:::::;:;::::::;::::::::::::;:::;:;:;:::;:::::: :;:::::.::;:::;::::;:::::;::;:;:;:;:;:::}:;:;:;:;:::;:;:;:::::::;::::::.:::.:.:.: .. : .. : : .Volume 17 Number 3A SPECIAL MESSAGETO MEDICAL ALUMNIIn my inaugural address I found occasion to use the Schoolof Medicine of the University of Chicago as an example of aprofessional function within a university that is not a drain onbut an asset to the total university enterprise.The more I do my homework on the activities of the Divisionof Biological Sciences, the more astonished I become at therange and depth of the Division's activities. The program fortraining medical doctors shows the rigorous thought that hasgone into keeping the University of Chicago School of Medicineamong the nation's top-ranking institutions. This position ofeminence gives the University of Chicago a special set of responsibilities for the nationwide concern of maintaining thequality of students entering upon a medical career. We wantthe next generation of doctors to be as good as-or even betterthan-you are. This is a task in which we will need your help inmany ways.I arrived at the University of Chicago after Dean Bennettcame here from the University of Washington. He is an outstanding authority in the biological field, and both the Divisionand the School of Medicine will continue in the pioneer spiritunder his leadership. As you know, Dr. Coggeshall has movedfrom Billings Hospital to the fifth floor of the AdministrationBuilding and his wisdom has been invaluable to me as I takeover this new office of mine.One of my strongest impressions in getting to know the Division of Biological Sciences resolves itself into one word-themedical term, symbiosis. This concept has brought together notonly some of the world's authorities in their special field butpediatricians who are experts in sociology, surgeons who perform electronic marvels and computer-oriented cardiologists.The School was based on the belief that only through theclosest association of the clinical and pre-clinical scienceswould there be medical progress. We long since have movedfrom this original relationship into an integration that focusesthe physical as well as the biological sciences into the researchand clinical areas.Looking back over the clinical insights that have arisen outof my own field of study, I believe that the future of medicineat the University of Chicago lies in continuing and strengthening this distinctive tradition of the School of Medicine.GEORGE WELLS BEADLE, ChancellorFrom the walls of Green Hall acrossUniversity Avenue from the Chancellor'sHouse, this welcome greeted the Beadleson the morning of inauguration.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 3FACULTY NEWS IWilliam E. Adams has been appointed byGovernor Kerner to the Advisory Committee on Diseases of the Chest of the WelfareDepartment of the State of Illinois.Wright Adams was named chairman ofthe American Board of Internal Medicine.H. Stanley Bennett, Charles Huggins,and H. Burr Steinbach have been named tothe twenty-four member President's Conference on Heart Disease and Cancer underthe chairmanship of Boisfeuillet Jones, special assistant to the secretary of Health,Education, and Welfare.Lowell T. Coggeshall has been electedto the Board of Directors of CommonwealthEdison Company and of Abbott Laboratories.James Crawford, '54, instructor in medical psychology, was granted the Ph.D. degree in biopsychology in March.Frank W. Fitch, '53, has been selected aMarkle Scholar for 1961-66. He is assistantprofessor of pathology.H. Close Hesseltine was presented witha certificate of appreciation by the Sangamon County Medical Society for his "devoted interest, outstanding leadership anduntiring services as president of the IllinoisState Medical Society."Charles Huggins was awarded the highest honor of the Peruvian government. President Manuel Pardo made the presentationof the Order of the Sun, Class Grand Officer,to Dr. Huggins at the presidential palace inLima.Nathaniel Kleitman gave the annualMurray B. Gordon Lecture at the NewYork Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn. His subject was "The 24-Hour Rhythmin Man."The estate of Fred Conrad Koch hasbeen bequeathed to the Endocrine Societyto establish an honorarium of $3,500 to begiven annually with a medal to an individualfor work of special distinction in endocrinology. Nominations must be made by members of the society and are limited to citizens of the United States and Canada. Professor Koch was a pioneer in the isolation ofthe androgens. He was Distinguished ServiceProfessor and Chairman of the Departmentof Biochemistry.Joyce Lashof has been appointed fuIItime director of the section of preventivemedicine at Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital. She will be in charge of clinical medicallaboratories.Henry T. Ricketts has been elected adirector of the Chicago Diabetes Associationfor a three-year term.Henry L. Wild berger, '51, assistant professor of medicine, has been elected to theBoard of Directors of the Chicago DiabetesAssociation.F. Howell Wright has resigned as chairman of the Department of Pediatrics. Hewill continue as professor and will devotehimself to research, clinical work, and teaching.Dr. Wright's successor has not been apPointed. WRIGHT ADAMS NAMEDASSOCIATE DEANDean H. Stanley Bennett announcedthe appointment on April 15 of WrightRowe Adams as Associate Dean of theBiological Sciences, Dean of the Clinical Faculty, and Chief of Staff of TheUniversity of Chicago Clinics.Dr. Adams has been chairman of theDepartment of Medicine since 1949. Inannouncing his new appointment, Dr.Bennett said, "He will have broad responsibilities in the general areas relating to clinical teaching, internships andresidencies, patient care, and professional relationships. His fairness, hisperceptive insight into human relations,his long experience in academic medicine, and his outstanding abilities as a clinician and as a teacher will be invaluable in his new post."Dr. Bennett has asked these professors to advise him in the search for anew permanent chairman of the Department of Medicine: Cornelius Vermeulen, '37, Professor of Urology, RobertW. Wissler, '49, Professor of Pathology,William R. Barclay, Associate Professor of Medicine, H. Burr Steinbach,Professor of Zoology, Herbert DanielLandahl, Professor of MathematicalBiology, .and Wright Adams.Leon O. Jacobson, '39, director ofthe Argonne Cancer Research Hospital,will be acting chairman until Dr.Adams' successor is named.4 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINTHE SENIOlALKON, ELLEN BOGENBorn Apr. 10,1936; Stanford University, A.B., 1955;Intern.: Billings; Specialty undeterminded; Married;5715 S. Drexel Ave., Chicago 37; Arcadia, Calif.ANAGNOSTOPOULOS, LAMPIS DEMETRIOSBorn Mar. 29,1930; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1957; Intern.: Philadelphia General H.; Internal Medicine; Unmarried; % Psyhogios, 952 Addison St., Chicago 13.ANDERSON, DAVID GOTFRIEDBorn Sept. 20, 1935; St. Olaf College, Northfield,Minn., A.B., 1957; Intern.: Rockford Memorial H.JRockford, Ill.; Pathology or pediatrics; Unmarried;1825 Parkview Ave., Rockford, Ill.ANDERSON, ROBERT LEEBorn June 28, 1935; Purdue U., S.B., 1957; Intern.:Navy H., Portsmouth, Va.; Obstetrics & Gynecology;Married; Two children; 318 N. Franklin Rd., Indianapolis, Ind.ATTIG, CHARLES EMERSONBorn July 23, 1929; North Central College, Naperville, 111., A.B., 1952; Intern.: Blodgett Memorial H.;Anesthesiology; Married; 438 S. Columbia, Naperville,Ill.AUERBACH, ARTHUR MICHAELBorn Feb., 19,1937; Cornell U., A.B., 1957; Intern.:New York H.; Orthopedic surgery; Unmarried;A.o.A.; 1477 E. 23rd St., Brooklyn, N.Y.BARBER, DAVID HOUGHTONBorn July 21, 1935; Beloit College, S.B., 1957; Intern.: Cleveland Clinics; General surgery; Married;2020 E. 93rd St., Cleveland 6, Ohio; 194 Sunset, GlenEllyn, Ill.BARBER, NANCY DONNELLBorn Feb. 28,1936; Beloit College, S.B., 1957; Intern.: Cleveland Clinics; Orthopedic surgery; Married;2020 E. 93rd St., Cleveland 6, Ohio.BASKIND, ROBERTBorn Jan. 23, 1937; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1958; Intern.: Michael Reese H.; Urology; Unmarried; 3130Lake Shore Dr., Chicago.BEAL, DAVID DIXONBorn June 28,"1935; U. of Washington, S.B., 1957;Intern: U.S.P.H.S. Hosp., Seattle; Surgery; Married;Two children; 803 W. 3rd, Anaconda, Mont.BECKLUND, ROGER WESLEYBorn July 31, 1934; St. Olaf College, Northfield,Minn., A.B., 1957; Intern.: Blodgett Memorial H.;General practice; Married; Almont, N.Dak.BROWNLEE, ALBERT WALTERBorn June 8, 1932; Central State College, Okla.,S.B., 1959; Intern.: Hillcrest Medical Center, Tulsa,Okla.; General practice or obstetrics & gynecology;Married; Two children; 506 E. Vilas, Guthrie, Okla.CAPLAN, ROBERT HENRYBorn Feb. 24,1936; Purdue U., S.B., 1958; Intern.:Highland-Alameda County H., Oakland, Calif.; Internal medicine; Unmarried; 2104 S. 56th Ave.,Cicero, Ill. "COE, FRED LAWRENCEBorn Dec. 25, 1936; U. of Chicago, A.B., S.B., 1957;Intern.: Michael Reese H., Internal medicine; Unmarried; A.O.A.; 3500 Lake Shore Dr., Chicago.CRAMER, DAVID ALANBorn Nov. 6, 1936; Oberlin College, A.B., 1957;Intern.: Boston City H.; Internal medicine; Unmar-MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 5;LASS OF 1961DIAMOND, IVAN FREDBorn May 7, 1935; U. of Chicago, A.B., 1956, B.S.,1957; Intern.: New England Center H., Boston; Pediatric neurology; Married; A.O.A.; 3093 Brighton 4Street, Brooklyn, N.Y.DUMONT, MATTHEW PIERCEBorn Jan. 29, 1937; Columbia U., A.B., 1957; Intern.: Boston City H., Psychiatry; Married; 2102Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn, N.Y.EATON, ROBERT PHILIPBorn Sept. 21, 1935; College of Wooster, A.B., 1957;Intern.: Barnes H., St. Louis; Internal medicine; Unmarried; A.O.A.; Big Bass Lake, Irons, Mich.ECONOMUS, PETERBorn Feb. 11, 1935; Augustana College, Rock Island, III., A.B., 1957; Intern.: Illinois Research &Educational H.; Pediatrics; Unmarried; 256 15th Ave.,East Moline, Ill.ERNEST, JOHN TERRYBorn June 26, 1935; Northwestern U., A.B., 1957;Intern.: Indiana University H., Indianapolis;Ophthalmology; Unmarried; 495 S. Main St., Sycamore, Ill.FALKENBURG, NEIL EDGARBorn June 14, 1931; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1961; Intern.: U. of Washington H.; Pediatrics; Married; Onechild; 565 McKinley Terrace, Huntington, N.Y.FEIN, JERRY EDWARDBorn Nov. 19, 1934; Morningside College, SiouxCity, Iowa, S.B., 1957; Intern.: Colorado General H.;Internal medicine; Married; One child; A.O.A.; 2314Grandview Blvd., Sioux City 4, Iowa.FILMANOWICZ, EDWARD VINCENT, JR.Born Mar. 28, 1936; Harvard U., A.B., 1957; Intern.: U. of Michigan H.; Internal medicine; Unmarried; 2600 E. 87th St., Chicago 17.FORD, ELIZABETHBorn Apr. 14, 1929; Mount Holyoke College, A.B.,1951, Washington U., M.A., 1957; Intern.: Billings;Specialty undetermined; Unmarried; 654 W. Hill St.,Wabash, Ind.FRIED, FLOYD ALANBorn Mar. 23, 1936; Brooklyn College, S.B., 1957;Intern.: New York H.; Surgery; Unmarried; A.O.A.;825 East Ninth St., Brooklyn 30, N.Y.GEPHART, HARLAN REIDBorn Jan. 26, 1936; Oberlin College, A.B., 1957;Intern.: U. of Iowa H.; Child psychiatry or pediatrics;Married; 151 N. Mozart, Palatine, Ill.GOLDSTONE, DONALD EDWARDBorn May 8, 1936; Johns Hopkins U., A.B., 1957;Intern.: Philadelphia General H.; Specialty undetermined; Unmarried j 3400 Ellamont Rd., Baltimore15, Md.GORMLEY, DAVID PAULBorn June 8, 1935; Tufts U., S.B., 1957; Intern.:Philadelphia General H.; Surgery; Unmarried; 31Elder Ave., Bergenfield, N.J.GOTTLIEB, ANTHONY ADAMSBorn Apr. 9, 1936; U. of Illinois; Intern.: Barnes H.,St. Louis; Internal medicine or psychiatry; Unmarried; 5543 S. Hyde Park Blvd., Chicago 37.GREEN, JOHN ROBERTBorn Nov. 17, 1931; Harvard U.; Intern.: U. ofWashington H.: Biochemistry; Married; 7817 SouthCL_ ........ T\. .... f"'L! An6 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINTHE SENIORHALL, RICHARD LEEBorn Aug. 6, 1935; Stanford U., A.B., 1957; Intern.: King County H., Seattle; Surgery; Unmarried;2186 Forty-first Ave., San Francisco, Calif.HALPERIN, DAVID CARLOSBorn May 5, 1937; National U. of Mexico, A.B.,1956; Intern.: Billings; Internal medicine; Unmarried; U. of Chicago Clinics.HINMAN, ROBERT CHARLESBorn July 16, 1935; Lawrence College, S.B., 1957;Intern.: Illinois Research & Educational H.; Internalmedicine; Unmarried; Glenwood City, Wis.HOTCHKISS, JOHN ROBERTBorn Sept. 19, 1932; Wheaton College, A.B., 1955;Intern.: Billings; Internal medicine; Unmarried;A.O.A.; Route 1, Box 261 A, Candler, N.C.HYDE, JOHN ROBERTBorn Aug. 6, 1934; Pomona College, A.B., 1955, U.of Chicago, M.S., 1957; Intern.: Minneapolis GeneralH.; Internal medicine; Unmarried; 456 South Spalding Dr., Beverly Hills, Calif.KLEIN, MADELINEBorn Mar. 13, 1935; Mount Holyoke College, A.B.,1956; Intern.: Kings County H., Brooklyn; Specialtyundetermined; Unmarried; 22 Esplanade, MountVernon, N.Y.LAMBETH, JAMES THOMASBorn Feb. 13, 1936; Seattle U., S.B., 1957; Intern.:Fitzsimmons General H., Denver; Radiology; Married; One child; Route 1, Box 454, Vashon, Wash.LEONG, WILLIAM, JR.Born Nov. 20, 1935; Stanford U., A.B., 1956; Intern.: Los Angeles County H.; Pediatrics; Unmarried;165 Madison St., San Francisco, Calif.MESSNER, RONALD PIERCEBorn July 15, 1935; Oberlin College, S.B., 1957;Intern.: University H., Cleveland;Medicine; Unmarried; 6134 N. Hamilton, Chicago 45.MONTO, GEORGE LUTHERBorn Mar. 2,1936; Illinois College, S.B., 1957; Intern.: Blodgett Memorial H.; Tropical medicine;married; 1117 North Sixth St., Springfield, Ill.MOORE, HALLIE ELIZABETHBorn Jan. 4, 1936; Stanford U., A.B., 1957; Intern.:Cook County H.; Pediatrics; Unmarried; 720 S. Wolcott, Chicago 10; 2010 Yolo Ave., Berkeley, Calif.NASH, HOWARD ALLENBorn Nov. 5, 1937; Tufts U., S.B., 1957; Intern.:delayed for research work at Billings; Physiology;Unmarried; 67 School St., Malverne, N.Y.NECHELES, THOMAS FABIANBorn Oct. 1, 1933; U. of Chicago, A.B., 1952, B.S.,1957, M.S., 1958, Ph.D. 1961; Intern.: New EnglandMedical Center, Boston; Internal medicine; Married;Three children; 5021 S. Woodlawn, Chicago 15.OLSEN, HOMER EDWARDBorn Mar. 23, 1935; Luther College, Decorah, Ia.,S.B., 1957; Intern.: U. of Oregon H.; Psychiatry ormedicine; Unmarried; Climax, Minn.OLSON, ROBERT PAULBorn Sept. 28, 1928; Cornell College, Mt. Vernon,Ia., A.B., 1950, U. of Illinois, M.S., 1952; Intern.:Presbyterian-St.Luke's H.; Internal medicine; Mar--=_...J. �� tIT ","T�_ .. L A • __ I'""L! .. n.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 7CLASS OF 1961PACHMAN, LAUREN MERLEBorn Mar. 16, 1937; Wellesley College, A.B., 1957;Intern.: Philadelphia General H.; Immunology of pediatrics; Unmarried; 8133 S. Jeffery Ave., Chicago 17.PACKOVICH, MILAN JOHNBorn Jan. 13, 1936; Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio,A.B., 1957; Intern.: Robert Packer H., Sayre, Pa.;Internal medicine; Unmarried; 3426 Mahoning Ave.,N.W., Warren, Ohio.PAK, CHARLES YONG CHULBorn Nov. 27, 1935; U. of Chicago, S.B., 1958;Intern.: Billings; Internal medicine; Unmarried; 155Muliwai Ave., Wahiawa, Hawaii.PERLMAN, ROBERT LOUISBorn Aug. 15, 1938; U. of Chicago, A.B., 1957, B.S.,1958; Intern.: delayed for research work at Billings,biochemistry; Specialty undetermined; Unmarried;5448 S. East View Park Ave., Chicago 15.PREISMAN, ROBERT ARTHURBorn Sept. 13, 1936; Ohio State U.; Intern.: Cincinnati General H.; Specialty undetermined; Unmarried; 916 Highland Rd., Charleston, W. Va.READE, DERALD MAXBorn Oct. 3, 1929; U. of South Dakota, S.B., 1959;Intern.: Wesley H., Wichita, Kans.; General practice;Married; One child; Canton, S. Dak.RENNERT, OWEN MURRAYBorn Aug. 8,1938; U. of Chicago, A.B., S.B., 1957;Intern.: Billings; Biochemistry & pediatrics; Unmarried; 195 Bennett Ave., New York, N.Y.ROSI, PETER SHAMBAUGH LOUISBorn Mar. 4, 1937; Swarthmore College, A.B., 1957;Intern.: Henry Ford H., Detroit, Mich.; Surgery;Married; One child; A.O.A.; 2499 W. Grand Blvd.,Detroit, Mich.; 10162 Longwood Dr., Chicago 43.SCHMID, PHILLIP GEORGEBorn Jan. 30, 1935; Carleton College, A.B., 1957;Intern.: Billings; Internal medicine; Unmarried;13206 Holdridge Rd., Silver Spring, Md.SHANNON, JOSEPH ROBERTBorn Nov. 14, 1930; Loyola U., S.B., 1952; Intern.:Muhlenberg H., Plainfield, N.J.; Internal medicine;Unmarried; 9553 S. Winchester, Chicago 11.SHAPIRO, BERTRAND JAYBorn Aug. 24, 1936; U. of California at Los Angeles,1957; Intern.: Indefinite; Internal medicine; Unmarried; A.O.A.; 35 Summerholme Pl., Hillsborough, Calif.SKOSEY, JOHN LYLEBorn Jan. 19, 1936; Southern Illinois U., A.B., 1957;Intern.: Billings; Internal medicine; Married; Route1, Clinton, Ill.SPINKA, RONALD BARRYBorn Feb. 16, 1936; U. of Illinois, S.B., 1958; Intern.: Los Angeles County H.; Internal medicine orpsychiatry; Married; 1127 W. Farwell, Chicago 26.SPRATT, JAMES LEOBorn Jan. 27,1932; U. of Chicago, A.B., 1953, Ph.D.,1957; Intern.: U. of Iowa H.; Pharmacology; Married; 7804 S. Luna, Stickney Twp., Ill.STUCKER, THOMAS BERNARDBorn Feb. 27,1936; St. Joseph's College, A.B., 1958;Intern.: U.S. P.H.S. Hosp., Staten Island 4, N.Y.;Internal medicine; Married; 9558 S. Seeley Ave.,Chicago 43.8 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINTHE SENIORSWANSON, WENDEL BROWMANBorn Oct. 5, 1930; Augustana College, Rock Island,Ill., A.B., 1952; U. of Chicago, M.S., 1958; Intern.:Butterworth H., Grand Rapids, Mich.; Radiology;Married; 8927 Harrison Ave., Rockford, Ill.TAGATZ, GEORGE ELMOBorn Sept. 30, 1935; St. Olaf College, Northfield,Intern.: Western Reserve Univ. H.; Internal medicine;Unmarried; 510 Geneva Ave., Bellwood, Ill.THOMASON, RICHARD DONALD, JR.Born July 31, 1930; Intern.: delayed for researchwork at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Anesthesiology; Married; One child; 9945 Harnew Rd.,Oak Lawn, Ill.TIETZ, CHARLES ALBINBorn Sept. 30, 1935; St. Olaf College, Northfield,Minn., B.A., 1957; Intern.: Minneapolis General H.;Internal medicine; Unmarried; 1711 George St., LaCrosse, Wis.TINNIN, LOUIS WATSONBorn Mar. 7, 1932; U. of Chicago; Intern.: GorgasH., Canal Zone; Psychiatry; Married; Three children;Box 526, Balboa Heights, Canal Zone.TOMPKINS, RICHARD LEOBorn Sept. 27, 1935; Walla Walla College, B.A.,1957; Intern.: Los Angeles County H.; Surgery; Unmarried; 10628 N.E. Fargo St., Portland, Oreg.TRACY, RICHARD EVERETTBorn Apr. 30, 1934; U. of Chicago, A.B., 1955,Ph.D., 1961; Intern.: Presbyterian H.; Denver, Colo.;Pathology; Unmarried; 2525 Applegate Ave., KlamathFalls, Oreg.URSCHEL, CHARLES WILLIAMSBorn Jan. 26, 1936; Carleton College, A.B., 1957;Intern.: Columbia-Presbyterian H., N.V.C.; Internalmedicine; Married; One child; A.O.A.; Box 415;Mentone, Ind.THE GROOMING OF A CHAMPIONA month or so ago, as you well realize, the newspapers were full of comments and reports about the heavyweight championship fight. While reading these accounts I kept thinking aboutthe concept of what it takes to makea champion. Most people would answer,"Blood, sweat, and tears," but I couldn'trefrain from thinking it was somethingmore basic. Any champion would, almost without exception, attribute hissuccess to the experience gained in theearly four-round fights that enabled himto cope with all kinds of presentingsituations. I recently interviewed seventy-seven prospective candidates, who are striving to be champions in theirown right. In preparation for the mainevents, these individuals had similarfour-round bouts against the same opponents.It was the fall of 1957 in Chicago;the group had just arrived from theirrespective training camps where theyhad been preparing for three or fouryears and were now ready for the official weigh-in and pre-fight instructions.A bit nervous, the seventy-sevencandidates had gathered at Abbott'sGym and exchanged mutual greetingsand talked of previous encounters, defeats, and victories, and of the new chal- lenge. I'll never forget how we allthought one of the group, a characterin a beard and a leather jacket, hadwandered into the Gym by mistake.This, of course, was "Matthew, Mark,Luke (Sigmund)" Dumont, soon to forsake his Second City attire for an analyst's couch.By unanimous consent both sides hadchosen for referee a person whose reputation for fairness and neutrality longpreceded him; he was nicknamed,"Zwitterion," but better known as"Uncle Joe."A great hush fell over the group asZwitterion strode into the room. AfterMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 9CLASS OF 1961WALGREN, KENNETHBorn Feb. 28, 1930; Beloit College, A.B., 1952, U. ofWisconsin, M.S., 1957; Intern.: U. of Iowa H.; Medicine; Married; Pearl City, Ill.WENTZ, DENNIS KEITHBorn Sept. 1, 1935; North Central College, Naperville, Ill., A.B., 1957; Intern.: U. of Maryland H.; Internal medicine; Unmarried; Napoleon, N. Dak.WILLIAMS, CHARLES EVERETTBorn Sept. 4, 1935; Yale U., B.A., 1957; Intern.:Highland-Alameda County H., Oakland; Internalmedicine; Married; Two children; 10359 Monte MarDr., Los Angeles, Calif.WILSON, THOMAS WILLIAMBorn Oct. 5, 1936; Southern Methodist U., S.B.,1957; Intern.: Vanderbilt U. Hosp.; Pediatrics; Married; 526 Lamont Ave., San Antonio, Texas.WINEMILLER, ROBERT HAROLDBorn May 27,1935; DePauw U., A.B., 1956; Intern.: U. of Michigan H.; Internal medicine; Married; One child; 412 W. Grantley, Elmhurst, Ill.WOODBURY, LINDA PLZAKBorn Apr. 30, 1937; U. of Chicago, A.B., S.B., 1957,S.M., 1959; Intern.: Passavant Memorial H., Chicago;Obstetrics & Gynecology; Married; 5715 Drexel Ave.,Chicago 37, Ill.; 560 N. Washington, Hinsdale, Ill.WOODWARD, ROBERT WARRENBorn Mar. 4, 1936; Earlham College, A.B., 1957;Intern.: Highland-Alameda County H., Oakland,Calif.; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Unmarried; 831 Bayard Pl., San Diego 9, Calif.WRIGHT, GEORGE DONALDBorn Mar. 27, 1932; Eastern Illinois College, A.B.,1957; Intern.: U.S. Army, Ft. Benning, Ga.; Pediatrics; Married; two children; 205 1st St., Charleston,Ill.a short welcome he instructed the groupabout the rules and assured all that hewould do everything in his power tomake sure the contest was a fair one.He then introduced some of the opposition, who told us that as seasonedveterans they would help each gladiatorin his quest for recognition; with thisreassurance everyone felt more at home.At a parting shot, Zwitterion told thecontenders about the scoring system ofbouts held at Brown's Billings Garden.He said the ringside judges would evaluate each fighter's performance, grading each individual on his own ability,in order to eliminate any internecinecompetition. These evaluations wouldbe kept in strict confidence by thejudges and the referee unless the fighterWas KO'd. Within a short time each challengerhad his equipment ready and donnedhis new white robe and stepped into thering to meet the first opponent, "K. O.Cadaver." The opening seconds of thecontest had everybody backpedallingand protecting his nose as there wassomething "fishy" about K.O.'s style.But with some great corner advice fromthat old pro, Coach Kabe, dissection ofK. O. 's style was not difficult and hewas literally torn limb from limb.Midway through the first round abig serendipity punch almost threweveryone, even the compulsive fighters,off guard, but with the multiple-choicedefense of the opposition, all gladiators"Forbes"ed ahead. The closing secondsof the first round were used to get asecond wind. Some, however, managed to take time to look at the famous whiteand gray columns that support thespectacular circle of Willis, while othersgot a glimpse of the celebrities in theaudience including the dashing SylvianFissure and her pineal body.At the end of the first round, Zwitterion and the promotional judges compared notes and to the amazement of allthe young fighters, the first round wasawarded to them. By this time a muchneeded three-minute rest was in orderso each fighter retired to his own corner. In rehashing the first round withtheir respective managers and promoters, many thought the opposition hadthrown some border line punches. Forexample, the "shrinking" of womengreat with child and the "tadpole, smallfog" punch. All in all, however, it was a10 MEDICAL AL UMNI BULLETINprofitable round and a good one to haveout of the way.In the second round, the end-organsresponded to the stress put on them,even though the opposition was almostpathological in its sliding and grossdemonstration of near post-mortemtactics. "Rabbit" punches and unsterileconditions went undetected by the referee and it was the �oncensus of ringsiders that the Home for the Incurableswas the next stop for the young neophytes. By the middle of the secondround the boxers were "worming" theirway out of anaplastic situations. Latein the second round the long awaitedopening finally came-some boxers"elected" to vary their offense but mostof them concentrated on a new typeconsisting of probing and feeling forweakness in the physical make-up ofthe opposition. Fingers were prickedand a little blood was spilled in thebattle. During one scuffle in the cornerof the ring a near disaster occurred assome uncouth had left a formed, solid,ring-stool, not a sign of culture, and itdrew 4-plus sensitivity from the crowd.Spirits were running high as the opposition varied its offense in vain attemptsto stump the now somewhat confidentyoung gladiators. Speaking of spirits,the opposition tried to soft-soap theboys about the pharmaco-sociologicalevils of ethanol, i.e., "one drink is toomany, and a thousand is not enough.""I couldn't tell that pretty blonde at theAdmitting Office that 1 have trouble with mynature, Doc, so 1 told her 1 had a sore throat."Everybody turned to look at "IrishJoe" and "Lacnnec" Goldstone. Thiswas an exhausting round and the between-round rest seemed even shorterthis time. The third round opened fiercelysome of the fighters "surged," some"shrunk," some back-"pedseled," andsome "med" the opposition head-on.The group was now relying strictly oninstinct with corner advice from theirable handlers: Cecil, Loerb, J. Garrett,Nelson, and that old veteran, MerckSmerek. Under their encouraging guide,the boxers gained new stature and simultaneously the opposition broughtforth its best offense: Terrible TedPullman tried to confuse the youngneophytes with constant harrassing,Dandau Landau caused much consternation with his changing mood, and abig tall "pseudopod orthopod" and hisshort "Napoleon" partner, the "apple"of his eye, gave some of the fighters agood working over, cutting them uppretty badly. In addition each fighter hadto survive a medical regimen consistingof 30 mg Palmer and 7.5 mg Kirsnerdaily.While on exhibition tour to Mantenosome shocked the opposition with thei�great display of diversified talents, namely guitar-strumming and folk-singing, sothat the squirrel-keepers were unable tosleep and subsequently reported them.When the bell rang one fighter hadbeen KO'd and two had gone down forthe nine count only to rise again-therest came through bloody but unbowed.Between the third and fourth roundsmost fighters took time out to look atthe future opposition that would meanmore prestige and opportunity to express individual talents. The fourthand final round was to be a real pleasure, the fighters had the battle essentially won and this round was to sharpen up their techniques. Each move thefighter made was planned and had itsown meaning-blending together to givea confluent approach to each presenting situation. Instructions from corner-menhad even greater meaning; skin .lesionsand projected silhouettes were no longer a mystery. Ming Fu and traveloguesdown the "afternoon Path" weren't toobad and even the Ovary Tower wastolerable. Most of the gladiators seemedto fare pretty well during this round:one ruptured a heterophile, one suddenly acquired a "pica" for lead pipes,and another small group picked up astrange bug causing that fatal disease,"altar fever," while still others stayedat home and caught up on their math(multiplication). At the end of thefourth round the referee held theirhands in victory and assured them theyall had made a good showing.So, as you can see, without the helpof the four-round bouts these youngfighters could not have graduated to thebigger challenges ahead. Without thehelp of all their sparring mates andmany more, the final result could nothave been achieved. In spite of theirway of presenting obstacles necessaryfor grooming a champion, the entireopposition will always be rememberedgratefully by the gladiators-for without them advancement would have beenimpossible and championship out of thequestion!CHARLES TIETZMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 11SENIOR SESSIONSCIENTIFICThe Fifteenth Annual Senior ScientificSession was held on the afternoon and evening of Tuesday, June 6. Between sessionsthe presenting seniors and the faculty haddinner together in the Doctors DiningRoom. The committee in charge was LeonO. Jacobson, '37, Chairman, John D. Arnold, '46, Frank Fitch, '53, Murray Rabinowitz, and Lloyd Roth, '52.Biological Effects of thePolyoma Virus inEmbryonal andNewborn RatsBy DAVID G. ANDERSONPathologyThe polyoma virus, originally isolated from mice with spontaneouslymphatic leukemia, can produce multifocal tumors of diverse histogenesisin various species. Although the rat isknown to be susceptible to oncogenesisby the polyoma virus, the tumor response in this species is reportedly singular, i.e., only renal sarcomas resultfollowing neonatal injection of the virus.Our studies on the effects of the polyoma virus were initiated by an incidental observation. Newborn rats wereinjected by various routes with leukemic cell suspensions of AKR mice inan attempt to transplant this leukemiautilizing the phenomenon of acquiredimmunological tolerance. The recipientrats developed leukemia or multicentricmalignant tumors or both. Histologically, the multifocal neoplasms wereidentical with those known to be causedby the polyoma virus. Experimentswere then designed to identify and serially propagate the causative agent.Hemagglutination and hemagglutinationinhibition tests indicated that the causeof these multiple mesenchymal andepithelial tumors was the polyoma virus. This virus, obtained from homogenates of induced rat tumors, was thencultured in vitro using monolayers ofmouse embryonic kidney cells. The oncogenic range of three lines of polyomaviruses was compared: a) virus contained in leukemic AKR suspensions;b) virus cultures obtained from Dr. J.Hartley, N. I. H.; and c) virus culturesgrown in our laboratory. It was observed repeatedly that the tumor response to leukemic AKR cell suspensions was characterized by a multiplicityof primitive neoplasms not seen in re- sponse to cultured virus preparations.The range of induced tumors was considerably enhanced following rapid, serial in vivo passage of the polyomavirus. Furthermore, the oncogenic effects of the three studied virus lineswere dependent upon the routes of inoculation and the age of the recipients.Adult animals were not susceptible totumorigenesis by the polyoma virus.Most tumors developed in rats less thanthree days of age were benign. Undifferentiated mesenchymal tumors wereseen in neonatal rats injected intravenously or those injected in utero.Thus, the degree of histological differentiation of the induced tumors was determined by host factors rather thanfactors of the causative agent.Family Care After a ThousandYears-A Crisis in the Tradition of St. DymphnaBy MATTHEW P. DuMONTPsychiatryThe author spent an academic quarter at the world's oldest family-carecolony for mental patients in Geel,Belgium.The colony's legendary origins revolve about the Irish princess, Dymphna, who was martyred in 700 A.D. byher possessed father as she attemptedto escape his incestuous advances. Pilgrimages of mentally ill patients weremade to her shrine and as the pilgrimsbegan to appear within the homes of thetownspeople, a tradition of family caretook root and has persisted to the present.The colony which has twenty fourhundred chronically ill, psychotic, andmentally deficient patients is now supervised by a staff of psychiatrists. Its continuance is currently jeopardized,however, by sources in the Ministry ofHealth unsympathetic with other thancustodial forms of mental care.The forty-seven families who wereonce in the program but are no longeraccepting patients were interviewedand compared with an equal number offamilies who are continuing to acceptpatients. Factors encouraging familiesto accept patients included a traditionof patient care, rural location, farm orwhite-collar work of modest income,family solidarity, and tractable patients.Eighty per cent of the families nowcaring for patients would accept othersif the current patients were to die orleave. Despite a steadily rising standardof living, the inroads of an industrialcivilization and static levels of remuneration, the tradition is not dying outand would persist if allowed to.Effects of Medium Fatty AcidConcentration, Epinephrine, andGlucose on l-C't-Palmirare Oxidation and Incorporation intoNeutral Lipids by SkeletalMuscle in vitro.By R. PHILIP EATONMedicineThe rate of oxidation of palmitate-1-C14 to C1402 by rat skeletal musclein vitro was shown to increase markedly as a function of the medium concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA).Neither epinephrine nor glucose hadany important effect. The rate of incorporation of palmitate-t-Cl+ into tissue-neutral lipids was also increased byhigher levels of medium FF A. At anygiven concentration of medium FF A,this incorporation was also increased byglucose but was not altered by epinephrine. It is concluded that the deposition of triglyceride that has been reported to occur in muscle after the administration of epinephrine or norepinephrine is due to the effects of these hormones on serum FF A levels and not toa direct effect on muscle metabolism.The profound effect of medium FF Aconcentration on the rate of FF A oxidation suggests that regulation of theserum concentrations of this labile lipidfraction may be of central importancein determining overall rates of bodymetabolism.12 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINA Study of the Kineticsof ErythropoiesisBy EDWARD V. FILMANOWICZ, JR.Medicine (ACRH)Some aspects of the kinetics oferythropoiesis have been studied in order to examine the action of the erythropoietic-stimulating factor, erythropoietin. The transfusion-induced polycythemic mouse was chosen because endogenous erythropoiesis is eliminatedwithout harmful effects to the animal.A purified preparation of erythropoietin, a glycoprotein obtained from plasma of sheep rendered anemic by administration of phenylhydrazine, was usedto stimulate erythropoiesis.The amounts of erythropoietin required for minimal and maximal response, as measured by reticulocytosis,were established. Erythropoietin potency was expressed in units of activity asdefined by Goldwasser and White. Sixunits of erythropoietin, in a single subcutaneous injection, produced a maximal reticulocytosis of 1.3 per cent onthe third day. Decreasing responseswere obtained with decreasing amounts;as little as 0.75 unit was followed by0.26 per cent reticulocytes. The timeand duration of peak response were independent of the dose.Following a single maximum stimulating dose, erythrocyte precursorswere counted in splenic red pulp ofgroups of animals sacrificed daily. Proerythroblasts increased from 0.2 percent of nucleated cells to 0.9 per centin 24 hours. Normoblasts increasedfrom 0.0 to 9.6 per cent in 72 hours.Also of interest was the observationthat more erythorpoiesis occurred subcapsularly than centrally.In order to examine the effect oferythropoietin on proerythroblasts andnormoblasts, a second dose was administered to one group of mice at 24 hourswhen only proerythroblasts were present, and to another group at 48 hourswhen normoblasts were in abundanceand increasing rapidly. In neither instance did reticulocytes appear earlierthan they did following a single dose,nor was the magnitude of reticulocytosis at 72 hours enhanced. From thesedata it is concluded that erythropoietinacts primarily by stimulating differentiation of primitive reticulum, and noeffect on differentiated erythrocyte precursors (proerythroblasts or normoblasts) could be detected. Production of Erythropoietin bythe Isolated Perfused KidneyBy ELIZABETH FORDMedicine (ACRH)Recent basic studies and clinical investigations have supported the thesisof Jacobson, et at. that the kidney is amajor source of erythropoietin, a humoral factor which stimulates erythrocyte production. Various approaches tothis problem have been reported in theliterature. These include nephrectomy,ureteral ligation, irradiation, etc. Themost direct approach has been perfusion of the isolated kidney under various conditions with bio-assay of theperfusate for erythropoietic activity.Reports of such investigations have recently appeared in the European andAmerican literature. However, the present investigator questioned certain aspects of the perfusion technique andbio-assay method employed. Therefore,the purpose of this investigation was tostudy erythropoietin in the perfusedkidney, using a simple in vitro perfusion apparatus and well standardizedbio-assay technique.In an attempt to stimulate erythropoietin production and release, rabbitkidneys were prefused with heparinized,hypoxic, whole rabbit blood for threehours. Control data were obtained byemploying the same method, but usingwell oxygenated blood. A problem arosebecause the perfusion of blood throughthe isolated kidney resulted in the, release of significant amounts of hemolysins as demonstrated by in »itrohemolysis of rat cells by the perfusateplasma. Extraction of the plasma bythe methods developed by Dukes andGoldwasser appeared to eliminate this.The extracted plasma could then be assayed by Fe59-uptake in the starved rator reticulocyte count in the polycythemic mouse. Results of the present investigation suggest that under hypoxicconditions, the isolated, perfused, rabbitkidney produces a heat-stable erythropoietic factor. This finding lends additional support to the hypothesis thaterythropoietin is produced by the kidney.ney.Mechanism of RhodaneseActionBy JOHN R. GREENBiochemistryThe sulfur transferase, rhodanese,catalyzes the reaction: SSO=8 + CN- = SCN- + SO=3. All of these ions,which may be distinguished polarographically using a dropping Hg electrode, give characteristic anodic diffusion currents. In contrast, crystallinebeef-liver rhodanese is characterized bya single, well defined cathodic current.It has thus been possible to determinequalitatively and quantitatively all components of reaction mixtures containingequivalent concentrations of rhodaneseand substrates or products. Reactionmixtures contained initially 0.5 mg ofcrystalline rhodanese and 10-100 m,u.moles of the appropriate ions in 0.1 mlof phosphate-borate buffer, pH 8.7, at250• Rhodanese treated with CN -produced 2 equivalents of SCN- per moleof crystalline enzyme with equivalentdisappearance of CN -. Similarly rhodanese treated with SO=3 produced 2equivalents of SSO=3 per mole of crystalline enzyme with equivalent disappearance of SO=3. Disappearance ofthe cathodic current of the active enzyme occurred in both of these reactions and also when the enzyme wasallowed to denature at 250• In contrast,when rhodanese was treated withSSO=3' no change occurred in eitherthe cathodic current of the enzyme orthe anodic current of SSO=3. The datademonstrate that crystalline beef-liverrhodanese is an enzyme-substrate intermediate containing two activated substrate sulfur atoms per molecule. Theseresults are consistent with a double displacement mechanism of enzyme catalysis.In vitro Effect of Insulin andThyroxine on Protein andNucleic Acid Synthesisof Rabbit BoneMarrowBy THOMAS F. NECHELESPhysiology (ACRH)Bone-marrow function in the intactanimal is known to be under hormonalcontrol. Erythropoiesis, for example, isregulated at least to some extent by thehumoral factor, erythropoietin. However, the role of other general anabolichormones in this tissue has been ill defined. The present study reports somein vitro effects of two major anabolichormones, insulin and thyroxine, onprotein and nucleic acid synthesis andturnover in bone marrow.Fasting young rabbits were sacrificed,myeloid marrow rapidly removed fromboth femurs, sectioned, and incubatedMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINin Krebs-bicarbonate buffer with appropriate C14-labeled precursors. Afterincubation for one hour under 95 percent O2, 5 per cent CO2, the protein ornucleic acid adenine was isolated andpurified. Insulin (0.01 unit/rnl) gave25.9 ± 1.2 (mean ± SE) per cent stimulation in the incorporation of histidine-X-C14 into peptides. Alkali-inactivated insulin was without significanteffect, as was addition of glucose oramino acids. Thyroxine (10-7 M)elicited a 49.4 ± 2.1 per cent increasein amino acid incorporation. Triiodothyronine acted similarly, but diiodothyronine was without significant effect.Although it appeared that the additionof glucose promoted the stimulatoryeffect of thyroxine, incorporation ofgluccse-U'-Cw into peptides was depressed in the presence of this hormone; Response to thyroxine had asharp optimum at 10-7 M with depression of the rate of amino acid incorporation at high concentrations.Insulin also apparently promoted anincrease in net synthesis of both RNAand DNA whereas thyroxine appearedto stimulate primarily DNA synthesis.In addition, incorporation of glycine-2-C14, but not adenosin-s-Ct! into RNAand DNA was markedly stimulated bythyroxine.It is concluded that insulin and thyroxine can increase incorporation ofamino acids into peptides and of certain precursors into nucleic acids ofbone marrow in vitro thus providingevidence for the hypothesis that thesehormones act directly on bone marrowin the intact animal.The Challenge ofHypersensitivityBy LAUREN PACHMANMedicineAlthough the tubercle bacillus and itsrelation to antibody formation has received much attention, many aspects ofthe immunological mechanism are unknown. It is well established, however,that sensitivity to a tuberculin antigen,PPD, can be transferred by leukocytes,but not by whole circulating antibody.In the present study, two methods oflabelling were used in an attempt toclarify the mechanism of interaction ofthe tubercle bacillus with both sensitized cells and known hyperimmunesera. Immune sera were produced inguinea pigs by serial injections of livingRIRv bacilli. The sera obtained fromthese animals was inactivated, pooled, and adsorbed on normal sheep red cells.Titration was done, to demonstrate thepresence of antibody, using sheep cellswhich had been tanned and coated withPPD-RT, according to the method ofBoyden and Sorkin. The whole serumwas then conjugated with fluorosceinthioisocyanate (Coons' technique) andagain titred with the tanned PPD-RTcoated cells in an effort to detect microscopically the antigen-antibody reaction on the red-cell surface. This couldnot be done however because the fluoroscein lysed the red cells. In the nextexperiment, the serum was incubatedwith whole tubercle bacilli which hadbeen effixed to slides in various manners-with heat, methanol, acetone, orformalin. Inactivated immune and normal labelled serum, with and withoutthe addition of complement, was usedand in no case was the specific adherence of the labelled antibody demonstrated. The same negative results wereobtained when the live bacilli wereground on glass beads and then incubated with the various sera. In addition, when the immune serum was fractionated and the gamma and beta components labelled with the fluorescentdye, no adherence was found.The next phase of work will involve1) defatting the bacilli and 2) usingultrasonic vibration to disrupt the bacilliin a final effort to apply the Coon's technique to the tubercle bacillus and itscirculating antibody.In the second series of experiments,the PPD-RT was labelled with p3l andallowed to react with spleen-cell suspensions from normal and recently sensitized guinea pigs (10 days). The cellswere washed and counted. It was foundthat the normal cells took up as muchof the labelled antigen as did the sensitized cells, but that the level of uptakedoubled when either the immune or normal cells were suspended in activesera from the donor animal. This didnot occur when the sera were inactivated. Further work on this is now inprogress.Study of Molecular Specificityby Use of Spread Protein Monofilms at Air-Water InterfaceBy CHARLES Y. C. PAKMedicineBeef, pork, and sheep insulins areknown to differ structurally in aminoacid composition. Previous studies ofinsulin cross-reactions have suggestedimmunologic identity of insulins fromdifferent species. But it is doubtfulwhether any of the usual immunologictechniques permits precise quantitativedetermination of differences in reactionof insulin with antibody.Such quantitation, however, is madepossible by using a new techniqueadapted to measure specific molecularinteraction between the insulin monolayer and serum proteins in the subsolution at the air-water interface.In Tris buffer, the difference in reaction between pork and beef insulinmonofilms was 2 S per cent when thesefilms were reacted with normal bovinegamma globulin, while it was 23 percent between beef and sheep insulinmonofilms with normal human gammaglobulin. The gamma globulin of a diabetic patient receiving insulin reacted3S per cent more with beef- than withpork-insulin monofilm,Species variation could not be demonstrated in McIlvaine's buffer, usingother serum proteins, or with aged solution of gamma globulin.It is presumed that the three speciesof insulin monofilms differ in theirmolecular structure or reactive sites,and that these sites are exposed by unfolding of the molecule at the interface.The behavior of the insulin monofilmstherefore reveals molecular characteristics of the protein which may not beapparent by other methods.Urinary Electrolyte ExcretionDuring and After Cardiopulmonary By-PassSurgeryBy DERALD MAX READESurgeryAlthough the literature on the relationship of surgery and serum electro-14 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINlytes is voluminous, surprisingly fewstudies have been done on urinary electrolytes· during surgery and the immediate post-operative period. The workof others does seem to agree that thereis a post-operative decrease in urinaryexcretion of sodium lasting about fivedays, but the range of values and eventhe average values are not in closeagreement. The cases studied have beenfrom the field of general surgery, thoracic and cardiac surgery, but not openheart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. It has been an impression that patients placed on extra-corporeal circulation tend to lose more urinary sodiumduring the immediate post-operative period than do the usual surgical cases.Twenty patients undergoing cardiopulmonary by-pass for the correctionof various congenital cardiac defectswere studied pre-operatively, duringsurgery, and post-operatively for fivedays. Studies included serum and twenty-four hour urinary electrolytes.Marked increases in sodium, potassium,and chloride excretion were observedin the early post-operative period. Consequently results of the study supportthe clinical impression that electrolyteexcretion following cardio-pulmonary bypass differs from that observed afterother surgical procedures.A Study of the Action and Effects of 5', 5', 5' - Trill uoroleucineon a Mutant of E. ColiBy OWEN M. RENNERTBiochemistryA number of amino acid analogues,such as the fluorophenylalanines, thienylalanine, azatryptophane, azaserine, norleucine, methallylglycine and selenomethionine have been shown to inhibit thesynthesis of proteins by microorganisms. With the exception of selenomethionine, these analogues exert their effectwithout themselves being incorporatedto any significant extent into proteinsproper. Selenomethionine, on the otherhand, can completely replace methionine in the proteins but does not substitute for the cysteine requirement ofthe organism.In the experiments reported here, itcould be demonstrated that 5', 5', 5'trifluoroleucine can substitute in part,in the presence of leucine in proteins,for a leucine-requiring mutant of E.coli and that this organism can beadapted to grow exclusively on trifluoroleucine. Effects of Anterior PituitaryHormones on Metabolismin Adipose TissueBy JOHN L. SKOSEYPhysiologyAdipose tissue has been shown to behighly active metabolically, and muchinterest has been generated in the hormonal control of this metabolism. Theadrenocorticotropic hormone is of special interest, having been shown to be apotent factor in causing the release offatty acids from adipose tissue andotherwise altering adipose-tissue metabolism, independent of the effects it hasupon the adrenal cortex.The effect of anterior pituitary hormones on the utilization of acetate bypaired testicular fat pads of the rat incubated in vitro was studied by measuring the incorporation of radio-acetateinto protein and fatty acid. It was observed that adrenocorticotropic, growth,thyroid-stimulating, and interstitialcell stimulating hormones all inhibitedacetate utilization. The activity of thelatter three hormones was attributedto contamination of the preparationswith adrenocorticotropic hormone.It is not certain whether the effectobserved is another "extra-adrenal effect" of adrenocorticotropic hormone,or if in this instance, metabolism in adipose tissue is being altered in a mannersimilar to that in which metabolism inthe adrenal cortex is altered by thishormone.Comparative Radiosensitivity ofthe Gastrointestinal TractBy RICHARD THOMASONPathologyThe increased use of high-voltage irradiation in the treatment of cancer hasresulted in a need for further evaluation of possible side effects. Although it is generally acknowledged that thegastrointestinal tract is relatively radiosensitive there have been no studies toindicate whether one portion of thetract is more sensitive than another.This study was undertaken to contributeinformation on this subject.Adult, albino Sprague-Dawley ratswere anesthetized and a loop of intestine, either stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum or colon, was exteriorized.The rest of the animal was shieldedfrom irradiation and the individual loopwas given 2000, 3000 or 4000 r from aMaxitron X-ray machine at 250 KVand 30 rna using a I-mm A! and l-mmCu filter resulting in a dose rate of 70 rper minute. Animals were examinedgrossly and microscopically. Comparisons were made of the pathologicalfinding at varying doses, intervals andsegments irradiated.Grossly at the end of twenty days,obstruction of the jejunal, ileal, andcolonic segments irradiated was prominent at the site of irradiation with severe dilatation proximal to this site.This was not observed when either thestomach or duodenum was irradiated,although in all segments peritoneal adhesions were prominent at the site ofirradiation. Microscopically, the I cellulardamage to all segments appeared comparable at comparable doses but notnecessarily at comparable intervals.Mucosal necrosis, submucosal edema,telangiectasia and muscularis necrosiswas seen in all segments at the highestdose of 4000 r. With lower doses, muscularis necrosis was not a common finding. Fibrosis and scarring at the site ofirradiation were common in animalsthat survived for more than one month.This study indicates that all portionsof the gastrointestinal tract are equally radiosensitive, but that death of theanimal is more commonly observedwhen the small intestine is irradiatedbecause obstruction is more easily produced due to the small lumen.Cognitive Activity WithoutAwarenessBy LOUIS W. TINNINPsychiatryA simple extension of previous experiments using hypnosis demonstratesthat cognitive activity can utilize cuesand can proceed without the subject'sawareness.Three university student volunteerswere hypnotized to a deep amnesicMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 15trance by the technique of progressiverelaxation and were instructed in 'theuse of a cue system which would provide the information necessary for solving complex problems in the post-hypnotic waking state. They were thenawakened and tested for recall. Whenamnesia for the trance was confirmedthe subjects were exposed to the cuesystem and the problem was presented:The subjects found that correct answersto the problems emerged spontaneously into consciousness without their beingaware of the cognitive activity involvedin the solution.Several kinds of problems were usedwith varying levels of complexity. Onekind required the solving of mixed algebraic expressions of the first andsecond degrees with two unknowns, theunknown values being presented bycues. Various cue systems were used,some obvious, some disguised. The simplest consisted of a card containing twocolumn of digits, shown to the subjectin the post-hypnotic state. In thetrance the subjects were told that onawakening they would unconsciouslysolve a problem, for which they wouldchoose the proper values of the unknowns from the cue card. In somecases they were told what particularproblem would be posed; in others theywere given only the cue system to beused. Each time they were told that thecorrect answer would come to theirconscious minds when the solution wasasked for. The subjects found that correct answers to the problems emergedspontaneously into consciousness without their being aware of the cognitiveactivity involved in the solution: eitherin the selection of the right digits touse as values for the unknowns, or inthe calculations involved in the solution.BULLETINof the Alumni AssociationThe University of ChicagoSCHOOL OF MEDICINE950 East Fifty-ninth Street, Chicago 37, IllinoisSPRING 1961VOL. 17 NO.3EDITORIAL BOARDJESSIE BURNS MACLEAN, SecretaryWRIGHT ADAMS ROBERT J. HASTEJlLIItJOHN D. ARNOLD ELEANOR M. HUMPHREYSL. T. COCGESHALL HUBERTA LIVINGSTONERICHARD EVANS PETER V. MOULDERWALTER L. PALMER Other problems involved the deci-�.phering of codes, the extension of arithmetic; progressions, and various deductions and ordering of material, all usingguides supplied under hypnosis."In all cases the subjects solved theproblems in the post-hypnotic stateand denied awareness of the mentalactivity involved. The results indicatethat complex cognitive activity can runparallel to, without intruding upon, conscious activity.c Ilw/ftrll! !The Mechanism of NephroticHyperlipemiaBy RICHARD TRACYPathologyIn the condition of nephrotoxic nephrosis in rats, if dietary control iskept rigid by stomach-tube feeding of astandard diet, serum-lipid concentrationis directly related to 1) total 12-hoururinary protein output, 2) alpha-l globulin concentration in serum, 3) alpha-2globulin concentration in serum; and itis inversely related to serum concentration of 1) albumin, 2) beta-globulin,and 3) gamma globulin. These experiments have indicated that subcutaneousadministration of protein taken fromthe urine of nephrotic rats consistentlylowers serum concentration of totallipid in nephrotic rats if the concentration of lipid is high at the onset, butnot if it is low. Injection of urine protein also produces a diminution of totalurinary protein output, affecting the albumin excretion to a greater extentthan it affects the globulins and producing a rise of serum alpha-2 globulins. Ofthese changes following urine injection, the lipemia is consistently correlated only with the urinary albuminexcretion rate. Serum-albumin concentration-changes are always found to be in the opposite direction from those tobe expected if hypoalbuminemia causeslipemia. These effects can be reproducedby injection of egg albumin and bygrowth of a transplantable tumor inthe nephrotic rat. It is concluded that,of all the urine and serum-protein electrophoretic factions that were measuredin this study, the daily urinary loss ofalbumin appears to be the most closelyrelated to the cause of the hyperlipemia.Electron Microscopy of N ephrotoxic Nephritis in the RatBy ROBERT H. WINEMILLERPathologyFor years investigators have inducedkidney disease in animals in their attempts to understand human nephritis.The most widely used technique involves anti-kidney serum. Much controversy exists over the findings.The nephrotoxic serum used herewas a relatively pure anti-basementmembrane-serum instead of the usualserum made against whole kidney. Theserum, produced in rabbits, was adsorbed against rat red-cells and heatedto 56° C. before use. Controls were injected with normal serum. Tissues werefixed in buffered osmic acid, imbeddedin plastic, sectioned, and examined withan electron microscope.The normal and control glomerularcapillary wall consists of 1) a singlelayer of endothelium, a very thin fenestrated coat along the basement membrane, 2) the basement membrane, athin homogeneous strip, and 3) the epithelium, with narrow cytoplasmic "footprocesses," separated by slits, abuttingon the basement membrane.Four hours after injection, areas ofbasement membrane were denuded. Theendothelium was thickened and retracted, and in its place leukocytes adhered to the basement membrane.After eight hours, the basement membrane was focally thickened, due to accumulation of basement membrane-likestrands and amorphous material. Theepithelium had no discrete foot processes, but was a continuous cytoplasmiclayer. Intracapillary platelet-fibrinthrombi were seen. By one to nine daysa remarkable nephritis with alterationsin all layers of the capillary wall existed.This state is judged to resemble that ofhuman post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.16A.O.A. ELECTIONSFour member of this year's' graduating class were elected to Alpha OmegaAlpha when they were juniors. Theyare:Ronald P. MessnerPeter S. RosiBertrand J. ShapiroCharles W. Urschel.On May 15 seven seniors and threejuniors were initiated. The seniors are:'Arthur AuerbachFred CoeIvan DiamondPhilip EatonJerry FeinFloyd FriedJohn Hotchkissand the juniors:Joseph BaronRobert StagmanThomas Stockert.WiIIiam R. Barclay was electedfrom the faculty.Dean H. Stanley Bennett gave theA.O.A. lecture on "The Importance ofMembrane Movements in Cell Physiology."Archie Lieberman took the portraitsof Chancellor Beadle and Dr. Adams,and Charles Pak did the class cartoons.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINDEATHS'91. William'M. Yockey, Decatur, Ill.,January 7, age 92.'97. W. Albert Cook, Tulsa, Okla., December 13, age 85.'98. Fred C. Franke, Forest Park, Ill.,April 22, 1959, age 85.Hiram B. Young, Gurnee, Ill., July 6,age 86. ''99. William N. Keller, Steilacoom,Wash., January 14, age 86.'00. Leo R. Redner, Omak, Wash., April23, age 85.'01. Hamilton Nesbit Morrow, Fremont,Nebr., August 9, age 85.'02. Charles G. Davies, Blue Island, Ill.,April 15, age 85. .Ernst Starr Schmidt, Green Bay; Wis.,August 30, age 86.'03. William Robert Calderwood, SaltLake City, Utah, August 7; age 94.William Albert Clark, Jr., New Wilmington, Pa., August 23, age 81.Findley D. John, Aberdeen, Miss., September 11, age 89.'05. Galen A. Fox, Clearwater, Fla., February 17, age 81.James McBryde Knox, Cedar Rapids,Iowa, September 5, age 81.Ausby L. Lowe, Jr., Robinson, TIl., December 19, age 80.'06. Ora G. Brubaker, North Manchester,Ind., January 28, age 86.Reuben W. Williams, Phoenix, Ariz.,January 25, age 80.'11. Philip Lewin, Chicago, May 13, 1960,age 72.S. Leah Riker Richelderfer, Wasco, Ore.,November 7, age 80.'17. Elmer R. Hancock, Chicago, January 17, age 68. �- -, '20. Wallace Hugh Budge, Spokane,Wash., August 4, age 62.John Clark Hubbard, Price, Utah, October 15, age 70.Julius Kahn, Beverly Hills, Calif., Feb.4, age 65.'22. Anton Hyden, Sioux Falls, S.D.,February 2, age 63.'23. Tell Nelson, Honolulu, November18, age 61.Edmound Lloyd Bernhardt, Milwaukee,Wis., August 11, age 63.Victor Josiah Hays, Chicago, November2, age 70.John V. Lawrence, St. Louis Mo., June12, age 67.'25. Guy Edwin Carlson, Berwyn, Ill.,January 3, age 69. -'26. Julius M. Amberson, Silver Springs,Md., February 18, age 63.'27. Arthur L. Higbee, Detroit, Mich.,June, age 59.Edith E. Norman, Peotone, 111., December 5, age 70.'29. Herman Beuker, Marshall, Mich.,August 7, age 62.'32. Adelaide McFayden Johnson, Rochester, Minn., November 20, age 55.'33. Edward Theodore' Torwick, Springfield, Mo., October 25, age 58.'34. Marion M. Morgan, Montgomery,Ala., January 28, age 63.'38. Richard Henry Callahan, East Chicago, Ind., December 16, age 46.'42. Lucius W. Wimby, Chicago, January 8, age 43.'54. Agatha J. Sobel, Washington, D.C.,June 14, age 40.FACULTYRalph R. Ferguson, Faculty, '04-'09, St.Petersburg, Fla., October 9, age 82.Herman Neils Bundesen, Lecturer, '26,Chicago, August 25, age 78.