NOTES AND COMMENTThe drama of the thalidomide storyhas reached every American household.Its heroine is Frances Oldham Kelsey,'50. For more than fifteen years sheworked on this campus. She was a stu­dent of E. M. K. Geiling when he camehere to head the first separate Depart­ment of Pharmacology in 1936, and wasgranted the first Ph.D. given in 1938. In1943 she married F. Ellis Kelsey, amember of the pharmacology faculty,and within the next few years they hadtwo daughters and Frances completedher studies for the M.D.In 1952 the Kelseys went to the Uni­versity of South Dakota where Ellis waschairman of the Department of Physi­ology and Pharmacology and she taughtand practiced medicine in Vermillionand outlying South Dakota towns.In 1960, their revered professor, Dr.Geiling, persuaded the Kelseys to cometo Washington-Ellis to work with theNational Institutes of Health and Fran­ces to be medical officer in the U.S. Foodand Drug Administration.What has happened since is known allover the land. A particularly good ac­count called "The Unfinished Story ofThalidomide" appeared in the SaturdayReview of September 1, 1962.Kenneth DuBois, the author of ourstory, was a colleague of the Kelseys atChicago and, incidentally, is a native ofSouth Dakota and received his under­graduate education there.Early last summer, with the blessing ofthe University, six of our young doctorsleft the security of their modern scien­tific environment to attempt to re-estab­lish medical care and hospital facilitiesin the battered city of Algiers. Theirnatural endowment of good sense and afine talent for improvisation helped them"The country may have its Roosevelts andKennedys, but the University has its Gal­laghers," Earl Evans quipped when pre­senting Tom, Sr., for the DistinguishedService Award. Family-olumni groups arebecoming a pleasantly familiar sight at aurReunion Banquets, although such an arrayas the Gallaghers, pictured at the left, issomething special. Other pictures and thedetails of the reunion will be found on pp.10-13. accomplish an extremely difficult assign­ment in a short time.President Kennedy expressed the na­tion's appreciation in a letter to PresidentBeadle:"Both personally and on behalf of theUnited States Government I want tocongratulate you and to thank the Uni­versity of Chicago Emergency Team forAlgeria for the splendid work which theyperformed under the joint auspices ofyour University and CARE/MEDICO."As you know, when Drs. LeRoy,Kasik, Gurney, Finlayson, Sayman,Strandjord, Cohen and Mrs. Cohen wentto Algeria at the beginning of July thecountry was in the midst of a most diffi­cult period of transition to independ­ence. At that time of need and danger,the people were temporarily deprived ofadequate medical care."The volunteer members of the Uni­versity team gallantly thrust themselvesinto this breach to re-establish one ofthe most important medical facilities inthe country."Their success can be gauged in manyways. For example, it was clear in theobvious gratitude and warmth withwhich they were received by the Alge­rian people-in some cases patientstravelled for days for treatment. M ede­cine A mericain has become a passwordthrough the physical roadblocks whichliterally stopped the traffic of Algiersand psychological roadblocks whichfiguratively have hindered the growth ofAlgerian-American relations."It is this kind of effort by individual,public-spirited Americans which con­tributes so much to the good name ofAmerica abroad. We are all in theirdebt."The Clinical Research Center has beenin existence for over a year and is now asmoothly functioning unit of the medicalschool. Richard Landau, Director of theCenter, tells us how it works in his articleon page 8.Seventy students were awarded theM.D. degree at the June Convocation.Their pictures and curricula vitae aregiven on pages 14-18 followed by the ab­stracts of the papers presented at theScientific Session on pages 19-21.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 3FRANCES KELSEY AND THALIDOMIDEAbout twenty-five years ago attentionwas focused on the University of Chi­cago in connection with the Massengill"sulfanilamide elixir" which caused thedeath of at least seventy-six and pos­sibly more than a hundred people beforeits sale could be halted. In that instancethe cause of fatalities was found to bediethylene glycol, the solvent used in thispharmaceutical preparation.It was E. M. K. Geiling, then Pro­fessor of Pharmacology, and Paul R.Cannon, then Professor of Pathology,who demonstrated that administration ofdiethylene glycol to animals produced thesame tissue changes that were observedin human fatalities after ingestion of"elixir of sulfanilamide." It was this un­fortunate episode that drew attention tothe lack of provisions in the existing fed­eral statutes for toxicity testing of drugson animals, and the incident climaxed afive-year struggle for a stronger andmore inclusive food and drug law. Theresult was passage of the Food, Drugand Cosmetic Act of 1938 under whichthe Food and Drug Administrationoperates to this time.During the past few months a simi­larly alarming incident involving drugtoxicity attracted international attentionwhen it was found that the new sedative,thalidomide, causes fetal malformations.Fortunately, however, the introductionof thalidomide into medical usage in theUnited States, and the certain catastro­phe which would have resulted, were pre­vented by Frances O. Kelsey, the firstrecipient of the Ph.D. degree in Pharma­cology at the University of Chicago, analumna of the medical school, and aformer member of the staff of the De­partment of Pharmacology at this insti­tution. In her position as Medical Officerin the New Drugs Division of the Foodand Drug Administration she delayedapproval of the manufacturing firm'spetition to market thalidomide in theUnited States until convincing evidenceof the drug's safety could be presented.The caution exerted by Dr. Kelsey inher refusal to approve this new drugprevented the occurrence of a mostserious medical problem in the UnitedStates. The nation's gratitude to her hasbeen expressed by President Kennedy inpresenting the Gold Medal Award forDistinguished Civilian Service.Thalidomide (N-phthaloyl-glutami-mide) was first synthesized in 1956 by'" MEDICAL ALUMNI BUllETIN Kunz, Keller and Muchter in Germanywho also demonstrated that it is a centralnervous system depressant. Thalidomidewas found to have a quieting effect onthe central nervous system of animals,to reduce voluntary activity, and to pro­mote sleep. Its ability to induce sleepis comparable to that of the short-actingbarbiturates but unlike the barbitu­rates it does not cause an initial exci­tation in mice or incoordination or nar­cosis. These properties make thalido­mide a unique, new sedative agent whichundoubtedly would have achieved wide­spread and, perhaps, lasting usefulness,were it not for the peculiar toxic effectsthat were eventually discovered.The published toxicological data onthalidomide provide no concrete basisfor skepticism concerning its safety. Anarticle published in the British Journalof Pharmacology by Somers in 1960states that thalidomide is virtually non­toxic. His statement is substantiated byexperimental evidence that mice can tol­erate 5 grams per kilogram of bodyweight without ill effects, guinea pigscan tolerate 650 milligrams per kilo­gram, and rats can be given 1 gram perkilogram without ill effects. Anotherstudy done in the United States andpublished in the Journal of Pharmacol­o gy and Experimental Therapeutics in1961 was in essential agreement with thedata obtained in England. However,there are certain deficiencies in thescope of the published studies on tha­lidomide from the standpoint of the re­quirements in this country for theamount and type of animal experimenta­tion which should be done before a drugis approved for human use. Any drugthat may be taken repeatedly over longperiods of time should be subjected tochronic toxicity tests in which the drugis fed to experimental animals during aconsiderable portion of their life span.New drugs should always be tested onimmature animals and there are a num­ber of experimental toxicologists whohave advocated for some time that newdrugs should be tested on pregnant ani­mals. Species differences in susceptibil­ity should be studied carefully, In thecase of thalidomide the usual therapeu­tic dose to produce sedation in man wasaround 100 milligrams or about 1.5 mil­ligrams per kilogram of body weight incontrast to much larger doses required to produce sedation in experimental ani­mals. Fortunately, Dr. Kelsey was con­vinced of deficiencies in the amount ofexperimental evidence supporting theclaim that thalidomide was safe and she,therefore, required additional data.The time required for the additionalexperiments was extremely fortunate be­cause it was during this period that re­ports began to appear in the Europeanliterature implicating thalidomide as acause of neuritis and fetal malforma­tions. Dr. Kelsey noticed an article inLancet suggesting the possibility thatthalidomide was the cause of a high in­cidence of limb deformities in a smallarea in England. Actually, however, twoGerman physicians had reported the newsyndrome, without directly implicatingthalidomide, at a meeting of the GermanPediatric Association in October of1960. It should be noted that the earlyreporting of these cases was an extreme­ly important factor in prevention of theintroduction of thalidomide into use inthis country because none of the animalspecies or types of tests required up tothe present time for the toxicologicalevaluation of new drugs would havedemonstrated a toxic effect on the de­veloping embryo.Following the preliminary evidence ofthe involvement of thalidomide as thecause of limb deformities, Drs. Lenz andKnapp of the University of Hamburgconducted an excellent study on the re­lationship between thalidomide intakeby pregnant women and the incidence offetal abnormalities. They collected 129cases in Hamburg and its surroundingsand in 90 of these cases there was defi­nite evidence that thalidomide wastaken in early pregnancy. They wereable to define the critical period of tha­lidomide intake as being no longer than14 days between the 27th and 40th daysof pregnancy. These investigators sub­mitted an excellent account of theirstudies to the A.M.A. Archives of Envi­ronmental Health on April 23, 1962, andit was published in the August issue.The thalidomide incident has arousedthe public, the government regulatoryagencies, and the pharmaceutical indus­try to the need for taking every neces­sary measure to insure the safety of alldrugs before they are permitted for gen­eral distribution. Although the period ofusage of thalidomide was brief, it willlong be remembered in countries likeWestern Germany where the incidenceof drug-induced malformations is ex­pected to reach a number between 2,000and 3,000. In the United States a similartragedy was averted but the incidentwill have a profound effect upon theprocedures used for the laboratory andclinical investigation of new drugs in thefuture.Like the "elixir of sulfanilamide" epi­sode 25 years ago, one result of thethalidomide incident in this country hasbeen the enactment of new federal legis­lation which markedly revises andstrengthens the Food, Drug and Cos­metic Act of 1938. The new legislationwill require greatly expanded require­ments for animal experimentation priorto clinical trials and close control of allclinical investigations on new drugs. Onephase of the enforcement of this legis­lation has been the creation of the newInvestigational Drug Branch of the Foodand Drug Administration of which Dr.Kelsey has been made the Chief MedicalOfficer.To date universities have not beendirectly involved in the thalidomide in­cident in this country. However, in­creased requirements for the toxicologi­cal and clinical testing of drugs will reoquire an increase in the training of com­petent scientists capable of conductingresearch in this field. Medical schoolsconstitute the principal source of toxi­cologists and clinical investigators. Fewinstitutions offer graduate training pro­grams in pre-clinical or clinical toxicol­ogy and no medical school in the UnitedStates has yet added toxicology to therequirements of the medical curriculum.Dr. Kelsey's ability to interpret toxico­logical data obtained in animals with aview toward judging the safety of a drugfor man illustrates the value of thoroughtraining and experience in weighing theadvantages of a new drug to man againstits hazards. In view of the rapid recentdevelopments climaxed by the thalido­mide incident, it is anticipated that for­ward-looking institutions will strengthentheir training programs, expand theirtraining facilities, and increase their out­put of competent, well-trained scientistsin clinical and pre-clinical toxicology. Itis well established that the effectivenessof any legislation aimed at protectingthe public health is highly dependentupon the competence of the scientists ina particular field both within and out­side the regulatory agencies.KENNETH P. DuBoISProfessor of PharmacologyDirector, USAF Radiation Laboratory;,:.:;"}:':::;'�T'''KASIK AND FRIENDSGURNEYTHE YOUNG NASSIRA BOUGUERASTRANDJORDLeROY ALGERIAN DOCTORSFINLAYSONTUBERCULAR WARDSAYMAN OPERATION ALGIERSOn July 5, six doctors left their postson our faculty to serve as the first Medi­cal Emergency Team in Algeria. In re­sponse to an appeal from the State De­partment through CARE-MEDICO,they had volunteered to "activate thesurgical suite of the Hopital Civil deBeni-Messous in Algiers and to renderas much medical service as possible tothe Algerians." Implicit in the missionwas the broader objective of developingan American medical service programthat could be continued by succeedingteams.George V. LeRoy, '34, Professor ofMedicine, was especially qualified to headthe Chicago group because of his experi­ence in setting up a series of Army Hos­pitals in the South Pacific during WorldWar II. The others were: Birdwell Fin­layson, '57, a member of the urologyservice, Clifford Gurney, '51, head ofthe hematology service, John E. Kasik,'54, from the chest service, Wynn Say­man, '53, general surgery, and NelsStrandjord, '46, radiology. They wereaccompanied by six registered nurses anda medical technologist recruited by theAmerican Red Cross.The team arrived at the Beni-Messouson July 9. The hospital housed over athousand patients, most of them tuber­cular, some adults with a variety ofmedical problems and battle injuries, andthe rest children who had been trans­ferred from the bombed Mustapha Hos­pital. There were six Algerian physicians,two French and two other European vol­unteer physicians to care for them.The surgical suite and wards wereempty. The nursing service was short­handed and the technical and servicestaff inadequate. But the principal serv­ices-kitchen, laundry, pharmacy, andengineering-were in operation andwithin a few days medical supplies andequipment had been unpacked and in­ventoried (arrangements had been madefor blood to be supplied on demandfrom the Transfusion Center at ClosSalembrier), and technicians were found who could repair the medical apparatusat the hospital.The team began treating patients im­mediately. Twenty-four hours after theylanded, Wynn Sayman and BirdwellFinlayson performed an emergency op­eration at the Clinique de Verdun in theAlgerian Casbah. On the same day, NelsStrandjord assumed responsibility forthe radiology unit and began to issuedaily diagnostic reports on all films made.Eight days later the emergency roomand outpatient consulting service beganto function, the surgical ward and theoperating rooms were ready for patients.From then on, round-the-clock emergen­cy-room service was provided with oneof the Chicago team invariably on thenight duty.On July 24, Cliff Gurney and JohnKasik took charge of the children's unitwhen a serious outbreak of infantilediarrhea threatened the entire group asthe volunteer French pediatrician's tourof duty ended. They were successful incontrolling the diarrhea and improvingconditions generally.The second Medical Emergency Teamarrived on schedule and on August 4 as­sumed responsibility for the project. Athird team, in September, included twomore Chicagoans, Louis Cohen, '53, car­diology, and his wife, Emilie, a surgicalnurse.The CARE-MEDICO commitmentof three months has been extended foranother six months. The Medical Schoolof the University of Algiers was reopenedthe first of January and the Decemberteam helped with that effort.The Chicago Team was invited toname the surgical suite which had beentheir particular responsibility. They choseto name it for Benjamin Rush as anappropriate symbol of American medi­cine closely identified with their ownAlma Mater. The Algerians, having sorecently won their own independence,were pleased to honor a man who hadbeen one of the signers Of our Declara­tion of Independence.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 7CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTERBy RICHARD L. LANDAU, M.D.Professor of Medicine and Director, Clinical Research Medical CenterThe opening of the new Clinical Re­search Center on August 11, 1961, her­alded a new era of expanded clinical in­vestigative activity at the University ofChicago Clinics and Hospitals. The 29-bed unit located on the second floor ofthe handsome new Chronic Disease Hos­pital is financed by an annual grant ofabout $750,000 from the United StatesPublic Health Service. This center, thelargest of a number of such installationsestablished in teaching and research in­stitutions throughout the country, isdesigned for the care of the research pa­tients of all the clinical departments.Such multicategorical and multipur­pose research centers represent the Pub­lic Health Service's response to a criticalneed developing in American medicalschools. The immense and increasingcosts of hospital care, especially for theextensive staffing required to record inmeticulous detail the observations ofmodern clinical investigators, haveforced the closing of clinical researchwards in some institutions, constrictedthem in still others and even preventedtheir installation in many schools. Clin­ical faculties have been conducting morebiochemical, physiologic and pharmaco­logic research on experimental animalsand relatively less on patients and hu­man volunteer subjects. Although ani­mal studies provide the vital basis formuch clinical investigation, the oppor­tunities for physicians to exercise theirunique capacities for studying physio­logic and pathologic processes in manhave been decreasing rather than ex­panding.The Clinical Research Center programwas initiated in 1960 by the then smallDivision of General Medical Sciences ofthe Public Health Service. It was feltthat the project-grant support systemhad gone about as far as it could as theprincipal or sole mechanism for support­ing and encouraging clinical investiga­tion. This new program has alreadygrown so rapidly that the annual budgetis in the neighborhood of twenty mil­lion dollars.The Public Health Service has de­fined a clinical research center as "adiscrete physical unit, or ward, in ahospital apart from general-care wards,with a stable well-trained nursing anddietary staff and appropriate supporting8 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN laboratory facilities." These laboratories,termed "core laboratories," aid thestudies of a number of investigatorsusing the Center and may take any ofseveral forms. The basic laboratory workof each clinical investigator must still befinanced by project grants from privateor public sources or from the universitymedical school itself. All patients hos­pitalized in clinical research centersmust be cared for on a free basis regard­less of their ability to pay, and onlythose who are to be carefully studied aspart of a research program may ever beadmitted to the ward.Administrative StructureThe Public Health Service also pre­scribes the administrative organizationof the centers-a program director andhis interdepartmental advisory commit­tee. In most cases staff members are ex­pected to submit a written proposal ofanticipated study to the director and hiscommittee, and, following approval ofthis plan, appropriate patients may beadmitted to the ward. However, uniqueunanticipated clinical material may beadmitted for study without prior formalapplication on the verbal approval ofthe director. A short statement of in­tent is expected to follow such admis­sions. Clearly, the Public Health Servicewishes to avoid any accusation of "so­cialized medicine" and to provide thefreedom and administrative permissive­ness necessary for carrying out success­ful research. Certainly it has permittedsufficient leeway for each of these cen­ters to be comfortably integrated in theinstitution in which it is located.The center here has already given animmense boost to research activity di­rectly concerned with patients. The Uni­versity still provides a substantialamount of money for free bed care tobe distributed at the discretion of thestaff for teaching and research purposes.However, the free bed time provided bythese funds has diminished. It shouldalso be emphasized that at the Universityof Chicago the Argonne Cancer Re­search Hospital provides generous facil­ities for clinical investigation, but thesubjects studied there are somewhat re­stricted by the terms of the contractwith the Atomic Energy Commission. Projects Under WayThe unrestricted nature of the pro­grams acceptable in the new ClinicalResearch Center has already led to thesubmission of thirty-nine projects bythe staff. Three-fourths of these havebeen activated. Among them are studieson dream analysis, the localization anddiagnosis of tumors using isotopic tech­niques, the treatment of leprosy, thetreatment of chronic fungus diseases, thetreatment of breast cancer with sexhormones, the study of hearing and ves­tibular disorders, and the treatment ofuveitis.Operation of New CenterThe "core laboratory" provides rou­tine blood and urine studies meeting thehighest standards possible with unlim­ited frequency of requests. Expensiveinstruments not normally provided inthe hospital have been secured to en­able the staff to make a number of diffi­cult physiologic measurements when in­dicated. These include an amino acidanalyzer, an 8-channel polygraph, ablood dialyzer, a positive-pressure res­pirator, and a 6-channel electroenceph­alograph.The average patient census during thepast five months has ranged from fif­teen to twenty patients per day withpeak days as high as twenty-two. Onlythe shortage of trained nurses which hasplagued the entire University Clinics aswell as much of the rest of the countryhas prevented a closer approach to ca­pacity. The Center maintains the privi­lege of refusing to admit any patientwhen another admission would so bur­den the nursing or dietary staff as tolower the standards of care provided onthe unit as a whole.U. of C. Innovators inClinical ResearchDespite this handicap, the staff is en­thusiastic about the nursing services.Here too an experiment is being con­ducted. All nursing, dietary and house­keeping activities are under the controlof the ward manager, Miss Alice Miller,who actually functions as the assistantdirector of the Center. She not only as­sists as a functioning nurse but co-ordinates the activities of all profession­al and non-professional staff working onthe floor. She and Mrs. Woodbury, thehead nurse, have developed a fine staffwith exceptionally high morale.It should be emphasized that the newClinical Research Center will not be in­troducing clinical research opportunitiesto the University of Chicago's clinicalstaff. Years before the clinical researchcenter idea was formulated by the UnitedStates Public Health Service, the Uni­versity of Chicago staff members haddiscovered the palliative influence ofcastration and estrogen administrationin prostatic cancer and the favorable in­fluence of adrenalectomy in advancedbreast cancer, had provided the firstcareful descriptions of the effect of malehormone in man, pioneered in the use ofnitrogen mustard, devised the vagotomyoperation for peptic ulcer, and first em­ployed ergonovine to control postpartumhemorrhage. These and other develop­ments from our clinical scientists haveestablished a tradition of significant ac­complishments which will be easier tocontinue as a result of the inaugurationof the new Clinical Research Center.BAKER AND DAILY SENIOR HONORS ANDAWARDSFour members of the Class of 1962were graduated with honors. They were:Joseph M. Baron, Leon R. Kass, Rob­ert O. Stagman, and Thomas A. Stock­ert.Joseph M. Baron won the BordenAward for his paper on "A Study ofUreolytic Activity in the Tissues of Con­ventional and Germ-Free Animals."Work on this study was done in the De­partment of Pharmacology. He wasgranted the M.S. degree in that depart­ment in August.James Ellis received the Sheard­Sanford Award of the American Soci­ety of Clinical Pathologists for his man­uscript on "Renal Medullary Necrosis."Robert Stagman was a warded theHarry Ginsburg Memorial Prize in phys­iology.Robert Bergman received the Amer­ican Psychiatric Association StudentThesis Award for his study of "Emo­tional Correlates in Infantile Eczema."Answers we would like tohave made:On being informed of his selection forthe Senior Class picture, Allan T. Ken­yon wrote:"It is pleasing to know that pulchri­tude can withstand what has hithertobeen considered the ravages of age."MORSE, ELLIS, LOWER, TUSEL, AND WINKLER BARONJERNOWMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 9Seventeen members of the class gradu­ated in 1912 from Rush Medical Collegejoined us for their fiftieth anniversary.Testimonials commemorating the occa­sion were presented to:Robert Booth Acker, orthopedic sur­geon of South Bend, Indiana;Aaron Arkin, Clinical Professor ofMedicine (Rush) at the University ofIllinois, one of the founders of the CookCounty Post-graduate School and a trus­tee of the Hektoen Institute;Frank K. Bartlett, retired from generalpractice in Ogden, Utah;Morris Fishbein, internationallyknown editor and for many years on thefaculties of the University of Chicagoand the University of Illinois;Thomas C. Galloway, otolaryngolo­gist of Evanston, Professor Emeritus ofNorthwestern, Chief of Staff, EvanstonHospital;John M. F. Heumann, in general prac­tice in Omaha;Claude D. Holmes, retired from sur­gical practice in Indianapolis, active inresearch in genetics in Miami;Harry G. Knapp, in active practice ofmedicine and surgery in Rifle, Colorado;Charles T. Maxwell, in general prac­tice in Sioux City, Iowa;Arthur J. McCarey, in medical prac­tice in Green Bay, Wisconsin;Josiah John Moore, an eminent Chi­cago pathologist;John Robert Newman, in genera]practice in Madison, Wisconsin;Jesse Carl Painter, medical directorof Sunny Crest Sanatorium in Dubuque.His father graduated from Rush in 1880and his son from the University of Chi­cago in 1941 ;FISTER10 ME Die A L A L U M NIB U L LET IN REUNION 1962BARCLAY, BETSY EBERT, AND BOB EBERTClaude L. Shields, surgeon of SaltLake City;Carlie Souter-Smith, ophthalmologistof Springfield, Missouri; her husband wasWallis Smith of this class-he died in1951;Irving F. Stein, senior attending ob­stetrician at Michael Reese, emeritusfaculty of Northwestern;Maude Hall Winnett, gynecologist ofChicago.Testimonials were sent to:George Abelio, Clearwater, Florida.Louis W. Allard, Billings, Montana.. Edward C. Banker, Akron, Ohio.Claude W. Carr, Riverside, California.Philip M. Dale, Los Angeles.Clifford R. Eskey, San Francisco.Arthur H. Fisher, McAllen, Texas.Arthur Goetsch, Fort Lee, New Jer-sey.William J. Kofmehl, Stambaugh,Michigan.WAKERLIN John Henry Linson, Newport Beach,California.Wilson A. Myers, Kansas City, Mis­souri.William H. Riley, Burlingame, Cali­fornia.William B. Smith, Delano, California.D.S.A.Robert H. Ebert, '42, was presentedby William R. Barclay. Dr. Ebert grad­uated from the College in 1936 and en­tered the University Medical School.Awarded a Rhodes scholarship, he inter­rupted his medical studies to attend Ox­ford's Dunn School of Pathology, wherehe worked under the great Sir HowardFlorey. After receiving his Ph.D. degreefrom Magdalen College, Oxford, he re­turned to the University of Chicago tocomplete his medical studies.His residency and internship were com­pleted at Boston City Hospital, but afterwartime service in the Navy he returnedto the University of Chicago, and rosefrom instructor to full professor of medi­cine between 1947 and 1956. A pioneerin antituberculosis chemotherapy, he alsomade basic contributions on the anti­inflammatory effects of corticosteroids,and biochemical studies of the tuberclebacillus. Dr. Barclay said in his presen­tation, "These were busy productiveyears in the laboratory and in these yearswe became close friends .... His depar­ture in 1956 to assume the chair of medi­cine at Western Reserve University wasa sad one for his many friends here ....This evening we welcome him back toreceive this award with our sincere goodwishes that his career continues as bril­liantly as it has in the past."George M. Fister, Rush 1918, was pre­sented by Charles Huggins. Dr. Fisterwas one of the chief architects of urol­ogy and of scientific medicine in theDeseret.With his friends and colleagues, Dumkeand Rich, Dr. Fister conceived the ideaof the Ogden Surgical Society which theyorganized and which meets annually inOgden. Here many of the world's out­standing surgeons lecture for three dayson their specialties. He is also thefounder of the famous urological serviceof the Thomas D. Dee Memorial Hos­pital in Ogden, and is the principal urol­ogist at St. Benedict's Hospital and theState Tuberculosis Sanatorium. In ad­dition to his large practice, he is a lec­turer in urology at the University ofUtah, and in 1950 received the AmericanUrological Society's Gold Medal for lab­oratory research. In June, Dr. Fistertook office as President of the AmericanMedical Association.Said Dr. Huggins, "Fister's life hasalways been dedicated to service-to hiscommunity, to Utah and to the Nation."Thomas F. Gallagher was presentedby Earl A. Evans, Jr.: "Dr. ThomasFrancis Gallagher was trained at Ford­ham University and Chicago, receivinghis Doctor's degree in Biochemistry herein 1931. He was a staff member of theDepartment of Biochemistry until 1949when he became a member of the Sloan­Kettering Institute and director of oneof their research units."Dr. Gallagher's scientific career beganwith a work of major magnitude-nota­bly the development of methods for thepreparation and quantitative assay of themale sex hormone that made possiblethe further exploration of the chemistryand physiology of this important groupof steroid derivatives. Dr. Gallagher'sscientific interests have continued in thearea of the endocrines-specifically, workon the purification of the posterior pitui­tary hormones; during the war importantcontributions to the synthesis of corti­sone, subsequently more than a hundredpapers concerned with the biochemistryof various steroids and related substances."Finally, may I be permitted to speakpersonally as a former colleague, in say­ing that all of us are delighted to see Dr.Gallagher here, that we are equally de­lighted to have his scientific accomplish- ments recognized and honored, and thatwe hope for him many more years ofsimilar achievement."George E. Wakerlin, Rush '28, waspresented by Wright Adams. Dr.Wakerlin holds four degrees, three fromthe University of Chicago and one fromthe University of Wisconsin, where fortwo years he was an Instructor in Phar­macology. During his long career he hasserved on the staffs of Johns HopkinsHospital and the Universities of Chicagoand Louisville.In 1937 he moved to the University ofIllinois College of Medicine as Professorand Head of the Department of Physiol­ogy. He held this post fot more thantwenty years, making substantial contri­butions to the department and the Medi­cal College. His investigative work dealtmainly with the field of hypertension.In 1958 he entered a new field of en­deavor as Medical Director of the Amer­ican Heart Association. In this post hehas helped to develop the extensive pro­gram of that society in the preventionand control of cardiovascular diseases.KEYLester R. Dragstedt, '21, was pre­sented by his old friend, Paul R. Can­non, '25:Lester Dragstedt came from westernMontana to enter the University of Chi­cago as an undergraduate. Four yearslater he became a graduate student underA. J. Carlson and Arno Luckhardt andearned the Ph.D. degree in physiology in1920. A year later came his M.D. fromRush Medical College, then service in theFirst World War, teaching assignmentsin physiology at the University of Iowaand Northwestern University, and finallyhe returned to The University of Chicagoas a member of the new Department ofSurgery. From then until he retired in John Lambert Sommer, '53, was chosenby the Senior Class to receive the covetedMcClintock Award for excellent teachingfor 1962. The award was given first in 1960to Nels Strandjord, '46, Radiology, and in1961 to John F. Mullan, Neurosurgery. Thehonor is accompanied by a gift of $500.Sommer is Assistant Professor of Urology.1959 he served, first as professor andlater as chairman of the department. Hethen accepted the post of Professor ofExperimental Surgery at the Universityof Florida. Tonight he again returns toChicago, this time to afford us the pleas­ure of presenting to him the MedicalAlumni Gold Key of 1962."Over a span of almost half a centurythe name of Lester Dragstedt has beenwell-known in the medical world. Thishis come about because a clear-minded,persistent, patient and surgically skilledinvestigator set himself the task of tryingto elucidate some of the less obviousphases of both physiology and surgery.From his first publication in 1916 deal­ing with the nature of the toxemia ofintestinal obstruction, to his most recentwritings on peptic ulcer, Dr. Dragstedthas contributed importantly and abun­dantly to many problems of gastrointes­tinal physiology and surgery ...."Tonight we honor Dr. Dragstedt as ateacher and investigator who has pro­foundly influenced the broad field ofmedical science .... We also wish to tellhim of our admiration for his unwaveringcourage in his constant forthright sup­port of principles which he considersto be right; and finally, we want to ex­press to him this token of our high es­teem, not only because of what he hasdone for the University, but also for hispart in the advancement of the scienceand art of surgery everywhere."In his address to alumni, Dr. Dragstedtspoke of early days of medicine in Chi­cago and the profound influence of Chris­tian Fenger on the Chicago school ofsurgery.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 11SOUTER-SMITH MOORE, McCAREY, AND HEUMANNACKER FISHBEINPAINTER12 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN SHIELDSHOLMES GALLOWAYKNAPPNEWMANBARTlETT, AARKIN50THANNIVERSARYMAXWELL WINNETT STEINRUSH MEDICAL COLLEGEM E Die A L A L U M NIB U L L E TI N 13THE SENIOR14 ME Die A L A L U M NIB U L LET IN ADLER, JACK JOSEPHBorn Nov. 26, 1938; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1959;Intern.: Philadelphia General H.; Internal Medicine;Married; 3750 Lake Shore Dr., Chicago 13.BAKER, WILLIAM HENRYBorn May 24, 1937; Knox College, Galesburg, Ill.,A.B., 1958; Intern.: Billings; Urology; Married; Onechild; 5830 Stony Island Ave., Chicago 37.BARON, JOSEPH MANDELBorn May 10, 1938; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1958;Intern.: Billings; Internal Medicine; Unmarried;A.O.A.; 6239 N. Troy St., Chicago 45.BERGMAN, ROBERT L.Born June 19, 1938; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1958;Intern.: Cincinnati General H.; Psychiatry; Married;1617 E. 50th Place, Chicago 15.BOSTROM, JOHN ANDREWBorn Nov. 15, 1935; Rutgers U., B.A., 1957; In­tern.: Illinois Research & Educational H.; Psychiatry;Unmarried; 8 Ekstrom St., Dover, N.J.BRODER, DONALD S.Born Sept. 9, 1937; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1958; In­tern.: Michael Reese H.; Specialty undetermined;Married; 3043 Chase, Chicago 45.BURNETT, BRADFORD BRIANBorn Jan. 11, 1938; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1958; In­tern.: Stanford University H.; Urology; Unmarried;3001 Lowell, Chicago.BYSTOL, NORMAN EVERETTBorn April 21, 1936; St. Olaf College, Northfield,Minn., B.A., 1958; Intern.: Blodgett Memorial H.;Specialty undetermined; Married; One child; Red­field, S.D.CALLAGHAN, ROBERT S.Born Jan. 15, 1934; U. of Notre Dame; Intern.:Presbyterian-St. Luke's H.; Surgery; Married; 724Illinois St., Geneva, Ill.CARLSON, JOAN EMMABorn Mar. 1, 1936; Western Reserve University,B.A., 1958; Intern.: Cleveland Clinics; Obstetrics &Gynecology; Unmarried; Berkshire Rd., Gates Mills,Ohio.CARY, ROBERT F., JR.Born Dec. 8, 1934; U. of Georgia, Mercer U.; In­tern.: Maricopa County General H., Phoenix, Ariz.;Psychiatry; Unmarried; 2942 Vine ville Ave., Macon,Ga.COLDIRON, JOHN STEPHENBorn Sept. 30, 1937; Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio,A.B., 1958; Intern.: Robert Packer Memorial H.,Sayre, Pa.; Specialty undetermined; Married; R.D.1, Cortland, Ohio.COLLINS, RUTH MARIEBorn Aug. 12, 1936; Stanford U., B.A., 1958; In­tern.: Billings; Medicine; Unmarried; A.O.A.; 750Gonzalez, Apt. 10-C, San Francisco, Calif.COVELL, JAMES WACHOBBorn Aug. 13, 1936; Carleton College, Northfield,Minn., B.A., 1958; Intern.: Billings; Thoracic Sur­gery; Unmarried; 410 N. Newstead, St. Louis 8, Mo.CROWELL, EDWARD, JR.Born April 16, 1937; Mass. Inst. of Tech., B.S.,1958; Intern.: Billings; Internal Medicine; Unmar­ried; 7237 S. Phillips, Chicago 49.CLASS OF 1962DAILY, PAT OSBORNBorn Jan. 1, 1937; U. of Oklahoma, B.S., 1958;Intern.: Billings; Surgery; Married; Box 667, Bixby,Okla.DAVIDSON, PAUL TITUSBorn Aug. 26, 1936; Nebraska Wesleyan U., B.A.,1958; Intern.: U. of Iowa H.; Specialty undeter­mined; Married; 2702 N. 49th, Lincoln 4, Nebr.DE VRIES, DANIEL A.Born Aug. 26, 1936; Calvin College, Grand Rapids,Mich., A.B., 1958; Intern.: Blodgett Memorial H.;Urology; Married; One child; 2500 Cascade Rd., S.E.,Grand Rapids, Mich.ECKERLY, JEAN RUTHBorn June 25, 1937; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1958; In­tern.: Minneapolis General H.; Medicine; Unmar­ried; 704 N. 6th St., Brainerd, Minn.ELLIS, JAMES EDWARDBorn Aug. 8, 1936; Earlham College, Richmond,Ind., B.A. 1958; Intern.: Billings; Urology; Unmar­ried; 303 N. 13 th St., Richmond, Ind.FRIEDMAN, RICHARDBorn Dec. 24, 1937; U. of California at Los Ange­les, A.B., 1958; Intern.: U. of California H. at LosAngeles; Neurosurgery; Unmarried; A.O.A., 4424Murietta Ave., Sherman Oaks, Calif.GALLAGHER, THOMAS FRANCIS, JR.Born Feb. 6, 1932; U. of Chicago, A.B., 1950; In­tern.: Billings; Internal Medicine; Unmarried; 136E. 64th St., New York 21, N.Y.GARDNER, RUSSELL ROBERT, JR.Born March 19, 1938; Wisconsin State College; In­tern.: Henry Ford H., Detroit, Mich.; Psychiatry;Married; One child; R.R. 1, Granton, Wise.GOLDBERG, MARK A.Born Sept. 4, 1934; Columbia U., S.B., 1955; U. ofChicago, Ph.D., 1959; Intern.: Bronx Muncipal H.;Pharmacology; Unmarried; A.O.A.; 251 W. 98th St.,New York 25, N.Y.GOLDMAN, DAVIDBorn Nov. 17,1936; New York U., B.A., 1958; In­tern.: Billings; Internal Medicine; Unmarried; 235Harrison Ave., Jersey City, N.J.GREEN, DAVID LEEBorn April 22, 1937; Duke U.; Intern.: New Eng­land Medical Center, Boston; Pediatrics-AdolescentMedicine; Unmarried; 206 Joseph St., South Charles­ton, W. Va.HARMON, ROGER N.Born March 29, 1937; Michigan State U.; Intern.:Bobs Roberts H.; Pediatrics; Married; One child;332 W. Mason, Jackson, Mich.HENDERSON, BRIAN EDMONDBorn June 27, 1937; U. of California at Berkeley,A.B., 1958; Intern.: Mass. General H.; Tropical Med­icine, Public Health; Married; One child; A.O.A.;1275 Montrose Dr., San Leandro, Calif.HORWITZ, DAVID ALLENBorn March 23, 1937; U. of Michigan, B.A., 1961 jIntern.: Michael Reese H.; Internal Medicine; Un­married; 357 Marshman, Highland Park, III.HYMAN, PAUL RUBINBorn Feb. 5, 1934; Western Reserve U., A.B., 1956;Intern.: Robert Packer H., Sayre, Pa.; Specialty un­determined; Married; 14539 Cedar Rd., South Euclid,Ohio.ME 0 I CAL A L U M NIB U LL E TIN 15THE SENIOR16 ME 0 I CAL A L U M NIB U L LET IN JERNOW, HERBERT I.Born July 22, 1938; Queens College, B.S., 1958; In­tern.: District of Columbia H.; Medicine; Unmar­ried; 73-38 181 St., Flushing 66, N.Y.JOHNSON, DANIEL THEODOREBorn Dec. 11, 1932; U. of Chicago, A.B., 1954;S.B., 1956; Intern.: U. of Iowa H.; Internal Medi­cine; Married; Two children.KAPLAN, KENNETH LAWRENCEBorn July 28, 1937; U. of Chicago, B.A., 1957;B.S., 1958; Intern.: Michael Reese H.; Psychiatry;Unmarried; 7343 S. Clyde Ave., Chicago 49.KASS, LEON RICHARDBorn Feb. 12, 1939; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1958; In­tern.: Beth Israel H., Boston; Neurology; Married;A.O.A.; 7700 South Shore Dr., Chicago.KA TfLOVE, HERMAN E.Born Oct. 20, 1937; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1958; In­tern. : Billings; Internal Medicine-Cardiology ; Mar­ried; 6136 N. Monticello, Chicago 45.KATZ, JULIAN ALANBorn April 3, 1937; Columbia U., A.B., 1958; In­tern.: Billings; Internal Medicine; Unmarried; 4Thorne St., Jersey City 7, N.J.KOLB, LOUIS WAYNEBorn Oct. 4, 1937; U. of Michigan; Intern.: Bil­lings; Specialty undetermined; Unmarried; 229 Sheri­dan Rd., Highland Park, Ill.LENNERTZ, JAMES ALLENBorn Feb. 25, 1932; Beloit College, B.S., 1958; In­tern.: Los Angeles County H.; General Practice orObstetrics & Gynecology; Married; Two children;8510 E. Fontana St., Downey, Calif.LESSIN, LAWRENCE STEPHENBorn Oct. 14, 1937; U. of Michigan; Intern.: U.of Pa. H.; Medicine-Endocrinology; Married; A.O.A.;1655 N. Portal Dr., N.W., Washington 12, D.C.LINDBLADE, JAMES ALFREDBorn June 1, 1936; North Park College, A.A., 1956;Augustana College, Rock Island, Ill., B.A., 1958; In­tern.: Rockford Memorial H.; Specialty undeter­mined; Unmarried; 511 Calvin Pk. Blvd., Rockford,Ill.LOWER, GARY DEANBorn Feb. 17, 1936; Hanover College, Hanover,Ind., A.B., 1958; Intern.: U. of Utah H.; Surgery;Married; 524 W. La Salle, Mishawaka, Ind.LYON, LEONARD JAMESBorn June 17, 1938; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1958; In­tern.: Billings; Medicine or Neurology; Married;A.O.A.; 19 Groton St., Forest Hills 75, N.Y.MACON, EDWIN J.Born Dec. 4, 1935; Haverford College, A.B., 1958;Intern.: Barnes H., Washington U:; Internal Medi­cine; Unmarried; 3425 Timberlake, Knoxville, Tenn.McCLEERY, JACK LEEBorn Jan. 11, 1937; Hastings College, Hastings,Nebr., B.A., 1959; Intern.: King County H., Seattle;Internal Medicine; 739 Hewett, Hastings, Nebr.McGRATH, JOHN J.Born Oct. 8,1935; Fordham U., A.B., 1955; In­tern.: Walter Reed H.; Psychiatry; Married; Onechild; 660 Park Ave., New York City, N.Y.CLASS OF 1962MEGILL, DONALD M.Born Feb. 1, 1934; U. of Kansas, A.B., 1958; In­tern.: Fitzsimmons General H., Denver; GeneralPractice; Married; Vassar, Kansas.MICHEL, STEPHEN LEWISBorn Aug. 16, 1938; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1958; In­tern.: U. of California H. at Los Angeles; Surgery;Unmarried; 5454 S. Shore Dr., Chicago 15.MISHKIN, FRED SEYMOREBorn Dec. 6, 1937; Harvard College; Intern.: In­diana U. Medical Center; Psychiatry; Unmarried;A.O.A.; 1809 Rainbow Bend, Elkhart, Ind.MOLINE, RONALD ALFREDBorn March 6, 1937; Knox College, Galesburg, Ill.,B.A., 1958; Intern.: Cincinnati General H.; Psychi­atry; Unmarried; 2325 Auburn St., Rockford, Ill.NOREHAD, ERNEST A.Born Oct. 31, 1935; Kenyon College, Gambier,Ohio, A.B., 1957; Intern.: New York H.; Surgery;Unmarried; 321 Ashland Ave., Evanston, Ill.PEDERSEN, ARTHUR THOMASBorn Jan. 26, 1937; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1958; In­tern.: U. of Michigan H.; Internal Medicine; Mar­ried; 4828 W. Hutchinson St., Chicago 41.QUANBECK, DAVID T.Born Oct. 26, 1936; Waldorf Junior College, A.A.,1956; Augustana College, Sioux Falls, S.D., A.B.,1958; Intern.: Minneapolis General H.; Urology;Unmarried; 2332 Crestwood Road, Sioux Falls, S.D.RA TKOVITS, BELABorn July 1, 1931; U. of Budapest; U. of Chicago;Intern.: Blodgett, Memorial H.; Pediatrics; Married.REINERTSEN, RAOUL EVANBorn March 20, 1936; Augustana College, Rock Is­land, IlL, A.B., 1958; Intern.: Cook County H.; Gen­eral Practice or Obstetrics & Gynecology; Married;Two children; 325 West Locust St., Canton, Ill.RIDLEY, ROBERT WENDELLBorn May 18, 1928; Los Angeles College of Op­tometry, O.D., 1952; Los Angeles State College, A.B.,1958; Intern.: State U. of Iowa H.; Ophthalmology;Married; Three children; 315 S. Baldwin, Arcadia,Calif.RODGERS, RICHARD EUGENEBorn Aug. 12, 1936; Illinois College, A.B., 1958;Intern.: Milwaukee County H.; General Surgery;Married; 610 S. Kosciusko, Jacksonville, Ill.ROGERS, BERTRAM H. G.Born July 12, 1935; Olivet Nazarene College, Kan­kakee, 111., A.B., 1958; Intern.: Illinois Research &Educational H.; Specialty undetermined; Married;Rt. #2, Fulton, Ill.ROSSITER, LYLE HAROLDBorn May 4, 1937; Beloit College, B.A., 1958; In­tern.: Billings; Psychiatry; Married; 290 CottageAve., Glen Ellyn, Ill.SABINA, ROBERT EUGENEBorn June 3, 1934; Johns Hopkins U., A.B., 1956;Intern.: Presbyterian-St. Luke's H.; Medicine-Bio­chemistry; Married; 425 N. Lafayette Ave., Griffith,Ind.SHEININ, JAMES CHARLESBorn Dec. 21, 1936; Amherst College, A.B., 1958;Intern.: Michael Reese H.; Internal Medicine; Mar­ried; One child; 3750 N. Lake Shore Dr., Chicago.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 17THE SENIOR CLASS OF 196218 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN SIMON, JERALD IRABorn June 15, 1937; Western Reserve U., B.A.,1959; Intern.: Mt. Sinai H. of Cleveland; Psychiatry;Unmarried; 3535 Severn Rd., Cleveland Heights 18,Ohio.SONNENBURG, ROBERT ERICBorn Sept. 6, 1937; U. of California at Los Angeles;Intern.: U.S. Naval H., St. Albans, N.Y.; Urology;Married; One child; 4367 Adams Ave., San Diego 16,Calif.STAGMAN, ROBERT G.Born March 23, 1940; U. of Chicago; U. of Illi­nois; Intern.: Billings; Specialty undetermined; U n­married; A.O.A.; 513 Wellington, Chicago 14.STETTBACHER, LYNNE LEEBorn Dec. 26, 1936; North Central College, Naper­ville, Ill., B.A., 1958; Intern.: Presbyterian-St. Luke'sH.; Internal Medicine; Unmarried; Culver, Ind.STOCKERT, THOMAS ALBERTBorn Aug. 25, 1936; Knox College, Galesburg, Ill.,B.A., 1958; Intern.: Billings; Internal Medicine; Un­married; A.O.A.; 215 N. Plum St., Havana, Ill.SWITZ, DONALDBorn March 2, 1937; Carleton College, Northfield,Minn., B.A., 1958; Intern.: Billings; Internal Medi­cine; Unmarried; 10357 S. Hoyne, Chicago 43.TALLEY, ROBERT C.Born May 26, 1936; U. of Michigan, B.S., 1958;Intern.: Yale U. H.; Medicine; Married; One child;A.O.A.; 139 East Ave., Park Ridge, Ill.TSOULOS, DEMETRIOS GEORGEBorn Dec 24, 1937; U. of Chicago, B.S., 1958; In­tern.: Billings; General Surgery; Unmarried; 6128N. Kilpatrick Ave., Chicago 46.TUSEL, DONALD J.Born March 23, 1936; Harvard U., A.B., 1958; In­tern.: Walter Reed General H.; Psychiatry; Unmar­ried; 813 Wellman St., Bedford, Ohio.W AGONFELD, SAMUELBorn June 16, 1931; Cornell U., B.A., 1953; In­tern.: Colorado General H., Denver; Child Psychia­try; Unmarried; 1500 Grand Concourse, Bronx 57,N.Y.SENIOR SESSIONSCIENTIFICA Study of Ureolytic Activity inthe Tissues of Conventionaland Germ-Free AnimalsBy JOSEPH M. BARONP harmacolo gyA recent report of intracellular ureasepresent in the gastric mucosa of theconventional adult mouse provides newevidence for the existence of endoge­nous mammalian ureolytic activity. Ear­lier studies to the contrary include thedemonstration of a complete loss ofurease activity detectable by direct en­zyme analysis of gastrointestinal con­tents or by in vivo C14-urea breakdownfollowing administration of high dosesof antibacterial agents to conventionalanimals. In addition, it has been re­ported that C14-urea breakdown in germ­free animals does not occur at ratesconforming to enzymatic hydrolysis.In this present study, germ-free andconventional mammals of the same spe­cies have been compared with referenceto (1) tissue urease activity as assayedby a sensitive microdiffusion techniqueusing C14-urea as substrate, (2) serumanti-urease titer as measured by hemag­glutination of jackbean-urease sensitizederythrocytes, and (3) tissue reactivitywith anti-jackbean urease using an in­direct fluorescein antibody system.Smaller but significant amounts ofureolytic activity were present in thegastrointestinal tract and mammary tis­sues of germ-free rats and stomachs ofgerm-free mice in comparison with con­ventionals. Sera and erythrocytes ofboth conventional and germ-free ratswere devoid of ureolytic activity or sig­nificant anti-urease titers. Fluoresceinantibody studies were inconclusive withregard to specific staining in either con­ventional or germ-free tissues, althoughresults suggested that known urease­positive bacteria stain specifically.The studies with germ-free tissuesprovide strong evidence for the existenceof mammalian ureolytic activity, con­firming at the same time the quantita­tive importance of bacterial ureolyticactivity in conventional animals. Thesuggested cross reaction of anti-jack­bean urease with urease-containing bac­teria lends support to the thesis that thereduction of blood ammonia observedfollowing immunization of experimentalanimals and of patients in hepatic fail­ure with crystalline jackbean urease de- pends upon a suppression of bacterialureolytic activity in the gastrointestinaltract.The Natural History of Infan­tile Eczema: A Follow-upStudyBy ROBERT BERGMANPsychiatryThe patient's personality and his emo­tional environment have for many yearsbeen considered significant in the natu­ral history of infantile eczema. Thatpersonality and behavior disturbancesare common among patients with infan­tile eczema or atopic eczema in generalis noted in most papers on these condi­tions, and many investigators have im­plicated maternal rejection as the spe­cific etiological emotional problem.Comprehensive studies of the naturalhistory of the disease are rare, how­ever, and the follow-up studies thathave been reported are concerned morewith the persistence of the eczema andthe appearance of other atopic condi­tions than with psychological factors.We, therefore, located and intervieweda group of patients who had been diag­nosed as infantile eczema a number ofyears earlier.Twenty-seven essentially unselectedadolescents with histories of eczema ininfancy were interviewed and given apsychological test, the Minnesota Multi­phasic Personality Inventory. Fourteencontinued to suffer from eczema. Eight­een suffered from severe emotional dis­turbances: these were three overt schiz­ophrenic reactions, three schizoid orparanoid personalities, two obsessive­compulsives, one sociopath, and ninepassive-aggressive personalities. Elevenof the eighteen emotionally disturbedsubjects, including seven of the eightwith the most severe reactions, contin­ued to suffer from eczema; three of thenine without emotional disturbances stillhad eczema.Sixteen of the patients' mothers wereeither overtly rejecting or overprotec­tive. All but three (of these women)were mothers of subjects in the groupwith emotional disturbances. Among thesubjects, presence of passivity, exhibi­tionism, and abnormal skin cathexis wasfrequently found.Exacerbations of eczema were oftenassociated with threats to patients' de- pendent relationships. In these cases,exacerbations regularly occurred whenthe subjects rebelled against parents oragainst school authorities or when theyleft home, usually for college. The cru­cial factor appeared to be the loss orthreat of loss of the relationship withthe parent because of separation or con­flict.Factors Determining PolyomaTumors in RatsBy E. B. CROWELL, JR.PathologyThese experiments were undertakento study some of the factors which de­termine the tumor response of rats tothe polyoma virus. Distribution, fre­quency and induction time of polyomatumors were determined in inbred Lew­is and August rats. The following varia­bles were used to modify the tumor re­sponse: potency of virus inoculum, ageof the rat at the time of injection androute of inoculation. The tumor-sus­ceptible period of rats extended frombirth to ten days post partum. There­after, high doses of polyoma virus elic­ited a remarkable antibody response butno neoplasms. A comparison of the in­travenous, intraperitoneal and subcuta­neous routes of virus injections showedthat the induction time, frequency, dis­tribution and histological patterns ofpolyoma tumors were dependent uponthe inoculation route. For example, in­travenously injected virus resulted indeath within three to four weeks. Thesurvival time after subcutaneous virus­inoculation was prolonged to eight orten weeks. The peculiar susceptibility ofneonatal rats to polyoma virus was fur­ther explored. Embryonal rat kidneyswere transplanted into isologous adultrats which were injected intravenouslywith polyoma virus two or three daysafter the embryonal kidneys weregrafted. Typical renal sarcomas devel­oped in the embryonal transplant whilethe adult host responded to the virus byformation of antibodies alone.The Mechanism of PulmonaryHypertension Following Mil­iary Pulmonary EmbolismBy PAT O. DAILYSurgeryReflex vasoconstriction if proved toplay a role in pulmonary embolismMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 19would have important therapeutic im­plications. A series of experiments wasperformed with a perfused-wedge tech­nique in an attempt to find some evi­dence for or against reflex vasoconstric­tion following miliary pulmonary embo­lism.Mongrel dogs were premedicated withmorphine and anesthetized with chloral­ose. After thoracotomy the animalswere maintained on positive pressurerespiration. Following heparinization acardiac catheter was placed in wedgeposition through the right middle lobeartery into the right lower lobe. Thiscatheter was perfused with the dogs'own heparinized venous blood at con­stant volume. Wedge perfusion, pul­monary artery, left atrial and systemicpressures as well as the EKG were re-. corded. Two gram doses of 42 micraglass beads were infused with salinethrough the right external jugular vein.In another series of animals the sympa­thetic chains were sectioned at T 1- T2and the distal portion stimulated withpulses of 10-20 volts at 40/sec of 1millisec. duration.In all 27 embolizations the wedge per­fusion pressure remained constant whilethe pulmonary artery pressure increased.In sympathetic stimulations both wedgeperfusion and pulmonary artery pres­sures increased in 46, decreased in 2,and did not change in 29. Left atrialpressure remained constant. These re­sults suggest that reflex vasoconstric­tion plays little if any role in causingthe pulmonary hypertension observedafter miliary embolization. Mechanicalobstruction accounts for most of thehypertension but local or humoral fac­tors cannot be ruled out.Renal Medullary NecrosisBy JAMES ELLISPathologyRenal medullary necrosis produced inthe rat by partial renal vein occlusionprovids an experimental approach forthe study of several important prob­lems. Since these changes involve anarea that has not been critically evalu­ated by morphologists, new correlationsmay be made between the alterations ofform and function. In addition, a meth­od is suggested for the production ofthe nephrotic syndrome without glomer­ular damage. Finally, an experimentalprocedure is provided for the study ofcytoplasmic inclusions as a manifesta­tion of tubular cell degenerative change.Partial renal vein occlusion was pro-20 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN duced in 50 rats, and 40 showed medul­lary necrosis. The localization of thisischemic necrosis may be explained bythe unique pattern of circulation in thisarea. While normally only a few percent of the total renal blood flow goes tothe medulla, a further decrease may bereadily produced by venous occlusion.The rete mirabile has easily distendedefferent vessels branching directly fromthe renal vein and these cuff the afferentbranches. Stasis in these vessels is seennear the areas of necrosis.The glomeruli retained a normal ap­pearance. However, in a small numberof rats, partial renal vein occlusion withsubsequent contralateral nephrectomyproduced a severe proteinuria. The oc­currence of this proteinuria with normalglomerular structure appears contrary toreports in the recent literature .The tubules showed a wide variety ofretrogressive changes. One of the mostinteresting ultrastructural cytoplasmicalterations was the occurrence of drop­lets and unidentified membranes. Thesestructures not previously described areinterpreted as sequestered componentsset aside for hydrolysis. These dropletsappear with the early degenerativechanges in tubular cells and increase innumber with the progression of theischemic change. They do not appearrelated to the protein resorption drop­lets that have been extensively studied.The simplicity of this experimentalprocedure and the new observations ofultrastructural changes that have beenmade would favor an extension of thisline of investigation. Significant morpho­logic observations give promise ofmeaningful correlation with functionalchanges related to the renal medulla.An Attempt to QuantitateAging Changes in X-irra­diated RatsBy RUSSELL GARDNERPathologyIrradiated animals exhibit life short­ening separate from the acute effects ofirradiation. Whether this effect corre­lates with acceleration of known ana­tomic and biochemical aging changeshas not been definitely determined sincemost investigators have used mortalitycurves as the sole criterion of aging. Inthe mouse and rat several histologic andbiochemical findings in tissues have beenshown to alter with age. These includedecreased cardiac mast-cells, increasedpancreatic islets, decreased large spinal­cord nerve-cells, increased interfiber muscle-water, and altered mucopolysac­charide composition in skin. In thisstudy we have tried to quantitate someof these changes in irradiated and con­trol rats.Beginning at four months of age,groups of twenty male Sprague-Dawleyrats were subjected to 1000 roentgensof partial and whole-body x-irradiationin weekly 100-roentgen doses. The ani­mals were sacrificed at nine months.Determinations completed thus farinclude estimation of interfiber thigh­muscle water and enumeratio-n of car­diac mast-cells.Interfiber water: A hydrolysate ofoven dried, fat-free muscle was analyzedusing the Aminico-Cotlove chloride ti­trator. Estimation was based on Con­way's formula for chloride space. Theinterfiber water of irradiated muscle(693 ± 48 gm/kg dried muscle) wascomparable to that of non-irradiatedmuscle (668 ± 39 gin/kg).Mast cells: Hearts were fixed in al­coholic formalin and sectioned in thegreatest diameter. Sections were stainedby the J enner-Giemsa method, and allmast cells were counted in one cross­section. Irradiated hearts contained 46± 15 mast cells per section while non­irradiated hearts contained 123 ± 3.The Stimulation of the ImmuneResponse in Adult Mice bythe Administration ofThymidineBy JULIAN KATZMedicineExogenous thymidine exerts a stimu­latory effect upon cell division in rapid­ly reproducing populations of cells inmice. Probably a rate limiting step incell reproduction is by-passed by theadministration of thymidine in vivo.According to the clonal selection theoryof immunity, the "cells" involved in an­tibody synthesis are among the mostrapidly reproducing cells in the organ­ism. It seemed reasonable to proposethat the stimulus to cell proliferation of­fered by the administration of thymidinewould result in increased specific anti­body titers.The experimental animals chosen forthe project are adult mice of two inbredstrains which stand at opposite ends ofthe immune response to sheep red cells;C3H has low titers of naturally occur­ring hemoantibodies while C57 has hightiters. During a course of immunizationwith sheep red cells the experimentalanimals of each strain received injec-tions of thymidine while the controlswere injected with saline. The sera werethen collected and the hemolysin andagglutinin titers were quantitated. It ap­pears that increases in immune hemo­antibodies of C3H mice for sheep eryth­rocytes can be achieved by the adminis­tration of thymidine; no such effect wasdemonstrated on the naturally highertiters in the C57 strain.Technical Considerations in theUse of Screening Tests forthe Detection of UrinaryUroporphyrinBy LEONARD LYONDermatologyElevation of urinary uroporphyrinoccurs regularly in the porphyrias andvery uncommonly in other conditions.The presence of interfering substancesin urine necessitates purification andconcentration of uroporphyrin for qual­itative demonstration at lower but clini­cally significant levels.The properties of fluorescence underultraviolet light and adsorption to thesurfaces of certain inert materials char­acterize all the porphyrins. The por­phyrins differ by their solubilities in or­ganic reagents.A new procedure based on the adsorp­tion of uroporphyrin to talc and its in­solubility in ether is a rapid and highlysensitive screening technique for uri­nary uroporphyrin. The new methodand two others now in use were appliedto 25 urines containing uroporphyrin atthree to ten times the normal value.The new method was the most sensitive.Application of the test to random hos­pital urines shows that false positive re­actions are uncommon (6/75). Theurines from ten patients with porphyriaof various kinds, and 74 of 75 urinescontaining uroporphyrin at levels of 100meg/liter or less all gave positive tests.A negative reaction, therefore, is of con­siderable significance in excluding a di­agnosis of porphyria.Evaluation of Serial Assays ofSerum LDH and GOT Activ­ity as a Parameter for theDiagnosis of Acute My­ocardial InfarctionBy JAMES C. SHEININCardiologyAlteration of the activity of certainenzymes in the serum has been foundto be a useful parameter for the diag­nosis of acute myocardial infarction. This study was undertaken to evaluatethe usefulness of serial colorimetric as­says of the activity of serum lactic de­hydrogenase (LDH) and glutamic-ox­aloacetic transaminase (GOT) as a pa­rameter for the diagnosis of acute myo­cardial infarction.Normal levels of serum LDH andGOT activity were established. Of thepatients selected for study by the hos­pital staff who had three or more serialdeterminations of serum enzyme activ­ity and/or underwent post-mortem ex­amination, approximately 90 per centcould be separated into two groups:Group I-patients with unequivocalclinical or autopsy evidence of infarc­tion; Group II-patients with sus­pected infarction with little or no clin­ical or autopsy evidence of infarction.All patients in Group I exhibited serialalterations of serum enzyme activity un­less the assays were too far removedfrom the time of the insult. All patientsin Group II failed to exhibit serial al­terations of serum enzyme activity.Furthermore, serial alterations of ser­um LDH and GOT activity were foundto correlate more closely with unequiv­ocal positive or negative diagnoses ofinfarction than most clinical or labora­tory parameters. Assay of the activityof both serum LDH and GOT has beenuseful in the differential diagnosis ofmyocardial infarction and in the pres­ence of superimposed hepatic or muscledisease. It is concluded that serial col­orimetric assays of the activity of serumLDH and GOT provide an extremelyuseful parameter for the diagnosis ofacute myocardial infarction.The Development of ObjectivePredictors of Recoveryin HemiplegicPatientsBy JERALD I. SIMONMedicineHemiplegia is a condition in whichthere is weakness or paralysis of the armand leg on the same side of the body.This is most commonly caused by dam­age to the cortical spinal tract due tocerebral hemorrhage, thrombosis, or em­bolism. Predictions as to whether thehemiplegic patient will recover are fre­quently made on a SUbjective basis andthe validity of such predictions dependslargely on the experience of the clini­cian who makes the prognosis. A meth­od which may help to develop objectivepredictors of recovery resulted from astudy of two groups of 40 hemiplegic patients. It was found that hemiplegicpatients who fail to recover (a) tend tobe older, (b) tend to enter physicaltherapy later, and (c) tend to havehigher systolic blood pressure than pa­tients who recover. Failure to recoverwas indicated if a patient remainedwheelchair-bound in spite of physicaltherapy, while recovery was defined asa progression from a wheelchair-boundstatus at the beginning of physical ther­apy to an ambulatory and fully inde­pendent status at its conclusion. Meas­ures of the three factors which differ­entiated the patients who failed fromthose who recovered, were used as pre­dictors of recovery. A composite scorebased upon all three factors was foundto predict recovery better than scoresbased upon one or two factors only. Anobjective predictor of recovery wouldbe useful not only in arriving at a moreaccurate prognosis, but also in determin­ing which patients might most benefitfrom existing physical-therapy facilities.The Effect of Hydrocortisoneon the Experimental Sili­cotic NoduleBy ROBERT TALLEYMedicineThe effect of hydrocortisone on theprogression and the maturation of theexperimental silicotic nodule was stud­ied in four groups of Swiss strain, fe­male mice. All animals received 7.5 mg.of 1-2 micron quartz intravenously,One group was not treated while thethree remaining groups were given 2.5mg. per day of hydrocortisone subcu­taneously. Some animals were treatedfrom day 1 to day 250, others from day1 to day 150, and the remainder fromday 95 to day 200. Sections from thelivers of mice from each group weretaken on days 30, 95, 150, 200, and 250.The sections were then randomized andgraded quantitatively for the amount offibrosis and qualitatively for histologi­cal appearance.Treatment with hydrocortisone slowedthe progression of the lesions. The treat­ment did not, however, cause regressionor actually stop the growth of the ex­perimental nodules. It also appearedthat when' the treatment was discon­tinued, the lesions showed accelerationin their rate of progression, returningalmost to the level of the controls within50 days after discontinuing therapy.Hydrocortisone treatment also had aqualitative effect on the maturation ofthe silicotic nodules, although this ef-M E 0 I CAL A L U M NIB U L LET I N 21feet was not noted until the lesions hadprogressed for 150 days. After 150 daysthe treated nodules appeared to remainin a state of acute inflammation, withloose haphazard patterns of reticulinand collagen. These nodules containedmuch dark staining debris and manycells, including polymorphonuclear leu­kocytes and eosinophiles. Beyond 150days, the control nodules, on the otherhand, consisted of compact swirls ofreticulin and collagen with only a fewmononuclear cells or fibroblasts.DEATHS'97. Henry Klein, Chicago, May 11, age- 87. .'01. James H. Biggar, San Antonio,Texas, November 16, 1961, age 82.Edwin N. Nash, Galesburg, Ill., Novem­ber 20, 1961, age 85.Hyman L. Weber, Orlando, Fla., Febru­ary 10, age 89.'02. Robert P. Pearsall, Virginia, Minn.,February 10, age 85.'07. Roscoe Whitman, Morris, Ill., Oc­tober 17, 1961, age 80.'08. George S. Barber, Lawton, Okla.,March 31, age 78.'09. Charles T. Bell, Maryville, Mo.,August 27, 1961, age 87.Arthur J. Lewis, Henning, Minn., May3, age 79.John J. Sprafka, Oak Park, Ill., August1, age 75.'13. Clyde R. Brooks, Tuscaloosa, Ala.,January 8, age 80.Edward Buckman, Chicago, June 29,age 73.'14. William M. Hanchett, CouncilBluffs, Iowa, March 11, age 80.Warren Thompson, Omaha, Neb., July7, age 74.'17. George A. Gray, San Jose, Calif.,June 6, age 70.'18. Hayden E. E. Barnard, Hinsdale, Ill.,March 28, age 65.'20. Adam R. Blakey, Alexandria, Minn.,December 30, 1961, age 79.'25. Frank Guido, Visalia, Calif., Octo­ber -IS, 1961, age 60.'29. Kenneth P. Evans, Sylacauga, Ala.,January 12, age 58.'30. Philip L. Peterson, Seattle, Wash.,April 10, age 59.'31. Clarence K. Elliott, Lincoln, Neb.,March 19, age 57.'32. Alven M. Wei!, Akron, Ohio, Janu­ary 21, age 55.33. Harold D. Bockoven, Dayton, Ohio,January 16, age 53.'35. Solomon Goldsmith, Los Angeles,Calif., February 14, age 52.'43. Dean C. Tasher, Redlands, Calif.,May 21, age 43.FACULTYEmrich E. Elliott, Asst. Proi., Zoller Den­tal Clinic, July 18, age 41.Margaret Tingle, Intern, Resident '36-'38, Junction City, Ore., September 5, 1961,age 53.22 M E Die A L A L U M NIB U L LET I N GRADUATE NEWS'31. William B. Steen is president-electof the Arizona Medical Association. He ismedical director of the National Foundationfor Asthmatic Children, the Elks State Hos­pital, and the Oshrin Hospital in Tucson.'32. George W. Stuppy was awarded adistinguished service medallion by Presby­terian-St. Luke's Hospital at their annualdinner. He has been a member of the Pres­byterian medical staff since 1935 and hasserved as president and secretary. In 1959he became president of the combined medi­cal staffs of Presbyterian-St. Luke's.'34. Andrew Brislen, cardiologist and co­chairman of the Department of Medicineat Woodlawn Hospital, has been appointedchairman of the Department of InternalMedicine at South Chicago CommunityHospital.William B. Tucker has been made di­rector-at-large on the National Tubercu­losis Association's Board of Directors. Heis director of medical service for the Vet­erans Administration in Washington, D.C.'35. William Beswick visited The Clinicswhen he was here for the spring meetings ofthe Harvey Cushing Society. He is clinicalassociate professor of neurological surgeryat the University of Buffalo and chairmanof the department at the Millard FillmoreHospital.'37. Clayton G. Loosli, Dean of the Uni­versity of California School of Medicine, hasbeen appointed to the National AdvisoryCouncil for Allergy and Infectious Diseases.He is also a consultant on air pollution forthe Department of Public Health of theState of California.'38. Oscar Bodansky received one of thefirst Alfred P. Sloan Awards in Cancer Re­search, given "in recognition of the valueof the long service and important contri­butions of Dr. Bodansky to medicine andmedical science and to provide him withthe opportunity and the time to continuewith freedom and leisure those studies whichmost interest him." The award of $10,000was made in New York City where Dr.Bodansky is chairman of the Departmentof Biochemistry of the Memorial Hospitalfor Cancer and Allied Diseases, Memberof the Sloan-Kettering Institute for CancerResearch, and Professor of Biochemistry atCornell University Medical College.Robert L. Schmitz has been elected presi­dent of the staff of Mercy Hospital in Chi­cago. He is clinical associate professor ofsurgery at the Stritch School of Medicine.'41. William Lester has been appointedDirector of Medical Services of the NationalJewish Hospital of Denver and a memberof the faculty of the University of Colorado.He leaves the Suburban Cook County Tu­berculosis Hospital-Sanitarium where he hasbeen chief of staff since 1955.Blake S. Talbot, Capt MC USN, retiredfrom the Navy this summer and enteredthe private practice of urology in San Diego.'48. Paul S. Russell has been appointedsurgeon-in-chief at Massachusetts GeneralHospital and John Homans Professor ofSurgery at Harvard Medical School, suc­ceeding Dr. Edward D. Churchill, underwhom he did much of his postgraduatework. He began his research studies under Charles Huggins as a medical student. Hehas specialized in studies of immunity andits role in organ transplants, wound healing,skin grafting and tissue repairs. He has beenassociate professor of surgery at Columbiasince leaving Harvard about a year ago.'52. Alvan R. Feinstein is now a full­time member of the medical staff at YaleUniversity School of Medicine.Ralph Ganser has accepted a fellowshipin otology and an instructorship- at BaylorUniversity College of Medicine, Houston,for the coming year.'53. E. Russell Alexander, assistant pro­fessor of pediatrics at the University ofWashington, Seattle, has been appointed aMarkle Scholar for 1962-67.Gerald M. Reaven of Stanford receivedone of the Lederle Medical Faculty Awardsfor 1962. The awards are given to supportthe teaching and research activities of thesuccessful candidates as full-time membersof their respective undergraduate depart­ments.'54. Arthur Okinaka is on the staff inchest surgery at Cornell University MedicalCollege.'55. William P. Cohen has passed thespecialty boards in psychiatry and is nowin private practice in Berkeley, California.Marshall Edelson has received a careerteacher grant from the National Institutesof Mental Health designed to encouragephysicians to remain as educators in a uni­versity center. The grant, of $16,679, is re­newable at the end of the first year to permittravel for studying teaching methods in psy­chiatry in other centers. Edelson is assistantprofessor and chief of inpatient psychiatryat the University of Oklahoma MedicalCenter.Edward L. S. Jim has completed fouryears of residency in general surgery at St.Vincent's Hospital in New York. He willspend a year at the Memorial Cancer Hos­pital before returning to his native Honoluluto practice in 1963.Jesse W. Tapp, after practicing in PuertoRico for several years, spent last year atHarvard School of Public Health where heearned the M.P.H. and has accepted anappointment as assistant professor of com.munity medicine at the new University ofKentucky College of Medicine. The Tappsnow have four daughters.'56. George E. Coade has finished twoyears with the Navy where he was fortunateenough to practice his specialty of radiology.He is now in practice with a group of threeother radiologists in Los Angeles.'58. Toh-Leong Tan has been appointeda third-year resident in urology at Pres­byterian Medical Center in San Francisco.'59. David M. Hirsch, Jr., has spent twoyears at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston ina general surgical residency. He will com­plete his residency at the Bronx VA Hos­pital.'61. William Leong, Jr., Captain in theAir Force, has been assigned to the USAFHospital at Wakkanai Air Station, Japan.Hallie Moore has entered the MaryknollSisters Novitiate in Valley Park, Missouri.Richard L. Tompkins is with the PeaceCorps in North Borneo.I FACULTY NEWS II RESIDENT NEWS I _1 __R_u_s_H_N_E_w_s__Ross S. Benham was a delegate at the 7thInternational Congress for Microbiology inMontreal in August.Austin Brues has resigned as Director ofBiological and Medical Research at ArgonneNational Laboratory to devote full time tohis research.Lowell T. Coggeshall has been elected amember of the Board of Trustees of theUniversity. He is one of the few facultymembers, other than the head of the Uni­versity, ever to be appointed to the Board.Dr. Coggeshall will continue to serve asVice-President of the University and as theFrederick H. Rawson Professor of Medicine.In his enlarged position, he will be con­cerned, under Mr. Beadle, primarily withpolicy, planning, and improving facilitiesfor the growth of the University and for themore effective use of its total resources.In August, Dr. Coggeshall was appointedchairman of the prescription drug industry'snewly created Drug Safety Commission.Among the twelve other scientists whom hepicked to serve on the commission are PaulR. Cannon, Rush '25, Professor Emeritus ofPathology, and Chester S. Keefer, Professorof Medicine at Boston University and amember of the Executive Committee of theNational Research Council. Dr. Keefer wasthe first chief resident in medicine at TheClinics in 1926-28.M. Edward Davis, '25, was visiting pro­fessor at the Kapiolani Maternity and Gyne­cological Hospital in Honolulu for a monththis summer.Alfred Edwards Emerson, Professor ofZoology, has been elected to the NationalAcademy of Sciences.Donald Ferguson and Paul V. Harperwere elected members of the American Sur­gical Association in May. Paul Harper istreasurer of the Chicago Surgical Society.E. M. K. Geiling was elected to honorarymembership in the newly formed Society ofToxicology for his contributions to this field.Charles Huggins has been awarded theWilliam B. Ogden Distinguished ServiceProfessorship, effective January 1, 1963.Dr. Huggins received the Oscar B.Hunter Award of the American TherapeuticSociety in June for his work on the causeand treatment of hormone-dependent can­cers. He is the eighth American scientistto receive the award and the second fromthe University of Chicago. In 1956, E. M. K.Geiling, then Professor and Chairman ofthe Department of Pharmacology, was therecipient for his work with radioisotopes indrug research.William Kabisch has left the Departmentof Anatomy to join the American Associa­tion for the Advancement of Science inWashington, D.C.John E. Kasik, '54, became a Ph.D. inpharmacology this spring. He was the one­hundredth recipient of a higher degree inthat department and the occasion wasmarked with a luncheon at the QuadrangleClub. E. M. K. Geiling, the department'sfirst chairman, came from Washington, D.C.,to be present as did also Frances OldhamKelsey, '50, who earned the first Ph.D. inpharmacology in 1938. She is now a medical Chief residents in Billings 1962-63:Medicine-Richard Moy, '57Pathology-Francis Straus, '57Pedia trics-Stanley SinkfordSurgery-George DaicoffThoracic surgery-Norman SideriusSrichitra Charoencharamporn, Medi-cine, won second prize and the Eaton awardfor her photomicrographs, "Insulin Re­leaser" and "Intrainsular Capillary Plexus"displayed at the Student A. M. A. Conven­tion in Washington, D.C., in May.Angelo P. Creticos ('46-'47) receivedthe Decree of the Silver Cross of the Orderof George I from the Government of Greece.George Daicoff, Wynn Sayman, '53,Norman Siderius, and Richard Thomp­son, '54, have recently become diplomatesof the American Board of Surgery.Edward Paloyan, '56, surgery, is anAmerican Diabetes Association fellow for1962-63.officer in the Division of New Drugs of theU.S. Food and Drug Administration. Dr.Geiling is visiting professor of pharmacologyat Howard University and continues workon his manuscript of the life of John J. Abel.Fremont E. Kelsey ('40-'52), has beenassigned a special assistant to the surgeongeneral to work with all parts of the PublicHealth Service to improve communicationsin the health sciences.Albert Lorincz, '46, is professor andchairman of the Department of Obstetricsand Gynecology at Creighton University inOmaha.Gerald A. Mendel, instructor in medicineon the hematology service, won the JosephA. Capps prize for medical research awardedby the Institute of Medicine of Chicago.The Schweppe Foundation has made a grantto the University of Chicago to supportDr. Mendel's work for three years, one yearof which may be spent in some other lab­oratory.Robert Palmer, instructor in medicine,will be a National Foundation PostdoctoralResearch Fellow in Sweden for the comingyear.. Walter L. Palmer, Rush '21, Richard T.Crane Professor Emeritus of Medicine, hasopened offices in Woodlawn Hospital for theprivate practice of gastroenterology.In October, Dr. Palmer gave the thirdDwight E. Clark Memorial Lecture at OakRidge, Tennessee, on "Mind, Emotions, andthe Digestive Tract."John Van Prohaska, '33, is president ofthe Chicago Surgical Society.Richard B. Richter, '25, is president­elect of the American Neurological Associ­ation.Henry Russe, '57, is spending this aca­demic year at the University of Coloradoin Denver. He will work on immunologicalproblems with Dr. Alfred Crowle at theWebb Institute.H. Burr Steinbach, zoology, has beenelected to the American Academy of Artsand Sciences. '07. James Persons Simonds, who is now84 years old, was presented a diploma ofhonor by the Association of Clinical Scien­tists in April. Dr. Simonds earned a Dr. P.H.from Harvard in 1914 and a Ph.D. in pa­thology from The University of Chicago in1923 and was awarded an LL.D. from Bay­lor University, his undergraduate AlmaMater, in 1951. He retired as professor andhead of the Department of Pathology atNorth western in 1943.'12. Morris Fishbein, who celebrated hisfiftieth anniversary this year, was awardedthe Alumni Medal for "distinction in hisfield of specialization or for service to so­ciety or both." This is The University ofChicago Alumni Association's highestaward.'15. J. E. M. Thomson was recently hon­ored by the American Academy of Ortho­paedic Surgeons for his leadership in theestablishment of the instructional coursesof the Academy. The March issue of theBulletin of the Academy is dedicated to Dr.Thomson and carries a sketch of his lifewritten by Dr. J. Vernon Luck, the Acad­emy's president.'17. Yngve Joranson has just completeda term as chief-of-staff of the South ChicagoCommunity Hospital. He was associate pro­fessor of medicine at the University of Illi­nois from 1920 to 1945.'21. Jules Stein has given one million dol­lars to establish an eye institute that willbear his name at the University of Califor­nia a t Los Angeles.'26. Edward L. Compere, professor andchairman of the Department of OrthopedicSurgery of Northwestern, has been ap­pointed to the Emergency Medical AdvisoryCommittee for Civil Defense for the Chi­cago Board of Health.'28. Col. Paul A. Campbell, lJSAF, MC,has been made Commander of the School ofAerospace Medicine at Brooks Air ForceBase, Texas.'31. Jack P. Cowen won first and secondprizes for his water-color portraits in theAmerican Physicians' Art Association ex­hibit during the A.M.A. convention in June.His entries, with other selected paintingsand sculpture, will be exhibited in thirtycities for the benefit of the Salk Institutefor Biological Studies.'37. Lester S. McLean has been appointeda first-year resident in anesthesiology atPresbyterian Medical Center in San Fran­cisco. Dr. McLean is a board-certified spe­cialist in public health of Eureka, Califor­nia.'38. John D. Porterfield has been ap­pointed state-wide coordinator of healthand medical affairs of the University of Cali­fornia and a lecturer at the School of PublicHealth on the San Francisco campus. Hewill advise the President of the Universityconcerning the development of proposednew medical schools, including San Diegowhich will be the third of that university'smedical centers. Since 1957 Dr. Porterfieldhas been Deputy Surgeon General, secondin command of the Public Health Service.'41. Paul P. Pickering, of San Diego, ispresident of the California Society of PlasticSurgeons.M E 0 I CAL A L U M NIB U L LET I N 23RICKETTS AWARDJohn F. Enders, Nobel-prize winningvirologist whose work laid the founda­tions for vaccines against polio andmeasles, was the recipient of the 1962Howard Taylor Ricketts MemorialAward.Dr. Enders received the medal hereon May 31 and spoke on "Recent Ob­servations on Reactions of Cells in Cul­ture to Viral Infection." He is HigginsUniversity Professor at Harvard andchief of the research division of infec­tious diseases at the Children's HospitalMedical Center in Boston.Picture credits-Archie Lieberman: pp. 2,1�13, 24; Ted Berland: pp. 1, 6, 7; LeonardLyon (3) and Don Switz (1): p. 9; LifeMagazine: p. 5; Merrill-Chase Studios: pp.14-18.BULLETINof the Alumni AssociationThe University of ChicagoSCHOOL OF MEDICINE950 East Fifty-ninth Street, Chicago 37, IllinoisVOL. 18 SPRING-AUTUMN 1962 No.3EDITORIAL BOARD]ESSIlt BURNS MACLEAN, SecretaryWRIGHT ADAMS ROBERT J. HASTERLIKJOHN D. ARNOLD ELEANOR M. HUMPHREYSL. T. COGGESHALL HUBERTA LIVINGSTONERICHARD EVANS PETER V. MOULDERWALTER L. PALMER Officers of Medical Alumni1962-63President M. Edward Davis, B.S., '20,M.D., Rush '22, has been associated withChicago Lying-in Hospital and the Uni­versity of Chicago since 1925 with theexception of one year on the faculty ofNorthwestern. He is Joseph BolivarDeLee Professor and Chairman of theDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecol­ogy.Paul C. Bucy, Vice-President, was amember of our faculty in neurosurgeryfrom 1928-41. He is Professor of Surgeryat Northwestern and senior attendingneurological surgeon and chief of the di­vision at Wesley Memorial Hospital.Richard J. Jones earned his medicaldegree from the University of Buffalo in1943. He has been at the University ofChicago as intern and resident and is nowAssociate Professor of Medicine on thecardiology service. He is the Secretaryof the Association.Charles F. Barlow, '47, is Treasurer.He is Associate Professor of Medicine inthe neurology section.Two alumni were elected to the Coun­cil for three-year terms:Edward L. Compere, Rush '26, was amember of our faculty from 1928-40 andis now Professor and Chairman of theDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery atNorthwestern. He has been chairman ofthe department at Wesley Memorial Hos­pi tal since 1941.Edwin F. Hirsch, Rush '16, is Asso­ciate Professor Emeritus of Pathology. Rush Alumni Hold AnnualMeetingOn June 26, during the meeting of theAmerican Medical Association in Chi­cago, the Rush Medical College AlumniAssociation had a luncheon at Presby­terian-St. Luke's Hospital. More thanninety alumni attended. Victor F. Mar­shall, '98, of Appleton, Wisconsin, wasthe oldest alumnus to attend.Frederic A. dePeyster, '40, was re­elected President of the Association andJames W. Merricks, '34, was re-electedSecretary-Treasurer.On the same day a smaller group ofRush and South-Side University of Chi­cago alumni had lunch at the QuadrangleClub. Wright Adams, Associate Dean ofthe Division of Biological Sciences, spokeof recent developments at the Clinics andHospitals.Medical Education forForeign StudentsSixty doctors from twenty-eight na­tions came to Chicago last June for athree-day conference on medical educa­tion.Under the aegis of the China MedicalBoard of New York, Inc., visiting for­eign doctors are given an opportunity tobecome acquainted with medical educa­tion in the United States, since U.S.­trained doctors are often assigned to topmedical or administrative posts whenthey return to their native countries.Robert G. Page, Associate Professorof Medicine, was chairman of the confer­ence.