and of Harvard or Yaleincorporated into one great institution.That fact, in my opinion, accelerated thedevelopment of real universities in thiscountry by at least 15 or 20 years. Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Cornell, and thegreat state universities hastened to developgraduate schools on top of their colleges,which very soon compared so favorablywith European universities that by 1900the great emigration of graduate studentsto Europe had dwindled to almost nothing.Let us note fiere too that as a result ofthis chance evolutionary process our universities are different from any type of university Europe has developed. When bythe chances of evolution a new type isevolved, it represents an opportunity for astep upward in the scale for the organismin question. In my judgment there are in-herent possibilities in the American university which could make it superior to anyinstitution the old countries have developed,and it should not be abandoned lightly intavor of older types until these possibilitiesfor evolving something superior to them have been exhausted. I shall return tothis thought presently, but first wish to g0back for a moment to our early history.We ali know that the development of theUniversity was not unassociated withstruggles, disappointments and setbacks. Inparticular the science departments, withwhose history I am most familiar, had veryhard sledding in the early years, and this.in spite of the magnificent group of scientificmen whom Dr. Harper had brought together, Michelson, Chamberlin, NefCoulter, Moore, Whitman and many otherleaders; and in spite also of the fact thatthe great Middle West, looking forwardrather than backward, had endowed lab-oratory after laboratory for the sciences.The department found it extremely difficultto get appropriations for supplies, for as-sistants, for expansion of the staff. Andthe reason was that our science halls werein an anemie condition — handfuls of students where students should have been*swarming ! Relief to the sciences carne from,three sources and with that relief the University entered upon its second stage ofdevelopment. The most important of thesethree factors in the vigorous thrust forwardof the science departments was the transfer of the first two years of medicai studyfrom* Rush Medicai College to our campus.The students carne and they filled our science buildings with the red blood of eagerstudents ! They filled not only the medicailaboratories, but medicai and pre-medicaLstudents also filled Kent and Ryerson, Zoòl-ogy and Botany. These students meantlarger staffs of able men who could devote-the major part of their time to researcLThey added a Hektoen and a Wells, and in.the course of time, Koch, Luckhardt,,.Tatum, Maximow, and many others to aCarlson, a Bensley and a Jordan ; they made-possible a Millikan and a Cowles next to aMichelson and a Coulter. Students meantassistantships for men preparing for thehigher degrees; the graduate work blos-somed out and funds became more freelyavailable for research work. As a matterof record, the Trustees of the Universityfelt so encouraged that they forthwitbfounded the Law School, and the UniversityTHE PAST AND THE PRESENT 2350{ Chicago had entered successfully twogreat professional fields indispensable to anygreat university.Dr. Harper himself was keenly dis-appointed and discouraged that stili greaterdevelopments in the medicai field did notf0llow immediately upon the successfultransplantation of the medicai f reshmen andsophomores. Before going to the hospitalfor his second operation, he called some ofus individually to his home and I will neverforget that his one message to me was anexpression of regret and discouragement thathis great medicai plans had not come tofinal fruition. With the modesty of truegreatness, he spoke only of his one failureand I had to point through his window tothe University campus and remind him ofthe truly wonderful results of his shortadministration.A kind Providence, or the very neces-sities of the forces of evolution, often buildmore wisely if more slowly and more surely,than man himself plans. In the intervalbetween the taking over of the first twoyears of medicai instruction and the finalfruition of its medicai program, the University had the invaluable opportunity toraise step by step the level of admission andinstruction in its medicai courses to thehighest in the country. It became self-understood that only students thoroughlytrained in the fundamental sciences ofphysics, chemistry and zoology, and withwhat we are wont to cali a cultural background could enter the University'smedicai school. When funds finally carnein to erect the Billings Memorial Hospitaland to establish our medicai school on thecampus as a department of the GraduateSchool of Science, we were most fortunatethat this magnificent experiment could begrafted safely on the sturdy stock of twoyears of pre-clinical classes and departmentscultivated and strengthened by_ years of ef-fort and self-sacrifice on both the southand the west side. The difHculties facingthe working out of the plans of our southside school are sudi that only men of thegreatest courage can be expected to carryout the pian of combining into one institution the essence of a Rockefeller Institute, a purely research institute, and of a university medicai school. In the medicaischool of Johns Hopkins University, wehave an illustration of what success willultimately mean. When, a few years ago,I gave the Dohme Lectures on Chemistryand Recent Progress in Medicine, I wasastonished to see what a very large propor-tion of vital discoveries have emanated fromits medicai staff, a staff called with thegreatest care from ali over the wòrld. Itsgroup of hospitals under experts represent aMecca for the sick and sufEering. In de-veloping this medicai research institutionand these hospitals, John Hopkms- has ren-dered a unique service to tfe riation whichI am confident the University of Chicagowill be able to equal in our great MiddleWest.I wish to congratulate the Trustees andthe Faculties of our University on the recent decision to continue both of our Medicai Schools. I have always been convincedthat we need both of them if the Universityis to accomplish the greatest measure ofgood in the field of medicai education andin the development of first-class physicians,medicai teachers and research men. Thereis an old story that an admirer of the Ger-man poet Goethe sought to please the latterby asking him which he considered thegreater poet, Goethe or Schiller; he expected Goethe to claim this honor, but thegreat poet answered promptly, "Be gratefulthat you have both of us." We should beprofoundly grateful that the University hasdecided to have both its medicai schools.Important advances in medicine have comefrom Rush Medicai College in spite of al-together inadequate endowment for research. Only two or three outstandingachievements can be mentioned here — suchas the brilliant series of investigations onfocal infections and their significance in dis-éase, on the treatment of peptic ulcers andthe recent fundamental work on scarlet fe-ver and of diabetes. But the most impres-sive contribution of Rush Medicai Collegeis to be found in its astonishing output ofgreat physicians and investigators ! In thisservice to man, in my judgment, it has sur-passed the record of Johns Hopkins Univer-Julius Stieglitz236THE PAST AND THE PRESENT 237sity? even *n our own generation. Again, Iam profoundly grateful that the Univer-gjty will have both schools — they will sup-plement and strengthen each other, and, aspr. Christian of Harvard emphasized here,research work will be multiplied, not sup-pressed ; the output of thoughtful physicianswill be increased, not reduced. And noofle can predict from which school thegreater investigators, the greater physicians^ill come — because we teachers must notfool ourselves- — we can inspire and guide butwe cannot make great leaders — they areborn. It was a chemist, Pasteur, who be-came the founder of modem medicine. Bill-ings was born to be a great doctor andMichelson achieved Michelson because for-tunately there was no one at the NavalAcademy who could claim to know so verymuch about light. Nature has taught usthe value of numbers in evolution, and withtwo first class medicai schools we have morethan twice as great an opportunity for thedevelopment of men for high service inmedicine.Turning now again to the question of theAmerican university, I wish to express toour President and to the Trustees on behalfof the Faculties of the University, our con-gratulations on the new building pian toprovide proper residences and facilities forour students, particularly also for our college students. It is a peculiar fact that withour hearts unquestionably in our researchand graduate work, our faculties from theearliest days of the University to this dayhave always taken the most profound interest in the welfare and upbuilding of ourcollege work. Our Hales and Shoreys,Chamberlins and Vincents, and now ourCarlsons, Judds, Laings, Gales and Bou-chers, not to speak of our eminent presi-dents, have been unstinting of their bestthought in problems of the colleges. Per-sonally, I believe that our colleges are vitalto the well-being of the University — partlyas a rich and strengthening soil in which theroots of our graduate and professionalschools find healthy nourishment ; partly because the University has in the colleges anopportunity to serve the whole country incontributing to the solution of that most difficult prcblem, the problem of the besttype of college education.I believe that no one would deny that thecrowning glory of the University, that thesupreme reason for its existence, rests in ourgraduate and professional schools. That isso well understood that I need not dilateupon the fact. But graduate schools in ourcountry rest to an extraordinary degree ona subsidized basis. Not only do they de-mand the best and therefore the most ex-pensive Faculty members, expensive lab-oratories and libraries, rare books and rareresearch equipment, but even the studentbody to a large extent must be paid to at-tend. The situation is growing worserather than better and any chairman of adepartment can teli of floods of letters ask-ing for appointments, some indeed for sti-pends that will support a man, his wife andtwo or three children — fortunately largerfamilies are nowadays very rare. A studyof this problem for graduate students inchemistry has been made by the NationalResearch Council for 1927-8. In theUnited States as a whole no less than 57%of the graduate students in chemistry re-ceived support in the form of fellowships orassistantships. At the University of Chicago dose to 50% received support, at Harvard 47%, at Yale 72%! What is truefor graduate students in chemistry wouldprobably be found true for ali departments.Under wise administrative guidance afair share of this great expense could be metwith the aid of the. colleges. Careful se-lection of men for college teaching who combine research interest and productivescholarship with teaching power will addto the research strength of departments, notweaken it. That has been true in chemistry,where our freshmen and sophomores havebeen taught for thirty-seven years by suchmen. Three of them ultimately wereelected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences. Our large college chemistry classes maintain teaching assistantshipswhich very greatly strengthen our graduate student body. The University of Illinois has built up a graduate department ofchemistry with a staff of over fifty rankingin quality among the first ten in the United238 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEStates on the strong foundations of its verylarge undergraduate body. No less than70% of its graduate students receivedrather liberal financial aid, chiefly as as-sistants used in the large undergraduateclasses.But the advantages of the combination<of college and graduate schools must ofcourse be mutuai, benefiting the colleges aswell as the graduate schools and therein, inmy opinion, lies a great opportunity of theUniversity.There have been many diverse theories ofcollege education, but I believe we probablycould ali agree that the most important ob-jectives of college education are, first, to inspire and equip men to think out their ownway to the solution of problems confrontingthem; and second, to inspire them to exertthis power toward the fulfìlment of highideals. Another way of expressing this second objective is to say that the collegesshould give our men and women reverenceand understanding for man's noblestachievements, in literature, in his social ef-forts, in his discovery of the laws of order-liness of the Universe. The percentage offacts learned which a man carries awayfrom college at best is ludicrously small, ex-cept in one special professional field, and ina few years it is likely to dwindle to nothing.But the spirit awakened to the beauty ofliterature, be it of the Iliad or the works ofShakespeare, Goethe or Molière, the spiritaroused by the history of the liberation ofmankind from its slavery to cruel nature, tocruel superstitions, and to cruel tyrants, aspirit awakened to the revelations of modem science, such a spirit lasts through a life-time and gives to life a background ofreverence and faith in ideals which cannever be lost! Again, the power of themind trained to face and solve problems byfinding facts and by marshalling them sothat they will lead to dependable conclus-ions — this power will not be shed as a student leaves college to enter life. Now, whocould better inspire our young people fromthe very outset of their college lives withlove for the beautiful and reverence for thegreat than men and women whose produc-tive and loving work gives them first-hand knowledge of beauty of thought, whosecriticai work in history or any social sciencequalifìes them to speak with authority ongreatness? I would not take a Shorey, aLaing or a Breasted from his invaluablegraduate work, but the men who are grow-ing to be Shoreys, McLaughlins or Manlyscan and must be found, who could verywell divide their time between the collegeand the graduate school, here where theyexist in one institution! Who better caninspire our young men and women from thevery outset of their college life — for delayis deadening — with the fire of enthusiasmto find facts and assemble them into somerational formulation than men whose creative work is a daily exhibition of that veryeffort, who add the glamour of discoverersto the ability to teach ?There are no deeper, no more powerfulaspirations hidden in every youth or maidenthan the ambition to discover, than the wishto produce something fine and lasting. Appeal to these instincts from the very be-ginning of their college work by placingthem under creative scholars and discoverers, and the students will go through theburdens and disciplines of their collegelives gladly and with enthusiasm and takewith them something they will never lose.As an essential part of the program ofthis kind, courses under such leaders shouldbe open to ali students who are prepared totake them. Limiting of college classes to30 students should be relegated in themajority of instances to high-school teaching, where it properly belongs. The rushfor admission and the exclusion of themajority of students from a small unit inthe hands of a real leader, are unworthy ofUniversity standards. Obviously such aprofessor will need able assistance in han-dling large numbers. Instructors will alsobe required to teach our freshmen how tostudy, how to use our libraries and howto coordinate their work and thus to prepare them as rapidly and effectively as pos-sible for that self-reliance and independencewhich is so characteristic of American youthbut is now found, according to Dr. Flexner,in every walk of life except in school andcollege. The cost of such a University pianTHE PAST AND THE PRESENT 239would be no greater and possibly smallerthan the cost of our present system. Thenewly planned residence halls would be aninvaluable asset in the scheme.This, I believe, is the opportunity of theUniversity of Chicago. Harvard University, we know, is embarking on the greatenterprise of transplanting the English typeof college and university to Americanshores — a noble and worthy experiment.Johns Hopkins for some years, we hear,has been playing with the idea of transform-ing itself into a university of the Germantype by an amputation of its nether limbs —a criticai operation which I for one wouldrather observe elsewhere than undergo hereat the University of Chicago. But not asingle great American university has as yetendeavored to develop to the utmost itssingular opportunity for the most inspiring type of college education, resulting from theco-existence in a single institution of greatgraduate departments and great collegescrowded with eager thousands — the redblood of universities. The University ofChicago in its organization of the courseon the Nature of the World and of Man,given by men of the type I have in mind,has already taken an important and mostsuccessful step in that direction. Situatedin the heart of the American nation, whyshould it hesitate to try the experiment ofgiving to its four years of college life everylast ounce of benefit from the presence ofits great graduate faculties and, recipro-cally, of increasing the strength and research output of its graduate schools in themanning of its college chairs and thus develop to the utmost the American university.Sm& 3mE 5*& 9s£ 3mB yJBProfessors as PlaywrightsFay-Cooper Cole and Harvey BraceLemon collaborate on a dramatic portrayalof The Corning of Man, with every assur-ance that it will be neither an anthropolo-gical tragedy nor a physical farce.New Manuscript AcquisitionsFor Chicago71. Deissmann 's New Testament ManuscriptsBy Benjamin W. RobinsonProfessor of New Testament InterpretationLAST Aprii I received a letter frommy beloved teacher and friend, Pro-^ fessor Adolph Deissmann of Berlin,which proved to be the most interesting missive I have received in many a year. Theletter is too intimate for publication, but itcontained in generalthe information thatin view of the recentdeaths of several ofhis colleagues, hehad begun to won-der who after hisown death wouldpossess his twoh i g h 1 y treasuredNew TestamentGreek manuscripts.He knew of no oneelse, he wrote, tow h o m he wouldrather turn themover, and made methe offer which ledfinally to arrange-ments for insuringand shipping theprecious documents.My experiences inb r i n g i n g themthrough the U. S.Customs andthrough the red tapeof the Chicago Post Office would fili asmall hook. I shall never forget the daywhen in the drive and turmoil of the firstfloor of the Chicago Post Office my handsfinally grasped these two ancient volumesand my eyes fell upon the splendidly pre-served text of their pages.The first of the two manuscripts origi-nally contained the four Gospels (Gregory No. 231 1), dated by Gregory in the lathcentury. This manuscript consists of 95parchment leaves, 16 x 11.5 centimcters.It contains Lk. 17: 6-24: 51 and the Gc«-pel of John. It contains also extendedReading Tables. The Codex was brought,according to thestatement of theAthens merchant,from a monastery inMacedonia. It hasnot yet received anydetailed study.The pages arenumbered consecu-tively in pencil withnumerals which areplainly German.Unfortunately thisnumbering was doneby someone whocould not r e a dGreek. The pagware ali numbered up-side down, with theresult, of course,that the numberingis backward. I triedto develop a theoiythat the numberingwas done by a Hfrbrew who wouldnaturally number hi»pages in this order, beginning with what wewould cali the back. But this theory willnot fit the facts. Evidently the numberingwas done by the modem German binder.This binding has, in general, been TOTskillfully done. The originai volume so iuas I can discover contained no page numbefing. I mention later a section numberingin a different hand.Back cover of Lectionary,Shoiving cords of originai binding and theravages of a real "hook viorm."240NEW MANUSCRIPT ACQUISITIONS FOR CHICAGO 241The reading tables which form a part0f the manuscript are quite elaborate. Theyare apparently m a different hand, but evi-dently belong with the manuscript. Thelast 24 leaves are filled with these two-line or three-line directions as to what toread on each day. It was a study of thereading tables which first drew my attentionto the numbering in the margin of thetext throughout the volumes. This marginai numbering is not consecutive throughout but begins new with each Gospel. Itis entirely in red ink. A typical exampleof the numbering in the text is O (omicron)(p. 64) followed four lines later by o a(omicron alpha), then o b, and so on. Of-ten there is a further subdividing. Unders k (p- 26) occurs next s ka, skb down toskth. Then follows si (ali within onepage). The divisions have of course norelation to our chapter and verse divisionswhich were not invented until centuriesafter these manuscripts were made.As to the character of the text, there islittle that is extraordinary. The text hasbeen frequently corrected by differentturno ai'Mafm^rf/tv \c IjJ l'ioipóL'•n où ?¦ • y*' • ¦ M •» T»u | tt-r.'ìr^mp *rO»cunrt |<p> A" aùrar*- 0\j}cÌrm\4Ju^iTrT.ùsJuuuny net Vi iiiwXti èViì" • fA.trffTlT*1 o \r*-«u cn irjuu y iOT**J g/i « T» ¥• 0 vn> o^rmj».t'it-tV^vt F,ólm> P *¦&**$ ar^-T^» y «-« » 4 ° • Vrjjjnay 6*0 'ol K*>' K à->^tm p >(im>mt ò 1 ar1 Q l\tp &? th i »\r*-niarark j/l"ajarrti V .0' ¦n't/'x-T»!' aìm>|ioi »»ùV»ui>i aru»>c74pai ' U«i> at n-Tvo» « »»p twjbuio/jijjuj*!*o? où^-4^!|>oi clutow jluÌ*u<J~Jt» iV"nOQ <Jji[<aJ \27moyè-$<r tUÙ> t ¦ Cibili a^-ipcuJ<ai ojjumr*r-H'nu <n>v"Avt»p'" «rwoijTróJ^rj nu <r» u cuor» 1 f?o ¦ o vVlf à rmi 1 •i r - » n 1 -¦>">< 'A Page of the First ManuscriptJohn 6: 67—7: 4 >* C3.ji •? P- hj>£ »j,> p_*-*- f» ' •K*'i**"'"'jy!r 0~* —^ .tu —. • t- >x . c£• it?-V"Jiy' tK5'epvt»iiT"i't inwiwnrinr •leV *TÌ*A***Txraf ouajXtv a*/off-T*»aj *-?.A Page of Lectionary TablesThe ornamentation is in red and blackhands. For example, in John 1 : 32, "Thespirit descended and remained upon him,"the word "remained" was omitted by thescribe and later inserted by another butsimilar hand.Differences in spelling are numerous. Itwould "seem clear that the manuscript wascopied from dictation. There are examplesalmost without end in which the spellingfollows the sound rather than the "spellingbook" (John 7: 52; 21 : 23).The manuscript has many headings andmarginai notes of every description, mostof them in red ink (p. 76). The scribe ofthe reading tables has introduced consider-able ornamentation (See illustration No.2).As to the history of the manuscript, thereseems to be little definite information.There is no reason to doubt the word ofthe man who sold it to Professor Deissmannin 1906 that it had been in the possessionof a monastery in Macedonia. A compar-ison of the page and hand of this manuscript with that of the RockefellerMcCormick MS shows at once the striking242 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE^C**rbyax»' *t«*>*» -n» v t "ri <HV V\ *V ¦• •»¦ 'ify fi y *iw »-Tt) '»i<t*TO)ié X&poym>w«fcf-vAox*»**^ •munt**»*!* t«Fjlrf**''*1 ****** ''«rf t6 timi -v*»-»-) «r^Oy d>c**r6» ««X1f- « » au «mu Wt*JWV T ;tr«a.i et u y *v^»* *j rr *r<5j^-rn»*»nov g$ gKX^v.V;-Ti <r ó ma/* *fVtn» € y« v^ie Usrpo rr&fo nW «^«ijT:Beginning of the Gospel of Matthew7*A(? jz'zf of the page is 11 by 8 inchessimilarity together with considerable dif-ferences. Professor Willoughby has ex-pressed a tentative opinion that theDeissmann MS is perhaps a century olderthan that remarkable MS.Written then about 1160 in Constanti-nople, it was purchased by a monastery inMacedonia, and kept there until the modeminterest in manuscripts brought it into thehands of the Athenian who sold it in 1906to Professor Deissmann who now hashanded it on to me. I spend many happyhours with it. It fascinates me, and mystudents catch something of the spirit ofresearch which hovers around it.The second of these manuscripts is a lec-tionary (Gregory No. Li 564), that is, acollection of selected paragraphs from theGospels. For in the old day books werenot as cheap as now and such books of choiceselections were very common. It belongsto the i3th century. It contains 33 largeparchment leaves, 27 x 19.2 centimeters,with perfectly preserved, big, clearwriting.The Codex carne, according to the state ment of the seller in Athens, from a monastery in the Peloponnesus. It has not yetbeen studied in detail.This Manuscript has, like the other one,been very carefully and skillfully bound.The modem binding has preserved the an-cient binding even to the strings whichoriginally held the leaves. The ancientcovers show the ravages of worms whichfed upon them, giving a vivid idea of whata so-called "book-worm" really is or was.I was pointing to the cover one day andexplaining to a student that those wereworms which had eaten the cover. He puthis nose dose down to the cover and said,"I don't see any worms! Where are they?"The selections average a little less thana page each. The lectionary may be ap-proximately complete. It begins with selections from John. Later comes a groupfrom Matthew, then a group from Luke.Incidentally it supports the idea that theGospel of John has been the favorite Gospelof Christian disciples in every age. Notonly does John come first, but has by farthe largest number of selections.The editor had no feeling against includ-«K*Ap«ék.<fpea-Ì*-^J*JiJÓxmy<*A>*tìr''36|/T»ier (t^i^jjuw tjjy •o'i ò >c\oi é "«rr» «4^' x^^nBÙ; o*ri «. y* s«uol «u h y\o -\> no «-«jH*«V Kflu oith <ruy<wf» Y* * HV «"-f flèr é X7»yf¦ary i -^-»t m^o yi"o yKOB TVHv« Kani^i•<?*» HV<P® ¥**+&*>'k <»' ntWh v<*?'+- pive • -\( roy* 7v> M-no *fr* "ri ¦j<.<ùo| •^•^wt 3t«*"wyh"»' y i a 1/ e 1 V «n >*^ V» y p? £A "Wy«J *«n"j mnj,>**"^y <*^4^aìi eu> id )( •x*»f(^C y ( *n »^»m' ^^ *" f "^Tip»-y mur ' k«* <JM V ^r^\«Ì'Aloyy»arrpoer *j>&MJ\vìb • \é miT^B' "Ho"rv-o'nffo'uncotM ò*ric y*r*^*/1 •ni(fTTiry«o J-uojiirly,K»» «' 3>f w y i-frr -'co <<it(i* e x<f y «-•„, ' -* < .-.— * V '• é (^taer 0 1 w ' nr«»fi «i *p« p3 V>H»»f nyyi«r*-f«-r*f t't -^-* v ^/''''Wy a r« «iS^ TWj -«anraf «* mTy A»'*** » y*0 A* «• \l 4 IO «-ara v» » j,; rc^ oaovrui >»»• *»r6Beginning of the Gospel of LukeThe ornamentai headìng is detailed andelaborateNEW MANUSCRIPT ACQUISITIONS 243ing a section from Matthew (rightly la-belled) among his selections from John.There are many instances of such crossing.The first reading is John i : 1-Ì.7. Thefirst page has a carefully decorated heading, going entirely across the page. Laterheadings cover only one column.The Matthew heading on leaf 24 (Seeillustration) reads "Beginning of the Gospelof Matthew." Similarly the Luke headingof leaf 38 (Illustration). In the case ofthe Luke heading the word "Gospel," thatis "Evangelist," is spelled quite differentlyfrom that of the Matthew heading.There are two general ways of intro-ducing the readings. A heading in red inkusually reads "From the Gospel of John"or other Gospel. The name of the Gospelis written out, or abbreviated, accordingto the whim of the scribe. Then followsProf. E. W. Puttkammer, J.D. '17, gavehis illustrated lecture covering his travelsin Africa, at a luncheon of the Law SchoolAssociation on January 24, 1929? at theMorrison Hotel. The first part of the talkcovered the experiences of himself and par-ents crossing the Mediterranean and thenorth part of Africa until the Sahara Desertwas reached. usually this introductory phrase: "At thattime." Then follows the passage.The othér introduction consists of nam-ing the Gospel in the same way, then con-tinuing "The Lord said :" or "Jesus said.""Lord" and "Jesus" are usually abbreviated.There is a f reedom from literalism whichis quite refreshing. The scribe does nothesitate to insert a word or two to get theright start with his narrative. Often theword "Jesus" or "Lord" is inserted in thisway in the middle of a gospel sentence.The Matthew sections begin with 5:42"Give to one who asks you." This is notthe beginning of a paragraph in our moderaversions. The selection of these passages,of moral precept and the airy f reedom ofthe whole hook makes one wonder why wedo not make more use of lectionaries today.The rest of the lecture was illustrated byviews of the trip into the desert, showingthe types of individuate, buildings, andscenery encountered there. Mr. Putt-kammer's ability to see the worthwhile,and to describe it in words that carry thescene with them, has been demonstrated be-fore to the Association, but this talk was themost interesting of ali.<££ Ce ÌH[ ÌH[ iHE ÌHLProf. Puttkammer Lectures on AfricaThe Late Flovd Russell Mechem"It is a beautiful spirit that has gone from among us."244Sojourn on a SummitBy Henry Justin Smith, '98IV1.THE students — what were they like?The Lowlander never did flnd out.Sometimes they seemed to be theraison dfetre of the whole place. As thepamphleteers have it: "The university hasno other duty, at least no greater duty, thanto set Youth on the right course."At other times, the students, especiallythe young ones, appeared outlined againstthis background of solemn buildings, thisheavy body of science, these laboring giantswith their heads in the clouds, like butter-flies skittering before a mountain rampart.They were like mere spots of color. Theywere transients in a domain of permanencies.2.Being a generation removed, the Lowlander was afflicted with surprise, and witha sort of melancholy, over the appallingyouth of the undergraduate. Whenever soafflicted, he blamed himself and the brutalyears alone.What, did they admit infants to collegenowadays? Could these boyish faces, thesechildish voices and costumes, belong toseekers for academic degrees? The re-turned alumnus, with a racking of memory,remembered class mates whom he consid-ered brawny, hairy-chested, worldly, even"tough." He looked upon photographsof them, groups showing the glee club or'the team," and, sure enough, some of thosefellows wore beards ! Where could there befound today an under-classman with evenside whiskers ? And how much those men ofthe 'go's knew! They could argue ali nightabout the future life. No students did thatnow, surely not.Students, now, seemed like masqueraders,like little boys and girls wearing characterdress, and at the same time, after lots ofrehearsal, acting the parts of ladies andgentlemen, of men and women who "knewlife." But they had quaint inconsistencies.They sought, in the same moment, to implythat they were adults, and to "be them- selves." Boasting a great knowledge of theworld, suggesting by their manner that theyhad plumbed the depths of experience, theybetrayed themselves by doing leap-frog onthe lawn, or by going around hatless.Most of them wore an armor of defianceand of self-reliance. Some even looked"tough," like the students of the naughty'90's — a few were "tough," if rumor stoodfor anything. The Lowlander knew thatrumor was doing ali it could to paint thecollegian with a coat of scandal; but itseemed to him that, for every one who de-served so exciting a description there werea thousand who were only under-developed.Not only that, but puzzled, timid, appre-hensive. Many appeared oppressed, not bymoral conflicts, but by tomorrow's "exam,"or whether to wear a tuxedo. On thequadrangle, they generally seemed to be con-ferring heatedly in groups, or, on the stair-landings of lecture halls, arranging myste-rious plans; or standing thoughtfully, evendejectedly, in line before a window fromwhich reference books were issued. Theroutine was ever before them. Time sched-ules, reading lists, grades, credits, averages,questionnaires, term bills, library cards,"gym" duty ... A terrific life to live.Worse than clerking in a mail-order house.Worse than a Ford factory.The breathless and anxious student,therefore, was much easier to flnd, at leastby a returned alumnus, than the immobile,the contemplative, or even the skylarking,student. One could not think of them aspursuing primrose paths, or gulping was-sail in somebody's rooms, or strolling in themoonlight.They never strolled. When they hadtime, they cranked some fellow's batteredcoupé, and, with six passengers for fourseats and chaps standing on the running-board, they tote through the night withterrific uproar.3.A fraternity house.It stands in a row of similar brick man-245246 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsions, once grandiose, once occupied, prob-ably, by a professor with "means."Ascending the wide, dignified, stonesteps, a visitor comes into an entrance hallrather meagerly furnished, but neat, andwith mysterious trophies as a frieze. Em-blems, banners, portraits of heroes.A tinny phonograph is grinding out jazz.It never stops.There is a sun porch, in which a youth,sunken into a morris chair, sits solitary withhis pipe. Poor lad ! Should one interrupthis brief f reedom from the iron collar?He hops up."Oh, Brother— , class of 189—? Gladto see you, sir."(Alasi that "sir.")"The rest of the chaps are upstairs, study-ing. Lunch served soon. Will you wait?"Nice boy, this- He is a preliminarysketch of a man who will make a very goodbanker or advertising manager, some day.Maturity is beginning to fight off boyhood. . . He is a senior, it seems. He lets it beknown that he has the distinction of writingthe "Wheezes" column in the student daily ;is also treasurer of the musical comedy company; is an assistant marshal, and an "ab-bot." He is very, very polite and adult.Other youths, short, tali, lean, chubby,lounge into the room. They are ali care-fully introduced, and ali say "sir." Cannothing break down this barrier ?Lunch fails to do it.The lunch is served at two long tables.Before sitting down, these students whoDown There are pictured as alcoholic mad-men, or as profane imbeciles, or as cynicalloungers, join in a sort of semi-religiousfraternity chant. They take it seriously.Food is then served, and flung into mouths.A few cigarettes are lighted."Doesn't everybody smoke?""Only about half the boys — sir."From down the table: "How is the cam-paign for funds getting along?""Why, are you interested — ""Of course."The Lowlander has made a "break."Another youth inquires: "How is thePresidente health? We heard — " Somebody digs an elbow into this inquisitive one. A youth dose at hand re-marks :"Of course, we hardly ever see thePresident, but I don't mind telling you,I have a lot of respect for that man.""You act as though you thought thatwas a remarkable remark, Johnny.""Kid me if you want to I know thePresident is old, and grand, and superior,and everything ; but — well, what I mean is,he's a hundred per cent."With this, he blushes."What do you think of Dean F— ?»This is the dean of the colleges."Why, he's a good scout," says one. "Hemeans well," smiles another . . . "He setme back a term, but I forgive him," grinsa third,"He seems to fight the drinking problempretty hard," ventures the Lowlander.Glances are exchanged."Drinking, sir?" from a youth who pro-trudes a long neck."I'm afraid you've been reading thepapers, sir," offers a goblin at the Low-lander's elbow."Don't you drink, you fellows?""Why, Good Lord, of course a mancan't go to a friend's home without takinga shot, but here in The House, why it isn't— the faculty advisor would be on our necksin a minute."(Is this a dream?)"Play poker in the house?""No," comes the reply, politely, but dis-dainfully.(In the old days, poker for 72 hours ata time; chips and cigarette ash ali overthe living-room. And John used to souseBiU's head with water, to keep him awake.)"Bridge is the game nowàdays,'' explainsa tali youth. "When we have time," headds."You see, sir," further explains a quietfellow with glasses, "when it comes toboozing, that's a social proposition nowa-'days. Not the spree it was once, or soFve heard. Well, we don't play the socialgame here. Except at our semi-annualdances. This is more like a home "SOJOURN ON A SUMMIT 247"And an office," puts in another."Honest, sir, there's no form of merri-ment after eight o'clock, five days a week.When would we work? ... I don't knowwhat your idea of us is, but what we wantjs to grab our exit cards and get out intojobs. We don't want to spend our wholelives here — so you see, we work."Perf ectly lucid ; perf ectly incredule.Was the Lowlander being spoofed? Orhad colleges, or at least fraternity houses,really changed? The youths around thetables, even those out of range of the visitor, certainly bore no traces of ali-nightcarousing. They indulged in no horse-play; no pouring water down the back ofnecks, nor thrusting pins into calves. Theymunched and quaffed stolidly, now andthen exchanging some morsel of campusnews. Presently they ali broke out intosong. Lifting their faces, leaning back intheir chairs, they shouted the verses andchorus of some fraternity ballad. Theywere in dead earnest about this. Therewas a moral to the song. They took ithard. As songsters they were terrible ; butthey seemed less like children now. Theywere more like future Rotary men, whoalso sing moralistic chants, and take themseriously.The Lowlander went away, stili won-dering, "Are they really like that?"4-. ,Tea in a "woman's hall!"It is an old building, simply and taste-fully furnished. In the middle of the halldown-stairs, under a portrait of the firstdean of women, the hostess offers a greet-ing without any flourishes, and her younglady assistants briefly bow. It's nothingremarkable to have visitors. Nothing isremarkable. None of your skittish babytricks about these young women.At tea one's neighbor talks about hermaster's thesis, which is about Peruvianart. What do you know of Peruvian art?Nothing. The young lady "grad. student"is inclined to drop you.They ali look pretty serious about something. They are anything but "wild." The hostess explains, after the plain andnot too lavish food is consumed :"Of course, in this hall we have largelythe older women students . . . They don'tlook old to you, naturally ... In someof the halls are younger ones, but they'reabout the same — about the same. Thetendency is toward athletics. Have you seenthe beautiful women's clubhouse? Youshould look in at the gym., some time, when— Ah, here's Mr. Tremarne."Mr. Tremaine, an emeritus professor,has come to teli the young ladies aboutold days in the quadrangle."Oh, yes, they have almost completefreedom here," goes on the hostess, afterMr. Tremaine has been supplied with asandwich. "No curfew; not a bit of it.Why, the residents have latch keys.Trouble . . . Have you heard of anylately?"Another visitor makes a humorous refer-ence to smoking. The hostess does notsmile."Smoke if they like . . . Private matter. . Not in public, naturally. We try toimpress them that smoking is a matter ofconduct."She is somewhat short about it.Emeritus Professor Tremaine makes histalk, rather quaveringly, and with partiallysentimental allusions to the good old days.The young lady auditors are patient withhim; laugh at his ponderous jokes.A piano is played. The hostesses re-form,and farewells are said.Again the Lowlander murmured to himself : "It can't be true. Why the novelistsYet it may be that the college worldis — well, just a world, with the same pro-portions of madcaps, no more ; and that, saythe sociologists, is a low ratio after ali.5.If the old-time spree had gone (theLowlander remembered Saturday nightswhen ali the store Windows were brokenalong a certain Street) so, apparently, hadsentiment.Practical, realistic, sapient, appeared the248 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcollege men and women too, in this new age.The Lowlander had at least one glimpseof them in class. He was the target ofone discussion. Enduring this, he realizedthat the students were, in unexpected ways,wiser than he had supposed; better readthan he himself. On some subjects, any-how. They knew Freud, and Dewey, andHavelock Ellis, and Anatole France, andUpton Sinclair. Their views seemed de-rived from the radicals. It was clear thatthey were suspicious of many matters whichtheir prototypes had swallowed whole ; andlikewise that they could down many abitter mouthful from which those others hadturned away in disgust. They were prettywell agreed that capitalism was some sortof curse (though in a few years several ofthem would be capitalista themselves). Itwas also apparent, without much beingsaid about it, that orthodoxy, in religion orphilosophy, stood no chance at ali withthem. They spoke of love as a biologicalaccident.Perhaps the classes from which such ìm-pressions were drawn were special ones —those "groupings of the abler students" ofwhich the Lowlander began to hear. Thefreshmen surely must be much like earlierfreshmen. Yet in even the youngest facethere were intimations of a knowledge ofimportant matters quite unexplored by thefledgelings of the '90's.The older ones were, comparatively, in-tellectual giants, no less. They had beenturned out to forage in fields stili tracklesswhen the century dawned. They had beenguided into great temples of science, thereto receive denials of many ancient super-stitions, to witness marvels of physiologyor dramas of changing matter. They wereranging the laboratories. They were, veryoften, "laboratory subjects" themselves.Instead of seeing life and its terrible secretsthrough the eyes of romancers and hearingit described in euphemistic "lectures," theywere viewing it squarely, and without fear,through microscopes and recording in theirnotebooks its actual writhings, its tragicdeaths, its amazing births. In history theywere experiencing, daily, the collapse of good old-fashioned beliefs as to who startedthe wars, and who profited by them. Theywere watching the stripping of hero's robesfrom famous backs. They were being dis-illusionized about characters like Solomon,and Moses, and the apostolic writers, andAristotile, and Galileo, and Sir WalterRaleigh, and George Washington, andGeneral Grant.These students, so lately infants, kinder-gartners, school children, were having nothing sweetened or softened for them. Itseemed a wonder that they lost so little ofthe trustful candor of children. Why didthey not become, at once, cold, cynicalwielders of the scalpel, materialists, ma-chines ?It was because the University offered, aswell, the teachings which proceed fromfaith — a faith fortified, not destroyedby science — and because continually beforethem, expressed in every lovely nook andangle of the Citadel itself, there was beauty.He or she, the student, the "co-ed" of news-paper head-lines, could not fail, unless hope-lessly crass, to absorb something from thedivine dignity of those towers, to be poeti-cally affected by the sight of those jeweledmorning mists, to be led into reverie by theperfume laden breezes of the evenings, thoseevenings when, in the great courts andamong the mystic shadows of the buildings,the leaves, tinted by lights, rustled so ex-quisitely.There was ali this.And there was also the President.6.He was always there, either in iancy or invisible fact. Perhaps many of them hadnever seen him, or had seen him only once.But he was realized as an idea, a symbol who— unlike God — they knew existed, could ap-pear if he chose. He was like Alma Mater.Few could describe that conception. Alibelieved in it.As often as he could, he appeared.He was visible on "great days," s%ich asthe annual football battle with a certainother university ... A great sight,really! These steel and concrete stands,SOJOURN ON A SUMMIT 249crammed to the last inch with half-mad par-tisans, and decorated with gigantic splashes0f costume color; the band, a huge bandwith the "largest bass drum ever made"parading, the field in triumph, or defiance ;the amazing acres of parked motor-cars;the Oceanie waves of sound. Ali this, inperfect tune with the age, with its lavish-ness, its hard glamor, its suggestion ofmoney and its blaring voice. Into the midstof the uproar the President would come.He was no man to occupy his box with atriumphal entry. Rather, he would walkin at the gate, his young man secretary athis elbow, and perhaps quietly crrcle thefield between the "halves;" or he wouldpay a visit to the team, breathing hard in itsquarters. He would shake a few hands inthe boxes, and depart. Few had seen him.Thousands had known he was there.Or let it be the annual musical comedy,the year's most unfettered occasion of highjinks and jibes at the faculty. Your student, a new one maybe, sitting in his cheapseat far back in the hall, would see a slimgrey man enter a box ... A whisper,"The President!" The grey brows wouldbe jutting over eyes which softened as theylooked down upon ali that hall-full oflaughing faces, that garden of smartly oos-tumed "first nighters." . . . Let the fungo on, he seemed to say; let them have thebig lark. If a few professorial feelingsshould be hurt Perhaps he would even buy a rose fromone of the flower-girls in the hall.7-Then back to his study, to his reports andhis charts.But they saw him in his best hour, in hismost striking expression of the Summit,when he chose to "say a few words" inchapel.There was seldom any ritual or staginessabout it. Chapel, like everything else, hadbeen systematized. Each student habit-ually fell into an appointed seat. Everyminute was conserved. There was no'rustie of expectation," no disorder. Thefong rows of half-fledged creatures simply sat and waited, and one who sat amongthem could feel little sense of their varietyand their vigor, as one did seeing themthronging the campus. Yet, viewed fromthe platform, this array of faces must havepresented a thrilling picture of the com-position of a great democratic school. Forthe heads were not ali sleek, nor the tailor-ing always precise; nor were the faces aliwhite, but some were black, and some wereyellow. Negroes and Chinese, Armenians,Hindus, and Filipinos, made darker spotsin that blonde tapestry of faces. Thoughhaving their dose social groups elsewhere,such alien races as these were, in the chapelassociation, merged in a way that destroyedbarriers.Only a few seconds' wait, and then theluscious crimson curtains behind the stagewould part, and three gowned figures wouldappear: A dean, a chaplain, and the President. After five minutes of preliminaryceremony, that slender black-clad figurecrowned by silver hair would step forwardto the reading desk. He would cast quickbut pensive glances over the ranks and ranksof beings who had just set foot on the pathsof experience he had trod so long. Ifone were far back, away from that somberfigure, the impression might be that he wastoo high up, and too distant, to offer anycomradeship to these half-wild youngsters.But dose at hand, one could catch the lightof affection, of sympathy, in his deep blueeyes.And the words would be very simplewords, such as:"You are not simply preparing for life.You are living; and you are preparing tolive only in the sense that each stage of lifeis a preparation for the next . . . Acquirethe art of social living."Or:"No amount of scholarship can atone forlack of character. The University aims toproduce men and women who can playhonorably and well their part in life."Knowing perfectly how difficult it is tosustain the serious note with such an audience, how difficult to suggest devoutthought, the President would nevertheless250 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEspeak strictly in the language of the Summit. He was, at the moment, a preacherunsure of making a single convert; an ad-visor maladroit, for ali he could teli; asort of parent yearning to communicate wis-dom, but conscious of ears unwilling tolisten.A somewhat diffident man he was, too;a creature meant, it may be, to live moresolitary than this; a worn, rather saddenedspirit standing there alone before a crowdlightsome and restless débutants, and try-ing to speak to them from his hoard ofknowledge and aspiration.But ineffective? No, not that.For it was something they would re-member sometimes, — not the words, but thepicture. They might, even at the moment,realize that to hear this voice, to receive,in place of the less vibrant words of theDean, sentences so full of feeling and ur-gency, was "an example.""It is in a University concerned forscholarship, for consideration for the individuai, for social mindedness, for char-acter, and for religion, that I welcome youto full membership," they would hear."May every day add to the richness of yourslives."And then he would sink again into hisgreat chair; there would be a prayer; thePresident and the others would disappearthrough the folds of the crimson curtain;and ali those children would escape into thebrilliance of sunshine and the free air.8.They had "seen him."It must have been that even the presidentfelt the f utility of trying to know the students. As for the Lowlander, he happened towalk along one of the paths on an autumnmorning with a youth who was said to bevery much of a rebel; "wild as a hawk," hisreputation had it. Leading spirit not onlyin a "radicai society," but in city adven-tures rather scandalous.What a reticent, smooth-faced, incom-prehensible lad he was! And how polite!Yes, the campus was very beautiful thisyear. No, it was not much trouble tokeep up to a passing grade . . . Only,.why should one bother to do it?"You take an interest in dramatics?""No sir; not the college kind.""You write, *though, they teli me."A flitting smile, rather disdainful.He had a way of walking along softly,.and looking neither to right nor left. Hegreeted one or two acquaintances with aflicker of the lips.Well, on the whole, nothing salient aboutthis youth ; nothing very interesting, in fact."Overplayed," that reputation of his. Amilky sort of young man, just a triflecurdled.But a year or two later the Lowlanderread a novel — a sort of novel — writtenby this same young man, and in it weresuch lurking beauties, such strange ghostsof thought, such traces of mental transportand zest of life and agony of disappoint-ment that the Lowlander knew he hadwholly, disgracefully, failed to discern whatkind of young man this was.How many others were there who hadeluded the kindliest efforts to catch them offtheir guard, and "understand" them? Whowere they, after ali?Often such a question must have haunteòtthe renective hours of deans and presidenteThe University Establishes a NewAdministrative OfficeBy W. H. CowleyExecutive Secretary, The Board of Vocational Guidance and PlacementLATE in 1927 a new University department, the Board of VocationalGuidance and Placement, set upshop. By vote of the Trustees the newboard carne into existence the precedingspring, and by fall it had been allottedoffice space on the second floor of CobbHall. Although a large number of alumnialready know of our work, a large numberof others have not as yet heard of us. Thisarticle finds its way into print that theselatter, too, may be taking advantage of ourservices.Four administrative responsibilitieshave been assigned this new department:the placement of teachers, the placement ofrecent graduates in business, the placementof students in part-time positions whilein residence, and the vocational guidance ofundergraduates who have not decided upontheir careers. Teachers placement had beenunder the direction of the Board of Recom-mendations; business and part-time placement had been managed by the EmploymentBureau; but vocational guidance had neverbefore been undertaken officially by theUniversity.Merging the activities of the disbanded .Board of Recommendations and Employment Bureau, the new organization activelybegan its work on September 1, 1927. Thetheory of the merger is that of concentra-tion. Both the Board of Recommendationsand the Employment Bureau were offeringplacement services to students and alumni.To concentrate and to centralize seemed topromise improved efficiency, and, moreover,only with a single placement organizationdid it seem possible to undertake the difficultwork of vocational guidance. Here in moredetail is a summary of the four services thenew office performs for the University andfor University students past and present. I. Educational PlacementEach year the University graduates inthe neighborhood of one hundred andtwenty-five doctors, three hundred masters,and two hundred bachelors, who seek teaching or administrative positions in the educational institutions of the country. Eachyear another two hundred doctors, six hundred masters, and five hundred bachelorsseek to move on to better positions. Tobring the right teaching job and the rightalumnus or student together is what onemeans by educational placement. We goabout this work by registering those seekingpositions — both students in residence andalumni — and by having it known through-out the educational world that we helpschools and colleges find people for instruc-tional and administrative positions. Lastyear we had six hundred resident studentsand one thousand alumni rcgistered withus for teaching, administrative, and research positions. For this total of ap-proximately sixteen hundred alumni andstudents we sought to make contacts so thateach might find the position in which hewould be most likely to use his training andexperience to the best advantage. Of thesesixteen hundred we placed or helped placeabout five hundred.Registration with the Board makes itpossible for a student or alumnus to use ourplacement service at any time during histeaching career. We keep permanentrecords which stay in our files until tenyears after the last date that we hear froma registrant. At the time of one's originairegistration we collect credentials which webring up to date every year that the alumnusrequests our help in finding him a position.This continuity is an important fact aboutour work. A registration with the board is2512.52 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEa life-tìme registration. Once on our listswe are ready to help an alumnus not only byputting him back on our active lists at hisrequest, but also by making resommenda-tions even though the alumnus has neverindicated that he wants to be consideredfor something better. In no sense do weconceive our work as job-filling. Ratherwe exist to see that people trained at theUniversity of Chicago are in positions inwhich they can most effectively use theirabilities.But our service to students and alumniis not the whole story. We also serve thefaculty by relieving them of a large amountof detail work involved in placement, andfurthermore,, we serve as a centrai office towhich college and school administrators maycome directly when seeking Chicago people.Last year twenty-two hundred positionswere reported to us. To help inquiring institutions find the people they sought, wemade several thousand recommendations,sent out from our office about eight thousandsets of credentials, arranged for hundredsof interviews between registrants and pro-spective employers, and generally put ourservices at the disposai of numberless smallerinstitutions ali over the United States. University of Chicago students are teaching inevery state of the Union, and in not a fewforeign countries. The service offered toschool and college administrations by theBoard of Vocational Guidance and Placement has not a little to do with this widedispersion of our graduates.To give a thoroughly complete picture ofour educational placement work we shouldperhaps list another service : the administra-tion of the officiai tutoring lists of the University. Students seeking tutors or seekingto be tutors may come to us for help. Inthe same way we take care of translatingwork. Anything that has to do with teaching skill we handle whether it be an hour'stutoring in spelling or whether it be findinga high grade full professor.In general our educational placementservice extends in three directions: to students, to the faculty, and to other institu tions. We conceive of our job as an im-portant link in educational economy. Because of our office large numbers of studentsand alumni every year find teaching positions without expense. Because of our office the faculty are saved from the bulk ofdetail work involved in finding studentspositions. Because of our office, furthermore, administrators in schools and collegesthroughout the country are able to findUniversity of Chicago trained people fortheir instructional and administrative staffswith a minimum of trouble and at no expense. We are a service bureau servingeveryone concerned with teachers placement.2. Business PlacementThe business placement program of theUniversity has never been carried on ex--tensively heretofore because comparativelyfew of our students have sought businesspositions. Now that the numbers are in-creasing, we are developing a program whichis similar to teachers placement in its general set up, with the exception that ourcontacts are with business concerns ratherthan with educational institutions.We expect during the current year tohave on our lists at least three hundred students, men and women, who are interestedin finding opportunities in the businessworld. Already we have made arrange-ments with a dozen concerns outside Chicago to send rep resentati ves to the University to meet students, and we are havingit published among Chicago employers thateach year a large number of University ofChicago students are available for businesspositions. We expect in time that this partof our work will be as important as teachersplacement, although we very likely willnever have the numbers that we expect al-ways to have for teaching positions.3. Part-time PlacementThe part-time placement program of theUniversity has been in operation for manyyears. Some form or other of part-timeplacement service has existed at the University since its founding, and the BoardTHE UNIVERSITY ESTABLISHES A NEW ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE 255f Vocational Guidance and Placement hasmerely taken over and centralized in itsorganization the work formerly done by thegmployment Bureau. During the yearabout two thousand students come to ouroffices seeking help in supporting themselveswhile in residence at the University. Wehave on our staff a man and a woman whodevote the major part of their time tohelping these students make contacts bymeans of which they can earn ali or part oftheir expenses.Positions of ali sorts are reported to usrequiring students with many varieties ofability. We have calls for stenographersand young women to take care of children,,for men to act as night clerks in hotels,waiters, messengers, sign painters, chauf-feurs, special policemen, and occasionallyeven as artists' models.We hope with alumni co-operation todevelop this part of our work. We needa great many more permanent part-timepositions as distinguished from temporarypart-time positions. Acting as a hotel clerkfor part of the day or evening throughoutthe year is an example of a permanent part-time position. A temporary part-time position would be washing Windows or shovel-ing snow, or doing any sort of odd job. Theformer type of position goes on for weeksor months. The latter may last but a dayor a few hours. We are ever on the alertfor more of the former type. It is moresatisfactory for the student and for us ifwe can place him at the beginning of theyear once and for ali. Some day perhapswe shall have enough permanent part-timejobs to go round. For the present we dis-tribute the temporary jobs among the hun-dreds on our lists. It is our hope thatalumni in Chicago will report to us as manygood part-time and tutoring positions asthey happen across or may be able to develop for us.Each month we place approximately twohundred students in part-time positions bymeans of which they are able to defray alior part of their University expenses. Onecan appreciate the endless amount of workinvolved in this phase of our activities. Calls come in at ali hours of the day andevening, and often the placement counselordoing the work must telephone a dozendifferent people before finding a studentavailable for a particular piece of workwhich may not pay more than forty centsan hour. Because the person seeking helpexpects service and because dozens of students very much need the money (eventhough any one of them may be difficult tofind at a given moment) no opportunity isever allowed to slip by if there is any pos-sibility that a student may be found to earnthe money involved — be it but a fractionof a dollar.4. Vocational GuidanceA large number of undergraduates inevery college have no idea of where theyare vocationally headed. A conservativeestimate is that every other undergraduateman and two out of three undergraduatewomen come to commencement with vagueideas of their goals. To help these students solve their problem is what one meansby vocational guidance. It means helpingthe student analyze his aptitudes, abilities,emotional predilections, limitations, andmotivations. It means helping him take aninventory of himself. In the broad itmeans aiding the student in the importantproblem of giving direction to his energiesand his career.In no sense does vocational guidancemean advising a student what he ought todo. Unfortunately most people conceiveof vocational guidance in some such light.Instead the vocational counselor with theaid of modem psychological tèchniques seeksto help the student discover the most sig-nificant facts about himself ; and with theseon the table before him, it isn't difficult topian a career which will take advantage ofhis abilities and avoid his weaknesses.Vocational Guidance also involves put-ting at the disposai of the student clear-cutdescriptions of careers. Unfortunately veryfew such descriptions are available. It ispart of our job to produce more of them bydoing the necessary research ourselves orby encouraging other agencies to make the254 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEneeded investigations. The student who isstruggling with the problem of deciding be-tween law and banking or between account-ing and advertising should be able to compare one field with another. Vocationalmonographs are the answer. Very few goodmonographs are available now, and thesooner more are written the better.An efficient vocational guidance program,moreover, requires that the vocationalcounselor know of and use when necessarythe tests which psychologists and other research students have developed for discover-ing individuai differences. Most of thetests thus far developed are not especiallyapplicable to vocational guidance. This istrue chiefly because few people have devotedmuch time to developing vocational guidance techniques. If we here at the University of Chicago are to do an efficientvocational guidance job we must be con-cerned with experimenting and perfectinginstruments of precision which may be em-ployed in aiding students to discover fundamental facts about themselves.Obviously Vocational Guidance is not asimple job. One can understand why theUniversity goes slowly in setting up its program. The fact of the matter is that theBoard at one of its meetings early this yeardecided that we would not undertake vocational guidance until July i, 1930, becausewe cannot do a good job until we have donea great deal of preliminary exploring. Wehope the time is not very far off when everystudent of the University of Chicago willhave an opportunity to discuss with expertshis problem of orientating himself to theeconomie world. Before such a day comes,however, a great deal of research must beundertaken. When we begin our program,however, on July 1, 1930, we expect to es-tablish a clinic which will go slowly atfirst, but which in time will flourish as aneffective organization influencing not onlystudents' careers after they leave college,but also their work while in residence.This, in general, constitutes the work ofthe newest administrative unit of the Uni versity : The Board of Vocational Guidanceand Placement. In business terminologywe are the sales department of the University : we sell the product. And we not onlysell the product, but we also service it before it leaves the University (vocationalguidance) and after it goes out into the field('alumni placement). At present ouralumni relations are almost exclusively withalumni in the teaching profession, but as ourbusiness placement work develops, we shallbe in touch with large numbers of alumniin business.Our work reaches out to/a great manypeople. For one reason or another twenty-one hundred students carne to our officeduring the month of January, 1929. Another four hundred alumni wrote in forour services. Of the twenty-one hundredstudents in residence who carne in person,sixteen hundred sat down for interviewswith some member of the staff. When thebusy days of Aprii, May, June, and Julycome, we shall very likely be havingtwenty-five hundred interviews a month, be-sides arranging for several hundred between students and prospective employers.Our work, moreover, constitutes an im-portant economie aid to University of Chicago people. The University supports ouroffice among other reasons so that we maysave students the fees otherwise they wouldhave to pay should they depend upon commercial agencies. The volume of moneywe save students and alumni may beestimated when one multiplies the usuai Rvehundred placements the board makes a yearby the average commercial fee of one hundred dollars. Considering teachers placement alone we are saving University of Chicago people about $50,000 a year. That isto say, did our office not exist, Universityof Chicago people would every year be pay-ing out in the neighborhood of $50,000 tocommercial agencies. In the grand totalof money saved students and alumni by ouroffice must also be reckoned the value indollars of our part-time and business placement services. Were we functioning on aprofit basis, we should be turning over aTHE FRESHMAN CLASS 1928-1929 255splendid yearly return on our budgetary investment.To balance this very tangible financialservice, there is an intangible, but perhapsequally important aspect of our work: tomany alumni and to hundreds of other institutions our office is the University of Chicago. Innumerable alumni have relation-ships after they leave the quadrangles withno University representative except a placement officer on the staff of our board. Like-wise hundreds of smaller colleges and universities and thousands of schools know ofthe University of Chicago only by reputa tion and through their contacts with ouroffice.One sees immediately the important public and alumni relationships work we per-form. As we conduct our office so is theUniversity of Chicago known to thousandsof alumni and hundreds of school and college administrators. It goes without sayingthat since we see the innumerable ramifi-cations of our work, we strive continuouslyto achieve an efficiency which will earn thecordial support of the alumni body and thecontinued confidence of employers seekingUniversity of Chicago graduates.The Freshman Class 1 928-1929By George R. MoON, Assistant to the University ExaminerTHE composition of the Freshmanclass of 1928-29 was studied fromtheir application blanks. For severalyears the University has been collecting, inadvance, a variety of information on eachapplicant. This information has been usedin the Examiner's Office for admission pur-poses and has then been filed in the Dean'sOffice for the use of the students' advisers.The following data have been summa-rized from these blanks as filed in DeanBoucher's Office:The members of the group appear to rep-resent children of men in practically alivocations. In order to summarize andpresent the materials it was necessary to domuch grouping. However, the followingpercentages show in a fairly exact way theparental occupations as listed by the applicant: merchant— 21.7%, salesman — 9.4%,skilled trades — 7.8 % , manufacturing —7-3%, civil service and transportation —6.2%, education — 5.5%, engineering —4-0%, doctor — Z&%, real estate business—3.8%, lawyer— 3.6%, farmer — 3-5%,banking — 2.5%, contracting — 2.3%, advertising and journalism — 2.3%. The follow-mg occupational groups ranged from 2 downto 1%, in the order given: clergyman,laborer, scientist, and clerical worker. Thehst of those including less than 1 % follows in the order of rank : dentist, public account-ant, architect, musician, personal service,theater business, secretary, and actor. Thisinformation was not available in about 7%of the cases. A grouping of the professionsshows that approximately one-fifth of theclass carne from this type of background.It is difficult to judge accurately regard-ing the national origins of many of ourso-called American families. However, arecord was made of the nationalityof* the fathers as given by theapplicants on their blanks. The resultsas presented probably give a fair idea ofthe types which compose the Freshman class.Over half the group, or 51.2%, statedsimply "American." To this percentagemight be added the 1.4% who were Cana-dians, a part of the 23% who were Jewishand the 0.9% who were negroes. The percentages of the other racial or national groupfollow: Russian Jew — 10.4, British Isles —5.9, German — 4.3, Scandinavian — 4.0, Po-lish — 1.4, Italian — 1.2, Bohemian — 1.1,Russian — 1.1. The following countriesfurnish less than one per cent of the class,being ranked in order — Lithuania, Holland,Hungary, Czecho-Slovakia, Greece, Rou-mania, Switzerland, Belgium, France, andJapan. An arbitrary grouping shows thatabout 15% carne from northern and western256 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEEurope, 7% from centrai and eastern Europe, and only about 2% from southernEurope. In each case those of the Semiticrace were not included.Each applicant is asked to state the churchwhich he attends, whether he is a member ornot. The following list gives the percent-ages of students who preferred each of thesects: Jewish — 23.4, Catholic — 11.4, Meth-odist — 10.2, Presbyterian — 7.6, Episcopal— 6.6, Baptist — 5.9, Lutheran — 5.5, Con-gregational — 4.8, Christian Science — 4.8,Christian — 1.7. The following list showsthose with less than one per cent and is givenin the order of rank — highest to lowest:Evangelical, Greek Orthodox, Latter-Day-Saints, Liberal, Unitarian, Church of theRedeemer, Ethical Union, New Jerusalem,Theosophical, and Universalist. Community or Union churches were given by 4.2%of the group, and five students said merely"Protestant." No preference was indicatedin just 10% of the cases.Applicants are asked to state what aretheir vocational plans — if they have any —for the period following graduation fromcollege. Nearly one-third, or 29.5%, hadnone definitely in mind. The followinglist gives the percentages of the entire classwho were planning to enter the variousvocations: education — 17.4, law — 14..2,business — 10.8, medicine — 8.7, journalism— 5.2, science — 4.6, art — 2.3, music — 1.5, advertising — 1.4, engineering — 1.2, socialservice — 1.1. The following had less thanone per cent and are ranked in order: for-eign service, library work, aeronautics,nursing, archìtecture, and tourist guidance.The source of our students is always ofinterest, but it has become of increasing im-portance in the light of the plans for thenew dormitories. Of the entire group, only22.7% carne from outside Illinois. Indiana,with 31 students, and Wisconsin, with 17,were next. Other states, ranked in order,follow: Michigan, New York, Nebraska,Pennsylvania, Iowa, Massachusetts, Missouri, Kentucky, Kansas, Ohio, Texas,Colorado, Connecticut, Minnesota, Oklahoma, California, District of Columbia,Utah, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Maryland, Mondana, New Jersey,New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon,South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wyoming.A total number of 1055 applicationwere received from students who had com-pleted only a high school education. Of thisnumber, 752 were admitted with no exam-inations, and 106 additional students wereaccepted after taking the scholastic aptitudetest. Only 88 who were not admitted didnot take this test, and a number of thesewere given the opportunity to do so — fail-ing to take advantage of the chance.Back to the Midway on June 8*BOOIC^jMary McDowell and the UniversitySettlementMary McDowell, Neighbor. By Howard E,xv+235THE early days of the University ofChicago are picturesque because of thevigorous personalities connected withthe pioneer institution. Singularly enough,those great figures have never received adequate biographical treatment. It is onlywithin the last year that Dr. T. W. Good-speed's Life of President Harper appeared.Dr. Goodspeed himself played a conspicuouspart in the organization of the new University and, although he has written thebiographies of scores of donors and bene-factors, the story of his remarkable life yetremains to be written.Mr. Howard E. Wilson has rendered areal service in writing his brief sketch ofthe life and achievements of Mary McDowell, who is another pioneer in theidealismi of the University 's history. TheUniversity of Chicago Settlement wasearly planned as an essential partof the University 's service to the community. What ambitious dreams characterizedthe young institution ! University extensionlectures were organized on a large scaleto bring to the whole Middle West thetreasures of learning in the minds of theUniversity professors. Attempts were madeto affiliate with the University a large number of schools in the hope that therebystandards of education might be raisedthroughout the country. The UniversitySettlement was a part of this generous idealof public service which characterized theearly days of the University and whichhas always been a dominant note in itshistory.Under the direction of the Departmentof Sociology in 1893 a survey of the city Wilson, University of Chicago Press, 1928.pages. $3.00was made to determine where the University Settlement should be located. The re-gion selected was a somewhat forlorn andneglected outlying section of the city,familiarly known as "back of the yards."Here had gathered a considerable popula-tion of foreign origin whose main means ofsubsistence was work in the Stock Yards.For the most part these people were livingin cheap houses on unpaved streets with en-tirely inadequate sanitary arrangements.The atmosphere of the district had astrongly locai aroma due to the stench fromthe Stock Yards on the east, the odors ofputrefaction from Bubbly Creek on thenorth, and the stench of decaying garbagefrom open pits on the west.Mary McDowell who had grown up ina devoutly religious Methodist home andwho had become intensely interested insocial problems in and around Chicago wasasked to become the Head of the UniversitySettlement. The bulk of Mr. Wilson'snarrative has to do with her life in thiscapacity; and a fascinating story it is.In these days when Settlements have become so thoroughly institutionalized we arelikely to forget the motives and the spiritof the Settlement movement in its inception.It was really a protest against prevailingideas of "charity," according to which fa-vored persons continued to live comfortablyin desirable locations while mercif ully givingrelief in various forms for those in need. Asthe title of Mr. Wilson's book admirably in-dicates, the Settlement was an experiment inneighborliness rather than in officiai aid.True to this spirit, Ivliss McDowell took upher residence in a rented rear fiat of four257258 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINErooms and, without any announced programproceeded to live in the neighborhood, sharing ali the deprivations of ber neighbors andwaiting for opportunities to convince asomewhat suspicious neighborhood of herreal purpose in coming there to live. Fromthis humble beginning the Settlement hasgradually grown until today it owns prop-erty worth approximately $100,000 andhouses a resident staff of from fifteen totwenty persons who live for twenty-fourhours a day as neighbors of the people inthe vicinity.The tone of Mr. Wilson's book may seemto some readers to be a bit sentimental.This is largely a reflection of the faithful-ness with which he reproduces the spirit aswell as the details of Miss McDowell'slife. No truthful picture of her and her in-fluence could be given without this won-derful aroma of kindly and generousneighborliness which constituted her realreligion. On one occasion, when she com-mented on the very useful work of a bureauorganized to gain information, she said,"The work of this Bureau, however, liesin not discussing the statistics alone, but inmaking the statistics human." Every problem which she faced in her career grew outof her keen sympathy for the human sideof life. It meant the development of herwonderful understanding of the folkwaysbrought by emigrants from Europe and thediscovery of the fine artistic capacities whichthese folkways may express. It led her tobe concerned primarily with the human sideof the saloon problem, the routine of cityadministration, the devious ways of politi-cians, and the like.Mr. Wilson has appreciated this rarecontribution of Miss McDowell's. Hetakes us step by step through the series ofsocial experiments to which she brought thecompelling power of human interpretation.The need of wholesome recreation for thechildren of the vicinity led not only to play-grounds at the Settlement but also to heractive influence in securing the two admir-able small parks which were located backof the yards. Her concern for health ledto a series of experiments by which the Set tlement helped mothers to understand theproblems of nutrition and which found oneexpression in a dramatic effort crownedwith success to have a municipal bathhouseestablished. It led her to organize a rent-ing library in the Settlement House untilthe city was persuaded to establish a brandiof the Public Library. It stimulated the organization of classes for adults where theEnglish language might be learned and theprinciples of good citizenship instilled. Itfound an unusual outlet in the long cam-paign which she waged to rid the districtof the unsanitary garbage dumps and whichled her to make a trip to Europe to studymethods of garbage disposai there and tobring back definite suggestions which finallybore fruit in a new system of garbage disposai for the city of Chicago.Perhaps the most cruciai experiencethrough which she went was in connectionwith the Stock Yards strike in 1904. Living, as she did, among people to whom lowwages meant inadequate nourishment forthe children and lowered morale of familylife, she inevitably found her sympathieswith those who were laboring to secure forthe workers a better scale of remuneration.As is always the case in any bitterly con-tested strike, the odium which in manyperons' minds inevitably is connected withany labor organization could not be entirelyavoided by her. But, as Mr. Wilson'saccount makes clear, she always endeavoredto penetrate beneath the mere battle whichwas being waged to the human side of thestruggle.It was a fitting culmination of her workthat Mayor Dever should have appointedher as Commissioner of the Department ofPublic Welfare. Here, in an office whichhad been largely a politicai synecure, shebrought her humanitarian vision to the service of the entire city and was instrumentaiin gaining information and organizing waysin which the city might more directly helpto meet the difficulties of many of its citi-zens.Because she did not live on the campus,the University community has not been asaware of the character and service of Miss-BOOKS 259McDowell as it has been of other outstand-ing personalities. Mr. Wilson has rendereda real service in reminding us of theimportant relationship between the University and the task of neighborliness in anon-academic community. It would be interesting to discover how many studentsand teachers in the University through MissMcDowell have been enlisted in neighborlyefforts in this region which naturally liesbeyond the horizon of our attention. Themost vigorous organization of women in thePROFESSOR Marsh has done a neatpiece of scholarship and the publishers have produced a pretty bookin this little volume of selections from thework of John Hamilton Reynolds, thefriend of Keats. Professor Marsh hasgathered up ali that was previously knownof Reynolds, has discovered some new facts,and composed a brief biography that rescuespoor Reynolds from oblivion.Not quite oblivion, perhaps, for he willalways be remembered as one of the threeyoung poets whom Leigh Hunt discoveredand endeavored to make popular, the othertwo being Keats and Shelley. Reynoldswas not, on literary grounds, deserving ofsuch noble compeers, his pasturage being onthe foothills of Parnassus. But he was agood friend to Keats and had a pretty wit.The wit is best relished in certain of hissatires and parodies. After "calming hismind in mountain solitudes" in the Words-worthian manner he submitted the versetherein conceived to the criticism of theMaster himself. The criticism appears tohave been just but not to Reynolds' liking.He avenged himself with a parody of "PeterBell," its publication anticipating the publication of the originai and delighting theirreverent. It is stili very good fun.Reynolds' serious verse is full of echoesand seems written by a clever man who University community — t h e SettlementLeague — owes its inspiration largely to theSettlement as interpreted by Miss McDowell. Important as institutions are,even more important are their inspiring personalities. Mary McDowell has been acenter of radiant and kindly human enthusiasm for thousands of persons. It is to behoped that Mr. Wilson's sympathetic studymay be supplemented by reminiscences fromMiss McDowell's own pen.Gerald Birney Smithfeels he really should do something in thegrand manner. Professor Marsh in hisselections from Reynolds' longer poemsomits stanzas liberally remarking that"Nothing essential to understanding isomitted here or elsewhere in the poem."Enough remains to give Reynolds qualityas a poet and to provide "students of theperiod" with ali they need know of him.An excerpt from an article written in an-swer to the savage criticism in the QuarterlyReview of Keats' Endymion reveals Reynolds as a warmhearted friend and a compe-tent critic. Other extracts from his lighterprose show him to have been as amusing asatirist in prose as in verse.Two stanzas from "Peter Bell," hisWordsworthian parody, will convey hisflavor, a bit obvious and hilarious, butf unny :Not a brother owneth he,Peter Bell he hath no brother;His mother had no other son,No other son e'er call'd her mother;Peter Bell hath brother none.His stick is made of wilding wood,His hat was formerly of felt,His duffel cloak of wool is made,His stockings are from stock in trade,His belly's belted with a belt.Carl Henry GraboRescued from Near OblivionJohn Hamilton Reynolds: Poetry and Prose. With an Introduction and Notes byGeorge L. Marsh. London: Humphrey Milford. 1928.Published for the Oxford University Press. 196 pagesin my opinionBy Fred B. Millett,Assislant Professor of English.THREE distinct ways of representingShakspere : the preposterous, the elaborate, and the appropriate, haverecently have been offered Chicago patronsof the theatre. The great minds which control dramatic enterprise in America couldhardly have contrived a more perfect opportunity for a study of how Shakspere shouldand should not be produced.It is certainly to the credit of Chicagoaudiences that they sensed very early someat least of the preposterous features of Mr.George Tyler's vociferously touted production of Macbeth. It would require severalcolumns for an enumeration of them ali.First, however, should be recorded, perhaps the worst Lady Macbeth this eagergeneration is likely to see. Florence Reed'sLady Macbeth was a sinuous cajoling creature out of any number of South Sea melo-dramas. Probably never again shall wehear the letter scene done in pidgin English. But the head and front of the pro-duction's offending was the scenery. Letnot the American executors of Mr. GordonCraig's designs be blamed for more than atithe of the misadventure. There was norhyme or reason, no unity or coherence inthe series of scenes exhibited. A castle ofappalling primitiveness was supplied witheven more appalling neo-Teutonic interiors.According to Mr. Craig, the Macbethshad recently had their castle done over byan interior decorator who had learned histrade playing with tinker toys. Lady Macbeth probably lost her mind trying to decide which of any number of staircases sheshould take to go to bed. Perhaps threebeautiful and appropriate scenes wereachieved : the persuasive lights and shadowsof the opening scene, the Reinhardtesquecauldron scene, and the murder of Banquoin the darkest night that ever enshrouded aScottish heath. Mr. Winthrop Ames' production of TheMerchant of Fenice is quite another story.Thanks to the distinguished talent andtaste of Woodman Thompson, it created asrich and fitting a beauty as any Shakspereanproduction is likely to have. The successivepictures astounded not only by the inge-nuity and rapidity of their formation butby their faded luxurious beauty. The highhall of Portia's house, the mouldering pal-ace and the graceful bridge across the canal,the tapestry-like pageant of the trial scene,— these were pictures to be wondered at andtreasured. The direction was what one ex-pects from Mr. Ames: fastidious, painstak-ing, tasteful. It lacked spontaneity, vigor,and gusto. Whatever balance the ricketyplay might have had was, moreover, de-stroyed by Mr. Arliss' Shylock. His wasa perfectly competent representation of anutterly wrong interpretation of Shylock.Mr. Arliss' gentlemanly nature and his ig-norance of the Elizabethan attitude towardShylock led him to turn Shylock into aGuggenheim. Shakspere obviously triedto humanize the grotesque figure of Shylock, a combination of the horrible and thecomic, but he was too completely of his ageto make Shylock an object of unctuoussentimentality.The modest players from Stratforb! carneas near as any company we have seen togiving Shakspere in a thoroughly appropriate fashion. With no elaborate scenery,with no spectacular costumes, a companycontaining no one first rate and many de-cidedly third rate, gave performance afterperformance of which the poetry and wit,the power and the beauty, carne delectablyover the footlights. Some one among themremembered that Shakspere remarked that"The play's the thing," and believed thathe meant it when he said it.Our Shaksperean orgy has taught us at260IN MY OPINION 261least some essentials in the production ofElizabethan plays. The first is speed. Anglizabethan play was written for rapid-fireperformance. To pause for more than afew seconds between one scene and the nextis deliberately to throw away a carefullywrought illusion. To split the first act ofMacbeth (as our texts encourage producersto do) is utterly to destroy the cumulativeeffect it was intended to have. The secondessential is team-work. Shakspere's company had a Burbage, and Shakspere wroteup to him. A modem company needs aBurbage, but what it needs more is a largenumber of players, with good accents anddiction, and an unlimited experience inplaying together. Finally, a satisfactoryproduction is likely to have the advantageof at least a modicum of knowledge con-cerning the great age in which Shaksperewrote. Like many playwrights, he did notalways trouble to individualize even hismajor characters, but usually a little reading will reveal in even his minor charactersa tried and true, an old and dependable acting type. Without such knowledge, suchstudy, many Shaksperean roles are mean-ingless.The recent encounter with Shakspere inthe theatre has also given us a new respectfor his knowledge of the arts of the drama.The enthusiasm aroused here by Henry theFourth and Richard the Third is certainlynot explicable merely on the grounds ofChicago's pre-occupations with English history. These plays arouse enthusiasm because Shakspere, like no other dramatistthe world has known, knew how to give theaudience, not only of his own time but ofthe future, what it wants: exciting action,deeds of violence, a few characters thatstir the imagination, almost inexhaustiblewit and humor, situations from which thelast drop of dramatic efltectiveness has beensqueezed, and a veil of poetry and rhetoricthe like of which no one has ever woven.So it is that Richard the Third, which inthe study is an aesthetic absurdity, becomesin the theatre an enthralling and stirringexperience.Wfje Slmberéttp of Cfncago jUagajmeEditor and Business Manager, Charlton T. Beck '04Advertising Manager, Brockway D. Roberts '25EDITORIAL BOARD: Commerce and Administration Association — Rollin D. He-mens, '21; Divinity Association — C. T. Holman, D.B., '16; Doctors' Association — D. J.Fisher, '17, Ph.D., '22; Law Association — Charles F. McElroy, A.M., '06, J. D., '15;School of Education Association — Lillian Stevenson, '21 ; Rush Medicai Association —Morris Fishbein, 'ii, M.D., '12; College — Roland F. Holloway, '20; Allen Heaid,'26; Wm. V. Morganstern '20, J.D., '22; Faculty — Fred B. Millett, Department ofEnglish.Donald P. Bean, '17, Chairmaneve^Ts & c°MM£:KTGIFTS of $500,000 toward the support of the University of ChicagoClinics, to be made over a five-year periodbeginning July 1, have been announced bythe University. The appointment of Dr.Franklin C. McLean, Chairman of the Department of Medicine, as Director of theUniversity Clinics, was made public at thesame time. As a part of the duties of thisnew position Dr. McLean will assist thePresident in the medicai affairs of theUniversity.Three Chicagoans have made the gifts,Max Epstein and Albert D. Lasker pledg-ing $125,000 each and Julius Rosenwald$250,000. This last gift is conditioned onthe University's obtaining, from locaisources, pledges amounting to $250,000 inaddition to the gifts now announced.Mr. Epstein's gift supplementi his pre-vious gifts of $20,000 for the Max Epstein Clinic for out-patients at the University and $10,000 to extend this clinic tothe new Chicago, Lying-In Hospital. Mr.Lasker has previously given $1,000,000 tothe University for the Lasker Foundationfor Medicai Research, which is engaged inthe study of the degenerative diseases of themiddle age.Dr. McLean, an alumnus of Rush Medicai College and the University of Chicago,has served on the staff of the Rockefeller Institute and the medicai school of theUniversity of Oregon. After spendingseven years in China, where he was directorof the Peking Union Medicai College, hewas appointed Professor of Medicine atthe University of Chicago and organizedthe Faculty of the new medicai school.A TOTAL of 7,592 students have beenregistered for the Winter Quarterclasses at the University of Chicago.In the Graduate Schools of Arts, Literature, and Science there are 1,349 studentsenrolled, and in the Senior and Junior Colleges (including the unclassified) 2,646, atotal for Arts, Literature, and Science of3,995-In the Professional Schools there are 280Divinity students; 490 in the GraduateSchools of Medicine (Ogden GraduateSchool of Science and Rush Medicai College) ; 427 in the Law School; 57 in Education, 224 in Commerce and Administration, 114 in Social Service Administration,and 1 1 in Library Science, making a totalfor the Professional Schools of 1,604.In University College (downtown) thereis an enrolment of 2,353, making a totalfor the University of 7,592.Of the whole number registered, 2,944are graduate students, 3,973 undergraduate,and 675 unclassified.262ALUMNI AFFAI R SA Leader in the Electrical FieldThe Edison Medalist of 1928By John Mills, 'oiDirector of Publication, Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc.RYERSON Laboratory, from the dayit started under the leadership ofa scientist already world re-nowned has attracted to its creative atmos-phere many who were themselves destinedto world-wide recognition. Not withoutmeaning are its names on the roll of NobelPrizes. Physicists and educators of dis-tinction have developed within its walls ; andits graduates have carried its spirit into thecommercial fields of industriai research.In the industriai field one of the mostprized awards is the Edison Medal. Thisrecognition for technical contributions inthe electrical arts is made only after yearshave demonstrated the importance of theadvances uponwhich it is based.The award for 1928was made to FrankBaldwin J e w e t t,Ph.D. Chicago,1902, for contributions to the art ofelectrical communi-cation.Frank Jewett wasborn in Pasadena,California, Septem-ber 5, 1879, andcarne to the University in the lateautumn of 1898 after graduation byThroop PolytechnicInstitute. He ob-tained his doctoratein physics in June, three and a half years he found timebeyond his graduate studies to serve as Research Assistant to Dr. Michelson who wasthen engaged in building his ruling enginefor diffraction gratings, to be an activemember of the Chicago Chapter of DeltaUpsilon, and to become engaged to FannyCornelia Frisbee, from Rockford College,who started her graduate work in physicsin the autumn of 1899.This ability of Jewett to carry on a number of important enterprises at the sametime was a characteristic which has stoodhim in real stead in later years and is perhaps one of the main reasons for his spec-tacular progress. Other characteristicswhich were also no-ticeable in his graduate days and haveundoubtedlycontrib-uted in the sameway are his quick-ness of perception,accuracy of analysis,persistence, and ofequal importance afrankness and sin-cerity which coupledwith a charm ofmanner and of voicehave made him a be-loved leader to hundreds of scientistsand engineers.From ChicagoDr. Jewett went toMassachusetts Institute of Technol-1902. In those Frank Baldwin Jewett263 ogy to study certain264 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEphases of electrical engineering and remained there for a time as instructor inphysics and electrical engineering. In 1904he joined the Engineering Department ofthe American Telephone and TelegraphCompany in Boston and transferred to NewYork when the headquarters of the company were moved to that city. From 1908-19 12 he was the company's transmission andprotection engineer. Under the direction ofJ. J. Carty, Chief Engineer of the Company, Dr. Jewett was given the responsi-bility for working out the methods which ledto the introduction in the telephone serviceof phantom loading, loading of large-gaugeand open-wire circuits, the development andapplication of telephone repeaters to loadedlines, and the development of phantom duplex cables.It was these developments in part compieteci during those years but otherwise sincecontinued which made possible the enor-mous extension of the range of telephonetransmission as evidenced by the openingof transcontinental telephone service in19 14, the network of long distance cablecircuits which started in the Boston-Washington cable and is now almost nation-wide,and by the series of long distance radio developments which started in 19 15 and cul-minated in the opening of radio-telephoneservice between the United States and Eng-land in 1927.In 1905 Dr. Jewett married Dr. FannieC. Frisbee and two years later when hiswork transferred to New York he settledhis residence in New Jersey and for thelast fifteen years has been living at ShortHills.The year 19 12 saw further extensionsof his responsibilities in the Bell TelephoneSystem for he then became Assistant ChiefEngineer of the Western Electric Companywhich undertook to operate, as its Engineering Department, the research laboratories ofthe System. Starting in 19 12 there wasbuilt up, under Dr. Jewett's direction, thelargest industriai research organization inthe world — a group of workers now numbering 4600 people of whom over 2000 arescientists, engineers, and other technicians. In 19 16 as Chief Engineer of the Western Electric Company he had full charge ofthese laboratories and the engineering workof his company. Six years later his responsibilities increased with his appointment asVice-President of the Western ElectricCompany to include the supervision of aliits manufacturing operations in Americatogether with the direction of the salesand distribution of its manufactured product. During his association with the Western Electric Company, beside continuingwork on the projects mentioned before,there were important developments in thevacuum tube, its application to multiplexvvire communication in so-called "carrier-current systems" of telephony and teleg-raphy, the development of the dialtelephone which was introduced on a largescale by the Bell System, and important ad-vances in the development of high speedsubmarine telegràphy.When the United States entered theWorld War, the government utilized thisresearch organization for the solution ofmany problems in electrical communication.Dr. Jewett was commissioned Major inthe Signal Corps, U. S. Reserves, and laterpromoted to Lt. Col. in the Signal Corpsof the regular army. In addition to the research work for the War Department, Col.Jewett served on the Industriai ResearchCommittee, and other committees of theNational Research Council ; was one offour advisory members of the special boardon submarine problems organized by theNavy Department, and a member of theState Department's special committee oncables. He later received the DistinguishedService Medal "for exceptionally merito-rious and conspicuous service in connectionwith the development of the radio telephoneand the development and production ofother technical apparatus for the Army."In 1925 the Laboratories organization,which he had built up and personally led,was formed into a separate corporation*known as Bell Telephone Laboratories, tocarry on laboratory researches (in accord-ance with the program of the AmericanTelephone and Telegraph Company of in-ALUMNI AFFAIRS 265Thè Frank B. Jewetts — Father and Son.Pure Research as carried on in the home laboratory.suring the technical progress of its art) andto develop and design the communicationapparatus which the Western Electric Company would manuf acture for the AssociatedCompanies of the Bell System. With theformation of this company Dr. Jewett waselected. its president and vice-president ofthe American Telephone and TelegraphCompany. In these joint positions he thusbecame responsible for the general super-vision and coordination of ali the researchand develppment work of the Bell System.As the New York Herald-Tribune com-mented e'ditorially at the time of the awardof the Edison medal, "Dr. Jewett's chiefcontributiohs to science have been an ideaand the skill to make that idea work. Theidea is that of co-operative research. No onescientific man can know everything or pos-sess ali kinds of skill. Hence Dr. Jewett'sidea of assembling groups of experts to workon complex scientific needs. Able scientistsare nòt often well broken to harness.Teams of them are none too easy to drive oreven to lead. Yet Dr. Jewett has managedthis well, perhaps better than anyone else ;as the success of the Bell Telephone Laboratories testifies." A wide range of activities and interestsoutside his officiai duties mark Dr. Jewett'scareer. In ali matters pertaining to theadvancement of science, technical education,professional activities of engineers, Dr.Jewett has contributed freely of his timeand energy and of this specialized knowledge. He was for years vice-chairman ofthe Engineering Foundation, chairman ofthe Division of Engineering and IndustriaiResearch, National Research Council, andin 1922-23, President of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. He is amember of the National Academy ofScience, a fellow of the Institute of RadioEngineers and the American Physical Society, and has served on the United StatesNational Committee of the InternationalElectrotechnical Commission, and on theBoard of Investigation and Coordination ofthe Society for the Promotion of Engineering Education. He is a Term Member ofthe Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCorporation and a member of its VisitingCommittee for the Departments of Physicsand Electrical Engineering. He is alsoa member of the Committee of the CarnegieInstitute of Technology.266 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHis interests include civic affairs andfor many years he has been a member ofthe Board of Education in the Township inwhich his residence is located, beside servingon numerous civic committees and as adirector in some of the enterprises of theneighborhood.Except for the many times when Dr.Jewett's duties cali him to other cities inAmerica or to Europe, he and Mrs. Jewettdivide their time between their Short Hillsresidence and their summer place at Vine-yard Haven, Mass. They have two sons,Harrison who is now a graduate studentat Massachusetts Institute, and F. B. Jew ett, Jr., who is approaching high schoolage. Their tastes and interests remainsimple — gardening, books and friends seerrtto be their major desiderata.Dr. Jewett has received several honorarydegrees, as for example, Columbia and theUniversity of Wisconsin, and some foreignorders. He is also a member of Tau BetaPi and Sigma Xi and in social clubs main-tains memberships in the University, Ma-chinery, and Engineers Clubs of New YorkUniversity Club of Chicago, Cosmos Clubof Washington and the Braidburn andShort Hills Country Clubs in NewJersey.The Edison Medal for 1928Professor Cowles in Mirthful MoodOn February 12, a meeting of the Ames,Iowa University of Chicago Alumni Clubwas held and a Iuncheon given in honor ofDr. Henry C. Cowles, head of the department of botany in the University. President Dora G. Tompkins presided at themeeting and the arrangements with theMemorial Union were made by the vice-president, Dr. D. L. Holl.At the dose of the Iuncheon, ProfessorCowles in his usuai vein of mirthfulnessspoke of the power of the new chapel building to draw attendance stating that it isfilled to its seating capacity at each meetingirrespective speakers. He also told how President Judson waschosen by the board of Trustees, President Burton by the Trustees and repre-sentatives from the Faculty and PresidentMason by these groups and additional mem-bers acting as representatives of the AlumniAssociation. Dr. Cowles incidentally com-mended very highly the efficient work ofDr. Woodward as Acting President of theUniversity.The speaker mentioned briefly the progress made on the new physics building andthe development, soon to begin, of part ofthe University's property south of theMidway.Trained in Torts and RetortsLaw Alumni Turn to Comic Operaco-authors of the 1929Blackfriar OperaAbove, George D. Mills, J.D. '22Right, William V . Morgenstern, J.D. '22267What's Ali the Shouting For?By William V. Morgenstern, '20, J.D., '22.IT IS not news to teli the alumni thatour athletic record recently has not beengood; some of the locai alumni havebeen vociferously announcing the fact, andin a manner that has done more damage tothe cause they have sought to forward thanthree football seasons like that of 1928.In college sport, football is the standardof athletic success. The last conferencechampionship in which Chicago had a sharewas in 1924, although in the three seasons immediately preceding Chicago teamslost but three games despite exceptionallydifficult schedules. The 1926 season was abad one; 1927 was nothing to be ashamedof. But last autumn was the worst in thethirty-seven years of Chicago athletic history. The combination of two bad seasonsin three years has created an impression ofweakness not entirely justified if the tenyear record be considered.The last track championship was won in191 7; this year's team figures to be thirdin the indoor conference. The last swim-ming championship was in the days of EdBlinks, in 1921, but the water basketballand polo teams have won four titles since.The last basketball championship was thetie in 1924. A team that has lost ninestraight games so far this season has unfortunately followed on the ruinous football season. The baseball team's most recent championship was won in 19 13, butfour years ago the lack of a base hit in thefinal game meant the championship. Theclub finished in a tie for third last year,losing two ten-inning games by one run.The gymnastic team has won nine out ofthe last twelve conference championships ;the fencing, golf, and tennis teams havefine records. What are the factors in the Chicago athletic situation ? Poor coaching ? Too lof tyscholastic standards? A definite policy ofdiscouragement of athletes and athletics ?Before considering the general situation,a word about the football and the basket-ball teams may be in place. When thefootball season started after two weeks ofpractice, fourteen men were unavailablefor the opening doubleheader because of in-juries or ineligibilities, a staggering pro-portion of Stagg's small squad. The suc-cession of bruising games with Iowa andMinnesota wrecked the team with injuries,and it was not until the Wisconsin gamethat the Old Man had full strength. Bythat time defeats had wrecked the moraleof the team. Both regular tackles, Capt.Weislow and Proudfoot, men over 200pounds-, were lost for the entire season because of injuries, and tackles are the keyto defense in modem football since theemphasis on the doublewingback attack. Inaddition, the loss of Weislow deprived theteam of leadership that would have meantmuch in aiding morale.The present Big Ten basketball seasonhas been notable for unusually good andphysically big teams. Chicago lacks height,and height is eve^thing in the presentgame, because it means control of the balLPurdue smothered Chicago because"Stretch" Murphy towered inches aboveNorgren's men and could not be stoppedwithout fouling; Wisconsin, with twomen 6 feet, 4 inches tali, and three othersover 6 feet, likewise had a terrific advantage. The first three conference gamespitted Chicago against Purdue twice andWisconsin once in the first ten days; theteam was through before it started. So268ATHLETICS 269much for specific cases; how about thegeneral situation?It has been my personal platform òn thequestion of A. A. Stagg's knowledge of football and his coaching ability, based on tenyears of intimate knowledge and observa-tion of conference athletics for a Chicagonewspaper, that the Old Man's merit asa coach will not be fully appreciàted untilhe has been in retirement for several years.He has the utmost respect of ali his rivals,and of everyone who has watched him toilfor three years to turn a 190 pound hulkirìto a lineman who could give him oneyear of decent play.Stagg is a genius at developing men; ifhe were not our history would be sad tocontemplate. Today, with skilled coaching in high school, his ability is offset bythe fact that the bigger schools are gettinga large number of well developed players.Some conference coaches get so many trainedmen that they seldom will bother with anovice, for a man with prep experiencemakes a better player than one who lacksit. It is a fact that four men on our teamlast year never played a game of high schoolfootball.During the halcyon days of Thomas andTimme and Zorn it was the wail of theLaSalle Street Coaching Staff that "Staggdoesn't know anything about open play."They forgot about the 19 13 era and thejackrabbit backs; they overlooked the factthat between 1920 and 1925 a big andpowerful line with slashing backs shapedStagg's tactics. When a different type ofmaterial carne along, Stagg evolved his"flanker" formation of the past two years,inventing a play that has puzzled opposi-tion despite poor execution by mediocre material. Coach Spears of Minnesota saidlast year that Stagg's offense was the mostdeceptive he had elicountered. The tributeof imitation has already been paid that playby several leading coaches. The presentcriticism now is that "Stagg doesn't knowanything about interference." There isnot space here to argue that point; it doesnot seem to have any more merit than theone which preceded it. This complaint about coaching has come from a very fewof the alumni, and the newspaper criticshave never raised it as an explanation of thepoor showing of 1928. In Crisler, Nor-gren, Hoffer, Merriam, McGillivray andVorres, Chicago has an able and skilledgroup of coaches, as well as men who canbe respected and admired for their influenceand standards.More prominent than the criticism of thecoaching is that directed toward the admis-sion standards. There is more wild anduninformed talk about this factor thanabout anything else. It is as well foundedas those periodic rumors that float aroundamong the athletically interested alumniabout the "ali state halfback who weighs185 and runs the hundred in ten fiat," whois reputed to have just entered the University.The facts are simple: The admissionstandards, in conjunction with the scholasticaptitude test, bar only the lowest twentyto thirty percent of any high school seniorclass. Those figures are not guessworkbut the product of a careful investigation bythe Examiner's office. Certainly the elim-ination of the lowest thirty percent canscarcely be called outrageous discrimination.Many colleges, particularly the state institutions, which must admit practically everyhigh school graduate, even up by wholesaleflunking after a semester. At Chicago,since the admission standards were set up,dismissal for poor scholastic work hasdropped from 14 percent of the enteringclass to 4 percent. The charge that ath-letes are discriminated against as such issimply loose talk. Any time you care tolisten, you will be told that so-and-so wasrefused admission, and is now starring forSiwash instead of Chicago. There havebeen athletes unable to get into Chicago,and in most cases unable to get into otherconference schools either. One of the greatest prep basketball players of recent yearstried to enter Chicago, and three or fourother schools, but has yet to find an institution in the conference which will admithim on his grades. A much more pertinentfact is that eight well known high school270 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEathletes who applied for and were issuedcertificates of admission to Chicago lastyear never registered, but suddenly changedtheir minds.Chicago's athletic prestige for many yearshas been built on the men from locai highschools and from Oak Park. From PeteRussell to Jim Pyott and Charles Hoergerthe suburban school produced a brilliantsuccession of athletes who play ed a promi-nent part in our athletics. Chicago stili getsOak Park men— there are several on ourteamsi totfay — but some are going east.Also, Oak Park has not the athletic prestigeof other days. Hyde Park and Lindblomhave been two other important sources ofathletes and students; we stili get HydePark men, though many of them are alsogoing east, and Lindblom has not been con-tributing as many men as it once did. TheUniversity is too dose to Chicago boys, forone thing; they prefer the Iure of the dis-tant and unknown. Goodpasture of HydePark, for instance, eligible as a scholar fora two year honor scholarship, preferred totake a scholarship from Princeton instead.In sheer weight of numbers, Chicago isoutclassed by every other school in the conference but one, and so its percentage ofathletes naturally is smaller. In my annualrounds of the conference, I have seen thelast cut of 50 men at Michigan, and it ismy best judgment that those 50 men cutoff the Michigan squad were better menthan the 50 on Stagg's squad. Nickerson forexample, a star lineman, at Oak Park, wentto Michigan, was retained on the squadtwo years and was cut off his third season.At Chicago he would have been a regular, and probably would have been a captainA school outclassed in numbers canremedy its deficiency by proselyting andhiring of athletes. Some do. In the long;run, a small school will average far belowthe big school, except for an occasionaiseason when it is lucky enough to have agreat star or two. Mention of proselytingand recruiting brings up the multiplicity ofrules and regulations of the conference, andthe urgent need for their enforcement. Thestandard of enforcement at present is abouton a par with that of the national prohibi-tion law, and Chicago, following the rulesto the letter, suffers because others do not.There are some very specific factors inour situation. One is that the footballcoaching in the conference is about on thehighest level in the country ; the advantageof a decade ago that carne because Staggwas far superior to the average of his rivals,no longer prevails. The recent unsuccess-ful seasons have tended to keep prep athletes away from Chicago; they want togo to a school that is consistently a winner.The lack of a modem field house is a tre-mendous disadvantage, both because yourmodem prep athléte is attracted by thesetemples, and because the physical limitationsof Bartlett handicap the training of theteams. Finally, one of the most important reasons why athletes are not coming toChicago is the wild talk of some of itsalumni, who have advertised totally falseconditions up and down the country moreeffectively than our dearest rivai could hopeto do. One of the things the matter withour athletic situation is the alumnus whoyells without knowing his facts.Basketball Before the CameraFirst action -pictures of a Chicago quintette.These photographs were taken during the Chicago-Ohio State game on January 26 and weremade possible since the game was played in the afternoon. The Chicago players are dressed inwhite. For the photographs we are indebted to the Ohio State University Monthly.Oh yes — the outcome?Final score, Ohio State 40, Chicago 30.A LONG, HIGH PASS BY OHIO STATEA FREE THROW FOR A BASKET271NEWS OF THEQUADRANGLESBy Louis H. Engel, '30,Managing Editor, The Daily MaroonMR. Cinderella" arrives.Work on the current Blackfriarproduction to be presented in what ap-parently are the far-off days of Spring isalready under way. "Mr. Cinderella" waswritten by George D. Mills and WilliamV. Morgenstern.Both Mills and Morgenstern are alumniof the University. They were classmatestogether in the undergraduate school, andboth of them received J.D. degrees in 1922from the law school. Mills is now a prac-ticing attorney, but Bill Morgenstern hassuccessfully forgotten ali the law he everlearned. Bill deserted the Wig and Robefor the less stately but more sensationaljob of sports writer on William RandolphHearst's morning tabloid. After a seriesof journalistic experiences Bill returned tohis Dear Mother in the role of Director ofthe Department of Public Relations andhas been spending the last two years tryingto accustom himself to mahogany desks andlady stenographers. It's part of Bill's jobto see that the locai publications around heremaintain the tone of the Institution anddon't send stories about highballs at night-fall or drunken club girls or risqué partiesdown to the locai city desks. It's a thank-less undertaking. But most of us aroundhere who mess in printer's ink know Billand like him for he understands the undergraduate viewpoint and knows his ownbusiness from Alpha to Omega. That'sone reason why we're sure that "Mr.Cinderella" is going to be one whale ofa success.Charley Warner and his Board of Su-periors, who are running this year's show,have imported a new director whose recordof successes reads like the Thespian rollof honor. Donald Mac Donald III has directed men's shows for a good many yearsand has recently spent a good part of histime coaching the Junior League plays ofsociety 's younger set in cities ali overthe United States and Canada, includingthe Scandinavian. Because of this type ofexperience in handling amateurs and becauseof the fact that Mr. Mac Donald is ca-pable of caring for chorus, cast, costuming,and ali the phases of a Blackfriar production, the Board of Superiors regard themselves as exceptionally lucky in obtainingthe services of the new director.From the brief resumé and various andsundry intimations of Mr. Warner wegather that "Mr. Cinderella" is a reversionto the old Friar standards. The play is atypical musical comedy, a fast farce withali the punch and pep of "Plastered inParis" and other notable Blackfriar showsof the days that used to be.Mr. Cinderella, it seems, is a Hollywoodmale movie idol who comes to the campus tostudy college atmosphere. By some fellmeans Rin-Tin-Tin, not to be confusedwith Lon Chaney, and a couple of big moviemagnates are dragged into the story. Aliphases of campus life are attributed theirshare of the juicy old razzberry. TheQuadrangle in front of Cobb hall furnishesthe setting for the first act of the play. Thefirst scene of the second act is laid in a bed-room of Foster hall, which, one must admit,does have genuine possibilities. This actcloses at a fraternity house dance, whichalso is not without potentialities."Mr. Cinderella" was one of seven ex-cellent books submitted to the judges, Pro-fessors, James Weber Linn, Bertram Grif-fith Nelson, and Percy Holmes Boynton.In commenting upon the selection, Mr.Linn, remarked, "The show will probably272NEWS OF THE QUADRANGLES 273be very successful. The humor is fairlyagreeable and not suggestive in any sense ofthe word. The play does not attempt agreat deal, it is not full of dramatic ideal-ism. But what it does attempt it most em-phatically attains." Mr. Nelson said, "Theplay has a great deal of movement. It hassome very unique introduction features andis characterized by extremely clever dia-logue. 'Mr. Cinderella' has a real situationand is not made up of loosely connectedwise-cracks. On the whole it has a prom-ising outlook for a good show."There's little doubt but that Charley andhis cohorts will put the play over success-fully.*? *? *? -AMONG the out standing events of re-iXcent campus history are the last Washington Prom and the Kedroff quartet concert. The former was held at the SouthShore Country club on the night of thefifteenth of February and the latter in thenew University Chapel on the night of thetwenty-first. Both events were successfullysponsored by the Undergraduate council,which, under the presidency of Ray Mur-phy, the Terre Haute Wonder Boy, seemsto have taken a new lease on life.The prom, I suppose, was like everyother prom, but every prom seems nicerthan its predecessor. Zez Confrey and hisOpera Club orchestra furnished the synco-pation that is the excuse for- modem dancemusic. Annette Alien and Ellen Hartmanand Charles Cutter and Robert Fisher, "done themselves proud" in full dress, andif you don't believe it see The ChicagoTribune.The concert was even more of a notableevent. It was the first function of thistype to be held in the chapel, and it wasideally suited to the setting. One could notdescribe the matchless artistry of theseRussian singers. Following the concert,their manager pronounced it the finest program they had ever rendered, and certainlythe audience was highly appreciative of theiraccomplishment. From the viewpoint ofeven the most criticai, it was an indescrib-ably beautiful thing, this concert by I. K.Denisoff, N. N. Kedroff, T. F. Kasakoff,and C. N. Kedroff.AND the first week in Aprii bringsx\ another of the World's Greatest Basketball Interscholastics to Bartlett Gymna-sium. This tournament for the HighSchool Championship of the United Statesis under the student management of RayMurphy. Invitations have already beenextended to some of the state champions andother outstanding teams of the country, andit won't be long now till some of the teamsout in Podunk Center and Cockroach Gulchwill start the thousand mile trek to Bartlett Barn. There's not an athletic eventin existence, with the exception of the Olym-pics, that has the color and the spectacularappeal of this tournament, and Chicagofully realizes that.Back to the Midway on June 8*NEWS OF THE CLASSESAND ASSOCIATIONSCollege'99 — Mrs. O. F. Brauns (MinnieLester) moved recently from Iron Mountain, Michigan to Dreycott Apts., Haver-ford, Pennsylvania.'99 — Mrs. Alice Knight Prior, 8 Maryland Avenue, Annapolis, Maryland, isteaching American History at the AnnapolisHigh School. She plans to resign and studyabroad at the Sorbonne and possibly in Eng-land. She will be away for a year or two,and will travel between intervals of study.'01 — Leroy T. Vernon and Mrs. Vernon(Mae Wheeler) Ex-'oi, live in Washington D. C. at 2922 Newark Street. Mr.Vernon represents The Chicago DailyNews and is popular among newspapermen and those they interview.'00 — William S. Broughton is living at18 19 Que Street, Washington, D. C. andis head of one branch in the United StatesTreasury. He is famous as a skilled andindefatigueable bridge player.Ex-'99— Arthur J. MacDonald, formerlyof Evanston, Illinois, is director of salesfor the W. Ross Campbell Company, realestate dealers in Los Angeles, California.His home is at 1 15 E. Commonwealth Ave.,Alhambra, California.'oi — Eduard Prokosch, A.M. chairmanof the Department of German at New YorkUniversity, and a distinguished scholar ofthe Germanie languages, has been securedby Yale University as Professor of German.Professor Prokosch was at one time a member of the University of Chicago Faculty.'06 — Mrs. Morris L. Horner (MaryM. Lee) writes to us from The Hotel Bel-videre, Lausanne, Switzerland. She hasher two daughters at school in Lausannepreparing for the University, and keeps intouch with us through the University ofChicago Magazine. '06 — Mrs. John E. Wagner (MabelPeglow) has moved from Jerome to Pres-cott, Arizona. Her husband is superin-tendent of the Yarapai County Hospital inPrescott and Mrs. Wagner is matron.'07 — Harold H. Swift, vice-president ofSwift and Company, spoke before TheChicago Association of Commerce IuncheonFebruary 20, 1929 in the Hotel LaSalle.The program was broadcast by WMAQ.'08-12 — "Geography of North America" by George J. Miller, '08, S.M. '09,and Almon E. Parkins, '12, Ph.D. '14,first published in 1928 is now in its secondand revised edition. It is a text book foruse in Normal Schools, Junior Colleges, andUniversities.'09 — Herbert Kimmel Ph.M. is associate professor of education and supervisorof the teaching of secondary mathematicsin the North Carolina College for Women,Greensboro, North Carolina.'11 — Sarah Frances Ross is principal ofthe Shafer Boulevard School, Dayton,Ohio.'14— Cornelia M. Beali is doing vocational advisory work in the high schools ofNew York City.'17— Martha Murphy who lives at 4742Ellis Avenue, Chicago, is doing charitywork in cooperation with various charitableorganizations.'18 — Gladys Campbell, who teaches inthe University High School, University ofChicago, has a book in collaboration withRussell Thomas, A.M., '28, "ModemNews and Story" coming out in the spring.'18— Alta L. Smith of Frankfort, Indiana, is getting a master's degree in TeachersCollege, Columbia University in June.'19 — Francis C. Fitzpatrick, A.M, isprofessor of education in Radford State274NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 275Teachers College, East Radford, Virginia.'20— Mrs. J. E. Taggart (Isabelle Watson) has moved from Riverside, Illinois,to 20 West Holly Street, Cranford, NewJersey.'20 — Harry C. Heald is scout executivein Kirksville, Missouri, and gives a coursein the North East Missouri State TeachersCollege in boy scout work for college credit.'21— Mary L. Gilliland, M.D. '25 islocated in the Bank of Italy Building, LosAngeles, California, specializing in ob-stetrics and gynecology.'21 — John R. L. Johnson, A.M. is pro-iessor of English in William and MaryCollege, Williamsburg, Virginia.'21 — Alfred L. McCartney of 2499Madison Road, Cincinnati, Ohio, writeshe will be glad to hear from his school matesin New York, Baltimore, Atlanta, Syracuse, and Detroit. January 1, 1929 he wasappointed supervisor over these districtoffices as well as New York exports forProctor and Gamble. He was formerlyoffice and credit manager in charge of theChicago office.'22 — Earl A. Morgan is owner andmanager of the Salina Steam Laundry inSalina, Kansas. He worked in the mostmodem plants in Chicago, supplementingthis with his University training, and wasfor four years editor of a laundry magazine.'22 — Fredericka V. Blankner, A.M. '23,Chicago poet and writer, in recognition byPremier Mussolini of Italy for her workin contributing to a better understanding ofmodem Italy amorìg Americans, has beenmade an honorary member of the Fascistiof Italy at a special meeting in New Yorkof the Fascisti of North America. Aspecial tessera, the badge of membership,which was ordered by Premier Mussolinia year and a half ago, was presented toMiss Blankner. She was made a Doctorof Letters from the Royal University atRome in 1926.J22 — Harold M. Triggs made a greatsuccess in a piano recital November 27,1928 in Town Hall, 113 West Forty-third Street, New York City. Mr Triggs isa graduate of the Bush Conversatory inChicago, and has been four years with JosefLhevinne at the Julliard Graduate Schoolin New York.'23 — LaVerne Argabright is instructor ofNature Study in the Western StateTeachers College, Kalamazoo, Michigan.'23 — Mrs. William L. Hart (ElizabethHughes) and her family are spending thewinter in Pasadena, California. Mr. Hart.'13, S.M. '14, Ph.D. '16, is on leave ofabsence from his position as professor andchairman of the Department of Mathe-matics in the University of Minnesota.'23 — Mrs. William R. Morgan (Mar-jorie E. Howard) sends us her new residence as 18 Hillcrest Court, Berkeley, California.'24 — Ethel Young, A.M. is assistant professor of modem languages at Illinois Wes-leyan University, Bloomington, Illinois.'24 — Maude L. Sippy, 56 r 5 WoodlawnAvenue, Chicago has been doing psychiatricsocial service in New York City for thepast eighteen months. She has just sailedfor a ten weeks cruise on the Mediterra-nean.'24— Ruth Alien Doggett, S.M. '25,spent last summer in the Alps where shewas assistant in the summer course in FieldGeology of the University of Geneva. Sheis now studying at Radcliffe College in thepursuit of a Doctor of Philosophy Degree.'25 — Hermine Menzie, A.M. '26 is instructor in Education in Radford StateTeachers College, East Radford, Virginia.'25 — Henry O. Lloyd, A.M. recentlyaccepted a cali to the Ormond, Ontario,Canada, Baptist Church.'25 — Mrs. William H. Goodman (Har-riet Worthington) A.M. is living at 6218Berthold Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri.'26 — Florence Imlay, A.M. for the pastthree years director of the cooperative nursery of the University of Chicago is thenew field agent for the University of Kentucky Agricultural Extension Division.'26 — Mary McCluer of 1004^ NorthBoulevard, Oak Park, Illinois is teachingin Cicero, Illinois.276 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINES2Ó — David O. Voss, A.M. is assistantprofessor of Greek and Latin in Ohio Wes-leyan University, Delaware, Ohio.J2Ó — H. Gibson Caldwell is statisticianfor Silverwood's Dairies, Limited, a mer-ger of twenty plants in Western Ontariowith executive offices at London, Canada.J2Ó — Ercel Louis Falkin is teaching inthe Pekin Community High School 1012South Fourth Street, Pekin, Illinois.>27_Mrs. Grace E. Chaffee, A.M. isassistant professor of sociology in the University of lowa, at lowa City.'28 — Margaret Nightingale is teachingfirst grade in the Libby School Fifty-thirdand Loomis Streets, Chicago.'28 — Ruth Crabbe is working on hermaster's degree at the University of Chicago, specializing in Morphology, Depart-men of Botany.'28 — Estelle Alice Clark, 400 SouthClarence W. Kemper, A.M. '11, D.B.5 12, celebrated the completion of six yearsin the pastorate of the Baptist Tempie,Charleston, West Virginia, Sunday, De-cember 30, 1928. During this period 861members have been received, a beautifulbuilding has been erected at a cost of $500,-000 and two branches of the church,Starcher Chapel and Dearth Chapel haveerected new buildings.W. B. Grimes, D.B. '14, A.M. '15, isnow pastor cf the Bellaire MethodistChurch, Indianapolis, Indiana. His daugh-ter, Mrs. R. H. Ewing, A.M. '21, of theAssam Baptist Mission, is now completingher work for the D.B. degree.Lorentz I. Hansen, A.M. '15, D.B. '15,formerly pastor of the First Baptist Church,Alameda, California, recently accepted thepastorate of the First Baptist Church, Kan-kakee, Illinois.R. T. Caldwell, A.M. '22, pastor of the.Pilgrim Congregational Church, Lansing,Michigan, has been giving particular atten-tion to the development of the "PilgrimPlayers," a group studying and present-ing religious dramatics. Catherine Avenue, LaGrange, Illinois, ìsteaching third grade in the Ogden Schoolof LaGrange.'28 — Elizabeth Roe, 51 15 Ellis Avenue,Chicago after serving as assistant to Mrs.Jacob Baur, National Committeewomanfor Illinois during the Presidential Cam-paign, has become associated with Congress-man Ruth Hanna McCormick as executivesecretary of the Ruth Hanna McCormickVolunteers with Offices at 360 NorthMichigan Avenue, Chicago.'29 — Margaret B. Stavoe is now studying in the graduate school of education Harvard University. Her addressis Perkins Institute, Watertown, Massachusetts.'29 — Hubert L Barnett, A.M. is director of religious education for the CentralChristian Church, 209 North MadisonAvenue, Peoria, Illinois.Mrs. Clara E. Powell, Ph.D. '26, is Assistant Director of Personnel and AssociateProfessor of English in Long Isiand University, Brooklyn, New York. Long IsiandUniversity is a new institution but is onewhich has been in the minds of Brooklyneducators for several years. It is expectedthat ultimately ali the educational institutions of Brooklyn will be brought into onegroup around the Liberal Arts College.Anna Hortense Potts, A.M. '27, has beenDean of Women in Otterbein College,Westerville, Ohio, since last August.William Henry Bernhardt, Ph.D. '28,formerly of the Department of Philosophyof Central College, Fayette, Missouri, be-gins his work in Christian Theology andEthics in the Iliff School of Theology, Jan-uary 31, 1929. He succeeds the late AlbertJacob Behner, A.M. '19, Ph.D. '28.T. Massaki, A.M. '28, returned toJapan in October and is now pastor of theBaptist Church in Tono, Iwate, Japan,which is Mr. Massaki's mother church, andthe only Christian church in the city.Hervin U. Roop was elected Presidentof Lincoln Memorial University, Harro-DivinityNEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 277gate, Tennessee, December 3, 1928 and be-gan his work immediately.Sidney M. Smith became pastor of FirstBaptist Church, Marquette, Michigan, No-vember 15, 1928.Alva J. Brasted, D.B., '02, Major Chap-lain, Department of the Philippines, is tobe transferred to Ft. Logan, Colorado, inAprii. Major Brasted is Ranking Chap-lain in the Philippine Department. Beforegoing to the Philippines Major Brastedwas for five years Division and Post Chap-lain at Ft. Sam Houston, Texas. Thetransfer to Colorado is a promotion.W. C. MacDougall, A.M., '15, D.B.,'17, Ph.D., '18, is President of the Collegeof the Churches of Christ in Canada,Toronto, Ontario. Dr. MacDougall wasformerly engaged in missionary educationalwork in India.Edwin E. Aubrey, A.M., '21, D.B., '22,Ph.D., '26, read a paper on "Is God MadeReal to Men in Worship ?" before the Conference of Middle Atlantic TheologicalSeminaries held at Crozer Seminary,Chester, Pennsylvania, in November, 1928.The paper was published in THE CROZER QUARTERLY and has since beenreprinted in pamphlet form.Herbert Winston Hansen, A.M., '22,D.B., '24, is pastor of the Community Baptist Church, Scarsdale, New York. Scaldale is a residential suburb of New YorkCity on the Hudson River. The churchrecently purchased the most desirable churchsite in Scarsdale comprising almost an acreof ground a block from the business dis-trict valued at $100,000. This church isa new enterprise but is growing rapidly.Hubert L. Barnett, A.M., '28, is Assistant Minister and Director of ReligiousEducation in the Central Church, Peoria,IH.Florence N. Hanson, A.M., '28, sincecomputing her work in the Divinity School,has become Dean of Women at WilmingtonCollege, Wilmington, Ohio. Miss Han-son also teaches three courses in the Biblicaldepartment. J. O. Leath, A.M., '14, D.B., '15, onJanuary first became Vice President andProfessor of Biblical Literature and History at Kidd-Key College, Sherman, Texas.Professor Leath was formerly connectedwith Kidd-Key College but more recentlyhas been on the faculty of the Texas StateWoman's College, Ft. Worth, Texas.Earl F. Adams, formerly pastor of FirstBaptist Church, Hillsdale, Michigan, became pastor of tlie Irving Park BaptistChurch, Chicago, and began his work Feb-ruary I7th.Paul T. Sanders has become Directorof the Chicago Southwest Suburban Community Parish which is a new venture inlarger parish organization. Ten communi-ties and five denominations are included.A. M. Squair, '14, is now operating su-perintendent with Sears, Roebuck & Company.Ernest J. Morris, '15, recently was madeBoy Scout Executive in Chicago.Charles Michel, Jr., '16, is now presidentof the National Salesmen's Training Association, Chicago.J. Edwin Pasek, A.M., '22, has been ap-pointed dean of the Central College ofCommerce, Chicago.Evar H. Nelson, A.M. '23, is an in-structor at North Park College.W. D. Riggall, '25, is now office managerfor the Ohio Valley Electric Railway Co.,Huntington, W. Va.H. S. Strong, '25, is now assistant production manager for the Nash Motors Co.,Milwaukee division.Basii M. Swinford, A.M., '26, is nowacting head of the department of commerce,Ball Teachers' College, Muncie, Indiana.T. W. Rogers, A.M., '28, has beenappointed assistant professor of accountingat Drake University.Ada Bess, Ph.B., June 1928, is the executive secretary for the Duluth International Institute.Doctors of PhilosophyDepartment of Sociology and Anthropology1896 — William I. Thomas, Professor inthe New School for Social Research, is theauthor of an important new book, TheChild in America, published by Knopf andCompany.1899 — Charles A. Ellwood, head of theDepartment of Sociology at the Universityof Missouri, has recently returned from ayear in Europe where he spent his sab-batical leave.I90I — J0hn M. Gillette, head of the Department of Sociology at the University ofNorth Dakota, was president of the American Sociological Society and delivered hispresidential address "Urban Infiuence andSelection," at the December meetings inChicago.I902__Edward C. Hayes, for years headof the Department of Sociology at the University of Illinois, died at Urbana, August7, 1928. Professor Hayes built up fromvery small beginnings one of the largestdepartments of sociology in the UnitedStates.19 io — L. L. Bernard has been called toa professorship at the University of NorthCarolina. Professor Bernard was formerlyprofessor of sociology at Tulane University and has been repeatedly called to lectureat the University of Chicago.19 13 — E. W. Burgess, professor in theUniversity of Chicago, is engaged in important research on the Basic Causes ofOrganized Crime under the auspices of theAmerican Institute of Criminology. Professor Burgess is also actively engaged in astudy of the Chicago Police Department, inwhich enterprise the University is co-oper-ating with Northwestern University, andthe Crime Commission.I92i — R. D. McKenzie, professor inthe University of Washington, will lectureon human ecology in the summer quarterat the University of Chicago. ProfessorMcKenzie has recently returned from aworld tour as a Kahn Fellow. 1924 — E. T. Hiller is Acting Chairmanof the Department of Sociology at Urbana.Professor Hiller's book, The Strike, hasrecently been published by the Universityof Chicago Press.1924 — Floyd N. House is the author ofan important book on The Range of SocialTheory which has just been published byHenry Holt and Company.E. R. Mowrer is the author of DomesticDiscord, published in December by the University of Chicago Press.1925 — T. C. Wang has been appointedFellow of the National Research Institute at Shanghai, China. He will directimportant researches in sociology.1926 — E. N. Simpson, located in Mexico City with the Institute of CurrentWorld Affairs, will lecture at the University of Chicago in the summer quarters. Hewill give courses on Mexico which will beon the borderline between anthropology andsociology.Louis Wirth, Assistant Professor atTulane University, will be one of the staffin the summer quarter at the Universityof Chicago. He is the author of TheGhetto, published by the University of Chicago Press.1928 — Robert Redfield has been placed incharge of some important researches to bemade in Yucatan under the National Research Council.Ching Chao Wu is Assistant Professorof Sociology in the University of Nanking.Ching Chao Wu is Assistant Professoranthropological research under the SocialScience Research Council.1927 — Earl R. Beckner, associate professor of economics, Butler University, Indianapolis is, now publishing through theUniversity of Chicago Press, his Ph.D.thesis entitled "History of Illinois LaborLegislation."278NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 279DepartmentWilliam Lloyd Evans, Ph.D. 1905,Chairman of the Department of Chemistry,Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio,has been awarded the William H. NicholsGold Medal by the New York Section ofthe American Chemical Society for his workon the oxidation of sugars. The Medal willbe presented to Dr. Evans on March 1 inNew York City.Herbert N. McCoy, Ph.D. 1898, Vice-President of the Lindsay Light Company,and Mrs. McCoy, (Ethel M. Terry),Ph.D. 1913, are spending much of theirtime in Los Angeles, where they have takena house, but visit Chicago for short periods.William McPherson, Ph.D. 1899, hasretired from the chairmanship of the Department of Chemistry at Ohio State University, Columbus, to devote ali of his timeto his work as Dean of the Graduate School.Herman I. Schlesinger, Ph.D. 1905, hashad charge of the detailed work in theplanning of the George Herbert JonesChemical Laboratory and in co-operatingwith the architects and contractors in theerection of the new laboratory.James W. Lawrie, Ph.D. 1906, haspublished a monograph on "Glycerol andthe Glycols" in the Monograph Series ofthe American Chemical Society. Themonograph was dedicated to ProfessorStieglitz.Herman Augustus Spoehr, Ph.D. 1909,Director of the Coastal Laboratory of theCarnegie Institution, of Washington, is preparing plans to move the laboratory fromCarmel, California to the campus of Stanford University, at Palo Alto.Emma Perry Carr, Ph.D. 1910, Chairman of the Department of Chemistry, Mt.Holyoke College, is preparing to spend aSabbatical year in Europe, chiefly in Switz-erland, working with Professor Henri.Thomas Bruce Freas, Ph.D. 191 1, Processor of Chemistry at Columbia University, New York City, passed away in Aprii,!928, following an operation.John Foote Norton, Ph.D. 191 1, has of Chemistryresigned as Associate Professor of Bacteri-ology at the University of Chicago to become Director of the Laboratories of theDepartment of Health in Detroit, Michigan. Dr. Norton is the author of anarticle on "Safeguarding the Water WeDrink" in "Chemistry in Medicine" published by the Chemical Foundation.Charles Herman Viol, Ph.D. 1912, Director of the Radium Research Laboratory,Standard Chemical Company, Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania, passed away on Aprii 6, 1928.Dr. Viol was a victim of his research workwith radium. In his will he left a fund ofn\t thousand dollars to the University ofChicago to endow the Charles Herman ViolFellowship in Chemistry for graduate students working for the Ph.D. degree.Paul Nicholas Leech, Ph.D. 1913, Director of the Chemical Laboratory, American Medicai Association, Chicago, con-tributed an article on "The Safeguardingof Drugs" in "Chemistry in Medicine,"published by the Chemical Foundation.John William Edward Glattfeld, Ph.D.1913, has been promoted to be AssociateProfessor of Chemistry, University of Chicago, on the basis of his excellent work inthe chemistry of sugars and as a teacher oforganic chemistry.Agnes Fay Morgan, Ph.D. 19 14, Professor of Household Science, University ofCalifornia, Berkeley, has a laboratory fullof research people, numbering 25 — 15 ofwhom are working toward the Ph.D. degree, ali of them under the personal direction of Dr. Morgan.Ralph Lyman Brown, Ph.D. 1917, hasresigned as research chemist of the U. S.Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,to accept an appointment in the ResearchDepartment of the Atmospheric NitrogenCorporation, Allied Chemical Company,Syracuse, New York.Stephen Popoff, Ph.D. 19 18, holds anAssistant Professorship in lowa State University, lowa City, lowa. Dr. Popoff hasbeen doing important originai work in quantitative analysis.28o THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMorris S. Kharasch, Ph.D. 1919, resigned the Professorship of Organic Chemistry, University of Maryland, to accept anappointment as Associate Professor of Organic Chemistry at the University of Chicago, and joined the staff October 1, 1928.Mary Meda Rising, Ph.D. 1920, Assistant Professor of Chemistry, University ofChicago, is the author of a chapter onhypnotics, "First Aid for Insomnia" in"Chemistry in Medicine" published by theChemical Foundation in the Autumn of1928.Herman Vance Tartar, Ph.D. 1920, whotook his doctorate work in organic chemistry, is professor of Physical Chemistry atthe University of Washington. This is oneof the many instances in which the broadfundamental training of University of Chicago Ph.D.'s has made them highly success-ful in a field foreign to their Ph.D. work.Lillian V. Eichelberger ( Mrs. RalphCannon), Ph.D. 1921, is a research fellowin the medicai department of the University on the Lasker Foundation, workingon hormones.Ph.D. 1921Aaron Feldman, has taken his M.D degree at the University of Illinois Schoolof Medicine and is now practicing medicine in New York City.Anson Hayes resigned his appointment asAssociate Professor of Chemistry, lowaState College, Ames, lowa, to accept anappointment as research chemist with theArmco Company, Middletown, Ohio. Dr.Hayes did important research work on steelsduring his last years at lowa State College.Isadore Meyer Jacobsohn, ResearchChemist, Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C, developed at the Bureau ofStandards a substitute for gold beater's skinfor use in airships, which promises to be ofthe greatest importance in the developmentof large airships.Robert Sanderson Mulliken, resigned hisappointment as Assistant Professor ofPhysics, New York University, to acceptan appointment as Associate Professor ofPhysics at the University of Chicago andjoined the staff at Ryerson in October. James H. C. Smith, Research Chemistwith Dr. Spoehr at the Carnegie InstitutionLaboratory, Carmel, California, has returned from a year of study in Europe.Earl C. Gilbert, Ph.D. 1922, AssociateProfessor of Chemistry, Oregon Agri-cultural College, Corvallis, Oregon, isspending a Sabbatical year in Europe as aGuggenheim Fellow. The first period ofhis stay has been spent at Copenhagen inthe laboratory of Professor Bronsted,Samuel L. Madorsky, Ph.D. 1923, hasaccepted a DuPont Research Fellowship atthe University of Chicago as assistant toProfessor Kharasch.Mary Lura Sherrill, Ph.D. 1923 Associate Professor of Chemistry, Mt. HolyokeCollege, is spending a year in the universities of Belgium as holder of a BelgianInternational Fellowship.Karl Stone Means, Ph.D. 1924, resignedhis position as Professor of Chemistry, Mil-ligan College, Tennessee to accept an Associate Professorship at Butler College, Indianapolis, Indiana.Ph.D. 1925Gladys Leavell is professor of Chemistryat the College of St. Catherine, St. Paul,Minnesota.Andrew McNally Neff has given up hisresearch fellowship at Mellon Institute.Dr. Neff was married last September to aPittsburgh young lady.Thomas William Ray has accepted anAssistant Professorship in PhysiologicalChemistry in the School of Medicine ofMarquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.Ph.D. 1926Paul Luther Karl Gross, Instructor inChemistry, Pomona College, Claremont,California, was critically ili and was obligedto return to Chicago, where he was undertreatment during the greater part of thesummer and autumn quarters. Dr. W. A.Noyes Jr., Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University ofChicago, devoted his vacation quarter (autumn) to filling the place of Dr. Gross atPomona College in the interest of Dr.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 281Gross. It is a pleasure to record that Dr.Gross is now wholly recovered and willresumé his work at the beginning of the nextsemester.Nicholas A. Milas, following his secondyear as National Research Fellow, accepteda research appointment at the MassachusettsInstitute of Technology.C. O. Miller, has resigned his positioni895James West fall Thompson, professor ofmedieval history in the University of Chicago, published last year Feudal Germanywith the University of Chicago Press andEconomie and Social History of the MiddleAges with the Century Company. Lastsummer Professor Thompson taught in theUniversity of California. During theautumn quarter, in the absence of Professor Dodd, he was acting chairman of thedepartment in the University of Chicago.1897James Fosdick Baldwin, professor of history in Vassar College, engaged in thesummer session of the University of Colorado last year.1900Frank George Franklin is librarian andprofessor of library science in WillametteUniversity, Salem, Oregon. In recent yearshe has travelled widely, visiting Japan andChina in the summer of 1928.1901George Clarke Sellery, dean of the college of letters and science and professorof history in the University of Wisconsin,is co-author with A. C. Krey of MedievalFoundations of Western Civilization, published in January by Harpers.1904Charles Oscar Paullin, staff member ofthe department of historical research, Car-negie Institution of Washington, has recently published "Pian and Harbor of theCity of Annapolis, 178 1," in U. S. NavalInstitute Proceedings, LIV, No. 7. and he as Instructor and Curator at the Universityof Chicago to accept an appointment asAssistant Professor of Physiological Chemistry in the Medicai School of NorthwesternUniversity.Bernard R. Mortimer, is a Fellow, engaged in research at the Northwestern Medicai School of Chicago, in the Departmentof Physiology.has in process of publication "An Atlas ofthe Historical Geography of the UnitedStates," which will be published by theCarnegie Institution of Washington.1906Julian Pleasant Bretz, professor of•American history in Cornell University hascontributed to the January number of theAmerican Historical Review an article on"The Economie Background of the LibertyParty."Marcus Wilson Jernegan, professor ofAmerican history in the University of Chicago, is author of a book on The AmericanColonies 1492-1750 which has just comefrom the press of Longmans; also of "TheProvince Charter (1689-1715)" which constitutes the first chapter in the second volume of Commonwealth History of Massachusetts, edited by A. B. Hart. The following are recent articles by ProfessorJernegan: "Benjamin Franklin's 'ElectricalKite' and Lightning Rod," in the New Eng-land Quarterly, Aprii, 1928; "A Child'sDiary on a Whaling Voyage," edited withintroduction in New England Quarterly,January 1929; "The Development of PoorRelief in Oolonial Virginia," in SocialService Review, March, 1929Edward Benjamin Krehbiel is vice-presi-dent of the Gorham Company of NewYork, having charge of its retail business.1907C. Henry Smith, professor of history inBluffton College, Bluffton, Ohio, published.last year with the Mennonite Book Con-cern of Berne, Indiana, a volume entitledDepartment of History282 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEThe Corning of the Russian Mennonites,An Episode in the Settling of the LastFrontier; this year he has brought outthrough the Pennsylvania German Societya book on The Immigration of Mennonitesinto Pennsylvania during the EighteenthCentury. Professor Smith has sabbatica!leave for the coming year, which he willdevote to travel and study in Europe.Walter Robinson Smith, professor ofeducational sociology in the University ofKansas, is the author of Principles of Educational Sociology published by HoughtonMifflin in 1928. To the March and December (1928) numbers, respectively, ofthe Journal of Educational Sociology hecontributed the following articles: "TheNeed of a Consensus in the Field of Educational Sociology" and "Essentials of theFirst Course in Educational Sociology." Before a meeting of College Teachers of Education at Cleveland, Ohio on February 25,Professor Smith read a paper on "The Im-provement of Institutional Processes as anEnd of Education." Next summer he willteach in the summer session of the University of Wisconsin.1910Schuyler Baldwin Terry has been a vice-president of the Chase Securites Corporation since February 16, 1928.1911James Garfield Randall, associate professor of history in the University of Illinois, is editing with T. C. Pease, Ph.D.I9H, the Diary of Orville H. Browning,the second volume of which is soon to ap-pear in the Illinois Historical Collections.At the recent Indianapolis meeting of theAmerican Historical Association ProfessorRandall read a paper on "Inter-relations ofSocial and Constitutional History." He isnow on sabbatical leave in Washington, pur-suing studies in American constitutionalhistory. Next summer he will teach againin Duke University.1914Wilmer Carlyle Harris, professor andhead of the department of European history in Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, ismanaging editor of Ohio Social Science Journal, a new quarterly sponsored by theSocial Science Division of Ohio University.Theodore Calvin Pease, professor of history in the University of Illinois, will bea member of the summer staff in the University of Chicago. As previously noted(see under 191 1), Professor Pease is coeditor with J. G. Randall of the Diary ofOrville H. Browning.1915Reginald Charles McGrane, professor ofhistory in the University of Cincinnati,taught in the University of Chicago lastsummer and will teach there again nextsummer.1916Charles Oscar Hardy, staff member ofthe Institute of Economics, Washington,D. C, was one of the speakers in a jointdiscussion held last October before the NewYork chapter of the American Statistica!Association on the subject "Relation of Interest Rates and Security Prices."Glenn Vernon Burroughs is professor ofEuropean History in State Teachers College, Kirksville, Mo.1920Derwent Stainthorpe Whittlesey transferred last year from the University ofChicago to Harvard University, where heis assistant professor of Geography special-izing in the field of human geography.A paper entitled "Schema for the Study ofthe Agricultural Occupance of Land" wasread by Professor Whittlesey last Decemberbefore the Association of American Geog-raphers in New York.1922Cecil Meme Putnam Cross is AmericanConsul at Cape Town, South Africa.Granted leave of absence in September, hehas spent the last four or Uve months in theUnited States. Dr. Cross is now returningto South Africa, to resumé his consularduties at Cape Town.Wesley Marsh Gewehr, professor of history in Denison University, will teach inRutgers University next summer. At themeeting of the American Church HistorySociety in Chicago last March he read apaper on "The Rise of Popular Churches inTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAQO MAGAZINE 283Warner Public Library, Tarrytown, N. Y. Walter D. Blair, Architect. ErnestL. Smith Construction Co., Builders. Built of Select Gray indiana LimestoneBuildings to be Proud ofTHE all-stone exterior, so much ad-mired, is not prohibitively expensive.New methods and large scale productionof Indiana Limestone make this beautiful,light-colored naturai stone so moderate incost that there is usually no reason why itcannot be used.Let us send you our illustrated bookletshowing examples of school and collegiatebuildings of the better type. Many trimas well as all-stone buildings are shown inits pages. A reading of this booklet willgive you a clear picture of what is beingdone the country over in college buildings.For the booklet, address Dept. 819, Ser- Detail, New York Acodemj 0/ Medicine,vice Bureau, Bedford, Indiana. New York City.York & Sawyer, Architects.INDIANA LIMESTONE COMPANYQeneral Offices: Bedford, Indiana Executive Offices: Tribune Tower, Chicago284 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEVirginia, 1740-90," which was afterwardspublished in the Aprii number of the SouthAtlantic Quarterly. The Journal of Re-ligion for January, 1928, carried an articlewritten by him on "Factors in the Expan-sion of Frontier Methodism." This springDuke University Press will publish hisstudy of "The Great Awakening in Virginia."Louis Martin Sears, professor of historyin Purdue University, published last yearthe following articles: "The Human Sideof Francis Lieber," in South AtlanticQuarterly, January, 1928; "Robert DaleOwen as a Mystic," in Indiana Magazineof History, March, 1928; "The NeapolitanMission of Enos Thompson Throop, 1838-1842," in Quarterly Journal of the NewYork State Historical Association, October,1928. Before the Indiana State HistoricalSociety on December 7, 1928, he read apaper on "The Neapolitan Mission ofRobert Dale Owen, 1853-1858." His ad-dress before the Phi Beta Kappa Society atPurdue University on December 3, 1928,was published as a pamphlet in February.A fellowship in the Royal Historical Societycarne to Dr. Sears last summer.1923Isaac Newton Edwards was promotedlast year to professor of the history ofeducation in the University of Chicago.An article by him on "The Law Governingthe Creation, Alteration and Control ofSchool Districts" appeared in the Elemen-tary School Journal, XXVIII, 73-89.Frances Elma Gillespie, assistant professor of history and departmental counselor in the University of Chicago, expectsto go to England in June for a stay of sixmonths. There she will collect materialfor a study of the relations between laborand the Liberal Party during the Glad-stonian period, which in effect will bea continuation of the subject treated inher book, Labor and Politics in England,1850-1867.George Rawlings Poage, professor ofhistory and director of the department inthe College of Industriai Arts, Texas StateCollege for Women, Denton, Texas, con- tributed an article on "The College Careerof William Jennings Bryan" to the Sep*tember number of the Mississippi VolleyHistorical Review.1924George Williams Brown, assistant professor in the department of history, University of Toronto, is associate editor of theCanadian Historical Review. Last yearDr. Brown published the following articles:"The St. Lawrence in the Boundary Settlement of 1783," in Canadian HistoricalReview, September, 1928; "The Deepeningof the St. Lawrence," in Round Table,September, 1928; "The St. LawrenceWaterway in the Nineteenth Century," inQueens Quarterly, Autumn, 1928.Avery Odelle Craven has left the University of Illinois and is now associate professor of history in the University ofChicago. On Novmber 23 Professor Craven addressed the Illinois State TeachersAssociation at Urbana on the subject "TheSouth in American History." At the Indianapolis meeting of the American Historical Association in December, he was oneof the leaders in the discussion on "TheCentral Theme of Southern History" andalso gave a talk on "Research in Agricul-tural History." During the last fewmonths he has reviewed a number of booksfor the New York Herald-Tribune.Alfred Proctor James, professor of history in the University of Pittsburgh, willteach this summer in Pennsylvania StateCollege, State College, Pa. Within thelast year Dr. James has given a series ofeleven radio talks on "Recent Interpreta-tions of American History," one radio talkon "Christmas in Colonial Days" and another on "Christmas in Frontier Days."These talks have been published in numbers 34 and 44, respectively, of the University of Pittsburgh Radio Publications.1925Elizabeth Cable Brook is associate professor of history in Randolph-Macon Wo-man's College, Lynchburg, Va.Walter Louis Dorn is now assistant professor of history in the University of Wisconsin.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 285Permanent Teaching Positions at Better PayWe help you to more lasting tenure, larger opportunities and better pay. The years of experience of our personnel as teachers and executives in public schools and colleges adds to the necognizedefficiency of this organization an understanding of the needs of both teachers and offici al s. The resultis better qualified teachers in positions of more opportunity — greater efficiency and fewer changes.Our more than forty years of nation wide experience in placing college teachers and executives, superintendents, principals and secondary teachers promotes the satisfaction and progress of bothindividuai and schools. Write for InformationCE. GOODELL, President and General ManagerMF^L W TEACHERS 28 e ast Jackson blvd.Ki§h&zk ChicagoThe Old Reliable Agency —47th YearCLARK- BREWERCollege Department for Mastersand DoctorsSalaries $2500 UpwardsSecondary School Dept. offers vacanciesin suburban and city schools at college salaries thus attracting teachers with graduatedegrees. "Divine discontent is the mother ofprogress". Unless your job is really first class,we hope you are not contented!CHICAGO; 64 E. JacksonNEW YORK, Flatiron Bldg.PITTSBURGH, Jenkins ArcadeMINNEAPOLIS, Globe BuildingKANSAS CITY, N. Y. Life Bldg.SPOKANE, WASH.Chamb. Comm. Bldg.Yours for Results!THE YATES-FISHERTEACHERS' AGENCYEstablished igoóPaul Yates, Manager6l6-620 SOUTH MICHIGAN AVENUECHICAGO Albert Teachers* AgencyCollege Division25 E. Jackson Boulevard, Chicago535 Fifth Ave., New York CityFor forty-f our years at the headof College and State Teachers*College placement service. Professore and Instructors sent byus to every State University. Menand women with advanced degreeswill find here what they want.Send for College booklet andCollege blank. Better stili, caliat our office.THE J. M. HAHNTEACHERS AGENCYA Western Placement BureauElementary, Secondary, CollegeAlways in quest of outstanding educatorsfor important positions. Teachers with high-er degrees in demand. Doctors of Phi-losophy urgently needed for college anduniversity positions now listed.J. M. Hahn and Bianche TuckerManagers2161 Shattuck Ave. Berkeley, California286 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEHoward Copeland Hill, assistant professor of the teaching of social science, College of Education, and head of the department of social science, University HighSchool, University of Chicago, has recentlypublished through Ginn and Company twobooks entitled respectively CommunityCivics and Vocational Civics. He is alsoauthor of the following articles: "Buildinga Unit in Civics" in Ohio Schools, September, 1928; "The Use of Tests in theTeaching of the Social Studies" in Historical Outlook, January, 1929. On No-vember 23, Dr. Hill addressed the annualmeeting of the Louisiana State TeachersAssociation at Baton Rouge, La.Loren Carey MacKinney, associate professor of history in Louisiana State University, has prepared an article on "The Laityin French Councils of the Eleventh Century," which will appeal in a forthcomingnumber of the Journal of Religion.Herman Clarence Nixon, formerly assistant professor of history in Vanderbilt University, last year became associate professorof history in the Tulane University of Louisiana. He has recently published the following articles: "The Cleavage within theFarmers' Alliance Movement" in Mississippi Valley Historical Review, June, 1928 ;"Precursors of Turner in the Interpretationof the American Frontier" in South Atlantic Quarterly, January, 1929; "The Decline of Sectionalism" in Southwest Review,January, 1929.1926Alice Mary Baldwin, dean of women andassistant professor of history in Duke University, was last March elected presidentof the North Carolina Association of Deansof Women. In January, 1928, Dr. Baldwin 's book on The New England Clergyand the American Revolution was publishedby the Duke University Press.Elijah Jerome James is now professorand head of the department of history inHanover College, Hanover, Indiana.Clarence Ray Keim, formerly assistantprofessor of history in lowa State TeachersCollege, has been professor of American history in Manchester College, North Manchester, Indiana, since 1927.Andrew Wellington Cordier, 1926, prcKfessor and head of the department of fris.tory in Manchester College, NorthManchester, Indiana, spent last summerin Europe and plans to go there again f0rstudy in the near future.1927Mary Bernard Alien is instructor in his-tory in H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College, New Orleans, La.Lewis Ethan Ellis held an instructorshipin history in Purdue University during theyear 1927-28. He is now assistant professor of history in Rutgers University.William Thomas Hutchinson, assistantprofessor of history in the University ofChicago, is engaged in writing a biographyof Cyrus McCormick.Barnabas Hai-Tsung Lei is associate professor of history in National Central University (formerly National SoutheasternUniversity), Nanking, China, where heteaches western history. Dr. Lei reportsthat this university has "a very good librarywhich can supply me ali the books I needand will promptly buy any book I want."Benjamin Harrison Pershing, dean ofmen and associate professor of history inWittenberg College, Springfield, Ohio, hasprepared an article on Edgar A. Cowan forthe Dictionary of American Biography. Atthe next meeting of the Mississippi ValleyHistorical Association he will read a paperon Winthrop Sargent and he has in prepara-tion an article for the Ohio Archaeologicaland Historical Quarterly.1928Eugene Newton Anderson received hisdegree in December with a dissertation on"The Moroccan Crisis, 1904- 1906." Dr.Anderson has for several years been an instructor in history in the University ofChicago.Conrad J. I. Bergendo-ff, who likewisereceived his degree at the end of the autunniquarter, wrote a dissertation on OlavusPetri and the Ecclesiastica! Trans formationNEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 287in S 'io eden, which has already appeared as aMacmillan publication. To the AugustanaQuarterly for September, 1928, Dr. Berg-endoff contributed an article on "The Social Philosophy of Jonathan Edwards."Dr. Bergendoff is pastor of the SalemLutheran Church of Chicago.Henry Steele Commager was graduatedin June, submitting a dissertation on "Stru-ensee and the Reform Movement in Den-mark." Dr. Commager is instructor inhistory in New York University.Morrison Beali GifEen presented a dissertation entitled "Fashoda, the Incidentand Its Diplomatic Setting," and wasawarded his degree at the June convocation.Dr. Gifren's present address is Tarkio, Missouri.Raymond Curtis Miller prepared a dissertation on "The Populist Party in Kansas" and was one of the June graduates.Dr. Miller is assistant professor of historyin the College of the City of Detroit.Haywood Jefferson Pearce, Jr., receivedhis degree at the March convocation. Hisdissertation, entitled Benjamin H. Hill, Se-cession and Reconstruction, was publishedlast October by the University of ChicagoPress. To the Dictionary of AmericanBiography he has contributed an article on"Benjamin H. Hill." Hisw"Response tothe Toast: 'The Immortai Memory ofRobert Burns!' " delivered before the BurnsClub of Atlanta in January has been printedin a pamphlet. On February 11, Dr.Pearce read a paper on "Government byLobby" before the Southeastern PoliticaiScience Association in Atlanta. He is vice-president and professor of history in BrenauCollege, Gainesville, Ga.Jennings Bryan Sanders was graduatedàt the autumn convocation, having presenteda dissertation on "The Development of theExecutive Departments of the ContinentalCongress, 1774-1789." Dr. Sanders isnow an instructor in history in the University of Chicago.Watt Stewart with a dissertation on'Early United States-Argentine DiplomaticRelations," was another autumn graduate.He has contributed an article on "The $184*50 uPTourist Third Cabin— the Happy Collegiate WayThat's putting Europe within your vaca-tion budget. Not when you're old and de-crepit, but this summer. Not on poky oldboats, but on the newest, f astest liners of theshort St. Lawrence seaway .... and inCanadian Pacific standards of fine living!With a jolly Collegiate Tour party, youcan "do" England, Belgium, Holland, Ger-many, France for $406, ali expenses paid.Other combinations at similar prices. Instyle that's become famous.Don't wait until ali the outside rooms-are taken; select yours now.to and from the ORIENTLow cost student service, Vancouver taJapan, China, the Philippines, on greatWhite Empresses, quickest way across thePacific.Travet expert will bring or send youcomplete information. Noobligation. Phone orwriteR. S. Elworthy, Steamship General Agent71 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111.TELEPHONE WABASH 1904CanadianPacificWorld *s Greatest Travel System288 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEWhat Partof My IncoineCan I Lay Asidefor Life Insurance?CONCRETE FACTS speaklouder than words.Here is the actual program of ayoung man, 28, married, with twochildren. His income is $5,000 ayear.The annual premiums amountto about $600, leaving a balanceof $4,400 for the support of hisfamily, an easy proposition forambitious young parents lookingto the future.What does he get for his $600?An estate of $30,000, $5,000to be paid in cash at his death, therest held in trust to pay $100 amonth to his widow during herlifetime, the remaining principalto go to the children after herdeath.If you are interested in arrangingan estate for yourself, let us helpyou make your plans to suit yourown needs.INQUIRY BUREAU"Life Insurance Company^of Boston, Massachusetts197 CLARENDON ST., BOSTON, MASS.I am interested in building an estatealong the lines described in your ad-vertisement. Please send me furtherinformation.Name »««„«..„..„ Address South American Commission, 1817-1818"to the February ( 1929) number of the His*panie American Historical Review, and onNovember 30, read a paper on "The Rati,fìcation of the Thomson-Urentia Treaty"before a meeting of the Oklahoma Academyof Science at Stillwater, Okla. Dr. Stewartis professor of history in Oklahoma Agri-cultural and Mechanical College, Stillwater, Okla.Clifton Edwin Van Sickle presented adissertation on "The Coregency and theSuccession in the Early Roman Empire"and received his degree in June. He isprofessor of history and head of the department in Franklin College, Franklin, Indiana. To the Aprii and July numbers,respectively, of Classical Philology, Dr.Van Sickle has contributed articles on "TheLegai Status of Clodius Albinus in theYears 193-196" and "The Headings of Re-scripts of the Severi in the Justinian Code."Maude Howlett Woodfin received herdegree at the end of the summer quarterwith a dissertation on "Citizen Genet andHis Mission. " Dr. Woodfin holds the position of associate professor of history inWesthampton College, University of Richmond, Richmond, Va.Department of Economics1897 — George G. Tunell published anarticle entitled "Value for Rate Makingand Recapture of Excess Income', in theFebruary, 1928, issue of the Journal ofPoliticai Economy.1899 — H. A. Millis was appointedChairman of the Department of Economicsupon the resignation of Professor Marshallon July 1, 1928.1900 — Worthy Putnam Sterns on January 8th retired as special Examiner in theFederai Trade Commission, Dept. of Commerce and Labor, Washington, D.C. after aservice of more than a quarter of a century.1905 — Edith Abbott, Dean of the Graduate School of Social Service Administration, the University of Chicago, is one ofthe managing editors of the Social ServiceReview, the first number of which appearedin March, 1927.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS19 17 — Frederic B. Garver has recentlypublished through Ginn and Company abook entitled "Principles of Economics,"in collaboration with A. H. Hansen.1920 — Edward B. Mittelman on sab-batical leave from Oregon State Collegenext year will devote his time to the com-pletion of a text on labor problems. Hehas recently completed two studies for theUnited States Department of Agriculture.192 1 — Walter M. W. Splawn has recently published through the MacmillanCompany a book on "Government Owner-ship and Operation of Railroads."Tg22 — Helen Wright is now AssociateProfessor of Social Economy at the University of Chicago.1924 — James E. Moffat published anarticle entitled "Nationalism and EconomieTheory,, in the August, 1928, issue of theJournal of Politicai Economy.1925 — R. E. Montgomery, associate professor of economics, University of Texas,in 1927 published a book on the ChicagoBuilding Trades. He is now collaboratingwith Professor Millis on a text on laborproblems which is to be published by theCentury Company.Lysle W. Cooper, Professor of Economics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, hasrecently published the following articles:"Theories of the Labor Movement, AsSet Forth in Recent Literature," QuarterlyJournal of Economics, November, 1928;"Organized Labor and the Trust," Journalof Politicai Economa, December, 1928;"The Injunction comes to Wisconsin," TheNew Re public, January 23, 1929.Harold A. Logan, Professor and Headof Department of Economics and Sociology,Randolph - Macon Woman's College,Lynchburg, Virginia, has recently publisheda book entitled "A History of Trade-UnionOrganization in Canada," in the series''Materials for the Study of Business" ofThe University of Chicago Press.1926 — S. J. Coon has resigned the Dean-ship oj the School of Commerce at the University of Montana to become Professor ofEconomics at the University of Washington,Seattle, Washington. Why BusinessDoes What It DoesTo the student interestedin business administrationand profits the Swift & Company 1929 Year Book offersa comprehensive report of ayear's operations.The report of the president, analysis of sources ofsupply, methods of merchandising — ali are presented, aswell as the annual statement.A copy will be sent to youf ree. Fili out the coupon andmail.Swift & CompanySwift & CompanyPublic Relations Dept., 4037 Packers Ave.,U. S. Yards, Chicago, 111.Please send me a copy of the 1929 SwiftYear Book.Name Address 290 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEGoing Abroad?New TRAVEL Booksto read firstHuddleston — NormandyFoster — The Caribbean CruiseGrant and Richards —The Coast of PleasureSherwood and Mantz —The Road to CathayMarch — Bermuda Daysand for AmericaAlbright and Taylor — Oh, Ranger!Guides and Mapsat theU. of C. Bookstore5802 Ellis Ave.Paul H. Davis, 'n Herbert I. Markham, Ex. 'o6Ralph W. Davis, 'i6 Walter M. Giblin, '23Paai RDavIs & Go*MEMBERSNEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGECHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE37 South LaSalle StreetTelephone Rand. 6280CHICAGOCHICAGO COLLEGIATEBUREAU OF OCCUPATIONSRoom 1816 5 South Wabash Ave.MARGUERITE HEWITT McDANIELManaging DirectorVocational Informationand PlacementBusiness — Domestic Science — SocialService — ScientificSecretarial Positions for TrainedCollege Girls Always Available Joseph E. Cummings, who had beenAssistant Professor at the University ofMinnesota, died in May of 1927.Simeon E. Leland, associate professor ofeconomics, University of Chicago, has recently published a book entitled "The Class-ified Property Tax in the United States"in the Hart, Schaffner and Marx prizeessay series. He is at present conductingan investigation into the cost of governmentin the state of Illinois.Harry DeMerle Wolf is now associateprofessor of economics at the University ofNorth Carolina, Chapel Hill.1927 — Emily Clark Brown on a grantfrom the Social Science Research Councilspent last year studying industriai relationsin the printing industry in eastern cities andin England. Her results have recently beenpublished as Bulletin 481, United StatesBureau of Labor Statistics. Miss Brownis now employed in a research capacity bythe Woman's Bureau, Department ofLabor.James Roy Jackson, assistant professor offinance at St. Louis University, St. Louis,Missouri, has now in press his doctor's thesis"A Statistical Comparison of Common withPreferred Stock." It is to be published inthe series, "Materials for the Study ofBusiness," University of Chicago Press.Mable A. Magee, research associate, Department of Economics, University of Chicago, has recently sent to press a manuscript entitled, "Trends of Location in theWomen's Clothing Industry." It is to bepublished in the series, "Materials for theStudy of Business," University of ChicagoPress.MARRIAGESBIRTHS, ENGAGEMENTSDEATHSMarriagesEsther C. Torrison, '18, to David T.Nelson. At home 605 Jefferson St., Decorali, lowa.NEWS OF THE CLASSES AND ASSOCIATIONS 291G. Russell Kershaw, ex '23, to WinifredChurch, October 24, 1928. At home, 8714Harper Ave., Chicago, IllinoisL. E. Blauch, Ph.D. '23, to Mary Bran-fiock in July 1928. At home, Greensboro,North Carolina.Madeline S. Koll, '27, to Abe Sapier,November 3, 1928. At home, Hotel Addirai, Chicago, Illinois.Frances O. Brooks, '28, to Howard H.Keeler September 11, 1928. At home, 166Niagara Ave., Dayton, Ohio.Loren E. Bennett, ex, to Elizabeth Chris-man in June 1928. At home, 371 NorthStreet, Hinsdale, Illinois.EngagementsHelen McPike, '24, to Willard W.Strani of Cornell University.James C. Wade, '27, to Katherine Fitz-gerald, '28.BirthsTo Dr. O. W. Rest, ex, and Mrs. Resta daughter, Margaret Ami, February 13,1929 at Chicago, Illinois.To Denton H. Sparks, '16, and Mrs.Sparks, a daughter, Gail Ruth, January28, 1929 at Chicago, Illinois.To Arthur C. Wickenden, A.M. '20,D.B. '21, and Mrs. Wickenden (EthelFrances Russell) '16, a son, Roger Consand,July 11, 1928 at Oxford, Ohio.To J. Albert Dear Jr., '20, and Mrs.Dear, (Ella Cyrene Bakke) '19, a son,Ralph Gannon, December 28, 1928 atJersey City, New Jersey.To Loyal L. Minor, A.M. '21, and Mrs.Minor, a daughter, Ruth Genevieve, Aug-ust 16, 1928 at Mason City, lowa.To Mr. and Mrs. Ezra Pike Rounds(Melvina Scoville) '23, a son, StephenPike, October 7, 1928 at Exeter, NewHampshire.To Mr. and Mrs. Henry S. Wright(Martha S. Gose) '25, a daughter, CarolLouise, November 11, 1927 at Racine, Wisconsin. iTo Mr. and Mrs. Thomas B. Coulter(Eleanor Howard) A.M. '27, twindaughters, September 30, 1928 at Tulsa,Oklahoma. Stephens CollegeColumbia, MissouriA Junior College forWomenFully Accredited by theUniversity of ChicagoLet Us Teli You About theFour Year Junior CollegeCourse for Your DaughterJAMES M. WOODPresidentAbbot Aeademy1828-1929For a century one of New England'sleading Schools for Girls.National PatronageAdvanced Courses for High Schoolgraduates. College Preparation. Ex-ceptional opportunities in Art andMusic. Outdoor Sports.Address: Bertha Bailey, PrincipalBox P, Andover, MassachusettsMOSERSHORTHAND COLLEGEA business school of distinctionSpecial Three Months' IntensiveCourse for university graduatesor undergraduates givenquarterlyBulletin on RequestPaulMoserJ. D., Ph.B.116 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago292 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEALUMNIPROFESSIONALDIRECTORYInsuranceJohnJ. Cleary,Jr.,'14175 W. Jackson Blvd., Wabash 1240Eldredge, Carolan, Graham & ClearyReal EstateJ. Alton Lauren, '19J. Alton Lauren and Co.139 N. Clark St. Randolph 2068UNIVERSITYCOLLE GÈThe downtown department of The University of Chicago, ii6 S. Michigan Avenue,wishes the Alumni of the University andtheir friends to know that it offersEvening, Late Afternoon and Saturday ClassesTwo-Hour Sessions Once or Twice a WeekCourses Credited Toward University DegreesThe Spring Quarter begins Monday, Aprii 1, 1929Registration Period, March 22 to 30, 1929For Information, AddressDean, C. F.Huth University College,University of Chicago, Chicago, 111.ALL THE NEWBOOKSOur Storeas near as yourmail boxHyde Park 16901311 E. 57th St.WOODWORTH'S DeathsRoger P. Stephenson, D.B. '85, February 18, 1928, at Arvada, Colorado. Mr.Stephenson had almost completed a serviceof fifty years in the ministry.Barney Hicks Chamberlin, M.D. '87,,February 10, 1929, In Whittier, California.Dr. Chamberlin's home address was 518 N.Cuyler Avenue, Oak Park, Illinois.Edward C. Hayes, Ph.D. '02, August 7,1928, at Urbana, Illinois. He was headof the Department of Sociology at the Uni-versity of Illinois.Eugene G. Clancy, M.D. '03, August1, 1928 at his home in Chicago.Edgar Kincaid Chapman, A.M. 'io, November 3, 1928 in Crawfordsville, Indiana.Thomas B. Freas, Ph.D. '11, Aprii1928 in New York City following an oper-ation. Mr. Freas was at one time con-nected with the University of Chicago inthe Chemistry Department.Laurence M. Tharp, '19, January 18,1929 at the Sturgis Memorial Hospital,Sturgis, Michigan of pneumonia. In 1916while attending the University of Chicagohe enlisted in the army for service on theMexican border and entered the ofEcerstraining camp at Fort Myer, Virginia, whenthe United States entered the world war.He served in France as first lieutenant inthe Intelligence Department, and at thedose of the war was performing the dutiesof a captain and had been recommended forthat commission. Due to the signing of theArmistice ali further commissions werewithheld. He was an active member of thePsi Upsilon fraternity while in the University.Joseph E. Cummings, Ph.D. '26, May 5,1927, at Minneapolis, Minnesota. Mr.Cummings was assistant professor at theUniversity of Minnesota.THE FAULKNER SCHOOL FOR GIRLS4746 Dorchester Avenue (Co-operative with the University of Chicago) Telephone Oakland 1423A DAY SCHOOL FOR GIRLS OF ALL AGESThe school is a member of the North Central Association of Schools and Colleges and prepares its graduates for ali colleges and universities admittingwomen. The College Board Examinalions are given at the school. The college preparatory work is under the direction ofMISS ELIZABETH FAULKNER, PrincipalBovs are admitted to the Kindergarten Department, which is under the direction ofMISS GEORGENE FAULKNER• u£Ì^.TaaiÌiHLargest Block of Power, either steam or hydro, ever installedin one operation. Finished six months ahead of schedule.Stone & Webster, Inc., designers, builders, and Consulting engineersSTONE & WEBSTERINCORPORATEDRESEARCH, THE MAINSPRINGSCARCELY a wheel turns in the making of the nation's tele-phones but that careful research has determined itshould do so.Here, then, is a great factory in which scientific measurementis applied to the performance of virtually every machine and pro-cess through the efforts of an entire organization devoted solcly to theinvestigation and improvement of current methods and facilities.In this Development Department arise questions whose an-swers often cali 'for extreme breadth of viewpoint. Is it.time torevise an age-old process? Will the outlay of large sums of moneyfor the re -design and reconstruction of a certain plant justifyitself by realization of economies in space and cost of operation?But the inquiring mind at Western Electric is not confined tomanufacturing only. To the work of purchasing and distributingfor the Bell System, Western Electric never ceases to put questions that also lead to progress.Western ElectricVurchasers Manufacturers. . . Distributors/ since <=^\ (~MI 1862 \ \£j\ FOR THE / MMi\BElt SYSTEM / *WI »