THE UNIVERSITY OFCHICAGO 9 EECOEDMarch 30, 1979 ISSN 0362-4706 An Official Publication Volume XIII, Number 1CONTENTS1 DEFICIT IN THE CURRENT BUDGET AND ITS IMPLICATIONS5 HUMAN RESOURCES CENTER6 THE 371ST CONVOCATION ADDRESS: THE PURPOSES OFA UNIVERSITY, By Norman H. Nachtrieb7 SUMMARY OF THE 37 1ST CONVOCATIONREPORTS OF VISITING COMMITTEES8 — Graduate School of Business9 — Divinity School10 — Division of the Humanities11 — Law School13 — Library13 — Department of Music14 — Oriental Institute15 — Division of the Physical Sciences15 — Committee on Public Policy Studies16 VISITING COMMITTEES23 ANNUAL UNIVERSITY MEMORIAL SERVICE24 REPORT OF THE STUDENT OMBUDSMAN FOR THESUMMER QUARTER, 197825 REPORT OF THE STUDENT OMBUDSMAN FOR THEAUTUMN QUARTER, 197830 OFFICERS OF THE UNIVERSITY30 DEANS AND CHAIRMEN33 DISTINGUISHED SERVICE, NAMED, AND UNIVERSITYPROFESSORSTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOFOUNDED BY JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER© Copyright 1979 by the University of Chicago. All rights reserved.THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO RECORDDEFSCST IN THE CURRENT BUDGETAND ITS IMPLICATIONSTo: Members of the Faculty of the UniversityFrom: Knox C. Hill, Secretary of the FacultiesFebruary 16, 1979Hanna Holborn Gray, President of the University,delivered the following statement to the Councilof the University Senate at its meeting on Tuesday, February 13, 1979.I want, this afternoon, to inform you of recentdevelopments that have come to light in projectingthe outcome of the current year's budget and todiscuss the implications which these have for theUniversity's financial position in the years immediately ahead. I know that this faculty and theentire University community are well aware of thedifficult economic environment to which all private institutions of higher education are exposed.And I am enormously impressed by the effectivecooperation which this faculty has brought, duringthe past years, to addressing the problems of thatenvironment with a sense of purpose and understanding. It is hard to have to recognize, aftersuch efforts, that we must confront the same basicdifficulties again and launch yet another intensiveprogram to deal with them. But with continuinginflation — now once more at a very high rate — andwith the steady erosion in the real value of ourendowment and of the income derived from thatand other sources, the gap between the growth ofrevenues available to sustain educational activities and the actual costs which they entail continues to grow. That our situation in this respect isidentical to those faced by our sister institutionsmakes it no easier to devise the solutions we mustfind. I do believe that there is a realistic comprehension of the fundamental issues here and astrong will to cope with them and to do so in a waythat will maintain and strengthen the academiccharacter and quality of the University. I have seen no other university, no other faculty, wherethat can be asserted with such confidence.Let me turn now to our present outlook.Analyses of income and expenditures during thecurrent fiscal year lead us to predict that there willbe a deficit of $3.8 million in the University'sbudget. When the budget was adopted last year,the trustees had set aside $1 million against thepossibility of a shortfall in income. Hence theanticipated deficit can be stated as $2.8 million for1978-79. That represents a variation of 1 percenton a total operating budget of $280 million. It is asign of the sensitivity of tight budgets in a time ofcontracting resources that such a relatively smallvariance should have such major effects.So it is obvious that we have a serious and, itshould be said, unexpected problem now, and thatthis, in turn, aggravates the problems which wehave all known would lie ahead. The officers, thedeans, the members of the University Budget Advisory Committee and several committees of theBoard of Trustees have been studying the situation since the completion of the mid-year budgetreview. An extensive report was made to the entire Board of Trustees on February 8.Looking at the general unrestricted operationsbudget for 1978-79 and projecting to the end of thefiscal year what we know about performance sofar, we conclude that our expenditures will be$1,355,000 over the adopted budget and that ourincome will be $2,462,000 below the figures in theadopted budget.The most serious problem on the expenditureside is a $1 million overrun in the library budget. A$600,000 overrun in utilities costs, although covered this year by a reprogramming of funds, givescause for concern.On the income side, our best estimate now isthat the University will receive $3.5 million in unrestricted expendable gifts this year, $1.6 millionless than the figure in the budget plan. Indirect1cost recovery from federal grants is expected tobe $540,000 below the $14,325,000 budgeted, andstudent fees will be about $300,000 less than the$36,465,000 in the budget. There are othercategories which show some variance, but theseare the significant items.I should emphasize that in my view our majorproblem this year resides not so much in the control of expenditures as it does in the failure ofincome to meet expectations. The critical long-term problem is that the budget base of the University is in fact understated. That is a situation towhich the entire University will have to addressitself for some years.Looking at expenditures, we have found that,with the exception of the library, academic unitshave been performing within budget. The overrunin utilities spending is not too difficult to understand, given the weather we have been experiencing. The Vice-President for Business and Financehas made a number of changes and is institutingadditional energy saving plans, but this is an areathat will not be any less worrisome in the future.The budget for the library for this year was$4,910,000, but we expect to spend $5,910,000.The provost reported to the trustees in Januarythat half the $1 million overrun is due to theescalating cost of books and serials, and another$80,000 is due to increased costs of binding. Twohundred fifty thousand dollars comes from addedcosts of the computerized circulating system andfrom computer charges that were supported inprevious years by outside grants and have nowhad to be absorbed by unrestricted funds. And$150,000 of the overrun represents personnelcosts for the development and maintenance of thecomputer system; again, these costs were previously borne by outside grants. "It is nowclear," the provost reported, "that in the effort tobalance the University's budget during the pastseveral years we put undue pressure upon the library budget." He pointed out, for instance, thatthe number of individually ordered books declinedfrom 44,000 in 1970-71 to 21,000 in 1977-78. Lastyear an NEH challenge grant made $200,000available for book purchases, but a similar grant isnot available for . 1978-79. If the expendituresbudget were not adjusted upward this year, therewould be no funds for purchases of books otherthan journals and serials.A number of efforts are now being made to secure grants that would again help to underwritecosts associated with the development of thecomputerized circulation system. And the system is being modified to make it suitable for use inother libraries so that possibly some income canbe earned from it. There are also efforts to securegrants and gifts for the purchase of books. But theeffects of inflation in book prices (exacerbated bythe devaluation of the dollar abroad), the increasein numbers of serial publications, and otherbudgetary pressures suggest that support for thelibrary budget will be a serious problem for someyears. Given the central position of the library inthis university, it is one that will have to be solvedand which will require a great deal of cooperationand ingenuity.Among the income categories there are, as Isaid, several major problems. The $300,000shortfall in student fees is the result of a differentmix of enrollment in the various areas of the University than had been anticipated. The problemwith indirect cost recovery from federal grants ismore difficult to understand. The recovery ismade on salary items only, not on equipment andprograms, so that even a slight variation in thefigures could account for the $540,000 shortfall weexpect. But we will not really know until the endof the fiscal year. Our estimate is based on actualrecovery for the five months ending November 30,1978. The figures for that period are 3.7 percentover those for the same period in the previousyear, but the budget had assumed a minimum increase of 6 percent. The government's rules governing these recoveries are changing, as most ofyou know, not always in predictable ways. TheVice-President for Sponsored Programs, Mr.Chernick, is making a thorough study of our experience in this area. He is also making a study ofthe rate of change in our applications for federalgrants and of the rate of change in the grants received, as these figures compare with those forother institutions and with changes in the totals offederal funds obligated for support of colleges anduniversities. Eventually I hope this will lead tointensive discussion by the committee of the faculty and among the whole faculty of how the University's performance in seeking grant supportmight be strengthened.Finally, the figure for gifts in the adopted budgetwas simply much greater than we can hope tomeet or than has been met historically. It was inrecognition of that fact that the trustees had setaside the $1 million which I mentioned earlier.We know that the University must increase thesupport it receives from private sources. Since autumn, Mr. Fanton, the Vice-President forAcademic Resources and Institutional Planning,2has been working with the development staff onan analysis of the University's activities in development and on the organization of a major newplan in this area. The trustees are reviewing thisplan, which is aimed toward achieving a growththat will take place in stages over the next severalyears. The systematic effort to increase the University's income from gifts and grants is crucial.Results cannot be expected to solve our immediate problems, for they will come about onlyover a period of time.In this period ahead, we will need to emphasizethe need for unrestricted funds or for restrictedgifts which can strengthen the core of theUniversity — library, student aid, faculty positions. The University's future quality will dependto a considerable extent on the proper balance offunds raised for annual expenditure and fundsraised for endowment.It is essential that during the current year allunits of the University exercise prudence and restraint and that they determine to hold down costswherever they can. The problem in this year'sbudget has some evident implications for nextyear's as well. We will have to reexamine many ofour assumptions as we plan that budget. And wewill need to study comprehensively the University's financial structure and outlook as aframework for designing a long-term programwhich can bring us to financial stability as a basisfor maintaining and developing our academicstrengths.The budgetary problem should at the same timemove us a little more quickly to take advantage ofthe opportunity to renew the University's discussion of its purposes and to make reasonable plansto achieve those purposes. As the process begins,I hope you will read again the provost's messageon the budget dated October 13, 1978, and thinkabout its implications. His review of the carefulway in which the University has reduced the realvalue of total expenditures in the University overthe last eight years by some 10 percent gives avery clear picture of what has been done to sustain the University. But it also reveals that fixedincome (such as that from endowment) accountsfor a smaller portion of the total income of theUniversity now than ever before. That portion isshrinking further. These are the realities withwhich we must come to terms in shaping a program and a process for achieving the continuedhealth of the University as we review and allocateour resources in the years ahead.Clearly it is not possible and it would surely not be desirable, to resolve our problems simply byspreading resources more thinly. We need to livewithin our means while trying simultaneously toexpand them. We need to concentrate our resources as effectively as possible, both to fortifywhat we can do and choose to do well and toprovide for those major opportunities and futureprojects that we cannot yet fully anticipate.In creating and pursuing a process for deliberating on our course of action, two things are essential: (1) that it be directed toward laying out apicture of the kind of university that we intend tosee five and ten years ahead; (2) that we enter intothe process, insisting that it be thorough and reasoned, with a firm commitment to act on itsconsequences — that is, to come to some clearchoices of priority and to live by decisions that arelikely to bring important changes in what we donow and in how we do it.I have talked to you this afternoon of problemsand needs without being able to offer a series ofsubstantive solutions. Those must come out of anintricate and thoughtful set of deliberations anddecisions which will involve many differentgroups and points of decision. For the remainderof my time, let me say a few words about what weare now doing and plan to do in addressing theissues under discussion. I should like also to statewhat, in my view, are some assumptions andcriteria by which our planning should be guided.We have underway a comprehensive analysis ofthe University's financial situation and budgetarystructure. It will provide an indispensableframework for understanding the elements of theUniversity's condition and for attempting a variety of projections. It should give significant indications about the future which will help makeintelligible the probable constraints and options offiscal planning in the next five years. The University Budget Advisory Committee will be studyingand discussing the results of this work as it proceeds. In four months or so we should have areport to be shared with the council and with theentire University community.The Vice-President for Business and Financehas been charged with coordinating efforts toidentify those areas of the University's "non-academic" expenditure where substantial savingsmay be effected. As this work goes forward, therewill arise complicated questions which will require consultation, ranging from levels of serviceto energy conservation to possible changes of system in the provision of various services.I shall now be appointing the committee (to3which I referred at our last meeting) which will becharged with studying and making recommendations on University enrollment, looking atthe University as a, whole, at the mix and size ofthe student body, the patterns enrollment is taking, and the optimum targets and strategies for thefuture.The questions to which this committee will address itself are clearly critical to the character ofthe institution, and they must be considered interms of the University as a whole. To my mind,there are some major directions we should be examining. I think that the size of the College shouldprobably be increased over the next three to fiveyears. I believe that this course would be good initself for the University and that it can be accomplished without in any sense lessening or attenuating our commitment to research and graduatetraining. It seems to me that the College has anextraordinary role to play in the University and inundergraduate education more generally. Thatany increase in size should depend on no diminution in the quality of our students and on a rigorous attention to the special character of our educational program goes without saying. By specialcharacter I have several things in mind: relativelysmall class size; the opportunity of close contactbetween students and faculty; the opportunity forstudents to learn from one another in a truly diverse community of students; above all, a well-structured general education accompanied by opportunities for independent study, the emphasison a coherent breadth allied to the flexibilities ofindividual work that are also richly offered in ourCollege. Any increase in the size of the Collegewould have to rest on enlarging the pool of applicants, on a careful assimilation of growth, on prudent planning in the areas of student aid andfacilities and, above all, of faculty needs. It wouldalso require — and this, too, I think is educationally right for us in any case — a still greater engagement of our University faculty in the College,including the Common Core.We are all aware that the number of graduatestudents in the divisions has declined. Given thepresent academic marketplace and its outlook, wecannot expect a major reversal. But we shouldnot, in my view, be restricting graduate enrollment deliberately, as some institutions have done.And we should lead in beginning to tackle the dilemmas that graduate education presents today.That must happen through intensive discussion atboth the departmental and the divisional levels.The faculty must initiate — and; must not fail topursue — this all-important question. There are many differences in points of view on this matter;there are also significant differences in what maybe possible or appropriate within individual disciplines and fields of study. Some coordination ofthese discussions should be provided within eachdivision; we should talk also about whether a general university committee might enter into the review of the future of graduate education at theUniversity.It is time to examine what the forms of graduatetraining for the next decades ought to be, whatcombination of breadth and depth may be appropriate, what kinds of professional training can bestbe offered, and in which areas. Our resources forresearch and for advanced study are enormous.They create an obligation to move forward withintelligent and constructive imagination. The University's responsibilities to both graduate andundergraduate students in this context are not inconflict; on the contrary, they are mutuallystrengthening.The most difficult area we shall have to confrontis that of faculty size and of the distribution offaculty. That is not an issue^ susceptible to resolution by abstract formulas, and it is one to whichmany complex considerations are attached.It seems clear that we shall have to reduce thetotal number of faculty further over the next threeto five years. At the same time, we must attend tofaculty compensation as a very high priority andto providing opportunities and positions foryounger faculty. How to reconcile these goals at atime of constraint and when the impact of the newlegislation on mandatory retirement is also cominginto view and how to establish policies and criteriafor the allocation of appointments — that is thepuzzle we are facing.A faculty- trustee committee has, as you know,begun to look at the implications of the retirementchanges for the University and for the structure ofour faculty appointment practices, taking underdiscussion a whole series of related matters ranging from early retirement programs to the patternswe have established for extended and post-retirement appointments. The work of this committee has been set back somewhat by the longdelay in issuing the regulations written by the Department of Labor to interpret and administer thelegislation. But the committee has collected agood deal of data in support of its work and will beprogressing with its discussions in the comingmonths.As to new appointments: the deans were informed in December that only those new appointments which could be justified by special dis-4tinction and especially by urgent teaching needs(and which would, in the divisions, usually bemade jointly with the College) could be anticipated for 1979-80. At the same time, all divisions and schools were invited to lay out athree-year projection of desirable appointments inorder of priority, taking into account the expectedplans and needs of teaching, program, areas ofstrength and of new importance, and the changesto be anticipated in current positions. Throughsuch projections it will become possible to launchsome inquiry into the choices and opportunities ofdirection over a longer period of time and to authorize a phased filling of positions that can bereasonably planned and budgeted.Ultimately, we are talking here about two fundamental things. One is programmatic change andhow to plan for that. The other has to do with thepolicies which underlie the appointment and promotion of faculty in our university. We do nothave a so-called slot system, with a determinednumber of tenured positions to be fixed or measured out. Instead, those appointed to the juniorfaculty are considered for possible promotion onthe basis of merit at the appropriate time ratherthan only when a given slot falls vacant. I believewe should retain this approach, which helps toattract a first-rate junior faculty who are affordedthe kind of future prospects they should have. Butthe system must allow for a pattern of allocatinginitial appointments, both junior and senior,which can adjust to new developments, to programmatic needs, and also to programmaticchange.We will have to expect a reduction in some ofour programs and to contemplate the potential excision of areas or sub-areas of current activity.That is easy to say, hard to do. It will be critical toarrive at a set of standards and of mechanisms forreviewing and assessing programs and of comingto judgments on where and how to accomplishsuch reductions or reshapings. Only by this meanscan we concentrate our resources where they canbe most effectively used to support the University's academic capacity.The deans and other faculty who are sitting onthe University Budget Advisory Committee havebegun preliminary discussion on these points. Outof their discussions should come guidelines andrecommendations on the ways and means of program evaluation and selection which will in turnneed to be reviewed and pursued by other constituted bodies.As the various deliberations move forward, weneed to view their relationships to one another and to coordinate our thinking and planning withthe aid of such a central advisory group drawnfrom the University faculty. Development planning, for example, is clearly related to thepriorities of academic policy and planning; so,too, is the examination of different areas of administrative activity and system.Let me reiterate that the process on which weare embarking is one which is necessary for alluniversities and that it presents us with positiveand creative opportunities. The resolution of ourfinancial problems is, obviously, not an end in itself. Financial stability is a means to a controllingend — namely, the support of our academic purposes and the maintenance of our independence,and of our professional obligation, to define and topursue those purposes responsibly.HUMAU RESOURCES CENTERTo: The University of Chicago RecordFrom: D. J. R. BrucknerIn re: The Human Resources Center for Research,Education and Training.February 2, 1979On January 1, 1979, the Industrial Relations Center changed its name to the Human ResourcesCenter for Research, Education and Training.Wallace Lonergan, Director of the Center, saidthe change in title was made to reflect the growthin the Center's interests and functions. The A. G.Bush Library will continue to be a part of theCenter.Lonergan also announced the formation of anexecutive committee of faculty members for theCenter, including:Thomas L. Whisler, Professor and Director ofResearch, Graduate School of BusinessFranklin E. Zimring, Professor and Director ofCenter for Studies in Criminal Justice, LawSchoolZalman Usiskin, Associate Professor in the Department of Education and Director, NSF AlgebraThrough Applications Development ProjectPaul M. Hirsch, Associate Professor, GraduateSchool of Business and Research Associate in theDepartment of SociologyLaurence J. Hall, Assistant Professor, Schoolof Social Service Administration5THE 371 ST CONVOCATION ADDRESS:THE PURPOSES OF A UNIVERSITYBy Norman H. NachtriebDecember 15, 1978I invite you to reflect upon the purposes of a university. This is an old subject, upon which muchhas been said and written. And although little maybe added here, I think it is important to remindourselves continually about the central functionsof a university. It is a matter that every universityboard of trustees, president, dean, and department chairman must keep uppermost in mind, inorder to measure the proposals for new programsand facilities against the limited resources of theinstitution. It is a problem that occupied much ofWilliam Rainey Harper's waking moments, as helaid the plans for this University over eighty- sixyears ago. And it has continued to be a majorconcern of every president of the University ofChicago down to the present time.Few would quarrel with the statement that thecentral functions of a university are the discoveryand dissemination of knowledge. But theseactivities — research and the transmission ofknowledge — are not the unique responsibility ofuniversities, and we must suppose that it is somespecial kind of discovery and & rather special kindof knowledge dissemination that justifies the existence of universities.As for discovery, scientists in industrial or government laboratories conduct research for particular corporate or national goals — some of it of veryhigh quality. Medical scientists in national institutes pursue the causes and amelioration of disease. Lawyers search the annals of legal decisionsin the preparation of briefs to prove the law forclients.As for the dissemination of knowledge —publishers of books and journals transmit knowledge and information, and libraries complete thefunction by making the written record available tothe public. Some targe corporations even pirovideschools and institutes for the instruction of theiremployees in the technical and commercial arts.We could easily extend the list of agencies beyondthe university that perform the function of discovery or instruction. Put them together in whatever combination you might wish, and the resultwould not resemble a university.Something is missing — the search for under standing for its own sake- — and the transmission,not of mere facts and information, but of methodsof inquiry.This brings us closer to the true purpose of aninstitution of higher learning, as I view it. A university is a place where teacher and student sharea common goal: the deepening of their understanding of problems of mutual interest. The toolsthey use are the same as those to be found in thegreat corporate laboratories, in libraries, in medical centers, and in the museums and galleries ofthe nation and its cities. But the purposes behindtheir use are quite different.In a university, it is not so much the product ofan inquiry that is most important, as the processof the inquiry itself. We seldom have the final answer to important questions anyway, and come tolive with provisional conclusions drawn from evidence that is never complete. It is this process ofinquiry, whether it be in the laboratory or in thegive-and-take of argument in a colloquium, thatunderstanding is advanced. It is here that onelearns how to conduct an investigation— whatquestions to pose, what evidence to seek, whatmeasure of reliance to place on facts, and whenand how to call for evidence not at hand.It is the purpose of a university to provide theclimate in which these activities may flourish.When this is accomplished, the distinction between discovery and teaching ceases to be an issue. Both are part of a continuum in the search forunderstanding.Not all universities fulfill this ideal equally well.Some, by virtue of their charters, are required tocarry out investigations toward particular needs ofsociety: agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry,or mining, for example, and to train students inthese practical arts. And these are worthy goals.Perhaps, some go too far! I remember hearingRobert Maynard Hutchins once deriding a program that led to a baccalaureate in hotel management in one university and to mortuary science inanother. Matters have not greatly improved: a fewweeks ago I read of programs leading to undergraduate and graduate degrees in racetrack management in one of our large universities in theSouthwest. Such universities have lost their mission! But there are hopeful signs. We look to the6East with quiet amusement, where the liberal artscurriculum is even now being reinvented!What is the purpose of teaching in a university?Certainly it is not merely the imparting of information, since its half-life is short. And theories ebband flow. Rather, its true purpose is to assist in theprocess of learning how to learn. The role of ateacher, and a university through him, is to aid astudent to develop valid methods of inquiry-ways of formulating questions — judging whatquestions are worth asking. This is what the educational process is about — not just the finding ofan answer (which in any case is likely to be provisional and incomplete) — but engagement in thesearch for understanding, a process that neverends.There are no answers — in the sense that a problem is ever completely solved and put to rest.There "are only stations along the way. One mightanalogize the learning process to a hike throughmountainous terrain. Once in a while the travelercomes to a promontory upon which he may standand survey the landscape. Some higher peak usually obscures the total view, and the trail leads onto higher ground and sometimes through deepervales. So it is with education. It's a process thatnever ends, sometimes frustrates us, and occasionally gratifies us beyond all other reward.Oscar Wilde said that nothing worth learningcan be taught, and for all the wise and foolishthings he uttered, this strikes me as one of hismore serious and profound remarks. In the lastanalysis, a good education is one that prepares aperson for self-directed education. The analogywith a mountain hiker is still appropriate. He mayhave a more experienced companion to help topoint the way, but he makes the journey on foot.The purpose of a university — of its teachers — isto encourage by example and facility, this processof self-instruction: to provide an orientation, tofurnish benign criticism, to set standards. Not toanswer questions. The method of a teacher shouldbe to encourage the growing independence of hisstudents, at a rate calculated to ultimately freethem of dependence on all but a laboratory, a library, and the criticism of their peers. Insofar aspossible, a student should make his own discoveries of the truth, for therein lies the joy ofscholarship. As he grows in self-assurance, andexperiences the pleasure of "coming into thelight" after a hard intellectual struggle with a concept, he may exult with Milton:"Now clear I understand, what oft my steddiestthoughts had searcht in vain."The step from education in this sense to investigation is an infinitesimal one — at most a mat ter of degree, and not a qualitative one. The research scholar— student or teacher— is impelledby curiosity, that priceless human attribute thatsometimes gets man into trouble, but often leadshim to his finest moments. Research and teachingreinforce one another, and if one languishes, theother withers .John Masefield, late poet-laureate of England,put the case for universities in words that I havealways treasured. Let me close by reading his"Expression of an Ideal":There are few earthly things more splendid than aUniversity. In these days of broken frontiers and collapsing values, when the dams are down and thefloods are making misery, when every future lookssomewhat grim and every ancient foothold has become something of a quagmire, wherever a Universitystands, it stands and shines; wherever it exists, thefree minds of men, urged on to full and fair enquiry,may still bring wisdom into human affairs.There are few earthly things more beautiful than aUniversity. It is a place where those who hate ignorance may strive to know, where those who perceivetruth may strive to make others see; where seekersand learners alike, banded together in the search forknowledge, will honor thought in all its finer ways,will welcome thinkers in distress or in exile, will uphold ever the dignity of thought and learning and willexact standards in these things. They give to theyoung in their impressionable years the bond of a loftypurpose shared, of a great corporate life whose linkswill not be loosed until they die. They give youngpeople that close companionship for which youthlongs, and that chance of the endless discussion of thethemes which are endless, without which youth wouldseem a waste of time.Norman H. Nachtrieb is Professor in the Department of Chemistry, in the James Franck Institute, and in the College.SUMMARY OF THE371 ST CONVOCATIONThe 371st convocation was held on Friday, December 15, 1978 in Rockefeller Memorial Chapel.Hanna H. Gray, President of the University, presided.A total of 329 degrees were awarded: 29Bachelor of Arts,, 6 Master of Science in the Division of the Biological Sciences and the PritzkerSchool of Medicine, 30 Master of Arts in the Division of the Humanities, 10 Master of Science inthe Division of the Physical Sciences, 76 Masterof Arts in the Division of the Social Sciences, 17Master of Arts in the Divinity School, 4 Master ofArts in the Graduate Library School, 2 Master of7Arts in the School of Social Service Administration, 1 Master of Arts in Teaching in the Divisionof the Social Sciences, 91 Master of BusinessAdministration in the Graduate School of Business, 1 Master of Laws in the Law School, 2 Doctor of Medicine in the Division of the BiologicalSciences and the Pritzker School of Medicine, 9Doctor of Philosophy in the Division of theBiological Sciences and the Pritzker School ofMedicine, 1 1 Doctor of Philosophy in the Divisionof the Humanities, 11 Doctor of Philosophy in theDivision of the Physical Sciences, 17 Doctor ofPhilosophy in the Division of the Social Sciences,4 Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School ofBusiness, and 8 Doctor of Philosophy in the Divinity School.Norman H. Nachtrieb, Professor in the Department of Chemistry, in the James Franck Institute, and in the College, delivered the convocation address entitled "The Purposes of a University."REPORT OF THE COUNCIL ONTHE GRADUATE SCHOOL OFBUSINESS, 1977-78In compliance with the provision of the UniversityBy-Laws which requires that visiting committeesreport periodically to the Board of Trustees, thisis my final report as chairman of the Council onthe Graduate School of Business.The Graduate School of Business has enjoyedalmost twenty-five years of substantial, even astonishing, achievement and has become, by anymeasure of quality, one of the three best businessschools in the world. The school is now developing plans for the next twenty-five years. It is notmy intention to detail these plans here or to review past successes. I do want to review changesin the school during my term as chairman, predictthe results of some of the current plans, and makea few suggestions as to the future.In 1981, we will see the completion of a renovation program which, for the first time in manyyears, will give the Graduate School ofSBusinessmodern, efficient physical facilities for faculty,students, and staff. This program began in 1972with the renovation of Rosen wald Hall, continuedin 1974 with the improvement of Business East(now Harold R. Stuart Hall), and will be completed by the remodeling of Walker Museum, adjacent to and connected with Rosenwald Hall. The Walker renovation will restore to useful servicethis magnificent but sadly neglected building andwill provide efficient working space for thoseparts of the Graduate School of Business now occupying cramped, makeshift, and inadequatequarters in Haskell Hall. Thus there will be acomplex o*f three.connected buildings to house allmajor functions* of the Graduate School of Business.The future of the school rests on the continuedeminence and productivity of its superb faculty,coupled with the school's ability to attract outstanding students. Programs have been undertaken in recent years to achieve better and widerdissemination of their work and more nationalawareness of their findings. New plans to this endshould involve more active participation of members of the Council on the Graduate School ofBusiness. ~The principal way in which any schoolnourishes its constituency and becomes known isthrough the work of its students. A substantialpart of the planning now being done at the schoolcenters on programs for insuring the matriculationof sufficient numbers of absolutely first-class students to increase the influence of the Chicago approach to business management in the UnitedStates and the world. Again, council memberscould increasingly participate in some of theseprograms.Among the significant changes in the schoolduring the past five years are the growing pool ofapplicants and their increasing interest in attending Chicago when offered admission, as illustratedin the following table:Graduate School of BusinessM.B.A. Students, 1973 to 19781973 1978Applications 1 ,265 2,200Admissions 832 . 1,032Registrations . ...... 269 390Campus Enrollment . . . . 594 800190/MBA Enrollment(full-time equivalent) . . 682 710Executive Program ..... 148 236Total Full-TimeEquivalent Enrollment 1,380 1,675Despite this impressive record, opportunitiesfor improvement can be suggested:1. Of the top 1,000 business school candidates8nationally, many come from affluent backgrounds. By the time these matriculating studentsare ready to choose a graduate school, they arenot unaware of physical comforts and accommodations. While living conditions perhaps shouldnot be of substantial concern, I have no doubt thatwe would annually attract to Chicago perhaps 50more of these top 1,000 candidates if we couldoffer a first-rate, albeit somewhat more expensive,living facility on the campus. A new businessschool dormitory with squash courts, swimmingpool, and first-rate living quarters could, in myopinion, more than offset many of the negativeconcerns students from across the country continue to express about Hyde Park and the campusfacilities. I have hope that the council membersmight help in the financing of such a facility —which financing could be largely self-liquidating ifthe market for such a facility is as strong as Ibelieve it would be.2. I continue to feel that the business community of Chicago and the Midwest is not as aware ofour great faculty as it should be. I continue tobelieve that monthly lectures, at lunches or dinners, should be a vital activity of the council. Atleast once every two or three years, every principal member of the faculty should be showcased tothe business community under council sponsorship. If one counts only corporate officers in thehigher salaried ranks and proprietors of importantsmaller companies, the Chicago business community must number 10,000. These men and womenhave an impressive range of specialized interests,and they and the faculty should know each other.These 10,000 business people would benefit fromthe exposure and would begin to build ties andloyalties to the school and to the University as awhole. Clearly, most business people are not onedimensional. Their intellectual interests in theUniversity would in many cases be kindled. Thereis a wide business audience available even whengraduates of the University are excluded, and thecouncil and the administration should move intohigh gear in a sustained program over the next fiveyears to promote much more interchange betweenthe faculty of the Graduate School of Businessand the business community at large.3. Just as there is much room for increased visibility of the school locally, greater national visibility is an important target. The philosophy of the"Chicago School" has had publicity. Various faculty members have addressed the problem ofstructural defects in American law and culturewhich adversely affect our free enterprise systemand our national capacity to compete in the increasingly competitive world. Needed changes in union rules, minimum wage theory, regulation,welfare, and in many other areas can only beachieved by developing a consensus over a periodof years among legislators, business people,judges, labor leaders, environmentalists, andother key groups. Perhaps a well-planned, well-publicized annual conference at the Universityshould address: "How can the United States improve its internal environment so as to enhanceour continuing economic leadership in theworld?" If each year for the next ten years, theUniversity would focus the best brains in theworld on this set of problems, bringing togetherthe actors and the thinkers, I have no doubt thatthe nation, the world, and the University wouldbenefit. The council could play a part, raising thevisibility of the school and making a solid contribution to the nation.After six years as chairman of the council, I ampleased to report that the Graduate School ofBusiness is a healthy institution, with steadilygrowing national influence and with plans to increase its influence in the area of management policy and practice. The Council on the GraduateSchool of Business, of which I will remain an enthusiastic member, can and should actively participate in the school's continued drive toward excellence.Irving B. HarrisChairmanJuly 11, 1978REPORT OF THE VISITING COMMITTEETO THE DIVINITY SCHOOL, 1977-78During this past year the Visiting Committee tothe Divinity School held three meetings. The general format is to meet at 4:00 p.m. in Swift Commons and adjourn for dinner at the QuadrangleClub at 6:00 p.m. On November 9, the address atthe afternoon meeting was given by James F.Childress, Professor of Social Ethics, GeorgetownUniversity, the title of his speech being "On Ending Life," followed by a response by Roy Larson,Religion Editor, Chicago Sun-Times. The subjectof euthanasia is controversial, and the discussionthat followed was active. After dinner, Don S.Browning, Professor of Religion, spoke to usabout the history of Disciples Divinity House ofthe University of Chicago, of which he is nowdean.9On February 21, we were addressed by Lou H.Silberman, Naomi Shenstone Donnelley VisitingProfessor, Hillel Professor and Professor ofJewish Literature and Thought, Vanderbilt University, on the subject of the history of Jewishstudies in American universities and, in particular, divinity schools. The response was given byDavid Tracy, Professor of Theology in the Divinity School. After dinner, Anthony C. Yu, Associate Professor of Religion and Literature,spoke to us about his translation of the medievalChinese novel Journey to the West.On May 17, Associate Dean Anne Carr chaireda program which consisted of a presentation byfour students who spoke to us about why they hadcome to the University of Chicago, what their expectations were before coming, and the good andthe bad of their experiences at the University. Theevening speaker was Langdon B. Gilkey, Professor of Theology, who spoke on his work onBuddhism and its influence on modern philosophical as well as religious thinking.Each year before Christmas the chairmanwrites a brief letter to each member of the committee soliciting funds to cover the cost of ourmeetings. The response has been extremely pleasing and, as a result, the Divinity School VisitingCommittee has underwritten a new publicationentitled In Contact, the first edition of which waspublished this spring. One of the purposes of ourvisiting committee is to communicate with thepublic at large about the Divinity School, its programs and activities, and In Contact is one attempt to fulfill this obligation. Distribution of thefirst issue of this newsletter included members ofthe visiting committee, friends of the DivinitySchool worldwide, colleagues at schools similar toour own, and colleges, particularly in the Midwest, from which we draw our students.The record of the visiting committee's activitiesthis year would be incomplete without special recognition of the marvelous gift received from ourfellow member Mrs. John Nuveen. This gift willmake possible the renovation of the second floorof Swift Hall and thereby create a home for theInstitute for the Advanced Study of Religion.Kingman Douglass, Jr.ChairmanJuly 5, 1978 REPORT OF THE VISITING COMMITTEETO THE DIVISION OFTHE HUMANITIES, 1977-78The Visiting Committee to the Division of theHumanities had three meetings during the pastacademic year, all of which were well attended.The first meeting, at the Tavern Club inNovember 1977, featured a talk by Dean Wein-traub about the organization and basic activities ofthe division. We were all impressed not only bythe size and complexity of the division but by thedean's vision of a humanist, his aspirations for thedivision and his feelings about this outstandingcommunity of scholars and students who are thedivision. The next meeting, also a luncheon at theTavern Club, had as its speaker Professor RichardStern of the English Department. Professor Stern,a much published and very popular writer, spokeon "Orpheus at the Blackboard," the experiencesand concerns of a writer in an academic setting.The third meeting, held in May, was a dinner atthe Quadrangle Club for committee members andtheir spouses. Our distinguished speaker was Professor Constantine Trypanis, a former member ofthe Classics Department who is back on campusas a visiting professor. He spoke on "The Buildings on the Acropolis," with slides illustratingthe tragic problems of preservation which theGreek government has undertaken. ProfessorTrypanis spoke with great love and with the authority of the man who directed this effortwhile Minister of Culture of Greece.The committee is planning to continue its futuremeetings with a format similar to that which it hasused during the past years. With such depth andvariety of subjects and scholars within the division, we feel that the aim of acquainting our members with the excellence of the Humanities Division can be best served by continuing to exposethem to our local talents. It is our hope to havefour meetings during the next scholastic year, twoluncheons downtown and a luncheon and dinneron campus. This will enable our committee to become acquainted with not only some of the facultyand students but with some of the facilities aswell.Each year we solicit the committee membersfor contributions to the Visiting Committee Fellowship Fund. This is a discretionary fund used bythe dean to provide fellowship money to some ofour fine students who are in need of financial assistance. This year the committee membersgenerously gave almost $16,000.10The Humanities Visiting Committee has beenoperating for about twenty-five years, and manyof its members have been with the committee formany years. We are presently looking for a fewnew members to replace some who have resignedduring the past years, and I am optimistic that wewill continue to attract those who will be long-range supporters of the University and of theHumanities Division.It is a pleasure to be associated with DeanWeintraub. The entire committee benefits fromhis brilliance and from his warmth.Edwin A. BergmanChairmanAugust 16, 1978REPORT OF THE VISITING COMMITTEETO THE LAW SCHOOL, 1977-78The Visiting Committee to the Law School heldits yearly meeting on November 3 and 4, 1977, onthe Midway. Attendance of the nationwide membership was excellent. The program for the two-day meeting was again designed to provide exposure to many aspects of the Law School as well asan opportunity to assess performance. The sessions enabled committee members to hear fromand meet informally with members of the faculty,the Bigelow Fellows, and the student body. Inaddition, the committee enjoyed an evening at theSmart Gallery where the exhibit, "Artists Viewthe Law in the 20th Century," was on display.The meeting opened with the report of DeanNorval Morris in which he broadly outlined themajor issues addressed by the school's administration during the past year, including developments with respect to the questions raised bythe visiting committee in 1976-77. Dean Morrisdrew attention to the prospective remodeling andfurnishing of the reading room at the west end ofthe main room of the library, made possible by thegenerosity of Maurice Fulton.Set forth below are certain of the major topicsof the meeting. While it would be inaccurate tosuggest that any consensus might develop in alarge committee of lawyers, the issues discussedare those deserving of attention in the furtherstrengthening of an institution of great strengthand vitality.Faculty Appointments. This subject attracted attention at the 1976-77 meeting of the committee,and the fact that little progress had been madeduring the past year was a source of disappointment, particularly when taking into account thatfaculty additions were not precluded by budgetaryconsiderations. Dean Morris commented at lengthon the matter, furnishing figures as to number ofcandidates considered, interviews held and offersmade. He spoke of the high caliber of the FacultyAppointments Committee, the frequency of itsmeetings, the thoroughness of its evaluations, andthe procedures for processing recommendationsby the faculty. He stressed the fact that the searchis broad in scope, that competition among leadinglaw schools for top-flight scholars is intense, thatthe Law School is competitive in salaries offered.Associate Dean Stanley Katz, who will be leavingthe school at the end of this academic year to takean appointment elsewhere, pointed out that oneby-product of the University's efforts to improvethe quality of the neighborhood was the skyrocketing cost of housing in Hyde Park.Failure to enlarge the faculty has implicationsfor program. Many faculty members already carryheavy workloads. Without faculty enlargementthere is little possibility of adding to the curriculum, improving scheduling or providingfurther training in writing skills for selected second- and third-year students.The visiting committee hopes that outstandingfaculty offers will be accepted and additionalfirst-rate appointments made during the academicyear. The committee will welcome interim reportsof progress. Its members stand ready to help inany appropriate way in the search for new faculty.In March 1978, the dean sent to committeemembers a copy of the Conciliation Agreemententered into between the University and theOffice for Civil Rights of the Department ofHealth, Education and Welfare. That agreement isnow under further review because of questionswith respect to certain of its provisions recentlyraised by the Department of Labor.Mandel Clinic. Ms. Sybille Fritzsche, chairmanof the subcommittee on the Mandel Legal AidClinic appointed following the 1976-77 meeting ofthe visiting committee, reported that UnitedCharities of Chicago, as anticipated, had reducedits financial support of the clinic by approximately$100,000 for this academic year. In light of thisdevelopment, a faculty committee (made up ofProfessors Dam, Kaplan and Kimball) reviewedthe role of the clinic and in its report (copies ofwhich were furnished to the visiting committee)recommended that the clinic continue for the pre-11sent with a substantially reduced budget. Thisrecommendation (approved by the faculty) wassupported by the subcommittee. Professor GaryPalm, director of the clinic, pointed out that thishad resulted not only in reducing the clinic's stafffrom seven to four but also in substantial reduction of the students participating in the program,with only 15 second-year and 25 third-year students taking part, selected from a pool of approximately 260 interested students. This statementdoes not include the students involved in theCriminal Defense Consortium: 15 second-yearand 15 third-year students participated, selectedfrom the same pool of students.Discussion of the clinic ranged beyond its present program. Mention was made of the fact thatthe Dam Committee report did not touch on theissue of whether the clinic (with its compositeeducational and service attributes) was an essential part of the school's program. At the same timethere was recognition of the enthusiasm of thestudents engaged in the clinic and the importancethey attributed to it, amply demonstrated by student presentations at the Thursday afternoon session.It is clear that law students differ markedly inuse of their time and energies during their secondand third years. Those elected to the Law Reviewdevote available time to it, others to Moot Court,still others to the Mandel Clinic, while anothergroup does research on faculty-directed projectsor works on Law School-related publications.While the proper place of the clinical experience in the curriculum is an issue that does not goaway, it is recognized that the Mandel Legal AidClinic ranks at the very top of clinical programs inlaw schools throughout the country. For thisacademic year at least, the clinic will proceed withits curtailed staff and reduced student participation. Ms. Fritzsche's subcommittee will continueto study the future role of the clinic and, with thehelp of Assistant Dean Frank Ellsworth, will explore the likelihood of additional sources for funding the clinical program.Other Student -Related Issues. It was noted,and the dean confirmed, that student tensionswithin the school appeared cfe minimis. A StudentAdvisory Committee^ created by the dean, seemsto have added a useful further channel of communication between students, faculty and the administration of the Law School.The matter of admissions, including minorityadmissions? again received attention. One sessionof the program was devoted to the implications forlaw schools in general of the final outcome of theBakke case. The presentation in part dealt with the difficulties inherent in predicting student performance on the basis of testing and previousacademic achievement.The Bigelow program for first-year students andthe curriculum in general were subjects for discussion. Questions were raised as to why constitutional law was no longer a required courseand whether further attention should be directedto the treatment of professional responsibility.Library and Office Space Needs. Maurice Fulton, chairman of the subcommittee appointed following last year's meeting, outlined the variousalternatives for construction of additional space.Each is exceedingly costly. Perhaps the most feasible would be an extension to the south of the eastwing of the Law School Building, but this entailshigh cost and is subject to various criticisms suchas remoteness and possible aesthetic hurt to thepresent structure. By far the least expensive solution to the problem would be for the Law Schoolto utilize existing space in the east wing ofBurton- Judson, directly west of and accessible tothe Law School Building. This space in Burton-Judson is now reserved for the College and receives little use. The Law School's plea severalyears ago for consideration of its use of this spacewas unsuccessful.Library space needs will become more acuteeach year and will need to be satisfied by themid-1980s or earlier. Needs for faculty officespace could become pressing on short notice if anumber of new appointments to the faculty wereto materialize. Mr. Fulton's subcommittee willkeep abreast of the subject.# * *If anything, the foregoing report reflects thepropensity of lawyers, irrespective of backgroundand practice, to search out problems. For all of us,any law school provides fertile ground for such anexercise. Clearly the Law School of the University of Chicago is not above or immune from critical comments of sorts. Yet the fact is that thisLaw School is today a formidably strong lawschool productive of graduates who make theirmark in a wide range of practice and endeavor. Iam hopeful that the interest in the school of thevisiting committee and its individual members willprove constructive and helpful to the dean in hispraiseworthy efforts to assure and enhance thestrength of the school.George A. RanneyChairmanJune 28, 197812REPORT OF THE VISITING COMMITTEETO THE LIBRARY, 1977-78Since I submitted my last report the committeehas met on four occasions. Each of the four meetings focused on a particular issue of concern to theUniversity library. The fall meeting of 1977 centered on the ideology and problems of buildingresearch collections for the scholars of the future.Following the afternoon session, Harry Woolf,Director of the Institute for Advanced Studies,spoke on the relationship between printing andlearning. At the mid-winter meeting we heard ofthe need for and techniques of preservation andconservation. Gordon N. Ray, president of theJ. S. Guggenheim Foundation and member of ourcommittee, addressed the spring meeting. Histopic was the uses of the past and the continuingneed to nourish the humanities so that it remains astrong discipline.At the first meeting of the 1978 academic year,Walter J. Haas, president of the Council on Libraries, discussed the spectrum of problems andpossibilities brought before the council. Mrs.Gray attended the meeting and presided at a briefceremony which marked the installation of theplaque honoring Joseph Regenstein, in whosememory the University library was erected.The fall meeting also marked the completion ofPhase II of the renovation and refurbishing of theJoseph Regenstein Library. The building had beenREPORT OF THE VISITING COMMITTEETO THE DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC, #1977-78The Visiting Committee to the Department ofMusic met twice during the 1977-78 academicyear. At the first meeting, held downtown in January, Professor Philip Gossett spoke on nineteenthcentury Italian opera, a subject on which he is aworld authority. Professor Gossett is generaleditor of the critical edition of the works of Rossini, as well as a project director of the definitiveedition of the works of Verdi, to be published bythe University of Chicago Press.The visiting committee's second meeting washeld on campus in May. It included a tour of themusic facilities for the particular benefit of newmembers of the committee and a meeting devotedto the department's graduate program in composi- used to the point of exhaustion, and even thefinest of designs needs modification when heavyuse takes its toll. We were pleased to be able toenter the building through the remodeled entrance.The library and the visiting committee benefitgreatly from the activities of the Library Society,headed by Mrs. Ann Dudley Goldblatt. It sponsors exhibitions, receptions, and dinners, often onthe same day as visiting committee meetings, andso provides an extra incentive for attendance. Inaddition, it raises much-needed funds for the benefit of the library.The library challenge grant* of July 1977 hasgenerated gifts of $495,895 to establish endowedbook funds. I am greatly encouraged by the support given to the University library by individualcommittee members and other good friends of theUniversity. The last, and final, book will never beplaced on the shelf, and so the visiting committeemembers may safely presume that their supportand help will continue to be sought in the monthsahead. .For the future, we will work with the LibraryBoard and the director to define the ways in whichwe may offer the University and the library thegreatest assistance.Gay lord DonnelleyChairmanFebruary 14, 1979tion, presented jointly by a panel of faculty andgraduate students.Financial assistance provided by the visitingcommittee this past year was used for the following purposes: purchase of microfilms whichgraduate students use for their scholarly researchand which subsequently become a part of themusic library; material for the Chicago Jazz Archive and for a part-time employee to cataloguethis material; and subventions for the publicationof doctoral dissertations. The department also received an anonymous and most welcome gift of$5,000 in memory of Gina Bachauer, a concertpianist who was a longtime friend of the University. This money is to be used for the purchase ofscholarly and performing scores for the library.Another most welcome gift, from Chicago television station WTTW, consisted of their entire collection of videotapes featuring Chicago's jazzmusicians, a valuable contribution to the Jazz13Archive which we have every reason to hope willattract other similar gifts.The Department of Music continues to thrive,to do distinguished scholarly work, and to attractincreasing numbers of students. Its most pressingand deeply felt need, in the unanimous opinion offaculty, students, and visiting committee, is fornew quarters. Plans for a new building havingbeen given up in favor of relocation in existingREPORT OF THE VISITING COMMITTEETO THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, 1977-78The Visiting Committee to the Oriental Instituteheld its annual meeting on April 12, 1978, in theDirector's Study in the institute. It welcomed Jeffrey R. Short and Robert E. Brooker as newmembers, and as guests Mr. and Mrs. MauriceSchwartz, who had recently donated an endowment to the institute. Another guest was Mr.Harry James, keeper of the Egyptian section ofthe British Museum.The director, John A. Brinkman, reportedbriefly on the institute's current field expeditionsin Egypt, Iraq, and Iran. In the coming monthsother expeditions are planned for Turkey,Tunisia, and North Yemen. He showed the committee the first copies received of the latest volume (M) of the Assyrian Dictionary. In press areten other volumes of institute publications, andsix more books have been approved for publication.The greatest changes over the past year haveoccurred in the museum. A new museum curator,John Carswell, took office in December. Mr.Carswell taught in the Department of Fine Arts ofthe American University in Beirut (1956-1976)and brings to the job a happy combination of expertise in archaeology and the fine arts. Mr.Carswell has begun a policy of small, temporaryexhibitions; some of the topics will include Copticand Ethiopic art, works of American and European artists in Egypt in the 1920s, Islamic bookbinding, and Nubian archaeology.A new archaeological challenge requiring urgent attention is a salvage project in Turkey. Twodams soon to be built on the Upper Euphrates willflood more than two hundred archaeological sites. space in Swift and Goodspeed Halls, we look forward eagerly to the early completion and execution of architectural plans currently being drawn.Marian S. HarrisChairmanSeptember 8, 1978The Turkish Department of Antiquities has beensoliciting help from scholarly institutionsthroughout the world. The institute's archaeological budget is already fully committed, but institutescholars recognize the necessity of participating inthis venture. Contingent on obtaining funding forthe major part of the excavations through a futuregovernment grant or private grant, a member ofthe visiting committee has pledged to pay the salary of a young archaeologist for two years tocoordinate institute participation in the Turkishsalvage program, and the necessary grant applications and plans for reconnaissance work in Turkeyare now being drawn up.The number of Oriental Institute members hasrisen to over 2,800, having received a substantialboost from the Tutankhamun exhibit. The membership subcommittee (Albert Haas, WilliamRoberts, and Roderick and Madge Webster) hasbeen of help in formulating plans for an activemembership program. In accordance with a recommendation from this subcommittee, the visitingcommittee voted to host a dinner for the institutemembers, with the money raised to go to themuseum for future exhibitions.In October 1979, in honor of its sixtieth anniversary, the institute plans to sponsor a scholarly symposium on the dating of archaeologicalfinds in the ancient world — a highly controversialtopic in academic circles. The symposium will include evening sessions on the use of dating systems to discover art forgeries, sessions whichwould have greater interest for lay members of theinstitute.Margaret B. CameronChairmanAugust 197814REPORT OF THE VISITING COMMITTEETO THE DIVISION OFTHE PHYSICAL SCIENCES, 1977-78The Visiting Committee to the Division of thePhysical Sciences met twice during the academicyear. In addition, the executive committee metonce, in October. The focus of this meeting, andof the committee's November meeting which followed, was the division's Office of IndustrialCooperation. The visiting committee was asked toreview the progress of the office, established inApril 1976, and to recommend whether it shouldcontinue after the end of its two-year trial period,and if so, under what charge.The visiting committee believed that the Officeof Industrial Cooperation has done valuable workin graduate placement and patents, in establishingand improving relations with industry, and in providing industry with simpler access to the University. It has developed the support of the faculty.Bernard Abraham, founding director of OIC, didan excellent job in establishing the office and developing its program; the committee very muchregrets his return to Argonne National Laboratoryin April 1978. The committee recommended thatOIC be continued. It responds to the perceivedweakness in the interface between the divisionand industry, between faculty and the largercommunity. The office should concentrate onlong-range programs to acquaint industry with thedivision and to benefit from industry expertise.Priority should be given to placement and fund-raising. The visiting committee believed that industry must be shown that the University constitutes a source of manpower and basic researchthat industry will ultimately need; that it is important to industry that the University of Chicago bea first-rank institution. The visiting committeeconcurred that the OIC should be supported bythe Office of Development. The dean plans tosubmit a proposal to this effect to the Universityadministration.The visiting committee's second meeting, inMay, focused on the Department of Chemistryand a recent evaluation of it by an academic visiting committee appointed by the president. At therequest of the dean, the visiting committee reviewed this report which recommendedstrengthening the Chemistry Department. Thecommittee also received a thorough briefing onthe department and its problems as perceived byits chairman. As a result of these reports and the extensive discussion that followed, the visitingcommittee requested that a letter be forwarded tothe Chairman of the Board of Trustees. The substance of the letter, dated May 26, 1978, is thefollowing:We have concern that the Department of Chemistryin carrying out its responsibilities falls below the highstandards of the academic review committee and possibly below the levels of the past and of those desirable for the University of Chicago. Our analysis indicates that some elasticity in the University's policyon staffing may be necessary and desirable to solvethis problem. We recognize competing demands ofother sectors of the University, but we urge that theadministration address the special requirements andproblems of the Chemistry Department.We were informed that the departmental faculty isdiscussing a five-year plan for the Chemistry Department but has not yet reached a consensus. We askthat the department and the division define more precisely at our next meeting what their solution is to theproblems identified by themselves and the report sothat we may be able to offer more specific opinionsand suggestions.As chairman, I want to thank the division for itscandor with the visiting committee, and the committee members for the generosity with whichthey have shared their experience and good counsel.Robert C. GunnessChairmanJuly 1Q, 1978REPORT OF THE VISITING COMMITTEETO THE COMMITTEE ONPUBLIC POLICY STUDIES, 1977-78The second year of the operation of the Committee on Public Policy Studies has resulted in goodprogress in spite of the unsettlement caused by theprospective departure of our chairman. The visiting committee has had a reasonably busy year.We have held three meetings on the campus, twoin the, fall quarter and one in the spring quarter.Our first meeting, early in the fall, provided anoccasion on which the chairman of the Committeeon Public Policy Studies and several faculty members could inform us about the current state of theprogram and, particularly, of the curriculum. On15December 12, 1977, we held a large and successfulmeeting which began with dinner for the visitingcommittee, students and faculty, and concludedwith an address and discussion period by RobertS. McNamara, President of the World Bank.Then, on April 6, we had a meeting at which thefeatured speaker was Elmer B. Staats, Comptroller General of the United States. This meetingbegan with a talk and discussion (with faculty,students and members of the committee) and concluded with a dinner. The members of my committee thus had an excellent opportunity to observefaculty and students in the Committee on PublicPolicy Studies program, and we also had the opportunity to introduce them to two of the preeminent public servants of our time. The meetingswere well attended and warmly received.With regard to fund raising, the visiting committee has thought it best to await the appointment ofa permanent chairman of the Committee on PublicVISITING COMMITTEESVisiting committees are official committees of theUniversity, provided for in the by-laws and reporting directly to the Board of Trustees of theUniversity. They are composed of individualsselected by the board for their varied insights,interests, and abilities relating to a given academicarea.Upon the recommendation of the dean or director of the academic area involved, and with theconcurrence of the president, the following persons were appointed members of the visitingcommittees.Council for the Division of the Biological Sciencesand the Pritzker School of MedicineA. N. Pritzker, ChairmanGeorge W. BeadleOrville C. BeattieNathan BedermanWilliam O. BeersMarshall BennettPhilip D. Block, JrJohn J. BurnsDr. Robert Chanoc*.Walter A. ComptonNathan CummingsDr. Catherine L. Dobson Policy Studies before mounting a concerted effort.I am happy to report, however, that four of ourmembers took it upon themselves to solicit fundsfor the program and the results are impressive.This leads me to believe that the visiting committee, working as a whole with an enthusiasticcommittee chairman in place, would not find itdifficult to provide for the support of the Committee on Public Policy Studies.It is my impression that the principal problemconfronting the program is the urgent need for theappointment of a permanent chairman of theCommittee on Public Policy Studies who can supply vigorous leadership.Sydney Stein, Jr.ChairmanJune 14, 197 8William E. Fay, Jr.Maxwell GeffenOscar GetzDr. Robert J. GlaserStanford J. GoldblattDr. John Green, Jr.Hunt HamillJ. Ira HarrisMaurice R. HillemanHarold H. Hines, Jr.Dr. John R. HognessDr. Charles B. HugginsWallace D. JohnsonThomas F. Jones, Jr.Burton KanterDr. Attallah KappasMartin J. KoldykeEverett KovlerAlbert L. LehningerJohn D. MabieDr. Paul MarksRobert G. MyersLyle E. PackardDavid D. PetersonFrank W. PutnamDr. Mitchell T. RabkinDr. Clarence ReedJoseph Regenstein, Jr.Robert A. SchoellhornEarl W. ShapiroMilton E. Stinson, Jr.16Daniel J. TerraJohn Earl ThompsonDr. Cornelius A. Vander LaanArnold R. WolffCouncil on the Graduate School of BusinessWeston R. Christopherson, ChairmanJean AllardThomas G. AyersNorman Barker, Jr.Roland BarstbwWilliam O. BeersEugene P. BergPhilip D. Block, Jr.Archie R. BoeWallace W. BoothRobert E. BrookerJames W. ButtonRaymond N. CarlenMarvin ChandlerArlys M. ConradIra G. Corn, Jr.Willie DavisCharles H. DavisonDonald N. FreyJohn P. GallagherJames J. GlasserRalph E. GomoryRobert C. GunnessRobert P. GwinnAllan C. HamiltonDavid K. HardinJames W. HardingIrving B. HarrisRobert S. IngersollDavid J. JonesHarvey KapnickThomas A. KellyHarry W. KirchheimerJohn H. KorablithJames H. LeonardAlvin W. LongPaul F. LorenzRay W. MacdonaldJohn A. MattmillerOscar G. MayerGail M. MelickWilliam C. MushamJoshua A. MussGeorge V. MyersJohn NevinEllmore C. PattersonHart PerryPeter G. Peterson Philip J. PurcellRobert W. RenekerDon H. ReubenGeorge G. RinderRalph S. SaulRobert M. ShehanGeorge L. ShinnBeryl SprinkelAllen P. StultsPhilip W. K. Sweet, Jr.T. M. ThompsonRobert C. UptonJ. W. Van GorkomC. R. Walgreen IIIEdward J. WilliamsChristopher W. WilsonLawrence M. WoodsJoseph S. WrightWilliam T. YlvisakerTheodore O. YntemaVisiting Committee to the CollegeArthur W. Schultz, ChairmanBarbara P. AndersonEdward L. Anderson, Jr.Rochelle D. AschheimWarren H. BaconNorman Barker, Jr.John Jay BerwangerBland B. Button, Jr.Virginia ButtsDr. Richard Allen ChaseEmmett DedmonJohn F. Dille, Jr.Robert J. GreenebaumMrs. Joan N. HertzbergJohn T. HortonCarl F. HovdeVernon JordanWilliam H. JosephsonW. Rea KeastJulius LewisJohn V. LongE. Wilson LyonLeslie J. MaitlandJohn G. MorrisBradley H. Patterson, Jr.Christopher S. PeeblesThe Hon. Charles H. PercyWalter PozenWilliam ProvineMina S. ReesSaul S. ShermanDaniel C. Smith17Louise Hoyt SmithDavid B. TrumanRobert C. UptonF. Champion WardDr. Nancy E. WarnerPhilip C. WhiteEdwin P. WileyThe Hon. Hubert L. WillVisiting Committee to the Divinity SchoolKingman Douglass, Jr., ChairmanRussell M. BairdRosecrans BaldwinRobert L. Berner, Jr.Kenneth BlockHerbert BronsteinLeo J. CarlinMarvin ChandlerJohn C. ColmanJohn F. ConnorPatty CrowleyMilton F. Darr, Jr.Earl B. DickersonGaylord DonnelleyStephen P. DurchslagJohn P. GallagherDonald A. GilliesJohn GiuraJames D. HemphillElmer W. JohnsonCharles W. Lake, Jr.Dr. C. Phillip MillerLeo R. NewcombeMrs. John NuveenKeith I. ParsonsMrs. John Shedd ReedMrs. Robert W. RenekerJames T. RhindGeorge L. SeatonGeorge F. SislerRobert StuartWeathers Y. SykesGeorge H. WatkinsClinton YouleVisiting Committee to the Center for Far ]StudiesEmmett Dedmon, ChairmanA. Robert AbboudJames C. AbegglenKunihiko AdachiGeorge R. BakerNeal Ball Robert L. BeanJack D. BeemJames F. BereJoseph L. BlockLeland C. CarstensFranklin A. ColeThomas H.^CoulterJohn DayLouis F. Dempsey IIIJeannette Shambaugh ElliottFrank GibneyMortimer B. HarrisJames H. IngersollRobert S. IngersollMrs. Robert S. IngersollPaul R. JudyShigeyasu KatoProf. Mary S. LawtonMrs. Edward H. LeviMrs. John Sterry LongEmerson J. LyonsRobert F. McCulloughWilliam J. McDonoughBarry L. MacLeanMrs. Robert H. MalottHiroshi MatsushitaKenneth F. MontgomeryMrs. Robert A. PritzkerIra QuintMrs. George A. RanneyThe Hon. John D. Rockefeller IVIwao ShinoMrs. Lyle SpencerOliver StatlerEdward F. SwiftVisiting Committee to the Division of theHumanitiesEdwin A. Bergman, ChairmanJames W. AlsdorfCharles BentonBowen BlairMrs. Andrew BlockMrs. George V. BobrinskoyMichael BraudeMrs. James R. CoulterMrs. Lester CrownMrs. Edison DickGaylord DonnelleyMrs. Kingman Douglass, JnStanley M. FreehlingLee A. Freeman, Jr.Paul FrommMrs. Willard A. Fry18Bertrand GoldbergRichard GrayLeo S. GuthmanCharles C. Haffner IIIFranklin E. HorwichMrs. Glen A. LloydEarle LudginMrs. Frank D. MayerMrs. Frank D. Mayer, Jr.Robert L. MetzenbergMrs. C. Phillip MillerMrs. Ralph J. MillsMrs. Gilbert H. OsgoodMrs. Walter P. PaepckeGeorge A. PooleNorman RossMrs. Paul S. RussellCalvin P. SawyierJoseph R. ShapiroAlfred C. Stepan, Jr.Gardner H. SternCharles Swan sonMrs. John P. WellingMrs. Frank H. WoodsGeorge B. YoungVisiting Committee to the Law SchoolGeorge A. Ranney, Sr., ChairmanG. Marshall AbbeyThe Hon. William J. BauerRichard B. Berry manBennett BoskeyJo Ann L. ChandlerMilton H. CohenJack CorinblitLloyd N. CutlerMs. Samayla Dodek DeutchJohn A. EcklerThe Hon. George C. Edwards, Jr.James H. EvansThe Hon. Daniel M. FriedmanSybille C. FritzscheMaurice FultonThe Hon. Thomas G. GeeJames T. Gibson, Jr.Prof. Mary Ann GlendonIrving H. GoldbergJames C. GoodaleThe Hon. John F. GradyJames E. HautzingerC. J. HeadWilliam B. JohnsonMs. Roberta KarmelRobert Karrer Paul KitchHoward R. KovenMs. Lillian KraemerMorris LeibmanThe Hon. Charles L. LevinFrank McLoraineThe Hon. Prentice H. MarshallCheryl White MasonMs. Barbara W. MatherKenneth F. MontgomeryDonna M. MuraskyBernard J. NussbaumMs. Michele L. OdorizziThe Hon. Barrington D. ParkerThe Hon. James B. ParsonsKenneth C. PrinceThe Hon. Charles B. RenfrewDon H. ReubenJames T. RhindThe Hon. Abraham RibicoffEsther R. RothsteinDavid M. RubensteinMichael L. ShakmanDaniel C. SmithWilliam Bowman Spann, Jr.Harold R. Tyler, Jr.Linda E. Van WinkleRobert J. VollenIra T. WenderThe Hon. William Sylvester WhiteVisiting Committee to the LibraryGaylord Donnelley, ChairmanEvelyn Stefansson Nef, Vice-ChairmanMrs. Michael ArlenRoger BensingerDavid BorowitzEugene A. DavidsonJames R. DonnelleyDaniel J. EdelmanRichard EldenMaurice FultonMrs. Raymond W. GarbeAnn Dudley GoldblattO. B. HardisonGertrude HimmelfarbMrs. Michael J. KlowdenJulius LewisHenry Luce IIIStephen McCarthyJohn Peter McDonaldAndrew McNally IVPhilip L. MetzgerMrs. C. Phillip Miller19Jeffrey C. NealKenneth NebenzahlFranklin B. OrwinMax PalevskyGeorge A. PooleVictoria Post RanneyGordon N. RayMrs. Joseph Regenstein, Sr.Mrs. Robert W. RenekerRutherford RogersSamuel RosenthalMrs. Earl W. ShapiroHermon D. SmithJames H. StoneRalph TylerMrs. H. Alex Vance, Jr.Dr. Robert Ash WallaceEdward H. WeissVisiting Committee to the Department of MusicMrs. Marian S. Harris, ChairmanMrs. A. Watson Armour IIIMrs. Claude BarnettBruno BartolettiArnold BerlinMrs. Thomas Boodell, Jr.Mrs. Kenneth A. BroGitta Gradova CottleMrs. Lester CrownAnita Staub DarrowMrs. William R. Dickinson, Jr.Mrs. Stanton FriedbergPaul FrommMrs. Willard GidwitzBertrand GoldbergBenny GoodmanMrs. Joan HarrisDonal HenahanMargaret HillisDr. Imre HornerPaul C. HumeMrs. H. Thomas JamesGeorge Fred KeckAlbert H. NewmanLucille OllendorffDr. Maria Weigl PiersHenry RegneryMrs. James T. RhindNorman RossSir Georg SoltiJohn SteinerMrs. Robert D. Stuart, Jr.Mrs. J. Harris Ward Visiting Committee to the Oriental InstituteMrs. George G. Cameron, ChairmanRussell M. BairdMrs. Russell M. BairdArthur S. BowesHarvey W.*Branigar, Jr.Robert E. BrooferMrs. Cameron BrownGeorge G. CameronMrs. G. Corson EllisIsak V. GersonMrs. Isak V. GersonAlbert F. HaasMarshall M. HollebMrs. Marshall M. HollebWilliam O. HuntMrs. John LivingoodJohn F. MerriamMrs. John F. MerriamMrs. C. Phillip MillerAlbert H. NewmanMrs. Albert H. NewmanWilliam J. RobertsMaurice D. SchwartzJeffrey R. Short, Jr.William M. SpencerMrs. Theodore D. TiekenMrs. Chester D. TrippRoderick S. WebsterMrs. Roderick S. WebsterVisiting Committee to the Division of the PhysicalSciencesMalcolm K. Brachman, ChairmanLuis W. AlvarezEdwin N. AsmannWallace B. Behnke, Jr.Dewitt W. Buchanan, Jr.Donald W. CollierC. Russell CoxEdward E. David, Jr.John H. DoedeWilliam L. EversHerbert FriedmanLeo GoldbergHerman H. GoldstineRobert C. GunnessRobert P. GwinnRobert M. HalperinKarl F. HoeneckeJames S. Hudnall20Robert M. HuntJohn S. IvyArthur L. KellyWinston E. KockJohn O. LoganFrank W. LuerssenJames A. McDivittThe Hon. Hans MarkEdward A. MasonJoseph E. MayerPeter G. PetersonRobert A. PritzkerThe Hon. Harrison H. SchmittHorace D. TaftErnest H. VolwilerGerald WestbyLynn WilliamsSam B. WilliamsJoseph S. WrightChen Ning YangVisiting Committee to the Committee on PublicPolicy StudiesRobert S. Ingersoll, ChairmanAlan S. BoydJames H. DouglasStanford J. GoldblattRobert C. GunnessIrving B. HarrisBen W. Heine manFerdinand KramerJohn W. McCarter, Jr.Michael H. MoskowArthur C. Nielsen, Jr.Richard B. OgilviePeter G. PetersonDon K. PriceArthur E. Rasmus senHermon D. SmithElmer B. StaatsCharles B. StauffacherSydney Stein, Jr.Edgar B. Stern, Jr.Donald C. StoneJ. W. Van GorkomVisiting Committee to the Division of the SocialSciencesJames W. Button, ChairmanMrs. Richard AlschulerMrs. Edwin AsmannWilliam H. Avery Vincent BarabbaThomas J. BataCharles BentonGeorge T. BogertMrs. George T. BogertWilliam H. Brady, Jr.Cameron BrownMrs. Cameron BrownPeter B. ClarkWilliam N. ClarkJane CoulsonJohn S. CoulsonJoseph EpsteinJustin M. FishbeinMaurice FultonF. Sewall GardnerMartin GardnerI. A. GrodzinsCarl R. HansenHuntington HarrisAugustin S. Hart, Jr.Margaret HartJames H. IngersollJoseph KraftJ. Roderick MacArthurAndrew McNally IIICharles J. MerriamJohn U. NefEvelyn Stefansson NefArthur C. Nielsen, Jr.Harry M. Oliver, Jr.Leslie PaffrathDavid Pro wittHenry RegneryMax Schiff, Jr.Arthur W. SchultzMrs. Charles P. SchwartzLeo ShapiroRobert M. ShehanLeonard SilkLyle M. Spencer, Jr.Beryl W. SprinkelCharles B. StauffacherEdgar Stern, Jr.Max I. StuckerPeter N. TodhunterRichard WareGeorge H. WatkinsClinton YouleVisiting Committee to the School of Social ServiceAdministrationStanley G. Harris, Jr., Chairman21Joseph P. AntonowMrs. John J. BerganPhilip D. Block, Jr.John A. Bross, Jr.James Brown IVDr. Kenneth B. ClarkDavid W. DanglerWilliam W. DarrowSidney EpsteinCharles R. FeldsteinMrs. Robert L. FooteMrs. Zollie S. FrankMrs. Herbert S. GreenwaldIrving B. HarrisMortimer B . HarrisMrs. Ben W. HeinemanDavid C. HilliardMrs. W. Press HodgkinsPeter HuntDr. Anna J. JulianGeorge KelmMrs. Lazarus KrinsleyElliot LehmanMrs. Robert B. MayerHenry W. MeersMrs. Bernard D. MeltzerKenneth F. MontgomeryPaul L. MullaneyKenneth NewbergerMrs. George A. RanneyJoseph Regenstein, Jr.James T. RhindLawrence K. SchnadigMerrill ShepardHermon D. SmithGardner H. Stern, Jr.Bernice WeissbourdMaynard I. WishnerVisiting Committee on Student ProgramsFacilitiesMrs. Samuel W. Block, ChairmanWilliam H. AbbottMrs. Lester AbelsonRussell M. BairdFrank P. BaxpehlerJohn Jay BerwangerMrs. Hammond ChaffetzFoster O. ChanockLester CrownJohn P. DaveyBernard J. Del GiornoMrs. Donald Duster Frances Moore FergusonMrs. Raymond GarbeWilliam S. Gray IIIRobert J. GreenebaumMrs. William G. KarnesH. Jonathan KovlerFerdinand KrameraRobert N. MayerMrs. Adolph R. NachmanMichael NemeroffMrs. George A. RanneyJim RuddleRobert E. SamuelsDaniel C. SmithMrs. Richard J. SmithMrs. Harold E. StraussDr. Andrew L. ThomasMrs. George H. WatkinsMrs. Richard WehmanBernard WeissbourdJoel F. ZemansVisiting Committee on the Visual ArtsJulius Lewis, ChairmanEdwin A. BergmanLeigh B. BlockMrs. Owen FairweatherFrancis G. Foster, Jr.Mrs. Francis G. Foster, Jr.Stanley FreehlingAllan FrumkinBruce GrahamRoger S. GriffinSherryl W. GriffinLeo S. GuthmanJohn HerrmannMrs. John HerrmannRichard HuntH. W. JansonEarle LudginMrs. Mary M. McDonaldMrs. Harold T. MartinMrs. Robert MayerMrs. C. Phillip MillerRuth Stein NathJohn RewaldMrs. Henry T. RickettsFranz SchulzeHoward ShankJoseph R. ShapiroRaymond L. SmartHerman SpertusFrank H. Woods22ANNUAL UNIVERSITY MEMORIALSERVICEOn Sunday, November 5, 1978, at 11:00 a.m. inRockefeller Memorial Chapel, the University heldits annual memorial service for those members ofits community who died during 1977/78. E.Spencer Parsons, Dean of Rockefeller MemorialChapel and Professor in the Divinity School, delivered the sermon, "The Measure of a University." Bernard O. Brown, Associate Dean of theChapel and Assistant Professor in the DivinitySchool, read portions of Psalm 145; Larry L.Greenfield, Dean of Students and Assistant Professor in the Divinity School, read selections fromZechariah 2; Margaret K. Rosenheim, Dean of theSchool of Social Service Administration, readselections from Matthew 5; and Hanna H. Gray,President of the University, spoke in commemoration of the deceased members of the community. The necrology:TrusteeAlbert Pick, Jr.Trustee WifeElizabeth BarnardFacultyArthur ArnoldFaculty EmeritiEdith BallwebberEvangeline ColburnM. Edward DavisBenedict S. EinarsonHarry S. EverettFern W. GleiserD wight J. IngleFaculty FamilyLaura FermiD. K. Gerrish Allan T. KenyonWilliam O'MearaErnst W. PuttkammerHarold RosenbergDouglas WaplesGregor WentzelGunvor RefetoffAnne C. Wickum James A. ConnellyElmer H. ConradMichael CostelloEthel CouttsHenrietta DeaneFlorence B. DunkleBessie Lee FlaggFletcher FranklinLeo T. FurnasFrancis HatchLionel HolmesJun ItoLuella LockhardtVirginia B. MitchellHoward MortGeorge Henry MortonJoseph PareR. Edward ParkGlen PetersonHomer PorterKathryn PorterJay B. Reed Anita SandkeRobert Gordon SchoepsMarie SchranzOla Mae SolomonIsabel SouthworthJoseph SpellarDavid SullivanKonrad SzlakMargaret TafelEugene B. ThomasSheila ThomasAnastasia M. ThompsonLola Mae TuckerCora VaughnEdith B. WagnerArthur WernerAddie Mae WilliamsSusie B. YarbroughBruno YurgaitesGeorge ZachariasFrank ZinzerRelated Boards and Associated StaffRaymond J. AckermanHarold H. BaumannWilliam M. BeauregardHoward BolinHarold S. BorsomOtto CappsHoward O. EdfeldtCharles FenclMax FreyLeonard J. GagolaJohn E. GoedertDouglas M. HallHenry C. HedinVera HeitschWalter HuffmasterJohn E. JacobsonFrank J. KrupkaAnton C. LibalRaymond Martinez Edward S. MatulaBilly McCurdyRaymond M. MichalekEdward J. OlsenEdward A. PerryHomer F. PlainBrasel ProffittJoseph B. RadziwonRobert S. SadlerJames H. SaftHerman W. Schoob, Sr.Joseph A. SpanheimerWilliam D. ThompsonNora TrimDonald O. VanPlewCharles M. WalterEmma V. WolterRandall E. WrightStudentsEdward Francis HoganCandace L. Hutchison Peter Russell Olsen Alumni and Former Members of the UniversitySilent prayers were offered for all alumni andformer members of the University.StaffMaude R. AndersonRubye AndersonFay ArchibaldJoseph BajorekAnn Watson Barber Margaret F. BayneEdward R. BeckMichael BenkoJulia BernheimMary Berryman23REPORT OF THE STUDENT OMBUDSMANFOR THE SUMMER QUARTER, 1978By Jack D. OhringerOctober 1, 1978During the summer quarter the ombudsman'soffice received thirty complaints and inquiries, asignificant reduction relative to the amount received during other academic quarters, howeverin direct proportion to the diminished size of thestudent body during the summer.A surprisingly large number of cases concerneda variety of housing problems. This is most likelydue to the fact that students often use the lesshectic summer term as a time to seek out accomodations for the impending academic year. As theavailability of suitable nondormitory housing inHyde Park diminishes, the number of grievancesincluded in this category will increase. Studentshave become increasingly resourceful in theirhousing searches. Many students who work morethan twenty hours a week as University employees have discovered that they qualify for staffhousing benefits. In the past, staff housingbenefits weren't a domain the ombudsman neededto tread* however, this appears to be changing.Staff Housing has policies which are unwritten,and being only verbal, they give the students animpression of being arbitrarily enforced.Specifically, two cases we received concernedgroups of student/employees who wanted to rentapartments (a three-bedroom apartment for threeemployees, a two-bedroom apartment for twoemployees) . They were informed that Staff Housing only rents these larger apartments to staffmembers with families, and not to groups of staffmembers. It is perhaps understandable that thehousing office does not want to expend its primeresources on a population of students that oftenhas other means available to it, such as dormitories and student government housing search.Whether this is true or not, the problem could bealleviated by a written set of guidelines clearlyexpressing qualifications and conditions for inhabiting staff housing. This was not necessary inthe past when housing was more readily available,but students are becoming more sophisticated intheir quest for dwellings, and will rightfully em-ploy all resources available to them, whetherthese resources were originally intended for students or not. To avoid appearing capricious, allhousing offices should make qualifications extremely explicit. Staff Housing isn't the only hous ing office employing this practice, as a similarproblem arose with Married Student Housing. Ayoung married man who had spent a number ofyears serving as a naval officer sought housinghere over the summer, as he was to commence hisgraduate studies this fall. He had acquired furniture during his years in the service and required atwo-bedroom apartment to contain it. MarriedStudent Housing informed him that multi-bedroom apartments were only allocated to students with children. This is only a verbal policy,albeit a reasonable one if there is a demand forhousing of students with children, but it should bestated in writing so that there is no suspicion ofarbitrariness or prejudice.The ombudsman's office received some complaints and questions from students regardingdealings they had with their private landlords. Theombudsman is not in a position to act outside ofthe University, but we do communicate with various housing organizations and can refer studentsor make inquiries to them.On the other side of the coin, the ombudsmanreceived a complaint from a landlord who wantedcompensation for considerable damage done tohis building by University students who were histenants. For the above reason we did not attemptto solve the private landlord's difficulty. This situation is deplorable in that the irate landlord will nolonger be willing to rent to students, making iteven more difficult for students to find desirableapartments.Many grievances have arisen during the yearfrom the undefined status of students who havecompleted their classwork and are writing dissertations. They find it difficult or unnecessary tocontinue paying partial tuition at a time when theirfinancial pressures are often very great. Thesestudents do not have the privileges normallyavailable to students, including access to librariesand the gymnasium, inexpensive group health insurance, student health and student housing. Thestudents could be placed in a newly defined category and charged an appropriate fee for theseprivileges. To require payment of tuition fees forthese privileges at a time when classes are notbeing utilized is an unjust and expensive burden.The University of Chicago is committed to theadvancement of scholarship and should not turnits back on these scholars during a difficult time intheir lives.Jack D. Ohringer was the University Ombudsmanfor the 1977-78 term.24REPORT OF THESTUDENT OMBUDSMANFOR THE AUTUMN QUARTER, 1978By Gail J. HankinsJanuary 15, 1979During the 1978 autumn quarter, the Office of theStudent Ombudsman handled a total of fifty-eightgrievances involving a total of sixty- seven students, three alumni, and one post-doc. In addition, we responded to numerous requests for information, direction, or advice. A few moreundergraduates than graduate students broughtcomplaints. Just over half the complaints werebrought by men. These figures show that womenand undergraduates utilized the office somewhatmore frequently than one might expect from theratio of men to women and of graduates to undergraduates in the student body.We were able to resolve two- thirds of the complaints to the satisfaction of the students. Of thecases remaining, fifteen were not resolved to thestudents' satisfaction and three did not require adecision as much as an explanation.The grievances varied considerably in theirseriousness and complexity. In some cases, theproblem could be resolved by a single phone callwhile others required extended contact over aperiod of several weeks. The grievances can begrouped into four categories according to theircauses:1. student, error, ignorance, or misinterpretation of an existing rule;2. institutional error or oversight;3. inability to reach the person who could dosomething about the problem or to move him tofurther action;4. inflexible University policy.The first three types of cases represent two-thirds of the grievances brought to my attention:Twelve involved student error, nineteen institutional error, and ten delay. We were able tocorrect all the situations involving institutionalerror and delay. Even when the problem resultedfrom student error or lack of knowledge, we wereable to resolve the problem in six, or half, of thecases.Cases involving a change of policy are, ofcourse, far more difficult; frequently a policy mustbe repeatedly challenged and many battles lost before it is changed. And sometimes, of course, itprobably should not be changed. In the cases involving University policies, eighteen in all, we were able to resolve two to the students' satisfaction; in four cases, a compromise solution wasproposed; in three, the present policy merely required elucidation; and in nine, the student had toabide by the present policy. Sometimes the rationale behind the policy, when properly understood, was itself sufficient to alleviate the problemor, at least, make it easier to live with.When a policy perennially caused trouble, Iusually found the administration open to suggestion and willing to seek workable solutions to thecomplex issues involved. In one case, for example, involving women's athletics, the athletic department showed that it was flexible and eager todo whatever was possible within an establishedframework to accommodate the students.In the context of all the fifty-eight grievances wereceived, two areas of the University seem tostand out as "problem areas": student housingand student health. Two more, financial aid andthe Office of the Comptroller, also generated a fairnumber of complaints. Whereas the complaints- about the Office of Financial Aid and the Office ofthe Comptroller resulted from the slow processingof loan applications and paychecks, the problemspertaining to the housing office and StudentHealth were more complex, and in some casesrevealed that re- examination or clarification of aparticular policy was necessary.Before I discuss several of these problems, Ithink a word about the attitude of the administration towards my office is in order. Over the courseof its ten-year history, the Office of the StudentOmbudsman has developed a cordial working relationship with many sectors of the University. Ihave found many on the staff to be very helpful,fair, and efficient. Most are acutely aware thatthey are here above all to serve students and do allthey can to convey this. impression to the studentbody — not always an easy task when faced with amountain of paperwork, deadlines, and the constant interruption of phone calls. But sometimesthey fail, and by the time a student comes to seeme, he is thoroughly frustrated and angered bywhat he sees as unnecessary delay, a run-around,or a total lack of sympathy. When I intercede onhis behalf, the problem is usually resolved withina few hours or a few days .One example of such a problem involved seventeen library employees who had not been issuedtheir paychecks at the end of October. Many werepoor, part-time student employees. The error wasdiscovered and the library made repeated attempts to solve the problem with the comptroller's office. By the time I was asked to intervene,25nearly a week had passed, and the checks werealready on their way to the library.What was striking about this problem, however,was the utter lack of inter- and intradepartmentalcommunication that it demonstrated. Even moredisturbing was the inability of those involved tofind an efficient remedy to the problem after thefirst attempt to remedy the situation had beenthwarted.Given the amount of paperwork flowing throughthe Office of the Comptroller, human error cannever be eradicated completely. But in the wakeof this problem and others like it, I have suggestedto the comptroller's office that the need for team-rwork be impressed upon its employees. It is inexcusable that an employee should not alert hissupervisor to a problem. It is incomprehensiblethat one office should experience so much difficulty in dealing with another. It seems to me thatthis type of problem should be the easiest toavoid.Student housing was the most frequent target ofcomplaints this quarter, fifteen in all. Of these,seven pertained to Married Student Housing andeight to Single Student Housing. We were generally successful when the problem concernedspeeding up repair work or appeals for exceptionsto a housing contract. When the grievance involved a change in policy or reversal of a bill fordamages, we were not.Three of the eight Single Student Housing casesinvolved a bill for damages. In two cases the student thought the bill unfair; in the third, the student was experiencing difficulty in paying the billfor a door she had not broken.In the first case, a chair had been tossed out aseventh story window. The identity of the culpritand the state of the chair prior to its descent toearth were the subject of controversy. Beforecoming to the ombudsman's office, the studentshad already appealed their case to the housingoffice. We concurred with the housing office thatthe students' arguments were fallacious. Dormitory residents are responsible for all the furniturein their room. We suggested they swallow the bitter pill.In the second case the student thought an errormight have been made in his bill. He thereforeasked to see a copy 6Hhe original bill, i.e., the billpresented to the University by the outside contractor. In the student's opinion this was a reasonable request: the student, knowing that theUniversity was passing on the cost of the repair tohim, wanted to verify that no mistake had been made. The housing office, however, did not see itthat way. It maintained that:1. the student's request represented an insult tothe integrity of the University.2. the student's request was unorthodox, thatis, not in accordance with normal business procedure. (A comparison was drawn between thissituation and one in which a person had damaged his hotel room. The person would receivea bill from the hotel, not from the carpenter,upholsterer, etc. He would assume the hotelwas acting in good faith, that the bill was correct, and he would pay it.)3. the student does not have the right to see theoriginal bill.4. the bill itself was not unfair. The cost of materials and hourly wage were in line with today's prices. The time seemed reasonable inview of the nature of the repair.The repair work had been done in the course ofrefurbishing the Shoreland and the charge included in the overall bill. The bill the student received originated from an oral statement given tothe manager of the Shoreland by the workmanwho made the repair. This is normal procedure.The Shoreland then issued a bill to the housingoffice which included an itemization of the stepsinvolved. Because of his persistance, the studenteventually received a copy of this bill.At the heart of the dispute was the student'scontention that the time taken to complete the jobhad been inflated. His suspicion had been reinforced by another workman who claimed thatthe job should have required only half the time.For this reason the student felt that the Universityshould have been willing to investigate the charge.This the University refused to do on the groundsthat, in the final analysis, it was really a case ofone person's word against that of another.The initial reaction of the housing office to thestudent's request exacerbated the situation. Wefelt the student's request was not unreasonable,especially in view of the questioned labor charge.Moreover, it was our understanding that the student had the legal right to see the bill presented tothe University by the outside company when hewas liable for some portion of that bill.In the third case, a glass security door was shattered by an unidentified guest during a large private party. University policy stipulates that a hostis accountable for the behavior of his guests. Consequently, the hostess was informed that shewould be held responsible for the damage.Although the party took place at the end of the26third week of the spring quarter, the student didnot receive the bill until mid-August. Only thendid she realize that the bill would put a substantialdent into her budget. Perhaps the student wasnaive not to have anticipated such a large bill.Perhaps she should have taken the initiative lastspring to find out how high the bill would be. But,on the other hand, perhaps the administration alsohas a responsibility to counsel the student in suchcases. Surely someone in the housing office, residence halls and commons, or the residence hallitself knew approximately how large the bill wouldbe. Why wasn't the student told? When the student was advised of her liability for the shattereddoor, why was it not strongly suggested to her thatshe appeal to her guests for contributions to helpher cover the cost of the repair? After all, she hadgiven the party for the other students. They allenjoyed themselves. It seems unfair that sheshould be singled out as the innocent victim ofanother student's maleficent carelessness.The outcome of this case is still pending. Thestudent has decided to appeal to the present residents of the house as well as to some of the otherguests. Unfortunately, her argument will be considerably less persuasive than it would have beenlast spring when the party was still fresh in everyone's mind and the residents of the house werethose invited to the party.This situation raises the issue of the University's role as a surrogate parent. It is the consensus among students, faculty, and administration that students at the University of Chicago areadults and should be treated accordingly. It is assumed that the student is intelligent, capable oftaking care of himself , and responsible for his actions. It is assumed that the student does not wantthe University to interfere in his life-. And in general, these assumptions are correct. Yet, in myopinion there are occasions when the Universityshould assume a parental role, when it should stepin to aid or counsel the student. This is an exampleof just such a case. Here the student was confronted with a situation in which she did not knowwhat to expect or what her options were. I wouldlike to think that someone explained the situationwith all of its ramifications to her just as I wouldlike to think the University took bids on the repairjob before hiring the glazier.1 The student saw noevidence of this however. A tip or helping hand1 Although the student did not specifically protest against thelabor charge, we felt that eight hours of labor to replace twopanes of glass was somewhat out of line. from an advisor or resident head — even ifunsolicited— might have opened the student'seyes to possibilities she had not yet considered.Generally speaking, students who attend partiesgiven by other students expect to help defray thehost's expenses by "bringing their own booze."They assume that the host, like themselves, isstrapped for funds. Similarly, I would expect students who attended a party to be willing to contribute towards unforeseen expenses resultingfrom the party. In fact, I would think that all theguests—not only the host — are responsible forwhat goes on at a party and should be prepared toaccept the consequences of their behavior.The outcome of these cases leaves several questions unanswered:1 . Should a student have the option of repairingdamage himself or of making arrangements forthe repair work (e.g., hiring his own contractor)?2. Should there be a mechanism by which thestudent could appeal a questionable bill?3. Is the University doing enough to ensure thatthe bills it receives are not inflated?Although the University obviously does not throwmoney out the window, I have detected a reluctance to question labor charges. Although acharge may only be nickels and dimes to the University, when it is passed oil to the student it maybe a formidable blow to his budget.People living in non- University housing knowthat a rental lease contains many clauses, most ofwhich protect the landlord rather than the tenant.And some students living in Married StudentHousing (MSH) found their leases no exception.Last quarter, four grievances concerning thecontractual agreement with MSH were brought tomy attention. In two cases, the difficulty stemmedfrom the "stringent" qualifications for MSH, inthe third, from the lack of a concise statement inMSH literature of the student's obligations toMSH when an apartment is held for him withouthis explicit consent, and in the fourth, from hardship resulting from early termination of a lease.In the first two cases, unmarried coupleswanted to rent apartments from MSH. Accordingto MSH policy, only married couples may occupyapartments in the MSH system.2 Housing for married students is separated from that of single students with good reason: Married students usually2Over the past few years a special arrangement has been madeto allow the Single Student Housing Office to rent blocks ofrooms in certain buildings to accommodate its overflow.27have a different life-style from that of their unmarried peers; in the past, mixing the two hasproved unsatisfactory to all concerned.In the first case, the couple was planning tomarry but could not do so before the beginning ofwinter quarter. In their case an exception wasmade. In the other case, the students did not believe in the institution of marriage and consideredtheir ten-year relationship significant proof oftheir commitment to each other. Nonetheless, thepolicy of restricting MSH to legally marriedcouples prevailed.One of the most complex problems I handledconcerned a visiting research assistant who hadapplied for MSH. When he was assigned anapartment, he wrote MSH saying he would notaccept it sight unseen and that he would be arriving late. He heard nothing more from MSH andcalled shortly before his arrival to determine ifthere were any apartments still available. Therewere and one would be held for him.At issue is whether the visiting research assistant, a foreigner, should have been held responsible for the rent from that point on. When heand his family arrived in Hyde Park, they judgedthe apartment ill-suited to their needs, wereshown several others, and settled on one of them.They were informed that it would have to be decorated before they could move in. It was not untilhe returned to the MSH office several weeks laterto sign the lease that he was told that he owed amonth's rent on the other apartment. Accordingto the research assistant, this had not beenmentioned in any of his previous contacts withMSH. He was outraged that the MSH policy hadnot been made clear in response to his letter orduring the telephone conversation or upon hisarrival. Had he understood, he said that he wouldnot have acquiesced to MSH's offer to hold anapartment for him.On the other hand, the MSH office claimed thathis responsibility for the rent had been adequatelyexplained to the complainant. Moreover, whenthe research assistant requested MSH to hold anapartment he implicitly had consented to pay therent. His unfamiliarity with American customs didnot excuse him for standard business procedure inmost foreign countries is quite similar. Althoughthe MSH office will hold an apartment only uponreceipt of the "Acceptance of Housing Assignment" form, an oral agreement is equally binding.We argued that the research assistant shouldnot have to pay any portion of the rent heallegedly owed. The MSH office had ample timeand opportunity to elucidate their policies to himin writing and hacbfailed to do so. The content of the oral agreement made during the overseas telephone conversation was disputed. We did notthink that the foreigner should be held accountable for something he had not understood.After lengthy negotiations with various officesin the University,, the research assistant got hismoney back. At my suggestion MSH is revising itsbrochure to incorporate a statement concerningthe obligations of a tenant who arrives late.The fourth case concerned a couple who askedto be released from their contract in the middle ofthe quarter because, after some delay, theirmortgage on a house came through. They weretold that they could be released only at the end ofthe academic quarter.3 If they chose to leave before then, they would have to pay rent for thewhole quarter. It is not possible, they were told,to sublet MSH apartments nor is it possible for achildless couple to move into an apartment setaside for couples with children. As a result, in thiscase, an appropriate couple could not be foundand the complainants had to bear the burden ofdouble rent.The couple did not object to the University'spolicy of obligating its students on a quarterlybasis (for this is preferable to most) but to thepresent restrictions on who may occupy the largerMSH apartments. A couple without children whodesires a two-bedroom apartment is forced to seekit outside the University housing system while, insome instances at least, some larger MSH unitsstand empty. Perhaps it would be possible to finda way for childless couples to obtain larger apartments through a lottery system.MSH evidently has many unwritten policies.Unwritten policies are both desirable and necessary for any organization; they allow latitude indealing with exceptional cases. However, it is alsoapparent that some MSH policies — both writtenand unwritten — demand re-examination and clarification, and a few of the unwritten policies needto be put in writing.A change in the procedures for waiving participation in the University student hospitalizationplan triggered a number of complaints this quarter. In the past, the student needed only the policynumber of a comparable group insurance policy tobe exempted from the University's. This year theUniversity required written evidence of such coverage in the form of some identification, such as amembership card. Although a letter was sent toeach undergraduate and to each entering graduatestudent in August explaining the new procedure,3 This policy is elucidated in detail in MSH literature and thecouple was fully aware of it.28over one thousand students failed to heed it. Inearly November these students received a secondletter informing them that they had to presentproof by November 17. Should they fail to do so,their registration would be restricted and theywould be fined $45. Unfortunately, this letter arrived too late for a number of students to obtainproof from home. Seven of them came to see meindividually. We were able to arrange for theirregistration not to be restricted. For others, thequestion of the steep fine remains. The fine isviewed as a punitive measure by the administration and is not to be confused with the cost of thepremium. Its purpose is to ensure that each student has a comprehensive health insurance policy.It is hoped that the substantial fine will eliminatecases where the student who claims coverage really has no coverage at all. In the past, StudentHealth has had to pick up the tab each year forseveral students who failed to take out health insurance until they became seriously ill. Becausethe cost of the individual policy is calculated onthe basis of the projected number of participantsin the program, students who wait to take out aninsurance policy until they become sick drive upthe price of the policy to the individual.Two complaints dealt with that ever populartopic of grumbling: food. This topic was also frequently mentioned at the sherry hours I attendedat the dormitories. One student complained aboutthe disappearance of the food trucks from campus. These trucks had offered a popular alternative to cafeteria and coffee shop fare. I would liketo reiterate here the reasons for the University'sdecision to ban the trucks for those who were noton campus this summer:1. The food trucks violated a city ordinancewhich prohibits vending from a vehicle parkedwithin 200 yards ofa school, and2. Parked near the bookstore and in front of thelibrary, the trucks constituted a safetyhazard — one student, in fact, wound up on thehood of a passing car.Despite these concerns, the ordinance had notbeen enforced consistently for several years.Consequently the trucks may have continued tovend their wares on campus had a staff membernot found maggots in her Italian beef. I understand that it was this staff member who called thecity health officials. The University now demandsthat the city ordinance be enforced.This is not to say that the University community would not be well served by the existence ofother culinary alternatives on campus. Indeed,particularly in the evening, many students wouldwelcome an alternative to the C-Shop, the Frog and Peach, and the hospital cafeteria. The University should encourage the efforts of others whowish to provide students with inexpensive, readilyaccessible food.Another student inquired about the need forfood coupons. Like many others, he consideredthem an irritation, a waste of money, and a ployby the University to force students to eat in itsdining halls. An investigation of this situation revealed that the coupons originated from a studentinitiative. Faced with the prospect of one dininghall closed each quarter as an economy measure,the coupons were devised as a means to ensure astable financial base for residence halls and commons. Since students in the housing system neednot purchase a meal contract after the first year,the coupons were viewed as a compromise designed to benefit the student body as a whole.A number 6f complaints were raised concerningpre-registration. In each case, the student hadfailed to read all the material he or she had beensent by the College office. (Similar is the insurance problem above.) Since the student is heldresponsible for all the information in the mailings,it seems very foolish not to take the time to readthem and question what one does not understand.One student called to complain that a tuitionpayment he had placed in a "drop-box" had notbeen credited to his account. Unfortunately, thestudent had sent cash and there was nothing Icould do for him. It is never a good idea to sendcash through the mail — United States, FacultyExchange, or drop-box — for, if it is lost, it cannotbe traced.At least one query brought a note of levity tothe ombudsman's office. A student asked us toinvestigate the policy concerning the size of thehead on beer served at the Pub in Ida Noyes Hall.With the aid of the Office of Student Activities andafter exhaustive personal research, we learnedthat, indeed, beer served at the Pub must becrowned with no more than a one-inch head offoam. This policy is strictly enforced.I will conclude by noting four problem areas inwhich considerable progress has been made, atleast partially because of the persistent efforts ofthis office over the years:1. The Student Health policy has been rescinded under which only those visits to theemergency room were paid for which, upon review, were deemed "true emergencies." Thisyear Student Health will cover all visits to theemergency room during hours when the StudentHealth Service itself is not open.It should be noted that last year's policy wasinstituted as a cost-saving measure. This year the29cost of the University's group coverage plan tothe individual has gone up substantially. In orderto keep the cost of their health insurance down,students should never go to the emergency roomwhen the Student Medical Clinic is open or whenthey can hold out until it reopens. Save theemergency room until you really need it — in anemergency.2. Student Gynecology has been moved fromChicago Lying-in to the Student Health Service.As of January 1, a midwife-practitioner is on dutyfull-time. Although it is jstill recommended thatstudents make appointments for routine examinations, it is hoped that this measure will soon makeit possible to receive routine as well as emergencygynecological care on a walk-in basis.3. The state of the athletic facilities traditionally brought many frustrated scholar-athletes tothe ombudsman's office. Since the field houseopened last January, such complaints have become a thing of the past. There is still room forconsiderable improvement, however: men needpermanent locker space in the field house and hairdryers in Ida Noyes; women need adequate drainage and ventilation systems in the locker room inBartlett; scales are needed in all locker rooms inthe field house; and we would all be delighted ifthe long-dreamed-of olympic-size swimming poolwere installed between Bartlett and the fieldhouse.Once work on Phase II of the field house renovation begins, the scholar-athletes will again beinconvenienced temporarily. I hope that they willtake all this in stride.4. In the early 1970s one of the most popularsubjects of complaint was the inadequate canteenfacilities in Regenstein Library/Particularly galling to many students was the lack of fresh coffee.Since then the area has been enlarged, more suitable furniture purchased, and more and differentvending machines added. And now, finally, wehave fresh coffee! The opening of a student-runfood service in the library represents the fulfillment of a wish first expressed when Regensteinopened its doors. Student government deservesour thanks for its considerable effort in organizingEx Libris. With sound support, it is hoped that theservice will soon be" able to extend its hours. ExLibris is a worthy addition to Regenstein, one thatwill enhance the hours the student spends there. Iwish it much success.Gail J. Hankins is the University Ombudsman forthe 1978-79 term. OFFICERS OF THE UNIVERSITYChairman of the Board of Trustees: Robert W.RenekerDeputy Chairman (First Vice-Chairman) of theBoard of Trustees: Robert S. IngersollSecond Vice-Chairman of the Board of Trustees:Joseph S. WrightChairman of the Investment Committee: EdwardMcCormick BlairPresident of the University: Hanna H. GrayProvost: D. Gale JohnsonVice-President for Business and Finance: WilliamB. CannonVice-President for the Medical Center: Robert B.UretzVice-President for Academic Resources and Institutional Planning: Jonathan F. FantonVice-President for Public Affairs: D. J. R. BrucknerVice-President and Dean of Students: Charles D.O'ConnellVice-President for Community Affairs: JonathanKleinbardVice-President and Director of the Office of Sponsored Programs: Cedric L. ChernickVice-President-Comptroller: Harold E. BellTreasurer: Mary PetrieSecretary ^of the Board: Allison DunhamDEANS AND CHAIRMENThe CollegeDean: Jonathan Z. SmithCollegiate Divisions and Their MastersBiological Sciences: Edwin W. TaylorHumanities: W. Braxton Ross, Jr.New Collegiate Division: The Dean (Acting)Physical Sciences: Leon M. StockSocial Sciences: Bernard S. SilbermanThe Division of the Biological Sciences and thePritzker School of MedicineDean and Vice-President for the Medical Center:Robert B. UretzAssociate Vice-President for the Medical Center(Administration) and Executive Director ofHospitals and Clinics: David M. BrayAssociate Vice-President for the Medical Center(Institutional Development): John J. Piva, Jr.30Associate Dean for Michael Reese Hospital Programs: Dr. J. Robert BuchananDean of Students: Joseph J. CeithamlAssociate Dean for Faculty Affairs: Dr. Jarl E.DyrudAssociate Dean for Educational Affairs: Dr.Frank FitchAssociate Dean of Biological Sciences CollegiateDivision and Biological Sciences Division:Edwin W. TaylorAssociate Dean for Research Programs: Dr. JohnE. UltmannDepartments and ChairmenAnatomy: Leonard B. RadinskyAnesthesiology: Dr. Donald W. BensonBiochemistry: Dr. Donald F. SteinerBiology: Edwin W. TaylorBiophysics and Theoretical Biology: RobertHaselkornMedicine: Dr. Alvin R. TarlovMicrobiology: Bernard S. StraussNeurology: Dr. Barry G. W. ArnasonObstetrics and Gynecology: Dr. Arthur L. HerbstOphthalmology: Dr. Frank W. NewellPathology: Dr. Werner H. KirstenPediatrics: Dr. Samuel SpectorPharmacological and Physiological Sciences: Dr.Alfred HellerPsychiatry: Dr. Daniel X. FreedmanRadiology: Dr. John J. FennessySurgery: Dr. David B. SkinnerInstitutes, Centers, and Degree-granting CommitteesBen May Laboratory for Cancer Research: El-wood V. Jensen, DirectorCancer Research Center: Dr. John E. Ultmann,DirectorA. J. Carlson Animal Research Facility: Dr. WardR. Richter, DirectorCommittee on Clinical Pharmacology:^ Dr. Leon I.Goldberg, DirectorCommittee on Developmental Biology: EugeneGoldwasserCommittee on Evolutionary Biology: Lynn H.ThrockmortonCommittee on Genetics: Dr. Wolfgang EpsteinCommittee on Immunology: Dr. Frank W. FitchCommittee on Virology: Bernard RoizmanLaRabida-University of Chicago Institute: Dr.Donald Rowley, DirectorFranklin McLean Memorial Research Institute:Robert N. Beck, Director Zoller Dental Clinic: Dr. Robert A. Goepp (ActingDirector)The Division of the HumanitiesDean: Karl J. WeintraubDepartments and ChairmenArt: Charles C. CohenClassical Languages and Literatures: Arthur W7H. AdkinsEnglish: James E. Miller, Jr.Far Eastern Languages and Civilizations: AkiraIriyeGermanic Languages and Literatures: Clayton T.KoelbHistory: Barry D. KarlLinguistics: Howard I. AronsonMusic: Philip GossettNear Eastern Languages and Civilizations: Edward F. WenteNew Testament and Early Christian Literature:Robert M. GrantPhilosophy: Ted CohenRomance Languages and Literatures: Peter F.DembowskiSlavic Languages and Literatures: Norman W.InghamSouth Asian Languages and Civilizations: EdwardC. Dimock, Jr.Degree-granting CommitteesCommittee on Art and Design: Charles E. CohenCommittee on Analysis of Ideas and Study ofMethods: Charles W. WegenerCommittee on the Ancient Mediterranean World:Arthur W. H. AdkinsCommittee on Comparative Studies in Literature:Edward WasiolekCommittee on the Conceptual Foundations ofScience: William WimsattCommittee on General Studies in the Humanities:Janel M. MuellerCommittee on History of Culture: Karl J. WeintraubThe Division of the Physical SciencesDean: Albert V. CreweDepartments and ChairmenAstronomy and Astrophysics: David N. SchrammChemistry: Josef FriedGeophysical Sciences: Robert N. ClaytonMathematics: Paul J. Sally, Jr.31Physics: Helmut FritzscheStatistics: David L. WallaceInstitutesEnrico Fermi Institute: Peter Meyer, DirectorJames Franck Institute: Robert Gbmer, DirectorYerkes Observatory: Lewis M. Hobbs, DirectorThe Division of the Social SciencesDean: William KruskalDepartments and ChairmenAnthropology: Raymond T. SmithBehavioral Sciences: Norman M. BradburnEconomics: Arnold C. HarbergerEducation: Charles E. BidwellGeography: Norton S. GinsburgHistory: Barry D. KarlPolitical Science: Susanne Hoeber RudolphSocial Thought: Paul WheatleySociology: William J. WilsonOther Degree-recommending UnitsCenter for Latin American Studies: John H.Coats worth, DirectorCenter for Middle Eastern Studies: Marvin Zonis,DirectorCommittee on International Relations: Morton A.Kaplan, ChairmanDivisional Master's Program: Ralph A. Austen,DirectorCenters and CommitteesCenter for Far Eastern Studies: Tetsuo Najita, DirectorCenter for International Studies: Chauncy D.Harris, DirectorCenter for Urban Studies: George S. Tolley, DirectorCommittee on African Studies: Ralph A. Austen,ChairmanCommittee on Slavic Area Studies: Jeremy R. Az-rael, ChairmanCommittee on South Asian Studies: Ronald B. In-den, Chairman Committee on Survey Research: Kenneth J.Prewitt, ChairmanCommunity and Family Study Center: Donald J.Bogue, DirectorMorris Fishbein Center for the Study of the History of Science and Medicine: Arnold W. Ravin, DirectorSouth Asia Language and Area Center: EdwardC. Dimock, Jr., DirectorCommittee on Public Policy StudiesChairman: Robert AliberThe Graduate School of BusinessDean: Richard N. RosettThe Divinity SchoolDean: Joseph M. KitagawaThe Law SchoolDean: Gerhard CasperThe Graduate Library SchoolDean: Don R. SwansonThe School of Social Service AdministrationDean: Margaret K. RosenheimThe University Extension DivisionDean: C. Ranlet LincolnThe Oriental InstituteDirector: John A. BrinkmanThe Sonia Shankman Orthogenic SchoolDirector: Jacquelyn SandersPre-Collegiate EducationDirector: R. Bruce McPhersonRockefeller Memorial ChapelDean: E. Spencer ParsonsThe University LibrariesDirector: Stanley McElderry32DISTINGUISHED SERVICE, NAMED, AND UNIVERSITY PROFESSORSRobert McC. AdamsArthur W. H. AdkinsEdward AndersHerbert L. AndersonGeorge W. BeadleGary S. BeckerSaul BellowBruno BettelheimBenjamin S. BloomWalter J. BlumWayne C. BoothNorman M. BradburnJerald C. BrauerFelix E. BrowderHoward M. BrownAlberto P. CalderonGerhard Casper Harold H. Swift DistinguishedService ProfessorEdward Olson Professor in GreekHorace B. Horton ProfessorDistinguished Service ProfessorWilliam E. Wrather DistinguishedService Professor EmeritusUniversity ProfessorRaymond W. and Martha HilpertGruner Distinguished ServiceProfessorStella M. Rowley DistinguishedService Professor EmeritusCharles H. Swift DistinguishedService ProfessorWilson-Dickinson Professor of LawGeorge M. Pullman DistinguishedService ProfessorTiffany and Margaret BlakeDistinguished Service ProfessorNaomi Shenstone DonnelleyProfessorLouis Block ProfessorFerdinand Schevill DistinguishedService ProfessorUniversity ProfessorMax Pam Professor of American andForeign Law Oriental Institute, Anthropology,Near Eastern Languages andCivilizationsClassical Languages and Literature ,-New Testament and Early ChristianLiterature, PhilosophyChemistry, Enrico Fermi Institute,the CollegePhysics, Enrico Fermi Institute,the CollegeBiology, Committee on Genetics,the CollegeEconomicsCommittee on Social Thought,EnglishEducation, Behavioral Sciences,Psychiatry, Orthogenic SchoolEducationLaw SchoolEnglish, the CollegeBehavioral Sciences, the College,Graduate School of BusinessDivinity SchoolMathematics, the College, Committeeon Conceptual Foundations of ScienceMusic, the CollegeMathematicsLaw School, Political Science33S. ChandrasekharLuis A. CibilsGerhard L. ClossRonald H. CoaseMorrel H. CohenBertram CohlerJames S. ColemanAlbert V. CreweJames W. CroninDavid P. CurrieKenneth W. DamDonald H. DavidsonSidney DavidsonAllison DavisAllen G. Debus Morton D. Hull DistinguishedService ProfessorMary Campau Ryerson ProfessorAlbert A. Michelson DistinguishedService ProfessorClifton R. Musser Professor inEconomicsLouis Block ProfessorWilliam Rainey Harper AssociateProfessor of Social Sciences inthe CollegeUniversity ProfessorWilliam E. Wrather DistinguishedService ProfessorUniversity ProfessorHarry N. Wyatt Professor in LawHarold J. and Marion F. GreenProfessor in InternationalLegal StudiesUniversity ProfessorArthur Young Professor of AccountingJohn Dewey Distinguished ServiceProfessor EmeritusMorris Fishbein Professor ofScience and Medicine Astronomy and Astrophysics,Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute,Committee on ConceptualFoundations of ScienceObstetrics and GynecologyChemistry, the CollegeLaw SchoolJames Franck Institute, Physics,the College, Biophysics andTheoretical BiologyBehavioral Sciences, the CollegeSociologyPhysics, Enrico Fermi Institute,Biophysics and TheoreticalBiology, the CollegePhysics, Enrico Fermi Institute,the CollegeLaw SchoolLaw SchoolEdward C. Dimock, Jr. Distinguished Service ProfessorAlan DonaganAlbert Dorfman Phyllis Fay Horton Professorin the HumanitiesRichard T. Crane DistinguishedService Professor PhilosophyGraduate School of BusinessEducation, Behavioral SciencesHistory, the College, Division of theBiological Sciences,Morris Fishbein CenterSouth Asian Languages andCivilizations, the College,Committee on SouthernAsian StudiesPhilosophyPediatrics, Biochemistry,Committee on Genetics,Committee on Developmental Biology,La Rabida Institute34Allison DunhamDavid Easton Arnold I. Shure Professor inUrban Legal StudiesAndrew MacLeish DistinguishedService Professor Law SchoolPolitical ScienceFrederick R. Eggan Harold H. Swift Distinguished AnthropologyService Professor EmeritusMircea EliadeEdgar G. EppsEugene F. Fama Sewell L. Avery DistinguishedService ProfessorMarshall Field IV Professor inUrban EducationTheodore O. Yntema Professorof Finance Divinity School, Committee onSocial ThoughtEducationGraduate School of BusinessHumberto Fernandez-MoranFrank W. Fitch A. N. Pritzker Professor ofBiophysicsAlbert D. Lasker Professorin Medical Science Division of theBiological SciencesPathology, Committee onImmunology, Franklin McLeanInstituteHarry A. FozzardJohn Hope FranklinDaniel X. FreedmanLawrence Z. Freedman Otho S. A. Sprague Professor ofMedical ScienceJohn Matthews ManlyDistinguished Service ProfessorLouis Block ProfessorFoundations Fund ResearchProfessor Medicine, Pharmacological andPhysiological SciencesHistory, the CollegePsychiatryPsychiatryJosef Fried Louis Block Professor Chemistry, Biochemistry, BenMay LaboratoryMilton Friedman Paul Snowden Russell DistinguishedService Professor EconomicsHerman H. Fussier Martin A. Ryerson DistinguishedService Professor Graduate Library SchoolIgnace J. Gelb Frank P. Hixon DistinguishedService Professor Emeritus Oriental Institute, Linguistics,Near Eastern Languages andCivilizationsEdwin M. Gerow Frank L. Sulzberger Professor ofCivilizations in the College The College, South AsianLanguages and CivilizationsJacob W. Getzels R. Wendell Harrison DistinguishedService Professor Education, Behavioral Sciences35Alan GewirthLangdon B. GilkeyJulian R. GoldsmithLeo A. GoodmanGidon A. G. GottliebFloyd J. GouldRobert M. GrantJames M. GustafsonHans G. GiiterbockJack HalpernEric P. HampArnold C. HarbergerHarry HarootunianChauncy D. HarrisRobert Haselkorn Edward Carson Waller Distinguished PhilosophyService ProfessorPhilip M. HauserArthur L. HerbstPing-ti HoCharles B. Huggins Shailer Mathews ProfessorCharles E. Merriam DistinguishedService Professor ^Charles L. Hutchinson DistinguishedService ProfessorLeo A. Spitz Professor ofInternational LawHobart W. Williams Professorof BusinessCarl Darling Buck Professor ofHumanitiesUniversity ProfessorTiffany and Margaret BlakeDistinguished Service ProfessorEmeritusLouis Block ProfessorRobert Maynard HutchinsDistinguished Service ProfessorGustavus F. and Ann M. SwiftDistinguished Service ProfessorMax Palevsky Professor of Historyand Civilizations in the CollegeSamuel N. Harper DistinguishedService ProfessorFanny L. Pritzker Professor inthe Biological SciencesLucy Flower Professor Emeritus inUrban SociologyJoseph Bolivar DeLee ProfessorJames Westfall Thompson ProfessorWilliam B. Ogden DistinguishedService Professor Emeritus Divinity SchoolGeophysical Sciences, theCollegeStatistics, SociologyLaw SchoolGraduate School of BusinessDivinity School, New Testamentand Early Christian LiteratureDivinity School, the CollegeOriental Institute, NearEastern Languages andCivilizations, LinguisticsChemistry, the CollegeLinguistics, Behavioral SciencesEconomicsHistory, Far Eastern Languagesand CivilizationsGeography, Center forInternational Studies, the CollegeBiophysics and Theoretical Biology,Biochemistry, Chemistry, theCollege, Committee on Genetics,Committee on Developmental BiologySociology, Population ResearchCenterObstetrics and GynecologyHistory, Far Eastern Languagesand CivilizationsBen May Laboratory,Surgery36Clyde A. Hutchison, Jr.Janellen HuttenlocherHalil InalcikMark G. InghramPhilip W. JacksonLeon O. JacobsonMorris JanowitzElwood V. JensenJohn E. JeuckD. Gale JohnsonIrving Kaplan skyBarry D. KarlLeon R. KassSpencer L. KimballJoseph B. KirsnerGwin J. KolbLeonard KriegerWilliam H. KruskalPhilip B. KurlandDonald F. LachEdward H. Levi Carl William EisendrathDistinguished Service ProfessorWilliam S. Gray ProfessorUniversity ProfessorSamuel K. Allison DistinguishedService Professor Chemistry, Enrico FermiInstitute, the CollegeEducation, Behavioral SciencesHistoryPhysics, the CollegeDavid Lee Shillinglaw Distinguished Education, Behavioral SciencesService ProfessorJoseph Regenstein Professor ofBiological and Medical Sciences Franklin McLean Institute,Medicine, the CollegeLawrence A. Kimpton Distinguished Sociology, the CollegeService ProfessorCharles B. Huggins ProfessorRobert Law Professor Ben May Laboratory, Biophysics andTheoretical Biology, Pharmacologicaland Physiological SciencesGraduate School of BusinessEliakim Hastings Moore Distinguished Economics, the CollegeService ProfessorGeorge Herbert Mead Distinguished Mathematics, the CollegeService ProfessorNorman and Edna Freehling Professor History, the CollegeHenry R. Luce Professor inthe Liberal Arts of Human BiologySeymour Logan Professor in LawLouis Block DistinguishedService ProfessorChester D. Tripp Professor inthe HumanitiesUniversity Professor The CollegeLaw SchoolMedicineEnglish, the CollegeHistoryErnest DeWitt Burton Distinguished Statistics, the CollegeService ProfessorWilliam R. Kenan, Jr., Distinguished Law School, the CollegeService Professor in the CollegeBernadotte E. Schmitt ProfessorGlen A. Lloyd DistinguishedService Professor HistoryLaw School, the College37John R. LindsayJames H. LorieEdward E. LowinskySaunders Mac LaneArthur MannMartin E. MartyWilliam H. McNeillPaul MeierBernard D. MeltzerMerton H. MillerWilliam W. MorganNorval R. MorrisBruce A. MorrissetteAron A. MosconaJohn F. MullanRobert S. MullikenYoichiro Nambu Thomas D. Jones Professor EmeritusEli B. and Harriet B. WilliamsProfessor of BusinessFerdinand Schevill DistinguishedService Professor EmeritusMax Mason Distinguished ServiceProfessor SurgeryGraduate School of BusinessMusicMathematics, Committee onConceptual Foundations of Science,the College, Committee onIdeas and MethodsPreston and Sterling Morton Professor HistoryFairfax M. Cone Distinguished Divinity SchoolService ProfessorRobert A. Millikan DistinguishedService ProfessorRalph and Mary Otis IshamProfessorJames Parker Hall ProfessorEdward Eagle Brown Professor ofBanking and FinanceBernard E. and Ellen C. SunnyDistinguished Service ProfessorEmeritusJulius Kreeger Professor of Lawand CriminologyBernard E. and Ellen C. SunnyDistinguished Service ProfessorLouis Block ProfessorJohn Harper Seeley Professor inNeurological SciencesErnest DeWitt Burton DistinguishedService Professor EmeritusHarry Pratt Judson DistinguishedService Professor History, the CollegeStatistics, Pharmacologicaland Physiological Sciences,the CollegeLaw SchoolGraduate School of BusinessAstronomy and AstrophysicsLaw SchoolRomance Languages andLiteraturesBiology, Pathology, the College,Committees on Genetics,Immunology, andDevelopmental BiologySurgery (Neurosurgery), BrainResearch Institute, FranklinMcLean InstitutePhysics, ChemistryPhysics, Enrico Fermi Institute38Phil C. NealFrank NewellElder J. OlsonEugene N. ParkerHelen H. PerlmanRichard A. PosnerMurray RabinowitzArnold W. RavinMelvin W. RederWilliam J. ReidErica ReinerStuart A. RiceHarold A. Richman Harry A. Bigelow Professor of LawJames Nelson and Anna LouiseRaymond ProfessorDistinguished Service ProfessorEmeritusDistinguished Service ProfessorSamuel Deutsch DistinguishedService Professor EmeritusLee and Brena Freeman ProfessorLouis Block ProfessorAddie Clark Harding Professorof Biology and its ConceptualFoundationsIsidore Brown and Gladys J. BrownProfessor in Urban and LaborEconomicsGeorge Herbert Jones ProfessorJohn A. Wilson ProfessorFrank P. Hixon DistinguishedService ProfessorHermon Dunlap Smith ProfessorPaul Ricoeur John Nuveen ProfessorClemens C. J. Roothaan Louis Block ProfessorMargaret K. Rosenheim Helen Ross ProfessorSamuel Sandmel Helen A. Regenstein Professorof Religion Law SchoolOphthalmologyEnglish, the CollegeAstronomy and Astrophysics,Physics, Enrico FermiInstitute, the CollegeSocial Service AdministrationLaw SchoolMedicine, Biochemistry,Franklin McLean InstituteBiology, Microbiology, theCollege, Committee onGenetics, Morris Fishbein Center,Committee on ConceptualFoundations of ScienceGraduate School of BusinessSocial Service AdministrationOriental Institute, Near EasternLanguages and Civilizations,LinguisticsChemistry, James Franck Institute,Biophysics and TheoreticalBiology, the CollegeSocial Service Administration,University Committee onPublic Policy StudiesDivinity School, PhilosophyPhysics, ChemistrySocial Service AdministrationDivinity SchoolDavid M. Schneider William B. Ogden Distinguished AnthropologyService ProfessorSidney Schulman Ellen C. Manning Professor Division of the Biological Sciences39Theodore W. Schultz Charles L. Hutchinson DistinguishedService Professor Emeritus EconomicsEdward ShilsBernece K. SimonJohn A. Simpson Distinguished Service ProfessorSamuel Deutsch ProfessorArthur Holly Compton DistinguishedService Professor Sociology, Committee onSocial ThoughtSocial Service AdministrationPhysics, Enrico FermiInstitute, The CollegeMilton B. SingerRonald SingerDavid B. SkinnerJonathan Z. Smith Paul Klapper Professor Emeritusof the Social Sciences inthe CollegeRobert R. Bensley Professor inBiology and Medical SciencesDallas B. Phemister ProfessorWilliam Benton Professor ofReligion and the Human Sciencesin the College Anthropology, the CollegeAnatomy, Anthropology,Committee on EvolutionaryBiology, Committee onGenetics, the CollegeSurgeryDivinity School, New Testament andEarly Christian Literature,the CollegeJoseph V. SmithDonald F. SteinerGeorge J. Stigler Louis Block ProfessorA. N. Pritzker ProfessorCharles R. Walgreen DistinguishedService Professor of AmericanInstitutions Geophysical Sciences, the CollegeBiochemistry, Medicine,the CollegeEconomics, Graduate Schoolof BusinessRobert E. Streeter Edward L. Ryerson DistinguishedService Professor English, the CollegeHew son H. Swift George Wells Beadle DistinguishedService Professor Biology, Pathology, the College,Committee on GeneticsStuart M. TaveValentine L. Telegdi William Rainey Harper Professor ofHumanities in the CollegeEnrico Fermi Distinguished ServiceProfessor English, the CollegePhysics, Enrico Fermi Institute,the CollegeHenri Theil University Professor Graduate School of Business,Economics, Center forMathematical Studies in Businessand EconomicsJ. Alan Thomas William Claude Reavis Professor ofEducational Administration Education40Anthony TurkevichRobert B, Uretz James Franck Distinguished ServiceProfessorRalph W. Gerard ProfessorJoharmes A. B. van Distinguished Service ProfessorBuitenen Chemistry, Enrico FermiInstitute, the CollegeBiophysics and TheoreticalBiology, the College,Committee on GeneticsSouth Asian Languagesand CivilizationsCornelius W. Vermeulen Lowell T. Coggeshall ProfessorEmeritus in Medical SciencesEdward WasiolekCharles W. WegenerKarl J. WeintraubPaul WheatleyWarner A. WickGeorge L. Wied Avalon Distinguished ServiceProfessorHoward L. Willett Professor inthe CollegeThomas E. Donnelley DistinguishedService ProfessorIrving B. Harris Professor inUrban GeographyWilliam Rainey Harper Professorin the CollegeBlum-Riese ProfessorH. G. Williams-Ashman Maurice Goldblatt ProfessorRobert R. WilsonRobert W- WisslerAlbert WohlstetterIra G. Wool Peter B. Ritzman ProfessorDonald N. Pritzker DistinguishedService Professor in the BiologicalSciencesUniversity ProfessorA. J. Carlson Professor in BiologicalSciences SurgerySlavic Languages and Literatures,Committee on Comparative Studiesin Literature, the CollegeThe College, Committee on Ideasand MethodsHistory, the College, Committee onHistory of CultureGeography, Committee on SocialThought, the CollegePhilosophy, the CollegeObstetrics and Gynecology,PathologyBen May Laboratory, Biochemistry,Pharmacological and PhysiologicalSciences, the CollegeThe College, Physics, EnricoFermi InstitutePathology, Franklin McLeanInstitute, the CollegePolitical ScienceBiochemistry, the CollegePeter J. WyllieArnold Zellner Homer J. Livingston ProfessorH. G. B. Alexander Professor ofEconomics and Statistics Geophysical Sciences, the CollegeGraduate School of BusinessAntoni Zygmund Gustavus F. and Ann M. SwiftDistinguished Service ProfessorEmeritus Mathematics41THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO RECORDVICE PRESIDENT FOR PUBLIC AFFAIRSRoom 200, Administration Buildingi; & Om|7| M ^ ..X ^J ^-fo Z"^ X — omj c 3¦3D P •v2.POSTAGAID10,ILLINTNO.31 Oc3I-* O m•ft — oCO 3