The Decisive Goal-Kick in the Wisconsin Game-Captain Russell Holding Ball, Shull Kicking.The University of ChicagoMagazineDECEMBER, 1915 NUMBER 2VOLUME VIIIEvents and DiscussionWould the Magazine make an accept­able Christmas gift to any of yourfriends amOong the alumni? If so, fillout the blank on page79 and send it imme­diately to the alumnioffice, and the Maga­zine for the current year, including theN overnber number, will be sent whereyou wish, with a card enclosed namingyou as the Good Fellow. Subsequentlya bill, for the subscription price only,will be sent you. If the idea strikes youfavorably, turn over to the blank now,before reading further, and sign it; youcan fill in the name of the recipient later.Have you done it? Thank you.The business manager sent out re­cently to various, alumni a list of othersin their immediate neighborhoods whowere not subscribers to the Magazine,asking them to find out why this wasthus. The answers he has received areinteresting both in themselves and in thespirit of co-operation they show. OnePhi Beta Kappa track man, now a law­yer, wrote: "I do not feel that I canafford the time just now for a personalcanvass, and besides, such work is par­ticularly distasteful to me"-whereuponhe sends back the list of names correctedand annotated, which is almost as goodas a list of subscribers. Another alum­nus, from the east this time, says: "Youevidently don't know that this is a regu­lar town, and short of an automoblietrip a personal canvass would not be pos-MerryChristmas! sible; but I intend to compose a heart­throb that I believe will bring home thebacon." An alumna writes: "I calledthis afternoon on the only person whosename was on your list, and she has theslip in her possession." Yet another de­mands sample copies of the Magazineat once, saying, "I shall be glad to doall I can." Another says laconically,"Your wishes shall be executed." FromDetroit one writes, "I have written tothe four on your list. Here are fourmore that I know of whose names youdid not send me." So it goes. Ap­parently the alumni are perfectly willingto co-operate. Those of you who havereceived these letters, if you are amongthe large group who say, "I should be'glad to help out the association, if Iknew what to do," will recognize hereyour opportunity. You can do some­thing definite, which will be of realvalue. As for the rest of you, don'tworry; you will get your chance, if youdo not make it. We think the Magazinecan really be of service to the alumni,and we mean to extend the sphere of itsusefulness as fast as we can. If you. like it, help along; if you do not like it,send us your complaint, and at least youwill receive a personal letter from theeditor, either accepting your suggestionor explaining why it is not acted on.Meanwhile, a very Merry Christmasto all alumni, regardless of age, sex, orprevious conditions of subscriptionhood!44 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINESecretary Dickerson's statement on alater page gives in outline the presentplans for next June. It will be seen thatthey .are on a largescale. Alumni areinterested in themgenerally and particu­larly; particularly inAlumni Day. In the past the June busi­ness meeting of the Alumni has beenoften disheartening and sometimes acrime. Last year, for instance, an oldalumnus, returning for the first time ina decade, went to the place which thebusiness meeting of the alumni wasscheduled for, and found a group ofundergraduates dancing. By persistentinquiry he finally discovered the businessmeeting in Harper. Missing many ofthe alumni whom he had expected tofind, however.: he learned that some ofthem, at least, were at a ball game heldat the same hour. 'W as this the faultof the association or of the alumni asindividuals? We venture to say, notwholly of either. It was in part the faultof the University. The University hadmade insufficient arrangements to en­courage the alumni in their businessmeeting. The meeting, like the alumnibody itself, was .made secondary to otherthings-the general public, the under­graduates and current convenience.What is this general public to whichthe University so often appeals? Since1892 something like 59,000 students havematriculated her e .Say, that of these,25,000 have been herein the summer only.Say that of the remainder, 19,000 wereeither in residence here too short a timeto feel the spell of the place, or else owea steadier allegiance to some other almamater. There are then at least ten thou­sand on whose hearts Chicago should bewritten like Calais on Queen Mary's.N ow, either this great group with theChicago hallmark are the test and reasonfor existence of the institution, ornothing is. By them the UniversityThe Twenty­fifthAnniversaryThe General- Public stands or falls. To them it must lookas a University) or to nobody. Is theappeal made to them? Are they ade­quately encouraged and trained to serv­ice? For the unfortunate matter is thatthese alumni do not need the University.The great mass of them are asking fornothing, have no idea of ever asking foranything. And those who are asking,are requesting what? A chance to betrained to service-no more. Humannature being what it is, they will notstrive and plan and organize to no appar­ent end. They will do nothing unlessappealed to. No organization can everbe expected to lift itself by its own bootstraps.Suppose the University to announce :that at this twenty-fifth anniversary notonly were alumni to be made welcome,not only was one dayA Possibility to be set apart forthem especially, withlZO conflict ; but that ten thousanddollars had been "set apart as a spe­cial anniversary fund for the devel­opment of almuni interest in the com­ing year, to be devoted to the organiza­tion of alumni clubs, the setting beforealumni, through these clubs and byprinted matter, of plans by which theUniversity can actually use them, the se­curing of a group of alumni speakers onthe program. Suppose the University de­clared its intention of arranging one Con­vocation each year altogether with thealumni in mind; procession, address, din­ner, honorary degrees? Suppose, when­ever the University had general informa­tion to give out, it asked itself, how canthis be published so that the alumni willrecognize in it their special and particu­lar interest? Suppose, in other words, theUniversity let it be known that from thisanniversary year and henceforward, itintended seriously to cultivate its alumni,develop them, tie them up so tightly toits affairs that they must struggle if theywished to be indifferent ? Wouldsuch a policy pay? Last month's MAGA­ZINE spoke of the problems of the Uni-EVENTS AND DISCUSSIONversity, and in what a spirit of earnest­ness and wisdom they were being andhad been considered and met. Is not thisrelation of University and alumni aproblem? Are we not excepting it onlyfrom the great dreams of the City Gray?The whole country has been ringingfor months now with the unpronounce­able slogan, Preparedness. Most peoplebelieve that untrainedPreparedness volunteer service cana C com p l ish littleagainst disciplined. troops, no matter howcourageous, how eager, how high inspirit your volunteers may be; and so wehave our training camps at Fort Sheri­dan, of which Mr. Munger wrote sowell in the November issue, and ourclass in military exercises at the Uni­versity (see the Record further on) ,and a thousand other and larger schemesfor training. But behind these schemesstands what, orgamZl11g, educating,financing? The United States Govern­ment. Nobody expects these volunteersnot only to give their time and theirmoney and their energy for nothing, butto do it as individuals, as uncorrelatedunits. Yet that is about what the alumniof Chicago are doing: The MAGAZINEhas. generous financial help from theUniversity, as the editor gratefully ac­knowledges, and the MAGAZINE means todo its level best to deserve the help. Butto get the most from the alumni, theUniversity should do more. It shouldput the same energy and care into theconsideration of the problem of itsalumni as it has put into the considera­tion of· the problem of new, buildings.The same? It should put more. Thebuildings are for the manufacture ofalumni; they are part of. the means, notthe end, and it is the end that counts.The alumni are volunteers, courageousand high-spirited; too, but they must bedrilled, trained for .service+-I'prepared."Given the chance, they will respond.A few days after this issue of the 45MAGAZINE .appears, there will be heldthe annual meeting of the IntercollegiateAthletic Conference.At this meeting thequestion of. allowing"s u 111 mer baseball"will come up. The students in. every col­Jege in the Conference are largely infavor of thus professionalizing the ath­lete; the boards, in . control. of athleticsare iin favor of it at, probably, at leastfive of the nine institutions in the Con­ference. Suppose the question is re­ferred back to the various collegesfor a vote, as it will be; supposethe majority vote favorably, as they will-what then for Chicago? "Summerbaseball" allowed her students? Inter­collegiate baseball under the handicap ofprohibiting professionalism here while itis allowed elsewhere? No intercollegiatebaseball? Or-possibly-no intercol­legiate athletics? For, of course, the"summer baseball" player does not con­fine his attention to baseball; not infre­quently, as in the case of Mr. Solon ofMinnesota, his baseball is a side issue;and so you have all forms of college ath­letics rapidly professionalized. Thepresent writer believes that he knows thegeneral trend of opinion among the fac­ulty and governing boards at Chicago,and that if "summer baseball" is allowedby the Conference there will be strongadvocacy here of the policy of intramuralathletics only. But whether a policy sodrastic will prevail is another question.For one thing, there is the $200,000.im­provement of Stagg Field to be consid­ered. Chicago shared this fall in theprofits from about 100,000 paid admis­sions to the seven games here and else­where. After one-fifth of a million dol­lars have been put into concrete, tothrow the whole plant into the discardso far as earning capacity is concerned,would be an heroic measure.In this connection attention may becalled to the undergraduate vote takenat seven of the nine Conference institu-IntercollegiateAthletics46 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZLVEtions early in N overn­ber, the result beingas follows:Against ForChicago 278 331lllinois 32 669Indiana 14 200Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 23 252Minnesota 171 1832Ohio State 31 414Wisconsin 78 775Analysis of the vote at Chicago, byclasses, shows that in the three upperclasses the vote stood 211 in favor ofsummer baseball and 212 opposed, butthe vote in the freshman class was 120to 66. It would seem that at Chicago,at least, the more one knows about uni­versity life the less he favors the pro­fessionalizing of athletics.Yetta Scheftel, A. M., 1907, andNathan Fine, Ph. B., '15, students in theDepartment of Political Economy of theUniversity, were win-Alumnis Win ners of the first prizesPrizes in the two divisionsof the 1915 PoliticalEconomy essay contest held by the Hart­Schaffner-Marx Company, of Chicago.Since 1905 the contest has been held an­nually. Four prizes are given, two ineach division. Any American is eligibleto the first group and any undergraduateof an American college to the second.First prize 1n the first division is $1,000,second $500. Prizes in the second classare $300 to the first and $200 to the sec­ond. Miss Scheftel won in the first divi­sion with an essay on "Tax On LandValues." Edwin Nourse received hon­orable mention for his treatise on"The Marketing Problem In Chicago."Nathan Fine was the winner of the firstprize in the second group. His subjectwas "The Building Trades of Chicago."The essays were judged by a committeecomposed of Prof. J. Laurence Laugh­lin, head of the Department of PoliticalEconomy, University of Chicago, chair­man; Prof. J. B. Clark, Columbia Un i-UndergraduateSentiment versity; Prof. Henry C. Adams, Univer­sity of Michigan; Horace White, NewYork City, and Prof. Edwin F. Gay,Harvard University.University of Chicago students haveoften won before. Earl Howard, '02,and Will Lock, 'OS, won the first and sec­ond prizes in the first division in 1905.Albert Merritt, '04, duplicated Howard'sfeat in 1906. .In 1908 Oscar Skelton,'99, continued the previous success.Harold G. Moulton, '07, now assistantProfessor of Political Economy at theUniversity, won first in the first divisionin 1911. William Donald, 'OS, receivedhonorable mention in the first class in1913.Walter L. Fisher, Secretary of theInterior in President Taft's Cabinet, willbe the orator for the Winter Convoca­tion Tuesday, Decem­ber 21. Mr. Fisheris a resident of Chi-The Convoca­tion 'Oratorcago and a member ofthe Illinois State Bar Association. Hehas been prominently identified with thework of the Republican party in Chi­cago. The subject of his address hasnot yet been announced. Mr. Fisher re­ceived his law degree at Hanover. Col­lege in 1883. He was the special attor­ney for the City council in the tractionand special assessment cases. He is amember of the University, Onwentsia,Skokie and Chevy Chase Clubs and isvice-president of the National Municipal� League.Mr. Theodore Hammond, who con­tributes to this issue the article on "Uni­versity 'Firsts,''' is a graduate of theOld University, classof 1885. He is presi­dent of the HammondSunday School Sup-plies Company, of Milwaukee, and aregent of the University of Wisconsin.His article was written directly as a let­ter to the editor, but has been throwninto its present form because it seemedso much worth while. Professor Shep­ardson's series of articles on the historyUniversity"Firsts"THE TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATIOlv' 47of the University will be continued 111the January number.One of the most valuable sections ofthe MAGAZINE month by month is theRecord, with its news of faculty andquadrangles. The edi-A Card of tor of the MAGAZINEThanks mulls over this news,but for 1110st of it the readers are indebted to Mr. HoraceSpencer Fiske, himself the editor of thebi-monthly News-Letter. Mr. Fiske,who was formerly on the staff of theMAGAZINE, has never charged us withplagiarism-but public acknowledgmentof his steady service seems due and pay-. able.The Twenty-fifth Anniversary CelebrationThe charter' of the University wassigned by the incorporators on June 18,1890. It was in 1891 that the first mem­bers of the faculty were elected and thelife of the University is, therefore, re­garded as beginning in that year and notin 1892 when the University opened.Recognizing the fitness of the choice ofthe 1891 date and the desirability of con­forming to the dates of previous cele­brations, the Board of Trustees hasvoted to set apart five days in 1916, June9 to June 13, inclusive, as the time forthe observance of the quarter-centennial.The last-named day is that on which theninety-ninth Convocation will be held.Universities are long-lived. A quar­ter century is to be regarded as a com­paratively small part of the history ofsuch institutions, even if in this periodof time they have made such noteworthyand unprecedented progress as in thecase of the University of Chicago. TheBoard of Trustees, accordingly, in de­termining the character of the celebra­tion of June, 1916, has decided that itshould be primarily a home affair for theUniversity itself, for the City of Chi­cago and for the higher educational in­stitutions in Chicago and Illinois. Hav­ing this sensible limitation in mind, theBoard of Trustees, acting upon the for­mal recommendations of the President ofthe University, the University Senateand, incidentally, upon numerous sugges­tions made by members of the facultiesand administrative officers, has adopted a suitable program for the coming anni­versary.First of all there will be a series ofdepartmental gatherings, including espe­cially Doctors of Philosophy, duringwhich addresses by distinguished guestswill be delivered. It is provided, also,that one address shall be given by someperson of eminent national distinction.The speaker will be worthy of the occa­sion, and he together with other notedguests-the Governor of Illinois, theMayor of Chicago, and civic authoritiesof the city and State who are to be in­vited to participate in the celebration­will compose a group of notable people,But of even more significance would bethe presence of the founder of the U ni­versity, Mr. John D. Rockefeller, who inresponse to the invitation to be present,has written that he cannot imagine any­thing that would be more agreeable tohim than to join in commemorating thisimportant event in the history of theUniversity. Mr. and Mrs. John D.Rockefeller, J r., and Mr. and Mrs. FredT. Gates, all deeply interested in theUniversity since its inception, have alsobeen especially invited by the Trustees.It is expected that the University,which during its history has conferredcomparatively few honorary degrees, onthis occasion, will select for recognitionin this manner a number of men whohave performed distinguished service inthe cause of learning, of human progressor' of civic advance.The alumni of the University are to be48 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEconspicuously recognized. One day is tobe set aside for an alumni celebration.The exercises of this particular day areto be under' the general direction of theAlumni Council. The University in­tends to make special· effort to interestthe alumni and all former students inthe entire series of .events of the ann i­versary. To the Alumni Council and theUndergraduate Council is to be referredthe important matter of the proposedpageant, a feature which can be, anddoubtless will be made an exceedinglyinteresting and striking part of the occa­sion. In this connection attention iscalled to the dedication of Ida NoyesHall, an event of significance to thewomen of the University past and pres­ent, indeed to educated women every­where. The dedication of this half-mil­lion dollar building with its attendantfestivities in itself is solid evidence ofthe University's progress during the lasttwenty-five years.The University expects to show itsgrowth by means of a series of exhibitsof the work of its several departments,exhibits which will include a showing ofpublications by members of the facultyand graduates, a list of the publicationsof the University Press, and a bibli­ography of the contributions to scienceand literature by members of the facultyand the University's Doctors of Philos­ophy. Not the least important exhibit ofthe University accomplishment will bethe publication of. the history of the Uni­versity prepared by Dr. T. W. Good­speed, for so many years, and until 1912,the Secretary of the Board of Trustees.A commemorative volume relating thecelebration will also be issued.No such occasion as this would be complete without a dinner, and there willbe two, one for the University and itsguests, and one especially under the aus­pices of the Divinity School.It is a most happy coincidence thatat the very time when the Universitywill be publicly recognizing the comple­tion of two decades and a half of event­ful history, the Divinity School will bepassing its half century milestone. TheDivinity School, which was such a vitalfactor in the preliminary effort to estab­lish a University in Chicago, will natu­rally have a prominent place in the pro­gram of next June. It is expected thattwo sessions will be given to the readingof papers dealing with the scientific andpractical aspects of this department ofthe University, effort being made topoint out its part in the development oftheological scholarship and in the exten­sion of religion and morality into social,missionary and educational fields. Onegeneral session of the quarter-centennialit is planned to devote particularly to theDivinity School at which will be deliv­ered an historical address and anotherdealing with the present situation ofreligion. These features together withthe presence of a large body of alumni,promise to make this portion of the. wholeprogram memorable.A general committee upon which willbe represented the Board of Trustees,the faculty, the Alumni Council and theUndergraduate Council, will have gen­eral charge, under the Board of Trus­tees, of the celebration, which promisesto be worthy of the University, the Cityand the State, and which cannot fail toenlist the loyal co-operation of the thou­sands of alumni and other matriculantswho love their Alma Mater.J. SPENCER DICKERSON.University "Firsts"Tempus, according to time-honoredcustom and usage, has been fugiting asusual, I find, and when I sit me down ·tochronicle some of the more interesting events of the early days, I realize that aquarter of a century spent in chasingnimble dollars and in more or less inti­mate contact with Mammon, hoi-polloiUNIVERSITY uFIRS,TS'Jet a1., has somewhat dimmed my recol­lection of exact dates and figures, and soI am taking the liberty of "cribbing" tosome extent from an article I wrote in1896 for the University Weekly, underthe caption "University Firsts." I makethis explanation to ward off any chargeof repeating that might be brought bysome hoary headed oldest inhabitant ofBrobdignagian memory and Lilliputiansense of the fitness of things.Everything has, or had, a beginning,and the University of Chicago, thoughso singularly unique in so many particu­lars, is no exception to the rule. It wouldbe difficult indeed to definitely locate thebegmni,ng of the University. Some sayit was the raising of the four hundredthousand dollars to complete the firstmillion; some go back of that and givecredit to the American Baptist Educa­tion Society, back of that again were theindividual efforts (and who can callthem futile?) of prominent Baptists;while still further back, without even yetreaching the realms of ancient history,'was the melancholy fate of the old Uni­versity. But leaving discussion of thispoint entirely aside and coming alongdown to the actual first days at the in­stitution, perhaps I can enumerate a fewcircumstances of interest to the latterday student and alumnus.As a graduate of the old University, Ihad watched the progress of affairs withgreat interest during the organizationperiod, and in 1891 was selected by thetrustees as superintendent of buildingsand grounds. Early on the morning ofWednesday, November 25, 1891, Iwatched the breaking of ground for theerection of what was to be the "Recita­tion Building," later to be known asCobb Hall. There was no blare of trum­pets, no ceremonies, no speeches; theplows struck into the sandy soil and thegreat work of building the University ofChicago was started, and who daresprophesy where and when it shall end?The four blocks of campus were thenin a most deplorable physical state. 49Fifty-eighth street, such as it was, ledthrough the grounds from east to west.Lexington avenue, now called Universityavenue, on the east of the campus, wasmerely a little-used wagon way throughvillainously sandy soil. There were afew little cottages on Ellis and Ingle­side avenues, but these streets were al­most impassable on account of the deepsand. The haul of building material from55th street south was truly a horsekiller. TO' the south was the picturesqueold Midway or family picnic ground, notvet dedicated to the bacchanalian revelsthat made it historical during theWorld's Fair two years later. At thattime water stood many inches deep overthe entire east half of the campus andthere were neither buildings nor streetsfor . several blocks to the east, a factwhich will be hard for some of the latergenerations to realize.August 1, 1892, I moved to the Cam­pus, and was the first official to be lo­cated there. A little wooden shanty inthe grove in front of Cobb Hall wasused as a joint headquarters by the con­tractor, architect and myself. Under thedirection of Judge Shorey, representingthe Board of Trustees, work upon thefilling, grading and improvement of thecampus was immediately begun. Thedirt from the excavations for nearly allthe World's Fair hotels 'and apartmenthouses was dumped upon our campus,and the grade raised several feet.At that time the girders of the roof ofCobb Hall were being placed and thebasement contained about seven feet ofrain water. During that monthof Augusta fire engine was kept continuouslypumping water out and insinuating it to­ward the swamp where Haskell Museumand Foster Hall now stand.President Harper had insisted fromthe beginning that he should move intohis office in Cobb Hall on September 1st,and in accord with his resolution, work011 the interior of the building wasrushed with tremendous energy. Themost that could be said, however, on the50 THE UNIVERSI.TY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEafternoon of August 31st, was that afloor had been laid and the windowswere in place. There were no doors, nostairways. Entrance to the building wasgained by means of a perilous trip alonga twenty-foot plank stretched over ayawning abyss, at the bottom of whichwas mud and broken rock in endlessvariety. The official desks were movedin, however, and late that evening, by thelight of a "penny dip" I wrote a letterto President Harper, informing him thatCobb Hall was officially occupied. Thiswas the first letter ever written in andsent out from the University of Chicagoand is still preserved in the archives asan exhibit.The next morning, September 1, 1892,the University officers came en masse)and moved into the press room, whichwas the only room the carpenters hadfinished. The room was occupied thatday, and a large amount of businesstransacted by President Harper, Re­corder Chas. R. Henderson, RegistrarGrose and his assistant, George E.Robertson, Director George Hendersonand Secretary Nathaniel Butler, of theUniversity of Extension Division, Direc­tor, D. C. Heath of the University Press,and myself.During the succeeding weeks of Sep­tember the executive offices were "suc­cessively in every room on the first floorof Cobb Hall, and in some rooms severaltimes. The number of times that I per­sonally shifted these several executivedepartments was amusingly large. Itwas customary at that time for a Uni­versity officer, upon arriving at thebuilding in the morning, to inquire 0-S towhere he might find his office that day.The telephone was installed Sept.10th. Previous to that time it had beennecessary to walk to a drug store on55th street to use a telephone. Onesingle wall telephone constituted the en­tire equipment for several months.There was a constant good naturedrivalry to score a first something. Prof.Butler, I remember, received the first telegram. President Harper took thefirst official bite at the first meal servedin the Commons, September 22nd. Thatday also noted the first entrance exam­inations held in the building, and Abra­ham Bowers was the first student to en­roll in residence.The carpenters worked unceasinglythrough the month and had Cobb Hallin fairly presentable shape by the lastweek. During that week there arrivedat the University countless loads ofschoolroom furniture, crated and bur­lapped, and it was stowed away on theupper floors. The last of it came on theafternoon of September 30. I had ad­vertised for thirty laborers to come pre­pared to work all night. They came. Notonly thirty, but ten times thirty, and Iwas nearly mobbed in making a selec­tion. Just at dark the fun began, andit was a memorable night in the historyof the University. President Harperand Mr. Grose with ten men on thefourth floor, Mr. Ellis with ten men 011the third floor, and I with ten men onthe second floor, put in the entire nightby the none too brilliant light of tin lan­terns, stripping, sorting and placing aquota of desks, chairs and tables in eachrecitation room and library, and sweep­ing out the crating, excelsior, burlap anddust. At eight o'clock on the morningof Saturday, October 1, 1892, Cobb Hall,which twelve hours before had been agloomy wilderness of crated furnitureand sawdust, was almost precisely asyou see it today. We dismissed ourthirty laborers, washed our faces, swal­lowed some strong coffee, and came backat 8 :30 to attend to the throngs of in­coming students, and the University ofChicago was open to the world. If Iremember rightly the first football prac­tice was indulged in that same after­noon, in Washington Park. The firstchapel service was also held that noon.This was an impressive service. Theplatform was occupied by -the President,Deans Hulbert, Judson and Palmer andProfessor Galusha Anderson. In one ofUNIVERSITY «FIRSiTSJ)the front seats sat the venerable Dr. Wil­liam Dean, and in the chairs to the rightof the platform sat that much-talked-ofand widely heralded faculty, its initialappearance as a body before a waitingworld. The audience rose and sang "OldHundred," and joined in the Lord'sPrayer; "Nearer, My God, to Thee,"was followed by the responsive readingof the XCV Psalm, and then DeanJudson read some passages of Scriptureappropriate to the occasion. A Te Deumwas sung, and Dr. Galusha Anderson of­fered prayer. "Hail to the Lord's An­nointed," was sung by the audience andthe benediction was pronounced by DeanEri B. Hulbert. Not a word was spokenin the form of an address, no lavishpromises made, no fulsome self-congrat­ulation indulged in, and while it wasprecisely such a chapel service as hasbeen held hundreds of times since, everyperson present seemed impressed withthe solemnity of the occasion. The firstmeeting of students was held that after­noon also, for the purpose of deciding ona college yell and college color. The firstcollege color adopted was old gold, andit was afterward changed by commonconsent to maroon. Alonzo Stagg, thepraying pitcher fr6m Yale, was one ofthe early sights upon the campus. Hewas just as vigorous and just as insist­ent upon a square deal in those days asin these latter days when we have cometo look upon him as the Grand Old Man.Generations have come and gone, but heis ever the same.The dormitories were not so nearlycompleted as was Cobb Hall. It was sev­eral weeks before the Divinity studentsenjoyed any such luxuries as door knobsand transoms. Not the least of ourtroubles was the unfinished condition ofthe Beatrice, which had been leased fora women's dormitory, and the Drexel onFifty-sixth street, which. served the pur­pose of an undergraduate dormitory, thefoundations of Snell having just beenlaid at that time. I dare say there arefew young women who would care to, re- 51peat the experiences of the first fewweeks in the Beatrice-sleeping inblankets on bare floors and studying bydaylight, or not at all, were some of theleast annoying; while life in the Drexel,with its almost total lack of accornmoda­tions, was "one continual round of pleas­ure," to quote an early resident. Thefirst death in the University, that of Mr.Timothy Cunningham, occurred N ovem­ber 26, 1892. The first marriage of stu­dents, I believe, was that of LincolnHulley and Miss Eloise Mayham, in thesummer of 1893. The first edition ofthe Weekly appeared simultaneouslywith the opening of the University, andwas edited by Emory M. Foster. Thefirst edition of the Uni'l'ersity of Chi­c aqo News) the University's ambitiouslittle daily, appeared during the firstweek of the University. It was editedand published by Howard Roosa andJohn G. Fryer.The first regular sidewalk was laid infront of Divinity and Graduate Halls,October 13. Previous to that time the'denizens of the buildings had been con­tent with picking their way throughheaps of mortar, sand and gravel. Thefirst grass seed was sown around SnellHall in April, 1893. The order of erec­tion of the buildings has been as fol­lows: Cobb, Graduate, and Divinity,Kent, Snell, Walker, Kelly, Beecher, Fos­ter, Ryerson, Haskell. I am not exactlysure about the order of the erection ofthe newer buildings as I have not kept inso close touch with conditions as I for­merly did.Fire was first started in the boilers Sep­tember 11, 1892, and gas was firstburned October 3. "Standard Oil" wassubstituted for coal as fuel in October,1894. The first letter was delivered onthe grounds .on the morning of August25, 1892.The panic of 1893 hit the Universityhard. "When the hard times came onand it was necessary for capitalists toretrench, naturally the first thing to cutoff was voluntary contributions and con-52 ,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHIC-1GO MAGAZINEsequently the income for running ex­penses became almost absolutely nil. Wewere very much embarrassed by beingunable to pay bills for necessities. I re­member being hauled out of bed at myhome at 11 o'clock at night to be sued bya laundry for an overdue bill of $23.0(J.I put in all the balance of that night insquaring this matter and keeping it outof the newspapers. Grocers, butchersand material men were constantly threat­ening to sue the University, and thepress of Chicago was constantly lookingfor sensational articles, so it requiredsome fine work on the part of the au­thorities to keep the distressing financialcondition of the University away fromthe prying eyes of the reporters. of thedaily press; but thanks to. eternal vigi­lance on the part of the venerable Dr.Goodspeed, very little news of our con­dition at that time was ever published.It was an amusing anomaly that an in­stitution which had been heraldedthroughout the civilized world as one ofpractically unlimited means, should besued for a laundry bill because it was un­able to pay, but such was the fact. Thiscondition, however, lasted only a fewmonths before things began rightingthemselves and we got back again to ournormal condition. During all those firstyears, however, while we had plenty ofmoney for endowments, it was a hardmatter to raise money for running ex­penses. It seemed tolerably easy to get$100,000 from a man with which tobuild a building which should have hisname carved over the door, put it wasdoubly hard to get from him one hun­dred dollars with which to buy coal.I want to recall one or two interestingprophetic remarks made by PresidentHarper during the formative period ofthe University. In one of the first meet­ings of the Board of Trustees, PresidentHarper introduced a resolution to theef­fect that from that time forward everyindividual piece of stationery sent outfrom any department of the Universityshould bear the caption "The University of Chicago, Founded by John D. Rocke­feller."There was instant and loud obj ectionto this on the part of several of thetrustees, who claimed that the institutionwas already suffering odium from its in­timate association with the "StandardOil," and that this would be interpretedas toadying to capital. President Har­per appealed to' the trustees to pass theresolution, stating that he had the bestof reasons for introducing it and askingthat they take his word for the wisdomof it, and so upon Dr. Harper's personalrecommendation the resolution waspassed. Instantly Dr. Harper remarkedto the trustees, "Thank you, gentlemen;that means a million dollars for everyletter in those two lines." Inasmuch asMr. Rockefeller's donations at that timehad amounted to only two million dol­lars, it may be seen that this was trulya wonderful prophecy.On another occasion, President Har­per and I were riding late at night onour bicycles discussing various items re­garding the physical condition of theUniversity, and we stopped to rest inthe moonlight on the lake shore.President Harper took a stick andscratched some lines in the sand at ourfeet, representing in a crude way, theMidway Plaisance and the limits of thecampus. He said to me, "Hammond, Imay not live to see it, but the time willcome when the University will ownevery foot of ground on both sides ofthe Midway .from Cottage Grove avenueto the Illinois Central tracks." Of course,this looked to me like a crazy idea at thattime, and yet viewed in the light of laterdays, it may not have been such a crazyidea after all.If your magazine could grant me thespace, I could fill a whole number withthese intimate stories of my personal re­lations with Dr. Harper, and by refer­ence to my memoranda I might enumer­ate firsts to a wearisome degree. Sufficeit to say that the beginnings were evi­dently accomplished with a comprehen-UNIVERSITY «FIRS;TS)sive idea of the greatness that was des­tined to follow. Everything that wasdone in those early days was sui generis;we were hampered by no traditions, had. no guiding experiences of the past. Wewere confronted hourly with new condi­tions and new problems, and hourly wemet conditions and solved problems, andto paraphrase Sir Christopher Wren'sepitaph in St. Paul's, "If you wouldknow the story of our labors, lookaround you." When, in later years, Ihave occasionally visited the University,I am minded to repeat thai Byronic bonmot, "We seen our duty and we doneit."THEODORE M. HAMMOND} '85.THE FACULTY AND FOOTBALL[A speech given by Professor Benjamin S. Terryat the Chicago Alumni Club dinner on November 10.]Mr. Toastmaster and Gentlemen :-Iunderstand that I am to respond to thetoast, "The Faculty and Football." Iconfess to you, Sir, that when first sug­gested, this subject seemed to me to beutterly incongruous. You gentlemen ofthe football teams of ancient renown, canremember when you looked upon cer­tain individuals of the faculty as yournatural born enemies, and upon the fac­ulty as a whole as a group of gentlemen,well meaning, no doubt, but for the mostpart bent upnn things in which you 'tookvery little interest, and for this attitude,you were not altogether without justifi­cation. Some of us, I fear, have takenourselves. too seriously. The little petspecialty so dear to each professionalheart, our own particular technique, ourideals of discipline, and our God-givenmarking system, after all do not bulkvery large in the great complex of life.And I am inclined to think as I standhere tonight and look into your faces,jolly with the good time that we are hav­ing-and the memories of the past arerevived-memories glQorious in defeat noless than in victory, I am inclined to thinkthat those of the faculty who have depre­cated football, have missed something; 53and that they have been giving their in­fluence to the disparagement of an insti­tution that is really one of our mostvaluable assets in this business of' educa­tion .Education, I take it, means more thanlearning. Learning is the means of edu­cation. It is not education. The mindgrows by coming into contact with facts-and sometimes I think it does not mat­ter much whether these facts come to usout of books or whether they come to usout of the experiences of life. But togrow the mind must come in contactwith facts.These facts, however, are not to bemowed away in the mind as hay ismowed away in its loft by the farmer;but they are to be taken into the mindas food is taken into the body; they areto be assimilated ; they are to becomepart of the bone and tissue of that mys­terious something that lurks behinds themuscles of the face; that looks out uponlife through your eyes-that mysterioussomething 'that we call self; that some­thing which is you.Every well ordered personality is thecenter of a sort of stellar universe.About this central sun, there circle inpeaceful constellation these things thatwe know, or that we think we know.And then coming from the dim and vastunknown, coming with its train ofstrange and startling ideas, some newfact suddenly obtrudes itself into thisstellar universe. Old relations arebroken up. Old ideas are overturned.The heavens are falling.Nnw, if your boy is of the normalmind, he will not shut his eyes nor stophis ears to the force of these new facts;neither will he throw up his hands inhopeless despair, but boldly and honestly,he will grapple with these new ideas thathave been thrust upon him; he willwrestle with them until the old equili­brium is restored again. Many old ideaswill have fallen from their places; othersonce dominant, will have been relegatedto the background, while others still, new54 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEideas mostly, will have been given aprominence and influence in life neverdreamed of before.Now, then, what has happened? Yourboy has taken an idea here and anotheridea there and he has put the two ideastogether and he has got a third ideawhich is his own. In other words theboy thinks, and in that thinking the boyhas become a man.We have a good old Latin word, theword "maturitas." We have no Englishequivalent and so we have transferredthe word bodily into our modern English.It gives us our word "maturity." I neednot define the word; you know what itmeans. Now in education we seek toimpart just this "maturitas." That is,we seek to put the young man into pos­session of himself; to put him not onlyinto possession of powers of thought andexpression, but also into possession ofmoral energy, of the ability to reach ful­fillment; powers that are his by birth­right if you please; but birthright afterall is only prophecy. Fulfillment comesonly as the young mind enters into seiz­ing through this thing that we call edu­cation.The purpose of an education, then, Itake it, is not to make walking encyclo­pedias of our boys or parrots of ourgirls. Still less is it to deny any expres­sion of individuality or to pare all downto one conventional type. You remem­ber Lincoln's old story of the steamboatthat used to ply up and down one of ourIllinois rivers. The peculiarity of thiscraft was that the whistle was so bigand the boiler so small, that every timethe whistle blew, it stopped the boat. Now what we propose to do in educa­tion is not so much to make the whistlesmaller, although that might not be badidea sometimes, but to make the boilerbigger and put more horse power in theengine. In a word, create energy and be­stow power.Right here, then, is where the footballasset in education comes in. What theaverage undergraduates needs fully asmuch as book-learning is atmosphere; anatmosphere that generates enthusiasm,that inspires devotion; a devotion thatin time of crisis, in its self-disciplineand its self-abnegation may rise to thedignity of heroism; an atmosphere thatbreathes contempt for the quitter, andinspires the determination not so muchto win as to fight a good fight. This isis the contribution of football to oureducational economy; as no other singleinstitution it has helped to create thishelpful university atmosphere. This, Itake it, was what Wellington meant whenhe declared that Waterloo had been wonon the football fields of Harrow andRugby. You, Mr. Stagg, and your as­sociates are doing for these boys whatwe of the class room alone can not do.We are giving them the facts-overgorg­ing them sometimes-but you are toningup the powers of assimilation. You areinculcating the lesson of devotion. Youare inspiring these young men with thedetermination to fight a good fight.Without this, our book-learning alonemust fail to produce that which must al­ways be the choicest fruit of all trueeducation-the man who has learned tomake the most of himself and has thewill to do it.Three Eminent ScientistsThe accompanying photographs showProfessor Chamberlin, Professor Coul­ter and Professor Michelson as they maybe found any day at work at the Uni­versity. Thomas C. Chamberlin, Ph. D.,LL. D., Sc. D., Professor and head of the Department of Geology, was gradu­ated A. B. from Beloit College in 1866,was Professor of Geology at Beloit andat Columbian University, and from 1887to 1892 President of the University ofWisconsin. He is President of the Chi-THE EMINENT SCIENTISTS 55Professor Thomas Chrowder Chamberlincago Academy of Sciences and editor ofthe Journal of Geology, and in 1908-1909 was President of the American As­sociation for the Advancement of Sci­ence.John 1\1. Coulter, Ph. D., Professorand head of the Department of Botany,was graduated A. B. from Hanover Col­lege in 1870, was Professor of NaturalSciences at Hanover and of Biology atWabash, and President of Indiana Uni­versity from 1891 to 1893, and of LakeForest University from 1893 to 1896.He was Vice-President of the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement ofScience in 1891, President of the Ameri­can Botanical Society 1897-1898, andPresident of the Illinois Academy ofSciences in 1910. In 1875, when theBotanical Gazette was founded, he wasmade editor, and has remained in thatposition ever since.Albert A. Michelson, Ph. D., Sc. D.,LL. D., F. R. S., Professor and head of. the Department of Physics, was gradu- ated midshipman from the U. S. NavalAcademy at Annapolis in 1873; was Pro­fessor of Physics at Case School ofApplied Science and Clark University;President of the American Physical So­ciety in 1900, and of the American Asso­ciation for the Advancement of Science,1910-11; received the Copley Medal in1907 and the Elliot Cresson Medal in1912, and was awarded the Nobel Prizein 1907.Rollin Chamberlain, son of ProfessorChamberlin, was graduated from Chi­cago in 1903. Grace Coulter, daughterof Professor Coulter, was graduatedfrom Chicago in 1899; John G. Coulter,the oldest son, received his doctor's de­gree from Chicago in 1900, and MerleCoulter, the youngest son, was graduatedfrom Chicago in 1912. Professor Mich­elson married Edna Stanton, '98. Pro­fessor Chamberlin lives at the Hyde ParkHotel, Professor Coulter at 5532 Ken­wood Avenue, and Professor Michelsonat 5756 Kimbark Avenue .56 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE....v�'3ooIN THE FORMATIVE DAYS 57In the Formative DaysA number of special features attractedgeneral attention to the University ofChicago in its formative days. Somemonths before its doors were opened forthe work the University published anddistributed widely six "Official Bul­letins." These described in great detailthe plan of the institution. They hadbeen compiled with much care and rep­resented the combined wisdom and judg­ment of a large number of educatorswhose opinions had been sought. Lookedat now, after the lapse of twenty-fiveyears, these "Bulletins" bring astonish­ment. While some of the plans set forthin them have not worked out satisfac­torily in actual experience, in the mainthe University of Chicago today is theinstitution described in these originalthought - awakening pamphlets. Thegenius of the master-mind which was atwork on the problem at that time is no­where .more clearly indicated.The announcement which, perhaps,provoked most discussion was that whichstated that the University of Chicagowould remain in continuous sessionthroughout the calendar year. Therewere to be four '''Quarters,'' beginning,respectively, January), April 1, July 1and October 1. These were to be di­vided into two "Terms" each of sixweeks' duration,. so that forty-eightweeks out of the fifty-two in a year wereto be devoted to steady scholastic work.The vacations were to be short. Therewas to be an adequate teaching staff soas to permit instructors to have a threemonths' vacation if desired. But it alsowas understood that the new plan wasto allow the accumulation of vacationcredit, with the possibility of occasionallonger vacations on full salary. This re­volt against the economic weakness ofsuffering a large educational plant to beidle for one fourth of the year, unthink­able in any industrial or mercantile line,won many adherents and had a distinctinfluence upon the summer activities of many other institutions. The dates ofthe "Quarters" have been shifted some­what arid there has been. a re-arrange­ment of the vacation periods, but theprinciple has been preserved during thequarter-century and is fixed in "Chicago"life.A second innovation accompanied theappearance of the words "major" and"minor" as technical terms in the cur­riculum. Each student each term was toregister for one major and one minor.The former represented nine, ten oreleven hours a week; the latter, four, fiveor six hours. In other words the indi­vidual was expected to devote twice thetime to one course that was given to theother, emphasizing one subject for thetime being to the exclusion of others.President Harper had found that a work­able scheme in connection with summercourses in Hebrew, where, for six weeks,nothing but Hebrew was studied, recita­tions in the subject being held severaltimes during the day. There had beeninstitutions based on the "one study"idea, where the various courses in thefour years' curriculum were taken oneby one and. completed, instead of theusual student diet of three subjects ina "term," but nowhere before had theplan had such backing. This did notwork out satisfactorily, possibly. becauseof technical difficulties of administra­tion; and while the words "major" and"minor" are just as fixed in the "Chi­cage" system as the "Quarter" is theyhave a different content now.A third feature of the new institutionwhich aroused lively discussion was thatof the University Extension Division.Through this people who could not pos­sibly attend the University in Chicagomight have the University brought totheir part of the city, their distant com­munity, or their individual home. Therewere to be public lectures, representingmany different fields of inquiry, givenin series of six or twelve, with attendant58 ,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpossibilities of student 'work for Uni­versity credit. A special staff of lec­turers directed by a separate administra­tive force and working in co-operationwith local committees was to be pro­vided. This type of work, familiar inEngland, and for sometime encouragedin the east, was new to the west, at leaston such an elaborate scale. It has beenabandoned by the University except ina somewhat modified form. But thosewho believed in it and fostered it pointwith pride to its achievements, substan­tiating their claims for its utility at thatparticular time by reference to many cul­tural advances in the cities and townswhich had "Centers," whose initial stagesmay rightfully be accredited to the in­spiration of the University Extensionmovement."University College," with its morethan a thousand students and its increas­ing popularity remains as the definiteresiduary of what was called at first the"Class-Study Department." This wasto provide for busy workers down townor for teachers in the schools the oppor­tunity of taking University work at hourswhen they were not otherwise engagedin their own private occupations. Itwould be an interesting commentaryupon the effectiveness of this scheme, ifa list were published showing how manyof the alumni of the University owe theircollege degree to the advantages fur­nished by this administrative and instruc­tional undertaking in 1892.As for the "Correspondence-StudyDepartment," that had its natural originin the plan which Dr. Harper had beenusing with complete satisfaction in con­nection with the study of Hebrew andother Semitic languages. The recordsof this department of the Universitythroughout the quarter-century wouldyield many a "story" to an ambitiouswriter, if the mere showing of creditstoward a degree were to be illuminedwith local color. For students have beenregistered from every part of the wor1cl,from every class and condition of hu- manity, and the work of preparation hasoften been done under difficult and try­ing circumstances which have attested insurprising fashion the zeal for educationof many an ambitious man and woman.There is a long list of alumni who mightnever have received a "Chicago" degreehad it not been for the encouragementand stimulus of this department of in­struction.Physical training was to be requiredof all students as part of the regularwork toward a degree. The professorsand instructors in that department wereto be chosen, ranked and promoted ex­actly as in other fields of Universitytraining. The newspapers thought itgreat sport to refer to "Prof. Stagg" andthere were many jibes at first, but therehas been no deviation from the plan,now generally followed, and every stu­dent and alurnus knows how dear to thehearts of "Chicago" men the "Old Man"always has been and is. The splendidBartlett Gymnasium and the beautifulIda Noyes Hall testi fy to faith in thisplan, although the long-hoped-for build­ing devoted exclusively to physical edu­cation as distinguished from athletics asyet is unprovided.The daily chapel services, made a re­quired part of undergraduate life at thebeginning, have been abandoned underthe pressure of University development.It quickly became apparent that, withoutcompulsion, University students wouldnot attend chapel. As a result the modi­fied plan now in force carne naturally intoexistence.At first it was announced that no hon­orary degrees would be conferred by theUniversity, but that those of Doctor ofDivinity and Doctor of Laws, usuallygiven only "pro honoris causa," mightbe won by regular student work. Neitherof these propositions found continuedfavor. After a lapse of years, the Uni­versity began the practice of awardinghonorary degrees, but the grants havebeen so sparingly made that the honorhas been made all the greater. No indi-IN THE FORlvIATIVE DAYS 59vidual has completed any definite pro­gram of University work leading up toeither of the two mentioned degrees "in"course.Not to mention many other unusualfeatures of the first-announced Univer­sity plan, the Quarterly Convocationearly attracted attention and arousedgreat interest. Just as the Quarter andTerm divisions were to furnish oppor­tunity for students to begin work withany six weeks' period, so they were tomark the completion of required studyfor a degree. It was definitely expectedthat there would be candidates for de­grees at the end of each Quarter afterthe first two-for it was another an­nounced principle that the Universitywould not grant any degree without a"residence" of at least three Quarters.But the first and second Quarters weremarked by Convocations, even withoutcandidates.The characteristics of the Convocationnow, of course, are familiar to everyChicago student. But it was all new onJanuary 2, '1893, when the first meetingof the kind was held downtown in Cen­tral Music Hall. The Convocation pro­cession was a great show to the un­tutored Chicago citizen. The Oxford capand gown was a strange device in thispart of the country. The vari-coloredhoods of the professors, proclaiming theorigin and the nature of the degree held,brightened up the somberness of thelong line of black-gowned instructorsand students. The successful man ofaffairs upon the Board of Trustees, ap­pearing for the first time in official robe,looked as sheepish as he felt, but tookcourage as he thought of his banker ormerchant friend in like unwonted garb.Each Convocation was marked by aprayer of some eminent minister prop­erly entitled the "Convocation Chap­lain," by an oration by some distin­guished educator or other public man,for the moment honored as the "Convo­cation Orator," by a "Quarterly State­ment" from the President, and, later, by the conferring of degrees in regular or­der, proceeding from the lowest to thehighest. Not the least discussion-pro­voking of these, by the way, was theform of degree called a "title," whichwas awarded upon the completion oftwo years of work in what, strangely,.was designated the "Junior College"(at the first called "Academic College").The first three Convocation orationstook the form of instruction in the mean­ing and ambitions of the University.Theywere given, in order, by Head Pro­fessor Hermann E. Von Holst of theHistory department, Head ProfessorThomas C. Chamberlin of the Geologydepartment, and Head Professor \;Vil­liam G. Hale of the Latin department.The three topics treated were, respec­tively, "The Need of Universities in theUnited States," "The Mission of theScientific Spirit," and "The Place of theUniversity in American Life." The firstand third meetings were held in CentralMusic Hall, the second in the men'sgymnasium part of the many featuredtemporary brick structure, previously de­scribed in the account of what took place"In the Beginning." At the third Con­vocation the first degrees were awarded.The first Doctor of Philosophy was EijiAsada, a Japanese student. The degreeof Master was conferred on Clifford VV.Barnes, a Yale graduate, long the head'of the Chicago Sunday Evening Club.Among the Bachelors were, in arts, Ed­ward O. Sisson, now Commissioner ofEducation for Idaho, and, in Philosophy,Robert F. Hoxie, now a member of theUniversity faculty in Political Economy.President Harper's "Quarterly State­ment" was always looked forward towith special eagerness by the audience;for those were the days when a Con­vocation was a disappointment unless itwas marked by the announcement ofsome large donation to the Universityfunds. There were many smiles as theambitious president stated the pressingneeds of the institution and made hisplea for money for building, equipment,60 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEor endowment. Few had his faith. Itwas his joy to see the realization of manya hesitant hope, and. the smiles of theaudience soon became less cynical as themillions kept coming in. But the state­ment of great gifts began to be so com­mon that after -a while it required a con­tribution of at least a cool million to winmuch applause from the expectant butsated Chicago constituency.These "Quarterly Statements" wereintroduced with quite formal phraseol­ogy, something like this: "Members ofthe Board of Trustees, Members of theUniversity Faculties, Members of theGraduating Class, Students, Friends,Ladies and Gentlemen." A famous Bap­tist minister, who flourished in Chicagoin the formative days, spoke in chapelsoon after one of these Convocations.Desiring to conform to. the acceptedceremonial, but not being cognizant of theexact definition of some of the unusualwords in the "Chicago" vocabulary, heprefaced his chapel talk with the intro­duction, "Mr. President, Members of theFaculty, Students, Majors and Minors,"which, of course, provoked a laugh, notat all expected by the eminent divine andsomewhat disconcerting to his line ofthought.But this "break" was not the only onewhich enlivened things in the formativeperiod. Letters Df all sorts poured intothe University office from all sorts ofpeople and from all points of the com­pass. The superscriptions of some ofthem were so curious that the secretaryto the president secured a scrap-bookinto which he pasted quite a number ofthem. The envelope addressed, "Mr.Kelly Hall" is a prized possession. N 0-body here has ever seen Kelly to thisday. The secretary, who was able to'imitate Dr. Harper's signature quiteclosely, used to attach his initials, "G. E.R." when signing letters. He was greatlyamused, one day, when a letter came ad­dressed to "William R. Harper, G. E.R.," the correspondent evidently having decided to' take no risk of omitting a pos­sible honorary degree which PresidentHarper may have had, probably wishingalso to appear perfectly conversant withthe many unfamiliar features of Uni­versity life and language now conspicu­ously brought to the attention of themiddle west.One incident is recalled which illus­trates admirably the spirit of the newUniversity. One of the instructors wasa graduate of a Scotch university. Inhis personality there were many evi­dences of his origin, a broad accent, apredisposition to. checked suits and un­usually wide trousers, and a big blackcane marking him out readily for the ob­servant eye of the critical student. Iwas walking with him one morning alongthe north side of Fifty-seventh street,where a wooden walk, crossing a depres­sion, used to swing treacherously underthe feet of the one who hazarded it. Atthe corner of University avenue, hethrew away a cigar which he had lightedonly a few minutes before. I inquiredof him why he had cast it aside. Theexact words of his answer still ring inmy ears: "Approaching the 'quad'; badform to smoke in the 'quad.''' The'quad' which appeared in the immediateforeground was nothing but a tract ofsandy ground, marked by a few scruboaks and a swamp or two, a one-storiedbrick building the only barrier to ourdirect progress to Cobb Hall, whichloomed up in the distance. But to theScotchman it represented all the historyand the traditions of a long-establisheduniversity, and he honored the institu­tion of the future by treating it with thesame dignified courtesy he had beenwont to show in Glasgow or Edinboro.That is the way each member of thefaculty and each student brought some­thing to the University of Chicago, andin a surprising number of particulars theUniversity still retains the characteris­tics which were first noted in 1892 and1893 in the formative days.FRANCIS W. SHEPARDSON.BRUSSELS-UND UMGEBUNG 61Brussels-"Und Umgebung"In looking over this scrapbook, inwhich the Little Girl and I have rec­orded, for divers unnamed persons, es­capades that stand out in the checkeredexperiences of a twelve-month, I comeupon this slight entry:July 30. Left Berlin for Brussels onthe last Nord express.Standing there all by itself it signifieslittle enough, but it is no great feat ofmemory to clothe it with new meaning.It brings to mind at once the train slip­ping from out under the white glare ofthe Zoologischer bahnhof; the strangehalf-light of a darkened coupe; the chill­ing sensation received from a cold paneof glass, against which one young manpressed his forehead in order to view awindow on the third floor of a certainhotel in the Kantstrasse, so that he mightwave a greeting to someone left behind.For the events of those days, thoughthey came so quickly that the world isstill rubbing its eyes and pinching itselfto make sure it is not dreaming, do notslip out of the memory as fast as lastnight's movies. One scene leads to an­other; one experience calls to its fel­low; the mind's eye sweeps again overthe rye fields of Belgium; it beholds theharassed, footsore citizen-soldiers march­ing out of their land into the scarlet sun­set; it identifies the coal smoke low overthe English channel, and the yellow andwhite clouds that puff up unexpectedlyon the horizon; it recalls the churchesturned into stables, and stables used forpublic worship; dead men rotting in theautumnal wheat that their hands sowedin the spring; married men marching byTrafalgar square to the beat of the re­cruiting drum, with single men loiteringon the curb; five hundred locomotivesrusting at Calais; long black torpedoboats forming a new foreground to Ma­donna della Salute; silent sentinelsguarding tunnels in the Carinthian Alps;men cheering wildly for war in Genoa; maimed and broken ships lying in theharbor of Gibraltar; frayed uniforms;blood-darkened stretchers-i-Let me begin with Belgium. In futureages, all the world will begin there.Probably none of the scenes that 1.witnessed later on affected me so muchas the march of the Belgian army outof its own land. I don't think I moral­ized about it so much then as I have donesince, for in perspective it looms high.As time goes on that march toward thesetting sun comes to be enveloped in thehaze of romance and tragedy. I saw itin its various phases, from time to time,but what I shall remember best is thetramp I took. with the Belgian armyafter the capital had been removed fromBrussels to Antwerp, and orders hadbeen given to evacuate Louvain and fallback on Antwerp by way of Malines.It was after all not an army, but anaggregation of youths and men-clerks,sailors, farmers, teachers, merchants-inuniform. And what strange uniformsthey were! Heavy ulsters impeding themen in their march under the Augustsun; knapsacks so badly packed that tincups, cans and shoes dangled at the sol­dier's elbow. They. marched four abreastat the right of a beautiful paved road­most of the Belgian roads are as smoothas a city street; In the center of the roadpassed the artillery and the ambulance,to the left rode the officers and in thefields on either side of the marching col­umn were troops of lancers and bicyclescouts. At times the thoroughfare wasclogged with the strangest assortment ofvehicles, driven by old men and haggardwomen, who abandoned their homeswith the passing of the army. Well theymight, for at our backs rose the densecolumns of black smoke that markedburning farm houses, and the morebluish smoke that came from burninghaystacks. Faithful old horses pulledcarts laden with all sorts of household62 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEgoods, on top of them half a dozen chil­dren in their best, attire, some lyingasleep on heaps of bedclothes. Faithfuldogs dug their feet into the pavement intrying to pull carts heaped high withclothing. There were not lacking thosestrange camp followers who, somehowor other, trail along with a retreatingarmy; men in civilian clothes with sev­erai weeks' growth of beard on theirfaces, with well-filled bags slung overtheir shoulders and often a red cross ontheir sleeves, although it took but halfan eye to see that theirs was scarcely anerrand of mercy. That work was leftrather to the priests and young studentsof theology from Ghent and Louvain,who marched, as is their custom, in theirlong, black cassocks, whitened with dustand wearing that strange beaver hat witha small cup-shaped crown, a wide, up­turned brim, and a rubber band that goesunder the chin.The thunder of the big guns kept upintermittently at our rear, but the armymade no reply. The sharp rattle of ma­chine guns came with. the breeze, and yetthe men tramped idly forward. Some­times a cross road was too clogged tomake rapid progress possible, and thenthe officers would shout:"Cinq minutes! Arrestez !"I doubt whether words were evermore welcome. Then men droppedwhere they stood, sprawled on theground and some seemed asleep in twominutes. A few would leave the roadto root for turnips in a garden patchor try to beat down some unripe apples.At about S o'clock that afternoon, aftersix hours of steady marching, we cameto a garden where a man was offeringpears to the soldiers. I consumed onewhole; core, seeds, stem and all, andnothing ever tasted more appetizing.When we were about half way be­tween Louvain and Malines the out­riders closed in suddenly. Shrapnel be­gan bursting close by and a party ofstrange riders appeared precipitatelyabout a mile to the north. It seemed that I was about to have anunequalled opportunity of writing howit feels to be attacked when you are do­ing your level best to get out of the otherfellow's way. But there seemed littlechance of my ever putting the story onthe wire. I turned to my companion,Gerbeault, resident correspondent of theDaily News at Brussels, who had beentalking French to half a dozen officerstoo. rapidly for my Hiram Parker Wil­liamson system."What are they saying?" I asked."They say we will be attacked in about15 minutes unless we send cavalry to therear," he replied."And then?""Well, then the infantry probably willlie down here on one side of the road,and try to keep the Germans from reach­ing the canal.""Yes, and we?""Oh, we'll get back of something.We're neutral."But the expected attack did not come,and the engagerpent of the Malines roadwas never fought. The only shooting onour side came about when the Belgiansblew up the bridges over the canals.There was great congestion on theroad as we neared Malines. Malines isthe center of a spider's web of roads,and those from the east were simplyclogged. The infantry had to halt, butGerbeault and I wound our way in andout among the cannon and the horses'heads and finally, after a dreary trampof miles, we reached the head of theprocession. There we discovered thecause of the delay. It was one man­the man who stopped an army.Who do you think is the biggest manin Belgium-the king? In theory, yes.But I have no doubt that the chef de lagare of the humblest railroad station inBelgium outranks him in local estima­tion. He is the most important man Jhave ever met. He stopped us innumer­able times to inspect our papers. Andhere, with the whole army retreating onMalines-with generals, and colonels,BRUSSELS-UND UMGEBUNGand majors, and the whole titled proces­sion pouring out wrath on the country­side, one man with a red cap and lotsof gold braid was the master of the sit­uation.When I saw him he was· standing atthe spot where the Louvain road crossesthe railroad track in Malines, within.sight of the great tower of the cathe­dral, where hangs that carillon of bellson which Havelock Ellis heard JosefDenyn, greatest of bell masters, play themusic of Cesar Franck. A train of emptycoaches was shuttling back and forth.When it neared the road the czar put uphis hands, the gates came down and thearmy stopped. The men on the big lum­bering gun carriages poured out muchFrench that was not in my dictionary,but they stopped. I shouldn't wonderif the Germans have him doing the samework now.The day the German army enteredBrussels will ever stand out as one ofthe momentous days of my life, but itsstory has been adequately told. Threeof us-James O'Donnell Bennett of theChicago Tribune) Roger Lewis of theAssociated Press and myself entrustedsome messages to a courier and then be­gan negotiations with the German com­mander for the use of the telegraph. Hewas most accommodating."If the American minister authorizesyour despatches," he said, "and I ap­prove them, you may cable them."Hurrriedly we hailed a. cab and setout for the American legation. HughGibson, Mr. \"'hitlock's secretary, wasglad to help. He placed the typewritersof the legation at our service and wewrote reams. Then we hurried back tothe Grande Place-that noblest of allmedieval market places-and walked upthe great stone steps of the Hotel deVille into the office of the burgomaster.Around the walls was precious carvedpaneling and overhead were magnificentfrescoes depicting the archangel Mich­ael warding off the enemies of the city 63of Brussels. Here stood the words ofan ancient prayer:From famine) ioar and pestilence de­liver us) OMary of Peace.And underneath, at the mayor's table,sat General von J arotzky, his right handclasped around a generous-sized glass ofbeer.The general glanced over the manu­scripts."Alles Englisch," he remarked. "HerrLeutnant !"Lieutenant Geyer entered."Ubersetzen Sie, Bitte," said the gen­eral.Lieutenant Geyer began to translate.General von J arotzky sat alert. Weformed a quivering, quavering back­ground.N ow the German idea of newspaperwork is entirely different from theAmerican. In Germany a newspaperprobably would relate that the Germanarmy entered Brussels at such and sucha time, under such and such a com­mander, and camped there for the night.But the American newspaper demandsmore. Unfortunately General von J ar­otzky was trained in the German school.So he called a halt when LieutenantGeyer reached the following passage:As the soldiers marched into Brusselsthey sang, "Euery Little Mouement Hasa; Meaning of Its Oum:""Sonderbar!" exclaimed J arotzky.We tried to explain. The generalshook his head. Then he told Geyer toproceed. The lieutenant read on. Mr.Bennett had written:"When the Germom armj! came downthe boulevard it passed within a stone) sthrow of that house in the Rue des C en­dres in which the Duchess of Richmondgave her ball) two nights before Water­loo:""Duchess of Richmond?" asked vonJarotzky. "What has she got to do withit anyhow?"We tried to tell him. But the generalfelt the despatch would be muddled."Ausstreichen!" he commanded, and64 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEeven you alumni who never studied un­der Dr. Cutting would have grasped hismeaning.Finally the messages were ready. Gen­eral von J arotzky stamped them withthe great seal of the Deutsches Gouvern­merit, Briissel. Then he handed themback to us."N ow they are approved," he said."You may file them."We drew a deep breath. "Where,dear, nice, kind general?" we askedsoftly, hopefully."Where?" repeated the general. "Oh,in Holland, or Denmark. Nothing goesout here, you know. Wait, I will giveyou a pass.'; .I shall treasure this document, in Gen­eral von Jarotzky's own handwriting,giving me the dubious right to go to theDutch border to file dispatches.But the general' was really kind. Hegave us, that very evening, passes thatallowed us to go farther and get intomore real trouble than any I have ex­perienced since. The passes were for"Brussels und umgebung" it is true. Itwas this little phrase that caused our un­doing later on, for General von Einemof the army corps refused to believethat we were in the "umgebung" ofBrussels when he picked us up on theFrench frontier. If he will meet meafter the war I will prove by any un­biased traveler that all Belgium is in theenvirons of Brussels.We started out to capitalize our pos­session of the passes early next day.Proud of our conquest we exhibitedthem to those of our craft who had beenless fortunate.First victim was Cerbeault, efferves­cent, effusive, irrepressible."Look, look," we said, "passes.""Ah, oui," said Gerbault, with a ges­ture. "Perfectly good,--to wrap liversausage in."He turned on his heel and. dis­appeared. Crestfallen, we folded up ourpasses. Along came Richard HardingDavis, taciturn, aloof, superior. "Good morning, men," said Davis."Ah, you have passes?""Yes, look," we said again."Interesting, really," said Davis."Put them in your autograph collection."About noon of that day one of us raninto Lieutenant Geyer. Geyer remem­bered something."Donnerwetter noch einmal," he ex­claimed. "Every wants passes. Yousend them all to me, how?"In time the. rest of our group arrived-Irvin S. Cobb, John T. McCutcheon,Will Irwin and Arno Dosch. The firstthree were in misery. They had takena side trip to Louvain a few days beforeand bad been locked up in a hotel forthree days and denied a shave and abath. They walked part of the way toBrussels and finally found some sort ofa conveyance to get home in. It was thekind of horse and vehicle that twoarmies would be likely to pass up evenwhen in great need of them.Having suffered acute indignities atthe hands of a foreign power their firstobjective was the American legation,where they meant to shake hands withBrand Whitlock and be restored to theirplace in decent society. The legationhad been overrun with refugees, someof them in dire straits.The ancient vehicle rattled up the cob­bles. One of the stenographers of thelegation looked out and beheld the partyof famous Americans."Oh, Mr. Whitlock," she exclaimed,"look out of the window! Here comesthe worst looking bunch of refugees wehave had yet."So I suppose my narrative could runalong with the miles, and I could takeyou with me on our Pilgrimage of thePasses-down past Waterloo, throughNivelles, Seneffe, Binche, the Monsroad, Charleroi, all the war country.That was a j oIly pilgrimage, and yetjolly is a strange adjective to apply to it,for there were so many grim contracts-s­village upon village clevasted by fire andshell; whole towns turned into battle-·BRUSSELS-UND UMGEBUNG 65fields and cemeteries. The big thingswe all have written about; the intimate,perhaps trivial anecdotes each man iskeeping to himself, to relate at his ownfireside, or around a table when the airis mellowed with tobacco smoke.I could tell you, for instance, how wenearly precipitated murder and assassin­ation in Nivelles, where the whole towngathered in the public square upon ourarrival, and where one of us unwit­tingly described the indemnity the Ger­mans had put upon Brussels, causingmuch gnashing of teeth and clenching offists. I might describe our trampthrough the coal fields, and how, after aday's march, we trailed, footsore andweary, into Binche, where the townsmencame out of their shops to look at us,and a ripple of laughter ran along thestreets at the painful stride of one ofAmerica's greatest humorists, promptlynamed "le gros" by the Belgians. Imight tell how Cobb lost a chamois skinof golden pounds, and found it again ly­ing in the middle of the road with agroup of German soldiers standingaround the spot, oblivious of the wealthat their feet, and how later we ex­changed some of it for the only horseleft in Binche, and two sequestered bi­cycles, only to give horse and vehicleaway next day, and have the bicyclesstolen by German soldiers. I might re­late likewise how the sight of our firstdead horse stretched out by the roadsideturned our talk' to life insurance, andhow I bemoaned the fact that I had notsigned up the year before for everythingoffered me by that half of our alumniwhich is engaged in insuring the otherhalf.They were glorious days. They weredays in which gigantic catastrophesjostled inane trivialities. They weredays passed in the companionship ofsome of America's finest characters. Andthey had unexpected climaxes. For in­stance, in that scrapbook of momentousevents that I referred to a few thousandwords back, the one, you know, that the Little Girl and I patched' up, it reads:Aug. 23. We are taken to Aix-la­Chapelle as prisoners in a prison train,sans shave, sans bath, sans baggage.And I knew positively that we wereneutral.HARRY HANSEN, '09.THE ALUMNI CLUB DINNERThe annual Football Dinner of theChicago Alumni Club, held at the Uni­versity Club on Wednesday, November10, was the largest in the history of theClub, more than 275 attending. The en­tertainment, which was in general chargeof Brent Vaughn, '96, included a talkby Professor Benjamin S. Terry on "TheFaculty and Football," speeches by Cap­tain Russell and Coach Stagg, "pothry"by]. P. McEvoy of the Chicago Heraldand Donald Richberg, '01, quartette'singing and moving pictures. CoachStagg made one of those talks, full ofdirectness and dry humor, which makesa Chicago alumnus wish always thatmore newspaper editors could listen andforget that threadbare old theory of"Stagg's bear stories." He did not pre­dict defeat at Minneapolis, saying on thecontrary that with a dry field Chicago. had a very good chance, and that withDobson and Sparks able to play, hewould prophesy victory. The outcomeshowed how well he knew his team. Pro­fessor Terry's remarks are given else­where in this issue. Richberg's poemfollows.THE CHICAGO SPIRITIn the wigwams by Mendota whence thebeaten Badgers fled, .Once again Cassandra's message to theheedless crowd is read:"Fear Chicago most, my children, when herhopes are pale and thin;"When she's licked before the game begins,she's almost sure to win."We have met her brawny giants and havesmote them hip and thigh,-"We have blocked her vaunted puntersseeking victory through the sky,­"We have stopped her slippery runners;sprinters of ten second c1ass,-66 ,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"We have seized her All-Americans andflung them on the grass."But beware when scouts report themweak and crippled in the line,"When they have no full-back marvel andno half-back superfine,"H ush thy boasting, keep thy money, raiseno ante-victory din,-"When she's licked before the game begins,she's almost sure to win."Let Ann Arbor tell the story of the teamshe loved so well,That could lick the earth, and trained tobe the Champions of Hell!How they trampled on Chicago days be­fore the whistle blew!And the score? They made a Zero-andChicago made a Two.Illinois has painful memories of some ban­daged-up MaroonsWho beat all the pleasant music out ofcele bration tunes;And Cornell for years has wondered justwhat happened to the ballThat they couldn't carry one yard throughChicago's "paper wall."Ask Chicago why she fights best whenshe's beaten-Is it Stagg?That's a big part of the story-and therest, a well-earned brag:"There's a real Chicago spirit, that theOld Man's soul is in;"When we're licked before the game begins,we're almost sure to win!"The Club now has a paid-up member­ship of 190. It is in place to point outagain that any man who has ever at-.tended the University, for however shorta . time, is eligible to membership, andwill be welcome. The dues of $5.00 in­clude membership in the College AlumniAssociation for those eligible, and sub­scription to the Magazine.THE LETTER BOXJoplin, Mo., Nov. 7, 1915.To the Editor:You ask a very amusing question in thecurrent issue of the magazine relative tothe discussion occasioned by the ironicalstrictures passed on our American colleges,by observant authors such as Ernest Poole,in his "The Harbor," and the writer inthat article quoted from "The New Re­public," who assails the undergraduate forhis disinclination for mental preoccupa­tions. You ask if Chicago is on the wrongtrack, and put the paradoxical query, "Isa liberal education really illiberal," as ifthe student body is ever consulted, or the mass of graduate students (for that mat­ter) as to the benefit and advantage of thisor that method or curriculum at college.Has Ernest Poole stated such a wonder­ful revelation that we are all agape overhis expose of the frivolity, the irresponsi­bility and light-heartedness of college stu­dents? The only startling feature of hisdescription is not its reality, but its be­lated tellmg. Every college graduate rec­ognizes the description as applicable inhis case and the wonder is, there shouldbe astonishment now because one arises,who holds the mirror up to nature andshows us what the average campus resem­bles.And yet should college boys be held ac­countable for their dislike of mental tus­sles? Should the undergraduate be put un­der the ban because he prefers athletics tocalculus, and frat lobby stories to liter­ature?American life as a whole is not over­stimulating of things intellectual-art mu­sically and dramatically no less than all thefiner sentiments are shabbily treated, ex­cept in one or two isolated parts of theland. Our college boys are sons of Amer­ican homes and our American people donot view with affection anyone who isgiven to introspection or serious consid­eration of strikes, graft, sex, feminism, suf­frage-in a word, to the thinker.Again, American colleges are not com­parable with "European institutions oflearning any more than American life isanalogous to the European. The collegeman of Europe is an aristocrat by birthor position. University degrees confer dis­tinction. They place him in a higher caste.He is a leader and therefore prepares him­self at college for leadership. Few if anycollege boys of this country entertain no­tions of this sort. To them college is atime to loaf and invite the soul. No oneexpects college boys to create new ideasor project new visions. Radical thoughtcomes to the university from without andif it happens to arise from within, ask Pro­fessor Nearing what happens.The whole matter is very funny indeed;as if we should be surprised that this con­dition Ernest Poole and The New Republiclament, is not the accepted status every­where. There are a few students in allcolleges who are not wholly immersed inathletics, glee clubs, frats, socials, prome­nades and the like. They are banished bythe mass of students from all social ac­tivity and spend long, lonely hours in theirbarren dormitory and the library or elsein serious talk with a few close friends,who have acquired the contempt of theirfellow students, possibly also of the faculty.Are we on the wrong track? As theysay out here, we "sure" are. But the pa­thetic feature about it is that we shall notbe allowed to change it; we shall not beconsulted; we shall not be heard in theTHE LETTER BAG 67council of the college. The truth is edu­cation is not a preparation for life, but islife and he daily learns truth and couragewho conquers them anew each day.Sincerely,JOSEPH LEISER, '95.Chicago, Nov. 5.To the Editor:I have your communication asking meto send you my views on the value of thekind of education that the University' gives.I cannot speak of the pres en t, for I knownothing of the University as it is today.I take it, however, that things are muchthe same today as they were in my time.I have always felt that, so far as I am con­cerned, the University failed with me-orI failed with the University. It was notthe biggest, nor one of the biggest thingsin my life; it never had much of a grip onme nor was it a great inspiration to me.Sitting here now, twenty-two years after Ientered, I have hardly a recollection ofany of the courses given, and, except as Ifollowed them up in my professional ca­reer, I do not rernember any studies inlater life taken up by me as a result of theimpetus received at the University.This seems like a rather strong indict­ment and it may be that my experience ispeculiar to me. It would be interestingto know the experience of other old men.Sufficient time has now passed to warrantus in looking for results from the mengiven a University education. Off-hand Icannot think of many men of my genera­tion who have achieved a distinguished suc­cess, which can be attributed to their un­dergraduate training. Somehow most ofthe men I knew seern commonplace, andthe so-called leaders of my time even morecommonplace than the average.One of the things that strikes me mostis the keen disappointment I suffered atthe University. I had looked for so muchfrom it; I entered so eagerly and was soanxious to emerge the University man ofwhom I had dreamed. I had looked for­ward to personal contact with leaders inthought and had anticipated new interestsawakened by association with Universitymen.Looking back I have the recollection ofthe very fewest instructors whom I knewpersonally. More prominent than anyother instructor Oliver Thatcher standsout, and this principally because I remem­ber how we tried to "burn him up'" inbaseball practice.I can remember no serious conversationwith student or professor that left enoughof an impression upon me to stand outprominently after these years. I can hard­ly think of any man, or course of study,that was the conscious inspiration of any­thing I attempted in after life. I do not think that my outlook was broadened toany appreciable degree nor my method ofstudy improved.And in all the years that have passed,until today, I have never been asked byanyone connected with the University orits alumni affairs, for any contributionother than of money or of my presencethat some University affair might have alarge attendance. I may not possess suf­ficient gray matter, but if so I hate to haveit rubbed in. In my unsophisticated wayI had thought that a University wouldseek most the mental co-operation of itsalumni, and had dreamed of a time thatmight come when my University wouldshow me where I could make some mentalcontribution.I can remember the artificial methods re­sorted to in order to awaken college spirit.I never knew just what this was but italways seemed to be. some noisy thing in­spired by an insipid looking fellow, wav­ing his arms and yelling: "N ow fellows,all together!" I have imagined that col­lege spirit should have more of the spir­itual to it; that its token should be thewrinkled brow rather than the waving arm.Measured by accomplishments that uni­versity graduates should achieve, or by dis­tinctive contributions to the City or Stateor Nation, by the University itself, or bythose inspired by it, how much collegespirit has emanated from our alma mater?In my own personal experience, I havebeen a member of the State Legislature fortwo terms, representing the very districtin which the University is located. So faras any concrete help or encouragementfrom the University is concerned, I havenot found very much. I might well haverepresented some uncultured river districtfor all the inspiration it has given me. Attimes indeed it has almost seemed to methat this great University is hardly per­forming even the simplest duties of citizen­ship. In my four 'years' political experiencebut two men of the faculty have ever evenso much as asked a question of me. Oneof these men came to me representing anorganization seeking legislation, and cameto me only because others had sent him.As to the other man, I wish I could men­tion him by name, he was such a conspicu­ous exception. He assisted me in many alegislative problem, made timely sugges­tions and was one of those whose goodopinion I sought, and who helped to makea very tedious and thankless undertakingthe easier.In this connection, I must acknowledgemy debt of gratitude to many of the alumnifor enthusiastic assistance in my politicalambitions, but at the same time I have fre­quently wondered whether they were notactuated by a personal desire to see me winrather than that the State might be bestserved by my election.It is a long story and I have not the68 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHIcAGO MAGAZINEtime nor the space to go into detail. Pos­sibly I have exaggerated a little. I haveno doubt that this is so, but if this letterwill serve to start the discussion it mayhave its value and perhaps I shall havemore to say later in amplification.I haven't attempted the solution of theproblem nor have I attempted to describethe causes, but I think they are one andthe same thing. I still, however, have theundergraduate's fear of speaking out onthings relating to the powers that be, I amstill afraid of the flunk notice.Do you remember the moral to one ofGeorge Ade's fables: "In uplifting, get un­derneath"? We have to change it a bitfor our purpose: "In leadership in thingsmental, look to the top."Y ours very truly,ISAAC S. ROTHSCHILD, '97.To the Editor: Kyoto, Oct. 18, 1915.Expect you've been able through thepress to obtain results of our tour. I'vehad a thousand odd things to look afterand therefore haven't done much writing,yet I know our Alumni would like a littlenews.Upon leaving the capital city of Tokyoour baseball party look back on a monthof continual receptions and mighty inter­esting times. To make it all pleasant wehad to go one better than our Maroon teamof 1910. We have had the good fortune ofwinning seven straight victories over theleading Japanese Universities in Tokyo, andincidentally we won a combination baseballand track meet against the All Star Amer­icans played at Yokohama, score 20 to o.A typhoon aided our proclivities some­what.The international series against WasedaUniversity, our hosts, and Keio were re- plete with brilliant plays, as the closescores indicate. The shutout victoriesbrought out gilt-edged fielding. We've hadthe happy faculty of bunching our hits offthese curve-ball Jap pitchers. Our teambatting average against these right-handedcurve artists was .225 per cent. I am con­fident our ever dangerous opponents havegreatly improved in their play over that of1910. Not only in the field did they makemany spectacular, thrilling plays but at batthey looked better. Yet what really sub­dued our opponents was the battery workof the Maroons. Des J ardien was at theheight of his athletic career, having hislong sought for control and too muchspeed. He opened the international seriesagainst Waseda on Friday, September 24,winning 5-3. Two errors gave them theirscores. Then on the next day he cameback and licked Keio 4-1, surely an unusualfeat. Since then he has pitched shutoutsagainst Waseda, 2-0 and 1-0, and againstKeio 3-0.Outside of baseball the men took tripsto Kamakura, Mikko and Lake Chuzenzie.The shops have been studied with muchpleasure but I believe the most interestingof all Japan are the little children-alwayshappy.We are now spending a week as guestsof the people of southwestern Japan. Herein Kyoto the coronation will soon takeplace. This old capital city has the nar­row streets and seems much slower thanTokyo-real Japanese. We are scheduledfor a three game series at Osaka againstW-aseda. Then we will view N ara andKobe, and will sail from Nagasaki forChina and Philippines. Fellows are all fineand enjoying their wonderful opportunitiesgiven them by their Alma Mater. Wearewishing Mr. Stagg and the football menthe best of luck.Sincerely,H. O. PAGE, '11.The University RecordNew appointments have been announcedby the University Board of Trustees asfollows: .Harry Dexter Kitson, to instructorshipin the Department of Psychology; John B.Canning and Frederick M. Simons, Jr., toinstructorships in the Department of Politi­cal Economy; Samuel Carson Duncan, to· a. lectureship in the same department: andEdith Abbott, to an instructorship in theDepartment of Sociology.Rudolph Altrocchi has been made anassistant professor in the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures, andProfessor Julius Stieglitz of the Depart­ment of Chemistry, has been made chair­man of the Department to succeed ProfessorJohn Ulric N ef, whose death occurred inAugust. Professor Stieglits has been con­nected with the Department of Chemistry atthe University since its founding, is an asso­ciate editor of the Journal of the AmericanChemical Society, a member of the Arner i­can Academy of Arts and Sciences and ofthe National Academy of Sciences, as wellas of the International Commission onAnnual Tables of Constants. He has alsoTHE UNIVERSITY RECORDbeen for several years director of Analyti­cal Chemistry and director of the U niver­sity Laboratories.Assistant Professor Robert Retzer, ofthe Department of Anatomy in the Uni­versity of Chicago, has resigned to becomeprofessor of anatomy and dean of the med­ica! college of Creighton University atOmaha, Nebraska; and Dr. L. Charles Rai­ford, of the Department of Chemistry, be­comes professor of chemistry in the StateCollege of Oklahoma. Dr. Raiford re­ceived his Doctor's degree from the Uni­versity of Chicago in 1909.Two instructors at the University ofChicago have recently been granted leaveof absense by the University Board ofTrustees, Dr. Pietro Stoppani, of the De­partment of Romance Languages and Lit­eratures, and Franck Louis Schoell,. of thesame department. The former expects toreceive an appointment to the hospital serv­ice in Italy, and the latter, who is servingin the French army, has been woundedand, according to latest reports, is aprisoner in Germany.Mr. and Mrs. Jesse L. Rosenberger, ofChicago, have given funds for a fellow­ship to be known as the Colver-Rosen­berger Fellowship. The income from thefund will be paid to holders of the fellow­ship, the object being, as stated by thedonors, to make the fellowship as im­portant and beneficial as possible-produc­tive of good in immediate results, as wellas stimulating to persons of high char­acter and promise to unselfish study andendeavors for the benefit of mankind andthe solution of the more vital problemsof human life. The desire is expressed thatthe fellowship be kept preferably in thefield of sciences relating to human societyand welfare. It may be administered withsome reference to the "Colver-RosenbergerLectures," a fund for which has alreadybeen provided by the donors. The fatherof Mrs. Rosenberger, who is a graduate ofthe University of Chicago, was Rev. CharlesK. Colver, who made the first subscriptionto the fund for the establishment of thepresent University of Chicago.Since the transfer of the Departments ofGeology and Geography of the Universityof Chicago to the new Julius RosenwaldHall, Walker Museum has been undergoingthe necessary alterations so that it maynow be used for museum purposes as wasoriginally designed. The building is beingthoroughly repaired, a modern lighting sys­tem is being installed, and much materialof unique scientific value, which has neverbefore been displayed through lack ofspace, is now being arranged for perma- 69nent exhibitions. The Museum containsmore than a million specimens.Another expedition to Japan and Koreahas been undertaken by Associate Pro­fessor Frederick Starr, who sailed fromTacoma bv the "Mexico Maru" on October7. His photographer and helper on theexpedition will probably be Hambei Mae­bashi, of Tokyo. The expedition is plannedto cover six months' time, Professor Starrexpecting to return to the University intime for the opening of the Spring Quarterin .April, 1916.Professor Starr hopes to finish studies inJapan and Korea, already begun, leavinghimself free for proposed researches inSiam and Cambodia. In Japan he willgive particular attention to photographicwork, the effort being made to completehis already large series of negatives illus­trating the life and culture of the IslandEmpire; he will continue his study of Budd­hist sects and will visit the more importantShinto shrines with which he is not yetfarniliar t and he hopes also to finish hisinvestigation of Japanese symbolism, uponwhich he has been engaged for severalyears. In Korea Professor Starr plans pil­grimages to the more famous old Buddhistmonasteries, which abound in interestingand almost unknown works of art; and hehopes to gather much material for a Manualof Korean Ethnography and to make thebeginnings of an ethnographic collection.He will also continue his collection ofKorean riddles and proverbs. ProfessorStarr desires to give further study alsoto the administrative work of the Japanesein Korea, which he has followed with es­pecial interest since Japan became thedominant influence in that country.In September, before leaving for theOrient, Professor Starr had served theRepublic of Liberia as chief commissionerat the Half-Century Anniversary of NegroFreedom held at the Coliseum in Chicago.He arranged for that government collec­tions illustrating the .resources, history,missions, educational efforts and languagesof the country. Professor Starr was presentat the coronation of the new emperor ofJapan on November 10 in Kyoto, the oldcapital of the country. To study the peoplemore closely Professor Starr traveled onfoot from Tokyo to Kyoto along the an­cient highway that passes through somefi fty villages.The University Auditor; Trevor Arnett,'97, has been granted leave of absence atthe request of the General EducationBoard, in order that he may prepare forpublication by the Board a comprehensivereport on educational finance. Mr. Arnettwill spend a portion of his time for sixmonths or more in New York City, but70 .THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwill still have general oversight of theauditing department of the University. Mr.Arnett's system of auditing accounts atthe University has attracted wide attention,and requests from many educational in­stitutions in the East, Middle West andSouth have come for advice as to meth­ods of accounting and plans to be usedin the preparation of budgets. In some in­stances, plans for entire reorganization ofaccounting and auditing systems have beensuggested and acted upon, and in this waydirect service to the cause of educationhas been given by making known to otherinstitutions the experience of the Univer­sity of Chicago and its successful experi­ments in university administration.Mr. Arnett's report as Auditor of theUniversity has just been preprinted fromthe President's Report for 1914-15. Thereport, of twenty-one pages, consisting oftwelve statistical tables, covers the finan­cial history of the University from July 1,1914, to June 30, 1915.Among the members of the Crime Com­mission of Chicago recently appointed byJudge George Kersten, of the CircuitCourt, and Chief Justice Harry Olson, ofthe Municipal Courts, are Dean Hall andProfessor Merriam. The commission,which consists of fourteen lawyers andcivic leaders, five aldermen, and five womeninterested in social reform, is an outgrowthof the Merriam Crime Commission, andwill consider such 'subjects as necessarychanges in the criminal laws of the state,an improved system of criminal statistics,methods, and practices in police courts, andthe operation of parole and probation sys­tems.The educational survey of the higherstate institutions of Iowa has been organ­ized by a government commission whichincludes Dean Angell. Other members ofthe commission are Dean Kendric C. Bab­cock, of the University of Illinois, Dr. Sam­uel F. Capin, a specialist in higher educa­tion from the Bureau of Education, andPresident R. M. Hughes, of Miami Univer­sity.The survey has been undertaken with aview to determining the efficiency of theorganization and administration of thehigher educational institutions in Iowa,their needs, and the economy with whichtheir funds have been spent, and thus tocontribute help to the state in the solutionof some of its' educational problems.The judges announced by the executivecommittee of the National Security Leaguefor the best essay on "National Defense"include President Judson, of the Universityof Chicago; former President Cyrus N orth- rup, of the University of Minnesota; andProfessor Albert Bushnell Hart, of Har­vard University.Professor Leon C. Marshall, Dean of theCollege of Commerce and Administration,was among the speakers at the banquetgiven by the citizens of Cincinnati to thedelegates at the Conference of Urban Uni­versities held at the University of Cincin­nati from November 15 to 17.Associate Professor Anton]. Carlson, ofthe Department of Physiology, lecturedbefore the Harvey Society of New Yorkon November 6, on the "Recent Contribu­tions to the Physiology of the Stomach."Dr. Carlson has been connected with theDepartment of Physiology at the Univer­sity of Chicago for ten years, and has beenfor six' years secretary of the AmericanPhysiological Society.The Reynolds Club has now a total of830 members. Of these, about 200 are as­sociate members. A year ago the totalmembership of the club was 756. The clublibrary contains more than thirteen hun­dred volumes. A recent acquisition of theclub is a valuable library table costingabout $175. The present officers of thedub include the following: President, Les­lie Monroe Parker, '14, Law '17; vice-presi­dent, Richard Perry Matthews, '17; secre­tary, John Craig Redmon, '16; treasurer,William Mansfield Templeton, '17; and li­brarian, Harold John Gordon, '16.A class in military training now formspart of the regular schedule in the Bart­lett Gymnasium. It will consist of suchUnited States infantry drills as can betaught on a gymnasium or armory floor.The students will drill in squads and pla­toons, and a small company may beformed. Close-order drills will predomi­nate. No rifles are to be used at present,but rifle and bayonet exercises will be sim­ulated with the help of iron wands. It isthe intention to continue the work duringthe winter quarter and probably later. Thework will be in charge of Assistant Pro­fessor Adolph C. von N o e, of the Depart­ment of German in the University, whoonce served in the Austrian army and re­cently was a member of the citizens' sol­dier camp at Fort Sheridan.A volume by Percy Holmes Boynton,Associate Professor of English, is just an­nounced by Gunn & Co., under the titleof "Principles of Composition." The firsthalf of the book deals with the elementsof composition and the second half withthe forms of discourse, and literary crit­icism.ALUMNI AFFAIRSALUMNINEWS OF THE CLASSESF. D. Nichols, '97, writes:"Thank you for your kind suggestionthat I prepare a few reminiscences of theearly days at the University. I should likenothing better than to submit a few stunts,but I am just launching a new project andhave much more than I can possibly do thenext several months."You advise writing on the most inter­esting thing I remember while in college.To my astonishment, I discover that noone thing stands out as more interestingthan very many others. In those daysthere were mountain peaks of experienceas estimated from my youthful point ofview; but alas, this early landscape hasbecome cl;riously flat and circumscribed."In this connection, please tell the properperson that my address from now on willbe 340-346 Security Building, Minneapolis,and that I should like to have the maga­zine sent there."My family is getting along well, espe­cially the boy, who shows great athleticpromise. We shall live in this city' untilthe first of July when we shall probablygo to our University Heights summerplace again."The "new project" he speaks of is theThompson Falls Development Company,of which he is president, and H. A. Aber­nethy, '98, is secretary.Waldo P. Breeden, '97, sends an an­nouncemen t of the annual general meetingand smoker of the Western ConferenceAlumni Association, held at the UniversityClub of Pittsburg, November 20. Bree­den's address is 722-3 Frick Building, Pitts­burg. He signs the announcement as sec­retary, but whether of the ConferenceAlumni Association or of the ChicagoAlumni Club there we know not.Samuel N. Harper, '02, assistant profes­sor of Russian Language and Literature,left New York September 25 for Bergen,Norway, whence he intended to journey toMoscow and Petrograd. In a recent letterfrom Stockholm, Sweden, Mr. Harper de­scribes in detail the effect of the Europeanwar on travelers. He dwells upon the in­creased precautions taken by all govern­ments, both neutral and warring. At everyturn, according to the letter, he was haltedand questioned as to his goal and as to theintentions of his mission. The surveillanceof travelers in Russia is known for itsstringency, he writes. But now, accordingto Mr. Harper, even the neutral countriesare far more exacting in their surveillanceof foreigners than Russia was at any pre­vious time. 71AFFAIRSMr. Harper expects to return to theUniversity by the beginning of the win­ter quarter, on January 3.Sanford Lyon, '0'7, writes from Vancouver:couver:"Just this week you have been broughtto mind by an old D. K. E. friend of ours,Hooper Pegues, who writes me from thenorth country that he has a 'request fromsome literary genius. I am sure he is lit­erary . because his signature is so very il­legible,' relative to contributing sundry ac­counts of his experiences to the Universityof Chicago Magazine. (I am the man.-Ed.)"Since my oldest is a boy I don't mindadmitting that the last two are girls, theyoungest Canadian born. I would appre­ciate news and will be glad to be remem­bered to any of myoId acquaintances youmay see."Nathaniel Pfeffer, '10, who is now work­ing for The China Press in Shanghai,China, has contributed an article to thecurrent issue of Photoplay magazine, enti­tled, "Honolulu's Garish Night." (Thearticle is illustrated by Roy Baldridge, '11.)Baldridge has recently completed and puton sale a plaque with a likeness of Capt.Russell of the football team, sculptured inrelief. The story deals with the movingpicture business in Honolulu, Hawaii, asobserved by Pfeffer while on his stay there,preparatory to his departure for China.E. M. Patterson, ex '10, is a professorat the University of Pennsylvania.Lilian Gray, '14, is teacher of English inthe high school at Amarillo, Texas.Laura M. Smith, '14, is primary super­visor of schools, Chamber of CommerceBuilding, Atlanta, Ga.Cornelia M. Beall, '14, Frances A. Rosen­thal, '15, and Janette Flanner, ex '14, arenow officers in the Glen Mills School forGirls, at Darling, Delaware Co., Pa.Bessie E. Harvey, '15, is teaching in theFarmington high school, Uniontown, Conn.Hazel Furchgott, '15, is taking graduatework at Wellesley College. Her address is5 Abbott street, Wellesley, Mass.John M. Allison, '15, is located at 133 W.Ninth street, Leadsville, Colo.Olav H. 'Walby, '16, is superintending theScandinavian Baptist work in Jersey City,N. J.. ,. .Joseph FIshman, 15', IS at present Incharsre of the Department of Manufactur­ers' °Supplies. of the Martin-Senour PaintCompany. His residence is at the HullHouse where he is teaching English.Scott Donahue, ex., is representing inChicago' the Society of Applied Psychol­ogy, which has offices also in New Yorkand San Francisco.72 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECharles E. Hulbert, ex., has left White& Tabor to form a real estate agency ofhis own, with offices at 510 Insurance Ex­change Building, Chicago.A new tuberculosis sanitarium at Spo­kane, Washington, has been named the Ed­win D. Butterfield Sanitarium, in honor ofEdwin D. Butterfield, ex., who died at Spo­kane three years ago. Many Chicagoalumni remember "Ned" Butterfield, light­hearted, energetic, adventurous, and alas,frail. He worked tirelessly the last twoyears of his life for the sanitarium, whichhas just been completed, died, in fact, inits service, and at his death left to it hislibrary. Now it has been dedicated to hismemory.MARRIAGESFlorence Marion Gerhard, '10, and Wil­liam Dan Otter of La Grange were mar­ried on Wednesday evening, November 24.Mr. and Mrs. Otter will be at home afterDecember 15 at 7109 Eggleston avenue.Ali B. Mostrom, '11, and Zula E. Bennettof La Grange, Ill., were married Octo­ber 20.Otto Koppius, '13, and Mary H. Town­send, '11, were married on September 23,at the Central Baptist church, Memphis,Tenn. Mr. and Mrs. Koppius are living at1216 E. 53rd street, Chicago.Robert W. Baird, '12, and Emma Taylorof Harlem, Montana, were married at Har­lem on August 18. They are living in Mis­soula, Montana.ENGAGEMENTSErnest D. Leffingwell, '98, and AnnMeany, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. JosephMeany, 1927 Addison street, Chicago. Thewedding will take place some time in J an­uary.Mary D. Oughton, '08, and EugeneGardner of Cleveland, Ohio.BIRTHSGeorge H. Shull, '04, and Mrs. Shull,announce the birth of a daughter, GeorgiaMary, at 60 Jefferson road, Princeton, N.J., on October 25.Mr. and Mrs. William K. Farrell (Eliz­abeth V. j ones, '13), of 55'0 West 157thstreet, New York City, announce the birthof a son, John Andrew, on June 22.Mr. and Mrs. John Garfield jor dari(Nathalie Young, '08), announce the birthof a son on November 11.DEATHSThe announcement of the death of Dr.J. c. C. Clarke recalls the fact that he as­sisted Dr. Nathaniel Colver in 1866-7 inthe work of theological instruction "thatpreceded the establishment of the presentDivinity School. Mr. Clarke was' born inProvidence, Rhode Island, February 27,1833. He was graduated from the Univer- sity of Rochester (1859) and from Roches­ter Theological Seminary (1861). He heldpastorates in Yonkers, Madison and Cin­cinnati and taught Greek and modern lan­guages in the old University of Chicagoin 1865-6. From 1875 to 1886 Dr. Clarkewas professor of Greek in the theologicaldepartment of Shurtleff College, and hecontinued to reside at Upper Alton untilhis death, on September 17, 1915. He wasthe author of a number of books andarticles.THE LAW SCHOOL ALUMNIASSOCIATIONGeorge Kerman was chosen president ofthe Senior' Law class at the recent elec­tions. Isaac Carter was elected vice-presi­dent, Adda Eldredge secretary and Ber­nard Vinissky treasurer.Earl King was chosen president of theJuniors, Ezra Dyer, vice-president, andElizabeth Perry, secretary-treasurer. Fresh­men selected Stanley U dy president, KarlMichel vice-president, and Miriam Brownsecretary - treas urer.The council elections resulted as fol­lows : Senior members-Chang Tan, FisherHarris and John Sims. Juniors-MauriceVan Hecke, David Stewart and ErnestPuttkammer. Freshmen-Otto Lieber,James de la Motte and Gallord Ramsay.Staunton E. Boudreau, '15, has become amember of the firm of Boudreau & Hurley,301 Williamson building, Quincy, Ill.George N. Foster, '14, has become a mem­ber of the firm of Stocker & Foster, 435Bankers' Life building, Lincoln, Neb., atthe same time remaining a member of thefaculty of law of the University of, N e­braska.Robert L. Henry Jr., '08, has openedoffices at 610-1i Johnson County Bankbuilding, Iowa City, Iowa. He is stillprofessor of law at Iowa State University.Henry W. Humble, '15, is professor oflaw in the University of Kansas.John G. McDonald, '15, is with Brown& Pruitt, 1518-10 South La Salle street,Chicago.Benjamin F. Mills, '15, has opened officesat 29 South La Salle street.Clarence R. Ogg has opened an office at953 Monadnock building, San Francisco,Cal.Varnum A. Parish, '15, is a member ofthe firm of Gower, Hobbie & Parish, Mo­mence, Ill.Walter Miller Parker, '15, is located inHuntington, Va.George D. Parkinson, '15, has moved hisoffices to 331 I udge building, Salt LakeCity.Merrill 1. Schnebly, '13, has an office at1201 Jefferson. building, Peoria, Ill.William H. Spencer, '13, is associateprofessor of law -in Drake University, DesMoines, Iowa.THE LAW SCHOOL ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONHenry F. Tenney,' '15, is with Tenney,Harding & Sherman, 801-137 South La Sallestreet, Chicago.Franklin Hartzell, of the Law school, issaid by the Daily Maroon to have earnedhis expenses for the last ten years asa hog raiser. Starting with two small pigsin his back yard in 1905, he increasedhis stock and made use of a tract of landin the outskirts of Carthage, Ill. Hartzellexhibited the international champion herdin the Tanworth class last year. Hecleared over $1,000 at the state fair atSpringfield in 1911. In 1914 he exhibitedhis stock at Springfield, Des Moines; Mil­waukee and Minneapolis. He won the in­ternational championship at the latterplace.Divinity School Alumni Association­Divinity School alumni at the WisconsinBaptist state convention at Green Bay,Wis., met for dinner on the evening ofOctober 12, 1915. Fifty were present.William H. Jones, D. B., 1903, the moderatorof the convention, presided, and with PhilipG. Van Zandt, D. B., 1£110, led in the sing­ing of Chicago songs. Edgar J. Good­speed, D. B., '97, spoke for the DivinitySchool, and at the evening session of theconvention spoke briefly on education. Dr.P. G. Mode, '14, made the principal ad­dress at ·the closing session of the conven­tion on the evening of October 14.Rev. C. M. Dinsmore, D. B., 1909, has beencalled to the superintendency of missionsfor the Indiana Baptist State Convention.This promotion to the highest administra­tive position in the Bap tist work of Indianacomes to Mr. Dinsmore as a recognition ofhis fine work in two successive pastorateswithin that state.Rev. C. T. Holman, D. B., 1915, has set­tled with the First Baptist Church, Bloom­ington, Indiana. Mr. Holman has just com­pleted a successful three-year student pas­torate in LaMoille.Rev. J. F. Vichert, A. M., D. B., who fortwo years pursued graduate work in theDivinity School, has recently accepted theDeanship of the Theological Department orColgate University, New York. Since leav­ing us, Mr. Vichert has been pastor, succes­sively, in the First Baptist Church, FortWayne, and the First Baptist Church, Prov­idence, Rhode Island.Among the announcements of new Mac­Millan books appears one from Rev. Doug­las C. McIntosh, Ph. D., 1909, assistant pro­fessor of Systematic Theology in Yale U ni­ver sity. Since graduating, Mr. McIntoshhas issued several important articles, butthis book on the "Problem of Knowledge," 73for' exhaustiveness and scope, far outdis­tances any of his earlier publications. Thisbook will certainly claim the serious at­tention of all theological and philosophicalscholars.Rev. J. W. Hoag, D. B., 1905, has enteredupon the pastorate of the Woodward Ave­nue Baptist Church, Detroit, Michigan. Thischurch is one of the largest Baptist churchesin America and offers an exceptional op­portunity for evangelistic and social service.THE ASSOCIATION OF DOCTORS OFPHILOSOPHY[After last month's �ditorial note, you will say"great cry arid little wool!" But Dr. Slaught isj ust back; data in regard to the 25th anniversaryare not quite ready; and if you will not send inany account of yourselves, what is to be done?­Ed.]The following statement is taken from"Science" of October 22. The tables havebeen shortened to save space:There were last year conferred 556 de­grees of doctor of philosophy or science byinstitutions competent to confer these de­grees. This number exceeds the numberfor last year by 10 per cent., and is doublethe average number for the decennium be­ginning in 1898, when these records werebegun. During that decennium seven in­stitutions conferred 2,045 degrees and theremaining 38 institutions 685 degrees. Theseven institutions still lead decisively, butnot to the same extent, and their groupinghas been altered. In the first period, Chi­cago, Harvard, Columbia, Yale and JohnsHopkins each conferred an average ofover 30 degrees, while the number at Penn­sylvania and Cornell was in the neighbor­hood of 20. In the course of later yearsColumbia has surpassed Chicago, and Har­vard has not kept equal with these twouniversities. Yale and Johns Hopkins haveremained about stationary and now aregrouped with Pennsylvania and Cornell.The most notable change has been theincrease of advanced work in the. state.universities. As American students for­merly went to Germany for graduate work,so for a period of years students from thecentral and western states carne to the pri­vately endowed eastern universities. Theystill do so, but the state universities nowprovide men and equipment making it pos­sible to carryon research work to advan­tage. Last year Michigan, Illinois, Cali­fornia and Wisconsin each conferred overtwenty degrees as compared with an aver­age under five in the earlier period. Iowa,Nebraska and Indiana each conferred sixdegrees this year.Of the 556 degrees 309 were in the nat­ural and exact sciences, which represents74 .THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEa relative gain in them over the earlierperiod during which they were responsiblefor less than half of the degrees. Chem­istry, as always, leads, the 85 degrees be­ing by far the largest number conferredin any subject. Among the sciences bot­any and geology ranked high this year andappear to be the sciences making the mostrapid gains. Botany and zoology followedchemistry and about equalled English andhistory.Of 79 degrees conferred by Chicago, 53were in the sciences; of 70 degrees con­ferred by Columbia, 27 were in the sci­ences. At Columbia and Pennsylvania 39TABLE IDoctorates Conferred�og �r-t� rn..... 00 (1Jo� ��V� oorl�t ��vcd��������3��� � � � � � � � � ��Columbia ·· 32.2 55 59 44 75 81 66 63 70 835Chicago 35.6 54 38 42 55 57 46 61 79 788Harvard 33.8 42 38 35 42 41 52 63 58 709Yale '" 31.8 32 44 27 31 :n 39 32 36 590J ohns Hopkins 30.5 28 27 23 28 32 32 30 31 536Pe.nnsylvania 22.5 32 29 26 29 34 31 18 34 4iiRCornell 18.1 22 34 35 34 33 35 47 31 45��Wisconsin 8.6 17 16 13 23 27 19 31 21 258New York 6.7 15 13 11 17 10 16 19 15 183Clark " . '" 8.7 11 9 14 16 6 16 9 12 180Michigan 6.9 4 13 7 6 11 15 7 26 158Illinois .5 5 4 12 11 20 20 22 23 122California 3.3 '1 10 6 6 15 10 14 22 120Boston 4.4 11 13 6 13 8 9 .5 9 118Princeton 2.6 6 4 8 9 12 13 21 12 IIITABLE IIDoctorates Conferred in the Sciences,..:oo<=>�r-;<..... 00�� �b/) • (1Jt� <Xi � �,..; �;j "":j C;; U�\l) 0 0 r-I � -0 t�� � � � � � � � � E-< 0-;Chicago ., 16.4 37 20 24 35 37 16 28 53 414 53Columbia . . 13.4 21 23 11 29 36 27 21 27 329 39.T ohns Hopkins .. 16.8 17 20 15 19 23 21 18 23 324 60Cornell. " .10.4 15 24 'l7 27 28 30 36 26 317 70Harvard 14.1 13 14 10 20 15 22 28 33 296 42Yale 12.4 16 27 12 15 21 19 13 20 267 45Pennsylvania 9.') 18 13 12 10 9 9 5 11 177 39Clark ..... " .. 7.7 11 8 14 16 6 13 7 10 162 90Wisconsin 2.8 6 4 13 13 14 5 17 8 108 42California 2.4 2 6 4 5 12 9 11 16 89 74Illinois .3.0 2 9 6 15 11 18 17 31 06Michigan 2.8 1 1 3 8 10 5 15 76 48Princeton 1.1 3 2 5 7 7 7 4 49 44 per cent. of all degrees have been in thesciences, at J oh n s Hopkins it has been 60and at Cornell 70 per cent.The institutions which conferred two ormore degrees in a science are: Chemistry,Columbia, 12; Johns Hopkins, 11; Chicago,9; Yale, 8; Harvard and Illinois, 6 each;California, 5; Cornell and Pittsburgh, 4each; Michigan, 3; Iowa, Massachusetts In­stitute of Technology, Minnesota, NorthCarolina, Pennsylvania and Stanford, 2each. In Physics, Harvard, 5; Cornell, 4;Chicago, Clark and Michigan, 3 each; Cali­fornia, Johns Hopkins, Pennsylvania,Princeton and Yale, 2 each. In Zoology,Columbia, 5; Chicago and Harvard, 4 each;California and Wisconsin, 3 each; GeorgeWashington, Illinois, Johns Hopkins andYale, 2 each. In Botany, Chicago, 8; Cor­nell, 7; Washington, 5; California, JohnsHopkins and Pennsylvania, 3 each; Har­vard, Illinois, Michigan and Nebraska, 2each. In Psychology, Clark, 7; Harvard, 4;Chicago, 3; Michigan, 2. In Mathematics,Chicago, 7; Harvard, 3; Columbia, Cornell,Pennsylvania and Yale, 2 each. In Geol­ogy, Chicago, 8; Harvard, 4; Columbia,J oh ns Hopkins and Wisconsin, 3 each; In­diana and Yale, 2 each. In Physiology,Yale, 3; Chicago and Harvard, 2 each. InAgriculture, Cornell, 5; Illinois, 4. InAstronomy, Chicago, 3; Michigan. 2. InBacteriology, Brown, 4. In Anthropology,Columbia, 3; Harvard, 2. In Anatomy,Minnesota, 2. In Paleontology, California,2. In Pathology, Chicago, 2. In Geog­raphy, Chicago, 3.George H. Shull, '04, is managing editorof Genetics, a bimonthly journal which willcarry, beginning in January, a general rec­ord of investigations bearing on heredityand variation. It will contain a bout 600pages a year, at $6 per annum. On theeditorial staff also is Bradley W. Davis,now at the University of Pennsylvania .Andrew H. Hutchinson, '15, is assistantprofessor' of biology in the A. & IVI. Col­lege, College Station, Texas.Isaiah M. Rapp, '15, is professor ofphysics, University of Oklahoma .Terence T. Quirke, '15, is instructor ingeology, University of Minnesota.Howard Woodhead, '07, has been ap­pointed professor of sociology at the Uni­versity of Pennsylvania.Charles H. Maxson, '15, is assistant pro­fessor of political science at the Universityof Pennsylvania.ATHLETICS 75ATHLETICSFootball.- The ranking of the teams inthe Conference for 1915 is as follows:Minnesota and Illinois tied for first, mostnon-partisan observers crediting Minne­sota with the stronger team; Chicago,.third; Wisconsin, fourth; Ohio State, fiftli;Purdue, sixth; Indiana, seventh; Iowa,eighth; Northwestern, ninth.The season for Chicago was altogethercreditable. In the Conference, Chicago lostto Minnesota 20-7, and to Illinois 10-0, andwon from Northwestern 7-0, Indiana 13-7,Purdue 7-0, and Wisconsin 14-13. A vic­tory over the Haskell Indians, 35-0, wasalso an incident.Following the preliminary victories overNorthwestern, Indiana and Purdue, on Oc­tober 30th Chicago defeated Wisconsin14-13, in a game as full of thrills as themost crabbed spectator could demand.Wisconsin scored in the first three minutes,Russell fumbling a punt and Buck recover­ing for Wisconsin on the ten yard line,whence the ball was shoved over. Simp­son failed at goal,-a failure which subse­quently decided the game. From that mo­ment Chicago outplayed Wisconsin deci­sively, scoring two touchdowns and barelymissing two more, getting a total of twen­ty-two first downs to Wisconsin's eight,rushing the ball more than 2% times as faras Wisconsin, and yet by the breaks of thegame barely winning. Byers of Wisconsinon the offense and Buck of Wisconsin onthe defense were notable. For Chicago, amost brilliant game defensively was playedby Gordon, whose open-field tackling wasas fine as any the writer has ever seen. Of­fensively. Chicago starred rather as a teamthan individually, fresh men being contin­ually run into the back-field, and all beinggood for groundgaining. Dobson at full­back, while he played, was remarkably ef­fective. Unfortunately he wrote anotherparagraph in Chicago's chapter of accidentsthis fall by breaking a small bone in hisankle, which put him off the field for theseason.On November 6th a team mostly of sub­stitutes started against the Haskell In­dians. and led by 7-0 at the end of thefirst half. At the beginning of the secondhalf many of the regulars were put in,and soon ran up a top-heavy score. Don­ald Harper. youngest son of President Wil­liam R. Harper, played center for Chicagofor all but a few minutes of this contest.Captain Russell did not play at all-theonly game in his college career in whichhe did not share. Contrary to general ex­pectation, the Indians played a clean, fairgame.At the Chicago Alumni Club Dinner onNovember 10 general confidence was feltthat on a dry field, Chicago could beatMinnesota at Minneapolis. Whether that confidence was misplaced we shall neverknow, for the day was snowy and the fieldwas deep with mud. Minnesota smashedoff tackle, smashed off tackle, smashed offtackle-that was the story. Her weightand power were great, her team work wassplendid, and she earned three touchdowns.Chicago earned .one, and had another inits grasp when Whiting dropped the slip­pery ball after being tackled on Minne­sota's goal line. But Chicago gave every­thing she had, and it was not enough. Thegame was as clean as it was hard. Therewas not a spot on Minnesota's victory.The final game, with Illinois on N ovem­ber 20, was again looked forward to notwithout confidence by Chicagoans. To besure, Illinois had tied Minnesota andbeaten Wisconsin by a fairly heavy count;but comparative scores this year havegiven an unusually poor basis for prophecy,and with a dry field Chicago again antici­pated something fiery in the way of of­fense.· Gordon was hurt at Minnesota andcould not play, which meant less powerdefensively; but Russell's brilliant runningagainst the Minnesota team had rousedhopes. They were dashed. Chicago lackedthe punch. Illinois scored a touchdown onseven plays in the first four minutes, andkicked goal; ran the ball back later in thequarter far enough to get a goal from thefield; and then played a waiting game.Chicago, except on forward passes and onrunning back punts, could not gain at all.Many thought Russell should have usedthe forward pass even more than he did.for the percentage of completed passeswas unusually high; but Russell's general­ship has been so uniformly good this sea­son that it is not safe to criticise him.The newspapers universally have char­acterized Chicago's team this fall as afig h ting team, which seems fair. The oddshave been heavily against Chicago in allthe three later "big" games, and in everyone of those games the opponents havescored in the first five minutes, only to en­counter a furious resistance later such ashas always thrilled the crowd. It seemsfair also' however, to point out that this"fight" has been made necessary by the in­variable loose play at the. start of eachzarrie. Readers will recollect the hoary�ld tale of the man who, on' discoveringthat a cab would cost him two dollars thefirst hour and a dollar the second hour, of­fered to take it if he could begin with thesecond hour. It seems as if Chicago mighthave won a championship if she could havebegun with the second period in each game.Unluckily the rules do not allow that.Of the men individually, Capt. Russell;Shull. Scanlan, Whiting and Flood haveplayed their last football game for Chi­cago; as have Sparks, who was out most76 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINELo, the Poor Indians!Bierman Makes the First Touchdown at Minneapolis; Russell About to TackleATHLETICSof the season with a broken ankle, and Me­Connell, who was out altogether. Capt.Russell is one of four "great" quarterbackswho have displayed their prowess on Chi­cago teams-\Valter S. Kennedy, WalterEckersall, Walter Steffen and Paul Russell.Russell is as good a man in runningthrough a broken field as any in the west;in his college career has missed only onetackle while playing back, and that whenhe had a broken collarbone, which he hadneglected to mention to anyone; kicksfairly well, and very headily; and runs histime better than anyone the writer has seenfor years. He is head and shoulders aboveany other quarterback in the west, andfrom accounts of eastern games, probablythe best in the country except Barrett ofCornell. Shull is the incarnation of steadi­ness. Dogged, apparently uninterested,quiet as an old cow, he does what he hasto do with astonishing regularity and sue­cess. Against Minnesota, in 1913, heplayed the last half with his left arm limpand useless, and yet so steadily against afinal fierce attack that Mr. Stagg simplydared not send in a substitute. In the Wis­consin game, score 13-13, after Chicago'ssecond touchdown, Russell was holding theball for the goal-kick that meant victoryif it was successful. Shull stood waitingto kick. "Spike," said Russell, "rememberwhat this means 1" Said Shull placidly,"The sooner you put that ball down, Pete,the sooner she goes over," and over themiddle she went.Scanlan has probably played footballlonger than any other man on the team.He is an able guard, but an old injury tohis knee has long handicapped him. Whit­ing is heavy and fast, but has never quitehad the power of his older brother Law­rence, center five years ago. Flood has 77always been a disappointment, and thisyear may fairly be called a failure. N 0-body seems to know exactly what is the111 a tter with him, but he has been no terrorto opponents, either on offense or defense.In fact, Chicago's weakness at fullback hasbeen of really first importance in the lasttwo games; for with nobody to smash intothe line, the opponents have been able touse their spare defensive power against theend runs and forward passes. What a realsmashing full could do toward generallydisintegrating a defense was shown byDobson in the Wisconsin game so clearlythat one wonders whether the play thatcracked Dobson's ankle-bone did not alsocrack Chicago's only chance of first honorsin the Conference.Is anyone interested in "next year" talk?Of the present leaders in the squad thereremain, in the line, Fisher, center; Brodie,Bondzinski and Larson, guards ; Jackson,tackle; and Brelos, Townley and Foster,ends. Behind the line are Pershing andKnipschild, quarters; Gordon, Agar, N or­gren and Calm, halves; and Dobson andSchafer, fullbacks. The captaincy liesamong Agar, Ficher, Gordon, Schafer andJackson.Among the freshmen, Higgins of Okla­homa, MacPh erson of Washington, Byersof Pennsylvania, and Gorgas, Smith andGentles of Hyde Park are all big men, whohave football sense. There is also Sher-·law. who for one reason and another isplaying his second season as an ineligible;he is a fine player and a bright student, butnever quite has the necessary credits, some­how. Behind the line are among others,Hanisch, Graham and Crile, all good men.The prospects on the whole are more thanfair-in case there is a team at all.Russell Returning a Punt in the Purdue Game78 THE UNIVE�RSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECross Country.--Chicago's cross countryteam finished eighth in the annual Confer­ence race November 20 at Camp Randall,Wis., Wisconsin taking first, with Minne­sota and Illinois following. Captain Pow­ers won twenty-fourth place, the highestChicago mark. Watson of Minnesota tookfirst place in the record time of 25 :02, butthe mark has been thrown out since be­cause of poor measurement of the distance.Mason of Illinois was a close second andthree Wisconsin runners finished next inorder.The team won its only meet of the sea­son from Northwestern on November 13by a score of 230 to 310. Captain Pow­ers won the five-mile run in 27 :51, Angierof Chicago finished second. Points for thethird place were split between McVey ofChicago and Deswarz of Northwestern:Baseba ll.s=Coach Page and the Univer­sity baseball team, who have been in Ma­nila, are now on the way home. The teamhas chartered the Japanese boat, "TenyoMaru," for the voyage and will make stop­overs at Shanghai and Hongkong. Thelast stop in the East will be at Yokohama,Japan, from which place the squad will sailfor San Francisco, arriving there Decem­ber 27.In the barnstorming trip in the UnitedStates, the team won twelve and lost threegames. The series of six games in Hono­lulu were scheduled in seven days, andowing to the extremely hot climate of theislands, the best the team could do was to break even, losing two games to a St.Louis team and one to the First Infantryrepresentatives.The squad won all the games scheduledin Japan, making a total of twenty-sevenwon and five lost. Weidemann is the onlymember of the squad out of the game, hav­ing sprained his shoulder during the earlypart of the trip. So far Des J ardien hasnot lost a single game while in the box.Rudolph has been holding down the sec­ond base position and is leading the teamin hitting. Kixmiller has been at shortstopwith McConnell at the far corner.Basket bal1.- Three regulars of lastyear's basketball team will return. CaptainGeorge will play one of the guard posi­tions. Schafer will be leading man for theother. Townley has first call as center.Tharp, Bondy and Goldstone are the sub­stitutes who will return. Parker, Gerdes,Norgren and Clark will contest for the for­ward positions. The loss of Des Jardien,Kixmiller, Stevenson and Stegeman will bekeenly felt. Active training will begin inthe winter quarter with the return ofCoaches Page and Des J ardien from theOrient.Des J ardien and George were placed onthe first all-star basketball team selectedby the editors of Spalding's official bas­ketball guide for 1915. The teams werepicked by a vote of the college coachesand the officials of the different games.Des J ardien was given the center positionand George was placed at left guard.The Settlement DanceThe annual settlement dance, the pro­ceeds of which are devoted to the Uni­versity Settlement in the Stock Yardsdistrict, is to be held Friday, December11 in Bartlett Gymnasium.A number of novel ideas have been in­troduced. this year to make the dance asuccess. Two alumni, John FryerMoulds, '07, University cashier, andHarry Hansen, '09, of the Chicago DailyNews, have been appointed to assist theunder-graduate members of the Public­ity Committee.The University alumni are urged tomake a special effort to attend thisyear's Settlement Dance, take part in thegood time and do their share towardshelping the good work of Miss MaryMacDowell and her helpers at the set­tlement. Either men or women may come without partners and be assuredof plenty of dancing and a jolly evening.There will be fifteen dances, with threeintermissions during which four couplesof university students will give exhibi­tions of the latest society dances. TheSignet Club will offer two or three Eng­lish "folk dances, and the Men's andWomen's Glee Clubs will sing. Just offthe dancing floor a huge novelty grabbag, fortune tellers, and side shows, ex­hibiting the Campus Fat Lady, the ThinMan, and the Wild Man, will we trustamuse you. The Entertainment Com­mittee will also put on two star perform­ances, the Giddy Gridiron and theSwimming Match. If alumni are unableto secure tickets from the distributors,they may purchase admission at the doorfor fifty cents apiece. THE COMMITTEE.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 79"The�lllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIilllllllllllllllllllllllili111111111111111111111111111illlllllllllll!1111111111111111111111111111111I111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111illllllllll�-at Tobey's"Gift Shop- a place ruled by the dictates of refined taste; a place of comparativequiet-away from the "shoppers" thoroughfare-where selections may bemade leisurely and with study.Choice is offered from a most attractive miscellany of artistic householdfurnishing accessories -lamps, tea tables, vases, brass and copper ware,desk sets, candlesticks, pottery, trays, stands, et cetera-all useful objects,and excellent gifts.The Tobey Furniture CompanyWabash Avenue and Washington Street--�!II!III!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII111111111111!1111111111111!1!llllllllllllllllillllllll11111!llllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllilllllll111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111IIIIIII!II!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1!lllllllllllllllllllllllflllll!I1ffi', '" - .,. � -, .XmasCards XmasCardsBuy Books--/or--Christmas GiftsYou will find a Largeand Select Assortment-At-Woodworth's BookS 1311 E. 57th Street.tore, Near Kimbark Ave .'Telephone Hyde Park 1690XmasCards XmasCards Business Manager,University of Chicago Alumni MagazineUniversity of Chicago.Dear Sir:Please send the MAGAZINE for1915-16 to the following:[Name'] .[Address] : .and send the bill ($1.50) to me.[Signature] .[Address;] .80 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINENational Badge& Pennant Co.( Incorporated)ADVERTISINGSPECIAL TIE SFancy Pillow TopsDen Skins, PostersBanners and FlagsFraternity JewelryButtons, BadgesPins, Pennants, etc.TELEPHONECENTRAL 3399105 W. Madison StreetCHICAGO Gstablished1897Now, take "Premium" Sliced Bacon, for in­stance-there's the breakfast to start off the day.You know it's the best, you eat it with zest.It just "hits the spot," as they say.All the slices of uniform thickness; a gener­ous streaking of lean; the" Premium" cure­you'll like it for sure; it's the best little mealthat you've seen.Buy a carton of "Swift's Premium" Bacon­look for the name" Swift" in blue. It's cleanand it's sweet; it's a regular treat. "Swift'sPremium" 's the bacon for you..:J5[ak_ersofCAPS - GOWNS - HOODSSpecial Rental DepartmentCOLLEGE SPECIALTIESTHE ·W. C. KERN CO. 1331c�\tc��JtreetCONGRESS HOTEL and ANNEXThe right place to go for university parties and banqu. ts