EDGAR VINCENTPresident of the University oe MinnesotaConvocation Orator, March ig, 1912University of ChicagoMagazineVolume IV APRIL, I()I2 Number 5EVENTS AND DISCUSSIONMeetings of the Alumni Council in February and March haveresulted in a reorganization of the business management of the Magazineand in consolidating the office of business manager withChanges in tliat f Secretary of the Council. Harry Arthur Hansen,Management J...'09, who held both positions for two years, attempted toresign this autumn, his newspaper work making it impossible for him to putin as much time as he felt the alumni work demanded. The Councilinsisted on retaining his services, however, until someplancouldbefoundtocarry on his work effectively, and the right man to execute it. Both, it isbelieved, have been discovered. The effort to enlarge the circle of theMagazine, and the still more important effort to increase the fellowship,members, and working value of the Alumni Association, will be undertaken by one man. This is Frank W. Dignan, '97, Ph.D. '05.In Mr. Dignan the whole active work of the Alumni Association willcenter. As secretary of the Alumni Council he will be in direct communication with the various alumni clubs, will advise with them as they maydesire concerning the most useful activities, co-operate to secure speakersfor their dinners, and in general serve their interests and encourage theirdevelopment. As business manager of the Magazine he will do all inhis power to increase its circulation. It is conceivable that a live alumnibody might exist without an organ of expression; but hardly more thanconceivable. If we as alumni are to be of real value to the Universitywe must unify our spirit and vivify our activities. Such unification andvivification can come about only if we know what the University andwe ourselves are doing. How can we get this knowledge except bychance, or through the Magazine? To make this Magazine somethingi55THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEmore than so many pages of printing must be the office of the EditorialBoard; to get its virtues and needs before you, the office of the businessmanager; to keep the Magazine going, by joining the Alumni Association,your office.Meanwhile, what can the Magazine do to justify its existence?When the business manager compares his list with that of the UniversityThe Alumni °f Minnesota Alumni Weekly, with its two thousand paidand the subscribers, of the University of Michigan Alumnus withMagazine its six thousand, and of the University of Illinois AlumniQuarterly, he is not much cheered; but when we, the-Editorial-Board,^compare the Magazine to the sister publications just mentioned, weare not much cheered either. But we are determined that the Magazineis going to make its way eventually. Its appeal for support is to loyaltyonly in small part. There is no doubt about the loyalty, but we shouldlike to give the alumni value received for their dollars. At present weare, on account of financial considerations, limited to thirty-two pages perissue; we hope, however, to get something into those thirty-two. Wereceived the other day two letters. One said, "I am disappointed in theMagazine; it is lifeless." The other said, "It is quite unmistakablyalive and observant, and readable to the last page. My copy goes to the Public Library as soon as I am through with it because I thinkit is an excellent representative of a University of which I am veryproud." We liked the second, but agreed with the first. Some day,however, we hope to be able to agree with the second.At present we are not constructive enough. The Magazine sharesthe fault with the alumni in general. We — the alumni — do not arrangeto see each other often enough, and do not sufficientlyThe Magazine a(jverLjse our arrangements — that is true and important.and the Alumni °. isWhat is still more important is our failure to work foranything in particular. On the first point, a word of evidence. Running through the graduates of 1879, we find half a dozen men whom weknew well in college, who live in Chicago, but whom we have never seenat- an alumni reunion. Again — that the Home-coming of Chicago Menlast June should have been so striking a success was almost againstnature, for no plans for it were determined on until March! OnlyVaughan's tremendous energy, and his capacity for organization put itthrough. At Amherst this year, the class of 1879 has its fifteenthanniversary. The first bulletin was sent out to members of the class inAND DISCUSSION 157March, 191 1; since October these bulletins have been monthly. Nowonder that 80 per cent of the living members of the class are expectedto attend. Evidence on the second point — how many bodies of thealumni undertake to preach the gospel of the University of Chicagoanywhere? Are we too young to establish scholarships? Are we toofew to influence public opinion ? Not if we consistently stand together.It is the business of this Magazine to find common standing-ground.That is what we hope ultimately to do. As evidence that some atleast of the alumni work with a definite purpose, note the followingannouncement.The Alumnae Chapter of Spelman House announces a scholarship,consisting of one year's free tuition in the University of ChicagoThe Spelman and $120 in cash, to be awarded to any graduateHouse woman of the University who wishes to specialize inhip social work. The scholarship will be awarded underthe following conditions:I. Committee on award. — The scholar shall be chosen by a committee consistingof the chairman, two other members of the Spelman Alumnae Scholarship Committee,and Miss Talbot, Miss Breckinridge, and Miss Dudley.II. Scholarship requirements. — It will be expected that the award will be a determining factor enabling the candidate to pursue a course of social study in the University. The cash fund may be used during this course of study or preferably afterthree quarters in the University to be used toward practical residence in some socialsettlement.III. Requirement for appointment. — The candidate shall have received at leasta bachelor's degree from the University of Chicago; must be in good physical condition; must desire to specialize in social science; must have had experience in socialwork or must show aptitude for social work.Applicants for the scholarship should address Miss Anne S. Davis,61 10 Kimbark Avenue.On June 10 and 11 exercises will be held in dedication of the HarperMemorial Library. The Convocation reception, on the evening of theThe Dedication 10th, will take place in the Library and adjoining buildings;of the Harper the quadrangles, however, will be everywhere illuminated.Memorial On the morning of Tuesday, June 1 1 , the formal dedicatoryLibrary exercises will occur, followed by the Convocation exercises in the afternoon. The speakers have not yet been announced;they will be of international reputation.A special invitation to attend the dedication of the Library will besent to every graduate of the University. A very large number of alumniTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwill certainly be present. Can you afford not to come? The occasionis of special interest to those of us who were in the University whenPresident Harper guided its destiny. Clearly and more clearly as theyears go by the large and generous virtues of his plans appear, and firmerseems the rock of his conception upon which the University is built andbuilding. Who seeks his monument need only look about. Yet thededication to his memory of this one great building, the center of theUniversity's work, the heart through which the University's life mustbeat, is fitting; and the occasion of the dedicatory ceremonies one whichhas profound significance. Can you afford not to come ?The athletic pendulum has momentarily swung back, following ahearty push given by the presidents of the various Conference institutions at a meeting March 20. All present agreed that theA^c'-t16 i(*eal of amateurism in college sports was approachableand should be maintained. It is now possible, therefore,that the recent compromise action of the Conference will be rejected bya majority of the colleges, and the old rules, with slight modifications,but in all their old rigidity, will be retained for some time. The suggestion was made that any student hereafter found to have made falseaffidavit of his amateur standing should be dropped, not only fromathletic competition but from college likewise, like any other commoncheat. To embody such a thing in the Conference rules would beimpossible, but if adopted by the individual institutions as a fillip togeneral honesty it might be valuable. Knowledge that such a penaltywas provided would at least do away with the impression on the part ofaspiring athletes that false swearing in matters of sport was generallycondoned.The presidents gave their warm approval to a paper drawn up bythe Graduate Committee of the Conference, and urging maintenanceof the amateur ideal. Certain statements from that paper follow:This committee believes that if the basis of intercollegiate athletics is to be commercialism rather than the play spirit it would be better to abolish athletic competition at once before it degenerates to a point where its condition will be so bad that itsextermination will be a necessity. It seems incomprehensible that the Conference workthrough all these years should go for nothing and be swept away by the present demandfor professionalism It is said that there is a necessity for some men to make aliving which they can best make by playing baseball or by competing professionallyin some other form of athletics. The number of these individuals is comparativelysmall. We do not believe that their need, if it is really a need, should be weighedfor a moment against the general conditions of intercollegiate athletics Thecompetition for the games' sake is the basis on which intercollegiate athletics mustAND DISCUSSION 159rest and if it is taken off this basis we are firmly convinced that it will degenerate intoa condition that is intolerable If conditions are bad they should be corrected;but rules of competition, especially those for which our great universities standsponsors, should be based on principles and ideals rather than made merely to meetconditions.If any considerable part of the alumni, faculty, and students of thevarious institutions hold these views, the situation will clear. Chicago,Th O tl k Northwestern, and Purdue are not subject in this matterfor the t° the same tremendous pressure of public opinion thatConference is felt by the state universities; but even the state uni-an icago versities can stand firm if they think it worth while. Inpassing, it is interesting to note a spirit of protest at Michigan againsther continued isolation from western athletic affairs. "Michigan,"writes one of her alumni, "cannot afford longer to play a losing game;and to adhere, for the sake of saving the face of someone who blunderedyears ago, to a policy ruinous in its nature." "As a matter of fact,"writes another, "there is no comparison between the kind of athleticcontests our students could witness if Michigan were in the Conference,and the miserable program which is now handed out to them." On theother hand, the "mass meeting" at Illinois to protest against the domination of the Conference, and the petition circulated to urge Illinois' withdrawal, both fizzled out. Apparently, therefore, the Conference isstronger than ever. Chicago, meanwhile, may fairly congratulateherself upon the general unanimity of opinion in this matter which seemsto prevail within her fold. No compromises have been accepted; nostudents have been whitewashed, or allowed to compete under suspicion;and with this attitude the undergraduates and the alumni alike haveshown sympathy.In the "University Record," on p. 177 of this issue will be found thePresident's statement, at the March Convocation, concerning theThe New Sys- recently adopted system of retiring allowances and allow-tem of Retiring ances for widows. A copy of the statute is appended.Allowances Summed up, the provision is for an allowance to all inthe service of the University who have reached sixty-five and who havebeen of the rank of assistant professor, or higher, for at least fifteen years;this allowance to be from 40 to 60 per cent of the average salary of therecipient for five years previous; widows of those eligible to the allowance to receive one-half of it during widowhood. These are, mutatismutandis, the terms of the Carnegie Foundation; except that theTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINECarnegie fund provides also for those under sixty-five who have servedtwenty-five years. The new system, it may be noted, does not provideeither for disability before sixty-five, or for widows of those who, howeverlong in service, die before that age. A letter from the Secretary of theBoard of Trustees, however, says: "It was intended that section 6should cover precisely this point. This is the place where disabilitycomes in, caused by sickness or death, and you will note that widowsare particularly mentioned in it."The system as a whole is generously conceived and- executed. Itputs into form much of what has hitherto been vague. More than$2,000,000, it is estimated, will ultimately be required and set aside forits endowment. At present six annual allowances are paid by the University, these having been granted as occasion arose. Five now servingthe University are eligible, and five more will become eligible at intervalsin the next five years.As told in "Undergraduate Affairs," the women of the Universityset on foot in the Winter Quarter a new plan for securing honesty inexaminations. It was a sensible plan, and on the whole isSentSenT thought to have worked well. Students, both men andwomen, were seen to cheat and later to hand in signedstatements that they had not done so; but these were few — of the"irreducible minimum" of college criminals. Others who were entirelyhonest refused to sign their names to any statement of that fact; oneor two instructors indeed spoke to their classes against the plan. Ingeneral, however, the idea of the women met with general sympathy,and its fulfilment has done something definite toward the bettermentof our situation.OLD GUIDE FOR NEW TIMES1BY GEORGE EDGAR VINCENT, Ph.D., LL.D.President of the University of MinnesotaTHIS address, or something like it, was to have been given here ayear ago. Your speaker, therefore, claims the right to antedatehimself into the comradeship of the community. So this turns out tobe a home Convocation — a domestic affair content with local talent.June and December may vaunt themselves and bring from afar pedagogic pontiffs and decorative diplomats; August may rejoice in anorator from the summer staff, but March comes in mildly like a lamb.You are to listen not to a visiting president but to an old friend whowill try his best not to be oracular. He will speak not ex cathedra, butfrom an easy chair by the fireside.That this means self-restraint is not to be denied. One is temptedto try the classic manner of the seventies and eighties. Those were thedays of genuine commencement oratory. An address in the consulateof Hayes or Arthur combined the "majesty of Milton with the urbanegrace of Addison and the copious learning of Macaulay — the wholedecorated with garlands from Plato, Thucydides, Cicero, and Livy.Delphic utterance like this was wont to deal with many themes, butthrough all ran the dominant note of classical culture, lessons drawn fromthe history of Greece and Rome, the disciplinary value of certain studies,the aristocratic virtues of noblesse oblige patriotism, retrospect of collegedays — all culminating with the unshunnable "forsitan haec olim memi-nisse juvabit" or a warning against the degeneracy of the age withvariations upon the themes "0 tempora, O mores" and uHinc illaelachrymae." (The Latin was pronounced not in your continental orpseudo-Roman fashion but in good, honest English.) But an addressof this kind would now have only antiquarian interest. These aredays of pedagogical expertness, of vocational choice and training, ofresearch, of efficiency, of social service.It has not been easy to hit upon a theme. The first idea of discussing the reorganization of the curriculum lost much of its appeal whenMr. Judd proved so convincingly a year ago that there was no nucleus1 Delivered on the occasion of the Eighty-second Convocation of the Universityheld in the Leon Mandel Assembly Hall, March 19, 1912.161THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEor core about which the thing might be done. And now that our facultyhere have settled the whole question it has become purely academic.In Arnold's phrase it does not "palpitate with actuality." The curriculum is no longer a running around in circles ; it is a straight and wideningpath to culture and efficiency. It is well to have this settled. Itcertainly will not come up again — before next quarter.Recognition for the mere teacher was another subj-ect that pressedfor a hearing. To say a word or two for the man who merely entersintelligently into the mental life of his students, who merely gives newmeaning to their work, who merely inspires them with ambition, whomerely spends himself freely for them — timidly to suggest that hedeserves equal recognition with the man who pushes forward the frontiersof knowledge, was probably a mere sentimental impulse indulged for aweak moment by an only half-hardened presidential heart.The temptation to come to the ciefense of undergraduates under thepilfered title, "An Apology for Idlers," was hard to resist. As a matterof fact it has not been wholly rejected. It is not all loss that our students have little time left after due perusal of the fifteen-cent monthliesand the Christie-McCutcheon fiction of the day to be corrupted by theheresies of Stevenson. Could anything be more dangerous than this:For my own part I have attended a good many lectures in my time. I stillremember that the spinning of a top is a case of kinetic stability. I still rememberthat emphyteusis is not a disease nor stillicide a crime. But though I would notwillingly part with such scraps of science, I do not set the same store by them as bycertain other facts and things that I came upon in the street while I was playingtruant.Perhaps on second thought this is quite as pernicious:There is certainly some chill and arid knowledge to be found upon the summitsof prim and laborious science, but it is all around you and for the trouble of lookingthat you will acquire warm and palpitating facts of life. While others are filling theirmemories with a lumber of words, one-half of which they will forget before the weekbe over, your truant may learn some really valuable art: to play a fiddle, to know agood cigar, to speak with ease and opportunity to all varieties of men. Many whohave "plied their book diligently" and know all about some one branch of acceptedlore come out of the study with an ancient and owl-like demeanor and prove dry,stockish, and dyspeptic in all the better and brighter parts of life.But I hear muttered protests from my colleagues on the stage behindme. If only they who the degree of Bachelor, or of Master, or of Doctor,are seeking were present such doctrine might do little harm. But it maybe that a few undergraduates — one can never be quite sure that theywill always protect themselves against informing speech — have strayedOLD GUIDE FOR NEW TIMES 163into this place. Moreover the mental and moral integrity of the marshals should be respected. I can fancy someone saying: "Scholarshipis in a bad enough way already; let us have no more of this gypsyphilosophy. Why, it was this same idler who declared: 'We need notcare whether they could prove the 47th proposition; they do a betterthing than that, they practically administer the Great Theory of theLiveableness of Life.'" True, this is perilous preaching. Scholarshipdoes seem to cut rather a sorry figure on the stage of college life.This stage is so crowded with other characters that it is high timeto come to the aid of the modest, shrinking person in the cap and gown,this diffident, humble "super" known as scholarship. Other actorshave a way of strutting to the front and posing in the radiance of thefootlights, to say nothing of seeking the selective aura of the calcium.Behold the athletic chorus, filling the entire width of the stage withvigorous dance and agile acrobatics. The dialogue to be sure is meager,and even feeble, but the physical alertness and efficiency are unmistakable. Little wonder that the audience cheers vociferously. Andnow to the music of the waltz the social chorus glides gracefully in.There is chatter and charm, gaiety and glamor. True, the lines makeno tax upon the intelligence but the performance is graceful and urbane;it captivates the applauding spectators. Once more behold groups ofyouths and of maidens. The program announces them as fraternitiesand clubs. They show little trace of mental preoccupation. Theycarry with them a spirit of comradeship, of intimate and lasting friendships; they suggest a challenging exclusiveness. Again to the music ofa masterful march file forth the bands of future lawyers, doctors, engineers — eager, confident, advancing by well-marked paths to a successand a service which can be tested and appraised. These youths carrythemselves with an air of conquest, and win the plaudits of a companywhich admires concrete achievement. While all this movement andcolor and glitter catch the eye of the spectators in orchestra and balcony,to one far up in the gallery is vouchsafed now and then a glimpse of asomber line far back upon the stage, onlookers at the gaiety, for themost part excluded from it. Now and then a few of these black-gownedfigures join for a time the other groups, but as a rule they stand a little dejected one must think, in the penumbra by the back drop of the stage.At long intervals the music ceases and the merry players drop to one side,as one of the company of scholars advances to receive a prize or pronounce an oration or to have a Doctor's hood placed upon his shoulders.There is a round of perfunctory applause, the scholar withdraws, theTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEorchestra strikes up an infectious air, and the interrupted performanceis resumed with a zest the keener for the momentary pause. But letthe curtain fall upon this stage lest analogy beguile us too far.In all this you recognize exaggeration and caricature. It is thefashion just now to bewail the decline of student scholarship, to viewwith alarm the neglect of true learning. Books and articles are filledwith indictments of college life. Warning voices are heard on everyside. If all these assertions were true, the effort to give distinction andprestige to scholarship would be a desperate venture. Twenty yearsago I heard a bumptious Harvard graduate announce at a Harvarddinner that excellence in scholarship was at Cambridge even then asocial handicap. To retain the favor of his classmates he declared thathe had been compelled to conceal from them his own high marks. Atthe time this statement was received with derision and indignation.Yet now the assertion might meet with less dissent. Without admittingthe extreme charges of many critics of our colleges, we may perhapsagree with the Yale student who summed the situation up by sayingthat "high standing is no longer a social asset." There are wide variations doubtless between institutions and sections of the country, but onthe whole it must be owned that today the valedictorian, the honor man,the prize winner are relatively, if not absolutely, less heroized by theacademic community than they used to be.Many explanations for this loss of prestige are offered. The mostobvious influence is the relative gain of other types of distinction. Theathlete, the social leader, the college editor, the professional studenthave been increasingly exalted, until they now tend to rise head andshoulders above the mass from which the scholar emerges only slightly-Some observers note the persistence of the old antagonism between thefaculty on the one hand and the students on the other. These groupsare thought of as in a sense opposed to each other, the one exerting anauthority which the other seeks to thwart or to evade. The diligentstudent represents loyalty to the faculty ideal rather than to the lessexacting student standard. Therefore he feels slightly, at least, thedispleasure of his comrades. This seems to be no new thing. J-na deliciously quaint volume entitled Liberal Education, or a PracticalTreatise on the Methods of Acquiring Useful and Politic Learning, published in London in 1789, the author— an Oxford don, Vicesimus Knox,M.A. — thus exhorts the scholar to courage:Yet the fear of the imputation of pedantry has prevented many a young mannot only from displaying but acquiring knowledge. As I wish to remove everyOLD GUIDE FOR NEW TIMES 165obstacle which can impede the aim of the ingenuous student, I cannot help exhortinghim to assume a sufficient degree of courage to despise the ridicule of those whosepraise would be satire. Such is the thought of those unfortunate persons who havelittle taste for any gratification but the coarser pleasures of the senses and who havemalignity enough to wish to reduce others to their own level.Here is a picture of the trodden scholar turning with a vengeance."Whose praise would be satire" is a phrase for the aid and comfort ofthe lowly.Still other ingenious philosophers pretend to discover in the apathyof the student group toward the scholarly type an almost unconsciousprotective instinct by which undergraduates guard against raising thestandard of exaction. This suggests the antagonism of the factoryemployees to those "racers" who under the piece-work system set tooswift a pace. Again the student attitude is interpreted as a protestagainst the narrowness of those who seek intellectual power at theexpense of the social and ethical training which comes from sympathetic contact with the many and varied activities of the student community. Indeed, many a college man grows eloquent as he denouncesthe "grind." This "grind" is a type which once defined becomes analmost inhuman monster, destitute of the very elements of comradeshipand sympathy — a kind of mental mechanism designed solely for turningcourses into A's, scholarships, prizes, and other academic baubles.Once more it is asserted that a student of high scholarship not onlyis too likely to miss the training which social intercourse affords but evenin his mental growth to fail to grasp the true meaning of education. Heworks too often with equal diligence in all subjects. He lacks the courage to slight purely mechanical requirements in order to concentrate hisenergies upon those pursuits which directly further personal growthtoward some important end. There are iconoclasts who go so far asto say that high scholarship is a sign of mental and moral weaknessrather than the opposite, and if the point needs reinforcement one hasonly to insist by way of proof that valedictorians are proverbially futilefolk.Then, too, there are critics who attribute the decline of scholarlydistinction to the failure of the college to define culture in terms whichappeal to the imagination and arouse the ambition of college men andwomen. In the chaos of the curricula, ends and aims seem to havebecome hopelessly confused. Scholarship is thought of too much as anend in itself rather than a means to the realization of some large andgenerous purpose. On the other hand it is asserted, the professionalTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcurricula are definite highways to well-organized forms of service andsocially esteemed careers. Success in the work of the professionalscholar meets with ready praise and recognition, but the arts courses,it is insisted, are so slightly convincing that the winning of distinctionin them arouses little enthusiasm in the student community. Stillother observers, of a more despondent sort, see in the waning glory ofliberal studies only another evidence that a commonplace society fromwithout is rapidly invading the inner life of colleges and universities. Tomen of this sort the democratizing of higher education means little morethan the vulgarizing of a once exclusive academic community whichpreserved the fine traditions of culture and scholarship.Only the other day Robert Grant put into the mouth of one of histypes this speech which expresses this idea to perfection:The young men and young women of the clay on the educational side ? I am outof conceit of them. Well-set-up, athletic, good-looking young fellows — the girls, too,even better looking, and just as good fellows — who do thoroughly and efficiently whatthey set out to do. I'm not quarreling with their brains or their executive ability.It's their appalling ignorance concerning the things which every educated person oughtto know. Have you ever tested them on literature ? They own up to Kipling andStevenson; but what of the rest? Are they intimate — as we were fort}' years ago — ■with their Shakespeare, their Bible, their ancient classics, their Gibbon ? It's not erudition I'm speaking of. I'm not referring to Thomas a Kempis or Sir Thomas More,but to the primary essentials. Intimate, I repeat. Ask, offhand, the average man orwoman of yrour acquaintance under thirty-live, '''What is the story of Jephthah'sdaughter? Where exactly- do y^ou find the lines 'There is a tide in the affairs of menwhich taken at the flood leads on to fortune' ? What do you know of 'Odi profanumvulgus et arceo ' or ' Vixi puellis nuper idoncus' ?" The odds are the}' would be struckdumb; the certainty is (and here's the real tragedy) they wouldn't be troubled if theywere. Ask one of them to recite Lycidas by rote. Now don't tell me, he protested,that poetry is dying out — there's no poetry written nowadays. It's tire old poetryI'm referring to. No, when it comes to civilized social intercourse I find myself out oftouch with the younger generation for the reason that it has ceased to be familiar withand love the things I care about So far as I can see polite learning is beingstrangled to death by science and her foster-child, modern philanthropy — social serviceas they call it nowadays.Whatever the causes, the facts may be softened but not denied. Itis the duty of those who value the ideals of scholarship to conspire in aconscious effort to re-create and to exalt the scholar type. But it willbe said promptly that there is an agency already at hand in the ancientand somewhat honorable society of Phi Beta Kappa. Does a flicker ofamusement, of half-concealed derision, cross the faces of undergraduates ?To many the idea embodied in the name of Phi Beta Kappa seems acurious survival of another age. "Philosophy, the Guide of Life!" OneOLD GUIDE FOR NEW TIMES 167might imagine that the society came down from the centuries of scholasticism, that it was founded by Anselm or Aquinas' or Duns Scotus.Surely a phrase like this has no message for us who live in a scientificage. Philosophy is interesting as a study of men's curious vagaries; itis the name of a university department and is done up in packages calledcourses. But now that psychology has been rescued from its clutchesand been put upon a scientific basis, what need of metaphysics exceptas a study of psychic fossils ? In an age when men control nature anddevote themselves to technical skill, to what purpose do we curiouslyexamine the speculations of men ? No wonder that a scholarship whichclings to an outgrown tradition suffers in the esteem of a practicalgeneration. Then, too, there may have been room for philosophy in anold and meager curriculum. There was, it must be owned, somethingrather fine in the picture of the old-time college president teaching mentaland moral philosophy to the Seniors. But in an era of specializationwhen departments multiply and subdivide, when curricula are crowdedwith electives, what place for philosophy except as a small group ofcourses in a plethoric catalogue ?Yet one suspects that this motto, "Philosophy, the Guide of Life,"has a deeper meaning, that there was something about the old collegewhich has somehow eluded the grasp of modern experts. It may beworth while to ask what there was in the college of an earlier day thatgave it power and efficiency, and further to inquire whether this something in another form may not be preserved or restored in the collegelife of the present.We are told that the modern college is on trial; that its survival isproblematical; that it is likely to be ground away between the nethermillstone of an enlarged secondary education and the upper millstoneof professional and technical training. Many explanations are offered,many remedies proposed. It is declared that college education mustbecome increasingly vocational, that the last year, possibly the last twoyears, must be made distinctly professional in character, while the firsttwo years must include a number of prerequisites which will still furtherincrease the total amount of professional or pre-professional study. It isinsisted that when this comes to pass, all college work will be done withthe zeal which now characterizes law, theological, medical, and engineering students. When once commerce, industry, administration, andeducation have worked out their technique and been added to the established professions, the problem of the college will disappear along withalmost everything for which the college stood.68 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEStill other critics assert from a different point of view that specialization has gone so far that the college can never hope to be what it wasonce — a place of general training for life and its larger responsibilities;it must become a drill-ground for specialists. With the gradual displacing of the old-time teacher by the highly specialized research professoror narrowly trained instructor, the old humanizing influence is fastdisappearing. In this view the college may remain as a form but itstask will be modified and its aim will be of a quite different kind fromthat of its prototype.Again, according to Mr. Birdseye, the college is a badly organizedand inefficiently administered factory. If only a capable business mancould be induced to take it in hand the college might be saved. Unless,however, aid of an efficient sort can be secured the business will soon gointo the hands of a receiver. The raw material is badly worked up, themachinery is not kept in a decent state of efficiency, while the scrapheap grows to an alarming size.Mr. Tufts with clear insight has pointed out that the distinctionbetween cultural and "bread-and-butter" studies has always beensharply drawn in academic circles. The older aristocratic feeling foundexpression in a contrast between liberal studies and merely practicalpursuits. The latter were discredited and suffered from the stigma whichattaches to labor and trade. But the rapid rise of technical trainingand the public demand for experts, the rewards which attend success inthe new professions, have put the older education on the defensive.Culture seems not only vague and of doubtful value but in some measureselfish and aristocratic, while professional efficiency leads to personalsuccess and meets a demand for social service. If all or any of thesethings be true it would seem that scholarly devotion to the liberal arts,loyalty to the humanities, truth for truth's sake — these dreams of otheryears have little recognition in an age which puts a premium on physicalscience and on technical and professional success. And at such a crisiscomes Phi Beta Kappa with its mediaeval motto, " Philosophy, the Guideof Life." There would seem a sort of mockery in the very futility ofthe phrase.But it is time to set our problems in order. It seems clear that theliberal education for which the college has stood, and which it still tot-teringly represents, is in serious danger of being discredited, and largelydisplaced by practical vocational training. Unless it is conceived in anew spirit it will survive merely as a means of aristocratic distinctionfor the sons and daughters of the rich and well-to-do, a form of thatOLD GUIDE FOR NEW TIMES 169conspicuous waste by which according to Veblen the leisure class setsitself off from the vulgar crowd. Liberal culture is fast becoming aluxury rather than a necessity. A glance at certain conventionalantitheses will throw light upon the situation. The humanities are setover against the sciences. The former yield culture, the latter either acold, hard realism or a basis for practical, technical skill. Even withinthe sciences themselves there is a similar distinction between the pure andthe applied. The enlightened protest against these contrasts, but theypersist and have their effect. Another sharp distinction, already mentioned, is that between the humanities and vocational pursuits. Whatever has immediate, economic value is looked down upon ratherdisdainfully by the devotees of the liberal arts who prize detachmentand seek ideal ends. So long as this contrast is insisted upon in thisform, liberal culture is doomed to lose ground. Once more there is a tendency to see in liberal and in practical pursuits an antithesis between pastand present. Here belongs the smart and summary dismissal of "dead"languages and ancient history which are so generally deemed of no valueto the practical man who would know his own times. Then, too, therepersists the contrast between disciplinary and informational pursuits.The old college is still represented as a kind of mental gymnasium inwhich intellectual muscle as such was acquired and later applied at willto any task. In spite of psychologists' criticisms this dogma has a gooddeal of vitality. To the many liberal culture has often seemed to set upa contrast between the reflective and the emotional. In this view theeducated man is coldly intellectual, lacking the sympathy and feelingwhich are supposed to characterize the common citizen. Absurd, evengrotesque, as this idea appears to academic minds it has some influencein fixing the popular estimate of scholarship. Most unfortunate of allis the too prevalent belief that scholarship and culture are inconsistentwith deep concern in the community, that they withdraw their possessors from the common life. No more fatal thing could happen to thescholar and to his fellows.These antitheses are all suggestive. Some of them have a certainvalidity, but they are likely to be misinterpreted. Liberal culture cannot exist in any true sense apart from physical science, vocation, theimmediate present, the emotional side of life, the devotion to the commonweal. The old college was successful in training students for a relativelysimple society. The linguistic, mathematical disciplines were in harmony with the well-defined methods of a few professions, and of a sociallife by no means complex.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBut times have changed and a new world has been created. Taskshave been subdivided, technique developed, old formulae have beenunable to contain the new facts. In the consequent reorganizationsand readjustments, liberal culture of the older type can persist only asit pervades and takes possession of the new life. Liberal education inthe earlier days afforded a fairly unified view of life, a philosophy.Classical studies made students familiar with the old civilization, gavethem a sense of unity in human affairs, provided concrete material formoral judgments, gave points of view for interpreting modern life,opened vistas of aesthetic pleasure. The chief means, however, of preserving some unity in the curriculum was found in the personality ofthe college professor who was not so highly specialized that he darednot venture into other fields. He often occupied several chairs at once.He may have been superficial but he wTas eminently human. He represented a culture that touched many interests in life. Under theseconditions liberal culture rightly exalted the humanities and fused themin a philosophy.It would seem that the function which then remains to the college,if it is to persist, is to stand for and perpetuate under the new conditionsthis ideal of studies as means to life conceived in a large and generousfashion. And for this enterprise, philosophy must be the guide. Philosophy thought of in no narrow, technical sense, but regarded as anattempt to see man in his relation to nature and his fellows, to interpret tothe individual his place in the social order and in the universe, and thusto free him from mere bread-and-butter efficiency, drudgery, narrowness of sympathy and taste, from the commonplace, from superstitiousfear, and sordidness. This it is for which liberal learning and truescholarship must stand.In seeking this end liberal learning may not confine itself to any onegroup of pursuits. It is a spirit and method rather than a definite bodyof knowledge. Vocational training must more and more find place, buteven vocational training may be liberalized, connected with life in anennobling way and itself become not only a means of service and of livelihood but a means of personal culture and idealism. The engineer andthe business man, the lawyer and the doctor need the spirit of liberallearning in order to place in its proper setting and to give true significance to the specialized calling. So, too, liberal culture must bring tothe present that true insight which only a knowledge of the past canafford. Illuminated in this way the present gains new meaning andmakes possible an intelligent glimpse into the future. The scholar freesOLD GUIDE FOR NEW TIMES 171himself from the trammels of today by his power to live in the past andto dream intelligently of the future. Moreover, scholarship guided byphilosophy must gain in sound sentiment and sympathy. The genuinelycultivated man is not he who seeks personal gratification in seclusion,who withdraws himself from the common life, but is he who throughintelligence and co-operation and loyalty is able to share the emotionsof the many while he seeks to steady and guide his fellows toward ahigher plane of living.All the subjects of the curriculum looked at in this way becomehumanities. They have their meaning for the specialists but they havea larger significance. Only as they are organized into a philosophy canthey become the means of genuine culture. It is incumbent then uponthe friends of scholarship to work together to exalt this type. And thisideal scholar must not be the mere pursuer of high marks, nor thedetached and pedantic specialist, nor the complacent inviter of his ownsoul. The true scholar who pursues the humanities, old and new, underthe guidance of philosophy must have wide tolerance and sympathy,must discover in the practical the ideal which gives it dignity, musttransform studies into character, must put personal culture thus achievedat the service of his fellows, must strive ever "to see life steadily andsee it whole."In ancient Athens, Socrates and Plato forced men to think abouttruth and justice, the good and the beautiful. Our modern world cannot save itself by economic efficiency or professional skill or organizedphilanthropy. Without a vision the people perish. May the men andwomen whom today the University sends forth take with them a philosophy of life. May they see their special knowledge and skill in itslarger relations; may they have a vivid sense of the on-sweep of civilization out of the past into the future; may they feel a "oneness withmankind"— an ever larger loyalty to the common life; may they besensitive to the beauty of nature and of art; may they learn to live withserenity and dignity; may they have faith in a divine purpose fromwhich their individual lives gain meaning and inspiration!SCHOLARSHIP OF "ADVANCEDSTANDING" STUDENTS AND OFTHE FRATERNITIESTWO investigations into the comparative scholarship of differentundergraduate groups have recently been completed and are ofconsiderable interest. The first, in the Senior Colleges, was undertakenwith a view to determine three points:i. Are "advanced standing" students characteristically better orworse than students who have received all their college training atChicago ?2. Do students trained under the new marking system characteristically do better or worse than students who began under the old system ?3. Can any indications be found that our administrative machineryis effective in promoting the higher grades of scholarship, or is it efficientmerely in causing students to attain the minimum ?There were in residence in the Winter Quarter 391 "regular" SeniorCollege students, exclusive of so-called "law Seniors" and "medicalSeniors." Of these 391, twenty-three are below the minimum standardin scholarship (two grade points per major taken), the amount of deficiency ranging from one point below to nineteen points below. On theother hand, 77 of the 391 are achieving a grade of B or better. Analyzed,these figures give us the following table:TABLE IShowing Distribution, according to Classes, of Those Deficient and ofThose Who Have Attained B or Better in Residence WorkSenior College Students Who Percentage of Total(3gi) Senior CollegeStudents Percentage of Those(77) Averaging Bor Better in Residence Work underthe New System Percentage of Those(23) Deficient inScholarshipEntered with 3 or more majors36.1615-947.6 30-414-349-3 60.917.4Began under the old markingTook entire course under newmarking system 21.7Total 100. 1 100. 0 IOO. O172STANDING STUDENTS AND FRATERNITIES 173Concerning the method used in arriving at these figures, the followingpoints are to be made:1. Students who received a few majors' (generally one or two)advanced standing credit because of extra work done in high schools, orbecause of outside work having been credited by departmental examiners,are not included in the advanced standing list.2. There were a very few cases where the student had entered underthe old system with advanced standing. It seemed better to count suchstudents but once. They were, accordingly, included in the " advancedstanding class," and excluded from the "old marking system" class.Statistics for but one quarter may be misleading. It is to be said,however, that there are no surface indications that the situation for thispresent quarter is at all unusual. The table in no way gives evidencewhether the general level of marking is low or high. It simply takes thelevel as it exists, and indicates why some students float easily, and whyothers seem to be somewhat water-logged. Assuming that the methodis reasonably satisfactory, and that the figures are accordingly reasonablytypical, four or five things are indicated with considerable clearness:1. Our advanced standing students are contributing far more thantheir number justifies to the "deficient" list. They form only 36.6 percent of the Senior College group, but they constitute 60.9 per cent ofthose deficient. The matter may be not quite as bad as it looks, however.Of these advanced standing students who are deficient, precisely one-halfhave had but one quarter of residence work with us, and in some of thesecases the difficulty inevitably connected with readjustment may explainthe situation.2. The advanced standing students do not offset this rather poorshowing by doing unusually well in the "B or better" class. In thatgroup they just about hold their own. In other words, from the pointof view of the Senior Colleges, the advanced standing students constitutemore of a problem with reference to scholarship than do those who havetaken their entire course at this institution. It has been generallysupposed that advanced standing students are of two main types: (1)the "floaters," who go from one institution to another seeking a quiethaven, and (2) the ambitious, alert, unusual ones who seek greater opportunities, and bring with them superior scholarship. It has generallybeen supposed that they furnish this latter type out of all proportionto their numbers. The present figures do not seem to establish thatsupposition. Apparently, the advanced standing students are very muchlike other people. If they are not sifted in the Junior Colleges (and ofTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEcourse many of them cannot be so sifted because they enter the SenioiColleges direct) the task must be undertaken by the Senior Colleges.3. Those who began under the old marking system show much thesame characteristics as do the advanced standing students. They donot quite hold their own in the "B or better" class, but their bannersare raised high among the deficient.4. Those who have taken their entire course under the new markingsystem show a more satisfactory distribution. They do slightly betterin the "B or better" class than their numbers justify, and they do notcontribute to the deficient class even one-half of their due proportion.Collateral evidence to this same effect comes from a study of the "lav\Seniors." Five such Seniors are deficient, and not one of the livereceived his undergraduate training under the new marking system.Reverting to the "regular" Senior College students, the matter may beput another way: 10.0 per cent of the advanced standing students aredeficient; 8.0 per cent of those who started under the old system aredeficient; 2.7 per cent of those who have been under the new systemexclusively are deficient.5. The table seems to establish fairly clearly that our administration of scholarship is directed at the minimum level. The students whohave been with us their entire course, under the new system, rise to theminimum much better than do those who started under the old system, orthose who have come to us from other institutions.Our own "new system" students do not, however, do strikinglybetter in the "B or better" class. The presumption is strong — if indeedit is not a certainty — that our administration is concentrating its attention on minimum scholarship, and is not giving the care it should to thedevelopment of high-grade scholarship.These figures were gathered by Dean Marshall. A similar investigation was soon after undertaken by Director Judd, of the School of Education. In the College of Education 179 students were considered, ofwhom 58 entered with advanced standing. Of those 58, 19 per centhave averaged B or better; whereas of those who have done all theirwork here, only 16. 1 per cent have averaged B or better. Of theadvanced standing students, 74.1 per cent averaged between B and C;of those who have done all their work here, 62.3 per cent. Of the advanced standing students, 5 . 2 per cent averaged below C ; of those whohave done all their work here, 21 . 1 per cent. Mr. Judd comments:"The extraordinarily large percentage of the 'advanced standingstudents who have high marks is the interesting point, and shows thatSTANDING STUDENTS AND FRATERNITIES 175students who come here for special work (in Education) usually succeedin doing that special work very well The number of failuresamong advanced standing (students in College of Education) is relatively small, as compared with the very large percentages amongadvanced standing Senior College students."It should be added that Mr. Judd's investigation did not include allstudents, but a typical selection, amounting to 27 . 3 per cent of the whole.The apparent discrepancy between the figures from the Senior Collegesand the College of Education may be due in part to this fact; it mightbe due also to the difference in conditions between a professional schooland the ordinary undergraduate body ; and finally, as far as the percentageis concerned, it might be due to less rigid marking in the College of Education. It would be interesting to know whether the marking is lessrigid there.The second investigation was among Junior College men, and concerned the grades of fraternity men and non-fraternity men for theAutumn Quarter. It has long been suspected that the grades of non-fraternity men at the University of Chicago ran somewhat higher thanthose of fraternity members. Moreover, every member of the JuniorCollege administration knows that the Autumn Quarter is particularlyhazardous to the Greeks; pledging, which involves sometimes weeks ofhurry and worry, and the Three-Quarters Club, being destructive toscholarship. Nevertheless, the facts brought out by this investigationwere startling. Briefly, the non-fraternity men averaged almost onefull grade higher than the fraternity men ; and the latter averaged belowC, the minimum grade for steady progress toward a degree!The table published on p. 176 is practically self-explanatory. Everymale student classified in the Junior Colleges and in residence during theAutumn Quarter was counted. They were divided into three groups —non-fraternity men, fraternity men, and pledges. The grades have beenaveraged; the number of conditions, failures, and incompletes are alsogiven separately. An average of C equals two grade points per majortaken.It will be noted that the average grade of the fraternity members andthat of those pledged to fraternities are very close; so that the old Freshman excuse of "strange surroundings" cannot be allowed to apply. Nogeneral comparison of the foregoing figures with the scholarship of preceding years is possible; it maybe said, however, that in the autumn of1910, a total attendance of 506 men incurred 39 conditions and 59 failures,whereas in 191 1, 554 men incurred 75! conditions and 83 failures, amongTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEwThich the 246 members and prospective members of fraternities wereresponsible for, respectively, 41 conditions and 55 failures. In otherwords, an average of two fraternity men out of five were conditioned orfailed in one study in the Autumn Quarter of 191 1.TABLE IIAutumn Quarter, 191 iNo. ofStudents Majors GlatKts Conditions Failures IncompletesAll Junior men Average, C (2.22)Junior fraternity menand pledges ....Average, C— (1.769)Junior fraternitymen 554246120126308 1,517665345*3J9l852 3,3741,176!618558!2,i97l /024i152634§ §355243128 98!5415Average, C- (1.788)Junior fraternitypledges Average, C— (1.748)Junior non-fraternity 3944§Average, C (2.579)What does this betoken ? Leaving the Freshmen out of consideration, if the general average of scholarship among the fraternities remainedquarter after quarter as here shown, in about the end of the third yearthe minimum limit of scholarship would be reached in every case, and allthe fraternity men, by dismissal, would be eliminated from the undergraduate body. Speaking actuarily, the "total expectation of collegelife" before dismissal would be three years. There would be no Seniors.Of course what really happens is that many are dismissed at the end ofthe first year, some even at the end of six months, and those who remainhave a somewhat higher average of scholarship. Even so the mortalityamong fraternity men continues very great. There are chapters in theUniversity which hardly graduate two men a year. The loss to theUniversity is obvious enough; what of the fraternities? If there beanything in "fraternity ideals," surely this situation offers an opportunityto develop them.UNIVERSITY RECORDThe President's Convocation statement.—For several years past the Board ofTrustees has been giving attention to asystem of retiring allowances for theUniversity faculties. In December, 1907,a tentative plan was provisionally approved, but formal action was withheld,pending the assurance of adequatefunds. The gift of the Founder inDecember, 19 10, removed this obstacle,and the Committees on Finance andInvestment and on Instruction andEquipment, acting jointly under direction of the Board, proceeded to a studyof the question. It was obvious that aplan of the kind, contemplating thesetting aside of large amounts of theendowment of the University and involv-mg the interests of many persons for along period to come, necessitated themost deliberate and painstaking consideration. The Committees reportedto the Board on January 30, 191 2, recommending a detailed scheme. This wasconsidered at length, but final actionwas deferred to a later meeting at whichthe committees' report should be a specialorder. Such meeting was held on February 13, 191 2, and after further consideration the plan of the committeesm its final form was approved and wasadopted as a statute of the University,to take effect March 1, 191 2. Thestatute will be printed at an early dateand a copy sent to each member of thefaculties concerned. It is sufficientnow to say that provision is made for aretiring allowance on account of age andon account of disability and for a widow'sallowance. A sum will be set asideannually toward the endowment of thissystem. The total amount which thisendowment must reach will exceed thatsuggested in a late action of the University Senate, and can hardly fallbelow two million dollars.This action of the Board of Trustees,made possible by the munificence of Mr.Rockefeller, marks a significant epoch inthe development of the University.Heretofore each case, whether involvingthe question of age, of disability, or ofwidowhood, has been considered by itself. No serious case has been overlooked, and each has been treated by theBoard on the general lines of the finalplan now in force. But in the absenceof a specific statute and of an adequatefinancial provision for the same, it hasnever been possible for the administration of the University to give, or formembers of the faculties to feel, such anassurance for the future as will hereafter be the case. Thus heretofore theUniversity has practically been underall the burdens of a system of retiringallowances with none of its benefits.Hereafter all can have full knowledge andentire confidence on this vital subject,and that dread which any thoughtfulman must feel for his declining yearsor for his family in case of unforeseencasualty will be finally removed.A System of Retiring Allowances andAllowances for Widows{Adopted by the Board of TrusteesFebruary 13, 1912)(statute) 17. retiring allowances1. Any person in the service of the University and sixty-five years of age who holdsthe position of President of the University,Director or Associate Director of the University Libraries, or University Examiner,and who has been for a period of fifteen yearsin the service of the University, in a rank notlower than Assistant Professor; and any person in the service of the University and sixty-five years of age, who has been, for a period offifteen years in a rank not lower than Assistant Professor, a member of the teaching staffof the Graduate Schools of Arts, Literature,and Science, the Graduate Divinity School,the Law School, or the Colleges, may retirefrom active service, or be retired by theBoard of Trustees on an annual allowanceto be computed as follows:a) For fifteen years service, 40 per cent ofthe average annual salary received during thefive years immediately preceding the time ofretirement.b) For each year of service beyond fifteenyears, 2 per cent of the said average annualsalary.But no annual allowance shall exceed60 per cent of the said average annual salary,nor shall it exceed $3,000.00.A person between sixty-five and seventy177THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEyears of age, eligible to a retiring allowance,may retire, or may be retired by the Boardof Trustees; at the age of seventy years heshall retire, unless the Board of Trusteesspecially continues his service.2. The widow of any person in receiptof, or eligible to, a retiring allowance at thetime of his death, shall be entitled to one-half of the amount of his allowance duringthe period of her widowhood, provided shewas his wife at the time ol" his retirementand had been his wife for not less than tenyears before his death.3. No right or claim under this statute,shall vest in, or accrue to, any person until aretiring allowance shall become due and payable under and in accordance with it; andthe exercise of the right or power of theBoard of Trustees to terminate the service, orreduce the salary, of any person shall not giveto such person any claim or cause of actionhereunder against the University.4. The Board of Trustees reserves theright to suspend the retiring allowance ofany person, who, while in receipt of suchallowance, accepts an appointment on thestaff of any other institution of learning.5. The obligation of the University topay retiring allowances shall be neither greaternor less than its obligation to pay salariesto persons in active service, so that if misfortune should compel a percentage reduction of salaries, retiring allowances may hereduced in the same proportion.6. Nothing in this statute shall precludethe Board from granting other retiring allowances, or allowances on account of disabilityto officers of administration or instruction,or their widows, where the term and character of service, or the special circumstancesof the case make the same appropriate, orfrom adding a term of years to the actualyears of service of a person who enters theservice of the University as an associate professor or of higher rank.7. The Board of Trustees retains the powerto alter this statute, but the alteration shallnot have any effect as to persons of the class orrank mentioned in Art. 1, at the time of suchalteration.The Eighty-second Convocation . — President George Edgar Vincent, of the University of Minnesota, formerly Deanof the Faculties of Arts, Literature, andScience in the University of Chicago, wasthe Convocation orator on March 19,1Q12, his address, which was given inthe Leon Mandel Assembly Hall, beingentitled "An Old Guide for New Times."An unusually large audience gave enthusiastic applause to the characteristic andeffective address which appears in thisissue. The President's Convocation statement with reference to the University's new pension system followed theaddress. The Convocation reception was heldon the evening of March 18 in Hutchinson Hall. In tire receiving line werePresident Harry Pratt Judson and Mrs.Judson; the Convocation orator, President Vincent, who was the special guestof honor; the Convocation preacher,Professor Charles R. Henderson, of theDepartment of Sociology, and Mrs.Henderson; and the Dean of Women,Professor Marion Talbot. There was alarge attendance at the reception. Ofspecial interest to the guests was thenew portrait of Dean Talbot, by Gold-beck, which was hung on the north wallof the Hall nearly opposite the portraitof President Vincent presented by thealumni, students, and members of thefaculties when he was still Dean of theFaculties of the LTiiversity of Chicago.At the Convocation held on March 19,191 2, twenty-three students were electedto membership in Sigma Xi and onestudent to membership in the Beta ofIllinois chapter of Phi Beta Kappa.Fifty-seven students received the titleof Associate; one student, the twoyears' certificate of the College of Education, and live students the degree ofBachelor of Philosophy in Education;five, the degree of Bachelor of Arts;twenty-two, the degree of Bachelor ofPhilosophy; and thirteen, the degree ofBachelor of Science. In the DivinitySchool one student received the degreeof Master of Arts, and two that ofBachelor of Divinity. In the LawSchool eight students received the degreeof Doctor of Law (J.D.). In theGraduate Schools of Arts. Literature, andScience four students received the degreeof Master of Arts; two, that of Masterof Science; and five, that of Doctor ofPhilosophy — making a total of sixty-seven degrees (not including titles andcertificates) conferred by the Universityat the Spring Convocation.The Chicago Orchestral Association. — ■On the afternoon of February 20, in theLeon Mandel Assembly Hall, the Theodore Thomas Orchestra gave the seventhconcert of the season arranged by theUniversity Orchestral Association. Thiswas the fifth program by the Orchestra,two special recitals halving been presentedby the Kneisel String Quartet and theGerman pianist, Wilhelm Bachaus.The program for the afternoon of the20th, consisting of the overture. "Liebes-fnihling," opus 23, of Georg Schumann,UNIVERSITY RECORD 179Dvorak's "New World" symphony, andselections from Acts I, II, and III ofWagner's Tristan und Isolde, was apopular one and was received withenthusiasm by the large audience whichgreets Conductor Stock each time hecomes to the University. The audienceexpressed its especial approval of theLargo movement of the symphony byprolonged applause and demands for anencore.The eighth concert of the season wasa song recital Monday afternoon, Marchn, by the Italian operatic tenor, Ales-sandro Bonci, who sang the last twoseasons with the Chicago Grand OperaCompany. Mr. Bonci selected for hisprogram of the afternoon:Part ISe tu m'ami Giovanni Battista PergolesiII Pensier Joseph HaydnO del mio dolce ardor Christoforo GluckVittoria ! Vittoria ! . . Gian Giacomo CarrissimiAt Dawning Charles W. CadmanAt Parting James H. RogersI Love Thee So Reginald de KovenGrand Aria (from "Matrimonio Segreto")Domenico CimarosaPiano Solo, Overture to "Mignon" -. . ThomasPart IILe desert Felicien DavidColette c. ChaminadeSogno (Manon Lescaut) Jules MassenetAspirazioni MonlefioreAlia Luna Pietro MascagniAria "Ch'Ella mi Creda" from theopera, "La Fanciulla del GoldenWest" PucciniThe audience was the largest of theyear, seventy-five seats having beenplaced on the stage. The singer wasparticularly generous in the matter ofencores. Schubert's "Hark, Hark, theLark!" and "La Donna e Mobile," hisfamous aria from "Rigoletto," beingreceived with especial favor.The last program of the season waspresented by the Theodore ThomasOrchestra Tuesday afternoon, April 9,and was as follows:Overture, "In Italy" GoldmarkSymphony No. 4, E Minor, Opus 98. .BrahmsSiegfried: Siegfried in the Forest WagnerParsifal: Good Friday Spell , WagnerDie Gotterdammerung: Finale WagnerThe Religious Education Association. —At the seventh annual convention of theReligious Education Association, whichclosed its sessions in St. Louis on March 14, President Harry Pratt Judson waselected president of the Association, andMr. Charles L. Hutchinson, of theUniversity Board of Trustees, was electedtreasurer. Among those chosen as directors at large were President Charles R.Van Hise, of the University of Wisconsin,President George E. Vincent, of theUniversity of Minnesota, and MissJane Addams, head of Hull House,Chicago. Dean Shailer Mathews, of theDivinity School, is a member of theexecutive board. Among the speakersrepresenting the University at the convention were Professor Theodore G.Soares, Head of the Department ofPractical Theology, who spoke on"Federation for Religious Leadership";Professor Mathews, who discussed thequestion, "Regarding the Ministry asa Profession, Does the Seminary GiveAdequate Professional Training?" andAssociate Professor Clyde W. Votaw, ofthe Department of New Testament Literature, who considered "The Next StepForward in the Graded Sunday School."The next meeting of the Associationwill be held at Cleveland in 1913.University lecturers in the PhilippineIslands.- — Professor William D. MacClintock, of the Department of English,and Mr. William P. Gorsuch, of the Department of Public Speaking, wererecently appointed, at the request of theBureau of Education of the Islands, togive courses of lectures during the monthsof April and May before the Teacher'sVacation Assembly in Baguio, the summer capital of the Philippines. Theysailed from San Francisco the middle ofMarch, and Mr. Gorsuch, and possiblyMr. MacClintock, will return by wayof Hong Kong, India, and Europe.The Assembly was first held in 1908,and the University at that time wasrepresented by Professor MacClintock,and Associate Professor Frederick Starr,of the Department of Sociology andAnthropology. In 191 1 the University'srepresentatives were Associate ProfessorFrancis W. Shepardson, of the Department of History, and Associate ProfessorJ. Paul Goode, of the Department ofGeography. The Assembly is an annualconvention of American teachers in theIslands, with a combination of featuresfor a teachers' institute and a summersession of a university. Baguio is 150miles north of Manila, on a plateau5,000 feet above the sea, and is of greatTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEimportance as a health resort for Americans living in the lower tropical regions.The Assembly is regarded by the authorities as valuable for bringing togetherteachers living far apart and in an alienenvironment, for social and intellectualintercourse and stimulation.A new volume on "The Historicity ofJesus." — In March there was issued fromthe University of Chicago Press underthis title a volume containing a criticismof the contention that Jesus never lived,a statement of the evidence for hisexistence, and an estimate of his relation to Christianity. The author isAssistant Professor Shirley J. Case, ofthe Department of New TestamentLiterature and Interpretation, who saysin his Preface that the needs of twoclasses of readers have been kept in mind— the general public and students whodesire to consider the question moreclosely. The more technical side of thequestion has been presented in footnotes.The author considers in the first chapterthe historical Jesus of "liberal" theology,and in the second, the mythical Christof radical criticism. In the third andfourth chapters he gives an estimate ofthe negative argument with referenceto its treatment of the traditional evidence and its proposed explanation ofthe origin of Christianity. Chapter Vdiscusses "Pragmatic Phases of PrimitiveTradition," and the following chaptersconsider the Pauline and Gospel evidencefor Jesus' existence, extra-biblical evidence, Jesus as the historical founder ofChristianity, and his significance formodern religion. The book, of 350pages, concludes with indices of subjectsand authors and of Scripture references.Part of the material of the book hasalready appeared in another form in theBiblical World and the American Journalof Theology.At the seventeenth annual meeting ofthe North Central Association of Collegesand Secondary Schools, held at the Auditorium Hotel, Chicago, on March 22-23,President Judson gave an address on theadvisability of shortening the preparatoryschool period for business and professional life. Mr. Judson is president ofthe Association."Characteristics of the AmericanCollege" was the subject of the leadingcontribution in the March issue of theAmherst Monthly, by Professor James H. Tufts. Mr. Tufts is a graduate ofAmherst College.Among the forty-four delegates appointed by the governor of Illinois to thetwelfth annual meeting of the NationalCivic Federation held at Washington,D.C., March 5, 6, and 7 were Mr. A. C.Bartlett, of the University Board ofTrustees; Mr. Donald R. Richberg, ofthe class of '01; Professor ShailerMathews, president of the WesternEconomic Society; and Professor CharlesR. Henderson, secretary of the newlyappointed Chicago Commission on theUnemployed.Scientific Management in the Churchesis the title of a new book issued by theUniversity of Chicago Press, the author.being Dean Shailer Mathews, of theDivinity School. The volume, of sixty-six pages, contains in expanded form apaper presented before the SagamoreBeach Sociological Conference in thesummer of 1911. The author in theForeword says that "The Christian spiritmust be institutionalized if it is to prevail in an age of institutions, and thechurches should be among its mosteffective agencies."Professor Julian W. Mack, of tire LawSchool, Professor William I. Thomas, andAssistant Professor Sophonisba P. Breckinridge were among the speakers at arecent meeting held at Hull Plouse underthe auspices of the Immigrants' Protective League of Chicago.Education with Reference to Sex is thesubject of the Eighth Yearbook of theNational Society for the ScientificStudy of Education, recently issued bythe University of Chicago Press, theauthor being Professor Henderson, whois president of the Chicago Society ofSocial Plygienc. Part 1, of 75 pages,is chiefly medical and economic; Part II,of 100 pages, demonstrates the necessityfor education with reference to sex.Recent contributions by members ofthe Faculties to the journals publishedby the University of Chicago Pressinclude:Angell, Professor James R.: "TheCombination of Certificate and Examination Systems," School Review, March.Freeman, Dr. Frank N.: "GroupedObjects as a Concrete Basis for theNumber Idea," Elementary School Teacher,March.Hoben, Associate Professor Allan:UNIVERSITY RECORD 181»"&? Ethical Value of Organized Play,"Biblical World, March.( Hoxie, Assistant Professor Robert F.:the Socialist Party in the Novemberflections," Journal of Political Economy,Pfeiffer, Dr. Wanda M.: "TheMorphology of Leitneria Floridana"U54th contribution from the Hull^otanical Laboratory), with three plates,Botanical Gazette, March.Recent addresses by members of thefaculties include:Breckinridge, Assistant Professorsophomsba P.: "Domesticity and theBallot," Suffrage League, Chicago, HotelLaSalle, February 25.( Caldwell, Associate Professor Otis W.:leaching of Sex in Science Work inSeventh and Eighth Grades," ChicagoWoman's Club, March 15.Cowles, Associate Professor Henry C:Rambles of a Botanist in Europe"(illustrated), Chicago Academy ofsciences, March 22.u G°ode, Associate Professor J. Paul:uu-v lems of Conservation in thePhilippines " (illustrated), Arche Club,Chicago, March 8.MacMillan, Dr. William D.: "TheUaw of Gravitation" (illustrated), Chicago Hebrew Institute, March 20.Moulton, Associate Professor Forest R.: "The Great Planets," ChicagoHebrew Institute, February 28.Prescott, Professor Henry W.: "TheOld Comedy in Its Relation to the NewComedy," Classical Association of theMiddle West and South, Cincinnati,Ohio, April 12.Schevill, Professor Ferdinand: "ThePapacy of the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century," Lovers of Italy, Chicago,March 20.Shepardson, Associate ProfessorFrancis W. : "Americans in the Philippines," Hyde Park Business Men'sAssociation, Chicago, March 20; "Washington and Modern Life," ChicagoAssociation of Commerce, February 21.Shorey, Professor Paul: "The Spellof Vergil," Classical Association of theMiddle West and South, Cincinnati,Ohio, April 12.Small, Professor Albion W. : addressbefore the University of Wisconsin Clubof Chicago, Grand Pacific Hotel, March15; "Socialism in the Light of SocialScience," Chicago Woman's Club, March18.Smith, Associate Professor Gerald B.:"Systematic Theology" (open lecture onthe Divinity School Curriculum), Haskell Assembly Room, March 12.Starr, Associate Professor Frederick:"The Philippines," Chicago Academy ofSciences, March 15.AFFAIRSElgin Alumni Club. — A definite program of work on behalf of the Universitywas agreed upon by the graduates andformer students residing in Elgin, 111.,who held their first meeting for the purpose of organizing the Elgin AlumniClub on Sunday, February n. Themeeting was called by Beryl Gilbert, '13,Guy McDonald, '15, and Leroy E.Baumann, Ti. About thirty were present and almost fifteen more sent wordthat they wished to be enrolled as chartermembers but were unable to attend thefirst meeting. Organization was effectedwith the following officers:President — L. E. Baumann.Vice-President — George H. Anderson,'08.Secretary-Treasurer — Jessie I. Solomon,'07.In order to make the club contributeto the good of the University, William L.Goble, '01, principal of the high school,Villa Smith, '09, instructor in the highschool, and Mr. Henselmeyer, instructorin Elgin Academy, were selected as acommittee to form plans for giving futuregraduates from the Elgin schools accessto full information concerning the University. The graduating class of thehigh school this spring will be told of theadvantages of studying at the Universityof Chicago.The first social of the club was held onMarch 8 at the home of Dorothy Kohn,at which Chicago songs were sung andyells were rehearsed. Following this adinner occurred on March 26. Fifty werepresent. L. E. Baumann presided, andthe speakers were Miss Dorothy Good-row, Coe Hayne, Professor R. I. White,superintendent of schools, Professor W.L. Goble, principal of the high school,and Professor Nathaniel Butler.The Alumni Council. — The following isan extract from the minutes of theCouncil for the meeting of March 19:The Alumni Council desires to express itssincere appreciation of the conscientious,energetic, and successful work of Mr. HarryHansen, as secretary of the Council. Underhis management the alumni interests havebeen rapidly built up, various new associa tions have been assisted to organize, and ininnumerable ways the spirit of loyalty toAlma Mater has been fostered and advanced.The Council regrets the necessity whichobliges him to give up the position, and extends him its warm wishes in his future work.The Council took decisive steps to enlarge its membership at its regular meeting on February 22. The amendment tothe by-laws offered by Dr. Herbert E.Slaught, Ph.D., '98, a few months ago,giving two additional representatives tothe College Alumni Association, waspassed unanimously. The amendmentwas made with the understanding thatthese two members are to be representatives of the Chicago Alumni Club and theChicago Alumnae Club, thereby givingthese two organizations representation inthe Council. It was found that the clubscould not be given representatives ontheir own account for the reason that theCouncil can increase its membership onlyby adding new associations, while thenumber of delegates from any one association is determined by the Councilitself. The two clubs will be asked toname delegates who will be able to attendthe meetings of the Council regularly.Another change in the by-laws, affecting the time of meeting, was passed uponmotion of the secretary. It specifiesthat regular meetings shall be held eachmonth from October to July, and makesthe first meeting in October the time forthe election of officers, instead of the Junemeeting. The time for meeting is to bethe first Tuesday of the month, unlessotherwise designated. This by-law doesnot make any changes which have notalready been in use. It merely confirmsthe practice of the Council, which foundJune an inopportune time for the annualmeeting.Changes in the conduct of the alumnioffice were discussed, these being broughtup by the resignation of SecretaryHansen. Since the organization of theCouncil in 1909 the secretary has hadcharge of all branches of the alumniwork, including the promotion of theMagazine, directing the activities of thealumni clubs, editing the alumni news inthe Magazine, and having charge of the182AFFAIRS 183address lists of the alumni. On accountof the limited income of the Council it isprobable that the address lists will bemade a part of the files in the Recorder'soffice, and that the work of keeping upcorrections will be turned over to theclerks of that office, under Universitysubsidy, thus giving opportunity for thefrequent overhauling of the lists. It isalso proposed to make new plans for thepromotion of the Magazine subscriptionhst, as the $500 given the Council thelast two years by the University for thisand other office purposes has beenwithdrawn.In his report of the financial conditionof the Council Rudolph E. Schreiber, '06,treasurer, showed that the body was ableto meet all liabilities up to the presenttime.News from the Classes —1868Loren T. Bush, D.B., '71, may beaddressed in care of the General Delivery,Los Angeles, Cal.1871William Josiah Herrick, a lawyer, livesa* 5535 Washington Ave. His twodaughters, Frances, '11, and Alice Lee,are both attending the University.1875Herbert A. Howe is director of theChamberlin Astronomical Observatoryof the University of Denver, located inUniversity Park, Colo.1876Dr. John Edwin Rhodes has movedhis medical offices to the People's GasBuilding, and his residence to 13 58 E.58th St.1877James Langland has been connectedwith the editorial department of theChicago Daily News ever since hisgraduation. The publication of theDaily News Almanac is under hisdirection.1881In the impending Illinois electionsGeorge W. Hall is a candidate underRepublican colors for state representativefrom the Forty-first district. Mr. Hall,who graduated with first honors, hasfollowed the legal profession, and hasmade a successful record, as is evidencedby the strong indorsement given him by the Waukegan Sun, to the effect that"we hope the voters will appreciate theopportunity of voting for a good, clean,able man, and wish we could have morelike him in our state legislature."1886George Eddy Newcomb is an attorney,with offices at 1944 W. Madison St.,telephone, West 1209.189sPaul F. Carpenter, dealer in securitiesand real estate, occupies offices in theConsolidated Realty Building, LosAngeles, Cal.1896Victor O. Johnson, member of thefirm of Johnson & Haddock, lives inShoshone, Idaho.1897Scott Brown is in the law departmentof the Studebaker Bros. ManufacturingCompany, at South Bend, Ind.Fred R. Nichols lives at 237 N. HowardAve.1898F. M. Giles is principal of the DeKalbTownship High School, DeKalb, 111.William T. MacClement, ex, a well-known Canadian educator, at presentprofessor of botany in Queen's College,Kingston, is the author of several textson chemistry and botany, and a frequentcontributor to scientific journals.Paul Mandeville has moved to LakeBluff, 111., the original camp-meetingtown, and now a near-suburb of Chicago.M. Milton Portis occupies medicaloffices in the People's Gas Building.1899Ward A. Cutler of Carthage, 111., whois known throughout the country as anexpert stockman, has been recentlyelected secretary- treasurer of the WesternIllinois Hereford Breeders' Association.Edward Frantz resides at Lordsburg,Cal.Rollin J. Furbeck, ex, resides at 644Everitt St., Portland, Ore.J. H. P. Gauss has taken up his residence in Lewiston, Mont.Rufus M. Reed is in the paint business,corner of 52d and Wallace Sts.1900Lydia Brauns has moved from 331 S.Adams St., to 633 S. Jackson St., GreenBay, Wis. Miss Brauns teaches in thehigh school.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEElizabeth E. Buchanan, a teacher inHyde Park High School, lives at 6noMadison Ave.Grace E. Chandler, living at 375 W.Eighth Ave., Columbus, Ohio, givesmusic lessons.Pearl E. Foltz may be addressed 141N. Gifford St., Elgin, 111.Edwin O. Solenberger has moved to419 S. 15th St., Philadelphia, Pa.Leroy T. Vernon, Washington correspondent of the Chicago Daily News, hasbeen conducting the publicity end ofPresident Taft's campaign. He livesat 2731 Ontario Road, Washington, D.C.Howard Woodhead, Ph.D., '08, hasmoved to 5459 Lexington Ave.IQOIEliot Blackwelder is associate professorof Geology in the University of Wisconsin.Ella L. Fulton holds the position ofDean of Women in the University ofNorth Dakota, located at Grand Forks.Clinton L. Hoy resides in Three Forks,Mont.Russell Lowry, cashier in the AmericanNational Bank of San Francisco, livesat 427 California St., in that city.Florence L. Lyon may be addressed387 Indiana Ave., Kankakee, 111.Donald S. McWilliams (office, 1353First National Bank Building) lives at3961 Lake Ave.Marcia P. Waples of 127 AtkinsonAve., Detroit, is an instructor in the highschools of that city.1 go 2Lees Ballinger, living at Lansing, Mich.,manages the Keokuk Canning Co.A guess of 12,502 marbles in a twelve-gallon glass carboy, when it contained12,505, won a brick bungalow valued at$3,000.00, at the recent clay productsshow, held in the Coliseum. Mrs.Leemon, wife of H. C. Leemon, J.D., '06,made the lucky guess. In addition a$500.00 lot is given. The bungalow is astory and a half, with a living-room,kitchen, and bedroom downstairs, and tworooms and bath upstairs. It was the prizedesign among nearly 700 submitted.Bert Edward Young, ex, head of theDepartment of Romance Languages atVanderbilt University, has been reelected secretary of the Association ofColleges and Preparatory Schools of theSouthern States. TOO.;Mrs. A. B. Fairbank (Lorena King)has moved from Huron to Sioux Falls,S.D.Mrs. N. A. Plerring lives at 347 BrittonAve., Benton Harbor, Mich.Hedwig Loeb lives at 5171 MichiganAve.Mary L. Read, ex, has opened a schoolof mothercraft at 366 West End Ave.,New York, to teach society girls how totake care of babies.1904Edward Ik Brown, ex, is assistant-attorney for the First National Bank.F. R. Darling, superintendent of theWalton, N.Y., High School, may befound at 75 Stockton Ave., Walton.James M. Evans, ex, has assumed theduties of advertising manager of the LozierMotor Company, with headquarters atthe Detroit offices. Mr. Evans is prominent in the advertising fraternity,especially in connection with the automobile industry. He was at one timemanager of the Brush Company, and inthat capacity engineered successfully thefamous trip of the Abernathy kids, andplayed an important part in bringingthrough two Brush runabouts in theGlidden Tour in 1909, when several of thelarge cars failed to finish.Grace Reddy and Ruth Redely, '06,have written a book of music for kindergarten use, entitled /;/ the Land of Play,published by the Gambleized Music Company. The book consists of a cycle ofchildren's songs in three groups first,"Playing Hiawatha"; second, "Playinga Midsummer Night's Dream"; andthird, "Seasons of Play," consisting ofaction songs, one for each holiday in thechild's calendar. The Misses Reddy aremembers of the Sigma Club.Mrs. Charles Sachs (Flora B. Weil)lives at 3523 Charlotte St., Kansas City,Mo.Charles M. Steele may be found at 501Pasadena Apartments, Detroit, Mich.L. G. Yenerich is superintendent ofthe public schools of Yorkville, 111.iq°SEdith Brownell, ex, lives at 503 W.121st St., New York.Byron Moon, ex, advertising managerof the manufactory of "Lion Brand"collars, makes his home in Troy, N.Y.AFFAIRS 185Dean R. Wickes lives at 1201 E. 60thSt.1906Barrett Andrews, ex, is with TheVogue Company in New York City.1907Grace S. T. Barker (home, 21 LakeShore Drive), now at 1035 N. CalvertSt., Baltimore, Md., writes to inquirewhether 1907 is planning for a classreunion in June._ Albert B. Houghton occupies officesm the Germania Building, Milwaukee,Wis.E. A. Lanning is superintendent ofschools in Idaho Springs, Colo., favoritesummer resort of Coach Stagg.Grace Lyman teaches in the WesternCollege for Women, Oxford, Ohio.Henry B. Newman, ex, holds office atNo. 1608, 209 South State St.Theodore C. Pease, whose home is238 S. Kenilworth Ave., Oak Park, 111.,is having letters mailed to him at StateCollege, Pa.Macy D. Rodman is Dean of Milwaukee-Downer Seminary, Milwaukee,Wis.Marion W. Segner teaches English inThroop Polytechnic Institute of Pasadena, Cal.George A. Stephens, A.M., Ph.D.,'10, occupies a chair in the Departmentof Political Economy and Commerce inthe University of Nebraska, Lincoln.J. B. Whidden is in the manufacturingdepartment of the Standard Oil Co., 72W. Adams St. Mr. and Mrs. Whiddenhave laid in a spring stock of seed andgarden implement catalogues, and embarked for a suburban home at 1246Gregory Ave., Wilmette, 111.1908A. M. Boyer is with the AmericanRadiator Co., Birmingham, Ala.Clare C. Hosmer, ex, architect, may befound at 13 13 Wells Building, Milwaukee,Wis. Mr. Hosmer was in the Blackfriarproduction of the King's KalendarKeeper, and designed the cover of theMonthly Maroon, besides having contributed several illustrations to the 1905Cap and Gown.Wilbur Rogers is stationed at Fort D. A.Russell, Wyo., Room 10, Quarters 127._ M. Olga Shakes, living at 336 Wisconsin St., is a teacher in Waller High School.Her home address is Plymouth, Ind. Ida A. Shaver resides at 816 N. StateSt.Fred M. Sisson of the Doolittle Schoollives at 6123 Monroe Ave.1909Clarence L. Clarke, ex, is in the Department of Education in the University ofWashington, Seattle.Harvey E. Meagher, ex, with the Jahn& Oilier Engraving Co!, 552 W. AdamsSt., has been acting as the company'srepresentative in the placing of all the191 2 Cap and Gown work. True toproverb, the annual will soon be out.Mrs. Frank N. Cochens (Myra H.Nugent) is at home at Salida, Colo.,corner Fourth and F Sts.Marguerite Crowe resides in Metropolis, 111.John E. D. (Jack) Meador, ex, is areporter on the New York Herald.Louise C. Norton is teaching at Cush-man Hall, Monson, Mass.Clara A. Rookus has moved from 56Commonwealth Ave. to 2091 W. GrandBlvd., Detroit, Mich.Villa B. Smith is living at 644 EastView, Elgin, 111.G. A. Starring, ex, on the faculty of theCommerce Department of the StateCollege of South Dakota, has beenappointed by Governor Vessey as one ofthe delegates to the National DrainageCongress, which convenes in NewOrleans, April 10 to 13.T. J. Yoe, ex, has been elected superintendent of the city schools at Hamlin,Tex.1910William J. Bogan, principal of LaneTech, lives at 743 Bitter-Sweet Place.Edwin Powell Hubble, Rhodes Scholarat Oxford University, won third placein the weight-throwing event in a dualtrack meet between Oxford and Cambridge universities on March 23, with aheave of 35 ft. 8 in. While attendingChicago, Hubble won C's in basket-balland track. His specialty in track was thehigh jump.Mary Hull has changed her address to834 E. 57th St.Charles E. Janvrin, B.L.S., '11, fromthe New York State Library School(Albany), has recently been appointedlecturer on Departmental Problems andassistant in the Natural History Libraryof the University of Illinois.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEKate Knowles is now living at Mission,Texas.Charles Mason lives at 613 Ellis St.,Peoria, 111.May McClevey, ex, has charge of anovel Practical Plousekeeping Center at222 Ewing Place, which has as its objectthe teaching to children, through practicaldemonstrations, the ideal methods ofhousekeeping.Francis M. Orchard has discontinuedhis advertising work with the ScientificAmerican, and launched into the retailgrocery and meat business at 1527 E.53d St., telephone, Hyde Park 636, underthe firm name of Orchard & Orchard.Although "one of those dreadful middlemen who are robbing the peepul," Orchardstates that his "sleep is not yet disturbedby the mean names they call us."Roberts Bishop Owen, 6329 WoodlawnAve., is pursuing graduate work in theDepartment of Philosophy.Edith S. Reider is superintendent of theCentral Association of Evanston Charities. In token of the success of herwork, Mr. James A. Patten recentlypresented the Association with an automobile.Emma S. Weld may be found at RedLake Falls, Minn.IQIIEdna Allen, residing at n 17 Washington St., Cedar Falls, la., is connected withthe Iowa State Teachers' College.Olive F. Bickell, supervisor of drawingat Park Ridge, 111., is in addition aninstructor at the Prang Saturday morning Art Classes, Harvester Building.Ora E. Cox lives at 613 Broadway,Logansport, Ind.Lola May Kid well has moved to EiwaJo Gakko, Tuknoka, Japan.Oscar C. Lloyd has moved from CreekStand, Ala., to Calico Rock, Ark.Flenry B. Robins may be found at 150S. Divinity Hall.Lemuel F. Smith, formerly on thefaculty of Northwest Normal College,has been made professor of chemistryin the State Normal School, Kalamazoo,Mich.Alfred H. Swan, who has gone to theWest Side for work in Rush, may beaddressed 311 S. Ashland Blvd.1912Elizabeth F. Ayres lives at 144 S.Sacramento Blvd. She will teach. William Bachrach, 3021 Walnut St.,is teaching in the Parker High School.B. H. Cleaver has accepted the pulpitof the Christian Church at Shelbina, Mo.Jennie PL Dancey receives mail at6033 Kimbark Ave.Marie A. Dunne, 119 Hayes Ave., isprincipal, of the Nobel School, corner of41st and Hirsch Sts.Melvin B. Ericson, ex, is assistantcashier of Jevne & Co., grocers, of whichhis father is the head.M. M. Faughender of Burkside, N.C.,has been elected superintendent of thecity schools at Mayfield, Ky.Bena K. Plansen, Box 964, Ellendale,N.D., is head of the normal department ofthe State Normal Industrial School.Wm. Henry Lamborn lives in Highland Park, 111.Emma May Miller will become akindergarten supervisor. She is living at2200 Vine St., Lincoln, Neb.Elizabeth Ida Perrin, at present inBeecher Hall, will leave in June for 128Ann St., Grand Rapids, Mich.Frederick William Rohr lives at 1239LaSalle Ave.Leo C. Schussmann has moved from5730 Jackson Ave., to R.F.D. 27, Plymouth, Wis.H. K. Shearer is a mine expert inBrazil. His mail is being addressedeither at his home in Springfield, Ohio,510 E. Liberty St., or in care of the U.S.Consul, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Lester M. Wheeler, ex, recently passedthe army examinations and has beenappointed second lieutenant in the 21stU.S. Infantry, to be stationed at Vancouver Barracks, Washington. Pie is atpresent undergoing preliminary instruction at Fort Leavenworth, Kan.1913Clara G. Bischoff should be addressed28 W. 94th St., New York City.James Fitzgibbon is attending the University of Pennsylvania, his special workbeing in the Department of Finance andCommerce.Clark C. Heritage who is now atArmour Institute of Technology, hasbeen elected captain of the Armourbasket-ball team for 191 2-13. He is alsomanager of the Armour track team thisspring.Roger D. Long is specializing in agriculture in the University of Maine, Orono.Harvey B. Shick is taking miningAFFAIRS 187engineering at the Michigan School ofMines, Houghton, Mich.Harold Sturdy is at the Universityof Pennsylvania, studying particularlyarchitecture.Engagements. —'05. Elizabeth Wickliffe, ex, daughterof Mrs. M. F. Wickliffe of the CordovaApartment, Washington, D.C., andAlbert H. Pierson, an alumnus of Princeton, and now with the U.S. forestryservice. Following her period of coursesin the University, Miss Wickliffe completed her studies at the Sargent School,Cambridge, Mass.Marriages. — ■'03. Stephen Reid Capps, Jr., Ph.D.,'07, and Isabel Webster on Tuesday,November 21, 191 1, at the KenwoodEvangelistic Church. Mr. Capps is juniorgeologist in the U.S. Geological Survey,with headquarters in Washington, D.C.'07. Lieutenant Carey Herbert Brown,U.S.A., ex, and Walda Turner McLaughlin on December 27, 1911, at the home ofthe bride's parents, Mr. and Mrs. WilliamAllen McLaughlin, 529 Adair Ave.,Zanesville, Ohio. Mr. Brown has forsome time been stationed in Panama.'08. Henry B. Roney and GwenClark, '09, on the evening of March 14,Dr. Charles R. Henderson, A.M., D.B.,'73; D.D., '85, officiating. Mr. Roneyis a member of Psi Upsilon Fraternity,and Miss Clark is an Esoteric.'n. G. W. Bartelmez, Ph.D., andErminie Hollis, daughter of Mr. and Mrs.Henry Hollis, Bermuda, whose Englishancestors settled on the island soon afterWallace W. Atwood, '03, associate professor of general geology at the University of Chicago, was recently appointedby the Geographical Congress held atGeneva, Switzerland, as one of threeother Americans, to membership on theInternational Commission to prepare theAtlas photographique des formes du reliefterrcstre.George M. Calhoun, '1 1, is now instructor in Greek in the University of Texas.Frank E. Robbins, 'n, is assistant inGreek in the University of Chicago. its discovery by Sir George Somers.The ceremony was performed on Saturday, March 30, by the rector, Rev.Lancelot Laud Havard.'12. S. J. Staples and Ella Dee Belsheon December 27, 1911. Mr. Staples isprincipal of the Second Ward School inNew Orleans, La. They are makingtheir home at Lake Charles.Deaths. — •'06. Anne Elizabeth Hillman, ex,daughter of Mrs. Sallie Frazer Hillmanand John Hartwell Hillman, deceased,died at her home, 1083 Shady Ave.,Pittsburgh, Pa., on December 1, afteran illness extending over two years.Miss Hillman was born in Nashville,Tenn. She graduated from the Pennsylvania College for Women with highesthonors and was a graduate of BrynMawr. While in the University she wasdeeply interested in scientific study.Her philanthropic interests brought herinto identification with Calvary Episcopal Church. Miss Hillman was amember of the Allegheny County Committee, Society of the Colonial Dames,and also of the Pittsburgh Chapter,Daughters of the American Revolution.She leaves her mother, a sister, SaraFrazer Hillman; three brothers, J.Hartwell Hillman, Jr., Ernest Hillman,and James F. Hillman, and her grandmother, Mrs. Elizabeth M. Frazer.'06. Walter Graves Baker, ex, law,city attorney of East Moline, 111., diedunexpectedly in December, 1911. Burialwas at the cemetery at Morrison. Mr.Baker was thirty years old. He leaves awidow, his mother, and one brother,Oliver P., of Geddes, S.D.Samuel MacClintock, '08, is managingeditor of a ten-volume series of books onbusiness administration; and is also theauthor of "Refunding the Foreign Debtof Honduras," in the Journal of PoliticalEconomy, March, 191 1; "The Need ofBanking Facilities in Honduras," Bankers'Magazine, March, 191 1; "The MonetarySystem of Honduras," Bankers' Magazine, April, 191 1.Walter F. McCaleb, '96, was recentlyelected president of the Scientific Societyof San Antonio. In the business world,THE ASSOCIATION OF DOCTORS OF PHILOSOPHYTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEalso, he has been elected to the directoratein a number of corporations during thelast month."Conservation of Our Forests" is theaddress which Henry C. Cowles, '98, associate professor of ecology, at the University of Chicago, delivered in connectionwith a symposium on conservation at thefifth annual meeting of the IllinoisAcademy of Science on Saturday, February 24, under the auspices of theMcLean County Academy of Science.Roger M. Jones, Ti, is instructor in theclassics in Tulane University.Katharine E. Dopp, '02, has beenacting on the Chicago Branch of theCollegiate Alumnae as chairman of acommittee which is to co-operate withother local agencies in investigating theeducational and social needs of womenwage- workers.At the annual meeting of the ChicagoAcademy of Sciences held January 9 Dr.Wallace W. Atwood, '03, was re-electedsecretary of the society. He retains alsoby appointment of the Board of Trusteesthe position of acting director of theinstitution.C. Everett Conant, '11, acting associate professor of comparative philology,Indiana University, has been elected tomembership in the Deutsche morgen-landische Gesellschaft and in the Societcasiatique, in recognition of his researchesChanges of address. —L. E. Livermore, '79, to Kissimmee,Fla.R. M. Binder, '97, to 87 Central Ave,East Orange, N.J. Mr. Binder is a member of the faculty of New York University.F. E. Dickinson, '86, to Cherryvale,Kan.E. C. Sage, '82, to office quarters at17 Battery Place, New York City. Mr.Sage lives at New Haven, Conn. He issecretary of the General EducationBoard. He has for some time been active in Indonesian (Malayo-Polynesian) philology.Evan T. Sage, formerly instructor inLatin and Greek in the University ofIdaho, has been appointed instructor inLatin in the University of Washington.George C. Calhoun, 'n, and WilliamA. Heidel, '95, professor of Greek inWesleyan University, Middletown, Conn..are on the Greek teaching staff for theSummer Quarter, 1912.Kate Gordon, '03, is acting as professor of philosophy at Mt. Holyoke Collegefor the second semester.The fourth number of an industrial andsocial history scries, The Early SeaPeople — First Sleps in the Conquest of theWaters, by Katharine E. Dopp, '02. isabout to come from the press. The publishers are Rand, McNally & Co.The Kansas School Magazine is a newjournal just established of which EdgarF. Riley, '06, is the editor.Roy C. Elickinger, '04, had an articleon "The Influence of Local TheatricalConditions upon the Drama of theGreeks" in the Classical Journal, VII, No.1, October, 191 1.On the afternoon of January 19 Dr.Wallace W. Atwood, '03, delivered anaddress before the teachers of LakeCounty, Illinois, on the "GeographicStudy of Alaska."in the affairs of the Eastern AlumniAssociation, having just completed hissecond term as president of that organization .The following alumni were among thespeakers at the recent annual conventionof the Religious Education Associationheld at St. Louis, Mo.: A. E. Wieand;Herbert F. Evans, '07, of St. Louis;Professor Charles F. Kent, of Yale;A. W. Wishart, of Grand Rapids, Mich.,and O. J. Price of Lansing, Mich.Fred Merrifield, '01, SecretaryTHE DIVINITY ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONTHE LETTER-BOXTo the Editor:One of the honored traditions of theold University of Chicago was the celebration by its undergraduates and facultyof Washington's Birthday. The celebration consisted of an informal supper onthe evening of the day. On February 22,191 2, graduates and members of thefaculty of the old institution assembledin the banqueting room of the GrandPacific Hotel in honor of this tradition.Professor Butler presided, and there wereshort addresses by Dr. Charles R. Henderson, class of 1870, Miss Myra Pollard,ex '83, Frank R. Walsh, '86, ProfessorW. L. Burnap, '86, T. M. Hammond, '85,and S. O. Levinson, ex. '87.Those present were:Dr. and Mrs. John Ridlon, '72, Messrs.and Mesdames F. S. Comstock, '79, E.W. Peek, '80, A. J. Lichtstern, '82,T. M. Hammond, '85, R. H. Donnelley,'85, W. L. Burnap, '86, T. R. Weddell, '86,E. A. Buzzell, '86, Herbert S. Goodman,'86, Abram E. Mabie, '87, WandellTopping, '89, J. M. Doud, '89, E. F. Swift.Professor and Mrs. Nathaniel Butler,Professor Lewis Stuart.Messrs. Charles R. Henderson, '70, F.A. Helmer, '78, S. J. Winegar, '82, F. H.Clark, '82, Frank G. Hanchett, '82, JohnE. Cornell, '83, George R. Wright, '83,George W. Walsh, '84, Prof. R. F. Harper,'84, Messrs. John C. Everett, '85, F. J.Walse, '86, A. G. Cooley, '86, E. H. Doud,'87, S. O. Levinson, '87, Dr. DavidProvan, '88.Misses Florence Holbrook, '79, GraceReed, '84, Lydia A. Dexter, '84, MyraPollard, '83, Elizabeth Faulkner, '85,Laura B. Loomis, '87, Julia Tolman, '88,Topping, Fannie Smith, Augusta Stuart,Mrs. Ella F. Googins, '83, Mrs. GertrudeSickle.The meeting was one of unusual interest because it was made the occasionof paying especial honor to ProfessorLewis Stuart, Professor of Latin in theold^ University, and now Professor ofLatin in Lake Forest College. ProfessorStuart is about retiring from active work,and his friends among the students of theold University surprised him with anannouncement that they had secured subscriptions among his former studentssufficient to provide him with an incomeof approximately twelve hundred dollarsfor the rest of his life. As might havebeen expected, Professor Stuart wasoverwhelmed by this altogether unexpected expression of affection. To relieve him from the embarrassment ofhaving to respond immediately, ProfessorBurnap told a number of stories recallingsome personal encounters between Professor Stuart and some of the peoplewho were present at the meeting.E. A. Buzzell, Frank R. Walsh, andT. R. Weddell, all of '86, were especiallyactive in organizing this meeting. Itwas altogether evident that while the oldgray building of the University, whichstood at 34th St. and Cottage GroveAvenue, has passed away, the spirit ofthe old University has not been lost, andthat its old faculty and graduates, likethe Grand Army of the Republic, willkeep alive their own esprit de corps untilthe very end. jt t>To the Editor:I have read your article on "Intercollegiate Athletics," in a recent issue ofthe Magazine, with much interest. Inmy opinion, the principle of amateurismshould be preserved by all means, evenif it is necessary to withdraw from intercollegiate competition in athletics. Ifeel convinced that the exaggerated anddistorted position which athletics nowoccupy in our schools results in seriousharm to the best interests of all concerned.I should like to see activities along thisline confined more and more to gamesand exercises for all students and withinintramural bounds.Very truly yours,Samuel McClintock, '96To the Editor:Referring to the question of intercollegiate athletics as presented in theMarch number of the Magazine, permitme to subscribe in favor of propositionone. I have never had much sympathyfor the principle of amateurism as maintained in our institutions hitherto. Theprinciple is a borrowed one and has no189THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEplace in institutional athletics. Minnesota's position cannot be successfullycontroverted. In my opinion the compromise agreement does not go far enough,but is a step at least in the right direction.The conditions that should determinethe eligibility of college students tocompete in college contests should beresidence and scholarship. Any of thesupposed evils that it may be imaginedwould arise can be easily subjected toregulation by the application of rulesalong this line. No one who has beenobservant of the movements in athleticsin the years past but must realize thatamateurism as a principle is impossible.to adhere to, the perjuries for which it isresponsible regarded as pardonable, andthe ultimate benefits resulting from theapplication of the principle imaginary.Very truly yours,C. H. Gordon, '95To the Editor:Let the poor boy who really needsassistance use his athletic ability in thesummer, and let him not be so dishonored by so doing, called a professional,and forced off the college teams.Yours very truly,Roy D. Keehn, '02 From Salt Lake City:I daresay you know that the biggestpart of our mail out here in the sagebrushis made up of gentle touches; but it issomething to find that one's name isstill on the mailing-list. .... We havean Alumni Club here, and I am its president, but we rarely meet. .... Probably if the talks were about "constitutedauthority," "mutual improvement," andthe like, there would be a larger attendance. But our ignorance of Universityaffairs must be excused, for the Magazineis generally lost in the mails; I rarelyget it Howard P. Kirtley, '00323-24 Boston BuildingFrom the former Editor of the "DailyMaroon":I have just finished your openingeditorial. I only want to say that fearof being considered bumptious must beblamed for not writing my sentimentsabout the Magazine You will getat least one vote on the Conference matter; I have been promising myself forthe last two months to write a shortletter on that situation.Nathaniel Pfeffer, 'iiThe Chicago Evening PostAFFAIRSATHLETICSBasket-ball. — By defeating Illinois 17- 5-9I in the high jump. At Evanston12 on March 5 and Minnesota 27-13 on Captain Davenport was disqualified inMarch 15, Chicago closed her basket- the half-mile run for stepping over theball season third in the. Conference. The pole. He had won the race with ease.final standing was: Fletcher of Northwestern defeatedWon Lost Percentage Menaul in the shot-put, doing 44 ft. 8 in.Purdue 10 o 1 000 Northwestern took first and second m theWisconsin '.'. '.'. ". ,10 o 1 000 dash, the half, the mile, and the two-Chicago ..... 7. . 7 5 .583 mile.Minnesota 6 6 . 500 At the Conference indoor champion-Illinois 4 7 .363 ship meet, held March 30 at Evanston,Indiana 1 8 .111 Chicago took fourth place with 20 points;nJtu' "1 ° t 00° Illinois won with 31: Wisconsin was secondNorthwestern . . . o 8 .000 ^ 2Q> and Nor^estem third with 2x\.The star of the close of the season was Davenport won the half-mile in 2:03!,Goldstein, as Norgren was the star of but was beaten in the quarter by Sandersthe early games. Bell played steadily of Illinois. In the preliminary heat of thethroughout, and Paine, Goettler, and day before he had been severely spikedMolander all did admirable work at times. in the heel by Ackermann of North-Next season, with the loss of only one western, and this affected his running.man (Goldstein) and the addition of Cox and Menaul tied each other forDes Jardins, Stevenson, Vruwink, Ben- second in the high jump; Menaul alsonett, and Gorgas from the Freshmen, the lost the shot-put to Fletcher of North-team should do even better. Norman C. western. Coyle took second in thePaine has been elected captain for 191 2- pole vault, being defeated at 12 ft. by13- Murphy of Illinois.The intra-university championship Baseball. — On account of the inclementwas won by the Sophomores, who de- weather and other disturbing factors,feated the Freshmen in the final game by no line whatever on the baseball team22-19. The winning team was made up was possible by April 1. Of the old men,of Kilner, Waterhouse, Frank, Holm, if they are eligible, G. Roberts andLevy, and Hurwitz. Hruda, pitchers; Steinbrecher, catcher;Track. — Chicago lost to Illinois at Sauer, first base; O. Roberts, secondChicago, March 9, by S2I-33I, and to base; Baird, shortstop; Captain Boyle,Northwestern at Evanston, March 16, third base; and Catron and Teich-by 5°l_35l- This was the first time graeber in the outfield would seem to beNorthwestern had defeated Chicago in nearly sure of places. Harger looks thea track meet. The Illinois Freshmen best of the Sophomores. But ineligi-defeated the Chicago Freshmen 42-22, bility may play havoc. Until the marksand the Chicago Freshmen defeated and the sun are out, nobody can say whatthe Northwestern Freshmen 42-35. sort of nine will be brought forth. Mr.Performances in the Illinois meet were Stagg will be on hand, after an absenceabout as expected, though Menaul did lasting through the Winter Quarter.GENERALDramatics. — The cast for The Pursuit Bell is guard on the basket-ball team,of Portia, the Blackfriar opera to be given Fitzpatrick was captain of the scrubs lastMay 2,3, and 4, has been chosen as follows : fall, Parker has created women's parts inFrederick Case Chester Bell two previous Blackfriar plays. ThomasPortia Frank Parker is leader of the Mandolin Club, MacDuffJosephine J. Elmer Thomas, Jr. and Morse are Sophomores, O'Hara is aMrs. Wilson Frank O'Hara Freshman.Bill Jones Bruce MacDuff rTn '^. ^, ,Phil Jones Milton Morse The Dramatic Club gave two per-Capt. Bunker Horace Fitzpatrick formances of John Galsworthy's Joy and191THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBernard Shaw's Press Cuttings in MandelHall March i and 2. The casts were asfollows :"Joy," a Comedy in Three Acts, byJohn GalsworthyCol. Hope Lander MacClintockMrs. Hope Cornelia BeallMiss Beach Beryl GilbertErnest Frank O'HaraLetty Frances A. RossJoy Winifred CuttingDick Donald L. BreedMaurice Lever Henry C. ShullMrs. Gwyn Alice Lee HerrickRose Emma A. Clark"Press Cuttings," a Topical Sketch, inOne Act, by Bernard ShawMitchcncr Barrett ClarkBalsquith Lander MacClintockThe Orderly Frank ParkerMrs. Banger Alice Lee HerrickLady Corinthia Fanshawe. . .Frances A. RossMrs. Farrell Winifred CuttingOn Friday, March 1, the club entertained at luncheon in Hutchinson, AlissSara Allgood and Mr. Fred O'Donavon,of the Abbey Players. Professors Herrick and Boynton spoke. Thursday.March 21, it entertained at dinner Mr.and Mrs. John Galsworthy, who were inthis country to see the opening of Mr.Galsworthy's play The Pigeon.General. — The seventeenth annual" Senior promenade " was held in BartlettGymnasium on Monday evening, February 39, instead of Wednesday, February21, which was Ash Wednesday. It wasled by Ira M. Davenport with MissAlargaret Sullivan, and Raymond J.Daly with Miss Frances Meigs. Threehundred attended.The annual "President's reception" ofthe Reynolds Club was held on Fridayevening, February 9. One thousandattended. President and Mrs. Judsonreceived in the north room on the secondfloor and members of the faculties, bydepartments, received also in the different parts of the Tower Group. At theelection on Friday, March 1, the following officers of the Reynolds Club werechosen :President Kent ChandlerVice-President Paul M. HunterSecretary M. M. MorseTreasurer J. ParkinsonLibrarian W. If. LymanThe Commercial Club, an organizationaffiliated with the Chicago Association ofCommerce, has been holding everyother Wednesday evening a series of dinners at which some well-known business man addresses the members onbusiness problems. January 31, Mr.Toby Rubovits; February 14, Mr. A. W.Harris, of the Harris Trust and SavingsBank; and February 28, Mr. J. E.MacMurray, president of the Acme SteelGoods Co., spoke. The speaker forMarch 13 was Mr. Julius Rosen wald ofSears Roebuck & Co. The officers of theClub are: President, E. R. tlutton; Vice-President, Donald H. Hollingsworth;Secretary-Treasurer, Harold L. Kramer.Results of the election of StudentCouncillors on February l6 were asfollows: Lower Seniors, Norman C.Paine, Howard B. McLane, Effie M.Hewitt. Upper Juniors, Howell W.Murray, E. A. Shilton. Lower Juniors,John C. Baker, H. Louise Mick. Fourhundred and forty-eight votes in all werepolled. The Council for the Spring Quarter includes the foregoing, and Clark G.Sauer, W. A. Warriner , Adelaide Roe, andRobert W. Baird, Seniors; Donald L.Breed, Junior; Horace Scruby, Sophomore; and Kenneth Coutchie, Freshman.Robert W. Baird is president.At the examinations for the WinterQuarter, forms were circulated forsignature as follows:I believe that an honor sentiment can beestablished in the University of Chicago bythe united effort of the student body. Insigning the following statements, which arethe accepted public expression of such asentiment, I pledge my support to the movement which is now working to establish it,and I recognize my personal responsibilityin carrying it forward. I have received noassistance in this examination. I havegiven no assistance in this examination.Behind the distribution of these slipswas a committee of women, calling itselfThe Honor Sentiment Committee. Itsintention was to work only among thewomen of the University; and in lieuof any formal adoption of an honorsystem, to show that a strong sense ofhonor existed. Mass meetings andannouncements in the Daily Maroonbefore the days of examination haveserved to get the matter before the undergraduate body. 1,200 signed slips werereturned, representing probably 550 ofthe 860 undergraduate women. 267slips were also returned signed by men.It has not been decided whether the sameplan will be used at the June examinations.