On the cover: Dr. Joseph B. Kirsner offers practical medical advice toa patient. A n internationally recognized authority in his field, hismajor clinical interest and research activities have dealt chiefly withpeptic ulcer and gastric secretion. regional enteritis and ulcerativecolitis, and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. He is author or co­author of more than 400 publications.See the center section of this issue for our special feature on "Reflec­tions of a Gastroenterologist.In this issueThe functions of the Section on Gastro­enterology of the Department of Medicineare discussed with great clarity and per­ception by Dr. Joseph B. Kirsner, a mem­ber of the Chicago faculty for more than35 years. His article also is a strongstatement in favor of balance in medicalscience.Late this fall, a IS-year project to isolatepure erythropoietin was concluded suc­cessfully by Dr. Eugene Goldwasser andhis colleagues. Dr. Goldwasser's appraisalof the work and its possible consequencesbegins on page 9.The minority student recruitment pro­gram at The University of Chicago now isin its third year and Dr. Lloyd Fergusonhas provided a progress report coveringthe accomplishments of the period.In this issue are the first Letters to theEditor, a forum that is open to all readersof Medicine on the Midway.Material relating to the Annual MedicalAlumni Banquet may be found on page28. Dr. Sidney Schulman, Alumni Presi­dent, discusses the banquet and the resultsof the three-year national drive to raise$500,000 for the medical school. His letterappears on page 29.CAREER OPPORTUNITIES PROVIDEDBY HOSPITAL TRAINING PROGRAMDR. JACOBSON IS REAPPOINTED DEAN1971 ALPHA OMEGA ALPHA LECTURETO BE GIVEN BY DR. A. R. FEINSTEINHEART ASSOCIATION ELECTS DR. KOHNTHE MODEL AUDIOLOGISTFRONTIERS SERIES TO BE PUBLISHEDDR. HANS HECHT HONORED BY MEDICAL MAGAZINEANESTHESIOLOGISTS WIN EXHIBIT AWARDTwo NAMED PROFESSORSHIPS ANNOUNCEDTHE PURIFICATION OF ERYTHROPOIETINMINORITY STUDENTS RECRUITING PROGRAM:A PROGRESS REPORTREFLECTIONS OF A GASTROENTEROLOGISTUNIVERSITY REPRESENTED AT AAAS ANNUAL MEETINGApPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONSNEWS OF ALUMNINEWS OF RUSH ALUMNINEWS OF FORMER RESIDENTS AND FACULTYHILGER PERRY JENKINS LOAN FUNDFACULTY NEWSOBITUARIESLETTERS To THE EDITORA LETTER FROM THE ALUMNI PRESIDENT 2Contents345677789121321212223232324262829Bulletin of the Medical Alumni Association of The University of ChicagoDivision of the Biological Sciences and The Pritzker School of Medicine950 East 59th StreetChicago, Illinois 60637Volume 26 Spring 1971 No.1Editor: Virginia M. SnodgrassMedical Alumni Association: Sidney Schulman, '46, President; Edward S. Lyon,'53, Vice-President; Henry P. Russe, '57, Secretary; Catherine L. Dobson, '30,Treasurer; Katherine T. Wolcott, Executive Secretary. Council Members are:Robert L. Schmitz, '38; Lampis D. Anagnostopoulos, '61; C. Frederick Kittle,'45, and Heinz Kohut.Cover photograph by Lloyd Eldon SaundersCareer Opportunities ProvidedBy Hospital Training ProgramAn in-hospital education program thataffords unusually attractive opportunitiesfor career advancement has attracted a 25per cent employee response in its first year.The Department of Education and Train­ing at the Hospitals and Clinics sponsors10 different educational courses for em­ployees (all tuition-free) in the areas ofnursing, laboratory sciences, clerical, andmanagement.In addition, there are basic courses inEnglish and mathematics for employeeswho need training in these areas beforethey can be eligible for further study. Ageneral educational diploma class also isavailable for those students who need thatcertification in order to advance.Mrs. Sally Holloway is the Director of thesix-man Department of Education andTraining. Other staff members are Mrs.Ruth Gerber and Miss Susan Ruebush, edu­cational coordinators; Mrs. Helen Johnsonand Mrs. Dorothy Bennett, who have pri­mary responsibilities of teaching, and Mrs.Sue Casimere, secretary.Some 500 employees, nearly 25 per centof the total work force at the hospitals,have completed or are presently enrolledin one of the Department's courses.The goals of the Department were ex­plained by Mrs. Holloway, who said:"By providing the knowledge and skillsnecessary for various positions in the hos­pital, our courses can give employees thekey to open the door to hospital careerareas previously closed to them."Until recently, people who failed to makeit through the public educational system,as it now exists, were left to flounder indead-end, dehumanizing situations, andwere not prepared for a labor market inwhich there were opportunities to advance."This situation is particularly critical now,as hospitals are providing health careservices to increasing numbers of peopleand increased technology is creating a de­mand for higher level skills." Training in the four areas is on the "ca­reer-ladder" system. In the area of nursing,for example, a person with entry levelskills can begin employment as an aide inGeneral Services or Dietary, complete thenursing assistant training, attend theL.P.N. course, and, hopefully in the nearfuture, be able to complete R.N. training.The concept of in-hospital education hasgained increasing acceptance around thecountry and it had been discussed by theadministrative staff at the Hospitals andClinics for several years before the De­partment was organized and classes beganin 1969.According to Mrs. Holloway, the greatestbarrier that had to be overcome was "anantidevelopment attitude.""For example," she said, "the notion thatpeople ought to be able to 'make it' on their own, no matter what the obstaclesand barriers, is widespread and often pre­vents cooperation with programs for de­veloping manpower. The notion of therugged pioneer making it on his own inthe drive westward resulted in a cult ofindividualism that still is very much a partof our culture."Other barriers she cited are internal reser­vations of the students, the social situationsof some employees, and occasional unco­operative supervisory and peer attitudestoward students.The positive forces operant, Mrs. Hollo­way said, are the exceptional support ofthe Department by the hospital adminis­tration and the cooperation between theDepartment of Education and Trainingand other hospital departments, some ofwhich have provided teaching personneland helped to develop curriculum.Staff meeting in the Department of Education and Training at the Hospitals and Clinics.Mrs. Sally Holloway, lower right, is the Director of the Department,Dr. Jacobson IS Reappointed DeanDr. Leon O. Jacobson, 59, has been re­appointed Dean of the Division of theBiological Sciences and The PritzkerSchool of Medicine at The University ofChicago for a five-year term. Dr. Jacobsonis also the Joseph Regenstein Professor ofBiological and Medical Sciences at theUniversity.His reappointment, effective January 1,1971, was announced by Edward H. Levi,President of the University, upon recom­mendation by the Provost and after con­sultation with a faculty committee.Dr. Jacobson first was appointed Dean ofthe Division of the Biological Sciences onJanuary 1, 1966. He is the first alumnusof the University's school of medicine toserve as Dean of the Division.Commenting on the reappointment, Presi­dent Levi said:"The last five years has been a periodof great achievement in the biomedicalsciences. At The University of Chicago,The Pritzker School of Medicine wasestablished and an affiliation with MichaelReese Hospital was begun. The pace ofdiscovery in the basic biological sciencesas well as in the medical sciences hasaccelerated. The medical curriculum hasbeen completely revised. New facilitieshave been built and others are underconstruction."We have been fortunate in having Dr.Jacobson's distinguished leadership in thisperiod of remarkable development. Weare doubly fortunate that he will continueto serve in the difficult years which lieimmediately ahead. The discovery of newknowledge, the improved training of phy­sicians and biological scientists, and thedelivery of new modes of health servicesmust continue; there are many difficultieswhich must be surmounted. I am delightedthat Dr. Jacobson will continue to devotehis considerable talents, energy, and wis­dom to the solution of these complex andimportant problems." Dr. Leon O. JacobsonAs noted by President Levi, during Dr.Jacobson's tenure there has been con­siderable expansion of facilities. Muchrenovation has been accomplished in theolder buildings. New quarters for the BenMay Laboratory, on top of the ChronicDiseases Hospital, are expected to be com­pleted this spring. Emergency facilities ofthe Hospitals and Clinics have beengreatly expanded.The A. J. Carlson Animal Research Fa­cility was opened in November of 1969.The Cummings Life Science Center nowis under construction and will providemodern laboratory and classroom facilitiesin the basic biological sciences. Plans arebeing discussed for the Brain ResearchInstitute-Surgery Building.Three new departments have been formedduring Dr. Jacobson's chairmanship. Theyare Anesthesiology, Ophthalmology, andTheoretical Biology. A native of North Dakota, Dr. Jacobsonreceived a B.S. degree in 1935 from NorthDakota State University and an M.D. de­gree in 1939 from The University ofChicago. He served his internship andresidency in internal medicine at the Uni­versity's Hospitals and Clinics and joinedthe faculty in 1942 with the rank ofInstructor in Medicine.Prior to his appointment as Dean, heserved as Chairman of the Department ofMedicine and as Director of the ArgonneCancer Research Hospital, which is oper­ated by the University for the U.S. AtomicEnergy Commission.Because of his work on blood formationand diseases of the blood, he received aspecial award from the American NuclearSociety in 1963, the first physician sohonored by this organization.In April, 1965, Dr. Jacobson was electedto the National Academy of Sciences, oneof the highest honors a scientist can re­ceive in this country. In 1967, he waselected to membership in the AmericanAcademy of Arts and Sciences.Dr. Jacobson has been a member of nu­merous advisory boards and committees.At present, he is a consultant to theInstitute for Cancer Research, Philadel­phia, Pennsylvania; a member of theScientific Advisory Board of the Institutefor Advanced Learning in the MedicalSciences of the City of Hope Hospital; aconsultant to the University of Californiaat Berkeley, and a member of the NationalAdvisory Cancer Council of the NationalInstitutes of Health.His professional honors and awards dateto 1953, when he received the JanewayMedal of the American Radium Society.More recently, he received a City of HopeNational Medical Center Citation for dis­tinguished leadership in medical educationand research.He has written or collaborated on morethan 150 articles and continues to beactive in patient care and research.1971 Alpha Omega Alpha LectureTo Be Given By Dr. A. R. FeinsteinDr. Alvan R. Feinstein, a 1952 graduateof The Pritzker School of Medicine, willdeliver the 1971 Alpha Omega Alpha Lec­ture at The University of Chicago.Dr. Feinstein now is chief of the Veter­ans Administration Eastern Research Sup­port Center and professor of medicine andepidemiology at Yale University.His lecture here is entitled "ClinicalJudgment and Basic Science" and will bedelivered at 5 p.m. Tuesday, April 20, inthe Frank Billings Auditorium (P-1l7).The lecture will be preceded by a tea at4:30 p.m. and followed by a dinner party,scheduled to begin at 6: 30 p.m. at theQuadrangle Club.Dr. Feinstein is expected to arrive oncampus -in time for the general medicalrounds Tuesday, April 20. Followingrounds, he will hold informal conferenceswifh students and staff. On Wednesday, hewill hold further conferences and will at­tend the Medicine-Pediatrics Conferenceat 12: 30 p.m. that day.Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Dr.Feinstein attended the University of Penn­sylvania before entering the U.S. Armyfor service during World War II. In 1946,he resumed his academic career, choosingThe University of Chicago where he re­ceived both a B.S. and M.S. degrees beforehe decided on a career in medicine. Hereceived his M.D. degree in 1952.He served his internship and residencyin medicine at Yale-New Haven Hospitaland then went to the Rockefeller Instituteand, later, Columbia-Presbyterian MedicalCenter in New York City.In 1962, he returned to Yale and Joinedthe staff of the Veterans AdministrationHospital, West Haven, Conn., as chief ofclinical pharmacology. In 1964, he wasnamed chief of clinical biostatistics at theV A Hospital and, in 1967, chief of theEastern Research Support Center.In his teaching activities at Yale, hereorganized the physical diagnosis coursecompletely. His aptitude for teaching re- Eleven members of the Class of 1971were elected to membership in AlphaOmega Alpha, medical honorary so­ciety, at the faculty AOA meetingheld this fall. They are:David AltmanRobert ChaffeeDorothy DaviesJohn DetwilerWilliam DockenRobert DreisinWilliam FoxDavid FrankElmer KaspersonGerald SchertzGeorge Wuceived formal recogmtion in 1969 whenhe received the Blake Award, voted bystudents to the outstanding teacher at theYale University School of Medicine. He is a prolific writer and is a memberof the editorial boards of several medicaljournals. He has been a visiting professorat many medical institutions in the UnitedStates and Europe.His hobbies include playing the guitarand collecting folk songs, a pastime begunin college days and pursued "long beforefolk songs became fashionable."(Editor's Note: Below are excerpts from an ar­ticle in Modern Medicine magazine profiling Dr.Alvan R. Feinstein, '52. Those wishing to readthe entire article may consult the October 5,1970 issue.)"Man is worthy of scientific attention notas tissue, not as blood, not as urine, notas molecules-but as man." This human­istic statement reflects the contention byDr. Alvan R. Feinstein that the properfocus of clinical science should be thepatient rather than the disease.According to Dr. Feinstein, who is chiefof the Veterans Administration EasternResearch Support Center, West Haven,Conn., and professor of medicine andepidemiology at Yale, an intellectual crisisDr. Alvan R. Feinstein, Yale faculty member, who will give the 1971 Alpha OmegaAlpha Lecture at The University of Chicago.has developed in clinical medicine becausethe uniquely clinical properties of patientshave not received adequate scientificinvestigation.The main thrust of science in the pastcentury, says Dr. Feinstein, has been to­ward the laboratory procedures used forresearch on mechanisms of disease, ignor­ing the clinical methods needed forstudying the management of sick people.Consequently, he asserts, the patients whoare the "material" of clinical therapy arenot identified effectively, and their re­sponses to treatment are not evaluatedappropriately.As a result, massive controversies exist foralmost every new type of therapy, as wellas for many therapeutic agents that havebeen available for decades.The "intellectual crisis" that Dr. Feinsteindescribes is manifested "in the lack of re­spect by clinicians for their own observa­tional skills and in the lack of concern bymedical educators for the scientific chal­lenges of clinical practice."In his widely acclaimed book, ClinicalJudgment, which was published in 1967but which may already be a classic, Dr.Feinstein indicts the imprecise, intuitiveapproach to clinical activities. Every actof clinical therapy, he emphasizes, is in­tellectually analogous to an experiment inhaving a planned design, an executedmaneuver, and an observed response.Dr. Feinstein claims that clinical activitiesare permeated by many basic scientificdefects. Among such defects are unstand­ardized examinations by clinicians, theabsence of a satisfactory taxonomy forclassifying clinical phenomena, the lack ofdetailed criteria for diagnostic and thera­peutic interpretations, the collection ofunsatisfactory data about the range ofnormal, and the proliferation of "decere­brate statistics" about the incidence andtreatment of disease.He first began to develop these beliefsfourteen years ago when, as clinical di­rector of Irvington House in New York, he supervised a large-scale study of theprophylaxis and outcome of rheumaticfever in a large population of youngpatients."To make our diagnoses more accurate,"he recalls, "we began to 'calibrate' theexamining physicians and to standardizeour activities in auscultation and in theinterpretation of roentgenograms."Having made the basic clinical data morereliable, we could then use the results toestablish specific criteria for classifying thepatients taxonomically into distinct clinicalsubgroups. With the new clinical divisions,many previously confusing aspects ofprognosis and treatment were clarified."Contrary to the view that children withrheumatic fever live under a "perpetualcardiac cloud," Dr. Feinstein and his col­leagues found that rheumatic children ini­tially free of cardiac damage remained freeof it. The Irvington House investigationsalso shed light on susceptibility to rheu­matic recurrences, the choice of prophy­lactic and therapeutic agents, and the valueof liberalized physical activities for rheu­matic patients.After his work in rheumatic fever at Ir­vington House, Dr. Feinstein came toYale and began studying the generalclinical taxonomy and prognostic quanti­fication of human illness. He developednew systems of clinical classification thatwere illustrated with the Venn diagramsand Boolean algebra of the "new"mathematics.Applying these techniques in recent inves­tigations of cancer, he has established anew staging system that classifies the"clinical function of cancer as well as itsmorphologic form." Dr. Feinstein and hiscolleagues have shown that this new stag­ing system provides improved methods fordistinguishing cancers with slow biologicgrowth from those that grow more rapidlyand destructively.With these distinctions, physicians canbetter evaluate the results of surgical andother methods of treutment for cancer. Heart AssociationElects Dr. KahnDr. Kate H. KohnDr. Kate H. Kohn, Rush '35, has beennamed the first woman president of theChicago Heart Association, an organiza­tion to which she has contributed 33 yearsof service.Dr. Kohn is acting director of the depart­ment of physical medicine and rehabili­tation at Michael Reese Hospital andMedical Center. She also is clinical asso­ciate professor of physical medicine at theUniversity of Illinois Abraham LincolnCollege of Medicine and is a medicaladviser to the medical social rehabilitationdivision of the Cook County Departmentof Public Aid.She will hold the honorary post with theHeart Association for one year.Eight years ago, Dr. Kohn received HeartAssociation research funds to conduct astudy on the effect of certain exercise onthe hearts of patients who had lost a limbdue to vascular disease. Conducted at theSchwab Rehabilitation Institute, the studywas one of the first programs to utilize theportable chest electrocardiograph worn byamputee patients.As a volunteer physician for the Associa­tion in the Chicago schools, Dr. Kohncared for children disabled by heart dis­ease. In the late 1940s, she directed astudy in the cardiac division of the schoolsduring which oral penicillin was first usedto prevent recurrences of rheumatic fever.The Model AudiologistHer week-days are devoted to working asa clinical audiologist.On week-ends, she is a professionalmodel, traveling all over the country onassignment.In between, she goes to class and main­tains an A-minus grade average in herstudies for a Ph.D. degree at The Uni­versity of Chicago.This "wonder woman" is Sharon Mait­land, who fills the three roles of employee,model, and student, while looking aslovely and fresh as a high school home­coming queen.As a matter of fact, she was a home­coming queen too, in her high school daysat Merrillville, Indiana. She also pepped'up crowds as a cheerleader.As a professional model, she still attractscrowds. One of her major accounts is anational oil company which employs heras a "race stopper" at auto races acrossthe country.But this three-dimensional career prob­ably will end in the next few years, ac­cording to Sharon. She hopes to get herPh.D. degree in educational psychologyfrom the University in 1972. After that,she wants to stay on at the University'sHospitals and Clinics as an audiologist.Scheduling difficulties might then end hermodeling career.Presently, Sharon manages to do a lot ofher schoolwork while traveling to and frommodeling assignments. Fellow studentssupply her with notes whenever she hasto miss a class.Miss National Root Beer (one of Sharon'stitles) started working as a model whilean undergraduate student at IndianaUniversity."After my freshman year, I came to Chi­cago looking for summer work and got ajob as a secretary at Playboy magazine,"she says. "Then, the summer between myjunior and senior years, the PlayboyModeling Agency opened. I signed withthem and I'm still under contract." Sharon, the audiologistSharon continued modeling and goingto college and received both B.A. and M.A.degrees from Indiana University, whereshe majored in speech and hearing ther­apy. She started work toward a Ph.D. atThe University of Chicago a year ago.An employee of Billings Hospital since1965, Sharon works with both childrenand adults who have hearing problems.Besides testing and some diagnostic work,she also helps with the informal teachingof the house staff by giving them lectureson audiology.Sharon is happy about going into au­diology but says,"If I had it to do over again, I probablywould study medicine and perhaps spe­cialize in ear, nose, and throat."Because she enjoys helping patients, es­pecially children, and because she likesteaching, she looks forward to being afull-time audiologist, even though she willmiss modeling."Modeling is a great career," she says."I'll always be grateful that I was able toparticipate in it. It's been a wonderfulexperience, besides helping me pay myway through college." Sharon, the modelFrontiers SeriesTo Be PublishedSome of the Frontiers of Medicine series,continuing education programs for prac­ticing physicians, soon will be available inprinted form.Medical Times, a monthly journal devotedto the continuing education of familyphysicians, has asked permission to pub­lish them.The first program was the January 13seminar on "New Developments in theTreatment of Infectious Diseases," whichwas coordinated by Dr. John E. Kasik,'54, a former faculty member now at theUniversity of Iowa.Coincidentally, the program drew thelargest crowd to date for the series, withstanding room only for much of theprogram.The panelists included Dr. Kasik, Dr.Dorothy Windhorst, '54, Assistant Pro­fessor of Medicine; Dr. Allan L. Lorincz,'47, Professor of Medicine; Dr. FloydFried, '61, Chairman of the Division ofUrology at the University of North Caro­lina, and Dr. Nicholas A. Kefalides,University of Pennsylvania Medical Divi­sion, Philadelphia General Hospital. Dr. Hans Hecht HonoredBy Medical MagazineDr. Hans H. HechtThe 1971 Modern Medicine magazineaward for distinguished achievement hasbeen received by Dr. Hans H. Hecht, theBlum-Riese Professor in the Departmentsof Medicine and Physiology.The award was made in recognition of Dr.Hecht's notable studies in hemodynamics,cardiac electrophysiology, and heart fail­ure in lung disease.According to Dr. Irvine Page, Editor ofModern Medicine, nominations for thehonor were made by readers of the publi­cation, by deans of medical schools, byofficers of national medical organizations,and by members of the Modern Medicineeditorial faculty. The basis of selection is the contribution to the advancement ofscience.Dr. Hecht has been a member of the Chi­cago faculty since 1964, when he came herefrom the University of Utah to becomeProfessor of Medicine and Physiology andhead of the Section on Cardiology. From1966 to 1969, he served as Chairman ofthe Department of Medicine.Dr. Hecht is the principal investigator forthe Myocardial Infarction Research Unit,one of only nine federally supported unitsin the country and the only one in theMidwest. It is expected that the informa­tion developing from the MIRU projectswill eventually answer many of the ques­tions relating both to the prevention andtreatment of myocardial infarction.The Cardiology Section at the Universitynow has a 25-bed cardiac service, a seven­bed Coronary Care Unit (intensive care),and five outpatient clinics. Some 5,000 to6,000 patients per year are seen by the20 full-time cardiologists who service theoutpatient clinics.According to the announcement in theJanuary issue of Modern Medicine,"Dr. Hans H. Hecht is an educator-phy­sician who is strongly motivated towardbasic research but whose very sophisticatedinvestigations have immediate relevanceto patient care."AnesthesiologistsWin Exhibit AwardAn exhibit by three members of the De­partment of Anesthesiology won third prizeat the American Society of Anesthesiolo­gists annual meeting, held last October inNew York City.The exhibit is the work of Dr. HarryJ. Lowe, Professor; Dr. P. J. Sheth,Instructor, and Karl Hagler, ResearchTechnologist. Dr. Sheth discussed theexhibit for video taping by Televised Medicine, Inc., of New York City. It willbe used for educational purposes.Two other exhibits at the meeting wereprepared by members of the department.One by Dr. James O. Elam, Professor ofAnesthesiology and of Obstetrics and Gyn­ecology, was entitled "Catheter SpinalBlock for Obstetrics." John Huffman,CRNA of the CLI Section, presented anexhibit on "Prism Laryngoscopy," a con­cept he developed and published.Dr. Lowe and Dr. Elam presented theirrespective exhibits again at the Post Gradu­ate Assembly of the New York State So- ciety of Anesthesiologists last December.Dr. Elam's work won an Honorable Men­tion citation.At the first meeting, Dr. Sheth presenteda paper entitled "Variations in Halothaneand Methoxyflurane Blood-Gas PartitionCoefficients," and it now is being preparedfor publication.At the second meeting, Dr. Fred Cham­pagne, Instructor - Trainee. delivered apaper on "Determination of AnestheticUptake, Solubility and Diffusion Cocffi­cients in Plastics and Rubber-A Gravi­metric Method."Two Named Professorships AnnouncedThe A. N. Pritzker ProfessorDr. Donald F. SteinerDr. Donald F. Steiner, '56, has been ap­pointed the A. N. Pritzker Professor in theDepartment of Biochemistry. The appoint­ment, effective January 1, 1971, was an­nounced by Edward H. Levi, President ofthe University.Dr. Steiner, 40, is perhaps best known forhis discovery of proinsulin, a precursor of insulin and the mechanism whereby in­sulin is formed. The discovery was her­alded as the most significant breakthroughin diabetes research in recent years andearned Dr. Steirier the Eli Lily Award forResearch in Diabetes in 1969.In 1970, he received the Hans ChristianHagerdorn Medal of the Steenson Hospitalof Copenhagen, Denmark, in recognitionof his contributions in the field of insulinbiosynthesis. Also in 1970, he received theErnst Oppenheimer A ward of the Endo­crine Society "in recognition of meritoriusresearch in endocrinology."Commenting on the appointment, Dr.Leon O. Jacobson, Dean of The PritzkerSchool of Medicine and of the Division ofthe Biological Sciences, said;"Dr. Steiner is a gifted researcher whoalready has made significant contributionsto his field. We look forward to his con­tinued work which will undoubtedly helpto advance medical knowledge."Dr. Steiner received a B.S. degree in 1952 from the University of Cincinnati. In1956, he received both M.S. and M.D.degrees from The University of Chicago,where he also received the Borden Awardfor outstanding research in 1956.He served his internship at King CountyHospital, Seattle, Washington, and thenwas a U.S. Public Health Service post­doctoral fellow and assistant in medicinein the Department of Medicine at theUniversity of Washington. From 1959 to1960, he served as assistant in medicineand medical resident at that institution.Dr. Steiner returned to Chicago in 1960as an Assistant Professor in the Depart­ment of Biochemistry. Since 1962, he hasheld a lO-year Career Development Awardof the Public Health Service. He is theauthor or co-author of more than 20papers and articles in professional journals.He is a member of the American Societyof Biological Chemists, Alpha OmegaAlpha medical honorary society, and theAmerican Association for the Advance­ment of Science.The Mary Campau Ryerson ProfessorDr. Luis A. Cibils has been appointed theMary Campau Ryerson Professor in theDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecologyof The University of Chicago's Divisionof the Biological Sciences and The Pritz­ker School of Medicine.The professorship formerly was held byDr. Charles P. McCartney, '43, who nowis in private practice. Dr. McCartney is,however, a member of the Clinical As­sociate Staff at Chicago Lying-in Hospital.Dr. Cibils' appointment, effective De­cember 1, 1970, was announced by Ed­ward H. Levi, President of the University.Commenting on the appointment, Dr.Leon O. Jacobson, Dean of The PritzkerSchool of Medicine and of the Divisionof The Biological Sciences, said:"Dr. Cibils' appointment is both a smallindication of the high esteem in which heis held by his colleagues and a recognitionof his many contributions to scholarshipand to the University." Dr. Cibils was born in Yuty, Paraguay,in 1927. He attended the Colegio de SanJose and later the National University inAsuncion, Paraguay, where he receivedthe M.D. degree in 1950.He received postgraduate training inobstetrics and gynecology at the Uni­versity of Madrid, the University of Paris,and the University of Concepcion, Chile.In 1955, he became an Instructor inGynecology at the National University,Asuncion, and, from 1957 to 1960, heserved as a Research Fellow at the Uni­versity of Montevideo, Uruguay. In 1960,he joined the faculty of Western ReserveUniversity as a Research Consultant inthe Department of Obstetrics and Gyne­cology. He also served there as Instructorand as an Assistant Professor.Dr. Cibils joined the faculty of TheUniversity of Chicago as an AssociateProfessor in the Department of Obstetricsand Gynecology in 1966. Dr. Luis A. CibilsHis honors include the FoundationPrize of the South Atlantic Association ofObstetricians and Gynecologists, 1962,and the Foundation Prize of the Ameri­can Association of Obstetricians andGynecologists, 1965, for his research. Heis the author or co-author of more than45 articles in scientific publications.The Purification of ErythropoietinBy DR. EUGENE GOLDWASSERProfessor of BiochemistryLast November, after many years of effort, CharlesKung and I determined that the preparation of erythro­poietin we were studying was pure. This marked the endof one phase of research and the beginning of another.It was the end of a project that began for us in ArgonneCancer Research Hospital in 1955, but in reality, startedin Paris in 1906.That was the year that P. Carnot published a paper showingthat serum from anemic rabbits could accelerate red bloodcell formation in normal rabbits. Carnot's concept was of afeed-back loop, decades before they became fashionable, i.e.the animal responded to its anemia by secreting somethinginto the circulation that would act on the hemopoietic tissueto correct the anemia by an increase in the rate of red cellformation.For 40-50 years after Carnot's paper, there was considerablelack of enthusiasm for his idea of humoral mediation oferythropoiesis, by what he called "hemopoietine" due, in themain, to inability to confirm his observations. Nevertheless,in the late 1940s and early 50s, work by Bonsdorff, Hodgson,Reissmann, Erslev, Borsook and Stohlman provided inde­pendent and conclusive evidence of the existence of a chemi­cal factor, now called erythropoietin, present in the plasma ofanemic animals (and man) that promoted red cell formation.In 1955, Dr. L. O. Jacobson, in collaboration with Drs. W.Fried and L. Plzak, (who were then medical students), andDr. W. Bethard developed a method of assay of erythropoie­tin that was considerably easier to use and to interpret thanthe methods used earlier, which were based either on reticu­locyte counting or on estimation of the total red cell mass.After some modifications were made in this assay method,to increase its sensitivity and to make it quantitative, it be­came possible to start on, what seemed at the time, the simpleproblem of fractionating plasma to isolate and characterizeerythropoietin.This "simple" task is now, 15 years later, partly finished; wehave isolated it; determined that it is reasonably pure, andare now accumulating information about its chemical andphysical characteristics.There were two possible sources of erythropoietin-plasmafrom anemic animals and urine from anemic patients. Thelatter source, until recently, was sporadic and uncertain. Inaddition, it has been our experience that erythropoietin Dr. Eugene Goldwasserpreparations from urine are, for some still unknown reason,less stable than plasma fractions. For these reasons, wechose to work on plasma derived from animals made anemicby phenylhydrazine injection.Quite soon it became clear that ordinary laboratory animals,like rabbits, would not suffice for the production of thequantities of active plasma that were needed. With the col­laboration of W. F. White and the Armour Laboratories, wedeveloped methods for production of large amounts of hightiter sheep plasma and for the first few steps in large scaleA 11 inlorinal chat often proves productive,Dr. Eugene Goldwasser checks records for James Eliason,laboratory technician.fractionation of the plasma. The material from the pilot plantwas then further fractionated in the laboratory here bychromatographic techniques and the pure material isolated.In retrospect, it is evident why it took so long. On top of theproblems of having limited supplies of starting material, andof a week long bio-assay, the absolute quantity of erythro­poietin in a high titer plasma sample is infinitesimally small.For instance, the pure hormone has a potency of 9200 units*per mg of protein; an active plasma has about 2 units per m!.This represents 0.00022 mg. of protein or 0.00036% of theplasma protein. The final purification factor was greater thanI million fold, but unfortunately the yield was low, makingit necessary for us to now develop micro methods for furtherstudy of its properties.What made the problem seem important enough for us tohave invested so much time and for the USAEC to haveinvested so much money in its solution? Several factors weredecisive. Since it had been shown that there were anemiasin man that were not accompanied by increases in erythro- \poietin titer, there would. be a possible clinical importance, if,and when, erythropoietin of sufficient purity were available.The most useful area of application would seem to be intreating anemias associated with chronic renal disease. Ery­thropoietin is made primarily in the kidney, and when kidneyfunction is impaired, erythropoietin formation may cease,causing anemia.In patients whose kidney function is so limited that theyrequire dialysis for maintenance of health, the anemia usuallyis corrected by transfusion with the attendant danger ofhepatitis, sensitization, and hemosiderosis. If such patientscould be treated with erythropoietin, it would enable themto produce their own red cells and while it would not correctthe primary renal disorder, it would make life safer and morepleasant for them. We are trying now, to get enough ery­thropoietin and hope to be able to test its clinical efficacyin the near future.Another important reason for needing pure erythropoietinis because of its unique biological properties. It is the specificinducer of red cell formation. That is, some still unknownCharles Kungpnrmtive cells of the hemopoietic system, when exposed toerythropoietin have their fate determined. They will becomeerythroid cells, synthesize large amounts of hemoglobin, andeventually become mature circulating erythrocytes.The red blood cell is one of nature's most elegant solutionsto a biological problem; how to carry the required oxygen totissues far away from exposure to air. The molecular mechan­isms that underly this process of specific induction of a spe­cific cell type, when they are fully understood, may provideclues to an understanding of one of most challenging prob­lems in modern biology ... that of cellular differentiation.The process of red cell development may be considered amodel of the more general phenomenon of development ofa fertilized egg. This experimental model has the advantagesof being able to work with a specific glycoprotein, erythro­poietin, that is essential for initiating the processes and ofhaving a chemically well defined product, the erythrocyte.It also has the advantage, to a biochemist, of being able tostudy these processes outside the intact organism, since weA moment o] relaxation. Back in the laboratory.have developed methods of studying bone marrow cell func­tions in culture. While we have learned a bit about thebiochemistry of how erythropoietin acts on cells, and havesome data indicating that a very early action of the induceris to switch on the synthesis of a very large species of nuclearRNA which appears to be unique to the erythroid system,there is a great deal yet to be learned.Our aim, in this regard, is to determine the structure oferythropoietin to relate this structure to its biological activity,and to explore all the chemical reactions that lead from theprimitive cell, that may be identical with the hemopoieticstem cell, or may be a determined erythropoietin responsivecell, to a finished erythrocyte.Reprints of articles in this publication now are avail­able. An editor on the staff of the Office of PublicInformation will assume responsibility for all aspectsof production of the reprints. The individual requestingthe reprint will pay the cost of printing and, if appli­cable, distribution. If you wish to make usc of thisservice, please contact Virginia Snodgrass, ScienceEditor.Minority Students Recruiting Program:A Progress ReportBy DR. LLOYD FERGUSONAssociate Professor oi Medicine and Assistant Dean at StudentsThe program for the recruitment of minority group anddisadvantaged students for The Pritzker School of Medi­cine now is in its third year.The results of this program become apparent whenone examines the number of such students who apply foradmission to the medical school, the number who actuallyare accepted, and the number who matriculate (as com­pared with the same parameters before the institutionof the program).Prior to 1968, The University of Chicago never hadreceived more than 10-15 applications from black Americansin anyone year. This figure represents about one per cent ofthe total applicant pool. From among these applicants, occa­sionally there were a few who were offered places and whoactually matriculated.Initial recruiting efforts began in 1968 and are reflectedin the data pertaining to applicants for admission to themedical class entering in the fall of 1969.There were 45 black applicants for that class. Of thisnumber, 11 were offered places, and five chose to matriculate.All five of these students are successfully pursuing the secondyear curriculum.There were 1,572 applicants for admission to the classwhich entered in the fall of 1970 and, of these, 106 wereblack. Eleven black applicants were accepted and the fivewho matriculated now are in the second quarter of the firstyear of study.Among the group seeking admission to the class whichwill enter in the fall of 1971, 90 black applicants have beenidentified. The Admissions Committee thus far has offeredplaces to eight of these students and other candidates arebeing considered.Financial support for the program has come from severalsources. The Manpower Division of the Department ofHealth, Education, and Welfare has provided logistic supportwhich includes, among other things, travel to undergraduateschools (both within the state and across the nation) wherelarge numbers of minority students are enrolled. In addition,the HEW grant provides an hourly wage for student tutorswho provide educational support for disadvantaged students.To date, such funds have had to be used only sparingly. Dr. Lloyd FergusonSpecifically excluded from the HEW grant, however, was tui­tion and living support of the students once they entered. Sincethe financial barrier was one of the principal obstacles toincreasing the number of minority group health professionals,it was necessary to seek support for this purpose from privatefoundations.Through the generous support of the two Chicago basedfoundations, The Pritzker School of Medicine now is able tooffer full support to a limited number of minority students.The Chicago Community Trust made an award for thepurpose mentioned above on November 4, 1970, and theSchweppe Foundation made one on February 11, 1971.Some individual students have obtained support directly fromNational Medical Fellowships, Inc., of Downers Grove,Illinois. In this latter instance, a type of partnership has beeneffected, with the University providing full tuition scholar­ships and National Medical Fellowships, Inc. providing livingstipends.The Committee on Minority Student Preparation Recruit­ment and Matriculation in its report to Dr. Leon O. Jacobsonin October, 1969, recognized the need for increasing the sizeof the minority applicant pool and, toward this end, advocateda summer quarter work-study program for such students.A proposal for a program of this nature now is underconsideration by the Union Tank Car Foundation and, iffunded, would bring 25 minority and disadvantaged studentsto the campus of The University of Chicago for a summerduring which they would spend five half-days per week work­ing in a hospital laboratory and five half-days in intensivetutorial-type pre-medical study.Through the Medical Opportunities Program of the Co­operative Council of Illinois Medical Schools, the minoritystudent recruitment efforts at The University of Chicago havebeen coordinated with those of the other medical schools inthe state. This cooperative effort works to the benefit ofboth the participating schools and the minority candidates.The Council for Bio-Medical Careers also has served asan important source of referrals of potential medical schoolcandidates at both the high school and college level.Reflections of a GastroenterologistBy DR. JOSEPH B. KIRSNERThe Louis Block Professor in the Department of MedicineThe central importance of gastroenterology in the healthproblems of the United States and throughout the worldonly now is being realized.Today, 20 per cent of all hospital admissions in thiscountry are for gastrointestinal disease. One sixth of allcancer deaths arise in the gastrointestinal tract. Theleading cause of nonhospitalized illness interfering withwork in this country is gastrointestinal disorders.All of these facts indicate that we are confronted witha major health problem and that increased demands willbe placed upon our knowledge and skills, both in deal­ing directly with patients and in the training of othergastroenterologists.At The University of Chicago, we have had a unique oppor­tunity to develop this specialty and we have been fortunatein the enlightened attitude on the part of the Universityadministration.Although gastroenterology dates to antiquity, it was recog­nized as a medical specialty in the United States in 1897,with the establishment of the American GastroenterologicalAssociation.The Gastroenterology Section at The University of Chicagobegan in 1927 when Billings Hospital opened its doors. Thesection functioned under the direction of Dr. Walter L.Palmer, who represented a fresh type of gastroenterologistin that he combined great clinical skills with an excellentscientific background. Among many other contributions, heintroduced a more objective viewpoint into a field of medicinethat had been very arbitrary, ritualistic, and subjective ..Dr. Palmer was especially interested in peptic ulcer and in thepain of peptic ulcer, studies he had begun at Cook CountyHospital. Several of his colleagues-Dr. Marie Ortmayer, Dr.Theodore Heinz, and others-enabled him to carryon hisclinical and teaching activities and to initiate clinical researchon digestive disorders at The University of Chicago.I joined the Department of Medicine in November 1935 and,in 1936, began to work with Dr. Palmer in Gastroenterology.At that time, there was limited research activity. We hadone small laboratory and there was neither sufficient timenor personnel. In truth, however, Dr. Palmer was doingclinical research, studying antacids and the pain mechanismin peptic ulcer, and his laboratory was at the bedside ofpatients, an approach that only today is beginning to receiveadequate recognition once more. Dr. Joseph B. KirsnerThere was a substantial amount of clinical material availablefor studies of various gastrointestinal problems and a largenumber of papers developed from our clinical investigativeapproach in gastroenterology.Having studied some aspects of peptic ulcer, I was en­couraged by Dr. Palmer to take a Ph.D. degree in the bio­logical sciences; my dissertation was entitled "A Study ofAlkalosis and Its Effect Upon the Kidneys."During the period (rom 1936 to 1946, we continued withalmost exclusively clinically oriented research. In 1935, Dr.Ortmayer and Dr. Palmer succeeded in bringing Dr. RudolphSchindler to this country from Munich, Germany. Dr.Schindler had invented the modern gastroscope, which im­mediately became very popular. After his arrival, manyphysicians and gastroenterologists from all over this countryand elsewhere came to visit with Dr. Schindler and to learnhis method. Many of the publications of that period thusDr. Joseph B. Kirsnerclinical, research, and teaching interests could be jointlyfocused on a problem-a problem which, in many ways, hadnot received adequate attention.Working out a problem with Dr. Odile Voinchet.related to the usefulness and the limitations of this newtechnique.In 1943, I left the University temporarily to join the militaryservice during World War II and was gone for almost threeyears, a rather difficult period. I certainly was happy to returnto the University (in 1946).By then, important studies on cancer of the stomach hadbeen completed by Dr. Palmer and Dr. Samuel Maimon.Dr. William E. Ricketts had produced a number of clinically­oriented studies of liver function, and a biochemist, Dr.Leonard Sheffner, had joined the group, enabling us to studycertain aspects of protein metabolism in patients with in­flammatory bowel disease and with peptic ulcer.We continued to see many patients with peptic ulcer. At thattime, we were using as treatment mild x-ray directed to theacid-secreting portions of the stomach in an effort to reducethe hydrochloric acid. This became a useful adjunctive pro­gram of therapy that brought large numbers of ulcer patientsseeking relief. Incidentally, this method remains a helpfultechnique in selected patients today.There also was an increase in the number of patients withinflammatory bowel disease, and as this patient populationrose, this subject became our leading clinical interest and,in many ways, our leading research activity. We soon de­veloped an important responsibility to medicine and tothe public in this area, for there were few institutions where As we reached the 1950s, we developed and increased thenumbers of laboratories, from one to two, and then to four,and still, we were always crowded. With the leadership ofDr. Cyrus Rubin, exfoliative cytologic studies of the gastro­intestinal tract were initiated and this area became one ofour major scientific interests. This laboratory continues tomake important contributions here.The National Institutes of Health, which had been organizedin 1930, came to be an important source of financial support.In 1956, the Arthritis and Metabolic Disease Institute wasopened and the opportunities developed for research andtraining programs in gastroenterology. Soon we were ableto set up a training program which has been in effect eversince and which has helped to produce a substantial numberof outstanding gastroenterologists.NIH financial support became available for research indigestive diseases as well, and this source permitted an un­paralleled growth of research activity in gastroenterology andin other medical specialties.Into the 1960s, the growth period continued, bringing numer­ous improvements in therapy, diagnostic techniques, andresearch. It was not until the latter 1960s that we began theperiod of "belt-tightening" because of decreasing of funds.Now, as we come into the 1970s, funds are much less avail­able, although we have managed by a combination of supportfrom NIH, private sources and, of course, from the Uni­versity, to maintain our group and its activities at a high level.The faculty of the gastroenterology group is one of the bestin the world, with the spirit of inquiry that has characterizedThe University of Chicago generally. We continue to broadenthe knowledge base of gastroenterology and, in that respect,inflammatory bowel disease provides a most suitable model.When we deal with a patient with ulcerative colitis or aregional enteritis, the problem is not limited to the largebowel or to the small bowel. There are so many ramificationsin other areas; the liver, the kidney, the endocrine system,the psyche, and virtually the entire human organism.Our patient load has grown steadily and we now see from150 to 200 new patients with inflammatory bowel diseaseper year. Some of these are most difficult problems, chieflyreferred by other physicians from the Midwest and elsewhere.Of course, we evaluate all kinds of digestive disease, some thatare new, others that we uncover or perhaps that we had notappreciated previously. For instance, we recently have identi-Gustroenterologic treatment often includes dietary regulation. A thoughtful moment.tied several gastrointestinal problems associated with immunedeficiency states, something that we would not have con­sidered a few years ago when the immunologic status of thepatient could not be measured as is possible today.This experience illustrates how advancing scientific knowl­edge is constantly broadening the view of the gastroenterolo­gist. Of course, as I have indicated, many of the problem"impinge upon other fields, hematology, endocrinology, notto speak of psychiatry and surgery, pathology, and so on.Thus, we regard the members of our faculty as knowledgeablein the broad field of internal medicine, with an added special­ized knowledge of gastrointestinal disease.Our group includes physicians suitably trained in im­munology, biochemistry, and physiology, among otherdisciplines, so that our research approach, while to a con­siderable extent oriented toward the problems of the patient,continuously applies the newer technological advances.In addition to myself, our faculty includes Dr. Richard Reilly,who is studying isolated epithelial cells of the intestine andother related problems. Dr. Sumner Kraft, who has beentrained in immunological techniques, is studying various im­munological problems related to the gastrointestinal tract.Dr. Robert Palmer, the older son of Dr. Walter L. Palmer,has contributed significant new information in the area of inbile salt metabolism. Dr. Robert Druyan is interested in pro­tein synthesis and is utilizing rnitochrondriul preparations inthis research.In recent years, we have added to our faculty Dr. Irwin H.Rosenberg, whose interest is in intestinal absorption, foliatemetabolism and nutrition. He has developed very importantprograms in these areas.Dr. Don Paul Jones, who came here from Boston via WayneState University in Detroit, is interested in the problems ofthe liver and in the effects of alcohol upon the liver. Dr.Charles Winans is working on problems related to the motoractivity of the esophagus and other parts of the gastroin­testinal tract.In addition, Dr. Alfred Wall and Dr. Howard Schachter areinterested in various aspects of inflammatory bowel disease,as well as in controlled therapeutic trials with immunosup­pressive medication.We have visiting with us now Dr. Peter Asquith, of Birming­ham, England, who has been working on the so-calledsecretory IGA system in gastrointestinal disease.We also collaborate with others such as Dr. Richard Roth­berg in Pediatrics, Dr. Seymour Glagov in Pathology, Dr.George Block in Surgery, and many others.And, of course, our NIH trainees make important contribu­tions. We have on the average six to eight trainees with usat a time, in various stages of development. They come fromall parts of the country and the world. Over 90 per cent ofour trainee graduates hold important appointments in medicalschools, and at least 60 per cent of these are full-time aca­demic appointments. At present, our fellows (non-NIH sup­ported) also include physicians from Brazil, France, Japan,England, and Australia; next July, we will add fellows fromGermany and Turkey.We continue to maintain a very busy outpatient program,with 10 clinical sessions each week and, of course, we have maintained our traditional emphasis upon excellent patientcare, despite the increased research activities and enlargingteaching commitments.We feel very strongly that all three aspects--clinical care,teaching, and research-are interwoven into the best kindof medical activity and we prefer to emphasize all threeequally.In our clinical practice, I note certain interesting trends. Ithink, for example, that inflammatory bowel disease is in­creasing, not only here but around the world. There is noquestion of this in my mind, although precise figures aredifficult to obtain.The cure rate for cancer of the stomach probably has im­proved some but, actually, cancer of the stomach is de­creasing in this country, whereas it is a significant healthproblem in countries like Japan. The reverse is true forcancer of the colon and, from what I know of Japan, theincidence of cancer of the colon and rectum has remainedrelatively low there. Nobody knows why. The incidence ofcancer of the pancreas, on the other hand, seems to haveincreased in this country during the last several decades.We have been one of the leaders in the area of cancer diag­nosis by exfoliative cytology of the esophagus, stomach,duodenum, and colon. Initial leadership was provided byDr. Cyrus Rubin, later by Dr. Howard Raskin and, morecurrently, by Dr. Joao C. Prolla. The technique involvesexamining the cells shed from the surfaces of the variousabdominal organs-the esophagus, stomach, intestine. Wehave developed useful techniques for collecting and exam­ining the exfoliated cells and have defined criteria formaking the diagnosis of a benign or malignant disorder.Now that the Japanese have produced the improved fiberoptic instruments, it is possible to perform the cytologicstudies under direct vision cytology, with virtually 100 percent diagnostic accuracy for lesions of the esophagus andthe stomach,And, as is true always, developments in other fields havehelped to expand the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeuticefforts of our group and to increase the comprehensivenesswith which we approach a problem.As for the patient, we feel that patient care, on the whole,has been improved, although the practice of medicine hasbecome more difficult, partly because medicine itself hasbecome more complicated and, in part, because the so-calledparamedical personnel are less committed to patient carethan in earlier years.Frankly, I think our society appears to have become domi­nated by a frantic search for the dollar. In this process, manypeople have lost some of their idealism and pride in service.Work output is decreased and the hospital functions lessefficiently as a consequence.Also, it seems to me that people have been less willing to fullyprepare themselves for their occupations; they seek instantsuccess. As a result, they are ill-prepared to deal with manyof the problems relating to health care. The economics of ourAmerican society have overwhelmed us and, in the process,we have lost some of our values-I hope temporarily.I should like to comment now on some of the trends inmedicine. There was a time when the clinical bedside ap­proach was the most appropriate in patient care. Then,following World War II and with the tremendous stimulationprovided by the unusual cooperation involved in the develop­ment of the atomic bomb, there then occurred a trend inmedicine which always has seemed to me to be unbalanced.Whereas before, the greatest emphasis was on clinical medi­cine and on the approach to the patient, the realization camethat such an approach, while heartwarming for the patient,did not necessarily guarantee first-class medical care.The reaction was a major emphasis upon research, unfor­tunately at the expense of the clinical and teaching activities.i Medical schools and medical centers became populated byexcellent people, but individuals who were interested morein research rather than in patient care and in teaching.One of the important trends I see now is toward a moreequable balance between clinical activities, teaching, andresearch, and toward the realization that all these are inter­related; that research aids clinical care, clinical care sub­stantiates research, and that both greatly facilitate first-classteaching. There is a growing realization that medical schoolfaculties, even full-time faculties, need not all be of the samemold, with the identical interests and identical activities. Weactually benefit by the diversification of talents and functions.The only criterion we really ought to be concerned with isthe quality of the faculty. With quality physicians, we willhave outstanding clinicians, outstanding teachers, and out­standing researchers.Another trend already in progress is increased involvementof medical centers in community health problems. I thinkeach medical school needs to work out its own emphasis inthis area. It seems to me, however, that a university-basedhospital must maintain university-oriented goals and ob­jectives; otherwise, it loses any justification for attachmentto a university.By university-oriented goals, I mean that it must advanceknowledge and it must provide first-class teaching. It cannotallow itself to become so completely involved in the enormousWith Dr. Kirsner at a patient conference are, [rom 11:'/1, Dr. Joel Levine, Dr. Anthony Barbarto, 1I1lc/ medical student, Roher/ Rumsc y,demands of health care that it will not have either thepersonnel or the time to continue with its search for newknowledge, and with the development of first-class physicians.I think, therefore, that the role of a hospital like BillingsHospital ought to be concern for the surrounding community,with a regulated involvement, providing guidance and ideaswithout necessarily involving the entire hospital in thistremendous effort.The present time is, to me, the first period in the history ofman when we have dared to think that the benefits thathitherto were limited to a relatively small portion of theworld's population now could be applied to the entire world.Checking progress of a diagnostic procedureThis may well prove to be the eventual characterization ofour age in the ultimate perspective of history. Now we canthink of universal medical care primarily because of theresearch advances that have been made in recent decades.If we had been bogged down in the same patterns of medicalactivity of the 1920s or 30s, we never could begin to considerthe possibility that the health problems of all the peoplecould be approached with some hope and with some chanceof success. .Add to this the fact that most medicines and most of theideas we now utilize in all phases of medical care are derived from relatively recent scientific advances. If we allow our­selves to be persuaded that we can limit research or limitteaching and concentrate only on the enormous communityhealth needs, we would permit the development of a hazard­ous situation where, 10 years from now, we would lack theknowledge and the tools to attain the goals that seem im­portant today.In relation to our teaching program, it is obvious that medicalschools will increase their student enrollments but, if the gov­ernment and the American public wish us to develop moredoctors, we must have time, the faculty, and the resources.Certainly, there will be an increased effort to speed up themedical education process, recognizing that it no longer ispossible, nor desirable, to teach every medical student everybit of available medical and scientific information. It will beimportant to set up broad guidelines to enable students todevelop habits of self-instruction so that they will continueto be knowledgeable and to acquire knowledge, especially intheir areas of special interest, as a lifelong process.The curriculum changes now being considered need not beregarded as drastic. After all, we have the experience of theWorld War II years when the medical school curriculum wasaccelerated from four to three years. There also are otherplans for saving years of medical education. One suggestionhas been to eliminate the present fourth year of medicalschool. Another is to eliminate the year of internship, andanother is to combine the internship and residency into atwo-year program.I, myself, would like to see the medical school period re­duced by, perhaps one year, while maintaining the intern­ship-residency structure. These are especially valuable yearsfor clinical training and, if we eliminate them, are we reallygoing to advance the role of the clinician? Are we reallygoing to advance the health care programs of the nation ifour products are insufficiently trained in health care ortrained so narrowly as to provide only highly specializedcare? This appears to be a potentially serious consequenceof accelerated programs that tend primarily to sacrifice theclinical experience-educational experiences that very oftenare remembered by physicians for their entire lives. I reallybelieve their importance in the development of the first-classphysician has been insufficiently emphasized.In gastroenterology, so many areas of medicine are involvedthat a broad base of knowledge and experience is absolutelyessential. The presenting manifestations of gastrointestinalOn duty in the Medicine 6 clinic.disease can be so varied and can mimic disorders of so manyother systems that, if the physician is not properly informedand not properly oriented, early clues and diagnostic featuresmcp be overlooked or recognition may be delayed and thenmuch valuable time is lost in arriving at the correct diagnosisand treatment.I believe that significant training in gastroenterology requiresat least two years. That is the minimum and, for many people,three years would enable us to create a leader in the field,who then could be an important source of teaching in hisown hospital and in his own community. The dividends ofthis kind of effort are multiplied many many times beyondthe individual gastroenterologic specialist.Another important issue is continuing education. It hasbecome very very clear that a physician must continue hiseducation as a lifelong process. Once education is notmaintained, there begins a drop off in medical information,a decrease in medical skills. This increases exponentially,year by year. Within five years, it is very obvious. In 10years, it is very serious, and, after 15 years of uncontinuededucation, the loss of medical skill can be disastrous.Many organizations have attempted to deal with this prob­lem. There arc increasing numbers of postgraduate courses all over the country; still, many physicians do not availthemselves, even for a short period of time, of theseprograms.I predict there will be increasing legislative activity to re­quire physicians to continuously educate themselves and Ipredict there will be restraints on re-certification and re­licensure that will force those physicians who have notdeveloped the lifelong habit of education to provide evidenceof their continuing skill in at least some area of medicalknowledge.Another trend I foresee is the increasing need for clinicalresearch and clinical investigation. For too long, we havegiven lip service to the importance of controlled clinicalobservations and other carefully managed clinical studies.One of the more desirable developments would be increasedfunding for clinical investigation, clinical research that iswell designed and well organized, performed in cooperationwith the statistical scientists who can very nicely make im­portant contributions in the design of such studies. Hereagain, I think of the great needs in the field of digestivediseases but the needs arc present in all fields.As to recognizing the clinician, I believe this must involveacademic recognition in the form of tenure and appropriutcacademic appointments. Generally, also, the salaries of aca­demically-based physicians have been too low; they shouldbe more in accord with those in other fields.Clinicians, of course, do get some recognition; they have notbeen totally devoid of it. The issue is: Do they get enough?The most important recognition a clinician can get is fromthe grateful patient who recovers his health. But, if theclinician works in an academic environment, recognition bythe patient obviously is not enough. If he does not have atenure appointment, then after a period of time, he does notremain and his grateful patients no longer can avail them­selves of his services.Therefore, it is imperative to maintain a balanced program.Research must continue at a productive rate and must bewell supported. Teaching obviously must be well supported.The clinician clearly must be well supported. It is an abso­lute necessity, therefore, that the American public and thefederal government unite in providing such support because,without it, no matter the pressure placed upon medicalcenters, they will not be able to accomplish their goals.So, it seems to me the future of medicine is tied up veryclosely with the attitudes of the public and the government.The possibilities for further advances in medicine are with­out limit. I anticipate we will learn much more of the diseaseprocesses in gastroenterology. I have complete confidencethat we soon will know how to treat many diseases muchmore effectively than we can at present. I think, for example,some day we will have a vaccine for the treatment of infec­tious hepatitis, better techniques for dealing with pepticulcer and with inflammatory bowel disease, and, of course,for the treatment of various types of cancer.These examples can be duplicated in all other medical fields.Many of them also will help those of us in gastroenterologyas well. So often, we deal with people in whom physical andpsychogenic problems are intermingled so that gastroentero­logic disorders do not always represent a simple therapeuticsituation. One needs to be mindful of this interrelationshipin dealing with individuals who may have important emo­tional problems. One often must work with these patients formany hours, over long periods of time, before they can bebrought back to a reasonable state of health.Scientific technology and computers and automatic devicesnever will replace the physician interested in the care of thepatient. I do believe there is an art in the practice of medi- cine. This art is a mixture of many factors, some of whichare knowledge, experience, keeping up-to-date, an interestin people as human beings, a dedication to the cause ofservice, and a personal standard of living that allows thephysician to deal with the many weaknesses of man in acomposed and thoughtful way. So many sick people come tothe physician not only for their physical ailments, but alsofor their personal problems. Dealing with such aspects ofclinical illness and being able to provide proper guidanceinvolve the art of medicine.However, despite the many advances in medicine, and theexciting scientific developments, the care of the patient willalways require art as well as medication, humanism as wellas science, and the compassionate physician as well as thecomplex computer.University RepresentedAt AAAS Annual MeetingSeveral representative of the Universitytook part in the annual meeting of theAmerican Association for the Advance­ment of Science, held December 26-31 inChicago.Co-chairman for the meeting was Dr.George Beadle, President Emeritus andthe William E. Wrather Professor of Bi­ology and in the College.Those delivering papers and their topicswere:• Robert G. Sachs on "Time Reversal,"the vice-presidential address in physics.• Leigh Van Valen on "The History andStability of Atmospheric Oxygen."• Dr. Saul Balagura on "Neurochemical­Diecephalic Regulation of Food Intake."• Julian H. Levi on "The University'SRole."• Dr. Albert Dorfman on "Genetic Ab­normalities of the Mucopolysaccharides."• Dr. Henri Frischer on "Genetic Ab­normalities of the Red Cell Enzymes."• Dr. Edward C. Senay on "A Theory ofDepression-Summary and Overview."• Dr. Lloyd A. Ferguson on "Health CareNeeds in the 70s."• Jay Lemke on "Science and the Com­mon Culture."In addition to these:• Arnold W. Ravin arranged and chaireda symposium on "The Teaching of Science"and participated in a panel discussion of"The Philosophy of Biology."• Dr. Edward Senay was co-arranger fora symposium on "Separation and Depres­sion: Clinical and Research Aspects."• Robert G. Sachs co-arranged a sym­posium on "Elementary Particles andSymmetry." FACULTY APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONS EFFECTIVEJANUARY 1, 1970 NOT PREVIOUSLY ANNOUNCED INMEDICINE ON THE MIDWAYAPPOINTMENTSAppointed Professor:STUART ALTMANN-Anatomy,Biology, CollegeLUIS LARRAMENDI-AnatomyELMAR H. ZEITLER-BiophysicsAppointed Associate Professor:Dr. MORTON CREDITOR-Medicine,Exec. Dir. Illinois Regional Med. Prog.Dr. LEONARD R. PROCTOR-SurgeryDr. IRWIN ROSENBERG-MedicineDr. KAIJA VIROLAINEN-ZollerDental ClinicAppointed Assistant Professor:WINSTON A. ANDERSON-AnatomyDr. MARLUCE BIBBO-Obstetricsand GynecologyDr. HAROLD BROOKS-MedicineDr. TERRY J. ERNEST '61-SurgeryDr. JOHN HAMMERST ADT '64-MedicineDr. ELLIOTT D. KIEFF-MedicineDr. MOON H. KIM-Obstetricsand GynecologyDr. HEINZ KOHLER-PathologyDr. STANFORD LAMBERG-MedicineDr. CAROL LEBEIKO-Pediatrics andAssistant Medical Director, WoodlawnChild Health CenterDr. CHUNG-YUAN LIN-SurgeryDr. MARSHALL LINDHEIMER-Obstetrics, Gynecology and MedicineTERRANCE MARTIN-BiologyDr. COLIN MORLEY-Medicine, CollegeDr. THEODORE STECK-Medicine Dr. ANTHONY J. STEFFEK-ZollerDental ClinicDr. A. CARL VERRUSIO-ZollerDental ClinicDr. NICHOLAS VICK '65-MedicinePROMOTIONSPromoted to Professor:Dr. LUIS A. CIBILS-Obstetricsand GynecologyPromoted to Associate Professor:Dr. FRANCIS L. ARCHER-PathologyDr. ROBERT DRUYAN '56-MedicineDr. RICHARD H. EARLE '57-MedicinePromoted to Assistant Professor:Dr. PHILLIP A. COLLINS-RadiologyDr. DAVID T. C. CHIANG-RadiologyDr. DUSAN JOVANOVIC-Obstetricsand GynecologyDr. ANDREAS P. KYRIAZIS-Res.Ac.(As.Prof.) PathologyDr. NICHOLAS LENN '64-PediatricsDr. CHIEN-TAl LU-RadiologyDr. JOSEPH MATZ-Zoller Dental ClinicDr. ROBERT P AULISSIAN-AnesthesiologyDr. DONALD PEARSON-Surgery(Neurosurgery)Dr. VIVIANNE POKORNY-Res.Ac.(As.Prof.) OphthalmologyDr. DAVID OWEN-Zoller Dental ClinicDr. VERNON SMITH-Zoller DentalClinicDr. ALFRED J. WALL-MedicineNews of AlumniWhere Are They Now?Dr. David D. Beal, '61, an otologist,has been with the Native Health Servicein Anchorage, Alaska, since 1968, a posthe requested in order to utilize and develophis clinical skills."Upon arriving in Alaska in 1968," hesaid, "I found that everyone in the healthservice area was sure that there was anappalling amount of chronic supperativeotitis media in the Alaskan native popu­lation, but no firm data existed as todegree and severity."The population of 65,000 persons wasspread out over some 500,000 squaremiles and Dr. Beal was the single otologistfor the entire group.His initial resources, he says, were "atravel budget of less than $1,000, an oper­ating microscope, an inadequate set ofsurgical instruments, one used dental clinicchair, and an archaic audiometer."Dr. Beal's first priority was to establishfirm data as to incidence of the diseasein the native population so as to reapmaximum benefit from a treatment pro­gram. To this end, large numbers of schoolchildren were evaluated. It was discoveredthat of approximately 25,000 school-agechildren, some 2,500 needed surgical serv­ices. With the resources that were on hand,this had meant that an average of only100 children per year had been treated in the previous 10 years.To change this gloomy picture, Dr. Bealenlisted the cooperation of the entire areamedical staff and the help of the Chiefof the Anchorage Native Hospital and theChief of Pediatrics in designing and initi­ating a program.Beds were made available, surgical timeand staff were increased, auxiliary staffwas found (audiologists, nurses, and tech­nicians), and money was made availablefor travel for field evaluation, patienttravel,and new equipment."Thus," he continued, "in the first year,approximately 380 surgical procedureswere performed and, in the second year,we did about 600."After it was demonstrated that, withincreased resources, an entity that plaguedthe Alaskan native could be partially recti­fied, the headquarters staff of the IndianHealth Service took its program to Con­gress.In July, 1970, they received a five-yearCongressional grant of $438,000 per yearto accomplish the goals of diminishingnative mortality due to chronic supperativeotitis media, to reduce its incidence to lessthan 3 per cent, and to give to all thoseaffected, one ear with which they couldfunction in the verbal world. Dr. David D. BealBecause of the advances the group hasmade in treating a large, widely scatteredindigent population with an abnormallyhigh incidence of disease, the Finnishgovernment has asked Dr. Beal to presentthe results of the program at the SecondInternational Circumpolar Health Confer­ence, to be held in Oulu, Finland, in June,1971.The department at the Anchorage N a­tive Medical Center now consists of sixstaff members. Today, over 600 majorear surgical procedures are done per year,some 5,000 patients are evaluated, over2,000 audiologic studies are accomplished,and re-examinations are made of the 1,500patients who have had surgery.To accomplish this, the otologists travelover 12,000 miles yearly, spending up tosix weeks in remote Alaskan villages towhich they travel via single engine plane,snow machine and, occasionally, dog sled."In doing this," Dr. Beal said, "we enjoythe friendship of the most remarkablepeople in the world and live in one of itsmost spectacular areas."'47. Antolin Rav entos has been appointedProfessor and Chairman of the Depart­ment of Radiology at the School of Medi­cine of the University of California Daviscampus.'47. Daniel Weaver is Associate Professorof Anesthesiology at Tufts UniversitySchool of Medicine and Chief of theAnesthesia Department at Lemuel Shat­tuck Hospital in Jamaica Plain, Massa­chusetts.'56. C. Peter Rosenbaum, Associate Pro­fessor of Psychiatry at Stanford UniversitySchool of Medicine, is Director of theirPsychiatric Residency Training. He re­cently published The Meaning of Madness: Symptomatology, Sociology, Biology andTherapy of the Schizophrenias.'62. William H. Baker has joined the De­partment of Surgery at the University ofIowa College of Medicine.'62. Lawrence S. Lessin was appointedDirector of the Division of Hematologyand Associate Professor of Medicine atThe George Washington University Clinicin Washington, D.C.'62. Leonard J. Lyon has taken up newduties as Co-Director of Medical Educa­tion at Bergen Pines County Hospital,Paramus, New Jersey, in addition to hisprivate practice of internal medicine and cardiology. Prior to this he had been aresearch associate at the V.A. Hospital,Bronx, as part of their Cardiac TherapyResearch Unit, primarily engaged in eval­uating new drugs, and also had an appoint­ment on the teaching staff of FordhamUniversity Hospital. .'63. John E. Antoine has joined the facultyof the University of New Mexico Schoolof Medicine as Assistant Professor in theDepartment of Radiology.'66. Maria Gumbinas Schwartz has com­pleted her pediatric residency at YaleUniversity Medical Center in New Havenand has a pediatric-neurology fellowshipat Yale.News of RushAlumni'08. John W. Green of Vallejo, Californiawas elected Vice President of the FiftyYear Club of American Medicine at the1970 AMA Meeting in Chicago. He alsois a Fifty Year member of Solano CountyMedical Society with voting privileges.'17. William F. Moncreiff, Emeritus Clin­ical Professor of Ophthalmology, Univer­sity of Illinois, is far from retired judgingby his publications. In June, 1968, hepublished a book entitled, Refraction: Neu­rophysiological and Psychological View­points, and in March, 1970, he wrote apaper on "Congenital Cataract: Surgicaland Visual Problems: Two Decades ofDevelopments" for Ophthalmologica.'17. William Bowman Smith of Delano,California writes that he retired at age 87.In addition to his practice of generalmedicine and obstetrics, he served as Mayor of Delano from 1939 to 1945. Hisretirement activities include writing "Lime­rick Bill's Autobiography". His family in­cludes 1 son and 13 great grandchildren.Mrs. Smith died two years ago.'32. James P. Lovett, we have learned,suffered a massive stroke in September of1968 and is totally disabled. He is con­valescing in Lovett Meredith Clinic, Olney,Texas 76374. We send him our west wishesand know he would appreciate receivingnotes from fellow classmates.'34. William L. Curtis writes that he hassemi-retired to Vashon Island, Washington,with a part-time practice of radiology. Incommenting on the death of Dr. Byron F.Francis (Faculty '29-' 3 7) , he said Dr.Francis was much beloved by his chestand tuberculosis patients in Seattle. News of FormerResidents and F acuityJordan Dentschefj (Res. '53-'55) has beenelected Chairman of the Obstetrics andGynecology Department at St. ElizabethHospital, Youngstown, Ohio. br. Dent­scheff has practiced in Youngstown for13 years.William T. Kabisch (Ph.D. '54, Fac. An­atomy '54-'62) has been appointed As­sistant Dean and Associate Professor ofAnatomy in the new School of Medicineof Southern Illinois University in Spring­field. He will be working under Dr.Richard H. Moy, '57, Dean of the School.Helene D. Mayer (Res. '40-'42) has beenpromoted to Clinical Professor of Anes­thesiology at New York University Medi­cal School.Jordan Ohl (Res. '66-'68) completed hisAir Force tour of duty and joined thepathology staff of Sinai Hospital of De­troit. He also has an appointment asAdjunct Instructor at Wayne State MedicalSchool.Ne�furM���eonilieM�weyHave you changed position, moved, published, lectured, traveled, been appointedto office in a medical society, or been honored by a medical or civic organization?If so, let us know ... we'd appreciate it. Clip this coupon, or, if more convenient,use supplementary sheet.Name Class of _Info:Address_Mail your item to Medical Alumni Association, University of Chicago, 950 East59th St., Chicago, Illinois 60637. Hilger Perry JenkinsLoan FundAt the close of the calendar year, 208medical alumni and friends contributedover $6,900 to the loan fund established inmemory of Dr. Hilger Perry Jenkins, '27.Virtually all the funds have been loanedout at this time to needy and deservingmedical students. Throughout his teachingcareer, Dr. Jenkins demonstrated in somany ways his genuine interest in students,it is fitting that his loan fund should con­tinue to help future generations of medicalstudents.Anyone wishing to make a gift may send itto The Hilger Perry Jenkins Fund, Box451, 950 East 59th Street, Chicago, Illinois60637.F aculty News . . .Dr. Constantine E. Anagnostopoulos, As­sistant Professor of Surgery, was awardedan Established Investigatorship for theAmerican Heart Association, effectiveJuly 1. The award is for five years.Dr. George W. BeadleGeorge W. Beadle, the William E. WratherProfessor in the Department of Biology. and in the College, and Dr. Albert Dorf­man, '44, Chairman and the Richard T.Crane Distinguished Service Professor inDr. Albert Dorfmanthe Department of Pediatrics, participatedin a press conference in January to discussthe ramifications of the bill passed byPresident Nixon which allocates $10 mil­lion for genetic research. The Chicagopress conference was one of three heldacross the nation.Dr. Edward P. Cohen, Assistant Professorof Medicine and Microbiology and in theLa Rabida Institute, addressed the Chicago Society of Allergy on "Immunity to Neo­plasia; Natural and Acquired."Charles L. Coulter, Assistant Professor ofAnatomy, has been elected a Fellow of theAmerican Institute of Chemists and to theNew York Academy of Sciences. He iscurrently a Visiting Fellow in the ChemicalCrystallography Laboratory of OxfordUniversity, headed by the Nobel Laureate,Dr. Dorothy Hodgkin.Dr. Robert S. Daniels, Associate Dean forSocial and Community Medicine, Pro­fessor of Psychiatry and in the College, Dr. Walter Gibbonsand Director of the Center for HealthAdministration Studies, was a VisitingProfessor of Social Medicine and ClinicalEpidemiology at St. Thomas' HospitalMedical School in London.Kenneth P. Dubois, Professor of Phar­macology and Director of the ToxicityLaboratory, and John H. Rust, Professorof Pharmacology and Radiology and Di­rector of the A. J. Carlson Animal Facility,were members of an eight-man specialcommittee of the National Academy ofSciences-National Research Council whichrecently advised the Food and Drug Ad­ministration that present and projecteduse of saccharin poses no known hazardto man. The panel recommended furtherlaboratory study.Earl A. Evans, Jr., Professor and Chair­man of the Department of Biochemistry,and Roy P. Mackal, Associate Professorin the Department, have received a grantfrom the John A. Hartford Foundation ofNew York to continue their study of DNA.Dr. Frank W. Fitch, '53, Professor ofPathology, has been appointed to thePathology Test Committee of the NationalBoard of Examiners.Dr. Daniel X. Freedman, Professor andChairman of the Department of Psychiatry,has been reappointed to the Illinois Nar­cotic Advisory Council by the Governor.Dr. Walter R. Gibbons, Instructor in theDepartments of Medicine and Physiology, was awarded the American Hospital As­sociation's 1970 Basic Research Prize forYoung Investigators. Dr. Gibbons pre­sented his winning paper at the Associa­tion's annual meeting in Atlantic City.Dr. C. Frederick Kittle, '45, Professor ofSurgery and Head of the Section of Tho­racic and Cardiovascular Surgery, wasnamed Vice-Chairman of the Council onCardiovascular Surgery of the AmericanHeart Association and also was appointedto the Association's Board of Directors.Dr. Steven G. Kramer, Instructor of Oph­thalmology, received the annual WilliamA. Fisher Award from the ChicagoOphthalmological Society for the bestpaper presented during 1969-1970. Thetitle was "New Techniques in RadioisotopeScanning of the Orbit."Dr. Alex E. Krill, Professor of Ophthal­mology, was presented an Award of Meritfor service to the American Academy ofOphthalmology and Otolaryngology at itsannual meeting. Along with Dr. Frank W.Newell, Chairman of Ophthalmology, theyreceived the American Medical Associa­tion's Section on Ophthalmology Prizefor presentation of the most meritoriouspaper at its annual meeting. The title ofthe paper was: "The Use of Photocoagu­lation in Chronic Macular Edema Second­ary to Branch Occlusion."Richard C. Lewontin, the Louis BlockProfessor in the Division of the BiologicalSciences, Professor in the Department ofTheoretical Biology, and Chairman of theCommittee on Evolutionary Biology, wasone of 42 recipients of Senior PostdoctoralFellowships awarded by the NationalScience Foundation. Four other UniversityFaculty members received awards, repre­senting the largest group by a singleinstitution.Dr. Allan L. Lorincz, '47, Professor ofMedicine, Section of Dermatology, servedas one of the moderators for a seminar on"Current Aspects of Urticaria" during theannual American Academy of Allergymeeting in Chicago in February.Dr. Daniel McCartyDr. Daniel J. McCarty, Professor of Medi­cine, has been appointed Chairman of theNational Arthritis Reference Center Com­mittee, charged with the task of deter­mining the national need for specialists inthe rheumatic diseases.Dr. Joel E. Murray, '66, Instructor in theDepartment of Medicine, will be stayingon as an Assistant Professor in the Neu­rology Section.Dr, Frank W. Newell, Professor andChairman of Ophthalmology, recently de­livered the Fifth Goar Lecture of theHouston Ophthalmological Society andBaylor University on the subject, "SomeAspects of the Ocular Blood Flow." Inthe fall he spent a week at Johns Hop­kins University as a Visiting Professor at Dr. Frank Newellthe Wilmer Institute. Dr. Newell has beenelected Vice-President of the NationalSociety for the Prevention of Blindness.He has served as Dirctor since 1959 andcurrently is Chairman of the Committeeon Research.Dr. Albert M. Potts, Director of Researchand Professor of Ophthalmology, has beenappointed by the American Ophthalmo­logical Society as their representative tothe National Committee for Research inOphthalmology and Blindness.Dr. Henry Rappaport, Professor of Pathol­ogy and Director of the Surgical PathologyLaboratory and of the HematopathologyTraining Program, was a guest speaker atthe 13th International Congress of Hema­tology in Munich, Germany. Also, Dr.Rappaport recently was named to theEditorial Advisory Board of the journal,Cancer.Prof. Arnold W. Ravin has been re-ap­pointed Master of the Biological SciencesCollegiate Division, Associate Dean of theCollege, and Associate Dean of the Di­vision of the Biological Sciences for athree-year term. Prof. Ravin also serves asProfessor of Biology and in the Com­mittees on Evolutionary Biology, of Ge­netics, and the Conceptual Foundations ofScience.Dr. John E. Robinson, Associate Professorin the Walter G. Zoller Dental Clinic, wasinstalled as President of the American Academy of Maxillofacial Prosthetics atthe Academy's annual session in LasVegas.Dr. George L. Wied, the Blum-Riese Pro­fessor in the Department of Obstetrics andGynecology and Pathology, won theGeorge N. Papanicolaou Award presentedby the Society of Cytology at its annualDr. George Wiedmeeting in December. The award wasgiven for development of a computer tohelp detect differences in tissue cells takenfrom human organs.Dr. Dorothy B. Windhorst, '54, AssistantProfessor of Medicine, Section of Derma­tology, spoke on "Skin Findings in De­fective Host Defense" before the Ameri­can College of Physicians Meeting inRichmond, Virginia.Dr. Robert W. Wissler, '49, Professor andChairman of the Department of Pathol­ogy, has been appointed to the PathologyAdvisory Council of the Veterans Admin­istration.Dr. Frederick P. Zuspan, the JosephBolivar DeLee Professor and Chairman ofthe Department of Obstetrics and Gyne­cology, has been named an editor of theAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gy­necology. Dr. Zuspan has received theCentennial Achievement Award fromOhio State University.IN MEMORIAMFormer Pharmacology ChairmanDies January 12 in WashingtonDr. Eugene Maximilian Karl Geiling,first Chairman of the Department of Phar­macology at The University of Chicago,died Tuesday, January 12, in Washington,D.C.Dr. Geiling, the Frank P. Hixon Dis­tinguished Service Professor Emeritus ofPharmacology at the University, retired in1957 as Chairman of that Department. Hehad been living in Washington since 1958.Widely known for his studies of the pi­tuitary gland, Dr. Geiling was an authorityon many phases of drugs and their actions.Early in his career, he participated withDr. John J. Abel in the research at JohnsHopkins University which led to thecrystallization of insulin.Born in 1891 in Branford, South Africa,he received an A.B. degree in 1911 fromthe U niversity of. South Africa. In 1914,he came to the United States as an over­seas fellow from the Union of SouthAfrica to study in the Department ofAnimal Husbandry and Nutrition at theUniversity of Illinois, where he receiveda Ph.D. degree in 1917 in physiologicalchemistry.In 1936, a separate Department of Phar­macology was established at The Universityof Chicago and Dr. Geiling, who then wasa member of the faculty at Johns HopkinsUniversity, was invited to become the firstchairman. He organized the departmentas an academic unit devoted to teachingand graduate research.During his early years at Chicago, hecontinued his research on the pituitarygland-work that showed clearly that theoxytocic, pressor, and antidiuretic hor­mones were elaborated by the neural lobeof the pituitary, and not by the interme­diary lobe, as was believed previously.This work is considered by many authori­ties as his most significant achievement. Dr. Geiling had a deep concern for theproblems of drug safety and the work heand Dr. Paul R. Cannon, Professor Emer­itus of Pathology, did led to the enactmentof new statutes which transformed theFood and Drug Administration into aneffective enforcement agency.Just prior to the U.S. entry into WorldWar II, the National Defense ResearchCommittee asked The University of Chi­cago to establish a facility capable ofevaluating the toxicity of chemical agents,so that the- crippling injuries inflicted bychemical warfare during World War Icould be avoided.The Toxicity Laboratory was set up bythe Department of Pharmacology with Dr.Geiling as principal investigator and thelate Dr. Franklin D. McLean as director.During the war, the two men and theirstaff of some 60 investigators studied thetoxicity of more than 2,000 potentialchemical warfare agents, including thenitrogen mustards. Pathological studies ofthe latter demonstrated their action onblood-forming tissues, an observation whichcontributed to their clinical use in thetreatment of Hodgkin's disease.Another research program was to screenand measure the pharmacologic activityof newly synthesized potential antimalarialdrugs. One of the metabolic products ofquinine was isolated in pure form for thefirst time; identification of its structure ledto the syntheses of many potentially valu­able compounds. The result of the programwas the introduction of the antimalarialdrug, chloroquine.Following the war, he turned his at­tention to radioactive organic drugs, work­ing with Dr. Lloyd 1. Roth, who succeededhim as Chairman of the Department ofPharmacology.Dr. Geiling had no immediate survivors. Deaths ofFormer F acultyF. Harold Entz, (Instructor, Surgery '29-'31), Waterloo, Iowa, JanuaryS, 1971, age69.Eugene M. K. Geiling, (Faculty, Pharma­cology '36-'56), Washington, D.C., Janu­ary 12, 1971, age 79, (see obituary).Byron F. Francis, (Instructor, '29-'31,Assistant Professor, '31-'37, Departmentof Medicine), Seattle, Washington, Sep­tember 20, 1970, age 69.Michigan Surgeon,Dr. Clair BasingerDies January 6Clair E. Basinger, '46, of Grand Rapids,Michigan, died January 6, at age 49 fromcomplications of a cardiac arrest.A leading thoracic and cardiovascularsurgeon, Dr. Basinger served a surgicalresidency at The University of Chicagofrom 1950-1954. While at Billings, he didsome of the early work on aortic an­eurysms and grafting of major arteries. In1955, he went to Grand Rapids where heworked with Dr. Richard A. Rasmussen,'38 (Res. '39-'42) and Dr. Richard H.Meade, in developing an early break­through model of a heart-lung machine.An editorial in "The Grand RapidsPress" praised him as follows, "It is be­cause of the knowledge, the skill and thededication of such men as Dr. Clair E.Basinger that Grand Rapids has been aleader in medical talent and service .... Itwas probably true, as his colleagues sooften commented, that he drove himselftoo hard .... But that was the kind of asurgeon, the kind of compassionate humanbeing Dr. Basinger was."Dr. Basinger is survived by his wife andtwo daughters.Alumni Deaths'00. Philip A. Loomis, Colorado Springs,Colorado, 1970, age 96.'00. Harry W. Morcom, Virginia, Minne­sota, July 11, 1970, age 95.'01. Milton M. Portis, Palm Springs, Cali­fornia, July 21, 1970, age 93.'02. James H. Carnelley, Elkhart, Indiana,September 14, 1968, age 98.'07. Frank W. Calhoun, Albert Lea, Min­nesota, August 13, 1970, age 93.'08. Margary J. Gilfillan, St. Petersburg,Florida, October 12, 1970, age 94.'12. Maude H. Winnett, Chicago, Illinois,April 10, 1970, age 86.'13. Joseph L. Martineau, St. Paul, Min­nesota, 1970, age 83.'13. Yorke B. Sutch, San Diego, Cali­fornia, July 8, 1970, age 82.'14. Louis T. Curry, St. Petersburg, Flor­ida, November 27, 1970, age 82.'15. Lawrence G. Dunlap, Springfield,Illinois, 1970, age 78., 16. Arthur K. Baldwin, Carrollton, Illi­nois, June 26, 1970, age 82.'16. Vincent W. Koch, Janesville, Wiscon­sin, March 5, 1969, age 80.'17. Sarah R. Kelman, New York, NewYork, 1970, age 84.'17. Charles A. Robins, Lewiston, Idaho,September 20, 1970, age 86.'17. K. Frances Scott, Northampton, Mas­sachusetts, January 2, 1971, age 80.'18. Harry L. Huber, Laguna Hills, Cali­fornia, August 15, 1970, age 87.'19. Hulburt E. Bardenwerper, Wauwa­tosa, Wisconsin, March 9, 1970, age 74.'19. Allan B. King, Wilmette, Illinois,August 22, 1970, age 76.'20. William W. Billings, Alton, Illinois,December 8, 1969, age 76.'20. John W. Brennan, Virginia Beach,Virginia, May, J 969, age 80. '21. William C. Bruff, Whittier, California,October, 1970, age 74.'21. Joseph F. Shimpa, Madison, Wiscon­sin, October 15, 1970, age 73.'23. Arthur J. Connell, Rockford, Illinois,August 10, 1970, age 75.'24. Clifford L. Dougherty, Highland Park,Michigan, April 4, 1970, age 78.'24. Matthew J. Kiley, Chicago, Illinois,September 8, 1969, age 78.'24. Morton G. Marks, Milwaukee, Wis­consin, 1970, age 80.'24. Lyndle W. Peterson, Fort Lauderdale,Florida, September 2, 1970, age 73.'25. Rufus B. Robins, Chicago, Illinois,September 21, 1970, age 71.'26. CarlO. Almquist, Gary, Indiana, Sep­tember 20, 1970, age 76.'26. Hervey S. Faris, Santa Barbara, Cal­ifornia, July 31, 1970, age 78.'26. Robert L. Holcombe, Highland, Il­linois, January 23, 1970, age 71.'28. Daniel L. Woods, Cathedral City,California, August 7, 1969, age 61.'29. Edmund Crowley, Glendale, Califor­nia, June 6, 1970, age 68.'30. Lames H. Teusink, Cedar Springs,Michigan, July 1, 1970, age 67.'31. George F. Harsh, San Diego, Cali­fornia, May 23, 1970, age 73.'31. Julian L. Plaut, Chicago, Illinois,January 1, 1971, age 65.'31. Leonard B. Shpiner, Kankakee, Illi­nois, January 21, 1971, age 66.'32. Frank C. Green, Chillicothe, Illinois,May 11, 1969, age 68.'33. Ralph M. Fisher, Weston, West Vir­ginia, July 5, 1970, age 66.'33. Louis A. Me Rae. Albuquerque, NewMexico, October 10, 1970, age 03. '33. Eugene B. Schuster, Pittsburgh, Penn­sylvania, October 3, 1970, age 68.'33. Klenner F. Sharp, Fresno, California,January 24, 1970, age 66.'34. George R. Mueller, Chicago, Illinois,November 15, 1970, age 62.'34. C. Conrad Najjar, Encino, California,October, 1969, age 63.'35. Leonard W. Moody, Bayfield, Wis­consin, 1969, age 64.'35. Samuel H. Worthen, Jr., Afton, Wy­oming, 1970, age 62.'36. Chilton E. Spurgeon, Newton, NewJersey, 1970, age 68.'36. Luther C. Thompson, Twin Falls,Idaho, July 30, 1970, age 67.'37. Clyde R. Kennedy, San Diego, Cali­fornia, August, 1970, age 76.'37. Edward T. Meacham, Kent, Ohio,December 9, 1970, age 64.'39. Walter J. Hamilton, San Carlos, Cal­ifornia, August 24, 1970, age 59.'41. Sidney Smith, Bradenton, Florida,November 12, 1970, age 58.'41. Clarence C. Fabric, Phoenix, Arizona,July 23, 1970, age 59.'42. Donald G. Bradshaw, Tampa, Florida,September, 1970, age 61.'42. Earl S. Stephenson, Arlington Heights,Illinois, December 27, 1970, age 66.'43. John W. Sloan, De Kalb, Illinois,September 30, 1970, age 52.'46. Clair E. Basinger, Grand Rapids,Michigan, January 6, 1971, age 49, (seeobituary) .'46, Mark F. Hance, Troy, Ohio, Septem­ber 5, 1969, age 47.'49. Clifford L. Peasley, Portland, Oregon,September 29, 1970, age 55.'59. Jean A. Sticglit», Chicago, Illinois,February 10, 1971, age 39,Calendar of EventsTuesday, March 30-Denver. Receptionduring The American College of Physi­cians Meeting. Denver Hilton Hotel. 6: 00-7:00 p.m. Spouses invited.Monday, May 3-San Francisco. ChicagoLying-in Hospital Dinner for alumni andspouses during The American College ofObstetricians and Gynecologists Meeting.Bardelli's Restaurant, 243 O'Farrell Street,8:30 p.m., $7.50 per person.Tuesday, May 4-Washington, D.C. De­partment of Psychiatry and the Psychoso­matic and Psychiatric Institute of MichaelReese Hospital Cocktail Party during TheAmerican Psychiatric Meeting. Check pro­gram for time and location.Thursday, June 10 - Chicago. AnnualMedical Alumni Banquet honoring Classof 1971, Rush Class of 1921, and Alumnireceiving awards. Pick-Congress Hotel.Reservations made through the MedicalAlumni Office.Your seat is reserved for the Annual Medical Alumni Banquet Thursday, June 10,1971 Letters to the EditorDear Sir:"Medicine on The Midway", Vol. 25,No.2, is superb. If future issues are asgood, it could have great unifying impacton all of us.There is only one matter, I'd appreciateyour considering: The handling of deathannouncements. It is probably always dif­ficult but somehow there must be betterways of treating these than as page fillers(pages 24, 25, and 26).A beautiful job.Best wishes,Louis Cohen, M.D.Dear Sir:This is to congratulate you on the Fall,1970 issue of the bulletin of the MedicalAlumni Association. I was particularlyimpressed by the coverage of Dr. AlvinTarlov's article.While the format of the bulletin is excel­lent overall, it bothers me to see the head­ings of articles perched up at the top ofthe page with a large white space belowit. Titles presumably relate to the articlesthemselves, and it seems to me that thisrelationship should be closely spatial aswell as explanatory.Sincerely,Henry T. Ricketts, M.D.Annual Medical Alumni BanquetThursday, June 10, 1971Time: Cocktails-6:00 p.m.Dinner -7:00 p.m.Speaker: Prof. Joseph J.Schwab, WilliamRainey HarperProfessor, NaturalSciences (College);Professor, Departmentof EducationTitle: "Medicine, Medi­cine Men, andTheir Morals"Dr. Sidney SchulmanA LetterFrom the Alumni PresidentDear Alumni,It has been my privilege to be President of the Medical Alumni Associationduring the final year of a three-year national drive, chaired by Dr. WalterPalmer, to raise $500,000 for the medical school. At the end of that period,in December, 1970, the goal had been reached. With the December giftsmade through the American Medical Association-Education and ResearchFoundation, we hope to pass that figure by $10,000.On behalf of the Alumni Association I wish to express our great gratitude toDr. Palmer, to all of our alumni and our friends for their gifts, to the �4 classchairmen who wrote 1,800 letters to their classmates, and to the medicalalumni, house staff and medical students-all 100 of them, who volunteeredto carry out a nation-wide "phonathon" of persuasion. As a result of thishigh-spirited activity, the number of donors increased from 900 in 1969, to1 ,345 in 1970, and more than the sum required to fulfill the half-million dol­lar goal was raised. Many, many thanks!After so much work and generosity we owe it to ourselves to have a goodtime together. The best way to do this is to come to the Annual Alumni Din­ner in honor of the graduating class on 1 une 10, at the Pick -Congress inChicago. Nobody who comes to this function ever fails to have a good time.The place varies from year to year (I think that is one of its charms), andthe format varies a little, but all of the important things about it endure­the cocktail hour brings everyone together in open friendship, Dean Ceithamlpresents the student awards with a forceful grace no one can forget, "lake"tells a joke, badly (this is part of his charm), Douglas Buchanan evokesthe whole birth of medicine on the island of Cos, alumni most of us havenot seen for years are presented with Distinguished Service and Gold KeyAwards by witty speakers, and we hear a speaker of the evening who isinvariably excellent-and invariably speaks only five minutes more than thetime alloted him.Above all, we come to the Alumni Dinner to honor the graduating classand their families, to celebrate their achievement proudly in an age whensuccess is not always thoroughly fashionable.MEDICINE ON THE MIDWAYTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOTHE MEDICAL ALUMNI ASSOCIATIONTHE PRITZKER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE950 EAST 59TH STREETCHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60637•ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTEDRETURN POSTAGE GUARANTEED NON-PROFIT ORG.U.S. POSTAGEPAIDPERMIT NO. 9666CHICAGO, ILL.