The University of Chicago'MagazineVOLUME VII NUMBER 6APRIL 1915IN ,MEMORIAMCharles Richmond HendersonBorn December 17,' 1848.Died March 29, 1915.the Magaeine in its last issue an­nounced that- Dr. Charles ,R. Hendersonhad fourid -himself unable to finish thework of the winter quarter, and had leftfor South Carolina on March 9th. 'He didnotgain, and on March 23rd had a strokeof apoplexy. From that time on he wasin a state 0'£ coma until his death on theearly morning of Monday, March 29th.His body was brought to ChicagoWednesday evening and taken directlyto Oakwoods, where, after funeral serv­ices on Thursday in Mandel and" at thecemetery, he was' buried. Mrs. Hender­son, President Judson and ProfessorAlbion W. Small were with Dr. Hender­son at the time of his death. No loss by death since that, of Presi­dent Harper has seemed so personal andmoving to' the' university as 'that of Dr., Henderson. As scholar and teacher hewas widely known; but as chaplain "hetouched the life of every student. Morn­ing after morning, year' after year, he .set.before th�m 'with eager eloquence thegospel of service arid ,self":respect, thebeauty and the mystery 'of' faith; the wis­est learned of him and the weakest werenot unstirred. N ow that tall, fine figurewe shalf never se� again, we shall. nothear that voice of tenderness. Nearestto a saint he 'was perhaps, this worker,thinker, -lover of God and man, that ariyof us kn-ew. .164Events and DiscussionTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAmong the suggestions which come tothe editor there are two which appearwith regularity-one, more alumni news;two, more life, in geN­eral. Two recent ideasin regard to alumninews are these: 1 0keep a standing head asking everybodywho sees a copy of the MAGAZINE andwho knows a fact of interest about anyformer student of the university to sendit in; and to establish local centers ofnews, as N ew York, Washington, LosAngeles, Denver, etc., with certainalumnae and alumni there in charge.This last has been tried, with no success.Still a third suggestion has promise-­that the editor write directly to some SOOor 1,000 alumni, asking each one what heis doing or has done for the gayety ofnations and the glory of the U. Thetrouble with this is that it doesn't includethe ex'es, among whom are some mightyinteresting citizens, but whose addresseshave never been put on file; and it doesn'tinclude the alumnae, whom, though thefault is not his own and never has been,the editor doesn't know as well as hedoes the men. Otherwise he will try theidea out. As to the second point, 1)1.1t­ting general life into the MAGAZINE, thatis, of course, a matter of efficiency orlack of efficiency in the editor. To befrank, he quite agrees with his critics.Pictures, of course, cost money, andmoney the MAGA2INE hasn't in largequantities. But lightness of touch,knowledge of what the public wants, theseare or are not in the editorial equip­ment, speaking generally; speaking spe­cifically, they are not. Fraternitymagazines _ have been held up for hisemulation, and he has perused many, withsome dreariness of spirit, he admits. Buthe will continue to pray for guidance.In this issue will be noticed-hush!­the touch of commerce. In other words,advertisements. This means, first, thatAs to. theMagazine all arrangements- have finally been con­cluded 'with the post office and that thechange in arrangements for publicationis officially approved; second, that thepolicy of other alumni magazines hasbeen adopted. In this connection, a wordshould be added concerning subscriptions.With a publication of this sort, the onlysure way to keep SUbscriptions going isby individual personal appeal. If every­body who now subscribes would secureone other subscriber the value of theMAGAZINE would be much more thandoubled. The increase in subscriptionswould make possible twice as large amagazine, and the publication of materialin far greater detail and variety. If youthink the university is worth a little ofyour interest, begin by showing it in thisway. Get a subscriber! If you have tomake a nuisance of yourself to do so,.make a nuisance of yourself; it will bea change for you, and enable you to sym­pathize with the editor.On Friday evening, April 23, Chicagomeets Dartmouth in the first. intersec­tional debate in fifteen years. Announce­ment has been madeThe Dartmouth that the DartmouthDebate Alumni Association,two hundred strong,will attend the debate in Mandel in abody. Every former student of the Uni­versity who can come should be there,earnest in his support of the intellectualpowers of the West, The debate - is notonly interesting in itself, but it is theresult of a very sporting spirit on thepart of the Chicago debaters. Originallythe question agreed upon was the oneconcerning the Monroe Doctrine, whichwas discussed by the Chicago teams inJanuary. Less than a month ago the Dart­mouth men declared that they had no timeto work up this question properly, where­upon the Chicago debaters, rather thanlose the chance of meeting, agreed toaccept the question which Dartmouth wasusing in its contest with Brown: "Re­solved that the standing army of theEVENTS AND DISCUSSIONUnited States should be immediately in­creased to.not less than double its presentnumerical'strepgth." The Chicago mennot only gave up their spring vacation topreparation, but have been spending near­ly all their time since in the work. HarryRosenberg and Sherman Conrad willsupport the affirmative in Mandel, RayWeaver and John McDonald the nega­tive at Hanover, New Hampshire.Tickets for the debate at Mandel, at fiftycents each, may be obtained of H. G.Moulton, Faculty Exchange.The following have been appointedchairmen of committees in charge o.f theJune Reunion of the College AlumniAssociation: Arrange­men t s, J 0 h n C.Dinsmore; UniversitySing, Lawrence Whit­ing; Class Reunions, Alice Greenacre :Alumnae Breakfast, Hazel Stillman;Publicity, Hiram Kennicott. AlumniDays are June 10 and 11. The announce­ment of the class reunion of 1914 is inanother column; other class announce­ments will be published as received. Thegeneral chairman is S. Edwin Earle, careof Northern Banknote Company, Rand­McN ally Building, Chicago, who. will beglad to receive suggestions and informa­tion.Elsewhere is given an outline of thetrouble to' be expected at the annualbusiness meeting of the Chicago AlumniClub. Only a, largeChicago Alumni crowd can make theClub Meeting action taken or nottaken significant. Butthe discussion will be of value whetherthe crowd is large or not. There is onlyone aim in the club, to serve, with fellow­ship; but there -are some head-ondefinitions of service, and likewise appar­ently of fellowship. There will be song,argument, and deep draughts of intoxi­cant ideas; high low-brows and low high­brows; intellectual socialism and voca­tional aristocracy: the athletic Anderson,the ready Richberg, the safe Stevens, theThe JuneReunion 165winsome Walling, will.be there. Advance,alumni, and give the countersign, whichwill be as follows: Prosit!Permission has finally been granted bythe authorities of the city to 'the Black­friars to give their annual play in Mandelas usual,· the FriarsThe Blackfriars' agreeing to employPlay only steel scenery.The play, by WalterPoague, '14, is called "A Night ofKnights." The dates of production areFriday and Saturday, April 30 and May1, 7 and 8. The cast includes VernonBrown as "Burnway," Victor Halperinas "Dick Turner," Harold T. Moore as"Jack Bradley," Raymond Anderson, '16,as "Professor Fixit," Arthur W. Rogers,'18, as "Hubert," John Edgeworth, '17,as "Sir Rupert,' Sigmund Cohen as "TheCaptain"; Samuel Beckwith, '16, as"Pedro," Dunlap Clark, '17, as "SirHugh," Craig Redmon, '16, as "Eustace,"William Veatch as "Simon," and LouisBlachly as "Lady Ruth." The choice for"Dolores" has not been announced.Ninety men tried out for chorus work.Two rehearsals a day will be heldthroughout April. The seat sale wasopened to University organizations onApril 12, and will be open to the publicon April 20.The cornerstone of Ida Noyes Hallwas laid on Saturday, April 17, in thepresence of Mr. LaVerne W. Noyes, thegiver 0 f the building.The exercises wereplanned by and givenby the women of theUniversity. Rapid progress has beenmade in the work of construction, thesteel roof beams now being in place andmuch of the cut - stone work already fin­ished. In the Classics Building classesare being held for the first time duringthe spring quarter, and the Classics De­partmental Library has been installed.Besides classrooms . and offices theClassics building has a lecture room, seat­ing 130, a reading room on the thirdThe NewBuildings166 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEfloor which is surely one of the most"attractive to be found anywhere, a largemuseum on the fourth floor, bookstackswith a capacity of 220,000 volumes, andclubrooms for both men and women,with kitchenettes attached for the serviceof refreshments. The cost of the build­ing was about a quarter of a milliondollars.March 16 Rosenwald Hall was dedi­cated with a formal program, in whichseven alumni, now teaching elsewhere,participated; Eliot Blackwelder, A.' B.'01, Ph. D. '14, now at the University ofWisconsin, who spoke on "The EarthSciences and Education"; Frank W.DeWolf, S. B. '03, director of the IllinoisGeological Survey, on "GovernmentalGeological Survey"; William H. ElTI-mons, Ph. D. ·'04, head of the departmentof geology at the University of Minne­sota, on "The Earth Sciences and. In­dustry"; Wallace W. Atwood, S. B. '97,Ph. D. '04, professor of physiography atHarvard, on "The Earth Sciences andGeneral Culture"; E. B. Bronson, Ph. D.'05, professor of geology in the Uni­versity of Missouri, on "The Lessons ofAncient Life"; E. C. Case, Ph. D. '96,professor of paleontology in the Uni­versity of Michigan, on "The Teachingsof Historic Vertebrates" ; George F. Kay,Ph. D. '14, head of the department ofgeology at the University of Iowa anddirector of the Iowa Geological Survey,on "Earth Sciences and the Loftier Inter­ests of Mankind." The speeches ofBlackwelder, DeWolf and Atwood, all ofwhom were undergraduate as well asgraduate students at Chicago, are givenelsewhere in this issue, as also the re­marks of Dean Salisbury.The total costof these three buildings,the two just completed and the one underprocess of construction, is slightly overone million dollars. .What had the University of Wisconsindone that an efficiency commission should be turned loose upon her, and an investi­gation made of her. activities? (That theinvestigation was ingeneral charge of Wil­liam H. Allen, Chicago '98, may be takenas the excuse, if excuse is needed, for no­ticing it here.) She had gained fame asmore closely connected, perhaps, with theinterests of her state than any similar in­stitution in the country. She had become,nationally and internationally, the most(widely known state university. She hadcontributed not only indirectly large sumsto the wealth of the state, but,. directly,trained men to its councils, and by ·herinfluence had helped immensely the stateuniversities of Illinois, Michigan, Minne­.sota, Iowa, and Nebraska, as the headsof those institutions are quite willing toadmit. She had at her head in Dr. VanRise a scholar, a man of affairs, a manof social .sympathy, a man of executivepower, which placed him certainly in thevery front rank of college presidents; andshe had a body of instructors, loyal, con­fident, eager and strong. N ow how doesshe stand? Even Dr. Van Rise is mousedat by political owls. Two years ago onlya pick-axe could pry loose a Wisconsininstructor; now it is said a tap will do it,for they know neither what is expected ofthem nor how they are expected to gO'about it. The university's connection withstate affairs is called meddling, and hertrained mep. busybodies. Of course the"commission" is not the cause of all this,only the symptom; the cause is that re­actionary spirit, that backward swing, sowell known to those who ever touch thepolitical pendulum in America. Nor willthe present state of affairs endure long;the heads of those wise ones who 'are say­ing "too bad that even with the best inten­tions Wisconsin should ever have goneoutside the real function of a university"will hardly have had time to' settle intotheir knowing wag before the institutionwill have come into her own again. Butmeantirne.iwhat a remarkable spectacle isWisconsinIn vestigatedCHARLES RICHMOND HENDERSON 167afforded gods and men! Perhaps theuniversity isherself a bit to blame. Per­haps the wise heads are a little right.Perhaps she led her, state now and thento believe that the function of a uni­versity was to some extent to .promotecattle 'above culture, better the grade of butter rather than widen the vision ofyouth, study Bacon and bacon to the ex­clusion of Socrates and the stars. 'Atworst, however, she is only checked alittle in her stride; and the shadow ofChamberlin and Adams and Van Risewill hardly cease to lengthen.Charles Richmond Henderson"Charles Richmond Henderson was in America. At Detroit he becameborn in Covington, Indiana,· December actively connected with the national or-17, 1848. He was graduated from ganizations dealing with charity workLafayette (Ind.) High School in 1867; . and prison reform. In 1884 he gave hisspent one year at Kalamazoo College in first address before the National Con­Michigan; and then entering the Old ference of Charities. The "Advance" inUniversity, received the A. B. with dis- 1887 said: "Rev. C. R. Henderson istinction in 1870. In 1873 he was grad- the only minister in Detroit, eitheruated from the Baptist Union Theologi- Catholic or Protestant, who has as yetcal Seminary in Chicago, and in the same'year became pastor of the First Baptist given any evidence of a study of eco-Church of Terre Haute, Indiana. When nomic questions." In 1891 he was thehe left Terre Haute, after nine years' representative of the public on the Arbi­service, the Evening Gazette said: "The tration Committee which settled the greatremoval of Mr. Henderson from Terre Detroit street-car strike. Said MayorHaute is a Ioss so serious to the city as Pingree: "His honest and skillful ad­almost to be in the nature of 'a calam- justment of the differences between theity." strikers and the company put an end inFor the nextten years (1882-1892) he 24 hours to a strain which had threat­was minister of the Lafayette A venue ened to find expression only in riot and(later Woodward Avenue) Church of bloodshed." As concrete evidence of hisDetroit. From this service he consented continued activity in social work, theto come as Recorder and Assistant Pro- following incomplete list of the positionsfessor in Social Science to the new Uni- he has held in various societies may beversity of Chicago. The following year noticed: President National Conferencehis title ,was changed to Associate Pro- of Charities and Correction, 1899; Presi­fessor of Sociology in the Divinity School dent National Prison Association, 1902;and University Chaplain. Chaplain he President National Children's Homeremained till his death; his rank at that Society, 1899-1902; U. S. Commissionertime was, however, Professor and Head International Prison Congress, 1909;of the department of Practical Sociology. President International Prison Congress,While in the Baptist Union Seminary i91O; Secretary Illinois Commission onhe helped in a mission church in the stock Occupational Diseases, 1907; President.yards. In Terre Haute he was active in Chicago Society of Social Hygiene;civic affairs, and in 1882 was instrumen- President United Charities of Chicagotal in starting the Charity Organization since 1913; Chairman Commission forSociety, a new organization at that time Betterment of Unemployed in 1912, and"For the facts in this article the writer is in- again in 1914-15. Dr. Hoben's articledebted to an (unprinted) biog-raphy and estimate of in this .issue of the MAGAZINE discussesDr, Henderson by Mr. Jesse F. Steiner. '168 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IvlAGAZINEbriefly this phase of Dr.· Henderson'swork.His teaching was scholarly, patient andpractical. He never spoke from .hearsayor guess. The founding thirty-three yearsago of the Charity Organization Societyin Terre Haute, of which mention hasbeen made, followed an elaborate papergiving a careful history of charity workin different countries. When he was en­gaged in superintending the building ofa great new church in Detroit, heshowed so much knowledge of detail thatthe N ew York architect inquired curious­ly whether he had not followed the pro­fession of architecture before enteringthe ministry. In 1901, after variousperiods of study spent in Germany, hewas granted the doctorate summa cumlaude by the Universityof Leipzig; histhesis was upon "Economic Problems ofthe Smaller Colleges in Illinois." Hepublished fourteen books, large andsmall, besides one, "Citizens in Indus­try," which has appeared since his death;edited others; wrote more than a hun­dred articles and pamphlets; gave in­numerable addresses; and never set downor uttered a sentence which had not beenthought over, or which depended uponsensation for its value.His illness and death were directly theresultof overwork. He had often over­worked before, but his splendid constitu­tion had always rallied to the support ofhis will. . At length it failed him. Thedeath of no citizen of Chicago of lateyears has apparently so stirred the city.The university memorial service at Man­del on Thursday, April 1, was so crowdedthat hundreds could not find admission.All classes were dismissed for theafternoon. The honorary pallberearswere Harold H. Swift, Professor Me-'chern and Dean Hall of the Law School;Associate Professor Hoben of the Di­vinity School; Professor Thomas of theDepartment of Sociology; and ProfessorCoulter. The active pallbearers wereformer students of Professor Henderson. Professor Burton spoke at the brief serv­ice_ at Oakwoods afterwards. In rec­ognition of the work Professor Hen­derson had done for the dependent'and the unemployed in Chicago, the Chi­cago City Council passed a resolutionin honor of the "tireless worker for thewelfare of the community, whose life wassacrificed by his zeal in an effort to re­lieve unemployment" ; and the mayor ap­pointed as a committee to represent thecity at the funeral services six aldermen,who included among their number Pro­fessor Merriam.The civic meeting in Dr. Henderson'shonor at the Auditorium on Sunday,April 11, was also crowded. GovernorDunne presided, and among others Presi­dent Vincent of Minnesota, Miss JaneAddams and Graham Taylor spoke. Theclass of i915 has decided upon a portraitof Dr. Henderson as its gift to .the Uni­versity. He will not be forgotten. Butno one can fill his place.The article which follows is a steno­graphic report of the remarks of Pro­fessor Albion W. .Srnall at the servicein Mandel on Thursday, April 1, and isreprinted by his courtesy from the Stand­ard of April 10.Charles Richmond Henderson:-The ManAt this hour, in this presence, it seemsincredible that anyone in Chicago canharbor a doubt about the sovereign con­clusiveness of the gospel of Jesus Christ.Here it has been in vital evidence beforeus for more than twenty-two years, andnever more convincingly than in thegallant defeat of the last few months.Judging by the Chicago papers thathave met us on our homeward way, noone in Chicago who can read is n�wuninformed about this evidence. Thisvindication of the gospel of Jesus Christis the more convincing because it is notthe vindication of a sect, or of a creed,or of a system of thinking, any morethan the rays which light temple orCHARLES RICHMOND HENDERSON: THE MANchapel in which we try to worship areproof of �;{?ectarian sun. This Chris­tianity is appropriation of a quality oflife, which may reveal itself to Jew orGreek, to Barbarian, Scythian, bond orfree, wherever candid men are earnestlyseeking clews to the meaning and pur­pose of life as they rest in the infinitemind..Men like Doctor Henderson are proph­ecies of the coming day when all menof good will are to conquer the certaindivisivesness of mere opinion, whileretaining diversities of opinion, and toemerge into a valid unity of spirit forthe triumphs of righteousness.If at any time within the last fiftyyears a genuine seeker after truth hadasked Doctor Henderson.. What is yourplan of life? his reply would have beensome version of the answer: My planof life is to do a Christian man's day'swork each day, wherever the day's as­signment appoints my duty, as manydays as I shall live. I f he had beenpressed for an expansion of that answerhe would have said virtually, as he didsay in so many forms, so many scoresof times in this place: The larger,deeper, truer Christianity is not a sys­tem of doctrines; the doctrines are sim­ply guideposts.. These guides are mor�or less reliable-more or less mistaken;they more or less intelligently pointthe way. The genuine life may be moreor less dependent upon the doctrines,just as the wayfaring may be more orless directed by the signs. Christianityin its essential elements is will, andwit, and force to grow into the temperand the practice of a spirit of life, neverso compendiously epitomized, never soessentially set forth as in Jesus ofNazareth. .'While our friends are with us we donot as a rule analyze them very much;we simply accept them. We count onthem for better or for worse. If forbetter, we depend upon them-often tobear more than their share of the corn- 169rnon burden. When they are gone, weare sometimes surprised by the appraisalof them which our reflective memoryregisters. When we attempt to givean account to ourselves of the val­ues in Doctor Henderson, we are notsurprised, because they were always soevident. We are baffled, however, whenwe attempt to give them appropriateexpression. At a later time our thoughtswill be fixed more directly on what Doc­tor Henderson did, as a professionalman and as a citizen. Today the personalnote is our guide. We are thinking ofthe kind of man he was, and the spiritin which he did all his work, from themany obscure drudgeries to the manyconspicuous public services.The retrospect of more than twenty­two years of close association with Doc­tor Henderson resolves itself into theconclusion that the truest estimate ofhis character may be made in terms ofmagnanimity. If his princeliness as aman were to be certified to coming gen­erations as political princes are desig­nated, we could not mote accuratelycommend him to our successors than asHenderson the Magnanimous. This abun­dance of his mind and heart was hotthe comparatively easy attitude of aPrince Bountiful toward inferiors. Itwas rather a largemindedness and alargeheartedness which took a largesurvey of the scope of things, and ar-ranged himself and other people in re­ciprocally dignifying positions within thewhole circuit.Doctor Henderson's magnanimity was��ative. Long before he had found" aword for it, he had reached that out­look which is referred to in our academicjargon as "the functional view of life."He thought of everything, large or small,material or spiritual, as having its placein a valid scale of values because ofwhatever it does to carry forward theessential scheme of life. He did notprofess to have the complete dimensions,nor the final specifications of that170 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEscheme-though how he used to pleadthat it is necessary to the integrity ofour thinking to assume that mortal lifeis somehow to find its interpretationsand its completions in some sort of im­mortal life! He was sure, however, thata working conception of the right lifewould not be seriously at fault if it took,as the main business of a Christian man,steadfast endeavor to find out how theworld may be made to yield the bestassorted values to the largest number ofpeople, and how the largest number ofpeople may cooperate so that they maymore equitably share the world's com­mon achievements.I f I could trust myself to limit theillustrations, I should venture to recalla long list of the different aspects ofDoctor Henderson's magnanimity. Howconfident he was! His even dispositionand his serene bearing excluded every-think resembling bluster; yet his cheerymanner reminded one of the master ofa good ship in a storm, heartening hispassengers with assurance that it isbetter to be at sea than on shore in agale-"on land one never knows whatmay happen in a blow like this; with agood - ship under you, and plenty of sear00111, if you follow the rules of the seayou're all right." The sea of life had noterrors for Doctor Henderson. He knewhis course; he knew the laws of life;he was observant of them; he was un­disturbed by fears about results.Doctor Henderson's magnanimity waspatient, and tolerant and generous. Thedarling sin of idealists is impatience.The better thing which ought to be seemsso all-important that many men of benev­olent aims are in effect more obstructivethan constructive. Unless they can havewhat they want at once, unless otherpeople will consent to subordinate theirparticular aims to the particular aim ofthis type of reformer, he sulks,· and hefrets, and he very likely arrests moretimely steps in progress than those hewants to take. Doctor Henderson's broad survey of life taught him that readjust­ments of individual or social habits,which might seem to be matters of course,in reality depends upon other readjust­ments in widening circles of relations,and that there would be less visible ra­tionality than there is, either in thephysical or the moral world, if recon­structions were not necessarily slow, Hisidealism, therefore, was an imperative tolabor, but not license to demand instantfruits of his labor. He was never petu­lant. He was an optimist who could wait.Even when other men pushed themselvestowards results which might prejudice hisown plans, he refused to be contentions.He would loyally plead his own cause,and then. calmly and kindly bide his time.He always recognized that other men, al-though their immediate interests mightconflict with his, also had their rights,even if he did not believe they duly rec­ognized his rights.Doctor Henderson's magnanimity wasjust. He was intensely ambitious, yetneither self-depreciation nor self-efface­ment on the one hand, nor self-assertionon the other was a feature of his mag­nanimous humility. He was rather aman of noble and reticent self-respect.His ambition was not that of vanityweakly scheming for undeserved recog­nition. It was that of a workman con­scious of the worth of his work and hisworkmanship, and jealous of the prestigeof both. But his pride of work and work­manship made him equally respectful to­ward the work and the workmanship ofothers. Nor was this judicial regard forhis own and others' merits merely passive.He had a reserve of withering indigna­tion, which no one wise enough to under­stand its temperance would willingly pro­voke. N or were his patience, and histolerance, and his generosity so compro­mising that they would sneak behind si­lence rather than give offense. Ratherwas his magnanimity as rugged as thefrankness of the prophet Nathan declar­ing to David, "Thou art the man I"CHARLES RICHMOND HENDERSON: THE MANYesterday afternoon, as I sat in thetrain trying to select from the manythings which would be appropriate for'this hour the few 'that the time wouldpermit, we passed many teams of threeor four horses abreast dragging the plow.The bits of the horses in one M the teamswere fastened to a cross-bar to keep theanimals from biting each other. Hisyoke-fellows never needed such protec­tion against Doctor Henderson. Hewould not sacrifice his opinions for thesake of peace, but he held them so courte­ously that no one could quarrel with himwithout putting himself in the wrong. 'Doctor Henderson's magnanimity wassacrificial. Not in 'an exceptional dra­matic situation; not in a rare moment ofself-abnegating impulse; genuine life andsacrificial life were to his mind identical.In October last he received a warningabout his health, which would have dis­charged most men from all obligation tofurther avoidable service. At the same'time, the problem of unemployment hadbegun to present itself in more appallingscope than ever before in Chicago. Without counting the cost, he allowed himselfto be impressed for the most responsiblepart of the work of devising means ofrelief. Supported by only four or five.public-spirited citizens, he toiled throughthe winter in the attempt to organizeprivate cooperation adequate to cope withthe distress. The only visible result ofthese labors was the unanimous convic­tion of those who had done the workthat the idea of controlling the conditionsby private organization is utopian; thatthe state must assume the responsibility.This conclusion was incorporated in abill, to be introduced during the' presentsession of the Illinois Legislature, en­titled: An Act to Relieve Unemploymentin the State of Illinois. Only a few daysbefore the apoplectic stroke, after whichhe never recovered consciousness, DoctorHenderson sent to the printer his accountof the experience that culminated in thebill. He had literally fallen in a cam- 171paign to conq-uer standing ground on theearth for men and women out of a job.A moment ago I used the word defeat.For a man of Doctor Henderson's char­acter, however, there is no defeat. Whenhe dies with his face toward the enemyhe dies blazing. the .path to final victory.In his .death, as in his life, DoctorHenderson was consistently publishingthe secret which has been open to everyone with eyes to see since the career ofJesus. The constructive process of thevisible_ world is an economy of' sacrifice.In wealth economy we 'have knownpractically so long as there has beenhuman industry, and we have knowntheoretically for a century and a half thereality called productive consumption.. Today's wheat must be consumed that wemay have tomorrow's. flour. We havehardly followed this elementary economicperception into its most obvious moralduplications. Today's leisure and com­fort must be consumed that we may havetomorrow's supplies. Today's men mustbe consumed in order that tomorrow'smen may be more capable and complete.,Vve have heard that "except a corn ofwheat fall into the, ground and die itabideth alone," but we have treated themoral parallel of this commonplace assentimental pietism. We are familiar,.. with the dictum=-t'He that saveth hislife shall lose it," but we relegate it tothe category of extravagant religiousmysticism. We know the story of thecrucifixion, yet those who do not regardthat sacrifice as a divine device to sub­stitute a miracle for the visible moralprocess treat it as merely one amongmany proofs of the futility of unselfish­ness. Doctor Henderson believed, and hislife professed, that the sacrificial life isthe life that normal men will lead whenhumanity finds itself.This occasion should not be allowed topass without two practical suggestions;first, it is a popular superstition thatneither the church nor the university172 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO 'MAGAZINEcares for the laboring man. Speakingnow of the church in the sense which in­cludes Jewish and Christian congrega­tions, and not of a particular university,but of universities in general, I DoctorHenderson represented both, and he didcare for the laboring man. While neitherchurch nor university can specialize asDoctor Henderson did upon those mem­bers of the community who are least suc­cessful, both church and university arecommitted in principle to the same demo­cratic purposes for which he was eminent.Second : We men and women of. Chi­cago and Illinois who have united in,tributes of respect to Doctor Henderson,will confess judgment against ourselvesif we do not unite to secure the passageof the bill, which embodies the results ofhis most heroic labors. The bill may not be perfect. It represents at all eventsthe most intelligent judgment upon thecauses and necessary means of prevent­-ing unemployment that has yet beenformed, and it deserves the support 'ofall men of good-will.I make no apology for applying wordsconsecrated to the Master whom heserved to Doctor Henderson himself. Iuse them deliberately, first, to imply theinterpretation which the larger church isgradually learning to make, both of thewords themselves and of the persons towhom they primarily apply; second, ,as aliteral appreciation of Doctor Hender­son's life; third, as a prophecy of thelarger Christianity which is one day topossess the earth : He came not to beministered unto} but to minister, and togive his life a ransom for many.Dr. Henderson and Social WorkDr. Henderson's connection with char­itable and reformatory organizations wascharacterized by scope, permanency, con­scientious work and a rare personal qual­ity. The first impression one got fromhis alliance with co-workers in variousfields of reform was that his exhaustless .sympathy impelled him to. join handswith all helpers of humanity regardlessof race or creed. In this respect, he wasquite distinct. from incidental reformerswho, because of class consciousness orrace prejudice or social feud, have an axeto grind. His influence, therefore, wasnot a stream turbulently deepening itscourse between narrow banks but a greatocean regulating and softening theclimate for a vast area. Hence his re­lationships were national and inter­national.Public recognition of the fact that hewas this sort of a great man was re­corded in his election as President of theNational Conference of Charities (1898)and of the National Prison Association(1902). His appointment as Commis- sioner to the International Prison Con­gress (1909) was prelude to. his electionas President of the same body (1910).. The fact that he was a member de laSociete Generale des Prisons is but minortestimony also to this same catholicity ofinterest and recognized ability.The scope of Dr. Henderson's official.relations to reform is also indicated byhis arduous labors as Secretary of theIllinois Commission on Occupational Dis­eases (1907), as President of the ChicagoSociety of Social Hygiene, .as President <,of the United' Charities of Chicago(1913) and as Chairman of Chicago'sCommission on Unemployment (1914).However, those who knew Dr. Hen­derson most intimately in his work willagree that his broad, inexhaustiblesympathy was by no means his solequalification for service as a constructivereformer. There was a permanency ofinterest, deep and intelligent, by virtue ofwhich he was altogether distinct fromthat class of spasmodic "reformers" who,far whatever reason, rush about fromBERLIN IN WART/ME 173one flashy "reform" to another like chil­dren chasing. fireflies. There was withhim that steady 'grasp upon these prob­lems, that laying hold of the stubbornroots of human misery which was alikethe profoundest. form of reason and thehighest form of religious conviction. Hisvery life was for and in such service andhis alliance with the above mentionedorganizations had all the permanency ofhis great life purpose.As might be expected, -this broadsympathy and this permanent dedicationwas validated in hard conscientious work.He was a man whose very presence mighthave greatly aided any good cause with­out strenuous, painstaking endeavor; butsuch a passive support was never for amoment Dr. Henderson's conception ofsocial service. Both in field work andin his study he delved for facts. Heacquired new languages in middle lifeand journeyed far and near for the factsand gave equal heed to method.Those who sat with him in committeework have testified to his diligence in allthe exacting and wearisome detail incharitable relief and social amelioration.Being a scholar he was. still patient and efficient in the practical task and didmuch to bridge the chasm which so oftenexists between those who know and thosewho do. His official connections miti­gated the suspicion which the ultra prac­tical feel toward academic persons andalso rectified in part the aloofness whichso often besets intellectualists. He wasindeed a mediator.But fusing these characteristics intotheir maximum efficie-ncy was a rare andalmost indefinable personal quality. Inall of these organic relationships hewrought enduring bonds of personalfriendship. The perfunctory was un­known to him. He always dealt withfriends.The innumerable committee and boardmeetings were not mere sessions de­void of personal interest, for in thesevery contacts he made hosts of personalfriends whom he held in affectionate re­gard to the very close of his life. Inscores of positions and in every landthere are those who having worked withhim in official relations now experiencea deep personal loss-the passing of aFriend.AL�AN HOBEN.Berlin 10 War-TimeIn February I left Berlin more normalthan it had been since the war broke out.Normality is the keynote of the attitudeof the "Berliner,", at least in so far asthe foreigner is concerned. It is the thingthat he lays greatest stress on. Hepoints to the traffic in the streets-asheavy, apparently, as it ever has been; tothe crowds moving along the sidewalksin the Friedrichstrasse, and waiting atthe Potsdamerplatz crossing; to the jamson the street and underground railwayservice, and asks you whether it is so inother capitals of Europe? He asks youwhether the stores are open in Paris andthe great cities of France and the othercountries-neutral or belligerent-as theyare in Berlin? And then. as the final argument h� points to the great sign pil­lars with their theater advertisements.spread around just as in the days beforethe war: "Do they have theater andopera regularly elsewhere as they arehaving it here?"But in spite of the normality there issomething different-it is not indicated. by the big things-the things that onenotices-it is only apparent from the little.things-e-the things that one observe? afterseveral days. There is a difference, firstand foremost-in the people. The crowdsthat move along Unter den Linden arenot composed of the same elements asthronged there nine months ago. Themen are older; they are moustached andbearded-they are those that have not174 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEyet been called in. The sight of a youngman is unusual, people turn on the streetswhen such a one goes by.. Then, too,there are vast quantities of men who areback from the front, either wounded OJ;on furlough; and also men in uniforms,newly called in, who have not seen serv­ice. One can usually tell these apart;there is a difference of bearing betweenthe two. On the one hand these have beenthrough so much that they have a differ­ent attitude towards things-an attitudethat makes itself felt in their manner,while on the other hand those have notyet faced their guns. And then, too, onesees men in uniform who impose. I rec­ollect on the Friedrichstrasse one after­noon a great white bearded man in a newfield gray uniform, erect and tall; he hada splendid eye. And often one sees offi­cers of magnificent bearing, sometimeswith the Iron Cross, or with other dec­orations won at the front. The old mentoo are proud to wear the Iron Crossesthey won in 1870, and it is interesting towatch young officers straighten up andsalute with a punctiliousness becominga general.Among the women too one sees a dif­ference. Black is the preponderatingcolor; and even those who are not wear­ing it, walk slowly and quietly. Thereis something about the women of Berlin.which intimates that they are in realityfighting as hard and as well as their menwho are away in the-wet of the trenches.Down at the trains I saw them, whenmobilization was first ordered, biddingtheir men "Adieu," and the same pluckytear-swallowing has been the rule sincethose first days. One sees it too whena new regiment marches off to entrain.Down the Linden they come, band play­ing as though they were marching offto parade, roses and flowers stuck in theirguns, and generally the women march­ing beside their husbands and brothers�in the last months often beside theirfathers-singing the marching songswith them. Sometimes the men wouldcarry their babies in their arms till they were forced to part at the station; it wasa curious sight these men singing songshanded down from the days of theNapoleonic wars, their arms about thewaist of a sister or sweetheart, or hold­ing a baby, guns slung over their shoul­ders, and striding along, beneath thegreat banners that sometimes float outover the Linden. Then they vanishthrough the Brandenburger Tor-abovethem the figure of the Victory silhouettedagainst a cold blue sunset sky.But it is at the times of the great vic­tories that there is the greatest excite­ment. After the victory of Metz, whenthe Bavarian Crown Prince broke theFrench offensive in Lorraine finally, Ber­lin nearly lost its head. Then indeed itwas not normal. In the afternoon thecrowd swept down to the royal palaceand cheered until the Empress appearedon the balcony, and later they surged upin front of the Crown Prince's palace andagain called out the Empress and withher the Crown Princess and the Kaiser'sthree grandchildren. There was singing,and more cheering, and the crowd brokeup. That night they reassembled, andwere only dispersed after a police ca p­tain had told them that one victory a daywas enough. They gathered again, andthis time the captain warned them to besti11�that the three princes needed sleep;-they were still and dispersed-aftersinging a lullaby, taken from some pop­ular opera of the time. But such. en­thusiasm did not last long; there wereno more such meetings. When a vic­tory was announced extra sheets givingthe bare statement of the official reportwould be got out and thrown to thecrowds from automobiles as they dashedby. There was spasmodic cheering, ofcourse, and jubilation, official and other­wise, but nothing to equal the first dayswhen it seemed as though the Germansmust enter Paris. And the day after andfor a week, flags were floating fromevery house top and every flagpole inBerlin. It is a fine sight-the sun glanc-ing from the snow 'on the roofs and onTHE DEDICATION OF ROSENWALD HALL 175the streets; and from the icicles that hungfrom the eaves, and the great bannersthat floated gold and black and red andblue-vsorne gay, others plain strips ofcolor, here the eagle of Prussia or thedouble headed eagle ,0'£ Austria, andsometimes the Bavarian blue and whitespangled banner.But these times of excitement comeonly now and then. In between, Berlinis normal with her theater and night lifeas well as her day life. The cafes mustclose at three now-hard rules for thesepeople who used to stay to take theirbreakfast at the same tables at whichthey had sipped their beer or liquor. Butin spite of the early closing, the night"lokals" are filled during- the early partof the evening, and where there are bil­liard tables, there is no want for patron­age. In the theaters plays are runningwhich have to do with the war-in somecases before full houses. Reinhardt isproducing Shakespeare - before fullhouses. The opera is running regularly-but most of the seats are given awayto the wounded who are convalescent.Sometimes, it is sold out-as whenStrauss came to conduct during one week,or when Kirchhof returned from the front to sing in Lohengrin-the Kaiser.present and the elite of the court-suchas are not standing in the trenches inFrance or Russia. And Nikisch con­ducts the Philharmonie just as he usedto do; and Eleanor Gerhardt is thesoloist.But there is the reverse of the medaltoo-over in the Dorotheen strasse atthe "Kriegsakademie." There duringthe night great white posters bearing thelists of the fallen are plastered on thered granite foundation stones; posters,the space before which will be filled be­fore the stores across the way have 'eventaken down their shutters. And up thegray stone steps and through the darkdoors; into the dark room beyond thereis an incessant stream, slow and silent­on the one hand going and on the othercoming. Men go in there with fear intheir eyes and come out again with theexpressions of men who have seen beyondthis life. The women often find relief intears here-soften they are more terriblydry eyed than the men. Within is the"Information Bureau Concerning theFallen" -it is here that one learns theprice of Berlin's normality.HENRY C. A. MEAD, '16.'Four Addresses at the Dedication of Rosen­wald HallSome Matters of HistoryThe Department, of Geology began itsexistence in a cheap apartment buildingon Fifty-fifth street. Our numbers thenwere not large, and by the use of roomsintended for kitchens and pantries andbedrooms, as well as dining-rooms andparlors, we had room enough, such as itwas, for all. But facilities for work werenext to nothing, and laboratories, in anyproper sense of the term, were wanting.During that first year of the Univer­sity, Walker Museum was built, and theDepartment welcomed the opportunity of moving from Fifty-fifth street to the sec­ond floor of the new building. ThoughWalker Museum was not' intended fordepartmental use, it had more and betterroom than the apartment building hadoffered, and it was adapted, by means ofsundry temporary partitions, to the needsof geologic work. For the moment theDepartment was envied by others lessfortunate, and for a time our quartersseemed adequate, even if not well adaptedto the work in hand.But as the University grew the De-176 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpartment grew, and but a few yearspassed before the walls of Walker seemedto close in upon us. I do not know thatit is an established fact that buildingsshrink with years, but Walker Museumseemed to.Then the Department of Geographycame. Being kin to Geology, both in sub­ject-matter and in personnel, it took upits abode in the building which was al­ready f\-111 , and it grew with the years asGeology had grown before it, until itcame about that two large departmentsoccupied the space which had seemedsmall for one.This condition of things led to- all sortsof devices and inconveniences. The hallof the second floor in the building wasrequisitioned for use as part of the work­ing-space of the Departments. Tablesand chairs and map cases cumbered thespace which was meant as a free passageway. Tables were placed among themuseum cases on the first floor which,from the beginning, was reserved formuseum purposes. A corner in the base­ment was partitioned off for certain lab­oratory purposes, and there students haveworked for years in the musty dimnessof an ill-ventilated basement room. Foryears the schedule of work has been de­termined by the limits of classroom space.Classes met, not at the hours most ad­vantageous- to students and Instructors,but, at hours when space could be foundwhere they might meet.With few exceptions members of thestaff have done their work in quarterswhere there was no door between themand anyone who. might choose to invade.Students had to do their studying in aroom which, -from its very' position,could not be quiet; and yet the Depart­ments grew.I recite these facts to make it clearto the donor of this building that it wassorely needed.During the current quarter there arebetween 500 and 600 registrations in thetwo Departments, and what we shouldhave done if Mr. Rosenwald had not come to the rescue, none, of us know. W eshould probably have had to say to someof the applicants for work in Geologyand Geography: We cannot receive you,because there is not a seat for you eitherin the library or in the classrooms. Thehelp, therefore, came none too soon,- andI am sure the donor of this building willappreciate how grateful we are for hisgood deed. In place of one reasonablygood classroom and one poor one, andone ,or two bits of inconvenient spacewhich had to be used for classroom pur­poses, we have now six good classrooms.In place of limited space adapted to lab­oratory purposes as it might be, we havenow half a dozen laboratories adaptedto the- various needs of the work. In­stead of inconvenient and uninclosedoffices and workrooms for members ofthe staff, and no quarters at all for ad­vanced - students, we have workroomsboth for members of the staff and forresearch students, where their work maybe left from hour to hour, or if need be,from day to' day, undisturbed; and it isnot only we who are here who are' grate­ful to Mr. Rosenwald, but generationsafter us will rise up to bless him.And I want also to make another point.We who are here should like to have Mr.Rosenwald and all the University andall friends of the University feel that thework which is to -be done in this build­ing is work which is of value. We hopeit may be such that any man might beproud that he has furnished a home forit. What has been done in the yearswhich are past is perhaps an earnest ofthat which may be done in the future.Even with the trying conditions underwhich work has been done, I think itis true that no other department of ge­ology has had so much attention focusedupon it as this during the last twentyyears. This is due first and foremostto the commanding work of the man whohas been the Head of the Departmentsince the beginning of the University.The large problems on which he has beenworking, and the large measure of suc-THE DEDICATION OF ROSENWALD HALLcess which has crowned his work andthat of those who have collaborated withhim, have commanded the attention ofthe geologic world. Few pieces of scien­tific research since this University wasfounded have attracted wider attentionor commanded greater admiration, notonly because of their fundamental im­portance, but because of the spirit inwhich they have been carried out andthe modest way in which they have beenpublished. It has been said by others,and I think truly, that this work formsthe basis for a new science of Geology.How true this is perhaps only geologistscan appreciate.Important studies in the way of apply­ing the new conceptions of the origin ofthe earth to its history are now in prog­ress, and who shall say but that the workof the, future along these lines will- notbe as important as that which -has beendone already?In other lines, too, there are on thestaff of the Department serious studentswho are advancing their, several lines ofstudy in ways which are sure to. produceworthy results even though they be ·lessrevolutionary than those I have referredto.As to the Department of Geography,it may be said that its subject-matter isjust coming to be recognized in this coun­try as appropriate for university consid­eration, and this is one of the few Amer­ican universities in which geographicwork is prosecuted seriously, Thoughbut a few years old, the Department al­ready is one of the larger of the ScienceDepartments of the institution. By com­mon consent, Geography (as distinctfrom physical geography) is the sciencewhich deals with the relations ofphysical environment to life and its ac­tivities. In this sense, geography is aconnecting link between geology, physi­ography, and climatology, on the onehand, and zoology, botany, sociology, eco­nomics, and history on the other. Itssubj ect-matter is in process of formula­tion, and the Department has been de- 177veloped with the idea that the correla­tion and systematization of existingknow ledge in this field is the first stepin real progress. Something has beendone here in this direction, and work inprogress will do much more. The De­partment will not be' satisfied until exist­ing knowledge in many fields now scat­tered and undefined is brought together,digested, and put into form available forgeneral use.Members of the staff are at work onproblems of fundamental importance andlarge significance. One of these is theinfluence of physical geography on his­tory. In-this large field 0 f historicalgeography advanced work here has beenundertaken only with reference to theUnited States. The importance of suchwork in the interpretation of history, andin the light it may shed on the courseof future events will be grasped at once­by those familiar with historical prob­lems.Such problems as the conservation ofnatural resources also fall within the fieldof the Department, and studies in thisline are in progress, which it is hoped,may in time contribute to a mode ofdealing with this problem saner than thatwhich was adopted precipitately by manyof those who dealt with the matter in apublic way when its importance first wasrealized.The whole field of world commercelikewise falls within the scope of geog­raphy, jointly with that of ecoriomics.In these days of keen commercial rivalrybetween nations, this is a subject whichcannot be understood too well, and afirm grasp of the facts and principles in­volved is of much more vital importanceto people of this age and generation thana knowledge of ancient events unrelatedto the' conditions and problems of thepresent. Since we live in the presentand are to live in the future, knowledgeof present resources and conditions, andof their bearing on the life and activitiesof the future, is vital to the welfare ofmankind.178 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAnd .this makes it important to knowas well as "{lYe may the whole earth, formore and more its parts are to be de­pendent on one another. The Departmentwill not be content until it has on itsstaff men who have first-hand and de­tailed knowledge of all lands. Todaywe have special students of the Americasand of Europe, but not of other conti­nents.These are but hints of the work whichis in progress under this new roof. Wehope it may appeal to our friends aswork worthy of the building which hasbeen provided for it.ROLLIN D. SALISBURY.The Earth Sciences andEducationTo one who was a student in WalkerMuseum it is gratifying to be able tojoin in this celebration, with the assur­ance that the Earth Science Departmentsare at last to be provided with adequatespace and facilities for their work. Icongratulate them most heartily, not onlyon my own account, but also on behalfof my colleagues at Madison.In some instances a building con­structed for a university may, throughthe inactivity ,of the staff or through atro­phy of interest, come to be but little morethan a monument to the memory of amore illustrious past. The building wededicate today is not destined to be amonument in that sense. It is on thecontrary to be a work-shop in whichgood things will be achieved. Of thatwe may be confident, for we have thepromise of this future achievement inthe splendid work that has been accom­plished by the Departments in the twen­ty years or more during which the oldbuilding has vainly done its best to servethe purposes of classroom, museum andlaboratory.Since the very founding of this in­stitution one of its guiding principleshas been that a. university consists pri- rnar ily of its faculty and its students,rather than of its buildings and theirequipment. And in the early days whenit was necessary to provide so much in ashort time, it was the personnel of thestaff that received first consideration.The men who were invited here to or­ganize the Earth Science Departmentscertainly did not have the facilities thenpossessed by some other institutions, butthey had what was far more important­a clear view of the essentials in both in­structional work and research. As a re­sult they have set a high standard in boththese phases of university education andhave consistently maintained it. Underthe guidance of these men the studenthas been led to make his own observa­tions in the field and the laboratory andto reason out for himself their mean­ings. He has been compelled to thinkrather than simply to memorize. He hasbeen shown the value of a fertile imag­ination in the pursuit of his scientificinquiries. At the same time he has notbeen allowed to forget that imagination,like fire, may be as dangerous as it isuseful, unless rigorously controlled by asound and conscientious judgment thatshall compel him to weigh his evidencefairly and discard all explanations thatcan not successfully withstand the testof the facts.The average student comes into hisgeology course with preconceived ideasabout the relative importance of the hu­man race in the living world, or 0 f thisearth as compared with other celestialbodies. In studying geology his sense ofthe proportions of things undergoes aprofound change, as he begins to under­stand even dimly the immense lapse ofgeologic time, the vast changes made bythe slow but inexorable process of ero­sion, the tremendous power of thoseforces which down below the surfacehave sometimes deformed the hardestrocks as easily as clay is moulded in thehand. Such concepts as these help himto understand his own relative positionin the general scheme of nature-all theTHE DEDICATION OF ROSENWALD HALL 179more when he has become familiar withthe march at evolution among living be­ings through the.long ages preceding thepresent. The features of the earth thenarray themselves for him as the reason­able products of a long. and- illuminatinghistory. Here in Rosenwald Hall the fu­ture student of the Earth Sciences willbegin to understand something of thewondrous physical environment in whichhis life is cast. Even a partial realiza­tion of his actual relation to that environ­ment and the laws that govern it is oneof the most effective checks' against adistorted and bigoted view of life.ELIOT BLACKWELDER) '01.The Earth Sciences andGovernmentI was asked to give my remarks thedirection of the Earth Sciences and Gov­ernment, having in mind national andstate government, not only at home butabroad, and it occurs to me in the firstplace that the earth sciences in the earlydays were fragmentary speculations ofphilosophers or other individuals. Whatcenturies of mythology, what generationsof thinkers, what a mass of inquiry andanalysis, of deduction and groping error,before any of the earth sciences tookform and contributed quantitatively tothe welfare of society!Today on the other hand every en­lightened government supports stablebureaus of departments and lends aid toresearch expeditions in a variety of earthsciences; geodesy, meteorology, seismol­ogy, geo-physics, hydrology, soil investi­gations. All of these specialties S9 faras they involve the history of the earth,are a part of geology; and they con­tribute to geography, especially when thebiological and anthropological factors areemphasized.Geodesy, the science of earth form anddimensions, became a possibility whenAristotle demonstrated the shape of the earth, 300 years before Christ .. Govern­ments became _ interested in practical car­tography or old-fashioned geographywhen the motive was to explore or dis­cover new lands and trade routes, or tomark boundaries between political units.In France the accurate measurement ofthe meridian arc gave the governmentmeter as a unit of measure.Official recognition of meteorology wasgiven in 1653, when Ferdinand II ofTuscany established a system of stationscovering northern Italy. Today all ofour great governments cooperate in thestudy of meteorological problems, prepar­ing each day a meteorological map of theentire northern hemisphere. They makesimultaneous observations. contributingnot only to forecasts but to the. purescience itself.Disregarding geo-physics, hydrology,and soil studies because of the lack oftime, let us consider the evolution ofgeology under official auspices in theUnited States. .The first State Survey established wasthat of Massachusetts in 1830. Duringthe decade fifteen were organized. Finan­cial or legislative difficulties at first gavea high rate of mortality and most of theSurveys lasted only two to four years.The Federal Government at the sametime recognized the importance of geo­logical surveys in 1834-35, and in 1839authorized David D� Owen as govern­ment geologist to. survey the minerallands of Iowa, Wisconsin and Illinois.During the next decade, 1840-49, threenew state surveys, the Smithsonian In­stitution and the Canadian Survey werecreated. Similarly between 1850-59 sixsurveys were revived and eight new sur­veys established, including those in Wis­consin and Illinois. Also the FederalGovernment made surveys along the pro­posed Pacific Railways.This sort of development of official in­vestigation by the states and the. U. S.Government was interrupted by the war,but during the decade 1870-79 was ex-180 THE UNIVERSI.TY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEpanded in surveys of the territories, of for practical achievement and sounderthe 40th parallel, of the Grand Canyon, SCIence.and of the 100th meridian. Then in 1879the U. S. Geological Survey was created.It stands today without an equal in theworld for scope of work and financialsupport.There are also today thirty-three ac- It is a sincere and peculiar pleasure totive State Surveys. Consideration of me to be present at the dedication ofofficial work may well include Federal this magnificent plant for the work ofand State work together, since the aims geology and geography at this University.and the methods are much the same. At Those who move into this building maythe end of 1914, over forty per cent of soon forget the crowded conditions whichthe country had been topographically sur- they have so long enjoyed, but those ofveyed, and approximately a like amount us who were brought up under thosehad been geologically surveyed in some conditions will always remember them.detail, Practically all had been" cov- We wiII always remember the remark­ered at least by reconnaissance sur- able growth of the departments, until theveys. In 1914, 165 topographers were overflow classes were held in corners ofemployed in the survey of 25,000 square the exhibit room of the Museum, whenmiles; 160 geologists were engaged in students were assigned places in the hallsfull-time work and covered more than or on the stairways where they might75,000 square miles; 1,400 stream-gaging study when the little alcoves off thestation� were maintai�ed; and the total .. library were all that the members of theexpenditures of public funds exceeded staff had for private offices. But with$2,000,000.. that very congested condition there wasIt is true that governmental work is necessarily a close contact with our in­largely a quantitative application of the structors and with our classmates, andearth sciences, yet who can measure the in that association there was much ofreaction of this routine work on the real educational value. I trust that in thissciences themselves? Beyond question the building there may be nothing lost of thatdevelopment of the sciences during the personal contact of the students withpast fifty years has gone hand in hand their instructors, for in that the studentswith government work and has largely of the University of Chicago are pecul-depended on it. iarly fortunate.In this work during recent years have In these departments we have had anbeen engaged many graduates of the Uni- opportunity to study with the Dean ofversity of Chicago. When I went to the American Geology, "with the man toU. S. Geological Survey eleven years ago whom the entire world looks for the mostonly two Chicago men were in the work. profound philosophy of geology. He hasToday I understand the University has been an inspiration to each one of us,furnished more men than any other one and given to each of us the responsibilityinstitution. Similarly, with the work of of carrying on and encouraging through­the States, nine men out of thirty-three out our lives the true spirit of scientificwho are officially in charge, did all or research. In these departments we havepart of their preparatory work within the worked under the most remarkable in­walls of Walker. The influence of this structor in geology and geography infaculty and its graduates has been pro- America. In the classroom, in the lab­foundly felt, but we loyally trust that the oratory, and in the field, that instructionnew facilities will enlarge the work was a vigorous, careful" and thoughtfuland make the influence even stronger training in thinking. In the openingFRANK' W. DE WOLF) '03.The Earth Sciences andCultureGENERAL UNIVERSITY NEWScourses we were permitted to think, ledto realizesthat perhaps we could think,and not be entirely dependent upon theprinted page. If we wished to go on inthe department we were - required tothink, we were even forced to think.There was always held before us the idealof intellectual independence. There wasalways a training in the scientific method.The effects of this remarkable instruc­tion are now being felt in hundreds of in­stitutions in this country.Throughout the work of these depart­ments there has been a common interestamong all members of the staff in so� presenting the study of the EarthSciences that each student should appre­ciate the broad, cultural value in thiswork. Here the students found the ap­plication of the various physical sciences,and in the growth of the department ofgeography, the union of all sciences inman's effort to understand the environ­mental conditions in the great physio­graphic provinces of the earth. Here theearth is studied as the enduring home ofthe occupations of man, the source ofall man's food, his continual shelter andprotection, and the 'source of the raw ma­terial of an his activities,"It is through occupations determinedbv this environment that mankind hasmade its historical and political prog­ress."*Through these studies the studentsmay expect to appreciate the great phys­ical and climatic differences in the vari­ous parts of the earth, the distribution of*John Dewey, School and Society. 1,8,1plant and animal life, of all natural re­sources, and, in the end, appreciate thegreat common interest all peoples havein the peaceful and appropriate use of thelands and waters of the earth, and in thebest use of all resources upon or beneaththe surface leading to the conservationof human life and human energy, andthe general betterment of mankind.I congratulate my former instructors,those from whom I received an inspira­tion to go into scientific work as a pro­fession, and I congratulate my colleaguesin these departments, on the magnificentplant which they now enjoy. No de­partment in this country better deservessuch appointments. I am also especiallypleased that this hall should bear thename of Julius Rosenwald, for no man inChicago has shown a more generous andworld-wide interest in the' welfare ofmankind; and in the broad, cultural valuein the teachings of the Earth Sciences,in the value of these studies in the in­dustrial development of the world, Mr.Rosenwald will find greater satisfactionthan in. anything we may now say. Hehas done a great thing for our- University,and the appreciation of thousands andthousands of students will come to himdirectly or indirectly as years pass.It is a great pleasure also to us, asmembers of the alumni, to have thisbuilding dedicated during the present ad­ministration of the University, and thusbe added to that remarkable series ofachievements which are characterizingthe work of President Judson.WALLACE W. ATWOOD} '97.GENERAL UNIVERSITY NEWSJulius Rosenwald Hall was dedicatedat half-past ten on Tuesday morning,March 16. Before an audience which in-·eluded the donor and his family as wellas representatives of the science facultiesand students of the Departments of Geol- ogy and Geography, short addresses weregiven by President Judson, Dean Salis­bury, seven of the alumni of the depart­ments concerned, and Professor Cham­berlin. At the conclusion of these exer­cises President and Mrs -Harry Pratt182 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEJudson entertained one hundred guests atluncheon in the council-room on the topfloor of the hall. Owing to PresidentJudson's illness, Dean Angell presentedMr. Rosenwald, Mr. Wallace Heckman,of the Board of Trustees, and ProfessorJohn M. Coulter of the scientific facul­ties, who made brief speeches. The build­ing was open for inspection, members ofthe department escorting visitors and ex­hibiting the features of the hall.The annual Educational Conferenceat the University of Chicago of the acad­emies and high schools in relation withthe University was held April 16. Thisis the twenty-seventh conference of asimilar character and is expected to haveespecial interest and significance to edu­cators.At the general session on Friday after­noon in" Leon Mandel Assembly Hall thespeakers were Dr. Arthur E. Bostwick,Librarian of the St. Louis Public Library,and Matthew S. Dudgeon, Secretary ofthe Wisconsin Free Library Commission.On the same afternoon took place thewritten examination of contestants forthe prizes in American History, Botany,English, French, German, Latin, Mathe­matics, and Physics.Following the general session the De­partmental Conferences were held, in­cluding those on Art, Biology, Commer­cial Education, Earth Science, English,French, Greek, and Latin, History, Home·Economics, Manual Arts, Mathematics,Physics, and Chemistry, Physical Educa­tion, and Public Speaking.The general subject of the Departmen­tal Conferences was "The Relation of theOrganized Library to the School."At the supper and conference for ad­ministrative officers topics for discussionwere presented with reference to collegec.redits, by Dean Angell, and PrincipalFranklin W. Johnson, of the UniversityHigh School.The conference ended its sessions withthe annual contest in Public Speaking, held in Leon Mandel Assembly Hall 'at 8.Announcement has been made of thefaculty and courses for the coming Sum­mer Quarter. More than two hundredand seventy members of the Universityfaculty and of the faculties of other in­stitutions will give instruction during thisquarter, which begins on June 21 andends September 3. Five hundred coursesare offered. To meet the demand forinstruction in the history and practice ofeducation more than one hundred coursesare offered along these lines. The Col­lege of Commerce and Administrationpresents its work for the Summer Quar­ter in two groups, the Trade and IndustryDivision, where the courses are arrangedwith reference to the needs of those whoexpect to engage in accountancy, bank­ing, foreign trade, and insurance; and thePhilanthropic Service Division, for thoseexpecting to serve in charitable organiza­tions, settlement work, child-welfareagencies, and social research. As part ofthe summer work in this College numer­.ous inspection visits under competentguidance will be made to various indus­trial plants and philanthropic institutionsof the city, which offers a wide variety oftypical social conditions.Among the courses for the first timeoffered in the Summer Quarter are thosein Russian, one course being on the politi­cal and social institutions of Russia andthe others being elementary and inter­mediate courses in the language i tsel f.Sixty members of the summer facultyrepresent other institutions, which includeJohns Hopkins University, the College ofthe City of New York, the University ofMichigan, the University of Texas, theUniversity of Wisconsin, George Pea­body College of Teachers, 'the Universityof Illinois, Amherst College, the Univer­sity of California, the University ofMinnesota, the University of Missouri,the University of Manitoba, and HarvardUniversity.THE LETTER-BOXDean Shailer Mathews, of the DivinitySchool, has returned from his mission toT apan in the interest of cordial interna­tional relations. -He has already spokenon the results of his mission before theChicago Association of Commerce, theUniversity Club of Chicago, the Quad­rangle Club of the .University, and theBaptist Social Union of Chicago.Director Judd, of the School of Educa­tion, was one of the speakers during thefirst week in April at the University ofMinnesota, where the state department ofeducation in co-operation with the collegeof education conducts a short course forthe city and .county superintendents andgrade school principals of Minnesota.Director judd also spoke before the In­land Empire Teachers' Association at itsmeeting in Spokane, Washington, fromApril 14 to 16.The list of University Preachers is forthe month of April as follows:Dr. John Ellington White, of theSecond Baptist Church in. Atlanta,Georgia, April 4 and 11; Rev. Harry E.Fosdick, of the First Baptist Church inMontclair, New Jersey, April 18 ; BishopCharles P. Anderson, of Chicago, April25.THE LETTER BOXHonolulu, Hawaii, March 10, 1915.To the Editor:The visit in Honolulu of Dean ShailerMathews and Dr. S. L. Gulick on their"mission of' good will" to Japan was ofsuch great interest and importance to thewhole territory of Hawaii that no attemptcould be made by the Chicago men-. hereto monopolize any of the time of DeanMathews. How intense this interest iscan be guessed when it is understoodthat although this is United States soil,being a fully organized territory of theUnion (the only one now remaining),yet forty per cent of the total populationconsists of Japanese. They outrank all 183other races here in point of numbers.The attention of all classes was there­fore drawn to the visits of these two"emissaries of good will." At their stopon the outward journey they were givena short dinner at the University Club towhich we drew as many Chicago men aswe could get together in the short noticegiven, together with a good number ofJapanese students and other prominentmen. This was followed immediately bya large mass meeting in Central Unionchurch of both whites and Orientals,eager to' hear these two men speak onthe mission and problem before them.When they passed this way on the re­turn journey, March 9th, the date wasknown in advance and a large dinner aithe University Club was arranged byRev. Doremus Scudder and other churchleaders who are intimately associatedwith the "Japanese problem." This wasattended by seventy of the leading 'menof all nationalities here, all eager to hearthe report of these two church emissariesto Japan.' Dr. Mathews reviewed thecordial attitude of Japan toward theirmission, Dr. Gulick is to make his re­ports more extendedly at Sunday servicesin Central Union .church. (See news-­paper reports herewith.)It is appropriate to note in this con­nection that the "Japanese problem," asunderstood in California, does not existin Hawaii. Though there live here twiceas many Japanese as in all the rest ofthe United States put together, their re­lations are most harmonious and theyform one' of the most sober, frugal andindustrious elements of our picturesqueand polyglot population.I' desire also to reiterate what I havesaid before in the Magazine and to -thealumni secretaries, that it is most desir­able from all standpoints that, facultymembers visiting or passing through nHonolulu should let us know, that we inour insulated position may meet withthem and receive new inspiration fromthe Centre of Education.S. D. BARNES, '94.184 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZL.VEALUMNI AFFAIRSThe Annual Business Meeting of theChicago Alumni Club will be held at theUniversity Club, 76 East Monroe street,at six o'clock, Thursday evening, April29th. Dinner will be served at $2.00 perplate. Aside from the election 'of officersfor the ensuing year there are severalitems of interest to all Chicago men tobe presented.i [he C1\1b will vote 'on the adoption ofa Constitution and By-laws. A committeecomposed of Donald Trumbull,. E. E.Quantrell and C. F. Axelson has pre­pared a copy which it will recommendfor adoption. This provides for an exec­utive committee of seven members toregulate all activities of the Club. Thereis a wide difference of opinion as to theamount of the annual dues to be charged,the minimum favored being $2.00, whileseveral members think they should be$10.00. All are agreed that dues in theClub shall also include membership inthe Collegiate Alumni Association and asubscription to the University of Chi­cago Magazine. It is proposed to makethe magazine the official publication ofthe Club.A committee composed of Hugo M.Friend, Fred C. Moloney and Rudy D.Matthews will present its recommenda­tions to the Club as to organized activ­ity with the purpose of inducing athletesof first rank to enter the University ofChicago.Samuel S. MacClintock as chairman ofa special committee of the CollegiateAlumni Association will report on in­vestigations regarding the possibilities ofsubstantial aid to the University by thealumni, either in the form of a buildingto be donated by the alumni, or the es­tablishment of a loan fund, or some othereffort fostered entirely by the alumni.This committee bas made a thoroughstudy of conditions in American univer­sities and the" report is very interestingand instructive. The retiring officers are George R.Schaeffer, President; Ernest J. Stevens,Vice-president, and C. F. Axelson, Sec­retary - treasurer.All men in Chicago and vicinity whohave attended the University are welcometo attend this meeting and express theiropinions. Reservations should be madewith the Secretary at 900 The Rookery,Chicago (Telephone Wabash 1800).The Chicago Alumnae Club had a"shopping luncheon" March 6 at theChicago College Club. On Saturday,April 10, a luncheon was held at theCollege Club and afterwards the annualbusiness meeting at which the followingofficers were elected:President, Miss Jessie Heckman, '10.Secretary, Miss Margaret Rhodes, '14.Directors, Mrs. Ethel Remick Mc-Dowell, '02, and Miss Mary Phister '11.The Association of Students of theOld University of Chicago held" its an­nual reunion and Washington supper atthe Hyde Park Hotel on the evening ofFebruary 20.Prof. Lewis Stuart of the old faculty,Dr. T. W. Goodspeed, Rev. James Good­man and Judges C. C. Kohlsaat and F.A. Smith, all of the classes of the early'60s, were the guests of honor.Prof. Charles R. Henderson, class of'70, presided and introduced a very pleas­ing diversion in the after dinner speak­ing by calling upon every old studentpresent for just a word reminiscent ofthe old days. This feature added a spiritof good fellowship to the occasion, andit is a happy memory to those presentthat the beloved Professor, always loyalto the old University, should make almosthis last public appearance with the,friends of his college years.Others present at the supper were:Mr. and Mrs. E. A. Buzzell, Mr. andMrs. J. E. Cornell, Mr. and Mrs. J. M.ALUMNI AFFAIRS 185Doud, Mr. and Mrs. J. P: Gardner, Mr.and' Mrs�'f·;Geo. F. Holloway, Mr. andMrs. D. J. Lingle, Mr. and Mrs. A. J.Lichtstern, Mr. and Mrs. S. O. Levinson,Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Marsh, Mr. and Mrs.M. H. McGregor, Mr. and Mrs. A. E.Mabie, Mr. and Mrs. Max S. Sickle, Mr.and Mrs. W. A. Shaw, Mr. and Mrs.George W. Walsh; Mrs. »: L. Burnap;Misses Lydia A. Dexter, ElizabethFaulkner, Florence Holbrook, Myra Pol­lard, Grace Reed, Fannie R. Smith, IdaA. Smith, Augusta Stuart, FlorenceStewart, Julia Tolman Walsh; Dr. J. E.Rhodes; Messrs. Eli H. Doud, John C.Everett, Howard Goodman, Herbert E.Goodman, John C. Hopkins, James Lang­land, Henry C. Morris, Wandell Top­ping, J. P. Topping, Harry W. Thayer,F. J. Walsh.The Reunion Committee of the Classof 1914 have set the dates for their An­nual Reunion this June and have rriadetentative plans for those days. The cele­bration will begin Thursday the "l Oth ofJune and end Sunday the 13th.Their annual potpie dinner-so longfamous in Undergraduate Spring Picnics-will be opened in the Alpha Delta Phiback yard about 6 p. m. on Thursday the10th as an intermission for indoor base­ball, campus gossip and general goodtimes. The party might end with acampus sing, such as we had on the pierin Jackson Park last year.Friday the eleventh is the evening ofthe University and Fraternity sing. Ifplans go through 1914 will add jest andenjoyment to an evening replete withsong and cheer. More later about this,also more confidential.On Saturday evening the men will havea dinner, probably down town, and thewomen will have a party for themselveson the same evening.A few of those still above the groundmight talk it all over Sunday afternoonat one of the class's well rememberedteas with some of our Faculty friends present, if they would not be too awedby our recently acquired title of alumnusor alumna.And somewhere in this galaxy of funwe must run in a short business sessionto plan for the future; just when, thecommittee does not know as yet.Definite announcements will soon goout to the 450 members and ex-membersof the class, asking for attendance andchange of address for our Triennial inJune, 1917.RUDY D. MATTHEWS) '14.The following former students of theUniversity are now in Honolulu, Ha­waiian Islands: S. D. Barnes, B. S., '94(as '95) ; Rev. A. A. Ebersole, '99; H. B.Campbell, ex-'98; Harmon E. Hendrick;Mrs. H. E. (Brown) Hendrick; R. L.Halsey, B. D., '83 (Morgan Park), in­spector in charge U. S. Immigration Sta­tion; Riley H. Allen, '04, editor Star­Bulletin; Mrs. Clinton G. (Sort) Owen,B. E., '02; H. R Jordan, Ph. B., '07;Miss Mary Lawrence, special in '08;Miss Claire H. N eake, special in '09;Fred J. H. Schnack, J. D., - '10; 1. N.Stainback, J. D., '12, attorney-general ofterritory of Hawaii; Nat!. Pfeffer, Ph.B., '11, with Star-Bulletin; Wilbur Rog­ers, B. S., '08, First Lieutenant FirstField Artillery, U. S. A., Schoffield Bar­racks.C. M. Steele, S. B., '04, who was inHonolulu on his honeymoon, attended thedinner to Dr. Shailer Mathews onMarch 9.Mrs. William W. Peter (Eleanor E.Whipple, '07) writes as follows fromShanghai:"The first Rush Alumni Association inthe Orient was formed in Shanghai Feb­ruary 4th, 1915, with Francis F. Tucker,Rush, '02, president, and W. W. Peter,Rush, '10, secretary. Of the twenty-oneRush graduates in China, only six werepresent and two of these were fromShanghai. It may be thought that thisis an exceedingly small number, but theRush men in China are scattered over186 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwide areas. The four who came totaleda mileage for the round trip of 8,310miles. One of them spent three days on"donkey back," one day by mule cart, oneday in a freight car and three days on aregular passenger train in coming toShanghai.The occasion of these men getting to­gether was the Biennial Conference ofthe China Medical Missionary Associa­tion. The meeting was held at the homeof H. E. Eggers, Rush, '09, professor ofbacteriology and pathology in the Har­vard Medical School of China. Therewere present from" out of town:Fred J. Wampler, Chicago Ex., '10,Rush '13, of Ping-ting-chow, Shansi,four days and 2,150 miles from Shanghai.O. G. Brubaker, Chicago, Ex. '02,Rush '13, of Liao chow, Shansi, eightdays and 2,540 miles from Shanghai.W. A. Hemingway, Rush, of Tai kuhsien, Shansi, five days and 2,380 milesfrom Shanghai.F. F. Tucker, Rush, to Teh chow,Shantung, two days and 1,240 miles fromShanghai.So far as known, there are more Rushmen in China than from any other medi­cal school in America.=», W. PETE�,"(Per E. W. P.)"News of the Classes1888E. M. Stephenson will give the fifthseries of bible school lectures at theCrozer Theological Seminary during thespring term. .1895Frederic W. Sanders has just finisheda series of articles in the Boston maga­zine, "Education," under the general title"The Organization of Education." It isprobable that the articles will be pub­lished in book form. It is now knownthat Religio Docioris, published anony- .mously a year ago (a: volume of ethicaland philosophical essays addre�sed to theevery-day man, not to the specialist) to which President G. Stanley Hall con­tributed an introduction, is the work ofDr. Sanders. Dr. Sanders is presidentof the Southern California Social ScienceAssociation, dean of the Junior Collegeconnected with Hollywood High School(Los Angeles) and head of the depart­ment of social science and history. Hehas just been offered a nomination to theCommittee of Freeholders to draft a newcharter for the city of Los Angeles.1899Charles Klauber, '99, is connected withthe staff of the Musical Courier Extra,published by the Musical Courier Com­pany, 437 Fifth avenue, New York City!Mrs. Klauber was Eleanor Freund, Ex.,'11.Ray R. Boruff was a member of- theHouse of Representatives in the recentsession of the Indiana General Assembly,1902"The Natural- Law," a drama byCharles Sumner (Hayes), is now beinggiven at the Cort Theater of Boston. Thefirst performance was given in Hartford,Conn., on March 15.1907Rolvix Harlan went as president toSioux Falls College, Sioux Falls, S. D.,on February 1. A general college recep­tion was given for him on February 4;on February 12 the Commercial Clubgave a dinner in his honor which almost200 attended, the largest number everassembled in Sioux Falls on a similaroccasion. A public recital by the depart­ment of music and expression of the col­lege followed by a second reception oc­curred on February 15.Dr. Harlan received the A. B. fromColumbian College, Washington, D. c.,in 1899, and M. A. in 1901. Later heattended the University of Chicago, re­ceiving his B. D. in 1902 and his doctor­ate in Church History in 1907� As a grad­uate student, he played one year onthe football team. From' ministerialwork Dr. Harlan went in 1909 to OttawaUniversity, Ottawa, Kansas, as profes­sor of History and Economics, and later,NEWS OF THE CLASSESafter a short return to the University, asprofessor o'fi Biblical Literature and dean.His wife was Margaret Wade, '03.Eva Jessup is teaching commercial sub­j ects, in the Lincoln High School in LosAngeles. She will teach business Englishat the University of California summerschool,1900C R. Zahniser, B. D., has been leadingthe efforts in Pittsburgh to clean up thepolice courts and secure the appointmentof a public proesecutor. The PittsburghBar Association has supported a bill tothis end in the Pennsylvania legislature,but the opposition, from certain interestshas been very bitter.1909Mrs. Arthur Gleason (Helen Hayes),Ex. '09, was with her husband in Francewhen -the European war started. Shejoined the Red Cross force of nurses andhas been highly commended for sympathyand bravery in caring for the sick andwounded soldiers at the front. She hasbeen decorated by the King of Belgiumas well as honored by the Queen for herwork.1910Helen S. Hughes, '10, and Annette B.Hopkins, Ph. D. '12, have edited andGinn & Co. have published "The NovelBefore the 19th Century," a collection ofexcerpts chronologically arranged, begin­ning with Malory and ending with JaneAusten. A brief historical introductionand a selected bibliography of the novelarranged according to periods accompanythe text. Miss Hopkins is Associate Pro­fessor of English in Goucher College,Baltimore; Miss Hughes was last yearinstructor in English at Wellesley, butresigned to. take up further graduatestudy at Chicago. IGlen W. Waters, '10, has been electeda member of the South Dakota StateSenate.1911H. R. Baukhage has been a representa­tive of the Associated Press in Wash- 187ington, D. c., since his return in theautumn from Europe. Early in April hespent some time in Chicago visiting R.V. Titus and other members of DeltaUpsilon.1911Leonard G. Donnelly is with the Carib­bean Petroleum Company at Maracaibo,Venezuela.N at Pfeffer writes from Honolulu,whither he has just gone as assistant cityeditor on the Star-Bulletin. The letter istoo delightfully personal to give in full,alas! (it was not written for publication)but brief extracts may please."At the place where I have been stay­ing, out here in the middle of the Pacific,far, far from the dear old college wallsand all that, there are living three Uni­versity of Chicago men. All have driftedout here at different times and all un­beknownst to each other have come to thesame hotel to live. They are AmosAbram Ebersole, '99, assistant pastor ofthe Central Union church; Herbert S.Walker, '01, professor in the College ofHawaii, and myself, a worker of sortson the Honolulu Star-Bulletin. To thealumni mind that will be the height ofromance."Tell your readers if you will that fivethousand miles from the 'C' bench, sittingon the soft strand of Waikiki, lulled bythe sobbing waves of the Pacific under atropical moon, three loyal sons are sing­ing the songs of old Chicago, exchangingtender memories of the days spent in itssheltering bosom, and wiping, perhaps, afurtive tear from eyes that well atthoughts of the dear old college halls faraway. Tell them that if you will. Butknow for yourself that as a matter offact, although two of them were in col­lege at the same time, they never kneweach other and don't know each other yetand probably don't give a damn. Nor dowe get together and, linking arms, ten­derly, reminiscently murmur 'Bow wow,bow wow, bow wow, wow wow, Chicago,Chicago, etc., * * *"You may be interested to know what188 THE UNIVERSI.TY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEsort of a place Honolulu is. Speaking inno Chamber of Commerce manner at allI can say it really is a fascinating place.They call it 'The Paradise of the Pacific.'They are not so far wrong. It is very,very beautiful; all that one dreams of asa tropical island. More than that is theappeal of its picturesque population.There are here mainly Japanese, Chinese,Hawaiians and Americans. I find theJapanese, Chinese and Hawaiians inter­esting. The flux of races, civilizations,and centuries strikes you in its dramaticcontrast so that you tingle. Your J ap­anese in his kimono plays pool andsmokes a cigar. Your Hawaiian dancesthe tango .. Your Chinese woman in hervivid-colored coat and trousers - goes tothe movies and her daughter in brokenEnglish spoofs her young man over thetelephone with lame Broadway slang. Ihave seen a Japanese roll a cigarette withBull Durham and lay it on a stone whilehe washed his hands in the sacred waterof one of their outdoor temples, and didhis worship to the idol. * * *"1914Gertrude Wight is instructor in do­mestic science in Sioux Falls College,Sioux Falls, S. D.1915Annie Eustace has been engaged toteach at Waterman Hall, Sycamore, Ill.,for the coming year.MarriagesAlga Anderson, '08, to John ErnestVelde, on July 9. Mr. Velde is secretary­treasurer of Velde-Roelfs & Co., atPekin, Ill.Eugene Van Cleef, '08, to Frieda JuliaMiller, Ex. '09, on April 3, at Indian­apolis, Ind. At home at 1922 East Su­perior St., Duluth, Minn.David W. Stevens, Ph. D., '14, to RuthFrances Davis, daughter of Rev. HenryDavis, of Hartford, Wis. Both Mr. andMrs. Stevens are graduates of LawrenceCollege at Appleton, Wis. Dr. Stevenstook his master's degree at Harvard, andlater his Doctor's degree at Chicago, where he has been an instructor in theEnglish department for several years.Clara W. Allen, '12, daughter of Dr.and Mrs. Thomas Grant Allen, 5721Kenwood Ave., to Gerald D. Rahill, ofN ew York, on April 24, at Chicago.DeathsCarlton E. Taylor, D. B., '72, on Feb­ruary 2, at Newport, R. L, after a briefillness. He was buried at Rock Island,Ill., on Feb. 6.William Caldwell, Ph. D., '04, onMarch 18, at Ft. Worth, Texas, of pneu­monia. Dr. Caldwell had been pastorof the First Presbyterian Church at Ft.Worth for the past ten years. He was agraduate of the University of Mississippi,the Southwestern Presbyterian Uni­versity, Princeton, Johns Hopkins, andof the University of Chicago.Alice Maud Huestis, '09, on February10, at the Methodist Hospital at Indian­apolis;: Ind. Miss Huestis took herbachelor degree at De Pauw Universityin 1898, and her Master of Arts degreefrom Chicago in 1909. For the past sixyears she has been employed as a teacherin the College for Women at Columbia,s. C.Josiah W. Gain, '10, on December is,1914, at Martinsburg, W. Va. His bath­robe caught fire in some unexplainedmanner just after he had got up in themorning, and he was so badly burned hedied that evening. Mr. Gain had takenhis doctor's degree at Johns Hopkins andhad been appointed instructor in mathe­matics at Washington and Jefferson Col­lege, Pennsylvania.Henry T. Chace, Jr., S. B. 1896, waschairman of the Sixth Ward WilliamHale Thompson for Mayor Club in therecent primary election campaign.Mr. and Mrs. Nelson L. Buck (RenaHooper) spent the month of February inCalifornia visiting the winter resorts andthe two expositions.THE LAW SCHOOL ASSOCIATION 189The Law School AssociationJay B. Allen� '14, is a member of thefirm of McKinney & Allen, Inc., mort­gage loans and insurance, Sioux Falls,S. D.Benjamin F. Bilts, '14, is legislativesecretary for Senator Morton D. Hullat Springfield, 111., during the presentsession of the legislature.J. D. Coon, '15, is a member of thefirm of Coon & Coon, Sioux Falls, S. D.Laurel E. Elam, '13, has opened officesat 210-12 Boise City National BankBldg., Boise, Idaho.Fleming D. Hedges, '10, is located at1103 Tacoma Building, Chicago.Leo H. Hoffman, '14, has an office at1409, 111 West Washington St., Chi­cago.Andrew W. Johnson, '11, who is prac­ticing in Albert Lea, Minn., is a candi­date for city attorney in that place.Allan Loth is located with Burt J.Thompson, 14-16 State Bank Building,Forest City, Iowa..• Moe A. Natanson, '13, has moved hisoffices to 1600, 110 South Dearborn St.,Chicago.Adolph Radnitzer, '15, is with AlfredE. Barr, 950, 10 South La Salle St., Chi­cago.· Benjamin M. Stout, '14, is with Kraus, Alschuler & Holden, 1230-48 TribuneBuilding, Chicago.Floyd E. Harper, now county attor­ney at Leavenworth, Kansas, writes:"In June, 1905, I came to Leavenworthand in November, 1910, I was elected asJudge of the City Court of Leavenworth.That position I held for two terms untilJanuary, 1915. In November, 1914, how­ever, I was elected to the positionof County Attorney of LeavenworthCounty, Kansas, for a period of twoyears and am now holding that office,having been sworn in in January of thisyear."It is very seldom that we run acrossany of the graduates of the law school inthis territory, although Mr. Mcfrermottis located at Topeka. Frequently, how­ever, graduates of other departments ofthe University pass through the city onbusiness, For the length of time that thelaw school of the University has he enrunning and the small number of grad­uates it has turned out, one cannot helpbut be proud of the advancement that hasbeen made by its graduates."Enclosed you will please find my per­sonal check for $2.00 in payment of myannual dues and also for the subscriptionto the University of Chicago MAGAZINEfor one year."The Association of Doctors of PhilosophyAt the dedication of Julius RosenwaldHall in connection with the ninety-fourthconvocation of the University of Chicagothe program included addresses by sevenalumni of the university who took theirdegrees in the departments which willuse the new building: Eliot Blackwelder,A. B., '01, Ph. D., '14, professor ofgeology, the University of Wisconsin;Frank Walbridge De Wolf, S. B., '03,director of the State Geological Survey of Illinois; William Harvey Emmons,Ph. D., '04, professor of mineralogy andgeology, the University of Minnesota,director of the Geological Survey. ofMinnesota; Wallace Walter Atwood, S.B., '97, Ph. D., '03, professor of physi­ography, Harvard University; EdwinBayer Branson, Ph. D., 'OS, professor ofgeology, the University of Missouri;Ermine Cowles Case, Ph. D., '96, pro­fessor of historical geology and paleon-190 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGA7INEtology, the University of Michigan;George Frederick Kay, Ph. D., '14, pro­fessor of economic geology and petrologyof the State University of Iowa, directorof the Geological Survey of Iowa.Among new promotions at the Uni­versity of Chicago are the following:To a professorship: Henry ChandlerCowles, '98, of the department of botany;Charles Joseph Chamberlin, '97, to thedepartment of botany; Otis WilliamCaldwell, '98, of the college of education(botany). To an assistant professorship:J. Harlen Bretz, '14, of the departmentof' geology; George William Bartelmez,'10, of the department of anatomy.Otto Heller, '00, professor of German?-t Washington University, St. Louis, is general editor of publications .of Wash­ington University.Otis W. Caldwell, '98, professor ofBotany and Natural Sciences in theSchool of Education, recently spent sev­eral days at the Kansas Agricultural Col­lege where he delivered several lecturesto the students and scientific organiza­tions. Dr. Caldwell was the speaker ata special meeting attended by about thirtyalumni and ex-students of the University.W. F. Dodd, '05, associate professorof Political Science at the University ofIllinois, has resigned to take a similarposition at the University of Chicago.Dr. Dodd is at present in Washington,D. c., at work on one of his series ofbooks on political science.ATHLETICSBasketbal1.-Chicago, by defeatingWisconsin in the final game of the sea­son, ran second in the Conference, withnine games won and three lost. The in­dividual records of the various playerswere as follows:Field Goals Fouls Called,..__A___\�Games Oppo- Per- Tech-Player-e- Played Made nent sonal nicalStevenson ..... 10% 27 13 8 1Des Jardien.: .. 9 18 8 9 5Townley 9% 3 7 7 1Stegeman . . . . .. 7,% 16 8 11 7Kixmiller 11% 17 10 16 1George 10� 11 18 10 3Schaefer 8/8 3 1 1Bennett % 1 4 4Of the season Coach Page writes:"Personally, I do not believe in indi­vidual scoring statistics, as they do notdo j ustice to defensive men."Our team record was better than lastyear's team record in comparing gamescores. This year in our twelve gameswe scored 255 points to opponents' 177,averaging 20.4 points to our opponents'14.75 per game. Incidentally, we wontwo overtime games. In 1914 our teamaveraged about 23 points to opponents' 20, showing thereby much looser playing."We lost the championship for variousreasons. Baumgardner was ineligible;George was weakened by typhoid, Stege­man sprained his ankle in the first game,and Des J ardien' s ineligibility broke usall up, as he was not able to practice."The main point about our team wasits splendid defense. The men showedreal spirit and fight, proving to be thebest combination since the NationalChampions of 1908-09. We had brilliantvictories over Wisconsin, Purdue andMinnesota while away from home."Captain Stevenson was the leadingscorer, with Des Jardien second. Cap­tain .... Elect George and Townley were thecleverest in guarding. Kixmiller - andStevenson played well on the ball. Weare very proud of the fact that we didnot have a man put out of the game forexceeding the foul limit."Track.- The indoor season' ended sat­isfactorily in victory at the Conferencemeet held at Evanston on March 20,Chicago scoring 37� points, III ino is25 �4 and Northwestern 22. Campbellbroke the Conference indoor record inATHLETICSthe mile, Dismond in the quarter andMason of .Hlinois in the two-mile. Stoutwon the half and was second in the mile,scoring eight points and taking the indi­vidual honors of the meet.Knight won the fifty-yard dash, run-:­ning both heats and the final in 5 2/5seconds, equalling the record. Ward wassecond; Barancik pulled a tendon and didnot finish, and Agar was not allowed torun, by the rule permitting only threeentries from any college in anyone event.Ward hit his first hurdle in the sixty­yard hurdle race, stumbled, and neveragain got going; he did not place, whichwas the worst disappointment of themeet. Dismond wort the quarter by tenyards in 52 seconds, beating the oldrecord of 52 4/5. Hotchkin of North­western fell and broke his arm, yet pickedhimself up and finished second. Breathedof Chicago was third and Cornwell ofChicago fourth, both close up. Stoutof Chicago beat Osborne of Northwest­ern in the half, just nipping him at thetape in 2 :02 2/5 ; this was Stout's secondrace of the evening, Campbell of Chi­cago having beat him by six inches in themile in 4 :29, smashing the old record of4 :37 to bits. Mason of Illinois won thetwo-mile in 9 :45 2/5, also smashing arecord by fifteen seconds and this in spiteof losing a shoe early in the race andrunning twenty laps barefoot. He cuthis foot badly on the cinder track, butwas able to compete two weeks lateragainst California. Goodwin of Chicagohad stomach trouble and ran poorly, fail­ing to place. In the field events DesJ ardien failed badly in the shot, beingbeaten by two men from whom he wonin dual meets; he did not place. Fisherof Chicago, in the vault, tied for fourthat 11 feet 9 inches. In the high jUP1PWhiting tied for second at 5 feet 10inches, and Gorgas of Chicago wasfourth at 5 _feet 9. The relay was woneasily by Chicago in 3 :35 4/5, an averageof under 53 4/5 seconds to the quarter,Merrill ran first and lost five yards;Cornwell made it up on the second relay; 191Breathed ran splendidly, beyond all ex­pectations, and 'touched off Dismond fif­teen yards in the lead, which was lucky,as Osborne of Northwestern made upabout five yards on Dismond. The latter,however, could, probably have done betterin case of necessity. Breathed's runningwas next to Stout's, the really outstand­ing feature of the meet from the Chicagopoint of view.The Drake relay races will be held onApril 17 at Des Moines, and Chicago hasentered teams in the half-mile, two-mileand four-mile relays. It is probable thatonly two teams will run, however, as forthe two-mile and four-mile events themen must double up, Stout and Camp­bell being used in both. In the half-mileCapt. Ward, Barancik, Knight and eitherDismond or Agar will run; all five aregood for around 22 seconds fiat, and theywill win very easily. In the two-milerelay Campbell, Stout, Stegeman andDismond will compete; as all four havebeaten two minutes, they should have notrouble. In the four-mile, Campbell,Stout, Powers and Goodwin are thechoice; the four 'can average about 4 :33on a good day and track, which wouldprobably win.The_ Pennsylvania races come April26. Chicago will run the -two-mile andprobably the one-mile also, if Mr. Staggthinks Dismond and Campbell should runtwo races. Chicago is also entered in themedley races, in which four men eachrun a different distance. Capt Ward willbe entered in the high hurdle and Knightand Barancik in the dash.Baseball.- The baseball team opens itsConference season with Iowa at IowaCity April 16. Many preliminary gameshave been played, however, including aneasy victory, 12-2, over Beloit on April6. Coach Page is pursuing his usualpolicy of scheduling three or four gamesa week with semi-professional and com­mercial teams, to get the men accustomedto team work and good pitching.The baseball outlook is hardly bright.192 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDes J ardien is not in form yet,Shull is better than last year, however,and may prove dependable. Hart is afair catcher, but not much of a hitter.Of F. B. McConnell on first the samemay be said. Cole will be, used at second,R. N. McConnell at short, and Cavin atthird; Cole and Cavin are also substi- _tute catchers. Gray and Kixmiller in theoutfield are good in all ways, but thereis no third outfielder of any class. DesJ ardien may be used when he is not pitch­ing; Chang, the Chinese athlete fromHawaii, is also a possibility. George,captain-elect of the basketball team, andBondy are other possibilities. On thewhole the team will be made up of weakhitters, and only first-rate pitching and fielding will save them. The squad is thesmallest in years, and the continued coldweather has held back their development.The schedule follows:April 16, Iowa at Iowa City.April 21, Wisconsin on Stagg Field.April 24, Minnesota on Stagg Field.May 1, Iowa on Stagg Field.May 5, Chinese U. of Hawaii on StaggField.May 8, Indiana on Stagg Field.May 14, Ohio State at Columbus.May 15, Purdue on Stagg Field.. May 18, Wisconsin at Madison.May 22, Illinois on Stagg Field.May 28, Illinois at Urbana.June 2., Purdue at Lafayette.June 4, Alumni on Stagg Field.The University CollegeMost college students make a businessof going to college during four years,more or less, expecting meanwhile thatwhen they get through with their col­lege days they will go to a professionalschool, or perhaps enter upon an indus­trial, business or domestic career. Pos­sibly in many cases college students mayhave no very definitely formulated plansconcerning what is to follow their fouryears of college life, but accept these fouryears as part of the regular scheme ofthings by which their lives are ordered.But in a large commercial, industrial and,intellectual center, such as the city ofChicago, many persons, young and old,who have found their way into activework, realize possibly more than residentcollege students that collegiate work maycontribute to their satisfaction, efficiencyand advancement in their chosen occupa­tions. The demand for collegiate workby busy people is made by those whohave previously had college' courses, aswell as those who have never gone tocollege; by those who have entered pro­fessional occupations and desire specificprofessional assistance, and by those who seek courses for general cultural and bet­ter intellectual development. Further­more, courses of instructions are neededat hours and places which make it pos­sible for busy people to meet the classesand also continue the work of their ordi­nary occupations. The University Col­lege is the division of the University ofChicago organized in response to theseneeds of professional and business peoplefor a down-town college. The fact thatduring the three quarters of the pastacademic year, 1,106 different studentsengaged in study in almost 100 coursesof instruction, and that 146 of thesestudents came from towns surroundingChicago shows that the University Col­lege is meeting a real need. .Historically, University College .wasthe outgrowth of the class-study depart­ment which existed during the years1892-1898. Class-study work had dern­onstrated the need of offering a greatervariety of courses and of introducingmore continuity and regularity into thesystem of instruction. There was a needfor courses- of study of the same qualityas those given on the' campus. SuchTHE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 193courses should give credit toward de- The present location is excellent from thegrees as 01?-�'ithe campus. Consequently point of view of its accessibility fromin 1898, Mrs. Emmons Blaine, always in- transportation lines; but the inadequacyterested and generous in assisting to en- of the rooms now used in space andlarge and extend opportunity in educa- appointments for real collegiate worktion, contributed $5,000 a year for five present a most serious obstacle to allyears for the support of this work. The concerned with the work, an almost un:­institution organized was at first known endurable handicap to instructors andas the College for Teachers,' but the students who are accustomed to teachrecognition of the larger field and the and study in buildings which were con­consequent enlarging scope of the courses structed for educational uses.given made it advisable in 1900 tq change In policy University College is essen­the name to University College. At this tially like the other colleges of the Uni­time the College was housed in the Fine versity. It has the same requirementsArts Building, 203 Michigan Avenue. for admission, and the same specificInstruction was given in afternoons, eve- undergraduate and graduate require­nings and Saturdays. Classes met for ments. The courses are given by regulartwo-hour periods and twenty-four such faculty members and the courses beingperiods of work with accompanying chiefly the same as those given on thelibrary and other assignments were con- University campus. Some new coursessidered equal to. the work required for, have been organized to meet the par­one major's credit. ticular needs of the University CollegeThe enrollment for the first year of students, and doubtless more such coursesUniversity College, 1898-99, was 305. In must be organized. Letters from busi-1905-06 there were 403 regularly matric-ness men, teachers and others frequentlyulated and registered students. In 1906-suggest new courses which may make a07, however, University College wasmore direct contribution to the increasedmoved to Blaine Hall on the Universitycampus, and the registration fell to 327, efficiency of those who are studying infalling again the next year to 150. It the College. It is not possible to presentwas thus made evident that the needs of in any single year all the courses thatthe University College students required may be desired to meet students' needsa central down-town location for the or the sequence requirements of the vari­College, a location which is accessible to OUS departments, but by alteration ofpersons going down-town from various certain courses in successive years se­parts of the city and from surrounding quence requirements may be met. Atcities. Consequently in 1908 Mr. Walter the University Convocations among theA. Payne, who was Dean of University graduates there are usually some stu­College at that time, secured rooms with dents who have had part of their workthe Educational Department of the Cen- in University College.tral Young Men's Christian Association, For the last six years since the work19 South La Salle Street. The registra- was re-inaugurated in the central por­tion in University College in 1908-9 rose tion of the city, there has been a contin­to a total of 429, surpassing the number ual growth in the number of differentof different students (403) registered the students enrolled and in the number oflast year- when instruction was given in registrations. The results of the workthe Fine Arts Building. ' In 1912-13 the of the College, as shown in the followingwork of University College was moved tables; are especially gratifying, whetherto its present location, Bryant & Stratton considered as an individual piece ofBuilding, 80 East Randolph Street, where academic work or as contrasted with themore and larger rooms were secured. work of other years:194 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEDifferent Registrations Courses Maj orsYear- Students for the Year Given Given1908-1909.. 429 968 54 271909-1910.. 573 1,283 72 3901910-1911.. 817 2,015 103 581911-1912.. 874 2,202 132 771912-1913.. 941 2,529 124 731913-1914 .. 1,106 2,955 142 870The largest number of different in­dividuals registered in anyone quarterprior to this year was 865, which wasin the Winter Quarter of 1914, but dur­ing the Winter Quarter of the presentyear 960 students are registered.During the early years of the Uni­versity College comparatively few of thestudents were classified and studyingalong definitely planned coherent lines ofwork. This was quite natural since stu­dents sought the individual courses andinstructors from which there was reasonto expect material of immediate interestand assistance. It has become evident,however, that University College stu­dents, like others, work most effectivelywhen they are classified and followingcoherent sequences of courses. Thisleads students to a determination of thepurposes for which they are to work, andthereafter to the selection and arrange­ment of courses which lead toward defi­nite ends. A study of the graphs of thetime shows that while the growth of thestudent body in University College hasbeen continuous and rapid, the numbero f unclassified students has not increasedfor several years, while classified under­graduate and graduate students have in­creased. It is evident that the increasein the University College student bodyduring recent years has come from stu­dents who are planning a definite pro­gram of work for some years, which pro­gram should eventuate in a much morefundamental contribution to their effi­ciency and enjoyment than when but afew courses are taken more or less atrandom.There is great need and great oppor­tunity for collegiate work in an institu­tion located down-town in the city ofChicago. Such an institution should pre- sent courses of instruction and separatelectures which are of educative and cul­tural value to the many busy workerswho very greatly desire these opportuni­ties. Such an institution should also pro­vide a central meeting place for city andsuburban students where they may makeengagements to meet one another, in edu­cational committees, or may find a limitedsupply of library materials for assistancein regular course work, also for use bythose who may not be taking courses.The physical equipment for carrying onthe work of University College consistsonly of the rooms that are rented foruse during the periods; and these do notpermit the College to meet any of theurgent needs beside those directly relatedto class meetings. The number and rela­tive influence of the University Collegestudents, the large opportunity for in­creased usefulness of the UniversityCollege, the number of University Col­lege students which spend one or morequarters on the University campus incontinuance of their work make it im­perative that facilities commensurate withuniversity standards be provided forUniversity College. Many more personswill doubtless gladly avail themselves ofthe opportunities presented by UniversityCollege if proper accommodations maybe provided for the work now being doneand for further extensions of this work.The University College has alreadyperformed a novel and invaluable servicein providing a collegiate education forhundreds of persons whose previous in­terests, opportunities and occupationshave prevented them from taking a col­lege course. It has provided academicwork for hundreds who had previouslydone collegiate work, but whose interestsand occupations made further workdesirable. It is believed that this institu­tion has made a contribution toward rais­ing standards of educational efficiency.There are great possibilities for the ex­tension of the field of activity and in­crease of the benefits of the UniversityCollege. OTIS vV. CALDWELL:WHAT IS A GOOD COURSE? 195What Is a Good Course?:{� :[Twentrfive undergraduates, juniors and seniors, were asked recently to put in writing their stand­ards of va. ue fOIl' t�e courses they 'Yere pursuing. It has beep. thought that a selection from their answersmight interest a umru who recall theIr. own questionmg of SPIrIt In undergraduate days.]My standard of value of any collegecourse is, frankly, utilitarian. I amconvinced that my presence in the col­lege is merely a preparation for somefuture work, and so my choice ofcourses is guided accordingly. Thereare two things that I look for in mycollege work. The first is to get ageneral prospectus of the various fieldsof knowledge. And the one or twocourses that give me this opportunityare, according to my standard, thebest. The second, and the most im­portant to me, is plain technical train­ing. I took courses in English com­position simply because of the train­ing it afforded to me in writing. Itook 'Courses in economics simply be­cause of the training in gathering, col­lecting and systematizing facts andmaterials. I take this to be the mostimportant means in a work such asI plan for myself, and for this reasonI am careful, so far as it is for me pos­sible to be, not to squander my energywith things that have nothing to dowith my chief aim.The study of detailed facts seems tome to be valuable when-and onlywhen-we can relate them to life. Thatis to. say, t? a purpose in life. Supposeo?e IS a reformer, or that he has a pas­sion to excel in literature, or that heis a religious en th usiast. Such a per­son will have no trouble learning andremembering facts related to his lifework, How often do we not seeexamples of persons who, throughsheer enthusiasm for an ideal, havebecome highly educated without con­scious effort? The example nearest athand just now is Eugene V. Debs. Iknow some of us would sneer at himbut he knows the things that are of enduring value, and that is educationeven if it does not include polish. Thatman has made Socialism the center ofgravity, so to speak, for his education.When he saw facts he knew exactlywhat he wanted them for-or he didnot want them at all. To attempt �ogather facts without having a definiteuse for them is comparable to goingshopping for pastime.Fundamentally the value of a courseLies, not at all in the detailed facts itfurnishes, which are as easily forgottenas learned, but in its contribution tomy understanding of the world inwhich I live and the people amongwhom I wend my way. The merephysical aspect of things, however,does not interest me as much as themental and spiritual; hence thosecourses dealing with human beings intheir development and interrelation­s?ip_:__history, sociology, anthropology,hterature, philosophy-interest .me farmore ,than those dealing with the lowerorders of animal and vegetable matter,and with chemical substances or withabstractions, geology, biology, mathe­matics.I have an inordinate loathing forfacts as facts, and I have always re­fused to accumulate them (beyondlegitimate lengths, I am afraid). Iwant simply to improve the quality ofmy mind, so that it can sense valuesand can work problems when neces­sary. I do not care for a great dealof ground coffee on hand. I only wanta good coffee-grinder that I can setgoing when occasion demands.In college we want to learn to livethrough contact with vivid and strik-196 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEingly strong personalities. After all,when we get out of college we shallnot stand up and recite what we knowbefore a crowd of people who tack halfthe alphabet after their names. Weshall live, day by day; live up, if wecan, to our best by aid of the facts andgeneral knowledge we have attained.And therefore we register for coursesin sociology, ethics, economics, and soon. I found a course last spring underthe impressive title, "Practical The­ology 6D-Moral Education and J uve­nile Delinquency," that came very nearbeing ideal, and I shall always be gladI took it. For two weeks the instructorlectured on the conditions of the citiesand country that fostered crime, andduring these weeks, out of class, weread books by Doctor Henderson, JaneAddams, and other authors well versedin the subject. Then for two moreweeks the instructor gave detailed ac­counts of labor conditions, housingconditions and amusement places ofthe poorer people.At the beginning of the fifth weekwe took up the treatment of crime.Each of the thirty-six students in theclass made a detailed report on somephase of some organization and treat­ment of crime. My subject was "Re­formatories for Girls." I read five orsix books on reformatories in thiscountry and abroad, and then I visitedthe State Reformatory at Geneva, Illi­nois, and later the Refuge Home at50th street and Indiana avenue, Chi­cago. It was a revelation to me. Thegirls were very much like all othergirls; though many of them were dullof intellect and many more were vic­tims of environment, I felt a new bond'of fellowship for these girls who hadnot had the care I had had. But agreater revelation was the attendants.Every woman in both institutions wassingularly kindly and sympathetic. Iwas glad to meet such people, whose work was naturally unpleasant, butwho still threw heart and soul intotheir tasks.And I came to the end of the coursewith a feeling of regret. I t was thefirst course I had ever taken in col­lege in which I was sent out, alone,on a new subject to see and under­stand and react on the conditions oflife. It was the- first course that gaveme any light on the stories of crime inthe newspapers. It was a revelationto see the duties of every man andwoman of a community unfold beforeme as they did in that course. Norwas this all. I have understood theunderlying principles of settlementwork and welfare work ever since thatcourse. When conversation dealt withproblems of the present-day poor andcriminals, I no longer sat back boredto extinction, but leaned forwardanxious to see if my ideas were goodor if there were better ones. After all,that bigger view of life, it seems tome, is what a college education isplanned for.I do not expect the same sort of re­turn for my work in various courses,and I do not get it. Indeed, if all goodcourses gave me the same kind ofbenefits, and I took only the best ac­cording to. my standards, nothing buta frequently mistaken judgment onmy part would keep me from becominga very narrow person, a conscientiousaccumulator of facts or an emotionalaesthete as my taste directed. But itis with no conscious purpose of broad­ening my character that I choose mycourses. When I reflect on classesand instructors of the past, neverthe­less, a few stand out as particularlyworth while. Some courses showedme the possibility of taking keen en­joyment in intellectual activity for itsown sake, as did economics, and atWHAT IS A GOOD COURSE?the same time gave me a feeling ofmodest kinship with big movements,big laws and' their shaping of humanlife. In other classes I have got some­thing of a loving acquaintance withliterature, not in a vocational but ina human way, and at the same timeI was undergoing training for work tobe done after college in collecting facts-for the most part quickly forgotten-in acquiring new viewpoints on myspecial subjects, and in observing theinstructor's methods. The courseswhich have meant as much to me asany others, and more than most, arethose in which I became acquaintedwith a splendid personality-the in­structor's-and learned from glimpsesof the "fat country" of his life some-­thing that I may make my own. 197Some courses bring actual growthin intellectual' power; others serveprincipally as a means of increasingthe technique of reducing facts toorder and of widening the concepts 9£life. Chemistry, while it calls uponmemory and classifying ability, andwhile it adds to one's wonder at thelaws underlying matter, seems pri­marily illustrative of the first type. Itstretches to every corn�r of the mind,leaves it with a greater thinking ca­pacity. Courses like the History ofthe English Language, or the Rise ofChristianity, for instance, dissimilar asthey are, give the same general kindsof help. They give practice in sci­entifically stowing away facts, andwhat is more important, a broaderoutlook on language in the one case,religion and Christianity in the other."Swift's Premium" is m.ore than a name. I t is an award.Only products of finest quality are ever so branded,Ham. and bacon of only the highest grade are giventhat label.Selection is the first step in preparation. "Swift's Prem­ium" Hams and Bacon are fine-textured, firm and sound,taken from corn-fed porkers, U. S. Government Inspectedand Passed.Next they are immersed in a mild, "sugar cure."This gives them sweetness, and some of the flavor that marks, 'Swi ft' s Premium' , products.Then smoking-" hours over fragrant hickory .. wood fires-'lends piquancy to the flavor, adds zest to the taste, andgives the meat its ruddy, appetizing appearance. The exacttime devoted to smoking, and also to curing, is a. secret-·the result of patient search for perfection.When you purchase' 'Swift's Premium" Hams and Baconyou secure products which are put on tlie market as the"last word" in tenderness, appearance and flavor. Swift &Company's reputation is behind each pound produced."Swift's Premium" is more thana name. It is an "award.198 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEWANTEDFEILCHENFELD -BROS. Students or Teachers, eithersex, to work during vacationperiod or permanently. Salary$3.00 per day, Address Alex­ander Supply Company, Mor­gan Park, Cook County, Illi­nois.Grocery, Market1I11"''''lIlllIrrrllrrrllllnn.rrrlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllrrland Bakery •.11111111.11111111111111111111111111111111111"""1111"11111111111111324 East Fifty-Fifth StreetPhones Hyde Park591 BILLY SUNDAY'SMESSAGE(Guaranteed genuine). Men andwomen agents wanted for this big­gest seller yet. Write for termsand free outfit. Geo. w. Somers,publisher's representative, T-4, St.Augustine, Florida.DISTRIBUTORSViolet Brand Coffee, BakingPowder, Flavoring Extracts......... - -.. -SUPREME QUALITYThe University of ChicagoSUMMER QUARTER, 1915The University offers instruction during the Summer Quarter on the same basis asduring the other quarters of the academic year., The undergraduate colleges, the graduate schools, and the professional schools pro­vide courses in Arts, Literature, Science, Law, Medicine, Education, and Divinity.Instruction is given by regular members of the University staff, which is augmentedin the summer by appointment of professors and instructors from other institutions.First TerlD June 21-July 28Second Term July 29-SepteDlber 3Detailed information will be sent upon application.THE UNIVERSITY ·OF CHIC:AGOCHICAGO ILLINOISTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 199§l!1111I111I111!!11I1111111111I1111I11111I11111I11111!lllIlilll!11IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIillllllllllllll!!l111IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIi!liiil!llllill!llillllllllilllliillllilllllllllllilllllll[lllllllllilllllllllllllllllll1IIIIIlililllllli:lllillllllillllllllliiilllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllli§I i-_--I Faculty Exchange University of Chicago §illlllllllUllIlllllllUlIIllIllIlIJllllIii!llllllll!llllllllllllllll!llIlIlIlIl!!lIllIIIll!lIIl1l1l1l1l11l11!!1I1I1lI1I1II111111111 111111111 II III IH IIIlIllI!lII!1I IIIIIIIIIIII!!III 11111 11111 II III !!I III II II! 11I1I1I1I!l1I II I 1I!1111111 111111 II 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111HE Committee on member­. � ship and publicity of the� College Alumni Associationis making a determined effortto b uid up the membership of theAssociation. Everyone who attendedthe University for three quarters andhad nine majors credited is eligible.Annual dues, including subscriptionto the magazine, are $1 .50.The College Alumni Association isjust beginning to appreciate its possibil ..ities for service to the University. Y oucan help make the association of greaterservice by asking all of your Universityfriends to join the association. Inci ..dentally, you will be helping the com ..mittee on publications to realize someof the dreams for the magazine thatthe editor is incubating.Remittances should be sent toJOHN F. MOULDS, Sec. & Treas.200 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZll\TEIRECTORY OF ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONS[Represented in the Alumni Council]THE COLLEGE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONPresident, AGNES WAYMAN� �03. Second V'ice-President, ALICE GREENACRE� '08First Vice-President, HUGO FRIENDp 906 Third Vice-President, Co F. AXELSONy Y07Secretary; JOHN FRYER MOULDSy '07Executive Committee: MRS. CHARLES S. EATON, 100EmTH FOSTER FUNTp '97 HAROLD H. SWIFT, '07HELEN GUNSAULUS� '08 HELEN T. SUNNY, '08ALVIN KRAMERjJ '10 MARIE ORTMAYERjI '06ANNUAL MEETING: Convocation day in June.MEMBERSHIP in the Association is open to all former students who have had at least threequarters residence and who have at least nine majors credit. Annual dues, ONE DOL­LAR AND FIFTY CENTS, payable to the secretary. All members receive The University ofChicago Magazine.NEWS NOTES, changes of address, and communications for the Magazine should be sentpromptly to the secretary, Faculty Exchange, the University.SAMUEL MACCLINTOCK� �96MARY PHISTER, �11RUDY D. MATTHEWS, '14THE ASSOCIATION OF DOCTORS OF PHILOSOPHYPresident, DANIEL Po MACMILLAN, '99 Vice-President, THOMAS E. DOUBT.I' '04Secretary-Treasurer; HERBERT Eo SLAUGHT� '98Ex ecutiue C ommittee .-The officers and HOWARD WOODHEAD, Yon, and ERNEST L. TALBERT, 901.ANNUAL MEETING: Monday of Convocation week in June, at 12 o'clock, at the QuadrangleClub.MEMBERSHIP in the Association is open to all who hold the Ph.D. degree from the Univer­sity. Annual dues, ONE DOLLAR AND FIFTY CENTS, payable to the secretary-treasurerat the time of the annual meeting, or upon receipt of notice. All members will receiveThe University of Chicago Magazine.NEWS NOTES of academic interest to the Doctors should be sent promptly to the secretary­treasurer, Faculty Exchange, the University. These include appointments and promo­tions, publications of research, and participation in educational or scientific associations,either as officers or contributors of paper s or addresses.THE DIVINITY ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONPresident, W. P. BEHAN, '97First Vice-President, J. B. THOMAS, '80Second Vice-President, MARK SANBORN; �09Third Vice-President, O. ]. PRICE, '98 Secretary-Treasurer, P. G. MODE� '14.Biographers, IRA M. PRICE, '82; E. J. GoOD­SPEED, '97.Executive Committee, C. D. GRA v, '00; B. F.MARTIN, '94; W. D. WILCOX, '07.ANNUAL MEETING: During Convocation week in June, on call.MEMBERSHIP in the Association is open to an graduates of the Divinity School. Annual dues,fifty cents, payable to the secretary-treasurer. The University of Chicago Magazine winbe furnished to members at $1.00 per year extra.NEWS NOTES, changes of address, and communications for the Magazine should be sentpromptly to the secretary-treasurer, Faculty Exchange, the University.THE LAW SCHOOL ASSOCIATIONPresident, ALBERT L. HOPKINS, '09 Vice-President, EDGAR J. PHILLIPS, '11Secretary-Treasurer, RUDOLPH E. SCHREIBER, '06ANNUAL MEETING: During Convocation week in the Spring Quarter" The annual dinner fol ...lows the business meeting, -\1EMBERSHIP is open to all former students with at least ten majors 'credit, and to all instruc­tors in the School. Annual dues, $1.00, payable to the secretary-treasurer, 1140 OtisBuilding, Chicago. The University of Chicago Magazine will be furnished to members at$1.00 per year extra.NEWS NOTESjJ changes of address, and communications for the Magazine should be sentpromptly to the secretary-treasurer, 1140 Otis Building, Chicago,