• III, NO.6 JULY, 1911Ube Ulni"ersity of '-tbtcago .maga3ineContinuing The University Record, Vol. XIII, and The Chicago Alumni Magazine, Vol. IIEditorsHARRY ARTHUR HANSEN, '09Secretary of the Alumni Council HORACE SPEl\CER FISKEAssistant Recorder of the UniversityVOL. HI. JULY, 1911 No.6TABLE OF CONTENTSFRONTISPIECE: Count Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff, Imperial German Ambassador to theUnited States, Conv.ocation Orator,CONVOCATION ADDRESS: THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE GERMAN EMPIRE. Count JohannHeinrich von Bernstorff, Imperial German Ambassador to the United Stales 261THIE PRE�mEN'f'S CONVOCATION STATEMENT 273ANNUAL PHI BETA KAPPA ADDRESS: CITIZENSHIP. Charles Edward Merriam, Ph.D., Professorof Political Science .275NEW PLANS FOR ENTRANOE AND GRADUATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. JamesRowland Angell, A.M., Professor and Head of the Department of Psychology,' Dean of theFaculties of Arts, Literature, ana Science - 283THE EXHIBIT OF BIBLES IN HASKELL ORIENTAL MUSEUM. Edgar Johnson Goodspeed, Ph.D., '97,D.B., '98, Associate Professor of Biblical and Patristic Greek- 286THE UNIVERSITY RECORD - 287Exercises Conne cted with the Seventy-ninth Convocation 287Degrees Conferred at the Seventy-ninth Convocation - 287Honorary Degrees Conferred at the Seventy-ninth Convocation 288University Representatives in the Western Economic Society 288University Lecturers in the Philippine Islands 289The Danish University Students' Choral Union - 290The Organization of the Otho S. A. Sprague Memorial Institute - 291Open-Air Plays in Scammon Gardens 292Lectures on Recent Developments in Heredity and Evolution 292The Thackeray Centenary - 293The Faculties 294Accessions to the University Libraries during the Spring Quarter, 1911 302THE HOME-tOMING OF CHICAGO MEN. Harry Arthur Hansen, '09, Secretary of the Alumni Council 303THE ANNUAL LUNCH'EON OF THE CHICAGO ALUMNAE CLUB. Hazel Dell Kelly, '08, Secretaryof the Chicago Alumnae Club 312GENERAL ALUMNI ACTIVITIES 314Edward M. Stephenson, '88-Edwin E. Slosson, 'oz-Benjamin C. Allin, ex 'o8-LauraE. W. Benedict, 'oc-s-David M. Robinson, '98-Frank E. Griffin, 'o3-Alumni in Tennis-The Alumni Clubs: Philadelphia; Sioux City; Milwaukee; Oklahoma; Springfield, Mass.THE ASSOCIATION OF DOCTORS OF PHILOSOPHY 316THE LAW SCHOOL ASSOCIATION 317THE DIVINITY ALUMNI ASSOCIATiON - 318THE COLLEGE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION 319The Annual Election-The Newest Alumni-News from the Classes: Engagements;Marriages; Deaths.UNDERGRADUATE LIFE 323Senior Class Exercises-Mr. Rockefeller's Letter-Dramatics- The Blackfriars-Scholar­ships and Prizes.The Magazine is published by The University of Chicago at the UNIVERSITV PRESS, 58th St. and Ellis Ave •• Chicago!Ill., in the months of November, December, January, March, April, and July. 'II The subscription price is $1.00 per year,the price of single copies is 25 cents. 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The pub'Claims for missing numbers should be made within the month following the regular month of publtcatlOn.lishers expect to supply missing numbers free only when they have been lost in transit.Business Correspondence should be addressed to THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, Chicago, Ill.'Communications for the editors should be addressed to them at The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.r894.Entered as second-class matter, October 29,,19°9, at the Post-Office at Chicago, Illinois, under the Act of July 16,COUNT JOHANN HEINRICH VON BERNSTORFFIMPERIAL GERMAN AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED STATESConvocation Orator, June 13, 1911The University of ChicagoMagazineVOLUME III JULY, 1911 NUMBER 6THE FOUNDATIONS OF THEGERMAN EMPIREIBY COUNT JOHANN HEINRICH VON BERNSTORFFImperial German Ambassador to the United StatesI WISH to thank you most sincerely for the privilege of appearingbefore you today and for the splendid reception and warm welcomeextended to me in this beautiful city, which I have had the good fortuneto visit several times with an ever-increasing pleasure. I most highlyappreciate the great honor conferred on me by this University of world­wide fame. It is exceedingly gratifying to me that the degree of Doctorof Laws brings me into lasting connection' with the celebrated Uni­versity of Chicago, which, although one of the youngest of the greatuniversities of the world, has already equaled her older sisters as acenter of light and inspiration to all mankind and in holding up to herstudents the ideals of a high and splendid life. I am well aware thatin conferring such a great honor on me you were less prompted by thewish to recognize my small personal merits than by the desire to expressYour friendship and sympathy for the nation I have the honor to repre­Sent. Such friendship seems especially natural at Chicago, as thisbeautiful city is now the home of a great number of the German settlerswho reached this hospitable country in the course of the last century.These German immigrants have since been Americanized and provedto be very good citizens. They now form a natural bond of an ever­increasing friendship between Germany and the United States. Mostof them left their old homes when the name of Germany lived only inverse and song and the nation was granulated into many politicalI Delivered on the occasion of the Seventy-ninth Convocation of the Universityheld in Hutchinson Court June 13, 19II.261THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEunits. The national development of Germany since those times has beenjust as remarkable as the growth of the United States during the sameperiod. As a world-power the modern young and vigorous GermanEmpire is only forty years old, but it has been built up on the ruins ofthe old empire as a legitimate outcome of long historical development.It is always a misfortune if the moods and passions of a people arepermitted to overthrow the institutions which represent the historicaldevelopment and the expression of the nation's deepest convictions.The greatest statesman Germany has ever produced, who founded ourmodern Empire, saved us from such a misfortune, because he wasimbued with the belief in the old rule that no institution can work wellunless it is the natural product of previous historical development.If we look back two thousand years to the time when the Romansfirst came in contact with the Teutonic race, we find three facts stand­ing out prominently in the national character and the institutions ofour forefathers, facts which have survived the vicissitudes of manyeventful centuries and which, though they sometimes disappeared, standout 'just as clearly in the German Empire of the present day as in theearly ages.While the national unity of the other great European nations wasformed by the blending of various elements, the Germanic race was a­unity from the beginning and remained such till later on divisions werebrought ab�ut by the events of their history. The Germans all claimeddescent from a common ancestor, the terrigenous god Tuisko and hisson Man. They remained the pure race they had been because theynever, like the Gauls and Britons, suffered conquest by the Romans orother nations.The second fact I alluded to is that the Germans, from the beginning,have always had a sovereign as head of their state. No revolution everchanged this system of government, but no German prince or kingof the early ages was an absolute ruler in his land.This leads me to the third fact, which I will state in the words of anAmerican writer: . "The germs of parliamentary institutions are to befound in the forests of ancient Germany. The Roman lawmakersfound in Germany a new theory of the state. The Teuton does notderive law directly from the will of the nation; he claims for himself aninborn right, which the state must protect, but which it does not create,and for which he is ready to fight against the world."When the Germans had overthrown the Roman Empire, theirsovereigns took up an idea which later on proved destructive to theTHE FOUNDATIONS OF THE GERMAN EMPIRE 263natural growth of the nation. I allude to the revival of the imperialidea under the patronage of the church, which for many centuries gaveGermany the name of the Holy Roman Empire, and induced its sover­eigns to aspire to a universal monarchy instead of consolidating theirpower within the limits of their own nationality.We have now come to the time when the feudal system reigned inEurope, correlating with the primitive monetary system of the day,which made paying in kind indispensable. The sovereigns, not beingable to pay otherwise for services rendered to them, did so by endowingtheir nobles with large estates. Such benefices, revocable at pleasurein the beginning, became gradually valid for life and in the end heredi­tary. The nobles received the land, and accepted in return feudal duties.As long as the sovereigns were powerful, as in the times of the Saxon andFranconian emperors, the nobles could not place themselves entirelybeyond their control. In those days Germany was a more compactstate than France. But when the emperors continually let themselvesbecome entangled in wars outside of Germany to maintain their powerin Italy and over the church, they sacrificed their supremacy in theirown country to the phantom of universal monarchy. For the assistancerendered them by the territorial lords they had to add privilege afterprivilege till there remained but feeble restraints on the real power oftheir vassals. Thus the Holy Roman Empire was doomed as a politicalbody to become ill beyond hope of recovery. It was the laughing stockof Europe when Voltaire's witty remark labeled it as ni saint ni romainni Empire.In the meanwhile the more practical French sovereigns had foundedthe unity of their nation by the subjection of their vassals. It was onlyllatural that they now began to prey on the weakness of Germany.Instead of aspiring to a universal monarchy the emperors now had todefend the German frontiers against the encroachments of a powerfullleighbor. The imperial crown, formerly elective and much covetedby the territorial lords, had now become practically hereditary in thehouse of Austria, which had formed a compact, particular state inSouth Germany, but had little power outside of its own estates. Theempire was now, in truth, little more than the house of Austria, with theDrestige which an empty title added and such aid as it could obtainby threats or bargains from other independent members. In the Im­perial Diet, which during the last centuries of the Holy Roman Empirel'esided permanently at Regensburg, all the particular states from theelectorates down to the smallest districts and free cities were represented.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEWithout the consent of this unwieldy Diet the Emperor could not movea soldier except those of his Austrian dominion .. During the religious wars Emperor Ferdinand II made the last at­tempt to reaffirm the imperial power all over Germany. In this case itproved a blessing that he did not succeed, as the triumph of the Imperial­ists would have meant the destruction of religious freedom. Wallen­stein, the great general of the Catholic party, had already subdued allGermany when he was suddenly dismissed by the Emperor at the insti­gation of the Catholic princes, who were apprehensive about the suddengrowth of imperial power. The dismissal of Wallenstein and the inter­vention of Gustavus Adolphus, the great king of Sweden, decided thevictory of the cause of religious freedom. Neither the recall of Wallen­stein nor the death of Gustavus Adolphus could stave off the ultimatedefeat of the imperial idea, and the Thirty Years' War ended with alarge extension of the rights of the particular states, which becamepractically independent and in whose development alone now lay thehope of a better future.The character of these states had in the meanwhile undergone con­siderable change by the introduction of Roman law and the developmentof the modern monetary system.The Roman law introduced a set of rules invented for a differentsociety and hostile to the manly spirit of the German people. Romanmethods of state pushed themselves deeper in the habits of public life.The principle of local self-government expired and the theories of abso­lutism prevailed. The German states became Latinized by the Romanlaw, a development from which England was saved because, in conse­quence of its insular position, it was little disturbed by alien influenceand allowed to obey the law of national growth.'I'he sovereigns of the German particular states were aided in estab­lishing their absolute rule by the modern monetary system, that enabledthem to introduce a paid and permanent soldiery. This developmentdid much harm to many parts of Germany which were ruled by unworthypetty princes, but, on the other hand, it enabled two of the greatestsovereigns who ever graced a German throne to lay the foundations of anew compact state in the North of Germany. The Great Elector andFrederick the Great were the typical representatives of the form ofgovernment which history has ter�ed "enlightened absolutism." Im­bued with a high sense of responsibility, they administered their lands asa trust in a most conscientious manner, and never thought of using theirabsolute power for any other purpose than the unselfish desire to serveTHE FOUNDATIONS OF THE GERMAN EMPIRE 265the interest of their people. No man ever worked harder than Frederickthe Great, who proudly called himself the first servant of the state.These two sovereigns created the state of Prussia, which was able inthe Seven Years' War to stand alone against the whole European con­tinent. When Frederick the Great died, Prussia had become Austria'sequal, and from that time dated what was termed the German dualism.Not very much later the German Empire was entirely overthrown byNapoleon, who tried to weaken Germany forever by endowing the prin­cipalities which had competed for influence and authority in the councilsof the German Empire with sovereign rights and by aggrandizing themat the expense of the two great German powers and of the quite smallones. Napoleon hoped thus to create a balance of power between theparticular states which would prevent Germany from becoming toostrong by preventing it from becoming united. But Napoleon's tyrannyWas so great that he achieved just the contrary. He aroused the dormantGerman national feeling, and Prussia, the German state which he treatedmost harshly, became the chief instrument of his downfall. At the firstopportunity the Prussian people rose like one man to relieve themselvesfrom the French yoke. This was, however, not their only object. The ima­gination of all the students and other men of culture who joined Blucher'sarmy as volunteers was dwelling on the idea of restoring the German Em­pire, unity, and self-government. This idea roused the enthusiasm of the'Volunteers and lived in verse and song till the day of the realization.It was therefore a great disappointment to the nation when at the endof the War of Independence, which in the nobility of its motives is sur­passed by no other in the annals of warfare, ancient or modern, none ofthese objects was attained. National independence was restored, butthe jealousy of Germany's neighbors and the rivalry of the two greatGerman powers prevented any further political progress of the nation.The constitution Germany received was, if possible, worse than it hadbeen before. The particular states having become sovereign states,there was no room for an emperor. The Germanic Confederationcreated by the Congress of Vienna was only an aggregate of communities,and Germany remained granulated into many political units. A Dietwas instituted at Frankfort, consisting of delegates of the several king­doms, principalities, andfree cities. In this congress of envoys from therespective states unanimity of votes was necessary on all importantquestions, so very little resulted from their deliberations. The Austriandelegate presided, and when his views and instructions concurred withthose of his Prussian colleague some work was done, as the smaller states266 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEdid not dare to oppose the two great powers combined. But mostly thedelegates wasted their time in political gossip and intrigue, those of thesmaller states continually trying to prevent the two great powers fromcoming to agreements. The German nation did not take the slightestinterest in these matters and dreaded federal legislation, as the tend­encies of the Frankfort Diet were always reactionary. The atrocitiesof the French Revolution had made continental governments regardparliamentary institutions as a menace to established order. TheGerman governments therefore abhorred the idea of a German Parlia­ment, and even in the particular states parliamentary institutions werevery slowly adopted. The first German Parliament was the result ofthe unrest which swept over Europe in the year I848. The govern­ments did not have the power to oppose the convocation of a Parliamentin Frankfort, where all German states were represented. This Parlia­ment framed a constitution excluding Austria from Germany, _andelected the King of Prussia German Emperor. But the constitutionwas deficient in one of the most essential points. There was no poweravailable to enforce it, as King Frederick William IV of Prussia refusedto do so, a fact which has often been regretted, because Germany mightotherwise have reaped the benefits of national unity twenty years soonerthan it actually did. Frederick William IV was, however, far too con­servative to accept the imperial crown from a Parliament against thewill of the other German sovereigns and to go to war with them andAustria to defend his claim to the imperial crown. He was, as he onceobserved, no Frederick the Great, and he had not yet a Bismarck to advisehim. So the hopes of the German nation were again disappointed, andthe constitution of the Germanic Confederation continued to be theonly link between the particular states. But the great statesman whowas selected by destiny to reunite the German nation and to regainfor it the position in the world to which it has a right by its numbers andqualities had as a young man closely followed the sad development ofthese last years. He had learned that, if Prussia wished to reunite Ger ..many, this object could be achieved only by war. Events had provedthat Austriaand Prussia could not both be included in the future GermanEmpire. Prussia, as a purely German state, could not be excluded,while Austria had by its historical development been led to expand alongthe Danube and to outgrow the limits of the German nationality. AI ..though Austria's greatest political interests now lay outside of Germanyit could not he expected that the house of Hapsburg would waive its oldclaim to the imperial crown of Germany without being forced to do SOTHE FOUNDATIONS OF THE GERMAN EMPIRE 267on the battlefield. Likewise the particular German states were notprepared to relinquish their sovereign rights, which Napoleon had giventhem with the intention of preventing the creation of an efficient Germanunity. When Bismarck was appointed prime minister by King William Iof Prussia he proposed reforms of the constitution of the GermanicConfederation, but without result. Consequently the relations betweenPrussia and Austria became more and more strained. The last reformBismarck proposed, before the inevitable war began, aimed at the con­vocation of a German Parliament elected by manhood suffrage, as ithad been provided for by the constitution of 1848.I need not speak of the brilliancy of the execution and the sudden­ness of the results of the campaign of 1866. With a moderation on thepart of victorious Prussia hitherto unknown in history, peace was con­cluded after a few weeks. Austria was only obliged to sever its linkswith .Germany and to allow Prussia to reconstitute the rest of Germanyas a federal state. To show moderation in the season and high tide ofSuccess is one of the surest characteristics of a great statesman, andBismarck reaped the fruits of this moderation when, only a few yearslater, he was able to renew the old bonds of friendship with Austria,which are now closer than ever before.German unity would now have been restored if Napoleon III hadnot intervened. Bismarck did not wish to risk a second war before hav­ing made peace with Austria and having reorganized Germany, so heyielded to the French pressure, and South Germany had in consequenceto remain outside of the North German Confederation, which was nowcreated. The river Main formed the frontier between north and southGermany. This French intervention, however, made war with FranceSooner or later inevitable. The German people could not forever sacri­fice their desire for national unity to foreign wishes. So another vic­torious campaign was necessary before the German Empire could bere-established, King William I of Prussia now accepted for himselfand his descendants the title of German Emperor, which was offered tohim by the German sovereigns and the German Parliament.In framing the constitution of the empire Bismarck showed the samestatesmanlike moderation as in his conduct of foreign affairs, and sogained the confidence of the governments of the particular states. Whileaiming at the establishment of a durable central power, he paid thenecessary regard to the existing centrifugal forces. He left to theparticular states a sphere of action wide enough to satisfy the deep­rooted local sentiment and yet not so wide as to imperil national unity.268 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEBismarck had in I866 submitted the draft of the constitution to the NorthGerman Parliament. He acted in the same way in I87!. After havingundergone some minor changes the constitution was adopted by the firstImperial Parliament as the supreme law of the nation, and has since wonthe respect of our people because it has its roots deep in the past. Manyof you, ladies and gentlemen, will have read Alexis de Tocqueville'scelebrated book La democratic en Amerique, in which he expresses theopinion that the government of every country should be centralizedand administration decentralized. In general this is the principle onwhich Bismarck and his legal advisers framed the German constitution.Under it the particular states have become great self-governing bodies,after having had finally to renounce their sovereignty and having becomesubject to the federal authority, of which they, however, are a factorthrough the medium of the Federal Council, as I will explain later.Some authorities on German public law hold that the particularstates still retain their sovereignty. The contrary seems to me to beunmistakably proved by the fact that the chief rights of sovereigntyhave been taken from the particular states; so especially the right tothe undisturbed use of their forces and the independent right to definethe limits of their competence. Any matter can by a law of the empirebe withdrawn from the competence of the particular states. It is ageneral principle of the constitution that the states retain all powers notactually taken from them, but, with the exception of a few rightsspecially reserved to the largest states, there is nothing to preventthe empire from extending the limits of its competence.The sovereigns of the particular states, however, retain the rank andall rights of their exalted position, and the political rights of the statesare safeguarded by the fact that they share in the sovereignty of theempire by being represented in the Federal Council, of which I willspeak later on.The unity of the nations was restored by Article 3 of the constitution,which sets forth that a uniform citizenship applies to the whole of Ger­many, with the consequence that a citizen of each federal state is to betreated in every other federal state as a native. This provision and thecommon material interests have drawn the citizens of the several statesso close together and intermixed them so much that the unity of thenation is now forever assured. The North and South of Germany aremarked out by some differences, especially the religious one, but theseare gradually diminishing in importance. The North has more of thevigorous and practical intelligence, the South more of the poetic andTHE FOUNDATIONS OF THE GERMAN EMPIRE 269artistic feeling, which explains the historical fact that the political leader­ship of the nation fell to the share of the North.The sphere of the national government is defined in Article 4. Thechief of these national matters are: all questions relating to citizenship,immigration and colonies, commerce, foreign and domestic, importduties and taxation for the purposes of the imperial government, cur­rency, weights and measures, the banking system, copyright and patents,foreign and consular affairs, the railway system, the traffic on the rivers,the post-office, army and navy, legislation on private law, civil and crim­inal, and on the judicial proceedings, and the control of the press andassociations.To deal with these matters a national government was constituted,of which I will try to give a brief description in following the familiarlines of the Constitution of the United States. For drawing this parallelI claim the authority of one of your most eminent historians, who hadmuch sympathy with German habits of thought and life. GeorgeBancroft has said: "German institutions and ours most nearly resembleeach other. Germany has taken the federative system from us."All legislative powers are vested in the Federal Council and the Im­perial Parliament. For an imperial law the agreement of the majorityof the Federal Council and the Imperial Parliament is requisite andsufficient. Imperial measures after passing the Federal Council and theImperial Parliament must obtain the sanction of the Emperor and becountersigned by the Imperial Chancellor, but the Emperor has no veto.'the Federal Council consists of delegates of the several kingdoms, prin­cipalities, and free cities. Each of the twenty-five states votes as aWhole, though the number of their votes is proportioned to their popula­tion. The Federal Council is presided over by the Imperial Chancellor,Who, as Prime Minister of Prussia, is the first delegate of the leadingkingdom. The spirit of moderation and reverence for historical develop­rnent which prompted Bismarck in framing the constitution is particularlymanifested in the fact that the Federal Council is an improved copy ofthe Frankfort Diet. As you, ladies and gentlemen, will remember, thelatter institution did not work, because the states of the GermanicConfederation were sovereign states and in consequence unanimity ofvotes was requisite for every important measure. The system of deci­sion by majority had to he introduced, and this made it necessary thatthe particular states should be represented in the Federal Council inproportion to their respective population, This principle strictlyadopted would have been inconsistent with the federative system,270 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEbecause Prussia would continually have commanded the majority of theFederal Council, as the Prussian citizens alone form the majority of theGerman population. Consequently a compromise was adopted, accord­ing to which Prussia has I7 votes, Bavaria 6, Wurttemberg and Saxonyeach 4, and so on, the smallest principalities and free cities each havingone vote. This distribution of votes is of special importance withregard to Article 78 of the constitution, which sets forth that the con­stitution can be amended by imperial legislation; that, however, sug­gested amendments are to be regarded as having failed if I4 votes in theFederal Council have been given against their adoption. Accordingto this provision of the constitution, Prussia can prevent any amend­ment of the constitution encroaching on the powers of the empire, andthe combined votes of Bavaria, Saxony, and Wurttemberg suffice toprevent the empire from encroaching on the powers left with the states.Thus the constitution has established a convenient balance of powerbetween the centripetal and centrifugal forces at work in the country.The Federal Council is also a supreme administrative and consulta­tive board, and as such has nine standing committees.The Imperial Parliament is elected by manhood. suffrage and byballot. It contains 397 members and can be dissolved by the FederalCouncil with consent of the Emperor. The members are elected forfive years. The Parliament has the same right to initiate bills as theFederal Council.The revenue and expenditures of the empire must annually be esti­mated and presented in the imperial budget, which becomes a law afterhaving been adopted by the Federal Council and the Imperial Parlia­ment.In proceeding to examine the executive power, which is in the handsof the Emperor, we must bear in mind that all ordinary powers of in­ternal government remain vested in the several states.The Emperor represents the empire internationally, declares war,concludes peace, and enters into alliances and treaties with foreignpowers. He appoints and receives ambassad�rs. For a declaration ofwar the consent of the Federal Council is required, unless an attack hasbeen made upon German territory. The Emperor is the commander-in­chief of the army and navy. He convokes, opens, adjourns, and closesthe Federal Council and the Imperial Parliament; the former must,however, be convoked whenever one-third of the votes demand it. TheEmperor promulgates the iaws and superintends their execution, but, asI mentioned before, he has no veto. 'The Emperor appoints all imperialTHE FOUNDATIONS OF THE GERMAN EMPIRE 27Iofficials, including the Chancellor, who is the only responsible ministerof the empire. For the several branches of the administration imperialoffices have been created, which, however, are all under the authorityof the Chancellor. The heads of these offices have the title Secretary ofState. They do not form a cabinet and are regarded as deputies of theChancellor. The most important of these executive departments arethe Foreign Office, the Home Office, the Colonial Office, the NavalOffice, and the Treasury.The former American Ambassador in Berlin, Mr. Andrew D. White,in an excellent essay on Bismarck wrote the following words: "Naturallyin his constitution-building, "Bismarck saw the need of continuity inpolicy, and to this end he adopted an ideal apparently American rather. than European; for he avoided that imitation of English ministerialresponsibility which has cost so many continental states so dear. Heretained in the constitution the power of dissolving Parliament, butwithout requiring any accompanying dissolution of a ministry; as aresult he sat serene at the head of German affairs and saw some fortydifferent ministries win, waste and lose power in the French Republic."Accordingly the Imperial Chancellor cannot be dismissed from hispost by any parliamentary vote of want of confidence. He is appointedby the Emperor and can be dismissed only by him. Nevertheless it isobvious that the Chancellor cannot remain at his post for any length oftime if he does not command a majority in the Imperial Parliament,because nearly all bills are prepared by the Chancellor and his secre­taries of state and brought in by them after having been adopted by theFederal Council. If the Imperial Parliament rejects the budget or otherimportant bills, the Chancellor can propose to the Federal Council andthe Emperor to dissolve Parliament. If, however, such an appeal tothe people should fail and the new Parliament again reject the bill atissue, a deadlock would ensue, which might stop the machinery of theadministration, and which could be overcome only by the Emperorappointing another Chancellor. Such a deadlock has never yet occurred,as parliamentary difficulties were always overcome by a successfulappeal to the people, by compromise, or by the resignation of the Chan­cellor, as in the case of Prince BUlow.As the Chancellor is responsible to Parliament for imperial measures,he cannot allege as a defense for an act of his the command of the Em­peror. If he receives an order of which he disapproves he ought to resign.Of the judiciary I need say little, because the constitution left thislllatter to be regulated by imperial legislation, and because, with theTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEexception of the Supreme Court of the Empire, all courts are statecourts. The appointment of the judges as well as their practice mustconform to the Judicature Acts of I877 and I878, which regulated theadministration of justice throughout the empire. The judges of theSupreme Court of Appeal, the seat of which is at Leipzig, are appointedby the Emperor on presentation by the Federal Council.Ladies and gentlemen, I will refrain from going into more details,as I am afraid of encroaching on your patience. I mentioned before thatthe constitution of the empire has won the respect of our people chieflybecause it has its roots deep in the past. I should now only like to say a fewmore words about the forces at work under the constitution. Americansare in general inclined to think that the Emperor practically wieldsautocratic power, which, as you, ladies and gentlemen, will have seentoday, is not at all the case. If the authority of the Emperor seems to begreater than it really is under the constitution of the empire, this ispartly explained by the fact that the Emperor is at the same time thesovereign of Prussia, the most powerful state of the empire. Moreover,the house of Hohenzollern has in the course of Germany's eventfulhistory rendered such distinguished services to the country that theEmperor retains a very great moral influence over the people. Andlast, not least, we are fortunate enough to have a sovereign whose strik­ing personality has obtained a hold on the imagination not only of ourown people but also of the whole world.The Imperial Parliament has not gained so much political influenceas it might have done, because it is split up in so many parties that it isvery difficult to form a compact majority for any length of time. N ever­theless the Imperial Parliament has done very good work, especially inpromoting the unity of the nation. If some of the many political partiescould make up their mind to sink minor differences and to combine inlarge parties, the Imperial Parliament and the democratic forces repre­sented in it would quickly gain an increasing political influence.THE PRESIDENT'S CONVOCATIONSTATEMENT IONE of the most interesting and important events in Chicago hasbeen the recent 'establishment of the Otho S. A. Sprague MemorialInstitute of this city. The great fund left by the beneficence of Mr.Sprague is to be used for the advancement of human welfare. Thedirectors have wisely decided to devote a. large part of the income tomedical research. It is another evidence of sound judgment that thedirectors are planning not to use the funds to erect buildings, but toavail themselves of existing agencies for carrying out their importantpurposes, To this end the Board of Trustees of the University ofChicago has consented to the appointment of Associate Professor HarryGideon Wells, of the Department of Pathology, to the directorship ofthe medical work of the Institute. Dr. Wells will retain his position inthe University, and will carryon the work with the co-operation of theresources of the Presbyterian Hospital, of the Rush Medical College, ofthe University of Chicago, and of the Children's Memorial Hospital.This co-operation will certainly enable the funds of the Institute to beused to the largest advantage, and all will earnestly hope and sincerelybelieve that results may come for the benefit of humanity.2. Miss Helen Culver has presented the University with a bronzebust of Mr. Charles J. Hull, in whose name the fund was given for theHull Biological Laboratories. This bust will be a valued addition to theHull Group. .3. By the will of the late Geheimrat A. B. Meyer, director of the RoyalZoological and Ethnological Museums in Dresden, Saxony, books fromhis library of which he was himself the author are given to the librariesof the University of Chicago. By the courtesy of Professor HugoMtmsterberg, director of the Amerika Institut in Berlin, this bequestis made available in some eighty-eight volumes which will be added toOur collections. Director Meyer visited the University some yearsago, and this gift in his will is an instance of the great interest which hetook while here in the development of education and science in the newWorld. It is another interesting link to bind German scholarship to thatof the United States.I Presented on the occasion of the Seventy-ninth Convocation of the University,held in Hutchinson Court June 13, 19II.273THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE4. The members of the Holland Society in . Chicago and others of theNetherlands nationality have long been desiring the establishment of achair of Dutch history, art, and institutions in the University of Chicago.To that end these gentlemen have raised a fund of $2,000 which shallbe used to establish a lectureship in Dutch institutions for the comingtwo years in the University. This gift has been accepted by the Boardof Trustees from the generous donors, and the lectureship will be estab­lished, beginning with the Autumn Quarter next. The University highlyappreciates the generosity of our Dutch fellow-citizens, and rejoices inthis beginning of what it is hoped will be a considerable addition to itsresources in this extremely interesting field.5. At the December Convocation I had the pleasure of announcingan important gift of Napoleana.from Mrs. Erskine M. Phelps of this city,which was presented on behalf of Mrs. Phelps by the Rev. Dr. Frank W.Gunsaulus. I have now the pleasure of announcing a gift from Dr.Gunsaulus himself in the shape of his extraordinary and important col­lection of Japanese sword furnishings. These articles afford importantmaterial for the. study of Japanese art and of Japanese history, and areaccompanied by a valuable collection of catalogues. The collectionwill be made available for the present in the Harper Memorial Library,where it is the desire of Dr. Gunsaulus that it should be kept for a time intoken of his friendship for the late President Harper. It is believed thatthis most interesting gift, whose value I shall not attempt to measure inthousands of dollars, but which is far greater in the devotion and thoroughscholarship which has brought it together, will be the foundation of anextensive Japanese museum, and will lead to a wider interest on the partof all our people in a thorough study of that great country. It may beadded that Miss Helen Gunsaulus, who has given untiring and scholarlyattention to the cataloguing of this collection, will herself be appointedCurator on behalf of the University. The University extends its cordialthanks to Dr. Gunsaulus for this generous gift, which is only one moreinstance of his unselfish interest in the advancement of art and science,and especially in the development of our University.CITIZENSHIpIBY CHARLES EDWARD MERRIAM, PH.D.Professor of Political ScienceFOR many years most men were subjects and only a few werecitizens. Citizenship was a right greatly prized by those whoWere fortunate enough to obtain it. Its possession differentiated theOwner sharply from the subject or the slave, and gave him a civil dig­nity and material privileges of great importance. Challenged by thefamous protest of St. Paul, the centurion said to the captain: "Takeheed what thou doest, for this man is a Roman." "And the chiefcaptain also was afraid, after he knew that he was a Roman, and becausehe had bound him."Restrictions upon citizenship were gradually broken down in thecourse of time. In our day, the mingling of races and the developmentof democracy have combined to expand the narrow limits that onceencompassed citizenship, and have made it practically inclusive of allpersons living within the territorial limits of a state. Citizenship iseasy to cast off and easy to acquire, among the western nations at least.Birth has ceased to be the main door to citizenship, and the distinctionbetween citizen and subject has been swept away by the democratictide.The ease with which citizenship is obtained and the universal pos­session of it have destroyed the exclusive characteristics which it oncepossessed. There is danger that the duties and obligations of citizen­ship will be neglected or despised. When citizenship was something tobe "bought with a great price," the incidents of the new relation werecarefully weighed and considered. When it comes without effort andto practically all, it is plain that its advantages and obligations are lesslikely to be the subject of serious consideration.The original and primary duty of the citizen was military in nature.It included the defense of the state against its external enemies, and pro­tection by the state for the citizen. He must take up arms, if need be,for the protection of the community, and he must be willing to sacrificelimb and life in defense of his state. He was an active or a potentialsoldier.I The annual Phi Beta Kappa address, delivered before the Beta of Illinois Chap­ter of Phi Beta Kappa in the Leon Mandel Assembly Hall June 13, 19II.275THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEThese military qualities of early citizenship have survived withoutloss of force or vigor. The modern citizen is as good a soldier as hisearly prototype. He is as willing to go to war as ever. However stronglywe may be of the opinion that war is unnecessary and undesirable, theresponse to the demand of the state for military aid from its citizens isanswered as promptly and effectively as ever. Notwithstanding theteachings of Tolstoi and the deliberations at The Hague, the flame ofmilitary ardor burns as brightly as ever, The tremendous. sacrifice inthe Civil War and the readiness for sacrifice in the recent Spanish waroffer ample evidence of this.In face of the danger of group destruction the group will displaythe early virtues of self-defense. Men are as willing as ever to pay"the last full measure of devotion"-whether in fever-infested campsor "breasting the iron storms of war" upon the field of battle. Andwhile ,everyone hopes that the day may come" when the war drum throbsno longer and the battle flags are furled," until that day the warlikequalities will be fostered and preserved and honored. The soldier sideof the citizen must last while soldierly duties remain.Within the last generation the burden of citizenship has, in manyinstances, proved too heavy for its bearers. The rapid increase inpopulation, the migratory tendencies of the population, the swift andconfusing changes in the forms of industrial organization have producedsituations in which the obligations of citizenship have been greater thanever before. We need not say that there has been a decline in civicvirtue, but it is clear that new conditions demand different standardsand these have not been understood or met.Corruption on a huge scale and widespread misgovernment and mal­administration have been the product of the new conditions. Organizedpolitical dishonesty on a large and liberal plan is a recognized fact inAmerican political life. Bands of political pirates capture cities, countiesand states, plundering and levying tribute like their predecessors. Nowit is some political panderer laying his tribute upon the denizens of theunderworld; now it is some contractor fleecing a willing representativeof the public; now it is some great corporation corrupting the foundationsof law and justice. No man has ever been bold enough to estimatethe total annual revenue' from political corruption, but the sum, ifknown, would rank grafting among the most profitable of our extractiveindustries.Future historians will look back with amazement and amusementupon a state of political affairs in which organized plunderers played soCITIZENSHIPnotorious and shameless a part. Before the judgment seat of historyWhat a searching examination will be made of the Vice Trust, the Jack­pot, Fund W, and other survivals of political barbarism. Some day thetnasks and the veils will be torn aside, and the hidden motives broughtto light-the secret alliances and affiliations made plain.It is not my intention, however, to enter into a description of all orany of the leading types of political pathology. Evidence is spreadbefore you daily, and there is more to be found with very little digging.I can merely present a few considerations on the attitude of citizenstoward what is generally recognized as a prevailing condition.The fact is that the new obligations incident to citizenship are notfully realized. Men who are entirely willing to suffer and die for theircountry in war are unwilling to serve it in times of peace or remain indif­ferent because they do not see the connection between effort and effectin public affairs as, in military matters. The action of the bullet, thebayonet, or the sword is direct and perceptible. The citizen's part inmolding public opinion is difficult to trace, although none the less power­ful in its effect. If the great struggle for. self-government could bedramatized and presented as vividly as the scenes of war, the result wouldbe different. The poet, the painter, the novelist, the historian, themusician have portrayed the conflicts of war in masterpieces that areilnmortal. But song and story have not yet described the civic strugglein times of peace. The material is' available, but has not yet beenemployed. Judge Lindsay's Jungle is the nearest approach to it, andCertainly his description of encounters with the Beast lack nothing ofdramatic interest and power. We still think of liberty as won chieflyon the battlefleld; of human rights as protected mainly by the sword;of free institutions as if maintained by the arm of the soldier. Thequiet process by which thousands of citizens formulate public opinionand provide for its execution are by no means so picturesque or by no:means so attractive as the world-famed scenes of military clash andConflict.Men to whom cowardice' on the field of battle would be detestable:may be routed by a sneer in civic affairs. Men to whom desertion froman army would be a crime unspeakable, without perceiving it willabandon their plain duty in the face of critical civic occasions. Andthis is inevitable in a transition stage where we pass from an era largely,Or in great part, military in its activities, to an era wholly, or largely,industrial in its character. A great element of difficulty in our presentSituation lies in transferring the old types of military enthusiasm toTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEnew conditions. The citizen has the spirit and virtue of the soldier,but he does not see clearly how to apply these qualities or the necessityof applying them to political and social conditions.The sense of civic as well as military obligation to public service isnot always clearly understood. We often hear the phrase, "A publicoffice is a public trust." It is no less true that citizenship itself is equallya trust and every citizen is a trustee. In a peculiar sense the officialis a trustee for the public, but the voter is also a trustee, and the citizen,whether a voter or not, is also a trustee.The great heritage of free government is handed down to every citizen,as well as to officials, in trust. The. principles and practices that con­stitute our political system as a result of centuries of growth are in thecare of everyone who lives under them. No man can escape his responsi­bility for his part in passing on our institutions to the following generation.Nor can he impose it upon any other man. Self-government meansjust what it says. It involves political interest and action on the partof those who are included in the jurisdiction of the government. Where­ever the individuals who constitute a commonwealth find that the task ofattending to their own political affairs is too difficult or irksome, or dis­cover other occupation more pleasant or more profitable, then others takeup the task, and self-government actually, if not in form, ceases to exist.The greatest grafter is the citizen, who, whether rich or poor, educatedor illiterate, claims and exercises all the rights and privileges of citizen­ship in a self-governing community, but will assume none of its obliga­tions. Witness the man who will not register for fear his name may bedrawn as a juror; the man who will not vote; the man who will not per"form his plain political duty for fear of his business. These men arecivic traitors. They betray not only the living, but also the dead and thegenerations yet unborn. They enjoy the advantages won by genera­tions of sacrifice and struggle. They turn these institutions to theirown personal profit and advantage and pass on to the next generationthe wasted inheritance. Unmindful of the sacred obligations of thecitizen, they are willing to profit by the effort of others, but unwillingto contribute. effort of their own. They take, but do not give.Democracy is founded upon the assumption that the bulk of thecommunity will give the necessary time and attention to public affairsto insure proper management of the interests of the community. Everycitizen must give a part of his time and attention-or a part of his life­to the consideration of the general interest of the state. Democracydoes not, ordinarily, require that a man give his whole life, but it doesCITIZENSHIP 279demand that he give his living and continuous interest to public problems.We may be sure that special interests are always active-like the force ofgravity-and they can be offset only by substantial effort on the partof those whose chief interest is not a selfish one. We may confidentlyrely upon the vigorous and persistent action of every man who has apersonal interest in misgovernment. The dollar sign is an easy cue tofollow. Unless.we can reckon upon the equally vigorous and persistentaction of men who have no direct interest at stake it is impossible toresist attacks upon the integrity and efficiency of the government.Another accompaniment of the change from military to industrialstandards is seen in the lack of action, except under unusual circum­stances. After a treasurer steals a million, we are duly aroused andamend the law; after a fearful fire we view the corpses and revise thebuilding code; after a pestilence we count the tombstones and demandsanitary legislation; after a series of scandals we angrily ask for a char­ter. This violent and often almost hysterical action is clear evidenceof a lack of sustained interest in public affairs.In all of these instances the facts were as available before as after thecalamity, and as well known, but only the spur of a great event arousedaction. And following the action comes reaction, and often relapse.Laws are no more self-executing than New Year's resolutions. They areexpressions of public opinion, which, for practical effect, require wiseand vigorous administration. Efficient administration is, however, aresult of sustained and persistent general interest and demand, and whereinterest can be aroused only with great difficulty and under unusualconditions this necessary attention to public administration is lacking.The average citizen pins his faith to a law and ignores the value of publicadministration. It is easier to arouse one thousand men to demand alaw than to interest one in its practical administration. The excite­tnent of a campaign to secure a statute will enlist the services of many,While the operation of a law once enacted is utterly ignored. Govern­mental action is really determined, however, not by the enthusiasm andexcitement of crisis, but by the level of the everyday interest of theaverage man. This was well expressed by President Garfield when hesaid in the heat of a great national convention:When the emotions of this convention have subsided, we shall find that calm levelof public opinion below the storm, from which the thoughts of a mighty people are tobe measured, and by which their final action will be determined.Cincinnatus, having served the state, could return to his neglectedplow. This is what our citizen often attempts to do, but with the result,280 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthat his work is undone before he has plowed a single furrow. Thesoldier may rest between wars, but the' citizens disband at their peril.Like pioneers, they must carry their guns to the fields.The greatest help to the citizen at the present hour, and under ournew and changing conditions, is publicity. The existence and con­tinuance of the present system depends entirely upon concealment ofthe essential facts from the public. Suppression and distortion of thetruth are the great agencies of corruption. If the white light of truthshould beat down upon the secrets that are hid from the public eye, theend would quickly come. An authentic picture of present politics woulddoom it. Whoever writes a Who's Who for the world of graft will writea series of political obituaries. The system depends on its ability toescape portrayal. The conditions have not been exaggerated; on the.contrary, in my opinion, the half has never been told. On the whole,the area of graft and corruption is greater, not less, than it has been statedto be, and its ramifications wider than is generally supposed, or, at least,than ever has been definitely shown.Not' only is publicity necessary for the detection and punishmentof crime and hypocrisy, but for the purpose of providing proper con­structive measures for the future.The problems arising out of the industrial and urban conditions ofmodern times are enormous. The widest possible dissemination of thefacts regarding our political and industrial life is fundamental to anywise and permanent settlement for the future. Specific informationregarding the situations which are now and will continue to be subjectsof governmental action is absolutely indispensable.We stand at the beginning of an era of constructive legislation on awider and more difficult scale than ever yet attempted. These changesare not confined to alterations in the form of government, or new adapta­tions of democratic institutions. They involve broad policies of sociallegislation, which will tax not only the courage and the honesty but alsothe wisdom of our legislators and our citizens as never before. Laggingfar behind the great industrial states of the world in social legislation,we must advance with quickened step to keep pace with the progressof civilization and humanity. We must rescue our political liberty fromthe reproaches laid upon it, and we must prevent the establishment ofconditions under which life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness areempty of genuine meaning.Our generation has before it a task of unusual difficulty. We mustrestore the heritage of public liberty .. We must payoff the debts andCITIZENSHIP 28rmortgages, repair the ravages made by graft and waste, and set ourhouse in order . We need safe guides. The good intentions of folly andfury may lead us far astray, while the demagogue is as dangerous asthe open enemy. Public opinion is the moving spirit in all democraticgovernment, and the more firmly this is based upon broad and wiseconsideration of the facts, the quicker and the better the results.I am not among the pessimists. If I discuss some of the ills to whichour political flesh is heir, it is not because I love political pathology, butbecause I wish to understand and to have understood the politicalconditions in order that appropriate political remedies may be appliedand healthy conditions restored. I believe that the eyes of the citizenare being opened; that he sees the conditions; that he appreciates,his political duty, and that he is inclined toward more energetic andeffective action than ever before.I believe that the days when the unpunished criminal and crook canparticipate in the making of law are numbered. I believe that thePharisees" full of hypocrisy and iniquity" must soon cease their decep­tion; I believe that the purple of special privilege is fading and thescepter falling from its hand.There is every indication that the restoration of genuinely repre- Isentative government is near; and that representative governmentwhen restored will enter upon a broad program of social and industriallegislation which will determine the long contest between privilege andthe people, in the general interest.Well roars the storm to 'him who hears across the wave its deeper voice pro­claiming truth and social justice.As the noise and tumult of battle dies away, the true meaning ofdemocracy is seen by its citizens. We see that it means more than abattle or war. It means the continued existence of honest and intelli­gent public opinion, made up of the honest and intelligent opinion ofthousands of individual citizens. Changes in form of government orinstitutions may and will help but cannot save us. The final test isthe living interest of the Citizen in public affairs.Whoever examines the history of the generation just past, and ob­serves the lives of noble men and women of our day must conclude thatthe old-time virtues of the soldier are being translated into the virtuesof the citizen-into practical political and social achievement. No onecan look without admiration and hope at the splendid courage withwhich devoted citizens have risked fortune and reputation; at the stead-THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEfastness with which they have withstood temptation in its subtlestforms; at the infinite patience and the tireless energy with which theyhave labored in the interest of the commonwealth. The Spirit of Libertyis as strong today as when the shot was fired that "echoed round theworld." And as patriotism slowly turns to the fields of civil rather thanmilitary conflict, and fights its battles there, new victories for socialand political welfare will be won, and points now held by the enemiesof order and progress gained and occupied for the general interest and thecommon good.NEW PLANS FOR ENTRANCE ANDGRADUATION AT THE UNIVER­SITY OF CHICAGOBY JAMES ROWLAND ANGELL. A.M.Professor and Head of the Department of Psychology; Dean of the Facultiesof Arts, Literature, and ScienceAs a result of two years of committee work the Faculty of theUniversity of Chicago has just adopted a new plan for entranceto the Colleges of the University, and has authorized certain fundamentalchanges in the curricula leading to its Bachelor's degrees.As far as concerns entrance the new program accords to the highschools a much larger degree of independence in the arrangement oftheir curricula than has hitherto been the case. The University willstill require fifteen units of entrance work, namely, four full years inan approved high school (from which students may enter by certificate),but it will allow much greater flexibility in the studies which the high­school students may pursue during their preparatory course.The University has been moved to make these changes largelybecause it appreciates and sympathizes with the increasing demandlaid upon high schools to meet the immediate needs of their own com­munities. In response to pressure of this kind the schools have foundit necessary to introduce a much larger amount of vocational workthan was formerly the case. The old academic subjects, rightly orwrongly, are not thought to sub serve these community needs so effi­ciently as are subjects of a more practical character. In view of thismovement which is going forward in the high schools of the country,the University has come to feel that its previous entrance requirementsare out of harmony with the primary obligations of the schools in away which is undesirable for all concerned. The action which is nowtaken is not dictated by loss of numbers, for these have steadily increased.It is rather based upon a conviction that its previous practice is nolonger wise, and that the best interests of the schools and of the'University will be subserved by other arrangements.The University, therefore, proposes that one and only one subjectshall be hereafter specifically required of the school, namely, English,which must be pursued for at least three years. In addition to this,283THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEin order to secure a desirable concentration of work, and to attain suchintellectual profit as arises from the continuous study of a single subject,it is required that a student shall pursue one topic for at least threeyears and another topic for at least two years. This is in addition tothe requirement of English. The subjects thus pursued must be selectedfrom among five groups of studies, to wit: (r) Ancient and ClassicalLanguages; (2) Modern Languages; (3) History, Economics, Civics;(4) Mathematics; (5) the Natural Sciences. Of the four entire yearsof work somewhat less than three must be devoted to work in thesegroups, together with English. The remainder of the student's timemay be devoted to any subjects which the school accepts for its ownI diploma. This permits a large measure of freedom to the school tointroduce such vocational work as it may think wise, without therebyrendering it impossible for its students at the same time to prepare-forcollege, and to reach a decision to go to college late in the school course..Formerly the University required a designated amount of work in aconsiderable number of subjects. It will be seen that as compared withsuch a plan the present one provides for a much larger degree of flexi­bility. The present plan does not designate the precise subjects in whichthe student must work, save in the case of English, but it does lay uponthe school the obligation to furnish a sufficient amount of solid trainingin some one of the several lines which the school or the student maydetermine, to enable the University to go on efficiently with this workas a foundation upon which its own superstructure can be firmly built.As an offset to this increased freedom the University expects hereafterto receive no students with conditions.It is no doubt understood that the University makes a carefulexamination of schools before putting them on its approved list with theprivilege of entering their students by certificate. The records made bystudents in college will be used to determine whether a school mayremain on the list.The importance of this provision can hardly be overestimated.It promises to give the University the only thoroughly satisfactoryindication of the work done by the schools, and inasmuch as it is intendedto furnish frequently to the authorities of each school a record of thestandings of the students sent by the school, it will be possible for theprincipals and teachers to be kept in the most intimate contact withthe facts in each case. Moreover, the University plans to enter upon afurther interesting experiment from which good results are anticipated.Heretofore the schools have been obliged to meet a test of personalENTRANCE AND GRADUATION AT THE UNIVERSITY 285inspection by an examining officer of the University. Hereafter repre­sentatives of the schools are to be invited to come to the University tovisit the classes in which work' is done continuing that of the schools.It is hoped in this way to secure a far more-helpful and intelligent co­operation between the schools and the University than has previouslybeen possible. The authorities of the schools thus far consulted haveexpressed themselves most cordially with reference to this project.The college requirements, while difficult to state with brevity intheir detail, are easily understood in the principles involved. In thefirst place a student is required to go on through the first year of hiscollege work with some subject which he has pursued extensively in theschool. He is required before the end of his second year in college tobe able satisfactorily to read some modern language other than his own.He is required to pursue, to the extent of at least three courses, the studyof his own language, both. in its written and in its spoken form. Heis also obliged before the end of his second year to have pursued at leastfour courses in'each of four great departments of knowledge, namely,the Languages, the Philosophical and Historical Sciences, Mathematics,or Natural Science. Before graduation he must in addition have com­pleted at least nine progressive and coherent courses in some one subjectand at least six such courses in another subject, thus affording a reason­able guaranty of concentrated work and a considerable mastery of atleast two fields of knowledge. The remainder of his work is entirelyat his own command. In practice this will generally amount to aboutone-third of his combined school and college course.It will be seen that this program contemplates obliging the studentto connect his college and high-school courses by continuing for at leastone year in the latter work begun in the former; that it obliges him todistribute his work to some extent over the more important fields ofknowledge; that it obligates him to master the rudiments of at leastone foreign language, and that it puts him under obligation to concen­trate a large amount of his work on one or more subjects before gradua­tion. It is hoped in this way to avoid, on the one hand, the dissipationof intellectual energy and interest characterizing a purely elective system,and, on the other hand, to provide for specialized work leading to theprofessions and to various vocations.Certain modifications of the plan as described are involved in thedetails (in the classical group for example), but these exceptions haveno bearing on the general principles and would be difficult and tediousto explain to one not interested in the minutiae of administration.THE EXHIBIT OF BIBLES IN HASKELLORIENTAL MUSEUMBY EDGAR JOHNSON GOODSPEED, PH.D. '97, D.B. '98,Associate Professor of Biblical and Patristic GreekIN co-operation with the Chicago Committee on the Tercentenary ofthe King James version, the University gave an exhibition of versions,editions, and manuscripts of the Bible, in the North Museum of Haskell,April 30 to May 10. The exhibit included New Testament manuscriptsof the fifth, sixth, eleventh, and fifteenth centuries, in Greek or Latin;photographic facsimiles of the principal Greek and Hebrew biblicalcodices, of the third to the tenth centuries, early printed editions ofthe Old Testament in Hebrew, the New Testament in Greek, and theBible in English, German, French, Dutch, Italian, and other languages.The ancient versions of the New Testament, Syriac, Coptic, Latin,Arabic, Gothic, etc., were fully represented, and a large number ofmodern missionary editions, chiefly in oriental tongues, were shown.In all 175 manuscripts, facsimiles, and printed books were exhibited.A very few of these were loaned; the great majority were from thelibraries of the University, the American Bible Union Library, presentedto the Divinity School in 1886, being most largely represented.The place of honor in the exhibit was occupied by the King Jamesversion in the second issue of I6II. All the leading English Biblesearlier than the King James were gathered in one case: Coverdale's,Matthew's, Taverner's, the Great Bible, the Geneva Bible, the Bishops'Bible. The large exhibit of facsimile editions of uncial manuscriptsshowed what a mass of ancient textual materials quite unknown to thetranslators of I6II is now available for the correction of the biblical text.Among the incunabula exhibited were the Postillae of Nicholas de Lyra(1472), the Gtlntherzainer German Bible (1473-75), the Niedersach­sische Bibel (1482), and the Biblia Glossata (before 1483). Other booksexhibited were the Complutensian, Antwerp, London, and Paris Poly­glots, and the earliest New Testament editions of Erasmus (1516-22),Robert Estienne (1546, 1550), Beza, and Elzevir (1624, 1633). Amongthe missionary versions were shown four translations of Professors Stevensand Burton's Harmony of the Gospels in Chinese, Japanese, and Karendialects. More than 1,500 people visited the exhibition, the largestattendance being on April 30, when 200 persons saw it.286THE UNIVERSITY RECORDEXERCISES CONNECTED WITH THE SEVENTY-NINTH CONVOCA TlONCount Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff, Imperial German Ambassa­dor to the United States, was the Convocation orator on June 13, 19II,his address, which was given in Hutchinson Court, being entitled "TheFoundations of the German Empire." The address appears elsewherein full in this issue of the Magazine.The Convocation reception was held on the evening of June 12 inthe corridor leading from Mitchell Tower to the Leon Mandel AssemblyHall. In the receiving line were President Harry Pratt Judson; theguests of honor, Count Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff, the ImperialGerman Ambassador, and Mr. Harold F. McCormick, a member of theUniversity Board of Trustees, and Mrs. McCormick; the Dean of theFaculties of Arts, Literature, and Science, Professor James R. Angell,and Mrs. Angell; the Convocation Preacher, the Rev. John Clifford,D.D., President of the Baptist World Alliance, London, England; andthe Dean of Women, Professor Marion Talbot. It was one of thelargest and most successful receptions given by the University. Hutch­inson Court was especially illuminated for the occasio�.DEGREES CONFERRED AT THE SEVENTY-NINTH CONVOCATIONAt the Seventy-ninth Convocation of the University held in Hutch­inson Court on June 13, 19II, fourteen students were elected to member­ship in Sigma Xi for evidence of ability in research work in science,and fourteen students were elected to membership in the Beta of Illinoischapter of Phi Beta Kappa for especial distinction in general scholarshipin the University.One hundred and sixteen students received the title of Associate;twenty-seven, the two years' certificate; fourteen, the degree of Bachelorof Philosophy in Education; one, the degree of Bachelor of Science inEducation; nineteen, the degree of Bachelor of Arts; one hundred andtwenty-eight, the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy; fifty-three, thedegree of Bachelor of Science; and one candidate received the re-enacteddegree of Bachelor of Philosophy.In the Divinity School four students received the certificate of theDane-Norwegian Theological Seminary, and seven students the cer­tificate of the Swedish Theological Seminary. Nine students received287288 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEthe degree of Master of Arts, three the degree of Bachelor of Divinity,and one the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.In the Law School eight students received the degree of Bachelor ofLaws, and seventeen the degree of Doctor of Law (J.D.).In the Graduate Schools of Arts, Literature, and Science, thirty-onestudents were given the degree of Master of Arts; fourteen that ofMaster of Science, and eighteen that of Doctor of Philosophy-makinga total of three hundred and seventeen degrees (not including titles andcertificates) conferred by the University at the Seventy-ninth Con­vocation.HONORARY DEGREES CONFERRED- AT THE SEVENTY-NINTHCONVOCA TIONAt this Convocation also there were conferred honorary degreesupon two candidates, the Rev. John Clifford, M.A.; D.D., LL.D.,president of the Baptist World Alliance, London, England, and CountJohann Heinrich von Bernstorff, Imperial German Ambassador to theUnited States, the former being presented by the Dean of the DivinitySchool, and the latter by the Dean of the Faculties of Arts, Literature,and Science.In conferring the honorary degree on Dr. Clifford the President ofthe University said:"JOHN CLIFFORD, minister of the gospel, faithful pastor, leader insocial betterment, and especially in the great cause of religious liberty,by authority of the Board of Trustees, on nomination of the UniversitySenate, I confer on you the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity ofthis University, with all the rights and privileges thereto appertaining;in token of which I give you this hood, and this diploma."In conferring the honorary degree on Count von Bernstorff thePresident said:"JOHANN HEINRICH VON BERNSTORFF, soldier, diplomat, author,worthily representing a friendly nation of kindred blood, by authorityof the Board of Trustees, on nomination of the University Senate, 1confer on you the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws of this University,with all the rights and privileges thereto appertaining; in token ofwhich I give you this hood, and this diploma."UNIVERSITY REPRESENTATIVES IN THE WESTERN ECONOMIC SOCIET'1The Western Economic Society is a newly organized association forthe discussion of financial and other questions of national significance,and has for its officers for the year 1911-12 as president, ProfessorTHE UNIVERSITY RECORDShailer Mathews, Dean of the Divinity School; as vice-presidents, Hon.Franklin Mac V eagh, Secretary of the Treasury and member of theUniversity Board of Trustees, and President George E. Vincent of theUniversity of Minnesota, formerly Dean of the Faculties of Arts, Litera­ture, and Science in the University of Chicago; as treasurer, Mr. CharlesL. Hutchinson, president of the Art Institute of Chicago and treasurerof the University of Chicago; and as secretary, Professor Leon C.Marshall, Dean of the Senior Colleges and Dean of the College of Com­merce and Administration. Among the members of the board ofdirectors are Mr. A. C. Bartlett, of the University Board of Trustees;Professor Charles R. Henderson, Head of the Department of Ecclesi­astical Sociology; President Harry Pratt Judson; Professor J. LaurenceLaughlin, Head of the Department of Political Economy; ProfessorCharles E. Merriam, of the Department of Political Science; and Mr.Martin A. Ryerson, president of the University Board of Trustees.The first conference of the society was held at the Art Institute andat Orchestra Hall, Chicago. At its evening session at Orchestra Hallon June 3 the chief speaker was President William H. Taft, his subjectbeing "Reciprocity with Canada." President Taft was introduced bythe president of the society, Professor Shailer Mathews, who gave someaccount of the purposes of the organization. At the same sessionProfessor J. Laurence Laughlin, Head of the Department of PoliticalEconomy, gave an address on the subject of "The Economics of Recipro­city," and President Harry A. Wheeler, of the Chicago Association ofCommerce, also gave an address, his subject being "Reciprocity andCommerce."UNIVERSITY LECTURERS IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDSThe following message was contained in a cable received at the WarDepartment, Washington, D.C., from the Governor-General of thePhilippine Islands:President H. P. Judson,University of Chicago.Most successful session. Bureau of Education assembly, including directors,superintendents, and teachers greatly indebted to University for services distinguishedand able lecturers Shepardson and Goode.WHITE (Director of Education).Associate Professor Francis W. Shepardson, of the Department oflIistory, and Associate Professor J. Paul Goode, of the Department ofGeography, recently gave at Baguio, the summer capital of the Philip­pine Islands, courses of lectures before the Teachers' Vacation Assembly,THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE'Mr. Shepardson's courses being on the subjects of "Great Moments inAmerican History" and" Great Americans," and Mr. Goode's coursesdiscussing the subjects of "Geography and Education" and "Topicsin the Relations of Geography and Commerce."The Teachers' Assembly Herald, published at Baguio, PhilippineIslands, contains in its issue of May 10, 19II, an abstract of a lectureby Professor Shepardson on "American Ideas Regarding War andPeace" and also of a lecture on " Henry Clay." In other issues of thesame periodical are found abstracts of addresses by Mr. Shepardsonon "The Search for Human Freedom," "Abraham Lincoln: Master of"Men," "The Larger United States," and "Our Relations with Canada.Summaries of Professor Goode's lectures also appeared in the saIlleperiodical, including abstracts of his lectures on "The Rise of ScientifiCAgriculture," "The Social Significance of Wheat," "The Role of Capitaland Industry," and "The Institution of the Market."THE DANISH UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' CHORAL UNIONOn March 22 a reception was given by the University to the DanishUniversity Students' Singing Society in the Reynolds Club, PresidentHarry Pratt Judson receiving with Associate Librarian J. C. M. Hanson,Dr. Winge, a graduate student in botany and an alumnus of the Uni�versity of Copenhagen, Assistant Professor Chester N. Gould, of theDepartment of German, and Assistant Professor David A. Robertson,of the Department of English. After the reception the program in theLeon Mandel Assembly Hall was as follows:Organ prelude-University organist.,Welcome to the Danish students-President of the University.Music-Women's Glee Club.Reply on behalf of the Danish students-President of the Danish UniversitYStudents' Choral Union, Mr. V. Christophersen.Music-Danish University Students' Choral Union.The response on behalf of the Danish students by Mr. Christophersenwas as follows:We Danish university students wish to express our most respectful thanksf�rhaving had the opportunity of making acquaintance with this world-famous UnI­versity. fOur old alma mater, founded more than four hundred years ago, is the pride 0every Danish student as the thinking and knowledge-making fountain that neverdri��. .We student singers, even after finishing our studies at the university, keep c�n;stantly alive the connection with the university by contributing to every officH;1,THE UNIVERSITY RECORDsolemnity our musical performances. Each of us therefore takes a special interest ineverything concerning the intellectual progress of this country, that seems destinedto be the leading one in every department of human and social growth and develop­ment.I feel sure that I express the general opinion of all my comrade singers: Wonderand admiration of the extraordinary achievements of the American intelligence; andwe only regret that this visit is too short for getting a more intensive conception ofwhat is worth learning and imitating in this land of the future.In respectful admiration of that for which America is indebted to its universities,and with the wish that old Europe may receive more and more impulses from Americanscience, I beg you, comrades, to give to the President of this University a Danishstudent cheer. Health to the University of Chicago!The meeting was one of great enthusiasm and the singing by theDanish university students especially effective.THE ORGANIZATION OF THE OTHO S. A. SPRAGUE MEMORIALINSTITUTEThis institute was organized early in 19II, and is supported by afund donated by Mr. Otho S. A. Sprague, for many years a resident ofChicago, who died two years ago in California. The donor designatedhis brother, A. A. Sprague, his own son, A. A. Sprague, ad, and Messrs.A. C. Bartlett, J. P. Wilson, Charles L. Hutchinson, Byron L. Smith,Martin A. Ryerson, and Dr. Frank Billings as trustees of the fund.The directors have decided upon medical research as the chief objectfor which the income of the fund shall be expended, and have elected'II. Gideon Wells, Associate Professor of Pathology in the University ofChicago and Rush Medical College, to direct the research in medicalproblems. The work will be done in co-operation with existing insti­tutions, namely, the University of Chicago, Rush Medical College, thePresbyterian Hospital, and the Childrens' Memorial Hospital of Chicago.The Institute will command a definite number of beds in the Presby­terian Hospital for the study of any disease under investigation.An advisory council has been appointed, consisting of Dr. FrankBillings, Professor E. R. Le Count, Professor Ludvig Hektoen, Head ofthe Department of Pathology and Bacteriology, Dr. James B. Herrick,Edwin O. Jordan, Professor of Bacteriology, Dr. Joseph Miller, andProfessor Julius Stieglitz, of the Department of Chemistry.Dr. Wells has already organized his force of workers, in the labora­tories of the University of Chicago and Rush Medical College, and workis already under way.Among those already appointed members of the research staff areDr. R. T. Woodyatt, Dr. Evarts Graham, Mr. H. J. Corper, and MissTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMaude Slye. At an early date also several fellowships will be awardedto provide for investigation in various problems concerning humanhealth and disease.OPEN-AIR PLAYS IN SCAMMON GARDENSOne of the features of the Summer Quarter to which many residentsof Chicago as well as members of the University have come to lookforward with pleasure is the annual series of open-air plays in ScammonGardens.The Coburn Players, under the direction of Mr. Charles DouvilleCoburn, were chosen for the series this year, which consisted of threeShaksperean plays, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like It, andMccbeih; Percy MacKaye's The Canterbury Pilgrims, and the Electraof Euripides, in Gilbert Murray's metrical translation. The programwas a more varied one than any previously presented at the University.A generous response may generally be expected to a creditableopen-air presentation of one of Shakspere's comedies. Performancesof other plays have been undertaken with some hesitancy. It wastherefore especially gratifying that the plays presented at the Uni­versity by the Coburn Company July 5-8 included creditable per­formances not only of Mr. MacKaye's rollicking comedy The Canter­bury Pilgrims, but of such classic tragedies as Macbeth and the Electraof Euripides.It is safe to say that no more satisfactory presentations of plays illthe open air have ever been given at the University. The company wasa well-balanced one and appeared to equal advantage in comedy andtragedy. Particularly notable was the successful way in which therhythm of the blank verse was made effective by the players. Theweather was favorable and the audiences were large and enthusiastic.The plays were given under the auspices of the University Settle­ment League for the benefit of the University of Chicago Settlement,which will profit to the extent of several hundred dollars.LECTURES ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HEREDITY AND EVOLUTIONA series of lectures designed to present the recent developments illvariation, heredity, and evolution, and the application of this newknowledge to plant, animal, and human development and improvementwas given in Kent Theater from June 22 to July 27. The lectures wereillustrated by charts and lantern, and will later be issued in book formby the University of Chicago Press.THE UNIVERSITY RECORD 293Professor John M. Coulter, Head of the Department of Botany, gavein the opening lecture a general introduction and survey of recentadvances. The second lecture, on "Variation, the Basic Factor inEvolution," was given by Associate Professor William L. Tower, of theDepartment of Zoology, who also gave the third lecture entitled "Varia­tion, Heredity, and Their Relation in the Production and Perfection ofNew Races." On July 5 Professor William E. Castle of the BusseyInstitution, Harvard University, gave a lecture on "Mendel's Law ofHeredity," and the following day a second lecture, on "Heredity,Selection, and Sex.""Inheritance and Evolution in Higher Plants" was the subject ofa lecture on July 12 by Edward M. East, Assistant Professor of Experi­mental Plant Morphology in Harvard University. His second lecturewas entitled "Plant Breeding and Improvement." On July 19 ProfessorCoulter discussed the subject of "The Cytological Evidences of GermCell Constitution and Modification." Professor Tower also gaveanother lecture in the series, on "Experimental Evidences of the PhysicalConstitution and Changes in Germ Cells."Professor Charles B. Davenport, Director of the Station for Experi­mental Evolution, Carnegie Institution, gave the closing addresses, thefirst being on "Inheritance of Physical and Mental Traits in Man, andTheir Application to Eugenics," and the second being on "The EugenicSignificance of the Geography of Man. The Eugenics Movement."THE THACKERAY CENTEN AR YExercises in commemoration of the one hundredth anniversary ofthe birth of William M. Thackeray were held in the Leon MandelAssembly Hall from July 18 to July 21. Professor Robert Herrick, ofthe Department of English, gave on the afternoon of July 18 an intro­ductory lecture on the subject of "William Makepeace Thackeray,"and on July 19 a second lecture, his subject being "The Art and Per­sonality of Thackeray."On July 20 Assistant Professor David A. Robertson, of the Depart­lllent of English, gave an illustrated lecture on the subject of "Thack­eray's Drawings," in which were shown many of Thackeray's sketchesfor Punch and illustrations for the various novels; and on the eveningof July 21 Mr. William P. Gorsuch, of the Department of PublicSpeaking, gave an interpretative reading from Vanity Fair.The exercises attracted very good audiences, and were of greatinterest and appropriateness.294 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINETHE FACULTIESProfessor Shailer Mathews, Dean of the Divinity School, gave theannual Phi Beta Kappa oration at Northwestern University on June 13·Professor Robert A. Millikan, of the Department of Physics, receivedfrom Oberlin College on June 22 the honorary degree of Doctor ofScience.Associate Professor James Weber Linn, of the Department of Eng­lish, gave in June the commencement address at the Lake High School,Chicago.Professor Paul Shorey, Head of the Department of Greek, had in theNation of May II, 19II, a contribution on the subject of "AmericanScholarship.' ,The address at the class day exercises of the College of Educationon June 9 was given by Professor James H. Tufts, Head of the Depart­ment of Philosophy.President Harry Pratt Judson gave the commencement address atthe University of Michigan on June 29, his subject being. "Educationand Social Progress."Professor A. A. Michelson, Head of the Department of Physics, hasbeen the exchange professor at the University of Gottingen during thesummer semester of 1911.The honorary degreee of Doctor of Science was conferred on AssociateProfessor Herbert E. Slaught of the Department of Mathematics, byColgate University, June 21, 1911.Professor Paul Shorey, Head of the Department of Greek, gave thebaccalaureate address at the University of Wisconsin on June 18, hissubject being "The Gospel of Labor.", Associate Professor Gerald B. Smith, of the Department of Sys­tematic Theology, has been appointed Nathaniel William TaylorLecturer at the Yale Divinity School."Vanity Fair" was the subject of a lecture in Fullerton Hall of theArt Institute of Chicago on April 26, by Associate Professor S. H. Clark,of the Department of Public Speaking."The Scholar in a Commercial Age" was the subject of the com­mencement address at Ripon College, Wis., on June 14, by ProfessorShailer Mathews, Dean of the Divinity School."Mexico in Revolution" was the subject of a contribution in theJune issue of the World To-Day, by Associate Professor Frederick Starr,of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology.THE UNIVERSITY RECORDProfessor John M. Coulter, Head of the Department of Botany, gaveon June 12 at the University of Illinois the annual address before thehonorary societies of Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi.In the issue of May 18 the Continent of Chicago had a contribution onthe subject of "Unity through Play," by Miss Mary E. McDowell,Head Resident of the University of Chicago Settlement.At the celebration of the ninety-eighth anniversary of the inde­pendence of Norway, held at Chicago on May 17, one of the speakerswas Professor Charles E. Merriam, of the Department of PoliticalScience.Director Edwin B. Frost, of the Yerkes Observatory, contributes tothe June number of the Astrophysical Journal" Observations of NovaLacertae at the Yerkes Observatory." The article is illustrated byone plate.At the meeting of the National Association of College Art Teachers,held at the University of Illinois on May 5, Professor Walter Sargent,of the School of Education, discussed the subject of "The Fine Arts inEducation."Professor Ernest D. Burton, Head of the Department of Biblicaland Patristic Greek, was the chief speaker at a dinner given by the School­masters' Club of Lincoln, Neb., May 12, in honor of Chancellor E.Benjamin Andrews.The American Book Company of New York announces a Textbookof Botany for Colleges and Universities, by John M. Coulter, Charles R.Barnes, and Henry C. Cowles. Volume I includes the subjects ofmorphology and physiology.Associate Professor Edgar J. Goodspeed, of the Department of Bib­lical and Patristic Greek, delivered a series of lectures on "New Testa­ment Introduction" at the Baptist Missionary Training School, Chicago,on Mondays, April 24 to June 5.The honorary degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon PresidentHarry Pratt Judson by the. University of Michigan at its commencementon June 29, 19II. At the same time the same degree was conferred uponGovernor Chase L. Osborn of Michigan.Professorial Lecturer John M. Dodson, Dean of Medical Students,gave an address in the Public Library Building of Chicago on April 29under the auspices of the Chicago Medical Society, the subject being"The Hygienic Function of the Home."THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE"The New World" was the subject of the commencement addressat Vanderbilt University on June 21, by President Harry Pratt Judson.On June 14 President Judson also gave the commencement address atIowa College, on the subject of "Truth.""The Lower South on the Eve of the Civil War" was the subjectof addresses by Professor William E. Dodd, of the Department ofHistory, on April 2I and 22 at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, andon April 24 and 25 at Richmond College, Richmond, Va.In the May, I9II, number of the American Journal of Sociologyappears a discussion of a "Report on Questionnaire of Committee onTeaching." Among those contributing to the discussion is ProfessorAlbion W. Small, Head of the Department of Sociology.Professor Charles E. Merriam, of the Department of Political Science,gave on June I3 in Leon Mandel Assembly Hall the annual Phi BetaKappa address before the Beta of Illinois Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa.The address appears elsewhere in full in this issue of the Magazine.Judge Julian W. Mack, Professor of Law in the University of Chicagoand recently' appointed a member of the new Interstate CommerceCourt by President Taft, was unanimously elected on June I2 in Bostonto the presidency of the national Conference of Charities and Corrections.Professor Ludvig Hektoen, Head of the Department of Pathologyand Bacteriology, gave an address on May 9 before the Indiana HealthOfficers at Indianapolis on the subject of "Infectious Carriers," and onthe evening of the same day he spoke o� the subject of "Robert Koch."The fourth contribution on the subject of "A Graded Course inSchoolroom Gymnastics" by Dr. Julia A. Norris, of the School of Edu ..cation, appears in the May number of the Elementary School Teacher,and in the June number of the same journal is a fifth contribution on thesame subject.Statesmen of the Old South is the title of a volume to be issued soonby the Macmillan Company of New York, the author being ProfessorWilliam E. Dodd, of the Department of History. The book, of twohundred and fifty pages, discusses the political leadership of Jefferson,Calhoun, and Jefferson Davis.The Chicago Association of Commerce gave, in honor of the Texasteachers attending the University of Chicago during the Summer Quar ..ter, an excursion on Lake Michigan, July 7. ,The chairman of the ex"ecutive committee for the excursion was Professor Nathaniel Butler, ofthe Department of Education.THE UNIVERSITY RECORD 297At a meeting of the Classical Association of the Atlantic States heldat Princeton University on April 21 and 22, I9II, Professor Frank J.Miller, of the Department of Latin, presented greetings from the ClassicalAssociation of the Middle West and South, and also read a paper onthe subject of "The Lyric Mood."At the meeting of the Mississippi Valley Historical Association heldin Chicago on May 17, Professor William E. Dodd, of the Departmentof History, presented a paper on "Robert J. Walker, Imperialist."Professor Andrew C. McLaughlin, Head of the Department of History,is vice-president of the association.The honorary degree of Doctor of Literature was conferred uponMr. J. Spencer Dickerson, of the University Board of Trustees, byDenison University at its commencement in June, I9II. Mr.Dickerson has been for many years editor of the Standard, the leadingnewspaper of the Baptist denomination."Camp and Caravan in Ancient Ethiopia" was the subject of anillustrated open lecture giving an account of the University of ChicagoExpedition on the Nile, by Professor James H. Breasted, of the Depart­ment of Semitics, Director of the Expedition. The lecture was givenin the Haskell Assembly Room on May 9.Associate Professor Gordon J. Laing, of the Department of Latin,who was recently honored by the Archaeological Institute of Americawith the appointment of Professor of Latin in the American School ofClassical Studies in Rome, sailed in July for Europe. His work at Romebegins in October, I9II, and continues tor a year.Among those who appeared before the Illinois Legislature in theinterest of the bill for the woman's ten-hour day were Professor ErnstFreund, of the Faculty of the Law School, and Miss Mary E. McDowell,Read Resident of the University Settlement. The bill was signed byGovernor Deneen, and went-into effect on the first of July.Professor Edwin D. Starbuck, of the State University of Iowa, gaveon May 18 in the Haskell Assembly Room two open lectures under theauspices of the Divinity School and the Religious Education Club, thesubject of the first being" The Sources of the Higher Truth of Revela­tion," and of the second, "An Interpretation of Adolescence."At the anniversary exercises of the Rochester Theological Seminaryon May 10 Associate Professor Edgar J. Goodspeed, of the Departmentof Biblical and Patristic Greek, gave an address on the subject of "TheTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEGreek Papyri and the New Testament." Mr. Goodspeed was also oneof the committee on examinations in the English department.The first appointment to the faculty announced by President WilliamT. Foster,of the newly organized Reed College,of Portland, Ore., was thatof Professor Frank L. Griffin, a graduate of the University of Chicagoin the year 1903. Mr. Griffin received also from the University the de­grees of Master of Science in 1904 and of Doctor of Philosophy in 1906.Dr. Alonzo K. Parker, Recorder of the University and ProfessorialLecturer on Missions in the Divinity School, was recently elected atrustee of Vassar College. Dr. Parker is an alumnus of the Universityof Rochester and also of the Rochester Theological Seminary, and was amember of the Board of Trustees of the University of Chicago for tenyears.The opening contribution in the June issue of the School Reviewis entitled "The Harmonizing of Grammatical Nomenclature in High­School Study," by Professor William Gardner Hale, Head of theDepartment of Latin. The article gives the substance of a paper, presented before the meeting of the Michigan Schoolmasters' Clubon April 3, 1911.At the last or a series of social meetings held by the Chicago Associa­tion of Commerce at the La Salle Hotel, Chicago, on May 29, ProfessorNathaniel Butler, of the Department of Education, was one of thespeakers. Nearly a thousand. members of the association were present.Mr. Butler gave the commencement address at the La Salle High School,Peru, Ill., on June 14.On May 17 in Washington, D.C., at the meeting of the AmericanFederation of Art, Lorado Taft, Professorial Lecturer on the History ofArt, discussed the subject of "The Relations of Sculpture and Land­scape," and referred to the proposed decoration of the Midway Plaisanceat Chicago with ornamental bridges and terminal fountains representing" Creation" and "Time."The one hundred and forty-fourth contribution from the HullBotanical Laboratory, on ," An American Lepidostrobus," is made in theJune, IgII, number 'of the Botanical Gazette by Professor John M.Coulter, Head of the Department of Botany, and Assistant ProfessorW. J. G. Land, of the same department. The contribution is illustratedby two plates and three figures.Among the new plays announced by the new Chicago Theater Societyto be given during the next season in Chicago, is one by Professor RobertTHE UNIVERSITY RECORD 299Herrick, of the Department of English, entitled The Lady in the Glass.During the same season there will probably also be produced The FaithHealer, by William Vaughn Moody, formerly Assistant Professor ofEnglish Literature at the University of Chicago.At the annual election of officers of the Geographical Society ofChicago Associate Professor Otis W. Caldwell, of the Department ofBotany, was made corresponding secretary, and Associate ProfessorHenry C. Cowles, of the same department, was made recording secre­tary. Among the directors of the society is Professor Rollin D. Salis­bury, Head of the Department of Geography and Dean of the OgdenGraduate School of Science.To the April-May, 19II, number of the Journal of Geology ProfessorSamuel W. Williston, of the Department 'of Paleontology, makes acontribution entitled" A Restoration of Seymouria Baylorensis Broili:An American Cotylosaur." The article has one illustration. In theMay-June number appears a discussion by Assistant Professor AlbertJohannsen, of the Department of Geology, of the subject of "Petro­graphic Terms for Field Use."A new edition of A Laboratory Guide in Bacteriology, by Dr. Paul G.Heinemann, of the Department of Pathology and Bacteriology, is oneof the forthcoming books from the University of Chicago Press. Anotherbook soon to be issued by the Press is a Teacher's Manual for First-YearMathematics, by Professor George W. Myers of the College of Education.The manual is intended to assist teachers of classes using the author'sFirst-Year Mathematics for Secondary Schools.Contributions to Medical Science by Howard Taylor Ricketts is the titleof a memorial volume by Professor Ludvig Hektoen, Head of the Depart­ment of Pathology and Bacteriology. It commemorates the scientificservices of a man who was for a number of years Assistant Professor ofPathology in the University of Chicago, and who gave up his life whileinvestigating typhoid in the City of Mexico. The volume, which isillustrated, is issued by the University of Chicago Press.In the Nation of June 8, 19II, Assistant Professor James A. Field,of the Department of Political Economy, has a contribution on the sub­ject of the "Western Economic Society," in which he gives an account ofthe purposes of the organization, and of the conference held June 3, inChicago, at which the chief speakers were Professor Shailer Mathews, Deanof the Divinity School; Professor J. Laurence Laughlin, Head of theDepartment of Political Economy; and President William H. Taft.300 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEAt the Child Welfare Exhibit held in the Coliseum, Chicago, in May,there were 'among the speakers at the conferences Professor Frank R.Lillie, Chairman of the Department of Zoology, who discussed thesubject of the teaching of social hygiene; Dr. John M. Dodson, Deanof Medical Students, who discussed the subject "What We Do NotKnow about Children"; and Professor Thomas C. Chamberlin, Headof the Department of Geology, who discussed the possibilities in theuse of scientific museums.In Paris on June 29 Professor Charles R. Henderson, Head of theDepartment of Ecclesiastical Sociology, delivered an address at theopening of the first International Congress for the Extension of the Move­ment for Juvenile Courts. He explained the progress of the work inthe United States, and showed the necessity for the proper care of delin­quent children by confiding them to properly equipped institutions.Paul Deschanel presided over the congress, which was made up of dele­gates from many countries.Memorial services in honor of Dr. James Nevins Hyde, ProfessorialLecturer on Dermatology in the University of Chicago, were held atRush Medical College on June 12" and a memorial tablet was also un­veiled at the same time. The tablet was accepted on behalf of RushMedical College by Dean Frank Billings. Dr. Hyde was a memberof many scientific societies in the United States and other countries, theauthor of standard technical works, and for eight years ProfessorialLecturer at the University of Chicago."Is Jesus a Historical Character: Evidence for an AffirmativeOpinion" is the subject of a contribution in the April number of theAmerican Journal of Theology, by Assistant Professor Shirley J. Case, ofthe Department of New Testament Literature. In the same number ofthe journal is a critical note by Mr. Case on "Jesus' Historicity: AStatement of the Problem," and also a critical note by Associate Pro­fessor Edgar J. Goodspeed, of the Department of Biblical and Pa­tristic Greek, on the subject of "The Toronto Gospels."On May 13, at the banquet given to Professor Arrhenius of Stock­holm at which the Willard Gibbs gold medal was presented to the guest,the presentation speech was made by Professor Alexander Smith, ofthe Department of Chemistry, who has now become the administrativehead of the Department of Chemistry in Columbia University. Pro­fessor Smith gave an address before the scientific departments of theTHE UNIVERSITY RECORD 301University of Nebraska, May 27, on "The Balance Sheet of Science,"and also an address on May 6 at the University of Illinois on "Vaporand Dissociation Pressures."At the two hundred and tenth commencement of Yale Universityon June 21 President George Edgar Vincent of the University of Minne­sota, formerly Dean of the Faculties of Arts, Literature, and Science inthe University of Chicago, was given the honorary degree of Doctor ofLaws. President Vincent is an alumnus of Yale, of the class of 1885,and received his Doctor's degree from the University of Chicago in 1896.At the same time the same degree was conferred upon Joseph R. Lamarof Georgia, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States,and Professor Josiah Royce, of the Department of Philosophy in HarvardUniversity.Professor J. Laurence Laughlin, Head of the Department of PoliticalEconomy, was in Washington early in July to urge the enactment of alaw at the next session of Congress remedying the evils of the existingmonetary system. Mr. Laughlin is chairman of the executive committeeof the National Citizens' League, recently organized among businessmen for the purpose of securing congressional action in this importantmovement. Mr. Laughlin gave on May 31 before the ways and meanscommittee of the Chicago Association of Commerce an address in whichhe opposed the idea of a central bank in the United States and asked forunion and co-operation with reference to the improvement of thepresent banking system of the country.In the April, 19II, issue of the Biblical World appears a contributionentitled "The Hebrew Text of the Old Testament" by Professor IraM. Price, of the Department of Semi tics. The article has one illustra­tion. In the same number is a contribution by Associate ProfessorEdgar J. Goodspeed, of the Department of Biblical and Paristic Greek,on the subject of "The New Testament of 16II, as a Translation."The May number of the same journal contains a professional andpopular bibliography of books for New Testament study, by AssociateProfessor Clyde W. Votaw, of the Department of New TestamentLiterature. This is the third edition of the list, which was first pub­lished in 1900. It is proposed to give a thorough revision of the listevery five years. In the June number is a contribution on "The Makingof the New Testament" by Associate Professor Edgar J. Goodspeed,and also a contribution on the "Influence of the Authorized Versionon English Literature" by Professorial Lecturer Benjamin A. Greene.302 -THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEACCESSIONS TO THE UNIVERSITYLIBRARIES DURING THE SPRINGQUARTER, 19IIDuring the Spring Quarter, 19II, therehas been added to the library of the Uni­versity a total number of 6,894 volumes,from the following sources:BOOKS ADDED BY PURCHASEBooks added by purchase, 4,289 volumes,distributed as follows: Anatomy, 31; Anat­omy, Pathology, and Physiology, 3; Anthro­pology, 14; Astronomy (Ryerson), 26;Astronomy (Yerkes), 39; Bacteriology, 4;Biology, 92; Botany, 47; Chen:llstry, 18;Church History, 160; Church History andSystematic Theology, I; CO!llmerce. �ndAdministration, 4; Comparative Religion,17' Embryology, 2; English, 77; Englishand German, I; English, German, and Ro­mance, 45; General Library, 1,426; GeneralLiterature, 2; Geography, 28; Geology, 80;German 35; Greek, 446; Haskell LIbrary,30; Hisfory, 132;. History of Art, 57; Hous�­hold Administration, 7; Latin, 193; Latinand Greek, 23; Latin, Greek, and Sanskritand Comparative Philology I; Law School,276; Lexington Hall, I; Mathematics, 37;New Testament, IS; Paleontology, I;Pathology, 2; Philosophy, 48; PhysicalCu:lture, I; Physics, 41; Physiology,. 12;Political Economy, 21; Political Science,27; Practical Theology, II; Psychology,32' Public Speaking, 4; Romance Languages,134; Sanskrit and Comparative Philology,70; Scandinavian Se��ary, 2; School ofEducation, 380; Semitics, 37; SOCIOlogy,18' Sociology (Divinity), 5; SystematicTheology, 51; Systematic Theology and Prac­tical Theology, 13; Zoology, 9·BY GIFTBooks added by gift, 2,126 volumes, dis­tributed as follows: Astronomy (Ryerson),1; Astronomy (Yerkes), 20; Bacteriology, I;Biology, 36; Botany, 16; Chemistry, I;Church History, 124; Commerce and Ad­ministration, 3; Comparative Religion, 5;English, 12; General Library, 1,020; Gen­eral Literature, II; Geography, 19; Geology,43; German, 3; Greek, 2; Haskell Library, 30; History, 10; History of Art, I; Latin,3; Law School, 8; Mathematics, 7; NewTestament, 6; Pathology, 2; Philosophy, 2;Physical Culture, I; Physics, 7; Physiology,3; Political Economy, 16; Political Science,3; Practical Theology, 6; Psychology, 3;Romance Languages, 8; Sanskrit and Com­parative Philology, 2; School of Education,667; Semitics, II; Sociology, 8; SystematicTheology, 5.BY EXCHANGEBooks added by exchange for universitypublications, 479 volumes, distributed asfollows: Anthropologyy g ; Astronomy (Ryer­son), 2; Astronomy (Yerkes), 27; Biology,5; Botany, 8; Church History, 3; Com­parative Religion, 2; English, 18; Englishand German, I; English, German, and Ro­mance, I; General Library, 194; Geography,2; Geology, 21; Greek, 9; Haskell Library,4; History, I; History of Art, 10; Latin,4; Latin and Greek, 6; Mathematics, 17;New Testament, I; Philosophy, I; Physics,4; Political Economy, 4; Political Science,2; Psychology, I; Romance Languages, 80;Sanskrit and Comparative Philology, 5;School of Education, 25; Semitics, 7; Soci­ology, 7; Systematic Theology, 4.SPECIAL GIFTSCount Albert Apponyi, Lectures on thepeace problem and on the constitutionalgrowth of Hungary+-pamphlets, ISO copies.Earl of Crawford, Bibliotheca Lindesiana,catalogue of printed books preserved atHaigh Hall, Wigan, England, Vol. VII.Eben Lane and Fannie G. Lane, EbenezerLane Collection-e-o.ooo volumes.New York State, Department of Educa­tion, Hudson-Fulton Celebration-s-a volumes.Alexander Smith, textbooks and mis­cellaneous publications-vroj volumes and50 pamplets.United States government, documents andreports-c-jca pamphlets and 166 volumes.United States government, Library ofCongress, foreign government publications-7,000 titles, miscellaneous, 488 volumes.Gaspard A. Zarandy, Les Szemere, descen­dants du conquerant Huba, un des sept duesfondateurs de Ia Hongrie en 899-1 volume.THE HOME-COMING OF CHICAGOMENBY HARRY ARTHUR HANSEN, '09Secretary of the Alumni CouncilALUMNI DAY, I9II, has come and gone, and the last great -illusion-that the University could not muster a body of menwith a strong vital alumni spirit-is dispelled. Some of the dreamerswho helped plan the details of the Home-Coming, like George E.Vincent, '96, who suggested it, and L. Brent Vaughan, '97, who worked itout, knew the spirit was there all the time; others, among them alumniwho never answered a call for a meeting nor mailed a "yes" on a replypostal, exclaimed with self-satisfaction on the Friday and Saturdaynights of the reunion: "We have started something, after all!" Whetherthey belonged to the old-timers who dominated everything with theirirresistible enthusiasm, or to the newer men who felt the invigoratingthrill imparted by '97 and '98, it is undeniable that those presentrealized that the many forces of alumni spirit were uniting at last tobuild up an effective organization fpr the good of the University.It was not thought remarkable by alumni workers that the NewEngland States and the Pacific Coast should seem better informed aboutthe Home-Coming than the business men of Chicago; that" Skeeter"Vogt of San Mateo,.N.M., and Fred Steigmeyer, '97, of Salt Lake City,Utah, should register their names before ten of the city graduates hadasked for tickets. Later on, when men had come from East and West,the city responded loyally, and on the three days of the reunion manywhose names were not registered and whose time was not entirely theirown witnessed at least a part of the program. The attendance of123 "C" men at the annual dinner of their order on Thursday, JuneIS, spoke well for the coming events; the award of the "C" button toErnest E. Perkins of Tacoma, Wash., for coming the longest distanceshowed how far away the call of Alma Mater had been heard and heeded.On Friday, June 16, over a thousand men gathered for the "sing" inHutchinson Court. Nearly 250 attended the annual dinner at 6 o'clockon Saturday evening and many more found the doors of Leon MandelAssembly Hall open to them for the vaudeville a few hours later. Whatgood the work of the Committee did among alumni who could notattend was demonstrated by the letters and remittances sent by alumni303THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEfrom out of the city, who took this method of expresssing their heartyapproval of the Home-Coming.THE EIGHTH ANNUAL «c': DINNERThe eighth annual dinner of the Order of the' C'" took place inHutchinson Hall on Thursday, June IS, being therefore the first eventin the Home-Coming series. In the customary manner the new "C"men were introduced to the old men of the Order and brief addresseswere made by visiting" C" men, the outgoing captains, and the newcaptains. It was the first occasion on which the "nineteenth-century"alumni who had come from a distance could give vent to their enthu­siasm. In this particular alone the dinner equaled, if it did not surpass,many of its predecessors. The following "Wearers of the 'C,'" werepresent:1S93-R. E. Brenneman, H. G. Gale, C. S. Pike, J. E. Raycroft, H. D. Speer,A. A. Stagg, L. B. Vaughan,;R. W. Webster, A. R. E. Wyant.1S94-C. von Bachelle, .G. A. Bliss, W. S. Bond, A. A. Ewing, J. LeMay, F. C.Sherman, A. M. Wyant.1S9S-H. T. Clarke, S. C. Dickerson, T. L. Neff, C. F. Roby, H. W. Stone, C. S.Winston.1896-P. S. Allen, F. H. Calhoun, M. G. Clarke, G. H. Sawyer, F. F. Steigmeyer-1S97-C. Firth, J. F. Hagey, R. C. Hamill, W. S. Kennedy, V. W. Sincere, B. B.Smith.1S9S-N. K. Anderson, A. L. Barton, M. B. Parker, K. Speed.190o-H. F. Ahlswede, G. G. Davis, D. R. Richberg, J. M. Sheldon.1901-R. L. Henry, C. R. Howe, E. E. Perkins, Z. R. Pettet, A. B. Snider, P. A.Sunderland.1902-M. L. Cahill, P. M. Conrad, H. M. Friend, G. R. MacClyment, W. G.Mathews, L. W. Maxwell, E. E. Quantrell, W. A. Rooney, F. A. Speik.1903-G. E. Schnur, S. B. Terry.1904-E. R. Ferriss, C. F. Kennedy, V. S. Rice.1905-D. P. Abbott, Leo C. DeTray, B. P. 9-ale, F. D. Hatfield, W. P. Hogenson.1906-F. W. Gaarde, L. D. Scherer, W. P. Steffen.1907-J. E. Anderson, G. C. Bliss, P. R. Gray, W. F. Hewitt, T. Kelley.1905-M. R. Cleary, F. H. Falls, W. M. Georgen, R. S. Harris, A. C. Hoffman,O. W. Worthwine.1909-B. H. Badenoch, P. W. Charters, J. R. Clark, W. P. Comstock, I. N.Davenport, S. E. Earle, M. A. HirschI, W. S. Kassulker, A. C. Kelly, R. B. Rogers,H. J. Schott, A. H. Straube, W. J. Sunderland.191O-R. W. Baird, J. B. Boyle, P. E. Gardner, H. C. Gifford, E. R. Long, J. A.Menaul, C. M. Rademacher, G. S. Roberts, O. B. Roberts, C. G. Sauer, F. Stein­brecher.19II-N. L. Baldwin, C. S. Bell, H. M. Carpenter, F. A. Catron, F. J. Coyle,P. H. Davis, C. P. Freeman, F. Fulkerson, H. E. Goettler, M, Goldstein, A. H. Hruda,G. E. Kuh, N. C. Paine, G. S. Skinner, R. F. Teichgraeber, W. S. Timblin, H. E.Whitesides, L. H. Whiting, E. 1. Wilson.HOME-COMING OF CHICAGO MENTHE INTER-FRATERNITY SINGA new tradition, one deserving to be repeated every year in thefuture, was born at the University on the night of June 16, when theundergraduate men joined with the alumni in what was perhaps themost impressive spectacle of the alumni reunion-the inter-fraternity"sing" in Hutchinson Court. Many of the older men had dreamedof such an event as this; as recently as 1908 Winston Henry, '09, hadattempted to inaugurate an annual song festival. The year 19II sawthe consummation of all plans in a big men's meeting. Members of theCommittee, who had labored at a disadvantage because they could notforecast definitely how large the gathering was going to be, saw theirfondest hopes fulfilled. At 8: 30 the bells in Mitchell Tower announcedthe beginning of the event; at 8:45 Hutchinson Court was throngedon all sides by a crowd which included many spectators. Old andyoung members of the fraternities had gathered; staid business menof the first decade marched to the melody of songs they had heard whenthey were pledged; members of the faculty stood in the ranks withFreshmen who had been their pupils. The Chinese lanterns strungunder the elms cast a rich, subdued glow of color over the Court.Delta Kappa Epsilon began the program with nearly fifty men inline. Clear and stirring came the marching song of Alpha Delta Phi,with almost the same number. Psi Upsilon, led by A. A. Stagg, formeda circle in the center of the Court and sang the three stanzas of itsimpressive toast, ending with:We love thee yet, we'll ne'er forgetThe days of auld lang syne.After its song each fraternity gave its yell, and" a good Chicago."All but four of the fraternities were represented in the program. Wash­ington House sent a large delegation with its song and yell. Thefraternities were called on by the chairman, L. Brent Vaughan, '97, inthe order of their organization at the University.When the songs were over Mr. Vaughan introduced Victor Sincere,'97, of Cleveland, as the leader of the general sing and all present groupedthemselves on the terraces. .With a will young and old alumni shoutedthe refrain of the good old songs which have an honored place in thesong book, beginning with" 1893":o Chicago, 0 Chicago, how great you've grown to beSince first we cast our lot with thine, in r893!Then followed" John D. Rockefeller," "Tramp, Tramp, Tramp,"the football songs of all the college generations, and lastly, the" AlmaTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEMater." A shower of rain sent the crowd scurrying into the shelterof the Leon Mandel Assembly Hall, which had been kept ready for sucha contingency. Once there the men of '97 organized a program whichwas the more effective because impromptu. Until II o'clock thealumni listened to addresses, talks, recitations, and songs.THE ALUMNI DINNER IN HUTCHINSON HALLA drizzling rain interfered with the attendance at the Waseda­Chicago baseball game on Marshall Field on the afternoon of Saturday,June 17, but failed to dampen the enthusiasm of the alumni. About250 men met in the Reynolds Club at 6 lo'clock and proceeded to Hutch­inson Hall for the Alumni Dinner. President Harry Pratt Judson wasthe guest of honor and made the address of the evening, speaking inan intimate, personal way, and expressing the hope that the alumnimight become a strong factor in aiding the future development of the. University. In his welcome he brought up the names of a number ofthe alumni present, recaUing their participation in student affairs inthe early days of the University.THE VAUDEVILLEWhat jollity, amiability, and good-fellowship marked the vaude­ville in the Leon Mandel Assembly Hall, after the dinner! For twohours act followed act with a rapidity unequaled on the professionalstage. "Teddy" Linn, '97-no one thought of addressing him formally-was the deus ex machine who was responsible for it all. The applausehad hardly died down on one number when Linn, '97, was introducingthe next. Recitations which had been neglected since undergraduatedays were recalled and delivered without a break. Through it allresounded the snappy" Go, Chicago!" yell, and every now and thengroups of the younger alumni sang selections from recent Blackfriarplays while the older men cheered and applauded.Before the program was formally begun Wm. France Anderson, '99,president of the Chicago Alumni Club, welcomed the visiting alumni,and in a fifteen-minute address presented a plea for a wider recognitionof vocational training in the University curriculum."Ikey" Clark, '96, otherwise known as railway commissioner of thestate of Nebraska, recalled old-time smokers with a dialect recitation,entitled" Boomgarten." For an encore Clark delved into Irish dialectwith equal success. Henry M. Adkinson, '97, of Denver, "the manwith the Cecil Lean smile," recited" Casey at the Bat" with a vehemenceHOME-COMING OF CHICAGO MEN 307unsurpassed by DeWolf Hopper himself. What probably pleased theold" C" men more than anything else was Director Stagg's participationin the program. "The feature number of this bill" announced thechairman, "is the incomparable romantic drama entitled The FairyGodmother, in which the entire cast will be played by Mr. Stagg." Thiswas followed by the recital of "Moriarity," and later Mr. Stagg led theassembly in "Hear dem Bells!" Charles S. Pike, '96, invoked the museof classic poetry; Vic Sincere, '97, sang the songs of the Glee Club ofhis day; Fred Steigmeyer, '97, led in the yells-as much a part of theperformance as the recitations. Undergraduate talent was contributedby Edward Hall, 'II, who sang "Enclosed Find Check" from CapturingCalypso. The' performance of Strictly Business, a sketch by HilmarBaukhage, 'II, received the hearty approbation of the alumni. It wasplayed by Baukhage, Ralph Benzies, 'I2, William F. Merrill, 'I2, andPaul Davis, 'II. In the course of the play Merrill sang "Honey Lou"and Benzies, "A Little Farther," both of which won encore after encore.It remained for the alumni likewise to secure three performances ofwhat has become the most popular Blackfriar dance number-theBacchanale from the second act of Capturing Calypso. Parker andRogers gave their dance in full costume. Although the hour was growinglate and the bombs at fifteen-minute intervals gave warning that it wastime for the fireworks the audience cheered and applauded enthusias­tically for a repetition of the dance.At the close of the, program the stage was thrown into bright lightfor the conferring of the" C" blankets on the veterans of 1892-93 and1895-96. Director Stagg and Joseph E. Raycroft, '97, took chargeof the distribution. Each man stepped forward as his name was read,the blanket was draped over his shoulders and he then joined the lineof "Indians" at the rear of the stage. Mr. Stagg introduced each" C" man with a few words about his present occupation and residence,and an explanation of the stars placed around the "C" on the blanket,denoting years of service on the football, baseball, gymnastic, track,or basket-ball teams. When Clarence B. Herschberger, '98, the heroof the earliest football victories, appeared with his array of stars, themen who had watched him from the bleachers cheered as in the olddays. "Herschy" wore twelve stars; four white, four blue, five orange,and one black. Others who received blankets were: Henry M. Adkin­son, '97; Philip S. Allen, '97; Gilbert A. Bliss, '97; Harry V. Church,'94; Fred H. H. Calhoun, '98; Henry T. Clarke, Jr., '96; Maurice G.Clarke, '99; Scott Brown, '97; Henry G. Gale, '99; W. S. Kennedy;THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINERalph C. Hamill, '99; A. A. Ewing; Theodore L. Neff, '96; F. C. Sher­man; H. D. Speer; H. W. Stone; George R. Sikes; John LeMay, '95;G. H. Sawyer; Victor Sincere, '97; Fred F. Steigmeyer, '97; CharlesS. Pike, '96, and A. M. Wyant. C. Firth, of Breckenridge, Minn.,was given his blanket at the" C" banquet.THE FIREWORKS ON MARSHALL FIELDFor the alumni the pyrotechnical display on Marshall Field was afitting climax to a day full of surprises. How the band led the menaround the field until a giant "c" of flaming torches blazed on thatfamous gridiron; how the bursting bombs and rockets awoke Hyde Parkto a realization that the men had come back; how the skill of the pyro­technical artist painted in fire the likenesses of President William RaineyHarper, President Harry Pratt Judson, and Director Amos AlonzoStagg-all this has already been told wherever Chicago men gather.This spectacular and costly part of the Home-Coming proved mostimpressive to the multitude gathered on the bleachers; to the alumnus,however, the greeting of a classmate and the clasp of another's handwas by far the most moving event of the day.CONTRIBUTORS TO THE ALUMNI FUNDThat the Home-Coming Committee will not need to meet a deficitis the welcome announcement of L. Brent Vaughan, '97, its chairman.The Home-Coming was financed by subscriptions solicited from themen of the University by the Committee, of which the other memberswere William Scott Bond, '97; Harry D. Abells, '97; James W. Linn,'97; Dr. John E. Rhodes, '76; and William J. McDowell, '03. Contri­butions from the following alumni made possible the success of theevent:'Before I893-Frank A. Helmer, '78, 1003 Atwood Building; James P. Gardner,'81, 4803 Greenwood Ave.; Jacob Newman, '73, Chamber of Commerce; HoraceG. Parkins, '80, 30 N. Dearborn St.; John E. Rhodes, '76, Peoples Gas Building;James W. Riddle, '70, Philadelphia, Pa.; Edgar B. Tolman, '86, Stock ExchangeBuilding; Frederick A. Smith, '66, or r Rush St.; Samuel J. Winegar, '79; C. R.Wright, '82.I893-Willard C. MacNaul.I894-Harry V. Church, Berwyn, Ill.; Horace G. Lozier, National Life Building;William H. Prescott, 2106 W. Third St., Cleveland, 0.; George C. Sikes, 3ll :N.Central Ave.I895-Henry R. Caraway, 50 Broadway, New York City; Percy P. Carroll,Evansville Courier, Evansville, Ind.; Ralph Hobart, The Rookery; John LeMay, 325):1 Unless otherwise designated the contributors are residents of Chicago.HOME-COMING OF CHICAGO MENIllinois St., Indianapolis, Ind.; Henry C. Murphy, Evansville, Ill.; Henry D. Speer,4215 Ellis Ave.; F. C. Sherman; Adam M. Wyant, Greensburg, Pa.; Ralph WWebster, 32 N. State St. .1896-Henry M. Adkinson, Denver, Colo.; Leon S. Alschuler, 30 N. La. SalleSt.; Henry T. Clarke, Jr., Lincoln, Neb.; Henry G. Gale, University of Chicago;Henry N. Hewitt, Denver, Colo.; Alfred E. Logie, Wilmette, Ill.; Bowman C.Lingle, Harris Trust and Savings Bank; Samuel MacClintock, 5455 Greenwood Ave.;Theodore L. Neff, University of Chicago; Charles S. Pike, Holliday Box Co., Detroit,Mich.; Walter A. Payne, University of Chicago; Joseph E. Raycroft, University ofChicago; Harry W. Stone, 105 W. Monroe St.; Charles S. Winston, 5630 MonroeAve.; Harry D. Wiley, Glencoe, Ill.1897-Harry D. Abells, Morgan Park, Ill.; Oswald J. Arnold, 105 W. MonroeSt.; Philip S. Allen, University of Chicago; . Burt Brown Barker, 5330 MadisonAve.; Charles R. Barrett, 6203 Madison Ave.; W. Scott Bond, 25 N. Dearborn St.;'Waldo P. Breeden, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Gilbert A. Bliss, University of Chicago; SolomonH. Clark, University of Chicago; Ralph L. Dougherty, 6021 Kimbark Ave.; ScottBrown, South Bend, Ind.; Harold L. Ickes, 1709 Harris Trust Building; James W.Linn, University of Chicago; Donald S. Trumbull, 1368 E. 53d St.; William R.Morrow, 5515 Harrison St.; Victor Sincere, Cleveland, 0.; Stacy C. Mosser, 19 LaSalle St.; Frederick F. Steigmeyer, Salt Lake City, Utah; Fred C. Vincent, Kauraslet,Mo.; L. Brent Vaughan, 80 E. Randolph St.; A. R. E. Wyant.1898-Trevor Arnett, University of Chicago; Allen T. Burns, Pittsburgh, Pa.;Fred H. H. Calhoun, Clemson College, S.C.; Joseph W. Campbell, 120 N. OttawaSt., Joliet, Ill.; Otis W. Caldwell, University of Chicago; Joseph E. Freeman, II7Wall St.; New York City; M. F. Gallagher; Clarence B. Herschberger, Lake Forest,Ill.; John F. Hagey, First National Bank; Fred C. Hack, 46 N. Madison Ave.,LaGrange, Ill.; Wilbur M. Kelso, Oak Park, Ill.; John P. Mentzer, 5326 East EndAve.; Ralph L. Peck, 1414 American Trust Bldg.; Cecil Page, 4II4 Clarendon Ave.;Herbert E. Slaught, University of Chicago; Henry W. Smith, Battineau, N.D.;Arthur W. Smith, Hamilton, N.Y.; Franklin E. Vaughan, 1010 Title & Trust Bldg.I 899-Wm. France Anderson, First National Bank Bldg.; Charles W. Chase,Commercial National Bank Bldg.; M. Gordon Clark, Okmulgee,. Okla.; Julius H. P.Gauss, 5700 Winthrop Ave.; Ralph R. Hamill, 15 E. Washington St.; Allen G. Hoyt,N. W. Halsey & Co., New York City; Ainsworth W. Clark; William H. Jackson,5726 Monroe Ave.; George H. Sawyer, Osage, Ia.; Byron B. Smith, 1804 ElmwoodAve., Wilmette, Ill.; Roger T. Vaughan, 6048 Jefferson Ave.; Willoughby G. Walling,Western Trust & Savings Bank.rooo+-Emory C. Andrew, 161 W. Harrison St.; Alvin L. Barton, Hinsdale, Ill.;Charles S. Eaton, 35 N. Dearborn St.; Earl C. Hales, 19 S. La Salle St.; Ralph C.Manning, Warrenville, Ill.; Elliott S. Norton, 4835 Lake Ave.; Howard L. Willett,207 E. Chestnut St.roor-e-Charles W. Britton, Sio�x City, Ia.; George G. Davis, 122 S. MichiganAve.; William F. Eldridge, Santa Barbara Co., Mantectis, Cal.; John Mills, NewYork City; Donald S. McWilliams, 915 FirstNational Bank Bldg.; Augustine F.Naylor, 921 W. Main St., Fort Wayne, Ind.; Donald R. Richberg, Rector Bldg.;Kellogg Speed; Daniel P. Trude, 737 Stock Exchange Bldg.; Herbert P. Zimmerman,731 Plymouth Ct.1902-Henri David, University of Chicago; Frederick D. Bramhall, University310 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEof Chicago; H. P. French; Robert L. Henry, Jr., Baton Rouge, La.; Walter Hudson,2534 Cottage Grove Ave.; Herbert E. Fleming, 1445 E. orst St.; Edward C. Kohl­saat, The Rookery; Jerome P. Magee, Omaha, Neb.; Ernest E. Perkins, Tacoma,Wash.; David A. Robertson, University of Chicago; Walter G. Sackett, Fort Collins,Colo.; Warren B. Smith, Waterbury, Conn.; Douglas Sutherland, 6556 InglesideAve.; Russell Wiles, 1508 Marquette Bldg.I903-Alfred A. Amberg, 3433 Michigan Ave.; Edward V. L. Brown, 122 S.Michigan Blvd.; Royal M. Bell; Edward D. Baker, Minneapolis, Minn.; MiltonJ. Davies, II Bond St., Brooklyn, N.Y.; Herbert Cohen, Washington, D.C.; WalterE. Francis, 1370 E. 54th St.; Charles R. Howe, Hinsdale, Ill.; Thomas J. Hair,1447 E. 52d St.; Charles M. Hogeland, 161 W. Harrison St.; Ray P. Johnson,Muncie, Ind.; Frank L. Griffin, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass.; HaroldC. Brubaker, Room 18, 92 La Salle St.; Albert G. Miller, 50I6 Washington Ave.:William J. McDowell, 6131 Greenwood Ave.; Bruce McLeish, I S. State St.; FrankMcNair, 5512 East End Ave.; Walker G. McLaury, 5507 East End Ave.; JamesM. Sheldon, 1709 Harris Trust Bldg.; Hermann S. Schlesinger, University of Chicago;Robert S. Starbird, St. Louis, Mo.I904-Harry Van Belcher, Spokane, Wash.; Nelson L. Buck, 9901 LongwoodBlvd.; Platt M. Conrad, Farwell Trust Co.; W. K. Earle; Roy E. Flickinger,Evanston, Ill.; William H. Head, 2676 E. 75th St.; Eugene L. Hartigan, DauphinPark; William R. Manning, Austin, Tex.; Harry E. Mock, 1605 Van Buren St.;Henry 1. Raymond, Jr., Indianapolis, Ind.; S. Crawford Ross, 1103 Schiller Bldg.;Murray Schloss, National Arts Club, New York City; Charles W. Steele, 623 Penob­scot St., Detroit, Mich.; Albert W. Sherer, 309 Record-Herald Bldg.; Ovid R. Sellers,Lexington, Mo.; E. G. Woods, 44I E. 48th Pl.I905-H. L. Clarke, 907 Marquette Bldg.; Harry W. Ford, Chalmers MotorCo., Detroit, Mich.; Edward R. Ferriss, 125 W. Monroe St.; Herman C. Groman,Hammond, Ind.; Albert L. Hopkins, The Temple; James A. Hunter; Donald R.Kennicott, 4817 Cottage Grove Ave.; Raymond R. Kelly, 603I Calumet Ave.; JohnJ. Radford, Sac City, Ia.; George B. Robinson, 5345 Woodlawn Ave.; C. W. Sills,125 W. Monroe St.; Ernest E. Quantrell, 125 W. Monroe St.; Frederick A. Speik,100 State St.; Harry Schutz; Roy B. Tabor, II5 S. La Salle St.; Dean R. Wickes,I20I E. ooth St.I906-Herbert W. Brackney, 401 Iowa Bldg., Sioux City, Ia.; Helmut Berens,Elmhurst, Ill.; George D. Buckley, 917 Peoples Gas Bldg.; Henry P. Chandler, 5340Greenwood Ave.; Burton P. Gale, I52 S. Hamlin Ave.; James V. Hickey; Felix T.Hughes, 105 S. La Salle St.; Harry B. Lemon; William G. Matthews, D. Appleton& Co.; R. H. Norton, 4831 Lake Ave.; George R. Schaeffer, Tobey Furniture Co.'Evon Z. Vogt, San Mateo, N.M.; Eugene A. Wilson, Carroll and 34th Sts., Berwyn, Ill.I907-Charles F. Axelson, 904 The Rookery; William F. Brown, 1408 E. 57thSt.; Will J. Cuppy, 935 E. 50th St.; Dudley K. French, McCormick Bldg.; Paul R.Gray, Evansville, Wis.; Albert B. Houghton, 418 Germania Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis.;Earl D. Hostetter, 6233 Monroe Ave.; Jose W. Hoover; R. Eddy Mathews; W. A.McDermid, 6325 Greenwood Ave.; Clarence J. MacNeille, Glencoe, Ill.; ClarenceA. McBride; John Moulds, University of Chicago; Roy B. Nelson, University ofChicago; Francis W. Parker, Jr.; E. R. Post, Spokane, Wash.; Harold H. Swift,Swift & Co.; Reuben Schutz; Gordon L. Stewart, II2 W. South St., Kalamazoo,Mich.; Clark C. Steinbeck; John Whidden, 941 E. 54th St.HOME-COMING OF CHICAGO MEN1908-James B. Brawnson, 848 First National Bank Bldg.; Willard Brooks;D. G. Chase; Hugo M. Friend, 810 Chicago Title & Trust Bldg.; Arthur H. Goes,1662 W. I03d St.; Paul V. Harper, 5728 Woodlawn Ave.; G. P. Lagergren, MorganPark, Ill.; Winfred M. Kelso, 8 N. Market St.; Frank H. Templeton, 641 RailwayExchange Bldg.; Michael I. Meyer, Bangdon, N.D.; Charles P. Schwartz; EugeneVan Cleef, Merrill, Wis.1909-0tto N. Berndt, 1904 Burling St.; Albert S. Lane, 7748 Saginaw St.;William Kixmiller, Gainesville, Fla.; Daniel W. Ferguson, 5607 Lexington Ave.;Samuel Lingle, 3I44 Vernon Ave.; Harry A. Hansen, University of Chicago; WilliamP. McCracken, 5536 Madison Ave.; Paul M. O'Donnell, I218 New York Life Bldg.;Edward L. McBride, N. W. Halsey & Co.; Tom Miller, First National Bank Bldg.;George A. Peckham, Hiram 0.; Herschel G. Shaw, Joliet, Ill.; Henry J. Schott, 200Ashland Blvd.; Preston F. Gass, Chicago Evening Post,' Guy W. Whitcomb, TheDial; Walter Steffen, 5831 Washington Ave.19Io-M. Ralph Cleary, Oak Park Ill.; George A. Funkhouser, Dayton, 0.;B. E. Gordon, 3I7 N. Waiola St., LaGrange, Ill.; Winston P. Henry, Nowata, Okla.;Mark Hirschl; Horace B. Horton, 105th & Throop Sts.; Roberts B. Owen, 6329Woodlawn Ave.; Joseph J. Pegues; Marcus D. Richards, II06 S. Canal St.; RobertT. Radford; Walter Simpson.19II-Vallee O. Appel, 1343 �E. 53d St.; Roy Baldridge, Bloomington, Ind.;Conrad Benitez, 5II4 Kimbark Ave.; Frank J. Coyle; Frank J. Collings; G. HaroldEarle, 17 Hitchcock Hall; Harold C. Gifford, 5642 Kimbark Ave.; Donald T. Grey,329 Lake St., Evanston, Ill.; William H. Kuh; Paul Davis; S. Edwin Earle, 1360 E.58th St.; Esmond R. Long, 5642 Kimbark Ave.; Nat Pfeffer; M. Everett Robinson,Jr.; Rufus B. Rogers; Alfred Straube; Aleck G. Whitfield, 5817 Monroe Ave.; GrantArmstrong.Unclassified-R. C. Camp, Ocala, Fla.; Wm. R. Carney; A.-A. Ewing, Madison,Wis.; C. D. Ford; H. E. Goettler; C. B. Goes; E. N. Hurley, Jr.; R. M. Gardner;J. T. Harahan, Jr.; W. S. Kennedy, Albion, Mich.; W. A. Garden, Duluth, Minn.;E. C. Lowe; Lee Maxwell; M. C. Stearns; A. A. Stagg, University of Chicago.THE ANNUAL LUNCHEON OF THECHICAGO ALUMNAEBY HAZEL DELL KELLY, '08Seeretary of the Chicago Alumnae ClubWHAT was without doubt the most successful and enthusiasticluncheon ever held by the women of the University took placein Emmons Blaine Hall on Alumni Day, June I7. Over I50 alumnaegathered at noon in the lunchroom, which was attractively arrangedwith tables seating six. The speakers' table accommodated Miss KateB. Miller, '02, president of the Chicago Alumnae Club; Miss JosephineAllin, '99, chairman of the Membership Committee; Miss MarionTalbot, Dean of Women in the University; Miss Myra Reynolds,Mrs. Jesse A. Baldwin, Mrs. Mary Wilmarth, Mrs. Francis SquirePotter, Mrs. William R. Harper, and Miss Mollie Carroll, 'II.Eighteen young women of the Senior class joined the organizationand contributed to the enjoyment of the meeting. by singing the classsong and cheering for their leaders. Miss Mollie Carroll was the rep­resentative of the class on the program and responded to Miss Miller'Swelcome with a talk on the spirit and loyalty of I9II, predicting thatthe members of her class would work in harmony with the other classesfor the future good of the University.The addresses were especially interesting, each speaker relating neWand varied experiences in an entertaining manner. Mrs. Mary Wilmarthtold of the work of the Woman's City Club, outlining the efforts forthe ten-hour law for women and other philanthropic projects. Hertalk was limited, however, to defining the activities of the City Club,of which she is president, and to urging the alumnae of the Universityto do their part in studying the city's greatest needs and endeavoringto provide for them.Miss Marion Talbot spoke on the new entrance requirements adoptedrecently by the University of Chicago, and the changes in the require­ments for the Bachelor's degree, explaining the increased possibilitiesfor election which the student has under the new scheme. Miss MyraReynolds gave an account of the alumnae events at Vassar a weekbefore the luncheon. A most interesting talk on college life was pre­sented in a fascinating way by Mrs. Francis Squire Potter, who relatedSI2ANNUAL LUNCHEON OF THE CHICAGO ALUMNAE 3I3her experiences in Cambridge, England, where she spent a year inresearch work. Her entertaining anecdotes of places and people cap­tivated her audience. She described in detail the ceremonies andformalities observed in the university, and described the routine whichhas to be complied with when a student wishes to obtain admission to thelibrary. Her characterizations of a number of professors, who belongedto a type rarely seen in America, were done with simplicity and charm.When she finished she was applauded so heartily that she rose and sanga little London folksong over three hundred years old.At the close of the addresses and felicitations those present rose andsang the" Alma Mater."The Alumnae Club has just closed a most successful year. One ofits undertakings was to raise several hundred dollars as a fund formaintaining a young woman from the University at the University ofChicago Settlement as a "vocational worker." The Loan Library hascontinued its work of furnishing textbooks to undergraduates. Someof the well-known alumnae who attended the luncheon were:Agnes Wayman, '03; Ethel Preston, '08; Helen D. Harper Eaton, '00; LillianVaughan Mordhurst, 'aS; Helen Peck, '10; Mary Morton, '08; Anne Davis, '07;Genevieve Sullivan, '05; Eleanor Day, '08; Majorie Day, '09; Elizabeth Robertson,'05; Gladys Baxter Ransom, '08; Portia Carnes, '08; Alice Hogge, '07; Leila G.Mallory, '97; Sarah Butler Raycroft, '99; Agnes Cook Gale, '96; Helen Gunsaulus,'08; Alice Greenacre, '09; Hazel D. Kelly, '08; Shirley Farr, '04; Marion Fairman,'01; Stella Robertson Stagg, '96; Mary Courtenay, '09; Helen Norris, '07; BerthaM. Henderson, '08; Elizabeth Thielens, '09; Louise Roth, '00.GENERAL ALUMNI ACTIVITIESEDWARD M. STEPHENSON, ' 88Edward M. Stephenson, Th.B., '88, isthe new field worker for Bible Schoolsand Young People's Societies in Penn­sylvania and will be one of the instructorsat the summer assembly at Lewisburg,August I-II. His address is 1701 Chest­nut Street, Philadelphia, Pa.EDWIN E. SLOSSON, '02-The Commencement address at 'OberlinCollege was delivered by Edwin EmerySlosson, Ph.D., '02, of New York City.Dr. Slosson is literary editor of theIndependent, and became well known inthe college world for his series of articleson the American colleges and univer­sities, recently issued in book form.BENJAMIN C. ALLIN, EX '08Benjamin. C. Allin, ex '08, has com­piled an English- Visayan dictionary ofmore than 5,000 words. The work,which is the first of its kind, was done inhis leisure hours in the Island of Cebu,where the author is employed as a sur­veyor for the United States government.The first copy has been received by hismother, Mrs. Benjamin C. Allin, 4805Madison Avenue. Mr. Allin received hisAssociate in Arts at the University in1906.LAURA E. W. BENEDICT, '00After two years of work among theBagobos, a little known Philippine moun­tain tribe, Laura E. W. Benedict, A.B.,'00, A.M., '03, of the staff of the Ameri­can Museum of Natural History, hasreturned to that institution with a col­lection of 2,100 specimens, illustratingthe life and customs of the tribe. MissBenedict so adapted herself to the lan­guage and customs of the tribe that shewas allowed to take part in their annualreligious festivals. She was adopted asa member of the tribe, and given anative name.DAVID M. ROBINSON, '98David M. Robinson, A.B., '98, nowprofessor of classical archaeology in JohnsHopkins University, recently gave an illustrated lecture in Kent Theater, on"Ruined Cities of Asia Minor." Thematerial which Professor Robinson pre­sented was based upon first-hand re­search.FRANK L. GRIFFIN, '03Frank Loxley Griffin, assistant pro­fessorof mathematics at Williams College,Williamstown, Mass., has been appointedprofessor of mathematics at ReedCollege, the new institution at Portland,Ore., which is to open September 18,1911. Dr. Griffin holds three degreesfrom the University of Chicago, that ofBachelor of Science, received in 1903;Master of Science, received in 1904, andDoctor of Philosophy, a warded in theDepartment of Astronomy in 1906. Dr.Griffin was the first man to be appointedon the faculty of the new institution.William T. Foster, president of ReedCollege, said recently; "I offered Dr.Griffin a professorship in mathematicsbecause, after six months' investigationin all parts of the country, I am con­vinced that he is the ablest man and bestteacher in his field under 35 years ofage."ALUMNI IN TENNISIn the tennis tournament at NewOrleans on June 25, Henry Waidner ofChicago won the championship of theGulf States Tournament at the NewOrleans Tennis Club by defeating HarveyMacQuiston, '02, of Beaumont, Texas.He also won the challenge singles bydefeating Paul D. MacQuiston, '02.The MacQuiston team, composed ofHarvey from Texas and Paul from NewOrleans, won the double championshipby defeating Waidner of Chicago andWallace Johnson of Philadelphia.THE ALUMNI CLUBSPHILADELPHIAA reunion of graduates and former stu­dents of the University at which 106people were present took place on June20 in Philadelphia. Nearly all thosepresent were alumni of the DivinityGENERAL ALUMNI ACTIVITIESSchool. It is declared that few of themany college and seminary reunions atPhiladelphia this spring were more en­thusiastic and interesting than that of theChicago men. Rev. H. T. Musselmanpresided. There were representatives offifteen or twenty states, the Pacific andAtlantic coasts and from foreign countriespresent.Dean Shailer Mathews made a char­acteristic address. Among the otherspeakers were Rev. Clifton D. Gray,D.B., '00, Ph.D., '02, pastor of Stough­ton Street Baptist Church at Boston;Andrew McLeish, vice-president of theBoard of Trustees of the University;Edward M. Stephenson, Th.B., '88, ofPhiladelphia, and Professor Ernest W.Clement, A.B., '80, of Tokyo, Japan.The significant event of the eveningwas the address of Dr. John Clifford,who joined in the Chicago "yell" andentered into the spirit of the occasionwith all the zest befitting a new alumnus,having just received the doctor's degreefrom the University. He spoke of hisdelight with the University, its spirit andits opportunities. He is sympatheticwith its aim, he said, having urged, fiftyyears ago, the same ideals which nowdominate the institution.SIOUX CITYThat the University of Chicago is theonly typical American university was theassertion of Joseph Rauch, ex, nowrabbi of a prominent Jewish congregationin Sioux City, la., at the dinner of theSioux City Alumni Club on May 25.The event was held in the First Presby­terian Church, thirty-two members ofthe club attending. The following officerswere chosen:President-Rev. Elmer T. Stevens, '98.Vice-President-Joseph Rauch.Secretary-Treasurer-Carrie Brown, '07.A committee will be appointed in thenear future to confer with the committeefrom the Harvard Club concerning theproposed University Club to be. estab­lished in Sioux City. MILWAUKEEThe officers of the Milwaukee AlumniClub elected for I9II-I2 are:President-Albert B. Houghton, Ph.B., '97,J.D., '09·Vice-President-Nina C. Vanderwalker,ex '99.Secretary-Treasurer-MarianL. Shorey, '09.OKLAHOMAThe following telegram from alumniin Oklahoma was received at the Uni­versity during the Home-coming:Warped by the heat, but still loyal, we,University of Chicago men frying in the heatof Oklahoma, send greetings and salutationsto those brothers who had the price to be atthe Big Home-coming Celebration. Festivebreezes cool your brows.Enviously,M. S. McELDOWNEYGus HOBBSCLAUD SCOFIELDPUG LYBRANDH. S. SCHLABACH-Oklahoma CityHUNT B. HENRYDEAN S. DENTONDUCKY HOLM+BartlesvilleHOWARD DAVIS-MuskogeeWINSTON P. HENRY-NowataSPRINGFIELD, MASS.On April 12 at the Hotel Kimball thealumni of the University of Chicago nowin Springfield, Mass., held a reunion din­ner. Twenty-two were present. Presi­dent Woolley of Mount Holyoke Collegewas present as a guest, nearly all othersbeing members of the faculty of MountHolyoke. Six of these have taken theirdoctorate degree at the University, in­cluding Cornelia M. Clapp, '96; AmyHewes, '04; Francis Fenton, '10; AlmaStokey, '09; Helen Searles, '98; andEmma Carr, )05. Miss Laura Hibbard,who has been doing graduate work inEnglish at the University, gave the recentnews of the campus.THE ASSOCIATION OF DOCTORS OFPHILOSOPHYHERBERT E. SLAUGHT, PH.D., '98, SecretaryTHE ANNUAL MEETING members express deep. inter�st in t�eAssociation and great disappointment IIIThe seventh annual meeting of the not being able to attend. The membersAssociation was held at the Quadrangle of the Association are busy people andClub on Saturday, June 17, 19II, pre- this is the time of year when local dutiesceded as in previous years by a luncheon of various kinds demand their presencegiven by the University in honor of the at their own institutions.members of the Association. There were "For a number of years we have dis­fifty-two present, including President cussed through questionnaires someHarry Pratt Judson, Dean James R. topics of educational interest and haveAngell, Professor .E. H. Moore., �ro- brought the discussion to a focus at thefessor Julius Stieglitz, and other mVI!ed annual meeting. This year. we hayeguests from. the faculty. The m�etmg rested and have been gathering tOPICSwas presided over by the president, for future discussion. One of the mostRoy C. Flickinger, '04, of Northwe�tern important topics. which h�ve been sug­University, and was first addressed. by (Tested is the attitude which the youngPresident Judson, who welcon;ted �he Doctor in a new teaching position shouldDoctors in. behalf of the University. take toward research. The committeeHe spoke of the deep interest of the will be glad to hear suggestions and willUniversity in the Associati?n a_nd of take up the matter next fall an� preparethe importance to the University ofa list of proposed topics for consideration.the reciprocal interest and loyalty of "This is the second year of the Alumniits members. Dean Angell spoke on the Council. Our Association has done itschanges which have been mad� in �he part in promotinl? the general �lumnlentrance requirements of the University, interests through Its representation onThe substance of his address appears the Council. W'e have a full share ofon another page of this nUl�ber of t�e power in: aU m,atter� of alum�i .control.Magazine, and is of great mterest. m This year the three lines of activity haveview of the agitation among the high been the publication of the Alummschools and universities in various parts Directory, the promoti�n of the M a_gazine,of the country with regard to th� do�er and the arousing of interest which ledaffiliation of high-school and university to the Home-coming celebration. Muchcurricula. After these addresses and help and inspiration were given by Pro­the reading of the report of the Secre- fessor George E. Vincent, '98, one oftary, which appears be�ow, the more our own number, who was the offici a!formal part of the meeting came to a faculty representative on. the. Alumniclose and the members adjourned to Council. The Home-coming Idea �asenjoy a sociable half-hour in the recep- reaily his and many O[ the lead�ngtion room of the Club. The report of features were originally suggested by him.the secretary-treasurer, Herbert E. "The Doctors now number 63?'Slaught, '98, was as follows: including 19 who received the degree this"The first cali for organizing the Do�- week. Of the total number 14 aretors' Association was made by Presi- deceased, leaving 622 living Doctors.dent William Rainey Harper, in 1905, The new Directory shows them arrangedand the first complimentary luncheon was by departments and by years..given to the D?ctors. on June 12 of the "The following officers were nominatedsame year, making this the seventh occa- to succeed themselves and were electedsion of that kind. The attendance has by a mail vote in the usual manner:averaged about sixty, but each year there"President-Roy C. Flickinger, '04,are many responses to the a.nnoun.ce-ment of the annual meeting 111 which Evanston.316THE LAW SCHOOL ASSOCIATION"Vice-President-Frank H. Fowler,'96, Galesburg."Corresponding Secretary-Eleanor P.Hammond, '98, Chicago."Secr'etary-Treasurer-Herbert E.Slaught, '98, Chicago."Executive Committee-Gilbert A.Bliss, '00, Chicago, and Robert J. Bonner,'04, Chicago."Following is the financial statementfor the year ending June I7, I9II: Balance from 1910 '" $ 8.82Subscriptions received. . . . . . . . . .. 178.40Total received $187.22Paid for Magazine $ 82.00" "Directories.... . . . . . . . . . 3 2 • 43" postage, printing, clericalservice, etc... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.18Total expenses $156.61Balance on hand................ 30.61Total. $187.22"THE LAW SCHOOL ASSOCIATIONRUDOLPH E. SCHREIBER, '06, SecretaryThe fifth annual reunion and banquetof the University of Chicago Law SchoolAssociation was held on Friday eveningJune 9, I9II, at Vogelsang's restauranton Madison street. The principal speak­er of the evening was Mr. James H.Wilkerson, the government's specialcounsel in the suit against the Chicagopackers, who spoke On the recent de­cisions of the United States SupremeCourt in the oil and tobacco cases underthe Sherman anti-trust law. DeanJames P. Hall spoke to the Associationon behalf of the Law School faculty.F. E. Lindley, , II, made a short addressas a representative of this year's Seniorclass; and Robert L. Henry, '02, J.D.'08, from Baton Rouge, La., gave a brieftalk on behalf of the alumni. After thebanquet the annual business meetingwas held, and after a spirited contestOliver LeRoy McCaskill, '05, waselected president, James Wiggins Sim­onton, '08, was elected vice-president,and Rudolph E. Schreiber, '06, was re- elected secretary-treasurer for the ensu­ing year. Those present at the banquetwere:Ernst Freund; C. B. Whittier; Floyd R.Mechem; James H. Wilkerson; James P.Hall; Fred E. Lindley, 'II; Henry P.Chandler, '06; Robert L. Henry, '08; Ru­dolph E. Schreiber, '06; David F. Rosenthal,'06; Irving J. Solomon, '09; Leonard B.Zeisler, '10; Henry W. Lackey, '07; Harry C.Leemon, '06; Oliver L. McCaskill, '0S;Guy Van Shaick, '09; Walter D. Freyburger,'10; L. Barton; George R. Faust, '10; JamesH. Christensen, '09; Albert L. Hopkins,'08; Samuel C. Ross, '0S; John R. Cochran,'04; .Maurice Wallbrunn, '0S; Elias H.Henderson, '08; John Liver, '08; DavidS. Eisendrath, '09; H. Baker, '08; W. W.Cook; Charles F. Lauer, '10; W. R. Peacock,'09; Leo W. Hoffman, '00; Howard E.Flanagan, '10; Theodore Rubovits, 'oo; Leo. Spitz, '10; Jose W. Hoover, '08; Charles W.Paltzer, '09; Ralph Merriam, 'OS; CharlesP. Schwartz, '09; Roy D. Keehn, '04; JohnL. Hopkins, '07; R. B. Scott; James W.Simonton, '08; Samuel MacClintock, '96;Earl D. Hostetter, '09; Samuel D. HirschI,'°4·THE DIVINITY ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONFRED MERRIFIELD, '01, Secretary-TreasurerTHE ANNUAL MEETINGThe annual meeting of the DivinityAlumni Association was held Tuesday,June 13, at 3 :30 P.M. in Haskell AssemblyRoom. Reports were presented andofficers elected for 19II-12 as follows:President-Loren T. Bush, '71.First Vice-President-John L. Jackson, '76.Second Vice-President-J. Loring Cheney,'81.Third Vice-President-Frank L. Anderson,'01.Secretary-Treasurer-Fred Merrifield, '01.Executive Committee-Edgar J. Good­speed, '97; Arthur F. Purkiss, '04; Floyd 1.Beckwith, '07.NEWS NOTESThe dinner of the Divinity Alumni atthe Philadelphia meetings of the North­ern Baptist Convention was held atWanamaker's on June 20. One hundredand six were present, and speeches weremade by Shailer Mathews, Clifton D.Gray, '00, E. W. Clement, '80, AndrewMacLeish, and Dr. John Clifford, ofLondon, who thus within a week of re­ceiving his degree from the Universitymet with the alumni:F. C. Marshall, D.B., '88, has removed from DeRuyter, N.Y., to Watertown,N.Y.After a pastorate of nineteen years atthe Galilee Baptist Church, Chicago.Delno C. Henshaw, D.B., '92, hasaccepted the pastorate of the BaptistChurch at Hartford, Mich., and entersupon his work there July 1.Fred Merrifield, D.B., '01, after someyears of work as director of the BaptistStudents' Guild, at Ann Arbor, Mich.,has accepted an instructorship in NewTestament literature in the Universityof Chicago.E. A. Hanley, ex '02, for fouryears past, pastor of the First BaptistChurch, Providence, R.I., the oldestBaptist Church in America, has acceptedthe presidency of Franklin College,Franklin, Ind., of which he is an alum­nus.The marriage is announced of MetaCleora Rice of Oxnard, Cal., and EdgarS. Newschwander, ex '08, which tookplace at Oxnard on June 22.W. F. Bostick, a member of the Divin­ity School in 1909-10, has resigned thepastorate of the Western Avenue BaptistChurch, Chicago, completing his workthere August 1.THE COLLEGE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONTHE ANNUAL ELECTIONBallots for the annual election of theCollege Alumni Association were pre­pared in May and sent to all memberswho had paid their dues. The nomi­nating committee was chosen by Presi­dent Harry D. Abells and was composedof James W. Linn, '97, chairman; PaulV. Harper, '08, Charles F. Axelson, '07,and Helen Freeman, '05. The electionwas held open for a month in order toallow all returns to come in. Althoughthe ballots were on reply postal cards,several hundred alumni failed to vote.The result of the canvass was as follows:President-Charles S. Winston, '96.First Vice-President-James P. Gardner,'81.Second Vice-President-Mrs. Maude Rad­ford Warren, '94.Third Vice-President-Charles F. Roby,'00.Secretary-Harry A. Hansen, '09.Members of the Executive Committee­Earl D. Hostetter, '07; Mrs. Phoebe BellTerry, '08; Wayland W. Magee, '05.Charles S. Winston, the new presidentof the College Alumni Association re­ceived the degree of Bachelor of Arts fromthe University in 1896. He is a memberof the Order of the "C" and has beeninterested in alumni activities for manyyears. A year ago he was elected thirdvice-president of the College AlumniAssociation. He has served on numer­ous committees and has often given hishelp freely. Mr. Winston is in theelectrical supplies business and resides at5630 Monroe Ave.THE NEWEST ALUMNISeventy-five members of the Class of19II have paid their dues to SecretaryHansen and thereby have become mem­bers in good standing of the CollegeAlumni Association. About twenty-fivehave not yet sent in their contribution,but have promised to remit it within afew weeks. This record for promptpayment is one of the best in recentyears, according to the Secretary. Inthe past signed membership blanks havebeen lightly held by outgoing classes, some of the alumni failing to respond torepeated letters on the subject. Thequick response of the Class of 19II isbelieved to be due to the numerousalumni activities of the year, some ofwhich made an excellent impression onthe Seniors. Thirty-nine of the newalumni members are men and thirty-sixare women.NEWS FROM THECLASSESI874The address ,of Theodore N. Treat hasbeen changed from Plankinton, S.D., toSpringfield, S.D., where he has opened alaw office.I882E. F. Thompson, ex, formerly ofMagruder, Thompson & Candee, andFrank H. Clark, of Thompson & Clark,have formed a partnership with DwightD. Root for the general practice of law,under the firm name of ThompsonClark & Root, with offices at 32 NorthClark St.I895Hugo Jone has removed from Mem­phis, Tenn., to 752 Broadway, BrooklynN.Y., in order to accept a position withthe Empire State Dairy Co., The new address of William P. Osgoodis 1307 Newark Ave., Spokane, Wash.I896Charles D. Dibell has law offices at 503Woodruff Building, Joliet, Ill.Victor O. Johnson has removed fromTulsa, Okla., to Shoshone, Idaho, wherehe is an attorney for the National Wool­growers' Association, and a member ofthe firm of Johnson & Haddock.John F. Voigt is secretary and treas­urer of the Illinois State Bar Association.His residence address is 4436 DrexelBlvd.1897Marilla W. Freeman may be addressedin care of the Goodwyn Institute LibraryMemphis, Tenn., where she is librarian:320 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE1898Dora Wells is principal of the Schoolof Mechanical Arts for Girls, at WabashAve. and Twenty-sixth St.1900The new business address of Lee J.Frank is II2 Dearborn St. He residesat 39'76 Lake Ave.George H. Waid announces a change ofaddress from Royal Oak, R.F.D. No.2,Detroit, Mich., to Midland, Mich.George B. Watson announces a changeof business address to 69 W. Washing­ton St.I901The new office address of George G.Davis is the Peoples Gas Building,Chicago.Emsley W . Johnson, of the firm ofJohnson & Mehring, announces a changeof offices to Rooms 707-(}, Law Building,Indianapolis, Ind.1902Francis H. Gilchrist is real estate man­ager of the New York Telephone Com­pany, 15 Dey St., New York City, N.Y.The new business address of WalterL. Hudson is 2354 Cottage Grove Ave.,with residence at 1369 East 50th St.There was born to Mrs. R. O. Mi:les,nee Josephine Lackner, on Sunday, JuneII, a baby girl.-Helen M. Walker is an instructor inthe Departments of German and Englishat the University of Montana.1903Harry A. McGill, instructor in historyat the University of Michigan, lives at715 Church St., Ann Arbor.Peter C. de Jong may be addressed atManito, Ill.William J. McDowell is with the Gen­eral Vehicle Company's Chicago office at417, The Rookery. His home address is6131 Greenwood Ave.I905Arthur E. Lord now lives in Plano, Ill.John H. Weddell lives at 1353 WilsonAve.The new home address of Jaroslav J.'Zmrhal is 1869 Willard Ave.Charlotte Marie Donders, Ph.B., wasmarried in Chicago June 8, 1907, toD. Arthur Baer, a graduate of the Uni­versity of Iilinois and now electrolysisexpert for the Commonwealth Edison Co. This marriage was not noted in theAlumni Directory. Mr. and Mrs. Baerhave three children and reside at 2243Burling St.Leonard E. Gyllenhaal received thedegree of Master of Arts from the Uni­versity of Pennsylvania on June 21.Raymond R. Kelly may be addressedat 6031 Calumet Ave.1906Burton P. Gale now resides at 152South Hamlin Ave.Dorothea Visher is an assistant in theDepartment of Nature Study at CornellUniversity, Ithaca, N.Y.I907Charles F. Axelson may be addressedat 5142 Madison Ave.John N. Brown is in the Departmentof Latin and Greek, at Emory and HenryCollege, Emory, Va.Channing W. Gilson now lives inChicago, at 105 Quincy St.Clarence T. MacN eille is cashier in thebanking house of N. W. Halsey & Co. andlives at Glencoe, Ill.Joseph Pedott is superintendent of the, Chicago Hebrew Institute, at 1258 WestTaylor St. 'Edna V. Schmidt is principal of thehigh school of West Chicago, Ill.Leroy A. Van Patten is located at 1886Broadway, New York City, N.Y.Arthur C. Trowbridge, instructor inthe Department of Geology at the Uni­versity, has been elected professor ofgeology at the State University of Iowa,to succeed Dr. George F. Kay, latelymade head of the department and stategeologist. The announcement was madeon July 1.The Chicago Daily News of July Icontained the following interesting newsregarding the removal of Mrs. EvalynCornelius Gould from Seoul, Korea, toVancouver, B.C.:Mr. and Mrs. Ozro Gould disappointedtheir Chicago friends by not coming to thiscity before Mr. Gould took up his duties asAmerican vice-consul at Vancouver. Mrs.Gould is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs.Charles Cornelius of the south side and hasbeen living in Korea ever since her marriage.She and Mr. Gould landed from there at SanFrancisco a few weeks ago and went direct toVancouver. Mrs. Gould's brother, MartinPhelps Cornelius, and his bride are living onthe Midway, opposite the University ofChicago.THE COLLEGE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION1008Alga C. Anderson may be addressed at9034 Erie St.Nellie B. Green lives at 413 NorthMain St., Fairfield, Ia.Elizabeth Johnston is head of theDepartment of English of ShurtleffCollege, 128 Evergreen Ave., UpperAlton, Ill.Una M. Jones teaches English in thehigh school of Pendleton, Ore.Grace P. Norton now resides at 5137Monroe Ave.Flora E. Pope is assistant superin­tendent of the public schools at Lynn,Mass.Hugh A. ·Owen, principal of the highschool at Orosi, CaL, has been made prin­cipal of the Exeter Union High Schoolat Exeter, Cal.Nora B. Stevenson is professor ofhistory and economics at Sioux FallsCollege, Sioux Falls, S.D.Olga Vondracek has changed her ad­dress to 1510 Fourth Ave., Cedar Rapids,la.1909Edson S. Bastin may be addressed atWashington, D.C., in care of the UnitedStates Geological Survey. .George E. Fuller may be addressed incare of the Federal Electric Co.Harvey E. Meagher is with the Jahn& Ollier Engraving Co., 552-54 WestAdams St.Elizabeth L. Thielens lives at 1501Wabash Ave., Mattoon, Ill.Stephen S. Visher is instructor ingeology at the University of SouthDakota, at Vermilion, S.D.Rev. Walter S. Pond, recently ordaineda minister of the Anglican church, maybe addressed at 5107 Kimbark Ave.I910Eleazar R. Bowie may be addressed incare of the Hahnemann Medical College,Philadelphia, Pa.Herman Deutsch lives at 5815 Michi­gan Ave.Margaret McCallie is studying inGermany and will be in Chattanooga,Tenn., after 1912.Edith S. Reider is now superintendentof -the Central Association of EvanstonCharities, Evanston, Ill.Isaac N. Warner has moved from Nor­mal, IlL, to Platteville, Wis., where heis an instructor in the State NormalSchool. 32I19IINellie S. Beam has taken the positionof instructor in English in the academyat Ottawa, Ill.Aleck G. Whitfield is taking specialwork in the University this summer.Roy Baldridge is traveling in Europe.Vallee O. Appel, president of the class,is registered in the University. He maybe addressed at 1345 East Fifty-third St.S. Edwin Earle is with the NorthernBank Note Co., Plymouth Place.Benjamin Wilk is traveling representa­tive for the Fairchild Co., publishers,Lees Building.The principalship of the Yorkvillehigh school, of Yorkville, Ill., has beengiven to Mary Staley. Miss Staley isthe daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John R.Staley of Joliet" Ill.ENGAGEMENTS'99. Charles· Klauher and EleanorFreund. Mr. Klauher is engaged inliterary work. Miss Freund matricu­lated at the University in 1907. Themarriage will take place early in the fall.'03. Hester Ridlon, daughter of Dr.and Mrs. John Ridlon, and Joseph L.Hempstead of Brooklyn, N.Y. Dr. Ridlongraduated in 1875 from the University ofChicago.MARRIAGES'05. Adele Lackner, ex, daughter ofMr. and Mrs. Ernest Lackner of 3201Calumet Avenue, and Harry NicholsWhitford on May 21. While at theUniversity, the bride taught in the Schoolof Education. The groom is chief in­vestigator for the Bureau of Forestry inthe Philippines. Mr. and Mrs. Whitfordsailed from San Francisco for Manila onJune 6.'05. Alice Seton Thompson and Hel­mut Berens, '06, on Saturday evening,June 24, in the Austin PresbyterianChurch. Harvey B. Lemon, '06, wasbest man, and Olive E. Hanna, ex '07,sang three selections. After October I,19II, Mr. and Mrs. Berens will be athome in Elmhurst, Ill.'06. George A. Stephens of Lincoln,Neb., and Anna Roosa of Topeka, Kan.,in Topeka on June IS. Mr. Stephens i9a graduate of Baker University, Baldwin,Kan., and received the degree of Masterof Arts from the University of Chicago322 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEin 1906, and that of Doctor of Philosophyin the Department of Political Economyin 1909. For the past two years he hasbeen teaching in the Department ofPolitical Economy in the University ofNebraska at Lincoln. Mrs. Stephenswas a member of the class of 1912 atBaker University. They will be athome to friends in Lincoln, Neb., afterSeptember 15.'07. Edwin H. Parry, ex, and Mrs.Grace Vaughan at Crown Point, Ind., onJune 21. Mr. Parry is connected withthe O'Dea Real Estate Company, 218Randolph St. They will make theirhome in Chicago.'07. Edna F. McCormack of WestMonroe, La., and Elton J. Moulton, '08,fellow in the University, on June 18.They reside at 5742 Jackson Ave.,Chicago.'07. Claude S. Tingley, S.M., '10,and Helen Eloise Boor, daughter of Mr.and Mrs. William Henry Boor, at San­dusky, 0., on May 29. Miss Boor wasa sophomore at the University. Mr. andMrs. Tingley will live at DeLand, Fla.,the groom being an instructor in John B.Stetson University there.'08. Charles Baird Willard, ex, andLouise Mansfield Cowdrey, daughter ofMr. and Mrs. Edward Gilmore Cowdreyof 1367 North State Street, on the eveningof June 9, at the home of the bride'sparents. Bishop C. P. Anderson readthe service. Mr. and Mrs. Willard willmake their home at 556 WellingtonAve.'09. Thomas Harper Goodspeed, ex,and Florence Beman, daughter of Mr.and Mrs. Solon Spencer Beman, at thehome of the bride's parents on June 17.Mr. and Mrs. Goodspeed will be at homeon September 6 at 2617 LeConte Ave.,Berkeley, Cal.'09. Virginia H. Admiral and ArthurOwen Daby, in Chicago, on July 16.Miss Admiral is the daughter of NicholasAdmiral, 6151 Greenwood Ave., and Mr.Daby is the eldest son of Mrs. JeremiahR. Daby of Waukegan, Ill.'09. Robert Clack, ex, son of Dr. andMrs. W. R. Clack of Clear Lake, Ia., andGeorgia Edith Gordon of Tein Tsin,China, at Tein Tsin, on March 21.Professor Clack did graduate work at theUniversity in the summer of 1909, and isnow head of the department of mathe­matics at the University of China. The bride is a daughter of the late Dr. Gordonof Chicago.'10. Harlan Orville Page and LouiseMarie Speed, on June 14 at the Churchof the Epiphany, Chicago, by the Rev.Franklin Cole Sherman. The weddingof the former football captain was wit­nessed by the members of the Japanesebaseball team and a number of formerUniversity athletes. Director A. A.Stagg was also present. A reception tookplace at the home of the bride's grand­parents, Mr. and Mrs. John D. Rogers,321 South Irving Ave., after the cere­mony. Mr. Page will assist Coach Staggduring the coming year. Mr. and Mrs.Page have made their home at 5438 Lex­ington Ave.'10. Harry Osgood Latham, son ofMr. and Mrs. Harry Hubbard Latham,and Marjorie Lieschen, daughter of Mr.and Mrs. Henry E. Scholle, on Saturday,June 3.'10. Roy James Maddigan, ex, sonof Mr. and Mrs. James B. Maddigan,6951 Vernon Ave., Cincinnati, and MaryKreibel, of Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, onApril 26, at the home of the Rev. GeorgeA. Thayer, the officiating clergyman.The groom is a member of the Phi KappaPsi fraternity and was the star discus­thrower on the University track team atone time.DEATHSJohn C. Van Schaack, of the :firm ofEstes and Co., chemical manufacturers,of Washington, D.C., died suddenly atthe Ebbitt House in Washington on April26. Death was caused by heart disease,from which Mr. Van Schaack had longsuffered. Mr. Van Schaack was born atManlius, N.Y., in 1858, and came toChicago in 1865. He attended the oldUniversity of Chicago, at Thirty-thirdStreet and Rhodes Ave. He is survivedby one son, Calvin of New York, and twobrothers, Robert H. and Cornelius P.Van Schaack, both of Chicago.'01. Word has been received of thedeath of Grace Holstead on June 9, atthe family home in Tama, Ia. MissHolstead received the degree of A.B.from the University and later served as amissionary among the Musguskie Indians.'03. Carl William Eisendrath, S.B.,died recently in Chicago. Mr. Eisen­drath was president of the MonarchLeather Company.UNDERGRADUATE LIFESENIOR CLASS EXERCISESThe passing of the Seniors was ob­served in the exercises of the SpringFinals, which occupied the week fromJune 6 to June I3. The principal eventswere the Senior College Contest inPublic Speaking for the Julius Rosen­wald prize, the Junior College DayExercises, Interscholastic Day, and ClassDay.In the Public Speaking Contest, PaulH.Davis won first honors with the oration"Paying Our Social Debt." Paul M.O'Dea, speaking on "The Closed Shop,"and Hazel L. Stillman on "The Defeatof Charles E. Merriam" received secondand third places respectively.Edward B. Hall, Jr., was chairman ofJunior College Day, of which the prin­cipal .event, the interclass dance, tookplace at 8 o'clock in the evening inFrank Dickinson Bartlett Gymnasium.Class Day on Monday, June 12, on whichthe last general gathering of the classtook place, was favored with clear skiesuntil the middle of the afternoon, whena shower was the cause of part of theprogram being given indoors. TheClass Bench exercises were participatedin by the following:Address by the President of the Class-Vallee O. AppelClass History-May J. CareyClass Poem-Mary L. EttenClass Oration-Herbert G. HopkinsPresentation of the Cap and Gown to theClass of I9I2-Hazel L. StillmanResponse for the Class of I9I2-Isabelle F.JarvisPresentation of the Hammer to the Classof I9I2-Calvin O. SmithResponse for the Class of ror a=-BenjaminF. BillsPresentation of the Senior Bench to theClass of I9I2-Hilmar R. BaukhageResponse for the Class of I9I2-Ira N.Davenport .Presentation of the Class Gift-EsmondR. LongResponse on behalf of the University­President Harry Pratt JudsonMR. ROCKEFELLER'S LETTERThe Undergraduate Council recentlyreceived a letter from Mr. John D. Rocke- feller, thanking its members for theresolutions of appreciation which theCouncil formally adopted, expressinggratitude to the Founder for his giftsto the University. The letter is asfollows:I am deeply gratified by the resolutionadopted at your meeting of January 13, acopy of which you have kindly sent me, andespecially your pledge of loyalty to the Uni­versity. The brightest hope for its ultimatefuture is in the loyalty of its alumni, and itwill be a lasting satisfaction to me, to feelthat I have been privileged to co-operate withthem, in the upbuilding of an institutionwhich will be of permanent usefulness to ourcommon country.Sincerely yours,, JOHN D. ROCKEFELLERDRAMATICSUnder the direction of Mr. HansGronow of the Department of German,the German Club presented two plays,followed by a dance, on the night ofMay 5, in the Reynolds Club. Theproductions, Geburtstags Freuden, byHans Arnold, and Als Verlobte empfehlensich, by Ernest Wichert, were wellhandled by the following undergradu­ates: Robert Berens, Winifred Cutting,Mary Gouwens, Carl Toepfer, ByronHartley, Arthur Vollmer, Ewald Pietsch,Selma Schiffman, Margaret Blum, Don­ald Grey, Marx Holt, and Gladys Getchell.As a climax to a year of successfulwork, the French Club presented theplay A quai revent les jeunes filles,in Greenwood Hall on the evening ofMay I2. Although the audience wasmade up largely of students who under­stood but little of the dialogue, the playwas so well given that the audience wasmost favorably impressed. The coach­ing was done by Miss Susanne Morin.The cast of characters included SusanneFisher, Mona Quayle, Emanda Gris­wold, Susanne Morin, Letitia Fyffe, andBlanche Mason.THE BLACKFRIARSBefore crowded houses in the LeonMandel Assembly Hall on the evenings323THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINEof May 19 and 20 the Blackfriars pre­sented their 19II production, CapturingCalypso. With capable acting, singing,and dancing, the members of the castand chorus received encore after encore.Miss Mary Wood Hinman arranged thespecial dances, and Herbert P. Stothart,of the University of Wisconsin, stagedthe production.Among the numbers which seemed toplease best were the Greek dance byFrank Parker and Curtis Rogers, the" College Poster Man" chorus, and"Hanrahan," by Roy Baldridge .. Thefirst took the audience by storm. HIlmarBaukhage gave a finished performancein the part of Alexandrides. The danceof Floyd Willett and Dick Meyers afterthe chafing-dish scene almost equaledthe Greek dance in popularity. Theacting was as good as any yet seen inBlackfriar plays.Although the dub did not realiz� 3;smuch financially as was expected, It ISfelt that the year has been a successfulone. The $100 offer fOT a Chicago songis to be continued. Fifty dollars willbe paid for the words, and the sameamount for the music.The men elected to the order are:Donald Hollingsworth, Curtis Rogers,Dana Atchley, Elmer Thomas, NormanElstrom, Harvey Schick, Harold Ram­ser William E. Stanley, Ogden Cole­ma'n, Dudley Dunn, William Keeler,Oren B. Batchelor, Howell Murray,Charles Goodrich, Robert Simond, Rob­ert Stenson, Theodore Ford, NormanPaine, Rudy Matthews, Kenneth Sponsel,and Harold Wright.The officers for next year are:Abbot-Maynard SimondPrior-H. Russell StappScribe-Junius ScofieldHospitaler-Earl HuttonMember Executive Committee-William Merrill SCHOLARSHIPS AND PRIZESOn the annual Civil Government Ex­amination which was given on Saturday,May 13, six students competed for thecash prize of $200. First place was wonby Max Daniels, with honorable mentionto Zuntsoon Zee. The papers of four ofthe contestants, Max Daniels, A. M.Squair, J. E. Lebensohn, and ZuntsoonZee were so nearly on a level that it tooksome time to decide which was the bestwork. The judges were Professor Nor­man D. Harris of Northwestern Uni­versity, Elton Lower of the Civil ServiceCommission, and Frederick D. Bramhall,'02, of the University Faculty.The six students taking the exam­ination were A. M. Squair, J. E. Leben­sohn, Hilding Peterson, David Greenburg,Max Daniels, and Zuntsoon Zee. Thecontest was won last year by HirschSoble out of twelve competitors. Twomore' examinations of this nature willbe given before the offer expires.In the finals of the Junior PublicSpeaking contest, held on May 18, inCobb Lecture Hall, scholarships of$120, $80, and $40 were awarded toPhilip Grossman, Albert Duncan, andLeo Hoffman, respectively. PhilipGrossman spoke on the affirmative andAnna Melka on the negative of the sub­ject "United States Senators ShouldBe 'Elected by Popular Vote." LeoHoffman upheld the affirmative andAlbert Duncan the negative of theproposition, "The Referendum Is Ad­visable in Legislative Matters." Thejudges were Dean Albion W. Small, Dr ..Alonzo K. Parker, and Frederick D.Bramhall, '02. The speakers were lim­ited to twelve minutes. In this contestthe students were assigned books andpamphlets to read on the subjects ofpopular and delegated government.Two months were given for preparation.IHE ALUMNI COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITYOF CHICAGOChairman, HARRY D. ABELLS, S. B. '97Secretary, HARRY A. HA�SEl\, Ph.B. '09Treasurer, RUDOLPH E. SCHREIBER, Ph.B. '04, J.D. '06�E COUNCIL is composed of the following delegates:From the College Alumni Association, HARRY D. ABELLS, '97, and HARRY A. HANSEN, '09.From the Association of Doctors of Philosophy, Roy C. FLICKINGER, '04, and HERBERT E.SLAUGHT, '98.From the Divinity Alumni Association, JUDSON B. THOMAS, '80, and EDGAR J. GOODSPEED, '97.From the Law School Association, HENRY P. CHANDLER, '06, and RUDOLPH E. SCHREIBER, '06.�E COUNCIL meets regularly on the first Tuesday in the months of October, November, December,January, February, March, April, and May. All communications intended for the Council should beaddressed to the Alumni Council Secretary, Ellis Hall, The University, or Telephone -Midway 800.DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ALUMNI CLUBSlL ALUMNI and former students of the University are eligible to membership in the local clubs.THE CHICAGO ALUMNI CLUB, W. J. McDowell, 6131 Greenwood Ave., Chicago.THE CHICAGO ALUMNAE CLUB, Hazel D. Kelly, 3243 Monroe St., Chicago.THE EASTERN ALUMNI CLUB, George A. Young, '02, Hotel Margaret, Brooklyn, andMaudie L. Stone, '97, 525 Fifth St., Brooklyn, N.Y.THE NEW ENGLAND ALUMNI CLUB, Rev. E. M. Lake, '97, 80 Berkeley Street, Lawrence, Mass.THE TWIN CITY ALUMNI CLUB, O. O. Whited, '05,1206 Fifth St., S.E., Minneapolis, Minn.THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN ALUMNI CLUB, H. D. Warner, '04, 1635 Williams St., Denver, Colo.THE NORTHWEST ALUMNI CLUB, Dr. Samuel D. Barnes, '95, 306 Arcade Building, Seattle, Wash.THE UTAH ALUMNI CLUB, Robert A. McBroom, '01, 613 Tribune Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.THE PHILIPPINE ALUMNI CLUB, Frank R. White, '01, Bureau of Education, Manila, P.I.THE NORTHERN OHIO ALUMNI CLUB, John W. Perrin, Ph.D., '95, Case Library, Cleveland, O.THE WASHINGTON (D.C.) ALUMNI CLUB, Arthur Minnick, '97, Patent Office, Washington, D.C.THE PHILADELPHIA ALUMNI CLUB, Edwin D. Solenberger, '00, 1506 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa,THE ROCK ISLAND ALUMI'i'I CLUB, George G. Perrin, '06, M. W.A. Bldg., Rock Island, Ill.THE ROCKFORD ALUMNI CLUB, Dr. Dudley W. Day, '04, Ashton Building, Rockford, Ill.THE PITTSBURGH ALUMNI CLUB, Mrs. Eugenia Weller, '97, 5747 Howe Street, Pittsburgh, Pa.THE MILWAUKEE ALUMNI CLUB, Theo. Hammond, '85, Goldsmith Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis.THE JAPAN ALUMNI CLUB, Sakae Shioya, '03, Higher Normal School, Tokyo. .THE MICHIGAN ALUMNrCLUB.THE OREGON ALUMNI CLUB, Mrs. Pearl Hunter Weber, '99, Independence, Ore.THE KANSAS CITY ALUMNI CLUB, Mrs. Inghram D. Hook, '05, Kansas City, Mo.THE SIOUX CITY ALUMNI CLUB, Carrie Brown, A.M. '07, 124 Floyd Ave., Sioux City, Ia.THE SPRINGFIELD ALUMNI CLUB, Harvey Solenberger, 507 Ferguson Bldg., Springfield, Ill.1'HE ST. LOUIS ALUMNI CLU·Bj Alice Lachmund, '01, 3862 Russell Ave., St. Louis, Mo.THE DES MOINES ALUMNI CLUB, Florence E. Richardson,' Ph.D., '08, Drake University, DesMoines,Ia.'fHE ANACONDA ALUMNI CLUB, George E. Nunn, '07, Anaconda, Mont.THE INDIANAPOLIS ALUMNI CLUB, Emsley W. Johnson, '01, Law Building, Indianapolis, Ind.THE SOUTHERN OHIO ALUMNI CLUB, Rev. Alonzo W. Fortune, '05, Walnut H·ills, Cincinnati, Ohio.DIRECTORY OF ALUMN� ASSOCIATION![Represented in the Alumni Council]THE COLLEGE ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONPresident, CHARLES S. WINSTON, '96 Second Vice-President, MRS. MAUDE RADFORD WARREN,'9First Vice-President, JAMES P. GARDNER, '81 Third Vice-President, CHARLES F. ROBY, '00Secretary, HARRY A. HANSEN, '09Executive Committee:DONALD R. RICHBERG, '01Roy D, KEEHN, '02STACY MOSSER, :97 HUGO FRIEND, '05HARRY F. ATWOOD, '98MARIE ORTMA YER, '06EARLD. HOSTETTER, '07ANNUAL MEETING: Convocation Day in June.MEMBERSHIP in the Association is open to all who hold a Baccalaureate degree from the Universit'Annual dues, ONE DOLLAR a year" payable to the secretary. All members will receive TAUniversity of Chz'cago Magazine.NEWS NOTES, changes of address, and communications for the Magazine should be sent promptly tthe secretary. MRS. PHOEBE BELL TERRY, '08WAYLAND W. MAGEE, '05VALLEE O. ApPEL, 'I ITHE ASSOCIATION OF DOCTORS OF PHILOSOPHYPresident, Roy C. FLICKINGER, '04Secretary- Treasurer, HERBERT E. SLAUGHT, '98 Vice-President, FRANK H. FOWLER, '96'Corresponding Secretary, ELEANOR P. HAMMOND,'9Executive Committee:The officers and GILBERT A. BLISS, '00, and ROBERT J. BONNER, '04ANNUAL MEETING: Monday of Convocation week. in June, at 12 o'clock, at the Quadrangle Club.MEMBERSHIP in the Association includes all who hold the Ph.D. degree from the University. Annual duelONE DOLLAR AND FIFTY CENTS, payable to the secretary-treasurer at the time of the annulimeeting, or upon receipt of notice. All members will receive The University of ChicagMagazine.NEWS NOTES of academic interest to the Doctors should be sent promptly to the secretary-treasure!Faculty Exchange, the University. These include appointments and promotions, publications oresearch, and participation in educational or scientific associations, either as officers or contributorof papers or addresses.THE DIVINITY ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONPresident, LOREN T. BUSH, '7 IFirst Vice-President, JOHN L. JACKSON, '76 Second Vice-President, JAMES L. CHENEY, '81Third Vice-President, FRANK L. ANDERSON, '01Secretary- Treasurer, FRED MERRIFIELD, '01Executive Committee: EDGAR J. GOODSPEED, '97, ChairmanFLOYD 1. BECKWITH, '07ANNUAL MEETING: During Convocation week in June, on call.MEMBERSHIP in the Association is open to all graduates of the Divinity School. Annual dues, fifty centa year, payable to the secretary-treasurer. The University of Chicago Magazine will be furnisheto members at $1.00 per year.NEWS NOTES, changes of address, and communications for the Magazine should be sent promptly to thlsecretary-treasurer, Faculty Exchange, the University. ARTHUR F. PUR KISS, '04THE LAW SCHOOL ASSOCIATIONPresident, OLIVER L. MCCASKILL, '05 Vice-President, JAMES W. SIMONTON, '08Secretary-Treasurer, RUDOLPH E. SCHREIBER, '06ANNUAL MEETING: During Convocation week in the Spring Quarter. The annual dinner follows thbusiness meeting. ,MEMBERSHIP is open to all former students of at least three quarters' residence, and to all instructorin the School. Annual dues, fifty cents a year, payable to the secretary-treasurer, 1012 Fort Dearborn Building, Chicago. The University of Chicago Magazine will be furnished to members a$1.00 per year.NEWS NOTES, changes of address, and communications for the Magazine should be sent promptly to thsecretary-treasurer.