VOLUME IX NUMBER 7University RecordNOVEMBER, 1904THE DECENNIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO.FIRSTVOLUME IThe President's Report — A. Administration574 pages. Price of volume, $4.50, net; postpaid, $4.98.VOLUME IIThe President's Report — B. Publications ofthe Members of the University>$5 pages. Price of volume, $3*00, net ; postpaid, $3.24.This volume in paper, net, $2.50; postpaid, $2.64. Alimited number of reprints, arranged by departments, areavailable as follows :Philosophy and Education, 10 cents each.Political Economy, Political Science, History, Archaeology,Sociology and Anthropology, 1 5 cents each.Comparative Religion, Semitic Languages and Literatures,Biblical and Patristic Greek, 10 cents each.Sanskrit and Indo-European Comparative Philology, GreekLanguage and Literature, and Latin Language andLiterature, 10 cents each.Romance Languages and Literature, Germanic Languagesand Literature, English, and Literature in English, 10cents each.Mathematics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 15 cents each.Physics, Chemistry and Geology, 15 cents each.Zoology, Anatomy, Physiology, Neurology, Palaeontology,Botany, Pathology and Bacteriology, 20 cents each.Theological subjects, 10 cents each.Literary, Educational, Miscellaneous, 20 cents each.1 For other notices of the Decennial Publications see the University Record, November, 1902, February, 1903, and October, 1904(President's Quarterly Statement) . SERIES.'VOLUME IIIPart I — Systematic Theology, Church History, Practical Theology244 pages. Price of volume, $3.00, net ; postpaid, $3.28.1. Franklin Johnson, Professor of ChurchHistory. Have We the Likeness of Christ?With 16 half-tone illustrations. Pp. 1-24.Net, 50 cents ; postpaid, 54 cents.A detailed refutation of the view, widely held, that therepresentations of Christ in early Christian art go back to apainter contemporary with Christ.2. Charles Richmond Henderson, Professorof Sociology. Practical Sociology in the Service of Social Ethics. Pp. 25-50. Net, 25cents; postpaid, 28 cents.This essay attempts to prove that there is need for amediating scientific discipline between explanatory socialscience and the traditional outlines of conduct in works onethics ; and to indicate how far sociologists have alreadygone in this direction. " Social technology " is suggested asthe most exact designation for this branch of investigation.Evidence that such a discipline is legitimate is derivedfrom Aristotle and from the latest ethical writers. That thisdiscipline may be made truly scientific, and should bedistinguished from "art," is urged in connection with acriticism of passages in Mill's Logic. That encouragingresults have already been obtained is shown by referencesto the literature of practical economics and to bodies of regulative principles in various large fields of conduct.3. Galusha Anderson, Professor and Head ofthe Department of Homiletics. The Elementsof Chrysostoni }s Power as a Preacher. Pp.51-66. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents;233234 UNIVERSITY RECORDHis training for his life-work at home and at school, bystudy and practice of law, self-imposed asceticism, study ofthe Bible, painstaking writing of treatises, labors among thepoor; his method of preaching; his luminous style; his abundance of apt illustrations; the prominence of the ethical element in his homilies; his boldness and persistence; his personality projected into his discourses.4. Gerald Birney Smith, Instructor in Systematic Theology. Practical Theology : a Neglected Field in Theological Education. Pp. 67-%%. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.An examination of consequences of the adoption ofcritical and historical methods in dealing with the materialof theology, with special reference to the question whethersuch methods are adequate to the end for which theologicalseminaries exist, i. e., the equipment of ministers to serve thechurch. After a brief review of the development of theological method, the essay attempts to show that the archeologi-cal and historical point of view fostered by the criticalmethod needs to be supplemented by a discipline whichshall give psychological evaluation to the data obtained.Such a discipline may be itself of a genuinely scientificcharacter, while at the same time promoting the practicalefficiency of the ministry.Part II — Philosophy, Education1. James Hayden Tufts, Professor of Philosophy. On the Genesis of the ^Esthetic Categories.Pp. 1-14. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.An examination of the commonly recognized aestheticcategories from the point of view of social psychology.The paper aims to show that such categories as "objectivity," "universality," "disinterestedness," etc., receivetheir most satisfactory explanation from the standpoint ofsocial, rather than from that of individual, psychology.2. James Rowland Angell, Associate Professorof Psychology. A Preliminary Study of the Significance of Partial Tones in the Localizationof Sound. With three text figures. Pp. 15-26.Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.This paper is a report of experiments made in thePsychological Laboratory. The results show that tonalcomplexity is practically essential for such accuracy of localization as we commonly possess. Pure tones can apparentlybe assigned with approximate confidence only to two planes,and within these planes the localizing of particular points oforigin for sounds is very inaccurate. 3. Addison Webster Moore, Assistant Professor of Philosophy. Existence, Meaning, anaReality in Lockers Essay and in Present Epis-temology. Pp. 27-52. Net, 25 cents; postpaid,28 cents.The fundamental conceptions of the relation of existence, meaning, and reality in Locke and in much presenttheory of knowledge are these: (1) That it is the functionof meaning to "reflect," "report," "represent," or in someway symbolize reality; (2) that reality is a completed, immovable existence; (3) that the distinction of meaning andexistence is "given," reality being usually identified withthe latter. As a substitute for these the paper offers thefollowing theses: (1) That reality cannot be identified witheither existence or meaning as such; (2) that the distinction of meaning and existence is not "given," but is one constructed inside reality; (3) that meaning does not merelyreflect or represent reality, but helps to constitute it; {4) that,constituted by existence and meaning, reality is not completed and immovable, but essentially dynamic and developmental.4. James Rowland Angell. The Relations ofStructural and Functional Psychology to Philosophy. Pp. 53-74. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 28 cents.A critical examination of the applicability to consciousness of the ideas of structure and function leads to certainlimitations upon the use of these terms current in biology.In psychology the two conceptions are shown to involvephases simply of single events. Functional psychology isthen shown to merge inevitably with the philosophical disciplines, e. g., ethics, logic, aesthetics, etc.5. George H. Mead, Associate Professor ofPhilosophy. The Definition of the Psychical.Pp. 75-112. Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 54 cents.Variety of significations of the subjective and the objective. Discussion of characteristic doctrines of the psychical. Criticism of doctrine based on a logical analysisand its necessary parallelistic statement. Development ofa functional statement growing out of the nature of thepsychical as immediate and the experience of the individualqua individual.6. John Dewey, Professor and Head of theDepartment of Philosophy. The Logical Conditions of a Scientific Treatment of Morality.Pp. 1 1 3-140. Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 53 cents.UNIVERSITY RECORD 2357. Ella Flagg Young, Professor of Education.Scientific Method in Education . Pp. 141-156.Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.This article endeavors to make clear the truth of twostatements: (1) The general failure to reconstruct themethod of the school in accord with the presuppositionsand tendencies of modern philosophy is due to the pervasiveinfluence of an erroneous conception of evolution in the theory of mental growth ; (2) a right conception of the theoryof evolution, active as the fundamental in a working hypothesis of education, would make the attitude of the teachertoward both the learner and the subject-matter scientific,and so bring the method of the school into harmony withmodern thinking.VOLUME IVPolitical Economy, Political Science,History, Sociology354 pages. Price of volume, $4.00, net ; postpaid, $4.40.1. J. Laurence Laughlin, Professor and Headof the Department of Political Economy.Credit. Pp. 1-28. Net, 50 cents; postpaid,53 cents.The nature of credit and its effect on prices have longbeen a subject of disagreement among economists. Its basisis commonly assumed to be money, or bank reserves. Thisstudy departs from the usual treatment by first showing thatcredit in its last analysis is always based on goods, and noton money. It then proposes a new classification into normaland abnormal credit, the former being no greater than, andthe latter in excess of, salable goods actually owned orcontrolled by the borrower. Abnormal credit is a synonymfor overtrading. The outcome of the exposition in regard tocredit and prices shows that normal credit has practically noeffect on general prices. A steady enlargement of normalcredit is constantly going on consistently with the legitimatefall of the general price-level. Abnormal credit, on thecontrary, raises prices all around for a time ; yet, because itis not based upon goods, but on a delusion, the rise of pricesalways results in a collapse as soon as the delusion is pricked.2. Thorstein B. Veblen, Assistant Professor ofPolitical Economy. The Use of Loan Creditin Modern Business. Pp. 29-50. Net, 25cents; postpaid, 28 cents.The paper advances a theory to the effect that, undermodern conditions, the aggregate loan credit of the businesscommunity necessarily exceeds what would be called a "normal " or conservative amount ; that this " undue " credit exten sion swells the capitalized value of industrial property byapproximately its full amount, at the same time that it doesnot increase the industrial equipment, or the efficiency ofindustry taken as a whole ; that such credit extension, therefore, is of no service to the community at large, or to thebusiness community taken as a whole; and that its chiefeffect is to bring gain to creditors and holders of fundsstanding outside the industrial process, and at the cost ofthe men engaged in industrial business. The argumentdeals with the motives which lead business-men to extendtheir borrowing beyond " due " limits, and the methods bywhich credit transactions of this class are carried out.3. Frederick Starr, Associate Professor of Anthropology. The Physical Characters of theIndians of Southern Mexico. With a color-chartand thirty half-tone illustrations. Pp. 5 1-1 10.Net, 75 cents; postpaid, 81 cents.This contribution contains the results of physical examinations and measurements taken during the author's five-years investigation upon the physical types of south MexicanIndians. In it the author first outlines the purpose andmethods of the investigation ; he then discusses several of themore important anthropological data, one after another, andconsiders their range, variation, and significance throughthe twenty-three tribes; lastly, each tribe is considered indetail, and its characters and type are defined. At leastone subject from each tribe is represented in front andprofile portrait views. A sketch map shows the geographical locations of the tribes investigated, and a color diagramis introduced. The work is the only serious study yetprinted upon the anthropologically little-known tribes ofthis region.4. Albion W. Small, Professor and Head of theDepartment of Sociology. The Significanceof Sociology for Ethics. Pp. 111-150. Net,50 cents; postpaid, 54 cents.An attempt to support two propositions : (1) Every ethical system with a concrete content virtually presupposes asociology. (2) There can be no generally recognized ethicalstandards until we have a generally accepted sociology.5. Oliver J. Thatcher, Associate Professor ofMediaeval and English History. Studies Concerning Adrian IV. Pp. 151-238. Net, $1.00;postpaid, $ 1. 10.(1) An Investigation of the Grant of Ireland by AdrianIV. to Henry II. (2) The Bull Laudabiliter. (3) TheCongratulatory Letter of Henry II. to Adrian IV. (4) A236 UNIVERSITY RECORDLetter of Gerhoh of Reichersberg to Adrian IV. concerningthe Heresies of the Time.After an account of the famous controversy concerningthe papal grant of Ireland to the English king, the authorhimself investigates the question, following the line of argument first set forth by Professor Scheffer-Boichorst butsince neglected. The conclusions thus reached are furtherstrengthened and elucidated by the use of a papal letter hitherto unnoticed in this connection. The documentknown as Laudabiliter and the congratulatory letter ofHenry II. to Adrian IV. are shown to be rhetorical exercises,and hence without historical value. The complete text of aletter of Gerhoh of Beichersberg to Adrian IV. {Anno 1156)is published here for the first time.6. William I. Thomas, Associate Professor ofSociology. The Relation of the Medicine-Manto the Origin of the Professional Occupations.Pp. 239-256. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 28 cents.An examination of Mr. Spencer's theory that thelearned and artistic occupations originated in the attentionsand services rendered by medicine-men to the spirits ofdead rulers, and that the medicine-man was in a favorableposition to develop knowledge and art because of the leisurehe enjoyed in consequence of having his economic needssupplied by others. Development of the contrary view thatthe origins of knowledge and art are not found exclusively inconnection with attention to either dead or living rulers ;that in so far as they are connected with court life they areprominently connected with the hanger-on class; that themedicine-man was not greatly inclined to use his leisurefor research; and that, in general, the development of theoccupations is a phase of the division of labor, dependent oneconomic conditions rather than on the presence of anyparticular set of individuals.7. Ernst Freund, Professor of Law. Empireand Sovereignty. Pp. 257-288. Net, 50 cents ;postpaid, 54 cents.A study of the constitution of the supreme power inpolitical systems which are not perfectly consolidated. Thetypes examined are : the federal state, the autonomous,colony or dependency, and the protectorate, three forms ofpolitical connection characteristic of empires. The object ofthe essay is to show that in each of these three systems thesupreme power is either legally or constitutionally limited,and that absence of sovereignty does not necessarily constitute a defect in imperial organization.8. James Westfall Thompson. 1'he Decline ofthe Mis si Dominici in Frankish Ga ul. Pp.289-310. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents. A study of a particular phase of the decline of theFrank monarchy and the upgrowth of the feudal regime.The usurpation of the powerful office of the missus by dukesand counts, and the approximation of the circuits of themissi dominici to the lines of dioceses and feudal provincesis traced in detail, in connection with the unsuccessfulattempts of Charlemagne's followers to le-establish theinstitution which he founded.9. Harry Pratt Judson, Professor of Comparative Politics and Diplomacy and Head of theDepartment of Political Science. The Essential Elements of a Written Constitution. Pp.3II'354* Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 54 cents.A study of the nature of organic law, with an analysisof a constitution of government. The attempt is made todevelop the essentials of a complete constitution, showingthe limits of variation for essentials and non-essentials,VOLUME VThe Semitic Languages and Literatures,Biblical and Patristic Greek220 pages. Price of volume, $4.50, net; postpaid, $4.78.1. Edgar Johnson Goodspeed, Instructor inBiblical and Patristic Greek. Greek Papyrifrom the Cairo Museum, together with Papyriof Roman Egypt from American Collections.Pp. 1-78. Net, $1.50; postpaid, $1.58.This contribution presents thirty documents and literaryfragments hitherto unpublished. All the periods of Greekpapyri — Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine- — are represented, the pieces being taken from the collections of theCairo Museum, Westminster College, and the private collection of the editor. The texts are accompanied by introductions and notes, and translations are appended to the longeror more technical ones.2. James Henry Breasted, Associate Professorof Egyptology and Semitic Languages.The Battle of Kadesh. With eight plates andseveral maps. Pp. 81-126. Net, 75 cents;postpaid, 81 cents.The battle of Kadesh, which took place between RamesesII., king of Egypt, and the Hittites,upon the plain of Kadeshon the Orontes River, is the earliest battle in history in whichthe military maneuvers can be traced. The author first discusses exhaustively all the numerous documentary sources ofinformation in Egypt and all the literature bearing on theUNIVERSITY RECORD 237battle. He then takes up the size of Egyptian armies,adducing all the known facts followed by a description ofthe scene of the battle. The battle is described in detail,the successive positions of the troops being shown by maps.All the evidence known, and some material hitherto unnoticed, in describing the battle and determining the disposition of the armies is published in the original ; and thesetexts, as here published, are the result of entirely new collations of the original, introducing many new readings. Theseven plates contain all of the temple-relief scenes depictingthe battle, with one new scene from a hitherto unnoticedpalimpsest wall at Karnak.3. William Rainey Harper, Professor andHead of the Department of Semitic Lan-, guages and Literatures. The Structure of theText of the Book of Amos. Pp. 127-164.Net, $1.00; postpaid, $1.06.An arrangement of the text of the book of Amos instrophes. Interpolated passages are separated from theoriginal material and printed in a parallel column. Necessary emendations are incorporated in the text, the Massoretictext being indicated in footnotes. A new translation accompanies the text, and is arranged in the same manner uponthe opposite page. The purpose of the treatment is torestore as nearly as possible the original artistic form of theprophetic utterances and of the later accretions now contained in the book.4. Ira Maurice Price, Professor of the SemiticLanguages and Literatures. Some LiteraryRemains of Rim Sin (Arioch), King of Larsa,about 228s B. C Pp. 1 65-1 9 1 . Net, 7 5 cents ;postpaid, 81 cents. *Arioch of Ellasar was one of the confederates ofChedorlabmer of Elam, when the latter made his militarycampaign against rebellious subjects in the West in thetwenty-third century B. C, as described in Gen. 14. Hewas an Elamite conqueror, who, through his father Kudur-mabuk, had secured the sovereignty over several of thelargest cities of lower Babylonia. Several of his dedicatoryinscriptions have been found in recent years. Eleven ofthese documents, written in the so-called Sumerian language,all comparatively short, are published in this collection.Nine of these have appeared in facsimile elsewhere, and twoof them, now preserved in the Louvre, in Paris, and copiedby the author, are here published in facsimile for the firsttime. The entire eleven are printed in transliteration andtranslation in parallel columns. A full List of Proper Namesand a Glossary completes this contribution to the studies ofthe literature of the pre-Hammurabi period of BabylonianHistory. 5. Ernest D. Burton, Professor of New Testament Interpretation. Some Principles of Literary Criticism and their Application to theSynoptic Problem. Pp. 193-260. Net, $1.00;postpaid, $1.06.The aim of this paper is not to review the history of thenumerous efforts that have been made in the last century tosolve the problem which is created by the fact of the markedresemblances of the first three gospels to one another, intricately interwoven as they are with not less marked differences ; but, first, to formulate principles applicable toproblems of this class, as textual critics have long ago donefor the problems in their field ; secondly, to state the mainfacts respecting the relation of the synoptic gospels to oneanother ; and, thirdly, to suggest certain conclusions to whichthe correlation of these principles and facts seems to lead.Both in its point of approach and its conclusions the paperdeparts in important respects from the path that has hithertobeen followed by students of the gospels.VOLUME VIThe Greek Language and Literature, theLatin Language and Literature, Sanskritand Indo-European Comparative Philology, Classical Archaeology288 pages. Price of volume, $3*50, net ; postpaid, $3.80.1. Frank Bigelow Tarbell, Professor ofClassical Archaeology. A Greek Hand Mirrorin the Art Institute of Chicago. With a halftone plate. Pp. 1-4.A description of a Greek hand mirror of the fifth century B. C, of unusually perfect preservation, presented tothe Chicago Art Institute by Martin A. Ryerson, Esq.2. Frank Bigelow Tarbell. A Cantharusfrom the Factory of Brygos in the BostonMuseum of Fine Arts. With two heliotypeplates. Pp. 5-10.Describes a fine vase belonging to the Boston Museumof Fine Arts. It is shown to have been made in thefactory of Brygos, perhaps by Brygos himself, a potter ofthe early fifth century B. C.Nos. 1 and 2 together, net, 25 cents; postpaid,27 cents.3. Roy C. Flickinger, Assistant in Greek. TheMeaning of Itt\ t?}s o-Krjvrjs in Writers of the238 UNIVERSITY RECORDFourth Century. Pp. 11-26. Net, 25 cents;postpaid, 27 cents.It has been held by certain scholars that this phrase inAristotle and Demosthenes gives conclusive evidence againstDorpfeld's theory of the stage, and no attempt has beenmade hitherto to subject the passages in these authors to acareful analysis. The purpose of this paper is to prove thatthe meaning " stage " for crKrjvq is excluded wherever thephrase M ttjs o-Ktjvrjs occurs in writers of the fourth century. This result is found to be in entire agreement withthe usage of post-classical writers.4. George Lincoln Hendrickson, Professor ofLatin. The Proconsulate of Julius Agricolain Relation to History and to Encomium. Pp.27-60. Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 54 cents.The paper discusses the problem of the literary form ofthe Agricola of Tacitus, and aims especially to characterizein detail the difference in literary technique betweenbiography and history as illustrated by the Agricola and byportions of Tacitus's historical works.5. Tenney Frank, Assistant in Latin. A Sticho-metric Scholium to the Medea of Euripides, withRemarks on the Text of Didymus. Pp. 61-68.Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.A certain line occurs twice in the Medea of Euripidesand is cited in a third place by Didymus, according to ascholium the exactness of which has been questioned. Asecond scholium, which has hitherto been misunderstoodbecause of a corruption, is emended by the author. It contains a stichometrical reference and incidentally throwslight on the text possessed by Didymus.6. George Lincoln Hendrickson. Observations on the Commentariolum Petitionis Attributed to Quintus Cicero. Pp. 69-94. Net, 25cents; postpaid, 28 cents.The writer endeavors to show that the Commentariolum,attributed to Quintus Cicero, is in fact a suasoria of somerhetorical student of uncertain date. The investigationfalls into these divisions : I. Authenticity. II. Literaryform. III. Style. IV. Text.7. Carl Darling Buck, Professor of Sanskritand Indo-European Comparative Philology.A Sketch of the Linguistic Conditions of Chicago.Pp. 95-1 14. Net, 25 cents ; postpaid, 28 cents.The linguistic conditions in some of our largest American cities, of which Chicago is typical, are unique in the history of the world — an unparalleled babel of foreigntongues, yet undergoing absorption so rapidly and so naturally that the " language question " which looms so large inthe politics of many European states does not exist for usas a disturbing problem. The study of these conditionshas two main points of interest: One is a phase of thegeneral problem of the linguistic consequences of race-mixture. What is the result as regards language of theparticular conditions of race-mixture which are exemplifiedhere ? The other is the constituency of the foreign element. The thirty-odd foreign languages spoken in Chicagoby numbers ranging from half a dozen to half a million areenumerated in classified form, with statements of theapproximate numerical representation of each.8. John Jacob Meyer, Associate in Sanskrit.Two Twice -Told Tales. Pp. 1 15-126. Net,25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.Ariosto's story of Giocondo and Astolfo is found alsoin the Pali Jataka. A translation of this Buddhistic formshows that Ariosto did not take his "novella" fromthe Arabian Nights. He may have got it through someSlavic channel. Another very important part of theintroduction to the Nights, Sheherezade herself, and herbreaking off at the interesting point of her tales in order totrick the king, goes back to India.9. Paul Shorey, Professor and Head of the Department of Greek. The Unity of Plato'sThought. Pp. 127-214. Net, $1.00; postpaid, $1.05.An exposition of the essential identity of the doctrinepresented by Plato in diversified dramatic forms, and acriticism of recent attempts to date the dialogues by determining the order of development of his ideas.10. Frank Frost Abbott, Professor of Latin.The Toledo Manuscript of the Ger mania ofTacitus. Pp. 215-258. Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 54 cents.Contains a collation made by him in the spring of1902 of the manuscript mentioned above, a discussion of itsrelation to the hitherto known manuscripts of the Germania,and of its bearing on the reconstruction of the text. Inappendices corrections to Mullenhoff's critical apparatus,and notes on a Pliny manuscript, are given.11. Edward Capps, Professor of Greek. 2 heIntroduction of Comedy into the City Dionysiaat Athens: A Chronological Study in GreekUNIVERSITY RECORD 239Literary History. Pp. 259-288. With chart.Net, 50 cents ; postpaid, 54 cents.The didascalic inscription CIA II, 971 and the actors'catalogues CIA II, 977 are so restored, and the evidence to be extracted from them severally so combined, asto furnish new information as to this epoch date in theearly history of Attic comedy. Aristotle's testimony andthe knowledge we possess about Epicharmus are shown tobe in harmony with the results so reached. Instead of ca.465, the accepted date upheld by Wilamowitz-Mollendorff,it is found that the official recognition of comedy at Athens,and the period of the earliest activity of Chionides, Ecphan-tides, and Magnes must be placed some twenty yearsearlier.VOLUME VIIThe Romance Languages and Literatures,the Germanic Languages and Literatures, English, Literature in English348 pages. Price of volume, $4.00, net ; postpaid, $4.40.1. Eleanor Prescott Hammond, Docent inEnglish. On the Text of Chaucer's Parle -ment of Foules. With diagrams. Pp. 1-26.Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 53 cents.In the course of a careful discussion of the genealogicalrelations and intrinsic worth of the existing manuscripts ofthis poem, it is shown that no text as yet printed is strictlycritical and that the critical text will be found to containmetrical features which, if discovered in other reconstructions of Chaucerian originals, will compel a readjustment ofcurrent theories as to the poet's meter. It is demonstratedthat the Cambridge manuscript hitherto so admired by editors is an untrustworthy authority, and that the archetype ismore nearly reflected in the pair of manuscripts, Fairfax 16and Bodley 638 of the Bodleian library in Oxford.2. Camillo von Klenze, Associate Professor ofGerman Literature. The Treatment of Nature in the^ Works of Nikolaus Lenau. AnEssay in Interpretation. Pp. 27-110. Net,75 cents ; postpaid, 82 cents.This article presents a detailed study of the partwhich landscape plays in the letters, diaries, and the poetical works of the Austrian poet Lenau. Comparison withcontemporary poets like Byron, Shelley, Lamartine, Hugo,Tieck, Novalis, Heine, and others proves him on the wholethe most significant exponent of the " romantic " attitudetoward nature. 3. Starr Willard Cutting, Professor of German Literature. Concerning the Modern German Relatives "Das" andt( Was" in Clauses Dependent upon Substantivized Adjectives. Pp.111-132. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 28 cents.This article presents an examination ot the distribution and function of das {welches) and of was in the modernGerman relative after substantivized adjective antecedents,undertaken in the light of numerous examples selected fromthe writings of Hauptmann, Heyse, Keller, Meyer, Nietzsche,Raabe, Schopenhauer, Spielhagen, Sudermann, and Wil-denbruch.4. Philip Schuyler Allen, Instructor in German. Studies in Popular Poetry. Pp. 133-156. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 28 cents.I. Nature- Introductions and Vivification in the OlderGerman Volkslied develops the hypothesis that the beginningwith the description of a bit of nature, which is so commonto early popular song, is not unconscious and instinctive,but the last survival of a proethnic hymn to nature in oneof its chief manifestations. II. Old Ballads Newly Expounded is a discussion of two American versions of LordRandal and Lord Thomas and Fair Annel, in which it isfound that the text of the former is a corrupted one, butthat that of the latter is nearer the original structure of theballad than any corresponding variation of the same type included in Child's English and Scottish Popular Ballads. III.Heine and the Schnaderhilpfel is the presentation of thethesis that the poet found the prototype of his ironic antithesis in the epigrammatic endings of the soiith-Gefman popular dance-rimes.5. Albert Harris Tolman, Assistant Professorof English . What Has Become of 'Shakespeare *sPlay " Love* s Labour* s Won" ? Pp. 157-190.Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 54 cents.Love's Labour's Won is the only one of Shakespeare'splays mentioned in the list of Francis Meres (1598) thatis not known to us. The different theories concerning thisdrama are taken up in the following order : (1) that Love'sLabour's Won has disappeared ; (2) that it is to be identifiedwith Love's Labour's Lost; (3) with A Midsummer- Nigh fsDream; (4) with The Tempest; (5) with AIVs Well that EndsWell; (6) with Much Ado about Nothing ; (7) with TheTaming of the Shrew. A neglected piece of evidence favorsthe view that Love's Labour's Won is no longer extant.The more common opinion among Shakespearean scholarshas been that AIVs Well is the comedy concerned ; butthis seems improbable. If the play has come down to240 UNIVERSITY RECORDus, it is probably either Much Ado or The Taming of theShrew. The strength of the argument in favor of TheTaming of the Shrew has not been appreciated.6. Karl Pietsch, Associate Professor ofRomance Philology. Preliminary Notes onTwo Old Spanish Versions of the DistichaCatonis. Pp. 191-232. Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 54 cents.The notes presented in this article deal with the popularity of the Disticha as evidenced (1) by the number of LatinMSS. and early Latin prints ; (2) by the allusions to themin old Spanish literature ; (3) by the early translationsinto Spanish. Two of the translations are studied in detail,and liberal extracts are presented.7. Thomas Atkinson Jenkins, Associate Professor of French Philology. The Espurga-toire Saint Patriz of Marie de France. Witha text of the Latin original. Pp. 233-328.Net, $1.25; postpaid, $1.35.The Latin text of the Tractatus de Purgatorio SanctiPatricii contained in the Harleian manuscript 3846 isprinted for the first time, accompanied in parallel columnsby the old French metrical translation of Marie de France,made at the end of the twelfth century. The precise version used by Marie de France has not been found. TheHarleian manuscript represents this version more completely and better than any manuscript yet made accessible.The French text has been improved materially by the comparison made with the Latin original. The text of the Tractatus from another British Museum manuscript (Royal 13 BVIII) is printed in full as an appendix.8. William Darnall MacClintock, Professorof English. Some Paradoxes of the EnglishRomantic Movement of the Eighteenth Century.Pp- 329"348. Net, 25 cenfs; postpaid, 27cents.An attempt to re-enforce the doctrine of a single andcontinuous movement in the literature of the later eighteenthand early nineteenth centuries by showing the essentialharmony in a group of apparently contradicting features.VOLUME VIIIAstronomy and Astro-Physics4»3 pages and 29 plates. Price of volume, $6.00, net; postpaid, $6.45*1. Sherburne Wesley Burnham, Professor ofPractical Astronomy. Measures of Double Stars made with the 40- Inch Refractor of theYerkes Observatory in igoo and igoi. Pp. 1-76.Net, §1.00; postpaid, $1.10.A large proportion of the double stars discovered andmeasured by Sir William Herschel, Sir James South, andother astronomers at the end of the eighteenth and thebeginning of the nineteenth century have never beenobserved since that time, and many of the pairs recordedin the various astronomical periodicals and observatory publications during the last fifty years in this country andabroad have been insufficiently observed or not measured atall. In many of these stars from all the sources mentionedthe places are roughly approximate or uncertain, and someof them could not be found at all after a careful search.Among the other neglected pairs are those in which theevidence of decided change is of a somewhat doubtfulcharacter. These have been reobserved, and the supposedchange shown to be real in some instances, and due toerrors of observation in others. Many apparently very interesting changes since the first measures have been detected.For special reasons some of the 2 and /3 stars have beenmeasured, and others from the A. G. catalogues. Altogethersome six hundred of these objects are given in this paperas the first contribution in this line of research. The objecthas been to avoid duplicating work done elsewhere, and toplace no star on the working-list which would be likely tobe measured at any other observatory. In the course of thework eighteen new double stars have been discovered andmeasured, and the results recorded in this paper. Some ofthem are certain to prove to be interesting physical systems.2. Edward Emerson Barnard, Professor ofPractical Astronomy. Micrometricat l Observations of Eros made with the 40- Inch Refractorof the Yerkes Observatory during the Opposition of 1 goo and igoi. Pp. 77-116. Net,50 cents ; postpaid, 54 cents.The favorable position of the minor planet Eros forobservation in 1900 was taken advantage of for a redetermination of the sun's distance. An observation programwas arranged so that astronomers of America could co-operate with those of Europe in making simultaneous measuresof the position of the planet upon the face of the sky. Theminuteness of Eros and the peculiarities of its orbit makeobservations of it the most accurate method of all for thedetermination of the sun's parallax. The larger observatories in this country undertook the work of observing theplanet while it was nearest in October, November, andDecember of 1900. The observations at the YerkesObservatory were made on seventy-three nights with thegreat telescope, and over one thousand five hundred meas-UNIVERSITY RECORD 241ures of right ascensions ind declinations were obtained.The positions of the comparison stars used in these measuresare now being accurately determined in Europe. A largenumber of determinations of the brightness of the planetwas also made during the observations with the greattelescope. These will be useful in investigations of thevariability of the light of Eros which occurred during theobservations of the planet. This paper contains the Measures of position and the observations for the brightness ofEros.3, Forest Ray Moulton, Instructor inAstronomy. On Certain Rigorous Methods ofTreating Problems in Celestial Mechanics.Pp. 1 1 7-142. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 28cents.The object of this paper is to show how some of themost important problems in Celestial Mechanics may betreated by methods which are rigorous, at least under specified conditions. These problems depend upon the solutionsof differential equations ; consequently the principal methods of integration are treated, and the manner of applyingthem to astronomical problems is shown.4. Edwin Brant Frost, Professor of Astrophysics, and Walter Sydney Adams, Assistantat the Yerkes Observatory. Radial Velocitiesof Twenty Stars having Spectra of the OrionType. With three plates. Pp. 143-250. Net,$1.50; postpaid, $1.55.This paper gives a detailed account ot the measurements of the velocities in the line of sight of twenty selectedstars of VogePs type Lb, commonly known as the Oriontype. This class of spectrum is of especial interest as representing an early stage in stellar development, and is characterized by the presence of but few lines of a limitednumber of elements, among which hydrogen, helium, oxygen,silicon, and magnesium are the most important. Owing tothe ill-defined character of many of the lines in spectra ofthis type, which renders their measurement much more difficult than in case of the solar stars, few quantitativeinvestigations of these spectra have been made. Of thestars included in this paper, but three or four of the brightesthave been hitherto investigated in respect to radial velocity,so far as is known from published statements of spectrograph^ work. The list includes stars from magnitude 0.3to magnitude 4.5. The instrument employed was the newBruce spectrograph attached to the forty-inch refractor, anda full account is given of all changes of adjustment madeduring the year covered by the observations (autumn of 1901 to the autumn of 1902). The method of measurementand reduction of the plates is explained in full, and the details are given for the separate plates, as well as for numerous control plates of the moon and planets and stars of thesolar type with known velocities. In all, the detailed measures of over 130 spectrograms are given. The probableclassification of the stars as regards order of development isconsidered and compared with previous classifications of thesame stars. The proper motions of the stars in angularmeasure (across the line of sight) are also tabulated and thepossible connection between the type of spectrum and themagnitude of absolute motion in space are briefly discussed.5. George Ellery Hale, Professor of Astrophysics and Director of the Yerkes Observatory, Ferdinand Ellerman, Instructor inAstrophysics, and John Adelbert Park-hurst, Assistant in Astrophysics. On theSpectra of Stars of Secchi*s Fourth Type.With eleven plates. Pp. 252-386. Net,$2.00; postpaid, $2.07.Comparatively little has been known regarding thespectra of the red stars of Secchi's fourth type, as they aretoo faint for detailed study except with the most powerfultelescopes. Accordingly, a three-prism spectrograph hasbeen used with the forty-inch Yerkes telescope in photographing the spectra of a number of these stars. The paperincludes tables of the wave-lengths of several hundred brightand dark lines recorded on photographs, conclusions as tothe chemical origin of the lines, and a discussion of theevolution of these stars, their distribution in the heavens, andtheir relationship to stars of other spectral types. The photographs of spectra are reproduced in a series of plates whichaccompany the paper.6. George Willis Ritchey, Instructor in Practical Astronomy and Superintendent ofInstrument Construction at the Observatory.Astronomical Photography with the 40 -InchRefractor and the 2 -Foot Reflector of the YerkesObservatory . With sixteen plates. Pp. 389-398. Net, 75 cents; postpaid, 82 cents.The forty-inch refractor of the Yerkes Observatory wasdesigned primarily for visual observations, no provisionhaving been made for direct photography with it. It hasbeen found possible, however, to secure excellent photographs with this visual telescope by employing a yellowcolor-screen and isochromatic plates, by which means thesharp yellow or visual image is utilized and the outstanding242 UNIVERSITY RECORDblue light is excluded from the plate. Many of the plateswhich accompany this paper are from photographs of star-clusters and the moon obtained with the great refractorwith a color-screen and a double-slide plate-carrier used inguiding. The photographs are of great value on accountof their large scale and fine definition. In constructing thetwo-foot reflecting telescope, which was made in the observatory instrument shops, special attention was given to thestability and rigidity of the mirror-supports and the skeletontube, as also to the perfection of the driving mechanism andthe guiding mechanism. The photographs of nebulae andstar-clusters obtained with this instrument, many of whichare reproduced in the plates accompanying this paper, areso sharp and so rich in minute detail as to demonstrate thevery great efficiency of reflecting telescopes in astronomicalphotography, when sufficient attention is given to the perfection of their mirrors and mountings.7. Kurt Laves, Assistant Professor of Astronomy.The Orbit of the Planet {334). Pp. 399-414.Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 53 cents.Planet 334, one of the so-called Hilda type, discoveredin 1892 and named " Chicago " by its discoverer, ProfessorWolf, is marked for its small eccentricity and inclination.An attempt has been made by the writer to determine theabsolute perturbations of Jupiter on this planet after Lever-rier's method. In the present paper the expressions for theperturbative function, and its derivative with respect to themajor axis, are given, up to and including the fourth degreeof small quantities in the periodic terms, and up to and including the sixth degree in the secular terms. It is hoped thatthe paper will be useful in a twofold way: that it will contribute a check for future theories of the orbits of this typeof small planets that will not start from the Keplerian ellipseas a first approximation, and that it will lead toward a redetermination of the mass of Jupiter.VOLUME IXMathematics, Chemistry, Physics, Geology206 pages. Price of volume, $3.50, net ; postpaid, $3.80.1. Albert A. Michelson, Professor and Headof the Department of Physics. The Velocityof Light. With a text figure. Pp. 1-10. Net,25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.Following the line of his earlier experiments, the authordescribes a new method by which the velocity of light, theaccurate determination of which is of such great importancein physical and astronomical research, may be measuredwith a very narrow margin of error. 2. Oskar Bolza, Professor of Mathematics.Concerning the Geodesic Curvature and theIsoperimetric Problem on a Given Surface.Pp. 11-18.A new proof of the well-known theorem that the closedcurve of given length drawn on a given surface whichincloses a portion of the surface of maximum area is a curveof constant geodesic curvature.3. Oskar Bolza, Proof of the Sufficiency of/aco-bfs Condition of a Permanent Sign of theSecond Variation in the So-called IsoperimetricProblems. Pp. 19-25.Gives a simple proof of the sufficiency of Legendre'sand Jacobi's conditions for a permanent sign of the secondvariation in the simplest type of isoperimetric problems inparameter representation.Nos. 2 and 3 together, net, 25 cents ; postpaid, 27 cents.4. Leonard Eugene Dickson, Assistant Professor of Mathematics. Ternary OrthogonalGroups in a General Field. Pp. 27-34.An investigation for an arbitrary field (realm of rationality) of a subject previously treated for a continuous fieldby Weber, and for a Galois field by the writer.5. Leonard Eugene Dickson. The GroupsDefined for a General Field by the RotationGroup. Pp. 35-52.A contribution to the theory of group-determinants andgroup-characters due to Frobenius and Burnside for continuous fields, and to the writer for arbitrary fields.Nos. 4 and 5 together, net, 50 cents ; postpaid, 54 cents.6. Alexander Smith, Associate Professor ofGeneral Chemistry, with the collaboration ofWillis B. Holmes. On Amorphous Sulphur.With two diagrams. Pp. 53-64. Net, 25cents; postpaid, 27 cents.The chief results of this investigation are : (1) A fairlyaccurate method of analyzing mixtures of amorphous andsoluble sulphur has been worked out. (2) The freezingpoint of pure liquid sulphur is found to be 119.250. (3)The freezing-point of pure melted sulphur is shown todepend solely upon the quantity of amorphous sulphurwhich it contains, and to be depressed below 119.250 proportionately to the amount of the latter. (4) The molecularUNIVERSITY RECORD 243weight of amorphous sulphur in solution is found to be S8.(5) Amorphous sulphur is thus an isomer of soluble sulphurand exists in chemical equilibrium with liquid soluble sulphur, whose molecular weight is unknown.7. Robert A. Millikan, Assistant Professor ofPhysics. New Instruments of Precision fromthe Ryerson Physical Laboratory. With sixtext figures. Pp. 65-72. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.A full description of some new pieces of apparatusdevised by members of the Department of Physics: (1) Asubstitute for the Atwood machine ; (2) A " moment ofinertia" machine ; (3) A Young's modulus apparatus ; (4) Avapor-tension device.8. Julius Stieglitz, Associate Professor ofChemistry. On the uBeckman Rearrangement." Pp. 73-88. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 28 cents.The various interpretations of this characteristic molecular rearrangement, including the one advanced by theauthor, are discussed critically in the light of experimentalfacts^ especially of new ones established by the author'swork with a number of collaborating students. The actualfacts are found to agree best with the author's theory of thereaction.9. Carl Kinsley, Instructor in Physics.A Systematic Method of Calculating the Dimensions of Direct Current Dynamo- ElectricMachines. Pp. 89-102. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 28 cents.A dynamo of any type and output operates satisfactorily when its rise in temperature, efficiency, and electromotive force are of desired values. In the method proposedfor designing dynamos, the machine is so proportioned thatthe desired results are obtained. The essential dimensionsare computed by solving the equations showing their relations to the rise in temperature, efficiency, and electromotive force. Therefore, whatever designing constants arechosen, the machine will operate in the predetermined manner. Different makers have machines of somewhat differentform, due to the various designing constants used. Thecalculations are outlined for one of the most satisfactorydynamos now being manufactured by a leading firm. Thetrial-and -error methods which designers are accustomed toemploy are not suitable for the accurate determinationsneeded in a systematic study of the subject. 10. Herbert N. McCoy, Instructor in Chemistry. Equilibrium in the System composedof Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Bicarbonate,Carbon Dioxide, and Water. Pp. 103-124.Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.The equilibrium between sodium carbonate and sodiumbicarbonate in water solution in contact with a vapor phaseof variable carbon dioxide content was studied theoreticallyand experimentally. From the results so obtained the degree of hydrolytic dissociation in a solution of sodiumcarbonate was calculated, and the ionization constant ofsodium bicarbonate, as an acid, determined.11. Heinrich Maschke, Associate Professor ofMathematics. Invariants and Covariants ofQuadratic Differential Quantics of n Variables. Pp. 125-138. Net, 25 cents; postpaid,27 cents.In this article the symbolic method given by the authorin a previous paper in the first volume of the Transactionsof the American Mathematical Society has been developedin detail for the case of n variables.12. Eliakim Hastings Moore, Professor andHead of the Department of Mathematics.The Subgroups of the Generalized Finite Modular Group. Pp. 139-190. Net, $1.00; postpaid, $1.06.In this paper, read before the American MathematicalSociety in August, 1898, all the subgroups of the group oflinear fractional substitutions of determinant 1 in the Galoisfield of order qn are determined.An equation of degree qn + 1 (qndp 21, 31) whose Galoisgroup is the group in question has resolvents of degreeD, D < qn-\- 1, only in the cases qn= 51, 71, n1, 32, whenD is respectively 5, 7, 11, 6. For n — 1 this is a notedtheorem of Galois and Gierster.The doubly infinite system of simple groups of thissystem of groups {qn =|= 2x, 31)determines by the decomposition of the subgroups of itsconstituent groups, apart from the simple groups of primeorder, only simple groups of the original system.13. Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin, Professorand Head of the Department of Geology. AContribution to the Theory of Glacial Motion.Pp. 191-206. Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 54cents.244 UNIVERSITY RECORDA theory of glacier motion based primarily on (i) thegrowth of the glacier granules, or ice crystals, as a result ofthe melting and refreezing of the water developed either atthe surface or by internal stresses ; and (2) the rotation andsliding of these granules on one another. The theory isopposed to the current theory of viscosity. While the fundamental elements on which this theory is based have beensuggested before as elements in glacier motion, the attemptis made to bring out their relations to one another, to glaciermovement, and to the various phases of glacier activity, insome detail.VOLUME XZoology, Anatomy, Physiology, Neurology,Botany, Pathology, Bacteriology396 pases. 39 plates. Price of volume, $10.00, net; postpaid,$10.48.1. Jacques Loeb, Professor and Head of theDepartment of Physiology. On the Production and Suppression of Muscular Twitchingsand Hypersensitiveness of the Skin by Electrolytes. Pp. 1- 1 3. Net, 2 5 cents ; postpaid, 27cents.A continuation of the author's investigations dealingwith the determination of electrolytes which are liable toproduce and inhibit hyperactivity of muscles and hypersensitiveness of the nerves of the skin, the endeavor being toanswer the question whether or not the stimulating andinhibiting effects of ions are a function of their valency andelectrical charge. The experiments herein described have apractical bearing on the treatment of certain diseases.2. Henry H. Donaldson, Professor and Headof the Department of Neurology. On aFormula for Determining the Weight of theCentral Nervous System of a Frog from theLength and Weight of its Entire Body. Withone plate. Pp. 15-29. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.This investigation shows that in the frog the weight ofthe brain and spinal-cord combined can be expressed by asimple formula which is based on the weight of the entirebody and its length. It thus appears that the weight of theentire central nervous system in the frog always bears adefinite relation to the weight of the entire animal, andtherefore, when the length of the frog and its body-weightare known, it is possible to calculate the weight of thecentral nervous system by the use of the formula which isgiven. 3. William Lawrence Tower, Assistant inEmbryology. The Development of Colors andColor Patterns of Coleoptera, with Observations on the Development of Colors in OtherOrders of Insects. With three colored lithographic plates. Pp. 31-70. Net, $1.00; postpaid, $1.05.Color develops in connection with the hardening ofthe body sclerites, and pigmented areas are frequentlycorrelated with muscle attachments. Color patterns ofvarious genera have many developmental stages in common,and a fundamental plan of color development was found inall the genera studied. A study of the development of thecuticula and the source and composition of the colors wasalso made. Enzymes of a new class, chitases, were discovered and extracted. These enzymes are a potent factor inthe hardening of the cuticula and in the development of thecolor. The cuticula is composed of two layers : an outer orprimary cuticula of chitin and an inner layer, a carbohydrate, allied to tunicin. The colors develop in the primarycuticula, which is derived from prochitin, an albumino gela-tinate, through the action of chitases producing chitin andcoloring matters of the azo, di-azo, and amido-azo series.4. Arthur W. Greeley, Assistant in Physiology. The Artificial Reproduction of Sporesby a reduction of Temperature. With fivetext figures. Pp. 71-78. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.It is possible by means of variation in temperatureto control the reproduction of Monas. At 20 ° C it multiplies sexually, and by simple fission; at i° to 40 C< reproduction by asexual spores takes place.5. Edwin Oakes Jordan, Associate Professorof Bacteriology. The Self Purification ofStreams. With two maps. Pp. 79-90- Net,25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.A statement concerning the methods employed andresults obtained in a study of the Illinois river after theopening of the Chicago Drainage Canal, together with someconclusions as to the kind of evidence best adapted to showthe existence of a purifying process. This paper has beenvery freely quoted in the litigation between the city of St.Louis and the Drainage Canal trustees.UNIVERSITY RECORD 2456. Waldemar Koch, Assistant in Pharmacology.The Lecithans. Their Function in the Life ofthe Cell. Pp. 91-102. Net, 25 cents; postpaid, 27 cents.In every living cell there are found a number of closelyrelated phosphorized fats containing nitrogen, for which thegroup-name Lecithan is proposed. These substances havenot been very generally studied since Hoppe-Sayler's investigations, more attention having been given to the proteids.The Lecithans are found to be of value to the cell in theirrelation to the inorganic constituents and also by enteringinto the metabolism of the cell. A method for the quantitative estimation of these substances is described.7. Ralph Waldo Webster, Assistant in Physiological Chemistry. A Contribution to thePhysical Analysis of the Phenomena of Absorption of Liquids by Animal Tissues. Pp. 103-134. Net, 50 cents; postpaid 54 cents.A detailed study of the effects of solutions of variouselectrolytes and non-electrolytes upon phenomena of absorption. An attempt is made to explain, by the laws of physicalchemistry, the various phenomena noted. A practicallycomplete bibliography of the work along this line accompanies this article.8. George E. Shambaugh, Instructor in Anatomy of the Ear, Nose, and Throat. The Distribution of Blood-vessels in the Labyrinth of theEar of Sus Scrofa Domesticus. With eightcolored plates. Pp. 135-154. Net, $1.25;postpaid, $1.29.The circulation in the labyrinth is worked out for theear of the pig by using Eichler's method of making celloidincasts of the labyrinth. A large series of embryos wasinjected, of sizes measuring from 2% cm. in length to theembryo at full term, measuring about 30 cm. The simplerscheme for the distribution of vessels found in the youngerembryos was utilized in interpreting the complicated systemof vessels found in the labyrinth at full term. Ten drawingsin colors illustrate the articles.9. Charles Benedict Davenport, AssociateProfessor of Zoology and Embryology. TheAnimal Ecology of the Cold Spring Sand Spit,with Remarks on the Theory of Adaptation.With a map and six half-tone cuts. Pp. 155-176. Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 55 cents.The sand spit at Cold Spring Harbor is a microcosmwhere marine and terrestrial species come together. The marine organisms contribute flotsam and jetsam to theupper beach, so that the line of debris just above the high-tide line is rich in organic matter, both plant and animal.This line of debris, renewed twice each day, is the feeding-ground of a remarkable fauna. Here lives, in a terrestrialhabitat, a marine species of amphipod, and in the samesituation are found numerous terrestrial species, such as ants,flies, and beetles. These scavengers, in turn, invite a number of predaceous creatures — spiders, robber-flies, and tigerbeetles. Finally these are preyed upon by the swallows. Atthe tip of the sand spit live certain species that dependupon the currents to bring them their food. These, likethe other creatures, are adapted to their environment. Theadaptation has been in part brought about by a segregationof individuals into the environment to which their structurefits them.10. Shinkishi Hatai, Research Assistant in Neurology. The Finer Structure of the Neuronesin the Nervous System of the White Rat. Withfour colored plates. Pp. 177-190. Net, 75cents ; postpaid, 79 cents.This article describes mainly the finer structure of theaxones and dendrites of various forms of neurones as wellas the intimate anatomical relations existing between thetwo processes just mentioned. In addition, the finer structure of the ground substance in the nerve-cell bodies is discussed. The observations were made on material whichwas fixed and stained by methods devised by the author.11. John Merle Coulter, Professor and Headof the Department of Botany. The Phytogenyof Angiosperms. Pp. 191— 196. Net, 25 cents;postpaid, 27 cents.The statement of a theory based upon investigationsduring several years by various members of the department. The common or independent origin of Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons is discussed, the conclusion beingreached that they are independent lines. In case theAngiosperms prove to have a common origin, evidence isadvanced to show that the Monocotyledons represent aspecialized offshoot from the Dicotyledons, contrary to therecent general impression that the Monocotyledons are themore primitive. The origin of Angiosperms from Gymno-sperms is shown to be untenable ; and even such hetero-sporous Pteridophytes as Isoetes and Selaginella are verjrimprobable ancestral forms. The general conclusion is-reached that the Angiosperms have been directly derivedfrom the eusporangiate ferns, the transition forms to theMonocotyledons being unknown; but the transition formsto Dicotyledons being represented by the abundant andproblematical " Proangiosperms " of the early Cretaceous.246 UNIVERSITY RECORD12. H. Gideon Wells, Instructor in Pathology.Studies in Fat Necrosis. Pp. 197-224. Net,25 cents; postpaid, 28 cents.A series of experimental studies on the pathogenesis ofintra-abdominal fat necrosis, of the type following pancreatic lesions, based upon the observation that the typicalprocess can be produced experimentally with dried extractsof the pancreas. This has given opportunity for control ofconditions which cannot be attained by the methods previously used, making it possible to approach the question ofthe causative factor in an exact manner. The study of thethermal death-point of the necrosis-producing element ofthe pancreatic extract shows it to be in all probability a ferment. The order of development of the changes in thelesions indicates that the necrosis is primary and the fat-splitting secondary.13. Bradley Moore Davis, Assistant Professorof Botany. Oogenesis in Saprolegnia. Withtwo lithographic plates. Pp. 225-258. Net,75 cents; postpaid, 79 cents.This paper describes the process of egg formation inone of the fish moulds. The investigation bears especiallyon that type of sexual organ termed the coenogamete, whichis a multinucleate structure. The physiological conditionsthat lead to extensive degeneration of the nuclei in theoogonia are discussed together with the cytological eventsthat determine the selection of the nuclei destined to presideover the eggs. These developments are related to theactivities of certain cytoplasmic centers termed ccenocentra.The events of oogenesis have important bearing on theviews of Trow respecting the sexuality of the Saprolegnialesand also on the conditions in other groups of the Phycomy-cetes, the Peronosporales and Mucorales. Recent investigations upon ccenogametes in the Ascomycetes arediscussed and theories are advanced as to the evolutionaryprinciples that control the origin and evolution of thesestructures. Ccenogametes are believed by the author to bethe primitive form of sexual organs in the Mucorales,Saprolegniales, and Peronosporales, and also in certainregions of the Ascomycetes.14. Albert Chauncey Eycleshymer, AssistantProfessor of Anatomy. The Early Development of Lepidosteus Osseus. With one lithographic and one zinc plate, showing forty-three figures. Pp. 259-276. Net, 50 cents;postpaid, 53 cents.An account of the early phases of development asobserved in living and in preserved material, followed by a comparison of these phases with those of other ganoidfishes ; concluding with general remarks on the characterand significance of cleavage.15. Robert Russell Bensley, Assistant Professor of Anatomy. The Structure of theGlands of Brunner. Pp. 2 7 7-3 26. Net, $1.00;postpaid, $1.10.A study of the cytological characters, staining reactions, and microscopic anatomy of the glands of Brunner ofa number of representative mammals.16. Charles Joseph Chamberlain, Instructor inMorphology and Cytology. Mitosis inPellia.With three lithographic plates. Pp. 327-346.Net, 50 cents; postpaid, 54 cents.This investigation deals with the first two nuclear divisions in the germinating spore. For comparison, however,mitosis was studied in other phases of the life history. Theprincipal conclusions are as follows :The stimulus to nuclear division comes from withinthe nucleus. The asters are of cytoplasmic origin. Thecaps come from the outer portion of the nuclear membraneor from a Hautschicht surrounding the nucleus. Theappearance and disappearance of the astral rays suggestthat they are concerned in the movement of nuclear matter.The centrosphere is formed by the astral rays, not therays by the centrosphere.The centrosphere, or Pellia, represents a condition intermediate between the well-defined centrosphere of some ofthe thallophytes and the centrosomeless condition of thehigher plants. The spindle fibers, except the mantle fibers,grow from one pole to the other. In early stages two half-spindles are often distinguishable.17. Lewellys Franklin Barker, Professor andHead of the Department of Anatomy. Withan introduction by Dr. Sanger Brown. ADescription of the Brains and Spinal Cords ofTwo Brothers Dead of Hereditary Ataxia ofthe Series in the Family Described by Dr.Sanger Brown. With three heliotype platesand forty figures. Pp. 347-396. Net, $2.00 ;postpaid, $2.08.The article includes a detailed description of the grossand microscopic findings in the brains and spinal cords oftwo brothers, dead of hereditary ataxia. Colored platesillustrate the lesions in the spinal cord. Numerous process-method illustrations accompany the description ofthe cerebrum and cerebellum.The price of the entire series, ten volumes, uniformly bound in silk, is $40.00, net.UNIVERSITY RECORD 247SECOND SERIES.Vol. I. The Life and Repentaunce of Marie Magdalene, by Lewis Wager. A morality playreprinted from the original edition of 1566,edited, with an Introduction, Notes, and Glos-sarial Index, by Frederic Ives Carpenter,of the Department of English. Second edition. Pp. xxxvi -f- 86, octavo, cloth. Net,$1.50; postpaid, $1.60.The first modern reprint of a sixteenth-century dramaof considerable interest . It continues in morality form thelong line of literature in which the Magdalen legend istreated, and occupies a unique position in the history of thedrama in its curious mixture of type — morality, historicalplay, and biblical play in one. In the Introduction arediscussed its general class and the history of Magdalenliterature, as well as questions relating to its date andanalysis, staging, diction, and versification, sources, andthe like-Vol. II. The Second Bank of the United States, ByRalph C. H. Catterall, of the Departmentof History. Pp. xiv-l-538, octavo, cloth.Net, $3.00; postpaid, $3.20.A history of the Second Bank of the United States, treating at length both the monetary and political questions connected with that institution. Thus the book deals not onlywith the political events of the Bank War, but also with thesubjects of branch drafts, the bank as a government agency,and the bank's control of state banks and of currency.In addition to the material secured from ordinary sources,the author has had access to the manuscript papers of Nicholas Biddle, including an enormous mass of letters fromprominent individuals in relation to the bank, as well as theletter-books of President Biddle himself. From thesesources much new light is thrown upon the events immediately preceding the application in 1832 for a renewal of thecharter, the struggle which followed, Biddle's managementof the bank, and his opinions relative to the bank's attitudeon political matters.Vol. III. Light Waves and their Uses. With 108drawings and three colored plates ; by AlbertA. Michelson, of the Department of Physics.Pp. x-f-i 66, octavo, cloth. Net, $2.00; postpaid, $2.12.This book contains a carefully revised course of lectures delivered before the Lowell Institute at Boston. Inthese lectures the results of the investigations with which the author has been engaged for the last twenty years arepresented in language as free from technicality as possible.The first chapter contains a discussion of wave motion, andshows that the most important characteristic of waves istheir ability to produce interference phenomena. Theother lectures deal with the methods which have beendevised for making use of the interference of the waves oflight in the production of a natural standard of length, inanalyzing the vibrations which a source of light emits, andin measuring extremely minute distances and angles. Theselectures are now for the first time rendered accessible to thepublic at large. They contain much information about lightwaves which is to be found only in scientific periodicals.The subject is presented in such simple form that comparatively little training is needed to enable one to comprehend the essential facts and fundamental principles involved.Vol. IV. Assyrian and Babylonian Letters Belonging to the Kouyunfik Collection of the BritishMuseum, by Robert Francis Harper, of theDepartment of Semitic Languages and Literatures. Pp. xvi + 142 plates of texts, octavo,cloth. Net, $6.00; postpaid, $6.15.The eighth volume of the Corpus of Assyrian and Babylonian Letter Literature, which was begun in 1892, appearsas a number of the Decennial Series, the preceding sevenvolumes having also been issued by the University of Chicago Press. The work of which this volume forms a partincludes the text of over eight hundred letters, most of whichhave been deciphered and published for the first time by thepresent editor.Vol. V. The Poems of Anne Countess of Win-chilsea. From the original edition of 17 13and from unpublished manuscripts, edited,with an Introduction and Notes, by MyraReynolds, of the Department of English.Pp. cxxx + 436, octavo, cloth. Net, $3.00 ;postpaid, $3.25.The countess of Winchilsea wrote during the years1680-1720. A portion of her work appeared in 1713, in avolume now quite rare. Her unpublished poems are in twomanuscripts, one in the possession of the earl of Winchilseaand the other in that of Mr. Edmund Gosse. This volumecontains all the available extant work of Lady Winchilsea.An important feature is the biographical sketch compiledfrom original sources which appears in the Introduction,pointing out in detail the characteristics in which her poemswere not in harmony with contemporary tendencies.248 UNIVERSITY RECORDVol. VI. La Perfecta Casada, por el Maestro F.Luys de Leon. Texto del Siglo XVI. Re-impresion de la tercera edicion, con variantesde la primera, y un prologo. Por ElizabethWallace, Miembro del Cuerpo de Profesoresde Lenguas Romances. Pp. xxviii+120,octavo, cloth. Net, $1.50; postpaid, $1.58.This volume is a reprint of the third (1587) edition ofthe most popular prose work of Fray Luis de Leon, withvariants of the first edition, and introductory notes. Thepresent, edition possesses a distinct advantage over theformer ones, which have all been in a form inconvenient forthe student of sixteenth-century Spanish, and often subject to embarrassing inaccuracies. The text is reprintedfrom one which was corrected and revised by Luys de Leon,and forms an excellent basis for the study of the style andlanguage of this great master of Spanish prose.Vol. VII. — Legal Tender: A Study in English andAmerican Monetary History. By SophonisbaP. Breckinridge, of the Department of Political Science. Pp. xviii-L-i82, octavo, cloth.Net, $2.00; postpaid, $2. 12.The object of this study is to present the history of theexercise of the legal-tender power by the governments ofEngland and of the United States. The idea of legal tender is primarily a legal idea. In order that the relations ofdebtor and creditor may have a due degree of certainty, it isessential that certain money units in common use shall carrywith them the right to use them in canceling obligations growing out of contracts. The purpose of bestowing this right is,then, a legal purpose. But the right is often conferred forother reasons than the legal one— from political and economicreasons. A review of the forms in which the power to bestow the right has been exercised, of the reasons which haveprevailed, of the constitutional and political considerationsinvolved, is here presented as a basis for the solution ofeconomic problems connected with the subject, and dependent for their right understanding upon such consideration.Vol. VIII. The Role of Diffusion and OsmoticPressure in Plants. By Burton E. Livingston, of the Department of Botany. Pp. xiv+ 150, octavo, cloth. Net, $1.50 ; postpaid,$1.61.The fundamental importance of osmotic phenomena inorganic life has long led teachers to feel the need of atreatise on this subject at once thorough and concise, such that it might be used by students whose knowledge of chemistry and physics is only elementary. The first part of thepublication supplies this demand. In the second part theauthor has presented the present status of knowledge withregard to the osmotic occurrences in plants . Here thoroughness and completeness have not been sacrificed to conciseness, but the two have been so brought together that thispart should be valuable, not only to the beginning studentwho wishes to acquaint himself with the nature of the absorption and transmission in plants, but also to the advancedstudent who desires a bibliography of physiological osmosisand diffusion.Vol. IX. A History of the Greenbacks, with SpecialReference to the Economic Consequences of TheirIssue. By Wesley Clair Mitchell, of theDepartment of Political Economy., Pp.Xvi+57S, octavo, cloth. Net, $4.00; postpaid, $4.23.In this monograph an attempt is made to treat thesubject from both the historical and the economic points ofview. The first part gives a detailed account of the chainof events that led to the suspension of specie payments andthe enactment of the first, second, and third legal-tenderlaws. The second part deals with the economic consequences of the desertion of a metallic for a paper standard.The embarassments caused by the chaotic condition of thecirculating medium during the Civil War are first discussed.Then follow studies of the fluctuations in the specie valueof the paper currency, and in the prices of commodities.The chapter on prices is based mainly upon fresh tablescomputed from the data supplied by the " exhibits " of theAldrich Report. The effects of the price changes upon thedistribution of wealth are then dealt with in a series ofchapters upon wages, rent, interest, and profits. Thechapter upon wages contains a critical analysis of Falkner'stable, elaborate new tables based like the new tables ofprices on the material in the "exhibits" of the AldrichReport, and also tables computed from the hitherto almostunused material published in Vol. XX of the census of 1880.An interesting result of the investigation is the demonstration of an element of truth in the subsistence theory ofwages. Chapters upon the production and consumption ofwealth and the effect of the paper standard in augmentingthe cost incurred by the government in waging the war,close the discussion. In the Appendix all of the statisticalmaterial employed as the basis of the tables is published atlength.UNIVERSITY RECORD 249Vol. X. The Study of Stellar Evolution : A Popular Account of Modern Methods of AstrophysicalResearch. By George Ellery Hale, of theDepartment of Astronomy. [In preparation.]The purpose of this book is to tell how the origin, development, and decay of celestial bodies is studied in amodern observatory. The remarkable advances in astronomyduring the second half of the nineteenth century, includingthe development of great telescopes, the introduction of thespectroscope and the many discoveries made with its aid,and the results obtained through the use of photography,have given the study of stellar evolution a prominent place inthe work of many observatories. The explanations of instruments and methods are accompanied by illustrations, andthe most recent astronomical photographs obtained with thetelescopes of the Yerkes Observatory are reproduced in aseries of plates.Vol. XL Studies in Logical Theory. Edited byJohn Dewey, of the Department of Philosophy, with the co-operation of members andfellows of the Department of Philosophy.Pp. xiv+388, octavo, cloth. Net, $2.50;postpaid, $2.67.As is indicated by the title of this volume, the bookundertakes a series of critical and constructive studies inlogic along the lines of the recent work of such authors asBradley, Bosanquet, Lotze, and Sigwart, as well as Milland some of the earlier English writers. Among the contributors, besides the editor, are Dr. MacLennan, of OberlinCollege; Dr. Stuart, of the State University of Iowa; Dr.Helen Thompson, of Mount Holyoke College ; Drs. Mooreand Ashley, of the University of Chicago, etc. The volume represents the first fruits given to the public of the investigation carried on continuously in the Graduate Schoolof the University during the last eight years.Vol. XII. The Messianic Hope in the New Testament. By Shailer Mathews, of the Department of New Testament Literature and Interpretation. [In press.]The messianic hope of the Pharisees is formulated as acriterion for historical interpretation. With its aid a study ismade of the messianic ideas of Jesus, the New Testamentdoctrine of judgment and justification through faith; the mes-siahship of Jesus as the basis of the apostolic theodicy ; themessianic age and its forerunner the gift of the spirit ; theresurrection of the body ; the coming of the kingdom ; the "consummation." As a conclusion there is shown the distinction between the essential and the formal elements of historical Christianity made possible by such an investigation.Vol. XIII. Glacial Studies in Greenland. ByThomas C. Chamberlin, of the Departmentof Geology. [In preparation.]This will consist of a detailed description of about fifteen Greenland ice tongues, and of a portion of the mainice cap, dwelling especially upon the significant features,followed by a chapter on generalizations, a chapter on experiments, a chapter on theoretical deductions, and a chapter on the applicability of the generalizations and deductions to the great ice invasions of the past.Vol. XIV. Lectures on the Calculus of Variations.By Oskar Bolza, of the Department ofMathematics. Pp. xv + 280; net, $4.00; postpaid, $4-34-This treatise is, in substance, a reproduction in considerably extended form of a series of lectures delivered by the authorat the Colloquium held in connection with a summer meetingof the American Mathematical Society. It gives a detailedaccount of the typical and most important class of problems inthe calculus of variations — in which an integral dependingupon a plane curve and containing no higher but the firstderivatives of the unknown functions is to be maximized orminimized — with special emphasis upon the progress ofthe theory during the last twenty-five years. The followingtopics are treated : ( 1 ) The older theory of the first and secondvariation from Euler to Jacobi, and the critical revision ofits foundations and demonstrations by DuBois-Reymond,Scheeffer,Weierstrass,and others. (2) Weierstrass's theory: theproblem in parameter-representation, the fourth necessarycondition; sufficient conditions. (3) Simplifications and extensions of Weierstrass's theory, especially by Kneser andHilbert. (4) The so-called isoperimetric problems. (5) Hil-bert's existence theorems.Vol. XV. Studies in General Physiology. ByJacques Loeb, of the Department of Physiology. Part I, about 430 pages; Part IT,about 400 pages; net (both Parts), $7.50;postpaid, $7.84.This volume will contain some of the author's principalpapers on the subjects of animal tropisms, heteromorphosisand artificial transformation of organs, artificial parthenogenesis, physiological effects of ions, the effects of lackof oxygen, function of cell nucleus, etc. These papershave appeared in scattered German periodicals or as separate publications in German, and many of them are now outof print or inaccessible.250 UNIVERSITY RECORDVol. XVI. The Finality of the Christian Religion. By George Burman Foster, of theDepartment of Systematic Theology. [Inpress.]The work has two sections : " Christianity as Authority-Religion " and " Christianity as Religion of the MoralConsciousness of Man." In the first section the rise, development, and disintegration of Christianity as authority-religion is historico-critically traced. In the second section,Christianity as religion of the moral consciousness is definedin antithesis to the extremes of naturalism and clericalism.Then the respective merits of the dogmatic and the religio-historical methods of approach to the main subject are examined. Finally, in the light of the originality of personality on the one hand, and of the doctrine of a foreverprogressive humanity on the other, in accordance with theidea of evolution, the problem, " Is Christianity the UltimateReligion?" is treated in a critical and constructive manner.Vol. XVII. Predecessors of Goethe in Italy inthe Eighteenth Century. By Camillo vonKlenze, of the Department of the GermanicLanguages and Literatures. [In preparation.]The aim of this investigation is to study in detail theattitude toward Italy taken by the eighteenth century, with a view to determining not merely what those generations saw or failed to see in the peninsula, but to decide, too,in how far Goethe's famous Italienische Reise — a bookthe value of which has been so variously estimated — showsdependence on the preference and prejudices of its time, andfurthermore in how far — if at all — Goethe goes beyond hiscontemporaries. In this fashion, it is hoped, somethingmay be done toward eliminating from our judgment of thisfamous work that element of shifting subjectivity which hasso far prevailed.Vol. XVIII. Physical Chemistry in the Serviceof the Sciences. By Jacobus H. van't Hoff,Professor Ordinarius of the University ofBerlin, Special Lecturer on Physical Chemistry at the Decennial celebration. Englishversion by Alexander Smith, of the Department of Chemistry. Pp. xiv-f-126, octavo,cloth. Net, $1.50; postpaid, $1.62.This book contains the course of eight lectures delivered by Professor van't Hoff June 20-24, 1 901, immediatelyafter the Decennial Celebration of the University of Chicago.The lectures deal, in pairs, with the applications of physicalchemistry in pure chemistry, industrial chemistry, physiology,and geology, respectively.UNIVERSITY RECORD 251RECENT IMPROVEMENTS ON THE UNIVERSITYCAMPUS.During the summer and autumn a large number of improvements and changes have beenmade upon the campus, which have added muchto the general appearance of the grounds andbuildings.At the opening of spring the pond constructedlast season near the Botany Building in HullCourt was filled, and the edges planted withvarious hardy swamp or water plants. Floatingand submerged plants were also introduced.Many other hardy perennials, both herbs andshrubs, were planted in the court. A bed wasdevoted to the cultivation of the new species of(Enothera, for which seeds were sent by Professor DeVries, and well-grown plants were usedby him in his lectures on " Mutation " in August.The driveway and walks in the court have beenimproved and surfaced with cinders. The courtfrom either gateway presented during the summer an especially attractive view. The plantingsin the court and particularly those in the pondhave already proved of very great service to theDepartment of Botany. The Zoology greenhouse in Hull Court has been remodeled, a substantial roof having been put on and somechanges made in the heating system to facilitatethe zoological work carried on there by Mr.William L. Tower, Instructor in Embryology.New lawns have been made about the BartlettGymnasium, the Tower Group of Buildings, theLaw School, the School of Education, and theManual Training School. About two dozenAmerican elms of good size have been planted,a row being placed in front of the JRyersonPhysical Laboratory and Kent ChemicalLaboratory, and a number also on the spacebetween the Law School and the Women'sDormitories. Many plants of the Boston ivywere set out about various buildings, includingthe Press Building, the Law School, Emmons Blaine Hall and the Manual Training School,the Tower Group, and the Bartlett Gymnasium.The work of lawn-making and tree-plantingwas on a somewhat extensive scale, and theplan followed in the work was that of OlmsteadBrothers, of Brookline, Mass. Virgin soil fromthe country near Elgin, 111., was brought in forfilling the lawns. Great pains were taken in thematter of planting the trees. For each tree aspace twenty feet square by three feet deep wasexcavated, and this was filled with good countrysoil mixed with well-rotted manure, one part toten. The cost of preparation and planting ofeach elm tree was about $125, although the treeitself was valued at only sixteen dollars.A number of new cement sidewalks were laidon the campus, particularly about the BartlettGymnasium, the Tower Group of buildings, theLaw School, and the School of Education.Four new tennis courts were built — two justsouth of Snell Hall, and two south of the LeonMandel Assembly Hall. These courts wereconstructed in the best possible manner, theexperts who have used them pronouncing themthe best on the campus. They were built in accordance with the wishes of Director A. A.Stagg, of the Division of Physical Culture andAthletics.For further protection against fire a largenumber of Babcock extinguishers and fire hosewere placed in all the buildings. Two fire-alarmboxes were put on the campus, one in front ofthe Mitchell Tower, and one on Lexington Avenue for the Women's Buildings. Some changeswere made in the women's dormitories with aview to decreasing danger from fire, notablychanges in rooms on the south side of FosterHall to make a better approach to fire escapes,and the providing of fire doors for elevators.The total expense of the campus improvements was about $11,000 and of fire apparatusabout $1,500.252 UNIVERSITY RECORDELIZABETH GREEN KELLY.The numerous benefactions of Mrs. Kelly tothe University lend peculiar interest to the following facts regarding her:She was born at Lafayette, N. Y., August 17,1828. Her father, Turpin, was the son of CalebGreen, a cousin of General Nathaniel Green,one of the ablest commanders in the Revolution.Her mother, Martha, was the daughter ofEbenezer Hall, another soldier well known atthe time of the War of Independence.Caleb Green had taken up a large tract of landat Lafayette and gave to the village the schoolyard, the church lot, and half the common. Herparents were members of the Baptist church.They passed their lives on one of the finestfarms in that part of the state. They werewidely known for their benevolence, and herfather was accustomed to say that he had givenaway a fortune in maple sugar alone.These parents are commemorated in GreenHall. The family consisted of five children,four of them boys. Mrs. Kelly was marriedtwice. In 1853 she became the wife of Mr.Carlo Hall, of Lower Sandusky, Ohio, andmoved to that place (now Fremont). Threeyears later Mr. Hall died, and after four yearsof widowhood she married, August 8, i860,Mr. Hiram Kelly, a former resident of LowerSandusky, then living in Sacramento, Calif. InSeptember, i860, therefore, they went to Sacramento, taking the route by steamer and thePanama railway.Mr. Kelly and his partners kept a generalstore, fitting out miners and mine mills witheverything they needed. The firm did a largebusiness and had branch stores in Virginia Cityand Carson City. During these years the Kellyswere neighbors to C. P. Huntington, LelandStanford, Charles Crocker, and Mark Hopkins.These men were much interested in new railroads and urged Mr. Kelly to join them in theirenterprises.He decided, however, to return to the East, and in 1865 tnev started on the journey, takingthis time the Nicaragua route. They were.eleven days in crossing the isthmus from Sanjuandel Sur to Greytown. They were accompanied by a detachment of United States soldierscarrying a large amount of gold. Mrs. Kellywas rowed down the rivers by natives, uncouth,savage men, one rowing, one with spear raisedto kill sharks that came too near. Mr. Kellywas so sick he could not speak. Part of the wayhe had to be carried while she walked, the denseunderbrush tearing her clothing into shreds.Not long after their return from Californiathey made a foreign tour. The rest of theirlives, for the most part, was spent in Chicago.Here Mr. Kelly died in 1889, soon after movinginto the beautiful new home on Prairie Avenue.Mrs. Kelly survived him more than twenty-fiveyears in a life devoted to kindly and charitabledeeds.A COURSE OF POPULAR LECTURES ON THE BIBLE.Under the auspices of the Hyde Park Guildof the Religious Education Association — aninternational organization — a series of popularlectures on the Bible is to be given in LeonMandel Assembly Hall, beginning with theevening of November 3, 1904. The first groupof three lectures is to be given by Assistant Professor Herbert L. Willett, of the Department ofSemitic Languages and Literatures, on the subject of "Old Testament Prophecy," the datesbeing November 3, 10, and 17, 1904; the secondgroup of three lectures will be given by thePresident of the University on " The Work ofthe Old Testament Sages," the dates beingJanuary 12, 19, and 26, 1905 ; the third group,by Professor Shailer Mathews, of the Department of New Testament Literature and Interpretation, on the subject of " The Gospels," thedates being February 23, March 2, and 9 ; andthe fourth group, by Professor Ernest D.Burton, Head of the Department of NewTestament Literature and Interpretation, on theUNIVERSITY RECORD 253subject of "The Pauline Writings," the datesbeing April 13, 20, and 27.Provision will be made for those who do thesuggested reading in connection with the lectures, to report it in writing ; and to such as dothis work some special recognition will be givenat the close of the course.A NEW VOLUME BY THE PRESIDENT OF THEUNIVERSITY.Among the announcements of books soon tobe issued by the University of Chicago Press isthat of a new volume by the President of theUniversity on Religion and the Higher Life.The volume, of 194 pages, has as a subtitle" Talks to Students," and consists of addresses,more or less informal, which have been givenon various occasions to companies of young menand women.The book bears the dedication: "To myFather and Mother in honor of the Fiftieth Anniversary of their Marriage."The topics are the practical questions of thereligious life which young men and women arecompelled to consider, whether they will or not.In the words of the preface: "I am more confident today than ever before that the universities and colleges are not performing their fullfunction in the matter of religious education.There is need of a reconsideration of this wholesubject. Who will undertake the task? . . . .In any case, I have in this way discharged in ameasure a responsibility which has weighedupon me more heavily than any other connectedwith the office which I have been called toadminister."Among the subjects considered in the bookare " Fellowship and its Obligation — Service,""Dependence," "Certainty and Uncertainty asFactors in Life," " Our Intellectual Difficulties,""The College Experience an Epitome of Life,""Religious Belief among College Students,"and " Bible Study and the Religious Life." FORTHCOMING BOOKS IN EGYPTOLOGY.Associate Professor James H. Breasted, ofthe Department of Semitic Languages andLiteratures, has returned from Europe with thecompleted manuscript of a work on which hehas been engaged for nearly ten years. It is acomplete English translation of all the historicaldocuments of ancient Egypt, from the earliesttimes to the termination of Egyptian nationality at the conquest by the Persians in 525B. C. In the course of this work Mr. Breastedhas copied practically all of the historical monuments of Egypt in the European museums, besides many of those in Egypt. The work is thusbased upon the original monuments themselves,and not upon often incorrect and misleadingpublished reproductions. It will appear in fourvolumes, published by the University of Chicago Press, in conjunction with The MacmillanCompany.The author has based upon these sources asix-hundred-page history of Egypt, the manuscript of which is also ready. In addition tothese more technical works, Mr. Breasted hasalso completed a popular book giving an accountof the monuments of Egypt at the present day.AWARD OF GRAND PRIZES TO THE UNIVERSITYOF CHICAGO.In recognition of the remarkable quality ofits educational exhibits at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, the authorities ofthe Exposition have awarded to the Universityof Chicago four Grand Prizes in the form offour gold medals. This number of prizes isdouble that awarded to any other American,English, or German university.The letter announcing the awards is as follows:President William R. Harper, The University of Chicago:The University of Chicago has been awarded GrandPrizes ( First Prizes) as follows : ( 1 ) on the general exhibit ; (2) on the work of the University Press ; (3) onthe work of the Yerkes Observatory, and (4) on Mr.254 UNIVERSITY RECORDMichelson's physics instruments. Five claims were made.In addition to one for each of the above was the claimof the Extension Division of the University.Some other universities have been given Gold Medals,but in no other case have more than two Grand Prizesbeen given. Yours sincerely,William S. Bixler.THE HIRAM KELLY MEMORIAL FUND.The heading given above is the designationof a fund of $150,000 bequeathed to the University by the late Mrs. Elizabeth Green Kelly.The purpose of the bequest was the creation ofa memorial to Mrs. Kelly's husband, who diedseveral years ago.It is left to the discretion of the President ofthe University and the Board of Trustees togive this memorial the form of a building or todevote it to " some one purpose associated witha building".As is well known, Mrs. Kelly gave some yearsago the funds for the erection of Kelly andGreen Halls, the latter being a memorial to herparents. She had also made other munificentgifts to the institution.A SERIES OF SYMPHONY CONCERTS BY THEODORETHOMAS.In view of the remarkable interest shown lastyear in the series of concerts given by theChicago Orchestra, under the leadership ofTheodore Thomas, in the Leon Mandel Assembly Hall, a new series of six symphony concerts has been arranged for the same place,under the auspices of the Quadrangle Club. Thefirst concert will be given on Monday evening,November 7, and the following concerts on thefirst Monday evening in each month, concludingwith that of April 30. So rare an opportunityto enjoy the highest of orchestral music at theUniversity will doubtless be appreciated notonly by a large number of students, but by manypersons living in this part of the city. THE FACULTIES.At the Vesper Service in Leon Mandel Assembly Hall on October 23 the Rev. W. J.Dawson, LL.D., of London, was the speaker." Higher Education in the West " is the titleof an article in the October issue of the NorthAmerican Review, contributed by PresidentWilliam R. Harper.In the October number of the Forum Associate Professor William I. Thomas, of the Department of Sociology, has a contributionentitled "Is the Human Brain Stationary?"Assistant Professor Elias P. Lyon, of the Department of Physiology, who was also Dean inMedical Work, has resigned to accept a position at Washington University in St. Louis.Professor John M. Coulter, Head of the Department of Botany, has been made president ofthe Hyde Park Guild of the Religious Education Association, which was organized in June,1904.Associate Professor Karl Pietsch, of the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures, contributes to the October number ofModern Philology an article on "The SpanishParticle he."The " C " stone bench, contributed to the University by the class of 1903, was put in positionduring the summer in front of Cobb LectureHall, and makes an especially appropriate andconvenient addition to the campus.On Civic Day, October 6, at the LouisianaPurchase Exposition in St. Louis, AssistantProfessor Ira W. Howerth, of the Departmentof Sociology, spoke upon "The Civic Problemfrom a Sociological Point of View."The University Preachers for October wereProfessor Charles R. Henderson, UniversityChaplain; President William R. Harper; Dr.Lyman Abbott, of New York city; and Rev.William J. McCaughan, D.D., of the ThirdPresbyterian Church, Chicago.UNIVERSITY RECORD 255"Botany as a Factor in Education" is theopening contribution in the October issue of theSchool Review. It was written by ProfessorJohn M. Coulter, Head of the Department ofBotany." The Spirit of Literature " was the subject ofan address by Associate Professor S. H. Clark,of the Department of Public Speaking, beforethe convention of the Indiana Federation ofWomen's Clubs held recently in Elkhart, Ind.After a year spent at Berlin in special workalong the line of Egyptology Associate Professor James H. Breasted, of the Department ofSemitic Languages and Literatures, has returned for his regular work in the University.Assistant Professor Gerald B. Smith, of theDepartment of Systematic Theology, is givinga course on Monday evenings in the Hyde ParkPresbyterian Church, Chicago, on "The Application of the Principles of Pedagogy and Psychology to Sunday-school Teaching.""Educational Progress Since the World'sColumbian Exposition " is the title of an articleby Assistant Professor George C. Howland, ofthe Department of Romance Languages andLiteratures, contributed to the special Chicagonumber (October 10) of the Chicago Tribune." St. Louis, Chicago, and the Typhoid Bacillus " is the title of a contribution by AssociateProfessor Edwin O. Jordan, of the Departmentof Pathology and Bacteriology, in the Octoberissue of The World To-Day. The article has astriking illustration of the Drainage Canal before completion." The Methods of the Earth-Sciences " is thetitle of a contribution in the November issue ofthe Popular Science Monthly, by ProfessorThomas C. Chamberlin, Head of the Department of Geology. It was originally presentedas a paper before the International Congress ofArts and Science held at the World's Fair inSt. Louis. In the July- August number of the Journal ofGeology is a long and very fully illustrated contribution on "Glacial and Post-Glacial Historyof the Hudson and Champlain Valleys." Thearticle was written by Mr. Charles E. Peet, formerly a graduate student in geology at the University of Chicago." The Amenities of a Presidential Campaign "is the title of a timely contribution to the Octo-her issue of The World To-Day, written byAssociate Professor Francis W. Shepardson,Dean of the Senior Colleges. Among the illustrations are reproductions of political cartoonsof great historical interest.The sixty-third contribution from the HullBotanical Laboratory, in the October numberof the Botanical Gazette, is the opening articleon "The Relationships of Sexual Organs inPlants." The article covers twenty-two pages,and was written by Assistant Professor BradleyM. Davis, of the Department of Botany.The November number of the MetropolitanTeacher, of New York, quotes with approval an>extract from an article in the September issueof The University Record contributed by Associate Professor J. G. Carter Troop, of theUniversity Extension Division. The article isentitled " Leaves from a Lecturer's Notebook."On the evening of October 6, in Leon MandelAssembly Hall, Miss Helen Davida Harper,daughter of the President of the University,was married to Mr. Charles Scribner Eaton, byProfessor Charles R. Henderson, the Chaplainof the University, assisted by Dr. William M.Lawrence, pastor of the Second Baptist Churchof Chicago. There was a large number ofguests at the ceremony, which was followed bya reception at the home of President and Mrs.Harper. Mrs. Eaton graduated from the University in the class of 1900, of which class Mr.Eaton was also a member. Mr. Eaton is arecent graduate, also, from the Harvard LawSchool, and is now a member of a law firm inChicago.256 UNIVERSITY RECORDOn September 2J, in the University Congregational Church, Chicago, Miss Margaret G.Coulter, the daughter of Professor and Mrs.John M. Coulter, was married by Rev. JosephA. Vance, pastor of the Hyde Park Presbyterian Church, to Mr. Edward Ralph Yarnclle,of Fort Wayne, Ind. Mrs. Yarnelle graduatedfrom the University in the class of 1902.The leading contribution in the Novemberissue of the Atlantic Monthly is an article entitled "The United States in the Philippines."It was written by Mr. Alleyne Ireland, Professorial Lecturer on Colonial Politics, History,and Commerce, who in 1902 went in the interest of the University to make a comparativestudy of colonial administration in the Far East.On October 2, at the home of Assistant Professor James W. Thompson, 5747 WashingtonAvenue, Chicago, Miss Mary A. Ickes, a former student of the University, was married toDr. John Broadus Watson, of the Departmentof Psychology. Mr. Watson received hisdoctor's degree from the University in 1903, andwas recently made an Instructor in Experimental Psychology.The opening contribution in the Septemberissue of the American Journal of Sociology is"The Development of Sociology," written byProfessor George E. Vincent, Dean of theJunior Colleges. In the same number is anarticle on "The Problems of Sociology," byGustav Ratzenhofer, translated by the editor,Professor Albion W. Small, Head of the Department of Sociology.The Progress of Hellenism in Alexander'sEmpire is the title of a forthcoming volume announced by the University of Chicago Press. Itconsists of a revision of a course of lectures delivered at the University during the SummerQuarter, 1904, by Professor John PentlandMahafry, of the University of Dublin. This isthe first volume of Professor ManaSy's to bepublished in this country. Much to the gratification of all members ofthe University and other friends, Dr. Alonzo K.Parker, the University Recorder, ProfessorialLecturer on Modern Missions, and Head ofHitchcock House, is now rapidly recovering,after a very serious illness. In Dr. Parker'sabsence Professor George S. Goodspeed, of theDepartment of Comparative Religion, who wasformerly Recorder of the University, has actedin that capacity.A course of twelve lectures on "The Literature of the Old Testament" is to be given onalternate Sunday afternoons in Steinway Hall,Chicago, by Dr. Nathaniel I. Rubinkam, Lecturer on English Literature in the UniversityExtension Division. This course will alternatewith a course of ten lectures on " Shakspere'sEnglish Historical Dramas." Dr. Rubinkamhas recently returned from a summer of studyin Bonn, Germany.Mr. Frederic J. Gurney, Assistant to theRecorder, whose remarkably faithful and competent service in the Recorder's Office is generally recognized, is spending the Autumn Quarteron the Pacific coast. He was in San Franciscoat the recent sailing of the steamship " China,"carrying, among others, Rev. Frederick G.Harrington, D.B., of the class of 1886, and Rev.Fred Merrifield, A.B., 1898, and D.B., 1901,who were on the way to their new field of missionary labor in China.Mr, Robert L. Henry, Jr., of the class of 1902,who received the Rhodes Scholarship for Illinois after a competitive examination in thespring of 1904, writes from Worcester College,Oxford, in a communication to The DailyMaroon, that the examination for the scholarship the coming year will be held in Januaryinstead of April and that the examination is notas severe in its requirements as generally supposed. Forty-three students holding the Rhodesscholarships are now at Oxford as the representatives of America.UNIVERSITY RECORD 257Under the head of Recent Theological Literature, in the October issue of the AmericanJournal of Theology, Professor Charles R.Barnes, of the Department of Botany, writesupon "Reconciliations of Christianity andScience." In the same number Professor ShailerMathews, of the Department of New TestamentLiterature and Interpretation, considers "Materials for the Historical Interpretation of theNew Testament."On the evening of October 22 the regularannual reception of the Young Men's ChristianAssociation and the Young Women's ChristianLeague was held in Hutchinson Hall. Amongthose receiving were Mrs. William R. Harper,Dean Harry Pratt Judson and Mrs. Judson, andProfessor Charles R. Barnes and Mrs. Barnes.About five hundred guests were in attendance.The music for the evening was furnished byJackson's Orchestra.In Kent Theater on the afternoon of October27 the English Club of the University held anopen meeting, at which Mr. Arnold Daly, whois now presenting several plays of GeorgeBernard Shaw in Chicago, discussed in an informal way some of Mr. Shaw's qualities as adramatist, giving particular attention to hiswork in "Candida" and to the common misinterpretation of the text. There was a largeand interested audience.At the seventieth annual convention of theDelta Upsilon fraternity, which was held in Chicago from October 26 to October 29, one of thesessions was at the Leon Mandel Assembly Hall.Assistant Professor James W. Thompson, ofthe Department of History, contributed to theprogramme a poem entitled "£tienne du Peri-gord." Associate Professor Camillo von Klenzeand Assistant Professor Philip S. Allen, of theDepartment of Germanic Languages and Literatures, also took conspicuous parts in the convention, of which Mr. Arthur E. Bestor, Lectureron History in the University Extension Division, was the secretary. During the Summer Quarter the historicalgroup of the University departmental librarieswas transferred from Cobb Lecture Hall to thenew Law Building. The group includes the bookcollections in history, political economy, politicalscience, sociology, and philosophy. Half of thereading-room on the third floor of the LawBuilding has been given over to these collections, which are now available from eight in themorning to ten in the evening.The October issue of the Elementary SchoolTeacher contains, among other articles, contributions on " Manual Training and ManualLabor," by Assistant Professor Willard C. Gore,of the College of Education ; on " ManualTraining in Primary Grades," by AnnetteButler, of the School of Education ; on " Art,"by Professor Charles Zueblin, of the Department of Sociology; and on "Fall Planting,"by Professor Wilbur S. Jackman, Principal ofthe University Elementary School.An attractive booklet containing a sketch ofthe University written by Mr. Nott W. Flint,Instructor in the Department of English, hasbeen printed by the University of Chicago Press.The sketch opens with a historical statementand considers briefly the "Organization of theLTniversity," " Buildings and Grounds," and the" Social Life of Students." There are ten well-chosen illustrations, and the cover carries anespecially artistic view of the Mitchell Towerand the corner of the Reynolds Club House." British Municipal Practice versus AmericanMunicipal Theory " is the title of an illustratedarticle in the November issue of The WorldTo-Day, contributed by Jlon. Francis W.Parker, Professorial Lecturer on Patent Law inthe Law School, and a member of the UniversityBoard of Trustees. In the same number theeditor, Professor Shailer Mathews, of the Department of New Testament History and Interpretation, has a timely and suggestive editorialon " College Athletics and College Faculties."258 UNIVERSITY RECORDThe decorations of the Order of the RedEagle and the Order of the Crown respectivelyhave been conferred by the Emperor of Germany upon the President of the University andProfessor Harry Pratt Judson, Dean of theFaculties of Arts, Literature, and Science, inrecognition of the honors shown by the University to German scholarship on the occasion ofthe Fiftieth Convocation. The decorations werepresented on behalf of the Emperor by Dr.Walther Wever, the Imperial German Consul inChicago.In the September number of the BiblicalWorld Professor Ernest D. Burton, Head of theDepartment of New Testament Literature andinterpretation, has a contribution on "TheBible in the Sunday School." It was originallydelivered as an address before the convention ofthe Religious Education Association in Philadelphia. In the same number President WilliamR. Harper continues his Constructive Studies inthe Prophetic Element in the Old Testament,this being the fifth study — "The Backgroundof Prophecy and Prophetism in the NorthernKingdom ; " under the head of Exploration andDiscovery appear Dr. Edgar J. Banks's " ReportNo. 23 " from Bismya, and " The Evolution ofthe Babylonian Brick," edited by ProfessorRobert Francis Harper, Director of the Expedition (Babylonian Section) of the Oriental Exploration Fund. The last article has two pagesof drawings illustrating the various sizes andshapes of Bismyan bricks.Four hundred students and alumni respondedto the invitation of the Reynolds Club to attendits opening " smoker " on Friday evening, October 7. The President of the club, Mr. Roy D.Keehn, a graduate from the Law School in theclass of 1904, introduced the speakers of theevening, Associate Professor Francis W.Shepardson, Dean of the Senior Colleges, making the opening address. Professor George E.Vincent, Dean of the Junior Colleges, and Pro fessor William G. Hale, Head of the Department of the Latin Language and Literature,also gave addresses, and the captain of the football team, Mr. Frederick A. Speik, made anappeal for support of the team during the present season. Much enthusiasm was aroused bythe addresses and the music, and the success ofthe evening has been shown by the gratifyingincrease in the membership of the club.A symposium on " The Modern Imitation ofChrist," which opens the October issue of theBiblical World, contains a contribution by Professor Charles R. Henderson, Head of the Department of Ecclesiastical Sociology. The samenumber contains a sixteen-page illustrated article on " The Newly Discovered ' Sayings ofJesus/" by Assistant Professor Clyde W.Votaw, of the Department of New TestamentLiterature and Interpretation; the sixth constructive study in the Prophetic Element in theOld Testament — "The Product of Prophecy"and Prophetism in the Northern Kingdom," —by President William R. Harper; and, underthe head of Exploration and Discovery, an illustrated contribution on "German Activity inOriental Explorations," by Professor Ira M.Price, of the Department of Semitic Languagesand Literatures.The opening contribution in the October issueof the American Journal of Semitic Languagesand Literatures is by the President of the University, and is entitled " The Structure of Hosea7 : 8 — 14 : 10." In the same number is a particularly significant article on "The EarliestOccurrence of the Name of Abram," written byAssociate Professor James H. Breasted, of theDepartment of Semitic Languages and Literatures. It is accompanied by three full-pageillustrations. The Ethiopic original and thetranslation of "The Story of Eugenia andPhilip " appear also in this issue of the journal,contributed by Dr. Edgar J. Goodspeed, of theDepartment of Biblical and Patristic Greek. OfUNIVERSITY RECORD 259remarkable interest is the article on " The OldestStatue in the World," contributed by Dr. EdgarJ. Banks, who writes from Bagdad concerningthe latest discoveries at Bismya in Babylonia.Mr. Banks has two other contributions in thesame number, "Spurious Antiquities in Bagdad'* and "A Vase Inscription from Warka."At the mass meeting held in Kent Theater onOctober 20 to rouse enthusiasm for the footballcontest on Marshall Field, October 22, betweenthe University of Chicago and NorthwesternUniversity, the speakers included Associate Professor Francis W. Shepardson, Dean of theSenior Colleges ; Assistant Professor Philip S. Allen, of the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures ; Dr. Thomas W. Good-speed, Secretary of the University Board ofTrustees; and Director A. A. Stagg, of theDivision of Physical Culture and Athletics.Other speakers were Mr. Frederick A. Speik,captain of the football team, and Mr. Allen T.Burns, of the class of 1897. Mr. James M.Sheldon, a graduate from the University in theclass of 1903 and from the Law School in 1904,was the chairman of the evening. A thousandstudents were present, and great enthusiasm wasstirred by the speakers, the playing of the University Band, and the football songs.The Police PowerPublic Policy and Constitutional Rights©? ERNST FREUNDPROFESSOR OF LAW IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGOA treatise on the most comprehensive and tHe mostinteresting branch of American Constitutional LawPART I — entitled Nature and General Scope of the PolicePower — deals with the division of governmental powers, withmethods of restraint and control, and with the relation of the federalgovernment to the police power.PART II — entitled The Public Welfare — analyzes the conditions and interests calling for the exercise of the police power, andshows to what extent under the American system of government thelaw may and does restrain the liberty of individual action.PART III — entitled Fundamental Rights tinder the PolicePower — gives a full and systematic account of the various aspectsof liberty, of the protection of vested rights, and of the principleof equality.The author has aimed to solve the problem of the nature andscope of the police power, upon which the validity of a greatportion of current legislation depends.The work also gives a systematic view of statutory public law.Special College EditionOne Volume, Q14 pp., 8vo, bound in Buckram, $6. 00, Net; $6.40, PostpaidAT ALL BOOKSELLERS, OR FROMTHE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESSCHICAGO AND 156 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK