Volume 14 WINTER 1958 Number 2EXFOLIATIVE CYTOLOGY IN OBSTETRICS ANDGYNECOLOGYBy GEORGE L. WIED, M.D.Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe cytological technique of cancerdetection has been known since the endof the nineteenth century. It gainedworld-wide publicity in 1887 when apathologist, von Bergman, diagnosed thepresence of carcinoma of the larynxfrom examination of the cells of thesputum of the German Emperor, Friedrich III. The medical council of theEmperor did not believe that a diagnosisof carcinoma was possible from thisstudy of the sputum, especially as aminute biopsy did not show malignancy.The lesion remained undiagnosed and WIEDDr. Wied is a medical graduateof Charles University, Prague, in1945. In 1948 he became directorof cytology at the Free Universityof West Berlin. On a visit toGeorge N. Papanicolaou at Cornellin 1951 he made contacts whichled to his return in 1953 to join ourfaculty.He is the editor of the new journal, Acta Cytologica, the officialperiodical of the InternationalAcademy of Gynecological Cytology. untreated until it progressed to an incurable stage several months later andled to the death of the Emperor.The cytological examinations of sediments of exudates were described asearly as 1908 in a monograph by Koeniger of J ena. Cytological technique didnot attain much publicity or acceptanceuntil 1943 when George N. Papanicolaouand Herbert F. Traut of Cornell University Medical College introduced it as atechnique for the early diagnosis ofuterine carcinoma.Although cytologica l examinations of2 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINALICE DARGAN, ALVINA KAKTINS, and CATHERINE KEEBLER in cytologylaboratory.exudates such as pleural or peritonealfluid, gastric and bronchial washings,sputum, breast secretions, prostatic secretions, and urine have been the subject of more experimental and clinicaltrial within recent years, the originaland intensive interest remains within thearea of gynecological cancer detection.Screening for Cancer ofthe CervixExfoliative cytology for screening patients for carcinoma of the uterine cervix has the following advantages:1) The diagnostic accuracy is higherthan 98%;2) The method may be applied routinely as a general population screeningprocedure on apparently healthy individuals;3) It may be anticipated, as documented by Zinser, that one may detectone subclinical cervical carcinoma in theprocess of screening two hundred twenty apparently healthy women, within therange of usual variations according tothe type of patients; for example, Negropatients exhibit considerably higher incidence than Jewish women;4) The material for cytological examination may be obtained during a routine pelvic examination and does notcreate more problems or take moretime than the pelvic examination itself;5) The preparation of the smears isrelatively easy and does not need to bedone by a physician. Nurses or medicaltechnicians are able to prepare the specimens;6) The routine performance of punchbiopsies on the uterine cervix for cancer detection yields a less useful samplethan the cytological specimen, in addition to being more complicated.Comparison with the other screeningtechniques for cervical carcinoma revealsa much greater efficiency for cytologicprocedure over visual examination withthe vaginal speculum and over colposcopy by Hinselmann as depicted in thegraph in Figure 1. The advantage of exfoliative cytology over all other procedures of detection of cervical carcinoma is that the evaluation can be centralized and does not necessitate anydiagnostic training on the part of theperson who sees the patient, whereas thecolposcopic examination, the Schillertest, the sound test, or routinely performed punch biopsies require specialtraining on the part of the immediateexaminer.When the high rate of pick-up and thediagnostic accuracy of 98% are considered relative to the "curability" ofearly carcinoma of the uterine cervix,namely, practically complete curabilityfor Stage-O carcinomas and approximately 72% for Stage-1 carcinomas as compared with the present over-all curabilityrate for cancer of the cervix of approximately 31 %, such a routine screening isalmost imperative.Diagnostic errors ("false negative"readings) may occur if the cervical lesion is extensive. Due to superficial cellnecrosis of the lesion, smears from extensive carcinomatous lesions often exhibit no, or very few, well-preservedabnormal cells.Endometrial carcinomas are not aseasily or as accurately detected bymeans of exfoliative cytology. This is due to the facts that the specimens forroutine cytological examination are obtained from the vaginal wall, the uterinecervix, and the endocervix, but not fromthe intrauterine cavity, and that theglandular cells of the endometrium degenerate more rapidly than the squamousepi thelial cells of the ectocervix. Ovarian carcinomas could be occasionallydiagnosed in a relatively early stagefrom the cervical smears if the atypicalcells were carried through the tubes. Unfortunately, an early diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma by this means of cellulartransport will remain the exception.Atypical cells shed from ovarian carcinoma are usually found when the lesionhas already caused the occurrence ofascitic fluid: the sediment of the peritoneal fluid reveals then the atypicalcells with a rather high diagnostic accuracy of over 80%.Exfoliative Cytology in Nonmalignant DiseaseExfoliative cytology has usefulness inroutine diagnostic gynecologic studies inaddition to cancer screening, thus offering a useful aid in practically every caseand not only for the patient with subclinical carcinoma.c8.90E�oo;:Ic ......u· .... ,.....j<IJ 8 ..O'os ......rFJx >-<IJ 0.00UCIJ0"0. .._ ......0U<IJ'56iiooSON�8�.... >--�uFIGURE 1S peculum examination of the uterine cervix will help to detect one clinically unsuspected carcinoma in 1180 asymptomaticpatients.Colposcopy (Hinselmann) will help to detect one clinically unsuspected cervical carcinoma in 780 grossly normal cervices.Exfoliative cytology will help to detect oneclinically unsuspected cervical carcinoma in220 patients with grossly normal uterine cervices.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 3Vaginal smear: Luteal phase1. Hormonal evaluationThe vaginal epithelium is more sensitive, and responds more rapidly to theaction of sex steroids than does the endometrium. Vaginal cytology may be repeated many times, even daily, withoutany considerable discomfort to the patient as would be the case with repeatedendometrial biopsies.In the hormonal evaluation of a patient, exfoliative cytology is an economical, sufficiently accurate technique forthe evaluation of ovarian function inpatients with sterility problems, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, amenorrhea, andhabitual abortion. The cytological technique is useful in the determination ofthe effectiveness and duration of theeffect of administered estrogens, androgens, or progesterones.2. Microbiological classification ofthe vaginal floraExfoliative cytology can supplementbacteriological techniques. It will permit a rough microbiological classification which is usually sufficient for use inroutine obstetrical and gynecologicalpractice. In the detection of parasites,Cervical smear: Infection e.g., Trichomonas uaginalis , the fixedand stained cytological smear has ashigh or higher diagnostic accuracy thanthe conventional microscopic examination of a fresh drop of vaginal fluid.Since patients complaining of leukorrheaconstitute a considerable portion of thegynecologist's routine practice, a sufficiently accura te microbiological classification of the vaginal flora is of practicaldiagnostic and therapeutic value.3. Identification of the site of a localinflammatory reaction in vagina,cervix, or endocervixAs there are always three smears(vaginal, cervical, endocervical) prepared on one glass slide, it is obviousthat a comparative evaluation of thepresence of inflammatory cell changes inthese three smears may lead to an identification of possibly present inflamma-Cervical smear: Carcinomatory reactions into those which are apparently localized to either the vagina,cervix, or endocervix or those which areapparently diffuse. In this particularphase the cytological evaluation is madenot only from the actual inflammatorychanges of the epithelial cells, but alsofrom a comparative evaluation of thenumber of leucocytes, their state ofpreservation, and possible histiocytic reaction.With its acknowledged usefulness ofexfoliative cytology as the most accurate, efficient and practical technique ofcervical cancer detection, and with itsadditional applications in the diagnosisand surveillance of therapy of nonmalignant diseases and disorders, exfoliative cytology represents the most useful and versatile laboratory technique inobstetrics and gynecology known at thistime. RESIDENT NEWSFelix Battat (Intern '55-'56) will be withthe Army for the next two years and looksforward to returning to Billings after that.He has finished a year of surgical residencyat St. Luke's Hospital in New York.William R. Bunge (Resident '44) is aMajor in the Army stationed at Ft. Myel',Virginia. He finds his Army service rewarding and he is staying in.Crawford J. Campbell (Resident '46-'48)received a grant from the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation for workat Albany Medical College on "Injuries toEpiphyseal Plate in Dogs."Angelo P. Creticos (Resident '46-'47) ischief of clinical medicine of the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago.Joseph G. Crotty (Intern, '33-'34) hasbeen elected Director of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Good Samaritan Hospital in Cincinnati for two years. He was a FoundingFellow of the American College of Obstetricsand Gynecology.William F. Enneking (Resident '52-'56)received a grant from the Orthopaedic Foundation for work at the University of Mississippi Medical Center on "Histologic andImmunologic Investigation of HomogenousBone Transplants."Meyer S. Fox (Resident '35-'37) of Milwaukee and Harold F. Schuknecht, '40,(Rush) spoke on "Occupational and Traumatic Hearing Loss" at the joint meeting ofthe Chicago Laryngological and OtologicalSociety with the middle section of the American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society in Chicago on January 14.Robert W. Harrison (Resident in Surgery) spoke on "Should a Collapsed (Atelectatic) Lung be Reaerated or Resected?"before the December 6th meeting of the Chicago Surgical Society.Eleanor W. Humphreys (Intern '55-'56)is a second-year resident in pathology atKennedy V.A. Hospital in Memphis.Richard A. Kredel (Resident '36-'37, '41-'42), president of the Los Angeles Radiological Society, will present an address on February 22 at the opening of the tenth annualmidwinter radiological conference sponsoredby that society.Raymond R. Lanier (Intern-faculty '44-'49) of the University of Colorado has beenawarded a contract for science research bythe U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.George Owen (Intern '56-'57) is at Ft.Ord, California.Robert M. Peck (Resident '51-'52) is inthe practice of internal medicine with agroup in Los Angeles. He has three children,Rachel, seven, Raphael, five, and Daniel,three.John A. Petry (Resident '51-'52) is inobstetrical-gynecological practice in FernCreek, Kentucky, just outside of Louisville.The Petrys have two children-Marcia,three, and Mark, one year old.Albert Van Ness (Resident '51-'57) isin private practice of internal medicine inBloomington, Illinois.Bruce Walls (Resident '52-'53) is nowdirector of the psychiatric residency trainingprogram at the University of Tennessee.4 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINE. M. K. GElLING AND IARE OLD FRIENDS-We first met early in 1921 when hecame to work with Professor John J.Abel and to enter our second-year classin medicine at Hopkins. In those dayshe was lean (see photograph) and provided with a shock of brownish hairwhich gleamed with copper tints in certain lights. The problem which he undertook was concerned with the posterior pituitary and it was to this organ andits hormones that he devoted a largepart of the next fifteen years. In additionto holding down a practically full-timeresearch job, Geiling satisfied the requirements for the M.D. degree. Professor Abel was delighted with his workand appointed him to a regular positionon the staff when he was graduated in1923. He was soon made responsible fora good share of the teaching of pharmacology to the medical students.I next heard about Geiling in January,1926, when Professor Abel spoke beforethe Institute of Medicine in Chicago. Hedevoted most of the lecture to his workon the posterior pituitary and its effecton renal function. He brought his talkto a sudden and dramatic climax by telling us that, with the indispensable helpof Dr. Geiling, he had just crystallizedinsulin.I did not see Geiling again until hecame to Chicago as Professor andChairman of the Department of Pharmacology (1936). At that time he was moredeeply immersed in the problem of theposterior pituitary than ever and especially bothered by the possibility of errors due to the extension of pars intermedia cells into the pars posterior. Forsome years he concentrated his effortson the problem of finding and studyingpituitary glands of those animals inwhich there was a clean anatomical separation of the anterior and posteriorlobes. This research sent him to thewhale fishing fleet off the coast of BritishColumbia for blue, sperm, finback andhumpback whales. After these huge animals were killed many hours elapsedbefore the hypophysis could be dissected(or better, excavated). To check on thisdelay as a possible source of error, Geiling then went to the St. Lawrence wherethe beluga whales were caught commercially. As these are relatively smallwhales, the pituitaries were removedfrom them before autolysis had started.In Chicago he and his associates studiedthe pituitary of chickens and armadillos.In these animals, as in the whales, there GElLING in his radioactive gardenis a complete separation of the posteriorlobe from surrounding structures by connective tissue.I was able to help him and his students in the histological analysis ofthese glands. We soon became used toseeing Geiling appear with gallon jars ofenormous endocrine glands from whalesor sea cows. And then, the next we knewhe would be off to Florida where hewas studying living porpoises. Fromthese he obtained milk and all the vitalfluids as well as fresh endocrine glands(obtained from the anesthetized animals) frozen for air transport to Chicagowhere chemical studies were then made.I shall skip hurriedly over this periodand omit recounting the difficulties whichDr. Geiling has accepted an appointment as Visiting Professor ofPharmacology at the Universityof Rochester for the coming academic year.This is conveniently close to hiscomfortable summer home in NewYork. His permanent address afterJuly 1 will be Post Office Box 292,Odessa, New York. His work onDr. Abel's biography will take himfrequently to Philadelphia andCleveland, and we hope to Chicago as well. had to be overcome before it was possible for him to get the tissues from thewhales and porpoises. I also skip overthe hectic five years of war researcheswhen Geiling was the responsible investigator for the Toxicity Laboratory here;in addition, during this time he carriedon extensive studies on the chemotherapy of malaria.In the immediate post-war period Iremember distinctly his perseverance ingetting set up for the biosynthesis ofradioactively marked drugs of plant origin (digitalis, morphine, colchicine, etc.).His aim of course was to use thesetagged drugs to help explain their sitesand modes of action. In this field hewas the real pioneer. Despite all thehandicaps of red tape and frequent difficulties in obtaining the necessary apparatus, and, above all, against the discouraging advice of many scientists, hewas determined to get his radioactivefarm going. In the face of certain pessimistic calculations which led some toprophesy that Geiling could not getenough C14 into the drugs by exposingthe growing plants to C1402, he persistedand, as you know, he and his colleaguessucceeded magnificently in his endeavor:From these examples it is clear thathe is a biologist who has sought, withoutstanding success, those forms ofplant and animal life which would helpMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 5GElLING with DR. ABEL in the pharmacology laboratory at Johns Hopkins in 1921him solve the problems he had tackled.He has received great recognition in theworld of science and in our University,where he was made Frank P. Hixon Distinguished Service Professor in 1941.He has given over twenty years ofservice to the Council on Drugs of theAmerican Medical Association. Thisactivity and his work as a consultant tothe Food and Drug Administrationhave given him comprehensive points ofview that have also contributed to hiswide knowledge of pharmacology. His broad scholarship plus his intense interest in his chosen field have made him adevoted teacher to both medical studentsand the advanced investigators whohave worked with him.He is now writing a Ii fe of his belovedProfessor Abel. This great and modestman, who did so much in the isolationof hormones and in the founding of biochemical and pharmacological science inthis country, always took special pleasure in following Geiling's work. I canstill see the gentle smile on the Profes- sor's face as he would nod approvinglyover something that Geiling had doneor said.As I look back over the years, whenever I think of "Pete" Ceiling, the onecharacteristic that stands out is his irresistible forging ahead despite all obstacles to the solution of the importantand difficult problems which he was investigating.WILLIAM BLOOM, M.D.Charles H. Swift Distinguished ServiceProfessor of Anatomy6 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINA TRIBUTEgrno ).5. jIuckhardtINVESTIGA TOR, SCHOLAR, TEACHER, FRIENDBy LILLIAN EICHELBERGER, M.D.Associate Professor, Departments of Surgery (Orthopedics) and BiochemistryLUCKHARDTClimax came in the life of the late Dr.Arno B. Luckhardt on the winter morning of January 21, 1923. On that "fairnot-cold" (Arno's diary) Sunday morning thirty-five years ago three men metat Culver Hall, the University's physiology laboratory on Fifty-seventh Street.As Dr. Luckhardt lay down on a couchand extended his arm into the air, CarlDragstedt, a young intern who had had some experience administering anesthesia, applied the mask. The tank fromwhich the gas issued was labelled, "Calcrene." It was only 99% pure, havingbeen intended for use in garages as asubstitute for acetylene.Although the three men were familiarwith the effects of the gas on frogs,mice, cats, and dogs, one whiff by aman might mean eternity. The first pa- tient, however, survived the test withoutany effects except a pleasant nap, andother volunteers were recruited. Whilesome slept, their feet were slapped withwrenches and their arms were piercedwith "sterile safety pins," withoutawakening them.Such was one of the giant hours inthe annals of medicine-the discovery ofthe anesthetic properties of ethylene byDr. Luckhardt, Dr. J. Bailey Carter, andyoung Carl Dragstedt. At the time, anesthesia was still primitive, generally administered by nurses. The discovery andintroduction of ethylene, which was thefirst advance in anesthesia since 1847,was the major agent in the developmentof the profession of anesthesiology, leading to refinement of both the machinesand technicians.In addition to the world-wide honorDr. Luckhardt brought to the Universitywith his great discovery, he was a bornteacher. In his prime days of teachingphysiology, he had an elective course atseven o'clock in the morning popularlyknown as "The Dawn Patrol" whichdrew from sixty to seventy students.These students chose at that early hourof the day this instructor. There aremany illustrious and loyal pupils ofArno Luckhardt from that early morning class such as: Carl and Lester Dragstedt, Walter Palmer, Conway Ivy, thelate Everett Evans, Ed Compere, William, Charles, and Brown Scott, CarlJohnson, Walter Booker, AlexanderRush, Leslie W. Freeman, Howard G.Swann, James R. Regan, Louis Moses,Victor Johnson, J. Paynter Holt, et aLDr. Luckhardt was always a great oneto encourage any young student withtalent. He seemed to feel that scienceis a young man's profession, and hewould do everything he could to helpyoung people of promise. He would meetthem on the threshold and help themcross over-with financial aid, advice,inspiration. He always seemed to senseexactly what was needed and he wouldfill that need. And in turn, these beginning scientists, many in number, neverforgot. He became for them a centerthat held. Those who came to this centercarried away new insight and techniques.Throughout his life he kept close contacts with many of these exceptionalstudents. In the lives of these that hehelped so much his influence will neverdecline but will continue to spread likethe ripplets and rings on water.One of the great vitalities of his times,Dr. Luckhardt was at his best as a counsellor and as a restless prober for knowl-MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 7edge. No subject in physiology could bebrought up about which he did not knowall the facts explicitly and all the latestfindings. He had a mind possessed notonly by an irrepressible curiosity, an inexhaustible thirst for facts, a fertile andoften bold imagination, but also a meticulous memory.In 1947 he wrote an article for TheEncyclopaedia Britannica on "The Endocrine Glands." When I stopped in at hisoffice one day he asked me to read thenine pages of script he had written outin long-hand. In covering the early history of the endocrine function he had torecord many investigators and investigations with dates as well as the results ofthe findings. "You know, Lil," he toldme, "I wrote that all straight throughwithout referring to any notes." Ithought to myself, how could it possiblyhave been done?I have that original manuscript in myfiles today, rescued from his waste basket. I also have many reprints and notesfrom Arno-all dated. He always madedated notations. Many times when he gota message from me he would complain:"I got your note, but it wasn't dated. Anote's no note unless it's dated." He hadan old Gladstone suitcase, given to himby his students, on the partition of whichhe had jotted down the dates of everytrip he had taken with it from 1924when he went to Germany as a Rockefeller Fellow to his last journey to Miami Beach where he died last November6, two days after being awarded an Honorary Membership in the American Dental Association.His preoccupation with exact littledata like dates on memos explains hispenchant for precision. In a world thatis never too orderly, he loved the wonderful form of beauty which is found inorder.What counts most in the life of anyman is what he has done and the influence he has had on those around him andupon his era. A true Renaissance man,Dr. Luckhardt's work, character, andwritings substantially benefitted physiology, medicine, surgery, dentistry, andcivilized mankind in general. It is notbeyond reason to guess that ethylene hassaved more human lives than were obliterated by the A-bombs. He was activelyassociated with many scientific societiesand, as could be expected from so expertand prodigious a worker, won many citations, medals, honors, and awards. Inaddition to his classic work in anesthesiology he carried out important researches in the physiology of the spleen; of the DEATHS'90. Deyo Leslie Ramsdell, Kansas City,Mo., September 22, age 90.'91. James F. Morning, Denver, Colo.,November 9, age 89.Joseph Eugene Reichert, West Bend,Wis., November 25, age 95.'95. Thomas Zopher Ball, Crawfordsville, Ind., June 19, age 89.Iegar R. De Vries, Holland, Mich., November 21, age 88.Joseph Ralph Wagner, Palacios, Texas,May 28, age 87.'96. Martin Strand, Chicago Heights, Ill.,November 30, age 83.Frank Rienzi Warren, South Pasadena,Calif., May 28, age 82.'97. Enoch Palmer Webb, Beaver Dam,Wis., June 4, age 86.William Batchelor Whitaker, Chicago,July 23, age 82.'99. Edwin Henry Ehlert, Mayville, Wis.,September 11, age 80.Arthur Lee Hagler, Wauwatosa, Wis.,June 1, age 87.'00. Philip Alfred Krome, Chicago, November 25, age 84.George W. Meisenbach, Plymouth, Neb.,October 2, age 8l.LeRoy Daniel Rockefeller, Long Beach,Calif., November 21, age 84.'01. Roy William Pence, Harlingen, Tex.,October 18, age 79.Francis Fisher Tucker, Daytona Beach,Fla., December 1, age 87.'02. Charles Cyrus Barrett, Princeton,Ill., May 27, age 83.William Lowrie Porterfield, McClure,Ill., July 20, age 77.'03. Wilson Grant Bear, Monroe, Wis.,September 18, age 84.Clark B. Devine, Northridge, Calif., September 3, age 78.parathyroid glands, including the natureof parathyroid tetany; of gastric andpancreatic secretion; of hearing, etc.With the help of his fine medical libraryand his ability to read easily MedievalLatin, he wrote many definitive contributions to the history of medicine, physiology, and dentistry that are of permanent value.Admirable as his gifts and achievements were, it was nevertheless most ofall his personal qualities that will be bestremembered by all who knew him-theendearing charm of his wistful expression; his gentle, subdued manner andkind nature; his consideration for othersand his generous spirit. So as we brieflyre-survey his dedicated life and usefulworks we think of him with affection andcherish his example as a man, as a leaderof our profession, and as one of thetimeless scientists. '04. Clyde Berfield, Toulon, Ill., October18, age 78.Dwight Munro Green, Vista, Calif., August 8, age 78.John Hunt Shephard, .San Jose, Calif.,September 4, age 78.'06. Paul Dean McCarty, Tower, Minn.,April 24, age 73.'09. James F. Cox, Chicago, January 9,age 75.Arthur Stanley Granger, Los Angeles,Calif., August 14, age 76.Edward Allen Oliver, Chicago, November 5, age 74.Orie Chris Yoder, Peru, Ill., November 8,age 77.'10. Frank Henry Harms, Augusta, Ga.,September 15, age 82.Fred Blue Olentine, Vero Beach, Fla.,November 5, age 73.Frank Everett Stanton, Sr., Long Beach,Calif., July 29, age 73.'12. Harry McPherson Brandel, Los Angeles, November 16, age 68.William Henry Olds, Los Angeles, Calif.,July 31, age 70.'13. Oliver Otto Nelson, Madison, Wis.,September 28, age 73.Fred J. Wampler, Bridgewater, Va., April6, age 74.'14. Eldridge Stevens Adams, Los Angeles, Calif., October 18, age 65.William Sullivan Horn, Fort Worth,Texas, December 6, age 69.'15. Carl Randolph Mitchell, Pacific Palisades, Calif., August 9, age 65.'16. Herbert Otto Lussky, Evanston, Ill.,September 26, age 70.'16. John Vruwink, San Marino, Calif.,November 18, age 67.'17. Leslie MacKenzie Maitland, Drake,Colo., October 8, age 73.Arthur Lesley Stotter, Cleveland, Ohio,September 11, age 65.'19. Lloyd Lewis Merriman, Duluth,Minn., November 23, age 67.'21. John Harold Fitzgibbon, Portland,Ore., September 5, age 63.Louis Phaon Gambee, Portland, Ore.,September 8, age 65.'22. Lewis Allison Curry, Topeka, Kan.,August 11, age 63.'24. Dale Donatus Corrington, Tallassee,Ala., July 21, age 59.'25. William Frederick Kroener, Sr.,Pebble Beach, Calif., July 16, age 66.'28. Louis C. Morris, Chicago, February23, age 57.'30. Kinsey Ourant English, Chicago,August 6, age 62.James Alexander Laird, Chicago, October 31, age 70.'34. Ewing Lee Turner, Los Angeles,Calif., July 24, age 5l.'35. Muriel Fuller, Chicago, August 1, age66.Albert Prescott Mathews, Albany, N.Y.,September 21, age 85.'37. Joseph Raimond, New Boston, Ill.,November 19, age 47.Memorial services for Dr. Luckhardt were held on March 15. William W. Scott, '39, was the principalspeaker.8 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINDR. CANNON RETIRESBy ELEANOR M. HUMPHREYSProfessor of PathologyPaul Roberts Cannon, Ph.D. in bacteriology in 1921, M.D. from Rush in1926, Professor of Pathology since 1932and Chairman of the department since1940, retired on September 30, 1957.He was born in 1892 in a manse atLexington, McLean County, Illinois, andhas spent two-thirds of his life in Chicago, studying, teaching, and experimenting at the University.In 1915 he came to the Departmentof Bacteriology to begin his career underDr. Edwin O. Jordan. By the end of1917 he was well on his way to hisPh.D., and, even better, he had met andmarried Joyce Tobin. His degree receded into the future and Joyce had tobe left behind when he entered the U.S.Army. In 1918 he went to Europe andserved as a First Lieutenant in the Sanitary Corps.Home again at the war's end he foundan instructor's stipend could not bestretched farther than can its muchlarger counterpart (in smaller dollars)today. He and Joyce had to make decisions. When his research for his degreewas completed they went South to livefor three years. Joyce saved money whilePaul taught bacteriology at the University of Mississippi. CANNONBack in Chicago Paul Cannon movedfrom the North to the South side ofRicketts Laboratory to combine teachingpathology with work for his M.D. atRush which was followed by an internship and a short term as a locum tenens.In 1925 he joined a department wherehis two predecessors as chairman sharedhis major interest and field of endeavor.Ludwig Hektoen was one of the world'sgreat immunologists; H. Gideon Wellswas an equally great immunochemist,and both were available to listen, tocriticize, and to discuss mutual problems.Teaching was a natural vocation forthe son of a minister, and Paul Cannonexcelled. His experience in morgues, including a term with Erdheim in Vienna,made him a morphologist who saw intissues new problems to solve. In hisresearch he used the techniques and toolsof immunology with added scope, insight, and direction because of his experience in pathology. When he becamethe third chairman of his department in1940 it was especially his elective coursein immunology which sparked the fuses,and many of his now distinguished students were already on their way.It was fitting that his first major honor from a national scientific society should be the Presidency of the American Association of Immunologists. Hispresidential address in 1941 was trulymasterful in its great insight and foresight, and is only today receiving its fullvalidation by techniques not dreamed ofin 1941.It might be said that the recalcitrantrabbit made Paul Cannon an expert onnutrition. Because of the rabbit's shortcomings in consuming low-protein dietspreliminary to immunological experiments, cages filled with Sprague-Dawleyrats began to replace rabbit cages. Theprotein-depleted rat, multiplied by thousands, could in ten to fourteen days testthe biological adequacy of any proteinadded to a standard protein-free diet. Itcould detect biological inadequacy notdiscoverable by chemical means. By thetechnique of specific supplementation,the deficiency could be pinpointed. WithWorld War II under way, the Quartermaster's Department of the U.S. Army,the Office of Naval Research, and manyother agencies and individuals were presenting specific questions, needing quickanswers. Rat projects rolled off the assembly line and among the rewards werehundreds of problems filed for less strenuous days to come.At the same time, Paul Cannon's departmental duties increased. The teaching load became heavier under the accelerated program; collaborative and consultative work, inside and outside theUniversity, increased. Service as consultant to the Secretary of War, War-timePresidency of the American Associationof Pathologists and Bacteriologists, editorial duties on several important journals and reviews, were all parts of thosestrenuous days. It is easy to see why, inApril of 1946, Paul Cannon was honoredby election to membership in the National Academy of Science.With the war's end and deceleration,the white rat became a tool for basicresearch. In the last ten years Paul Cannon has investigated many aspects ofprotein synthesis, among them the rolesof the individual amino acids, the modifying influences of steroid hormones, interrelations of sodium, potassium andtissue proteins. Teaching and helping tolaunch young investigators were, as always, closest to his heart. In the outsideworld, they may be summed up in thealphabet-soup jargon of today: he hasserved the N.R.C., A.E.C., U.S.P.H.S.,N.A.Sc., O. of N.R, Q.D. of A.U.S.,A.M.A., etc., etc., as consultant, chairman, member of committees, boards,panels, councils. And of course editor-MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 9�. �. <Buzman )Barron1898-1957By A. T. KENYON, '26Department of MedicineE. S. Guzman Barron, Professor ofBiochemistry in the Department of Medicine, died on June 26, 1957, at the ageof fifty-eight. Achito, to those who knewhim well, was born on a hacienda in theAndes near the village of Huari, Peru,on September 18, 1898. He was the sonof Sebastian Guzman and Agripena Barron and bore both surnames accordingto Spanish custom. He was one of sevenbrothers. His father educated him athome until Achito was eleven. After atime in preparatory schools, Achito entered the University of San Marcos inLima at fifteen. He received his M.D.in 1924. As the foremost in his class hewas honored by the prize for studyabroad and spent the next two years inStrasbourg and Paris.Achito came to America in 1926 towork at Johns Hopkins under LeonorMichaelis, the master of the measurement of oxidation-reduction reactions.From this time on his life and work tooka new course, the true course for himand accordingly the final one. Previouslyhe had been concerned with gastric secretion, the subject of his first paper in1922 and he was still to deal with themeasurement of bile acids and pigmentsin the blood. His major endeavor lay now,however, with the analysis of the oxidation-reduction systems of the cell andwith the role of enzymes in these systems. Studies with Harrop in 1928 onthe catalytic powers of methylene blueon oxygen consumption and with Michaelis in 1929 on the reducing powersof cysteine served as brilliant entrees tothis new field. He was to dwell long and BARRONfruitfully on the place of sulphydrylgroups in the economy of the cell. Hecame to work at Woods. Hole in thesummer where he used marine forms forhis studies and where he was to continueto develop the comparative approach tohis scientific problems.Achito came to Chicago in 1930. Herewith the support of the Lasker Foundation he established within the Department of Medicine a laboratory asthoroughly dedicated to the fundamentalnature of living things as any anywhere.He provided his skills and his wisdomas a collaborator with many colleagues.The list is very long. We may note workwith C. Phillip Miller on bacterial metabolism (1932), with Baird Hastings onlactic acid (1933-34), with Charles Huggins on the metabolism of the prostate(1944-46), with Leon Jacobson andships are always thrust on men who, likePaul Cannon, can write clearly, makedecipherable charts, and criticize constructively. He will keep his editorshipof the A.M.A. Archives of Pathologyand he still has a small office in the department with his secretary, Miss Alexander, to help him. Friends of the Cannons are happy that they will keep aone-room home in Chicago.The permanent home of the Cannonsis in the lovely Fox River country, theSource of their recuperative power eversince their trailer, minus wheels, was setdown in Art Wayne's thicket, purchasedduring the depression. Forethought and hard work have built a beautiful andfunctional home. A second home in thethicket, designed by Joyce, shelters theirson and daughter-in-law and their grandchildren. The trailer, expanded, is Paul'sstudy with three views, plenty of deskspace, no telephone, and interruptionsonly when grandchildren call or the dinner bell rings. Professor Cannon hasmany papers left to write. Farmer Cannon has many tasks to perform withtractor, hoe, saw, and hammer. PaulCannon cannot stay in "retirement"when his experience and wisdom arecalled for, but he will always return withjoy to that bit of wasteland-the thicket. others on the effects of nitrogen mustards in neoplastic disease (1946-47).There were studies on ionizing radiations, on the properties of uranium, andmasterly reviews on biological oxidationsin 1939, on thiol groups in 1951, on thebiochemistry of cancer with AustinBrues in 1951 among others. In honorof Michaelis he edited Modern Trendsin Biochemistry in 1952, including papers by many of his distinguished WoodsHole colleagues. His friend, Henry BurrSteinbach, our new chairman of zoology,was a contributor.There were many students. DeanCoggeshall tells how in the early daysAchito spent his time with him and otheryoung clinicians introducing them to theelements of biochemistry, always patient, always working with them. Manyof our medical students studied withhim. His graduate students were frommany places. Some came from Peru andelsewhere in South America. Alberto Barron, one of his brothers and now Professor of Biochemistry at San Marcos inLima, was one of them.Achito was greatly concerned with education and with medical education inits broadest sense. He was himself amasterful and systematic expositor ofhis subject as those who heard him inlectures and seminars here know. Hedeveloped a distinguished course for students at the Marine Biological Instituteand became a trustee of this institute.In later years he became indeed a founder of a new medical school in Arequipa,Peru, where he promulgated the fulltime system and sought to establish ascientific school with less pressure forthe training of large numbers of physicians than at San Marcos.There were many honors. He heldhonorary professorships from universities in South America known to most ofus only by the magic of their names: SanMarcos, Trujillo and Arequipa in Peru;Uruguay and Brazil. For service to thestate he was awarded Peru's highest honor, the Order of the Sun, bearing thesymbol of the sun of the Incas.He had close and enduring friendships with many men, but he was neverof the crowd; he could always standalone. He sympathized always with thestruggles of people everywhere for abetter life and extended his hand especially to his countrymen in Peru. Byinstinct and by training he was a citizenof the world, in a spiritual as well as ina temporal sense. With his wife, Cora,and son, Richard, he gave domestic graceto our lives.10 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINRUSH ALUMNI NEWS'04. Archibald 1. Hoyne was presentedwith a certificate for forty years' membership and elected a fellow of the AmericanPublic Health Association at their eightyfifth annual meeting in Cleveland last November.Joseph R. Morrell retired from activepractice and is now in charge of the medicalbranch of the Utah General Depot in Ogden.'13. Ralph H. Kuhns is arranging for the45th reunion of his class this year.'18. Carl T. Olson, St. Petersburg, is oneof three diplomates of the American Boardof Occupational Medicine in the whole stateof Florida.'23. Dorothy Grey of Belfast, N.Y., tellsus that rural and small community practicecontinues to grow heavier with no youngdoctors coming to replace the older ones.Willis Potts discussed "Surgical Emergencies in the New Born" at the Irving ParkSuburban Branch of the Chicago MedicalSociety last January.'25. Ralph W. Gerard, professor of neurophysiology in the Mental Health ResearchInstitute, University of Michigan, gave the33rd Herman M. Briggs Lecture, "Anxietyand Tension," at the New York Academy ofMedicine last February.Alice Phillips, former associate on theLying-in Hospital staff and recently chairman of the Department of Obstetrics andGynecology at New England Hospital, Boston, has been appointed director of medicalservice at Mary Thompson Hospital in Chicago.Libby Pulsifer, Rochester, New York,wishes the class of 1925 could get togetherfor a day. Why not plan for 1960-the 35thanniversary?'26. Harry A. Gussin visited his son, Zave(J.D. '56) who is now First Lt. in the JudgeAdvocate's office, Washington, D.C. Dr. Gussin welcomed the arrival of his grandson,born October 28,1957.'27. Alexander Brunschwig, professor ofsurgery at Cornell, recently returned fromDurban, Natal, South Africa, where he presented lectures and operative demonstrationsduring the Congress of the Medical Association of South Africa.Isaac M. Felsher was elected to the vicepresidency of the Chicago DermatologicalSociety last January.Hilger Perry Jenkins is president of theCentral Surgical Society.'28. Louis F. Plzak is in practice of general surgery and associate professor of clinical surgery at the Stritch School of Medicine. The rest of the family is at the University of Chicago. His son, Louis, J r., is asenior medical student, daughter Janice is asophomore medical student, daughter Lindastudies the sciences, son George is a premedical student, and wife Janice is studying for amaster's degree in pharmacology and at thesame time is engaged in research at the Aviation Air Force Department.John P. Wood retired from the Navy lastJune after thirty years of service and is nowpracticing radiology in Quincy, Illinois.'31. Henry Harkins, professor of surgeryat the University of Washington, was a guest LETTER FROMKANSASEdward F. Steichen, '31, Lenora,Kansas, writes us:"I have spent all my twenty-sixand-a-half years since graduation inthis community promoting the 'Family Doctor' legend, of giving medicaland surgical care to anyone in need,as distinguished from routine mechanical medicine. I have enjoyed giving preceptor training to seniors ofthe University of Kansas MedicalSchool Plan."Our eldest son is a priest, nowstudying Canon Law at the AmericanCollege in Rome. We will visit himnext summer. Our daughter is a nun,now teaching music at Mt. St. Scholastica Convent at Atchison, Kansas.Our youngest son is finishing highschool. He is inclining toward medicine and states he wants to be withpeople so he can help them. This is hisdefinition of a 'Family Doctor.'"My wife and I enjoy our tripswith the Flying Physicians and theFlying Farmers."I hope some medical studentsreading this will see what a rich reward can be had being a 'FamilyDoctor' away from the medical concentration clinics."speaker at the annual meeting of the Southern California Chapter of the American College of Surgeons held in Palm Springs lastJanuary.Harold C. Wagner is president-elect ofthe Chicago Allergy Society.'32. Ying Tak Chan is a staff member ofthe V.A. Hospital, Rehabilitation Division,Excelsior Springs, Missouri. Her work iswith physical medicine and rehabilitation.'33. Charles 1. Dunham, director of thedivision of biology and medicine of theAtomic Energy Commission, received theDistinguished Service Award of that commission at its second annual awards ceremony in Washington last December.'34. Margaret E. Tucker is home on furlough from Ludhiana Christian Medical College in Punjab, North India, where, since1952, she has been professor of radiology.She will return in June.She is visiting her mother, Dr. EmmaBoose Tucker, and her brother, William B.,'33 (South Side) who is director of theTuberculosis Service of the Veterans Administration in Washington. She has twoother brothers, both physicians-Francis C.practices pathology in Cedar Rapids, Iowa,and Arthur S., of Cleveland, is a radiologist.The father of this distinguished family,Francis F., '01, died November 30 at theage of eighty-seven.The elder Tuckers served for nearly fortyvears as medical missionaries in China. Afterreturning to the United States in 1942 to "retire" they continued to work at PineMountain Settlement School and Hospitalin Harlan County, Kentucky, until 1951. Inrecent years they have lived in DaytonaBeach, Florida. Dr. Emma will make herhome in Chevy Chase, Maryland, with herson, Bill.'37. William S. Klein is a chief of theTuberculosis Service, St. Louis Area Medical Office of the Veterans Administration.Thomas W. Reul, Watertown, South Dakota, is in general practice and interested ininternal medicine.'39. Emma G. Burt is attending the University of Michigan School of Public Healthat Ann Arbor, Michigan.Bearl 1. Ginsburg has been practicingobstetrics and gynecology in Los Angeles forthe last eleven years. The Ginshurgs havethree children.'40. Harold F. Schuknecht, Detroit, gavethe annual Samuel B. Westlake Lecture atthe Jewish Hospital Medical Center in St.Louis in December.'41. Talbot S. Blake is now at the NavyHospital in San Diego, in the department ofurology. He hopes to move his family toLa Jolla soon.MEDICAL ALUMNIHISTORY NOTESam Banks, '34, has supplied an addendum to our "Short History" printedin the Directory:"The Alumni Association held its firstmeeting in June 1934, as the final meeting of the class of 1934. This was the firstsizeable class in the medical school andwe were the first to be organized andhold regular meetings."William Beswick was president a,ndI was secretary-treasurer. It was throughour efforts that we formulated plans forthe first Alumni Association meetingheld at International House."Our class selected Normand Hoerr,'31, to be the first president of theAlumni Association. I was responsiblefor having the key originally designed bythe father of Hilger Perry Jenkins, following which it was given to membersof the resident staff and after it hadbeen altered (with the approval of theadministration) it was adopted as theOfficial Key of the Association."Dallas B. Phemister was presentedwith a key at this first meeting so thatthe precedent was set at that time andis now a yearly feature of the AlumniAssociation-namely, the presentation ofkeys to outstanding alumni. Therefore,the key was adopted in 1934, not 1944."MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 11ERRATA FORDIRECTORYFACULTY NEWSA few errors in the Directory, somedistressingly obvious, have come to ourattention. The corrections are listed below as the entries would be made in theDirectory so that you may clip and pastethem on one of the blank pages of yourcopy.Enter:*CALLIS, HENRY ARTHUR, '21 (Rush), MAB'40 Assoc. Prof. Emer., Howard V.,1943 Vermont Ave., N.W., (1) (2306 ESt. N.E., 2), Washington, D.C., AM,Gift. (listed as Harvard University inerror)CARMICHAEL, HUGH THOMPSON, Faculty,'35-'43, P&N-AB'35, Cl. ProL, U. ofIll. 30 N. Michigan Ave. (2); 912 S.Wood St. (12) (5717 Blackstone Ave.,37), Chicago.*CLAY, ERNEST H., '25 (Rush), GP, 1217W. Whittier Blvd., Montebello, California; (345 E. Grande Vista St., Whittier),AM.JENKINS, DAVID M., '34 (Rush), 203 N.Main St., Bloomington, Illinois. (listederroneously in Chapel Hill, N.C.)KRONFELD, PETER CLEMENS, Faculty, '28-'33, Oph-AB '31 Prof., U. of Ill., 109 N.Wabash Ave., Chicago 2 (914 Cherokee,Wilmette) .*MILLER, NEWTON, '24 (Rush), 231 N.Main St., Porterville, Calif., AM, Gift.*SCHOOLNIC, JACOB WOLFE, '31 (Rush),M( Al )-AB '52, 130 West Fifth St., AM(604 McKinnon Ave.), East Liverpool,Ohio.*SHACHTMAN, JOSEPH M., '36 (Rush),M(Cv)-AB '46, 6423 Wilshire Blvd.,Los Angeles 48, Calif. (Erroneous spelling)Delete:PEERS, ROBERT, Oakland, California. (Erroneous duplicate listing for R. P. Buckley, Duluth, Minnesota).William E. Adams has been appointedto the Advisory Committee on Tuberculosisfor the Illinois Department of Public Welfare.. Three of the four guest speakers at theMid-winter Clinics of the Colorado StateMedical Society held in Denver in February were William E. Adams and HowellWright of The Clinics and Byron Francis,'29-'38, of Seattle.Wright Adams is general chairman of animportant international symposium on thepulmonary circulation presented by the Chicago Heart Association March 20-22. On thecommittee are Emmet Bay, Rush '23, Benjamin Gasul, Rush '24, Ormand Julian, '37,Peter V. Moulder, '45, and George Wakerlin, Rush '29.Alf Alving and C. Phillip Miller, Rush'19, were elected Fellows of the New YorkAcademy of Sciences. This honor is conferred upon a limited number of memberswho have done "outstanding work towardthe advancement of science."J. Garrott Allen is the editor of Extracorporeal Circulation, the proceedings of theconference held last September by the UnitedStates Public Health Service in Chicago.Peter V. Moulder, '45, and Lillian Eichelberger presented one of the major papersfrom their laboratory. John Perkins andWilliam E. Adams participated in the conference discussions.John Arnold, '46, spoke on "The Natureof Lupus Erythematosus" at the Januarymeeting of the Chicago Rheumatism Society.A pilot study conducted by William G.Beadenkopf and associates is the basis fora project to study the relationship betweenhardening of the arteries in the human heartand man's activity and other environmentalfactors. This is a cooperative venture of theNew York State Health Department andAlbany Medical College.Ross S. Benham spent the month of February as a Fellow of the China MedicalBoard at the School of Tropical Medicineat the University of Puerto Rico.William Bloom and E. M. K. Geilingparticipated in the program of the Milwaukee Academy of Medicine on December 7,and Austin Brues was moderator of a question-and-answer period at the same meeting.M. Edward Davis, Rush '22, is presidentelect of the American Association of Maternal and Infant Health. He is also editorof the Association's Bulletin of MaternalWelfare.Robert J. Hasterlik, Rush '38, spent theautumn quarter in the Biophysics Divisionof the Royal Cancer Hospital in Londonworking on a study of long-term effects ofradiation on bone.Paul C. Hodges participated in a paneldiscussion on bone tumors at a joint program of the Atlanta Society of Pathologists,the Georgia Association of Pathologists, andthe Southeastern Region of the College ofAmerican Pathologists in Atlanta in March.Charles Huggins has been appointed amember of the newly formed scientific advisory committee to Roswell Park MemorialInstitute, a cancer research center and hospital maintained by the New York State Department of Health in Buffalo. Russell H.Morgan, '40-'52, of Johns Hopkins, is alsoa member of this committee.Nathaniel Kleitman was made an honorary member of the International Society forthe Study of Biological Rhythms at its biennial meeting at Semmering, Austria, lastsummer.The University Press has announced thepublication of Stephen Polyak's book, TheVertebrate Visual System, left unfinished athis death in 1955. Heinrich Kliiver, his devoted friend and colleague, assumed the taskof completing the 1390-page volume withits ten thousand references and over fivehundred illustrations. In recognition of hisaccomplishment, the Committee on Publications in Biology and Medicine of the Presshonored Dr. Kluver at a dinner on February 14 at the Quadrangle Club.Peter C. Kronfeld, '28-'33, was guestspeaker at the annual clinical conference ofthe Chicago Ophthalmological Society inChicago in February.Geraldine Light spoke at the PrimeraJ ornada N acional de Anestesiologia held inGuadalajara, Mexico, in November.John R. Lindsay spoke on "The Management of the Dizzy Patient: The Contribution of the Otologist" in December beforea joint meeting of the Chicago NeurologicalSociety and the Chicago Laryngological andOtological Society.John W. Loop, Resident '53-'54, has returned to The Clinics as instructor in radiology. He spent last year studying in Europeon a fellowship from the Swedish government. He brought back a wife, M. Teorell,who is now a sophomore medical student.Clayton Loosli, '37, has been appointeda member of the Committee on AsiaticInfluenza of the Chicago Medical Society.C. Phillip Miller, Rush '19, was appointed a member of the Executive Committeeof the Division of Medical Sciences of theNational Research Council.Russell H. Morgan, '40-'52, of JohnsHopkins, has been appointed radiation consultant to Surgeon General Leroy E. Burney.John F. Mullan and Joseph P. Evansdiscussed "Malignant Disease of the SpinalExtradural Space" before the Chicago Neurological Society on February 11.Robert G. Page, assistant professor ofmedicine, has been appointed assistant deanof the Division of Biological Sciences incharge of medical curriculum.H. Burr Steinbach was appointed a member of a special committee to advise theNational Science Foundation on problemsof support of natural history museums.Paul Talalay won the 1957 TheobaldSmith award of the American Associationfor the Advancement of Science for his discovery and isolation of enzymes which govern the body's utilization of sex hormones.Dr. Talalay has received a life-time grantfrom the American Cancer Society to pursuehis studies.David Talmage spent the winter quarterworking in the biochemical laboratories atthe California Institute of Technology withDan Campbell, Ph.D., '35. REUNION INSAN FRANCISCOAl Rider, '44, is arranging a gettogether in San Francisco in June whenthe American Medical Association meetsout there.The date is Thursday, June 26, at theSheraton Palace Hotel-cocktails anddinner. Send your check for $6.00 to:Dr. J. Alfred Rider,c/o Western Regional Alumni Office,717 Market Street, Room 322,San Francisco 3, CaliforniaRemember the fine meeting Al M.C.'dfour years ago? As usual, wives arecordially invited.12 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINGRADUATE NEWS'32. Arthur J. Vorwald, Wayne University, will direct a summer institute in radiation biology for high-school teachers of science under a grant from the National ScienceFoundation.'36. Bernard G. Sarnat, now in practicein Beverly Hills, California, received theSenior Award for 1957 from the Foundationof the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.'38. Clinton L. Compere is president ofthe Chicago Orthopaedic Society.'42. Ed Woodward was appointed professor and head of the department of surgeryat the University of Florida College of Medicine in Gainesville on September 1, 1957.'43. Robert M. McCormack was promoted to professor of plastic surgery at theUniversity of Rochester Medical School lastJuly.Fenton Schaffner has left Chicago to become research associate in gastroenterologyat Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York.Robert G. Weiner and his wife Betsy,'44, are enjoying Halstead, Kansas, a villageof thirteen hundred people about thirty milesfrom Wichita. Robert is associated with theHartzler Clinic and Halstead Hospital in internal medicine.'44. George L. Nardi, of Boston, participated in the Third International Symposiumon Radioactive Isotopes in Austria in J anuary and on his return stopped in Manchester, England, to deliver a lecture at theRoyal Infirmary on "Recent Developmentsin Pancreatic Obstruction." In early February he presented "Pathophysiology of HiatusHernia, Complications and Treatment" onthe postgraduate program on the pathophysiology of the alimentary canal at theUniversity of California. Later in the monthhe was host for the annual meeting of theMid Century Surgeons Club and presenteda paper on pancreatitis and spoke to the Society of University Surgeons on "Some Observations on Hepatic Flow in Man."'45. Ralph F. Carlson is practicing thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and endoscopy in Evansville, Indiana.Harry W. Fischer, Iowa City, is associateprofessor of radiology at the State University of Iowa School of Medicine. He wantsto encourage ten- to twenty-year reunions;says they work well at Iowa.Edward N. Horner, San Marino, California, has been appointed assistant clinicalprofessor of obstetrics and gynecology at theCollege of Medical Evangelists.The Warren Wilmers, Burlingame, California, announce the arrival of a daughter,Heidi Lynne, on October 18.'47. J. R. Barberio left the surgical staffof Fresno V.A. Hospital and entered practiceat Oceanside, California, last September.Robert G. Frazier is leaving the StateUniversity of Iowa to become assistant tothe Executive Secretary of the AmericanAssociation of Pediatrics on March 15. Hewill live in Evanston, Illinois.Eugene A. Weber, West Covina, California, has been in private practice of internalmedicine since 1955. He was married in 1950and now has four children, ages six to one,who keep things lively. Nearby are Ed Horner, '46, and Newell Johnson, '50. '48. Charles Buhrow became a diplomatein radiology last September. He is deputychief and senior surgeon at the U.S. PublicHealth Service Hospital, Baltimore.Walter Lawrence, Jr., is practicing general and neoplastic surgery in New YorkCity. He has staff appointments at the Memorial Center for Cancer and the New YorkHospital.Ernst R. Jaffe, Leonia, New Jersey, aftercompleting a two-year research fellowship,has remained on the full-time faculty of theAlbert Einstein College of Medicine with therank of assistant professor.We have just heard that Robert T. S. Jimis a patient in the Leahi Hospital for Tuberculosis in Honolulu. May his visit be brief.'49. Charles Bacon, Coldwater, Michigan,recently opened a private practice of generalsurgery. He is certified by the AmericanBoard of Surgery.'51. Ralph M. Stephan finished residencyand is now in the private practice of obstetrics and gynecology in Tampa, Florida.He has two children, a girl, one, and a boy,four years old.'52. Robert S. Cox is a diplomate in clinical pathology with honors and in anatomicpathology in 1957. He is chief of the researchand development service and chief of clinical pathology at the Letterman Army Hospital in San Francisco.Paul M. Grissom is now assistant chiefin psychiatry at Lackland Air Force Hospital in San Antonio. His wife "Julie" (Elizabeth) B.A., '48, B.S., '49, died on October 8,1957, following Caesarian delivery of theirson, Marc.Kenneth Hayes, San Jose, California,is in private practice of internal medicine.The Hayeses have three children.Irwin Rich, Chicago, entered practice oforthopedic surgery last July and is on thestaff at Michael Reese Hospital. He has twochildren-son, Joshua, born in December,and daughter, Deborah, two years old.'53. Carl Ebersole, Tucson, Arizona, hasbeen in the practice of anesthesiology sincelast June.Robert Edwalds, Galesburg, Illinois, ischief of the intensive treatment service atthe Research Hospital where Tom Tourlentes, '47, is superintendent. Since last yearthe Edwalds family has increased to fourtwo girls and two boys. Bob delivered apaper at the New York division meeting ofthe A.P.A. in November and saw HermanWolfson, '53, who is practicing pediatricsin Newington, Connecticut.Marjorie Montague, Seattle, is now Mrs.Wesley M. Wilson. Her husband is M.S. inBusiness Administration, U. of C., 1954.Eric F. Sharton, Boston, is in the practice of internal medicine and an instructorin medicine at Tufts University. He teachesthird-year students at Boston City Hospital.They have one year-old son.Marvin Weinreb completed residency indermatology at the New York Skin andCancer Institute and opened a private practice in Hayward, California. His wife, Ilene,and two daughters, Rachel and Debbie, likeCalifornia.'54. Jim Keasling is a second year resident in surgery at St. Luke's Hospital in San Francisco. The Keaslings now have' aboy seven months old. Jim sends best wishesto 1954 graduates still at The Clinics.The Albert Levys announce the arrivalof their son, Daniel, on July 11. The wholefamily is in Chicago and Albert has resumeda pediatrics residency at Bob Roberts.Alvin Mesnikoff last year was chief resident in psychiatry at the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, and onJanuary 1 was appointed senior clinical psychiatrist on the staff of New York StatePsychiatric Institute and to the faculty ofP. and S. He plans also to open a privatepractice this year.'55. Arnold K. Brenman was married inMay, 1957, to Jeannette Kmetz of Philadelphia. Arnold is in the Army as chief pediatrician at Rodriquez Army Hospital in SanJuan, Puerto Rico.Martin Flax is in the Air Force, assignedto the Armed Forces Institute of Pathologyas chief of the biophysics section. JonathanDavid Flax, his second child, was born onJanuary 30.E. Jack Harris is now married and live,on Long Island.David L. Singer, Boston, is a senior resident in medicine at Beth Israel Hospital. InJuly he will have a fellowship with an endocrine group at the same hospital.Thomas F. Ednie, Presque Isle A.F.B.,Maine, and his family, two boys and thethird one due in March, are enjoying theirstay in the Potato and Ice Country. Tomhad accepted a regular commission in theAir Force and has recently been awarded theaeronautical rating of Flight Surgeon.Richard Woellner married MargaretGraham, a medical social worker fromMinneapolis, on December 28. Richard is inPensacola with the Navy on the staff of theSchool of Aviation Medicine.'56. Eugene Anderson, New Orleans, willreturn to The Clinics in July to completeresidency in medicine.Edgar C. Bristow III is a surgeon at the39th Infantry at Fort Lewis, Washington.Nelson Moffat, '55, is also there.Dorin S. Daniels is taking a one-yeargeneral-practice residency at St. VincentHospital in Portland with the aid of $1,000Mead Johnson Award for graduate training.He plans to settle in Vale, Oregon.Erl Dordal is a resident in surgery at theGundersen Clinic, La Crosse, Wisconsin. Hewill return to The Clinics July first as aresident in internal medicine.Robert Druyan, after "a delightful yearat the Brigham," will spend the next twoyears at the Naval Medical Hospital inBethesda, Maryland, in research.Dean Miller began a general practice inMonroe, Wisconsin, in February.Alan M. Weintraub completed internship at the University of Pennsylvania inJuly, and is now Lt. in the Navy, stationedat Main Naval Dispensary, Washington,D.C.Perry Zevin is a Captain in the Armystationed in Korea. He is a surgeon of the1st Battle Group, 7th Cavalry, 1st Division.'57. Richard Cole, Chicago, was marriedto Fern Feltinton on June 17, 1957.MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 13Junior JEAN STIEGLITZ in the chernistry laboratory, a medical counterpart ofher late grandfather, Professor and Chernistry Chairman Julius Stieglitz.Senior BARBEE and Intern PULERWITZmanage the New Emergency Room at night.Seniors TED SCHULMAN and FRANK·LIN STAR assisting WILLIAM KABISCHin Gross Anatomy.Sophomores in histology laboratory: LE·LAND HAWKINS, ROBERT MURPHY,DUANE TAEBEL, and CLAUDE GIONET·TI.Sophomore RANDY SEED engrossed inmicroscopic studies.14 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINREPORT FROM THE DEAN OF STUDENTSFreshmen LAUREN PACHMAN, ARTHUR AUERBACH, ROBERT PERLMAN, BRIANGALLAGHER (Ph.D. candidate in biopsychology), PHILIP EATON, and HARLAN GEPHART convinced (with absorptions but perhaps without comprehension) by one of thefamous PERKINS' demonstrations.STUDENT LOANSThe soaring expenses of medical education in a world of high costs is reflected nowhere more dramatically thanin the ever-increasing need for financingaid to students.In 1950 funds for this purpose totaled$22,775. Today we have $106,825, andwe could use at least twice that much.On January 1 there was less than $6,000on hand for new loans.The summer quarter, 1958, will bringnew demands. Then, for the first time,our seniors will begin a four-quarter finalyear of study, and medical tuition willbe increased to $1000 a year.Since 1950, of six new loan funds,four have been created through the direct efforts of medical alumni. Withoutthem, we should be in a sad state indeed.The first of these funds, established inApril 1950, is the Basil C. H. HarveyLoan Fund. It has grown steadily inthese eight years and is now our secondlargest loan fund-$21,670.00.In December 1950, Carl G. Johnson,Rush '22, of Long Beach, California,established a new loan fund.The Medical Alumni Loan Fund began four years ago with a treasury giftof $2,860 from the Medical Alumni Association. Life membership dues, interest on bonds held by the Association, andindividual gifts from alumni have increased the fund to $14,319.The fourth of these alumni-inspiredloan funds was established just this pastNovember in honor of Paul R. Cannon,Rush '25, on the occasion of his retirement from the University.With the continued loyal and generoussupport of Medical Alumni, I look forward to the day when capable and deserving medical students can borrow asmuch as they need to finance their medical education at our University.]. ]. CEITHAMLFRESHMAN CLASS-19S7On October 2, 1957, the Class of 1961came to our campus for the first timeto begin a three-day orientation programto the formal beginning of medicalstudies. This superb class of six womenand sixty-six men was selected fromeleven hundred applicants and is composed of representatives of forty-threeuniversities and colleges.Our own undergraduate College, asexpected, contributed the largest number of students-fourteen. Four studentscame from Stanford and from Oberlin, and three from St. Olaf College - inNorthfield, Minnesota. The complete listof all schools represented is:Augustana (Illinois)Beloit College (2)Brooklyn CollegeUniversity of California(Los Angeles)Carleton College (2)Central State College(Oklahoma)University of Chicago (14)Columbia UniversityCornell UniversityEarlham College (Indiana)Eastern Illinois State CollegeHarvard University (2)Hiram College (Ohio)Illinois CollegeUniversity of Illinois (2)University of IowaJohns Hopkins UniversityLawrence College (Wisconsin)Luther College (Iowa)Middlebury College (Vermont)Mount Holyoke CollegeNebraska Wesleyan UniversityNorth Central College (Illinois) (2)Northwestern University (2)Oberlin College (4)Ohio State UniversityPurdue University (2)St. Joseph's College (Indiana)St. Olaf College (3)Seattle UniversitySouthern Illinois UniversitySouthern Methodist UniversityStanford University (4)Swarthmore CollegeTufts College (2)Walla Walla College (Washington)Washington University (St. Louis)University of WashingtonWellesley CollegeWheaton College (Illinois)University of WisconsinCollege of Wooster (Ohio)Yale UniversityThe average age of the entering freshmen was twenty-two years and forty-twomembers of the class were either twentyone or twenty-two when they enteredour medical school. The age spread wasfrom nineteen to twenty-nine.The college scholastic records of thesestudents reflect the excellent intellectualcalibre of these young men and women.Although there were a few in this groupwith C+ grade averages and an appreciable number with B-, over two-thirds(52) of the class had college averages ofB+ and higher. This was a pleasant surprise to the Admissions Committee because their selection had been made' onpersonal qualifications as well as academic achievement.Of the entering freshmen, fifty-six hadBachelor's degrees; in addition four wereMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 15Freshmen ROBERT CAPLAN, LAMPIS ANAGNOSTOPOULOS, and ALBERT BROWNLEE learn that there really are holes in the head.Masters of Science and one is a Ph.D.in a basic science.Well over half the students (44) camefrom families in which one or the otherof the parents had graduated from college. One third were of families in whichneither parent attended college, and onethird in which both parents had graduated from college.Of the six women in the class, one ismarried. Of the sixty-six men, thirteenare married and five of them each hasone child. Incidentally, twelve of themen are veterans who have served acombined total of thirty-two years inthe United States Army, Navy, and AirForce.Three of our freshmen are of foreignbirth (Greece, Germany, and Korea),although all three are now American citzens and all three received their premedical training in this country.They come from a wide diversity offamily backgrounds. For example, thefathers of these students are engaged ina broad spectrum of different occupations in the fields of the professions,business, and labor. There are includedin this group fourteen doctors, five engineers, five merchants, four college professors, four dentists, three lawyers, twofarmers, two mechanics, a banker, a bank examiner, a high-school teacher, ahigh-school principal, a public-school superintendent, a minister, an Army officer,a toxicologist, a postal worker, a pharmacist, a machinist, as well as a numberof different kinds of office workers,skilled and semi-skilled laborers, and thelike.Furthermore, although the majorityof the mothers (50) of these freshmenare housewives, ten are elementaryschool teachers and two are practicingdoctors and two more are secretaries.Others of these mothers include a nurse,a dental receptionist, an assistant to atax collector, and a department-storebuyer.From this heterogeneity of family andacademic backgrounds have come theseventy-two fine young men and womenwho constitute the Medical Class of1961. They have now completed theirfirst academic quarter of study and bytheir excellent performance both in andout of the classroom have already justified the many long hours of deliberationspent by the hard-working and conscientious Committee on Admissions intheir selection.JOSEPH]' CEITHAMLDean of StudentsDivision of Biological Sciences COULTER DIESAs we go to press, we have news ofthe death, March 17, of Merle C. Coulter, Associate Dean of the Division,after a prolonged illness.DEATH OFDR. HARVEYOn Saturday, February 15, Basil C.H. Harvey died in Billings Hospital. Hewas eighty-three years old. He is survived by a daughter, Mrs. Thomas G.Kindel of Grand Rapids, Michigan.He was a teacher of anatomy at theUniversity since 1901 and Emeritus Professor since 1940.As the dean in charge of medical students' affairs from 1923 to his retirement and again for a year during thewar, he is known to more of you thanany other member of the Universityfaculty.Memorial services for Dr. Harvey willbe held in Bond Chapel at 4 :00 P.M.on April 7. The speakers will be DeanL. T. Coggeshall, Rev. Granger E. Westberg, Percival Bailey, and Peter P. H.DeBruyn.16 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINABOUT YOUR DUESAMERICAN MEDICALEDUCATION FOUNDATIONContributions to medical educationthrough the American Medical Education Foundation have proved of greatbenefit to our medical school.Earmarked contributions are turnedover to the designated medical schoolsintact. Un designated gifts are pooled anddivided evenly among all eighty-five medical schools in the United States.Many physicians prefer to have theircontributions for medical education apply to their own schools. The AmericanMedical Education Foundation is willing to accept such assignments, and lastyear the American Medical Associationmatched earmarked as well as unearmarked funds before distribution.The amount of earmarked contributions for The University of Chicago hasrisen from $3553 in 1953 to $15,272 in1957. This is a substantial portion of allgifts from medical alumni.; '.f.. gift to the American Medical EducifhQ,n Foundation may be earmarkedfor'-a' particular school any time duringthe year in which it was made. For instance if you have already made a contribution and you wish now to have itallocated to The University of Chicago,the American Medical Education Foundation will honor your request as longas it reaches their hands before December 31,1958, the day before the distribution of funds is made.1958 REUNIONJUNE 12On Thursday, June 12, the evening before Convocation, the Medical Alumniwill gather to do honor to the graduatingclass.The Rush class of 1908 is invited tocelebrate its fiftieth anniversary reunionwith us.John Van Prohaska, '33, is makingplans for a twenty-fifth anniversary celebration for all classes up to and including his own from the South Side, theclass of 1933 from Rush, and the internand resident staff from The Clinicsthrough 1933. He already has over fiftyacceptances.The dinner will be held at the HotelShoreland and Walter L. Palmer, '21,will be the banquet speaker.Ballots and announcements will besent to you early in May. DIRECTORYThe Medical Alumni Directory, received by most of you in January of thisyear, is impressive in its beauty andaccuracy. Jessie Maclean, our executivesecretary, deserves the entire credit forthis remarkable job.The directory is a symbol of organization and people. Sometimes the activities and expenditures of an organizationsuch as this are difficult to explain because of its multidirectional aims. Thissymbol of adult size, magnificence, andabilities (e.g., to know where 99% ofyou are!) has produced many reactions,most of them flattering and often appreciative of some need fulfilled. We mustadmit to a feeling of attainment, of getting into orbit.The directory has been mailed to active members only. Many alumni havebecome active within the last few monthsand directories have been dispatched tothem. We shall continue to supply newmembers as long as we have copiesavailable.P. V.M.BULLETINof the Alumni AssociationThe University of ChicagoSCHOOL OF MEDICINE9 SO East Fifty-ninth Street, Chicago 37, IllinoisWINTER 1958 NO.2VOL. 14EDITORIAL BOARDPETER V. :MOULDER, Chturman""RIGHT ADAl\IS ELEANOR i\I. HUMPHREYSL. T. COGGESHALL HUBERTA LIVINGSTONEROBERT J. HASTERLIK CLAYTON LOOSLIWALTER L. PALMERJESSIE BURNS 1I1ACLEAN, SecretarySubscription with membership:Annual, $4.00 Life, $60.00 We sometimes get inquiries about "duplication of dues" to the Medical Alumniand to the University Alumni Association,A word of explanation might help to clearup this confusion.The Medical Alumni Association isseparate from the general Alumni Association of the University. Although wework closely with the general organization in sharing information about alumni,we have separate dues-and-gift programsand completely separate budgets.Membership dues in the general Alumni Association include a subscription tothe monthly University of Chicago Magazine. Life membership dues are held inan invested fund to guarantee the perpetuation of the organization,In the Medical Alumni Association,annual dues are used to support ourwhole program, as a part of our budgetfrom the Division of Biological Sciences.Our quarterly Bulletin is sent to allmedical alumni of the University. Lifemembership dues are deposited to ourMedical Alumni Loan Fund for students.The Alumni Foundation, not theAlumni Association, solicits gifts fromall alumni of the University of Chicago.Most of the Alumni Gift is for unrestricted funds for the University, but analumnus has the privilege of saying forwhat purpose his gift should be used.The Medical Alumni Association receives gifts from its members for use inthe Division for student loans, or for anypurpose that may be designated.Part of the information shared by thetwo organizations is a record of gifts.As many of you have reason to know,for instance, an alumnus who gives ahundred dollars to the University throughthe Medical Alumni Association for anypurpose, is listed in the Alumni CenturyClub. Likewise we are informed of allgifts made by medical alumni to theAlumni Foundation and we enter thisinformation on your cards here.