'olume 3 OCTOBER 1947 Number 3DR. PHEMISTER RETIRES JANUARY 1For over twenty years Dr. Phemister has served as chairman ofe Department of Surgery. His achievements as such are known to1 of you. But he has been more than that. He has been the stalwartliler who has been primarily responsible for the success of theinical departments of the medical school.He gave up a very successful private practice to engage upon aw venture in medical education-upon what has come to be known; the "Chicago plan"--involvingfull-time academic careers for theinical staff. His decision raised many questions in the minds ofs contemporaries who were confident that the project would fail.espite diJjiculties and disappointments, he has adhered to his desian to see the experiment through. It is largely due to his effortsulleadership that the endeavor has been successful. A number ofher leading medical schools are now shaping their programs in therection of full-time faculty in the clinical divisions.The faculty contains many able men, all of whom have contribed to the success of the school, otherwise it would not be in theont rank of American medical schools. I am not deprecating theIorts of any member of our group when I say that Dr. PhemisterM been the key man in the development of the Clinics. When seeking an individual for an important faculty position inclinical medicine, an endeavor is made to find one who possessesoutstanding qualities as (1) teacher, (2) investigator, and (3) clinician, one who can imbue the student (undergraduate and graduate)with the ideals of medicine, instruct him by precept and example inthe best practices of the profession, and stimulate him to use hisaptitudes and to develop his skills in advancing scientific knowledge.It is most difficult to find an individual in whom these attributesare evenly balanced, for such persons are rare. I know of no onewho meets these rigorous requirements and who has fully measuredup to them through the years as well as has our colleague and friend,Dr. Phemister.It is with profound and sincere regret that we take note of thepassing years which, in accord with the established regulations ofthe University, bring his career as chairman of the Department ofSurgery to a close.It is our hope and trust, however, that you, Dr. Phemister, willenjoy many more years of active service and that we may continueto have th.e benefit of your counsel and of association with you. Forall your efforts, sacrifices, and contributions to the School of lvIedi-2 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINDr. Phemister Retires(Continued from page I)cine and for your achievements as teacher,isuestigaior, and clinician, we, your colleagues, students (past and present), andfriends honor and salute you. (Remarksmade by Dr. A. C. Bachmeyer in introducing Dr. Phemister at the MedicalAlumni Meeting, Friday, June 6,1947.Dr. Phemister was born in Carbondale, Illinois. He received his M.D. fromR:us.h Medical College in 1904. Followinghis internship at Cook County Hospital,he entered private practice and joined the�edical faculty of Rush Medical CollegeIII 1906. He was associated with this institution, holding appointments from assistant to full professor until 1925. Duringthis period four different visits to ParisVienna, Berlin, and London were madefor postgraduate study in surgery andpathology. In 1925 Dr. Phemister cameto the then new "South Side" School ofMedicine as full-time professor and chairman of the Department of Surgery. In1940 he became Thomas D. Jones Professor of Surgery.At the time of his retirement Dr.Phemister had spent forty years in clinicalsurgery, teaching, and investigation. Hehas become internationally known for hisalmost revolutionary advances in modernsurgery. His research, about which he hasbecome an authority, includes studies onbone pathology and physiology, the causeand treatment of shock, and the calcification of gall stones. These, along with studies on the development of surgical techniques, ranging from orthopedics to cancer of the esophagus, have contributed directly to the development of present-daysurgery.Dr. �hemister is a member of manyacademic and scientific organizationswhose interests are the development ofmedical education and, particularly,modern surgery. He is a past president ofthe American Surgical Association, afounder-member of the American Boardof Surgery, and, at the present time, amember of the Board of Regents and alsotreasurer of the American College ofSurgeons.Residents, past and present, and associates contributed papers in an anniversary volume honoring Dr. Phemisteron his twentieth year as head of the Department of Surgery (December, 1945,number of the Annals of Surgery). Dr.Dragstedt, at the beginning of his articlein this anniversary number aptly expresses the qualifications that have made Dr.Phemister a successful teacher and investigator. In part, Dr. Dragstedt said:"What I have learned of surgery has comechiefly from him. He has taught best byexample and his modesty and industry,but, best, his scientific integrity have setthe standard and this chiefly is responsible for the accomplishments of the department. Sustained experimentation in the laboratory and honest observationand recording in the clinic have constantly marked the way. Few have done sowell in both fields. Enthusiasm goes withhim and the will to work." Dr. Phemister's success as a teacher is also reflectedin the achievements of his former residents. Of the eleven, two now head departments of surgery in other medicalschools. All the others hold ranks of atleast assistant professor of surgery at thisand other institutions.The contributions which Dr. Phemister has made toward the developmentof our "full-time" medical school havebeen stressed by Dr. Bachmeyer. Although Dr. Phemister will retire as chairman of the Department of Surgery onJanuary I, the Alumni will be happy toknow that he will continue his teachingand investigative work at the Universityas Thomas D. Jones Professor Emeritusin the department which he organizedtwenty-two years ago.Dr. Lester R. DragstedtOn January 1 Dr. Lester R. Dragstedt will assume his duties as the chairman of the Department of Surgery. VicePresident R. Wendell Harrison intro-DRAGSTEDTduced Dr. Dragstedt in his new role tothe Medical Alumni Association at theJune meeting in these words:"As all of you know, Dr. Lester R.Dragstedt has been selected as chairmanof Surgery to succeed Dr. Phemister whenhe retires from his long and brilliant careeras the first-and to this date the only-chairman of that department. We alllook forward to continued distinguishedperformance by this department underthe kindly, thoughtful, discriminatingleadership which all who have known Dr.Dragstedt know that he will give when heassumes the position of chairmanship."Although Dr. Dragstedt has spentseveral years at other places, the majorpart of his career has been on this campus. He has witnessed and been a part of thegrowth and development of the University to an extent that few of us can layclaim to."He took four degrees at Chicago, beginning with the Bachelor of Science in1915 and the Master of Science the nextyear and ending with the Ph.D. in 1920and the M.D. from Rush in 1921."He served as associate in physiologyat Chicago in 1915-16 while working onhis master's degree and went to Iowa asinstructor in pharmacology in 1916. Hewas assistant professor of physiology atIowa for two years and then came backto Chicago as assistant professor of physiology for four years up to 1923."Northwestern took him away fromus as professor of physiology and pharmacology in 1923, but we got him back withthe help of Dr. Phemister in 1925 as associate professor of surgery. This time itwas the right berth, and he stayed. Hewas made professor of surgery in 1930."Although surgery at Chicago won outover physiology and pharmacology atIowa, at Northwestern, and at Chicago,Dr. Dragstedt never lost his original interest in physiology. He has, as everybodyknows, maintained a continuous activityin physiological research. He has carriedhis laboratory thinking with him in theclinics and in the operating rooms. Hehas taken his clinical problems into thelaboratory. The answers he has found areknown to everybody,"As one who typifies-in the blendingof fundamental research with clinicalwork and teaching-the intent and thespirit of the School of Medicine I ampleased to introduce as an honored gueston this occasion-Dr. Lester R. Dragstedt."The Association joins Dr. Harrison inlooking forward to a progressive administration of the Department of Surgery byDr. Dragstedt. His many friends knowthat his increased responsibilities wiUonly serve as a wider field for the constructive concern he has long shown in theadvancement of the scientific spirit insurgery.Dr. Dragstedt was born October 3,1893, in Anaconda, Montana, the son 01Swedish parents. He married' Glady:Shoesmith in 1922, and they have fourchildren: Charlotte, Carol, Lester, andAlbert. His interest in his profession i!shown by the large number of societies heactively supports. One of his major interests has been the pathogenesis and treatment of peptic ulcer. A summary givin!the most recent results of this work appears in this BULLETIN.R. Wendell HarrisonAppointed Vice-Presidemof the U niversitjOn June 20 President Colwell announced the appointment of Dr. R. Wendell Harrison, Dean of the Division of thMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 3ological Sciences, as vice-president ofe University, effective July I. Vice'esident Harrison succeeds Lawrence A.impton, who resigned to become deanstudents and professor of philosophy atanford University. With this new apdntment Dr. Harrison will also becomeHARRISONsan of faculties. Vice-President Harrison'st became associated with the Univerty in 1937, when he was made an assistIt professor of bacteriology. He becameI associate professor in 1941 and a full-ofessor in 1943. His administrative apointments in the University include: as.ciate dean of the division, 1941-43;:ting dean, 1943-44; and dean, 1944-47.s advisory editor of the Journal o] Inctious Diseases, Dr. Harrison has donesearch in trachoma, bacterial dissociaon, dental caries, and immunology. He ismember of numerous scientific societies.-uring his deanship Dr. Harrison hasiown unusual interest in the problemsmnected with the development of theniversity of Chicago School of Medicine.is appointment as a member of the cenal administration is a strategic one fromIe standpoint of further development ofie Medical School, and with this appointent goes the wholehearted support of theledical Alumni Association. Dr. Harrisonill continue his research in postgraduate·aching in the Department of Bacteriolof. As Vice-President his chief concern will! with problems connected with the ad.inistration of the biological and physical:iences. Dr. Harrison is forty-nine yearsd and was born in Ellis County, Texas..e and Mrs. Harrison, the former Mary.athryn Stubbins of Chicago, live at;41 Dorchester Avenue.Ir, Coggeshall BecomesDean of the Division ofthe Biological SciencesAt the meeting of the Council of theniversity Senate, President Ernest C.olwell announced the appointment of Dr. Lowell T. Coggeshall as dean of theDivision of the Biological Sciences to succeed Dr. R. Wendell Harrison, who became Vice-President of the University. Inaddition to his responsibility as dean, Dr.Coggeshall will continue to serve as professor and chairman of the Department ofMedicine. Dr. Coggeshall is an international authority on malaria and came tothe University last year from the University of Michigan. He first served onthe medical 'staff of the University in1930. He was an instructor of medicinefrom 1930 to 1932 and an assistant professor from 1932 to 1935. As a memberof the staff of the International HealthDivision of the' Rockefeller Foundationfrom 1935 to 1941, Dr. Coggeshall devoted his full time to the study of malaria.He was chairman of the Department ofTropical Diseases and professor of epidemiologyat the University of Michiganfrom 1942 to 1946.In 1943 he was commissioned and became a captain in the medical corps of theUnited States Naval Reserve to direct atropical study on malaria and filariasis.In 1945 he was awarded the GorgasMedal from the Association of MilitarySurgeons for outstanding work in preventive medicine in the armed services.A graduate of the University of Indiana, Dr. Coggeshall received his Bache-COGGESHALLlor's degree in 1922, his Master's degreein 1923, and his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1928. He is a member of numerousmedical societies. As dean of the Divisionof the Biological Sciences, Dr. Coggeshallwill have charge of the departments ofanatomy, bacteriology and parasitology,biochemistry, botany, home economics,medicine, obstetrics and gynecology,pathology, pediatrics, pharmacology,physiology, surgery, and zoology as wellas the Zoller Memorial Dental Clinic,Nursing Education, the Food ResearchInstitute, and the Institute for Radiobiology and Biophysics. Dr. Bachmeyerand Dr. Jacobson will continue as associate deans under Dr. Coggeshall. Staff Changes In SurgeryDr. William E. A damsDr. William E. Adams was made professor of surgery on July I. Dr. Adamswas born in Nichols, Iowa, and receivedADAMS CLARKhis B.S. and M.D. from the University ofIowa in 1926. He came to the U. of C. as afellow in surgery in 1928, gradually advancing in rank from assistant residentthrough the chief residency in 1933-35 tofull professor in 1947. In 1935-36 Dr.Adams spent a year traveling in Europeand was on the visiting staff at the University of Berlin (Charite Krankenhaus).He belongs to numerous local and national surgical societies and since 1944 hasbeen treasurer of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Dr. Adams isinterested in general surgery but hasgiven special attention to surgical condition of the thorax, including extensivestudies on the operative procedures fordiseases of the lungs and esophagus. Hisinvestigations cover fundamental problems in connection with adequate bloodproteins in relation to surgical therapy,alteration of the blood during surgicalprocedures, and problems dealing withthe cause and treatment of disease of thethoracic organs.Dr. Dwight ClarkOn his separation from military servicein May, 1947, Dr. Dwight Edwin Clarkbecame associate professor and secretaryof the Department of Surgery. Dr. Clarkis a graduate of Western Reserve University (1932) and the University of Rochester School of Medicine (1937). His postgraduate medical training was done at theUniversity of Chicago Clinics beginningas an intern in surgery in 1937. He was aDouglas Smith Fellow in surgery in 1938and 1939 and an assistant resident from1939 to 1942. From 1942 until 1944 hewas chief resident and instructor insurgery. In September of that year heentered military service and was assignedto the Manhattan Project, where he became chief of surgery and commandingofficer of the hospital at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Dr. Clark plans to continuestudies on the use of radioactive isotopesin the treatment of certain diseases.(Continued on page 6)4 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINSCIENTIFIC S.E C T IONLocal Fluid Loss, NerveStimuli, and Toxins in theCausation of Shock"DALLAS B. PHEMISTER, M.D.Experiments were conducted on dogsin an endeavor to determine the relativeroles of nerve impulses and local fluid lossin the production of shock due to limbtrauma. They were undertaken becauseof work reported by Swingle and associates, which indicated that a flow ofnociceptive stimuli from the traumatizedregions, unless prevented by spinal anesthesia or a local block, is an importantcontributing factor in the initiation of theshock state which follows.The experiments reported below weredivided into three groups. The traumawas limited to one limb, and the localfluid loss was determined by comparisonof the weights of the hindquarters.Trauma was applied during ether anesthesia and consisted of moderate blowsfrom a padded hammer.In Group I trauma was applied withthe nerve pathways intact and the systemic blood pressure at normal levels. Anaverage of 20 blows per kg. of bodyweight caused rapid and marked swellingwith early onset of shock and death afteran average of 2.8 hours. The fluid lossinto the limb, consisting predominantlyof blood, averaged 46.7 per cent of theestimated blood volume and was considered the chief factor in the cause ofshock and death.In Group II the trauma was appliedafter the nerve pathways to the hindlimbs. and lower trunk were blocked byspinal anesthesia and the blood pressurelowered to 7 S mm. hg., or under. In themajority of experiments 2S blows per kg.of body weight were used, but in a few itwas limited to 20, as in Group 1. Theswelling was much less marked than inGroup I, and it was not sufficiently largeto produce shock. The animals whichwere allowed to survive were in good general condition on the following day. Inthis experiment the animals were protected from shock through the action ofthe spinal anesthetic in blocking the vasomotor and (less importantly) the motornerves, which lowered the blood pressureand reduced the hemorrhages below alevel that produces shock.In Group III the trauma was appliedwith the nerve pathways to the limb intact and with blood pressure in the limblowered to an average of 63 mm. hg. byarterial ligations. The number of blows,with two exceptions, was 2S per kg. ofbody weight. The amount of swelling waseither comparable with or less than that• From Annals of Surgery, Vol. 121, No.6(june, 1945). found in Group II, and in those experiments in which the ligatures were removed one hour after trauma, there waslittle additional swelling apparent. Thiswas indicative of early arrest of hemorrhage occurring while the fimb pressurewas low. The systemic blood pressureswere in some instances slightly to moderately reduced, but in no case did shockdevelop. In those animals sacrificed 1.1to 3.1 hours after trauma the local fluidloss, with a few exceptions, was less thanhalf that of control Group I, and was notenough to produce shock. The animalsthat were allowed to survive were in goodcondition the following day.In Group III the trauma was greaterthan in Group I, and as the nerves wereintact, the flow of nociceptive stimulishould, therefore, have been as great asor greater than in Group 1. Still shockdid not develop.In a fourth experiment the theory thatthe descending tracts of the ventromesialareas of the cord protect against limbtrauma shock but that afferent nociceptive stimuli from the legs, apparentlytransmitted by the ventrolateral cord regions, eliminate this factor and sensitizeto shock, was tested as follows: the leftdorsal spine nerve roots below T-12 weresectioned which destroyed all afferent impulses from the left limb. When the limbwas subsequently traumatized, there wasno sign of protection against shock, as theanimals tolerated blood loss and tissuedamage no better than did the normaldogs of Group 1.There is no evidence in these experiments of an important action from toxinsformed in the damaged tissues since, ifpresent, it should have been manifest inGroups II and III, where the trauma wasgreater than in Group I, while in Group Ithe onset of shock was too rapid to havebeen caused by it. On the other hand,there was ample evidence that local fluidloss into the traumatized limbs was responsible for the shuck and death of theanimals in Groups I and IV.Experimental and ClinicalObservations on the Pathogenesis and Treatment ofDuodenal Ulcer*E. BRUCE TOVEE, M.D., LESTER R. DRAGSTEDT, M.D., EDWARD R. WOODWARD, M.D.,PAUL V. HARPER, JR., M.D., AUGUSTIN RUDOLFO, PH.D., AND GEORGIANA ROGERS, B.S,SUMMARYThe total isolated stomach of the dogwith vagus nerves intact has been usedas an experimental preparation in study-• To be published in the Gallie MemorialVolume. ing the ulcer problem. This preparationwill secrete from 300 to 2000 cc. of puregastric juice a day. Preparations of thissort develop, quite rapidly, typicalpunched-out, perforating or hemorrhagicpeptic ulcers in the gastric mucosa. In thenormal intact dog, swallowed food, saliva,and regurgitated duodenal content neutralize the pure gastric juice and preventthe formation of an ulcer. The great majority of duodenal ulcer patients havebeen shown to secrete at night betweenthree and four times as much free acid inthe gastric juice as normal individualsstudied under the same circumstances. Alarge portion of this juice remains unneutralized especially at night in the absenceof food, and thus the conditions in thestomach of the duodenal ulcer patient approach those in the experimental totalpouch.There is definite evidence that there ishypertonicity of the vagus nerves in ulcerpatients which can account for their hypersecretion. For example, secretionstudies on an ulcer patient during a psychiatric interview showed a marked increase of the secretion of gastric juicewhen the patient was purposely angered.Following vagotomy, this experiment wasrepeated, and there was no increase in thesecretion when the patient was angered.In the total pouch following vagotomythere is a marked fall in the volume, freeacidity, and peptic activity of the juice.Hemorrhagic ulcers which were formed inthe pouch heal spontaneously, and newulcers do not form. The same changes areobserved in ulcer patients followingvagotomy. There is no specific contraindication to vagotomy. It is felt that simpIe vagotomy is the treatment of choicein uncomplicated duodenal ulcers' whichhave received adequate medical management without relief of symptoms. or inthose patients who, although they arecontrolled by medical management, findthat their treatment has become an excessive and disabling burden. Vagotomyis indicated in any complicated ulcer ex·cept possibly in the presence of uncontrolled hemorrhage.Gastric night secretion and secretoryresponse to insulin hypoglycemia arestudied before and after operation and areused as criteria of complete vagotomy.The transthoracic approach provides ex'cellent exposure while the transabdom·inal approach permits inspection of thelesion and gastroenterostomy if obstruotion is present.Following operation, the patient'sstomach is protected from overdistentionfor at least a week. During the first threedays this is accomplished by continuous'Wangensteen suction with a Levine tube:in the stomach. Before dispensing with.the tube, it is determined carefully thatMEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 5ae patient's stomach is really emptying.luring the next four days, the patient isiven gradually increasing amounts oflear liquids by mouth and his gastric reention is checked at frequent intervals-ith a Levine tube. From this time on,ae patient can tolerate a soft to regulariet well but must be cautioned aboutvereating for as long as a month or two.To summarize briefly the clinical re.ilts: of 170 ulcer patients vagotomizeduring the past four years, 165 are free'om ulcer distress on an unrestricted diet-ithout medication. Eighty-nine of theagotomies were complete as demonstratd by secretion studies, and in this grouptere have been no recurrences to date.If the 18 patients with incomplete vagotmies, 5 have had recurrence of ulcer.'he side effects of vagotomy have been ofo serious consequence; Mortality wasne case, or 0.6 per cent."he Use of Certain Antihepar ins in HemorrhagicDisease"J. GARROTT ALLENOne of the complications of total bodyxposure to lethal ionizing irradiation inogs is hemorrhage. Hemorrhage maye the only finding at death in some aniials, This hemorrhagic syndrome is charcterized. by thrombocytopenia, peteaiae, a prolonged whole blood clottingme, and a normal bleeding time. The de.ct in the clotting system appears to beie presence of an increased amount of.rculating anticoagulant which biologiilly is indistinguishable from heparin.'here was no evidence that the proirombin activity was reduced, and serumilcium was not reduced. In the dog, at-ast, hemorrhage can be temporarily preented or corrected if certain antiheparinibstances are injected. Both toluidinelue and protamine sulfate are active inlis respect. They will unite with heparinoth in vitro and in vivo and form heparinilts which are biologically inactive so far; the anticoagulant power of heparin ismcerned. Each of these agents is capale of restoring the clotting time to nor.al for 24 to 72 hours in the irradiatedog, although a more prolonged effect.ay be obtained if injections are maderery second or third day. These subances restore the clotting time regardss of the level of the platelet count. The.eeding time, however, is not altered ifie platelet count is. critically reduced,rd the platelet is not elevated in theradiated dog by either of these subances. Whether the administration oflese agents will increase the survival.te of dogs given lethal doses of totalody X-ray remains to be seen. Some prongation of the survival time in the postradiation period has occurred whenlese substances have been given.It seemed logical to try these agents inFrom Annals of lniernai Medicine, Octo.r, 1947. the thrombocytopenic patient, althoughonly the bleeding time and thrombocytopenia were shared by both irradiationhemorrhage and human thrombocytopenic purpura. Tests were made whichshowed that the blood of the thrombocytopenic patient tolerates less heparinthan does normal human blood. Thesepatients when given toluidine blue or protamine intravenously showed an improvement in their hemorrhagic state as petechiae tended to disappear. The generalized oozing was lessened or stopped. However, as long as the platelet count remained low, the bleeding time was notshortened, and in some patients bleedingfrom raw denuded ulcerated areas continued unless fresh whole blood transfusions were given.These agents appeared effective invarying degrees in controlling the bleed- A' S . d fing in six acute leukemic patients, in two ssistant upennten ent 0patients with idiopathic thrombocyto- U. of C. Clinics Appointedpenia, and in nonthrombocytopenic pa- Mr. Frank R. Shank began his dutiestients. Just why such patients are more as assistant superintendent in the Unisensitive to heparin or why they respond versity of Chicago Clinics on July 1.temporarily to toluidine blue or prota- Prior to that date he had served a year'smine sulfate is not known. These anti- administrative internship at the Clinics.heparins appear to increase capillary re- Mr. Shank is a graduate of the Universitysistance and petechiae tend to disappear. of Chicago School of Business, with .aNeither of these substances has an ef- major in hospital administration. Beforefect upon the bleeding tendency in hemo- entering the School of Business he held anphilia or in prothrombin deficiency. Like- executive position with a large millingwise, vitamin K, vitamin C, rutin andconcern in the Middle West. Mr. Shankcalcium salts are not effective in the con- will assist in the general administrationtrol of irradiation hemorrhage. Whole of the Clinics. At least half of his workblood transfusions proved ineffective in will be devoted to the Out-Patient Depreventing hemorrhage in irradiated dogs, partment.hut when used in conjunction with tolui- •dine blue or protamine sulfate they ----------------proved of some supportative value. Dr. Luckhardt Made aDistinguished Service ProfessorDr. Arno B. Luckhardt has been designated as distinguished service professorof physiology at the University of Chicago. Dr. Luckhardt received his Ph.D.from the University of Chicago in 19IIand his M.D. from Rush Medical Collegein 1912, as well as honorary degrees fromConception College, Conception, Missouri, and Northwestern University. Hewas appointed instructor in physiology in1912 and professor of physiology in 1923.He received the Callahan memorial awardfor medical research. He is a past president of the American Physiological Society and of the Federation of AmericanSocieties for Experimental Biology.The A lumni AssociationSponsors A II-StudentSCientific SessionThe Medical Alumni Association sponsored a program in which only studentsparticipated on March 20,1947. Dr. LeonO. Jacobson, associate dean of the Division of the Biological Sciences, organizedthe program and served as chairman. Theprogram was as follows: Dr. Joan Longini-Increased Red Cell Destructionfrom Fat Ingestion; Dr. Gerald HillThe Effect of Stilbestrol on the FastingBlood Sugar of Normal Rats; Dr. Olaf K.Skinsnes- The Modifying Influence ofPenicillin Therapy on the Pattern ofPneumococcus Infection and the Immune Response in the HypoproteinemicRat; Dr. Frank T. Lossy-Methods ofAssay of Acetyl Choline in the FrogHeart before and after Vagus Stimula-'tion; Dr. Allan Lorincz-Studies on theParenteral Administration of HydrogenPeroxide; Dr. Richard Kershner-Chronic Nonspecific Suppurative Pneumonitis;Dr. Dwight Smith-Potassium ParaNitro Phenyl Sulfate as a ChromogenicSubstrate for Assay of Phenolsulfatase;Dr. Delbert Bergenstal-Implications ofHyaluronidase in Fertility; Dr. David McDougal-Tetanus; Drs. Robert Elghammer and Charles Barlow-The Effectof Scurvy in Massive Horse Serum Injections on the Guinea Pig Heart; Dr. JohnStorer-Experimental Production of Leukemoid Reactions in Guinea Pigs; Drs.Robert Shuler and Mark Hance-TheEffect of Sympathicolytic Drugs onChronic Neurogenic Hypertensive Dogs.This program was of high scientificquality and was received with great interest by the faculty and students. Becauseof the enthusiastic response and favorable comments on the program, it hasbeen decided at the recent Council meeting of the Medical Alumni Association tosponsor an all-student scientific programannually, to occur when possible at thetime of the annual meeting and reunion.Ion Accelerator BuildingThe University of Chicago has begunconstruction of a $1,250,000 ion accelerator building to house a 1oo,000,000-voltbetatron, the University's cyclotron, anda new cyclotron of the most modern construction. This building is on Ellis Avenueacross from Stagg Field. The laboratorywill be used primarily for researches innuclear physics and radiochemistry conducted by the Institute for NuclearStudies. Facilities for medical researchwith high-energy positive ions and gamrna rays will be included.6 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINA.L UM NI NEWS I'33. Arthur H. Rosenblum returned frommilitary service in March, 1946, after fouryears in the Army. He is now full attendingphysician at Cook County Children's Hospital; instructor at Northwestern MedicalSchool; and adjunct attending physician atMichael Reese Hospital, Department ofPediatrics.'34. George V. LeRoy since his returnfrom the Army has resumed his practice at30 North Michigan Avenue-plus teachingat Northwestern and some research in experimental medicine.'37. Everett I. Evans has been elected tothe editorial board of the Annals of Surgeryas of July I. Dr. Evans is associate professorof surgery at the Medical College of Virginiain Richmond. Another outstanding honor·which has been bestowed upon him recentlywas his election to membership in the American Surgical Association at the meeting of theAssociation in Hot Springs, Virginia, inMarch.'38. Richard A. Rasmussen started apractice in chest and general surgery in GrandRapids, Michigan, in February of this year.In April he became surgeon for the MichiganState Reformatory, Ionia, Michigan.'43. Capt. William R. Wicks is still chief ofanesthesiology at the William BeaumontGeneral Hospital, El Paso, Texas, where hehas been having an interesting experiencetaking care of some of the workers on rocketsand jet planes.Walter COl[ has completed three years atthe Mayo Clinic. He visited the U. of C. inJune on his way from taking the AmericanBoard of Roentgenology examinations atAtlantic City to Missoula, Montana, wherehe is now located as a radiologist at the Western Montana Clinic.Capt. William E. Froemming is at GorgasHospital, Ancon, Canal Zone.John Findley, who was assistant residentin medicine last year, on July I became chiefresident in medicine for 1947 and 1948.Michael Bonfiglio has completed his Armyservice and has returned to the Clinics asassistant resident in surgery.Grace, B. Goebel is at present executiveand chief resident in pediatrics and contagious diseases at the Children's Hospital in San Francisco. Her appointment terminatesJuly I, 1948.'44. Vernon K. S. Jim was discharged fromthe Army Medical Corps in June after twoyears as flight surgeon in the AAF in theMarshall, Gilbert, and Hawaiian islands.Lieut. Raymond Goodman has returnedfrom China and is now stationed at theMarine Base, San Diego, California. Hevisited the Clinics on his return from overseas.James J. Pattee, after being released fromthe Navy Medical Corps, took an extensivetrip with his wife before settling down as ageneral practitioner at 7 II West 24th Street,Pueblo, Colorado. In June he wrote fromBarbados, British West Indies.Paul Wallace's picture appeared in theJune issue of Life magazine along with othermembers of the medical staff at Battle Creek.Jacob J. Zuidema was a recent visitor. Heis still in the Army and is looking forward tothe time when he can rejoin the staff inotolaryngology .Capt. Robert I. Barickman, Jr., in Julywrote from the 361st Station Hospital,APO lOSS, % Postmaster, San Francisco.He is working in an E.E.N.T. clinic in Tokyo,and hopes to specialize in ophthalmologywhen he is released from service this fall.'45. Lieut. (j.g.) E N. Horner, who is-nowat the Naval Ammunition Depot at Crane,Indiana, hopes to return to Lying-in for aresidency in February, 1948.Lieut. (j.g.) E. R. Mindell is now at theVeterans' Hospital at . Columbia, SouthCarolina.Lieut. (j.g.) Charles M. Johnson, Jr., hasspent the past year on the medical andsurgical chest services at Livermore VeteransHospital, Livermore, California. Previouslyto this assignment he was anesthetist at theSan Diego Naval Hospital. He hopes eventually to specialize in chest surgery. We had abrief visit from him and also from Lieut. (j.g.)Peter Moulder, '45, in August.Lieut (j.g.} Frederick Kittle wrote inJuly that he had just "spent an enraptedhalf-hour reliving all the familiar scenes andrelearning old faces" in the annual MedicalSchool yearbook he had just received. He ison the N.P. service in the Veterans Hospitalin Los Angeles. A. R. Furmanski, '43, who formerly was doing neurology at the NavalHospital in San Diego, has been moved to thesame Los Angeles hospital as resident on theN.P. service.Lieut. Warren K. Wilner is chief of anesthesia at the Station Hospital, Fort Ord,California.Lieut. Frank Brooks is "ward physician"in charge of two hundred psychotic patientsat the Veterans Administration Hospital,Knoxville, Iowa. He visited our hospitals inAugust.T. W. Anderson in .May was still at theNaval Dispensary, NOB Adak, Alaska, wheresix doctors were doing the work of three.Their senior medical officer is Clifton York,'43, who is in the regular Navy. They formedan Adak Medical Society which meets oncea month to discuss medical topics andproblems.'46. Lieut. Jack Kahoun is now stationedat Pensacola, Florida.John Cashman. Those of you who read theKansas City Star will readily recognize thehandsome doctor in the series of picturesadvertising the Cancer Detection Center inthat city in the issue of June 22, 1947.Lieut. (j.g.) Edward H. Senz is at the U.S.Naval Hospital in Long Beach, California,where he is working on the surgical service ofthe one-hundred-bed dependents' hospital.Among other duties he has given some of theanesthetics there. They. operate two days aweek but could do much more surgery if theyhad the staff to care for the patients. Manyof the nurses and Waves are leaving theservice. The Senzes have a lovely apartmentone block from the ocean.Edwin S. Clarke wrote a long letter inMay telling us of his activities since leavingthe U. of C. in March, 1945. At the presenttime he is working at the Military Hospital for Head Injuries which is situated nearOxford, and he is now a graded specialist inneurology. He writes that he is very anxiousto keep in contact with the U. of C. andwould welcome any news from his old classmates. His address is: I Belgrave Terrace,Felling, Gateshead-on-Tyne, 10, England.John Sibley has recently joined us asassistant resident in urology. Dr. StanleyMoulton, '45, has also returned to the UrologyDepartment.Senior Class OrganizesExecutive CommitteeThis year's senior class has recentlyorganized an executive committee to runits affairs. Those comprising this committee are Leonard Lee, chairman, EdythSchoenrich, Richard Stanwood, RichardNeil, Richard Blaisdell, and Peter Gusvick.Clement Brooke has been electededitor of the forthcoming yearbook, withMark Gorney as assistant and featureeditor and Leonard Lee as business manager. The committee recently met withthe Council of the Medical Alumni Asso- ciation to draw up plans for the publication of the yearbook. The senior classplans to meet with the other classes in theSchool of Medicine to select a name forthe yearbook which will be used by allsubsequent classes. The Medical AlumniAssociation Council unamimously votedits support to the senior class and donated$300 toward its publication. Because theyearbook contains so much material ofinterest to the members of the MedicalAlumni Association, such as the annualroster with up-to-date addresses, theCouncil voted to have the yearbook takethe place of one of the numbers of theBULLETIN. Staff Changes in Surgery(Continued from page 3)J. Garrott A lienIn July Dr. Allen was made assistantprofessor of surgery. He was 'born inElkins, West Virginia, and received hisA.B. at Washington University, St. Louis,in 1934 and his M.D. from HarvardMedical School in 1938. Dr. Allen interned at the U. of C. Clinics in surgeryfrom 1939 to 1940 and was an assistantresident from 1940 to 1944. His militaryexperience was with the Manhattan District from 1944 to 1946. He was chief resi-MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETIN 7ent in surgery from 1946 to 1947. DuringIe war Dr. Allen became interested inaanges in the blood resulting in hem orrage following lethal exposures to irradi:ion and has contributed fundamentalformation concerning the cause andeatment of this condition. A summary. his studies appears in this issue. Dr.lien plans to continue his investigationsthe above field.'rederick OwensOn July I Dr. Frederick M. Owens,'., became assistant professor of surgery.r. Owens was born in St. Paul, Minne.ta, He was graduated from Princetonniversity in 1935 and the University ofhicago School of Medicine in 1939. Hisostgraduate medical training was taken: the University of Chicago Clinics, and: the time he entered military service in�43 he was instructor in surgery. He was.parated from military service in April,146. During the last six months of hisTInY duty he was assistant chief ofeurosurgery at McCloskey General Hostal, Temple, Texas. Dr. Owens' researchterests are diseases of the pancreas, with.ecial reference to fat metabolism;.rombophlebitis ; causalgia; and regionaliteritis, He is now working on an "AtlasPeripheral Nerve Surgery." Dr. Owens'as married to Lucy Trumbull in 1942.hey have two daughters.THE UNIVERSITYCLINICS GUILDThe University Clinics Guild wasarted in the fall of 1946, largely at thestigation of Mrs. Paul Cannon and the'oup of women who, with her, had beenaking surgical dressings for the hospitalr several years. Mr. Ray Brown, eu.usiastic over the idea of such an organi.tion, gave the organizing committee iniluable help and encouragement.BULLETIN)f the Alumni Associationfhe University of ChicagoSCHOOL OF MEDICINEVOL. 3 OCTOBER 1947 No 3CLAYTOI'I G. LOOSLI, EditorHUBERTA LIVINGSTONE, Associate EditorHENRY T. RICKETTS, Associate EditorLEON O. JACOBSON, CHARLES L. DUNHAMAssistant EditorsALLAN T. KENYONFRANCIS B. GORDONHILGER P. JENKINSMembers oj the Editorial BoardMARIE ECKERT, Secretary'rice of yearly subscription for nonmembers, $1,00;irice of single copies, 25 cents. Those eligible for membership are thewives of all members of the Division ofthe Biological Sciences, the wives of theresident staff of the hospitals, and of anyothers professionally associated with theDivision. The objectives of the Guild, asstated in the by-laws, are to stimulate theinterest of the members in the work ofthe hospitals, clinics, and medical schoolof the University of Chicago, to give volunteer service wherever needed in the hospitals and clinics, and to afford an opportunity for the members to meet and toknow each other.The surgical dressings group continuesto meet weekly under the chairmanshipof Mrs. Cannon, and, in addition to making thousands of fluffs and hypo sponges,they have a very pleasant time. Mrs.Howard Hatcher has done yeoman serv-MRS. C. P. MILLERice in training a class of hospital aides,seventeen of whom finished the course inMarch and have proved of such value tothe hospital that a second class will bestarted in the fall. Other members havedone various types of work under thesupervision of Mrs. Nightingale, directorof volunteers. The Guild has held monthly meetings at which several members ofthe Division have given brief talks, witha tea party following. The programs werearranged by Mrs. Phemister, while thepurely social gatherings were in charge ofMrs. Carl Moore. Mrs. Leon Jacobson organized a group of the younger members,who have had several evening meetings ofa social nature and have also done mending for Bobs Roberts.In May, Mr. Brown called on theGuild to provide an information andguide service for the Clinics during themeeting of the American College of Physicians, and in June several members of theGuild acted as hostesses during the socialhour which followed the annual meetingof the alumni of the Medical School. Inaddition to all this, Mrs. Cannon and hercommittee have started a monthly newspaper, Inside Information. Officers for thecoming year are: Mrs. C. Phillip Miller,chairman; Mrs. C. Howard Hatcher,first vice-chairman; Mrs. Walter L.Palmer, second vice-chairman; Mrs. F.Joseph Mullin, secretary; and Mrs.Wright Adams, treasurer. Faculty Awards and HonorsProfessor Charles B. Huggins, who received an M.Sc., was one of nine to receivehonorary degrees from Yale University inJune.Dr. Ned Blanchard Williams, instructorin bacteriology at the Zoller Memorial DentalClinic, and Robert W. Wissler, instructor inpathology, were recently awarded theHoward Taylor Ricketts prize for outstanding research. Dr. Williams received the a wardfor research in lactobacilli obtained frompatients with dental decay. Dr. Wissler'sstudies were on the effect of protein deficientdiet on pneumococcal infection.Dr. A. J. Carlson, emeritus professor ofphysiology, recently received an honorarydegree from the University of Illinois. At thesame ceremonies honorary degrees were alsoconferred upon General Omar N. Bradley,Administrator of Veterans Affairs; James B.Conant, president of Harvard University;Chancellor Robert M. Hutchins; and Archibald MacLeish, United States representativeon the Executive Board of UNESCO.Dr. Paul C. Hodges, professor and headof the Department of Roentgenology, onJuly 21 received the certificate of appreciation, the highest honor the War Departmentbestows On civilians outside military operations. Presentation of the certificates of appreciation were made by Lieutenant GeneralWalton H. Walker, commanding general ofthe Fifth Army. At the same time Chancellor Robert M. Hutchins and Vice-President Wilbur C. Munnecke also received citations for their contributions to the war effort;The context of Dr. Hodges' citation is asfollows: "For exceptional conduct in theperformance of outstanding service renderedduring the period December 1943 to May1944, having made available the service ofhis professional staff for the assistance inHODGES RECEIVING CITATIONestablishing an X-Ray Department andinstallation of the first Hodges MorganPhoto-Timer in use by the Army, and during the succeeding months maintained andinspected this instrument during the experimental period, thus enabling the U.S. ArmedForces Induction Station, Chicago, Illinois, toperform their principal duty more efficientlyand with expediency."Marriages and BirthsOur Alumni organization is growingthrough marriages and births. We find thatthe space to cover all the announcementsscheduled for this issue is entirely inadequate. These will, therefore, be reported inthe January issue of the BULLETIN.8 MEDICAL ALUMNI BULLETINFACULTY NEWSDr. A. Earl Walker, professor of neurological surgery, leaves the University onOctober I, 1947, to accept an appointment aschairman of the Department of Neurosurgery in the School of Medicine, JohnsHopkins University. He will also be chief ofneurosurgery at the Johns Hopkins Hospital.This makes the third appointment within ayear of a member of the University of Chicago Medical School faculty to head a majordepartment in the Medical School of JohnsHopkins University. Dr. William W. Scott,formerly associate professor of surgery(urology), became head of the Brady Urological Institute on October I, 1946, and Dr.Russell Morgan became head of the newlyformed Department of Roentgenology at thatinstitution. Dr. Walker, whose photographappears in the January, 1947, issue of theBULLETIN, will take with him four membersof his present staff. They are: Herbert C.Johnson, '43, instructor in neurosurgery;Theron H. Hopple, '42, resident in neurosurgery; Curtis Marshall, '43, McGill University, research assistant in neurosurgery; andJohn Edgar Harvey, '43, University ofToronto, Douglas Smith Fellow in Surgeryand assistant resident in neurosurgery. Wewish Dr. Walker and members of his staffmuch success and look forward to meetingwith our ever growing alumni group atJohns Hopkins.F. Joseph Mullin, dean of students in theDivision of the Biological Sciences and amember of the Medical Alumni Council, hasbeen appointed secretary of the faculties ofthe University of Chicago.Dr. Martin G. Goldner, formerly assistantprofessor of medicine, left the Clinics inMay to become director of research at theVeterans Administration Hospital at Fort . Logan, Colorado, and will also be professorof medicine at the University of Colorado inDenver.Dr. John S. Gordon, recently instructor insurgery (otolaryngology), on May I becamea member of the Nolle Clinic at 412 N.Church Street, Charlotte 2, North Carolina.Dr. Samuel N. Maimon, assistant in medicine, is leaving the Clinics to go into privatepractice in Dayton, Ohio.On March 4 at the Chicago Bar Association, Dr. Austin M. Brues, associate professor of medicine, addressed the symposium onmedicolegal problems of the Institute ofMedicine of Chicago. The subject discussedwas the medical and legal aspects of radiationhazards and health protection in radioactiveresearch.Dr. William Fishman, research associatein biochemistry and surgery, has just returned from the Seventeenth InternationalCongress held in Oxford, England, in July.Dr. Fishman was given a travel award by theAmerican Physiological Society for outstanding work in physiology. He spoke on "Metabolic Conjugation: Beta Glucuronidase andthe Physiological Action of the EstrogenicHormones." Dr. Kathryn Knowlton also attended this meeting and took part in the program. She presented a paper by herself andA. T. Kenyon, R. L. Landau, and 1. Sandiford entitled "Anabolic Effects of the SteroidHormones."Dr. Henry T. Ricketts has been electedpresident of the Chicago Society of InternalMedicine.Dr. Sam Banks has been elected assistantsecretary of the Chicago Orthopedic Society.Dr. Benjamin Miller is now located inWashington, D.C., where he is a member ofthe Chemical-Biological-Coordination Cen- ter in connection with the National Research Council.Dr. Thomas F. Gallagher has joined thestaff of the Sloan-Kettering Institute forCancer Research in New York City.Dr. Gustave Freeman has become head ofthe Institute of Applied Biology in Brooklyn,New York.Dr. Sylvia Bensley will go to Toronto inAugust on a six-month assignment as visitingprofessor of histology. She will do researchand teaching with Dr. Arthur Ham.- Dr. Walter Palmer was elected chairmanof the Board of Governors of the American.College of Physicians.Dr. Norman McCullough, '44, has atemporary appointment as assistant clinicalprofessor of medicine. He is a "lend-lease"from the United States Public HealthService.Dr. Wilton M. Krogman, Anatomy, isgiving two courses at Columbia Universitythis summer. On October I he will becomeprofessor of anthropology at the Universityof Pennsylvania.Dr. John R. Lindsay has been electedpresident of the Chicago Laryngological Society. He has also been appointed editor-librarian of the American Otological SocietyInc.Dr. Jay Jacoby, formerly instructor inanesthesiology, has accepted an appointmentas associate professor of surgery and directorof anesthesiology at Ohio University, Columbus, Ohio.Dr. Dallas B. Phemister. As this BULLETIN goes to press we learn that Dr. Phemisterhas been chosen President-Elect of the American College of Surgeons. He will take office atthe next annual meeting of the College.A nnual Call for Dues andGiftsSince the first issue of the BULLETIN waspublished in December, 1944, seven additional numbers have appeared. The very general and wholehearted approval of the BULLETIN by the Medical Alumni shows that itspublication is one of the most important activities of the Association. Through the medium of the BULLETIN, the threefold purpose ofthe Association can best be served, that is:"(I) to promote scientific and cultural relations among the members of the Association;(2) to provide a forum for the presentationand discussion of subjects representing recentprogress in medical science; and (3) to promote advancement in medical education."Each year since its organization, the Medical Alumni Association has continued togrow in membership and financial resourcesderived from dues and gifts. Of the 808 graduates of the School of Medicine, II6 (14 percent) hold life-memberships, 140 (17 percent) hold annual memberships, and 130 havepaid dues at some previous time. Approximately 400 faculty members, including residents and interns, are eligible for membership. Of this group, 83 hold life-memberships,104 hold annual memberships, and 127 haveat some time paid annual dues. This is an excellent showing, but the financial returns are not large enough to cover the annual expenseof the Association.The constitution provides that twenty-fiveof the thirty-five dollars for life-membershipbe invested. Thus, only ten dollars from eachfee and the money from the annual dues($2.00) can be used for current expenses. TheAssociation now holds $4,000 in UnitedStates Government War Bonds, Series G, andhas on hand, as of June 6, $945. It is in arrears on its investments, however, approximately $1,200, owing to the fact that moneyhas had to be borrowed from the investmentfund to cover current expenses.The principal item of expense of the Association is the publication of the BULLETIN.As it now appears, each eight-page issue costsapproximately $375. If more pages are to beadded, as was announced in the January,1947, number of the BULLETIN, it would costproportionately more. The program for theBULLETIN calls for four issues a year.Thus, approximately $1,500 will be requiredannually for this purpose. An additional $500will be needed to cover other miscellaneousexpenses.For the next several years, then, until theinvestments bring in sufficient funds for publication of the BULLETIN and to cover thecost of other activities of the Association, theactive participation of 100 per cent of theeligible membership will be necessary. It isthe general opinion of the Council and Senatethat the dues should be kept low for the bene- fit of the members who are recent graduatesand still in their graduate training and withlittle or no personal income. Those who canafford to pay more than annual dues "Or lifemembership can serve the Association in nobetter way than by doing so during the nextfew years of its struggle for financial security.Annual gifts which may be applied to investments and/or operating expenses will be mostimportant contributions toward attaining thethree-fold purpose of the Association.The University of Chicago Clinics givesits support to the Association by providingoffice space and the half-time services of asecretary (Miss Eckert). The officers of theAssociation, including the members of theCouncil and Senate, and the editorial staffof the BULLETIN give freely of their time andthought to the activities of the Association.You who are unable to participate personallymay also extend your participation by making a contribution in addition to your membership dues.Inclosed with this issue of the BULLETINis a return envelope and a card which contains space for news of yourself, your family, fellow-alumni, suggestions and criticismsfor improvement of the Association, andyour dues and gift. Let the Association heal.from you. ICLAYTON G. LooSLI, President 'HARRY OBERHELMAN, Vice-PresidentCHARLES L. DUNHAM, SecretaryJOHN VAN PROHASKA, Treasurer